16 facts:

Automation is inevitable
A survey of 100 senior managers in the manufacturing industry conducted for The Australian
by research company Hall & Partners Open Mind found that more than half thought heavy
manufacturing was dead and more than half thought the sector would be unprofitable this year
and in the future.
Adapt to survive is forward thinking." Australian [National, Australia] 17 Sept. 2014: 25.
Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 1 Mar. 2016.
Machines do replace humans. In fact, replacing humans is often entirely the point. As the
economic historian Robert C. Allen has shown, the spinning jenny was invented in England
precisely because wages were high, and thus it was worth it to mill-owners to invest in a
machine that would allow them to reduce the number of workers needed to make yarn.
This article talks about how machine automation is replacing human workers, leading people
to worry about losing jobs completely.
This is a credible article as it is from the Atlantic, a published newspaper. Also, the author
Rebecca Rosen is the senior editor there, so she knows what she is doing.
Rosen, Rebecca J. "In Praise of Short-Term Thinking." The Atlantic. Atlantic Media Company, 3
Sept. 2015. Web. 02 Mar. 2016.
Demands for computers are growing
LEAD: Demand is growing for both used and new computers for the home and office, and an
increasing number of purchases and sales are being made through computer brokerages.
Demand is growing for both used and new computers for the home and office, and an
increasing number of purchases and sales are being made through computer brokerages
Sloane, Leonard. "CONSUMER'S WORLD; Computer Brokerages Match Buyers, Sellers and
Used Gear." New York Times 6 Jan. 1990. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 1 Mar.
2016

The industry lost about 1 percent of its employment in 2009 but regained momentum in
2010, when it surpassed the employment numbers from 2008. The high demand for the
services provided by this industry has created a large number of fast-growing and highpaying IT jobs.
This article describes the growth of jobs needed in the IT industry due to the demand for
what it provides.
I know this is credible because its a government website (.gov) and it provides you with
references and statistics.

Csorny, Lauren. "Careers in the Growing Field of Information Technology Services :

Beyond the Numbers: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics." U.S. Bureau of Labor

Statistics. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Apr. 2013. Web. 02 Mar. 2016.
Robots are taking over human jobs
Robots may take over nearly half of all jobs in Japan by 2035, new research has found, with
jobs as receptionists, taxi drivers, security guards, and the service industry particularly
susceptible to being replaced by computer-controlled technology.
This article is about how experts have found that many jobs in Japan will soon be taken over
by robots.
Lewontin, Max. "Robots could fill nearly half of all jobs in Japan within 20 years, study says."
Christian Science Monitor 4 Dec. 2015. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 2 Mar. 2016.
But as the leading US economist Tyler Cowen puts it, machines aren't just replacing human
brawn - as they become more advanced, theyre increasingly replacing human brain. According
to Oxford University academics Carl Frey and Michael Osborn, in years ahead, millions of jobs
in sectors such as accounting and auditing will be replaced by machines that can so the same
tasks much more cheaply and effectively than human workers - without requiring salaries,
holidays or sick pay - while administrators, paralegals and bank clerks will also be hit hard.
Silva, Rohan. "The new white-collar fear: will robots take your job?." The Telegraph. ToonBoom,
12 Sept. 2015. Web. 1 Mar. 2016.

Rohan Silva is co founder of Second home and Hubble. He graduated from university of
Manchester for his law degree, London school of economics and political science, Cambridge
university, and Massachusetts institute of technology. telegraph covers daily news inside the uk,
and can be credible.
Everything is recorded and stored
"People are morally outraged by the traditional arms trade, but they don't realize that the sale of
software and equipment that allows oppressive regimes to monitor the movements,
communications and Internet activity of entire populations is just as dangerous," Eric King of
Privacy International, a UK advocacy group in favor of limited state surveillance, told the
Washington Post.
Spy Files: WikiLeaks releases files on global surveillance industry." CNN Wire 2 Dec. 2011.
Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 1 Mar. 2016.
Every single conversation made by an American via wired or wireless phone signals is being
recorded, in most cases without a warrant. Further, some are extrapolating his phrasing "no
digital communication is secure" -- to suggest that the government and its corporate partners
are also intercepting all other forms of communication, such as instant messages, emails, and
private forum
This was an interview with a former FBI agent about how almost all communication over
technology is recorded.

This is credible information because it is straight from the mouth of a person who worked
with the FBI and knows about their activities.
Mick, Jason. "DailyTech - Former FBI Agent: All Your Communications Are Recorded,
Government Accessible." DailyTech - Former FBI Agent: All Your Communications Are
Recorded, Government Accessible. N.p., 6 May 2013. Web. 02 Mar. 2016.

Emily howell (robot music)

One commentator said that Emily Howell's "modern masterpieces make her among the most
technically unique composers in America".
"Meet Emily Howell, a virtual virtuoso who's making waves in the classical music world." Times
[London, England] 22 Oct. 2009: 4. Global Issues In Context. Web. 1 Mar. 2016

Cope and Emily Howell engage in a musical conversation involving certain

compositions or statements, where Cope will label certain musical statements yes or no. That
trains the program to refine its composition approach and eventually it creates its own, Copestyled original music.
Hsu, Jeremy. "Is The World's Most Intelligent Music Composing Software As Creative As
Back?." POPULAR SCIENCE. BlackFriday Discount, 25 Feb. 2010. Web. 1 Mar. 2016.
<popsci.com>.
Jeremy Hsu writes articles for TechNewsDaily, Innovation News Daily, Live Science, and
SPACE.com, usually writing about technology and science. Based in NYC. PopSci has has
articles involving technological advancements, interesting health facts, and science
advancements.
Data helps map tragic disasters, making it easier to save lives, pinpoint
destroyed buildings (ex: earthquake)

Storytelling in this case means making a map mashup, which involves presenting one or
more geographically relevant data sets on an online map.
Company called Geocommons is making a new way of mapmaking, by using data from
the public, government, and translating the data into color on a map.
"GeoCommons Makes Citizen Cartography Social; The company's mashups use
a technique called heat mapping to translate data into color on a Google Map."
InformationWeek 21 May 2007. Global Issues In Context. Web. 2 Mar. 2016.

When flooding submerged 20 percent of the country in August 2010, the U.Ns mapping
agency relied on that data to help coordinate emergency response.
After the Boston Marathon bombing this spring, Kelly Manning told Search Engine
Journal that she tried calling her daughter for half an hour, without any luck. Then, she hopped
on Person Finder, and located her immediately. If it wasnt for Google Person Finder, we would
have had no idea if she was ok and safe, she said.
Gordon, Claire. "How Google is transforming disaster relief." ALJAZEERA AMERICA. Sling,
25 Nov. 2013. Web. 1 Mar. 2016. <http://america.aljazeera.com/watch/shows/americatonight/america-tonight-blog/2013/11/25/google-crisis-responsehaiyan.html#commentsDiv>.
Claire Gordon is a journalist that writes for America tonight. Originally from London, but
became published into Slate, the daily beast, and the huffington post. al jazeera America is a
global news organization, and is credible.

General purpose robots can perform various tasks

The tech company revealed it is developing humanoid robots focused on automating

daily tasks, according to The New York Times Wednesday, right on the heels of Amazon
announcing the development of a drone delivery program, PrimeAir.
I learned that Google is creating robots to perform a variety of tasks needed daily,
instead of being limited to one area.
Hustad, Karis. "Almost human? Google's developing robots." Christian Science
Monitor 4 Dec. 2013.Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 2 Mar. 2016.
Leading companies across North America have already integrated Baxter into their
workforce, and gained a competitive advantage for their business in the process. Baxter
is a proven solution for a wide range of tasks from line loading and machine tending,
to packaging and material handling.
This article was introducing Baxter, a new robot who is programmed for a variety of
tasks to help in the workforce.
This is credible information because it is straight from the group that created Baxter,
and therefore is reliable.
"Baxter | Redefining Robotics and Manufacturing | Rethink Robotics."Rethink
Robotics. N.p., n.d. Web. 02 Mar. 2016.
By tracking what people search, you can predict when diseases will occur
The Egyptian Agency of Partnership for Development at the weekend announced its plans to
develop a new African digital hub for disease control in Egypt. Launched during the Africa 2016

forum in Cairo, the hub will use technology to trace and control diseases,predict outbreaks and
engage communities in affected areas across Africa.
This article is about Egypt using technology to figure out when diseases will occur. They are
developing a hub for all of Africa to do this.
"Egypt to Launch African Digital Hub for Diseases Control." Africa News Service 24 Feb.
2016.Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 2 Mar. 2016.

GIS is a sophisticated mapping technology that allows specialists to enter data, enabling them to
track the spread of diseases and predict where the disease is most likely to proliferate based upon
a number of predetermined factors. GIS programs enable epidemiologists to look at a locations
population demographics, access to healthcare, physical features, environmental factors, and
more, all at once.
One case in which the spread of disease has been mapped successfully was during the
2014 Ebola outbreak. Geographic information systems were used to create many of the maps that
enabled those covering the outbreak to speak about its severity in an understandable manner.
Brown, Brittini. "MAPPING MICROSCOPIC DISEASE WITH BIG DATA."MEDTECH
BOSTON. 3 Mar. 2015. Web. 1 Jan. 2016.
Brittini Brown has graduated college of idaho in environmental skills, she is interested in GIS
technology, and believes technology can make a big impact on society. Medtech boston talks
about health care advancements, making this site credible

Robots dont need to be perfect, just better than humans

The US military one day hopes to deploy Atlas's decedents into disaster situations

where human rescue teams may have difficulty finding access, like the 2001 Fukushima
Daiichi nuclear disaster. For that to become a reality, rescue robots will need some
human-like skills.
From this article, I learned that Boston Dynamics has made a robot that can respond
to certain situations better than humans and can have its own instincts to ensure
survival.
"How bullying a 180-pound robot could help improve disaster response." Christian
Science Monitor 24 Feb. 2016. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 1 Mar. 2016.
Humans can weave cotton cloth with great effort, but automated looms make perfect
cloth, by the mile, for a few cents.
From this article, I learned that we need technology to take some jobs over because
they can do things either more efficiently or things that humans couldnt possibly do.
This article is written by Kevin Kelly, who is the executive founder of Wired magazine.
Hes also a published author. His website, Wired (where this citation is from) is credible
for these reasons.

Kelly, Kevin. "Better Than Human: Why Robots Will And Must Take Our Jobs."
Wired.com. Conde Nast Digital, 24 Dec. 2012. Web. 01 Mar. 2016.

Humans make up 33% of business cost

Carl Benedikt Frey wrote, in a first wave of advancing technology, "We find that most
workers in transportation and logistics occupations, together with the bulk of office and
administrative support workers, and labor in production occupations, are likely to be
substituted by computer capital."
From this article, I realised that many of the human resources used in businesses will
be replaced by technology, in part due to how much humans can cost with
transportation or compensation.
Lewontin, Max. "Robots could fill nearly half of all jobs in Japan within 20 years, study
says." Christian Science Monitor 4 Dec. 2015. Opposing Viewpoints in Context.
Web. 1 Mar. 2016.
Industrial robots in U.S. auto manufacturing are already operating at a cost roughly matching a
typical U.S. fast-food line cooks wages (barely over the federal $7.25 hourly minimum wage)
after the cost of the robot is recovered. Robots used in electronics manufacturing cost less than
half of that minimum wage, and that gap is expected to widen -- in the machines favor.
I learned that industrial robots are expected to cost less money overall than human workers in
the near future due to the rate at which they can produce goods.

This article is from the International Business Times, which in itself is credible. Also,
Angelo Young (the author) is IBTs business reporter, so he knows what he is talking
about.
Young, Angelo. "Industrial Robots Could Be 16% Less Costly To Employ Than People
By 2025." International Business Times. IBT, 11 Feb. 2015. Web. 01 Mar. 2016.

Human error kills 15 thousand humans each year

A U.S. airstrike that mistakenly killed 30 people at a Doctors Without Borders hospital
in Kunduz, Afghanistan, last month was, in part, the result of military personnel
inadvertently aiming at the wrong target -- the hospital compound
This article gives a prime example of human error. An airstrike accidentally hit a
hospital, with patients and doctors making up the dead. The hospital was under attack
for an hour and tried to contact militants to stop the strike, but failed.
"U.S. general: Human error led to Doctors Without Borders strike." CNN Wire 25 Nov.
2015. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 1 Mar. 2016.
Human error contributed to over 90% of road accidents in the United States,according
to the NHTSA. Thats astonishing. These self-driving cars have been in 12 recorded
accidents before, an impressive figure considering theyve accumulated over $1.5

million miles to date. Of those 12 accidents, 12 were caused by other cars driven by
humans
This article, addressing the recent self-driving SUV accident, states that the
accident was the fault of the human driver behind a buses wheel. It describes the
situation that the SUV was in and explains that the computer behaved correctly.
This article was written by Daniel Croutch, who is a Waterloo Automotive Examiner.
Therefore, he knows cars well and can accurately describe the accident.
Croutch, Daniel. "Google's Self-driving SUV Accident Reveals the Human Error in
Driving." Examiner.com. N.p., 1 Mar. 2016. Web. 01 Mar. 2016.

Global connection

This partnership with the GSMA and its members will increase access to banking
services, especially for women, bring access to energy to many for the first time and
even vital health information.We have a real opportunity to accelerate the development
of mobile technologies that can save lives, help women reach their potential and boost
the growth of emerging economies for Britain to trade with. A more prosperous,
connected and stable world is firmly in our national interest.
This article is about the UK and the GSMA joining together to increase the amount of
mobile technology to less developed nations, in order to help these countries grow. The
information provided by technology give access to energy, health information, and
opportunities for women.
"UK and GSMA Partner On Mobile Technology to Fight Global Poverty." Africa News
Service 24 Feb. 2016. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 1 Mar. 2016.
Within the context of the global workplace, intercultural communication looks at how
people communicate, manage work together, approach deadlines, negotiate, meet,
greet, build relationships, and much more.
It impacts our ability to communicate effectively within a culture as well as how we are
perceived.
Working in the global workplace, although a necessity, is proving to have a positive
effect on individuals and companies. As people are forced to think outside the box they
develop greater interpersonal skills and learn new ways of doing things.
"Intercultural Communication in the Global Workplace." Kwintessential. Web. 2 Mar. 2016.
Kwintessential is a professional business website, meant for helping other business
become better at communicating, and can translate for business as well, making this site credible.

Examining data can help people figure out anything they want

Researchers in the health and social sciences can obtain their data by getting it directly from
the subjects theyre interested in. This data they collect is called primary data. Another type of
data that may help researchers is the data that has already been gathered by someone else.
This is called secondary data.
Institute for Work & Health. "What Researchers Mean By... Primary Data and Secondary Data."
Institute for Work & Health. Institute for Work & Health, 2008. Web. 02 Mar. 2016.
<http://www.iwh.on.ca/wrmb/primary-data-and-secondary-data>. "The Institute for Work &
Health is an independent, not-for-profit organization. Our mission is to promote, protect and
improve the safety and health of working people by conducting actionable research that is
valued by employers, workers and policy-makers." - IWH

the data scientist will be in high demand as businesses and other organizations seek to better
leverage the growing universe of information they possess. A new profession, the data scientist
not only understands business problems but has the technical abilities to extract, analyze, and
process information, and to pose the right questions and translate the findings for others. With
master's programs recently launched in the field, data scientists currently come from diverse
scientific and academic backgrounds; however, finding job candidates with useful experience is
difficult.
Mason, Hilary. "Data Scientist Is the Most Promising Job of the Future." What Are the Jobs of the
Future? Ed. Roman Espejo. Farmington Hills, MI: Greenhaven Press, 2015. At Issue. Rpt. from
"The Rise of the Awesome Nerd." The Financialist. 2013. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web.
2 Mar. 2016.

It's possible to map locations of nomadic people by tracking movements to

prevent epidemics

Its winter, flu season, and youre at your computer feeling a bit woozy, with an unwanted
swelling in the back of your throat and a headache coming on. If youre like millions of other
people, you might engage in a moment of Internet-enabled self-diagnosis. You pop your
symptoms into a search engine, and in the blink of an eye dozens of health-related websites
appear on your screen. That search supplied you with informationsome useful and some not
but in todays hyper-connected world, it also supplied a data point for those who survey disease
outbreaks by monitoring how people report symptoms via social media. In fact, social media,

cell phones, and other communication modes have opened up a two-way street in health
research, supplying not just a portal for delivering information to the public but also a channel by
which people reveal their concerns, locations, and physical movements from one place to
another. That two-way street is transforming disease surveillance and the way that health
officials respond to disasters and pandemics. Its also raising hard questions about privacy and
about how data streams generated by cell-phone and social-media use might be made available
for health research. Theres a challenge here in that some of these [data] systems are tightening
in terms of access, says John Brownstein, director of the computational epidemiology group at
Childrens Hospital Boston and an associate professor of pediatrics at Harvard Medical School.
But we are seeing a movement towards data philanthropy in that companies are looking for
ways to release data for health research without risking privacy. And at the same time,
government officials and institutions at all levels see the datas value and potential. To me, thats
very exciting.

Schmidt, Charles W. "Trending Now: Using Social Media to Predict and Track Disease Outbreaks."
Environmental Health Perspectives. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences,
1 Jan. 2012. Web. 02 Mar. 2016.
<http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3261963/>."Environmental Health Perspectives
is a monthly peer-reviewed journal of research and news published with support from the
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health, U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services. The mission of EHP is to serve as a forum for the
discussion of the interrelationships between the environment and human health by publishing
high-quality research and news of the field." - EHP. NCBI is National Center for Biotechnology
Information

Additionally, banning travel to and from West Africa--most important, Guinea, Liberia, and
Sierra Leone, where Ebola is epidemic--is a commonsense measure that would help to keep the
disease contained and the risk of its spread abroad low, and also help public-health officials
effectively target available resources. The White House, or the White House working with
Congress, could quickly and easily establish a blanket ban on travel that would provide for
appropriate exceptions to ensure that aid continues to reach afflicted areas. Travel to West
Africa should be restricted to approved military personnel and monitored aid and medical
workers, while travel from West Africa to the U.S. should be handled on a case-by-case basis.
"Preventing an Ebola epidemic." National Review 17 Nov. 2014: 15. Opposing Viewpoints in
Context. Web. 2 Mar. 2016.

By 2020 the data volume will be around 40 zettabytes

During the next eight years, the amount of digital data produced will
exceed 40 zettabytes, which is the equivalent of 5,200 GB of data for
every man, woman and child on Earth, according to an updated Digital
Universe study released today.
To put it in perspective, 40 zettabytes is 40 trillion gigabytes -- estimated
to be 57 times the amount of all the grains of sand on all the beaches
on earth. To hit that figure, all data is expected to double every two
years through 2020.
The majority of data between now and 2020 will not be produced by
humans but by machines as they talk to each other over data networks.
That would include, for example, machine sensors and smart devices
communicating with other devices.

Mearian, Lucas. "By 2020, There Will Be 5,200 GB of Data for Every
Person on Earth." Computerworld. Computerworld, 11 Dec. 2012.
Web. 02 Mar. 2016.
<http://www.computerworld.com/article/2493701/data-center/by-2020-there-will-be-5-200-gb-of-data-for-every-person-on-earth.html>.

"Technology no longer just supports the business, it's at the very

center of business innovation and strategy. This focus on creating
business advantage unites the spectrum of decision-makers and key
influencers across disciplines. Their common goal: to understand and
utilize technology to drive revenue and invigorate the customer and
employee experience. As the largest enterprise media brand covering
the entire breadth of technology, Computerworld ensures that senior
technology and the entire ecosystem of tech influencers and
stakeholders create and execute on business-changing strategies."
- Computerworld

"There are substantially stronger reasons to worry about the collection and use of big data in
the private sector than in government agencies."
In the following viewpoint, Paul Pillar argues that there exists disproportionate concern toward
government collection of data than toward private company collection of data. Pillar claims that
data collected by the National Security Agency (NSA) is subject to more transparency and
control than data accessible by phone companies. Furthermore, he claims that the benefit from
data collection by the NSA is greater than any benefit from data collection by the private sector.

Pillar is a nonresident senior fellow at the Center for Security Studies at Georgetown University
and a nonresident senior fellow at the Center for 21st Century Security and Intelligence at the
Brookings Institution.

Pillar, Paul. "Big Data, Public and Private." National Interest (10 Dec. 2013). Rpt. in Privacy. Ed.

Nol Merino. Farmington Hills, MI: Greenhaven Press, 2015. Opposing Viewpoints.
Opposing

Viewpoints in Context. Web. 2 Mar. 2016.

The uneducated can learn from data

Laurenson, Lydia. "The Censorship Effect." TechCrunch. N.p., 13 May 2014. Web. 02 Mar.
2016.
http://techcrunch.com/2014/05/03/business-and-censorship/
Lydia Laurenson is a writer, researcher, and communications professional fascinated by social
media and community dynamics. Lydia also served in the U.S. Peace Corps, working with the
HIV program in Swaziland, Africa.

Ive also heard tales of how censorship and its pal, propaganda, strengthen social
media ties. In China, the Internet plays a much deeper role in society because all the
normal media is propaganda. You know that whats appearing in state-run media is not
objective, but something on the Internet might be, says Thomas Crampton, the global
managing director for international marketing agency Ogilvy & Mather.
This article covers the effects of censorship on media. Media is important in countries
like China, where information is commonly withheld or distorted. Social media can
overcome these censorship barriers to better inform people.