ISSN: 1108-7765

ISBN: 978-960-9571-80-7

2016

18

2016

18



2016

2016

18


......................................................................................................................................................................................17
.......................................................................................................................................................................................25
......................................................................................................................................................................................29

1:  , :
..................................................................................................35

1.1 .................................................................................................................................37
1.2
2015

2016....................................................................................38

1.3 
...........................................................45

1.4 
........................................................................................................49

1.5


...................................................................................................56
2: 
...........................................................................................................61

2.1 .................................................................................................................................63

2.2 
..............................................................................................................64

2.3 ................................................69

2.4


.............................................................................................................................72

2.5 .....................................................................................76

2.6 
..............................................................................................................................78

2.7 ,
............................................................82
3:

, .........93
3.1 .................................................................................................................................95
3.2 ................................................................................................96
3.3 ................................................................................107
3.4 ...................................109

3.5

4:

, ..........127
4.1 ..............................................................................................................................129
4.2

2015.........................................................................................................130
4.3 
(2008-2014)........133
4.4 ........................138
4.4.1 
2010-2015.........142

3.6

...............112
...............................................................118

5: ...........................................149

5.1 ..............................................................................................................................151

5.2  ,
...................................................151

5.3 ..............................162

5.4  ...................................165

5.5 ..................................................................................170

5.6


...........................................................................................................................177

5.7 ...........................181

5.8


.....................................................................................187
: 
............................................................................................................191

........................................................................................................................................................................199


1.1:
1.2:
1.3:
2.1:
3.1:
3.2:
3.3:
3.4:
3.5:
3.6:
3.7:
4.1:
4.2:
4.3:
5.1:
5.2:
5.3:
5.4:
5.5:

ESA (.
% )....................................................................................................................................... 39
(. ,
).................................................................................................................... 41
(. )................................. 59
,

(2010-2015)................................................................................................. 77

(2010- 2015)............................................................................................................................... 114


(2010-2015).................................................................................................. 114
(2015)
............................................................................................................ 115
(2015)
............................................................................................................ 115

(2015) ............................................................. 116

(2015).................................................................................................... 117

(2015).................................................................................................... 117
(2010-2015)............................................. 130
/
(2009-2015)................................................................................................................................ 131

(2009-2015)....................................................................... 132
............................................ 152

(2005-2009 2010-2014)......................................................................................... 154

(2005-2009 2010-2014)........................................................ 155

(2005-2009 2010-2014)............................................................. 156

(2005-2009 2010-2014)............................................................. 157

 5.6:
5.7:
5.8:
5.9:

5.10:
5.11:
5.12:
5.13:
5.14:
5.15:
5.16:

5.17:
5.18:

(2005-2009 2010-2014)........................... 163

(2005-2009 2010-2014)........................... 164
MKE
(2005-2009 2010-2014)...................................................................................... 166
MKE
(2005-2009 2010-2014)...................................................................................... 167

(2005-2009 2010-2014).................... 168


(2005-2009 2010-2014)...................................................................................... 169

(2005-2009 2010-2014)...................................................................................... 171

(2005-2009 2010-2014)...................................................................................... 172


(2005-2009 2010-2014)...................................................................................... 173


(2005-2009 2010-2014)...................................................................................... 174

(2009 2014)........................................................................................................................ 179

(2009 2014)........................................................................................................................ 180

(2005-2014)........................................ 186


1.1: /
(2006-2016)................................................................................................................43
1.2: (2015 2016).................44
1.3:
(2006-2016)...................................................................................................................................45
1.4: (2006-2016)................................46
1.5:
(2007-2016).................................................................................................47
1.6: ()
(1995-2017)...................................................................................................................................48
1.7:
, -
(2010-2015)...................................................................................................................................50
1.8: ,
- (2010-2015).....................................51
1.9: ,
- (2010-2015).....................................52
1.10: ,
- (2010-2015).....................................53
1.11:
, -
(2010-2015)...................................................................................................................................54
1.12: ,
- (2010-2015).....................................54
1.13: ,
- (2010-2014).....................................55
1.14: (%)
( 3,5%)....................................................................................56
1.15: (%) 2 (
2,5% 33%)..................................57
1.16: (%) 3 (
1,5% 60%)..................................58
2.1: (2006:1-2015:3, %
,
, ).............................................64

 2.2: (2006:1-2015:3, %

, , )............................65
2.3: ,

(1995-2016, )...........................................................................................66
2.4:
(2006:1-2015:3, %
, ,
)......................................................................................67
2.5:
(2006:1-2015:3,
)......................................................................................68
2.6: (2006:1-2015:3,
,
)..................69
2.7:
(2006:1-2015:3, %
, ,
).............................................................................................................................................70
2.8:
(2006:1-2015:3, %
, ,
).............................................................................................................................................71
2.9: ,
(2006:1-2015:3,
, ).......................................................................72
2.10:
(2006:1-2015:3,
).............................................................................................................................................73
2.11: ,
(. ,
2010:1-2015:3 2015:4)...................................................................74
2.12: ,
(2006:1-2015:3,
)......................................................................................76
2.13: ,
(2006:1-2015:3, )...........................................77

 2.14: ,
(2005:1-2015:3, ).............78
2.15: (2005:12015:3, 2010, )............................79
2.16:
(2005:1-2015:3, )...........................................80
2.17: (1995-2015 2016).............81
2.18:
(% , 2006:1-2015:3).....................................................................................................83
2.19:
(. , 2006:1-2015:3)...........................................................................................84.
2.20: (. , 2006:1-2015:3).........85
2.21:
(. , 2006-2014).....................................................................................................86
2.22: (2006-2014)...............................86
2.23: ,
(. , 2006-2014).....................................................88
2.24: (. , 1998-2014).....................................89
2.25: ,
(%, 2006-2014)............................................................................................................................90
3.1: ( 15-74 ,
2004- 2015)..........................................................................97
3.2: ( 2008:3,
2014:3 2015:3)...................................................................................................................97
3.3:
( 2008:3, 2014:3 2015:3)...................................................................98
3.4:
( 2008:3, 2014:3 2015:3)...................................................................99
3.5:
(2014).............................................................................................................100
3.6:
( 2008:3, 2014:3 2015:3).............................100.
3.7: ,
(2001-2015)..........................................................101
3.8: ,
(2001-2015)............................................102
3.9: ,
(2001-2015)...................................................103

 3.10: ,
(2001-2015)........................................................104
3.11: ,
(2001-2015).............................................105
3.12: ,
-
(2013)................................................................................................................................106
3.13:
( 2008:3, 2014:3 2015:3)................................................................107
3.14:
( 2008:3, 2014:3 2015:3)................................................................108
3.15:
( 2008:3, 2014:3 2015:3)................................................................109
3.16:
(2004:1-2015:3).......................................................................................................................110
3.17: -
(2013 )...................................................................................................111
3.18:
(2010-2015)................................................................................................................................113
3.19: (%)
(2009-2014)..............................................................................................118
3.20:
( 2008)
- (2010-2014)...................................119
3.21:
( 2008)
- (2010-2014)...................................120
3.22: (%)
-15 (2009-2012, ,
2005)..........................................................................................................121
3.23: Gini -15 (2009 2014)..........................122
3.24: (%)
(2009 2014)......123
3.25:

( 18, 2009 2014).....................................................................124
3.26:

(%, 2009 2013)...........................................................................125

 4.1: ,
(2008 2014)...........................136
4.2: ,
(2008 2014)...............................136
4.3: ,
(2008 2014).........................137
4.4:
(2015:2)..................................139
4.5:

( 2009:2 2015:2)....................................................................................140
4.6:
(2015:2).................140
4.7:

( 2009:2 2015:2)....................................................................................141
4.8:
2010-2015 (
, ,
)...............................................................................................................142.
4.9:
(2010-2015).................................................................................143
4.10:
( 2016)...................................................................................................................144
4.11:
( 2010 2016)....................................145
4.12: (PPS)
( 2016)....................................................................146
4.13: (PPS)
( 2010
2016)..........................................................................................................147
5.1:
(2005-2009 2010-2014)......................................................................................158
5.2:

(2005-2014).........................................................................................159
5.3: (%)

(2005-2014)...................................161

 5.4: (%)

(2005-2014)..............................................................................................161
5.5: - 61
(2005-2009 2010-2014).............................165
5.6:
(2005-2009 2010-2014)......................................................................................175
5.7:
(2005-2009 2010-2014)..........................................................176
5.8:
(2008-2014)........................................................................178
5.9: (2005-2014,
, . ).......................................181
5.10: (%)
(2005-2014)..........182
5.11:
(2005-2009 2010-2014)......................................183
5.12:
(2005-2009 2010-2014)......................................................................................184



-
:

BE
BG
CZ
DK
DE
EE
IE
EL
ES
FR
HR
IT
CY
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK


2016
. ,
.
. ,
, ,

.
:

2015
.

.

, .
() 2016
,
.

,

2010-2015. ,
.
,

, .

.
, .

2016

17




.
() /
.

, , , 2018 .
.
2015 0,6%,
( 1,1%)
. ,
2015 ,
, .
,
2015,

.
, .

.
2013
, .
,
.
, 2009,
2013, . ,
,
, , 2011, ,
, . 18

2016

 .
,
, . ,

.

,
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,
,
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(47,7%) 20 24.
-, ,

.
.
,
,
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.

,
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,
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,
. 2010 30 , . , 48%
, 20,9%

2016

19

 , 43,4%
. ,
,
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, 2014
Gini 34,5, 1,4
2009.
,
.

.
2015 ()
, 94% . 282 , 263 , 12
, , 7 . , ,
.
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55%. 2014-2015 19,6% 45,6%.

.

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.

20

2016

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,

.
, ,
.

,
: 800 50% (14,5% 499
, 22% 500-699 13,5% 700-800 ), 8001.000 18,6% 1.000 15,7% (9,8%
1.000-1.299 5,9% 1.300 ).

, 2010-2015 24,7%
34,3% 25 .


.
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,
(2010-2014)
(2005-2009).

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2016

21

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2016


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2016

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2016

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29

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2015-2018. 2015
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2016

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2016

31

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2


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,
, . , . , . , . , .
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32

2016

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4 2015.
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. , . ,
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2016

33

 1
,
:

 ,
:

1.1


. ,

, 2015
. ,

.
.
, 2015,
2016,
.

-


.

,
.
(. , 2015). 1.5.
.

2016

37

1.2 2015
2016
2015
: ) )
- - )
)
.

.2 2016, 2015 -5.618 . , 3,2%
459 . 0,2%
2015 (. 1.1).
, 1.286 . (0,7% ) 7.408 .
(4% ). , 2015 349
. , 5.944 . 2015,3
2015 90 . .

,
, .
() ( 241 . 863 . ),
2. , -
-0,25% 2015, 0,5% 2016, 1,75% 2017 3,5% 2018
.

3. , ANFA
SMP ( ) 2.098 . 64 .
. ,
(433 . ) (94 . ).

38

2016


() ( 1.221 . , 750 .
). ,
( ),

979 . (
898 . 2015)
.

1.1: ESA
(. % )
2014

2015
2015
2016

1.

-9.526

-3.388

-5.985

-5.070

2.  (, ,
..)

-7.593

-573

-4.637

-2.966

550

863

241

315

3.

4.

5. (2+3+4)
(%)
6.
(%)

7. (ESA)
(%)
8.  (
)
(%)

9.
(%)
10.

697

-6.345

-750

-459

-1.221

-5.618

-3.695

-3,6

-0,2

-3,2

-2,1

6.989
3,9

7.867
4,3

6.904
3,9

6.821

644

7.408

1.286

3.126

0,4

0,7

1,8

555
0,3

5.595
3,03

-349
-0,2

919

317.117

316.900

316.500

327.600

178,6

171,4

180,2

187,8

177.559

184.870

175.658

174.438

: ( 2015 2016)

-1.044

3,9

0,5

: 2014, 2015, 2016

2016.

1.2

2016

39


.
51.421 . , 4.182
. 2015 1.670 .
.4 ANFA SMP,
1.921 . .
,
, . ,
, 54.951
. , 754 . 2015 713 . .
,
19.758 . ,
2.122 . 593 .
2015 (.
1.2). ,
,
2015. , (23.773 . )
2014, 1.380 .
2015,
176 . . ,
, . ,
,
ANFA SMP. , ,
()
.
4. 2015 ANFA SMP 2.015
. - 2015. ,
2015, 2016, 3.882 . 2014 2015.
(291 . ), Eurogroup 27
. , (. , 2015).

40

2016

 1.2:
(. , )
2014

2015

51.367

55.603

53.091

51.421

I.

20.464

21.880

19.165

19.758

3.474

3.512

2.868

3.180

12.207

1.928

2.855

2.474
2.710

11.842
1.675
2.780

.-.
2015

12.093
1.700
2.785

23.776

25.153

23.597

23.773

606

674

500

625

13.618

13.184

2015

14.411

13.519

13.629

8.702

8.922

8.798

8.760

381

391

315

310

469

II.
IV.

VI. (-)

465

450

3.579

3.291

3.550

3.901

384

577

268

254

1.817

V.

756

2.847

5.408

1.825

VII.

3.370

55.705

4.473

2.922

55.063

4.732

3.370

4.717

2.877

55.664

54.951

41.928

41.887

41.924

41.298

14.421

13.931

14.495

14.388

.
V.
V.
VI.

18.478
5.733
3.295
0

5.569

18.766
5.394
2.796
1.000

18.804
5.707
2.792
126

4.832

18.740
5.383
2.787
0

5.900

5.830

5.800

345

700

590

565

6.592

6.400

42

587

818

200
720

6.400

178
703

6.406

: ( 2016,
- 2015).

2016

41


/ 2010
1,20 1,16 2014 (. 1.1).
/
54,6% 45,4%.


.


.

, 2015 2014 41.298 . , 589 .

626 . . 626 .
. ,

.
,
. ,
(6.406 . ) ,
186 . 2,8% 2014.

. ,
157 . , 29 . .

, 2 .
( 1,5 .
).
, ,
.
,

,
. 2016 5,7 . 1,5 .
2015 (. 1.2). , 3,2 .
42

2016

 . , , ,

,
.
(1,65 . ), (187,7 . ),
. 2016,

3,7 . 2,1% 3,1 . 1,8% .5
1.1:
/ (2006-2016)

: ( 2016,
2015- 2015) ( )
: 2016 .

5. ,
2016 919 . 0,53% ,
47 . , 0,03% .

2016

43

 1.2:
(2015 2016)

: ( 2016)

:
.

6
.

(. 1.3).
2010, , , .

,
. ,
.

6. 2016 -0,7%,
2015.

44

2016

,
.
1.3:
(2006-2016)

: ( 2016,
- 2015)
: 2016 .

1.3

,
2015 179%
, 0,4 2014 ( 1.4).7
2,7 . ( 2,1 . 2014),

2015.
7. 2016
2015 180,2%.

2016

45

 1.4:
(2006-2016)

: AMECO

: 2016 .

, ( repos) 2015 ,


.
, 2018,

.
, (. , 2015), . ,
, .
1.5 ,
/ 46

2016

 .
2010-2015
.8 2012,
/,
(PSI). ,

, .
1.5:
(2007-2016)

: AMECO ( )

: 2016 .

1.6 ()

8. ., , Gechert and Rannenberg (2015)
2010-2014.

2016

47

 .9

,
Ponzi ultra-Ponzi.
2015 ultra-Ponzi.

.
Ponzi ,
.

,
.
1.6: ()
(1995-2017)

: AMECO, IMF (2010, 2012a) ( )

: 2016 2017 .

9. . (2012), (2014) (2015).

48

2016


(. 1.6).
, 2010-2015,
: ) ,10 )
) ,
,
. , (
,
),
,
Ponzi, (.
1.6).

,
.

1.4

.

, -- . 1.7
,
2010-2015.
,

- .
,
4,1%, 10. . IMF (2012b) Blanchard and Leigh (2013) (2015)
.

2016

49

 2,3% .

.11
1.7:
,
- (2010-2015)

: AMECO ( )

1.8
.
.
,
, , .
,

.

.
11. - . iAGS (2016) Euromemorandum (2016).

50

2016

 1.8:
, - (2010-2015)

: AMECO ( )

.12
1.9
2010-2015.


.
21%

. ,

.
12. ,
: ) , ) )
. AMECO, 82% 2010-2015.
88%.

2016

51

 1.9:
, - (2010-2015)

: AMECO ( )

, 1.10, 2010-2015
.


.
, ,
21% (. 1.11).

,
, .


. 1.12
,

52

2016

 - .

.
,

.
1.10:
,
- (2010-2015)

: AMECO ( )

: 2010-2014 2010-2015.

2016

53

 1.11:
, - (2010-2015)

: AMECO ( )

1.12:
, - (2010-2015)

: AMECO ( )

: 2010-2014 2010-2015.

54

2016

 1.13:
, - (2010-2014)

: Eurostat, AMECO ( )

(. 1.13). ,
2010-2014, 26%
.
-
.

(Heise, 2011).
,


.13


.
13. ,
. ., ,
2020 (European Commission, 2010).

2016

55

1.5

;
2015 .


.

, -
: ) 14 )
, / .
2019,
(effective tax rate) 2015,
46%. 1.14

-
2019. , .
1.14: (%)
( 3,5%)

: IMF, AMECO ( )
14. . Antonopoulos et al. (2014), (2015).

56

2016


2,1%
2019, .
168 '
7,75 . . ,

.
1.15 . ,
33%,
- 2,5% 2018
( 2). , 105 '
4,9 . .
1.15: (%) 2
( 2,5% 33%)

: IMF, AMECO ( )

3
60% -
1,5% 2018 (. 1.16).

2016

57


0,55% 2019. -

45 ' 2,25 .
.
2018
.
.
1.16: (%) 3
( 1,5% 60%)

: IMF, AMECO ( )

1.3 .
2,10%
7,74 . 168
2016-2019 7,75 . . 2
4,9 . , 3
2,073 . 45 . ,
58

2016


. ,
2015,
, ,
. .

1.3: (. )

(
3,5%)

2
(
2,5%
33%)

168

105

3
( 1,5%

60%)
45

4.657

2.911

1.247

931

582

249

2.150

7.739
25.410

1.344

7.750

7.750

7.000

4.837

16.510

576

4.900

4.900

2.073

2.250

2.250

6.600

*
. .

,
. (.
, 2015),
,
,
.
.
.

2016

59




2.1
2010 ,
.
2015

,
-.
.

.
,
.



.
.
, ,
.
.

2016

63

2.2
2015 2014.
. ,
2015, , . 2.1
. ,
2015 0,6%,
(-1,1%).
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35. . OECD (2015) Giannitsis and Zografakis (2015) , .

2016

119

 , . 3.21,

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.
3.21:
( 2008)
- (2010-2014)

: Eurostat, AMECO ( )

.
3.22, - 2009-2012 2005,
.36

.
36. . (2015).

120

2016

 3.22: (%)
-15 (2009-2012,
, 2005)

: Eurostat ( )

,

. , . 3.23,
2014 -
-15
Gini. , 2014 Gini 34,5 1,4 2009.

-15.

( ).
,
.

2016

121

, ( 3.24).

, 26,6%
2009 51,8% 2014,
28,7% 2009 46,4% 2014.

33%
( 15,7% 2009), 1 2
.
3.23: Gini -15 (2009 2014)

: Eurostat

3.25,
Eurostat,
3.24.
2014 20,9%, 10 2009.
.
122

2016


2014 43,4% 20,2% 2009,


.
3.24: (%)
(2009 2014)

: Eurostat

14,6%, 6,3 2009.

2014 13,1% ( 8,1% 2009) 17,6% ( 8,5% 2009). ( 10,2%
2009 13,1% 2014),
( 14,5% 2009 25,8% 2014).

2016

123

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2009 2013.
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( 18, 2009 2014)

: Eurostat

, 4% 2009 7,9% 2013.
,
1 10 .

(
2,1% 2009 5,3% 2013).
,
9,3% 2013 6,6% 2009. ,
2013 8,7%
5,1% 2009.
124

2016

 3.26:

(%, 2009 2013)

: Eurostat

2016

125

 4
,

 ,

4.1

,
.

.
2010
(N. 3845, . 3871, N. 3899), 2011 (N. 4024), 2012 (. 4046, 6 , . 4093), 2013 (N. 4172), 2014 (. 4254, . 4303)
2015 (. 4336).
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50 .
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), ,
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.

2015. ,
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2016

129

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( 4.1) 2015 , 94% . 282
, 263 , 12 ,
, 7 .
,
2012-2015, 90%
(2012: 97,11%, 2013: 96,69%, 2014: 93,77%). , 227 2010 976 2012,
409 2013, 286 2014 , , 263 2015, /
65 2010 12 2015.
2012, 976 ( 170 2011). 2012
. 4024/11 . 2013-2015
, .
2012 ,

586 (510 25 ).
,
.

2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015

4.1: (2010-2015)

/ /

65

227

14

14

409

38
23
14
12

162

170
976
286
263

2273

306

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423

96,69

215

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282

37

305

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130

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(%)
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2009-2015
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2015 . 2009
21% , 2015 55%. , 2009-2015
329% 707%.
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19,6% 45,6%.
,
.

4.2: / (2009-2015)

2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009

2009-2015

2009-2015 (%)

2014-2015

2014-2015 (%)

805.064

677.521

326.967

1.809.552

375.843

241.985

66.615

684.443

40.489

945.138

707,55

91,46

775.221
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586.281
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412.019
233.558
228.994
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519.783

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29.843 111.148
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224.545

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68.300

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286.478

864.414

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790.918
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289.671
198.227
806.261

50,5
46,4
39,6
33,1
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406,74

27,00

213.570

: , (
)

2016

131


(.
4.3).
2011
2009-2010,
. 2012,
84.490.

2013-2014, (2013:
58.054, 2014: 45.789), 2015 57.251.
2009-2015
237%.
1.645%
. ,
153% 277% .

4.3:
(2009-2015)

2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009

2009-2015

2009-2015 (%)

2014-2015

2014-2015 (%)

30.928
25.488
28.410
49.640
32.420
18.713
12.219

15.641
12.405
14.258
21.478
19.128
6.527
4.146

10.682
7.896
15.386
13.372
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612

26.323
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29.644
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58.054
84.490
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26.253
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277,26

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453,24

237,23

26,09

35,28

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5.440

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11.495
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21.565
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29,66

40.274
11.462
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(%)
46
44
51
41
45
29
28
54
53

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132

2016

4.3
(2008-2014)

( ,
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2008 2014.
,
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37. . Huselid (1995), Kleinknecht (2009), Lucidi (2012).

2016

133

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134

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2016

135

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2014

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2016

137



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(., , 2014
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(, 2015).
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0,5% 2015 (, 2015).
( 2015)
138

2016

 (. 4.4)
800 50% (14,5% 499 , 22% 500699 13,5% 700-800 ), 800-1.000
18,6% 1.000 15,7% (9,8% 1.000-1.299
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: , ( 2015) ( )

2009 2015 (. 4.5),
700 ,
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700-899 (25%
2015 27,3% 2009). ,
900-1.300 ,
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,
, , , 7,7%
2010, 0,5% 2011, 3,8% 2012, 1,2% 2013 0,8% 2014 (, 2015)
0,5% 2015 (, 2015).

2016

139

 4.5:
( 2009:2 2015:2)

: , ( 2009 2015) ( )

4.6 . 800 10,3%

(2,1% 500 , 3,5% 500-699 4,7% 700-800 ),
800-1.000 25,5% 1.000
51,6% (36,7% 1.000-1.299 14,9 % 1.300 ).
4.6:
(2015:2)

: , ( 2015) ( )

140

2016


2009 2015 ( 4.7)

1.000 ,
35,8% 2015 ( 18,9% 2009),
1.000-1.100 (13%). ,

1.100-1.600 , 34% 2105 ( 46,5% 2009).
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( 2009:2 2015:2)

: , ( 2009 2015) (
)

, 2010,

2010-2014 19,3% (-29,1% , -23,5% ,
-21,5% -12,7% ,
),
24,4% (-8,9%
2010, -4,7% 2011, -7,6% 2012, -5,7% 2013 -0,1% 2014).

4.8
2010-2015.
2%, 2,8%. , , 7,4% 40,5%
,
(, , ). (9,1%), (6,9%),
(6,7%), (5,8%), (5,7%) (4,8%).
, ,

2016

141

 (0,5%),
(1,8%), (1,9%) (3,7%), (4,1%),
(4,2%), (5,9%), (6,4%) (7,5%),
(10,4%) (20,1%).
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, .
2015
2 ,

.

4.4.1  41
2010-2015

/


41. 22 28 -
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.

142

2016

 .
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( 32% 25 ). ,
,
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.

. ,

2010-2015.42
, (43,7%), (37,3%),
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(4,8%),
(3,6%), (2,3%), (2,3%) (1,5%).
4.9:
(2010-2015)

: Eurostat ( )
42. Eurostat
()
.

2016

143

,
: (-3,7%), (-2,9%), (-2,5%), (-2,2%),
(-1,4%) (-0,2%).
, 2010-2015
24,7% 34,3% 25 .
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).
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43. 12 , ,
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144

2016

 618 791 ,
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215 431 ( -
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6 2012, 684
12 (586 14/12).

2016

145

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146

2016

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2016

147


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151

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2
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6
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10
11
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19

21

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28
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152

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36
37
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40
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42
43
44
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46
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49

51

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46. (2015), 2011-2013 86,9% 28 -
,

154

2016

 5.3:
(2005-2009 2010-2014)

..

2005-2009 ..

5,03

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3
4

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8
9
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,
18,8%.

2016

155

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1
2
3
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5
6
7
8

9
10

,
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: Eurostat ( )

2005-2009 ..
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,
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2
3
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2005-2009 ..
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2016

157

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. ,

. ,

.
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160

140
120
100
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60
40
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158

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40
60

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2016

80

100

120

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(2005-2014)

: Eurostat ( )

.48 Abdon et
al. (2010) 124 ,
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2016

159

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.
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.
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.
50. 5.1,
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160

2016

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: Eurostat ( )

2016

161


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162

2016

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1
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5
6
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10

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2005-2009 ..

2010-2014


21,53%
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( , , ,

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2016

163

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.

..
1
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5
6
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2005-2009 ..
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,


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,

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5,33%

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3,26%

10

2010-2014

14,63%

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,
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8,72%
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5.5
.
2005-2009
.
, . 164

2016


, .
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(2005-2009 2010-2014)

5.4
, , .52
52. .,
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2016

165

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..
1

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4
5
6

7
8
9
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,
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,
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166

2016

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4

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6
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9
10

,
,

2005-2009 ..

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: Eurostat ( )

0,377

9
10

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0,165

,
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0,258

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.
. :

2016

167

, , , .
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..
1
2

4
5
6
7
8
9
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,

: Eurostat ( )

2005-2009 ..
7,89%

7,74%

7,55%

6,87%

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3,45%

10

2010-2014

,



,

,

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10,86%

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7,44%

,
,
,
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,

,

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5,93%
5,44%
4,60%

5.10 54

54. 61 , 46 2005-2009, 2010-2014 26.

168

2016

 .
,
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,
.

..
1
2

4
5

6
7
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(2005-2009 2010-2014)

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,

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,
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,


,
,

,
,

2005-2009 ..
35,85%

2010- 2014

30,80%

30,28%

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8,48%

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3,59%

3,10%

2,34%

2,42%

2,06%

1,72%

10

13,69%

5,68%

3,46%
3,18%
2,33%

: Eurostat ( )

, 5.11

. ,

2016

169


2005-2014.
5.10 5.11,
.
, , , ,
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5.12 2005-2014. 2005-2009

2010-2014,
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.

170

2016

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1

4
5
6

7
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(2005-2009 2010-2014)

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,
,
,

,

,

2005-2009 ..
2,25

1,91

1,85

1,62

1,61

1,54

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1,39

10

1,36

10

1,64

2010- 2014

2,49

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- .

1,56

,
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,

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1,46

,
,

,
,

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1,58

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1,37
1,35
1,32
1,31

: Eurostat ( )

5.13 .
, 55.
,

. :
55. GO < D+W+IBT+II P+D+W+IBT+II < D+W+IBT+II P<0, GO , D , W , ,
.

2016

171

.
.
.
.
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..
1
2
3

4
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(2005-2009 2010-2014)

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,
,

2005-2009 ..
0,70

0,75

0,75

0,78

0,82

0,92

0,95

0,96

0,97

10

0,91

0,85

2010- 2014

0,58

0,69


,
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,
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,

,
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,

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0,84
0,86
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