Human Body Project Proposal

Respiratory System:
Description of model: Use two balloons to represent the human lungs. We will use a
third balloon to represent the diaphragm. We are using a whistle to represent the vocal
chords as our second function. The bottle represents the human body. The tubing
represents the trachea.
Drawing:
Functions our model will perform:
When you blow into the straw the balloons will show how you inhale and exhale.
(They will expand and contract.) It will also show how the diaphragm works and how it
helps you breathe in the respiratory system. When you exhale the diaphragm will
expand to make room for the lungs, and when you inhale the diaphragm will contract.

Materials:
-3 baloons
-straws
-tape
-2 rubberbands
- a plastic 2 liter bottle
-Y shape hose connector
Construction plan- how we will build it: We will use a water bottle, a straw, and 3
balloons to represent the lungs and the diaphragm. (And how they work together.)
1. Gather together materials listed.We will use scissors, 3 large balloons, 2
rubber bands, electrical tape, a plastic 2 liter bottle, flexible plastic tubing, and a
Y-shaped hose connector.

2. Fit the plastic tubing into one of the openings of the hose connector. Use
the tape to make an airtight seal around the area where the tubing and the hose
connector meet.
3. Place a balloon around each of the remaining 2 openings of the hose
connector. Tightly wrap the rubber bands around the balloons where the balloons
and hose
4. Measure two inches from the bottom of the 2 liter bottle and cut the bottom
off.
5. Place the balloons and hose connector structure inside the bottle,
threading the plastic tubing through the neck of the bottle.
6. Use the tape to seal the opening where the plastic tubing goes through the
narrow opening of the bottle at the neck. The seal should be airtight.
7. Tie a knot at the end of the remaining balloon and cut the large part of the
balloon in half horizontally.
8. Using the balloon half with the knot, stretch the open end over the bottom
of the bottle.
9. Gently pull down on the balloon from the knot. This should cause air to
flow into the balloons within your lung model.
10. Release the balloon with the knot and watch as the air is expelled.
Biology physics/ chemistry principles used in the model/ functions:
-inhaling
-exhaling
- as we inhale, the diaphragm contracts and makes room for the lungs
- as we exhale, the diaphragm relax
- When you breathe in, or inhale, your diaphragm contracts (tightens) and moves
downward. This increases the space in your chest cavity, into which your lungs expand.
The intercostal muscles between your ribs also help enlarge the chest cavity. They
contract to pull your rib cage both upward and outward when you inhale. a quote from
https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/ , the national heart, lung, and blood institute.
- Pressure: The diaphragm action pushes air from the lungs through the vocal cords.
The vocal folds squeeze together tighter to resist air pressure from the lungs.
- Types of tissues involved:
-Epithelial tissues
-Nerve tissues
-Muscle tissues
-Connective tissues
Unresolved issues or questions:

Not applicable

Special requirements/ requests:

We can acquire all of the materials ourselves.

feedback for our group:

make sure to seal the top
make sure their is enough air to make the whistle blow