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10

Properties of Circles

10.1

Use Properties of Tangents

10.1

Vocabulary
Circle - A set of all points that is equidistant from the center.

Center -

A given point equidistant from all points.

10.1

Vocabulary
Radius -

A segment whose endpoints are the center and

any point on the circle.

Chord -

A segment whose endpoints are on the circle

10.1

Vocabulary
Secant -

A line that intersects a circle in two points.

Tangent - A line that intersects a circle in exactly one points.

Vocabulary
Common Tangents -

A line, ray or segment that is tangent to two

coplanar circles.

Identify special segments

D

AC , Radius
G

AB , Diameter
DE , Tangent
AE , Secant

Identify special segments

D

AC , Radius
AB , Diameter
DE , Tangent
AE , Secant

Tell how many common targets the circles have and draw them.
4 common tangents

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Theorem
Theorem 10.1 - In a plane, a line is tangent to a circle if and only if the line
is perpendicular to a radius of the circle at its
endpoints on the circle.

Verify a Tangent to a circle

35

12

37

a 2+ b 2= c 2
2

35 + 12 = 37

1225 + 144 = 1369

1369 = 1369
Yes it is a tangent.

Verify a Tangent to a circle

60

25

67

a 2+ b 2= c 2
2

25 + 60 = 67

625 + 3600 = 4489

4225 4489
No it is not a tangent.

Verify a Tangent to a circle

60

25

67

No it is not a tangent.

Verify a Tangent to a circle

80
50

r
r

a 2+ b 2= c 2
2

80 + r = (50 + r)

r 2+ 6400 = r 2+ 100r + 2500

3900 = 100r
39 = r

Verify a Tangent to a circle

48

r
r

36

a 2+ b 2= c 2
2

r + 48 = (36 + r)

r2+ 2304 = r 2+ 72r + 1296

1008 = 72r
14 = r

Theorem
Theorem 10.2 -

Tangent segments from a common external points are

congruent

Use the properties of Tangents

S
28
R
C
3x + 4
T

28 = 3x + 4
24 = 3x
8=x

Use the properties of Tangents

S
25
R
C
6x - 8
T

5.5 = x

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10.2

Find Arc Measures

10.2

Vocabulary
Central Angle -

An angle whose vertex is the center of the circle.

10.2

Vocabulary
Minor Arc -

The points that lie in the interior of the arc.

10.2

Vocabulary
Major Arc -

The points that lie on the outside

10.2

Vocabulary
Semicircle - An arc with endpoints that are the endpoints of the diameter

10.2

Vocabulary
Congruent Circles -

Two circles that have the same radius.

10.2

Vocabulary
Congruent Arcs -

Two arcs that have the same measure.

Key Concept
Measure of minor arc -

The measure of the central angle.

Key Concept
Measure of major arc - The difference between 360 and the measure
of the minor arc.

Find the measure of each arc.

(

RS = 110
(

RTS = 360 - 110

= 250
(

RST = 180

110

T
S

Find the measure of each arc.

(

TS = 135

TRS = 360 - 135

= 225
(

RST = 180

135
T

Postulate
Postulate 23 -

The measure of an arc formed by two adjacent arcs

is the same of the measures of the two arcs.

Find the measures of the arcs.

(

TQ = 120

120

SR = 100

80

60

QRT = 60 + 100 + 80
= 240
(

TQR = 180
(

QS = 160

Find the measures of the arcs.

S

RU = 140

30

RST = 130
(

RVT = 60 + 80 + 90
= 230
(

UST =270

100
R

60
V

90
80

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