Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Cadbury Report 1992 recommended that the boards of public cos should be required
to comply with a code of best practice which is voluntary& would required the cos to
explain in their annual reports &accounts the extent to which they had complied with
the code & the reasons for any non-compliance. It suggests that an audit committee of
a majority of non ex ds be set up to oversee the cos finance. Also the CEO &
chairman should be different persons.
Hampel Reort 1998 was to review & enhance the recommendations of the
Cadbury & Greenbury Committees- chairman & CEO are kept separate; a
balance between ex & non ex ds; no ds should be in deciding his own
remuneration.
The Combined Code- the accepted principles & best practices of Cadbury,
Greebury & Hampel were put together into a single code called the
Combined Code & is adopted by the London SE & included into the UK
Listing Rules.
In western Europe, Germany developed its own code of best practice the Cromme
Code.
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act 2002(SOX)- after the collapse of Enron, Worldcom etc the
US enacted the SOX design to improve the quality of transparency of financial
reporting, independent audits & accounting services. SOX key points include audit
committee, auditor independence, internal control report & increased finance
disclosure.