Professional Documents
Culture Documents
EKSTERNAL
Hendro Susanto
PENGERTIAN
Opportunity
Kondisi dalam lingkungan umum yang dapat
mendorong upaya perusahaan mencapai
kemampuan bersaing (daya saing)
Threat
Kondisi dalam lingkungan umum yang dapat
menghambat upaya perusahaan mencapai
kemampuan bersaing (daya saing)
SERING DISEBUT
Scanning
Monitoring
Forecasting
Assessing
Environmental
Variables
SOCIETAL ENVIRONMENT
Scanning the
Prentice
TaskHall,
Environment
Inc. 2008
TASK ENVIRONMENT
5 FORCES MODELS
Rivalry Among Existing Firms
Number of competitors
Rate of industry growth
Product or service characteristics
Amount of fixed costs
Capacity
Height of exit barriers
Diversity of rivals
5 FORCES MODELS
Threat of New Entrants
Economies of scale
Product differentiation
Capital requirements
Switching costs
Access to distribution channels
Cost disadvantages
Government policy
5 FORCES MODELS
Threat of substitute products or services
Switching cost
Ketersediaan produk pengganti
5 FORCES MODELS
Bargaining Power of Buyers:
Membeli dalam jumlah besar
Backward integration
Altenatif supplier banyak ,produk standar
& switching cost rendah
Pembeli mendapat keuntungan yang
rendah dari produk
Barang yang dibeli tidak penting bagi
produk dan harga akhir pembeli
5 FORCES MODELS
Bargaining Power of suppliers:
Supplier industri sedikit
Produk/jasa unik & switching cost tinggi
Forward integration
Pembeli hanya membeli sebagian kecil
dari produk dan jasa supplier dan
karena itu tidak penting bagi supplier
Synthesis of External
PrenticeFactors
Hall, Inc. -2008
EFAS