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1.NATIONAL INCOME
NOTE
* National income first time coined by -- Dadabai nauarji -- 1868
* First time scientific national income calcuated by -- V.K.R.V.Rao - 1931
a. National income is a flow not a stock concept
b. In india ,national income estimates are realted with financial year (1st april to 31st march)
c. GNP (Gross national product) - GNP refers to the money value of total output or
production of final goods and service produced by the national income during a given period
,i.e a year
GNP = GDP +(X-M)
* X= export GDP = Gross domestic product M= import
* If export = import or X=M
then GNP = GDP and it is a condition for a closed economy X=M=0
d. GDP(Gross domestic product) - It is the total money value of all goods and service
produced with in the geographical boundaries of the country during a given year
GDP = GNP -(X-M)*
e. NNP net national income _ NNP is obtained by substracting depreciation value from GNP
NNP = GNP - depreciation*
When NNP is obtained at factor cost , it is known as national income
f. NATIONAL INCOME (NI)-- National income is calculated by substracting the net indirect
taxes form NNP at market prices
g. NNP at Factor cost or NI -- NNP at Market prices - indirect taxes + subsidies
h. NNP at Market prices -- NNP at fator cost + indirect taxes - subsidies
i. GNP at Market prices -- GDP at market prices + NET factor income earned from abroad
j. NNP at Market prices -- GNP at market prices - consumption of fixed capital
k. Per capital income _N.I.at constant prices / population*National income estmates by
various departments & established as per time sense
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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2.INFLATION
"General increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money"
at the time of inflation
National income > Economy
Demand > Supply
Buyers > Sellers
Moneysupply > Goods & Services
* Note _ It is opposite applicable to Deflation
inflation gap _ short term as well as long term
Deflation gap _ short term as well as long term gap
* Short term _ Will boost for both buyers , sellers benefits for short term inflation
Long term -- faces more problem
Inflation measurement _
* It was measured by ministry of statictics and program implementation --CSO
RATES
0-3% -- Creeping infaltion
3-7% -- Walking inflation
7-9% -- Running inflation
>10% -- Hyper infaltion
*NOTE _ 4% of infaltion called -- comfort zone inflation(CZI)*
Methods to measure inflation
1. METHOD - 1
CPI & WPI -- CPI -- Basket of 576 items __ average of consumer goods
WPI -- Basket of 678 items _ Average of consumer goods + capital goods
2. METHOD - 2
Comparison method or base year method -- comparing the present goods value with the base
year value goods
3. METHOD - 3
Inflation rate method :
(Pin)- (Pin-1)/(PIN-1)
-->(Pin-1)-- previous year (2014-15)--100 value
--> Pin -- present year (2015-16)--200 value
200-100/100*100-- 100% raise
Deflation--is a decrease in the general price level of goods and services.
Disflation--is a decrease in the rate of inflation a slowdown in the rate of increase of the
general price level of goods and services in a nation's gross domestic product over time
Reflation-- is the act of stimulating the economy by increasing the money supply or by
reducing taxes, seeking to bring the economy,back up to the long-term trend
Stag flation-- is a situation in which the inflation rate is high, the economic growth rate slows
down, and unemployment remains steadily high.
Depression --is a sustained, long-term downturn in economic activity in one or more
economies
Recession--temporary economic decline during which trade and industrial activity are
reduced, generally identified by a fall in GDP in two successive
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Cost-push Inflation- General prices of goods and services in the economy rises due to an
increase in production cost. Such types of Inflation are caused by three factors (i) an increase
in wages, (ii) an increase in profit and (iii) imposition of heavy tax.
Demand- pull inflation -The most common cause of inflation is the pressure of ever-rising
demand on a less rapidly increasing supply of goods and services. The expansion in aggregate
demand may be the result of rapidly increasing private investment and/or spending
government money for war or for economic development.
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SAVING ------NO
CURRENT--- no time period
RECURRING-- 6 months , 10 years
FIXED -- 7DAYS / NOW 14 DAYS -- 10 YEARS
FLEXI --6 months upto a maximum of 5 years.
5. NPAs__ 90 DAYS
BAD LOANS
Customer does not pay re installments/ repayments called as NPAs
upto --90 days -- overdue NPAs
90 days --1 year -- Substandard NPA
1 year -- 3 years -- Doubtful NPA
>> 3 Years -- confirmed NPA/Bad debt NPA
6. GOVT Securities
3. Agriculture
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Short term credit limit is fixed for the first year depending upon the crops cultivated as per
proposed cropping pattern & scale of finance
post-harvest/ household / consumption requirements
Maintenance expenses of farm assets, crop insurance, Personal Accident Insurance Scheme
(PAIS) and Asset insurance.
For every successive years (2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th year), the limit will be stepped up
@10%.(short term credit limit sanctioned for 5th year will be about 150% of the first year
limit allowed to farmers).
Investment credit requirement of small value in the nature of farm implements/
equipments etc (like sprayer, plough etc.,) and repayable within a period of one year will
be included while fixing KCC limit (This portion of the credit will not be included for
automatic step up during 2nd year to 5th year but credit requirement for this portion in
each year will be reckoned for arriving at the maximum drawal limit for the respective
year).
The short term loan limit arrived for the 5th year as in (iv) plus estimated investment loan
requirement as in (v) (highest among the five years) above will be the Maximum
Permissible Limit (MPL) and sanctioned as the Kisan Credit Card Limit.
Short term loan limit assessed for the first year or for the 2nd to 5th year plus the
estimated investment credit limit required, as in (iv) and (v) above, will be the Maximum
Drawal Limit (MDL) allowed in the account, for the particular year.
KCC borrowers shall be issued an ATM cum Debit card to enable them to withdraw from
KCC accounts from ATMs and PoS terminals.
KCC will be in the nature of revolving account. Credit balance in the account, if any, to
fetch interest at Savings bank rate.
Processing charges waived for KCC limit up to Rs.3 lacs.
Collateral security is waived for
a. limit of up to Rs.1 lac
b. limit up to Rs.3 lacs for loans with tie-up arrangement for recovery.
KCC accounts should be renewed annually, well before the above due dates, every year to
continue the limit during the KCC validity period of 5 years. Branches shall, therefore,
ensure to obtain revival letters before expiry of 3 years wherever applicable, as per the
Limitation Act.
For the purpose of renewal, branches should obtain a simple declaration as per the extant
guidelines (about crops raised/ proposed to raise) from the borrowers. The assessment of
revised MDL requirement of the KCC borrower will be made based on proposed cropping
pattern and area declared by him.
Eligible crops shall be covered under Crop Insurance Scheme - National Agricultural
Insurance Scheme (NAIS)
Disbursement of the Loan--As per the cultivation requirements of the crop, the loan will
be disbursed in cash.
Repayment
Kharif (mono) --(1st April to 30th September) - 31st Jan
Rabi crop (mono)--(1st October to 31st March) - 31st July
Double /Multiple Crops--(Kharif & Rabi seasons) - 31st July
Long term Crops--(All round the year) - 12 months (from the date of first disbursement)
Borrowers are required to route their farm proceeds or other credits into the KCC
account, with a minimum of loan amount plus interest and other charges, if any, within the
repayment due date.
TYPES OF REVOULTIONS IN AGRICULTURE
Black Revolution Petroleum Production
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4.INDUSTRIES
INDUSTRIAL SECTOR COMPRISES OF -manufactruing,infrastructure,construction gas&electricity, watersupply, engineering, automobiles,
textile production, ship buliding, cement.
Industrial sector has important role in the economic growth and development
Industrlisation leads to an increase in the per capita income.
Increase employement to new skilled labour.
Diversified production base.
It provides infrastrcuture facilities like railways , power generation , also helps in earning
foreign exchange reserves.
New industry policy -1991
To maintian sustainbailty growth
To enhance gainful employment
To achieve optimum utilisation of human resources
To attain international competativeness
To transform india into a major partner and players in the global areas
Maharatna CPSEs_
1. Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited
2. Coal India Limited
3. GAIL (India) Limited
4. Indian Oil Corporation Limited
5. NTPC Limited
6. Oil & Natural Gas Corporation Limited
7. Steel Authority of India Limited
Navratna CPSEs
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5. Money
The concept of money belongs to the demand since buyers having demand.
money came from word " JUNTO MANTO "-- Roman
* money should be minted in proportional to goods
if MS > GS ( money supply grater than goods supply prices leads inflation
Money market
Money refers to the mechanism where by borrowers manage to obtian shortterm loanable funds
on the one hand and lenders succed in getting credit worthy borrowers for their money on the
other .
Money market basic things
BUYERS > SELLERS
DEMAND > SUPPLY
Nature of money
Nature of money in the economic system available in the form of .
Buyers , popluation , demand , money supply , national income , aggregate demand
Money supply in india maninly consitutue with
RBI + GOI + BANKS
RBI -- has capability to printing currency -- through legal tender method
GOI-- lower money printed by minister of finance
BANKS-- they are supply agency , and having velocity power since they having capacity
having deposit money
DEFECIT FINANCE -- "Minting of currency beyond the limit is named as defecit currecny "
Money evalution
1.Barter system -- exchange the items
2.Goods as money -- echange of goods w.r.t to money .. sheeps , cloths , dice , elephant tusk
3.Metal as money -- coins , gold ,silver ,copper, nickel alloy metal money
paper currency -- paper currency that is circulated for transaction-related purposes. The printing
of paper money is typically regulated by a country's central bank/treasury in order to keep the
flow of money in line with monetary policy.
concept of money
Hot money ---Money which swifts from one country to another country in order to upgrade
itself is called as hot money
FIAT MONEY -- Fiat money is money that can be used as tender but does not have a physical
commodity, such as gold or silver, linked to it.
*extrinsic value > intrinsic value
NEAR MONEY
Assets which can readily be converted into cash, such as bills of exchange.
CALL MONEY
Money loaned by a bank or other institution which is repayable on demand.
DEAR MONEY or tight money
A situation in which money or loans are very difficult to obtain in a given country. If you do have
the opportunity to secure a loan, then interest rates are usually extremely high
CHEAP MONEY--loan or credit with a low interest rate, or the setting of low interest rates by a
central bank
Cheap money is good for borrowers, but bad for investors,
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who will see the same low interest rates on investments like savings accounts, money
market funds, CDs and bonds
PRECAUTIONARY MONEY
Unexpected financial crisis economic situation , keep people to save gold with themselves called
as precautionary money
NETRUAL MONEY
If an economy is having , the capacity to maintian steady price for longer period , named as
netrual money
GS == MS ( goods suppy = money supply)
DEPOSIT MONEY
The money which is maintianed by the banks named as deposit money also calleda s creadit
agencies
*example -- DFIs, commerical banks , coperatives , RRBs , NBFCs
SMART MONEY
The process by which experienced investors and traders who tend to evaluate and find investment
opportunities before anyone is known
credit cards , debit card, cash card
PLASTIC MONEY--Plastic money is a term that is used predominantly in reference to the hard
plastic cards we use everyday in place of actual bank notes. They can come in many different
forms such as cash cards, credit cards, debit cards, pre-paid cash cards and store cards.
RESERVE MONEY
It is a measure of money multiplier. Money multiplier shows the mechanism by which reserve
money creates money supply in the economy. It is again dependent on two variables, namely
currency deposit ratio and reserve deposit ratio.
STANDARD MONEY
Monetary unit which is designated by a government to serve as the basis of its currency system
and into which other types of money in the country are convertible& compare standard of value.
intrinsic value = extrinsic value
INDIA COINAGE ACT -- FOR printing of coins
Indian coinage age act -- 1906
Indian coinage age act -- 1957
Indian coinage age act -- 2011
INDIAN COINAGE ACT -2011 was passed by the loksabha on march 25 , 2011
the bill amalgamte th efollowing 4 acts and one ordiance
1. The indian coinage act - 1906
2. The small coins (offence ) act -1971
3. The metal token act -1889
4. The bronze coin (legal tender ) act -1918
5. The cuurency ordiance act -- 1940
MINIMUM RESERVE SYSTEM
Currency with the Public:
In order to arrive at the total currency with the public in India we add the following items:
1. Currency notes in circulation issued by the Reserve Bank of India.
2. The number of rupee notes and coins in circulation.
3. Small coins in circulation.
i. It is worth noting that cash reserves with the banks have to be deducted from the value of the
above three items of currency in order to arrive at the total currency with the public. This is
because cash reserves with the banks must remain with them and cannot therefore be used
for making pay-ments for goods or by any commercial banks transactions.
ii. It may further be noted that these days paper currency issued by Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
are not fully backed by the reserves of gold and silver, nor it is considered necessary to do so.
Full backing of paper currency by reserves of gold prevailed in the past when gold standard or
silver standard type of monetary system existed.
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6. Banking
Banking is the base for 2 sector model of indian economy
Economic vehicle = GDS( gross domestic savings ) + GDI ( gross domestic investments)
Economic vehicle is balanced by -- banking
under the indian money market the RBI occupies the central position because it regulates and
controls the credit supply of the country . indian money market divided into 2 parts
1.Organised sector
2.Unorganised sector
Organised sector includes = state bank of india + associates + 19 nationalised banks + RRBs +
cooperative banks + NGOs + other banks
unorganised sector includes _ money lenders + indigenous bankers
Reserve bank of india
Establishment
The Reserve Bank of India was established on April 1, 1935 in accordance with the
provisions of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934.
The Central Office of the Reserve Bank was initially established in Calcutta but was
permanently moved to Mumbai in 1937.
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Though originally privately owned, since nationalisation in 1949, the Reserve Bank is fully
owned by the Government of India.
The Reserve Bank's affairs are governed by a central board of directors. The board is
appointed by the Government of India in keeping with the Reserve Bank of India Act.
Appointed/nominated for a period of four years Constitution:
Official Directors_Full-time : Governor and not more than four Deputy Governors
Governor--Dr. Raghuram Rajan*
Deputy Governor_
1. Shri H.R. Khan
2. Dr. Urjit R. Patel
3. Shri R. Gandhi
4. Shri S. S. Mundra
Non-Official Directors -- 11 total recently added = rajiv mehrishi + hasmukh adhia
Nominated by Government: ten Directors from various fields and one government Official
Others: four Directors - one each from four local board
Financial Supervision
The Reserve Bank of India performs this function under the guidance of the Board for Financial
Supervision (BFS). The Board was constituted in November 1994 as a committee of the Central
Board of Directors of the Reserve Bank of India.
Objective
Primary objective of BFS is to undertake consolidated supervision of the financial sector
comprising commercial banks, financial institutions and non-banking finance companies.
Constitution
The Board is constituted by co-opting four Directors from the Central Board as members for a
term of two years and is chaired by the Governor. The Deputy Governors of the Reserve Bank are
ex-officio members. One Deputy Governor, usually, the Deputy Governor in charge of banking
regulation and supervision, is nominated as the Vice-Chairman of the Board.
Some of the initiatives taken by BFS include:
Restructuring of the system of bank inspections
Introduction of off-site surveillance,
Strengthening of the role of statutory auditors and
Strengthening of the internal defences of supervised institutions.
The Audit Sub-committee of BFS has reviewed the current system of concurrent audit,
norms of empanelment and appointment of statutory auditors, the quality and coverage of
statutory audit reports, and the important issue of greater transparency and disclosure in
the published accounts of supervised institutions.
Current Focus
Supervision of financial institutions
Consolidated accounting
Legal issues in bank frauds
Divergence in assessments of non-performing assets and
Supervisory rating model for banks.
Legal Framework
I. Acts administered by Reserve Bank of India
1. Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934
2. Public Debt Act, 1944/Government Securities Act, 2006
3. Government Securities Regulations, 2007
4. Banking Regulation Act, 1949
5. Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999
6. Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest
Act, 2002 (Chapter II)
7. Credit Information Companies(Regulation) Act, 2005
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PAID UP CAPITAL
1. New bank license --500 crores
2. Private banks --500
3. Foreign bank -500 crores
4. Urban cooperative banks --100 crores
5. State cooperative banks --100 crores
6. Small bank & payment banks --100 crores
7. NABARD -- 500 crores
8. EXIM bank -- 8500 crores
9. SIDBI -- 1000 Crores
10. Authorised Regional Rural Bank--2000 crores
11. MUDRA BANK --20000 crore (Intial corpus --3000 crores ) (paid up capital --750 crores)
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7.Budget
The budget process in India, like in most other countries, comprises of__
Four Phases
1) Budget Formulation- Preparation of estimates of expenditure and receipts for the ensuing
financial year;
2) Budget Enactment- Approval of the proposed Budget by the Legislature through the
enactment of Finance Bill and Appropriation Bill;
3)Budget Execution- Enforcement of the provisions in the Finance Act and Appropriation Act by
the governmentcollection of receipts and making disbursements for various services as
approved by the Legislature;
4) Legislative Review of Budget Implementation- Audits of governments financial operations
on behalf of the Legislature.
Drafting commences in August- September
By convention, the Union Budget for next financial year is presented in Lok Sabha by the Finance
Minister on the last working day of February. However, the process of budget formulation starts in
the last week of August or the first fortnight of September. To get the process started, the Budget
Division in the Department of Economic Affairsunder the Ministry of Finance issues the annual
budget circular to all the Union government ministries/departments around August- September.
The Circular contains detailed instructions for these ministries/ departments on the form and
content of the statement of budget estimates to be prepared by them.
Three kinds of figures in a Budget
The ministries are required to provide three different kinds of figures relating to their expenditures
and receipts during this process of budget preparation.
These are:
Budget Estimates (BE)
Revised Estimates (RE)
Actual
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RevenueReceipts comprise proceeds of Taxes (like, Income Tax, Corporation Tax, Customs,
Excise, Service Tax, etc.)
Non-tax revenue of the government (like, Interest receipts, Fees/ User Charges, and
Dividend & Profits from PSUs).
Government Revenue through Taxation:
It can be divided into Direct Taxes and Indirect Taxes.
Debt and Deficit:
Debt is a kind of receipt that necessarily leads to an increase of the governments liabilities.
The government incurs a Debt only for meeting the gap created by excess of its
expenditure over its receipts for that year, which is called Deficit.
Fiscal Deficit:
It is the gap between thegovernments total Expenditure(including loans net of
repayments)and its Total Receipts (excludingnew debt to be taken). Thus FiscalDeficit for a
year indicates the borrowing to be made by thegovernment that year.
Revenue Deficit:
The gap between Total RevenueExpenditure of the Governmentand its Total Revenue
Receipts iscalled the Revenue Deficit.
Distribution of financial resources between the Centre and the States:
A Finance Commission is setup every five years to recommend measures for sharing of
resources between the Centre and the States, mainly pertaining to the Tax Revenue
collected by the Central Government.
Presently the recommendations made by the 14th Finance Commission are in effect (from
2014-14 to 2019-2020), whereby 42 percent of the shareable/divisible pool of Central tax
revenue is transferred to States every year and the Centre retains the remaining amount
for the Union Budget.
Direct Taxes
Tax-GDP Ratio:
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is an indicator of the size of a countrys economy. In order
to assess the extent of governments policy interventions in the economy, some of the
important fiscal parameters, like, total expenditure by the government, tax revenue, deficit
etc. are expressed as a proportion of the GDP.
Accordingly, a countrys Tax to GDP ratio helps us understand how much tax revenue is
being collected by the government as compared to the overall size of the economy.
A higher tax to GDP ratio in a country is a positive sign meaning that the government is
collecting a decent amount of tax revenue as compared to the size of its economy.
8.TAXIATION
Direct Taxes:
Those taxes forwhich the tax-burden cannot beshifted are called Direct Taxes.
Examples of are:
(A)Corporation Tax:
This is a tax levied on the income of registered companies in thecountry, whether national
or foreign, under the Income Tax Act, 1961.
(B) Personal Income tax:
This is a tax on the income of individuals, firms etc. Other than Companies, under
theIncome Tax Act, 1961. This head also includes other Taxes, mainly the
SecuritiesTransaction Tax, which is levied on transaction in listed securities undertaken on
stock exchanges and in units of mutual funds.
(C) Wealth Tax- This is a tax leviedon the benefits derived fromthe ownership of property,
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9. FOREIGN TRADE
Balance of payment -The balance of payments (BOP) of a country is the record of all
economic transactions between the residents of a country and the rest of the world in a
particular period (over a quarter of a year or more commonly over a year). These
transactions are made by individuals, firms and government bodies.
Balance of trade--The difference between the monetary value of exports and imports of
output in an economy over a certain period, measured in the currency of that economy. It
is the relationship between a nation's imports and exports.
Trade surplus - A positive balance is known as a trade surplus if it consists of exporting
more than is imported
Trade gap a negative balance is referred to as a trade deficit or, informally, a trade gap
Current Account Deficit(CAD) It is the difference between exports and imports of goods
and services as well as the transfer on invisibles. It signifies saving investment gap.
Free on Board: A term given to the system of paying for goods shipped from or to
another country when the amount is sufficient only to cover the value of the good and
excludes insurance and frights.
Quantitative Restrictions: The quantitative limits placed on the importation of specified
commodities. For protection, the quota is more certain then a tariff in its effects on the
quantity of imports.
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Counter Trade: It is exchange in goods and services that are paid for other goods and
service. i.e. Barter System, Switch Trading, Buy Bank, Off set.
Social Dumping: It is a practice of exporting goods form a country where the labours are
suppressed and labour court is low in order to compete international market.
Appreciation: When the value of currency rises with respect to another currency is said to
have appreciated. It also indicates the increase in value of an asset.
Countervailing Tax: It is the duty imposed to raise the price of imported c commodity so
that it becomes higher than the price of domestic goods. It is also known as outervailing
measure.
Debt Service Ratio: The Ratio of interest and principal payments on debt as a proportion
of the countrys total export for a particular year in called debt service ratio. DSR =
Interest + Principal/Export.
Visible Balance: The balance of payments in visible trade (imports and exports).
FEMA: Foreign Exchange Management Act was introduced in July 1998 in the Parliament to
repeal FERA 1973. Under FEMA, 1999 provisions related to foreign exchange have been
modified and liberalized so as to simplify foreign trend and payments.
Crawling Peg: When small exchange adjustments in external value of currency of a
country is made to rectify and under or over valuation of the home currency in terms of a
given foreign currency, it may be called crawling peg.
Currency Board: The exchange rate is fixed, with institutional constraints on monetary
policy. The monetary authority can only issue domestic money when it is fully backed by
inflows on foreign exchange.
Devaluation: In a fixed exchange rate system, when the country has decided to reduce
the value of its currency in comparison with foreign currency. India devalued its currency in
the past. It increase exports and reduces imports.
Hard Currency: It refers to the currency of an industrialized country which has general
convertibility.
Soft Currency: A currency with limited convertibility into gold and other currencies either
because it is of depreciating due to balance of payment, deficit or because cannot have
been placed on it.
Exim Bank: It is established for financing, facilitating and promoting foreign trade in India.
Duty Drawback Scheme: It is a scheme in which exporter are allowed to drawback the
duties (customs duty, service tax. etc) as a part of an incentive to increase exports.
EPCG Scheme: It is Export Promotion Capital Goods (EPCG) scheme, where in capital
goods is imposed 5% rate for export purpose. If the capital is imported for agriculture
exports then it is zero percent (0%).
Agri Export Zone: It was setup in EXIM policy 2001-02 for encouraging exports of specific
agriculture products from geographically identified areas.
Custom Union: More advanced level of economic integration than the free trade area. It
not only eliminates all restrictions on trade among members but also adopts a uniform
commercial policy against the non-members.
Mercosur: A customs union of Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. In 1996, Bolivia
and Chile became associate members.
de minimis support under WTO: It is a support given by government, which does not
fall under green, blue, amber box subsidies. They are subject to reduction under WTO.
Amber Box: It comprises all forms of domestic support deemed to be trade distorting,
primarily by encouraging excessive production. A market price support mechanism that set
no product limit.
GATS: General Agreement of Trade in Services
TRIPS: Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights
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10.Economic Survey-Highlights
chapter-1 : Economic Outlook, Prospects, and Policy Challenges
India has reached a sweet spot rare in the history of nations in which it could be
launched on a double digit medium-term growth trajectory which would allow the country
to attain the fundamental objectives of wiping every tear from every eye.
The macro-economy has been rendered more stable, reforms have been launched,
deceleration in growth has ended and the economy appears to be recovering.
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In the coming year, the real GDP growth at market prices is estimated to be about 0.6-1.1
percentage points higher vis--vis 2014-15. Using the new estimate for 2014-15 as the
base, growth at market prices is expected at 8.1-8.5 percent in 2015-16.
The budget should continue the process of fiscal consolidation. Overall revenueto-GDP ratio
for 2014 as estimated at 19.5 percent by the IMF, needs to move toward levels in
comparator countries estimated at 25 percent for emerging Asian economies and 29
percent for the emerging market countries in the G-20.
To provide legal certainty and confidence to investors, the ordinances on coal, insurance,
and land need to be translated into legislation.
The constitutional amendment bill to implement the goods and services tax (GST) needs to
be enshrined in legislation.
The government and the RBI need to conclude the monetary policy framework agreement
to consolidate the recent gains in inflation control and codify into aninstitutional
arrangement.
Reforms of labor and land laws and reducing the costs of doing business will need to be a
joint endeavor of the states and center.
The economy is likely to over-perform on the RBIs inflation target by about 0.5- 1.0
percentage point, opening up the space for further monetary policy easing.
The outlook is favorable for the current account and its financing. However, risks from a
shift in US monetary policy and turmoil in the Eurozone need to be watched.
Successful implementation of the far-reaching changes for sharing of revenues between the
Center and the States as recommended by the Fourteenth Finance Commission will
advance the cause of cooperative federalism.
The time is ripe for a more broad-based response to the challenges in agriculture and to
ensure that agriculture grows at about 4 percent on a sustained basis.
To ensure fiscal credibility, and consistency with the medium-term goals, the upcoming
budget should initiate the process of expenditure control to reduce both the fiscal and
revenue deficits.
Cash-based transfers based on the JAM number trinity Jan Dhan, Aadhaar,
Mobile offer exciting possibilities to effectively target public resources to those who need
it most.
Private investment must remain the main engine of long-run growth. But in the short to
medium term public investment especially by the railways, will have to play a catalytic role.
Banking is hobbled by policy, which creates double financial repression and impedes
competition. The solution lies in a four-fold policy respons capture in 4 Ds: deregulate,
differentiate, diversify, and disinter.
The Prime Ministers Skill India objective should be accorded high priority along with, and
indeed in order to realize, Make in India.
An intervention that can be immediately implemented is to eliminate the current negative
protection facing Indian manufacturing.
The trading environment is becoming more challenging as the buoyancy of Indian exports
has declined.
India has taken a number of green actions. It can make a positive contribution to the
forthcoming Paris negotiations on climate change.
Improving the status and treatment of women is a major development challenge.
Family planning targets and the provision of incentives are leading to an undesirable focus
on female sterilization. Family planning program should align with reproductive health
rights of women.
Successful implementation of the far-reaching changes for sharing of revenues between the
Center and the States as recommended by the 14th Finance Commission will advance the
cause of cooperative federalism.
Chapter -2 : Fiscal Framework
India must meet its medium-term fiscal deficit target of 3 percent of GDP. This will provide
the fiscal space to insure against future shocks.
India must also reverse the trajectory of recent years and move towards the
golden rule of eliminating the revenue deficit and ensuring that, over the cycle,borrowing
is only for capital formation.
The way to achieve this objective should be based on firm control over
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Greater public investment in the railways would boost aggregate growth and the
competitiveness of Indian manufacturing substantially. In the long run, the
railways
must be commercially viable.
Chapter -7 : What to Make in India? Manufacturing or Services?
It is registered manufacturing, not manufacturing in general, which has the potential for
structural transformation. It is characterized by unconditional domestic convergence.
States and firms within India are converging to the Indian frontier but that could mean
little unless they are also converging to the international manufacturing frontier.
The talk on the transformational potential of manufacturing in India must focus on unskilled
registered manufacturing.
Sustaining a skill-intensive pattern would require a greater focus on education and skills
development.
Chapter -8 : A National Market for Agricultural Commodities Some Issues and the Way
Forward
The provisions of the Model APMC Act do not go far enough to create a national or even
state-level common market for agricultural commodities.
The 2014 budget recognizes the need for setting up a national market and stated that the
central government will work closely with the state governments to reorient their
respective APMC Acts to provide for the establishment of private market yards/private
markets.
More steps may have to be taken and incremental moves may need to be considered to
get the states on board. For example, first it may be possible to get all the states to drop
fruits and vegetables from the APMC schedule of regulated commodities, followed by
cereals, pulse and oil seeds, and then all remaining commodities.
State governments should also be specifically persuaded to provide policy
support for setting up infrastructure, making available land etc. for alternative or special
markets in private sector.
Chapter -9 : From Carbon Subsidy to Carbon Tax: Indias Green Actions
The recent steep decline in international oil prices is seen by many as an
opportunity to rationalize the energy prices by getting rid of the distorting subsidies whilst
shifting taxes towards carbon use.
India has cut subsidies and increased taxes on fossil fuels turning a carbon subsidy regime
into one of carbon taxation.
The move to substantial carbon taxation combined with Indias ambitious solar power
program suggests that India can make substantial contributions to the forthcoming Paris
negotiations on climate change.
Chapter -10 : The Fourteenth Finance Commission implications for Fiscal Federalism in
India
The FFC has radically enhanced the share of the states in the central divisible pool from the
current 32 percent to 42 percent.
The FFC has also proposed a new horizontal formula for the distribution of the states share
in divisible pool among the states.
The recommendations will move the country toward greater fiscal federalism,conferring
more fiscal autonomy on the states.
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1. RBI NEWS
Policy Repo Rate 7.25%
Reverse Repo Rate 6.25%
Marginal Standing Facility Rate 8.25%
Bank Rate 8.25%
CRR 4%
SLR 21.5%
Highlights of RBIs 2nd Bi-Monthly Monetary Policy
Shortterm lending rate (repo) cut by 0.25 per cent to 7.25 per cent
To review the existing policy of financial inclusion including supportive payment system
and customer protection framework taking into account the recommendations made by
various committees set up earlier.
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Other two AMCs are: Authorised Dealers Category - II (ADs CategoryII) and Full Fledged
Money Changers (FFMCs).
At present 102 entities are recognised as AD CategoryI Banks including State Bank of
India, Canara Bank and Axis Bank Ltd.
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) on 25 June 2015 released the Financial Stability Report
(FSR) June 2015. It is the eleventh issue of its half yearly publication. The FSR reflected
the collective assessment of the Sub-Committee of the Financial Stability and Development
Council (FSDC) on risks to financial stability, as also the resilience of the financial system.
Besides, the report discussed issues relating to development and regulation of the financial
sector.
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) on 9 July 2015 released the final guidelines on Prepaid
Payment Instruments for Mass Transit System (PPI-MTS). The issued guidelines enable the
issuance of a separate category of semi-closed prepaid payment instruments for mass
transit systems. The PPI-MTS will enhance commuter convenience and will also facilitate
the migration to electronic payments in line with the countrys vision of moving to a lesscash society. The PPI-MTS can be used within the mass transit systems and will have a
minimum validity of six months from date of issue. Such PPIs will be reloadable
instruments subject to an outstanding limit of 2000 rupees at any point of time.
Micro-finance institution Bandhan Financial Services, which got the final licence from
Reserve Bank of India to start universal banking, would formally start operations as a
banker from August 23.
United Bank of India has topped the list of public sector lenders with maximum bad loans
including restructured assets as a percentage of total advances. According to the data
provided by the RBI to the Finance Ministry, United Bank of India's 21.5 per cent assets are
either bad or have been restructured to save them from turning non-performing assets
(NPAs).
India's National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI), which runs the RuPay payment card
network, has received the Reserve Bank of India's approval to tie up with the Chinese
government-supported payment card network China UnionPay International.
The Reserve Bank of India extended the time-frame to spread over the shortfall arising out
of sale of bad assets to securitisation companies/asset reconstruction companies at a price
below the net book value, to March 2016.
The Reserve Bank has entered into an MoU with the Central Bank of Seychelles (CBS) on
exchange of information and mutual assistance in the banking sector supervision.
RBI has issued draft guidelines on mobility cards that will allow you to travel without cash
in metros, buses and taxis carrying prepaid cards with value up to Rs. 2,000
In a bid to boost prepaid payment instruments (PPIs) for commuting, RBI has introduced a
new category of prepaid payment instruments that will be issued by the mass transit
operators (such as metro or road transport).
The Reserve Bank of India on 28 May 2015 released the Draft Guidelines on Net Stable
Funding Ratio (NSFR) under Basel III Framework on Liquidity Standards for banks. The
Reserve Bank proposed to make NSFR applicable to all banks in India from 1 January 2018.
The objective of NSFR is to ensure that banks maintain a stable funding profile in relation
to their assets and off-balance sheet activities. Net Stable Funding Ratio (NSFR) is defined
as the amount of available stable funding relative to the amount of required stable funding.
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UnionPay International
Chinese tourists and people working in India may soon be able to use automated teller machines
(ATMs) and point of sale (PoS) terminals in the country to withdraw cash in the Indian currency.
The National Payments Corporation of India(NPCI),an agency backed by the Reserve Bank of
India (RBI) that processes retail transactions in India, has signed an agreement with UnionPay
International, its counterpart from China, to allow Chinese customers to use ATMs and PoS
terminals in India.
The Reserve bank of India(RBI) on 21 May relaxed rules for Indian companies to raise money
in rupees from overseas lenders. The overseas lenders will have to enter into currency swap
transactions with their overseas banks, who in turn will provide rupees by tapping a bank in India
for extending funds in rupees to the corporate.
Liberalised remittances scheme
The govt has issued rules to raise limit on funds individuals can take abroad under liberalised
remittances scheme. The limit has been raised to $2.5 lakh (about `1.6 cr) from the current
$1.25 lakh (about `80 lakh). The RBI had announced this increase in the Feb monetary policy.
Jan Dhan Yojana envisages
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Japan unveiled
Japan unveiled a plan on 21 May to provide $110 bn in aid for Asian infrastructure projects, as
China prepares to launch a new institutional lender that is seen as encroaching on the regional
financial clout of Tokyo and its ally Washington.
point of sales (PoS) terminals
To reduce cash transactions in the economy and boost the usage of cards and point of sales (PoS)
terminals, the Union finance ministry and Reserve Bank of India (RBI) have set up a committee to
look at ways to encourage use of plastic money. The committee has representatives from National
Payments Corporation of India, State Bank of India and ICICI Bank.
worlds first facial-recognition ATM
China has unveiled the worlds first facial-recognition ATM, which will not allow users to withdraw
cash unless their face matches their IDs. The machine was created by Tsinghua University and
Hangzhou-based technology company Tzekwan.
Kotak Mahindra Bank and ING Bank
have joined hands for exploring opportunities arising from cross-border business, investment and
trade flows across various regions, including Europe. A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to
this effect was signed in the presence of the visiting Netherlands PM Mark Rutte to India on 5 Jun.
benchmark index Sensex
The private sector electricity producer Tata Power moved out of the stock market benchmark
index Sensex and was replaced by pharmaceuticals company Lupin. Adani Power is to be excluded
from the S&P BSE 100 and be replaced by Aurobindo Pharma. In addition, Tata Motors. class A
shares or DVR shares will also be included in BSE 100. Asias oldest exchange also removed
Canara Bank and Bank of India from the Bankex, and replaced 26 companies from the BSE 500
index by introducing 27 stocks as part of their index rebalancing.
The Forward Markets Commission
(FMC) will have to complete all pending investigations before its merger with the securities market
regulator, Securities and Exchange Board of India (Sebi). This is one of the key conditions put by
Sebi, working to ensure a smooth transition from being a stock market regulator to one for
commodities, too. The commodities regulator is being merged with Sebi following an
announcement in the Union budget in Feb.
MAY
UCBs eye NextGen tag with credit cards
By allowing Urban Co-operative Banks (UCBs) to issue credit cards, RBI has allowed new avenue
to traditional banks to emerge as NextGen banks. Dr. Raghuram Rajan, Governor,RBI said in
order to enlarge the scope and businessof UCBs, the Financially Sound and Well-Managed (FSWM)
scheduled UCBs, which are CBS-enabled and having minimum net worth of `100 crore, will now
be allowed to issue credit cards.Similarly, with a view to providing greater freedom to state cooperative banks to expand their business and to provide technology-enabled services to their
customers, it has been decided to permit State Co-operative Banks satisfying certain eligibility
criteria to set up off-site ATMs / mobile ATMs without obtaining prior approval from the Reserve
Bank of India.
Parliament passes Payments and Settlement Bill
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iii.an aggregate transfer of 10% or more of the total paid up share capital of the SC /
RC by a sponsor duringthe period of five years commencing from the date of certificate
of registration.
Switch operation of G-Sec:
Reserve Bank of India (RBI) conducted a switchoperation of Government of India (GoI) securities
having face value of about `8,800 crore with a Scheduled Commercial Bank (SCB). Securities
maturing in 2015-16 and 2016-17 have been switched to longer tenor securities maturing in
2026-27 and 2030-31 at Fixed Income Money Market and Derivatives Association / Market prices.
Lending process to face more scrutiny:
Mr. H. R. Khan, Deputy Governor, RBI opines thatSome corporates might soon face a challenge
in raising resources; not because of non-availability of resources, or lack of creditworthy business
opportunities but because of how the debtors respect commitments, as also due toan evolving
thinking on 'efficiency imperative' in credit dispensation. We might soon experience enhanced
scrutiny of credit decisions of banks by depositors and tax payers besides share holders.
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4.Financial Abbrevations
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS
JUNE
PM of India Mr.Atal Bihari Vajpaye honoured by Bangladesh-For his outstanding support of
Indias independence from Pakistan in 1971.
4 th North East Youth Festival at Majuli in Jorhat district of Assam- organized by Nehru
Yuva Kendra Sangathan(NYKS) on behalf of the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports.
Indian Administrative Service(IAS) Jyoti Prasad Rajkhowa was sworn-in as the 19th
Governor of Arunachal Pradesh
Union Food and Consumer Affairs Minister Ram Vilas Paswan launched BIS App to register
complaints against sub-standard quality of ISI marked products and Hallmark jewellery.
IAP Health Phone programme launched by the Union government-partnership with
UNICEF,UN.
Gatimaan Express,Indias 1st semi-high speed train service with supersonic calliber
between Delhi and Agra completed a 2nd trial run conducted by the maintenance
department of Northern Railway-195 kilometers, at a speed of 160 kph in 115 minutes.
GOI and Tamil Nadu has inked a deal with the World Bank for $400 million loan for an
sustainable urban development project in Tamil Nadu,by the International Bank for
Reconstruction and Development(IBRD).
World Bank approved a $250 million loan for Jhelum and Tawi Flood Recovery Project for
reconstruction of flood for 20 districts-affected public infrastructure in Jammu & Kashmir by
International Development Association(IDA).
Northern Railway rolled out Indias 1st rail coach lit by solar panels-attached to a high
speed Self Propelled-Accident Relief Unit(SPART) travelled from Delhi Cantonment to New
Delhi railway station.
Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust(JNPT) and Maharashtra Maritime Board(MMB) signed an MoU
for the construction of green field port at Vadhawan in Thane district by the union minister
for ports and shipping Nitin Gadkari.
Solar power capacity touches 4,000MW,Rajasthan races ahead of Gujarat-Senior ManagerConsulting at Bridge to India:Jasmeet Khurana.
Union Minister of Road Transport & Highways and Shipping,Nitin Gadkari inaugurated the
Indias first of its kind Tier-I Oil Spill Response Centre(OSRC) for Mumbai & JNPT
Harbour(Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust).
Indian Medical Associations(IMA) 1st Aushadhi medical store inaugurated by Minister of
State for Chemicals and Fertilizers Hansraj Gangaram Ahir at IP Estate IMAs headquarter
in New Delhi.
Indias 1st green police station inaugurated at Maurice Nagar in north Delhi on the occasion
of world environment day.
Hospital for Elephants,first of its kind in India built in Kerala-Dr.Jacob Cheeran- in the
Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University,Mannuthy.
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Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) ordered testing of various noodles,
pasta and macaroni brands manufactured by seven companies to check compliance- GSK,
ITC fast food brands.
Oil Corporation,Indias largest oil firm is planning to invest Rs.15000 crores to raise the
capacity of its Panipat refinery to 34% from the current 20.2 million tonnes by 2020.
Finance Ministry exempts non-AC restaurants from service tax.
Memorandum of Understanding(MoU) signed between Indian Army and Punjab National
Bank (PNB) on the Defence Salary Package by Shri N K Arora,General Manager and Shri
Subodh Kaushik.
IIT Delhi ranked as the best engineering college in India while Kolkatas Jadavpur
University is ranked the best government engineering college in the country by EDU, niche
online platform on higher education, with RAND Corporation,USA.
Cyclone ASHOBAA intensified into severe cyclonic storm-over Arabian Sea-cause rainfall
over Karnataka,Konkan and Goa as well as south Gujarat.
Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary in Odisha-witnessing an alarming denudation in large tracts
of mangrove vegetation.
Gov to bring Ordinance to amend Negotiable Instruments Act-provides for filing of cheque
bounce cases in place where the cheque was issued.
Pakistan Holds Legislative Assembly Elections in Gilgit-Baltistan-India reacted against
election.
National Capital Region(NCR) just got bigger-Jind,Karnal and Muzaffarnagar districts
added- announced by Urban Development Minister M Venkaiah NaiduNational Capital
Region Planning Board (NCRPB).
Delhi Jal Board vice chairman Kapil Mishra succeed Jitender Tomar as Delhis law minister.
Ahmadabad Municipal Corporation(AMC) announced Use and get Paid scheme under which
people using public toilets,will be paid Re 1.
Indian Army on 9 June carried out a bold cross-border operation into Myanmar,to avenge
the killing of 18 soldiers in Manipur-70 commandos.
At the Cochin Shipyard Limited CSL,Indias first home made aircraft carrier INS Vikrant
undocked successfully-40,000 tonne aircraft carrier INS Vikrant.
A high level ministerial delegation went to Kathmandu to attend Donors Conference in
Nepal.
Tamil Nadu Gov and Adani Power Ltd signed a Power Purchase Agreement(PPA) to set up a
200 MW solar power plant in Ramanathapuram district-Rs.1400 Cr.
BHEL commissioned Shrinagar hydroelectric project in Uttarakhand.
National Small Industries Corporation Ltd (NSIC) is looking at areas of mutual cooperation
between Indian and Singaporean enterprises to expand Indias industrial presence in South
East Asia- NSIC chairman and managing director Ravindra Nath.
Union Ministry of Indian Overseas Affairs MOIA in combination with Tamil Nadu
Government launched Migrant Resources Centre in Chennai- Kochi, Kerala, Hyderabad and
Gurgaon.
Gov set up an insurance pool of Rs.1,500 crore to offset financial burden of foreign nuclear
suppliers,under the Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Act (CLND) by Minister of State in the
Department of Atomic Energy,Jitendra Singh.
Second border haat(rural market) opened for common people at Kamalasagar in Sipahijala
district of Tripura bordering Brahmanbaria district of Bangladesh.
Union Government scrapped customs import duties for drugs and test kits used to treat
Human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency
Syndrome (HIV/AIDS)-by National AIDS Control Organisation (NACO).
Haryana village launches Selfie with daughter contest to save girl child.
Chandrababu Naidu,Andhra Pradesh govt. has launched Mee Bhoomi portal- a digital
repository of land records in the state(http://meebhoomi.ap.gov.in/).
Coal India Limited-worlds 6th largest mining company in terms of market capital according
to recent PwC report,National Mineral Development Corporation Ltd is at 21st spot in the
list.
Govt Plans Good Samaritan Guidelines-protect from procedural and legal harassment if
they help such victims-make the disclosure of any personal information voluntary and
optional in hospitals on the filling of medico-legal forms.
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Union Minister of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, Shri Kalraj Mishra, digitally
launched the Employment Exchange for Industries.
Assam Chief Minister Tarun Gogoi,state government decided to introduce Right to Health
Services to offer free health care to poor people.
Supreme Court has cancelled AIPMT 2015 and given an order to conduct the exam within
four weeks.
Minister for Urban Development Venkaiah Naidu,Under Smart Cities and AMRUT, power
given to states to prioritise needs-set of 11 reforms undertaken by the states against 23
reforms.
Gov is planning to sell 3% stake in Bharat Petroleum Corp Ltd-selling of stake of Indias
2nd largest state oil firm is expected to raise funds around 1800cr.
Central government approved an anti-chit fund bill passed by West Bengal Assembly in
2013.
Indian Air Forces Jaguar fighter aircraft crashed during a training run in Chaka area of
Allahabad-2nd crash.
National Dairy Development Board(NDDB) and DD Kisan signed a MoU to create meaningful
content for the dairy and farm sector.
Adani Group signed an agreement with Rajasthan government to set up a joint venture
solar power park of 10,000 MW-Indias largest solar plant.
Union government launched an Augmented Reality(AR) application named Sakaar to
highlight the achievements of the Department of Space during 1 year.
Sushma Swaraj flagged off the 1st batch of pilgrims for Kailash Mansarovar yatra through a
new route via Nathu La pass-announced by Chinese President Xi Jinping.
Beno Zephine, 25 years old from chennai become the first 100% visually - challenged
person to be inducted into the IFS-343rd rank.
Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd(BSNL) set up 40,000 Wi-Fi hotspots across the country over the
next 3 years through public-private-partnership mode-free 1st 30min.
Centre gov come up with Agriculture Income Insurance Scheme to ensure minimum
income to farmers in case of crop loss-Rs.50,000 per hectare,MP CM Shivraj Singh
Chouhan suggested formation of a corpus known as Kisan Kalyan Kosh (Farmers Welfare
Fund).
Cabinet approved Housing for All by 2022 programme for slum rehabilitation in urban
areas.
World Bank funded sanitation project worth Rs 2,200 crore is launched by Punjab Chief
Minister Parkash Singh Badal-to improve the water and sanitation services.
Northern Command(Dhruva Command) of Indian Army celebrated its 44th Raising Day
today in Udhampur.
V IT Park by Ascendas located within HITEC City,Hyderabad awarded platinum rating by
Indian Green Building Council (IGBC).
Govt order seeks to reduce number of Antyodaya beneficiaries-adopt the National Food
Security Act (NFSA), the Public Distribution System (PDS).
Cabinet approved the revised target of Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) to
generate 1lak Mw by 2022-5 times the previous target.
Election Commission suspended recognition of P A Sangma-led National Peoples Party
(NPP) recognised state party in Meghalaya.
India ranked 3rd in a World Anti-Doping Agency(WADA) report for 2013.Russia and Turkey
are ahead of India-information received from National Anti-Doping Organisations (NADOs).
Gujarat to introduce compulsory voting in local body polls-CM Anandiben Patel.
Union Cabinet approved for signing of an agreement on the abolition of visa requirement
for diplomatic passports holders between India and Spain-Diplomatic passport.
Advertising Standard Council of India(ASCI) launched its consumer complaint mobile
application-ASCIonline to provide consumer complaint service-ios platform.
Union Government launched NOWCAST weather alert system and Crop Insurance web
portal (www.farmer.gov.in/insurance) for the benefit of farmers.create awareness and
encourage farmers to insure their crops by 4 scheme.
Modified National Insurance Scheme (MNAIS).
National Agriculture Insurance Scheme (NAIS).
Weather based Crop Insurance Scheme (WBCIS).
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BHEL Commissions 250 MW Unit of NTPCs Bongaigaon Power Plant in Kokrajhar district in
Assam.
India ranked 9th in 2014 with FDI inflows of $34 billion- according to UNCTAD in its World
Investment Report 2015.
Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs(CCEA) approved the revised cost estimate of
Rs.81,459Cr-Eastern and Western Dedicated Freight Corridor(DFC) Project implemented
through Public Private Partnership(PPP).
PM Narendra Modi launched Smart Cities(Rs.48000Cr),AMRUT(Rs.50000Cr) and Housing
for All By 2022 (Rs.14000Cr) in Vigyan Bhavan,New Delhi.
Union Cabinet approved setting up of 6 new Indian Institutes of Management(IIMs) chaired
by
PM
Narendra
Modi-(Punjab),
Bodh
Gaya(Bihar),
Nagpur(Maharashtra),
Sambalpur(Odisha), Sirmaur(Himachal Pradesh) and Vishakhapatnam(Andhra Pradesh).
India pledges $1 billion to quake-hit Nepal by External Affairs Minister Sushma Swaraj at
the Donors Conference in Kathmandu.
India ranked 1 in embracing automation a survey by Grant Thornton.
Union Minister for Petroleum and Natural Gas Dharmendra Pradhan-Petroleum Ministry
invest over Rs.1,300 crore in Telangana on new projects and on expansion of the existing
ones this year.
Sunil Hitech commissioned 5MW solar project at Solapur in Maharashtra.
Solar Energy Corporation of India(SECI) renamed as Renewable Energy Corporation of
India after Union Cabinet gave its nod.
Union Women and Child Development Minister Maneka Gandhi inaugurated the 1st
modernised Anganwadi Centre in Hasanpur village,Sonepat,Haryana.
Haryana gov will launch Mhara Gaon-Jagmag Gaon scheme to supply uninterrupted
power to rural consumers besides strengthening distribution network and realising
outstanding payments.
Doordarshan partners with IB to produce 13 part serial on police martyrs.
Chief Ministers Sub-Group of NITI Aayog reached a broad consensus on reducing the
number of centrally sponsored schemes (CSS) to 30 from 72.
External Affairs Minister Sushma Swaraj arrived at Bangkok for the 16th World Sanskrit
Conference- signed MoU on establishment of Nalanda University.
India ranked 6th-best country for attractiveness to foreign investors among 110 countriesChina(65th) and U.S(50th), Hong Kong-(1st ).
Mumbai ranked 5th most budget-friendly city among 40 key tourists countries of the world,
Cancun, Mexico is the most expensive destination in the world.
Bank of Maharashtra and MUDRA(Micro Units Development and Refinance Agency) Bank
sealed a pact to finance new entrepreneurs and small businesses.
Indian envoy Ravi Thapar quits New Zealand after wife accused of assault.
Indian Railways(1.4m) and Indian Army(1.3m) at 8 th and 9 th largest employers in the
world-published by the World Economic Forum.
JSW Jaigarh Port Ltd signed agreement with Konkan Railway Corporation Ltd(KRCL) for
developing the 33.7-km railway corridor,connecting Jaigarh Port to the Digni station of
Konkan Railway-the project named as Jaigarh Digni Rail Ltd.
NITI Aayog given a policy push to build the countrys cyber defence system for enhancing
national security by Former chief of DRDO,Saraswat.
Infosys launched a mobile-based financial and business management solution Finacle SME
Enable to help banks enhance support and service for Small and Medium business
Enterprise(SME) customers.
CM Jayalalithaa flagged off 1st phase of the Chennai Metro-distance of 10.15km, consisting
of Alandur,Ekkathuthangal,Ashok Nagar,Vadapalani,Arumbakkam and Koyambedu Railway
stations.
Bharti Airtel become the worlds 3rd largest mobile operator with 303 million subscriber in
20 countries,China mobile operator(1st ),Vodafone Group of UK(2nd).
Indigo, Infibeam and Teamlease filed a draft prospectus for Initial Public Offering (IPO) to
list on the domestic stock market.
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MAY
2015 worlds largest solar photovoltaic plant(SPV)-Gurh tehsil in Rewa district MP, 2014
largest SPV plant is Topaz Solar Farm in California ,US.
Rajasthan Gov allocates Rs.12Cr for Project Great Indian Bustard(GIB)-bird conservation
programme-Khudi rasla,Pokhran & Shahgarhof Jaislmer district.
Dr.Mahesh Sharma inagurated Science Centre and Planetarium in PuducherryRs.5.5Cr-47th
Science Museum setup by National Council of Science Museums (NCSM).
BHEL commissioned Muzaffarpur thermal power station of Kanti Bijlee Utpadan Nigam
Limited (KBUNL) in Bihar.
BHEL commissioned GVKs shrinagar Greenfield hydro-electric project in UttarakhandAlaknanda River.
Lok Sabha passed the Goods and Services Tax(GST) Constitutional Amendment bill- 2015.
Union Cabinet Approves Amendments to Whistleblowers Act- corruption, misuse of power,
or criminal offence by a public servant.
Union Cabinet approves security scheme -APY(Atal Pension Yojna ) -18 to 40Yr,
PMJJBY(Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana)-18 to 50Yr and PMSBY (Pradhan Mantri
Suraksha Bima Yojana)-18 to 70Yr.
India has currently signed co-operation agreements with 35 countries for peaceful uses of
outerspace design & operation,ISRO.
Rabindranath Tagore 154th birth anniversary-May 07.
India inks Chabahar Port deal with Iran-signed by Abbas Ahmad Akhoundi, Minister for
Transport and Urban Development of Iran-$2 billion.
ADB signed loan agreement worth 31 Million US dollars-to boost water availability in
selected river basins in Karnataka.
Prime Minister releases commemorative coin on Swami Chinmayananda Saraswatibirth
centenary-8 may,1916.
Gov launched Nirmal Ganga Sahbhagita Programme-objective of Clean Ganga.
Govt approves National Smart Grid Mission-Rs.980Cr with a budgetary support of Rs.338crthree tier structure.
Indian Army and Bank of India Inked an MoU on the Defence of Salary Package-1st MoU 2011, valid upto 3 years.
Haryana Govt included Deaflympics in sports policy-enable Deaflympian medalists to get
cash rewards, jobs and other benefits.
Goa Government launched hot air balloon & amphibious vehicles-picturesque state of
beaches.
INS Sardar Patel, the latest Naval establishment of Indian Navy, was commissioned at
Porbandar,Gujarat by Anandiben Patel, the CM of Gujarat.1st Commanding Officer of INS
Sardar Patel : Cmde BR Prakash.
Narendra Modi inaugurates IISCO steel plant Burnpur, West Bengal-Rs.16,000Cr300million tonnes of steel by 2025 .
Solar photovoltaic plant for IL&FSED Co in MP-2 plants- by Jawahar Nehru National Solar
Mission phase II.
Samajwadi water ATM scheme launched by the gov of UP- Samajwadi Shudha Payjal
Yojnas- Mr.Akilesh Yadav,CM of UP.
Azure Power commissions a largest solar plant in Jodhpur,Rajasthan-Inderpreet WadhwaFounder & CEO.
Cleanliness awards kayakalp for public health facilities to be launched by the gov- Health
Minister Mr.JP Nadda.
Punjab-1st state to issue Soil Health Cards to farmers.
India pavilion inaugurated by Rajyavardhan Rathore at Cannes 2015-68th film festival.
Govt to disinvest 5 % in NTPC and 10 % in Indian Oil.
6 th National Conference on Nuclear Energy -New Delhi,Theme was Nuclea Energy: a Clean
Energy option.
Union Information and Technology Minister Mr.Ravishankar Prasad inaugurates 1st postal
ATM-Bihar-9,000 post offices.
Draupadi Murmu from Odisha was sworn as the 1st woman Governor-Jharkhand.
12th International water expo Every thing about water Expo 2015-MumbaiParticipants
from over 21 Countries-May 21-23. outh Asias largest Water eet.
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President Pranab Mukherjee inaugurates 50th anniversary of Indias first historic climb of
Mt. Everest -1965- 21 mountaineers led by Captain M.S.Kohli-8848m.
Tathagata Roy-20 May 2015 was sworn-16th Governor of Tripura in Agartala.
Delhi government launched Pay and Play scheme to promote sports- facility will be totally
free for students & specially abled persons. For others : a nominal fee of RS 100/m upto 45
years and RS 75/m for above 45 years.
UP FDA asked Nestle to withdraw 2014 batch of Maggi- high levels of lead and Mono
Sodium Glutamate .
Union cabinet decides to restart Sindri unit of Fertilizer Corporation of India Ltd. ( FCIL )Rs. 6000 Cr-shutdown in 2002.
Two Indian naval ships,INS Satpura and INS Kamorta take part in naval exercise(SIMBEX)
with Singapore-Captain Mr.Hari Krishnan.
PM Modi launches DD Kisan channel-Rs.100Cr-bridge the informations gap in agriculture.
Lt GEN (Retd) Nirbhay Sharma-new Governor(17th)-Mizoram.
Micro Units Development Refinance Agency(MUDRA) bank partners with 19 regional
coordinates-11 lakh crore.
Software lobby NASSCOM(National Software and Services Company) along with Date
Security Council of India( DSCI ) Launches Cyber Security Task Force led by NIIT Ltd.
Manabi Banopadhaya-Indias first transgender college principal-Krishnanagar Women
College - West Bengal.
Mhara Gaon Jagmag Gaon scheme to be launched in Haryana-launched in those villages
where there is no power theft, where the consumers pay their bills regularly and where the
line losses are not more than 20%.
Tripura withdraws AFSPA(Armed Forces Special Powers Act),1958 from the state-may
27,2015.
Maharashtra got lauh ahhata aptapadi shee-provide the 8 lakh homes in urban
areas-Aamir Khan, Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis, and Minister of State for Urban
Development Dr. Ranjit Patil.
HP gov sets up satellite tracking system to check forest fire-693 participatory.
Yaduveer Raj Urs crowned new Maharaja of Mysuru-Amba Vilas Palace.
Tenzing Norgay 101st Birthday celebrated- Darjeeling-reahed orlds highest mountain
peak, Everest, first in the world on 29th May.
1 st TEDx Gateway Women Conference in India - Mumbai -29th May, mission Ideas Worth
pereadigs.
HP becomes 1st state to implement ABPS(Aadhaar based Payment System) - Rs 76.53 CrRural Development Minister Anil Kumar.
Finance Minister Arun Jaitley, inaugurated New Bank Note Paper Line unit - Hoshangabad,
MP- 1000 Rs note- cost of Rs.495 Cr Cabinet approves India, Bangladesh coastal shipping
pact-cargo movement.
Vinod Pipersenia is new chief secretary of Assam- 45th chief secretary. Narendra Modi-1st
Indian PM to visit Israel and Palestine.
APRIL
The Govt of India has launched 4th evacuation Operation Raahat(5 ships and 4 aircraft)air and sea operation(two C-17 Globemaster planes) to evacuate over 4000 Indian
nationals from Yemen-Minister of State for External Affairs VK Singh.
Union Minister Nirmala Sitaraman unveiled Foreign Trade Policy (FTP)2015-2020. Two
Schemes are 1. Merchandise Exports from India Scheme (MEIS),2.Services Exports from
India Scheme (SEIS).
Gulshan Rai becomes Director General of Indian Computer Emergency Response Team
(Cert-In) as Indias first cyber Security chief .Gov web with gov.in and nic.in domains have
been hacked by cyber criminals since 2012.
Gov of India launched FAME(Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid and Electric
vehicles)-to boost electric and hybrid vehicle sales.
GOI Extends National Food Security Act(NFSA) deadline by 6 months announced by Union
Food Minister Ram Vilas Paswan.
Parliament Passes Amendment to Regional Rural Banks Bill 2014- increases the authorised
capital of RRB to 2000Cr from 5Cr,balance book closed by Dec 31st every year.
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New Delhis Indira Gandhi International (IGI) Airports terminal ID is all set to get India;s
first body scanner(mm wave scanner) from United states Trade and Development
Agenc(USTDA).
Supreme Court on 17th March,2015 struck down the center controversial decision to grant
reservation to Jats Community in jobs and educational institution terming it Negative and
retrograde governance-OBC quota.
Minister of State for Information and Broadcasting, Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore has
inaugurated the Vividh Bharati Service in FM(102.8 MHZ) mode of All India Radio in
Mumbai on March 17,2015.
Indias Air to Air missile ,ASTRA has been successfully test fired from a sukhoi-30 MKI
fighter aircraft at the Integrated Test Range, Chandipur, Odisha. IT Minister Ravi Shankar
Prasad launched Bharatniti.in,a public policy portal that attempts to put into perspective
policy using ancient yet contemporary approach held on March 18 at the Constitution
Club,Rafi Marg,Delhi.
Mr.Amitabh Bachchan to be the brand ambassador of its campaign against Hepatitis B-1.4
million deaths every year.
BJP go i Mahaashta has eae the aea at Gigau,Chopatt as Swaraj Bhoomi to
hoo the etea feedo fighte Lokaa Bal Gagadha Tilak.
GOI launched portal called Gahak uidha Keda Cosue Affais Miiste Ram Vilas
Paswan in Delhi,Ahmedabad,Bangalore,Jaipur,Kolkata and Patna to help consumers register
their grievances against misleading advertisements.
Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore (MoS for Information and Broadcasting) inaugurated 1st
national workshop on photography and videography in New Delhi.
Ratan Tata to head India Railways Kaya Kalp Council-improvement, betterment and
transformation of railways, union leaders-Shiv Gopal Mishra and M Raghuvaiah.
Indias 1st conference on Counter-Terrorism was held in Jaipur, Rajasthan for three days
(March 19 to 21).
Union Govt of India launched 15 day multi-media campaign to educate the public about the
importance of Immunization-Mission Indradhanush- JP Nadda in New Delhi.
Andhra Pradesh to named New Capital City as Amaravathi-famous pilgrimage center for
Hindus and Buddhists.
Indian Railways IRCTC Launched Ru-Pay pre-paid debit card-24th March 2015, passengers
can now book their tickets,do shopping and pay service bills using RuPay pre-paid cards.
GOI launched Twitter Samvad-direct communication between Gov and citizensplatform
provided by ZipDial.
The Ministry of Railways appointed Ajay Shankar committee on 25 March 2015 to review
the performance of the Public Private Partnership (PPP) under the Railway Board.
Union Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) approved the National Super
Computing Mission on 25th MAR,2015.
Gov on 26th march 2015 announced the results of the biggest auction of 2G and 3G air
waves after Supreme Court lifted its ban- spectrum of bands 800, 900, 1800 and 2100 .
The Railway Minister Suresh Prabhu on 27 March 2015 flagged off 1st goods train from
Lumding to Silchar in Assam-210Km.
Himachal Pradesh Gov launched E-Vidhan Mobile apps enable all 68 members of state
assembly to get the entire House business on their smartphones and tablets, laid in the
House 45 minutes before the beginning of the daily proceedings.
India will host the seventh Asian Ministerial Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction
(AMCDRR) in 2016-announced by Home Minister of India Rajnath at the 3rd UN World
Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction held in Sendai, Japan.
India has become the third-largest steel producer in the world by overtaking US in 2015
world steel association (WSA)-14.56 million tonnes.
Fast Patrol Vessel (FPV) named Anagh and Two Interceptor Boats named C-430 and C-417
were commissioned into indiaa coast guards Eastern fleet by lieutenant General Ajay
kumar singh(retd),governor of Governor of Puducherry in a traditional ceremony in
Chennai.
Glenmark Pharmaceuticals barred by Delhi High Court (HC) from making, marketing or
selling its anti-diabetes medicines-infringed drug giant Merck Sharp and Dohme (MSD).
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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
JUNE
Gov of Mauritius designated Ameenah Gurib-Fakim as the new president of the island
nation-first woman.
India and Sweden inked six agreements during the visit of President Pranab Mukherjee to
Sweden-1st Indian president visit Swedan.
US removed Cuba from its list of State Sponsor of Terrorism,paving the way for
normalizing ties frozen announced by US State Department spokesperson Jeff Rathke.
Nobel peace prize winning organisation OPCW(Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical
Weapons) achieved major milestone of destroying 90% of the global chemical weapons
stockpile.
India ranked 59th in the rule of law index- USA based World justice project.
WJP Rule of Law index-Indias overall rule of law performances places it in 3rd position out
of six in South Asian region basecountries 10 out of 25.
Criminal justice-India is placed at 44 rank globally, number 1 in South Asia and number 4
among lower middle income groups .
Civil justice-India is placed at 88 globally,3rd in South Asia and 19th among lower middle
income group countries.
India and Belarus recently signed 6 agreements-to boost co-operation
Roadmap for India-Belarus cooperation.
Protocol to amendment.
MoU on cooperation in the field of Standarisation and Information Support.
MoU For Manufacturing and Marketing of Light industry Goods.
India and USA signed 2015 Framework for the India-US Defence Relationship by Manohar
Parrikar of India and Ashton Carter ,US Secretary of Defence.
Intergovermental agreements between India and Netherlands signed in New Delhi in order
to enhance the bilateral cooperation between the two nations-Indian PM Narendra Modi and
PM of Netherlands Mark Rutte.
61st edition of the annual list of top Global 500 companies released by Fortune MagazineWalmart topped,Exxon Mobil-2nd,Chevron-3rd,Berkshire Hathaway- 4 th,Apple-5th .
South Korea test-launched a new ballistic missile-range 800Km.
India PM announced $ 2 billion line of credit for Bangladesh,quick implementation of the
previous line of credit of $ 800 million and full disbursement of $ 200 millionLand Boundary
Agreement (LBA).
India,Bangladesh launch 2 bus services-Kolkata-Dhaka-Agartala and DhakaShillongGuwahati flagged off by PM Modi and West Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee. during
PM Narendra Modis maiden visit to Bangladesh.
Bangladesh signed two MOUs with the two major Indian companies, Adani($2.5 billion )
and Reliance($3 billion ) to set up 4,600 MW power plants in the country.
Doctors from Texas State of US successfully perform worlds first skull-scalp transplanthead wound from cancer treatment- James Boysen,software developer from Austin.
India imposed anti-dumping duty for certain stainless steel products imported from China,
Malaysia and South Korea.
Mauritius(29%) regained the position as top source of foreign direct investment (FDI) into
India by pushing Singapore to the second slot in 2014-15.
Asian Development Bank(ADB) appointed Diwakar Gupta(Private Sector & Cofinancing
operations) and Bambang Susantono(Knowledge Management and Sustainable
Development) as vice-president.
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Researchers successfully produced the first 3-D anatomic model of a patients heart using
two common imaging techniques.
Mozambique scrapped the ban on homosexuality-victory for campaigners for gay rights in
Africa.
Afghan President Ashraf Ghani nominated a female judge(1st time) to the Supreme Court.
MAY
Tunisia unfrul Worlds Largest Flag- Ong Jmel in the southern desert-size of 19 football
pitches- 104,544 square metre- weighed around 12.6.
India ranked 140th in 2015 Mothers index out of 179 countries-Norway (1st), Finland
(2nd), Ireland (3rd), Denmark(4th) and Swedan (5th).
7.2 magnitude earthquake struck in the Pacific between Papua New Guinea(PNG) and the
Solomon Islands- depth of 22 Kms.
Global Travel Tourism-India moved to 52nd place from 13.
56 of the worlds 2000 powerful companies is from INDIA-Forbes, Reliance Industries-1st
place ,SBI[132],ONGC 183,Tata Motors [263],ICICIBank [283],Indian Oil[349],HDFC Bank
[376],NTPC [431],TCS [485].
Singapore PM Lee opened first museum Indian Heritage Centre in Little India.
Army helicopter crashed in a mountainous part of northern Pakistan killing seven
people,including the Philippine & Norwegian ambassador.
North Korea successfully test-fired Submarine-Launched Ballistic Missile(SLBM)- May,8.
Russia celebrates victory day- secular holiday- Chinese President Xi Jinping.
PM David Cameron and Conservatives Back with Clear Majority in British general electionwon with 331 seats.
Modi inaugurate 1st Gandhian studies centre in china- Fudan University on may 16th .
116-year-old Malaysian woman is worlds oldest person- Yati Musdi.
British-Indian Priti Patel appointed UKs employment minister
President Mukherjee inaugurates Namaste Russia in Moscow- festival of Indian CultureKrasnoyarsk.
Wealth-X , Indian tech billionaire, Mr. Arul Pudur(software firm Celframe) has been rnked
as the Indias wealthiest businessman under the age of 40.
Kiran Mazumbar-shaw (biocon founder) ranks second in the global of medicine MakersAnthony Fauci ,US-1st .
1 st Asian woman appointed mayor in UK- Harbhajan Kaur Dheer.
Indian- Gagan Toor wins the NASA contest to name a mercury crater-Enheduanna.
Human Capital Index-India at 100, Finland at number 1-46 indicators.
Indian-American boy wins National Geographic Bee-held at National Geographic
headquarters.
E-visas for Chinese Nationals- 2015 & 2016 have been chosen as Visit India & Visit China
years respectively-still 200000 people visited.
Indian origin boy Shubham Banerjee working with Microsoft, developing braille printers.
Canada sets a target to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 30 % by 2030.
India and China signed a record 24 agreements in key sectors, including in railways and
education, on day.
Modi inaugurates ICICIs first Braunh in china - Shanghai-17 banking professionals.
PM visits Gandan monastery in Mongolia, gifts Bodhi sapling-signed 14 agreements.
Former Army Brigadier David Granger sworn- as 8th President of Guyana.
Asia cecomes worlds largest investor region: UNCTAD;United Nations Conference on Trade
andDevelopment )report-440 billon Dollars.
Indian PM gifts woven pashmina stoles to Korean President Park Geun-Hye.
Obama broke a robet Downey Jrs(23hrs) Guinness world record to garner one million
twitter followers in less than 5 hrs, account-@POTUS.
Indian American Yale University professor-Akhil Amar posted as the prestigious Council on
Humanities.
Ancient Syrian city of Palmyra(Pearl of desert) under ISIS control.
Environmental Democracy Index- India at 24th place out of 70, Lithuania-1st .
Indo-American prodigy Tanishq Abraham graduated- California community college - age of
11.
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APRIL
Muhammadu Buhari elected as the new President of Nigeria-1st Nigerian to oust a
president through the ballot box.
Top Ten most Dangerous Countries in the World- based on the Country Threat
Index(CTI).1.Iraq,2.Syria,3.Nigeria,4.Somalia,5.Afghanistan,6.Libya,7.Yemen,8.
Pakistan,9.Ukraine,10.Egypt.
India ranks 119 out of 130 countries, FM Global Business Resilience Index by Norway.
1.Economic Productivit-115th ,2.Risk Quality-109th,3.Supply Chain to assess business
resilience of the countries-89th.Top countries 1.Norway,2.Switzerland,3.Netherlands
&10.US.
Social Progress Index(SPI) Rankings-India secured 101.Norway -1st while US 16th .
Chennai based Nivetha Pethuraj crowned as Miss India UAE at the Al Raha Beach Hotel in
AbuDhabi.
Indian-origin Satya Nadella(CEO of Microsoft) tops global CEO in pay chart-Rs.525 crore
per year.
BHEL and Russian firm INTMA inked MOU to set up agas-based power project in
Kazakhstan.
Raja Rajeshwari became 1st Indian American criminal court judge in New York City.
Yale University of USA has named 2 Indians in the 2015 World Fellows. Zeena Johar, Sugha
Vazhvu and Rahul Pandita.
China & Pakistan to tie up with CPEC(China -Pakistan Economic Corridor) agreements
signed-Chinese President Xis first foreign trip for the year 2015.
Pakistan gov conferred the countrys top most civilian award named Nishan-e-Pakistan to
the President of China,Mr.Xi Jingping.
Indian-US Vivek Murthy oath as 19th US Surgeon General.
Nepals famous heritage site,Dharahara Tower, as it collapsed after an earthquake,it was
built in 1832 in 19th century.
Seychelles, an archipelago of 90000 inhabitants became the 161st member of the World
Trade Organization (WTO).
Nursultan A Nazarbayev re-elected as President of Kazakhstan.
Barack Obama Remove cuba from state Sponsor of Terror List.
Pakistan and Russia agreed to hold first-ever joint military exercise to enhanced defence
cooperation.
Chhurim Sherpa,1st woman to climb the 8850 metre (29035 feet) Mount Everest summit
twice in a week.
Abhishek Bachchan campaigns for UK general elections.
India Shifts Embassy From Yemens capital sanas to Dijbouti.
Omar al-Bashir was re-elected in Sudan election.
Mohammed bin Nayef appointed as Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia by King Salman bin
Abdulaziz al-Saud.
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MARCH
Microsoft co-founder Paul Allenhas discovered the famous War ship of World War IIJapas
Musashi and its sister ship yamato in Sibuyan Sea, a seabed of Philippines.
Forbes world Billionaire list is the Annual ranking of world;s Wealthiest people, compiled
and published by an American Magazine called Forbe.
1. Bill Gates-U.S. $ 79.2 -B 59 -Microsoft.
2. Carlos Slim Helu Mexico-$77.1-B 75-telecom.
3. Warren Buffett U.S-$72.7-B 84-Berkshire Hathaway.
4. Amancio Ortega Spain-$64.5-B 78-Zara.
5. Larry Ellison-U.S. $ 54.3-B 70- Orcale.
Nigerias terror group Boko Haram pledged allegiance to the Islamic state in a audio
message.
Switzerland based solar impulse ,worlds 1st day and night solar powered bodied plane visit
stop on Ahmedabad 10th March 2015.
India PM Narendra Modi and Seychelles President of Seychelles James Alix Michel signed
Four pacts to boost security cooperation.
The United States of America has declared Venezuela (officially called the Bolivarian
Republic of Venezuela) a national security threat.
3 rd World Conference On Disaster Risk Reduction (WCDRR) -proposed to take place in
Sendai,Japan from 14-18,Mar,2015.
India PM Narendra Modi and Mauritius PM Anerood Jugnauth signed 5 agreements in the
field of Ocean Economy.
United Arab Emirates won unanimous vote to host AFC Asian Cup 2019 on 9th March 2015.
India PM Narendra Modi and Sri Lankan Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe-Four
Important Pacts signed(Visa,Customs,Youth Development, Building Rabindranath Tagore
memorial in Sri Lanka).
Japan and France signed an important defence pactregarding the transfer of military
equipment and technology.
Maldives Former President Mr Mohamed Nasheed was sentenced to 13 years in prison after
being found guilty of terrorism.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi flagged 1st train service from Thalaimannar to Madhu Road
in Northern Sri Lanka.
Mahatama Gandhis statue has been unveiled in londons parliament square by finance
minister,Shri Arun Jaitely along with Shri Amitabh Bacchan.
Pakistan successfully test fired its 1st indigenous all-weather armed drone Burraq and a
laser guided missile Barq.
Facebook acquired shopping search engine TheFind.com.
Union Government of India and the Central Asian Republic of Kyrgyzstan have signed a
pact on cooperation in the textiles sector( Textiles and clothing, Silk and
Sericulture,Fashion).
China becomes the 3rd Largest Exporter of Arms in World-share of the global arms market
rose by 143 per cent from 2010 to 2014 by Stockholm International Peace research
Institutes report
Israels PM Benjamin Netanyahu wins the election by defeating his main rival ,Isaac
Herzog.
World justice Projects(WJP) report,India ranked 37 out of 102 countries in Government
Transparency Index-Sweden(1st),New Zealand(2nd) & Norway(3rd).
India and energy-rich Qatar signed six important agreements-to boost trade and
investments.
Katsushi Inoue was appointed as President & CEO of Honda Cars India Ltd(HCIL).
Stephen Hawking ,The worlds most famous theoretical physicist joined trademark of their
name club.
BANKING
1. PAY-PAL - DEBIT CARD & PAY-NET - CREDIT CARD
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HEADQUARTER
TAGLINE
State Bank
of India
Arundhati
Bhattacharya(Chairma
n)
Jyoti Ghosh ,MD
Mumbai
Jaipur
Santanu Mukherjee,MD
Hyderabad
Modern.Innovative.Dependable
S. A. Ramesh
Rangan,MD
Sharad Sharma,MD
Patiala
Jeevandas Narayan,MD
Thiruvananthapu
ram
State Bank
of Bikaner &
Jaipur
State Bank
of
Hyderabad
State Bank
of Patiala
State Bank
of Mysore
State Bank
of
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Bengaluru
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Nationalised Banks
BANK NAME
Allahabad Bank
Andhra Bank
Bank of Baroda
Bank of India
Bank of Maharastra
Canara Bank
Central Bank of
India
Corporation Bank
Dena Bank
Indian Bank
Indian Overseas
Bank
Oriental Bank of
Commerce
CMD
Rakesh Sethi
Satish Kumar Karla
(Additional charge)
Ranjan
Dhawan(Additional
Charge)
B.P
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Charge)
Sushil Muhnot
P.S.Rawat(Additional
Charge)
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Kolkata
Hyderabad
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A tradition of trust.
Where India Banks
Vadodara,Gujarat
India's International
Bank.
Mumbai
Relationship beyond
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Animesh Chauhan
Gurgaon,Haryana
Chennai
BANK NAME
CMD
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New Delhi
Gauri Shankar
New Delhi
Syndicate Bank
UCO Bank
Union Bank of India
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Manipal,Karnataka
Kolkata
Mumbai
P.Srinivas
Kolkata
Vijaya Bank
Kishore kumar
sansai
Usha
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M.S.Raghavan
Bangalore
Mumbai
Exim Bank
Harsh Kumar
Bhanwala
Yaduvendra Mathur
ECGC
Geetha Muralidhar
Mumbai
MD&CEO
New Delhi
Mumbai
Mumbai
HEADQUARTER
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Sanjiv Misra
Shikha Sharma
Mumbai
ICICI Bank
Chanda Kochhar
Mumbai
YES Bank
Rana Kapoor
Mumbai
HDFC Bank
Aditya Puri
Mumbai
Badhti ka naam
Zindagi
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Support all the way.
IndusInd Bank
Kotak Mahindra
Bank
Catholic Syrian
Bank
City Union Bank
R.Seshasayee
Uday Kotak
Romesh Sobti
Mumbai
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S.SanthanKrish
nan
Anand
Krishnamurthy
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Dhanlaxmi Bank
Federal Bank
T.Y.Prabhu
Abraham Koshy
Thrissur,Kerala
Kerala
Jammu&Kashmi
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Karnataka Bank
Mushtaq
Ahmad
G.Sreeram
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Srinagar,J&K
Karur Vysya
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kumar
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K.Venkataraman
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NBFCs registered with the RBI and having asset size of Rs 500 crore and above to be
considered as financial institution under Sarfaesi Act, 2002, enabling them to fund SME
and mid-corporate businesses.
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To make train and stations clean ,this scheme is launched under Swach Bharat Abhiyan
Under Swach-Rail scheme railways are going to setupnew department of cleanliness and
going to engage professional agencies for training of cleaning staffs on 650 major stations.
Railway is going to setup Alarm announcing system at no man crossing with help of IIT
Kanpur.
FDI Limit__
Agriculture-100%
Asset Reconstruction Companies--100%
Civil Aviation--100%
Commodity Exchanges--49%
Courier Services--100%
Credit Information Companies--74%
Defence--49%(Defence Raised to 49% from 26%)
e-commerce B-B --100%
Insurance--49%
Multi Brand Retail--51%
Pension--26%(Pension Raised to 49% from 26%)
Petroleum and Natural Gas--49%
Power Exchanges--49%
Print Media--49%
Private Sector Banks--100%
Public Sector Banks--20%
Single Brand Retail--49%
Special Economic Zones--100%
Stock Exchanges/Clearing Corporations--49%
Tea Plantation--100%
Telecom--100%
Tourism--100%
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World Youth Skills Day---15th July---- Youth skills for work and life in the post-2015
agenda
World population day ---11th july----Vulnerable populations in Emergencies
9th National statistics day---29th June---Social development
International day against Drug Abuse and Illicit trafficking---26 june---Lets develop our
lives,our communities,our identities without drugs.
World blood donors day---14th june---Thank you for saving my life
World day against child labour12th june---No to child labour---YES to quality education.
World Ocean Day---8th juneHealthy oceans,Healthy planet.
World environment day---June 5thSeven Billion Dreams.One planet.Consume with care.
World Refugee day---June 20th---With courage let us all combine.
World Elder Abuse Awareness day---15th june--- Falling Between the Cracks: Abuse and
Violence against Older Women Marking World Elder Abuse Awareness Day 10 years
on.
International Day of United Nations PeaceKeepers---29th May---Together for peace.
International day to end Obstetric fistula---May 23rd---End fistula,restore womens dignity.
International day of cooperatives---4th july---Choose co-operative,choose equality.
International day of families15th may---Men in charge?Gender equality and childrens
righs in contemporary families.
World asthma day---5th mayyou can control your asthma.
International day for biological diversityMay 22nd---Biodiversity for sustainable
development
International clinical trials day---May 20thPatients first
World press freedom day3rd mayJournalism thrive!Towards better reporting ,gender
equality and media safety in the digital age.
International Day of united nations peacekeepers---29th may---Together for peace.
World malaria day---25th april---Invest in the future .Defeat malaria.
International Mother Earth day---22nd april---Its our turn to lead.
World Haemophilia day---17th aprilBuilding a family of support.
World Health Day7th aprilfrom farm to plate ,make food safe.
International day of remembrance of the victims of slavery and the transatlantic slave trade--women and slavery.
Earth hour 2015---28th marchClimate change.
World tuberculosis day24th march---Reach ,treat,cure ,everyone.
World day for safety and health at work---april 28th---Join in building a culture of
prevention on occupational safety and health.
World meteorogical day---23rd marchClimate knowledge for climate action.
World Water day22nd marchwater and sustainable development.
International day of forests21st marchForests and climate change.
World sparrow day---20th marchI Love sparrows.
World consumer rights day15th marchHelping consumers choose healthy diets.
World kidney day12th march---kidney health for all.
International Womens day8th march---Make it happen.
World wildlife day3rd marchWildlife crime is serious,lets get serious about wildlife crime.
National science day---28th FebruaryScience for Nation building
National safe motherhood dayapril 11thNothing about us-citizens participation and
engagement for improving womens and childrens health.
Awards 2015
Miscellenous Awards- 2015
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MISS
NEW presidents & prime minister appointed world wide -2015 presidents
ARGENTINA -Cristina Fernndez de Kirchner
CROTIA --Kolinda Grabar-Kitarovic (WOMEN)* FIRST
DENMARK --Lars Lokke Rasmussen
FINLAND --Sauli Niinisto
GREEK -Stavros Dimas
ITALY -Sergio Mattarella
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Committes
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High Level Safety Review Committee under the chairmanship __ Dr. Anil Kakodkar
Indian Railways Vision 2020__Rakesh Mohan
Expert Group on Modernization of Railways _Sam Pitroda
Committee on Creative Financing for Indian Railways_ Montek Singh Ahluwalia
STATE BILLS
Anti -terror bill -- gujarat
Tamil nadu govt passed dhoti bill
Maharastra bans dance bars -- assembly passed bill
Rajasthan --first state to ratifies NJAC bill
Banning beef bill passed by --maharastra & haryana & rajasthan
Gujrat local authorities law amendement bill __ compulsory voting
Minimum educational eligibility bill for panchayat election -- rajasthan
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SPORTS NEWS
JUNE
Lalit Bhanot Elected Asian Athletics Association Vice-President-held in Wuhan,China .
India will be hosting the 2016 AFC Under-16 Championship as confirmed by the Asian
Football Confederation (AFC)-All India Football Federation (AIFF).
FIFA president Sepp Blatter resigned from his post.
Ravi Shastri,former Indian captain will continue as Director of the Indian cricket team for
the tour of Bangladesh starting confirmed by BCCI secretary Anurag Thakur.
India has moved to 141st position from 147th in the latest rankings released by FIFA,India
is at 22nd position among the Asian countries.Iran(41),Japan(52) and South Korea(58).
AB de Villiers won five awards,including the South African Cricketer of the Year for a
second consecutive time at a gala function,hosted by Cricket South Africa(CSA) in
Johannesburg.
Serena Williams defeated Czech Lucie Safarova ,won 3rd French Open and 20th Grand
Slam title at Roland Garros.
Rahul Dravid,former Indian head appointed as the coach of the India A and Under- 19
cricket teams at meeting of the newly formed BCCI's advisory committee.
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India's discus thrower Vikas Gowda and woman steeplechaser Lalita Babar defeated Li
Zhenzhu and Zhang Xinyan won gold medals,while India's G.Lakshmanan defeated
Bahrain's Elhassan Elabbassi won the silver medal at the Asian Athletics Championships in
Wuhan,China.
Barcelona won the champions league trophy for the fifth time after they outclassed
Juventus at the Olympic Stadium.
Duo of Ivan Dodig of Croatia and Marcelo Melo of Brazil defeated Bryan Brothers in the
2015 French Open Doubles Finals,claiming their Maiden Grand Slam title.
According to Phaedra Almajid,FIFA whistleblower,Qatar may loose its chance to host the
2022 World Cup.
Stan Wawrinka of Switzerland defeated Serbias Novak Djokovic become the winner of the
2015 French Open title.
Lucie Safarova paired with Americas Bethanie Mattek-Sand to win the womens doubles
title against Casey Dellacqua and Yaroslava Shvedova in 2015 French open.
The world champion,Lewis Hamilton,won his fourth Canadian Grand Prix on in Montreal,
Rosberg-2 and Vatlteri Bottas-3.
Indian sprinter Tintu Luka wins her first ever international gold medal ahead of Chinas
Zhao Jing and Sri Lankas Nimali Klarachchige in womens 800m finals 21st Asian Athletics
Championships.
Kento Momota of Japan emerged victorious defeated champion Jan O Jorgensen of
Denmark at the mens singles finals to win the mens singles Indonesia Open title.
20 year old Thai Badminton star Ratchanok Intanon defeated Yui Hashimoto of Japan won
the womens singles event in the Indonesia Open SuperSeries Premier tournament in
Jakarta.
Winners of 2015 French Open title of Tennis: 114th edition of the French Open event took
place at the Stade Roland Garros.It is the second Grand Slam event of the year.
Mens Singles: Stanislas Wawrinka of Switzerland defeated Novak Djokovic of Serbia.
Womens Singles:Serena Williams of United States defeated Lucie Safarova of
Czechoslovakia.
Mens Doubles Title:The pair of Ivan Dodig of Croatia and Marcelo Melo of Brazil defeated
Bob Bryan and Mike Bryan of US Womens Doubles Title.
Mixed Doubles Title:Bethanie Mattek-Sands and Mike Bryan pair from United States
defeated Lucie Hradeck Czech Republic and Marcin Matkowski of Poland.
Anantjeet Naruka became the star performer by winning 2 gold medals,1 individual and
other team gold medal for India in the 7th International Junior Shotgun Cup in
Orimattila,Finland.
Goa will be hosting 5th Youth Delphic Games from February 1 to 14 in 2016 under the
motto Celebrating Arts and Cultures.
Shooter Anantjeet Naruka clinched the gold medal defeated by Finalands Lari Pesonen, in
the junior mens skeet match at 7th International junior shotgun cup in
Orimattila,Finland,Indian,Angadvir Singh Bajwa,won the bronze medal,in the same
category (skeet)against Matteo Chiti of Italy.
Indian Basketball Players Association launched at the Indian Medical Association hall in
New Delhi. Sajjan Singh-president,Jayasankar Menon-general secretary and Ashok
Sharma-treasurer,Abbas Moontaisar-chairman and Manmohan Singh and Suman Sharmavice chairmen.
Shah Rukh Khan purchased franchise in Caribbean Premier Leagues team Trinidad &
Tobago.
Mahendra Singh Dhoni is among Forbes magazines 100 highest-paid athletes in the
world,American boxer Floyd Mayweather is 1st in the list.
Former England wicketkeeper Prior retired from all forms of cricket on medical advice.
Former BCCI chief and current ICC Chairman N.Srinivasan re-elected President of the
Tamil Nadu Cricket Association in its 85th Annual General Meeting.
Legendary West Indies fast bowler Sir Wesley Hall is the latest cricketer to be inducted
into the ICC Cricket Hall of Fame.
Sowjanya Bavisetti,in partnership with Ai Wen Zhu of China,won the doubles title victory
over Ao Gai and Yuqi Sheng of China in the final of the ITF womens tennis tournament in
Anning,China.
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Harbhajan Singh reached another milestone by becoming 9th highest wickettaker in Test
matches.
New Zealand defeated England in third ODI by 3 wickets.
Guam defeated India in 2018 World Cup Qualifier match-ranked 33 places below India in
FIFA rankings.
Indian football star Sunil Chhetri became 1st Indian footballer to score 50 international
goals during his teams 2018 World Cup qualifying match against Guam.
Rafael Nadal won Stuttgart Open by beating Victor Troicki.
Brazil thrashed Senegal to reach finals of Under-20 World Cup.
2 Indian golfers Anirban Lahiri and Shiv Kapur will play at the prestigious U.S. Open for
1st time at Chambers Bay course,Washington.
Sunil Chhetri became 1st Indian footballer to score 50 international goals during Indias
2nd match of the second round of qualifiers for 2018 football World Cup.
AIBA(International Boxing Association) constituted Ad-hoc committee chaired by Kishan
Narsi for boxing in India.
Veteran leader of Nationalist Congress Party(NCP) Sharad Pawar was re-elected defeated
Vijay Patil as the President of the Mumbai Cricket Association(MCA) and Former Indian
cricketer Dilip Vengsarkar,Ashish Shelar was elected as VicePresident of the MCA.
ECB (England and Wales Cricket Board) to pump 3m into Womens Cricket Super Leaguechief executive Tom Harrison.
Indian shuttler HS Prannoy grabbed his career-best world number 12 spot after improving
a place in the latest mens singles ranking,announced by BWF.Indian shuttler HS Prannoy
grabbed his career-best world number 12 spot after improving a place in the latest mens
singles ranking, announced by BWF.
Indias junior boys and cadet girls won the team championship titles at the South Asian
Junior and Cadet Table Tennis Championships at the Talkatora Stadium in New Delhi.
Silver and Bronze medals in the two categories In Junior Boys category Sri Lankas Junior
Boys won Silver
Pakistan, who finished third and Maldives behind them,got the bronze In Cadet Girls
category won silver
Sri Lankas Cadet Girls won Silver
Nepal, who finished third and Pakistan behind them,got the bronze.
Nico Rosberg defeated his Mercedes team-mate and series leader Lewis Hamilton to win
Austrian Grand Prix.
Roger Federer beats Andreas Seppi won an eighth title at the ATP Halle tournament.
Andy Murray won the Aegon Championships at Queens Club by beating Kevin Anderson in
a one-sided final.
Serbia defeated Brazil in extra time in the final of U20 World Cup final.
Chinas Zhou Yuelong and Yan Bingtao won the 2015 Nongfu Spring World Cup of snooker
by beating Scotland in the final in Wuxi,China.
India slipped to 4th spot in ICC Test rankings after a draw against Bangladesh.
Lucio,former Brazil skipper & 2002 World Cup winner signed up with FC Goa for 2nd season
of Indian Super League.
Russia won the European Team Athletics Championships by winning 10 of the 40 events on
the program held in Cheboksary,Russia.
Jordan Spieth won the US Open at Chambers Bay-historic title for second major.
Bangladesh for the first time won two consecutive ODIs vs India,it defeated England in the
World cup and won all the three ODI games in its home series with Pakistan.
Indias batting legend Sachin Tendulkar voted the Best Test player of the 21st century in
an online poll conducted by Cricket Australias website,Kumar Sangakara of Sri
Lanka(2nd),Australias Adam Gilchrist(3rd ).
Ravichandran Ashwin enters into the list of top 10 bowlers in ODI,took 6 wickets in three
matches against Bangladesh.
Captain of Pakistan cricket team,Zaheer Abbas appointed as the ICC President.
Inderjit Singh and Jinson Johnson of India bagged gold at the first leg of the Asian Athletics
Grand Prix in Bangkok,Thailand.
ICC Board decided to suspend the membership of the USA Cricket Association (USACA).
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Satnam Singh Bhamara becam1st Indian player to be drafted in the National Basketball
Association (NBA).
Sri Lankan batsman Kumar Sangakkara decided to call it a day and will retire during the
home test series against India in August.
Veselin Topalov from Bulgaria won the Norway Chess 2015 title in Stavanger,Norway and
Anand comes second.
3 rd seeded Indian Badminton duo Jwala Gutta and Ashwini Ponnappa won the Canada
Open 2015 womens doubles title after beating the top-seeded Dutch pair of Eefje Muskens
and Selena Piek in the finals.
Mens singles-Lee Chong Wei(Malaysia) by defeating Ng Ka Long Angus (Hong Kong).
Womens Singles-Michelle Li(Canada) by defeating Kaori Imabeppu (Japan).
Mens doubles-Li Junhui & Liu Yuchen(China).
Mixed doubles-Lee Chun Hei & Chau Hoi Wah(Hong Kong).
Harbhajan Singh is making his way back to the ODI team for the Zimbabwes tour and
Indian team will be lead by Ajinkya Rahane.
Valentino Rossi won a close contest with reigning world champion(9th time) Marco Marquez
to won Motul TT Assen.
Eduardo Vargas scored goals to take his team Chile one step closer of winning Copa
America Cup.Chile defeated Peru in the semi-finals.
MAY
Prarthana wins ITF doubles title in Indonesia-Prarthana and Harriet defeated the Thai pair
of Nicha Lertpitaksinchai and Nudnida Luangnam ( 6-4, 4-6 , 18-16 ).
Reigning champions, london based, Arsenal won the FA Cup against Aston Villa ( 4-0 ),
world's oldest knockout competition, 12th time.
Archer Deepika Kumari wins bronze in Archery World Cup, Deepika defeated opponent
Chang Hye Jin of Korea by 6.
Four Indian wrestlerss, struck gold - International Wrestling tournament - Sassari City,
Italy- Praveen Rana-75Kg, Amit Kumar(57Kg) and Narsingh Yadav(74Kg), Mausum Khatri
(97kg) and Hitender(125kg).
Gurpreet Singh gets India a fifth quota(156) place in shooting for 2016 Rio Olympics. The
winner was Joao Costa (201.4 ) of Portugal,Tomoyuki Matsuda(200.4) of Japan won the
silver and Sun Yang (177.3) was third from China, fifth Daemyung Lee (136) of South
Korea.
Australian wicketkeeper Brad Haddin quits one-day game 126-match one-day
internationals.
Indian shot-putter Inderjeet Singh qualified for Rio Olympics- 20.65m on the second day of
the 19th Federation Cup at Mangala Stadium.
Chelsea clinched their 1st Premier League title for 5 years as jose mourinhos side
produced 1-0 victory against Crystal Palace at a jubilant Stamford Bridge .
Switzerland tennis player Roger Federer won the TEB BNP Paribas Istanbul Open Mens
singles title by defeating Pablo cueves of urugay 6-3 ,7-6-world rank-2.
Indian Railway girls clinch 5th National Hockey Championship title-defeated Hockey
Jharkhand by 12-2 goals,Master Chandgi Ram sports stadium at Saifai, UP.
Indias top table tennis player sharath kamal has jumped 12 places to reach a -high 32 in
the latest ITTF rankings.
England batsman Jonathan Trott has retired from international cricket.
Seven Gold Medal for India In International Speed Skating Championships- Hong KongKushi Shah-gold medals in 3 races.
Asian Wrestling Championship at Doha,Indian wrestler Geeta Phogat won the Bronze medal
in the women freestyle 58kg category.
Saina Nehwal becomes the 3rd Indian and first women from India to reach the finals of the
prestigious tournament All England Open Badminton ChampionshipBirmingham,UK.
Marks man Jitu Rai crowned TOISA sportsperson of the year, Milkha Singh got life time
achievement of the year from the legendary Olympic champion carl lewis,weight lifter
sanjitha channu won popular choice Award,virat kohli won the best cricketer award in
men,while in the womens category the award went to Harmanpreet singh.
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Indian Army team athletes emerge champions in Federation Cup-19th - Mangala stadium.
The overall womens championships:first place Kerala ,Second Place Karnataka,Third
PlaceTamil Nadu.Best athlete award in the mens category inderjeet singh-haryana,best
athlete award in the womens category srabani NandaOdisha.
Indians win a silver(Ashish Bhalothia won a silver in boys shot put) at the Qatar Sports
Club and two bronze(Anumol Thampi (girls 3000m race) and Seema Sangwan (girls discus
throw)) in Asian Youth Athletics.
Sakshi malik& lalita bagged bronze medal in womens freestyle 60kg & 55 kg categoriesAsian Wrestling championship in Doha. Lalita was defeated by North Koreas Hal Ku-ok 39.
Yuki Bhambri partnering Adrian Menendez-Maceiras of Spain wins doubles title victory over
second seeds Sergey Betov of Belarus and Mikhail Elgin of Russia in tennis tournament in
Karshi, Uzbekistan.
Nico Rosberg wins Spanish Grand Prix-Mercedes team-mate lewis hamiltons winning streak
in this years formula one drivers world championship,Hamilton-2nd and Ferrari,s
Sebastian Vettel-3rd .
Indias Rohan Bopanna and Florin Mergea (Romania) won the Mens doules Title beating
Nenand Zimonjic (Serbia) and Martin Makowski (Poland).
Bopanna is now countrys No 1 doubles player -world no-21.
Apex industry body ASSOCHAM has proposed BRICS U-17 football tournament to be held in
India.
National record holder kamalpreet singh won mens hammer throw event at the
Sacramento State Open in United States.
India discus thrower Vikas Gowda has won gold at 12th Jamaica International Invitational,
an IAAF World Challenge meet at the National Stadium.Chad Wright of Jamaica-2nd , Jared
Schuurmans of US-3rd .
Englishman Lee Alan Johnson has been roped as the head coach of India U-19 football
team.
World school chess championship(U -15) : Tejaswini wins gold defeating Kavanya
Rajapaksha of Sri Lanka.
Indias gagan narang won the bronze medal in mens 50m prone event-3rd IndianISSF
world cup-USA.
Ethiopian runners win both mens (Suresh kumar-29m 49s)& womens (Mamitu Daska-31m
57s) titles in TCS World 10000m run- Bengaluru.
The Wrestling Federation of India (WFI) named Kuldeep Malik as the new chief national
coach.
Indias Archana kamath won a bronze medal to Chinese taipeis chen Ting-Ting in the cadet
girls singles at the Thailand Open table tennis tournament .
Australia opening batsman Chris Rogers has confirmed that he will retire from international
cricket- more than 1,500 runs.
Himachal Pradesh will host the Paragliding World Cup from 23 October to 31 October 2015
at Bir Billing in Kangra valley-1st time.
22 year old Delhi lad played the final of a clay court Challenger- Yuki Bhambri(no-1 among
Indian)-158th ahead of Somdev Devvarman(172) and Saketh Myneni(196).
12th South Asian Games 2015 to be held in Kerala,November-December.
British sports business magazine Sports Pro -Cricket Captain Virat Kohli as the 6th most
marketable athlete of this year ahead of Lionel Messi and Cristiano Ronaldo.
Indian boxers clinch 4 gold, 1 silver, 2 bronze medals in Doha Boxing Tournament
India wins 3 gold,2 silver &1 bronzein womens world junior championships-savita (50 kg),
Mandeep(52 kg) and Sakshi(54 kg) clinched gold, while Soniya(48 kg) and Niharika
Gonella(70 kg) settle for silver.
Mumbai Indians defeat Chennai Super Kings to win IPL 2015 for second time.
Mercedes driver Nico Rosberg- winner of Monaco GP- 10th overall win in 2nd
session.Sebastian Vettel(Germany) of Ferrari and Lewis Hamilton(U.K ) of Mercedes were
2nd and 3rd.
India thrash Japan 4-0, win hockey Test series 3-0 at the Kalinga Stadium.
Trevor Bayliss : New head coach for England cricket team-1st Australian.
Abhinav Bindra becomes fourth Indian shooter to qualify for 2016 Rio Olympics-6th .
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Sepp Blatter was re-elected as FIFA president for a fifth term- 65th FIFA Congress held in
Zurich.
Sevilla Football Club- won Europa League title defeated Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk football
club. In the final clash at National Stadium Warsaw, Poland.
APRIL
International Cricket Council (ICC) president A.H.M. Mustafa Kamal has announced his
resignation.
New Zealand fast bowler Kyle Mills announced his retirement from all forms of cricket.
4-time world champion Sebastian Vettel won the Malaysian Grand Prix 2015 by defeating
Mercedes AMG team for the 1st time.
Miami Open Titles 2015 Winners:
Mens singles title Title- Novak Djokovic extended his winning against Britains Andy Murray
Womens singles title-serena Williams thrashed spains Carla suarez Navarro at Crandon
Park.
Mens doules Title-American Bob Bryan and Mike Bryan pair won against Vasek Pospisil
(Canada) and Jack Sock (US) pair.
Womens doules Title- Sania Mirza and Martina Hingis against second-seeded Russians
Ekaterina Makarova and Elena Vesnina.
Dronavalli Harika,Indian grandmaster won bronze prize against Mariya Muzychuk of
Ukraine for the Wold Womens Chess Championship 2015 held at Sochi, Russia.
New Zealand win beat Australia(8 times won) 24th Sultan Azlan Shah Hockey Tournament
2015.India Beat Korea to Won Bronze Medal.
Mercedes Formula 1 driver Lewis Hamilton wins Chinese Grand Prix of Formula One beat
the team-mate Nico-Roseberg 2nd spot,Vettel-3rd and Kimi-raikkonen-4th.
Sania Mirza becomes1st Indian female tennis player ranked World No.1 in Womens
Doubles partnered with Martina-Hingi from Switzerland. They beat Casey from Australia
and Darija Jurak from Croatia, held at Charleston, U.S.A.
Bharatiya janta partys(BJP) Lok sabha member Brij bhushan sharan singh was reelected as
the President of the WFI(Wrestling Federation of India), Sr.Vice President was I D
Nanavati.
Ace Indian Shooter Jitu Rai(7th position) won the Bronze medal in the 10 Meter Air
Pistol(men) Event in the ongoing ISSF(International Shooting Sport Federation) World Cup
Rifle/ Pistol Shooting Competition held at Changwon in South Korea. Jin Jongoh (206
Points-South Korea)-Gold Medal and Naung Ye Tun (201)Malaysia-Silver Medal.
Raza Hasan, Pakistans Left arm spinner who has played for Pakistan in One Day
International Match and T20 Internationals has been suspended from all forms of Cricket
for two years- tested positive for Cocaine.
1st Shenzhen International Golf Tournament 2015-Aphibarnrat from Thailand won against
Li Hao-Tong of China at the Genzon Golf Club, in Shenzhen China.
Indian womens hockey team trounced Japan to ear the 7th place at the Hawkes Bay-cup
Hockeytournament in New Zealand,Australia won the final by beating New Zealand.
Monte Carlo Masters Title tennis tournament at France, Novak Djokovic won against Tomas
Berdych to claim the Singles Title.
Presidents Cup Open International Boxing Tournament -India Crowned Champions 1
Indias boxers Pinki jangraand Shamjetsabam Sarjubala Devi(51Kg) got gold medals by
beating Nandintsetseg of Mongolia.
Sarjubala won by defeating Russias Iseva joya(48kg) at the 22nd President Cup Open
Boxing Tournament held in Indonesia.
In men category gold was won by Rakesh Kumar and Harpal Singh in 69kg and 75kg.
Shamkir Chess Tournament 2015-World champion Magnus Carlsen of norway won against
Rauf Mamendov of Azerbaijan in Shamkir Chess Tournament held in Azerbaijan.
World Team Chess Championships held in Chengdu,China.
Indias Dronavalli Harika and Koneru Humpy got silver and bronze medals.
Georgia beat China in the finals to clinch the precious gold medal.
Russia defeated United States in the final round to get the silver medal.
Mens world chess championships held in Tsakhkadzor- China wins gold, Ukraine won silver
& Armenia won bronze medal.
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India remains at number two spot in the latest ICC ODI rankings-Australia topped.
The International Paralympic Committee (IPC) has suspended the Paralympic Committee of
India(PCI)- providing inadequate and poor facilities during the National Para-Athletics
Championships last month in Ghaziabad.
Britains Adam peaty smashed the world record for the 100 meters breaststroke at the
British swimming champion
Indias Y pranjala clinched the Asian Junior Tennis championship title after a comefrombehind victory over top seed Chinese Zheng Wushuang match held at India, New Delhi.
Haryanas Ashish Jakha has set a national youth record in boys hammer throw(5kg balland-chain to a new distance of 71.92) on the 2nd day of the 12th National Youth Athletics
Championships.
Mumbai boy Mudit Dani becomes 3rd Indian to enter top ten of junior TT rankings,
ITTF(International Table Tennis Federation) Headquarters in Lausanne, Switzerland and
President:Thomas Weikert.
Brazils teliana Pereira won the claro open colsantitas-to become the WTA tours first
Brazilian winner in 27 years.
Mohammad Nabi resigned as captian of following the teams 2015 world Cup campaign in
Australia and New Zealand last month.
3 Indian race walkers, Khushbir Kaur, Manish Rawat and Sandeep Kumar qualified for 2016
Rio Olympics-the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) Race Walking
Challenge at Rio Maiorin Portugal.
Cricket South Africa (CSA) announced a new tournament to be known as the Africa T20
Cup.
Bangladesh won the three-match One Day International(ODI) Series against Pakistan in
Dhaka by 3-0.
Mohammed Shami has been ruled out of the ongoing Indian Premier League due to a knee
injury sustained during the ICC Cricket World Cup confirmed by the Board of Control for
Cricket in India(BCCI).
Railway Sports Promotion Board has won defeated Uttar Pradesh Hockey in the 5th senior
mens National hockey championship 2015 in pune.
The International Table tennis Federation(ITTF) has become the worlds largest sports
body interms of membership (222). The International Volleyball Federation (FIVB) is
second largest sports body(220).
India won Gold and Bronze at 2015 Asian Indoor Rowing Championship in
Pattaya,Thailand. Dushyant Singh and Succha Singh Tomar won the gold in the 2000 mens
light weight pair category,In the 2000 mens open-pair event,Om Prakash and Rajesh
Verma settled for a bronze.
MARCH
Argentina Open 2015-spains star Tennis player Rafael Nadal won the by defeating Juan
Monaco of Argentina-46th title in clay and first title of 2015.
Sri Lankan cricketer Kumar Sangakkara became 2nd batsman to cross 14,000 runs in One
Day International (ODI) cricket after the legendary Sachin Tendulkar.
World Cup 2015: Sri Lankan batsman Kumar Sangakkara slams his 4th consecutive ton in
the World Cup 2015 series and first batsman to score 4 consecutive centuries in One Day
Internationals.
Indias womens Hockey team won the prestigious Hero Hockey world League Round 2 by
defeating Poland in a nail-biting final at Major Dhyan Chand National Stadium, New Delhi.
4 th time Services won the 69th Santosh Trophy Football title by defeating Punjab
tiebreaker in nail-biting match at Guru Nanak Stadium, Ludhina, Punjab.
Indias young shutller kidambi srikanth won the prestigious swiss grand prix goldchampionship title by defeating Denmarks Viktor Axelson
British Driver Lewis Hamilton completely dominated the Australian Grand Prix by defeated
rival Nico Rosberg-34th career victory.
Michael White defeated Ricky Walden-won Indian Open World ranking snooker tournament
in Mumbai.
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Karnataka (8th) defended Ranji Trophy by defeating Tamil Nadu at the Wankhede stadium
in Mumbai.
Indias star shuttler Saina Nehwal as 1st Indian woman to reach World number 1 ranking
after defeating Japanese opponent Yui Hashimoto in the India Open Super series semifinal
match in New Delhi.
A two-year-old girl archery prodigy Cherukuli Dalli Shivani from Vijaywada achieved a
stunning feat by setting a new record and entering her name into the India Book of
Records.
Title Winners of 2015 BNP Paribas Open held in Indian Wells,California,US.
FIFA 2022 World Cup to be played in November/December in Quatar-final game on
December 18, 2022.
New Zealand cricketer Martin Guptill scored 237 runs against West Indies and becomes the
highest scorer in the World Cup history.
Australia won the ICC Cricket World Cup 2015 for the record fifth time- defeated New
Zealand.
Australian cricketer Michael Clarke announced his retirement from One Day Internationals
(ODI) cricket format.
New Zealand cricketer and former captain Daniel Vettori announced his retirement from
international cricket.
Zimbabwe's Brendan Taylor retiring from international cricket.
Kumar Sangakkara and Mahela Jayawardene retire from ODIs.
GAMES
Hockey world cup-2018--MEN-india, Women-england
Asian game--2014incheo(south korea), 2018-jakarta Indonesia,,
Olympic games
summer Olympics --2016 brazil ,2020 Tokyo(japan)
winterOlympics - 2014- sochi(russia),2018-winter pyeong (south korea)
ICC t-20 world cup--2014bangladesh,2016---india,2020---australia
FIFA world cup 2014brazil,2018russia ,2022---quatar
Commonwealth game --2014glassgow,Scotland , 2018---gold cost
queensland,Australia
7th FIFA womens worldcup 2015---canada host
Tennis
AUSTRALIAN-2015
MENS SINGLES --Novak Djokovic
WOMEN SINGLES -- Serena Williams
MENS DOUBLES --Fabio Fognini/ Simone Bolelli
WOMEN DOUBLES --Lucie Safarova/Bethanie Mattek-Sands
MIXED DOUBLES -- Leander Paes/Martina Hingis
FRENCH OPEN-2015
MENS SINGLES -- Stanles wawrincka
WOMEN SINGLES --Serena Williams
Men's Doubles--Ivan Dodig / Brazil Marcelo Melo
Women's Doubles--Bethanie Mattek-Sands / Lucie Safrova
Mixed Doubles--Bethanie Mattek-Sands / United States Mike Bryan
WIMBLEDON OPEN -2015
MENS SINGLES --Novak Djokovic
WOMEN SINGLES --Serena Williams
MENS DOUBLES --Jean-Julien Rojer / Romania Horia Tecau
WOMEN DOUBLES --Martina Hingis / Sania Mirza
MIXED DOUBLES--Leander Paes / Switzerland Martina Hingis
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Bhanu Pratap Sharma as Chairperson Food Safety and Standards Authority of India
(FSSAI)
NIKESH ARORA India-born former Google executive has been appointed the president of
Japans telecommunications giant SoftBank Corp.
T.M .Bhasin,chairman&Managing Director,Indian Bank has been appointed Vigilance
commissioner.Mr.Rajiv is the other vigilance Commissioner
RBI has appointed Meena Hemchandra as the executive director who would be in charge
of department of banking supervision.
NL Beno Zephine of Chennai became the first 100 percent visually-challenged person to
be inducted into the Indian Foreign Services.
Former chairman of the central board of Direct taxes ,K.V .Chowdary,appointed as the
new central Vigilance Commissioner,and senior most information commissioner ,Vijai
Sharma ,is the new chief information commissioner
Ex-IB chief asif Ibrahim appointed as PM;s special envoy on counter-terror.
Air Marshal Birender Singh Dhanoa took over as the vice chief of the Indian Air force
ICICI bank appointed MK Sharma as non-executiive chairman.
IPS officer R C Tayal has been appointed as the new chief of the elite counter terror force
National Security Guard(NSG).
Bank of India ED B.P Sharma given additional charge of MD&CEO
IPS officer Archana Ramasundaram appointed as director of national crime records
bureau.
Singapore foreign minister George Yeo appointed as Chancellor of Nalanda university
Amit jain appointed as president of uber Technologies Incs india Operations
Infrastructure financing firm IDFC appointed Vinod rai as independent director.
K.Sivan appointed as the director of the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre of ISRO in kerla.
Rear Admiral Philipose G Pynumootil has taken over as Assistant chief of naval staff (air)
SBI announced the appointment of Anshula Kant as its Chief Financial officer(CFO)
SBI Capital Markets appointed Pravven Gupta as MD & CEO
P.Kunhikrishnan appointed as the director of Satish Dhawan Space Centre ,Sriharikota
Infosys appoints R.Seshasayee as Non-Executive chairman of the board
Aakar patel joins as New head of Amnesty International india
Sanghmitra Bandyopadhayay appointed as the Director of Indian Statistical
Institute(ISI).
IAS officer Devendra Chaudhary has been appointed as secretary in the Department of
Administrative Reforms and Public Grivances
HDFC securities appointed Dhiraj as its MD & CEO
Achal Kumar jyoti appointed as new election commissioner
Anindo majumdar is appointed as CMD of delhi finance corporation
Arun jha is new secretary of tribal affairs
Arun Shrivastava is appointed as MD and CEO of syndicate bank
Deepak Iyer is appointed as CMD of Bharti AXA General Insurance
G Mohan Kumar is appointed as secretary of ministry of defence
GS Reddy is appointed as Scientific adviser of defence minister
Harbhajan kaur dheer is 1st Asian woman elected mayor ,Ealing council in London
J Jayalalitha sworn in as tamilnadu chief minister for fifth time
K V Kamath is appointed as president of New Development Bank (BRICS)
J P Nadda is appointed as president of 68th world health assembly
M J Joseph is appointed as controller general of accounts
Manoj Mishra is appointed as CMD of National fertilizers Ltd
Selvin Christopher is appointed as chief of DRDO
SS Ahluwalia is appointed as chairman of JPC on land acquisition amendment bill 2015
Sunil Dsouza is appointed as Md of whirlpool India
V Shanmuganathan is appointed as governor of Meghalaya
Venna jain appointed as Director General of Doordarshan News
Arun Kumar jha is CEO of Khadi and village Industries Commission(KVIC)
Dr Mohan Kumar is Ambassador of India to france
109 | P a g e
Books&Authors
1. Transcendence:My spiritual Experiences with pramukh swamiji written by APJ Abdul Kalam
2. PM Narendra Modi launched book titled Education of Musilims by professor JS Rajput.
3. Modi-Incredible emergence of a star in Chinese language written by Tarun Vijay.
4. Flood of fire written by Booker prize awardee Amitav Ghosh.
5. Recasting India written by Hindol Sengupta
6. Bikhare Kyalat written by abdul haq presented to vice-president.
7. Red Tape to Red carpet and then some written by Gina Rinehart.
8. Benazir Bhutto:A Multidimensional portrait written by Dr Anna Survorova
9. Beyond Doubt:A Dossier on Gandhis Assasination written by Teesta setalvad
10. Dealing with China:An Insider Unmasks the New Economic Superpower by Henry M
Paulson.
11. China-Confucius in the shadows written by Poonam Surie
12. Unbelievable-Delhi to Islamabad written by Prof Bhim Singh.
13. Complete Story of Indian Reforms:2G,power&Private Enterprise written by former trai
chairman Pradeep Baijal.
14. Ahmedabad:A city in the world written by Amrita Shah.
15. Super Economics written by Raghav Bahl.
16. Suleiman Charitra written by kalyana malla translated from Sanskrit to English
17. Aatank ke Saaye Men written by Garima Sanjay released by Vice president.
18. Indian Diplomacy Through Three Decades By Surendra Kumar released by vice president.
19. Food for All:International Organizations and the transformation of agriculture written by
Uma lele.
20. Gods Bankers written by Gerald Posner
21. Faces and Places written by prof Deepak Nayyar
22. Indian Parliamentary Diplomacy-Speakers Perspective written by Meira Kumar
23. Q&A written by vikas Swarup.
24. Neither a Hawk nor a Dove written by pakistans Ex-foreign Minister Khurshid M Kasuri .
25. Indian Parliamentary Diplomacy-Speakers perspective written by former Lok Sabha
Speaker Meira Kumar
26. Born Again on the Mountain written by Arunima Sinha launched by PM Narendra modi.
27. Prince of Gujarat:The Extraordinary story of prince gopaldas Desai released authored by
Rajmohan Gandhi.
28. Rajdeep sardesai penned the book titled 2014:The Election that changed.
29. Book titled Letters for a Nation written by Jawaharlal Nehru & Madhav Khosla was
published by Allen Lane an imprint of Penguin Books
30. Next China-India War- World's First Water War authored by General S. Padmanabhan
released.
31. The book titled Black Tornado: The Three Sieges of Mumbai 26/11 authored by Sandeep
Unnithan.
32. President of India Pranab Mukherjee penned a book titled The Dramatic Decade: The Indira
Gandhi Years published by Rupa.
33. Biography My Name is Abu Salem released written by S Hussain Zaidi and published by
Penguin.
110 | P a g e
OBITUARIES
BEST-OF-BEST ABBREVATIONS
#A
ACF --Auto-Correlation Function
AD-- Authorized Dealer
ADB --Asian Development Bank
ADR-- American Depository Receipt
AFS-- Annual Financial Statement
AGM-- Annual General Meeting
AIRCSC --All India Rural Credit Survey Committee
AO --Additive Outliers
AR-- Auto Regression
ARIMA-- Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average
AFS-- Available For Sale
ASSOCHAM --Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India
ATM--Asynchronous Transfer Mode
ATM --Automated Teller Machine
#B
BIS --Bank for International Settlements
BOI --Bank of India
BoP-- Balance of Payments
BPSD --Balance of Payments Division,
BSR --Basic Statistical Returns
#C
CAD --Capital Account Deficit
CAG --Controller and Auditor General of India
CBS-- Consolidated Banking Statistics
CC-- Cash Credit
CD --Certificate of Deposit
CDR--Credit Deposit Ratio
CDBS --Committee of Direction on Banking Statistics
CF-- Company Finance
CFRA-- Combined Finance and Revenue Accounts
CGRA-- Currency and Gold Revaluation Account
CII --Confederation of Indian Industries
CO --Capital Outlay
CP-- Commercial Paper
CPI --Consumer Price Index
CPI-IW Consumer Price Index for Industrial Workers
112 | P a g e
113 | P a g e
114 | P a g e
115 | P a g e
116 | P a g e
117 | P a g e
Goa--Shigmo,Bonderam,San joao,Panjim/Margao
Gujarat--International Kite festival,Modhera,Kutch Mahotsava,Bhavnath Mahadev fair
Saptak,Shamlaji,TarnetarVautha,Madhavrai
Haryana--Lohri,Basant Panchami,Gangore,Baisakhi,Teej,Nirjala Akadashi,Guggapir
Himachal Pradesh--Dham,Kullu Dussehra,Mandi Shivaratri ,Sati pradha
Jammu and Kashmir--Hemis,Lohri,Vaishno devi
Jharkhand--Karma,Sohari,Sarhul,Chhath puja,Jityya Bhaiya Dooj
Karnataka,Karaga,Dakkebali,Gowri Habba,Kanakadasa Jayanthi,Madikeri Dasara
Mahamastakabhisheka,Mailara Jaatre ,Mysore Dasara
Kerala--Onam,Thiruvathira,Vishu
MadhyaPradesh--Chethiyagiri vihara,Madai,Bahgoriya,Nimar utsav,Dhrupad samaroh
Maharashtra--nant chaturdashi,Bhau-beej,Gudi Padwa,Pola,Shayani Ekadashi,Vat purnima
Mizoram--Chapchar Kut ,Mim Kut ,Pawl Kut
Nagaland--Horn Bill,Nazu,Sekrenyi,Tuluni,Yemshe,Sankarni,Rengma Ngadah
Odisha--Chaiti,Dhanu,Kalahandi,Ghantapatua,Jagaddhagtri,Raja praba ,Rathayatra(puri),Samba Dashami
Punjab--Maghi,Lohri,Basant,Holi,Vaisakhi,Rakhri,Teeyan
Rajasthan---Baneshwar,Gangaur,Pushkar,Teej,Urs
Sikkim--Saga Dawa,Lossong,Losar,Dasain,Tihar,Gutor cham
Tamil Nadu--Brihadeeswara Temple car festival,Jangura Habba Erwadi Santhanakkodu,Mattu
pongal,Panguni Uthiram,Thaiusam,Thimithi
Telangana--Bathukamma,Bonalu,Sammakka Saarakka Jaathara,Peerla panduga
Tripura--Ker,Garia Puja
Uttarakhand--Phool Dei,Harela and bhitauli,Olgia,Khatarua,Bat savitri,Janopunya,Chippla
Jaat,Hilijatra
WestBengal--Bhadu,Haldia Utsav,Jagaddhatri,Poush Mela
FOLK DANCES
AndhraPradesh-Kuchipudi(classical),Ghantamardala,Ottam,thedal,Mohioniattam,kummi,Siddhi
madhuri,Chhadi.
Chhattisgarh--Goudi,Karma,Jhumar,dagla,Pali,Tapali,Navrani.Diwari,Mundari.
Arunachal Pradesh--Mask Dance,War Dance.
HimachalPradesh-,Jhali,Chharhi,Dhaman,chhapeli,Mahasu,Nati,Dangi,Chamba,Thali,Jhainta,Daf, Sti-ck
dance.
Goa--Mandi,Jhagor,Khol,Dakni.
Assam--Bihu,Bichhua,Natpuja,Maharas,Kaligopal,Bagurumba,naga dance,Khel gopal,Tabal
chongli,canoe,Jhumura Hobjanai.
West Bengal--kathi,Gambhira,Dhali,Jatra,Baul,marasia,Mahal,Keertan
Keral--Kathakali(classical),Ottam Thulal,mohini-attam,Kaikottikali,Tappatikali,Kali auttam.
Meghalaya--laho,baagla.
Manipur--Manipuri(classical),Rakhal,Nat rash,Maha rash,raukhat.
Nagaland--Chong,Khaiva,lim,Nuralim
Orissa--odissi(classical),savari,Ghumara,painka,munari,chhau,chadya dandanata.
Maharashtra--Lavani,Nakata,koli,Lezim,Gafa,Dahikala,dasavtar or
Bohada,Tamasha,mauni,Powara,Gouricha.
Karnataka--Yakshagan,Huttari,Suggi,Kunitha,Karga,Lambi.
Gujarat--Garba,dandiya ras,Tippani juriun,Bhavai.
Punjab--Bhangra,giddha,Daff,Dhaman.
Rajasthan--Ghumar,chakri,Ganagor,Jhulan leela,Jhuma,Suisini,Ghapal,Panihari,Ginab
Mizoram--Khanatm,Pakhupila,Cherokan.
Jammu&Kashmir--Rauf,hikat,mandjas,kud dandi nach<Damali.
TamilNadu--Bharatnatyam,kumi,kolattam,kavadi.
Uttar Pradesh--Nautanki,Raslila,Kajri,Jhora,chappeli,Jaita.
Bihar--Jata-Jatin,Bakho-Bakhain,Panwariya,Sama-chakwa,Bidesia,Jatra.
118 | P a g e
Haryana--Jhumar,Phag,Daph,Dhamal,Loor,Gugga,Khor,Gagor.
Jharkhand--chhau,sarahul,Jat-jatin,karma,Danga,Bidesia,Sohrai
Uttarakhand--gadhwali,kumayuni,kajari,Jhora,raslila,chappeli
119 | P a g e
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122 | P a g e
Coonoor-- tamilnadu
Coorg -- Karnataka(Kashmir of south)
IMPORTANT LAKES
1. Wular Lake-- Wular Lake is one of the largest fresh water lakes in Asia and the largest in
India, is located in Jammu and Kashmir
2. Loktak Lake-- Loktak Lake is the largest freshwater lake in northeastern India, located in
Manipur.
3. Damdama Lake-- Damdama Lake is one of the biggest natural lakes in Haryana.
4. Dal Lake--The Kashmir valley is blessed with exotic natural beauty of landscape and water
bodies, out of them one of the best is Dal Lake
5. Pichola Lake-- Lake Pichola is an artificial fresh water lake situated in Udaipur city in
Rajasthan.
6. Gurudongmar Lake--Gurudongmar Lake is one of the highest lakes in the world. This freshwater lake is located northeast of the Kangchenjunga range in Sikkim.
7. Chilka Lake--Chilka Lake is the brackish water lake and is the largest coastal lake in India.
The Chilka Lake in situated in Orissa and is Asias largest inland salt-water lagoon.
8. Vembanad Lake--Vembanad Lake is Indias longest lake and is the largest lakes in the
beautiful state land of God, Kerala
9. Bhimtal Lake-- The pride of Bhimtal is a beautiful lake which offers magnificent vistas for
tourists. The lake is larger than Nainital lake, uttarnachal
10. Upper lake--Upper lake is the largest artificial lake in Asia, situated in City of Lakes called
Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh
11. Kolleru Lake and Pulicat Lake --are two major lakes for number of migratory birds in IndiaAP
VITAMINS
VITA
MIN
NAM
E
Vita
min
A
DEFICIENCY
DISEASE
FOOD SOURCES
Retinol
Night
blindness,Hyperker
atosis
Vita
min
B1
Vita
min
B2
Vita
min
B3
Vita
min
B5
Vita
min
B6
Vita
Thiamine
Beriberi,wernickekorsakoff syndrome
Liver,orange,ripe yellow
fruits,leafy
vegetables,carrots,pumpkin,squ
ash,spinach,fishsoya milk, milk.
Pork, oatmeal, brown rice,
vegetables, potatoes, liver, eggs
Riboflavin
Niacin,Niacinamide
Ariboflavinosis,Glos
sitis,Angular
stomatitis
pellagra
Pantothenic acid
parthesia
Pyridoxine,Pyridoxamine,Pyridox
al
Anemia peripheral
neuropathy
Biotin
Dermatitis,enteritis
123 | P a g e
Vita
min
B12
Vita
min
C
Vita
min
D
Vita
min
E
Cyanocobalamin,Hydroxycobala
min,Methylcobalamin
Megaloblastic
anemia and
deficiency during
pregnancy is
associated with
birth defects such
as neural tube
defects.
Megaloblastic
anemia
Ascorbic acid
Scurvy
Cholecalciferol,Ergocalciferol
Rickets and
Osteomalacia
Tocopherols,Tocotrienols
Vita
min
K
Phylloquinone,menaquinones
Sterility in
males,abortion in
females,mild
hemolytic anemia
in newborn infants
Bleeding diathesis
Mahatma Gandhi
Mahatma Gandhi
Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan
Dadabhai Naoroji
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
Lal Bahadur Shastri
Lala Lajpat Rai
Ashutosh Mukherji
Dr. Srikrishna Singh
T. Prakasam
Sheikh Abdullah
Sheikh Mujibut Rahman
Chitta Ranjan Das
C.F. Andrews
Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Jayaprakash Narayan
Karpuri Thakur
Purushottam Das Tandon
Rabindranath Tagore
M.S. Golvalkar
124 | P a g e
125 | P a g e
State
Agra
Uttar Pradesh
Ahmedabad
Gujarat
Allahabad
Uttar Pradesh
Nickname(s)
Taj Nagari
Boston of India
Manchester of India
Sangam City
Amritsar
Punjab
Golden City
Asansol
West Bengal
Bengaluru
Karnataka
Pensioners Paradise
Space City
IT Capital of India
Bhagalpur
Bihar
Bhopal
Madhya
City of Lakes
Mini Mumbai
Pradesh
Indore
Madhya
Pradesh
Bhubaneswar
Odisha
Chandigarh
Chandigarh
126 | P a g e
Coimbatore
Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu
Detroit of Asia
Coorg
Karnataka
Scotland of India
Darjeeling
West Bengal
Dhanbad
Jharkhand
Shillong
Meghalaya
Scotland of East
Dibrugarh
Assam
Durgapur
West Bengal
Ruhr of India
Gandhinagar
Gujarat
Green city
Guwahati
Assam
Nilgiri
Tamil Nadu
Blue Mountains
Hyderabad
Telangana
Jaipur
Rajasthan
City of Nizams
HITECH City
Pink City
Paris of India
City of Palaces
Jaisalmer
Rajasthan
Jamshedpur
Jharkhand
Kanpur
Uttar Pradesh
Kashmir
Jammu and
Switzerland of India
127 | P a g e
Kolkata
Kerala
West Bengal
Gateway to Kerala
City of Joy
City of Palaces
Kolhapur
Maharashtra
City of Wrestlers
Kollam
Kerala
Gateway to Backwaters
Shiraz-e-Hind
City of Nawabs
City of Festivals
Temple city
Sleepless City
Lucknow
Madurai
Uttar Pradesh
Tamil Nadu
Malda
West Bengal
Mango City
Mangalore
Karnataka
Gateway of Karnataka
Maya Nagari
City of Dreams
Gateway of India
Mumbai
Maharashtra
128 | P a g e
Mundi
Madhya
Hollywood of India
Maximum City
Pradesh
Mussoorie
Uttarakhand
Mysore
Karnataka
Heritage City
Green City
Nagpur
Maharashtra
Orange City
Nainital
Uttarakhand
City of Lakes
New Delhi
Delhi
City of Rallies
Patiala
Punjab
Panipat
Haryana
City of Handloom
Pondicherry
Puducherry
Prayag
Uttar Pradesh
Pune
Maharashtra
Queen of Deccan
Purulia
West Bengal
Manbhum City
Rishikesh
Uttrakhand
City of Sages
Yoga City
City of Hospitality
City of lakes
Siliguri
Srinagar
West Bengal
Jammu and
Kashmir
Tezpur
Assam
City of Blood
Thane
Maharashtra
City of Lakes
Tiruchirappalli
Tamil Nadu
Tucker Trichy
Tirunelveli
Tamil Nadu
129 | P a g e
Udaipur
Varanasi
Jodhpur
Nasik
Surat
Vadodara
Visakhapatnam
Rajasthan
Uttar Pradesh
Rajasthan
Maharashtra
Gujarat
Gujarat
Andhra
White City
City of Lakes
City of Lights
City of Temples
City of Learning
Holy City
Blue City
Sun City
California of India
City Of Diamonds
Capital Of MS University
City Of Destiny
Pensioners Paradise
City of Kaja
Pradesh
Kakinada
Andhra
Pradesh
Vijayawada
Andhra
Pradesh
Bhimavaram
Andhra
130 | P a g e
Rajahmundry
Pradesh
City of Prawns
Andhra
Cultural City[42]
City of Chillies[43]
Pradesh
Guntur
Andhra
Pradesh
Vaniyambadi
Tamil Nadu
Warangal
Telangana
City of Lakes
City of Temples
Land Of Warriors
Zunheboto
Nagaland
River
At the confluence of
the Ganga and Yamuna
Ganga
Ganga
Ganga
Ganga
Alaknanda
Yamuna
Yamuna
Yamuna
Satluj
Satluj
Jhelum
Gomti
Gomti
Saryu
Ram ganga
Sabarmati
Chambal
Narmada
Mandavi
Kashipra
Tapti
Swarnarekha
Brahmaputra
Brahmaputra
Hooghly
Mahanadi
131 | P a g e
Mahanadi
Cauvery
Musi
Godavari
Krishna
Tungabhadra
Cauvery
INVENTIONS
Invention
Inventor
Television
J.L. Baird
Radio
Marconi
Telephone
Electricity
Benjamin Franklin
Thomas Edison
Thermometer
Radium
Marie Curie
Telescope
Galileo
Telegraph
Pavel Schilling
Electromagnetic Theory
Heinrich Hertz
Theory of Relativity
Albert Einstein
X-rays
Cosmic Rays
R.A. Millikan
Automobile
Ferdinand Verbiest
Penicillin
Insulin
Frederick Banting
Magnetic Tape
Fritz Pfluemer
Raman Effect
Bohr
Electron Theory
Boyle
Boyles Law
Dalton
Atomic Theory
Periodic Table
Dmitri Mendeleev
Michael Faraday
Geometry
Euclid
Structure of Atom
Ernest Rutherford
Law of Gases
Gay Lussac
Electromagnetic Field
Motion of Planets
Johannes Kepler
Principle of relativity
Galileo Galilei
Electron
J.J. Thomson
Photon
Albert Einstein
Theory of Atom
John Dalton
132 | P a g e
Karl Landsteiner
Quantum Mechanics
Max Born
Quantum Theory
Antoine Lavoisier
C.C. Patterson
Heliocentrism
Aristarchus of Samos
Heliocentric Model
Nicolaus Copernicus
Periodic law
Mendeleef
Venn Diagram
John Venn
Vierner Scale
Pierre Vernier
Atomic Number
Mosley
Newton
Ohm
Nuclear Reactor
Enrico Fermi
Fuel Cell
Celluloid
Alexander Parkes
Hydrogen Bomb
Edward Teller
Computer Architecture
Airplane
Steam Engine
James Watt
Logarithms
John Napier
Theory of Evolution
Charles Darwin
Transformer
Otto Blathy
Cinematography
Edison
Stethoscope
Rane Laennec
Thermo Flask
Dewar
Battery
Alessandro Volta
Barometer
Evangelista Torricelli
Camera
Steven Sasson
Analytical Engine
Thomas Edison
Diesel Engine
Rudolf Diesel
Helicopter
Broquet
Dynamite
Alfred Nobel
First Computer
Lift
Otis
Guitar
Adolph Rickenbacker
Laser Printer
Gary Starkweather
Mobile Phone
Martin Cooper
Micro Scope
Zacharias Janssen
Microwave Oven
Percy Spencer
Printing Press
Johannes Gutenberg
Video Games
Google
Mozilla
Facebook
Ralph H. Baer
Larry Page
Dave Hyatt and Blake Ross
Mark Zuckerberg
133 | P a g e
Micro Processor
Federico Faggin
Works
Foundation of Red Cross
Foundation of Scout
Foundation of Red Gaurds
Founder of Socialism
Father of Sanskrit Grammer
Founder of Anand Van
Founder of 'Auroville Ashram'
Founder of Shantiniketan
Founder of Vishwabharati
Founder of Pawnar Ashram
Founder of Bhudan Movement
Founder of League of Nations
Founder of Golden Temple
Founder of Khalsa (Panth)
Persons
Henery Dunant
Baden Powell
Garrywaldy
Archarya Narendra Dev
Panini
Babe Amte
Aurobindo Ghosh
Rabindra Nath Tagore
Rabindra Nath Tagore
Vinoba Bhave
Vinoba Bhave
Wooden Willson
Guru Arjun Dev
Guru Gobind Singh
Founder
Bengal
Gazette(1780)(India's
First
J.K.Hikki
Newspaper)
Kesari
B.G.Tilak
Maharatta
B.G.Tilak
Sudharak
G.K.Gokhale
Amrita Bazar Patrika
Sisir Kumar Ghosh and Motilal Ghosh
Vande Mataram
Aurobindo Ghosh
Native Opinion
V.N. Mandalik
Kavivachan Sudha
Bhartendu Harishchandra
Rast Goftar(first newspaper in Gujrati)
Dadabhai Naoroji
New India(Weekly)
Bipin Chandra Pal
Statesman
Robert Knight
Hindu
Vir Raghavacharya and G.S. Aiyar
Sandhya
B.B. Upadhyaya
Vichar Lahiri
Krishnashastri Chiplunkar
Girish Chandra Ghosh(later Harish Chandra
Hindu Patriot
Mukherji)
Som Prakesh
Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
Bhupendranath Data and Barinder Kumar
Yugantar
Ghosh
134 | P a g e
FIRST IN INDIA
The first President of Indian Republic
The first Prime Minister of free India
The first Indian to win Nobel Prize
The first President of Indian National Congress
The first Muslim President of Indian National Congress
The first Muslim President of India
The first British Governor General of India
The first British Governor General of Bengal
The first British Viceroy of India
The first Governor General of free India
The first and the last Indian to be Governor General of
free India
The first man who introduced printing press in India
The first Indian to join the I.C.S
Indias first man in Space
The first Prime Minister of India who resigned without
completing the full term
The first Indian Commander-in-Chief of India
135 | P a g e
first
first
first
first
first
woman
woman
woman
woman
woman
Airline Pilot
Honours Graduate
Olympic medal Winner
Asian Games Gold Medal Winner
Lawyer
136 | P a g e
first
first
first
first
first
first
first
first
first
first
first
first
P.V.Narasimha Rao
Lt. Ram Charan
Hawkins
Indira (Baby Harsha)
Kolkata(1727)
137 | P a g e
COUNTRY-CURRENCY-CAPITAL
S
No.
Country
Currency
Capital
Afghanistan
Afghani
Kabul
Albania
Lek
Tirane
Algeria
Dinar
Algiers
Andorra
Euro
Andorra la Vella
Angola
New Kwanza
Luanda
Antigua and
Barbuda
EastCaribbeandollar
Saint John's
Argentina
Peso
Buenos Aires
Armenia
Dram
Yerevan
Australia
Australian dollar
Canberra
10
Austria
Euro
Vienna
11
Azerbaijan
Manat
Baku
12
The Bahamas
Bahamian dollar
Nassau
13
Bahrain
Bahrain dinar
Manama
14
Bangladesh
Taka
Dhaka
15
Barbados
Barbados dollar
Bridgetown
16
Belarus
Belorussian ruble
Minsk
17
Belgium
Brussels
18
Belize
Belize dollar
Belmopan
19
Benin
CFA Franc
Porto-Novo
20
Bhutan
Ngultrum
Thimphu
138 | P a g e
21
Bolivia
Boliviano
La Paz (administrative);
Sucre (judicial)
22
Bosnia and
Herzegovina
Marka
Sarajevo
23
Botswana
Pula
Gaborone
24
Brazil
Real
Brasilia
25
Brunei
Brunei dollar
26
Bulgaria
Lev
Sofia
27
Burkina Faso
CFA Franc
Ouagadougou
28
Burundi
Burundi franc
Bujumbura
29
Cambodia
Riel
Phnom Penh
30
Cameroon
CFA Franc
Yaounde
31
Canada
Canadian dollar
Ottawa
32
Cape Verde
Praia
33
Central
African
Republic
CFA Franc
Bangui
34
Chad
CFA Franc
N'Djamena
35
Chile
Chilean Peso
Santiago
36
China
Yuan/Renminbi
Beijing
37
Colombia
Colombian Peso
Bogota
38
Comoros
Franc
Moroni
CFA Franc
Brazzaville
Congolese franc
Kinshasa
39
40
Congo,
Republic of
the
Congo,
Democratic
Republic of
the
41
Costa Rica
Coln
San Jose
42
Cote d'Ivoire
CFA Franc
Yamoussoukro (official);
Abidjan (de facto)
43
Croatia
Kuna
Zagreb
44
Cuba
Cuban Peso
Havana
45
Cyprus
Cyprus pound
Nicosia
46
Czech
Republic
Koruna
Prague
139 | P a g e
47
Denmark
Krone
Copenhagen
48
Djibouti
Djibouti franc
Djibouti
49
Dominica
EastCaribbeandollar
Roseau
Dominican Peso
Santo Domingo
U.S. dollar
Dili
50
51
Dominican
Republic
East Timor
(TimorLeste)
52
Ecuador
U.S. dollar
Quito
53
Egypt
Egyptian pound
Cairo
54
El Salvador
San Salvador
55
Equatorial
Guinea
CFA Franc
Malabo
56
Eritrea
Nakfa
Asmara
57
Estonia
Kroon
Tallinn
58
Ethiopia
Birr
Addis Ababa
59
Fiji
Fiji dollar
Suva
60
Finland
Helsinki
61
France
Paris
62
Gabon
CFA Franc
Libreville
63
The Gambia
Dalasi
Banjul
64
Georgia
Lari
Tbilisi
65
Germany
Euro
(formerlyDeutschemark)
Berlin
66
Ghana
Cedi
Accra
67
Greece
Euro (formerly
drachma)
Athens
68
Grenada
EastCaribbeandollar
Saint George's
69
Guatemala
Quetzal
Guatemala City
70
Guinea
Guinean franc
Conakry
71
GuineaBissau
CFA Franc
Bissau
72
Guyana
Guyanese dollar
Georgetown
73
Haiti
Gourde
Port-au-Prince
140 | P a g e
74
Honduras
Lempira
Tegucigalpa
75
Hungary
Forint
Budapest
76
Iceland
Icelandic krna
Reykjavik
77
India
Rupee
New Delhi
78
Indonesia
Rupiah
Jakarta
79
Iran
Rial
Tehran
80
Iraq
Iraqi Dinar
Baghdad
81
Ireland
Dublin
82
Israel
Shekel
Jerusalem(#)
83
Italy
Rome
84
Jamaica
Jamaican dollar
Kingston
85
Japan
Yen
Tokyo
86
Jordan
Jordanian dinar
Amman
87
Kazakhstan
Tenge
Astana
88
Kenya
Kenya shilling
Nairobi
89
Kiribati
Australian dollar
Tarawa Atoll
90
North Korea
Won
Pyongyang
91
South Korea
Won
Seoul
92
Kosovo
Pristina
93
Kuwait
Kuwaiti dinar
Kuwait City
94
Kyrgyzstan
Som
Bishkek
95
Laos
New Kip
Vientiane
96
Latvia
Lats
Riga
97
Lebanon
Lebanese pound
Beirut
98
Lesotho
Maluti
Maseru
99
Liberia
Liberian dollar
Monrovia
100
Libya
Libyan dinar
Tripoli
101
Liechtenstein
Swiss franc
Vaduz
141 | P a g e
102
Lithuania
Litas
Vilnius
103
Luxembourg
Euro (formerly
Luxembourg franc)
Luxembourg
104
Macedonia
Denar
Skopje
105
Madagascar
Malagasy franc
Antananarivo
106
Malawi
Kwacha
Lilongwe
107
Malaysia
Ringgit
Kuala Lumpur
108
Maldives
Rufiya
Male
109
Mali
CFA Franc
Bamako
110
Malta
Maltese lira
Valletta
111
Marshall
Islands
U.S. Dollar
Majuro
112
Mauritania
Ouguiya
Nouakchott
113
Mauritius
Mauritian rupee
Port Louis
114
Mexico
Mexican peso
Mexico City
115
Micronesia,
Federated
States of
U.S. Dollar
Palikir
116
Moldova
Leu
Chisinau
117
Monaco
Euro
Monaco
118
Mongolia
Tugrik
Ulaanbaatar
119
Montenegro
Euro
Podgorica
120
Morocco
Dirham
Rabat
121
Mozambique
Metical
Maputo
122
Myanmar
(Burma)
Kyat
Rangoon (Yangon);
Naypyidaw or Nay Pyi Taw
(administrative)
123
Namibia
Namibian dollar
Windhoek
124
Nauru
Australian dollar
no official capital;
government offices in Yaren
District
125
Nepal
Nepalese rupee
Kathmandu
126
Netherlands
127
New Zealand
Wellington
142 | P a g e
128
Nicaragua
Gold cordoba
Managua
129
Niger
CFA Franc
Niamey
130
Nigeria
Naira
Abuja
131
Norway
Norwegian krone
Oslo
132
Oman
Omani rial
Muscat
133
Pakistan
Pakistani rupee
Islamabad
134
Palau
U.S. dollar
Melekeok
135
Panama
Panama City
136
Papua New
Guinea
Kina
Port Moresby
137
Paraguay
Guaran
Asuncion
138
Peru
Lima
139
Philippines
Peso
Manila
140
Poland
Zloty
Warsaw
141
Portugal
Lisbon
142
Qatar
Qatari riyal
Doha
143
Romania
Leu
Bucharest
144
Russia
Ruble
Moscow
145
Rwanda
Rwanda franc
Kigali
146
Saint Kitts
and Nevis
EastCaribbeandollar
Basseterre
147
Saint Lucia
EastCaribbeandollar
Castries
148
Saint Vincent
and the
Grenadines
EastCaribbeandollar
Kingstown
149
Samoa
Tala
Apia
150
San Marino
Euro
San Marino
151
Sao Tome
and Principe
Dobra
Sao Tome
152
Saudi Arabia
Riyal
Riyadh
153
Senegal
CFA Franc
Dakar
154
Serbia
Belgrade
143 | P a g e
Seychelles
Seychelles rupee
Victoria
156
Sierra Leone
Leone
Freetown
157
Singapore
Singapore dollar
Singapore
158
Slovakia
Koruna
Bratislava
159
Slovenia
Ljubljana
160
Solomon
Islands
Honiara
161
Somalia
Somali shilling
Mogadishu
162
South Africa
Rand
Pretoria (administrative);
Cape Town (legislative);
Bloemfontein (judiciary)
163
South Sudan
Sudanese Pound
Juba
164
Spain
Madrid
165
Sri Lanka
Colombo; Sri
Jayewardenepura Kotte
(legislative)
166
Sudan
Dinar
Khartoum
167
Suriname
Surinamese dollar
Paramaribo
168
Swaziland
Lilangeni
Mbabane
169
Sweden
Krona
Stockholm
170
Switzerland
Swiss franc
Bern
171
Syria
Syrian pound
Damascus
172
Taiwan
Taiwan dollar
Taipei
173
Tajikistan
Somoni
Dushanbe
174
Tanzania
Tanzanian shilling
175
Thailand
Baht
Bangkok
176
Togo
CFA Franc
Lome
177
Tonga
Pa'anga
Nuku'alofa
178
Trinidad and
Tobago
Port-of-Spain
179
Tunisia
Tunisian dinar
Tunis
180
Turkey
Ankara
144 | P a g e
181
Turkmenistan
Manat
Ashgabat
182
Tuvalu
Australian dollar
183
Uganda
Kampala
184
Ukraine
Hryvna
Kyiv
U.A.E. dirham
Abu Dhabi
Pound sterling
London
Dollar
Washington D.C.
185
186
187
United Arab
Emirates
United
Kingdom
United States
of America
188
Uruguay
Uruguay peso
Montevideo
189
Uzbekistan
Uzbekistani sum
Tashkent
190
Vanuatu
Vatu
Port-Vila
191
Vatican City
(Holy See)
Euro
Vatican City
192
Venezuela
Bolivar
Caracas
193
Vietnam
Dong
Hanoi
194
Yemen
Rial
Sanaa
195
Zambia
Kwacha
Lusaka
196
Zimbabwe
Zimbabwean dollar
Harare
February
February
February
February
February
February
February
February
February
February
145 | P a g e
July
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
July
July
July
July
July
146 | P a g e
October
October
October
October
October
October
October
October
October
October
October
October
October
October
October
October
November
November
November
November
November
November
November
November
November
November
November
November
November
November
November
November
December
147 | P a g e
December
December
December
December
December
December
December
December
December
December
December
December
December
December
December
December
Football
Cricket
Table
Tennis
Badminton
Basketball
148 | P a g e
Bridge
Polo
Athletics
Air Racing
Billiards
Boxing
Golf
Chess
Horse
Racing
Netball
Rugby
Football
Shooting
Volleyball
Yatching
149 | P a g e
Cricket Stadium--Location
Eden Gardens--Kolkata
Wankhede--Mumbai
Feroz Shah Kotla Ground--Delhi
M. Chinnaswamy Stadium--Bangalore, Karnataka
Keenan Stadium--Jamshedpur, Jharkhand
Moin-Ul-Haq Stadium--Patna, Bihar
Raipur International Cricket Stadium--Chhattisgarh
DY Patil Stadium--Navi Mumbai
Jawaharlal Nehru Internationl --Stadium Kochi
Rajiv Gandhi International Cricket Stadium--Hyderabad
MCA Pune International Cricket Centre --Pune
Sardar Patel Stadium--Gujarat
Municipal Corporation Stadium
--Kozhikode
M. A. Chidambaram Stadium--Chennai
INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES
1. Line of Actual Control--India & China on the Northern Border
2. Line of Control
--India and Pakistan
3. Durand Line--Afghanistan and Pakistan.
4. Radcliffe Line--India and Pakistan (its includes Banladesh Line)
5. Blue Line --Isreal & Lebanon
6. Purple Line -- Israel and Syria
7. Green Line --Israel and its neighbours (Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon and Syria)
8. MasonDixon line-- Maryland and Pennsylvania/Delaware in Colonial America
9. Curzon Line--Poland & Russia
10. Military Demarcation Line (MDL)--North Korea and South Korea.
11. Armistice Line--North Korea and South Korea.
12. McMohan Line--India & China
13. Maginot Line--France & Germany
14. Mannar haime line--Russia & Finland
15. Oder Nisse Line
--Germany & Poland( aftermath of World War II)
16. Hindenburg Line--Poland & Germany(at the time of First World War)
17. Sigfried Line--East France & Germany (at the time of second world war)
18. 16 Parallel North--Angola and Namibia
19. 17th Parallel Line--North & South Vietnam
20. 20 ParallelLine --Libya & Sudan
21. 22 Parallel Line --Egypt & Sudan
22. 25 Parallel Line --Mauritania & Mali
23. 26 Parallel Line--Western Sahara & Mauritania
24. 31 Parallel Line --Iraq & Iran
25. 35 Parallel Line --US it serves as border b/w Tennessee/Mississippi,
26. 36 Parallel Line--US it Forms forms the southernmost of the state of Missouri
27. 38 Parallel Line --North & South Korea
28. 40 Parallel Line--US it serves as border b/w Nebraska & Kansas
29. 41 Parallel Line-- US it forms the border b/w wyoming/utah border, Wyoming/colorado,
30. 42 Parallel Line--US it serves as border of new york & Pennsylvania Border
31. 43 Parallel Line-- US it serves as border of b/w State Nebraska & state of south Dakota
32. 45 Parallel Line--US it forms the boundary b/w Montana & wyoming
33. 49 Parallel Line-- USA & Canada
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STRIKE RANGE(km)
150
350
350
700 1,250 km
2,000 3,000 km[
3,500 5,000 km
3,000 4,000 km
5,000 8,000 km
25
65
290
1000
700
3000
700
500m to 4 km
Techincal Abbrevations
1. SIM-subscribers identity module
2. CDMA-code division multiple acess
3. GPRS-general packet radio service
4. CCTV-closed circuit television
5. LCD-liquid crstal display
6. LED-light emitting diode
7. PEDs-portableelectronic devices
8. TFT-thin film transistor
9. IMEI-international mobile equipment identity
10. SAR--specific absorption rate.
11. LTE - Long Term Evolution - 4G
12. EVDO - Extended Data Only - a standard for wireless comm - used by BSNL
13. IMEI - International Mobile Equipment Identity
14. IMSI - International Mobile Subscriber Identity
15. UMTS - Universal Mobile Telecommunication System - 3G (W-CDMA Tech)
16. HSPA - High Speed Packet Access
17. HSDPA High Speed Downlink Packet Access
18. HSUPA High Speed Uplink Packet Access
19. AMPS - Advanced Mobile Phone Service
20. ANSI - American National Standard Institute
21. ITU - Interna tional Telecom Union
22. ASLV - Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle
23. EDGE - Enhanced Data for GSM Evolution
24. DAMPS - Digital Advanced Mobile Phone System
25. EBCDIC - Extended Binary-Coded Decimal Interchange Code
26. FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access
27. TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
28. PCM Printed Circuit Board
29. GSTN General Switched Telephone Network
30. ISDN Integrated Service Digital Network
151 | P a g e
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