CENTRAL CABINET MINISTERS

S.No

Name

Portfolio

Prime Minister and also in-charge of: Ministry of Personnel, Public

Grievances and Pensions; Department of Atomic Energy;
1.

Shri Narendra Modi

Department of Space; and All important policy issues and all other
portfolios not allocated to any Minister.

2.

Shri Raj Nath Singh

Minister of Home Affairs.

Minister of External Affairs; and Minister of Overseas Indian

3.

Smt. Sushma Swaraj

Affairs.
Minister of Finance; Minister of Corporate Affairs; and Minister of

4.

Shri Arun Jaitley

Information & Broadcasting.

Minister of Urban Development; Minister of Housing and Urban

5.

Shri M. Venkaiah Naidu

Poverty Alleviation; and Minister of Parliamentary Affairs.

Shri Nitin Jairam

Minister of Road Transport and Highways; and Minister of

Gadkari

Shipping.

7.

Shri Manohar Parrikar

Defence

8.

Shri Suresh Prabhu

Railways

6.

Shri D.V. Sadananda

9.

Gowda

Law & Justice

Minister of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga

10.

Sushri Uma Bharati

11.

Dr. Najma A. Heptulla

Minister of Minority Affairs.

12.

Shri Ramvilas Paswan

Minister of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution.

13.

Shri Kalraj Mishra

Minister of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises.

Rejuvenation.

Smt. Maneka Sanjay

14.

15.

Gandhi
Shri Ananthkumar

Minister of Women and Child Development.

Minister of Chemicals and Fertilizers.

Shri Ravi Shankar

16.

Prasad

Minister of Communications and Information Technology

Shri Jagat Prakash

17.

Nadda

Health and Family Welfare

Shri Ashok Gajapathi

18.

19.

Raju Pusapati
Shri Anant Geete

Minister of Civil Aviation.

Minister of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises.

Smt. Harsimrat Kaur

20.

21.

Badal
Shri Narendra Singh

Minister of Food Processing Industries.

Minister of Mines; Minister of Steel;

Shri Chaudhary Birender Minister of Rural Development; Minister of Panchayati Raj;

22

Singh

Minister of Drinking Water and Sanitation

23.

Shri Jual Oram

Minister of Tribal Affairs.

Shri Radha Mohan

24.

Singh

Minister of Agriculture.

Shri Thaawar Chand

25.

Gehlot

Minister of Social Justice and Empowerment.

26.

Smt. Smriti Zubin Irani

Minister of Human Resource Development.

27.

Dr. Harsh Vardhan

Minister of Health and Family Welfare.

: : : WORLD HERITAGE SITES IN INDIA : : :

S.No.
01

02

03

Name
Kaziranga Wild Life Sanctuary,
Assam
Manas Wild Life Sanctuary,
Assam
Mahabodhi Temple Complex at
Bodh Gaya, Bihar

Region
Assam, India

Assam, India

Bihar, India

04

Humayuns Tomb, Delhi

Delhi, India

05

Qutb Minar and its

Delhi, India

Monuments, Delhi
07
08
09
10

11

12

13

Churches and Convents of Goa Goa (Old Goa), Goa,India

Champaner-Pavagadh
Archaeological Park, Gujarat

Gujarat, India

Group of Monuments at Hampi Bellary District,Karnataka, India

Group of Monuments at
Pattadakal
Buddhist Monuments at
Sanchi, Madhya Pradesh
Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka,
Madhya Pradesh
Khajuraho Group of
Monuments, Madhya Pradesh

Real

Madhya Pradesh, India

Madhya Pradesh, India

Madhya Pradesh, India

14

Ajanta Caves

Maharashtra,India

15

Ellora Caves

Maharashtra,India

16

Elephanta Caves

Maharashtra,India

17

Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus

(formerly Victoria Terminus)

Maharashtra,India

18

Sun Temple, Konrak

Puri District,Orissa, India

19

Keoladeo National Park

Bharatpur,Rajasthan, India

20

Jantar Mantar, Jaipur

Jaipur,Rajasthan, India

21

Great Living Chola Temples

Brihadeeswarar temple,Gangaikonda

Cholapuram,Tamil Nadu,India
Airavateshwarar
Temple,Darasuram,Tamil Nadu,India
Brihadeeswarar
Temple,Thanjavur,Tamil Nadu,India
22

Group of Monuments at
Mahabalipuram

Mahabalipuram,Tamil Nadu,India

23

Agra Fort, Uttar Pradesh

Uttar Pradesh,India

24

Fatehpur Sikri, Uttar Pradesh

Uttar Pradesh,India

25

Taj Mahal, Uttar Pradesh

Uttar Pradesh,India

Mountain Railways of India

Darjeeling Himalayan Railway

,Darjeeling, West Bengal
Nilgiri Mountain Railway Ooty, Tamil
Nadu
Kalka-Shimla Railway,Himachal

26
27
28
29

Pradesh India
Nanda Devi and Valley of
Flowers National Parks

Chamoli District,Uttarakhand,India

Sundarbans National Park

Bangladesh,West Bengal(India)

Western Ghats

Agasthyamalai Sub-Cluster
Periyar Sub-Cluster
Anamalai Sub-Cluster

Nilgiri Sub-Cluster
Talakaveri Sub-Cluster (five
properties)
Kudremukh Sub-Cluster (five
properties)
Sahyadri Sub-Cluster
30

Hill Forts of Rajasthan

Chittorgarh
Kumbhalgarh
Ranthambhore
Amber Sub-Cluster
Jaisalmer
Gagron

31
32

Rani ki vav(The Queen's

Stepwell)

Patan, Gujarat,India

Great Himalayan National Park Himachal Pradesh, India

: : : CENTRAL RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS : : :

Aryabhatta Research Institute of

Nainital

Observational Sciences
Central Drug Research Institute
Central Electronics Engineering Research
Institute
Central Food Technological Research
Institute
Central Glass and Ceramic Research
Institute (CGCRI)

Lucknow
Pilani

Mysore

Kolkata

Central Institute for Cotton Research

Nagpur

Central Leather Research Institute

Adyar, Chennai

Central Research Institute for Dryland

Agriculture

Hyderabad

Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute

Avikanagar

Central Soil Salinity Research Institute

New Delhi

Fluid Control Research Institute

Kanjikode

Harish Chandra Research Institute (HRI)

Allahabad

Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI)

New Delhi

Indian Institute of Forestry Research and

Dehradun, Shimla, Ranchi,

Education

Jorhat, Jabalpur, Jodhpur

Indian Institute of Pulses Research

Kanpur

Indian Institute of Science Education and

Kolkata, Pune, Mohali, Bhopal,

Research (IISER)

Thiruvananthpuram

Indian Institute of Spices Research

Kozhikode

Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research

Lucknow

Indian Institute of Natural Resins and Gums

(Indian Lac Research Institute)
National Institute Of Technical Teachers
Training and Research
Indian Veterinary Research Institute
Indira Gandhi Institute of Development
Research
Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research
(IGCAR)
Institute for Plasma Research (IPR)
Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced
Scientific Research (JNCASR)
National Academy of Agricultural Research
Management

Ranchi

Chennai
Bareilly
Mumbai

Kalpakkam
Gandhinagar
Bangalore

Rajendranagar

National Botanical Research Institute (NBRI)

Lucknow

National Dairy Research Institute

Karnal (Haryana)

National Environmental Engineering

Research Institute
National Institute of Construction
Management and Research

Nagpur

Mumbai

National Institute of Science Education and

Research (NISER)

Bhubaneswar

Physical Research Laboratory (PRL)

Ahmedabad

Raman Research Institute (RRI)

Bangalore

Tata Institute of Fundamental Research

(TIFR)
Indian Institute of Horticultural Research
(IIBR)

Mumbai, Hyderabad

Goa

: : : INTERNATIONAL ALLIANCES : : :

South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)

The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is an
organisation of South Asian nations, which was established on 8 December
1985 when the government of Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal,
Pakistan, and Sri Lanka formally adopted its charter providing for the
promotion of economic and social progress, cultural development within the
South Asia region and also for friendship and co-operation with other
developing countries. It is dedicated to economic, technological, social, and
cultural development emphasising collective self-reliance. Its seven founding
members are Sri Lanka, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and
Bangladesh. Afghanistan joined the organisation in 2007.Meetings of heads of

state are usually scheduled annually; meetings of foreign secretaries, twice

annually. It is headquartered in Kathmandu, Nepal.
Regional Centres
The SAARC Secretariat is supported by following Regional Centres established
in Member States to promote regional co-operation. These Centres are
managed by Governing Boards comprising representatives from all the
Member States, SAARC Secretary-General and the Ministry of Foreign/External
Affairs of the Host Government. The Director of the Centre acts as Member
Secretary to the Governing Board which reports to the Programming
Committee.
SAARC Agricultural Centre (SAC), Dhaka
SAARC Meteorological Research Centre (SMRC), Dhaka
SAARC Tuberculosis Centre (STC), Kathmandu
SAARC Documentation Centre (SDC), New Delhi
SAARC Human Resources Development Centre (SHRDC), Islamabad
SAARC Coastal Zone Management Centre (SCZMC), Maldives
SAARC Information Centre (SIC), Nepal
SAARC Energy Centre (SEC), Pakistan
SAARC Disaster Management Centre (SDMC), India
SAARC Development Fund (SDF), Bhutan
SAARC Forestry Centre (SFC), Bhutan
SAARC Cultural Centre (SCC), Sri Lanka
BRICS

BRICS is the acronym for an association of five major emerging national

economies: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa.The grouping was
originally known as "BRIC" before the inclusion of South Africa in 2010. The
BRICS members are all developing or newly industrialised countries, but they
are distinguished by their large, fast-growing economies and significant
influence on regional and global affairs; all five are G-20 members. As of
2013, the five BRICS countries represent almost 3 billion people, with a
combined nominal GDP of US$16.039 trillion, and an estimated US$4 trillion
in combined foreign reserves.Presently, South Africa holds the chair of the
BRICS group. The BRICS have received both praise and criticism from
numerous quarters.
BRICS Development Bank
The BRICS Development Bank is a proposed development bank of the BRICS
nations. Its establishment was agreed to by BRICS leaders at the 2013 BRICS
summit held in Durban, South Africa on 27 March 2013. Among its goals is to
provide funding for infrastructure projects, and create a "Contingent Reserve
Arrangement" worth $100 billion which will help member countries counteract
future financial shocks.
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations is a geo-political and economic
organisation of ten countries located in Southeast Asia, which was formed on
8 August 1967 by Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and
Thailand. Since then, membership has expanded to include Brunei, Burma

(Myanmar), Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam. Its aims include accelerating

economic growth, social progress, cultural development among its members,
protection of regional peace and stability, and opportunities for member
countries to discuss differences peacefully.
ASEAN covers a land area of 4.46 million km, which is 3% of the total land
area of Earth, and has a population of approximately 600 million people,
which is 8.8% of the world's population. The sea area of ASEAN is about three
times larger than its land counterpart. In 2011, its combined nominal GDP had
grown to more than US$ 2 trillion. If ASEAN were a single entity, it would rank
as the eighth largest economy in the world.
Headquarters is at Jakarta, Indonesia.
Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic
Cooperation(BIMSTEC)
The Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic
Cooperation (BIMSTEC) is an international organisation involving a group of
countries in South Asia and South East Asia. These are: Bangladesh, India,
Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Bhutan and Nepal.
Background
On 6 June 1997, a new sub-regional grouping was formed in Bangkok and
given the name BIST-EC (Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, and Thailand Economic
Cooperation). Myanmar attended the inaugural June Meeting as an observer
and joined the organization as a full member at a Special Ministerial Meeting
held in Bangkok on 22 December 1997, upon which the name of the grouping

was changed to BIMST-EC. Nepal was granted observer status by the second
Ministerial Meeting in Dhaka in December 1998. Subsequently, full
membership has been granted to Nepal and Bhutan in 2004.
In the first Summit on 31 July 2004, leaders of the group agreed that the
name of the grouping should be known as BIMSTEC or the Bay of Bengal
Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation.
MekongGanga Cooperation (MGC)
The MekongGanga Cooperation (MGC) was established on November 10,
2000 at Vientiane at the First MGC Ministerial Meeting. It comprises six
member countries, namely India, Thailand, Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos and
Vietnam. They emphasised four areas of cooperation, which are tourism,
culture, education, and transportation linkage in order to be solid foundation
for future trade and investment cooperation in the region. The organization
takes its name from the Ganga and the Mekong, two large rivers in the region.
Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)
The Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) is an intergovernmental
organization involving seven Asian and three Eurasian nations, part of the
South-central Asian Union. It provides a platform to discuss ways to improve
development and promote trade, and investment opportunities. The ECO is
an ad hoc organization under the United Nations Charter (Chap. VIII). The
common objective is to establish a single market for goods and services,
much like the European Union. ECO's secretariat and cultural department are
located in Tehran, its economic bureau is in Turkey and its scientific bureau is

situated in Pakistan. The organization's population is 416,046,863 and the

area is 8,620,697 km. The organization was founded by Turkey, Iran and
Pakistan. ECO's Charter was signed on 15 March 1995 in Islamabad, Pakistan.
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)
The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation or SCO is a Eurasian political,
economic and military organisation which was founded in 2001 in Shanghai
by the leaders of China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, and
Uzbekistan. Except for Uzbekistan, the other countries had been members of
the Shanghai Five, founded in 1996; after the inclusion of Uzbekistan in 2001,
the members renamed the organisation. Headquarters is in Beijing, China.
Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf or Gulf Cooperation
Council (GCC)
The Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf (CCASG), also known
as the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), is a political and economic union of
Arab states bordering the Persian Gulf, namely Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar,
Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates.
In December 2011, Saudi Arabia proposed that the GCC deepen their
integration to form a confederation. Objections have been raised against the
proposal by the other countries.
There have been discussions regarding the future membership of Jordan,
Morocco, and Yemen
Headquartered at Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD)

The Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD) is an intergovernmental organization

created in 2002 to promote Asian cooperation at a continental level and to
help integrate separate regional cooperation organizations such as ASEAN,
SAARC and the Gulf Cooperation Council.
History
It is the main objective of the former Thai Prime Minister to form the Asia
Cooperation Dialogue or the forerunner to the ASIAN UNION. The ACD's main
members states are Kuwait, Pakistan, Iran, Bahrain, Sri Lanka, Turkey,
Thailand, China and Japan, the so-called major nine ACD Nations.
Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) is an oil cartel
whose mission is to coordinate the policies of the oil-producing countries. The
goal is to secure a steady income to the member states and to secure supply
of oil to the consumers.
OPEC is an intergovernmental organization that was created at the Baghdad
Conference on September 1014, 1960, by Iraq, Kuwait, Iran, Saudi Arabia
and Venezuela. Later it was joined by nine more governments: Libya, United
Arab Emirates, Qatar, Indonesia, Algeria, Nigeria, Ecuador, Angola, and
Gabon. OPEC was headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland before moving to
Vienna, Austria, on September 1, 1965.
OPEC was formed at a time when the international oil market was largely
separate from centrally planned economies, and was dominated by
multinational companies. OPEC's Policy Statement' states that there is a right

of all countries to exercise sovereignty over their natural resources.

Headquarters is in Vienna, Austria.
Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)
The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) is a group of states which are not formally
aligned with or against any major power bloc. As of 2012, the movement has
120 members and 17 observer countries.
The organization was founded in Belgrade in 1961, and was largely conceived
by India's first prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru; Indonesia's first president,
Sukarno; Egypt's second president, Gamal Abdel Nasser; Ghana's first
president Kwame Nkrumah; and Yugoslavia's president, Josip Broz Tito. All five
leaders were prominent advocates of a middle course for states in the
Developing World between the Western and Eastern blocs in the Cold War.
The phrase itself was first used to represent the doctrine by Indian diplomat
Vengalil Krishnan Krishna Menon in 1953, at the United Nations.
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
is an intergovernmental military alliance based on the North Atlantic Treaty
which was signed on 4 April 1949. The organization constitutes a system of
collective defence whereby its member states agree to mutual defense in
response to an attack by any external party. NATO's headquarters are in
Brussels, Belgium, one of the 28 member states across North America and
Europe, the newest of which, Albania and Croatia, joined in April 2009. An
additional 22 countries participate in NATO's "Partnership for Peace", with 15
other countries involved in institutionalized dialogue programs. The combined

military spending of all NATO members constitutes over 70% of the world's
defence spending.
Headquarters at Brussels, Belgium.
Commonwealth of Nations
The Commonwealth of Nations is an intergovernmental organisation of 53
member states that were mostly territories of the former British Empire. The
Commonwealth operates by intergovernmental consensus of the member
states, organised through the Commonwealth Secretariat, and nongovernmental organisations, organised through the Commonwealth
Foundation Headquarters at London, United Kingdom.
Group of 15 (G-15)
The Group of 15 (G-15) is an informal forum set up to foster cooperation and
provide input for other international groups, such as the World Trade
Organization and the Group of Eight. It was established at the Ninth NonAligned Movement Summit Meeting in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, in September
1989, and is composed of countries from Latin America, Africa, and Asia with
a common goal of enhanced growth and prosperity. The G-15 focuses on
cooperation among developing countries in the areas of investment, trade,
and technology. Membership has since expanded to 17 countries, but the
name has remained unchanged. Chile, Iran and Kenya have since joined the
Group of 15, whereas Yugoslavia is no longer part of the group; Peru, a
founding member-state, decided to leave the G-15 in 2011.
Membership :17

Algeria

Argentina

Brazil Chile Egypt

India

Indonesia

Iran

Jamaica

Malaysia

Mexico

Nigeria

Zimbabwe

Senegal

Kenya
Sri
Lanka

Venezuela

Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland

GROUP OF 24 (G24)
The Group of 24 (G24), a chapter of the G-77, was established in 1971 to
coordinate the positions of developing countries on international monetary
and development finance issues and to ensure that their interests were
adequately represented in negotiations on international monetary matters.
The group, which is officially called the Intergovernmental Group of TwentyFour on International Monetary Affairs and Development, is not an organ of
the International Monetary Fund, but the IMF provides secretariat services for
the Group. Its meetings usually take place twice a year, prior to the
International Monetary and Financial Committee and Development Committee
meetings, to enable developing country members to discuss agenda items
beforehand. Although membership in the G-24 is strictly limited to 24
countries, any member of the G-77 can join discussions. China has been a
"special invitee" since the Gabon meetings of 1981.
Member states

Algeria

Egypt

Argentin
a
Ethiopia

Brazil
Gabon
Ghana

Colombia

Kenya

Democratic Republic of
the Congo
Guatemala

India

Iran

Nigeria

Pakistan Peru

Sri Lanka

Syria

Ivory Coast

Peru

Lebanon

Mexico

Philippines

South Africa

Trinidad and
Tobago

Venezuela

GROUP OF 77 (G77)
The Group of 77 at the United Nations is a loose coalition of developing
nations, designed to promote its members' collective economic interests and
create an enhanced joint negotiating capacity in the United Nations. There
were 77 founding members of the organization, but the organization has
since expanded to 132 member countries.
India is a memeber state in G 77.
European Union (EU)
The European Union (EU) is an economic and political union of 28 member
states that are located primarily in Europe. The EU operates through a system
of supranational independent institutions and intergovernmental negotiated
decisions by the member states. Institutions of the EU include the European
Commission, the Council of the European Union, the European Council, the
Court of Justice of the European Union, the European Central Bank, the Court
of Auditors, and the European Parliament. The European Parliament is elected
every five years by EU citizens. The EU's de facto capital is Brussels.
Member states

Austria

Belgium Bulgaria

Czech

Denmar

Republic

Estonia

Croatia

Cyprus

Finland

France

Germany
Latvia
Poland
Spain

Greece

Hungary

Lithuani Luxembour
a

Portugal Romania
Sweden

Ireland
Malta
Slovakia

Italy
Netherlan
ds
Slovenia

United
Kingdom

Group of Eight (G 8)
The Group of Eight (G8) is a forum for the governments of eight of the world's
largest national economies as nominal GDP with higher HDI; not included are
India at 9th, Brazil at 7th and China at 2nd. The forum originated with a 1975
summit hosted by France that brought together representatives of six
governments:France, the Federal Republic of Germany, Italy, Japan, the
United Kingdom, and the United States, thus leading to the name Group of Six
or G6. The summit became known as the Group of Seven or G7 the following
year with the addition of Canada. The G7 is composed by the 7 developed
wealthiest countries on Earth (as national net wealth) and by the 7 developed
wealthiest countries on Earth by GDP, and it remains active despite the
creation of the G8. In 1997, Russia was added to the group which then
became known as the G8. The European Union is represented within the G8
but cannot host or chair summits.
G 8 Member States:
Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, United Kingdom and the
United States.
G-20 major economies

The Group of Twenty Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors (also
known as the G-20, G20, and Group of Twenty) is a group of finance ministers
and central bank governors from 20 major economies: 19 countries plus the
European Union, which is represented by the President of the European
Council and by the European Central Bank. The G-20 heads of government or
heads of state have also periodically conferred at summits since their initial
meeting in 2008. Collectively, the G-20 economies account for approximately
86% of the gross world product (GWP), 80 percent of world trade (including
EU intra-trade), and twothirds of the world population.
Membership:

Argentina
European
Union
Italy
South Africa

Australi

Brazil

Canada

China

France

Germany

India

Indonesia

Japan

Mexico

Saudi

Arabia

United

United

Kingdom

States

South
Korea

Turkey

: : : WORLD ORGANISATIONS AND THEIR

HEADQUARTERS : : :
Organisation
1.

International Bank for Reconstruction and

Development (IBRD) (World Bank)

Head quarters
- Washington

2.

Amnesty International

- London (England)

3.

Asian Development Bank (ADB)

- Manila (Philippines)

4.

ASEAN (Assosiation of South-East Asian

Nations)

- Jakarta (Indonesia)

5.

NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation)

- Brussels (Belgium)

6.

African Union (AU)

- Addis-Ababa (Ethopia)

7.

8.

9.
10
.

International Committee of the Red Cross

(ICRC)
SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional
Corporation)
United Nations Environment Programme
(UNEP)
INTERPOLE (International Police)

11 World Trade Organisation (WTO) (w.e.f. Jan 1,

.

1995)

- Geneva (Switzerland)

- Kathmandu (Nepal)

- Nairobi (kenya)

- Lyons (France)

- Geneva

12
.
13
.
14
.
15
.
16
.
17
.
18
.

Organisation of American States (OAS)

- Washington D.C.

ARAB LEAGUE (League of Arab States)

- Cario (Egypt)

COMECON

- Minsk (Belarus)

World Council of Churches (WCC)

- Geneva

European Energy Commission (EEC)

- Geneva

Economic Commission of Africa (ECA)

- Addis-Ababa

Economic Commission of West Asia (ECWA)

- Baghdad

19 United Nations High Commission for Refugees

.
20
.

(UNHCR)
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)

21 United Nations Industrial Development

.

Organisation (UNIDO)

22 UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade

.

and Development

23 WWF (World Wildlife Fund)

- Geneva

- Vienna (Austria)

- Vienna (Austria)

- Geneva
- Gland (Switzerland)

.
24
.
25
.

International Olympic Committee (IOC)

- Lusane

European Common Market (ECM)

- Geneva

26 CHOGM (Common wealth Heads of

.

Governments Meet)

27 OPEC (Organisation of Petroleum Exporting

.

Countries)

28 OECD (Organisation for Economic Co.

29
.
30
.
31
.
32
.

operation and Development

34
.

- Vienna

- Paris

CENTO (Central Treaty Organisation)

- Ankara (Turkey)

Commonwealth

- London

European Economy Community (EEC)

- Brussels

Council of European

- Strasbourg

33 European Space Research Organization

.

- London

(ESRO)
BENELUX Economic Union

- Paris

- Brussels

35 Economic and Social Commission for Asia and

.
36
.

the Pacific (ESCAP)

Economic Commission for Europe (ECE)

37 Economic Commission for Latin America and

.

the Carribbean

38 Economic and Social Commission for Western

.
39
.

Asia (ESCWA)
ANZUS Council

40 United Nations Centre for Human Settlements

.

(UNCHS)

41 United Nations International Children's

.

Emergency Fund (UNICEF)

42 United Nations Fund for Population Activities

.

(UNDPA)

43 United Nations Development Programme

.

(UNDP)

44 United Nations Institute for Training and

.
45
.

Research (UNITAR)
United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)

46 United Nations Research Institute for Social

- Bankgkok (Thiland)

- Geneva

- Santiago (Chile)

- Jordan (Amman)

- Canberra (Australia)

- New york

- New York

- New York

- New York

- New York

- New York
- Geneva

.
47
.
48
.

Development (UNRISD)
World Food Programme (WFP)

- Rome (Italy)

Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO)

- Rome (Italy)

49 International Civil Aviation Organisation

.

(ICAO)

50 International Fund for Agricultural

.
51
.
52
.
53
.

Development (IFAD)

55
.
56
.

- Geneva

International Monetary Fund (IMF)

- Washington

International Telecommunication Union (ITU)

- Geneva

Cultural Organisation (UNESCO)

- Paris

Universal Postal Union (UPU)

- Berne (Switzerland)

World Health Organisation (WHO)

- Geneva

57 World Intellectual Property Organisation

.

- Rome

International Labour Orgsanisation (ILO)

54 United Nations Educational, Scientific and

.

- Montreal (Canada)

(WIPO)

- Geneva

58
.
59
.
60
.
61
.

World Meteorological Organisation (WMO)

- Geneva

Voluntary Service Overseas (VSO)

- London

Woman Aid International

- London

European Free Trade Association (EFTA)

- Geneva

62 Organisation of Arab Petroleum Exporting

.

Countries

63 Organisation of Economic Cooperation and

.
64
.

Development (OECD)
Organisation of Islamic Conference (OIC)

- Kuwait

- Paris

- Mecca

: : : TYPES OF TAXES IN INDIA : : :

TYPES OF TAXES IN INDIA

I. DIRECT TAXES :These types of taxes are directly imposed & paid to Government of India.
There has been a steady rise in the net Direct Tax collections in India over
the years, which is healthy signal. Direct taxes, which are imposed by the

Government of India, are:

(1) Income Tax :Income tax, this tax is mostly known to everyone. Every individual whose
total income exceeds taxable limit has to pay income tax based on
prevailing rates applicable time to time.
(2) Capital Gains Tax :Capital Gain tax as name suggests it is tax on gain in capital. If you sale
property, shares, bonds & precious material etc. and earn profit on it
within predefined time frame you are supposed to pay capital gain tax.
The capital gain is the difference between the money received from
selling the asset and the price paid for it.
(3) Securities Transaction Tax :A lot of people do not declare their profit and avoid paying capital gain
tax, as government can only tax those profits, which have been declared
by people. To fight with this situation Government has introduced STT
(Securities Transaction Tax ) which is applicable on every transaction done
at stock exchange. That means if you buy or sell equity shares, derivative
instruments, equity oriented Mutual Funds this tax is applicable.
(4) Perquisite Tax :Earlier to Perquisite Tax we had tax called FBT (Fringe Benefit Tax) which
was abolished in 2009, this tax is on benefit given by employer to
employee. E.g If your company provides you non-monetary benefits like
car with driver, club membership, ESOP etc. All this benefit is taxable
under perquisite Tax.
(5) Corporate Tax :-

Corporate Taxes are annual taxes payable on the income of a corporate

operating in India. For the purpose of taxation companies in India are
broadly classified into domestic companies and foreign companies.
II. INDIRECT TAXES :(6) Sales Tax :Sales tax charged on the sales of movable goods. Sale tax on Inter State
sale is charged by Union Government, while sales tax on intra-State sale
(sale within State) (now termed as VAT) is charged by State Government.
(7) Service Tax :Most of the paid services you take you have to pay service tax on those
services. This tax is called service tax. Over the past few years, service
tax been expanded to cover new services.
(8) Value Added Tax :The Sales Tax is the most important source of revenue of the state
governments; every state has their respective Sales Tax Act. The tax
rates are also different for respective states.
(9) Custom duty & Octroi (On Goods) :Custom Duty is a type of indirect tax charged on goods imported into
India. One has to pay this duty , on goods that are imported from a
foreign country into India. This duty is often payable at the port of entry
(like the airport). This duty rate varies based on nature of items.
(10) Excise Duty :An excise or excise duty is a type of tax charged on goods produced
within the country. This is opposite to custom duty which is charged on
bringing goods from outside of country. Another name of this tax is

CENVAT (Central Value Added Tax).

(11) Anti Dumping Duty :Dumping is said to occur when the goods are exported by a country to
another country at a price lower than its normal value. This is an unfair
trade practice which can have a distortive effect on international trade. In
order to rectify this situation Central Govt. imposes an anti dumping duty
not exceeding the margin of dumping in relation to such goods.
III. OTHER TAXES :(12) Professional Tax :If you are earning professional you need to pay professional tax.
Professional tax is imposed by respective Municipal Corporations. Most of
the States in India charge this tax.
(13) Dividend distribution Tax :Dividend distribution tax is the tax imposed by the Indian Government on
companies according to the dividend paid to a companys investors.
Dividend amount to investor is tax free. At present dividend distribution
tax is 15%.
(14) Municipal Tax :Municipal Corporation in every city imposed tax in terms of property tax.
Owner of every property has to pay this tax. This tax rate varies in every
city.
(15) Entertainment Tax :Tax is also applicable on Entertainment; this tax is imposed by state
government on every financial transaction that is related to
entertainment such as movie tickets, major commercial shows exhibition,

broadcasting service, DTH service and cable service.

(16) Stamp Duty, Registration Fees, Transfer Tax :- If you decide to
purchase property than in addition to cost paid to seller. You must
consider additional cost to transfer that property on your name.
(17) Education Cess , Surcharge :Education cess is deducted and used for Education of poor people in
INDIA. All taxes in India are subject to an education cess, which is 3% of
the total tax payable. The education cess is mainly applicable on Income
tax, excise duty and service tax.
(18) Gift Tax :If you receive gift from someone it is clubbed with your income and you
need to pay tax on it. This tax is called as gift tax.
(19) Wealth Tax :Wealth tax is a direct tax, which is charged on the net wealth of the
assessee. Wealth tax is chargeable in respect of Net wealth corresponding
to Valuation date.Net wealth means all assets less loans taken to acquire
those assets. Wealth tax is 1% on net wealth exceeding 30 Lakhs (Rs
3,000,000). So if you have more money, assets you are liable to pay tax.
(20) Toll Tax :At some of places you need to pay tax in order to use infrastructure (road,
bridge etc.) build from your money given to government as Tax. This tax
is called as toll tax. This tax amount is very small amount but, to be paid
for maintenance work and good up keeping.

POWER PLANTS IN INDIA

Nuclear power in India

Nuclear power is the fourth-largest source of electricity in India after
thermal, hydroelectric and renewable sources of electricity. As of 2012, India
has 20 nuclear reactors in operation in six nuclear power plants, generating
4,780 MW while seven other reactors are under construction and are expected
to generate an additional 5,300 MW. In October 2010, India drew up "an
ambitious plan to reach a nuclear power capacity of 63,000 MW in 2032", but,
after the 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster in Japan, "populations around
proposed Indian NPP sites have launched protests, raising questions about
atomic energy as a clean and safe alternative to fossil fuels". There have been
mass protests against the French-backed 9900 MW Jaitapur Nuclear Power
Project in Maharashtra and the Russian-backed 2000 MW Kudankulam Nuclear
Power Plant in Tamil Nadu. The state government of West Bengal state has also
refused permission to a proposed 6000 MW facility near the town of Haripur
that intended to host six Russian reactors.

Nuclear power plants

Currently, twenty nuclear power reactors produce 4,780.00 MW (2.9% of total
installed base)
Power station

State

Kaiga

Karnataka

Kakrapar

Gujarat

Kalpakkam

Tamil Nadu

Narora

Uttar Pradesh

Rawatbhata Kota Rajasthan

Tarapur

Maharashtra

Kudankulam

Tamil Nadu

The projects under construction

are:
Power station

State

Kalpakkam

Tamil Nadu

Kakrapar

Gujarat

Rawatbhata

Rajasthan

HYDRO POWER PLANTS :

1. Tehri Dam: on Bhagirathi River, Uttarakhand with Installed

capacity: 1,000 MW.
2. Bhakra nangal Dam: on Sutlej River, Punjab and Himachal Pradesh
with In stalled capacity: 1325 MW.
3. Hirakud Dam: On Mahanadi River, Orissa with the Installed
capacity: 307.5 MW.
4. Nagarjuna sagar Dam: on Krishna River, Andhra Pradesh with
Installed capacity: 816 MW.
5. Sardar Sarovar Dam: on Narmada River, Gujarat with Installed
capacity: 1,450 MW.
WIND POWER PLANTS :

Muppandal wind farm - Tamilnadu

Vankusawade Wind Park - Maharashtra
Vankusawade Wind Park - Karnataka
Madhya Pradesh Wind Farm - Madhya pradesh
Kanjikode Wind Farm - Kerala

THERMAL POWER PLANTS :

Vindyachal power plant - Madhya pradesh

Talcher power plant - Orissa

Ramagundam power plant - Andhra pradesh

Korba power plant - Chhattisgarh
Dadri power plant - UP
Singrauli power plant - MP
Farakka power plant - West Bengal

: : : REVOLUTIONS IN THE FIELD OF AGRICULTURE IN

INDIA : : :

Green Revolution in India

An increase in food production, especially in underdeveloped and
developing nations, through the introduction of high-yield crop varieties and
application of modern agricultural techniques. The introduction of highyielding varieties of seeds and the increased use of chemical fertilizers and
irrigation are known collectively as the Green Revolution, which provided the
increase in production needed to make India self-sufficient in food grains, thus
improving agriculture in India. High-yielding wheat was first introduced to
India in 1968 by American agronomist Norman Borlaug. Borlaug has been
hailed as the Father of the Green Revolution but M.S. Swaminathan is known
as the "Father of the Green Revolution in India". The methods adopted
included the use of high yielding varieties (HYV) of seeds.
The production of wheat has produced the best results in fueling selfsufficiency of India. Along with high yielding seeds and irrigation facilities, the

enthusiasm of farmers mobilized the idea of agricultural revolution and is also

credited to M. S. Swaminathan and his team had contributed towards the
success of green revolution. Due to the rise in use of chemical pesticides and
fertilizers there were many negative effects on the soil and the land such as
land degradation.
* Black Revolution - Petroleum Production : 1970
* Blue Revolution - Fish Production : 1960 Father of Blue revolution Prof
:Hiralal Chaudhuri.
* Brown Revolution - Leather/non-conventional/Cocoa production
* Golden Fiber Revolution - Jute Production
* Golden Revolution - Fruits/Overall Horticulture development/Honey
Production
* Green Revolution - Food grains : Father of Green Revolution M.S.
Swaminadhan.
* Grey Revolution - Fertilizer : 1964
* Pink Revolution - Onion production/Pharmaceutical/Prawn production
* Red Revolution - Meat & Tomato Production
* Round Revolution - Potato
* Silver Fiber Revolution - Cotton
* Silver Revolution - Egg/Poultry Productio
* White Revolution (In India: Operation Flood) - Milk/Dairy production : 1970
Father of White revolution Dr. Verghese Kurien
* Yellow Revolution - Oil Seeds production : Father of Yellow Revolution Sam

Pit Roda
* Evergreen Revolution - Overall development of Agriculture.

: : : SPORTS - TROPHIES - RELATED TERMS : : :

Sport

Trophies
Thomas Cup, Uber Cup, Narang Cup,

Badminto Agarwal Cup, Sudirman Cup,

n

Challenge Cup, Konica Cup,Yonex

Cup
Commissioners Trophy

Base ball

Warren C. Giles Trophy

William Harridge Trophy

Related Terms
Drop, Deuce, Smash, Love,
Double fault, Touch, Base
Line,Backcourt, Bird, Carry,
Clear, Center Line, Court,
Drive, Kill, Rally
Perfect game, Home,
Pitcher, Put out, Strike

Basket

B.C. Gupta Trophy, Todd Memorial

Block, Dribble,

ball

Trophy, William Jones Cup

Pivot,Dunk,Free throw

Billiards &
Snooker

Walker Trophy, Thomas Cup

Boxing

Federations Cup, Val Baker Trophy

Bridge

Holkar Cup, Rana Gold Cup

Cue, Canon, Long Jenny,

Short Jenny,. Frame In-off
Rounds, Knock Out, Jab,
Hook, Punch, Count Down
Rubber, Trump, Little Slam

Move, Checkmate, Knight,

Chess

Naidu Trophy, Khaitan Trophy

Pawn, FIDE, Gambit, Double

Check, Promotion,
Grandmaster,Attack

Deodar Trophy, Ranji Trophy, Vijay

Hazare Trophy, Ashes Trophy, Duleep
Cricket

Trophy, Titan Cup, Merchant Trophy,

Sahara Cup, C. K Nayadu Trophy
,Singer Cup, Wisden Trophy
Durand Cup, Merdica Cup, Santhosh
Trophy, Subratho Cup, Rovers Cup,

Foot Ball

Federation Cup/Fed Cup, Nehru Cup,

B.C. Roy Trophy, DCM Cup, Gold Cup,
Governor's Cup, Independence Day
Cup, Indira Gandhi Trophy,COPA Cup

Hat-trick, Maiden, Follow-on,

Gully, Yorker, Bouncer, Pull,
Googly, Hook Fick, Stumped,
Duck, LBW, Pitch

Goal, Corner-Kick, Free-Kick,

Red Card, Yellow Card, Foul,
Trapping, Heading, Penalty,
Pass, Forward, Dribble, Half,
Give and Go
Course, Links, Tee, Niblic,

Golf

Rider Cup, Walker Cup, Canada Cup

Hole, Eagle, Par, Put, Club,

Iron,Rough

Agakhan Cup, RangaSwamy Cup,

Centre, Penalty-Stroke, Sjick,

Muragappa Gold Cup, Dhyanchand

Push-in, Carry, Touch-line,

Trophy,Guru Nanak Cup

Penalty Box

Lawn

Australian Open, French Open,

Smash, Serve, Set, Deuce,

Tennis

Wimbledon Open, US Open, Davis

Ace, Slice, Backhand,

Hockey

Cup, Hopman Cup

Table
Tennis

Corbillion Cup, Uthant Cup

Forehand, Grand-Slam, Love,

Lab
Smash, Drop, Deuce, Spin,
Let, Service