IN EVERY STEP OF ACHIVING ANY CONCERT, THERE IS NEED

OF GUIDENCE, INSPIRATION & HELP FOR BETTER RESULT.

I AM HEREBY THANKFULL TO FOLLOWING PERSONS FOR NOT
ONLY THEIR VALUABLE INSTRUCTIONS THAT THEY GIVEN ME
TO PREPARE THIS PROJECT REPORT BUT ALSO FOR THEIR
COOPERATION DURING TRAINING PERIOD.
1. Er. Mr. Santosh Kumar Gupta, XEN/TRG.
2. Er. S.R. Sharma, XEN/EMD-I
3. Er. Shyam Lal, AEE/EMD-I
4. Er. Harish Bhardwaj, AAE-/EMD-I
I AM EQUALLY THANKFUL TO ALL OTHER WORKERS WHO
TRIED THEIR BEST TO HELP ME & PROVIDED ME
INFORMATIONS REQUIRED FOR TRAINING AND MY FRIENDS
WHO DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY HELPED ME FOR COMPLETION
OF THIS PROJECT REPORT.

CERTIFICATE
To whomsoever it may concern ,Rahul Aggarwal(7EE-73) a student of
Electrical & Electronics discipline from Lingayas Inst. of Mgt. &
Tech.,Faridabad has completed his vocational training in Panipat Thermal
Power Station ,Panipat from 5th July to 4th August ,2010. During the above
period, we found him to be very sincere and hardworking. He is well mannered
and is very pleasant to move with. I have read the report submitted by him ,it
meets the expectations and it accurately reflects the work done by him.

Er. Harish Bhardwaj

AAE-I/EMD-I

Er. Shyam Lal

AEE/EMD-I

Er. S.R. Sharma

XEN/EMD-I

INDEX

* INTRODUCTION
* FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
* 6.6 KV SUPPLY SYSTEM
* MOTOR
H.T.MOTORS
L.T MOTORS
* TRANSFORMERS
* SWITCHYARD COMPONENTS
* TURBO GENERATOR

INTRODUCTION

THE SALIENT FEATURES OF THE PLANT ARE AS UNDER:

CAPACITY

4X110MW+2X210MW+2X250MW

UNIT-1

01-11-1979

UNIT-2

27-03-1980

UNIT-3

01-01-1985

UNIT-4

11-01-1987

UNIT-5

28-03-1989

UNIT-6

04-07-2001

UNIT-7

16-10-2004

UNIT-8

02-02-2005

DAILY COAL
REQ.

15,000M.T.

HEIGHT OF
COOLING
TOWERS

123.5 mtr. IN STAGE 1&2

143.5 mtr. IN STAGE 3&4
140 mtr. IN STAGE 5&6

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
THE THERMAL POWER STATION BURNS FUEL & USES
THE
RESULTANT TO MAKE THE STEAM ,WHICH DERIVES THE TURBO
GENERATOR. THE FUEL i.e. COAL IS BURNT IN PULVERISED FORM .

THE PRESSURE ENERGY OF THE STEAM PROUDCED IS CONVERTED

INTO MECHANICAL ENERGY WITH THE HELP OF TURBINE . THE
MECHANICAL ENERGY IS FED TO THE GENERTOR WHERE THE
MAGNETS ROTATES INSIDE A SET OF STATOR WINDING & THUS
ELECTRICITY IS PROUDUCED. IN INDIA 65% OF TOTAL POWER IS
GENERATED BY THERMAL POWER STATIONS. TO UNDERSTAND THE
WORKING OF THE THERMAL POWER STATION PLANT ,WE CAN DIVIDE
THE WHOLE PROCESS INTO FOLLOWING PARTS :
1.COAL FLOW:
IN COAL FIRED PLANTS, RAW MATERIAL ARE AIR &WATER
.IN PTPS ,COAL IS TRANSPORTED THROUGH RAILWAY WAGONS
FROM M\s. COAL INDIA & IS KEPT RESERVED ON A BUFFER STOCK
.THE BROUGHT OUT TO THE STATION IS UNLODED WITH THE HELP
OF WAGON TIPPLER .AFTER UNLOADING ,THE COAL IS SENT TO
CRUSHER HOUSE WITH THE HELPOF CONVEYOR BELTS. THE COAL
WHICH IS NOW RESUCED TO VERY SMALL PIECES,IS SENT TO THE
COAL BUNKERS WITH THE HELP OF CONVEYOR BELT .THE RAW
COAL IS FED TO COAL MILLS THROUGH RAW COAL FEEDERS . RAW
COAL FEEDERS BASICALLY REGULATE RAW COAL TO PULVERISE
MILL. THE RAW PULVERISED COAL IS FED TO THE FURNACEWITH
THE HELP OF PRIMARY FAN THROUGH PULVERISED COAL PIPES .A
PORITION OF THE PRIMARY AIR IS HEATED UTILISING THE HEAT OF
THE FLUE GASES & THEN MIXED WITH THE COLD AIR AS PER
REQUIREMENT BY THE PULVERISED COAL. NORMALLY THE TEMP. OF
IS MAINTAINED AT 60 TO 70 DEGREES .THE COAL IS NOW BURNT IN
THE FURNACE USING OIL IN THE BEGINNING, SHOWERD THROUGH
THE NOZZLES AT DIFFERENT ELEVATIONS IN THE FURNACE .TO
PROVIDE AIR FOR COMBUTION ,THE HEAT OF THE FLUE GASES ALSO
HEAT IT. THE HEAT PRODUCED DUE TO COMBUTION IS UTILISED FOR
THE CONVERSION OF WATER INTO STEAM .THIS WATER IS STORED
IN THE BOILER DRUM .THERE ARE TWO SETS OF PIPES ATTACHED TO
THE DRUM ,ONE CALLED RISER & OTHER KNOWN AS DOWN CORNER
THROUGH WHICH THE WATER COMES TO THE RING HEADER & STEAM
MOVES UP DUE TO THE DENSITY DIFFERENCE OF WATER & STEAM . THIS
STEAM IS SUPER HEATED USING SUPER HEATERS & MEANWHILE THE
FLUE GASES ARE THROUGHOUT IN THE ATMOSPHERE THROUGH
CHIMNEY.

2. STEAM FLOW:

THE SUPER HEATED STEAM IS SENT TO THE TURBINE THROUGH

PIPELINES.THERE ARE THREE TURBINES IN THE UNITS, USING THIS
STEAM AT DIFFERENT TEMP. & PRESSURES. AFTER PASSING THROUGH
HIGH PRESSURE TURBINE THE STEAM IS SENT TO THE REHEATER FOR
RISING THE TEMP. OF THE STEAM.AFTER REHEATING THE STEAM IS SENT
TO THE INTERMEDIATE PRESSURE TURBINE THROUGH REHEATED LINE.
HERE IT LOSSES MOST OF ITS TEMP. & PRESSURE, & FINALLY SENT TO
LOW PRESSURE TURBINE. THE USES OF THREE DIFFERENT TURBINES
HELPS IN INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE PLANT. THE TURBINE IN
TURN CONNECTING WITH A GENERATOR PRODUCES ELECTRICITY. THEN
THIS ELECTRICITY IS STEPPED UPTO 220 KV WITH THE HELP OF STEP UP
TRANSFORMER & SUPPLIED TO VARIOUS SUBSTATIONS/GRIDS.
MEANWHILE, THE STEAM THROUGH LOW PRESSURE ( L.P.)
TURBINE IS CONDENSED AND THE CONDENSED WATER IS STORED IN HOT
WELL.

3.WATER FLOW:
THE CONDENSED WATER IS EXTRACTED FROM THE HOT WELL
THROUGH CONDENSATE EXTRACTION PUMPS & SENT TO THE BOILER DRUM
WITH THE HELP OF BOILER FEED PUMP (B.F.P.) BEFORE PASSING THROUGH
LOW PRESSURE HEATER AND DEARETER. WHILE LOSS IN WATER IS MADE UP
FROM C.S. TANK, WHICH HAVE D.M. MOOR IN IT. THE C.S TANK IS DIRECTLY
CONNECED TO HOT WELL.
THE WATER USED IN CONDENSOR IS SENT TO COOLING TOWER FOR
COOLING . AFTER COOLING THIS WATER IS AGAIN SENT TO CONDENSOR WITH
THE HELP OF CIRCULATING WATERPUMP. THE LOSS IS MADE UP FROM RAW
WATER PUMP HOUSE THROUGH CALORIFIER PUMP HOUSE.

BOILER FEED PUMP

BRIEF EXPLANATION

1.WAGON TIPPLER:-IT IS THE MACHINE WHICH IS USED TO TIP THE

COAL FROM THE WAGON . THE COAL TIPPED IS DIRECTLY FED TO
CONVEYOR BELT. ITS CAPICITY IS 12 WAGON PER HOUR .
2.CRUSHER:-IT CRUSH THE COAL INTO SMALL PIECES.
3.COAL MILLS:-IN IT SMALL PIECES OF COAL ARE CONVERTED INTO
PULVERISED FORM. THEY ARE 6 IN NUMBER.
4.FURNACE:-IT IS THE CHAMBER IN WHICH FUEL BURNS & FIRE
BLOWS.
5.BOILER DRUM:-IT CONTAINS WATER FOR BOILING.
6.ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR:-IN THIS WE HAVE ELECTRODES
WHICH ATTRACTS FLY ASH AND EXTRACT IT FROM FLUE GASES SO
THAT IT CAN NOT ENTER ATMOSPHERE.
7.CHIMNEY;-IT IS USED TO RELEASE FLUE GASES INTO THE
ATMOSPHERE.
8.TURBINE:-TURBINE IS THE PART WHICH REVOLVES DUE TO STEAM
PRESSURE.IT IS OF THREE TYPES:
a).HIGH PRESSURE TURBINE
b).INTERMEDIATE PRESSURE TURBINE.
c).LOW PRESSURE TURBINE.
9.TURBO GENERATOR:-IT IS THE MAIN MACHINE WHICH PRODUCES
210 MW ELECTRICITY. IT IS WATER AND H2(HYDROGEN) GAS COOLED.
THEREFORE IT IS CONTAINED IN CYLINDRICAL CHAMBER.
10.CONDENSOR:-IT CONDENSE STEAM
PRESSURE TURBINE(L.P.T.) TO HOT WATER.

COMING

FROM

LOW

11.COOLING WATER (C.W.) PUMP :-THIS PUMP SEND WATER FROM

COOLING TOWER TO CONDENSOR.
12.COOLING TOWER:-IT IS USED TO COOL THE WATER ITS HEIGHT IS
NEAR ABOUT 143.5 mtr.
13.RAW WATER PUMP HOUSE :-IT SUPPLIES RAW WATER TO THE
BOILER.
14.CLEARIFIER PUMP HOUSE:-THE WATER FROM RAW IS CLEARED AT
CLEARIFIER BY PUTTING ALUM IN IT & FILTERING IT & THEN SUPPLIED
TO THE CONDENSOR.
15.CONDENSATE EXTRACTION PUMP:- C.E.P. PUMP IS USED TO
EXTRACT THE CONDENSE WATER FROM THE HOT WELL AND SUPPLY
TO THE DEAREATER AFTER PASSING THROUGH L.P. HEATER&
ECONOMISIER,SO THAT HIGH PRESSURE STEAM IN THE CYLINDER
CAN BE CREATED.
16.LOW PRESSURE HEATER:-IT IS USED TO INCREASE THE
TEMPERATURE OF WATER, IN THIS WAY EFFICIENCY OF SYSTEM
INCREASES.
17.DEAREATER:-IT IS USED TO REMOVE AIR FROM WATER,WHICH IS
ENTRAPPED IN THE WATER MOLECULES. IT IS VERY IMPORTANT PART
BECAUSE THE ENTRAPPED AIR EFFECT AIR DRUM BADLY.
18.BOILER FEED PUMP(B.F.P.):-IT IS THE HEAVIEST DRIVE IN THE
PLANT & SUPPLY WATER TO BOILER DRUM FROM DEAREATER.
19.HIGH PRESSURE HEATER(H.P.):-IN THIS TEMPERATURE OF WATER
INCREASES, THUS EFFICIENCY FURTHER INCREASES.
20.ECONOMISER:-IN THIS FLUE GASES EXCHANGE HEAT TO THE
WATER TO INCREASE SYSTEM EFFICIENCY.

GENERAL WORKING DIAGRAM

6.6

KV CIRCUIT BREAKER
A CIRCUIT BREAKER IS A DEVICE WHICH:MAKES OR BREAKS A CIRCUIT EITHER MANUALLY OR BY REMOTE
CONTROL UNDER NORMAL CONDITIONS.
BREAKS A CIRCUIT AUTOMATICALLY UNDER FAULT CONDITIONS.

THUS A CIRCUIT BREAKER IS JUST A SWITCH WHICH CAN BE

OPERATED UNDER NORMAL & ABNORMAL CONDITIONS BOTH
AUTOMATIC OR MANUALLY. TO PERFORM THIS OPERATION ,A
CIRCUIT BREAKER IS ESSENTIAL CONSISTING OF FIXED AND
MOVING CONTACTS CALLED ELECTODES. WHEN A FAULT
OCCURES ON POWER SYSTEM, THE TRIP COIL OF CIRCUIT
BREAKERIS ENERGISED WHICH PULLS APART MOVING
CONTACTS, THUS OPEN THE CIRCUIT DC SUPPLY IS USED FOR
THE OPERATION OF CIRCUIT BREAKER.ON THE BASIS OF
MEDIUM USED FOR A EXTINCTION THE CIRCUIT BREAKER ARE
CLASSIFIED AS :
1.
2.
3.

OIL CIRCUIT BREAKERS

AIR BLAST CIRCUIT BREAKER
SULPHER HEXAFLUORIDE CIRCUIT BREAKER.
OIL CIRCUIT BREAKER
IT IS WELL KNOWN THAT WHEN A CIRCUIT CARRYING A LARGE
CURRENT IS BROKEN, AN ARC OCCURS AT THAT POINT WHERE THE
CONTACTS ARE SEPARATE, THE ARCHING IS SPECIALLY SEVERE
WHEN HIGH VOLTAGES ARE INVOLVED AND IF A SHORT CIRCUIT
OCCURS ON A HIGH VOLTAGE CABLE WHICH IS SUPPLIED FROM
LARGE POWER STATION. THE ARC WOULD BE POWERFULL TO BRIDGE
THE CONTACTS OF THE SWITCH AND DESTROY IT BY BURNING. THE
DEVICE IS EMPLOYED AS AN OIL BREAKER. AN OIL BREAKER POSSES
THE PROPERTY OF ALWAYS BREAKING AN ALTERNATIVE CURRENT AT
ITS ZERO VALUE.
THESE SWITCHES ARE SUITABLE FOR A MAXIMUM VOLTAGE OF 6.6 KV.
THE CONTACTS OF THESE SWITCHES , WHICH BREAKS HIGH TENSION
CIRCUIT, ARE IMMERSED IN OIL TO ENSURE RAPID & EFFECTIVE
RAPTURE OF THE CIRCUIT. WHEN THE ARC OCCURS, THE OIL IN ITS
PATH IS VAPORISED AND THE GAS THEREBY GENERATED EXTRACT A
PRESSURE ON THE SURRROUNDING OIL. THIS PRESSURE IS UTILISED
IN ARC CONTROLLED DEVICES TO CAUSE A MOVEMENT OF FRESH
COOL OIL ACROSS THE PATH OF THE ARC, THEREBY EFFICIENTLY
ASSISTING ITS INTERRUPTION.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

SPECIFICATION:LOW OIL CIRCUIT BREAKER

TYPE E7531/10.
VOLTAGE:- 6.6/11KV
CURRENT:- 3150 A.
FREQUENCY:- 50HZ
SHORT TIME CURRENT:- 50/35KA FOR 1/3 S
BREAKING CURRENT:- 44/39.4KA
WEIGHT:- 350KGS

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

TYPE:- E7512/10.
VOLTAGE:- 6.6/11KV
CURRENT:- 1250A
FREQUENCY:- 50HZS
SHORT TIME CURRENT:- 50/40KA FOR 1/3S
BREAKING CURRENT:- 44/39.4KA
WEIGHT:- 210KGS
TYPE:- E7525/10

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

VOLTAGE:- 6.6/11 KV
CURRENT:- 2500A
FREQUENCY:- 50HZ
SHORT TIME CURRENT:- 50/35KA FOR 1/3S
BREAKING CURRENT:- 44/39.4KA
WEIGHT:- 220KGS

INDEX

INCOMER
TIE
LOAD
1250 A CIRCUIT BREAKER
2500 A CIRCUIT BREAKER
3150 A CIRCUIT BREAKER

III-A
1.DUMMY FOR TIE TO 5 A
2.TIE TO 5 A
3.DUMMY FOR TIE TO C-11-A
4.TIE TO C-II A
5.R.W.T. III
6.F.O.T. IIIA
7.BUS P.T
8.S.S.T. IIIA
9.S.B.T. IIA
10.TO C.H.S. IIIA
11.C.M.8A, 340KW, 325A
12.I.D.F.M. 5B, 130 KW, 147.5A
13.ASH WATER RECOVERY T/F.
14.H.P.W.P.M. IIIB, 260KW, 29A
15.H.P.W.P.M. IIIA, 260KW, 29A
16.C.W.P.M. 3C, 1265KW. 140A
17.A.H.T. IIIA.
18.C.L.M.T. IIIA.
19.B.C.W.P.M. IIIB, 135KW, 38A
20.B.C.W.P.M. IIIA, 335KW, 38A
21.INCOMER
22.DUMMY FOR INCOMER
23.TIE FOR UNIT 6A

III-B
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.

TIE TO UNIT 6B
DUMMY FOR INCOMER
INCOMER
B.C.W.P.M. IIIC, 335 KW,38A.
B.C.W.P.M. IIID, 335KW, 38A
C.L.W.T. IIIB
A.H.T. IIIB
H.P.W.P.M. IIIC, 260KW, 29A.
H.P.W.P.M. IIID, 260KW, 29A.
H.P.W.P.M. IIIE, 260KW, 29A
SPARE MOTOR
E.P.T.
C.M. 8B, 340KW, 325A,
C.H.S.
S.B.T. IIIB
S.S.T. IIIB
BUS P.T.
F.O.T. IIIB
B.F.P.M. IIIB, 3500KW, 360A.
TIE TO C- II B
DUMMY FOR TIE TO C II B
TIE TO 5B
DUMMY FOR TIE TO 5B.

INDEX
5( A )
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

U.S.T.-5
E.P.T.-5A
BUS P.T.
B.F.P.M.-5 A,3500 KW,360
P.A.F.M-5 A,1250 KW,132 A
F.D.F.M.-5 A,750 KW,80.2 A
P.M.-5 A,340 KW,40.7 A
P.M.-5B,340 KW,40.7A
P.M.-5C,340KW,40.7A
10. I.D.F.M.-5A,1300KW,147.5A
11. RECT. T/F
12. C.W.M.-5A,500KW,525A
13.C.W.P.M.-5A,265KW,140A
14.INCOMER
15.DUMMY FOR INCOMER
16.TIE TO SSIII-A
17.DUMMY FOR TIE TO SSIII-A
5(B)

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.

DUMMY FOR TIE TO SSIII-B

TIE TO SSIII-B
DUMMY FOR INCOMER
INCOMER
C.W.P.M.-5B,265KW,140A
C.P.M.-5B,500KW,525A
11KW,TEMPORARY SUPPLY
I.D.F.M.-5C,1300KW,147.5A
P.M.-5D,340KW,40.7A
P.M.-5E,340KW,40.7A
P.M.-5F,340KW,40.7A
F.D.F.M.-5B,750KW,80.2A
P.A.F.M.-5B,1250KW,132A
B.F.P.M.-5C,3500KW,360A
BUS P.T.
E.P.T.-5B
SPARE MOTOR

MOTOR
A)

HIGH TENSION MOTOR

HIGH TENSION MOTORS OPERATED AT HIGH VOLTAGES

IN TAU DEVI LAL THERMAL POWER STATION, THESE MOTORS ARE
OPERATED AT 6.6KV. SOME OF THESE MOTORS ARE AS FOLLOWS:I.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.
ix.
x.

CIRCULATING WATER(C.W.) PUMP MOTORS:a).SPECIFICATIONS:MAKER B.H.E.L.

CAPACITY(K.W.)-1265
RATED VOLTAGE(VOLTS)-6600
RATED R.P.M.-493
RATED CURRENT-140A
CONNECTINS-STAR
DUTY- CONTINUOUS
INSULATION CLASS-F
INSTALLATION POSITION- VERTICAL
QUANTITY-3
b).FUNCTION:- C.W. PUMP IS USED TO CIRCULATE COOLING WATER
TO THE CONDENSERS SO THAT LOW PRESSURE STEAM IN THE
CYLINDER CAN BE CONVERTED INTO WATER.
2.C.E.P. PUMP MOTOR:-

i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.
ix.
x.

a).SPECIFICATIONS:MAKE- B.H.E.L.
CAPACITY-500KW
RATED VOLTAGE-6600V
RATED R.P.M.-1482
RATED CURRENT-52.8A
CONNECTIONS-STAR
DUTY-(2 WORKING,1STANDBY) CONTINUOUS
INSULATION CLASS-F
INSULATION POSITION-VERTICAL
QUANTITY-3

b).FUNCTION:-C.E.P.PUMP IS USED TO EXTRACT THE CONDENSE

WATER FROM THE HOT WELL AND SUPPLY TO THE DEAREATOR AFTER
PASSING THROUGH L.P. HEATER& ECONOMISIER,SO THAT HIGH
PRESSURE STEAM IN THE CYLINDER CAN BE CREATED.
3.BOILER FEED PUMP(B.F.P.) MOTOR:a).SPECIFICATIONS:I.
MAKE- B.H.E.L.
II.
CAPACITY-3500KW
III. RATED VOLTAGE-6600VOLTS
IV. RATED CURRENT-360A
V.
RATED R.P.M.-1481
VI. CONNECTIONS- STAR
VII. DUTY(2 WORKING,1 STANDBY)-CONTINUOUS
VIII. INSULATION CLASS-F
IX. QUANTITY-3
b).FUNCTION:-ITS FUNCTION IS TO SUPPLY THE WATER TO THE
BOILER DRUM. IT TAKES WATER FROM THE DEAREATOR BY CREATING
STRONG SUCTION. IT IS THE BIGGEST MOTOR IN THE PLANT.
4.COAL MILL MOTOR:a). SPECIFICATIONS:I.
MAKE-B.H.E.L.
II.
RATED VOLTAGE-6600
III.
CAPACITY-340KW
IV.
RATED R.P.M.-992
V.
RATED CURRENT-40.7A
VI.
CONNECTIONS- STAR
VII.
DUTY- CONTINUOUS
VIII.
INSULATION CLASS-F
IX.
INSTALLATION POSITION HORIZONTAL
X.
QUANTITY-6

b).FUNCTIONS:-ITS FUNCTION IS TO GRIND THE COAL PIECES TO

FINE POWDER (PULVERISED) FORM i.e. UPTO SIZE OF 25 MICRON.
5.COAL CRUSHER :i).MAKE-N.G.F.E
ii).CAPACITY-600KW
iii).RATED VOLTAGE-6600V
iv).RATED R.P.M.-747
v).RATED CURRENT-72A
vi). CONNECTIONS-STAR
vi).QUANTITY-2
b).FUNCTION:-ITS FUNCTION IS TO CRUSH THE BIG SIZE COAL
PIECES TO A SIZE OF 25mili meter square, WHICH ARE THAN CARRIED
TO BUNKERS THROUGH CONVEYOR BELT.
6. PRIMARY AIR FAN MOTOR:i).MAKE-B.H.E.L.
ii).CAPACITY (K.W.)-1250
iii).RATED VOLTAG (VOLTS)-6600
iv).RATED R.P.M.-1487
v).RATED CURRENT (AMPS)-132
vi).CONNECTIONS-STAR
vii).DUTY-CONTINUOUS
viii).INSULATION CLASS-F
ix).QUANTITY-3
b).FUNCTION:- ITS FUNCTION IS TO CARRY PULVERIZED COAL FROM
THE COAL MILL TO THE FURNACE FOR ITS IGNITION. IT CREATES
STRONG DRAFT OF AIR THAT CARRIES PULVERIZED COAL.
7). FORCE DRAUGHT (F.D.) FAN MOTOR:i).MAKE-B.H.E.L.
ii).CAPACITY-750KW
iii).RATED VOLTAGE-6600V
iv).RATED R.P.M.-1490
v).RATED CURRENT-80.2A
vi).CONNECTION-STAR
vii).DUTY-CONTINUOUS
viii).INSULATION CLASS-F
ix).QUANTITY-2
b).FUNCTION:-F.D. FAN IS USED TO SUPPLY FRESH AIR TO THE
FURNACE FOR THE PROPER IGNITION OF COAL INTO THE FURNACE.

8). INDUCED DRAFT (I.D.) FAN

i).MAKE-B.H.E.L.
ii).CAPACITY-1300KW
iii).RATED VOLTAGE-6600V
iv).RATED R.P.M.-750
v).RATED CURRENT-147.5A
vi).CONNECTION-STAR
vii).DUTY-CONTINUOUS
viii).INSULATION CLASS-F
ix).QUANTITY-3
b).FUNCTION:-ITS FUNCTION IS TO DISCHARGE FLUE GASES TO THE
ATMOSPHERE THROUGH THE CHIMNEY AFTER PASSING THROUGH
THE PRECIPITATOR.
9.BEARING COOLING WATER PUMP MOTOR:a).SPECIFICATION:i).MAKE-B.H.E.L.
ii).CAPACITY-335KW
iii)RATED VOLTAGE-6600V
iv).RATED R.P.M.-980
v).-CONNECTION-STAR
vi).INSULATION CLASS-F
vii).INSTALLATION POSITION-HORIZONTAL
b).FUNCTION:-IT SUPPLY COOLING WATER TO THE MOTOR &OTHER
AUXILLARY FOR COOLING PUPOSES.
& OTHER AUXILLARY FOR COOLING PUPOSES.

B)

LOW TENSION MOTOR

LOW TENSION MOTORS ARE THOSE WHICH ARE OF 415V. THEY ARE
MAINLY USED IN H.T.MOTOR AUXILLARY.

1. B.C.W. DRAIN MOTOR:a).SPECIFICATION:i).CAPACITY-136KW

ii).rated r.p.m.-987
iii).RATED CURRENT-43A
iv).FREQUENCY-50HZ
v).MAKE-KRILOSKER
vi).INSULATION CLASS-B
b)FUNCTION:-IT PUMP THE B.C. WATER TO THE SUMP.

2. SEAL WATER PUMP MOTOR:a).SPECIFICATION:i).

CAPACITY-25KW
ii). RATED R.P.M.- 1479
iii) RATED CURRENT 43A
iv) FREQUENCY -50HZ
v).
PHASE-3
vi). MAKE NGEF
vii). INSULATION CLASS B

b).FUNCTION IT PROVIDES A LAYER OF WATER TO THE LOWER

POSITION OF BOILER IN ORDER TO SEAL IT FROM THE ENTRY OF
ATMOSPHERIC AIR.

3. SEAL WATER VAPOUR EXHAUST FAN:-

a)
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
v)
vi)
vii)
b)

SPECIFICATIONS
CAPACITY 1.5 KW
RATED R.P.M. 6205
RATED CURRENT 3.1A
FREQUENCY 50HZ
PHASE 3
MAKE KIRLOSKER
INSULATION CLASS B
FUNCTION- IT PREVENTS THE ENTRY OF AIR BUBBLES IN THE
TURBINE CYLINDER BY PROVIDING THE OPPOSITE PUSH.

4. CENTRIFUGE PUMP MOTOR:a). SPECIFICATIONS

i).
ii).
iii).
iv).
v).
vi).
vii).

CAPACITY 7.5KW
RATED R.P.M-1440
RATED CURRENT-14.
FREQUENCY 50HZ
PHASE 3
MAKE CROMPTON GREAVES
INSULATION CLASS B

b). FUNCTION TO CENTRIFUGE THE VAPOUR THAT ENTERS BY

CHANGE IN TURBINE AN REMOVE THEM

5. ASH SLURRY PUMP MOTOR:

a).SPECIFICATIONS
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
v)
vi)
vii)

CAPACITY 100KW
RATED R.P.M. 1485
RATED CURRENT 176
FREQUENCY 50HZ.
PHASE - 3
MAKE NGEF
INSULATION CLASS B

b). FUNCTION TO PUMP ASH SLURRY TO THE ASH DISPOSAL AREA.

6.

EMERGENCY OIL PUMP:

a). SPECIFICATIONS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

CAPACITY 15 KW
RATED R.P.M. 1425
RATED CURRENT 125
FREQUENCY N.A. (DC)
PHASE NOT APPLICABLE

b).FUNCTION TO PROVIDE OIL TO THE SHAFT AND BEARING OF THE

TURBINE IF SEAL OIL PUMP AND TAKING OIL PUMP FAILS.

2.

RAW WATER MOTOR PUMP:

a) SPECIFICATIONSi).CAPACITY-90KW
ii).RATED R.P.M.-1450
iii).RATED CURRENT-154A
iv).FREQUENCY-50HZ
vi).PHASE-3
vii).MAKE-KIRLOSKER
viii).INSULATION CLASS-B
b).FUNCTION-IT IS USE TO PUMP RAW WATER FROM THE LAKE TO
THE PLANT.

3. INSTUMENT AIR COMPRESSOR:a).SPECIFICATIONS:i).CAPACITY-105KW

ii).RATED R.P.M-1485
iii).RATED CURRENT-184A
iv).FREQUENCY-50HZ
v).PHASE-3
vi).MAKE- KIRLOSKER
vii).INSULATION CLASS- B
b).FUNCTION- IT IS USED TO COMPRESS THE AIR USED TO
CONTROL PNEUMATIC CONTROLLED INSTRUMENTS AT A
PRESSURE 6 TO 7 Kg/Cm cube.

9.SERVICE AIR COMPRESSOR:-

a). SPECIFICATIONSi).CAPACITY-30KW
ii).RATED R.P.M.-1485
iii).RATED CURRENT-184A
iv).FREQUENCY-50HZ
v).PHSE-3
vi).MAKE-NGEF
vii).INSULATION CLASS-B
b).FUNCTION- ITS FUNCTION IS SIMILAR TO INSTRUMENT AIR
COMPRESSOR.

10.CLARIFIER WATER PUMP MOTORa).SPECIFICATIONi)CAPACITY-30KW

ii).RATED R.P.M-1470
iii).RATED CURRENT-53A
iv).FREQUENCY-50HZ
v).PHASE-3
vi).MAKE-CROMPTON
vii).INSULATION CLASS-B

b).FUNCTION- IT PUMP THE FILTERED WATER FROM CLEARIFIER

TO D.M. WATER TREATMENT PLANT.

TRANSFORMERS

THE TRANSFORMER IS THE MOST CONVENIENT & ECONOMICAL

DEVICE FOR TRANSFER OF POWER FROM ONE VOLTAGE TO
ANOTHER VOLTAGE AT THE SAME FREQUENCY. IT WORKS ON
THE PRINCIPLE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION. THERE IS
HARDLY ANY INSTALLATION WITHOUT A TRANSFORMER.DUE TO
THIS EQUIPMENT,IT HAS BEEN POSSIBLE TO TRANSMIT BULK
POWER TO LOAD CENTERS FROM FAR OFF POWER HOUSES AND
TO VARIOUS MACHINERIES AND SWITCHGEARS OF THE POWER
PLANT. TRANSFORMERS ARE OF TWO TYPES:#STEP-UP TRANSFORMER - WHICH STEP-UP THE VOLTAGE AT
SECONDRY SIDE CALLED STEP-UP TRANSFORMER.
#STEP-DOWN TRNSFORMER- WHICH STEP-DOWN THE VOLTAGE
AT SECONDRY SIDE ARE CALLED STEP-DOWN TRANSFORMER.
MAIN PARTS OF POWER TRANSFORMERS
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#

PRIMARY WINDING
SECONDRY WINDING
OIL TANK
DRAIN COKE
CONSERVATOR
BRETHER
TUBES FOR COOLING
TRNSFORMER OIL
EARTH POINT
EXPLOSION VENT
TEMPERATURE GAUGE
BUCHHOLZ RELAY
PRIMARY TERMINALS
SECONDARY TERMINALS

ACCESSORIES OF TRANSFORMERS

1.OIL CONSERVATOR:OIL CONSERVATOR IS A SHORT OF DUM

MOUNTED ON THE TOP OF TRANSFORMER. A LEVEL INDICATOR IS FIXID
TO IT, WHICH GIVES ALARM AT LOW LEVEL. CONSERVATOR IS
CONNECTED THROUGH A PIPE TO THE TRANSFORMER TANK
CONTAINING OIL. THIS OIL EXPANDS & CONTRACT DEPENDING UPON
THE HEAT PRODUCED & SO THE OIL LEVEL IN CONSERVATOR IS LEFT
OPEN TO THE ATMOSPHERE THROUGH A BREATHER SO THAT THE
EXTRA AIR MAY GO OUT OR COME IN.
2.BREATHER:THE BREATHER IS A BOX CONTAINING CALCIUM
CHLORIDE OR SILICA GEL TO ABSORB MOISTURE OF OUR ENTERING
THE CONSERVATOR AS IT IS WELL KNOWN FACT THAT THE INSULATING
PROPERTY OF THE TRANSFORMERS OIL IS LOST IF A SMALL AMOUNT OF
MOISTURE ENTER IN IT. SO DRY AIR IS ALLOWED TO PASS THROUGH THE
BREATHER.
WHEN OIL LEVRL IN OIL CONSERVATOR CHANGES, AIR
MOES IN & OUT OF THE CONSERVATOR. THIS ACTION IS KNOWN AS
BREATHING. DRY SILICA GEL IS OF THE BLUE COLOR. IT TURNS PALE
PINK AS IT ABSORBS MOISTURE . THE WET SILICA GEL CAN BE
REGENERATED BY DRYING.
3.BUCHHOLZ RELAY:THIS RELAY IS A GAS-ACTUATED RELAY WHICH IS
MEANT FOR THE PROTECTING OF OIL IMMERSED TRANSFORMER FROM
INSULATION FAILURE, CORE HEATING OR ANY TYPE OF INTERNAL FAULT
WHICH MAY CAUSE THE HEATING OF OIL BEYOND THE SPECIFIED TEMP..
DUE TO ANY INTERNAL FAULT, OIL IS HEATED UP & OIL VAPOUR SO
FORMED CAUSESEITHER THE ALARM CIRCUIT(FOR LESS FAULT) OR TRIP
THE CIRCUIT(FOR SEVER FAULT).
4.EXPLOSION VENT:IT IS ALSO A SAFETY DEVICE OF THE
TRANSFORMER WHICH PROTECTS THE TRANSFORMER TANK FROM
GASES INDUCED BY & ANY TYPE OF SHORT CIRCUIT IN THE
TRANSFORMER. THIS CONSIST OF A VERTICAL PIPE CLOSED BY A DIA
PHARM MADE OF THIN BAKELITE SHEET. THIS DIAPHARM BURST OR SLIDES
OUT IN CASE OF ABNORMAL PRESSURE INSIDE THE TANK. A DIVERTER PLATE
IS USED AT THE BOTTOM OF THE EXPLOSION VENT TO ENSURE THAT GASES
PROUDCE INSIDE THE TRANSFORMER ARE DIRECTED TOWARD THE
BUCHHOLZ RELAY & DONT GET COLLECTED INSIDE THE VENTILATION AND
EQUILISE THE PRESSURE ON EACH SIDE OF THE DIVERTER PLATE.

5.TEMP. INDICATOR:IT IS ALSO A PROTECTIVE DEVICE FITTED TO THE

TRANSFORMER TO INDICATE TEMP.OF TRANSFORMER OIL. FOR MEASURING
TEMP. OF THE OIL, BULB OF THE VAPOUR PRESSURE TYPE THERMOMETER IS
PLACED IN THE HOT OIL & DIAL OF THE THERMOMETER IS MOUNTED OUTSIDE
THE TANK. TWO INDICATING POINTERS BLACK AND RED ARE PROVIDED.
ALARM CONTACTS ARE ALSO PROVIDED WHICH COME INTO ACTION WHEN
PREDETERMINED PERMISSIBLE HIGHER TEMPARATURE IS REACHED UNDER
ABNORMAL OPERATING CONDITIONS.
6.BUSHING:
THE BUSHING SERVE AS SUPPORTS And INSULATION OF THE BUS BARS AND
TRANSFORMER TERMINAL. THE BUSHING CONSISTS OF PROCELAIN SHELL
BODY, UPPER AND LOWER LOCATING WASHER USED FOR FIXING THE
POSITION OF BUSH BAR AND MOUNTING FLANGE WITH THE HOLE DRILLED
FOR FIXING BOLT AND IT IS SUPPLIED WITH AN EARTHING BOLT.
7. MAGANETIC OIL GAUGE:THE MAGANETIC OIL LEVEL GAUGE
SUPERVISES THE LEVEL OF OIL IN THE CONSERVATOR TANK. THE OIL LEVEL
GAUGE IS PROVIDED ON THE TRANSFORMER ARE OF DIAL TYPE WITH
MINIMUM AND MAXIMUM LEVEL MARKING AND A POINTER WHICH INDICATE
THE LEVEL OF OIL IN THE CONSERVATER. SOMETIME THE SCALE IS ALSO
GRADUATED FOR OIL TEMPERATURE ON THE BASIS OF ITS LEVEL.
8. TAP CHANGER:
THE VOLTAGE CONTROL OF TRANSMISSION
AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS IS OBTAINED BY TAP CHANGER. TAP CHANGER
ARE EITHER ON LOAD OR OFF LOAD TAP CHANGER. TAP CHANGER IS FITTED
WITH THE TRANSFORMER FOR ADJUSTING SECONDARY VOLTAGE.

IMPORTANT TRANSFORMERS IN THE PLANT

1. GENERATOR TRANSFORMER (240 MVA, 15.75 KV/220KV)
IT CONVERTS 15.75 KV WHICH IS SUPPLIED FROM GENERATOR 220KV
AND SUPPLIED IT TO THE BUS BAR/ GRID.
2. STATION SERVICE TRANSFORMER (40MVA, 220KV/7KV)
IT CONVERTS 220KV WHICH IS COMING TO STATION FROM BBMB TO 7KV
AND FED TO STATION AUXILIARY.
3. UNIT AUXILIARY TRANSFORMER (15MVA, 15.75KV/7KV)
IT CONVERTS 15.75KV WHICH IS SUPPLIED FROM GENERATOR TO 7KV
TO FED UNIT AUXILIARY.

SWITCHYARD COMPONENTS

1. SWITCH-GEAR

SWITCH GEAR IS A CONTROL SWITCH THAT

CONTROL THE OPERATION OF A POWER CIRCUIT. THE TWO FUCNTION
OF A SWITCH IN POWER SYSTEMS ARE
i). TO PERMIT THE TRANSMISSION LINES TO BE CONVENIENT PUT INTO
AND TAKEN OUT FROM SERVICE.
ii). TO DISABLE THE SOME PLANT AND LINES WHEN THESE BECOME
FAULTY, TO BE REPIDLY AND SAFELY ISOLATED BY AUTOMATIC MEANS.
THE FIRST OF THESE CAN BE SERVED BY RELATIVELY SIMPLE
SWITCHES THE SECOND HOWEVER REQUIRE CIRCUIT BREAKERS,
WHICH ARE MORE ROBUST & CAPABLE OF BREKING THE LARGE VALUE
OF FAULT POWER THAT RESULTS IN FAULTS ON MAJOR POWER SYSTEM.
SINCE ALL PLANTS AND LINES ARE LIABLE TO DEVELOP FAULTS AS A
RESULTS OF MECHANICAL DAMAGE, ELECTRICAL BREAKDOWN,
ERRORS IN OPERATION etc. THE SIMPLE ISOLATORS SWITCH IN FAVOUR
OF AUTOMATIC CIRCUIT BREAKERS EVEN FOR SWITCHING FUNCTION.
THE WHOLE SWITCHGEAR ASSEMBLY CONSISTS OF TWO PARTS:A.PANEL- PANEL CONSISTS OF PROTECTIVE RELAYS,MOUNTIG OF
POTENTIAL
TRANSFORMER,CURRENT
TRANSFORMER,AMMETER,VOLTMETER
& ENERGY METER.
THE
POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER IS MOUNTED ON THE PANEL. THE PRIMARY
IS CONNECTED TO 11KV & THE REDUCE VOLTAGE FROM THE
SECONDARY IS GIVEN TO ENERGY METER AS LINE VOLTAGES & FOR
PROTECTIVE PURPOSES.
B.TROLLY- THE TROLLY CONSISTS OF CURRENT CARYING CONTACTS
CALLED ELECTRODES. THESE ARE NORMALLY ENGAGED BUT IN
PREDETERMINED CONDITIONS, SEPARATE TO INTERRUPT THE CIRCUIT,
WHEN THE CONTACTS ARE MADE.

BUS BAR ARRANGEMENT

CONDUCTORS TO WHICH A NUMBER OF CIRCUITS ARE CONNECTED

CALLED BUS BARS. IN POWER PLANTS, SHUT DOWN RESULTS
DISSCONECTION OF SUPPLY TO A LARGE AREA. HENCE TO AVOID SHUT
DOWN THE MAJOR PLANTS SHOULD HAVE ELABORATE BUS BAR
ARRANGEMENT WITH DUPLICATE BUSES, ALTERNATIVE SUPPLY
ARRANGEMENT SECTION etc. THE EXTRA HIGH VOLTAGE EQUIPMENTS
SUCH AS ISOLATORS, CIRCUIT BREAKER ARE GENERALLY COSTLY
HENCE UNNECESSARY EQUIPMENT SHOULD NOT BE PROVIDED.

1. SINGLE BUS BAR ARRANGEMENT:THE SINGLE ARRANGEMENT CONSISITS OF A SINGLE (THREE PHASE)
BUS BAR TO WHICH VARIOUS FEEDERS ARE CONNECTED. IN CASE
OF FAULT OR MAINTENANCE OF BUS, THE ENTIRE BUS BAR HAS TO
BE DE-ENERGISED AND THE TOTAL SHUTDOWN RESULTS. THIS
SCHEME IS MOST ECONOMICAL AND SIMPLE.

2. DOUBLE BUS BAR ARRANGEMENT:THE DOUBLE BUS SYSTEMS PROVIDE ADDITONAL FLEXIBILITY,
CONTINUITY OF SUPPLY AND PERMIT PERIODIC MAINTENANCE. IN
THE EVENT OF FAULT ON THE BUS BAR THE OTHER CAN BE USED
THE FIGURE SHOWS TO THE BUS BAR ARRANGEMENT.THERE ARE
TWO BUSES CALLED MAIN BUS AND RESEVE BUS . THE COUPLER
CAN BE CLOSED SO AS TO CONNECT TWO BUSES WHILE
TRNASFERRING THE POWER TO THE RESERVE BUS.
i)
ii)
iii)

CLOSED BUS COUPLER, THE TWO BUSES ARE NOW AT

SAME POTENTIAL.
CLOSED ISOLATOR ON RESERVE BUS.
OPEN ISOLATOR ON MAIN BUS.

3 LIGHTING ARRESTER
A LIGHTING ARRESTER IS DEVICE, WHICH PROVES LOW
IMPEDENCE PATH FOR THE FLOW OF CURRENT BETWEEN THE LINE
AND EARTH WHEN THE SYSTEMS VOLTAGE INCREASES MORE THAN THE
DESIRE VALUE AND REGAINS ITS ORIGINAL PROPERTIES OF AN
INSULATOR AT NORMAL VOLTAGE.
IT IS CONNECTED BETWEEN LINE
AND EARTH AT THE SWITH YARD NEAR THE TRANSFORMER.
THE LIGHTING ARRESTERS ARE EXTENSIVELY USED FOR PROTECTION
OF TRANSFORMERS, SWITH GEARS AND ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENTS OF
OVER HEAD LINES, POWER HOUSES AND SUB-STATION . THESE ARE
ALSO USE
TO PROTECT THE LINE AND EQUIPMENTS FROM
SKYLIGHTING.FOLLOWING ARE THE MAIN
TYPE OF LIGHTING
ARRESTERSi)
ii)
iii)
iv)
v)
vi)

HORN GAP LIGHTING ARRESTER.

EXPULSION TYPE LIGHTING ARRESTERS.
OXIDE FILM LIGHTING ARRESTER.
PELLET LIGHTING ARRESTER
THYRITE LIGHTING ARRESTER.
AUTO VALUE LIGHTING ARRESTER.

EXPULSION TYPE LIGHTING ARRESTER

IT CONSISTS OF
i)
A TUBE MADE OF FIBRE WHICH IS VERY EFFECTIVE GAS
EVOLVING MATERIALS.
ii)
AN ISOLATING SPARK GAP ( OR EXTERNAL SERIES GAP)
iii)
AN INTRUPTING SPARK GAP INSIDE THE FIBRE TUBE.
DURING OPERATION, ARC DUE TO IMPULSE SPARK OR INSIDE THE
FIBROUS TUBE CAUSES SOME FIBRE MATERIAL OF THE TUBE
VOLTISE IN FORM OF GAS, WHICH IS EXPELLED THROUGH A VENT
FROM THE BOTTOM OF THE TUBE, THUS EXTINGUISHING THE ARC
JUST LIKE IN CIRCUIT BREAKER. SINCE THE GASES GENERATED
HAVE TO BE EXPELLED, ONE OF THE ELECTRODE IS HOLLO AND
DIVERTER IS OPEN AT ITS LOWER END.

THYRITE LIGHTING ARRESTER:THIS TYPE OF LIGHTING ARRESTER CONSISTS OF NUMBER OF DISCS

OF INORGANIC CERAMIC COMPOUND. THESE DISCS ARE PLACED IN
A SERIES HAVING SOME GAPS IN BETWEEN THEM AND ARE SEALED IN
A PROCELAIN TUBE.
THIS TUBE HAS MATELLIC CAP AND
ELECTRODES AT ITS END.
THE COMPOUND USED FOR DISCS SERVE AS AN INSULATOR BUT
CHAGES TO A GOOD CONDUCTOR WHEN VOLTAGES ACROSS IT RISES
TO A CERTAIN PREDETERMINED VALUE. IT IS USED UPTO 220KV
SYSTEMS.

LIGHTING ARRESTER

210 MW TURBO GENERATOR

GENERAL:MODERN FEATURES OF DIRECT COOLING BY WATER & HYDROGEN ARE
INCORPORATED IN THE 210 MW TURBO GENERATOR, THUS EVOLVE AN
ECONOMICAL & RELIABLE DESIGN. THE MACHINE IS PROVIDED WITH A
FAST ACTING EXCITATION SYSTEM & DEPENDABLE AUXILLARY SERVICE
TO GIVE PROLONGED TROUBLE FREE OPERATION OVER THE YEARS.
ALL THE MATERIAL THAT GOES INTO THE MANUFACTURE OF THIS
MACHINE SUBJECTED TO VARIOUS TEST AS PER NATIONAL &
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS. EACH COMPONONETS UNDERGOES
SERIES OF STAGEWISE TESTS. DESCRIPTION OF VARIOUS PARTS IS
GIVEN BALOW:1.STATOR WINDING AND INSULATION:THE STATOR HAS A THREE PHASE, DOUBLE LAYER, SHORT CHORDED,
BAR TYPE WINDING, HAVING TWO PARALLEL PATS. EACH COIL SIDE
CONSISTS OF GLASS INSULATED SOLID AND HOLLOW CONDUCTORS
WITH COOLING WATER PASSING THROUGH THE PATTER. THE
ELEMENTARY CONDUCTORS ARE ROEBEL TRANSPOSED IN THE SLOT
POETION OF WINDING TO MINIMISE EDDY CURRENT LOSSES.
ADEQUATE PROTECTION IS PROVIDED TO AVOID CORONA & OTHER
DISCHARGES. IN THE SLOTS, THE SIDES ARE FIRMLY HELD IN THE
POSITION BY FIBOROUSSLOT WAGES, WHICH ARE MECHANICALLY
STRONG AND HAVE HIGH DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES. THE OVERHANG
PORTION OF THE COIL IS SECURELY LASHED WITH GLASS CHORD TO
BONDAGE RINGS& SPECIAL BRECKETS OF NON MAGNETIC STEEL,
WHICH ARE IN TURN FIXED TO THE CORE PRESS RINGS. ON SHORT
CIRCUITS THE FORCES BETWEENTHE CONDUCTOR TEND TO OPEN THE
CONE FORMED BY OVERHANG PORTION OF THE COILS , BUT THE
MOVEMENT IS EFFECTIVELY PRESENTED BY SUPPORTS & LASHINGS.
2.DISTILLATE HEADERS OR STATOR WATER HEADER:RING TYPE WATER HEADERS, MADE OF COPPER ARE PROVIDED
SEPERATELY FOR DISTILLATE INLET & OUTLET IN THE STATOR ON
TURBINE SIDE. THE HEADERS ARE SUPPORTED ON INSULATORS AND
ISOLATED FROM STATOR BODY. THE WINDING ENDS ARE SOLEDLY
SOLDERED INTO THE COIL LUGS WHICH ARE THAN ULTRASONICALLY
TESTED. INDIVIDUAL BARS ARE PROVIDED WITH WATER INLET/OUTLET
CONNECTIONS MADE OF P.T.F.E. HOUSES. THE BAR HEADS ARE
INSULATED BY FIBRE MOULDED CORNERS. THE WINDING SCHEME
ALONG WITH THE WATER CONNECTIONS. THE COMPLETE WATER PATH
ASSEMBLTY IS SUBJECTED TO THE RIGID HYDROATIC PNEUMATIC

TESTS AT VARIOUS STAGES TO ENSURE WATER TIGHTNESS AND TO

DETECT BLOCKING OF THE FLOWS PATHS.
3.TERMINAL BUSHINGS :WATER COLLED TERMINAL BUSHINGS ARE HOUSED IN THE LOWER PART
OF THE STATOR ON THE SLIP RING SIDE. PROCELAIN INSULATORS ARE
PROVIDED TO INSULATE THE TERMINAL BARS FROM THE STATOR BODY.
EFFECTIVE SEALING IS PROVIDED BETWEEN THE TERMINAL
BUSHINGNAND THE STATIR BIDY TO AVOID ANY POSSIBILITY OF
LEAKAGE OF HYDROGEN. TERMINAL BUSHING ARE HOUSED INSIDE A
CHAMBER MADE OF NON MAGNETIC STEEL PLATES. THREE PHASE
TERMINALS ARE
BROUGHT OUT TO
FACILITATE
EXTERNAL
CONNECTIONS. THE TERMINAL PLATE OF THE END TERMINALS, WHERE
BUS BAR CONNECTIONS ARE MADE IS SILVER PLATED.
THE TERMINAL BUSHINGS CAN BE REPLACED WITHOUT REMOVING THE
STATOR FROM FOUNDATION. PROVISION IS MADE FOR FIXING THE
EXTERNAL BUS DUCTS WITH THE TERMINAL PLATE.
4.ROTOR:THE ROTOR IS OF CYLINDRICAL TYPE SHAFT AND BODY BEING FORGED
IN ONE PIECE FROM CHROMIUM, NICKEL,MOLYBENDUM & VANADIUM
STEEL. PRIOR TO MATCHING, A SERIES OF COMPREHENSIVE
ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION AND OTHER TESTS ARE CARRIED OUT ON
ROTOR BYODY AND SHSFT PORTION TO ENSURE OF ANY INTERNAL
DEFECTS. THE ROTOR WITH ALL THE DETAILS ASSEMBLED ,
DYNAMICALLY BALANCED TO A HIGH DEGREE OF ACCURACY AND
SUBJECTED TO 20% OVER SPEEDING FOR 2 MINUTES ENSURING
MECHANICAL STRENGTH.
5.FIELD WINDING:THE FIELD WINDING IS MADE FROM HARD DRAWN SILVER BEARING
COPPER. ROTOR WINDING IS HELD IN POSITION AGAINST CENTRIFUGAL
FORCES BY DURALIUM FORCES WEDGES IN THE SLOT PORTION & BY
NON MAGNETIC STEEL RETAINING RINGS IN THE OVER HANG PORTION .
GAP PICK UP SYSTEM IS EMPLOYED FOR DIRECT HYDROGEN COOLING
OF ROTOR WINDING. SEVERAL GROUPS OF VENTILATION DUCTS ARE
MULLED ON THE SIDES OF THE ROTOR COIL FOR GAS PASSAGE. THE
ROTOR SLOT WEDGES ARE OF SPECIAL PROFILES WITH ELLIPTICAL
HOLES ROLLED IN TO MATCH THE VENTILATION DUCTS ON THE WINDING
STACKS. THE END WINDINGS ARE INSULATED FROM RINGS WITH THE
HELP OF GLASS EPOXY MOULDED SEGMENTS. COPPER SEGMENTAL
TYPE DAMPER WINDING IS PROVIDED IN THE END ZONE OF

ROTOR MORDWS TO PREVENT OVER HEATING OF RETURNING RING S

DURING ASSYMETRICAL & ASYNCHRONOUS OPERATION.
6.SHAFT MOUNTED FANS:FOR CIRCULATING THE COOLING GAS INSIDE THE GENSRATOR, TWO
PROPELLER TYPE FANS ARE SHAFT MOUNTED ON THIS & OF ROTOR
BODY. FAN HUBS ARE MADE FROM ALLOY STEEL FORGING AND ARE
HOT FITTED ON THE ROTOR SHAFT WITH SUFFICIENT INTERFERENCE .
THE ALLOY STEEL CAST FAN BLADES ARE MACHINED IN THE TAIL
PORTION TO SUIT THE FAN HUB AND HELD IN POSITION WITH THE HELP
OF CONICAL PINS. THE BLADES CAN BE EASILY REMOVED FROM OR
ASSEMBLED IN THE FAN HUB. FAN SHIELDS FIXED TO THE END SHIELDS,
GUIDE THE FLOW OF GAS THROUGH THE FAN SECTIONS.
7.SLIP RINGS:THE SLIP RING CONSISTS OF HELLICALLY GROOVED ALLOY STEEL
RINGS SHRUNK ON THE ROTOR SHAFT & INSULATED FROM IT. FOR
CONVENIENCE IN ASSEMBLY BOTH THE RINGS ARE MOUNTED ON A
SSINGLE, COMMON STEEL BUSH, WHICH HAS AN INSULATED JACKET
PRE MOULDED ON IT. THE COMPLETE BUSH WITH SLIP RING IS SHRUNK
ON THE ROTOR SHAFTS. THE SLIP RINGS ARE PROVIDED WITH INCLINED
HOLES FOR SELF-VENTILATION. THE HELICAL GROOVES CUT ON THE
OUTER SURFACE OF THE SLIP RINGS IMPROVES BRUSH
PERFORMANCE.

TURBO GENERATOR RATINGS

CAPACITY IN KW- 210000
POWER FACTOR- 0.85
CAPACITY IN KVA- 247000
STATOR:-a).15750 V
b).90.60A
ROTOR:-a).310V.
b).2600A
ROTOR R.P.M.- 3000
FREQUENCY- 50HZ
PHASE- 3
CONNECTION- STAR
COOLENT- H2+H2O
NO. OF POLES- 2

TURBO GENERATOR

TRAINING REPORT
ON
PANIPAT THERMAL POWER STATION

By:
ROLL NO:
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING