20

40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300

Load Machine Penetration

Reading
(in)

13
26
45
67

Penetration
(mm)

Stress
(MPa)

325
380
428

0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
0.20
0.22
0.24

0.502
1.004
1.506
2.008
2.51
3.012
3.514
4.016
4.518
5.02
5.522
6.024

517
550

0.26
0.28
0.30

6.526 0.724793
7.028 0.735629
7.53 0.730412

95
130
179
230
283

473

0.258964
0.258964
0.298805
0.333665
0.378486
0.431607
0.509391
0.572709
0.626383
0.64741
0.688156
0.710491

Stress - Pe
0.8
0.7
0.6
Stress (MPa)

Penetration of
Dial Reading

0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0

Stress - Penetration Relationship

0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0

Penetration (mm)

Group

I
II
III
IV

Limestone

Valley Gravel

Basalt

95

90

95

85

80

70

55

70

60

85

90

95

75

85

80

50

75

65

95

90

95

90

85

95

45

50

60

88

95

85

100

85

90

60

55

50

95

80

93

90

80

90

60

60

55

95

93

95

85

85

85

65

45

45

90

85

90

85

80

80

60

55

55

95

95

---

75

75

---

80

25

---

91.66667
91.33333
91.83333
91 91.47826

79.16667
90.83333
85.83333
79 83.91304

62.5
53.33333
55
55 56.52174

Granite
20

25

25

20

20

25

20

20

30

10

20

20

40

35

20

18

17

35

40

45

20

10

---

22.5
17.83333
25
30 23.56522