By Arhor H.

Ansqri
Monoger
Developmenf
Engineering
\t'irh rh. inducLion c,f.{i, b.rs
plancs l)e|clciprrenr 01
A-300!ir.r.rfr, rerms E't ()t)s /
m.,dern rurbo tan enginc hlj
EROPSarc bcing connrr,nh
h.^{c\ er made ir p9!!i!:1919
uscd in l)11.ThcrIore ir r!s
cxrnd rhe range of rlin
considercdneccssaq to
cnSrncdacroptaneslo allow
for\1.ardrhis briefon rhe
so;6fd,fiIoTirrcar
subJc.trhrouSh .Air SaJirr.,
r l i s r a n c e lsr:e n r e t l r e c o n c c p r
so rhar allindividuats caJrgcr
6r EToPs/ERops
.,,ne,rrr"
acquarrredqi!h rhephjlos(,
Pnf and rqurrcmcnLs01

lToP/EROPSopc.uti"n

I h e s er c q u i r e m e n r r : r .
h^,ln.nel=n.
[plk,blc;

a,ic',rr-GLt'iiFtli" Fr
pass-e
nB;;FG;t
Fr,i

mB a Sroir GIAIi-wcl eEi

jfElf
i-6oie
oocrrre,rrr
stcT

FAL Adrisog circutar

No. .{C.120.12,{dated
CA{ (Brjrain)C{p 513.
DGACCompleme
nr2rt
condidonCTC 2
(Fran(e).

l'l OP cerlificarionis allowed

bv manufacrurerrequlatory
body for a specfic airframe/
enginecombinadon,and it i.
the manufacturcr's
resDonsibilirl'roensurerhar$; ai,craft ha: bcen designedto
nlcetrhe regularions.

DOT Tcchnicalpublication TP 6327(Canada).

AC.{A .{ir Na\igadon
oroers(Austrajja).
ICAOAnnexurc6.
e)

Bockgrovnd

Regulolory Coveroge

A i r . r r i rm a n , r J ,r . r . . r . h . , . , . f o r E T O P S
unurrecenrlv.
found ir nec.s- t,Iops crtificarionrequire_
saryto usethreeor mol.c
menb are dichted bl the
enginesfor long rangc a.,r1; following:

36 '?

lnitial FAAAd\isory
circular^vo.AGi2042
wasrssLred
ontqlLlllg
I985 whichlaid down
the regularor' requirementsfor ETOPS/
EROPS.

t\nK
SAND

b)

c)

d)

FAR 121 161Ias issued

in 1996and allowed
a;rcraft oPcraLron on
routes wherc in(ermcdtate aitfields \!cre a\'arl
abl al 100 miles dii-

d)

ln i987 deviadonfro'n
FAR l2l J6t uas granc
ed to conduct 75 min'
ulcs ETOPSon Nortb
Atlantic roure for aircrstt firrcd rith engine
of known maruriq'
CdA L;]i also allosed 60
minutcs ma-\diversion
e)
fo. n\'t\\ln cngrnc
aeroplanesfitted wiLh
new cngincs\hich ha\t
not achic\cd opcratronal
maiurit\.

I{EL for f.fOPS : MEIshould r.llc.l adequar

levels o{ Prrmary s}5tcn15
rcdundanq to suPPort
(ETOPS)aPProveo
dilers;on time limitr'
Fd{ rc(0.rmcnds l nat
oPcraro.\'ltL should be
than
more rcsLricLive
tne
c.rnsidcrtng
\{\{EL
kind of r.R oPerarton In
his area
of AirPorts
Eraluatic,,r
suitableJor ETOPS - A
list should be availzble
on board:n ETdP
flight.

IC\O'5 PLrblishcdrc.'
ferminologY IJsed
orlrmendaoons,rf I950s
(t\f.) a) -EIOPS,h\tendd tangc
PcrmiLsal0nli L'r.s
(
1
i
\
!
r
s'()n
rrr'irrc,P.r erions,arc
e n q r n cs P r ' t r d l
thoscfliqlrLsc'\cr a r{'ulc
dm a(ccP!2t)lcf.)r al1
r h a tc o r r . j n a P o j n t
aircraft.
farth.r rh3rronc hour
fl\ing drrc ar the aP'
Prerequisites For
prorcd.ne etgrne rn
ETOPS
oPr]ti\f sPccd (undcr
a) AircraIt,/cngrnc.omlnstand.irdtc,ndirions in
nation:rPProlalb\ air
sull air) ironl an adcplane nlanuf?cturrt s
qu.rteairlor t.
r e g u l a t o l ,r\u l h o r i l ) i s
mandaroD. l-his is al
t)trcnded rangc
b) EROPST
lo$ed for a sPec;llc
operrtions,also re{erred
aitframc enginc combr
1i:) l-R Srmc defini
nation (A310 + (lF 6 SoC
"s
Lion rs trLo\'
or A3l0 + i'j\1r1000 tc )

e)

b)

Airline's enginc IFSD

rale nus( not ttc $fisc
than {orld fl cct avcrtrgc.

c)

CMP mandaroryl{(xis
accompl;shnrcnr(A;t-

MAY/JUN
1999

C'{A ETOPS ConfiSuradon Maintenance&

Procedures or Cus(omcr
\'laintcnanceProgram.
lr is an Airbus lnduslric
document that contains
rninimum rcquircments
including anYsPec'ar
inspccdon, hardware
life, limit-s,VMEL consrarn6 and malnte-

craft, Lnpncs & APU),

must bc .('nPlid wi(h

ct

Adzgu'k AirPotl: Ln
airporr ccrti6ed as en
FAR Parr 139 airPort or
is tound lo bc equivalent
ro FAR Part 139 saf(rtY
rcqLrireIllcnts

In Fliglt Sudotor
(rSD)i when an cn8lnc
ceascsto fr.rnction in
n;ght and is shurdown
for any cause.It is the
most critical ilem qlth
respcctto ETOPS
1)

Appro|ed D;r6im T;ne:

\{ax rime in minules lo
rcach an enroute aher
rrrre actcqua(cairfi.ld 2t
\ j,rgl!{ n-qin e i noPcra
1 i \ c( r u i s cs p e c di n s l i i l
air. Foilo\ing Prorrs,orrs
of ditersion umc arc
i\ rilrbl.
i)

60 ittrtute: Dn,er
rion:r'.ormallr'al'
lor.cd i c. not cons_
dered cxtended
range.

\i)

75 :t'tinutesDirer
r;rn: A spccialcase
b) caseoPcrabonal
:pprorel tlhich crn
sirh
bc
' l i mItanlcd
;tcd
e \ a l u a L o no l
scnicc exPcricn<eat
!he time of aPPlication. (PL\ has this
aPProrarJ

J I

lii) 90 I'Iinutes Dirtr'

rirti 90 min'rre5
di\ersion Limis
allo$ed b) ICAO
Arncxure 6
ir) 120 ilinut.! Diucr
rirar It can be aP
plied for aftcr I2
consccull\remollrns
ofoPeradonai inscrrice exPerience
under 75 minuLcs
diverson Prousron
\") I80 \411tut^Div.r'
rlonrIt can be aF
pIed for. aIler gain
ing 12consecuure
monrhs of oPeratjon
al inscnice trxPerience of conducting
120 minuLescxtcnd'
ed rangc oPerzri()n
g)

h)

Dn'6;al AirPofli:
ETOPSd'rcrs'otr 3'rporrsarc Predcsignatea
and must bc listed in
c o c t p i rd o c u n c n t a r i o n ,
in accordancc\Li!h FA{
ad\iso4 crrcular.
ETOP&gna,tj PoI rion
o f a n E T O P 0 i g h r$ h c n
lhe aroPl3neis fi) ing
under di\'ersiontrme
thresholdbeoleen ${o

NO1.E For Kltl ISB

I,!iK ETOP v:gmcnt rill
bc lSRl'EK onll'.

criticals)/stemsRedundoncyFor EfOPS
Operotion
Under thc IITOPS opc: ating
philosophyprimary a;rclaf!
s)srcmsare consideled to bc
rhoses)stcrrls\\'hich have a

fundam.ntal infl ucnce on

fljght saIrya')d could adverselj bc ajfcr ted b) the
shr:tdown ofan cngne'
Therefore sPcific desiSn
features 3re nccessaryto
retain maximum Possible
rcdundanc1and segregation
of powcr gencrating slstcms
in care of cngin failure.

bilit) Anarysis
e)

CIIP \'laintenanceSran'
dardi C.rmPl;ance.

f)

C\{P Proccdures SLandardi C.mPlian.e.

g)

C\{P Prioriq \{od;fication C.omPliance

C\{P .Lon-Priorit\ \t ods
S.heduling and \tonrhlY
Tra(tjng of \tods Ac

Follo\ing are the E rOPS

requircmentsfor critical
a)

'fo

retain ?t lcast tl^'o

electricalgencrators
atlcr an enginc failute

b)

To rcnin ?t last r\Lo

h\draulicssourccssjtgr
an cngjne failure.

c)

l'o rct"in cnough air

blecd P.,rlbrmancfor
prtsrui ialion, rcc Pro
tccrion.a\lonrcscoorrng
ctc., after an englnc
failure.

Monitorina For Contin'

ued Ai.'r;rthiness lJnder ETOPSOPerotion
Ur:like othcr ccrrifications
L'l'Ol' is nor tl anrcd for c\'er
but;s subjcct(o a serere
continuing a;n\'orthiness
process.Thcrcforc regular
nron;toring and suncillance
arc esicnt;a1,undcr folloring

a)

E n g i n cO i l C o n s u m P
rion \{onitoring.

b)

Engine SPccificConclilion \tonilorjnq

c)

I'rima4 Slstcm Failutcs

\Ionitot Ing

d)

IFsD/Dilersions'Enginc Po\{er Uncontrolla-

complishment.

j)

P;1otReportedDefc.t5
Reliew & Anallsts
Carrling foi\{ard of an
"ER" item on a non
ETOP flight.

l)

,{PU opcraring hours

recording in laYo\'er

m ) ET{)PS Senice Check

Catd CemPliance
.4n E I'OP @nnt;ttee.anll'i'ng
aI r.f, t:m!at" e\It,n Pt \ dnd
ot crall l:TOl'S
A.4 uLlnia
o11.! a
rb&(,
a:
Paf,mane
"1
tun1h, as a f)at1.,1rclttinut

Troining Require'
menrs/Certification
a)

All Personnel;nlohcd
in ETOPSoPcration
mus! be erPoscdlo
ExtendedRangc Training Program

b)

]\-ormal\{aintenance
l raining I'rogram
should focus c'n the
specialnarure of
ETOPS.

NK
38

.)

to'ER'item for oPcrac

ing a non ETOP flight'
the releas is (o be recorded on \taintenance
'RELEAS!-D
Log slip, as
'ER'
OR C/F FOR NON
FLIGHT' This rcmark
$,ill be helplulfor moniroring purPoses.

MainrcnancPrsonnel
rngaged in ETOPS
ccrLification in addilion
ro conlPlerjonof rain'
hill also
inq proqram, ._-

r!9!.r!l1e-3r3!!slSr

ETOPS certfication bv
the competen! au$oritY

,ro;;n,

r",rn

FAA adljsoq requires that

operator should develop a
parlJ conlrol program to
ensur that proper part5 and
confiBuratjonar maintained
for ETOPS.
Exlreme care rs ne.essaD
ro\\'ardsthc interchangcabi['
It statusof A3l0 compo

ltlaster datunentfor aLlPail

nunber relance n Airku A) ta
lUustnted I'ans Catalrgu.. -1
thc lns!turtialu
ac.Tdance --1Lh
af A;rbu thtu\tne.

d)

ConllSxration\faintenanceProcedures
(CNrP)documcnt

e)

Log bools - \\ith Parucular requ;rement of

APU operating hours
recording fiom cockPit

KHI-PEK-K]-II
KHI KUI- _ KHI
t''HI SIx-- Kill
ISB- P!-K_ ISB

\raintenancc standardl
document AllLA 3000
Rev. 10.
b)

c)

ETOPS\{anual -To be
oPcrator
delelopcd b,"-.
and should conlain
ETOPSRoute Opcrating
Polic1,\lainrenance
Program and othcr
requircmen$ describcd
by FAA Advisory Circu
)ar. It is a flight opera!;ons documcnt.
Ifan aircrafi is released
under N{EI-pertaining

MAY/JU11
1999

tr'OIE \lorc routes*rrh

t 20l 160nlinulesdiversiondme are Planned
for future.

Nice lo Know
-

An aircraft czn anq be

cen;licakd ld t 20 ninutes
Aivdsionafer thc actunu'
Latianaf250,000 houn Jor
a givm a;frane/rLgu

Lufthawa;! thelrst arn'

er of Airbus A ) ) G) a0 tL'ith
I80 ninuus diumion
aryol)at,srantedin Jan
1992.

al

Eithera tudraled tai!

nunber or the mtirc AJ tA
Jbet n4 tE tnaintairud
and ofrated urutt ETOPS

al

An ETOPSnnnual;\ t., be
lssuki h I'tigit OPaatnns
D.Fnr,mL to delineun
ause'f,..aataMtasPects.

Jt'tPD{r lvEL conrains

M.P.D.and MEL conrains spccifi c reference

for ETOPS indicated bY
lettcrs"ER."

ExistingETOPRoutes
OI PIA

EfOP Documentqlion
a) AirbusIndusulEI'OPS

di{ersianlran an adzquat.
mrcut aaadrotu Im an)
rwin mgine aircaaJt Hence
oro[1'OP rqtircmmts as

sPeciJi.
rlffnu tn Eron
iten: inni.akd b l2ue's

"ER",

iA

4 he airoaft r"aintmon.r
cl"'?ch.
Pcriodsare ^abted,
"ER' ikns uiI beperfra d at L-TOPSrc@n

nwuled;ntenal!.
^tan ETOPSlighh shalt
r1nain uithin LhelhreshoA
distanczaf an adequatz
ADVICE:
tndaottu. PIA A300 84 is
All indi';duab coacmed uint
a tin a1gin2n?dium
A3 I 0 na;ntenace dnd oqela''
ranle non I:T)P ainafL
tim 'nustfaniliarb2 kerceh'es
u;th ETOPSngunnmts lor
AC t2A 42A <, cAP513
necessaryconPtia&.
daesallru 6A minutes

39