Full Lab Report Thermo

1.
Objective
The objective of this experiment is to study the characteristic curves of a centrifugal compressor.
2.0
Abstract
The whole idea of conducting this experiment was to decide the characteristic curves of a
centrifugal compressor. Ordinarily, compressor can be assign as a part of the system that used
energy conservation to alter the energy from one form to another. There are varieties of
compressors that are well-used in industries such as centrifugal and axial compressor in order to
increase the fluid pressure either in power plant, refrigerator or many more. As reported by
Shuangquan Shaw, 2004, in a centrifugal compressor, energy transposed from a set of rotating
impeller blades to the gas. Centrifugal compressor contradict to axial compressor by the flow of
air which in centrifugal compressor, air flows radially in the compressor while in axial
compressor, air flows parallel to the shaft axis. Centrifugal compressor deliver high flow
capacity per unit of installed space and weight, require less maintenance and have good
reliability rather than axial compressor.
In this experiment, performance of compressor is portrayed by the pressure ratio across
the compressor (CPR), the rotational speed of the shaft requisite to increase pressure and an
efficiency factor that stipulate how much extra work required relative to an ideal compressor.
Allude to the theory that been stated by T.P. Hynes, 2009, the value of CPR must greater than 1.0
and in order to attain that, the compressor must perform work on the flow by intensifying the
speed rate of rotating shaft. Other than that, the temperature for inlet and outlet and also the
efficiency also need to be determined. According to F.K. Moore, 2009, the efficiency will
decrease when the speed increase while for inlet and outlet temperature, both will increase when
speed increased. Besides that, the efficiency value must be preserved at 1.0 and in order to
achieve that, auxiliary work need to be done. The efficiency of a compressor can also be
improved by conducting in multi stages.
This experiment began with the start-up procedure where PC need to be turn on to start
the analysis software. Next, switched on the interface module and power meter at the front of
equipment. Steer clear of wet hand to avoid electrocution. Butterfly Valve in the outlet flow must
be ensured to be closed and at the same time, turned the knob for Speed Adjuster. The
compressor speed was observed via the software and keep on redressed to obtain desired speed
(rpm). Then, quickly pressed stop when green light appeared on the screen. The step was
repeated except for the Butterfly Valve and compressor speed that need to be adjusted. Lastly, for
shutting down process, click exit at HM292 software menu and switched off the interface module
including power meter and all the switches.
The results acquired for each compressor speed (10000rpm, 11000rpm, 12000rpm,
13000rpm and 14000rpm) were jotted down and graph of Differential Pressure(mbar), Total
Differential Pressure(mbar), Efficiency(%), Inlet Temperature( 0C), Outlet Temperature(0C) were
plotted against the Flowrate(m3/hr) via Microsoft Excel. Through that, it can be proven that, as
the compressor speed increased, so do the flowrate, inlet and also outlet temperature. While for
efficiency and pressure, both of them will decrease when speed increased. Eventhough the results
obtain were quite inconsistent due to errors, but it still can be associated successfully to the
theory. Some errors may come while adjusting the Butterfly Valve, compressor speed and also
during handling the HM292 software.
3.0
RESULT AND DATA
Speed: 10 000 rpm

Degree
of
Opening
Butterfl
y Valve
0
Volumetric
Flow rate
(m3/hr)
0.0
Volumetric
Flow rate,
Q
(calculated
) (m3/hr)
9960.613
10
0.0
9333.907
20
0.0
6600.069
30
0.0
6413.470
40
0.0
6600.069
50
0.0
6600.069
60
0.0
11324.947
70
0.0
19491.194
80
0.0
23948.428
90
13.471
26353.305
Temp
In
(C)
Temp
Out
(C)
dP1
(mbar)
dP2
(mbar
)
Total
dP
(mbar
)
dP
(mbar)
Electrical
Power, Pel
(W)
Efficiency,
n (%)
Efficiency,
n
(calculated)
(%)
Hydraulic
Power,
Phyd (W)
32.12
9
32.12
9
32.22
7
32.12
9
32.22
7
32.22
7
32.22
7
32.22
7
32.22
7
32.32
4
33.008
23.828
21.826
45.654
2.002
42.969
0.0
293.973
12631.717
33.105
20.459
18.701
39.160
1.758
39.063
0.0
259.919
10153.217
33.398
19.824
18.945
38.769
0.879
72.266
0.0
98.355
7107.724
33.398
20.117
19.287
39.404
0.830
72.266
0.0
97.140
7019.899
33.298
20.166
19.287
39.453
0.879
74.219
0.0
97.457
7233.126
33.496
20.068
19.189
39.257
0.879
74.219
0.0
96.972
7197.192
33.789
14.600
17.188
31.788
2.588
101.563
0.0
98.460
9999.928
33.984
8.154
15.820
23.974
7.666
111.328
0.0
11.593
12980.052
34.082
3.320
14.893
18.213
11.573
115.234
0.0
105.142
12115.909
34.082
0.0
14.014
14.014
14.014
117.188
4.475
8.754
1025.866
Table 1.0 shows the result obtained for speed 10 000 rpm
Speed: 11 000 rpm

Degree
of
Opening
Butterfl
y Valve
0
Volumetric
Flow rate
(m3/hr)
0.0
Volumetric
Flow rate,
Q
(calculated
) (m3/hr)
10889.937
10
0.0
10317.421
20
0.0
34853.260
30
0.0
34398.849
40
0.0
31879.807
50
0.0
25560.987
60
12.601
13561.243
70
20.760
29185.471
80
23.813
28767.310
90
25.202
28513.819
Temp
In
(C)
Temp
Out
(C)
dP1
(mbar)
dP2
(mbar
)
Total
dP
(mbar
)
dP
(mbar)
Electrical
Power, Pel
(W)
Efficiency,
n (%)
Efficiency,
n
(calculated)
(%)
Hydraulic
Power,
Phyd (W)
32.32
4
32.42
2
32.42
2
32.42
2
32.42
2
32.52
0
32.52
0
32.52
0
32.52
0
32.61
7
34.473
26.270
23.877
50.147
2.393
58.594
0.0
258.890
15169.380
34.570
25.732
23.584
49.316
2.148
66.406
0.0
212.838
14133.720
34.668
24.512
22.656
47.168
24.512
83.984
0.0
543.741
45665.516
34.766
23.877
22.754
46.631
23.877
115.234
0.0
386.666
44557.020
34.863
20.508
21.436
41.944
20.508
140.625
0.0
264.132
37143.517
34.961
13.184
19.434
32.618
13.184
164.063
0.0
141.163
23159.674
35.156
3.711
18.018
21.729
3.711
183.594
3.435
44.584
8185.340
35.156
0.0
17.188
17.188
17.188
183.594
5.399
75.898
13934.441
35.254
0.0
16.699
16.699
16.699
185.547
5.953
71.917
13344.036
35.254
0.0
16.406
16.406
16.406
183.594
6.256
70.778
12994.381
Speed: 12 000 rpm

Degree
of
Opening
Butterfl
y Valve
0
Volumetric
Flow rate
(m3/hr)
0.0
Volumetric
Flow rate,
Q
(calculated
) (m3/hr)
11431.655
10
0.0
11429.487
20
0.0
10201.492
30
0.0
5605.297
40
0.0
32256.876
50
21.299
13289.936
60
21.299
13380.983
70
29.743
31343.657
80
31.231
31072.114
90
31.231
30994.664
Temp
In
(C)
Temp
Out
(C)
dP1
(mbar)
dP2
(mbar
)
Total
dP
(mbar
)
dP
(mbar)
Electrical
Power, Pel
(W)
Efficiency,
n (%)
Efficiency,
n
(calculated)
(%)
Hydraulic
Power,
Phyd (W)
32.91
0
32.91
0
32.91
0
33.00
8
32.91
0
33.00
8
33.00
8
33.00
8
33.00
8
33.00
8
36.816
30.518
27.881
58.399
2.637
83.984
0.0
220.808
18544.367
36.914
30.859
28.223
59.082
2.636
105.469
0.0
177.850
18757.693
37.012
29.639
27.539
57.178
2.100
130.859
0.0
123.819
16202.803
37.109
26.855
26.221
53.076
0.634
175.781
0.0
47.013
8264.076
37.402
20.996
24.561
45.557
20.996
234.375
0.0
174.166
40820.181
37.598
3.564
21.484
25.048
3.564
263.672
4.821
35.069
9246.842
37.695
3.613
21.240
24.853
3.613
261.719
4.802
35.296
9237.710
37.793
0.0
19.824
19.824
19.824
261.719
6.258
65.948
17259.907
37.793
0.0
19.482
19.482
19.482
261.719
6.458
64.249
16815.192
37.695
0.0
19.385
19.385
19.385
261.719
6.426
63.770
16689.766
Speed: 13 000 rpm

Degree
of
Opening
Butterfl
y Valve
0
Volumetric
Flow rate
(m3/hr)
0.0
Volumetric
Flow rate,
Q
(calculated
) (m3/hr)
13561.243
10
0.0
13014.877
20
0.0
11537.376
30
0.0
1915.005
40
0.0
12638.170
50
16.498
25130.834
60
26.942
32778.092
70
32.651
34888.078
80
35.641
34258.096
90
36.892
34187.139
Temp
In
(C)
Temp
Out
(C)
dP1
(mbar)
dP2
(mbar
)
Total
dP
(mbar
)
dP
(mbar)
Electrical
Power, Pel
(W)
Efficiency,
n (%)
Efficiency,
n
(calculated)
(%)
Hydraulic
Power,
Phyd (W)
32.61
7
32.61
7
32.61
7
32.61
7
32.61
7
32.61
7
32.61
7
32.61
7
32.61
7
32.52
0
35.938
37.891
34.180
72.071
3.711
121.094
0.0
224.200
27149.232
36.035
35.986
32.568
68.554
3.418
132.813
0.0
186.608
24783.941
36.035
34.717
32.031
66.748
2.686
169.922
0.0
125.891
21391.577
36.133
32.861
31.787
64.739
0.074
242.188
0.0
14.219
3443.764
36.328
26.416
29.639
56.055
3.223
306.641
0.0
64.175
19678.684
36.426
14.551
27.295
41.846
12.744
343.750
3.639
84.980
29211.802
36.621
3.369
25.049
28.418
21.680
349.609
5.362
74.010
25874.662
36.816
0.0
24.561
24.561
24.561
369.141
6.035
64.480
23802.391
36.816
0.0
23.682
23.682
23.682
367.188
6.385
61.375
22536.117
36.816
0.0
23.584
23.584
23.584
369.141
6.547
60.672
22396.375
Speed: 14 000 rpm

Degree
of
Opening
Butterfl
y Valve
0
Volumetric
Flow rate
(m3/hr)
0.0
Volumetric
Flow rate,
Q
(calculated
) (m3/hr)
15001.330
10
0.0
13912.980
20
0.0
10722.549
30
0.0
8376.945
40
0.0
13648.666
50
22.339
27122.486
60
31.592
35198.490
70
37.198
37105.954
80
39.274
36679.461
90
0.0
15477.733
Temp
In
(C)
Temp
Out
(C)
dP1
(mbar)
dP2
(mbar
)
Total
dP
(mbar
)
dP
(mbar)
Electrical
Power, Pel
(W)
Efficiency,
n (%)
Efficiency,
n
(calculated)
(%)
Hydraulic
Power,
Phyd (W)
32.61
7
32.61
7
32.71
5
32.71
5
32.71
5
32.81
3
32.71
5
32.71
5
32.71
5
32.81
3
36.816
43.896
39.355
83.251
4.541
156.250
0.0
222.022
34690.992
36.914
40.625
36.719
77.344
3.906
164.063
0.0
182.194
29891.265
37.012
41.748
38.428
80.176
2.320
234.375
0.0
101.889
23880.308
37.207
37.939
36.523
74.462
1.416
298.828
0.0
57.982
17326.780
37.402
30.518
34.277
64.795
3.759
396.484
0.0
61.959
24565.703
37.695
16.992
31.836
48.828
14.844
457.031
4.322
80.492
36787.132
37.891
4.150
29.150
33.300
25.000
460.938
5.550
70.636
32558.603
37.891
0.0
27.783
27.783
27.783
462.891
6.202
61.864
28636.520
37.988
0.0
27.148
27.148
27.148
460.938
6.426
60.009
27660.389
37.695
45.215
40.381
85.596
4.834
193.359
0.0
190.324
36800.890
Differential Pressure, dp1 (mbar) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)
8
8.
94
23
11
32
4.
42
7
94
04
00
66
00
.0
69
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
69
.0
00
66
99
60
.6
12
99
99
99
99
94
Differential Pressure, dp1 (mbar)
04
26.00
24.00
22.00
20.00
18.00
16.00
14.00
12.00
10.00
8.00
6.00
4.00
2.00
0.00
Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)
Figure 1.0 shows the graph of Differential Pressure, dp1 (mbar) against Flowrate, Q (m3/hr) for speed 10 000 rpm
Total Differential Pressure, dptot (mbar) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)
8
8.
23
94
4.
32
69
11
00
00
42
7
94
04
00
00
00
00
00
00
.0
69
66
00
.0
00
66
99
60
.6
12
99
99
99
99
94
Total Differential Pressure, dptot (mbar)
04
50.00
45.00
40.00
35.00
30.00
25.00
20.00
15.00
10.00
5.00
0.00
Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)
Figure 1.1 shows the graph of Total Differential Pressure, dp1 (mbar) against Flowrate, Q (m3/hr) for speed 10 000 rpm
8
8.
23
94
4.
32
11
00
69
00
42
7
94
04
00
00
00
00
00
00
.0
69
66
00
.0
00
66
99
60
.6
12
99
99
99
Efficiency, n (%)
04
1
1
2
3
0 6 0 20 80 40 00
9 9 .0 . 0 . 0 . 0 . 0 . 0
0
0
0
0
0
94 0
Efficiency, n (%) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)
Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)
Figure 1.2 shows the graph of Efficiency, n (%) against Flowrate, Q (m3/hr) for speed 10 000 rpm
Inlet Temperature (C) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)
8
8.
94
23
11
32
4.
42
7
94
04
00
66
00
.0
69
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
69
.0
00
66
99
60
.6
12
99
99
99
99
94
Inlet Temperature (C)
04
32.34
32.32
32.30
32.28
32.26
32.24
32.22
32.20
32.18
32.16
32.14
32.12
32.10
32.08
32.06
32.04
32.02
Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)
Figure 1.3 shows the graph of Inlet Temperature (C) against Flowrate, Q (m3/hr) for speed 10 000 rpm
Outlet Temperature (C) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)
8
8.
23
32
11
94
4.
42
7
94
04
00
66
00
.0
69
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
69
.0
00
66
99
60
.6
12
99
99
99
99
94
Outlet Temperature (C)
04
34.20
34.00
33.80
33.60
33.40
33.20
33.00
32.80
32.60
32.40
Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)
Figure 1.4 shows the graph of Outlet Temperature (C) against Flowrate, Q (m3/hr) for speed 10 000 rpm
31
7.
76
28
56
13
00
00
31
87
9.
80
70
1.
00
24
01
26
3.
85
34
10
88
9.
93
28.00
26.00
24.00
22.00
20.00
18.00
16.00
14.00
12.00
10.00
8.00
6.00
4.00
2.00
0.00
Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)
7.
76
28
1.
56
13
00
00
31
87
9.
80
70
31
3
24
01
00
3.
85
34
10
88
9.
93
26
55.00
50.00
45.00
40.00
35.00
30.00
25.00
20.00
15.00
10.00
5.00
0.00
Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)
7.
76
28
1.
13
56
00
00
31
87
9.
80
70
31
3
24
01
00
3.
85
34
10
88
9.
93
26
Efficiency, n (%)
600.00
550.00
500.00
450.00
400.00
350.00
300.00
250.00
200.00
150.00
100.00
50.00
0.00
Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)
7.
76
28
1.
56
13
00
00
31
87
9.
80
70
31
3
24
01
00
3.
85
34
10
88
9.
93
26
32.65
32.60
32.55
32.50
32.45
32.40
32.35
32.30
32.25
32.20
32.15
Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)
7.
76
28
1.
13
56
00
00
31
87
9.
80
70
31
3
24
01
00
3.
85
34
10
88
9.
93
26
35.40
35.30
35.20
35.10
35.00
34.90
34.80
34.70
34.60
34.50
34.40
34.30
34.20
34.10
34.00
Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)
01
00
98
4.
66
40
13
00
38
00
0.
99
99
99
96
30
99
.2
05
56
11
43
1.
65
50
99
00
00
96
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32
0 0 .0 .0 .0 . 0 . 0 . 0 . 0 . 0 . 0
01 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)
01
00
98
00
0.
4.
66
40
13
00
38
99
96
30
99
.2
05
56
11
43
1.
65
99
50
99
00
00
99
00
01
96
65.00
60.00
55.00
50.00
45.00
40.00
35.00
30.00
25.00
20.00
15.00
10.00
5.00
0.00
Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)
01
3
07
31
11
43
1.
2.
11
40
13
00
38
00
0.
00
98
6
87
32
25
6.
1.
20
10
65
50
00
00
00
49
01
Efficiency, n (%)
240.00
220.00
200.00
180.00
160.00
140.00
120.00
100.00
80.00
60.00
40.00
20.00
0.00
Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)
01
3
31
07
2.
11
40
13
00
38
00
0.
00
98
6
87
6.
32
25
1.
20
10
11
43
1.
65
50
00
00
00
49
01
33.02
33.01
33.00
32.99
32.98
32.97
32.96
32.95
32.94
32.93
32.92
32.91
32.90
32.89
32.88
32.87
32.86
Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)
01
00
98
4.
66
40
13
00
38
00
0.
99
99
99
99
96
30
99
.2
05
56
11
43
1.
65
50
00
00
00
01
96
38.00
37.80
37.60
37.40
37.20
37.00
36.80
36.60
36.40
36.20
Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)

40.00
35.00
30.00
25.00
20.00
15.00
10.00
5.00
03
00
00
98
13
90
00
99
99
01
34
18
7.
8.
09
59
99
00
00
97
00
25
34
34
88
8.
07
80
99
99
99
99
99
19
09
8.
32
77
0.
83
39
99
12
25
13
.0
15
19
99
63
00
8.
17
01
6
00
05
00
00
53
7.
37
7
87
11
01
13
13
56
1.
4.
24
0.00
Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)
03
00
00
98
7.
13
90
00
99
99
01
99
18
34
25
8.
09
59
00
00
00
97
99
80
34
34
88
8.
07
19
99
99
99
99
09
8.
32
77
0.
83
39
99
12
25
13
.0
15
19
99
17
63
00
00
8.
01
6
00
05
00
11
53
7.
37
7
87
4.
01
13
13
56
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 . 0 .0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0
24 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3
Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)
98
34
25
8.
09
59
99
99
32
77
8.
09
19
99
12
99
99
8.
63
99
97
17
6
37
7.
53
11
13
56
1.
24
Efficiency, n (%)
240.00
220.00
200.00
180.00
160.00
140.00
120.00
100.00
80.00
60.00
40.00
20.00
0.00
Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)
98
34
25
8.
09
59
99
99
32
77
8.
09
19
99
12
99
99
8.
63
99
97
17
6
37
53
11
13
56
1.
7.
24
32.63
32.62
32.61
32.60
32.59
32.58
32.57
32.56
32.55
32.54
32.53
32.52
32.51
32.50
32.49
32.48
32.47
Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)
98
99
99
99
59
09
8.
25
34
32
77
8.
09
19
99
12
99
63
99
8.
97
17
6
37
7.
53
11
13
56
1.
24
36.90
36.80
36.70
36.60
36.50
36.40
36.30
36.20
36.10
36.00
35.90
35.80
35.70
35.60
35.50
35.40
Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)
3
73
03
7.
47
15
00
00
98
9.
67
36
37
10
5.
95
46
10
99
39
00
99
19
99
8.
49
01
00
60
00
35
00
99
99
2.
27
64
13
12
8.
48
66
59
99
99
99
99
44
.9
76
83
99
97
00
00
00
90
54
2.
72
10
99
01
98
2.
91
13
15
00
1.
33
50.00
45.00
40.00
35.00
30.00
25.00
20.00
15.00
10.00
5.00
0.00
Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)
3
7.
73
03
47
15
00
99
00
36
67
9.
46
10
99
99
19
39
5.
95
00
98
49
8.
01
35
10
37
27
12
2.
48
60
00
00
00
99
99
97
99
59
66
8.
13
64
.9
76
83
99
99
00
44
99
99
00
00
90
54
2.
72
10
99
01
98
2.
91
13
15
00
1.
33
90.00
80.00
70.00
60.00
50.00
40.00
30.00
20.00
10.00
0.00
Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)
03
49
36
67
9.
46
10
00
35
00
19
00
8.
99
13
64
8.
66
59
99
99
99
01
10
72
2.
54
90
00
15
00
00
00
1.
33
Efficiency, n (%)
240.00
220.00
200.00
180.00
160.00
140.00
120.00
100.00
80.00
60.00
40.00
20.00
0.00
Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)
3
73
03
7.
47
15
10
46
36
67
9.
95
39
99
00
00
99
99
00
98
49
19
00
35
5.
10
37
12
2.
48
60
00
8.
01
00
99
99
99
97
27
64
13
83
76
.9
8.
66
59
99
44
99
99
99
00
00
00
90
54
2.
72
10
99
01
98
2.
91
13
15
00
1.
33
32.84
32.82
32.80
32.78
32.76
32.74
32.72
32.70
32.68
32.66
32.64
32.62
32.60
32.58
32.56
32.54
32.52
32.50
Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)
3
73
03
7.
47
15
00
00
98
10
46
9.
67
36
37
10
5.
95
39
00
99
35
99
19
99
8.
49
01
00
00
60
48
27
12
2.
66
8.
64
13
00
99
99
99
59
99
44
.9
76
83
99
97
99
99
00
00
90
54
2.
72
10
99
01
00
2.
91
13
15
00
1.
98
33
38.20
38.00
37.80
37.60
37.40
37.20
37.00
36.80
36.60
36.40
36.20
Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)
4.0
DISCUSSION
Based on the result of the experiment carried out, there were 5 graphs plotted which are:
1)
2)
3)
4)
Efficiency vs flow rate

Inlet temperature vs flow rate
Outlet temperature vs flow rate
Total differential pressure vs flow rate
Speed (rpm)
10,000
11,000
12,000
13,000
14,000
Max efficiency (%)

8.754
75.985
65.648
84.980
80.492
Max flow rate (m/hr)

13.471
25.051
31.231
36.982
29.274
Table 1.5 shows the maximum efficiency and flow rate at the different speed
Characteristic curve between efficiency and flow rate where the efficiency of each speed
increase dramatically and start to remain constant at the end. From the data obtained, the
maximum efficiency and maximum flow rate of compressor at speed 13,000 rpm is 84.980% and
36.982 (m/hr) respectively followed by speed at 14,000 rpm until 10,000 rpm. At speed 13,000
rpm it shows the highest efficiency compared to other speed. This is due to error in experiment
carried out because normally the reading of efficiency should be decreased gradually as the
speed increase. From here, we can conclude that the lower the speed (rpm) the higher efficiency
it will produce meanwhile in terms of flow rate, as we increase the speed (rpm), it produced a
higher flow rate this is why because an increase in rotor speed increases the compressor flow
rate.
The sample calculation volumetric flow rate Q, Hydraulic power Phyd and Efficiency are shown in
the appendix.
Speed (rpm)
Max temperature (C) (Outlet)
10,000
32.324
13.471
11,000
35.254
25.202
12,000
37.793
31.231
13,000
36.816
36.892
14,000
37.988
39.274
Table 1.6 shows the maximum inlet temperature and flow rate at the different speed
Based on graph temperature against flowrate, the temperature outlet slightly increased
over flow rate. The outlet temperature against flow rate indicate that speed at 14,000 rpm shows
a higher temperature and flow rate compared to other speed. From table 1.6, at speed 10,000 rpm
shows a temperature of 32.324 C and slightly increase as the speed higher along with flow rate.
From here we can conclude that as the flow rate increases as the temperature increases.
Speed (rpm)
Max temperature (C) (inlet)
10,000
32.324
13.471
11,000
32.617
25.202
12,000
33.088
31.231
13,000
32.617
36.892
14,000
32.715
39.274
Table 1.7 shows the maximum inlet temperature and flow rate at the different speed
From the graph above, outlet temperature versus flow rate it indicate that speed at 10,000
rpm the temperature are lower than the 12,000 rpm and 13,000 rpm speed which is higher. For
the speed at 12,000 rpm the temperature start at 33.088 C at 31.231 m/hr. For speed of 10,000
rpm the temperature start at 32.324 C at 13.471 m/hr and keep increasing until 32.617 C after
flow rate reach at 31.231 m/hr. In this case, inlet and outlet temperature increase when flow rate
increase.
Based on the theoretical, the trend for higher temperature is increasing at the beginning of
the process just to start. As the flow rate increases, the temperature will increasing and
decreasing until the process is finish. At the end of the process, the temperature was increasing
once again which indicates that the process is almost finished. At the lower temperature, the
same trend of the graph is probable.
The pressure decreased gradually and not constant by moving up and down for each flow
rate. Besides, the pressures decreased dramatically for each flow rate. Based on the theory, the
pressure is decreasing with the increasing of flow rate. At lower pressure differs as the pressure is
increasing when higher the flow rate is applied. While, at high pressure the pressure is rapid
decrements with the change of the flow rate.
5.0
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Based on this experiment, the objective of this experiment was achieved which the
characteristics curves of the centrifugal compressor were studied. Besides, the graph of
Differential Pressure (mbar), Total Differential Pressure (mbar), Efficiency (%), Inlet
Temperature (0C), Outlet Temperature (0C) were plotted against the Flowrate (m 3/hr) which all
these graph have proved that as the compressor speed increased, the inlet and outlet flowrate will
also increases.
Besides, from this experiment there are some errors which lead to the inconsistent data
obtained. This is due to the errors while adjusting the Butterfly Valve which the valve was loose
so it has to hold until the results obtained. Next, the compressor speed also need to hold carefully
because it need to adjust properly until the speed appeared correctly on the computer.
6.0
REFERENCES
7.0
APPENDIX
CALCULATION:
For speed 10 000 rpm:
2 2(100)p
m3
Q d
(3600) in
4
2 2 ( 100 ) ( 2.002mbar )
( 0.44 m )
( 3600 )
4
kg
1.21 3
m
= 9960.613 m3/hr
Phyd
100(dp1 dp 2 ) Q
3600
3
100 ( 23.828 mbar+ 21.826 mbar ) (9960.613m )

3600
= 12631.717 W
Phyd
Pel
100% in %
12631.717 W
100
42.969W
= 293.973 %

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1.

RESULT AND DATA

Speed: 10 000 rpm

Speed: 11 000 rpm

Speed: 12 000 rpm

Speed: 13 000 rpm

Speed: 14 000 rpm

Differential Pressure, dp1 (mbar) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)

Differential Pressure, dp1 (mbar)

Total Differential Pressure, dptot (mbar) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)

Total Differential Pressure, dptot (mbar)

Efficiency, n (%) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)

Inlet Temperature (C) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)

Inlet Temperature (C)

Outlet Temperature (C) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)

Outlet Temperature (C)

Differential Pressure, dp1 (mbar) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)

Differential Pressure, dp1 (mbar)

Total Differential Pressure, dptot (mbar) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)

Total Differential Pressure, dptot (mbar)

Efficiency, n (%) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)

Inlet Temperature (C) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)

Inlet Temperature (C)

Outlet Temperature (C) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)

Outlet Temperature (C)

Differential Pressure, dp1 (mbar)

Differential Pressure, dp1 (mbar) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)

Total Differential Pressure, dptot (mbar) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)

Total Differential Pressure, dptot (mbar)

Efficiency, n (%) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)

Inlet Temperature (C) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)

Inlet Temperature (C)

Outlet Temperature (C) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)

Outlet Temperature (C)

Differential Pressure, dp1 (mbar) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)

Differential Pressure, dp1 (mbar)

Total Differential Pressure, dptot (mbar)

Total Differential Pressure, dptot (mbar) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)

Efficiency, n (%) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)

Inlet Temperature (C) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)

Inlet Temperature (C)

Outlet Temperature (C) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)

Outlet Temperature (C)

Differential Pressure, dp1 (mbar) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)

Differential Pressure, dp1 (mbar)

Total Differential Pressure, dptot (mbar) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)

Total Differential Pressure, dptot (mbar)

Efficiency, n (%) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)

Inlet Temperature (C) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)

Inlet Temperature (C)

Outlet Temperature (C) vs Flowrate, Q (m3/hr)

Outlet Temperature (C)

Efficiency vs flow rate

Max efficiency (%)

Max flow rate (m/hr)

Max temperature (C) (Outlet)

Max flow rate (m/hr)

Max temperature (C) (inlet)

Max flow rate (m/hr)

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

100 ( 23.828 mbar+ 21.826 mbar ) (9960.613m )

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