Cornell Notes

Topic/Objective:

Name:
Class/Period:
Date: 3/7/16-3/11/16

Essential Question: How have advances in scientific understanding created new ethical considerations in regards
to bio engineering organisms?
Questions:

Notes:
Cancer 3/7/16
Level 2
Cancer is rapid uncontrollable growth and division of cells
Can you explain
Cancer cells have lost the ability to regulate their
how meiosis relates
reproduction and growth
to cancer?
Mitosis is cancer cell division
Genetics:
certain genes or DNA can make a person more
What are the steps
susceptible to cancer
needed to clone
Environmental triggers: pollution, overall health ex: smoking can
something?
be random no clue as to why it occurred
Specific causes
Level 3
1. Defective DNA repair mechanism
how would you test
2. Transformation of normal gene into oncogene
the regeneration of
3. Malfunction of tumor suppressor gene
planaria?
Toxicology 3/8/16
Dosage amount and frequency
How can you
elaborate thet
The chemical or physical form of the substance ex: solid
meiosis has to do
liquid gas
with cancer?
The mode of entry into the body ex: blood absorption
Body weight and physiological conditions of the victim
What would happen
including age and sex
if you clones a
Time period of exposure
human?
Presence of other chemicals
Synergism-combined effect of substances exceeds sum of
`
individual effect
Antagonism- combined effect decreases individual effects
Chelating agent stabilize or prevent the precipitation of damaging
compounds
Stem Cells 3/9/16
Self-renewal-maintains the stem cell pool
Differentiation-replaces dead or damaged cells throughout your life
Embryonic stem cells-blastocyst a very early embryo
1. Embryonic stem cells- can turn into any kind of cell
embryonic cells are pluripotent
2. Tissue stem cells can only be one specific thing
3. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) genetic
reprogramming add certain genes to the cell behaves like an
embryonic cell can be alternative
Cloning Planaria 3/10/16

Planaria has self-regeneration

Dies easily hates sunlight
Varies in size

Cloning 3/11/16
1. Take DNA out of nucleus
2. Make a new piece of DNA
3. Put new DNA into test cell and grow copies
Loss of function: remove a gene to see of anything works
differently
Report gene: add a gene that shows vs. when another gene is
working
Recombinant DNA technology-DNA molecular gene cloning
No imprinting inherited
Psychological effects infertility social and physical risk
Gene cloning-viruses and vaccines only genes

Summary: This week we learned about cancer, toxicology, planaria, and cloning. Cancer is when your cells have
lost the ability to regulate their reproduction and growth and then it becomes a tumor because its just a clump of
cells. Toxicology was about how the toxins can affect you depending on the dosage and how you absorbed it and
if its in the presence of any chemicals that might accelerate or cancel out the effect of the chemical. Planaria is an
organism that regenerates fast and hates sunlight. Cloning is illegal to do on humans because of the downsides
the clone would be infertile and imprinting isnt passed doesnt so it wont have instincts so to speak.

Questions:

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