Abraham 1

Anika Abraham
Dr.Blake

Unprotected Sex
According to Cambridge University Hospitals, unprotected sex is defined as sexual
intercourse without the use of a condom. Engaging in unprotected sex can put one at a large
number of risks. Not using protection during sexual intercourse can cause the spreading of
several infections. Another major risk of unprotected sex is unplanned pregnancy. Unintended
pregnancy mainly results from the lack of, inconsistent, or incorrect use of effective
contraceptive methods such as condoms ("Unintended Pregnancy Prevention "). Unprotected sex
also consists of sexual intercourse without the "perfect" use of a condom. It is important that the
sexual participants engage in safe sexual intercourse. In order to perform proper sexual
intercourse partners must take precaution in proper usage of condoms (Cambridge University
Hospital).
STDs
Sexually transmitted diseases also known as STD's are caused by infections that arise
during unprotected sex. STD's are sometimes call sexual transmitted infections because
infections are not diseases if they don't cause symptoms. There are a variety of sexual transmitted
diseases and sexual transmitted infections. According to Planned Parenthood, more than half of
us will conceive a sexual transmitted disease or infection (Planned Parenthood).

Abraham 2

Although condoms are a good way to prevent sexually transmitted diseases and sexually
transmitted infections, there have been no methods that have been proven to be one-hundred
percent effective. On occasion, condoms may break during sexual intercourse and this is still
considered to be unprotected sex. Many people are not aware that they have STDs because the
diseases and infections do not always appear obvious. Any signs of a sexually transmitted
disease or infection should be communicated to your health professional. If tested positive for a
sexually transmitted disease or infection, it is essential that you tell your sex partner (Mayo
Clinic).
Treatments for STDs
Sexually transmitted diseases are contagious and very serious. They are not to be treated
on your own, but by a doctor. If treatment begins early enough for bacterial sexually transmitted
diseases it can be cured with antibiotics. On the other hand, viral sexually transmitted diseases
cannot be cured but symptoms can be managed with medications (Web Md). When an antibiotic
is given to treat a disease it is important to finish off all of the medication even if the symptoms
go away. There is a vaccine called hepatitis B that is given to prevent individuals from STDs. If
one already has the STD the vaccine will not work.
Chlamydia and Gonorrhea
Chlamydia and Gonorrhea are types if STDs. These STDs are the most commonly
reported in the United States. Gonorrhea is transmitted through unprotected sex and can infect
both men and women. It can cause infections in the genitals, rectum, and throat. The most
common age for gonorrhea is between 15-24 years (CDC). Someone can get gonorrhea by
having anal vaginal or oral sex with someone that already has it. It can be prevented by not

Abraham 3

having sex or being sexually active with one person in particular who continuously gets tested
and is clean. Chlamydia can cause permanent damage to a womens reproductive system. This
makes it difficult for the female to get pregnant (CDC). The symptoms in woman for Chlamydia
are painful periods, bleeding between periods, abdominal pain with fever, pain when urinating,
and abnormal vaginal discharge that may have and odor. For males the symptoms are painful
urination, burning and itching around the opening of the penis, pain and swelling around the
testicles, and small amount s of clear or cloudy discharge from the tip of the penis (WebMD).
Pregnancy
Pregnancy is one of the most common consequences of unprotected sex. In recent years
the number of teenage pregnancy has been rising consistently due to the irresponsibility of
teenagers during sex. Many people feel that condoms and the latex material it is made of takes
away from the pleasure during sexual intercourse which is often the reason why people do not
use protection. Birth control enables us to prevent pregnancy and plan the timing of pregnancy.
Pregnancy amongst Teens Due To Unprotected Sex
In the teenage years, young girls and boys take it upon themselves to have sex. This is the
age when teens may have a boyfriend or a girlfriend. The boyfriend may pressure the girl into
having sex, and it is up to the young girl to make the right decision. Although teens think they
know it all, they do not. There is more to sex than just having sex, unprotected sex at that. The
rate of teenage pregnancy continues to increase. There are more teens pushing strollers than
attending school it has almost become an epidemic.
The continuing political importance of teenage pregnancy is marked by the
current government's decision to commission a report by its Social Exclusion Unit.

Abraham 4

Although the UK has the highest teenage fertility rate in Europe, the perception of
teenage pregnancy as an increasing problem is false; the live birth rate to teenage women
in the UK in 1987 was 30.9/1000 compared with 49.7/1000 in 1970 (Spencer).
Birth Control
There are many different methods of birth control including condoms, IUDs, birth control
pills, the rhythm method, vasectomy, and tubal ligation (Planned Parenthood). Emergency
contraception is always an option in the emergency that a condom breaks or you do not use a
condom. One of todays society most frequently asked questions, is rather or not abortion is
ethical. Many teenagers choose to receive an abortion when they do not wish to take on the
responsibility of being a mother. There are two ways in which a woman can receive an abortion,
in clinic abortion and the abortion pill.
Breakdown of Birth Control
IUDs are small T-shaped device inserted into a uterus to prevent pregnancy. It is said to
be long lasting, safe, and effective. This type of birth control can only be done by a health care
provider. It usually costs $500 to $1,000 up front. However, this treatment lasts for up to 12 years
(Planned Parenthood). Birth control pills are a cheaper way to play it safe. Birth control pills are
taken a set amount of times each day and at set times. It is also easier to be prescribed by a
doctor (Planned Parenthood). The rhythm method is when a young lady tracks the days she is
fertile, and makes sure she does not have sex before or during this time. It becomes tricky
because the females menstrual cycle can switch up at any time. Vasectomy is a permanent
method of birth control as well as male sterilization (Planned Parenthood). Tubal Ligation is a

Abraham 5

surgical procedure in which a females fallopian tubes are cut (WebMd). It is another form of
permanent birth control.
HIV/Aids
HIV/Aids are a disease that is passed on from one human being to another through
unprotected sex. It is important to know if ones partner is clean before getting sexually involved.
It is also important for someone with HIV/AIDS to let their partner know that they are diagnosed
with such disease. There is a journal article about unprotected sex with seroconcordant partners
is associated with increased safer sex intentions among HIV positive men in Kathmandu, Nepal
(Poudel, Tandukar, Nakahara, Yasuoka, and Jimnba 191-199). Seroconcordant partners are
relationships in which both partners have the same HIV status (Wikipedia).
One study in France reported that HIV-positive men who have sex with men
(MSM) who reported more than four casual partners or who had unprotected sex with
non-regular partners in the previous year were more likely to practise unprotected sex
with their regular seroconcordant partners. Another study in the United States revealed
that HIV-positive MSM who believed that superinfection damaged their health were less
likely to practise unprotected anal sex than those who did not believe it

Unprotected sex is a continuing problem in society. It is a fact that 1 in every 4 people in

the United States will conceive HIV, a sexually transmitted disease, or a sexually transmitted
infection. It is important that people visit their health professional for frequent checks and
address any concerns that suggest a disease or infection.
Planned Parenthood

Abraham 6

While these issues are still present in todays society, there are facilities
established that serve to prevent these sexually transmitted diseases and to promote proper sexual
intercourse. These facilities also promote proper contraception to prevent unintended
pregnancies. Planned Parenthood is a well known facility focused on this issue. Planned
Parenthood promotes commonsense approach to womens health and well being based on respect
for each individuals right to make informed, independent decisions about health, sex, and family
planning (Planned Parenthood). Planned Parenthood not only educates older folks but mostly
reaches to the youth who need to be informed the most. Most youth ranging from the age of 1316 develop different hormones. Young females begin to like boys and as a result they try new
things. They have sex with young men not knowing the risks, or not being informed of the
dangers of unprotected sex. This is what Planned Parenthood is for, to inform young females to
be very careful with whom they plan to get sexually involved with. Not only is Planned
Parenthood to reach out to young women but also to the community as a whole. The goal of
educating the community is to make it a safer and healthier environment.
Unprotected Sex Due To Alcohol Consumption
Unprotected sex due to alcohol consumption is popular amongst the college population.
College is a time when many individuals become loose and begin to try new things such as
drinking, smoking, & the usage of different types of drugs. Most are not only exposed to such
things but are peer pressured into drinking, smoking, and the usage of different drugs. According
to a journal article drinking proximal to events of sexual intercourse increased the likelihood of
unprotected sex with casual but not steady partners (Kiene , Barta, Tennen, and Armeli 73-80).
The number of drinks a man or woman takes has an impact on whether they will have
unprotected sex with a casual part or a steady partner (see Figure 1). As the number of drinks

Abraham 7

increases for women the rate of unprotected sex with a steady partner decreases and the rate with
a casual partner increases (see Figure 1). As the number of drinks increases for a man, the rate of
both a steady partner and causal partner increases (see Figure 1). Alcohol causes individuals to
act in a manner they may not intend to, therefore accidents happen.
Sex Education in Schools
Unprotected sex is very common amongst teenage years. It is important to educate
females and males from their teenage years so that they are careful as they grow older. Most
schools teach their students about sex and how dangerous it can be. Most schools just tell their
students to use a condom and everything will be alright. What happens when the condom breaks?
These are questions that need to be answered in todays sex education classes. For example,
attending the Professional Performing Arts high school, condoms were given out to any one in
need. There was no class that we sat in to know exactly how a condom is used or what would
happen if one is not used.
22 states and the District of Columbia require schools to teach sex education. 33 states
and the District of Columbia require students to receive instruction on HIV/AIDs (NCSL). More
and more high school students have sex and are unaware of the different risks. Sex education is a
great thing to enforce in all schools worldwide.

Abraham 8

Works Cited
. Cambridge University Hospitals . Web. 1 Apr 2014.
<http://www.cuh.org.uk/addenbrookes/services/clinical/shac/advice/sex/unprotected.html>.
. Mayo Clinic . Web. 1 Apr 2014. <http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sexually-transmitteddiseases-stds/basics/definition/con-20034128>.
. Planned Parenthood . Web. 1 Apr 2014. <http://www.plannedparenthood.org/health-topics/stds-hivsafer-sex-101.htm>.
. Treatments for Sexually Transmitted Diseases . WEB MD. Web. 21 Apr 2014.
<http://www.webmd.com/sexual-conditions/guide/std-treatments>.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . Unintented Pregnancy Prevention . Print.
<http://www.cdc.gov/Reproductivehealth/UnintendedPregnancy/>.
Johnson, Kimbell. WebMD. WebMD. Web. 23 June 2012. <http://www.webmd.com/sex/birthcontrol/rhythm-method>.
Kiene , Susuan, William Barta, Howard Tennen, and Stephen Armeli. "Alcohol, Helping Young Adults to
Have Unprotected Sex with Casual Partners: Findings from a Daily Diary Study of Alcohol Use
and Sexual Behavior." Journal of Adolescent Health. 44.1 (2009): 73-80. Print.
<http://www.sciencedirect.com.ezproxy.desu.edu:2048/science/article/pii/S1054139X0800267X>
.
Poudel, Krishna, Kalpana Tandukar, Shinji Nakahara, Junko Yasuoka, and Masamine Jimnba. "Knowing
The Consequences of Unprotectes Sex with Seroconcordant Partner is Associated with increased
safer sex intentions Among HIV Positive Men in Kathmandu,Nepal." Journal of Health,
Population, and Nutrition. (2011): 191-199. Print.
<http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3131119/>.

Abraham 9
Spencer, Nick. "The social patterning of teenage prenancy ." Epidemiology & Community Health 55 (): n. pag.
Print.
"STATE POLICIES ON SEX EDUCATION IN SCHOOLS." National Conference of State Legislature . N.p.,
n.d. Web. . <http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/state-policies-on-sex-education-in-schools.aspx>.

Abraham 10
Appendix A
Figure 1