საქართველოს საეკლესიო კანონების კრებული

sa qa rT ve lo s sa ek le si o ka no ne bi s kr eb ul i
eZRvneba
moZRvar s
sr uliad
patriarq
samSoblos did mamasa da

uw mides sa da un etar ess
s aqarTv elos kaTolikosilia meores
uwmidesi da unetaresi, sruliad saqarTvelos

kaTolikos-patriarqi ilia meore da
mitropoliti anania jafariZe
mi tr op ol it i an an ia j af ar iZ e
saqarTvelos
stu-s
sapatriarqos
Teologiis
manglis-walkis
saswavlo-samecniero
eparqia
centri
saqarTvelos
saeklesio kanonebis
krebuli
(saqarTvelos
saeklesio
krebebis
samarTali,
kanonebi da dadgenilebebi)
Tbilisi ci
saqarTvelos sapat riarqos m an gl is - wa l k is ep ar qi a
stu-s Teo l ogiis saswavlo-samecniero centri
saqarTvelos
saeklesio kanonebis
krebuli
(s aq arTv el os s ae kl es io k re be bi s s am a rT a li ,
kan oneb i da da dge nile beb i)
Tb ilis i
2 010
saqarTvelos eklesiaSi moZRvrebis, mmarTvelobisa da saeklesio sasamarTlos sferoSi

umaRlesi xelisufleba ekuTvnis saqarTvelos eklesiis wmida sinods (saeklesio krebas), misi zrunvis erT-erT sagans warmoadgens `saeklesio kanonebis krebulis, sasuliero da saero saswavleblebis Sesabamisi saxelmZRvaneloebisa da saRvTismetyvelo
literaturis~ gamocema (1995 wlis saeklesio krebis debuleba, Tavi II, $20).
am muxlis aRsasruleblad gaweul naSroms warmoadgens mitropolit anania jafariZis wigni `saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli~ (saqarTvelos saeklesio
krebebis samarTali, kanonebi da dadgenilebebi).
naSromSi erTadaa Tavmoyrili da ganxiluli IV-XX saukuneTa saqarTvelos saeklesio krebebis samarTali.
ganxilul 15 sakanonmdeblo da 50-ze met mimdinare krebis analizs Tan erTvis
krebebis mier gamocemuli samarTlis Zeglebi, amitomac naSromi, amasTanave, warmoadgens saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuls, romelic esaWiroeba rogorc sasuliero pirebsa da marTlmadidebel mrevls, aseve saqarTvelos eklesiis istoriis mkvlevarebs. es wigni, saxelwodebiT `saqarTvelos saeklesio krebebi~, 2003 wlidan warmoadgens saxelmZRvanelos sasuliero akademiaSi.
recenzentebi: g. alasania, s. vardosaniZe,
i. gorgiZe, z. gasitaSvili
meo r e Se swo r e bul i gamo c ema
damtkicebulia monog rafiad

stu-is saredaqcio-sagamomcemlo
sabWos mier. 14.12.2010, oqmi #7
mitropoliti anania jafariZe, 2010

ISBN 978-9941-14-879-8
yvela ufleba daculia. am wignis arc erTi nawili (iqneba es teq sti, foto, ilustracia Tu
sxva) aranairi formiT da saSualebiT (iqneba es eleqtronuli Tu meqanikuri), ar SeiZleba
gamoyenebul iqnas gamomcemlis werilobiTi nebarTvis gareSe.
saavtoro uflebeb is darRveva isjeba kanoniT.
sagamomcemlo saxli ,,teqnikuri universiteti~

http://www.gtu.ge/publishinghouse/
Sesavali
saqarTvelos wmida eklesia warmoadgens erT-erT nawils sayovelTao msoflio

eklesiisa, amitomac misi samarTlis wyaroebi igivea, rac msoflio eklesiisa, Tumca
cxadia, mas viTarca adgilobriv eklesias, sakuTari wyaroebic aqvs, esenia
saqarTvelos saeklesio krebaTa dadgenilebani, eklesiis meTaurTa, kaTalikospatriarqTa epistoleebi da dadgenilebani, saxelmwifo kanonmdeblobani saeklesio
saqmeTa Sesaxeb, samoqalaqo xasiaTis iuridiuli dokumentebi eklesiis Sesaxeb,
agreTve eklesiis avtoritetul mamaTa ganmartebani.
saqarTvelos eklesiis istoriis mniSvnelovan nawils warmoadgens qarTuli
saeklesio samarTali, romlis mTavari wyaro adgilobrivi saeklesio krebebi da
misi kanonmdeblobaa. marTalia, CvenSi saeklesio krebebs uZvelesi droidanve
iwvevdnen, magram, samwuxarod, aqamde arc adgilobrivi saeklesio kanonebis
krebuli da arc TviT krebaTa ganzogadebuli analizi gagvaCnda. am ukanasknelTa
Seswavlis mxriv, CvenSi garkveuli CamorCena igrZnoba. marTalia, XX s-is
dasawyisSi niko maris, ivane javaxiSvilis, korneli kekeliZisa da sxva did
mecnierTa RvawliT safuZveli Caeyara qarTuli samarTlis zogadi istoriis
Seswavlas, magram aTeisturi reJimis dros, XX s-is 20-iani wlebidanve, CaiSala
saeklesio samarTlis Seswavlis axalwamowyebuli saqme. wyaroebis naklebobasTan
erTad, albaT amiT unda aixsnas, rom samecniero literaturaSi mxolod ramdenime
saeklesio krebaa ganxiluli, maSin, roca IV s-dan XX s-mde, TiTqmis 1600 wlis
manZilze, saqarTveloSi asobiT saeklesio kreba unda yofiliyo mowveuli,
dReisaTvis maTi umravlesoba araTu Seswavlili, gamovlenilic ki ar aris.
amasTanave unda aRiniSnos, rom Znelia saeklesio krebebis gamovlena zRva
saistorio masalidan, ar arsebobs am krebebis Sesaxeb pirdapiri miTiTeba,
zogierTi gamonaklisis garda. mkvlevari iZulebulia sxvadasxva sigel-gujarsa da
matianeebSi eZios mxolod iribi miniSneba, anda mowmoba adgilobriv saeklesio
krebaTa Sesaxeb. maTi gamovlenis gareSe ki, rogorc aRiniSna, SeuZlebelia
samarTlis istoriisa da, maSasadame, saqarTvelos eklesiis sruli istoriis dawera.

mociqulTa, wmida mamaTa da msoflio krebaTa kanonebze dafuZnebuli saeklesio
samarTali ZvelTaganve moqmed samarTals warmoadgenda saqarTveloSi.1 am codnas
efuZneboda wmida eqvTime mTawmidelisa da arsen iyalToelis mier gamocemuli
`mcire~ da `didi~ sjuliskanonebi. CvenSi, rogorc Cans, aseve icnobdnen msoflio
krebebis kanonebis ganmmarteblebis: balsamonis, zonaras, aristinesa da maTeos
blastaris Sromebs,
amitomac am
ukanasknelis àlfabeturi
sintagmisa~ da
armenopulos SromaTa Targmanebi `mefe rjulmdeblis~, vaxtang VI-is RvawliT
gamokrebili saxiT miecaT qarTvelebs. es gvafiqrebinebs, rom Tu ara saqarTvelos
eklesiis avtokefaliis gauqmeba ucxo Zalebis mier, ueWvelad, saeklesio samarTali
saqarTveloSic miaRwevda Sesabamis simaRles. erT umcires, mokrZalebul nabijad
am gzaze albaT SeiZleba miviCnioT winamdebare naSromi, romelic daiwera Cveni
uflisa da macxovris, ieso qristes sadideblad.
naSromis mizania vrceli saistorio masalidan saqarTvelos adgilobrivi
krebebis Sesaxeb monacemebis gamovlena, maTi analizi istoriul-filologiuri
TvalsazrisiT da maTi dalageba garkveuli principebis Sesabamisad (qronologiurad
da sistematurad), amasTanave, mokvleuli masalebis Sejereba msoflio saeklesio
samarTlis Tanamedrove donesTan, SesaZleblobis farglebSi. ivane javaxiSvilis
aRniSvniT, samarTlis sferoSi momuSave unda iyos istorikos-filologosi da
amasTanave unda hqondes specialuri iuridiuli ganaTleba, amitomac Cven, viTarca
mxolod istorikosi da ara iuristi, ufro metad vixilavT saeklesio krebebs
istoriul-filologiuri TvalTaxedviT da naklebad vexebiT maT dogmatikurkanonikuri mxriv, Tumca ki mogvaqvs uxvi masala mis Sesaxebac. amasTanave, 20ze meti wlis manZilze Cemi episkoposobis dros, rogorc eparqiaSi, ise wmida
sinodSi xSiri Sexeba mqonda saeklesio-kanonikur samarTalTan. am praqtikulma
saqmianobam cotaodenad gaamdidra Cemi codna am sferoSi. vloculobT, raTa
Semdgom Taobas, ufro metad daxelovnebuls iuridiul sferoSi, Cveni naSromi
gamoadges, viTarca erTi safexuri ufro maRal simaRleze asasvlelad.
gamokvlevis sagani. istoriulad saqarTvelos adgilobrivi eklesiisaTvis savaldebuloa msoflio sayovelTao eklesiis mier SemuSavebuli sakanonmdeblo Zeglebi,
amitomac qarTuli saeklesio samarTali, erTi mxriv, umTavresad msoflio eklesiis
kanonmdeblobas emyareba da misi saeklesio kanonmdeblobis saTaves msoflio
krebebi Seadgens, meore mxriv ki, aseTs warmoadgens saqarTvelos adgilobrivi
krebebi, rogorc ivane javaxiSvili uwodebda _ àdgilobiTi krebani~.2
Cveni gamokvlevis
sagans warmoadgens
saqarTvelos adgilobrivi
krebebi.
rogorc aRiniSna, saqarTvelos eklesiis, viTarca saxelmwifo mniSvnelobis saeklesio organizaciis oficialurad arsebobis 16 saukunis manZilze, mravali kreba
unda mowveuliyo. kanonikuri samarTali iTvaliswinebda weliwadSi ramdenime
saeklesio krebis mowvevas, Tumca mas sxvadasxva Sesabamis konkretul mizezTa
gamoc iwvevdnen. miuxedavad mowveul krebaTa siWarbisa, maT Sesaxeb pirdapiri
cnobebi
metad mcire
raodenobiT SemorCa.
sxvadasxva wyaroTa
monacemebze
dayrdnobiT, Cven mier SesaZlebeli gaxda saqarTveloSi Catarebuli, anda qarTuli
eklesiisadmi miZRvnili 40-mde krebis gamovlena XIX s-mde, xolo XX s-Si
Catarebuli krebebis ricxvi aWarbebs 50-s. isini davyaviT or ZiriTad jgufad
_ pirvelia krebebi, romelnic iyvnen mowveulni kanonmdeblobiTi moRvaweobisaTvis, anda Seikribnen sagangebod pirvelxarisxovani sakiTxebis gansaxilvelad da
i. doliZe , qarT uli samarTlis Zegle bi, III t. 19 70 w. winasit yvaoba, gv. 5;
qarT uli samarTlis istor ia, wigni 1, Txzule bani, t. VI, 1982, gv. 24 -26.
1
iv. javaxiSv ili,
kanonebic gamosces, meore jgufs ki ganekuTvnebian isini, romelnic ar yofilan

mowveulni kanonmdeblobiTi moRvaweobisaTvis, aramed sxvadasxva mimdinare saeklesio
sakiTxis gadasaWrelad Sedga. Cven vixilavT rogorc pirvelxarisxovan, ise Cveulebriv
krebebs. agreTve, rogorc aRvniSneT, calke jgufad gamovyaviT is krebebi, romelnic
ucxoeTSi iqnen mowveulni saqarTvelos eklesiis sakiTxebis gadasaWrelad, aseve
msoflio krebebi, romlebSic qarTveli episkoposebi monawileobdnen.
saqarTvelos
adgilobriv krebebze
miRebuli dadgenilebebi
savaldebulo
iuridiuli normebis xasiaTis matarebeli iyo saqarTvelos saeklesio cxovrebaSi.3
iseve, rogorc savaldebulos warmoadgenda msoflio eklesiis mamaTa ganmartebani,
kaTalikos-patriarqTa da moZRvarTa epistoleebi, samoqalaqo xasiaTis iuridiuli
kodeqsebi gamocemuli eklesiis mimarT.
problemis Seswavlis mdgomareoba da sakiTxis istoriografia. samarTlis mecniereba Seswavlis sagans warmoadgenda ZvelTaganve: aTenis, aleqsandriis, antioqiis,
romis da Semdeg konstantinopolis umaRles skolebSi. aq miiRes iuridiuli
ganaTleba wmida basili didma, grigori RvTismetyvelma, ioane oqropirma, ambrosi
mediolanelma. 534 wlamde am Tavisebur universitetebSi Warbobdnen warmarTi
profesorebi, romelTac imperatorma iustinianem aukrZala leqciebis wakiTxva.
skolaTa nawili amis gamo daixura. universitetebi darCa romsa da konstantinopolSi. am epoqis bizantiaSi saero da kanonikuri samarTali ar ganirCeoda
erTmaneTisagan
da konstantinopolis
skolis samarTalmcodneebi
makedonelTa
dinastiis epoqaSi monawileobdnen sakanonmdeblo krebulebis: `proqironis~, èpanagogis~ da `basilikis~ gamocemebSi.4
XI s-Si konstantinopolis wm. giorgis eklesiaSi gaixsna pirveli specialuri
iuridiuli skola. misi meTauri atarebda `nomofilaqsis~ (kanonTa damcvelis)
tituls. am skolasTanaa dakavSirebuli avtoritetuli kanonistebis - aleqsi
aristines, ioane zonaras da Teodor balsamonis Sromebi. aristinem da balsamonma,
romelnic Tavis dros skolas xelmZRvanelobdnen kidec nomofilaqsis tituliT,
da zonaram Seadgines vrceli egzegetikuri ganmartebani kanonikuri korpusis mTeli
Sedgenilobisa.5 konstantinopolis jvarosanTagan gaTavisuflebis Semdeg, XIV s-Si,
bizantiaSi Seadgines cnobili `sintagma~ mRvdel-monazon maTe blastarisa da èqvsi
wigni~ (ègzabiblosi~) Tesalonikeli nomofilaqsisa, konstantine armenopulosi.
saqarTveloSi bizantiuri saeklesio samarTlis es bolo monapovrebic ki
cnobili iyo, amas miuTiTebs maTe blastaris `sintagmisa~ da konstantine
armenopulos Sromebis Targmna gamokrebili saxiT samTavisis episkoposis kviprianes
mier vaxtang VI-is dros. mas samTavisis kaTedraze miuRia Txovna batoniSvil
vaxtangisagan, qarTulad gadmoeRo blastarisa da armenopulos naSromebi. am
naSromebs hqonda praqtikuli xasiaTi, Targmani sasamarTlo praqtikaSi gamosayeneblad iyo gansazRvruli.
saqarTveloSi ufro adre, praqtikuli da ara samecniero-kvleviTi mizniT,
SemoqmedebiTi midgomiT iTargmneboda kanonikuri Zeglebi, iqmneboda sakanonmdeblo
Zeglebis krebulebi. esaa _ eqvTime aTonelis `mcire sjuliskanoni~ da arsen
iyalToelis `didi sjuliskanoni~. pirveli Sedgenili iqna qarTvelTa monasterSi,
aTonis wmida mTaze, meore ki, albaT, gelaTis monasterSi. qarTuli monastrebi
_ saswavlo kerebic iyo, rogorc amJamad uwodeben _ àkademiebi~. albaT maTSi
Sesabamis iuridiul ganaTlebas iRebdnen sasuliero pirebi, yovel SemTxvevaSi,
TviT XVIII s-is dasawyisSic ki samTavisis kaTedraze iseTi ganaTlebuli piris
3
5
k. kekeliZ e,
iqv e, gv. 17.
qar Tuli lit. ist oria, I, 1980, gv. 569;
D& W sgby^ Wthrjdyjt Ghfdj^ 19 94^ c& 16$
yofna, romelmac `sintagmisa~ da èqvsi wignis~ gaanalizeba da Sesabamisi muxlebis

Targmna SeZlo, unda adasturebdes zemoTqmul mosazrebas.
1852-59 wlebSi aTenSi ralisa da potlis redaqciiT gamovida 6-tomiani
`sintagma saRmrTo da wmida wignebisa~. masSi Sedis kanonikuri korpusi - `14titlovani nomokanoni~,
maTe blastaris `sintagma~, aristines, zonaras da
balsamonis ganmartebani, agreTve, bolo drois konstantinopolis sapatriarqosa da
saberZneTis samefoSi gamocemuli kanonebi eklesiis Sesaxeb.
saqarTveloSi TiTqmis erTi saukuniT adre msgavsi krebuli Seadgina `rjulmdebelma~ vaxtang VI-m. krebuli warmoadgens samoqalaqo da saeklesio samarTlis
kodeqss. igi vaxtangma Seadgina domenti kaTalikosisa da grigol episkoposis
TanadgomiT. krebuli, `moses samarTlis~ garda, moicavs e.w. `siriul-romaul
samarTals~, `berZnul samarTals~ (blastarisa da armenopulos Sromebidan gamonakreb
muxlebs),
e.w.
`somxur
samarTals~
(Cans,
istoriuli saqarTvelos
samxreT
provinciebSi gamosayenebel samarTals), vaxtangis krebulSi Sedis saqarTvelos
sakanonmdeblo saeklesio
krebaTa mier miRebuli kanonebi
- `kaTalikozTa
samarTali~, Wulevis krebis mier damtkicebuli kanonebi - `beqas da aRbuRas
samarTali~ `bagrat kurapaltis samarTali~, giorgi brwyinvales `Zeglis dadeba~
da krebulis bolo nawilia `samarTali batoniSvilis vaxtangisa~. esaa qarTuli
erovnuli samarTlis yvelaze srulyofili Zegli da marTlmsajulebis ZiriTadi
saxelmwifo wigni. igi gamoiyeneboda XIX s-is 30-ian wlebamde. XIX s-Si Sewyda
sakanonmdeblo Zeglebze muSaoba, radganac saqarTvelos eklesiam dakarga avtokefalia. XX s-Si, mxolod aTeistebis batonobis Semdeg, 90-ian wlebSi daarsebul
Tbilisis sasuliero akademiaSi Seudgnen saeklesio samarTlis Seswavlas. rogorc
cnobilia, saeklesio samarTlis disciplinis qarTuli saxelmZRvanelo, jerjerobiT,
ar dawerila. sazogadod, saeklesio samarTals swavloben universitetebis Sesabamis
iuridiul skolebSi. aseTi qarTuli skola, jerjerobiT, Camoyalibebuli ar aris.
saRvTismetyvelo da samomavlod iuridiul fakultetebze, albaT, saeklesio
samarTlis Seswavlis saqmes yuradReba mieqceva. miuxedavad Sesabamisi samecniero
skolebis ararsebobisa, saqarTveloSi saeklesio samarTals swavlobdnen cnobili
mecnierebi, istorikosebi da filologebi. rogorc zemoT ukve aRvniSneT, iv.
javaxiSvils miaCnda, rom samarTlis mecnierebas, misi specifikurobis gamo, unda
swavlobdes Sesabamisi iuridiuli ganaTlebis mqone piri - `samarTlis istorikosi
unda iyos erTsa da imave dros iuristica da filologos-istorikosi, rac
rasakvirvelia iSviaT SemTxvevas warmoadgens.6 albaT saeklesio samarTlis mkvlevari, iuridiulTan erTad, saRvTismetyvelo ganaTlebis mqone istorikos-filologi
unda iyos. qarTuli samarTlis iuridiuli institutebi da samarTlebrivi
debulebebi asaxulia samarTlis wignebSi, sigel-gujrebsa da CveulebiT samarTalSi.
rogorc aRiniSna, qarTuli samarTlisa da kanonmdeblobis istoriaSi gansakuTrebuli roli ekuTvnis sjulmdebel mefe-mecniers vaxtang VI-s. man Seqmna
sakodifikacio komisia, Seadgina samarTlis wignTa didi krebuli. agreTve, Seadgina
qarTuli saxelmwifo samarTlis didebuli Zegli `dasturlamali~. misi mefobis
periodi iyo qarTuli sjulmdeblobis ganaxlebisa da ayvavebis xana.
qarTuli samarTlis istoriis sakiTxebi
ioane da daviT batoniSvilebis naSromebSi,
vneloba aqvT.7
ramdenime
batoniSvili,
6
ganxilulia vaxuSti batoniSvilis,

romelTac wyaroTmcodneobiTi mniS-
mniSvnelovani saeklesio krebis Sesaxeb cnobas gvaZlevs vaxuSti

kerZod, igi ruis-urbnisis krebis Sesaxeb mogviTxrobs: `ganixila
iv. javaxiSvili, Txz. VI, 1982, gv. 15;
iqv e, gv. 7-8.
mefeman, rameTu saxlni RvTisani quab avazakTa qmnil iyvnen, mwyemsni _ ara
mwyemsni, garna mgelni, amisTvis Sekribna kaTalikoz-episkopozni da samRvdeloni
mamulisa Tvisisani da sxua-kerZonica, qmna kreba q~sa C~rg [1103 w.] qarTulsa
t~kg, da TviTca mun mjdomi ara viTarca mefe, aramed viTarca mona, ganamtkices
i~b krebaTa damtkicebuli WeSmariti sarwmunoeba, uRirsni gankueTnes da daaweses
erad, xolo Rirsni saydarTa maTTa dasxes~.8
vaxuStis cnobiT, ruis-urbnisis kreba Sedga daviT aRmaSeneblis mier kaxeThereTis SemoerTebamde, radganac am krebas eswreboda samRvdeloeba ara marto mefe
daviTis `mamulidan~, aramed `sxva - kerZonica~. mefis `mamulis~ qveS igulisxmeba
àfxazTa da qarTvelTa~ samefoebi, `sxva - kerZonis~ qveS ki, cxadia, kaxeThereTisa, Tbilisis da qvemo qarTlis samRvdeloeba. krebis damTavrebis Semdeg
mefem SemoierTa `hereT-kaxeTi~, amitomac, misi azriT, ruis-urbnisis kreba Sedga
ara 1104 anda 1105 wels, kaxeT-hereTis SemoerTebis Semdeg, aramed iqamde, aseTia
vaxuStis cnoba.
imereTis saeklesio krebis Sesaxeb vaxuSti wers - `JamTa amaT Sina, iqmna
ganteveba colTa, klva kacTa da idumal tyvis yidva da usjuloni sjulsa zeda
mravalni imereTsa Sina. amisaTvis Sekrbnen qarTlisa kaTalikozi malaqia, afxazTa
kaTalikozi evdemon da yovelni episkopozni imereT-odiSisani. xolo episkopozni
eseni iyvnen: quTaTeli svimon, genaTeli antoni, Wyondideli, bedieli, moqveli,
drandeli filipe, cagereli kozman, xoneli zaqaria, nikorwmindeli ioakim,
Caiseli kvirile. amaT ganaCines moqmedTa maTTaTvis jerovani Serisxuani, dawernes
da SeaCuenes moqmedni misni, viTarca gvauwyebs aRwerili maTi~.9
ioane bagrationis `sjuldeba~ warmoadgens saqarTvelos saeklesio samarTlis
istoriisaTvis mniSvnelovan Zegls,
masSi
gvxvdeba mosazrebani
saqarTvelos
eklesiis umaRlesi sammarTvelo organos - `dikasteriis~, eklesiis meTaur
`kaTalikosis~, eklesiebSi `saqveyno saqmeTa gancxadebis~, qarTvel mefeTagan
TavianT kaTedrebze èpiskoposTa dasmis~, samxedro `jaris mRvdelTa~, `samRvdelo
wesdebisa~ da sxvaTa Sesaxeb.
i. bagrationis `sjuldebis~ teqstis gamomcemlis, iv. surgulaZis TvalsazrisiT,
es Zegli arasodes yofila `sakanonmdeblo aqti~, imJamindeli samarTlis wyaro,
aramed mxolod proeqts warmoadgenda, romelic avtorma miarTva mefe giorgi XIII-s,
magram, Cveni TvalsazrisiT, mas garkveuli formiT gavlena mouxdenia saqarTvelos
eklesiis samarTalze mogvianebiT, kerZod, avtokefaliis aRdgenis Semdeg. Cven
vgulisxmobT im garemoebas, rom ioane batoniSvilis mier dikasteriisaTvis
dakisrebuli funqcia da misi Semadgenloba gvagonebs 1917-1927 wlebSi saqarTvelos eklesiaSi moqmed 1917 wlis krebis mier dadgenil `sakaTalikoso sabWos~.
saqme isaa, rom `sjuldebis~ mniSvnelovani nawili daibeWda da gamoqveynda
sasuliero organoSi `mwyemsi~, romelsac d. RambaSiZe redaqtorobda, 1894-1896 ww.
igi am sasuliero JurnalSi uwyvetad, TiTqmis ori wlis manZilze ibeWdeboda
(sul daibeWda 16 nomerSi), rogorc cnobilia, TiTqmis amave epoqaSi daiwyo
avtokefaluri moZraoba, qarTveli samRvdeloeba
im
dros eZebda momavali
sakaTalikoso eklesiis mmarTvelobis formebs. Cans, am dros momavali sakaTalikoso
sabWos Semadgenlobisa da funqciis gansazRvrisas maTze zegavlena iqonia i.
batoniSvilis sjuldebis qveTavma `samRvdelo wesdeba~, romelSic paragrafia
saTauriT: `dikasteriisa anu sasuliero wesdebisaTvis~.10 dikasteria asea ganmartebuli - `dikasteria (anu sasuliero samarTali), anu saeklesio saqmeebi. sakurTxi
8
qarTlis cxovreba, t. IV, 1973, gv. 156;
iqve, gv. 824;
10
i. bagrationi, sjuldeba, 1957, gv. 23-27.
10
mRvdelni, arqimandritni, episkoposni iyos gamorCeviT dikasteriis wevrTagan.

dikasteriis wevrni iyvnen Semdegni:
1. kaTalikosi; 2. tfileli;
3. ori
arqimandriti; 4. ori dekanozi; 5. mefis moZRvari; 6. mefisagan miCenili Tavadi
(sasulieros mTavari); 7. samni, anu orni mweralni. ese yovelni Sekrbebodnen
kviraSi orjer orSabaTs da paraskevs da yovelni sasuliero saqme da samarTali
amaT mier ganixilebodes~.11 i. batoniSvilis dikasteria 10-12 wevrisagan Sedgeba.
1917 wlis èklesiis marTva-gamgeobis debulebis~ mixedviT `sakaTalikoso sabWo~
Sedgeba 12 wevrisagan, maT Soris pirveli kaTalikosi iyo. sabWos igive funqcia
eniWeboda, rac dikasterias. `sabWos dadgenilebani savaldebuloa yvela saeklesio
dawesebulebaTa da eklesiis wevrTaTvis ($8), igive funqcia aqvs `dikasterias~ `yoveli sasuliero saqme da samarTali~ mas ekuTvnis.
iv. surgulaZe dikasterias ase ganmartavs - `kolegialuri xasiaTis sasuliero
dawesebuleba administraciuli da sasamarTlo funqciebiT~.12 `kalmasobaSi~ i.
bagrationi dikasteriis Sesaxeb wers
- `dikasteria ars berZnuli sityva,
romelic niSnavs upirveles samsajulsa da samsajulTa SesakrebelTa adgilTa~.13
rusuli eklesiis mmarTvelobis Sesabamisad, es dawesebuleba anton II-is mmarTvelobis bolo wlebSi qarTlis sakaTalikosoSic dainerga, arsebobda egzarqosobis
pirvel xanaSic. i. batoniSvilis `dikasteriac~ emsgavseba rusul saeklesio
mmarTvelobis formas. magaliTad, dikasteriis wevri e.w. `mefisagan miCenuli
Tavadi (sasuliero mTavari)~ igivea, rac rusul uwmides sinodSi saimperatoro
xelisuflebis mier daniSnuli oberprokurori. am `sjuldebiT~ kaTalikosis
funqcia SezRudulia dikasteriis mier, es ukanaskneli eklesiis faqtobrivi
mmarTvelia. mefisagan `miCenili sasuliero mTavari~ saero xelisufalia, romelic
kontrols uwevs sasuliero xelisuflebas, mis xelSia sasuliero ganaTlebis saqmec
kaTalikosTan erTad. proeqtis mixedviT, qarTul saxelmwifoSi grigorianuli da
kaTolikuri eklesiebisaTvis da mahmadianebisaTvisac unda Camoyalibebuliyo Sesabamisi dikasteriebi. ioane batoniSvilisaTvis, iseve, rogorc mamamisisaTvis giorgi
XIII-isa da papisaTvis (erekle II-isaTvis) rusuli saxelmwifoebrivi wyobileba
misabaZ magaliTs warmoadgenda. ioanec cdilobs mis gadmonergvas saqarTveloSi,
adgilobriv wyobilebasTan mis SeTavsebas. ruseTSi 1721 w. petre I-ma gaauqma
patriarqoba. saqarTveloSi kaTalikosobis instituti ise Zlieri iyo, rom TviT
proeqtSic ki mas batoniSvili ver Seexo, Tumca, rogorc aRiniSna, misi
Zalaufleba SezRuda. misi azriT, `kaTalikosi Rirsebisamebr da ara mefis ZeobiT
ikurTxebodes kaTalikosad, vinc iyos mecnier da patiosani~.14 Tu iqamde
kaTalikosis xelSi iyo eklesiis mTeli Semosaval-gasavali, proeqtiT mas daeniSna
xelfasi wliurad 250 Tumani vercxlis fuli, garda amisa, mas sakaTalikosos
Semosavlidan unda miscemoda mudmivad èqvsi sulisa sadilisa da vaxSmisa
xoragi~.
kaTalikosis mudmiv
damxmare TanamSromlad
iniSnebodnen òri
arqimandriti, eqvsi mRvdel-monazoni, oTxi mTavardiakoni,
ori diaCoqi (kerZo
diakoni) lamprisa da kverTxis mWerali, ori moJamne, erTi xelis dambani, erTi
mwignobari, rva mgalobeli~, amaT garda `Semosavlebis mcvelni da eklesiis
nivTebis mcvelni, erTi ikonomosi da saWmlis rigis mimcemi ori mwerali, ori
mzareuli, ori mepure, oTxi yuluxCi (mcveli mxlebeli), oTxi fareSi, ori
mekare da ezos mgveli, erTi eklesiis damgveli, sami mejinibe da ezos mejore
da ise xuTi mosamsaxure~.15 maTTvis kaTalikoss `sakaTalikoso Semosavlidan~
miecemoda Sesabamisi `xoragi~ da saxarjo. òdes mefes an sxvaT miiwvevs
kaTalikosi, maSin Semosavlidam aqvs neba daxarjos weliwadSi oTxgzis stumrobisaTvis~ da sxva msgavsi gansazRvrebani gvxvdeba sjuldebaSi.
i. bagrationi, sjuldeba, 1957, g v. 25;
23; 15 iqv e, gv. 23.
11
12
iqv e, gv. 7 6;
13
`kalmasob a~, II, 1948, gv. 28;
14
iqve , gv.
11
asevea gansazRvruli episkoposTa xarjebic, kerZod, mTavarepiskoposebs: alaverdels, bodbels, mrovels da nekresels eZlevaT TanamSromlad `TiTo arqimandriti,
oTx-oTxi mRvdelmonazoni an mRvdeli, or-ori mTavardiakvani, sam-sami mgalobeli,
or-ori moJame mwignobari, orni diakonni, sam-sami msaxuri, erTi mzareuli, erTi
mepure, ori fareSi anu karis mcveli da damgveli, TiTo mejinibe, sami
mosamsaxure. maT eZlevaT `jamagiri TeTrad~ da ùlufa eklesiidam~. sxva
episkoposebsac msgavsadve odnav Semcirebuli TanamSromlebi eZlevaT. amis garda,
maT xelSia `kondakiT naSovni~, anu sxvadasxva wesis SesrulebisaTvis miRebuli
Semosavali `saimtverio da sawiravi TviT moixmaron~.16 XX s-Si gardacvlilis
WirisuflebisaTvis mezobel-naTesavTa mier mitanil Sesawevar fuls `gadasaxuravi~
erqva (imereTSi), rogorc Cans, imave mniSvnelobisaa `wasaxuravi~ sjuldebaSi. mefis
gardacvalebis dros èpiskoposni wasaxuravs nurRa miarTmeven mefeTa, nuca
saimtveriosa aRiReben amisTvis, radgan mefeTa arian dasmulni episkoposad da
samRvdelod ganwesebulni~.17
aq sainteresoa is, rom saepiskoposo kaTedrebze episkoposebi Zvel saqarTveloSi
`daismebodnen mefeTa mier~. kaTedra mefis iyo. rogorc sxva sabuTebidan Cans,
mitropolitis da sxva msgavs wodebasac mefe iZleoda. rusuli wesdebis mixedviT
nakurTx episkoposs kaTedras mefe aZlevda _ (Bp,hf yyjve kbwe j,]zdkztncz D scjxfbitt g jdtktybt j ,snbb tve tgbcrjgjv nfrjv-nj uhflf) .18
ganvixiloT `samarTali batoniSvilis daviTisa~ (teqsti gamosca da gamokvleva
daurTo daviT furcelaZem, Tb., 1964). qarTl-kaxeTis bolo mefis, giorgi XII-is
brZanebiT, mis vaJs, daviT batoniSvils moqmedi samarTlis mosawesrigeblad daevala
Seedgina samarTlis wigni, romelic wodebulia viTarca `samarTali batoniSvilis
daviTisa~. esaa XVIII-XIX ss-Ta mijnaze Sedgenili Zegli, Sedgenili imdroindeli
rusuli samarTlis Zeglebis gaTvaliswinebiT.
daviT batoniSvilis samarTali saqarTvelos eklesiisa sasuliero pirebis mimarT
moiTxovs pativiscemas, rasac Sesabamisad asabuTebs kidec. kerZod, 149-e muxlSi
naTqvamia - `qveyana Cveni Soris warmarTTa ars mdebare, romlisaTvisca xams
yovelTa samRvdeloTa pativiscema~;19 batoniSvili daviTi iyo eklesiisa da
sarwmunoebis moyvaruli, keTilmorwmune. zrunavda eklesiis gaZlierebisa da
ayvavebisaTvis, rac aisaxa kidec misi samarTlis muxlebSi. me-100 muxlSi naTqvamia:
èklesia aris gvirgvini mefisa da dideba da wyaro yovlisa bednierebisa, da
gaaxlebuli kacisa RvTisa Tana, da mpoebeli bednierebisa viTarca dausrulebelsa
mas saukunesa, egreTve dasrulebadsaca amas, amisaTvis xams, romel mefeTagan da
erTa iyos pativcemul da didebul~.20
eklesia bednierebis wyaroa, rogorc am wuTisofelSi (`dasrulebadsa amas
saukunesa~), ise im qveynad. daviTi wuxs, rom saqarTvelos eklesia TiTqmis
`dacemisadmi miwevnul ars~ imis gamo, rom àrca mefeTa, arca TavadTa, aznaurTa
da glexTa aqunda misadmi zrunva~, ufro metic, ersa Tu bers mis mimarT guli
gagrilebuli aqvs, amitomac arian kidec damdablebul-daglaxakebulni, TviT
meurveebi Zarcvavdnen (`krexden~) eklesiebs da saeklesio qonebas aZlevdnen TavianT
naTesavebsa da aznaurebs. amis mxilvelio, wers batoniSvili daviTi, àRvityine
SuriTa~ (e.i. vinebe), raTa samociqulos wesdebis msgavsad Semedgina saeklesio
wesdeba, raTa eklesia daubrundes Tavis Zvel didebas, rogorc hqonda Cveni
winaprebis droso.
`kalmasoba~, II, 1948, gv. 24; 17 iqve, gv. 31; 18 -
, , 1900, . 84; 19 `samarTali batoniSvilis daviTisa~, 1964, gv. 85; 20 iqve, gv. 162;
16
12
daviTi miiCnevs, rom episkoposTa raodenoba unda Semcirdes, radganac maTi

siWarbe aglaxakebs eklesias. saqarTveloSi mravali episkoposia, wers daviTi, magram
maT ara hyavT imdeni mrevli, ramdenic episkoposebs unda hyavdeT saerTod. èse
ars pirveli mizezi daglaxakebisa eklesiisa~ imis gamo, rom maT gasavals
Semosavali ver eTanxmeba, àra Sesworebis~, xolo Tu episkoposi daglaxakda (e.i.
gaRaribda), es ar ekadreba mis xarisxsa da Rirsebas, Tu Tavisi Rirsebis
Sesabamisad moiqceva, misi Semosavali amas ver gawvdeba, amitomac gadavwyviteT,
rom saqarTveloSi (gulisxmobs qarTl-kaxeTs) sul oTxi episkoposi eyolebaT, maT
gauCndebaT ufro meti samwyso da TavianTi xarisxis Sesabamisad moiqcevian, maTi
movaleoba aris qadageba saxarebisa, warmarTTa moqceva, radganac isini arian eris
moZRvarTa Tavni.21
sxvaTaSoris, TiTqmis saukunis Semdeg kaTolikos-patriarq kalistrates piriqiT
miaCnda, rom saqarTveloSi episkoposTa ricxvi usaTuod unda gazrdiliyo, raTa
maTi swavleba da madli mrevlamde misuliyo.22 marTlac, XIX s-Si eparqiaTa
gauqmebam mZime sarwmunoebrivi Sedegi gamoiRo.23
daviT batoniSvilis Tanaxmad, `pirveli episkoposi~ TbilisSi unda iyos, mas
mitropolitis wodeba eqneba, viTarca dedaqalaqis mRvdelmTavars. misi samwyso
aris mcxeTamde diRomi, Tbilisis garemoni, walka-TrialeTi, qvemo qarTli, kaxeTis
nawili. meore episkoposi arqiepiskoposis wodebiT bodbeli unda iyos, mis samwysoSi
Seva gaRmarTi da gamoRmarTi kaxeTi, e.i. alaznisiqiTa mxare (gaRmarTi) kaxeTi, anu
dRevandeli saingilo da alaznisaqeTa teritoria. mesame iwodeba gorisa da mcxeTis,
anu qarTlis episkoposad. misi samwyso mTeli qarTlia samaCablomde. meoTxe
episkoposi àrs mTebisa: didisa liaxvisa, patarisa, qsanisa, aragvisa, TuSisa, fSavisa
da xevsureTisa da eseve ars xarWaSnelica~.24
daviT batoniSvilis samarTali CvenTvis imiTaa saintereso, rom saqarTvelos
eklesiis avtokefaliis gauqmebis Semdeg eparqiaTa ricxvis Secirebisa da axali
eparqiebis ricxvis gansazRvris dros, rogorc Cans, ruseTis saeklesio da
saxelmwifo xelisuflebas usargeblia daviT batoniSvilis samarTlis wignis
aRniSnuli me-100 muxliT. rogorc cnobilia, rusulma xelisuflebam aRmosavleT
saqarTveloSi erT periodSi marTlac oTxi saepiskoposo daaarsa. rusebma erT
periodSi marTlac daaarses `mTis eparqia~ daviTis
zemoaRniSnuli muxlis
Sesabamisad, masSi Seiyvanes saqarTvelos mTianeTis mosaxleoba, oRond rusebma mas
ratomRac òseTis eparqia~ uwodes. masSi aragvis xeobac Sedioda. amasTanave,
rusebi gamudmebiT unergavdnen am eparqiis mrevls, rom isini eTnikurad osebi
iyvnen (es sakiTxi sxvagan gvaqvs ganxiluli).
amasTanave,
daviTi miiCnevs,
rom arqimandritebis
ricxvic oTxiT
unda
ganisazRvros, maTi Semosavali mefis xazinaSi unda Sevides, saidanac miecemaT
`jamagiri sakmao~, gauqmebuli saepiskoposoebis Semosavali `daidvas SkolaTaTvis da
saswavloTa da stambisaTvis~.
batoniSvil daviTs surda saqarTvelos eklesiasa da saxelmwifos Soris
damyarebuliyo iseTive damokidebuleba, rogoric iyo imJamindel ruseTSi. kerZod,
eklesiis mmarTvelobiT organod moiazrebs dikasterias. imave me-100 muxlis
Tanaxmad, ùpirvelesi dikasteria, romlisa mierca imarTebis saqarTvelos sasuliero jer-ars ese tfilissa Sina yofad~.25
`samarTali batoniSvilis daviTisa~, 1964, muxli 100, gv. 163; 22 kaT olikos -patriarqi k alistr ate,
`mware mog onebani~, man glis walkis e parqiis arqiv i, s. #7, xel naweris asli, gv. 4 4; 23 iqve , gv.
XXI; 24 `samarTali batoniSvilis daviTisa~, 1964, gv . 164 ; 25 iqv e, gv. 166.
21
13
dikasteria Sedgeboda zemoaRniSnuli 4 mRvdelmTavrisagan (1 mitropoliti da

3 episkoposi). amasTanave, mitropoliti mudmivi wevria, xolo sxva episkoposebi
oTx-oTxi TviT asruleben wevris movaleobas dikasteriisa. maT garda dikasteriis
wevrebi arian karis moZRvari, mefis moZRvari, karis dekanozi da sionis dekanozi.
am ukanasknelis Secvla SeuZlia romelime sxva `swavlul da Rirs~ mRvdels.
dikasterias unda hyavdes erTi prokurori mefisa. igi ucxadebs dikasterias
`mefis brZanebas~. es prokurori dikasteriis wevrebis meTvalyurea (`mWvreteli~),
raTa raime sakiTxi ukanonod ar gadawydes. dikasteriaSi yoveli saqme unda
gadawydes `sjulis kanoniTa, dadebuliTa wmidaTa mamaTaTa,
raica ara ipoebodes
mun, ixmaron aRsavsebelad kanoni berZenTa mefeTani,26 e.i. e.w. `samarTali
berZuli~, an `kanoniTa Cemgan dadebuliTa~ - wers daviT batoniSvili. misive
azriT `kerZo dikasteria~ unda arsebobdes eparqiebSi episkoposis karze. misi
wevrebi arian iqauri arqimandriti da eparqiis pirveli dekanozi. daviTis azriT,
eklesiaSi sasuliero pirebis (e.i. `moweseTa~) ricxvi didi ar unda iyos,
radganac maTi simravle iwvevs `friadsa mwirobasa~ (e.i. siRaribes). dikasteria
ikribeba oTxSabaT-paraskevs.
monofizitebisaTvis (somxuri eklesiis mrevlisaTvisac) unda arsebobdes e.w.
`somxis dikasteria~. saqarTvelos mefes gansakuTrebuli damokidebuleba aqvs
axpatis somxuri saepiskoposos mimarT. es eparqia teritoriulad mdebareobda
saqarTvelos saxelmwifoSi, amitomac àxpatis monasteri ars mefisa da mamulica
imisi _ mefisa~, mis mimarT eCmiawinis kaTalikoss àra aqus araraime samarTali~.
axpatis episkoposs saqarTvelos mefe akurTxebinebs kaTalikoss eCmiawinisas. am
episkoposs mefe gamoirCevs da Semdeg mis kurTxevas Txovs kaTalikoss.27
sazogadod, somexi mRvdlis kurTxevis nebarTvac mefem unda misces, radganac
Tu `pirveli moqalaqeni da vaWarni~ miatoveben Tavis saqmes (e.i. vaWrobas) da
xucesad ekurTxebian, amiT samefos Semosavali moakldeba.28
Tu SevadarebT, daviT batoniSvili winaaRmdegia ara marto qarTveli (e.i.
marTlmadidebeli) samRvdeloebis gamravlebisa, aseve winaaRmdegia somexi (e.i.
monofiziti) samRvdeloebis gamravlebisa, radganac àmiT isini miatoveben vaWrobas,
rac saxelmwifos Semosavlis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani wyaroa~. aqedan Cans, rom
xelmwifis kars qveyanaSi somxuri mosaxleobis yofna sasargeblod miaCnia. amiT
unda iyos gamowveuli erT-erTi kanoni, romelic nebas rTavs marTlmadidebelTa,
monofizitTa da kaTolikeTa (qarTvelTa, somexTa da frangTa) SeuRlebas `Tvinier yovlisa winaaRmdegobisa~.29
mahmadianTa
meCeTebic
mefis
prokuroris
meTvalyureobis
qveS
imyofeba.
daviTi qarTuli eklesiis sakuTrebas mkveTrad mijnavs saxelmwifo sakuTrebisagan. amiTaa gamowveuli arsi me-17 muxlisa. kanoni ukrZalavs martoxelas berad
Sedgomisas Tavisi miwa-wylis eklesiisaTvis gadacemas. miiCneva, rom mamuli mefisaa,
xolo eklesiisaTvis Sewirvis Semdeg _ ukve aRar iqneba mefisa. `nu ikadrebs
yovladisa mamulisa Tvisisa eklesiisadmi Sewirvasa, romelica ese ars mefisa, raTa
ara waruwydes samefosa da sazogadoebasa~.29
saerTod, rogorc daviT batoniSvilis samarTlidan Cans, misi drois samefo
karis (XVIII s. bolo wlebSi) pirveli piri mzad iyo gaeuqmebina kaTalikospatriarqis Tanamdebobac ki (mis dikasteriaSi
ar
Cans qarTuli eklesiis
tradiciuli pirveli ierarqi), oRondac rogorme qarTuli samarTali damsgavse26
`samarTali baton iSvilis daviTisa~, 1964, 167;
27
iqve , gv. 17 0;
28
iqv e, 171;
29
iqv e, gv. 171.
14
boda rusuls. xolo es ukanaskneli, e.i. rusuli samarTali, Cans, ruseTis imperiis
warmatebis erT-erT safuZvlad miiCneoda. faqtobrivad ki, daviTma instruqcia
`moumzada~ ruseTis xelisuflebasa da sinods qarTuli eklesiis tradiciuli
iersaxis Sesacvlelad.
Zvel saqarTveloSi, rogorc sjuldebidan Cans, iyo `samxedros jaris mRvdelTa
ufrosis~ Tanamdeboba, e.i. samxedro mRvdlebic. maT imdenad didi mniSvneloba
eniWebodaT, rom `jaris mRvdelTa ufrosi~ dikasteriis sxdomebs eswreboda da
eqvemdebareboda `sulier mTavars~, anu mefis warmomadgenels dikasteriaSi.
aleqsandre amilaxvarma (1750-1802) Tavis TxzulebaSi `brZeni aRmosavleTisa,
anu saxelmwifo mmarTvelobis mowyobis misi gansazRvra~ meoTxe Tavi miuZRvna
`saeklesio wesebs~. misi TvalsazrisiT, `saeklesio wesebi~ dasabamiTve keTili
ganzraxviT iqna SemoRebuli, raTa adamianTa boroteba SeezRuda da daemSvidebina~.30 am Tavs aleqsandre amilaxvari amTavrebs mosazrebiT, rom mRvdelmTavrebi
àm qveynis meurveebad arian dadginebulni~, amitomac maT Sesabamisi pativi unda
mivagoT, amasTanave, unda gavarCioT isini (samRvdeloeba) am qveynis Cveulebrivi
xalxisagan (`sofluri kacebisagan~), isini ar unda ereodnen im saqmeebSi, romelnic
maT ar SeeferebaT. aleqsandre amilaxvari gamoTqvams wuxils, rom qristes
moZRvrebis da misi cxovrebis zogierTi gamgrZelebeli (e.i. zogierTi samRvdelo
piri) simSvidis nacvlad, SfoTs Tesavs, ara marto Tavis qveyanaSi, aramed mTel
qveyanaze (e.i. msoflioSi): `qriste siRaribeSi cxovrobda, misi (moZRvrebis)
gamgrZelebelT ki
mefobaze rCebaT Tvali. qriste
erTmaneTisaTvis
locvas
gvaswavlida, eseni ki erTmaneTs SeaCveneben... marTlac erTi eklesia meores
SeaCvenebs~.31 aleqsandre amilaxvari askvnis, rom miviRoT rCeva - àr SevaviwrovoT
sxva sarwmunoebis mimdevarni da neba davrToT, Tavisi rjulis Sesabamisad ilocon~,31
magram maT, e.i. sxva sarwmunoebis mqone xalxsa da eklesias unda davudoT garkveuli
zRvari, romelsac aRar gadavlen, radganac qveyanaze araferia usazRvro da arafris
keTeba ar gamodgeba uzomod~.31 aleqsandre amilaxvari specialistebis TvalsazrisiT
imJamindeli evropeli moazrovneebis mimdevaria da maTgan gadmoaqvs qarTul
sinamdvileSi zogierTi Tvalsazrisi. Tumca ki, is warmoadgens Rrmad morwmune
qristians da wers kidec, rom RmerTi, Semoqmedi yvelaze maRalia, Cven mis winaSe
yvelani Tanasworni varT, igi gvexmareba, rom Cveni amqveyniuri sicocxlis dReni
mSvidobiT ganvvloT, xolo imqveyniuri, anu saukunovani cxovrebis dros ufali
RmerTis winaSe warvdgeT àrawinaaRmdegobiT aRsavseni~.32 samwuxarod, aleqsandre
amilaxvris meore naSromidan `georgianuli istoria~ Cans, rom misi avtori
sinamdvileSi warmoadgens separatistuli Tvalsazrisis mqone adamians, romelic
ewinaaRmdegeba saqarTvelos erTianobis ideas. misi azriT, mefe Teimuraz II mxolod
kaxeTis mefea da qarTlis samefos amklebi,33 romelic qarTlis samefo taxts
ùkanonod, mimZlavrebiT daepatrona~. qarTlis taxtis memkvidreebi SeiZleba ufro
amilaxvarTa sagvareulo iyos, vidre kaxeTis bagrationebi.34
saqarTvelos
saeklesio
samarTlis pirvel
mkvlevarad iTvleba
nikoloz
Tadeozis Ze xizanaSvili, niko urbneli (20.09.1851, sof. maRladovleTi, goris
mazra - 28.12.1906, Tbilisi), qarTveli mecnieri, iuristi, istorikosi, eTnografi,
publicisti, literaturis kritikosi. 1870 wels daamTavra Tbilisis sasuliero
seminaria, 1876 wels novorosiis universitetis (odesa) iuridiuli fakulteti,
muSaobda
gamomZieblad.
xizanaSvilis
samecniero
moRvaweobis mTavari
dargi
qarTuli samarTlis istoria iyo. am dargis specialobiTi kvleva-Zieba pirvelad
a. amilax vari, `brZeni aRmos avleTis a, anu saxelmwifo mmarTvelo bis mo wyobis misi gansazRv ra~,
Tbil isi, 199 7, gv. 16; 31 iqv e, gv. 17; 32 iqv e, gv. 27; 33 iqv e, gv. 4 2; 34 iqv e, gv. 68.
30
15
xizanaSvilma daiwyo. Zveli qarTuli samarTlis umniSvnelovanesi sakiTxebisadmi

miZRvnil monografiebs Soris gansakuTrebiT aRsaniSnavia misi ori naSromi: àTabagi
beqa da aRbuRa da maTi samarTali~ da `Zeglisdeba mefe giorgi brwyinvalesi~.
xizanaSvilma safuZvlianad Seiswavla qarTuli samarTali da ostaturad gamoiyena
igi sakanonmdeblo ZeglebiT gaTvaliswinebuli institutebis gamosakvlevad. xizanaSvilis iuridiul naSromebs fuZemdebluri mniSvneloba aqvs qarTuli samarTlis
istoriis mecnierebisaTvis. xizanaSvils ekuTvnis mravalmxriv saintereso publicisturi werilebi, misi naSromebidan saeklesio samarTali Sesulia TxzulebebSi: 1.
eTnografiuli nawerebi, Tb., 1940 (masalebi saqarTvelos eTnografiisaTvis); 2.
rCeuli iuridiuli nawerebi (i. doliZis gamocema, Tb., 1982).
n. urbnelma Seiswavla ruis-urbnisis
saukeTeso Zeglad,35 agreTve, 1543-49 ww.
kreba da miiCnia qarTuli samarTlis

krebis, e.w. `kaTalikozTa samarTali~.36
qarTuli samarTlisa da, kerZod, saeklesio samarTlis udidesi mkvlevaria didi

iv. javaxiSvili. iv. javaxiSvilma gamoaqveyna Sesabamisi Sromebi: 1. `socialuri
brZolisa
da
demokratiuli
reformebis Sesaxeb
IX-XI saukuneebis
qarTul
eklesiaSi~, 1904 w. rusul enaze;37 2. `saxelmwifo wyobileba Zvel saqarTvelosa
da Zvel somxeTSi~, 1905; 3. `saqarTvelos mefe da misi uflebis istoria~;38 4.
`zneobrivi moZRvrebis istoria~ 39 (exeba samonastro cxovrebas); 5. `qarTuli
samarTlis istoria~ (wigni I, 1919, quTaisi); 6. `qarTuli samarTlis istoria~
(wigni I da wigni II, 1928).
iv. javaxiSvilis `qarTuli samarTlis istoriis~ pirvel wignSi Sesabamisi
siRrmiT aris ganxiluli `saqarTvelos adgilobrivi krebebis Zeglebi~. adgilobriv
krebebs iv. javaxiSvili or jgufad yofs. pirvel wignSi Sedis krebebi, romelnic
gankuTvnili ar yofila kanonmdeblobiTi moRvaweobisaTvis, aramed moiwvies
saeklesio kanoniT dawesebuli normis Sesabamisad, meoreSi ki aTavsebs kanonmdebel
krebebs, romelnic pirvelxarisxovani sakiTxebis gansaxilvelad iqna mowveuli.40
iv. javaxiSvili darwmunebulia, rom saqarTvelos eklesiis organizaciulad
CamoyalibebisTanave, anu `TviTmwysobis pirvelad SemoRebis~ Semdegve, Catarda
mravali adilobrivi kreba, magram Sesabamisi dadgenilebani Cvenamde ar aris
moRweuli, rogorc, magaliTad, javaxeTis IX s-is Sua wlebSi Sekrebili krebis
Sesaxeb giorgi merCules mier Semonaxuli cnoba, `Rrtilas krebis~ Sesaxeb bagrat
mefis sigelSi da sxv. ivane javaxiSvili daaskvnis - `ramdeni namdvili saeklesio
kreba yofila saqarTveloSi, rom maTi kvali am Jamad an gamqrala, an jer
aRmoCenili ar aris~.41 ivane javaxiSvili gamowvlilviT mimoixilavs saqarTvelos
4 saeklesio krebas, romelTa Sesaxebac meti cnobebi iqna Semonaxuli. esenia - 1.
ruis-urbnisis kreba; 2. `1263 w. axlo drois saqarTvelos saeklesio krebis
moxseneba da dadgenileba~; 3. `samarTali kaTalikozTa da krebisa mier~; 4. `176768 w. ganCineba~.
ivane javaxiSvils miaCnia, rom ruis-urbnisis kreba Sedga 1103 wels. igi
`Semokrba brZanebiTa mefisa~, Tumca kreba `RvTiv-Sekrebilad~ aris gamocxadebuli.
krebis mowvevis Taosnoba daviT aRmaSenebels ekuTvnis, rasac arsen monazoni
krebis saxeliT daweril `samadlobel qeba-didebaSi~ aRniSnavs. kreba winaswar
ganzraxuli mizniTa da gegmis gansaxorcieleblad yofila mowveuli da igi
n. urbneli (xizanaSvili), rCeuli iur idiuli Canawer ebi, 19 82, gaz. ìve ria~, 1888, # 38, 47, 75,
270 , 271; 36 `mo ambe~, 1898, #3, 4 ; 37 :eh& vby& yfh& ghjc&^ 1904^ +2^ gan y. 2, gv . 358-37 2; 38 `cn obis
furc eli~, 1905, #28-66; 39 gaz . ìve ria~, 1906, #10-13; 40 iv. javaxiSvili, Txzule bani To rmet
tomad, tomi VI, 1982, gv. 52; 41 iqv e, gv. 53.
35
16
17
sagangebo yriloba iyo.42 krebis mizani `saeklesio weswyobilebis, samRvdelmsaxuro

wesebis da mrevlis zne-CveulebaTa da Secodebulebis ganmarTva da mowesrigeba
yofila~.42 kreba ruis-urbnisis maxloblad, jerovan adgilas, mravali dRis
manZilze grZeldeboda, episkoposTa, mRvdelTa, diakonTa, monazonTa, dayudebulTa
da meudabnoeTa monawileobiT. mefes mouwvevia èri mravalni~, `mecnierni~.
sarwmunoebrivi sakiTxi krebas ar miuCnevia ganxilvis sagnad, radganac saqarTveloSi daculi sarwmunoeba ubiwo iyo àra Tu ubiwoebasa qarTvelTa sarwmunoebasa
biwi raime Sehxeboda~. krebas ioane kaTalikosi Tavmjdomareobda, romlis tituli
iyo `yovlad
Rirsi
mTavarepiskoposi
da
yovlisa saqarTveloYsa
didi
mamamTavari~. mamamTavari igivea, rac patriarqi. `Tvali wmidisa amis krebisa~
yofila giorgi monazoni da mwignobarTuxucesi. krebis mdivani, ivane javaxiSvilis sityviT, yofila arsen monazoni.43 misive azriT, ruis-urbnisis krebis
Zegliswera oTxi mTavari nawilisagan Sedgeba (I nawili - Sesavali, II dadgenileba krebisa, III - daviT aRmaSeneblisadmi miZRvnili saqebeli, misi saTauria
`mefe daviTs monazoni arseni~, IV nawili - mravalJamieri cocxali moRvaweebisa
da micvalebulTaTvis saukuno xseneba.44 I nawilSi saqarTvelos pirvelgzisi da
meoregzisi gaqristianebisa da qarTuli eklesiis dafuZnebis Sesaxebaa saubari
efrem
mciris
mier
Seqmnili
koncefciis mixedviT.
mas
mosdevs
saeklesio
kanonmdeblobisa da samarTlis Zeglebis aRnusxva, bunebiTi da dawerili samarTlis
ganviTarebis mimoxilva.
ruis-urbnisis krebis kanonebi T. Jordanias dauyvia 15 muxlad,
ki mas 17 muxlad yofs.
iv. javaxiSvili
II saeklesio kreba, romelsac iv. javaxiSvili ganixilavs, Semdgara 1263 wlis

axlo dros. g. gozaliSvilma aRmoaCina krebis mefisadmi mimarTvis ara dedani,
aramed samuSao piri, savaraudod, XIII s-sa. iv. javaxiSvilis azriT, saeklesio
miwebis gacema, romlis winaaRmdegac iyo mimarTuli kreba, laSa-giorgis Zis mefe
daviTis sibaze siarulis Semdgom daiwyo, e.i. 1263 wels, am saqmeSi basili
Wyondidel-ujarmels miuRia monawileoba. igi gandidebula, mbrZaneblad qceula
mefis sibaze siarulisas.45
III kreba saqarTvelos eklesiisa, romelsac ganixilavs iv. javaxiSvili, Semdgara
1543-49 wlisaTvis. es Zegli Seuswavlia n. urbnels monografiiT `Cveni saeklesio
istoriidan. samarTali kaTalikozisa~.46 iv. javaxiSvili aRniSnavs, rom `kaTalikozTa samarTlis~ wigni vaxtang VI-is krebulSi 23 paragrafs Seicavs da
daTariReba krebisa daudgenlad miaCnia. vaxuSti batoniSvili krebis mowvevas
aTariRebs XVII s-is dasawyisiT, m. brose XVI s-is 70-iani wlebiT, s. kakabaZe 154462 wlebiT. k. kekeliZe 1543-49 wlebiT, rasac ufro eTanxmeba iv. javaxiSvili.
misi azriT, Tavdapirvelad krebis kanonebi mTavrdeboda 22-e muxliT, Semdeg mas
daurTes 23-e muxli, anda teqstis mermindel gadamwers SecdomiT gamotovebuli
muxli bolos miuweria. Zeglis kanonebi dalagebulia Sinaarsis mixedviT, misi
teqsti pirvandeli saxiT Semonaxuli ar aris. Semdegdroindeli danarTi unda
iyos krebis monawileTa xelrTvis Semdeg moTavsebuli muxli, romelic Seexeba
`colis ubralod damagdebs~, romelsac aqvs xalxuri zne-Cveulebisa da uflebrivi
azrovnebis gavlena.47 `kaTalikozTa samarTlis~ Zeglis Semdgenlebi cdilan Zeglis
Sinaarsi sistemurad daelagebinaT. saqarTvelos kaTalikos-patriarqi am krebaSi
monawileobda viTarca qarTuli eklesiis uzenaesi saWeTmpyrobeli, magram kreba
iv. javaxiSvili, Txzulebani Tormet tomad, t. VI, 1982 gv. 54; 43 iqve, gv. 55; 44 iqve, gv. 56; 45 iqve,
gv. 60; 46 moambe, 1898, #3, 4; 47 iv. javaxiSvili, Txzulebani Tormet tomad, tomi VI, 1982, gv. 65.
42
18
dasavleT saqarTveloSi gaimarTa. Zegli 1913 wels gamosca s. kakabaZem. `kaTalikozTa samarTlis wigni XVI s. dasavleT saqarTvelos uflebrivi da socialuri
mdgomareobis Sesaswavlad mniSvnelovani Zeglia~.48
IV
kreba saqarTvelos
eklesiisa, romelsac
ganixilavs iv.
javaxiSvili,
warmoadgens 1767-68 wlebis krebis ganCinebas, romelic 1768 wels daumtkicebiaT
erekle mefesa da anton kaTalikozs. es ganCineba yovel episkoposs unda waekiTxa
Tavisi samwysos saydrebSi, Sedgeba 13 muxlisagan, gamosca T. Jordaniam. kreba
saeklesio sakiTxebis garda, zogierTi arajansaRi xalxuri wesis da sisxlis
samarTlis danaSaulis aRmosafxvreladaa gamiznuli.
qarTul saeklesio samarTls mravalsaukunovani istoria aqvs, Tumca mis
Seswavlas mxolod XX s-is dasawyisSi Cauyara safuZveli ivane javaxiSvilma. man
gamoikvlia, rom qarTul eklesias ZvelTaganve hqonda Tavisi sasamarTlo, Tavisi
ekonomikuri politika, hyavda sakuTari jari, Tavisi ymebi, amasTanave, rac CvenTvis
sainteresoa, `moepoveboda saxelmwifo marTva-gamgeobis wesebze mowyobili moxeleoba,
da amitom bevris mxriT saxelmwifoebrivi sxeulis Tvisebebi etyoboda... am
mxriv
qarTuli saeklesio samarTali romis kaTolikeTa eklesiis `Corpus iuris canonici~-s
ufro miagavs, vidre berZenTa da rusTa saeklesio samarTals. aseve, msgavsad amisa,
qarTuli eklesia Tavis wes-wyobilebis bevri TvisebiT ufro romis saSualo
saukuneebis eklesias miagavda, vidre erTmorwmune berZenTa da rusTa eklesiebs~.49
ivane javaxiSvili garkveviT wers, rom sarwmunoebrivi aRmsareblobiT qarTuli
eklesia mudamJams marTlmadidebluri iyo da èrTmorwmune~, anu Tanamorwmune
berZnuli da rusuli eklesiebisa, amitomac mis saeklesio samarTals safuZvlad
edo msoflio eklesiis Sesabamisi samarTali, dadgenilni msoflio krebebisa da
sxva samarTlebrivi institutebis mier, magram igi (saqarTvelos eklesia), viTarca
`saxelmwifo cxovrebasa da wes-wyobilebaSi gansakuTrebuli upiratesobis mqone~
erTeuli ara mxolod saeklesio dawesebuleba iyo, aramed TavisTavadi saxelmwifoebrivi sxeulic. amitom, misi samarTali ufro rTuli Sesaswavlia, vidre
erTmorwmune rusuli da berZnuli eklesiebisa. ivane javaxiSvilis Tanaxmad,
qarTuli eklesiis aRniSnul ufleba-upiratesobaTa Sesaxeb cnobebis miReba mxolod
sigel-gujrebidan SeiZleba. am sabuTebSi mravali cnoba exeba saqarTvelos eklesiis
kaTalikos-patriarqebis mier centraluri sasamarTlos organizacias.50 Sesabamisad,
rogorc aRiniSna, ivane javaxiSvilis kvlevis Tanaxmad, saqarTvelos eklesias
Tavisi marTva-gamgeoba mowyobili hqonda `saxelmwifo marTva-gamgeobis wesebze~.51
qarTuli samarTlis wyaroebis mimoxilvisas, iv. javaxiSvili Tavdapirvelad
ixilavs msoflio krebebis kanonmdeblobas, miaCnia, rom saqarTveloSi moqmedi
kanonmdebloba iyo msoflio eklesiis krebebis kanonmdeblobani da berZnuli
sjuliskanoni, `didi sjuliskanoni~ upirvelesad, romelic ukve IX-X ss-Si
qarTuladac unda yofiliyo naTargmni, arsen iyalToelma igi xelaxla Targmna.52
ruis-urbnisis krebas arsen iyalToelis naTargmni sjuliskanonisagan srulebiT
gansxvavebuli redaqcia hqonia.53 iv. javaxiSvils gamokvleuli aqvs, rom ruisurbnisis krebis dadgenilebiT qarTuli eklesiis mier cnobili iyo `didisa
klimentosis mier~ dawerili mociqulTa `kanonni saeklesioni~, 7 msoflio kreba
(nikeisa, konstantinopolisa, efesoisa, qalkidonisa, 2 konstantinopolisa, samefosa
palatisa gumbadsa Sina momxdari e.w. trulisa, 2 nikeisa), 6 adgilobiTi kreba
48
51
iv. javaxiSvili, Txzulebani Tormet tomad, tomi VI, 1982, gv. 67;
iqve, gv. 38; 52 iqve, gv. 38-41; 53 iqve, gv. 43.
49
iqve, gv. 36;
50
iqv e, gv. 67;
19
(ankviriisa,
Rangrisa,
antioqiisa,
laodikiisa, frigiisa,
karTagenisa), 8 ganTqmul mamaTa
mier ganCinebulni
da TanaaRricxulni
kanonni
da
kanoniani
epistoleebi petre aleqsandrielisa, grigol neokesarielisa, basili didisa,
diodoresa, grigol xucisa, xorepiskoposTa, queSeTTa episkoposTa da amfiloqesa
mimarT, grigol noselisa, timoTe aleqsandrielisa, filoTeos aleqsandrielisa
RvTis gamocxadebisaTvis, avginosi, agaTonisa minais episkoposTa mimarT, kvirile
aleqsandrielisa da gennadi konstantinopolelisa~.54 arseni iyalToels `didi
sjuliskanoni~ xelaxla uTargmnia swored im mizeziT, rom ruis-urbnisis krebas
sxva redaqcia hqonia xelT.55 ivane javaxiSvili Semdgom paragrafSi ixilavs eqvTime
mTawmindelis naSromebsa da saredaqcio muSaobas am sferoSi. adgilobrivi krebebis
ganxilvis Semdeg, exeba saqarTvelos eklesiis upiratesobaTa simtkicis wignebs.
ixilavs saqarTvelos eklesiis uzenaesi saWeTmpyroblis gansakuTrebul uflebebs
sakuTari jaris yolisa, laSqar-nadirobaSi gancalkevebuli samxedro erTeulis
saxiT monawileobis uflebas da miaCnia, rom es ufleba eklesias miuRia daviT
aRmaSeneblisa da Tamaris Semdeg.56
monastris wes-gangebaTa ganxilvis Semdeg, ivane javaxiSvili ganixilavs saero
kanonmdeblobis Zeglebs, romlebSic mravali sakiTxi exeba saeklesio samarTals: a)
garigeba xelmwifis karisa; b) wesi da gangeba mefeTa kurTxevisa; g) `dasturlamali~. `bagrat kurapalatis samarTlis wignis nawyvetis~ ganxilvis dros mecnieri
miiCnevs, rom bagrat kurapalatis samarTlis wignidan aris Setanili aRbuRas
kanonebSi zogierTi muxli, magaliTad, `meore mefe episkoposi aris da qristianeTa
sjulisa damamtkicebeli~,57 aRniSnavs, rom, rogorc beqas kanonebSi, ise sakuTriv
aRbuRas kanonebSi arsad mefe moxseniebuli ar aris, yovelTvis patron aTabagzea
saubari.57 iv. javaxiSvili aRniSnavs, rom zogierTi muxlis Sinaarsi beqa-aRbuRas
droindel sazogadoebriv viTarebas ar Seesabameba, aq episkoposi da, sazogadod,
samRvdeloeba srul batonad aris gamoyvanili, maT winaaRmdeg mefe uZluria,
araferi ar SeuZlian... amitom es samive muxli (101, 102, 103-e kanoni) iseT xanas
unda ekuTvnodes, roca samRvdeloeba saqarTveloSi, sruli batoni iyo da saero
mTavrobaze maRla eWira Tavi, ese igi daviT aRmaSeneblis uwinaresi xanisa unda
iyos. swored am dros iyvnen monazonebi batonad da mTavris mowvevis baraTze
pasuxad SeeZloT SeeTvalaT, bers SenTan àra hnebavs mosvlao~... am dros beriarqimandriti iyo imdenad Zlieri, rom Tavisuflad mefes satrfos arTmevda,
monasterSi hketavda. aseT xanas daadgendnen: `rac unda Sescodos episkoposma,
moZRvarma, mRvdelma, Tu monazonma mefeso, mainc xeli ar axloTo, imitom rom,
meore mefe episkoposi aris... arca mefesa sjulisa saqme aqvso~.58 iv. javaxiSvili
daaskvnis aRbuRas kanonebis 101, 102, 103-e muxlebis mimarT _ èrTi sityviT,
TviT am kanonebis Sinaarsi gviCvenebs, rom isini TiTqos ufro IX s-is
sazogadoebrivi ganwyobilebis gamomxatvelia... kanonTa es muxlebi TiTqos ufro
bagrat I kurapalatis droindelad gamodis~.59
ivane javaxiSvili ganixilavs sakanonmdeblo krebis muSaobas, romelmac gamosca
`Zeglis dadeba~ giorgi brwyinvalisa: `sakanonmdeblo krebas es Zegli ramdenime
mTavar nawilad dauyvia~.60 da am sakanonmdeblo krebas Zeglis dadebis Sedgenis dros
saqarTveloSi arsebuli kanonmdeblobiT unda exelmZRvanela. `sakanonmdeblo krebis
wevrT xelT marto qarTuli samarTlis Sesaxebi cnoba ki ar moepoveboda, aramed imis
iv. javaxiSvili, Txzulebani Tormet tomad, tomi VI, 1982, gv. 45; 55 iqve, gv. 46; 56 iqve, gv. 68;
iqve, gv. 88; 58 iv. javaxiSvili, qarTuli samarTlis istoria, wigni I, Txzulebani 12 tomad, tomi VI,
1982, gv. 89; 59 iqve, gv. 90; 60 iqve, gv. 99.
54
57
20
gamokvlevac SeeZlo, Tu ama Tu im sakiTxze ucxo qveynis samarTlis wignebSi ra

ewera, amitom safiqrebelia, rom mezobel erTa samarTlis Zeglebis dednad Tu
naTargmni am drosac saqarTveloSi unda hqonodaT da angariSi gauweviaT~.61
beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis wignis ganxilvis dros ivane javaxiSvili miiCnevs, rom
aRbuRas
Tavis samarTlis
wigni sakanonmdeblo
krebaze Seudgenia.
aTabagamirspasalar aRbuRas am krebaze mouwvevia mawyvereli, Tavisi `biZa-Ze SaSia da
misi Zma safaris moZRvari pafnote, `xuTisave Temisa samcxisa~ taoelTa, klarjTa,
SavSvTa da ueWvelia javaxTa da mesxTa èpiskoposni, meudabnoeni~, warCinebulnic
da ufrosi moxelenic, sakanonmdeblo kreba `WolevTa~-s Seyrila... saWirod ucvnia
beqas kanonebisaTvis daematebina axlad gaCenil danaSaulebaTa dasasjelad gankuTvnili muxlebi~ kerZod, beqas 65 kanons daerTo 32 muxli.
iv. javaxiSvili Sesabamis paragrafSi ganixilavs vaxtang VI-is samarTlis wignTa
krebulSi beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis boloSi darTul e.w. `kanonikur samarTals~ da
miiCnevs, rom isini SecdomiT aris darTuli.62 rogorc cnobilia, kanonikuri
samarTlis muxlebs boloSi miwerili aqvs wyevlaTa formula damnaSavis mimarT
- `krul da wyeul, SeCvenebul iyvn~, amasTanave, zogierTi misi muxli emsgavseba,
zogjer ki mTlianad imeorebs beqasa Tu aRbuRas samarTlis muxlebs. amis gamo
isini miCneul iqna dauTariRebel kanonebad, romelTa `sadaurobis gamokvleva da
daTariReba Cveni mecnierebis morig sakiTxad unda iqnas miCneuli~.63 amasTanave,
rogorc iv. javaxiSvili aRniSnavs, misi kanonebi `wyevlakrulviTa da nawilobriv
sasjelTa simkacriT mxolod kaTalikozTa samarTlis wigns uaxlovdeba~.63 Cven
amave naSromSi gamovTqviT mosazreba, rom aRbuRam Wulevis monasterSi moiwvia
saeklesio kreba - saxelmwifo darbazi, romelsac gansaxilvelad da dasamtkiceblad gadasca iqamde mis mierve Sedgenili e.w. àRbuRas samarTali~, agreTve amave
krebas dasamtkiceblad, Zveli simtkicis gansaaxleblad gadasca misi uSualo
winapris, `beqas samarTali~ da uZvelesi `bagrat kurapalatis samarTali~. samive es
wigni krebam daamtkica da zed daurTo e.w. `kanonikuri samarTali~ Tavisi
wyevlaTa formuliT. saeklesio krebas, rogorc sxva krebaTa masalebSic Cans, aseTi
ufleba hqonda. maSasadame, e.w. `kanonikuri samarTali~ warmoadgens Wulevis
saeklesio sakanonmdeblo krebis mier gamocemul kanonebs, romelic Tan daerTo
krebis mierve damtkicebul beqas, aRbuRas da bagrat kurapalatis kanonebs. maTi
da kanonikuri samarTlis erTiani numeraciac miuTiTebs, rom aseTi mosazreba hqonda
vaxtang VI-is komisiasac, romelmac gamosca vaxtangis samarTlis wignTa krebuli.
vaxtang VI-is samarTlis wignTa krebulis ganxilvis dros ivane javaxiSvili
mimoixilavs XVIII s-s: `swored gasaocari xana iyo es xana, aseTi dauRalavi,
medgari muSaoba, romelsac erTi sazogado mimarTuleba hqonda da farTo da
Rrma niadagi epyra, uflebas gvaZlevs qarTuli mwerlobis am xanas enciklopediuri xana davarqvaT saxelad. TiTqmis yvela amdroindel moRvawes azri da
goneba im fiqrisken iyo mimarTuli, rom qarTveli xalxis SemoqmedebiTi niWis
mravali saukunis namuSevari da naWirnaxulevi SeekribaT, SeeswavlaT da CamomavlobisaTvis, damTavrebuli, yovelmxrivi warmodgena da cnoba gardaecaT. am diadi
saqmis moTaved da sulis Camdgmelad giorgi XI da metadre didebuli, dauviwyari
vaxtang VI iyo. man Sekriba Cveni qveynis warsulisa da matianeebis daxelovnebuli
mcodne pirebi, maTi daxmarebiT saistorio masalebs erTad Tavi mouyara, Zveli
Seavso da Seaswora. manve Seagrova qarTuli samarTlis Zveli naSTebi, Zeglebi
da samarTlis wignebis kodiko Seadgina, manve gamgeobisa da moxeleobis Sesaxebi
61
62
iv. javaxiSvili, qarTuli samarTlis istoria, wigni I, Txzulebani 12 tomad, tomi VI, 1982, gv. 102;
iqve , gv. 10 8; 63 iqv e, gv. 111.
21
masalebi Seagrova da erTi qarTuli saxelmwifo samarTlis wigni `dasturlamali~

Seadgina~.64 vaxtang VI-m Sekriba qarTuli Zveli samarTlis wignebi, `kaTalikozisa
da mefis giorgisa da beqas ganCinebuli samarTlebi~, zed daurTo `dabadebisa
moses mier qmnilni samarTalni da kualad berZenTa da somexTa wignTagan
gardmoTargmnilni~.
am
Sromis
Semdeg
man
didebulTa samRvdeloebisa
da
moxeleebis TandaswrebiT `darbazis erTa, WkuaTa myofelTa da moxucebulTa
kacTa~ TanamSromlobiT axali samarTlis wigni Seadgina, `romelsa zeda mowmoba
darTes erTa CvenTa srulobiT saRmrToTa da gina samxedroTa, brZenman da
monaxulman yovelmanve erTbamaT~.65
am wignis `berZnulidan naTargmni kanonebis Sesaxeb TavianTi azri akad.
brosesagan moyolebuli bevr mecniers aqvs gamoTqmuli... v. sokolskis monografiaSi (Uhtrj-hbvcrjt ghfdj d ekj;tybb uhepbycrjuj wfhz Df[nfyuf VI ) 66
gamoTqmuli
azriT, vaxtangis kodikoSi Setanili `berZnuli samarTlis wigni~ blastaris
sintagmis Semoklebas warmoadgens armenopulosa da sxva wyaroebiTgan Sevsebuls.67
iv.
javaxiSvili
aRniSnavs,
`samarTlis
istoriisaTvis
Zvirfasi
cnobebi
metadre sigel-gujrebSi aris Senaxuli. swored daufasebeli ganZia es ukanaskneli wyaro imitom, rom igi moqmedi samarTlis viTarebas gvisuraTebs da
piruTvnel sabuTs warmoadgens~.68
iv. javaxiSvilis azriT, eklesias hqonda sagadasaxado Seuvaloba nawilobriv, magram
saqarTvelos eklesias hqonda sasamarTlo Seuvalobis uflebac da misi ymebi mxolod
saeklesio sasamarTlos emorCilebodnen.69
iv. javaxiSvili Tavisi samarTlis istoriis meore wignis meore nakveTis
mesame Tavs mTlianad uZRvnis eklesias. ganxiluli aqvs eklesiis msaxurTa uflebamovaleobani, ixilavs eklesiis msaxurTagan xelisuflebis miRebis wess, qristianobisa da samonastro moZraobis Tavdapirvel idealebs sakuTrebisa da Sromis
problemisaTvis, udabnoebsa da monastrebs, monastrebis pirad Semadgenlobasa da
mis ufleba-movaleobas, exeba giorgi mTawmindelis mcdelobas eklesiaSi demokratiuli wes-wyobilebis dasamyareblad, monastrebSi wes-wyobilebis monarqiuli
principis respublikuri wesiT Secvlas;70 monasterSi qonebisa da Sromis problemas,
imave problemas eriskacTa Soris.71
rogorc zemoT aRniSnulidan Cans, ivane javaxiSvili sagangebod ganixilavs
saqarTvelos sul oTx saeklesio-sakanonmdeblo krebas. korneli kekeliZe ki
ganixilavs Semdeg krebebs saqarTvelos eklesiisas: ruis-urbnisis krebas (1103 w.),
romelmac gamosca `Zegliswera~, da XVI s-is krebas, romelmac `sakaTalikozo
kanonebi~ gamosca imereTSi. agreTve, exeba 1748 wlis, 1755 wlis 16 dekembris,
1756 wlis 4 aprilis krebebs da 1762 wels mowveul krebas.
k. kekeliZe sagangebod Seexo saeklesio kanonikas Tavis wignSi `Zveli qarTuli
literaturis istoria~. k. kekeliZis azriT, X s-is bolomde qarTuli saeklesioiuridiuli mwerloba, am sityvis namdvili mniSvnelobiT, ar arsebobda,72 magram
saeklesio kanonikis cnobili mkvlevaris, vl. beneSeviCis azriT, X s-Si qarTul
enaze ukve arsebobda didi, anu 14-titlovani sjuliskanoni foti patriarqisa.73
am azrs iziarebs iv. javaxiSvili Tavis `qarTuli samarTlis istoriaSi~. 7 4
iv. javax iSvili, qarTul i samarTlis istoria, wigni I, Tx zuleban i 12 to mad, t omi VI, 1982, gv.
112; 65 iqve , gv. 113; 66 D& C jrjkmcrbq^ (Uhtrj-h bvcrjt ghfdj d ekj;tybb Uh epbycr juj Wfh z Df[nfyuf
VI)^ :ehy& V by& Yfh & Ghjc&^ 189 7^ IX^ c& 56-93 $ 67 iv. javaxiSvili, dasax. naSr., gv. 114; 68 iqve , gv.
122; 69 iqve , gv. 253; 7 0 iqv e, gv. 68; 7 1 iqv e, gv. 88; 7 2 k. kekeliZe, Zv eli qar Tuli l iterat uris
isto ria, t . I, 1980, g v. 559 ; 7 3 Dk& <tytitdbx$ Uh epbycr bq Dtkbrbq Yj vjrfyjy gj cgbcrfv N ,bkbccrjuj
wthr jdyjuj veptz ( {hbcnbfy& Dtcnybr)^ n& II^ cnh & 350-35 1$ 7 4 iv. javaxiSvili, dasax. naSr., gv. 19 -30.
64
22
k. kekeliZe gamowvlilviT ixilavs aRniSnul mecnierTa argumentebsa da uaryofs

maT. misi azriT, didi sjuliskanoni qarTulad iTargmna ruis-urbnisis krebis
Semdeg,75 arsen iyalToelis mier, romelic Semdeg SeuvsiaT sxvadasxva statiiT.
k. kekeliZis azriT, saerTod, kanonikuri krebulebis TargmnisaTvis pirvelad
CvenSi xeli moukidia eqvTime aTonels. praqtikulad, yoveldRiuri saWiroebisaTvis,
redaqciis cotaodeni cvlilebiT, qarTul sinamdvilesTan SefardebiT.
k. kekeliZe ikvlevs, rom bizantiaSi eklesiis yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi saxelmZRvanelod adgendnen sxvadasxva patara krebuls, praqtikuli moTxovnilebebisaTvis,
zogierTi aseTi krebuli qarTuladac uTargmniaT.
k.
kekeliZe ikvlevs,
rom saqarTvelos
eklesia Tavis
marTva-gamgeobaSi
xelmZRvanelobda agreTve saeklesio, adgilobrivi kanonmdeblobiT, romlis organod da wyarod iTvleboda: a) kerZo pirTa ganmartebani; b) kaTalikos-patriarqTa
epistoleni; g) samoqalaqo xasiaTis iuridiuli kodeqsebi; d) qarTul adgilobriv
krebaTa
dadgenilebani.
kerZo
pirTa
ganmartebebTan dakavSirebiT,
romelic
gamoiyeneboda saqarTvelos eklesiis adgilobrivi kanonmdeblobis wyarod, k.
kekeliZe wers, rom rodesac wamoiWreboda romelime gadauWreli sakiTxi an
problema, qarTuli eklesia mimarTavda saberZneTis praqtikas, risTvisac sazRvargareTis qarTuli monastris warmomadgenlebs sTxovdnen
Sesabamis ganmartebas.
magaliTad, giorgi Wyondidels miumarTavs eqvTime aTonelisaTvis, romelsac
Sesabamisi pasuxi da ganmartebani Seudgenia.76
meore wyaros, k. kekeliZis azriT, saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonmdeblobisa
warmoadgenda `kanonikuri epistoleebi~. Cvenamde SemorCenilia mxolod erTi,
kaTalikos anton I-sa, romelic gamoucia 1767 wels. es epistole Seicavs 15
muxls. k. kekeliZis azriT, `kanonikuri epistoles~
xasiaTi aqvs im `sasjulo
mcnebas~, romelic XV s-Si miucia antioqiel-ierusalimel patriarqs mixails
ioakime bedielisaTvis afxazeTis kaTalikosad dadginebis gamo.77
samoqalaqo xasiaTis iuridiuli dokumentebidan, romelnic warmoadgendnen
wyaros saqarTvelos eklesiis adgilobriv kanonmdeblobisa, k. kekeliZe miakuTvnebs
giorgi brwyinvales Zeglisdebas da beqa-aRbuRas samarTals, Tumca mxolod
nawilobrivad, radganac isini mainc samoqalaqo kanonmdeblobis kodeqsebs warmoadgens da saeklesio samarTlis istoriisaTvis mniSvnelovania imdenad,
ramdenadac
maTSi alag-alag laparakia eklesiisa da mis msaxurTa Sesaxebac. amave wres
miakuTvnebs k. kekeliZe `xelmwifis karis garigebas~. maTSi saeklesio instituti
sakmaod reliefuradaa warmodgenili, magaliTad, Wyondideli da moZRvarTmoZRvari:
`saeklesio da sasuliero saqmeebis gamge, am ZegliT aris Wyondideli, gelaTis
monastris garda yvela saydari, eklesia da monasteri, xucesi, monazoni da
saeklesio dasni misi saxeloYsani iyvnen. vezirTa Soris mas pirveli adgili
ukavia. aq moxsenebuli arian mcxeTisa da afxazeTis kaTalikosi da episkoposebi:
quTaTeli, bedieli, iSxneli, mawyvereli, anCeli da golgoTeli, da ara Tu
ubralod arian moxsenebulni, maTi ierarqiuli upiratesobac aris aRniSnuli. maT
Soris yvelaze meti pativi iSxnelsa da quTaTels aqvs. am muxlSi es Zegli
SesamCnevad gansxvavdeba im dokumentebisagan, romelsac ewodeba `wesi da gangeba
kurTxevisaTvis mefisa Tu viTar dasxden mRvdelmTavarni sruliad saqarTvelosni~
an àRsavalTaTvis samRvdelmoZRvaroTa saydarTa~, romelic `karis garigebis~
Semdeg unda iyos Sedgenili. sakmaod vrcladaa `karis garigebaSi~ laparaki
75
k. kekeliZe, dasax. n aSr., gv. 564;
76
iqve , gv. 567;
77
T. Jordania, qro nikebi, II, gv . 294-297.
23
`moZRvarTmoZRvris~ Sesaxeb. is yovelTvis pirvelad ixsenieba oTx didxarisxovan

berTa an monazonTa Soris, romlebic arian: moZRvarTmoZRvari, Wyondideli da
kaTalikosni qarTlisa da afxazeTisa. mas meti pativi aqvs, Tumca is ubralo
episkoposia, vidre kaTalikosebs. pativi misi zogjer Wyondidelis pativsac
aWarbebs. mefe darbazSi mas gansakuTrebuli yuradRebiT epyroba~.78
ruis-urbnisis krebis dadgenileba, romelsac ewodeba `Zegliswera wmidisa da
RvTivSekrebulisa krebisa~, k. kekeliZis TvalsazrisiT, Seicavs sam nawils: 1.
prologs an Sesavals, romelSic gaTvaliswinebulia eklesiis daarseba sazogadod
da saqarTveloSic, kerZod, msoflio da adgilobriv krebaTa sakanonmdeblo
moqmedeba da maT msgavsad am ruis-urbnisis krebis mowveva; 2. ruis-urbnisis
krebis kanonmdeblobas da 3. sinodikons, romelSic redaqtori eubneba cocxlebs
(mefe-dedoflebs, kaTalikos-mRvdelmTavrebs da cnobil sasuliero moRvaweebs)
`mravalJamiers~, xolo micvalebulebs - `saukuno xsenebas~.
`Zegliswera~ k. kekeliZes TvalsazrisiT, Sedgenilia arsen beris mier. krebas
`dausxams~
da
daudgenia 15
kanoni:
1.
uRirs
mRvdelmTavarTa
gankveTis
aucilebloba; 2. asaki xeldasxmaTa da dro maTi xeldasxmisa; 3. giorgi
mTawmidelis `kurTxevanis~ sanqcia; 4. e.w. simonia, an xeldasxmisaTvis qrTamis
micema; 5. samRvdeloTa WurWelTa da eklesiisadmi SewirulTa siwmideTa, Tvinier
maTi daniSnulebisa moxmarebis dauSvebloba; 6. gvirgvinis kurTxeva; 7. asaki
dasaqorwinebelTa; 8. ierarqiul pirTa jerovani momzadeba; 9. monastrebis
moZRvrebisaTvis, maTi ricxvi da xarisxi; 10. monastrebSi vaWrobis uadgiloba; 11.
sad, rogor da rodis unda sruldebodes micvalebulTa da cocxalTa mosaxsenebeli Jamiswirva da locva; 12. marTlmadideblebad momavalni somexni unda
naTelRebul iqnen, viTarca warmarTni; 13. marTlmadidebelTa da warmarTTa
SeuRleba akrZalulia; 14. kidiskide ara erTgan kurTxeva gvirgvinisa dauSvebelia;
15. sodomis codvis Sesaxeb.
`Zegliswera~ metad sayuradRebo naSTia qarTuli iuridiuli mwerlobisa, masSi
aRibeWda sazogado saeklesio-iuridiuli normebi (uTiTebs n. urbnels 79).
k. kekeliZe ganixilavs `sakaTalikoso kanonebs~, anu `samarTals kaTalikosisa~
da miiCnevs, rom igi aris 1543-49 wlebSi qarTlis kaTalikos malaqias
da
afxazeTis kaTalikosis evdemon I CxetiZis dros imereTis saeklesio krebis mier
gamocemuli kanonebi,
romelnic damyarebuli yofila
`sjuliskanonze~. k.
kekeliZis TqmiT, esaa `didi sjuliskanoni~. am Zeglidan Cans, rom saeklesio
samarTlis iurisdiqcias CvenSi am dros eqvemdebareboda sisxlis samarTlis
danaSaulebani zogierT SemTxvevaSi (uTiTebs n. urbnels80).
k. kekeliZis TvalsazrisiT, `sigel-gujrebs didi mniSvneloba aqvs eklesiisa da
saxelmwifos urTierTSoris damokidebulebis gaSuqebisaTvis, saeklesio samarTlis,
mflobelobisa da baton-patronobis gasaTvaliswineblad. isini xSirad Seicaven
mTel kanonmdeblobiT kodeqss eklesiis saqmeTa gamo. magaliTad, biWvinTis gujari.
maTi dawvrilebiTi, mecnieruli Seswavla Cven warmogvidgens saeklesio-samoqalaqo
kanonmdeblobis mTlian suraTs~.81
k. kekeliZe, Tavis cnobil naSromSi `kanonikuri wyobileba Zvel saqarTveloSi~82
gamoTqvams mniSvnelovan mosazrebebs, romelic Camoyalibebulia daskvnebis saxiT:
k. kekeliZe, dasax. n aSr., gv. 564; 7 9 n. urbnel i, sae klesio sjulmdebloba, Zegliswera, ìver ia~,
1888, #38, 46, 75, 270, 27 1; 80 iqv e, #38, 46, 75, 27 0, 271; 81 k. kekeliZ e, dasax. naSr ., gv. 572;
82
k. kekeliZ e, etiudebi Z veli qarTuli literat uris is toriidan, t. IV, 1957 w. g v. 336-357.
78
24
1. vaxtang gorgaslamde iberiis eklesia warmoadgenda

organizms, romelsac ganagebda erTi mwyemsmTavari.
erT
administraciul
2. eparqialuri mRvdelmTavris garda, Zvel iberiaSi cnobili iyo agreTve

instituti `mefis saxlis~ episkopozisa, romelsac administraciuli funqciebi ar
unda hqonoda.
3. Tavdapirvelad iberiaSi umaRlesi ierarqiuli postebi ekavaT rogorc
qarTvelebs, ise berZnebs, sirielebsa da somxebs; nacionalizacia ierarqiisa mxolod
VI s-is gasulisaTvis Cans damTavrebulad.
4. vaxtang gorgasalma iveriis eklesia 467 wels dayo 13 eparqiad; aman gamoiwvia
eklesiis saWeTmpyroblisaTvis kaTolikozis titulis SemoReba, Tumca am tituls
misi matareblis saeklesiaTaSoriso mdgomareobaSi araviTari cvlileba ar mouxdenia.
5. mefobis gauqmebis Semdeg iberiaSi kaTolikozis kandidats iZleva ori saxli
an gvari, romelTagan erTi unda iyos elinofiluri partiisa, xolo meore
sparsofiluris warmomadgeneli.
6. iberiis eklesia Tavdapirvelad mtkice kavSirSi imyofeboda somexTa eklesiasTan.
7. 609 wels iberiis eklesiam gawyvita kavSiri somxis eklesiasTan, erT-erTi
mTavari motivi amisa iyo kirion kaTolikozis mier bizantiaSi SeTvisebuli
pentarqiuli Teoria.
8. somexTagan ganSorebis Semdeg iberiis eklesia, pentarqiuli Teoriis karnaxiT,
daeqvemdebara antioqiis sapatriarqos.
9. damokidebuleba antioqiis sapatriarqoze, romelmac VII s-danve nominaluri
xasiaTi miiRo, sabolood Sewyda XI s-is naxevarSi, rodesac saqarTvelo gaerTianda
da Zlier saxelmwifod iqca.
10. dasavleT saqarTvelos, afxazeTis, sakaTalikozo faqtiurad yalibdeba X s-is II
naxevridan, rodesac moxda likvidacia aq arsebuli lazikis berZnuli mitropoliisa
da abazgiis avtokefaluri arqiepiskopiisa.
11. afxazeTisa da mcxeTis kaTolikozebi iyvnen sworuflebiani gamgeni TavianTi
samwysosa, xolo urTierTdamokidebulebaSi mcxeTis kaTolikozs, rogorc sataxto
qalaqsa da `mefeTa-mefis~ ierarqs, miniWebuli hqonda upiratesoba pativisa.83
rogorc qvemoT naSromSi Cans, Cven ar viziarebT k. kekeliZis am daskvnebis
umetes nawils.
saqarTvelos saeklesio krebebs did adgils uTmobs mRvdeli polievqtos
karbelaSvili Tavis wignSi ìerarqia saqarTvelos eklesiisa, kaTalikosni da
mRvdel-mTavarni~ (Tbilisi, 1900). polievqtos karbelaSvili saqarTvelos eklesiis
istoriis mniSvnelovani mkvlevaria, yovel SemTxvevaSi, maT Soris, romelTac
saqarTvelos eklesiis istoria sagangebod ukvleviaT. samwuxarod, ratomRac misi
saxeli miiCqmala. zemoaRniSnuli wigni warmoadgenda k. kekeliZis samagido wigns,
mravaljer uTiTebs Tavis `qarTuli literaturis istoriaSi~. am wigns kargad
icnobda ivane javaxiSvili da polievqtos karbelaSvilis zogierT daskvnas iRebda
mTlianad, yovelgvari kritikis gareSe (magaliTad, p. karbelaSvilis Tvalsazrisi,
rom mcxeTasTan dakavSirebiT aTabagebis ùgunurma~ saeklesio politikam sabolood xeli Seuwyo mesxeTis swraf gamahmadianebas). p. karbelaSvilis mier
ganxiluli krebebis gadmocemamde ganvixiloT misi zogierTi saintereso mosazreba
samarTlis sferoSi.
83
k. kekeliZ e, etiudebi Z veli qarTuli l iteraturis is toriidan, t. IV, 1957 w., g v. 336-357.
25
p. karbelaSvilis TqmiT, mociqulTa swori wm. bagrati, romelsac eklesia 9

Tebervals da 9 ivliss ixseniebs, iyo mTavari kapadokieli da, maSasadame, qarTveli
da igi moaqcia petre mociqulma. bagratma iqadaga italiaSi, I saukuneSi. misive
TqmiT, qarTvelebi
(kapadokielebi)
iyvnen
SavizRvispira kaTedrebis
pirveli
mRvdelmTavrebi: andria mociqulis mowafe filologi (sinopis kaTedra) foti
(trapizoneli), meleti, ipati, stratofilosi, epaciani da sxvani. misive azriT,
imperatorma traianem kolxeTSi (kerZod, klarjeTSi) gamoaZeva (gadmoasaxla) romis
episkoposi,
petre
mociqulis
mowafe, klimentiosi
da,
agreTve,
pontoeli
(kapadokieli) episkoposi palmosi, warmoSobiT qarTveli, romlis Svili, fazisis
episkoposi markioni mwvalebeli iyo. markioni SendobisaTvis misula romis pap
anikitesTan.84 p. karbelaSvilis TqmiT,
wm. giorgi iyo wm. ninos biZaSvili.
saqarTvelos pirveli episkoposi ioane warmoSobiT iyo qarTveli (kapadokieli), igi
Cveni eklesiis ierarqi yofila 318 wlidan. maSasadame, Cveni eklesia daarsda, anu
eri moiqca 318 wels. mtkvris piras dResac mdgari Zveli oTxkuTa Senoba
imJamindel `mTavarTa sanaTlavs~ warmoadgenda. matianeebSi moxmobili `zemo
saydari~ - axlandeli dedaTa monasteria samTavroisa. mcxeTis `samirones~ (kvarTze
aRmarTul nagebobas) p. karbelaSvilis dros hqonia vercxlis kari mefe mirianis,
viTarca wmidanis gamoqandakebiT. karbelaSvilis TqmiT, ioane mTavarepiskoposobda
318-327 wlebSi. mis dros mirian mefem imogzaura ierusalimSi, iq mirianma aaSena
jvris monasteri, romelic X s-is damlevs ganaaxla berma proxorem, igi XIX smde qarTvelebs ekuTvnodaT. meore mTavarepiskoposis, iakobis (328-360) dros
qarTul enaze gadmoiTargmna wmida werili ebraulidan. iobi iyo episkoposad
360-374 wlebSi, meoTxe mTavarepiskoposis elias (375-394) dros mirdat mefem
aaSena bolnisis taZari, romelSic wirva-locva gauqmda rusebis mmarTvelobis
dros, 1809 wels. simeonis dros (395-411) Seipyres da baRdadSi awames sparselebma
mirdat mefe. ionas (412-415) dros daiSala mirianis mier aSenebuli xis taZari
sveticxovlisa. TviTon wmida sveti gadausvenebiaT gareubnis (samTavros) eklesiaSi.
karbelaSvilis azriT, glonoqori, igive mobidani anu mobidagea (432-448) mTavarepiskoposi, meTauri qarTuli eklesiisa. momdevnom, miqaelma (449-472) qvebiT
Caqola q. dvinSi krebaze antioqiis
patriarqi, somexTa moZRvari petroz
mkawvreli. aqedan Cans, rom petroz mkawvreli (petre fuloni) ar SeiZleboda
yofiliyo xeldamsxmeli petre kaTalikosisa, rogorc fiqrobs zogierTi Tanamedrove istorikosi. p. karbelaSvilis TqmiT, ierusalimSi iloca vaxtang gorgasalma.
rac Seexeba msoflio saeklesio krebebs, p. karbelaSvilis azriT, maTi mowvevis
saWiroeba warmoSva iman, rom IV s-is dasawyisSi, saxelmwifos mier qristianobis
aRiarebis dros, jer kidev ar iyo romis imperiaSi `SemuSavebuli da gamorkveuli
saRmrTo msaxurebaTa aRsrulebis rigi, ar iyo dakanonebuli saqristiano doRmatni
da kanonmdebloba eklesiaTa gamgeblobisaTvis. eklesiis gamgeni xSirad Taviseburad
asrulebdnen eklesiur samsaxursa. Taviseburad esmodaT da xsnidnen saqristiano
doRmatTa. amis gamo mcire aziaSi male iCina Tavi sxvadasxva mwvaleblobam. amitom
saWiro Seiqmna msoflio krebaTa mowveva `ganmarTvad saqristiano da saeklesio
wesTa~.85 `sul 7 msoflio kreba moxda: 1) nikiisa 325 w; 2) konstantinopolisa
381 w; 3) efesoSi 431 w; 4) xalkidonisa 451 w; 5) konstantinopolisa II 553 w;
6) konstantinopolisa III 680 w. da 7) nikiisa II, 787 w.86 aRsaniSnavia, rom p.
karbelaSvili V s-is qarTvel petre ibers, maiumels wmidanad moixseniebs. mohyavs
Gkfnjy Bjctkbfyb$ :bpytjgbcfybt cdzns[&&& 1850^ c& 7-8$
ekle siisa, Tb., 1900, gv. 24 ; 86 iqv e, gv. 25.
84
85
p. karbel aSvili, ierarqia s aqarTv elos
26
sabuTi, romliTac, misi azriT, mtkicdeba, rom mefe mirianis dros qarTul enaze
ìswavleboda da imoZRvreboda qarTveli eri da mTavarepiskoposni da mRvdelni
kapadukielni iyvnen qarTuli enis kargi mcodneni~.87 amitom petre qarTvelis mier
ierusalimSi daarsebuli qarTuli monastrebi `savseni ber-monazvnebiT~ qarTul enaze
aRasrulebdnen RvTismsaxurebas. isini modiodnen `samSobloSi da Tan mohqondaT
qristianobis da erovnuli grZnobis ganmamtkicebeli swavla-moZRvreba da saeklesio
wignni da arigebdnen eklesiebSi, sadac saWiro iyo~.88
saqarTveloSi saeklesio samarTlis Sesaxeb p. karbelaSvili gamoTqvams Semdeg
mosazrebas: `kaTalikozs mieca taxtad sveticxovlis taZari, iwodeboda kaTalikozad mcxeTisa da iveriisa TiTqmis 1400 wlis ganmavlobaSi... kaTalikozpatriarqi mcxeTidan Tavisuflad ganagebda saqarTvelos saeklesio saqmeebsa da
angariSs aravis aZlevda. kaTalikozis xelqveiTTa-morCilTa Seqmnes samefo samefoSi, rogorc Cans, Zvel sigel-gujrebidan da vaxtang VI_is samarTlis wignidan,
im saxiTve, rogorc feodalebma dasavleT evropaSi. kaTalikozi iTvleboda sulier
mefed qveynisa. mefe da kaTalikozi erTnairi pativiTa da uflebiT sargeblobdnen.
Seuracxyofa kaTalikozisa udrida mefis Seuracxyofas. misi Semdegi ierarqiis
sasulierno wevrni gaTanasworebulni iyvnen saero ierarqiis wevrebTan~.89
p. karbelaSvilis TvalsazrisiT, qveynis maRali fenis sagvareuloebi cdilobdnen TavianT ojaxs da sagvareulos gamoezarda Tavisi wiaRidan erTi sasuliero
piri mainc: `kaTalikozni, mRvdelmTavarni da sxvani sasuliero warCinebulni
pirni STamomavlobiT ufro xSirad samefo da didebulTa gvarisani iyvnen da
igini pataraobidanve Sesaferis aRzrdasa da ganaTlebas iRebdnen xolme. yoveli
SeZlebuli sagvareulo cdaSi iyo, rom Tavisi saxlidan erTi mwirvel-mlocveli
da RvTis mavedrebeli hyoloda saydarSi. amitom, TiToeuli sagvareulo sakuTar
saydars iSenebda da swiravda SeZlebasa da gvarad uZrav-moZrav qonebasa, romlis
SemosavliTac uzrunvel-yofiliyvnen saydari da `saydris Svilni~ (samRvdeloni)
momavalSi~. amis gamo èklesia samRvdeloebianad Seiqmna didi mamul-dedulis da
mTabaris patroni~. 1498-1559 ww-is saeklesio gujrebSi eklesias ekuTvnoda 237
sofeli glexebiT da aznaurebiT. kaTalikosis dawesebuli mouravebi krebdnen
saeklesio gadasaxads (maxta, kuluxi) - fuliT da mosavliT. p. karbelaSvili
miiCnevs, rom samefo gadasaxads isini aRar ixdidnen.90 `samefo gadasaxadis
samagierod~, kaTalikozs ekuTvnoda samefoSi arsebuli zogierTi sabaJo, samRebro
da saTevzao adgilebi mtkvarze, alazanze, xramsa da sxva mdinareebze.
gansakuTrebiT sainteresoa p. karbelaSvilis mosazreba, rom saeklesio soflebSi
rogorc
sisxlis,
ise
samoqalaqo samarTlis
sferos
ganagebda
ara saero
xelisufleba, aramed saeklesio. sasuliero wodebis samarTlis gavlenis sferoSi
Sedioda ara mxolod saeklesio soflebi, aramed qveynis danarCeni mosaxleobac `saeklesio soflebSi samarTali da msjavri, samoqalaqo da sasisxlo saqmeebi
irCeodnen kaTalikozisagan, anu misis davalebiT romelime sasuliero pirisagan.
danarCeni samefo da warCinebulTa saymonic ver icilebdnen Tavidan sasuliero
wodebis samarTalsa da gavlenasa~.91
saqarTvelos eklesiis kanonmdeblobis Sesaxeb p. karbelaSvili wers - `samRvdeloebam Sehqmna sakuTari kanonmdebloba, SemuSavebuli mRvdel-mTavarTa krebaTa
mier erovnul niadagzed~.91
87
p. karbelaSvili, dasax. naSr., gv. 27;
88
iqve, gv. 28;
89
iqve, gv. 29;
90
iqve, gv. 30;
91
iqve, gv. 31.
27
p. karbelaSvili, iseve rogorc Semdeg iv. javaxiSvili, saqarTvelos eklesiis

iurisdiqciis saxes adarebs dasavleT evropisas, igi wers - `gaZlierda da
gavrcelda saero xasiaTi sasuliero wodebisa, amis ganmarteba unda veZeboT xalxis
gadaWarbebul sarwmunoebriv midrekilebaSi, rogorc erTxel dasavleT evropaSi iyo~.91
e.i. p. karbelaSvilis azriT, saqarTvelos sasuliero wodebas hqonda agreTve saero,
saqveyno mmarTvelobaze xelmwifeba, aseve iyo dasavleT evropaSi, ufro metad pirvel
aTaswleulSi. am msgavsebis mizezad mkvlevars miaCnia qarTvelTa didi sarwmunoebrivi
simxurvale, msgavsad aRniSnul dros dasavleT evropisa. igi aRniSnavs, rom `saeklesio
glexni Tavisufalni iyvnen yoveli saero gadasaxadisagan~.91 sisxlis Tu samoqalaqo
danaSaulis dros maRali wodebis pirs danaSauli epatieboda `jarimis gadaxdis
Semdeg sasargeblod eklesiisa~,92 ber-monazonTa Sesaxeb wers - ìgini muqTaT ara
sWamdnen sxvis ofliT moyvanil pursa. dRedaRam swerdnen, sTargmnidnen saWiro
wignebsa, mxatvrobiT amkobdnen wignebsa, eklesiebsa, amSvenebdnen taZrebsa... ebrZodnen
mters samSoblos da sarwmunoebis dasacavad~.93
saeklesio jaris Sesaxeb p. karbelaSvili wers - `kaTalikozsa hyavda sakuTari
mxedroba imave wesrigiT rogorc mefesa. spasalarebs, aTasis Tavs, asis Tavs da
sxva moxeleT TviT kaTalikozi niSnavda. omSi an TviT kaTalikozi da episkoposni
winamZRvrobdnen, an spasalarni, rogorc dro da garemoeba moiTxovda. calke
jarebs agrovebdnen, roca saWiro iyo episkoposni da monasterTa winamZRvarni da
brZolis velze gahyavdaT da maTTan erTad Rvridnen sisxlsa~.94
mkvlevaris azriT,
kaTalikozi petre
I
(472-510
w.) warmoSobiT
iyo
kapadokieli qarTveli, grigol nazianzelis mowafe, iyo qalkedonizmis erTguli
damcveli, ebrZoda monofizit somxebs. daeswro 490-493 wlebis vaRarSapadis
krebas. mohyavs `qarTlis moqcevis~ cnoba, rom VI s-is 50-ian wlebSi sakaTalikoso
taxtze ori
`saxlis~, anu
sagvareulos wevrebi
cvlidnen erTmaneTs.
p.
karbelaSvili erT-erT SeniSvnaSi aRniSnavs, rom XVII s-is damdegs arsebobda
qarTuli mxedruli asoebiT dawerili sparsulenovani saxareba, romelic saqarTvelos samefo ojaxs ekuTvnoda.95 amave epoqaSi, XVII-XVIII ss-Si qarTuli asoebiT
werdnen somxurenovan saxarebebs, agreTve iwereboda Turqulenovani saxarebebic
qarTuli asoebiT. mizezi amisa, rogorc Cven mier aris gamorkveuli, iyo is, rom
am epoqaSi saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebriobis daSlisa da gauqmebis kvaldakval,
mimdinareobda qarTvelTa denacionalizacia sxvadasxva sarwmuneobriv konfesiaSi
gadasvlis gziT, anu Turqebsa da sparselebs miuCneviaT, rom sakmaod mravalricxovani qarTuli mosaxleoba mesxeTsa da qarTl-kaxeTSi, TandaTanobiT, etapobrivad
SeeyvanaT Turqulenovan da sparsulenovan wiaRSi. isini Tavdapirvelad, qarTvelebs
ar uginebdnen qristianul siwmideebs, magram eklesiebSi wmida saxarebas asmeninebdnen Turqul da sparsul enebze. qarTvelebi amiT eCveodnen sparsul da Turqul
enebs. aRar aSinebdaT es samyaro, eTvisebodnen mas, rac sabolood maT asimilacias
aadvilebda. amave mizniT, sparsTa da osmalTa mier waxalisebuli somxurenovani
eklesia Tavis samwysoSi ierTebda mravalricxovan qarTvelobas saqarTveloSive.
qarTvelebisaTvis eklesiebSi somxurad ikiTxeboda qarTuli asoebiT naweri wmida
saxareba. qarTuli asoebiT sparsuli, Turquli da somxuri saxarebani iwereboda
imis gamo, rom rogorc mrevli, ise samRvdeloeba, qarTvelebi iyvnen. cxadia,
eklesiebSi sparseli da osmalo moxeleebi ar waikiTxavdnen saxarebas. saxarebas
rogorc Turqul,
ise sparsul
da somxur
enebzec, eTnikurad
qarTveli
RvTismsaxurebi kiTxulobdnen, da radganac maT wera-kiTxva icodnen mxolod
92
93
iqv e, gv. 27;
94
iqv e, gv. 33;
95
iqv e, gv. 37.
28
qarTulad, amitom maTTvis qarTuli asoebiT iwereboda sparsulenovani, Turqulenovani da somxurenovani locvebi da saxarebani, anu rogorc mrevli, ise
sasuliero
wodeba,
qarTuli
iyo, ganwirulni
sarwmunoebrivi gziTac
ki
asimilaciisaTvis. mxolod qarTuli marTlmadidebeli eklesia icavda im dros
qarTul nacionalur TviTSemecnebas, maSasadame, qarTvelobas.
zogierT wreSi, amJamad, gakvirvebiT aRniSnaven, rom anton I kaTalikozpatriarqis taxtze asvlis dros iyo mxolod 25 wlisa. es asaki gamonaklisi ar
aris. p. karbelaSvilis mier dadgenilia, rom amave asakisa, 25 wlisa iyo cnobili
kirion I (572-598) sakaTalikozo taxtze asvlis dros.96 aseve 26 wlisa iyo
bolo patriarqi anton II aRsaydrebis dros,97 ufro axalgazrda 24 wlisa iyo
kaTalikoz-patriarqi daviT III (1427-1430)98 da sxv.
saqarTvelos saeklesio krebebTan dakavSirebiT p. karbelaSvili aRniSnavs
Semdegs - misi azriT, dvinis cnobili saeklesio kreba somxeTSi, romelzec
Seikribnen qarTveli, albaneli da somexi ierarqebi, Sedga 596 wels. kirionma
somxebs gaugzavna msoflio saeklesio krebaTa dadgenilebani, àmaT Tanaxmad
imwyseba saqarTvelos eklesiao~.96 misi azriT, somxebma mogvianebiT mainc aRiares
qalkedonis kreba,96 albaT gulisxmobs VII saukunes.
qarTlis kaTalikosi barTlome (613-620 ww.), romelic p. karbelaSvilis
sityviT SesaZloa gadaayena herakle keisarma, RirsebiT miuRia Sio mRvimis `ZmaTa
krebas~. aq sityva `krebas~ ara Sekrebis, aramed `saZmos~ mniSvnelobiT xmarobs
mkvlevari. namdvili èpiskoposTa kreba~ Sekrebila, mkvlevaris TqmiT, kaTalikos
sarmeanes (760-774 ww.) dros, romelsac iakobituri moZRvreba daugmia da
iakobitTa mier kaTalikosisaTvis mirTmeuli ZRveni uaruyvia. àm dros mRvdelmTavarTa
krebam episkopos filipes xeliT warmouvlina sarmeanes Semdegi werili: `didsa
mamamTavarsa, meufesa Cvensa sarmeanes, gixaroden, Svilni Senni da siwmidisa Senisa
mrwemni, yovelni episkoposni gauwyebT, raTa arRa daaSrobde moxucebulsa gvamsa
Sensa, rameTu mowyale hyves RmerTi didebulisa mamisa wmidisa Siosa meoxebiT...
TviToeulsa gvibrZana `miuteva RmerTman sarmeanes kaTalikozsa bralni misni da
aw Seuorguleblad miiyvaneT mwyemsi Tqveni~.99 saqme is iyo, rom kaTalikosma
SecdomiT iakobitebi aziara. roca Tavis Secdomas mixvda, Sio mRvimis monasterSi
ufals cremlebiT Sendobas sTxovda, e.i. sakaTalikoso taxti datova. amitomac
krebam zegardmo Cvenebis gamo igi ukanve miiwvia taxtze.
p. karbelaSvili eyrdnoba matianeTa Cvenebas da miiCnevs, rom VII s-Si
stefanozis mTavrobis dros dawesda episkoposTa kreba kaTalikozis moTaveobiT,
jvarpatiosanSi xuTSabaTsa da paraskevs: àdidian paraskevi viTarca didi paraskevi,
xolo sakaTalikozo arn kreba yovelTa xuTSabaTTa da adidian wmidaY sioni,
viTarca didsa xuTSabaTsa, saidumloTa Tana xorciTa da sisxliTa, xolo mcxeTas
saepiskopozosa (samTavro) arn krebaY yovelTa SabaTTa da xseneba pirvel mowamisa
stefanesi da wmidisa abibos nekreselisa episkopozisa~.100 Semdegi kreba, romelsac
ixseniebs p. karbelaSvili, aris ruis-urbnisisa, romelic Semdgara ioane IV
safarelis (1090-1127) dros. Tamaris dros ki, nikoloz I-is kaTalikosobis Semdeg,
miqael III-is kaTalikosobisas (1160-1187 ww.) mowveul iqna saeklesio kreba. p.
karbelaSvilis azriT, 1186 wels. igi mowveuli yofila `ganmarTvad saeklesio da
qristianebrivTa wesTa~. am krebaze Tavmjdomareobda zemoT aRniSnuli yofili
kaTalikosi nikolozi, romelic Tamars
ierusalimidan
mouyvania. `Semokrbes
p. karbelaSvili, dasax. naSr., gv. 38; 9 7 iqve , gv. 188;
262-264; 100 qar Tlis c xovreb a, gv. 169-170.
96
98
iqv e, gv. 9 1;
99
saq arTvel os samoTxe, gv.
29
yovliT kerZo samefosa misisa episkoposni... miegebeboda maT wmida Tamar didiTa
simdabliTa, viTarca erTi kaci Seuracxi, da ara viTarca mefe, viTar angelozTa
da ara kacTa... dasxna saydrebiTa (maRali dasajdomeli - kaTedra), xolo TviT
dajda Soris maTsa martod da ara mefobiT... jda ukve Tamar mcired Jam Soris
maTsa, mere moiRo kurTxeva maTgan da warvida palatad Tvisad... xolo ara ineba
maSindelman man miqael kaTalikozman Soris maTsa (krebisa) yofa, rameTu wina
ukmo iyo wesTagan saeklesioTa da Wyondidel-mawyverloba da mwignobarTa
uxucesobaca mas (miqaels) moexveWa uflisagan - aramed ver ganayenes, daRacaTu
friad iRvawes~... krebis Semdeg miqaeli male gardaicvala.101
Semdegi kreba, p. karbelaSvilis aRweriT, Semdgara laSa-giorgis dros, kaTalikosi
arseni (1213-1234) `krebiT amxilebda laSa-giorgis ugvansa cxovrebasa da garyvnilebaSi dros gatarebasa, vera gziT ver daiTanxmes laSa kanonikurad eqorwina~.102
p. karbelaSvili axsenebs saeklesio krebas, romelic Semdgara giorgi V-is
mefobisas, basilis kaTalikozobis dros, 1344 wels. `hqmna mefe giorgi V kreba
gansamtkiceblad qristianobisa `ganaxlebisaTvis saeklesio wesTa, ganmarTvad da
dadgenad moweseTa wesTa zeda TvisTa da uwesoTa gankveTad~.103
p. karbelaSvils moaqvs mTlianad teqsti im krebisa, romelic, iv. javaxiSvilis
kvleviT, Semdgara daviT laSas Zis mefobisas da romlis dadgenilebis Savi piri
Semdgom, 1925 wels gozaliSvils centrarqivSi aRmouCenia. masze adre es teqsti
gamoaqveyna p. karbelaSvilma, magram mas miaCnda, rom misi gamomcemeli kreba Sedga
XV s-Si. kreba exeba saeklesio mamulebis gacemas mefis xelisuflebis mier.
XV s-Sive, abraam II-is kaTalikozobisas, mefed meored kurTxevisas (1492-1495
wlebSi) mefe konstantinem `moaxdina kreba kaTalikoz-ebiskoposTa da samefo
didebulTa
da warCinebulTagan
`raY yofad
damSvidebisaTvis mTavarTa
da
ganmtkicebisaTvis erTmTavrobisa~. krebam daadgina: `vinaidgan imerni erTguloben
bagrats, her-kaxni giorgis da samcxelni aTabags baadurs - vacadoT brZolad.
dro-Jami uked ganagebs mefobaso~.104
Semdegi kreba melqisedek II (imave basilis) kaTalikosobis dros (1517-1529
wlebi) Semdgara, igi yofila Zma bagrat mefe muxranbatonisa. am mefis iZulebiT
kaTalikoss saeklesio mamulebi gaucia, kerZod ki miucia ufliswulebisaTvis, anu
Tavisi ZmisSvilebisaTvis, ris gamoc igi kaTalikosobidan gadauyenebiaT. amis gamo
p. karbelaSvili wers - `samRvdeloTa krebam kaTalikosi basili (melqisedeki)
sxvaTa Soris mcxeTis mamulebis gacemis gulisTvis gansdevna armazis monasterSi
da kaTalikosobidan daamxo: `q. kaTalikozma patronma basili ZmiswulTaTvis
daiWira kunenelTa sami kuamli kaci da sxva srulad patrons bagrats misca da
misaqcieli, Tekena da werovnis naxevari. kopinasSvilebi daasaxla da daukarga
mcxeTas. asre rome ... ragvarac TviTan moekida mcxeTas dasaqcevrad, aRarca sxvaTa
gamoenaxva. miyves xeli Sinaurma da gareulma mcxeTis mamulsa sasyidrad, da asre
daikarga, rome rac sofeli aris zogan naxevari, zogan mesamedi aklia - daikarga
mcxeTisTvis... mcxeTis damqcevni arian. rogorc es yuela mcxeTis daqceva da
Secodeba gamoaCnda, mefeman saekudro waarTva da gaagdo da amisave brZanebiTa Cven
martaci wavarTviT da issav memkvidresa miuboZeT~. kaTalikosoba CamoerTva 15271529 wlebs Sua da mis magier kaTalikozad dadginda germane~.105 aqedan Cans, rom
mefea meTauri eklesiisa.
p. karbelaSvili, ierarqia saqar Tvelos eklesiisa, Tb ., 1900 , gv. 7 2; 102 iqv e, gv. 74. 103 vaxuSti,
ist. 279, q .c. 44 9 da qr onikebi Jordaniasi, gv. 176 da 186; 104 p. karbelaSvili, dasax. naSr., gv.
98; 105 iqv e, gv. 104.
101
30
1531-1549 wlebSi qarTlis kaTalikosis malaqias dros Sedga saeklesio kreba,

romelic
malaqiasTan erTad moiwvia
afxazeTis kaTalikosma evdemosma. maT
Seadgines da saxelmZRvanelod gamosces sakaTalikozo kanonebi.
kaTalikoz domenti qaixosros Ze muxranbatons 1663 wels dausaflavebia
astarabadidan Camosvenebuli gvami Teimuraz I-isa `didis samRvdelo krebiT~.106 aq
`kreba~ niSnavs krebuls, iseve rogorc nikoloz kaTalikosis sigelSi, XVII s-is
bolos. èse nikolozi Tavis krebiT swers 1676 wlis 6 Tebervals moskovis mefes
Teodore aleqsis Zes gramotas - Semweoba gagviwie winaSe sparseTis yeenisao~.107
p. karbelaSvilis wignidan Cans, rom sparseTis mier dapyrobil aRmosavleT
saqarTveloSi, romelic ukve sparseTis imperiis nawilad miiCneoda iranelTa mier
XVI s-is bolodan, qarTlis kaTalikosis dadgenaSi saWiro gamxdara nebarTva
iranis Sahisa. `1687 wels Sah-solimani swers firmanSi ioane kaTalikozs `radgan
Tqveni wina moadgile (nikolozi) ar daemorCila nazarali xans, igi ganvkveTeT
da Tqven ioane dagadgineTo~.108 am kaTalikoz ioanes, mefe erekle I-is TanxmobiT,
mouwvevia mRvdelmTavarTa kreba 1680 wlis 12 marts, romelic Seexeboda daviT
garejas samonastro cxovrebis aRdgenas Sah-abasis mier aoxrebis Semdeg. rac man
1615 wels aRdgomas diliT daviT garejaSi 6 000 ber-monazoni gaJlita, garejas
udabno mere veRar aRorZinebula, Tumca Semdegi mefeebi cdilan gansakuTrebiT
`Sanaozis Ze, mefed dadginebuli arCili~. krebam ganawesa erTi winamZRvari `mama~,
romelsac unda damorCileboda daviT-garejas yvela beri. yovelgvari SemosavalSesawiri berebs am mamisTvis unda CaebarebinaT. krebam sastiki sasjeli daado am
krebis damrRvevs.
1680 wlis
krebas xeli
moawera: bodbelma,
rusTvelma,
alaverdelma, samebelma, ninowmidelma, tfilelma mTavarepiskoposma domentim da
mTavarepiskoposma qristeforem.109
1703 wels Semdgarma `samRvdeloTa krebam~ sakaTalikozo taxtze aiyvana
ruseTidan axlad mosuli domenti, romelic kaTalikozad akurTxes 1705 wels.
krebas uari uTqvams kaTalikozobis ori kandidatisTvis. yofili kaTalikosis
evdemos II-sa da aseve yofili kaTalikozis nikolozisTvis.110
kaxeTSi saeklesio mamulebs dauwyes dataceba da ciloba. amis gamo, 1707 wels,
`domenti wavida yeenTan saCivlelad da misi wyalobis firmaniT kaxeTSi Cavida
imam yuli xanTan. gaariga saqme da mivida mcxeTaSi~.111 iranis Sahebis didi
gavlenis Sesaxeb p. karbelaSvili wers: ìese aRiZra SuriT da vaxtangi daabezRa
yeenTan - `TaTrobis mteriao, miwaze daaxeTqa yurani da mere cecxlSi dawvao~.
yeenma gamomZiebeli gamogzavna. svimon batoniSvilic ieses miemxro, vaxtangs ar
Ralatobda mxolod
samRvdeloeba... domentim
da TiTo-orola
samRvdeloT
112
uneblieT umowmes vaxtangis winaaRmdeg~.
1713 wels iese gamefda, `svimonma
Seipyro domenti kaTalikozi da baqars gaugzavna Tvalebis dasaTxrelad `sparseTSi
myofs vaxtangs rad emxrobio~, magram dedofalma rusudanma (vaxtang VI-is
meuRle) ar uyo. domentim krebisaTana daswyevla svimoni, gaCnda saSineli
Wirianoba da svimons col-Svili erTianad amouwyda~.113
kaTalikosis sikvdilis win `Tamarma moaxdina samRvdeloTa kreba da domentis
CvenebiT aRirCies kaTalikozad ieses Ze antoni, im dros quTaTeli, antonma uari sTqva~.114
p. karbelaSvili, dasax. naSr., gv. 126; 107 iqve , gv. 127; 108 iqv e, gv. 129, wyarod miuTiTe bs Vw[tncr& fr ns^ gv . 238; 109 iqve , gv. 130; 110 iqve , gv. 123; 111 iqve . gv. 133; 112 iqve , gv. 134; 113 iq ve,
gv. 135; 114 iqv e, gv. 138.
106
31
qarTuli eklesiis saqmeebSi yeenis garda ereoda, agreTve, osmalos faSa,

Tbilisis dapyrobis Semdeg. 1727 wels ieses daxmarebiT besarion orbelians
miumxria isay-faSa, `Seapara qrTami da miiRo kaTalikozoba, 1728 w.~.115
1755 wlis 16 dekembers samRvdeloTa krebam mcxeTaSi antons àxada kaTalikozobis xarisxi da mRvdelmoqmedeba aukrZala, xolo misi Tanamoazreni da megobarni
dasajes, am krebazed antonma aRiara Tavisi Secodeba, xolo Semdeg krebazed, 4
aprils 1756 w. Seinana Tvisi danaSauli da gamoutyda krebas yvelaferSi.
gamosTxova Teimuraz mefes nebarTva mRvdel-moqmedebisa da ruseTSi wasvlisa~.116
1720 wlis 17 oqtombers dabadebuli antoni 18 wlis asakSi berad aRikveca
gelaTSi, 2 Tebervals.
3 Tebervals, SabaTs, diakvnad akurTxa eqvTime gaenaTelma
mitropolitma. 20 wlisas xeli daasxa mitropolitad afxazeTis kaTalikosma
grigolma quTaisis taZarSi - 27 seqtembers, SabaT dRes. 22 wlisa naTlismcemlis
monasterSi Sevida mowesed, 1743 wlis 5 ianvars kaTedris datovebis Semdeg.117
qarTlis yofil samefoSi, vaxtang VI-is da antonis mamis ieses kraxis Semdeg, givi
amilaxvari uZlieres didebulad gadaiqca. masTan antonis damoyvrebis cnobili
marcxis Semdeg antonis berad Sedgoma 1720 w. p. karbelaSvils miaCnia kaxeTis
samefo dinastebis, Teimuraz I-isa da erekle II-is politikur moxerxebad. maT gza
gaexsnaT qarTlis taxtisaken, romelzedac pretenzias acxadebda Teimurazis meuRle
dedofali Tamari, vaxtang VI-is qali. givi amilaxvari `sikvdilamde ebrZoda
sparsebs da qarTlis samefos ar anebebda Teimurazsa da erekles, jer vaxtangis
Svilebs iwvevda qarTlSi gasamefeblad da mere abdula-begi, igive arCili
wamoayena qarTlis memkvidred~.118 abdula-begi antonis Zma iyo. sakaTalikozo
taxtze
Teimurazis
mier antonis
mowveva politikuri
angariSianobiT iyo
ganpirobebuli. qarTlis taxtis memkvidris antonis sakaTalikoso taxtze asvliT
samefo taxtze misi pretenziebi unda ganeitralebuliyo, magram anton kaTalikosma `saqarTvelos Sinaur cxovrebaSi gacilebiT meti gavlena
moipova, vidre
119
erekle mefem~.
qonebrivadac antoni ufro mdidari iyo, vidre mefe Teimurazi,
amis gamo antoni mefes `Semweobas aZlevda saeklesio qonebidan gaWirvebis dros~.
p. karbelaSvili, Sesabamis wyaroebze dayrdnobiT mkveTrad acxadebs, rom
àntoni
mainc yovel SemTxveviT sargeblobda qarTlis taxti CamorTmeoda
Teimurazs~.120 1747 wels antonis Zmam abdula-begma ganizraxa qarTlis taxtis
daWera ajanyebiT. TbilisisaTvis aTi Tve sisxlis Rvra iyo, ànton kaTalikozma
mxari dauWira abdula-begs (Tavis Zmas) da dauloca amisTana safaTerako
ganzraxva. bolos TviTonve Seariga gamarjvebul erekles~, am dros Teimuraz mefe
sparseTSi iyo... Teimurazis gamarjvebis da ganmtkicebis Semdeg qarTlis taxtze,
antoni krebam `daamxo, gandevna da wirvisagan daayena~. antoni daapatimres, igi
werilSi madlobs Teimurazs, `rom ar mokla~.121
marTalia, antoni TbilisSi aRiarebda, rom `Sevcdi am ors sityvaze: sulisa
wmidis saqmezed da papis ufrosobazed~, magram peterburgSi CasvlisTanave igi
kategoriulad uaryofda am braldebas, uwodebda ciliswamebas, amtkicebda Tavis
srul marTlmadideblobasa da agreTve imas, rom mefe Teimurazma igi sakaTalikoso taxtidan Camoagdo politikuri mizezebis gamo, radganac `qarTlis samefo
taxtis kanonieri memkvidre me var, xolo Teimuraz I ara qarTlis, aramed kaxeTis
mefeao~. ruseTis wmida sinodi mravali Semowmebis Semdeg darwmunda antonis
p. karbelaSvili, dasax. naSr., g v. 139 ;
gv. 146; 120 iqve, gv. 152; 121 iqve, gv. 156.
115
116
iqve , gv. 153;
117
iqve , gv. 14 4;
118
iqv e, gv. 145;
119
iqve,
32
srul marTlmadideblobaSi da aiyvana ruseTis eklesiisaTvis erT-erT umaRles

samRvdelo kaTedraze - vladimirisa da ieropolis eparqiaSi mTavarepiskoposis
tituliT. mogvianebiT ruseTis wmida sinodis wevradac ki daniSna. antoni
ruseTSi darCa 1763 wlamde.
antonis nacvlad qarTlis kaTalikosis saydarze asuli iosebis (1755-1763)
dros erekle mefem saeklesio kreba moiwvia, mis dadgenilebas aqvs 11 muxli. esaa
mimarTva episkoposTa da samRvdeloTa mimarT saeklesio saqristiano wesrigis
moTxovniT. krebis oqms xels awers, pirvel rigSi, erekle mefe, Semdeg ki
kaTalikos-patriarqi iosebi. krebis oqmidan Cans, rom kaxeTis samRvdeloebas
centraluri samefo da saeklesio xelisufleba sifrTxiliT epyroba, radganac Cans
gaRvivebulia is Wiri, romelmac aTabagebis dros mesxeTis eklesiis separatistuli
gandgoma gamoiwvia. oqmSi amitomac naTqvamia: - èrekle mefisagan da yovlisa
saqarTvelosa kaTalikoz-patriarqisa iosebisagan esreT siyvaruliT euwyos miss
siwmides yovlad samRvdelos arqiepiskopos amba alaverdels zenons, wmidasa da
yovlad samRvdelos nekresel episkoposs dosiTeoss da wmidasa da yovlad
samRvdelos samebel episkoposs ioanes.122
1755-56 wlebTan dakavSirebiT p. karbelaSvili wers, rom àntoni da misi
Tanaziarni (magaliTad, anCisxatis dekanozi aleqsi) krebis ganCinebisamebr gakriWes
(Tma da wveri)~.123 antoni werda vladimiridan aleqsi dekanozs, `maT egonaT Cveni
mRvdlobis Zala TmebSia~.124 antoni 11 Tve patimari yofila, mxolod 1756 w.
aprilSi gamgzavrebula ruseTSi _ moskovSi 1757 wlis ianvarSi, peterburgSi ki
martSi Casula. rogorc aRiniSna, igi ruseTis erT-erT umTavres kaTedraze
aiyvanes mRvdelmTavrad, miuxedavad amisa, saqarTveloSi mwvaleblobad CaTvales da
dawves antonis Txzuleba `miwyales Targmaneba~. `vinc antonis megobari darCnen
saqarTveloSi, ioseb kaTalikozma dausjeli aravin gauSva~.124 udanaSaulod, antonTan megobrobis gamo dasaja, adgilidan gadaayena da mRvdelmoqmedeba aukrZala
anCisxatis saxelovan dekanozs aleqsis, romelsac antoni swerda: `Tavisi sakuTari
saxeliT mosulebma, Cven uflis saxeliT mosulebi gangvdevnes, maT mier daTxeuli
Seni sisxli uflis winaSe adioda abelis sisxlis msgavsad... Sen Tavs upativcemulod moepyrnen avazakebi, romelTa bunebrivi saqme iyo sxvisi qonebis mtacebloba,
sxvisi saxlis Tavis saxlTan mierTeba da sxvisi mamulis Tavis mamulTan mierTeba~
(`SemrTavi saxlTa saxlisa mimarT da agarakTa agarakisa mimarT~).124
p. karbelaSvilis azriT, anCisxatis saxelovani dekanozi aleqsi mxolod
antonisadmi siyvarulis gamo cildawamebuli kaTolikur mwvaleblobaSi, yovelmxriv
Seuracxyofili sami dRe atares Tbilisis moednebsa da quCebSi, imave mizeziT ki
cemiT mokles antonis deida xvaraSani - mefe erekle I-is asuli. igi
`cilwamebuli ZaRlTa da mxecTa misagdeblad daisaja~.125 antoni ruseTSi mTeli
Tavisi yofnis manZilze, ara mxolod ruseTis uwmidesi sinodis, aramed yoveli
kacis winaSe mudam ambobda, rom mas udanaSaulod cili daswames da arasodes
igi kaTolikur mwvaleblobas mikedlebuli ar yofila. antonis am udanaSaulo
dasjas saqarTveloSic Sinagani daZabuloba da mRelvareba mohyolia, amitomac igi
werda: - `maT egonaT, rom Cemi sakaTalikoso taxtidan CamogdebiT saqarTveloSi
mSvidoba damyardeboda, magram ar dacxra RvTis risxvis berva da mRelvarebis
qari~. amis gamo erekle II-s mamamisTan, mefe TeimurazTan didi usiamovneba hqonda
da dReniadag ayvedrida antonis gaZevebas. gaigo Tu ara ereklem ruseTSi myofi
161; 125 iqve, gv. 164.
122
123
iqv e, gv. 161, Se niSvna 1;
124
iqve , gv. 161;
124
iqv e, gv.
33
mamis, Teimurazis sikvdilis ambavi, maSinve kaci afrina antonTan ruseTSi da

saqarTveloSi moiwvia sakaTalikoso taxtze kvlav asasvlelad. antons samgzavrod
ruseTis sinodma gamouyo Tanxa.
saqarTveloSi antonis CamosvlisTanave, erekle mefem da antonma 1764 wlis
2-18 oqtombers moiwvies saeklesio kreba. krebas daeswrnen mefe erekle, anton
kaTalikosi, mTavarepiskoposi kirile, episkoposi besarioni, tfileli qristefore,
mroveli germane, ninowmideli saba, mangleli nikolozi, rusTveli iosebi (im dromde
kaTalikosi). krebam aRiara antonis mowinaaRmdegeTa cilismwamebloba, e.i. saeklesio
krebam kidev erTxel aRiara antonis sruli udanaSauloba, kaTolikur mwvaleblobaSi
misi ubraloeba da amitomac sastikad dasaja is sasuliero pirebi, vinc antons cili
daswama~.126 pirvel rigSi ki is, romelmac SecdomaSi Seiyvana wina saeklesio kreba,
mRvdeli zaqaria gabaSvili, mZvinvare mteri kaTalikosisa. mas CamoarTves mRvdloba
da ereklem qveynidanac ki gaaZeva. amiT saqarTvelos eklesiis mmarTvelobam
sinanuli
gamoTqva
antonis
umizezod
dadanaSaulebisa da
kaTalikosobidan
gadayenebis gamo, da ufro metic, sixaruliT daubruna mas pirvelmRvdelmTavris
taxti. saqarTvelos eklesias ruseTis sinodis winaSe uCivla gankveTilma zaqariam,
ruseTis sinodma upasuxa - `wadi da anton kaTalikoss Sendoba Txove~.127
antonma daaarsa sasuliero gamgeoba, anu `dikasteria~, imgvaradve, rogorc
ruseTSi iyo.
antonis
mier
amoqmedebuli stamba,
romelic ruseTSi
misi
gadasaxlebis dros gauqmda, antonis dabrunebis Semdeg kvlav amoqmedda. aq antoni
beWdavda rusulis mixedviT Sesworebul qarTul saeklesio wignebs àntoni didaT
xels uwyobda saqarTvelos ruseTTan daaxloebas, 1769 w. pirvelad daibara mironi
ruseTidan~.128 1783 w. ivlisSi ruseTTan dadebuli traqtatis ZaliT antoni
aRiarebul iqna ruseTis sinodis wevrad. àm windauxedavma saqmem Searyia
Tavisufleba saqarTvelos 1400-wlovani eklesiisa da nel-nela daumorCila sinods
28 wlis ganmavlobaSi. anton kaTalikosi didi madlieri iyo ruseTisa. misi mxriv
didi Secdoma iyo, rom qarTuli saeklesio wignebi slavianurzed Seaswora, anu
TviT Seadgina zogierTi sagalobelni da ugulebel hyo Zveli, qarTvel mamaTagan
Sedgenili sakiTxav-sagalobelni: slavianur saeklesio wignebis Secdomani Semoitana
qarTulSi enis ucodinrobis gamo. ruseTidan mobrunebuli mudam cdaSi iyo
saqarTvelo daeaxlovebina ruseTisaTvis~...129
p. karbelaSvilis mixedviT, ruseTis wmida sinodis mier saqarTvelos eklesiis
marTva-gamgeobis xelSi aReba daiwyo anton kaTalikosis dros jer misi ruseTis
wm. sinodis wevrad SesvliT, ruseTidan mironis miRebiT, yovelive rusuli
saeklesio wesrigis saqarTveloSi gadmonergviT da misken miswrafebiT. antonis am
`did Secdomas~, rogorc is uwodebs, uZebnis Tavisebur axsnas. antons rogorme
Tavidan unda aecilebina zaqaria gabaSvilis, misi frTisa da maT ukan mdgomi
didi politikuri Zalis ciliswameba antonis aramarTlmadideblobis Sesaxeb.
antonma verafriT daarwmuna isini, rom igi erTguli iyo mamapapuri marTlmadideblobisa. sabolood, gare TvalnaTeli magaliTebis daxmarebiT, rogoricaa
ruseTidan mironis miReba saqarTvelos eklesiis saWiroebisaTvis, ruseTis wmida
sinodis wevroba, qarTuli saeklesio wignebis rusulis mixedviT `gasworeba~, Tumca
amis saWiroeba, p. karbelaSvilis sityviT, ar arsebobda, aiZulebda mowinaaRmdegeebs
veRar gaebedaT antonis marTlmadideblobaSi eWvis Setana. amis Sedegad saqarTvelos
eklesiis avtokefaliis
gauqmeba,
misi
gadaqceva rusuli
saxelmwifos
administraciul-Cinovnikur erTeulad da qarTveli xalxis eklesiisadmi gulmxur126
iqve, gv. 166;
127
iqve, gv. 178;
128
129
iqve, gv. 187.
34
valebis
Zalebis
ganeleba mohyva, rac z. gabaSvilisa
mizeziT moxda. es iyo maTi qmedebis
da misi
saboloo
aRmZvreli
Sedegi.
politikuri
meliton kelenjeriZe
Tavis `saqarTvelos
sakaTalikoso eklesiis
mokle
130
istoriaSi~
mimoixilavs saeklesio samarTalsac. misi azriT, `saqarTvelos eklesia
Tavisi organizaciiT Zalian
mogvagonebs dasavleT
evropis feodalizms
Sua
saukuneebSi. am mxriv yvelaze ufro sami movlena ipyrobs yuradRebas: a)
memkvidreobiTi principi;
b) samoqalaqo
samsaxuri
da
g) eklesiis samxedro
131
organizacia. misi azriT, saqarTvelos eklesiaSi `farTo demokratizmi iyo daculi~,
magram zogierTi Tanamdeboba memkvidreobiT gadadioda mamidan Svilze (mag.,
jvarTmtvirTveloba, mouravoba, xSirad `karis dekanozoba~, kandelakoba da sxv).
`sasuliero wodebas samoqalaqo da samxedro funqciebic epyra. magaliTad,
Tbileli aTanase `naibadaa~ wodebuli, grigol wurwyabeli episkoposi erisTavicaa
e.i.
olqis ufrosi.
erisTavia saba
mtbevaric...
glonoqor
mTavarepiskoposi
erisTavadac iyo `barzabod pitiaxSisagan qarTls da hereTs~. amaSi kidev ufro
gvarwmunebs Wyondidelis Tanamdeboba... WyondidelobaSi, rogorc fokusSi, Tavmoyrilia saeklesio, samoqalaqo da samxedro moxeleoba... vaxuStis azriT, `misi
xelisani iyvnen qvriv-obolni, Sewuxebulni da SeWirvebulni. es iuwyebda amaTTa
yovelsave mefesa. eseve iyo mwignobarTuxucesi. ese miscemda mefisagan brZanebasa
eklesia-monasterTa da laSqarTa mowvevad da maTTa samWirnoTa moxsenebad mefesa~.
erT sabuTSi Wyondideli ixsenieba rogorc `patroni~, `proto upertimosi~ da
`vazirTa yovelTa upirvelesi~.
Wyondideli sasaxlis ministricaa, ganaTlebisac da samxedroc. Wyondideli
pirveli kaci iyo mefisa da kaTalikosis Semdeg... Wyondideli sasaxleSi Sinauria,
rogorc sasaxlis ministri. es iqidan Cans, rom axal wels igi yvelaze adre
ulocavda mefes da yoveli krizisis dros mefe pirvelad Wyondidels ekiTxeboda.
Wyondidels xmalic ertya da sardlobda~.132
m. kelenjeriZis TvalsazrisiT, èklesia Zlieri samxedro organizacia iyo da
did monawileobas iRebda samSoblos dacvis saqmeSi... omSi midiodnen kaTalikosic,
episkoposic da saeklesio ymebic. saba mtbevari episkoposi omSia laSqriT, malaqia
gurieli jiqeTSi gahyva mTavrebs saomrad, maqsime jumaTelma afxazebi daamarcxa
erkeTSi, Wyondidels xmali ekida, Tumca `ridebiTa monazonebisaYTa ara ixada
xrmali~.13 3
mroveli
episkoposi
avaliSvili 1624
wlis marabdis
brZolaSi
monawileobda Tavisi droSiTa da laSqriT. brZolis win episkoposma miugo jars:
`dRes brZola aris sarwmunoebisa da qristes mcnebisa da ara mxolod Cem zeda,
amisTvis ara vyo, ukeTu uwinares Tqvensa ara davTxio sisxli Cemi maxvilis
amRebman~, saspaspeto droSa hqonda bodbelsa da nekreselsac. yvelaze mniSvnelovani samxedro roli rusTvels eniWeboda, episkoposebSi zogi mTavarsardlobda,
zogic mTavarsardlis droSis qveS idga. ase rom, zog episkoposs sxva episkoposebi
Tavis droSis qveS hyavda, rogorc generals - oficrebi. rusTveli mTavarsardlobda. mas saolqo droSa hqonda, igi qiziyis mouravis toli iyo, iseTive droSa
hqonda.133 m. kelenjeriZe ixilavs sul 5 saeklesio krebas (anCis, javaxeTis, ruisurbnisis (1103), XVI s. imereTis, goris (1755-1756).134
qarTuli samarTlis istoriis SeswavliT gansakuTrebiT iyo dainteresebuli
niko
mari,
`saxelmoxveWil
akademikoss
ganzraxuli
hqonda
moemzadebina
m. kelenj eriZe, saqarT velos s akaTal ikoso e klesiis mokle istor ia, `saRmrTo sjuli~, Tb. 1993,
gv. 257-423; 131 iqve , gv. 314; 132 iqve , gv. 317; 133 iqve , gv. 318; 134 iqv e, gv. 319.
130
35
saTanado specialisti saeklesio samarTlis ganxriT~. 13 5 niko mari monawileobas

iRebda im saeklesio `winaswar sakrebulos~
sxdomaSi, 1906 wlis 1-el
dekembers, romelsac xelewifeboda qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis Sesaxeb
kompetenturi azris gamoTqma.
sxdomas eswrebodnen umaRlesi sasuliero pirebi, saeklesio istoriisa da
saeklesio samarTlis specialistebi arqiepiskopos nikandris TavmjdomareobiT. krebas
eswreboda imereTis episkoposi leonide, mogilevis episkoposi stefane, sami rusi
dekanozi, profesorebi _ berdnikovi, briliantovi, a. cagareli, a. xaxanaSvili,
i. popovi, sokolovi, ostroumovi, zaozerski, almazovi, butkeviCi, glubokovski,
palmovi, Seini. niko marma waikiTxa moxseneba - `qarTuli eklesiis istoriis
narkvevi uZvelesi droidan~, romelic exeboda saeklesio samarTlis sakiTxebs,
kerZod, aRniSnavda, rom qarTuli eklesiis ierarqia saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi
yalibdeboda.136 `jer kidev V s-is iakob curtavelis TxzulebaSi ixsenieba `Tavi
igi episkoposTa - samoel, pirveli kaTalikosi... saqarTvelos eklesiis meTauri,
rogorc Cans, ukve VI s-Si ierarqiulad arsebiTad damoukidebeli iyo da
kaTalikosis titulsac atarebda, xolo grigol xanZTelis xanaSi, IX s-Si, rogorc
Cans, patriarqis (mamamTavris) wodebas iferebda~.137 qarTveli da somexi pirvelierarqebi èrTmaneTis kaTalikosobas saeWvod ar Tvlidnen~.138 n. mari gamoTqvamda
araswor Sexedulebas, TiTqosda somxuri qalkedonituri saepiskoposoebi VIII s-is
mcxeTis kaTalikoss daeqvemdebara da amis Sedegad aRmoCnda qarTuli eklesiis
iurisdiqciaSi, aseTebad mas miaCnda ìSxnis, anCis, valaSqertis, banis, anisa da
yarsis eparqiebi~,138 sinamdvileSi, samxreT saqarTvelos mkvidri qarTuli mosaxleoba
Seqmnili politikuri viTarebis gamo, VIII-IX ss-mde imyofeboda somxuri eklesiis
iurisdiqciiis qveS (VI s-dan), gaTavisuflebis Semdeg VIII-IX ss-Si daubrunda
qarTuli dedaeklesiis wiaRs, xolo somxeTSi mcxovrebma qarTvelebma (magaliTad,
anisSi da sxvagan) daaarses qarTuli saepiskoposoebi.139
n. maris azriT, bizantiaSi xatmebrZolobis epoqaSi èrT mxares idgnen
umaRlesi saero moxeleebi da episkoposebi, romelnic imis momxreni iyvnen, rom
imperators Tvalyuri edevnebina eklesiisaTvis da waremarTa kidec misi saqmianoba,
xolo meore mxares idgnen berebi... isini im mosazrebiT xelmZRvanelobdnen, rom
saero xelisufleba ar unda ereodes sasuliero wodebis saqmeSi. es mimarTuleba
damarcxda bizantiaSi~.
saqarTveloSi,
mesxeTSi
ki
piriqiT,
n.
maris
azriT, gaimarjva
meore
mimarTulebam. aq, eklesiis meTaurebi `Zlier Zalad grZnobdnen Tavs da eklesiis
damoukideblobas saero xelisuflebisgan gaSmagebiT icavdnen~ (eyrdnoboda giorgi
merCules Txzulebas). g. nadareiSvili amasTan dakavSirebiT wers - `samecniero
literaturaSi aRniSnulia, rom `saqarTvelos istoriam icis iseTi xana, roca
qveynis ideur-politikur cxovrebaSi gadamwyveti mniSvneloba eniWebaT mesxeTis
udabnoebis, anu monasterTa winamZRvrebsa da saqarTvelos amave mxaris episkoposebs,
es aris
IX
saukune~.140 g.
nadareiSvili ganagrZobs `sasuliero pirTa
gansakuTrebiT maRali mdgomareoba Cans beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis wignisaTvis
darTul e.w. bagrat kurapalatis samarTlis wignidanac, romelsac a. kikviZe
IX s-is Zeglad miiCnevs da arcTu usafuZvlod. aq Semonaxuli samarTlebrivi
normebis mixedviT episkoposi `meore mefed~ aris miCneuli. Tumca, samarTliani
g. nadare iSvili, niko mari da qarTuli samarTlis istoriis sak iTxebi, 1989, gv. 13; 136 iqv e, gv.
14; 137 iqv e, gv. 14. Wthr jdyst dtljvj cnb^ +3 ^ 1907 ^ c& 1 23^ 12 6$ 138 g. nadareiSvili, dasax. naSr., gv.
15; 139 a. jafriZ e, saqarTvelo s samoc iqulo eklesiis isto ria, t. I, 19 96, t. 2, 199 8; 140 a. kikviZe,
vis ekuTvn is bagr at kurapalatis samar Tlis s axeliT cnobil i samar Tali? ix. mas alebi s aqarTv elos
eTno grafiis Tvis, t . XVI-XVII, T b., 197 2, gv. 234.
135
36
sababiT mefe episkoposs `xelTa~ ver Seipyrobs, àmisTvis rome meore mefe
ebiskopozi aris da qristianeTa sjulisa damamtkicebeli~ ($102). maSindel mesxeTSi
sasuliero pirebi, gansakuTrebiT, berebi, did Zalas warmoadgendnen. araiSviaTad
isini Tavis damoukideblobas saero xelisuflebis winaSe warmatebiT usvamdnen
xazs. giorgi merCules moTxrobili aqvs, Tu rogor SeZlo klarjeTis udabnoTa
arqimandritma grigol xanZTelma guaram mamfalis survilis winaaRmdeg arsenis
kaTalikosad datoveba. beri saba iSxneli bagrat kurapalatis mier weriliT
dabarebuli urCobas iCens da ar cxaddeba mis winaSe... da mxolod mas Semdeg,
rac saba iSxneli grigol xanZTelis baraTTan erTad xelmwifis meore ustars
Rebulobs,
cxaddeba mis
winaSe. sasuliero
pirebi, araiSviaTad,
saeklesio
xelisuflebis saxelmwifo xelisuflebis winaSe upiratesobasac ki usvamdnen xazs.
isini TiTqos
Teoriuladac asabuTebdnen samRvdeloebis
upiratesobas saero
mTavrobasTan SedarebiT, magram saganTa logikis ZaliT iZulebulni iyvnen saero
xelisuflebasTan konfliqtebs moridebodnen~.141
n. maris azriT, bizantiis kanonmdebeli imperatoris, basili I-is (867-886)
mowiwebiTi damokidebuleba saerTod qarTuli eklesiisadmi da, kerZod, wmida
ilarion qarTvelisadmi imiT yofila gamowveuli, rom basili I diofiziti somexi
iyo, am xanebSi ki somexi marTlmadideblebi mcxeTis taxtis xelqveiTni iyvnen,141
sinamdvileSi ki basili imperatori qarTul eklesiasa da ilarion qarTvels pativs
miagebda maTi siwmidisa da qristes mcnebebis erTgulebis gamo, rogorc es
marTlmadidebel
imperatorebs
ekadrebodaT.
man
kargad icoda
saqarTvelos
monastrebis wesisa da kanonis damdeb wmida ilarion qarTvelis sulieri Zliereba,
madlmosileba. Tumca, isicaa SesaZlebeli, rom eTnikuri warmoSobiT imperatori
basili I qarTveli iyo da mas romelime wyaro grigol bakurianis Zis msgavsad
`somexs~ uwodebda. miT umetes, rom imperatori basili I Tavis Svilebs qarTul
enas aswavlida ilarion qarTvelis `cxovrebis~ Tanaxmad.142 ilarion qarTvelis
mowafe qarTvel berebs imperatorma basilim `mohgvara orni Zeni Tvisni leon da
aleqsandre da hrqua: àswaveT amaT enaY da wigni Tqueni!~142 rogorc cnobilia,
basilis Svili leon brZeni Semdgom foti patriarqma aRzarda.
n. maris mixedviT, `patriarqis wodeba qarTveli kaTalikosis titulaturaSi
maSin Cndeba, rodesac misi iurisdiqcia gafarTovda da gavrcelda dasavleT
saqarTvelosa da didi somxeTis marTlmadideblur eparqiebze. somxuri marTlmadidebluri eparqiebi uSualod mcxeTis patriarqs emorCilebodnen. amave dros maTi
gansakuTrebuli interesebis damcvelad mcxeTis kaTalikosTan sapatio adgilze zis
specialuri sasuliero moxele mitropolitis wodebiT, romelic didi somxeTis
sulieri moTavea~.143 rac Seexeba dasavleT saqarTvelos, n. maris azriT, mTeli
saqarTvelos gaerTianebis
Semdeg mcxeTis kaTalikoss afxazeTis
kaTalikosTan
SedarebiT garkveuli upiratesoba eniWeboda. amasTan dakavSirebiT, n. mari miuTiTebda, rom is, rogorc es 1020 wlis cnobili dokumentidan Cans, `mama kaTalikosad~
iwodeboda. sazeimo dReebSi mcxeTis kaTalikosis Semdeg meore sapatio adgili
Wyondidels, xolo mesame didi somxeTis mitropolits ganekuTvneboda~.143
n. maris mixedviT, is, rom qarTul eklesias hyavda Tavisi kaTalikosi,
maCvenebelia eklesiis avtokefalobisa.144 e.i. IX s-Si qarTuli eklesia avtokefaluri iyo. ufro adre ki (gulisxmobs VII-VIII ss) bizantiuri saeklesio
samarTlis normebis Sesabamisad, kidev erTxel miiRo Tavisi damoukideblobis
dadastureba antioqiisagan.145
141
143
g. n adareiSvili, dasax . naSr ., gv. 17; 142 Zve li qar Tuli literatur is qre stomaTia, 1946, gv. 175;
g. nadare iSvili dasax. naSr., gv. 17; 144 iqv e, gv. 18; 145 iqv e, gv. 19.
37
n. maris mixedviT, qarTul eklesias IX s-mde ar hqonda mironis kurTxevis

ufleba. rogorc grigol xanZTelis cxovrebidan Cans, es ufleba man moipova 842859 wlebSi, roca man Sewyvita ierusalimidan mironis Semotana (iqve, gv. 20),
sinamdvileSi ki, rogorc es garkveulia Cven mier, qarTlis sakaTalikosoSi mironi
IV-V ss-danve ikurTxeboda. mogvianebiT daarsebul lazikis samitropolitos bazaze
aRmocenebul afxazeTis sakaTalikosoSi, konstantinopolSi xatmebrZoluri eresis
gavrcelebis gamo, mironis Semotana daiwyes ierusalimidan (konstantinopolis
nacvlad), IX s-dan ki efrem didi mawyverelis mecadineobiT saeklesio normebis
gaTvaliswinebiT, ierusalimis sapatriarqos TanxmobiT, dawesda, rom afxazeTis (da
ara àRmosavleTis~) kaTalikosebs mironi ierusalimis nacvlad adgilzeve, qarTlSi
unda mieRoT, radganac àfxazeTic qarTlia~, saeklesio erTianobis gamo afxazeTisTvis saWiro mironis kurTxeva `qarTls ganewesa~ IX s-dan.146
karTagenis krebis me-6 muxlidan Cans, rom V s-is 20-ian wlebamde mironis
kurTxevis neba ara mxolod episkoposebs, mRvdlebsac ki hqondaT, rac akrZala
krebam: `sacxebeli (mironi) mRvdlis mier ar unda damzaddes~,147 magram mironis
kurTxevis ufleba dautova episkoposebs.
qarTuli samarTlis istoriisaTvis sainteresoa n. maris mosazreba, rom `Zvel
saqarTveloSi saero da sasuliero Zalauflebis erToba warmoadgenda udavo
faqts~.148 Wyondideli mwignobarTuxucesis Tanamdeboba (saxelo) n. mars miaCnda
`saqarTveloSi odesRac arsebuli sasuliero da saero Zalauflebis erT xelSi
Tavmoyris tradiciis gviandel gadmonaSTad. amasTan dakavSirebiT, man yuradReba
miaqcia xevisberobis instituts moxeveebSi da a.S.~ 148 am sakiTxis gasaSuqeblad
dauweria specialuri gamokvleva `xelmwifis karis garigebis Sesaxeb~, romelic
jerjerobiT gamoqveynebuli ar aris.148
gansakuTrebiT sainteresoa n. maris dakvirveba somxuri `vardapetis~
tis mimarT,
romelic mogvagonebs
XII
s-mde
qarTul
eklesiaSi
`moZRvrobis~ instituts.149
instituarsebul
n. maris azriT, somxuri eklesiis wyaroebis mixedviT, vardapeti niSnavda ara

bers, anda ubralod arqimandrits, aramed moZRvars (maswavlebels). `Zvel somxur
eklesiaSi vardapetis, rogorc moZRvar-maswavleblis roli da avtoriteti metad
mniSvnelovani iyo rTuli sasuliero sakiTxebis gadawyvetaSi, rogorc Cans, mas
ufro meti wona hqonda, vidre episkoposs an Tundac kaTalikoss... vardapetebs ara
mxolod maswavlebloba-moZRvrobis ufleba hqondaT, aramed mosamarTlisac. maT
xelSi iyo msajulobac~.150
am mxriv, aRsaniSnavia, rom qarTvel `moZRvarsac~ ruis-urbnisis krebamde, Cans,
iseTive uflebebi gaaCnda, rac somxur vardapets. moZRvari eklesiis maswavlebeli
iyo da, Cans, mosamarTlec. amas unda migvaniSnebdes is, rom qarTveli mefis
darbazis karze myofi `moZRvarT-moZRvari~, umaRlesi msajulisa da mosamarTlis
uflebiT iyo aRWurvili. moZRvari, romelsac msajulis funqciebi ekisreboda, Cans,
qarTulad `merCuled~, rjulis mcodned da amave dros mosamarTled (msajulad)
iwodeboda. unda vifiqroT, rom VII-IX ss-Si, saqarTvelos daSlilobisas qveynis
gaerTianebamde eklesiis xelSi Zalauflebis Tavmoyrisa da zogjer saero da
sasuliero
Zalauflebis erT
xelSi Tavmoyris
dros (romlis
tradiciul
a. jafariZe, saq arTvelo s samo ciqulo eklesiis isto ria, t . 2, 19 98, gv. 97-10 7; 147 karT. me-6
kan. , saqarTvelos eklesiis kal endari, 1987, gv. 239; 148 g. nadareiSvili, dasax. naSr., gv. 9 2; 149
iqv e, gv. 23-24 ; 150 iqv e, gv. 23.
146
38
gadmonaSTad n. mars miaCnda Wyondidel-mwignobarTuxucesis Tanamdeboba), moZRvarTa instituts iseTive didi mniSvneloba hqonda saqarTveloSi, rogorc vardapets
somxeTSi. magram imis Semdeg, rac saqarTvelo gaerTianda da TviTmpyrobelobisaken
moswrafe mefis xelisuflebam Tavis gverdiT ver igua saero xelisuflebisagan
ukiduresad
damoukidebeli
da amave
dros Zlieri
Zalis mqone
eklesia,
saxelmwifos
saWirod miuCnevia
moZRvrobis institutis
Sekveca. amas
unda
migvaniSnebdes ruis-urbnisis krebis me-12 kanoni, `moZRvrad wodebulTa maT
monazonTa~ Sesaxeb: `pirvelad amas ganvsazRvrebT raTa umRvdelosa ara xelewifebodes ganmkiTxvelobad sulTa, araTu episkoposi iyos, anu mRvdeli, anu diakoni,
rameTu pirvelad Sekvrisa da ganxsnisa xelmwifebasa uxms qonebad da egreTRa
gankiTxvisa sulTaYsa xel-yofad~.151
maSasadame, codnas, mecnierul ganaTlebas, romlis gamoc beri iRebda `moZRvris~
wodebas, amis Semdeg ukve mniSvneloba aRar eniWeboda, aramed moZRvris wodeba
SeiZleboda miniWeboda naklebmcodnes, magram nakurTx, anu xeldasxmul sasuliero
pirs. amas axsnas kreba me-12 kanoniT imiT uZebnis, rom `Sekvrisa da ganxsnis
xelmwifeba~ marTlac aqvs mociqulTagan memkvidreobiT xeldasxmul èpiskoposs,
mRvdelsa da diakons~. rogorc aRiniSna, niko maris Tanaxmad, vardapetis
umTavresi Tviseba esaa mecnieruli codna, am codnis gamo mopovebuli ufleba
msajulobisa, maswavleblobisa. ruis-urbnisis krebis Semdeg ki, rogorc aRiniSna,
naklebi mcodnec xeldasxmis meoxebiT SeiZleboda `moZRvari~ gamxdariyo, anu
`sulTa ganmkiTxveli~. unda iTqvas, rom somxur eklesiaSi vardapetobis instituti
warmoadgenda sasuliero wodebis mecnierTa gansakuTrebul korporacias.152 vardapetebi iyvnen saeklesio moZRvrebaTa da gadmocemaTa erT-erTi kompetenturi
damcvelni, amxsnel-ganmmarteblebi da ganmaviTarebelnic. n. mari Tvlida, rom
Zveli somxeTis vardapetebi TavianTi maRali uflebamosilebis simaRleze Rirseulad idgnen. Zveli somxuri saeklesio wyobilebis Tanaxmad, maT sapatio adgili
hqondaT gankuTvnili sazogadoebriv urTierTobaTa sistemaSi da maT Soris
samarTalSemoqmedebis sferoSiac. swavluli vardapetebis korporaciam somxuri
samarTlis istoriaSi didi roli iTamaSa, da radgan n. maris TvalsazrisiT
feodaluri somxeTi qarTuli saxelmwifos SemadgenlobaSi Sedioda eklesiurad da
istoriuli
tao-klarjeTic somxeTis
yofil nawilad
miaCnda, amitom
am
instituts qarTul eklesiazec gavlena unda moexdina. sinamdvileSi, marTalia, VI
s-is Semdeg qarTvelTa qveyana tao da nawilobriv misi mimdebare qarTuli
mxareebi somxuri eklesiis gavlenis sferoSi imyofeboda, arabTa Semosevebis Semdeg
bizantielTa gavleniT am qarTulma kuTxeebma Tavi daaRwies somxur saeklesio
batonobas da VIII-X ss-Si daubrundnen qarTul dedaeklesias. rac Seexeba merCulemoZRvar-maswavleblobis instituts, mas didi avtoriteti unda moepovebina arabTa
mier qarTuli saxelmwifoebriobis dasustebis gamo saeklesio gavlenis gaZlierebis
dros. vardapetis
xelSeuvali avtoriteti
Taobidan Taobas,
maswavleblidan
moswavles gadaecemoda somxuri masalebis mixedviT.152 aseve unda yofiliyo
saqarTveloSic, magaliTad, 985 wels sinas mTaze gadawerili iakobis Jamis wirvis
anderZebSi ioane zosime ixsenebs Tavis moZRvrebs, viTarca ucilobel avtoritetebs, romelTagan miiRo codna, `viTa me vicode moZRvarTagano~, wers igi.
am SemTxvevaSi maT (anu moZRvarTa) xelSia wmida werilis teqstebze zrunva, rac
TavianT movaleobad miaCniaT. mxiTar goSis samarTlis wignis mixedviT, vardapetobis kandidats evaleboda `Zveli da axali aRTqmis wignebisa da kanonikuri
151
didi sjuliskanoni, 1975, gv. 552;
15 2
g . n adareiSvili, dasax. naSr., gv . 25.
39
dadgenilebebis safuZvliani codna. Tanac gamocdis dros gamosacdels dawvrilebiT

unda moeTxro gamomcdelisaTvis `sad da visTan Seiswavla man saRvTo werilis
TiToeuli wigni~.153 ioane zosimec aseve axsenebs Tavis mecnier moZRvars, kerZod,
zemoaRniSnul wignTan dakavSirebiT gvauwyebs: àm wignis dedani Tavidan bolomde
nakluli iyo da imas ar udgeboda, rac me maswavleblebisagan mqonda naswavli,
an Cemi Jamis wirvis wignebSi ewera, amitomac ar momwonda, mexveweboda: rac
magaSi sweria, marto is damiwereo, mec marto is davwere, rac dedanSi ewerao~...
mas, vinc ioane zosimes am davalebas aZlevda, z. WumburiZis azriT, `kargad
hqonda Segnebuli Zveli wignebis mecnieruli Rirebuleba da sagangebod uvlida
maT, esenia moZRvrebi, romelnic `mecnieruli interesebiT swavlobdnen Zvel
xelnawerebs, uvlidnen da icavdnen mas~.154
amave movaleobas wignebis mimarT, n. maris azriT, asrulebdnen vardapetebic.
isini iyvnen saRvTo
werilis tradiciuli teqstebis damcvelni da maTze
mzrunvelni, zogjer daxelovnebuli kaligrafebi, Zveli da axali aRTqmis
wignebis pirveli mTargmnelebi. patriarq sahakis 36-e kanonSi naTqvamia, rom
`wmida da ubiwo sarwmunoebis saWeTmpyrobelni arian mociqulebi, winaswarmetyvelebi
da vardapetebi~. partavis saeklesio krebis me-6 kanonSi aRniSnuli iyo, rom
somxeTis miwaze RvTisSemecnebis madlis Semnaxvelebi arian vardapetebi da unda
vizrunoT maTi rigebis zrdisaTviso. somxeTis saeklesio krebis muSaobaze did
gavlenas axdendnen vardapetebi. anisis saeklesio krebaze didi roli iTamaSa
vardapetma mxiTar goSma. vardapetebs ara mxolod maswavlebloba-moZRvrobis
ufleba hqondaT, aramed mosamarTleobisac. maT xelSi iyo marTlmsajulebac. am
garemoebam gamoxatuleba pova vardanis igavTa krebulSi. `mxiTar goSi, _
aRniSnavda niko mari, _ avtori saeklesio da saero kanonebis krebulisa,
vardapeti iyo. es sakmarisi aRmoCnda imisaTvis, rom mis wigns oficialuri
samarTlis wignis mniSvneloba moepovebina. am samarTlis wignis I nawilis 70-e
muxlis mixedviT, Tundac patriarqs ar SeeZlo araviTari siaxlis SemoReba
saeklesio krebis gareSe im sakiTxebis Sesaxeb, rac eparqiebs, kaTedrebsa da samwysos
Seexeba. mxiTar goSis samarTlis wigni vardapetebis mimarT maT sasuliero da
samoZRvro-samaswavleblo saqmianobis sferoSi araviTar SezRudvas ar iTvaliswinebda, piriqiT,
imisTvis, rom vardapetebis sapatio
wodebisaTvis Crdili
ar
mieyenebinaT, kanoni maT Soris mwvave davasa da kamaTs krZalavda. rogorc Cans,
fiqrobdnen, rom vardapetebis ideur Sejaxebas sarwmunoebisa da eklesiisaTvis zianis
motana SeeZlo. amitom im monasterSi, sadac erTi vardapeti mainc iyo, am
ukanasknelis mowvevis gareSe stumrad ar SeiZleboda misuliyo meore vardapeti~.155
mxiTar goSis samarTlis wignis es muxli exmianeba ruis-urbnisis krebis me12 muxls. magram msgavseba mxolod garegan mxares Seexeba. pirveli (mxiTar goSisa)
ar zRudavs monasterSi vardapetebis ricxvs, aramed mxolod momsvlel, ucxo
vardapets ukrZalavs monasterSi adgilobrivi (Tundac erTaderTi) vardapetebis
nebarTvis gareSe misvlas. ruis-urbnisis krebis me-12 muxliT ki aikrZala
monastrebSi moZRvrebis simravle (`mravalsa SfoTsa da ganxeTqilebisa mizezsa
SemoiRebs simravle maTi~), dawesda did monasterSi mxolod or-ori, mcireSi ki
erTaderTi moZRvris arseboba, magram gacilebiT ufro arsebiTia is, rom, rogorc
aRiniSna, axla moZRvrad ukve ara mecnieruli codnis mixedviT dadgindeboda,
aramed mxolod sasuliero kurTxevis meSveobiT, rac, safiqrebelia, mizezi unda
15 3
155
g . n adareiSv ili, dasax. naSr., g v. 25; 15 4 z . Wumb uriZe, q arT uli wignis moamage ni, 1981, g v. 5;
mxiTar go Si, samarTlis wigni, naw. I, $3, g . nadareiSvil i, gv. 24.
40
gamxdariyo qarTul eklesiaSi mecnieruli codnis donis dacemisa. marTlac, XII sis Semdgomi saeklesio cxovrebis duRili da samecniero-saRvTismetyvelo-saliteraturo kvleva-Zieba (igulisxmeba XIII-XVII ss.) verafriT Seedreba VIII-XI ss-is
gasaocar simaRles saeklesio mecnierebis zrda-ganviTarebisa. Tumca, isic unda
aRiniSnos, rom XII s-Si jer kidev didi iyo Zala moZRvrobis institutisa, rasac
mowmobs daviT aRmaSeneblis anderZi, roca man mTeli Tavisi qoneba monastrebs
dautova Tavisi moZRvris xeliT: Cemma Svilma demetrem `yoveli misces moZRvarsa
Cemsa... raTa romelni monasterni mamulisa Cemisani gamimwarebian, moZRvarman Cemman
ukan cemiTa maTiTa alocnes CemTviso~.
niko mari zrunavda qarTuli samarTlis istoriis Sesaswavlad, radganac igi
ar iyo saTanado doneze damuSavebuli. revoluciis Semdeg ki, aTeistebis
batonobis dros, cxadia, qarTuli saeklesio samarTlis istoria ar ganviTarebula,
amis gamo kidev ufro dasafasebelia niko maris nafiqri am sferoSi. igi ikvlevda
qarTul saero samarTalsac. n. mari fiqrobda, rom warmarTuli epoqis saqarTveloSi mefe Tavis xelSi aerTianebda saero da sasuliero Zalauflebas. igi amave
dros qurumTuxucesi iyo.156 `qarTuli samarTali da sarwmunoeba adreul ZeglebSi
erTi sityviT gamoixateboda~. mefe pirvandeli iafeturi sazogadoebrivi warmodgeniT RvTis nacvalia, misave qurumi, mRvdeli~.157 n. maris mixedviT qarTuli ena,
misi kultura da eTnosi uZvelesia da mas `saerTo aqvs mTeli kacobriobis
aRorZinebasTan~, man ori anbani Seqmna (xucuri da mxedruli) imis gamo, rom misi
erovnuli sulieri Semoqmedeba ukidures simaRleze iyo atanili.158 anbanis Seqmnas
warmarTobis epoqaSi debda, amiT exmianeboda Teimuraz batoniSvils, romelsac
anton II-is biblioTekaSi upovia wigni `matiane SemecnebaTa~, romlis mixedviTac
qarTvelebs farnavazamde hqoniaT anbani, damwerloba, oRond igi xevisberTa, anu
qurumTa wreSi yofila farulad mosaxmari - es iyo xucuri anbani, igi ebraulis
mixedviT yofila Seqmnili. farnavazs misgan ganuviTarebia mxedruli anbani.159
samarTlis terminologiis dadgenis dros n. mari misula daskvnamde, rom sityva
`sazepuro~ - sparsuli warmoSobisaa (zenduri `visoputra~, aqedan `sepuh~) da
niSnavs `sakuTars~, `sobstvenni~, Semdeg miiRo warCinebulis mniSvneloba. TviTon
`samarTlis~ fuZe `marTalSi~ gamoyo fuZe àrT~ àrta~. Zveli induri àrta~,
`rta~ niSnavda simarTles, siwmindes. Zvel sparsulSi àrta~ (arTa) erqva
RvTaebasac (magram gvaqvs waRmarTi, ukuRmarTi, aRmarTi, daRmarTi, mimarTva,
momarTva da sxva).
aleqsandre vaCeiSvilma 1946-48 wlebSi gamoaqveyna Tavisi naSromi `narkvevebi
qarTuli samarTlis istoriidan~.
al. vaCeiSvilis azriT, ivane javaxiSvilma safuZveli Cauyara
qarTuli
samarTlis istoriis sakiTxebis mecnierul Seswavlas, mohyavs iv. javaxiSvilis
Tvalsazrisi, rom qarTuli samarTlis istoriis Seswavlas abrkolebs qarTuli
iuridiuli Zeglebis kritikulad gadasinjuli da dadgenili teqstebis gamoucemloba.
al. vaCeiSvilis azriT, `Zveli drois saero kanonmdeblobidan Cven xanamde
qarTuli iuridiuli Zeglebi ar Semonaxula~.160 Semonaxulia mxolod erTi
iuridiuli Zeglis nawyveti - `bagrat kurapalatis samarTlis wignidan~, romelic
iv. javaxiSvilis azriT, bagrat III-is xanas, XI s-is damdegs ekuTvnis. ucxoeli
g . n adareiSvili, `n. mari da qar Tul i s amarTl is sakiTxe bi~, g v. 29; 15 7 n . mari, qarTuli
kult uruli ...., mnaTobi, 1925, #5-6, gv. 30 3; 158 mnaTobi, # 4, 1925, gv. 20 8; 159 g. SaraZe , Teimuraz
bagr ationi, cxov reba, 1972, gv. 122; 160 al. vaCeiSvili, narkv evebi q arTuli samar Tlis istoriidan,
t. I, 1946, t. II, 194 8. gv. 6.
156
41
mkvlevaris, karstis SexedulebiT, X-XI ss-Si Sedgenili bagratis kodeqsi xelaxla

gadamuSavebuli da Sevsebuli kanonikuri samarTlis elementebiT da saepiskopososaeklesio samarTlis zegavleniT moTavsebulia aRbuRas kodeqsSi.161 am kodeqsis
daniSnulebaa Seqmnil iqnes Sereuli iurisdiqciis dargi, romelic ganawilebulia
saero xelisuflebasa da eklesias Soris, rac gasagebs xdis kanonikuri samarTlis
im Zlier elements, romelsac vnaxulobT am kanonmdeblobaSi.162
saero xelisuflebis sasjelis garda, kanoni damnaSaves aseve emuqreba saeklesio
xasiaTis sasjeliT (igulisxmeba beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis e.w. `kanonikuri samarTali~), es ukanaskneli ki metad sastiki iyo.163 iv. javaxiSvili ambobs: `SeCvenebuls
veravin miekareboda, aravis ar unda eSvela misTvis, Tund rom gaWirvebuli
yofiliyo, imitom rom vinc ki mas miiRebda, isic wyeul-SeCvenebuli gaxdeboda~.
al. vaCeiSvilis SexedulebiT, bizantiis sakanonmdeblo Zeglebi saqarTvelos
saeklesio
cxovrebaSi
moqmed
samarTlad
iyo
miCneuli. qarTuli
eklesiis
iuridiul normebs Zlieri gavlena hqondaT saero samarTalze. zogierTi saero
samarTlis institutis wyaro saeklesio kanonmdeblobaSi unda veZioT. Zvel
saqarTveloSi, gansakuTrebiT X-XI ss-Si metad farTo iyo saeklesio sasamarTloebis
iurisdiqcia. maT eqvemdebareboda iseTi saqmeebi, romlebic Semdgom saukuneebSi
saero sasamarTloebis xelSi gadavida.164 iv. javaxiSvilis sityviT, `qarTuli
saeklesio samarTlis moqmedebis asparezi wmida saeklesio cxovrebis mowesrigebiT
ar ganisazRvreboda, aramed gacilebiT ufro farTo daniSnuleba da sarbieli
hqonda.165 saeklesio samarTlis Zeglebis gziT aris Semosuli qarTul sasamarTloSi
sxvadasxva iuridiuli cneba. am mxriv saqarTvelo gamonakliss ar warmoadgens,
radgan
imave
movlenas adgili
aqvs dasavleT
evropis xalxTa
iuridiul
166
cxovrebaSi da agreTve rusuli samarTlis istoriaSic~.
al.
vaCeiSvilis
dakvirvebiT, evropeli
mkvlevaris, karstis
SexedulebiT
saqarTveloSi ori umaRlesi xelisuflebis - saeklesio da saeros arsebobam
gamoiwvia umaRlesi iurisdiqciis or dargad dayofa: sasulierod, romelic
ekuTvnoda kaTalikoss da saerod, romelic mefis xelT iyo. ori iurisdiqciis
arsebobas karsti did rols miawers. am faqts, misi sityviT, Tanamedrove
iuristebma ar miaqcies saTanado yuradReba. am dayofas karsti gansakuTrebul
mniSvnelobas aniWebs, radganac sisxlis samarTlis dargi saerTod, principialurad,
kaTalikosis saeklesio kompetenciaSi Sedioda, samoqalaqo iurisdiqciis dargis
saojaxo da saqorwino samarTalic - eklesiis xelSi iyo.167 amiT xsnis karsti im
garemoebas, rom samefo kanoni sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebis ganxilvisas meryeobas
iCens da Cveulebriv maT akuTvnebs kaTalikozis kompetencias, amave faqtSi eZebs
igi imis axsnas, rom kaTalikosTa kanonebi arsebiTad sisxlis samarTlis dargs
ekuTvnian da sikvdiliT dasjas da gaZevebas aweseben. politikuri mosazrebis gamo
kaTalikozi `nebayoflobiT uTmobs~ sisxlis samarTlis iurisdiqciis nawils mefes,
gansakuTrebiT
ganaCenTa
aRsrulebis sferoSi
da
im
dargs, rac
sxeulis
sasjelebTan aris
dakavSirebuli (dasaxiCreba,
asoTmiReba, Tvalebis
daTxra)~.
maSasadame, karstis mtkicebiT, sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebi eqvemdebareboda kaTalikozs,
xolo samoqalaqo samarTlisa, zogierTi gamonaklisiT - mefes. al. vaCeiSvilis
azriT, aseTi daskvna faqtebs, saqmis namdvil viTarebas ar Seesabameba. misi azriT,
Kars t, Code dÀghbougha, Tome II , 1938, p. 5, 6; 162 al. vaCeiSvili, dasax. naSr. , gv. 7; 163 s.
kakabaZe, s julmde beli bagrat kurapalati, 1912; 164 al. vaCeiSvili, narkve vebi q arTuli samar Tlis
isto riidan, I, 194 6, gv. 7; 165 qar Tuli samarTlis istoria, 1928, gv. 18; 166 al. vaCeiSv ili, dasax.
naSr ., gv. 2; 167 iqve , gv. 131; 168 iqv e, gv. 132.
161
42
iurisdiqcias sisxlis samarTlis dargSi Sereuli xasiaTi hqonda.168 orive, rogorc

sasuliero, ise saero marTlmsajulebis ganxorcielebis saqmeSi monawileobda vaxtangis kanonebis zogierTi im muxlis Tanaxmad, sadac erTad aris moxseniebuli
mefisa da kaTalikosis iurisdiqcia.169
iv. surgulaZis SexedulebiT arsebobda danaSaulTa specialuri sfero, romelic
mxolod eklesiis iurisdiqciis sagans Seadgenda (sarwmunoebrivi, zneobrivi da
ojaxuri urTierTobis niadagze warmoSobili danaSauli), magram amave dros saerTo
xasiaTis danaSauls (mkvleloba, qurdoba da sxva) iTvaliswinebs da sjis Tavisi
dadgenilebebiTa da sanqciebiT. amis mizezad mkvlevars miaCnia is faqti, rom
saqarTveloSi eklesia mxars uWers xelisuflebas da TanamSromlobs danaSaulis
devnasa da dasjaSi.170
`saeklesio samarTali, rogorc saqarTvelos saxelmwifo cxovrebaSi bizantiis
gavlenis Semomtani da gamomsaxveli, sisxlis samarTlis dargSi ueWvelad sajaro
sawyisebs icavda... romlis Tanaxmad, damnaSave unda daisajos ara dazaralebuli
piris, aramed saxelmwifos interesebis dasakmayofileblad... kaTalikozTa samarTalSi sasjeli swored sajaro safuZvelzea agebuli~.171
al. vaCeiSvilis SexedulebiT, eklesia Zlier politikur da ideologiur
gavlenas axdenda mTel imdroindel sazogadoebriv urTierTobebsa da yofacxovrebaze, sazogadoebis msoflmxedveloba, kultura, zne-Cveuleba da samarTali
religiuri suliskveTebiT iyo gamsWvaluli. zogierT qveyanaSi eklesia aRwevda
kidec politikur
upiratesobas. eklesiis
Zlieri politikuri
mdgomareobis
Sesabamisad misi iurisdiqciac farTo iyo. XII s-saTvis eklesiam safrangeTSi
moipova vrceli kompetencia, mas eqvemdebareboda sisxlis samarTlis da aseve
samoqalaqo saqmeebi, Tumca zogjer paralelurad saero xelisuflebis organoebTan.171 amis mizezad al. vaCeiSvils miaCnia saxelmwifo xelisuflebis daknineba,
saxelmwifos ideis dasusteba, meore mizezad Tvlian imas, rom sazogadoebrivi
azri eklesiis sasamarTloTa mxareze iyo, isini udavod ufro maRla idgnen,
vidre saero xasiaTis sasamarTloebi. eklesia Zalian farTod avrcelebda Tavis
iurisdiqcias saero pirebze.
saqarTveloSi eklesias gaaCnda farTo iurisdiqcia sxvadasxva sakiTxSi.172 vaxtang
VI-is samarTlis wignis 61-e muxlidan Cans, rom kaTalikosis kompetencia
gansazRvruli iyo sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebSi. sxva zogierT muxlSi laparakia
eklesiis sasamarTlo kompetenciaze (muxli 24, 62, 64, 65, 66, 78, 79, 81, 82,
95, 96, 97, 155, 262). zogierTi muxlis Tanaxmad, saqmis ganxilvis ufleba
ekuTvnis mxolod
kaTalikoss,
zogierT
muxlSi kanonmdebeli
iTvaliswinebs
kaTalikosis da mefis SeerTebul iurisdiqcias (igulisxmeba vaxtang VI-is kanonebi).
beqas kanonebidan gamomdinare, karstis SexedulebiT, mawyvereli araa mxolod
saaTabagos uzenaesi pontifi, igi imave dros saero batonia, romelic inawilebs
aTabagTan sakanonmdeblo da umaRles xelisuflebas, mis iurisdiqcias ekuTvnis 1.
Ralati; 2. SebrZolebani da Tavdasxmebi feodalebs Soris, sadac mawyverels
hqonda Carevis da arbitraJis ufleba, romelsac igi iyenebda vetos dadebis da
zavis Camogdebis gziT; 3. mZime danaSaulni, Cadenilni erTi da imave ojaxis
an
gvaris wevrebs Soris; 4. saojaxo, saqorwino
da
memkvidreobis anu
kanonikuri, sasamarTloebi, romlebic mawyverels eqvemdebarebian.
al. vaCeiSvili, dasax. naSr., gv. 134; 17 0 iqv e, gv. 35; 17 1 al. vaCeiSvili, n arkvev ebi qar Tuli
samarTlis istoriidan, t. II, 1948, gv. 4 9; 17 2 iqv e, gv. 51.
169
43
al. vaCeiSvilis SexedulebiT karstis mier gamoTqmuli azri gadaWarbebuli

araa da istoriul sinamdviles Seesabameba. karsti laparakobs mawyverelze, magram
es Seexeba saerTod qarTuli eklesiis iurisdiqcias, mis mdgomareobasa da uflebebs
marTlmsajulebis dargSi, am mxriv saaTabagoSi miRebuli saeklesio cxovrebis
wesebi da eklesiis privilegiebi qarTuli eklesiis privilegirebuli mdgomareobis
gamomxatveli iyo.173
iv. surgulaZe `narkvevebi saqarTvelos saxelmwifosa da samarTlis istoriidan~
ganixilavs saeklesio gadasaxdelebs. Zlier gavrcelebuli sayovelTao saeklesio
gadasaxadi
iyo drama,
àm gadasaxdelis
Sinaarsi mdgomareobda
garkveuli
raodenobis xorbleulis gadasaxdelSi. XVII-XVIII ss-Si drama fulidan produqtebis
gadasaxdelad gadaiqca~.174 sxva gadasaxdeli iyo `sakanono~. mas eklesia iRebda
damnaSavisagan. `saeklesio sasamarTlos eqvemdebareboda garkveuli sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebi~,174
magaliTad,
erTi
cnobiT,
mkvlel
damnaSaves
gadaaxdevines
sakanonod erTi xari, jvardauwerel qmars - ori xari da sxva. uziareblad
gardacvalebisas Wirisuflis sakanono iyo erTi xari. mesame gadasaxdeli iyo
`niSani~ - esaa gamosaRebi, romelsac eklesiis msaxurni iRebdnen vismes gardacvalebis SemTxvevaSi.175 mas ixdida mosaxleobis yvela fena episkoposis sasargeblod. amis
garda, sxvadasxva wesis Sesrulebisas monaTvla - gvirgvinis kurTxeva, gardacvalebisas - ixdidnen morwmuneni.176
iv. surgulaZe naSromSi `qarTuli samarTlis istoriis wyaroebi~, exeba
xevsureTSi SemorCenil wess, roca mniSvnelovani saqmis garCevis dros ganaCenis,
an gadawyvetilebis gamosatanad mimarTavdnen `bWes~, an `rjulis kacs~ - aseTi
`rjulis kacebi~ mravalia xevsureTis sxvadasxva sofelSi. `rjulis kaci~ WkuagonebiT saxelganTqmuli xnieri kacia, cnobilia, viTarca Cvevebis didi mcodne. Tu
saqme mniSvnelovani iyo da imave dros aseTi saqmis Sesaxeb garkveuli wesi ar
axsovdaT, an sakiTxi sadavo iyo, maSin `rjulis kacebs~ iwvevdnen xevsureTis
yvela soflidan da isini erTad Sekrebilni arCevdnen saqmes. es wesi,177 romelic
SemorCa xevsureTSi, Zvel saqarTveloSi odesRac arsebuli wesrigis anarekli unda
iyos. TviT sityva `rjulis kaci~, igivea, rac Zveli qarTuli `merCule~,
`merjule~, rjulis, e.i. kanonis, wesis mcodne. merCuleTa, anu `rjulis kacTa~
erTad Sekreba albaT anareklia krebisa, sasamarTlo Sekrebisa, anu Tu gnebavT
saeklesio krebisa, radganac `rjuli~, swored saeklesio sferos ganekuTvneba,
Tumca ZvelqarTulad rjuli
igivea, rac kanoni, wesi,
romlis
damcveli
yovelTvis eklesia iyo.
iv. surgulaZe aRniSnavs, rom `saeklesio Sinaarsis Zeglebs qristianul
qveynebSi, da kerZod, saqarTveloSi moqmedi samarTlis mniSvneloba hqondaT. aseTi
Zeglebi orgvaria: msoflio saeklesio krebebis kanonmdebloba, romlebic gadmoTargmnili iyo qarTulad da qarTuli, e.i. adgilobrivi saeklesio krebebis
dadgenilebani. saeklesio Sinaarsis Zeglebi qarTuli saxelmwifosa da samarTlis
istoriis SemswavlelTaTvis
mravalmxriv aris
sayuradRebo: maTSi
moipoveba
saintereso masala saxelmwifo samarTlis, sisxlisa da samoqalaqo samarTlis
institutebis Sesaxeb. am Zeglebis saSualebiT SeiZleba gaTvaliswinebul iqnes
saxelmwifosa da eklesiis damokidebulebis sakiTxebi, gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania
es Zeglebi saojaxo samarTlis institutebis Sesaswavlad, radganac, rogorc
cnobilia, eklesia saojaxo sakiTxebis mimarT gansakuTrebul interess iCenda.
al. vaCeiSvili, dasax. naSr., gv. 55; 17 4 iv. surgulaZe, qarTuli samar Tlis is toriis wyaro ebi,
1984 , gv. 221; 17 5 iqve , gv. 222; 17 6 iqve , gv. 220; 17 7 iqv e, gv. 12.
17 3
44
qarTuli samarTlis istoriis Seswavlis TvalsazrisiT, gansakuTrebiT, mniSvnelovania adgilobrivi, qarTuli saeklesio krebebis dadgenilebani. saeklesio sasamarTlos eqvemdebareboda zogierTi saero Sinaarsis saqme qorwinebis, gayris, colqmarTa damokidebulebisa da sxv. amasTanave, sisxlis samarTlis zogierTi saqme,
saero sasamarTlo sasjelis garda, damatebiTi saxiT, saeklesio sasamarTlos
sasjelsac iwvevda. amasTanave, eklesia garkveul urTierTobaSi imyofeboda samefo
xelisuflebasTan: hyavda jari, moxeleebi, hqonda Tavisi droSa da sxv.~.178
iv. surgulaZis azriT - `kanons _ Zvel qarTulSi sjuli ewodeboda.
tipikonSi gvxvdeba termini `Sjulis-deba~ e.i. sjuldeba,179 romliTac aRiniSneba
gangeba, wesdeba, TviT tipikoni. samefo xelisuflebis mier Sedgenil kanonebs _
sjuldeba erqva.180
`beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis wignis e.w. `danarTi muxlebis~ raobisa da mniSvnelobis garkvevis sakiTxi... sakuTriv beqa-aRbuRas samarTali Sedgeba 98 muxlisagan
(aqedan beqas ekuTvnis 65, aRbuRas - 33 muxli), am samarTals vaxtangiseul
nusxaSi axlavs 72 e.w. `danarTi muxli~, romelTagan 62 muxli (99-160),
ukanaskneli gamokvlevebiT, miCneulia bagrat kurapalatis samarTlad, xolo 10
muxli (161-170) _ kanonikuri samarTlis fragmentad. qarTul istoriografiaSi,
amJamad, gabatonebulia Tvalsazrisi, romlis mixedviT es 72 muxli TiTqos
SecdomiT aris darTuli beqa-aRbuRas samarTalze da, maSasadame, ar warmoadgens
beqa-aRbuRas saxeliT cnobili Zeglis nawils... Tvalsazrisi, TiTqos zemoT
xsenebuli 72 muxli SecdomiT iyo darTuli beqa-aRbuRas samarTalze, swori ar
aris - aseve mcdaria azri, TiTqos danarTi muxlebis ZiriTadi nawili (99-160)
marto bagrat kurapalatis samarTals warmoadgendes~.181
z. ratiani aRniSnavs, rom beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis wignis danarTi muxlis
arseboba pirvelad iv. javaxiSvilma SeniSna. manve gamoTqva mosazreba, TiTqos es
muxlebi `SemTxveviT da SecdomiT~ iyos darTuli beqa-aRbuRas samarTalze. i.
doliZis azriT, am muxlebis damateba unda mieweros vaxtang mefis sakodifikacio
komisias.182 frangi mecnieris a. karstis SexedulebiT, bagratis kodeqsi Sedga XXI ss-Si, Semdegi redaqcia mas gaukeTa daviT aRmaSenebelma, SemdgomSi es bolo
redaqcia gadamuSavda da Seivso saepiskopos-saeklesio samarTlis mcodneTa mier da
moTavsda aRbuRas kodeqsSi. z. ratiani aRniSnavs, rom karsts Tavisi Tvalsazrisi
dasabuTebuli ara aqvs. z. ratiani gamoricxavs imis SesaZleblobas, rom vaxtang
VI-is swavlul kacTa komisias daeSva Secdoma da beqa-aRbuRas kanonebisaTvis
miewera e.w. danarTi muxlebi.183 z. ratiani askvnis, rom e.w. danarTi muxlebi
sinamdvileSi warmoadgens beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis organul nawils, romelnic
avseben da srulyofen mas.184 z. ratians mohyavs aRniSnuli `danarTi muxlebis~
SesavalSi arsebuli winadadeba - `saxeliTa RmrTisaYTa daiwyebis saRmrToYsa
gaCenili da gasaCeneli, pirvelad daviTian bagrat kurapalatisa da aRmaSenebelTa
mefeT-mefeTa brZanebiTa da merme ebiskoposTa didebulTa da aznaurTa da WkuianTa
kacTa mefeTa winaSe erTbamad gaCenili gangebiTa RmrTisaYTa~.
aq naxsenebi àRmaSenebelTa mefeT-mefeTa brZanebiTa~ z. ratians ganmartebuli
aqvs, TiTqosda, saubaria daviT aRmaSenebelze,185 sinamdvileSi ki, aq saubaria ara
erT àRmaSenebel~ mefeze, aramed mraval àRmaSenebel~ mefeze. aRmaSenebeli ar
iv. surgulaZe, dasax. naSr., gv. 14; 17 9 ak. SaniZ e, qarT velTa monaste ri bulg areTSi, 1971, gv.
124-125, le qsikon i; 180 iv. surgulaZe, dasax. naSr., gv. 14 3; 181 z. ratian i `saqarTvelos socialuri
wyob a XII-XIV saukuneeb Si~, 1970, gv . 23-24; 182 i. doliZe, Zveli qarTuli samarT ali, Tb . 1953, gv.
42; 183 z. ratiani, dasax . naSr. , gv. 28; 184 iqv e, gv. 30; 185 iqv e, gv. 40.
17 8
45
ewodeboda mxolod daviT aRmaSenebels, aramed yvela keTilmorwmune, qveynis

maSenebel mefes, aseTni ki mravalni iyvnen aRmavlobis gzaze mdgar taoklarjeTis `qarTvelTa
samefosa~ da
saqarTvelos sxva adgilobriv
samefo
erTeulebSi, Tu aras vityviT gaerTianebuli saqarTvelos pirvel mefeebze. aq
àRmaSenebel mefeebSi~ unda igulisxmebodes bagrat kurapalatis (IX s) Semdgomi
mefeebi, romelnic arabTa mier ganadgurebuli qveynis marTlac rom aRmaSenebelni
iyvnen. ase rom, aq daviT aRmaSenebeli ar unda igulisxmebodes.
z. ratiani gamoTqvams mosazrebas, rom monRolTa Semosevebis dros `yvelaze
naklebad eklesia dazianda~.186 amitomac, Tavisi mdgomareobis SenarCunebis mizniT,
saeklesio pirebis mier moxda bagrat-daviTis samarTlis axali redaqcia monRolTa
Semosevis momdevno periodSi, 1249-1316 wlebSi. is `gaZlierebulma samRvdeloebam
Tavisi interesebis Sesaferisad gadaakeTa~.187 es mosazreba usafuZvloa. z. ratiani
samarTlianad SeniSnavs, rom beqa-aRbuRas samarTals Zvel saqarTveloSi `beqasagan
ganaCeni samarTali~ ewodeboda. z. ratiani yuradRebas apyrobs samcxis samTavros
uzenaes sasuliero xelisufals - mawyverel-episkoposs. aRniSnavs, rom `faqtiurad
mawyverelis gavlena arcTu Camouvardeba, aramed aWarbebs kidec mTavris gavlenas~.188
`samarTlidan Cans, rom mawyverelis sisxli iseve araa gansazRvruli, rogorc
aTabagisa, maSasadame, oriveni kanonze maRla dganan, rogorc uzenaesi xelisufalni.
aTabagi umaRlesi saero xelisufalia, mawyvereli - umaRlesi sasuliero xelisufali. rogorc aTabagi ar scnobs mefis xelisuflebas, aseve mawyvereli ar scnobs
kaTalikosis xelisuflebas~.188
`samarTlidan Cans, rom mawyvereli ara marto sasuliero saqmeebs ganagebda,
aramed saerosac, rasac ukve pirvelive muxli gvimowmebs. gamodis, rom mawyverelis
xelisufleba ufro vrceli iyo, vidre aTabagisa, radgan aTabagi mxolod saero
gamgebelia, mawyvereli ki, garda Tavisi ZiriTadi, sasuliero moRvaweobisa, saero
saqmeebSic
ereoda~.188 z. ratiani aRniSnavs, `kanons warmoudgenlad
miaCnia
moZRvris Sepyroba (episkoposze rom araferi vTqvaT) ... sakuTriv mRvdeli da
monazoni, viTarca sasuliero pirni, maRla dganan maT saero moZmeebze~.189
g. nadareiSvili friad sayuradRebosa da swors uwodebs iv. javaxiSvilis
mosazrebas, rom `qarTuli saeklesio samarTali marto SinaarsiT ki ar iyo
saeklesio, aramed warmomdinareobiTac. am mxriv, qarTuli saeklesio samarTali
ufro romis kaTolikeTa eklesiis `Corpus iuris cononici~-is miagavs, vidre aRmosavleTis eklesiis, berZenTa da rusTa saeklesio samarTals, imgvaradve, rogorc
qarTuli eklesia Tavisi wes-wyobilebiT bevri TvisebiT ufro romis saSualo
saukuneebis eklesias miagavda, vidre erTmorwmune berZenTa da rusTa eklesiebs~.190
g. nadareiSvili SeniSnavs, rom `qarTuli feodaluri wyobileba~ analogiuria
ufro dasavlur-evropulisa, vidre musulmanur-aRmosavlurisa. aseve saSualo
saukuneebis qarTuli saojaxo samarTalic met siaxloves amJRavnebs evropis
qveynebis saojaxo samarTlis institutebTan~.191
g. nadareiSvili saojaxo-saqorwino urTierTobis sakiTxebze didi mniSvnelobis
wyarod miiCnevs mociqulebisa, msoflio da adgilobriv krebaTa kanonebs. aseve
berZnulidan SerCeviT Targmnil kanonikuri samarTlis Zeglebs... `basili makedonelis
z. ratiani, dasax . naSr. , gv. 4 4; 187 iqv e, gv. 4 9; 188 iqv e, gv. 61; 189 iqv e, gv. 64; 19 0 iv. javaxiSv ili,
qarT uli samarTlis istor ia, wig ni I, tf., 1928, gv . 18-19; 19 1 g. nadareiSvili, qarTul i samar Tlis
isto riis n arkveve bi, 197 1, gv. 16.
186
46
proxironis meSvide tituli, romelic naTesaobis xarisxs exeba, saqarTveloSi moqmed

sakanonmdeblo normad unda CaiTvalos. aseve moqmed an nawilobriv moqmed samarTlad
unda CaiTvalos vaxtangis krebulSi Sesuli e.w. `berZnuli kanonebi~, romlebic maTe
blastaris sintagmas armenopulos eqvs wignTagan Sevsebuls unda warmoadgendes~.192
`gacilebiT ufro didi mniSvnelobis wyarod unda CaiTvalos qarTuli
adgilobrivi saeklesio krebebis dadgenilebebi, kaTalikos-patriarqTa epistoleebi,
samarTlis wignebi da sasamarTlo praqtika, agreTve naratiuli wyaroebi... Sua
saukuneebis saqarTveloSi specialuri saxelmwifo sakanonmdeblo organo ar
arsebobda. erTaderTi kanonmdebeli iyo mefe... aseve saeklesio krebebic mefeTa
dasturiT da mis moxeleTa monawileobiTve eweodnen sakanonmdeblo saqmianobas~.193
1975 wels gamoqveynda qarTuli kanonikuri samarTlis mniSvnelovani Zegli
`didi sjuliskanoni~, Tavis dros Targmnili arsen iyalToelis mier. mis
winasityvaobaSi enriko
gabiZaSvili wers saqarTvelos adgilobriv krebebTan
dakavSirebiT: `qarTuli eklesiis istoria misi uZvelesi periodidanve Zneli
warmosadgenia adgilobrivi saeklesio krebebis gareSe, xolo adgilobrivi krebebi,
imisda mixedviT, Tu ra rangisa iqnebodnen isini - kanonmdeblobis gareSe.
marTalia, yvela adgilobrivi kreba saeklesio kanonmdeblobas ar iTvaliswinebda
da mxolod eklesiis mimdinare wvrilmani sakiTxebis gadawyvetiT kmayofildeboda~,194 miuxedavad saqarTvelos xangrZlivi saeklesio istoriisa, òriginaluri
kanonikuri mwerlobis arc erT Zegls Cvenamde ar mouRwevia XII s-is dasawyisamde.
bednier gamonaklisad ruis-urbnisis 1105 w. saeklesio krebis Zegliswera unda
CaiTvalos, romelic ramdenime nusxiTaa Semonaxuli... rac Seexeba saeklesio
kanonmdeblobis naTargmn Zeglebs, arc amiTaa mdidari Zveli qarTuli mwerloba.
X s-mde, qarTul enaze ar SemogvrCenia aramcTu raime Targmnili kanonikuri
krebuli, aramed kanonikuri xasiaTis statiac ki.195
e. gabiZaSvili eTanxmeba iv. javaxiSvils, rom XII s-mdec unda arsebuliyo
saqarTvelos saeklesio krebaTa mier gamocemuli Sesabamisi dadgenilebani da
ganCinebani werilobiTi saxiT gadmocemulni, magram dRemde maT ar mouRweviaT
- `krebaTa aqtebi anu `Zegliswera~, iseve rogorc sxva saeklesio krebaTa
dadgenilebani, romelTa Sesaxeb ubralo cnobebic ki ar gvaqvs, dReisaTvis
dakargulad unda miviCnioT~.195
e. gabiZaSvili ar eTanxmeba iv. javaxiSvils, romelic fiqrobda, rom VII sis dasawyisSi, èpistoleTa wignis~ mixedviT kirionma III epistoles Tanaxmad
specialurad Targmna da somex mRvdelmTavrebs gaugzavna òTxTa krebaTa wignebi~,
rac miuTiTebs, rom `VI-VII ss-Si saqarTvelos eklesias msoflio krebebis ZeglisweraTa wigni hqonia, da amgvarad, qarTuli kanonikuri mwerloba, am SemTxvevaSi
msoflio eklesiis kanonebis saxiT, mainc arsebobda, rasakvirvelia, adgilobrivi
krebebis ZeglisweraTa wignebic iqneboda~.196 e. gabiZaSvili eTanxmeba k. kekeliZes,
romlis azriTac, èpistoleTa wignis cnobaSi saubari pirveli oTxi msoflio krebis
sarwmunoebis simbolos exeba, `miT umetes, rom nikeis I da konstantinopolis II
msoflio krebaTa aqtebi, krebis sxdomaTa zustad Cawerili oqmebi, rogoric yvela
sxva msoflio krebis Sesaxeb gvaqvs, saerTod ar unda arsebuliyo~.197
g. nadareiSv ili, dasax . naSr., g v. 17 ; 19 3 iq ve, g v. 18; 19 4 `didi sjulisk anon i~ g amos acemad
moamzades e. gabiZaSvil ma, e. giunaSvilma, m. dol aqiZem, g. ninuam, T bilisi, 1975, gv. 12; 19 5 iq ve,
gv. 13; 19 6 iv. javaxiSvili, qarTuli samarTlis istoria, I, Tbilisi, 1928, gv. 26-28; 19 7 `didi
sjuliskanoni~, gv. 14., Cvbhyjd R&^ J,jphtybt bcnjxybrjd&
19 2
47
e. gabiZaSvilis azriT, saqarTveloSi kanonikur mwerlobas safuZveli Caeyara

eqvTime mTawmidelis
mTargmnelobiTi moRvaweobis
Sedegad. marTalia,
iqamde
grigol oSkels (X s. dasawyisi) somxuridan uTargmnia grigol nazianzelis erTi
Txzuleba, romelsac garkveuli kavSiri hqonda I da II msoflio krebebze
arianelTa sakiTxis irgvliv ganviTarebul kamaTTan, magram igi e. gabiZaSvils
mainc miaCnia ara kanonikuri literaturis Zeglad, aramed dogmatikur-polemikurad da fiqrobs, rom pirveli kanonikuri krebuli `mcire rCuliskanoni~
eqvTime mTawmidelma Seadgina berZnulidan Targmnili sxvadasxva kanonikuri statiis
safuZvelze, qarTuli eklesiis praqtikuli saWiroebisaTvis. krebulSi Sesuli: 1.
`wesi da gangeba da rCuliskanoni meeqvsisa krebisa~, warmoadgens trulis 691 wlis
krebis saxecvlil krebuls. 2. `kanoni SecodebulTani~, avtorad ioane mmarxveli
(konstantinopolis V s. mTavarepiskoposi) aris dasaxelebuli, rac simarTles ar
Seefereba, vinaidan Zegli VIII-IX ss-Si Seqmnilad aris miCneuli. 3. `kanoni dRiTidReTa cTomaTani~, romlis avtorad basilia dasaxelebuli, kidev ufro gviandeli
unda iyos.
4. `Zegliswera~
sarwmunoebisa, romeli aRwers wmidaTa
mamaTa
konstantinopoles SekrebilTa, wmidaTa xatTa TayvaniscemisaTvis~.198
e. gabiZaSvilis daskvniT, eqvTimes es naSromi warmoadgens Tavisebur kanonikur
krebuls, Sedgenils trulis 691 wlis krebis kanonebisa da basili didis kanonebis
safuZvelze, romelsac damatebuli aqvs TviT mTargmnelis mier sxvadasxva wyaros
mixedviT Sedgenili kanonebic, maT Soris qarTuli da somxuri eklesiebis Sesaxebac.199
samarTlis sferoSi, aRniSnulis garda, eqvTimes dauweria kanonikur-liturgikuli
Sroma, romelSic ganmartebulia disciplinaruli xasiaTis sxvadasxva sakiTxi.
Txzuleba warmoadgens pasuxs giorgi beris SekiTxvaze, romelic mas Wyondididan
eqvTimesaTvis gaugzavnia.200 e. gabiZaSvili wers, rom eqvTimes garda zemoaRniSnulisa, uTargmnia `mcneba da gangeba msoflioTa xucesTa berZnuli, romeli
gardmosca qarTulad didma efTvimi~.201
giorgi mTawmidels uTargmnia Txzuleba `mcneba mRvdelTa mimarT~, `mcneba
wmidisa Jamiswirvisa mimarT, raTa ara wirviden dResa Sina orgzis, aramed
erTgzis~. e. gabiZaSvilis azriT, SesaZloa giorgi mTawmidelma agreTve Targmna
III msoflio krebis irgvliv Seqmnili epistolaruli memkvidreobis nawili,
romelsac Cvenamde ar mouRwevia. igi eTanxmeba k. kekeliZes, rom giorgi
mTawmidelis redaqtors an gadamwers Secdoma mouvida da mas miaweres `wigni
meeqvsisa krebisas~ Targmna, agreTve aRniSnavs, rom marTalia, qarTul naTargmn
literaturaSi bevri Txzuleba Seexeba saeklesio krebaTa istorias da dogmatikur
sakiTxebs, magram maT kanonikur mwerlobasTan mxolod zogadi Sexeba aqvs (nawili
maTi Tavmoyrilia arsen iyalToelis `dogmatikonSi~).202
`did sjuliskanonTan~ dakavSirebiT, e. gabiZaSvilis azriT, arsen iyalToelis
mier Targmnili aRniSnuli krebuli berZnuli 14-titlovani nomokanonis ZiriTadi kanonikuri kodeqsis erTaderTi Targmania qarTulad da es Zegli arc
manamde da arc Semdeg ar yofila gadmoRebuli.203
e. gabiZaSvilis azriT, arsen iyalToelma `didi
wlamde, ruis-urbnisis krebis mowvevamde, radganac
sjuliskanoni~ Targmna 1105

krebis `Zeglisweras~ didi
am k re b ul is Se saxe b dawv rile biT ixil eT `mc ire s j ul is kan on i~, g amos ace mad moamz ada e .
giun aSvilma, Tb. , 1973; 19 9 didi sjul iskano ni, Ses avali, gv. 15; 200 qar Tuli s amarTlis Zegl ebi,
III, 1970 , gv . 5-18; 201 q ronikeb i gamoc emuli T . J ordanias mier, II, 1897, gv. 82-83; 202 didi
sjul iskanon i, 1975, gv. 16; 203 iqv e, gv. 19.
19 8
48
sjuliskanonis qarTuli Targmanis kvali atyvia.204 misi Targmna ruis-urbnisis

krebis
mzadebasTan
yofila
dakavSirebuli.
amitom
misi
Targmna XI
s-is
205
miwurulSi, an XII s-is pirvel naxevarSi aris savaraudebeli.
arsen iyalToels
SeurCevia nomokanonis is redaqcia, romelic qristianulma eklesiam 920 wlis
konstantinopolis erT-erT udides krebaze oficialur kanonikur kodeqsad aRiara.
e. gabiZaSvilis azriT, termini `sjuliskanoni~ ar aris `nomokanonis~ Targmani.
`nomos~, misi azriT, qarTulad ar udris `sjuls~. sjuli aq sarwmunoebrivi
samarTlis mniSvnelobas unda gulisxmobdes.206
e. gabiZaSvili xangrZlivi kvleviT askvnis, rom ruis-urbnisis `Zeglisweris~
erT-erTi ZiriTadi wyaro `didi sjuliskanonia~207 da Sedgenil iqna am krebis
mowvevamde. misi azriT, ruis-urbnisis kreba mowveul iqna ara 1103 wels, aramed
1105 wels, Tumca vaxuSti miuTiTebs 1103 wels, anu qarTuli qoronikonis 323
wels.208 e. gabiZaSvils mohyavs
Tavisi angariSi
am krebis mowvevisa, rac
209
damajereblad ar gveCvena.
saqarTvelos eklesiis istoriis cnobil mkvlevars babilina lominaZes mravali
naSromi aqvs Cveni eklesiis istoriis calkeuli periodebisa. maTSi uxvad aris
gabneuli mniSvnelovani mosazrebani saeklesio samarTlis Sesaxebac. gansakuTrebiT
aRsaniSnavia babilina lominaZis gamokvleva - àfxazeTis sakaTalikosos sinodis
mier miRebuli kanonebi (XVI s.)~.
misi gamokvlevis Tanaxmad, es e.w. `kaTalikosTa samarTalis~ saxeliT cnobili
saeklesio-iuridiuli Zegli gamosca dasavleT saqarTvelos, anu afxazeTis sakaTalikosos saeklesio krebam (mas mkvlevari `sinods~ uwodebs), afxazeTis kaTalikosis
evdemon CxetiZis dros (1557-1578 ww.). am saeklesio krebam `SeimuSava kanonebi
mosaxleobaSi darRveuli samoqalaqo da saeklesio wesebis aRsadgenad~.210
babilina lominaZis azriT, `krebis mowvevis dros saqarTvelo mZime sagareo
da saSinao mdgomareobaSi imyofeboda... qveyanas Zirs uTxrida tyveTa syidva
(romlis bazari TurqeTSi iyo, umetesad, afxazeTis meSveobiT). mosaxleobaSi,
gansakuTrebiT afxazeTSi, qristianuli `rjulis garyvna~ am droisaTvis TiTqmis
masobrivi gaxda, radgan yovelmxriv dauZlurebul bars mieZala mTieli mosaxleoba
(adgilobrivi da Crdilo kavkasiidan gadmosulebi), romlebmac Tan moitanes naxevrad
warmarTuli qristianoba... yovelive am Znelbedobam daarRvia mosaxleobis samoqalaqo
da saeklesio cxovrebis wesrigi~.210
`xsenebuli krebis mier SemuSavebuli kanonebi da windarTuli Sesavali
reliefurad gvamcnobs, Tu saxeldobr ra saxis ùwesobani~ yofila mosaxleobaSi
gavrcelebuli. SesavalSi naTqvamia (mogvaqvs SemoklebiT): `me.... yovlisa saqarTvelosa
kaTalikozman patriarqman malaqia, me... afxazeTisa kaTalikozman mamaTmTavarman
evdemon, davsxediT da SevkribeniT yovelni episkoposni afxazeTisani da didi
siymili movida codvaTa CuenTagan, mravali uwesoba da ujero saqme Semovida:
kacis kvla, kacis syidva, eklesiis krexva da uxvedroba. davideviT sjuliskanoni...
da sjulis kanonica asre brZanebs~.211
`garda zemoxsenebuli ori kaTalikosisa, krebas eswreboda yvela episkoposi
dasavleT saqarTvelodan (àfxazeTidan~) - sul aTi: quTaTeli mitropoliti
didi sj ul isk ano ni, 19 75, g v. 20; 20 5 iqve , g v. 21; 20 6 iqve , g v. 23; 20 7 iqve , g v. 78; 20 8 v .
baton iSv ili, saq arT vel os ist oria, 1885, gv . 174; 20 9 didi sj ul isk ano ni, 19 75, g v. 80; 21 0 J ur n.
`g elaT is mecniereb aTa akademiis uwyeb ani~, # 2, 1996, gv. 57; 21 1 b. lominaZ e, àfxazeTis sakaTaliko sos
sino dis mier miRe buli k an one bi ( XVI) ~; Jurn . `g el aTis me cn ie re baT a ak ademiis uwyeb an i~ # 2;
19 96 w. gv . 57.
20 4
49
svimoni, gelaTeli mTavarepiskoposi antoni, mama Wyondideli, bedieli mitropoliti, moqveli mTavarepiskoposi, drandeli mitropoliti filipe, cagareli mamamTavari kozman, xoneli mTavarepiskoposi zaqaria, nikorwmindeli episkoposi iovakim,
CaiSeli mamamTavari kirile. am pirebs daumtkicebiaT krebis oqmi xelis moweriT
boloSi `kanoniTa vamtkiceb~. damswreTa raodenoba 12 akmayofilebda krebis
kanonikur wess~.212
b. lominaZe wers,: `krebam SeimuSava metad mkacri sasjelebi, romlebic
gaaforma daaxloebiT 23-e muxlSi (kanonSi). `samarTali~ umaRlesi fizikuri
sasjelisagan (sikvdilisagan) ar indobs kacis gamyidvels, romel wodebasac ar
unda ekuTvnodes is. tyvis gamyidveli Tu ver daabrunebs da gamoixsnis tyves,
`veram saqmem ver ixsnas, ukanonodca ars, - Zels mieces~ (CamoxrCobil iqnes), Tu
gamoixsnis tyvis gamyidveli, maSin `SeCvenebul iyos~ (muxli 1). `vinc eklesia
gatexos da xati gaZarcos, ukanonod Zels mieces~ (muxli 2) aq or SemTxvevaSi
miTiTeba ùkanonod~ imas niSnavs, rom damnaSavis sikvdiliT dasja Sesruldes
sakanonos gareSe, e.i. damnaSaves aRsarebis (sinanulis) da ziarebis miRebis ufleba
(mRvdlis winaSe) warTmeuli aqvs~.213
ìs faqti, rom aseTi ganaCeni iSviaTia TviT am `samarTalSic~, mowmobs aseTi
danaSaulis sixSires. misi simkacre imaSi mdgomareobs, rom damnaSave ispoba
aramarto fizikurad, aramed suliTac, romlis xsna sruliad aRar SeiZleba (is
ver moxvdeba sasufevelSi). sikvdiliT dasja Sefardebuli iyo mefis RalatisaTvis
(muxli 16), colis `dagdebisaTvis~ bralis gareSe (muxli 23), qristianuli
Cveulebis darRvevisaTvis, rogoric iyo rZlis colad SerTva, dawesebulia
SeCveneba, amasTanave, SesaZleblad sanqcirebulia orives, kacisa da qalis `dakirva~
(muxli 22). `samarTalSi~ sxvadasxva
fizikuri sasjelebi gaTvaliswinebulia
sisxlis Semdegi danaSaulebebisaTvis: Zmisa da mamis mkvlelisaTvis xelis moWra
(muxli 4); udanaSaulod kacis mokvlisaTvis dawesebulia jarima - sisxlis fasi
mixedviT
imisa,
Tu romel
wodebas ekuTvnis
mokluli (muxli
5); aseve
dawesebulia jarima qurdobisaTvis (muxli 6)~ (Jurn. `gelaTis mecnierebaTa
akademiis uwyebani~).214
èklesiebisa da monastrebis adgil-mamulebis dacvisaTvis `samarTalSi Setanilia muxli, romlis Tanaxmad, vinc miiTvisebs saydris sofels, venaxs da a.S.
`SeCvenebul iyos~ (muxli 20); vinc eklesiaSi Seva da `saqonels~ gamoitans, man
unda daabrunos saqoneli da amis Camdeni `daSavdes~ (aq igulisxmeba materialuri
an fizikuri sasjeli) (muxli 3)~.214
`sakaTalikoso kreba SeebrZola adgilebze episkoposisagan saeklesio wesebis
darRvevebs, rogoric iyo uRirsi mRvdlis da diakonis xeldasxma, amisaTvis
qrTamis aReba; rom episkoposebi TavianT samwysoSi drodadro ar dadian rjulis
saqmeebis mosawesrigeblad, saydars ar uvlian, ar zrunaven misTvis mamulebis
SematebisaTvis; saydris `SekazmisaTvis~ saWiro inventariT; zogierT saepiskoposoSi
ziarebas saero kacis xeliT agzavnian, an saero pirebi aziareben. yvela am
danaSaulisaTvis `samarTali~ awesebs episkoposis `SeCvenebas~ (muxlebi: 7, 8, 9,
10, 11); episkoposi, romelic ar gaigonebs kaTalikosis mxilebas mis danaSaulSi
da ar gamoswordeba, mefis mier gaiZeveba saydridan (muxli 15). (aqedan Cans,
rom saepiskoposo kaTedras mRvdelmTavars aZlevs mefe da ara kaTalikosi).
iqv e, gv. 57-58; 213 iqv e, gv. 58; 214 i. doliZe , qarTuli samarTlis Zegleb i, t. I, 1963, gv. 391;
Jurn . `gel aTis me cniereb aTa ak ademiis uwyeb ani~ #2; 1996 w. gv. 58.
212
50
qorepiskoposebi, romlebic ar asruleben TavianT movaleobas, sasjelad imsaxureben SeCvenebas (muxli 12). `samarTalSi~ ganmartebulia, rom Tu saero piri
episkoposs da qorepiskoposs xels SeuSlis samwyso saqmeebis gangebaSi, `sasjelis~
(gadasaxadis) aRebaSi `SeCvenebul ars~ (muxli 13, 14); `vinc kaTolikozsa da
episkoposs aginos da upatiuroba hkadros, rarigadac sjulis kanonSi eweros,
imrigad ganipatiJos~ (muxli 17).215
`bolos, krebis `samarTali~ sasjelad awesebs dakrulva-SeCvenebas imisaTvis, vinc
ar Seiwynarebs am `sjulis wigns~ da ar daemorCileba kaTolikoss (muxli 21)~.216
ùnda aRvniSnoT `samarTlis~ Tavisebureba, rac imaSi mdgomareobda, rom aq
erTad aris ganxiluli saeroTa mier Cadenili danaSauli da sasulieroTa mimarT
Cadenili sxvadasxva danaSauli. aseve saeklesio pirTa mier Tanamdebobrivi da
disciplinaruli darRvevebi da maT mimarT Cadenili
sxvadasxva danaSauli.
sxvanairad rom vTqvaT, is faqti, rom `samarTalSi~ erTadaa ganxiluli saeklesio
da saero xasiaTis danaSaulobebi Sesabamisi fizikuri da sasuliero sasjelebiT,
miuTiTebs iseT Tvisebaze, rac qarTul samarTalSi Cveulebrivi ar aris~.216
b. lominaZe aRniSnavs, rom `gansaxilvel `samarTalSi~ aRniSnuli Tavisebureba
SeniSna iurist-mkvlevarma niko xizaniSvilma (XIX s.). is wers: `samarTali~
Seicavs, `saeklesios garda, zog danaSauls, romelic sisxlis samarTals Seexeba
(mag.,
kaciskvla).
magram
faqtis
axsnas,
rasac
avtori
iqve iZleva,
ver
daveTanxmebiT. misi azriT: `samoqalaqo da sisxlis samarTlis `ganucalkevebloba~,
rac `samarTals axasiaTebs, niSnavs ìuridiul azrovnebiTs ganuviTareblobas... da
kidev imas,
rom saqarTveloSi eklesia
mowyobili iyo
feodalurad, rac
gamoixateboda, rom is Tavis sabrZanebelSi arCevda yovelgvar danaSauls~. àmiT
aixsneba~, dasZens avtori, rom samarTalSi `moipoveba iseTi zogierTi danaSauli,
romelic saeklesio kanons ar Seesabameboda~.216
`marTalia, eklesia Sua saukuneebSi `mowyobili iyo feodalurad~, magram saqme
isaa, rom sasamarTlo
saqmeebis aseTi ganuyoflobis sistema, romelic am
`samarTalSi~ aris daculi, axasiaTebda saqarTveloSi mxolod, da isic nawilobriv,
iseT zogierT saeklesio senioriebs (mag. samefo monastrebs _ SiomRvimes, gelaTs
da mcxeTis sapatriarqos - sveticxovlis saydars mefis xeldebuls), romlebic sargeblobdnen sasamarTlo imunitetiT, rogorc sasisxlo (mag., qurdoba, mkvleloba...),
ise rjulis saqmeebSi, magram mas ar hqonda ufleba gaerCia iseTi saqme, romelic
sasjelis umaRles zomas _ sikvdils moiTxovda. es ukanaskneli mxolod mefis
sasamarTlos prerogativa iyo. saeklesio senioriis sasamarTlo, sadac msajulebad
da saqmis gamrCevad kaTalikosi, episkoposi, monastris winamZRoli an mTavardiakoni (saerTod, eklesiis ufrosoba) gamodioda, ganaCenSi kmayofildeboda
damnaSavis jarimiT (dazaralebulis sisxlis fasis mixedviT), amasTan erTad,
sxvadasxva saxis sakanonos dadebiT, eklesiidan gaZevebiT da a.S. rac Seexeba imas,
rom am `samarTalSi~ TiTqos Candes ìuridiuli azris ganuviTarebloba~
(saqmeebis `ganucalkeveblobis~ gamo), arc es aris misaRebi. piriqiT, qarTulma
iuridiulma azrovnebam aseTi tipis `samarTliT~ monaxa gamosavali, rom arsebul
situaciaSi (romelSic qveyana am dros imyofeboda), saxelmwifosa da eklesias
mieRwiaT saerTo miznisaTvis - mZime danaSaulebaTa aRmofxvrisaTvis, rac eris
arsebobas Zirs uTxrida~.217
i. do liZ e, q arT uli samarT lis Zeg lebi, t . I, 19 63,
akademiis uwyebani~ #2; 1996 w., gv . 58-59; 216 iqv e, gv. 59;
uwye bani~, #2, 1996, g v. 59-60.
215
gv. 39 1; J urn . `g elaTis mec nie rebaTa

Jur . `gelaTis mecn ierebaT a akade miis
217
51
b. lominaZe aRniSnavs, `samarTlis~ kidev erT Taviseburebas: 12 mRvdelmTavris

mier SemuSavebul `samarTalSi~, sul 23 muxlidan, sasjelis umaRlesi zoma sikvdili sanqcirebulia danaSaulis xuT SemTxvevaSi; sxva saxis fizikuri sasjeli
Sefardebulia danaSaulis or-sam SemTxvevaSi (mkvlelobisaTvis, qurdobisaTvis...).
saerTod, damnaSavis fizikuri dasja qarTul marTlmadidebel eklesias da arc
msoflios sxva marTlmadidebel eklesiebs ar axasiaTebT. fizikuri sasjelebi
arsebobda dasavleT evropis romis kaTolikur eklesiaSi, sadac XIII s-Si daarsda
sagangebo saeklesio sasamarTlo inkviziciis saxiT (iarseba XVIII s-mde). inkvizicia
arCevda mosaxleobaSi mxolod gavrcelebul mwvalebelTa (eretikosTa) saqmeebs.
eresSi SemCneul da msjavrdadebul pirovnebas usjida sikvdils cecxlSi dawviT,
wamebas, dapatimrebas da sxv.218
`samarTalSi~ SeCveneba (anaTema) gamoyenebulia 13 SemTxvevaSi. aqedan episkoposis
mimarT 6 SemTxvevaSi, saeros mimarT 7 SemTxvevaSi
(sakanono mRvdlis mimarT
3 SemTxvevaSi, saeros mimarT 2 SemTxvevaSi). SeCveneba iyo sulieri sasjelis
umaRlesi zoma. simkacriT is aRemateboda xorciel umaRles sasjels _ sikvdils,
radgan is gulisxmobda sulis sikvdils (SeCvenebis Teologiuri arsi is aris, rom
SeCvenebulis suli xorcieli gardacvalebis Semdeg veRar moxvdeboda sasufevelSi,
qristes meored
mosvlis Semdeg
sayovelTao gankiTxvis
dros
misi
suli
daemkvidreba jojoxeTSi... mis suls ver ixsnis veraviTari saSualeba: qvelmoqmedeba,
wirva-locva da a.S.), magram mainc aris gamosavali isev eklesiis meSveobiT:
kaTalikosma an episkoposma, romelmac misi suli `Sekra~, masve SeuZlia suli
àxsnas~. episkoposis mimarT SeCvenebis sixSire mowmobs imas, rom saeklesio
danaSaulic Sors yofila wasuli. saerTod ki SeCvenebas umaRles sasjelTa Soris
ukavia pirveli adgili, meorezea fizikuri sasjeli~.219
b. lominaZis azriT, àfxazeTis sakaTalikosos sinodis mier SemuSavebuli
kanonebi (e.w. `samarTali kaTalikosTa~) xasiaTdeba sasjelis simkacriT, `samarTalSi~ sasjelis umaRles zomad gamoyenebulia sami saxis zoma: sikvdili, sikvdili
ùkanonod~ (mxolod ori saxis danaSaulisaTvis) da SeCveneba. es garemoeba
TavisTavad mowmobs imas, rom mZime danaSauli xSiria (tyvis gayidva, eklesiis
gatexa-gaZarcva... da danaSaulebaTa siRrme imdenad sagangaSoa, rom am dros mefis
Zalaufleba sakmarisi
ar aris maT
mosaspobad, saWiro gamxdara eklesiis
avtoriteti da misi qmediTi Careva, rac gamoixata swored amgvari `samarTlis~
SemuSavebaSi. aman, Tavis mxriv, aamaRla eklesiis roli saxelmwifoSi. amrigad,
aseTi `samarTali~ didi Sedegis momtani unda yofiliyo dasavleT saqarTvelos
saero da saeklesio cxovrebis gasajansaReblad~.220
cnobili qarTveli samarTalmcodne da samarTlis Zeglebis gamomcemeli isidore
doliZe ixilavs saqarTvelos saeklesio samarTalsac.221
is. doliZis azriT, Sua saukuneebis saero samarTlis Zeglebze didi gavlena
iqonia kanonikurma samarTalma. sasuliero wodeba feodaluri sazogadoebis Zlier
Zalas warmoadgenda. eklesia Tavisi wes-wyobilebiT meore saxelmwifo iyo saxelmwifoSi. igi
farTo politikuri da uflebrivi SeuvalobiT sargeblobda, mas
damoukidebeli sasamarTlo iurisdiqcia hqonda. amave dros saero samarTlisa da
samoqalaqo cxovrebis mTeli rigi sakiTxebi kanonikuri samarTlis normebiT wesrigdeboda da saeklesio sasamarTloebis kompetencias Seadgenda. feodalur samarTalSi
Jur . `gelaTis me cniereb aTa akademiis uwyebani~, #2, 1996, gv. 60;
gv. 61; 221 i. doliZe , Zveli qarTul i samarTali, Tb., 1953.
218
219
iqv e, gv. 60-61;
220
iq ve,
52
saeklesio dogmebi batonobdnen da samarTlis mecnierebac RvTismetyvelebis mTliani

batonobis qveS imyofeboda, mis dargad iTvleboda. samRvdeloebisa da RvTismetyvelebis batonobam mTel sazogadoebaze gansazRvra saeklesio samarTlis didi
roli saero samarTlis normebisa da institutebis warmoqmnasa da CamoyalibebaSi.
qarTuli saero samarTlis mTeli rigi institutebi saeklesio samarTlidan
momdinareoben. saeklesio sasamarTloebis farTo iurisdiqcia xels uwyobda mis
gavlenas saero samarTalze. saero sasamarTloebis saqmeebis mTeli rigi winaT
saeklesio sasamarTloebs eqvemdebareboda. amasTan, saWiroa gaviTvaliswinoT is
garemoeba, rom qarTuli saeklesio samarTlis `moqmedebis asparezi marto wminda
saeklesio cxovrebis mowesrigebiT ar ganisazRvreboda, aramed gacilebiT ufro
farTo daniSnuleba da sarbieli hqonda. eklesias saqarTveloSi Tavisi jari da
moxeleebi hyavda. qarTuli saeklesio samarTali marto eklesiis sarwmunoebriv
saqmianobas ki ar exeboda, aramed saxelmwifoebriv yofacxovrebasac. qarTul
eklesias saxelmwifoebrivi wyobilebis bevri damaxasiaTebeli niSani aqvs. akad. iv.
javaxiSvilis azriT, eklesiis kanonikuri samarTali ufro romis kaTolikeTa
eklesiis kanonikuri samarTlis krebuls, corpus iuris canonici-s miagavs, vidre
aRmosavleTis eklesiis, berZenTa da rusTa saeklesio samarTlisas imgvaradve,
rogorc qarTuli eklesia Tavisi wes-wyobilebis bevri TvisebiT ufro romis
saSualo saukuneebis eklesias miagavda, vidre erTmorwmune berZenTa da rusTa
eklesiebs. `qarTuli samarTlis istoriis Sesaswavlad didi mniSvneloba metadre
adgilobriv, qarTul saeklesio sjuldebas aqvs, magram msoflio eklesiis krebebis
dadgenilebani da berZnuli sjulis kanonic Zvirfasia mkvlevarTaTvis, jer erTi
imitom, rom kanonmdeblobis es Zeglebic moqmed samarTlad iyvnen saqarTveloSi.
akad. iv. javaxiSvilis azriT, `didi sjulis kanoni~ naTargmni unda iyos IX-X ssSi, roca samcxisa
da tao-klarjeT-SavSeTis qarTul samonastro
centrebSi
samwerlobo moRvaweoba gaCaRda da bizantiis ganaTlebis umTavres savaneebTan
mWidro sulieri kavSiri Seiqmna. es metad sayuradRebo da mniSvnelovani garemoebaa
beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis wyaroebis Sesaswavlad da kerZod, im azris naTelsayofad,
rom samarTlis wignis erT-erT wyaros saeklesio samarTali warmoadgenda~.
is. doliZis azriT, beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis Sedgenamde bevri saeklesio kreba
iqneboda albaT mowveuli, magram saeklesio sjulmdeblobas Cvenamde ar mouRwevia.
am mxriv gamonakliss warmoadgens ruis-urbnisis 1103 wlis saeklesio kreba,
romlis sakanonmdeblo moRvaweoba cnobilia CvenTvis `Zeglis weris~ saxelwodebiT.
aRniSnuli saeklesio krebis ZiriTadi mizani, rogorc es `Zeglis weridan~ Cans,
saeklesio wes-wyobilebis, samRvdelmsaxuro wesebisa da mrevlis zneobaTa da
Secodebulebis ganxilva da mowesrigeba iyo, amitom aRniSnuli sjulmdeblobis
mniSvneloba gaTvaliswinebul unda iqnes beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis Seswavlisas.
mniSvnelovania, agreTve, saeklesio krebis moxseneba da dadgenileba, romelic 126365 wlebs Soris unda iyos Sedgenili. saeklesio krebis aRniSnuli dadgenileba
Seicavs debulebas saeklesio mamulebis saxelmwifo xelisuflebis mier sxvebze
gacemis Sesaxeb da amitom mas didi mniSvneloba aqvs saqarTvelos ekonomikuri da
socialuri istoriis
Sesaswavlad. dadgenileba
iZleva sayuradRebo
cnobebs
saxelmwifosa da eklesiis uflebrivi damokidebulebis Sesaxeb. safiqrebelia, rom
orive saeklesio krebis zemoaRniSnul Zeglebs icnobdnen sjulmdeblebi beqa da
aRbuRa da, SesaZloa, iTvaliswinebdnen maT samarTlis wignis Sedgenisas.
saeklesio samarTlis gavlena beqa-aRbuRas samarTalSi naTlad Cans samcxesaaTabagos mRvdelmTavris, mawyverelis uflebrivi mdgomareobidan. awyuris episko-
53
posis sasamarTlo iurisdiqcias eqvemdebareboda mTeli rigi mniSvnelovani sisxlisa

da samoqalaqo samarTlis saqmeebi. mawyvereli aTabagTan erTad axorcielebs
umaRles sasamarTlo xelisuflebas. saaTabagos saqarTvelos samefosagan gandgomam
didi gavlena moaxdina
mawyverelis
damoukideblobasa da misi sasamarTlo
iurisdiqciis zrdaze. saaTabagoSi mawyvereli iseTive umaRlesi saeklesio Tanamdebobis piri iyo, rogoric kaTalikosi saqarTveloSi. Tu aTabagi saqarTvelos
mefes arafers ekiTxeboda, mawyverelic damoukidebeli iyo mcxeTis saeklesio
kaTedralisagan. samcxe-saaTabagoSi igi
damoukideblad axorcielebda
umaRles
saeklesio xelisuflebas da sjulmdeblobas. rogorc beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis
pirveli winasityvaobidan Cans, awyurisa da safaris eklesiebs sakuTari kanonmdeblobac hqoniaT, romelic `Cuen ganaRamca agreve davamtkiceTo~, ambobs aRbuRa,
awyursa da safaris kanonmdeblobaze miTiTeba cxadyofs saaTabagoSi mawyverelis
umaRlessa da damoukidebel uflebriv mdgomareobas. Tu saeklesio saqmeebSi
mawyvereli uzenaesi piria, saero samarTlis saqmeebSi is aTabagis Tanasworia,
masTan erTad axorcielebs umaRles marTlmsajulebas.
is. doliZe wers: beqas samarTlis winasityvaobaSi aRbuRa didi mokrZalebiT
aRniSnavs, rom samarTlis wigni SevadgineT mawyverelisa da samcxe-saaTabagos
episkoposTa
da
meudabnoeTa
moweseTa
monawileobiT;
kanonis Sedgena
rom
ganvizraxeT, yvelaferi
`movaxseneT patiosansa mawyverelsa~ da `mindobilni
RmrTisani da awyurisa RmrTismSoblisani~ SevudeqiT ganaCenis daweraso.
beqas samarTlis wignis I muxlis mixedviT, roca didebulis mier didebulis
mokvlis SemTxvevaSi `patronisa jayelisa da mawyverelisa kacni~ damnaSaves
adgilze miuswreben, mas aRar aqvs ufleba dazaralebuls kidev sxva ziani
miayenos da, Tu mas Semdegac emateba `patronisa da mawyverelis patiji
gadaixadoso~. `patiji~ gansakuTrebuli jarima iyo aTabagisa da mawyverelis
pativis SelaxvisaTvis. Tu damnaSave sisxlisa da patiJis daurvebas ver SeZlebs,
gaZevebul unda iqnes da misi `mamuli patronsa aqundes - jayelsa da
mawyuerelsao~.. aseTive mdgomareobas aqvs adgili aznauris mier aznauris mokvlis
SemTxvevaSic. Tu damnaSave kanoniT gaTvaliswinebul sazRaurs ver gadaixdis, igi
unda gadaixvewos da misi mamuli patronsa da mawyverels unda gadaeces, rogorc
sasamarTlo xelisuflebis umaRles warmomadgenlebs. Zmam Tu Zma an axlo naTesavi
mokla, saqme aTabagsa da mawyverels unda moxsendes, radgan aseTi danaSauli
`saRmrTod bralia da sakanono askeci~. damnaSaves Cveulebriv sasjels garda
saeklesio sasjelic unda daedos - èpiskopozman misi wesi icis, raca marTebs,
man uyoso~. damnaSave unda gadaixvewos, misi mamuli aTabagsa da mawyverels unda
gadaeces. damnaSavis saqme, romelic Tavs daesxa sasaflaos, gatexa an Seuracxyo
eklesia, episkoposma unda ganixilos, rogorc umaRlesma mosamarTlem, da iseTi
sasjeli daados, rasac saWirod dainaxavs (`qristes sisxlis pativsa mcnebulTa viTa
uyvars, egeTi patiJi dauurvebinon~), radgan aseTi mZime danaSaulisaTvis sasjelis
gansazRvra SeuZlebeliao. aTabagTan erTad mawyverlis sasamarTlo kompetencias
Seadgenda mZime saxelmwifo danaSauli, romelic cnobilia beqa-aRbuRas samarTalSi
`Ralatis~ saxelwodebiT. Tu aTabagis mfarvelobaSi myofi kaci, vasali, anu
`mindobili kaci~ RalatiT vinmes cixesa da saxl-kars waarTmevs, misi saqme
aTabagTan erTad mawyverelsac unda moxsendes (`patronma da mawyverelman cnas~).
amrigad, mawyvereli aTabagTan erTad umaRlesi sasamarTlo xelisuflebis warmomadgenelia. isini ganixilaven sisxlis
samarTlis mZime danaSaulTa saqmeebs
(mkvlelobas, Tavdasxmas, Ralatsa da sxv.). aTabagi, rogorc umaRlesi saero
54
xelisuflebis warmomadgeneli, da mawyvereli, rogorc umaRlesi sasuliero

xelisuflebis warmomadgeneli, erTdroulad da Tanasworad axorcieleben sasamarTlo
xelisuflebas zemoaRniSnuli
saqmeebis gamo.
aTabagisa da
mawyverlis
sasamarTlo xelisufleba SeerTebulia da mas sisxlis samarTlis dargSi Sereuli
xasiaTi aqvs. magram mawyverels amasTan erTad Tavis samwysoSi calke damoukidebeli saeklesio iurisdiqcia aqvs. sulisa da eklesiis saqme mxolod mas exeboda
da aTabagi mis uflebebSi ver Caereoda. saojaxo samarTlis dargic xom
mawyverlis iurisdiqcias Seadgenda. qorwinebisa da ojaxis saqme mawyverels
ekiTxvis. Tu kaci gvariTa da RirsebiT masze ufro sapatio cols gascildeba,
sisxli Tavisi gvaris mixedviT unda dauurvos, radgan `macxovarman dawyevasa
Sigan esreT rqva: qmrisamca Senisa mimarT ars moqceva Senio~. es aris norma,
romelic daamkvidra saeklesio samarTalma saojaxo samarTlis dargSi.
is. doliZis azriT, memkvidreobiT samarTalSic cxadad igrZnoboda saeklesio
samarTlis gavlena. anderZiT memkvidreobis iuridiul Zalas mxars uWers da
mtkices xdis eklesia. anderZi samkvidros damtoveblis gardacvalebis Semdeg aris
mtkice da namdvili, sicocxleSi ki samkvidros damtovebels misi gauqmebac
SeuZlia da ZalaSi datovebac. es wesi `ganbrZnobili ars wmidaTa mamaTagan
sjulTa samoZRvreblad, ebistoleTaca Sigan esreT weril ars amisTanasa saqmesa
Sigan kacTagan Sesvlaze, qveqceva mal SeuZlebel ars da nuvin xelhyofso~. esec
kanonikuri samarTlidan Sesuli wesia beqas samarTalSi. msxvil feodalsa da mis
vasals Soris rom raime dava wamoiWreba, saqme sasamarTlom miudgomel da
piruTvnel kacTa monawileobiT unda gadawyvitos da Searigos modave mxareebi,
radgan `caTa da qveynisa Semoqmedsaca ezom undosa adamiansa Sua dasxmulni
moZRvarni
da mecnierni
kacni Seazavebeno~,
naTqvamia aRbuRas
samarTalSi.
maSasadame, saeklesio samarTali sasamarTlo warmoebis sakiTxebzedac avrcelebs
Tavis gavlenas. marTlmsajulebas RvTaebrivi Zala aqvs. mosamarTle RvTis moSiSi
da sulis saqmis pativis mcnebeli unda iyos. angareba da sixarbe RvTis
ganmarisxebeli saqmea da mosamarTle angarebiT saqmes nuravis daumtkicebso. èse
sityva wmidaTa mamaTa ars, Tu - sixarbe bunebiT mxedvelobisa kapi ariso da
yoveli avi RmrTisa da kacTa ganmarisxebeli saqme mas zeda Camokidebuli ariso~,
ambobs aTabagi aRbuRa.
is. doliZe aRniSnavs - saeklesio samarTlis Zala da avtoriteti gamoyenebulia valdebulebiTi samarTlis dargSic. es gansakuTrebiT naTlad Cans sesxis
xelSekrulebis pirobebidan. aRbuRas samarTali valis xelSekrulebis dros krZalavs
`didi sargeblis~ aRebas. Tu kreditorma didi procenti aiRos msesxeblisagan,
arakanonieria da unda daubrunos, radgan àngareba Tavad codvad weres sjulis
moZRvarTa kacTa wmidaTa~ da `vaxSis sidide ganmarisxebelia RmrTisao~.
erT adgilas beqa moses kanonmdeblobasac imowmebs. roca Zmebi gaiyofian
samemkvidreo qonebis
zedmeti wili
- `sauxuceso~, - romelic winaparTa
pativiscemisa da sulis mosaxseneblad iyo gankuTvnili, ufros Zmas eZleva. am
wess `TviT moses piriTa dambadebeli `dabadebasa~ Sigan daswers~, romelic Znelad
moiSlebiso. amrigad, beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis wignis mTeli rigi muxlebi Seicaven
saeklesio samarTlis wesebsa da debulebebs. gansakuTrebiT es gavlena, rogorc
davinaxeT,
igrZnoba
samarTlis
wignis
im
normebSi, romlebic
awesrigeben
samoqalaqo, saojaxo da memkvidreobiT urTierTobas da agreTve sasamarTlo
warmoebasac. zemoaRniSnulidan savsebiT gasagebia samcxe-saaTabagos episkoposis mawyverelis - farTo ufleba-mosileba saero iurisdiqciis dargSi.
55
is. doliZis azriT, scdeboda n. urbneli, romelic fiqrobda, rom beqaaRbuRas kanonebis boloSi darTuli 102-e da 103-e muxli, romlebSic laparakia
mefisa da episkoposis urTierTdamokidebulebis Sesaxeb, samarTlis wignis organul nawils warmoadgenda da aqedan im araswor daskvnas akeTebda, rom TiTqos
aRniSnuli muxlebi gamoxatavdnen aTabagisa da mawyverlis uflebriv mdgomareobas.
mawyvereli `zogs SemTxvevaSi
Tavis
saero uflebiT
aTabagsac
ki
aRemateba... aTabags raRa ufleba hqonda episkopozzed? - araferi... aTabags xom
`mefe~ ar eTqmoda, `mefed~ moxsenebulia mxolod episkopozi da es saxelwodeba
cxadad amtkicebs mis upiratesobaso.222
is. doliZe mcdarad miiCnevs agreTve n. urbnelis azrs saaTabagos sasuliero
wodebis privilegiuri mdgomareobis Sesaxeb. raki 98-e muxlis Semdgomi muxlebi
beqa-aRbuRas samarTlad miiCnia, n. urbnelma daxata saaTabagos sasuliero wodebis
ierarqiuli struqtura. zemoaRniSnul muxlebSi sasuliero wodebis pirTaTvis
gaakeTa, rom sasuliero wodebas didi upiratesoba hqonda saero xelisuflebasTan
SedarebiTo. aseTi mdgomareoba urbnelis azriT imiT aixsneba, rom `saaTabagoSi
aRorZinda bizantiis ukiduresi orTodoqsuli moZRvreba, romelsac sulsa da
saRmrTo saqmeTa garda sxva araferi swamda. aseTma mimarTulebam metad ganadida
sasuliero wodeba da mTeli eris grZnoba am wodebas daumorCila.223
is. doliZe daaskvnis: sinamdvileSi zemoaRniSnuli muxlebi ar Seicaven
saaTabagos sasuliero wodebis uflebriv mdgomareobas, ar Seadgenen beqa-aRbuRas
samarTlis nawils da gamoxataven XI s-is gaerTianebuli saqarTvelos suraTs, roca
samRvdeloebas maRla eWira Tavi.
TavianT SromebSi saeklesio samarTals tendenciurad ixilavdnen qarTveli
sabWoTa samarTalmcodneebic. sabWoTa samarTlis mixedviT, `masebis motyuebis,
brZolisunarianobis modunebis da, saerTod, ideologiuri daTrgunvis erT-erT
mniSvnelovan iaraRs burJuaziul wes-wyobilebaSic warmoadgens iseTi reaqciuli
organizacia, rogoricaa eklesia~.224
giorgi inwkirveli
exeba kanonikur
samarTalsac:
`feodalizmis
epoqaSi,
eklesiis rolisa da mdgomareobis Sesabamisad, didi mniSvneloba hqonda, agreTve,
saeklesio samarTlis normebs, e.w. kanonikur samarTals. specialuri saeklesio
sasamarTloebic ki arsebobda, romlebic ganixilavdnen ara marto sasuliero
pirebis, aramed saero pirebis saqmeebsac, rac Seexeba saqorwino da saojaxo sakiTxebs,
maTi mowesrigeba TiTqmis mTlianad saeklesio samarTlis normebis mixedviT xdeboda.
amis Sesaxeb f. engelsi werda: èklesiis dogmebi amave dros politikur aqsiomadac
iqca da bibliis teqstebma yovel sasamarTloSi kanonis Zala miiRo~.225
qarTuli samarTlis istoriis calkeuli sakiTxebi ganxiluli aqvs m. broses
(`saqarTvelos istoria, naw. 1-2, Targmani s. RoRoberiZisa~, tf. 1895-1900), p.
ioselians (Rhfnrfz bcnjhbz Uhepbycrjq Wthrdb^ CG<& 1843 ), e. TayaiSvils (`rCeuli
nawarmoebebi~, t. 1, 1968), s. kakabaZes (`saistorio Ziebani~, tf. 1924, `sasisxlo
sigelebis Sesaxeb~, tf., 1924, saqarTvelos istoria (1500-1810), tf., 1922, `saqarTvelos
istoria 1819 wlidan~, Tb., 1994). e. xaxanaSvils ((Ljgjkytybt r uhepbycrbv rfnfkbrjcjdb v pf rjyf v) ), mix. TarxniSvils sxvadasxva SromaSi (m. TarxniSvili, werilebi,
n. urbneli, aTabagi beqa da aRb uRa da maTi s amarTal i, gv. 7; 223 iqv e, gv. 83; 224 g. inwkirv eli,
saxelmwifo sa da s amar Tlis Teo ria, saxelmZRvanel o iuridiuli fak ulte tis student ebis aTvis,
mexuTe gamo cema, Tb . 1979, gv. 121; 225 iqv e, gv. 111.
222
56
Tb., 1994). ucxoel avtorebs - maqsime kovalskis ( Pfrjy b j,bxfq y f Rfdrfpf^ 1886 ),
v. sokolskis, vl. beneSeviCs ( D& Cjrjkcrbb (Uhtrj-hbvcrjt ghfd j d ekj;tybb uhepbyc rjuj w fhz D f[nf yuf VI ( :ehy& vb y& y f h& g hjc d& 1897^ IX ^ c & 56^ 93 ) $ D k& <ty titd bx^
(Uhepb ycrbq Dtkbrb q Yjvjrfyjy gj cgbcrfv N,bkbccrjuj wthrjdyjuj veptz ({hbcnb fycr&
Dtcny br^ I^ II^ c& 350^ 351 ) da sxv.
CvenTvis gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovnad miviCnieT saeklesio samarTlis sferoSi
CvenTvis xelmisawvdomi bolo naSromi rusuli samarTlis istoriisa, esaa D&F&
Wsgby^ Wthrjdyjt Ghfdj^ V&^ 1994&
am Sromas a. kartaSevisa da m. posnovis
zemoaRniSnul SromebTan erTad, kritikulad viyenebT Cveni naSromis pirveli
nawilis Sesaval TavSi.226 saeklesio samarTali kargadaa Seswavlili rusi saeklesio
samarTalmcodneebis mier.227
samarTali batoniSvilisa daviT isa~, d. furc elaZis gamoce ma, Tb. , 1964; `vaxt ang VI, samar Tlis
wign i, T. e nuqiZis gamoc . Tb. 1955; `s amarTal i vaxt ang mee qvsisa~ i. dol iZis gamocema, Tb. 1981;
`qarTuli samarTlis Zeg lebi~, i. doliZis gamoc . t. I-VIII, T b. 19 63-7 4; `b erZnuli s amarT ali
vaxt ang VI-is samarTlis wignTa krebulidan~, T . breg vaZis g amocema, Tb. 1964; `s amarTali somx uri,
qarT ul i ve rs ia, Se sr ul eb ul i vaxt an g VI-is brZ an eb iT ~ gamo sc a l. mel iq se Tb eg ma; `q ar Tuli
Zeglebi, kanonmdebloba~, #2, t. tf. 1927. agreTve VI. . .. , ,
1980; VI, . .. , . . .. ,
. 1 887; Karzt J., Gode du roi Vakhtang VI, Strasbourg, 1934-37. g. kekelia, bagratis samarTali,
1984; 227 .. , , , 1964; . , ,
, 1963; , , , , 1931;
.. , , 1908; .. , .
1913; , . 1984; . , . 1913; ,
, , , 1897; , ,
, 1901; Migne, Patrologia Greaca (mravaltomeuli); Migne, Patrologia Latina (mravaltomeuli);
(), -, ,
1980; , , .1.1954; ..
, , 1908; ..
, , 1888; .. , . ,
1902; .. ; Maxime des Sardes, Metropolite, Le Patriarcat
oecumenique dans LEglise orthodoxe, Paris, 1975; . , ,
1894; , , .
1912; , ; . , , . III. 1896; IV 1904;
, , , 1882; ..
- ((..) 1899, 1900); .. , ...
1875; , VI , , 1877; ,
. . ; 1901, .. , , 1906.
226
57
saeklesio samarTlis werilobiTi wyaroebis Sesaxeb

`saqarTvelos saeklesio krebebSi~ Sevida 15 sakanonmdeblo da 21 mimdinare
kreba (IV-XVIII ss.), am krebaTagan zogierTma gamosca sakanonmdeblo samarTlebrivi
aqti, romelTac epoqaTa Sesabamisad ewodebaT `Zegliswera~, `Zeglis dadeba~,
`samarTali~, `mcnebaY sasjuloY~, `kanonni~, `xeliTwerili~, `dawerili~, `ganCineba~, `sigeli~, `moxseneba~, `sakanonos wigni~ da sxv. saeklesio krebebis mier
gamocemuli samarTlis Zeglebi Tan erTvis naSromis Sesabamis paragrafs.
1. ruis-urbnisis krebis teqsti daibeWda i. doliZis `qarTuli samarTlis
Zeglebi~ III tomidan. i. doliZe, rogorc cnobilia, iyo qarTuli saeklesio
samarTlis wyaroebis udidesi mcodne XX s-Si. mas ruis-urbnisis krebis teqsti
dabeWdili aqvs ori uZvelesi nusxis A-76 da Rt, VI, N5 (III)-is mixedviT. yofili
`saeklesio muzeumis xelnawerTa fondis~ (A), amJamad ki xelnawerTa institutis
fondSi daculi A-76 warmoadgens krebuls, dawerilia qaRaldze XII s-is nusxiT.
masSi ruis-urbnisis krebis Zeglisweras 238-248 gverdebi uWiravs.
amave A-76 nusxas iyenebs e. gabiZaSvili `didi sjulis-kanonis~ 1975 wlis
kritikulad dadgenil
teqstSi.
qarTuli
kanonikuri
samarTlis
aRniSnuli
mniSvnelovani Zegli (`Zegliswera~) gamocemuli i. doliZisa da e. gabiZaSvilis
mier Cvens mier Sepirispirebulia erTmaneTTan, amis gamo teqstSi muxlebi davyaviT
e. gabiZaSvilis dayofis mixedviT.
2. `Zeglis dadebis~ teqsti (mefe giorgi brwyinvalis droindeli Zegli)
ibeWdeba i. doliZis gamocemis228 mixedviT, romelsac safuZvlad udevs xelnaweri
S3683. teqsti Sepirispirebulia e. TayaiSvilis mier aRmoCenil XVII s-is
xelnawerTan (H3094).
3. beqas da
aRbuRas
samarTali, bagrat kurapalatis,
e.w. `kanonikuri
samarTlis~ muxlebi, `samarTali kaTalikozTa~, `vaxtangis samarTlis~ muxlebi
ibeWdeba i. doliZis gamocemis mixedviT,228 romelic eyrdnoba TviT vaxtang VIis mier naredaqtirev xelnawers (S3683).
4. `mcnebaY sasjuloY~ ibeWdeba i. doliZis229 mixedviT. eyrdnoba or xelnawers:
cssa f. 1448, sab. #5020, dedani da xelnawerTa institutis Sd 2920 piri.
i.
5. `ganCineba saeklesio krebisa samonastro wesis da rigis Taobaze~ ibeWdeba

doliZis229 mixedviT. eyrdnoba xelnawerTa institutis Ad340.
6. `kanoni~ 1748 w. krebisa, ibeWdeba i. doliZis229 mixedviT. eyrdnoba

xelnawerTa institutis Q412 krebuls. sabuTs krebulis 1-8 gverdebi uWiravs.
krebuli gadawerilia 1755 w.
7. `xelwerili~ imereTis 1759 w. krebisa. ibeWdeba T. Jordanias qronikebis III
tomidan (1967 w.).
8. dadgenileba saeklesio krebisa (1762 w.) ibeWdeba i. doliZis 22 9 mixedviT.
eyrdnoba xelnawerTa institutis Ad856; `mcneba mRudelTaTvis~ i. doliZis
qsZ
t.
III.
xelnawerTa
institutis
A317 krebuls;
maqsime
kaTalikosis
mcnebani~, cssa f. 1448.
228
`qarTuli s amarTlis Zegl ebi~, t I, 1963;
229
`qarTuli samarT lis Ze glebis ~, t. III, 1970.
58
9. sigeli bagrat mefisa opizar mijnaZorel mamebisadmi (quTaisis saeklesio

kreba 1058) ibeWdeba `qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis korpusi~-s230 mixedviT.
eyrdnoba xelnawerTa institutis Sd1201 etrats.
10 `saqarTvelos eklesiis Seuvalobis ganaxlebis sigeli giorgi III-sa~ (Tbilisis
I saeklesio kreba, 1178) ibeWdeba i. doliZis qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebis~ (t.
II, 1965) mixedviT, esaa xelnawerTa institutis Ad15 dedani, etrati pirvelad
gamosca T. Jordaniam (qronikebi I).
11. dawerili etifane kaTalikosisa ànel xucesTa sargos ganwesebis Sesaxeb~
(anisis Sekreba, 1218), ibeWdeba i. doliZis `qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebis~ (t. III,
1970) mixedviT. teqsti gadmobeWdilia n. maris gamocemidan Bpdtcnbz B vgthfnjhcrjq F rfltvbb Y fer^ 19 10 ^ c& 14 73 -1 43 9&
12. ganCineba saeklesio krebisa `SiomRvimis Seuvalobis Sesaxeb~ (SiomRvimis
saeklesio kreba XIII s-is 40-iani wlebi), ibeWdeba i. doliZis 229 mixedviT.
xelnaweri dakargulia, gamoqveynebulia T. Jordanias mier (SiomRvimis sabuTebi, gv.
50-52).
13. moxseneba saqarTvelos saeklesio krebisa mefisadmi (mcxeTis saeklesio kreba
1263). ibeWdeba qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis korpusi I (IX-XIII ss) mixedviT,
romelic eyrdnoba saqarTvelos centraluri saistorio arqivis (cssa 1448-6501)
xelnawers.
14. samTavisis samwysos sakanonos wigni grigol samTavnelisadmi (samTavisis
saeklesio kreba, 1459), ibeWdeba i. doliZis `qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi~ (t. III.
1970), eyrdoba xelnawerTa institutis Ad559 da Ad604 xelnawerebs. daTariRebulia i. doliZis mier.
15.
`debulebebi~
gadmoRebulia
Semowmebuli
egzempliarebidan
a) `debulebani, miRebuli saqarTvelos 1917 wlis saeklesio krebaze~, tfilisi,

stamba `cxovreba~, gabaanT Sesaxvevi, N4, 1917 w;
b)
`saqarTvelos
g)
`debuleba
eklesiis
saqarTvelos
marTva-gamgeoba~,
eklesiis
1920;
marTva-gamgeobisaTvis~,
tfilisi,
1928;
d) `debuleba
saqarTvelos
eklesiis marTva-gamgeobisaTvis~, 1945
w. (am
egzempliarSi orTografiuli Secdomebi gasworebulia k.p. kalistrates mier);
e) `saqarTvelos avtokefaluri, marTlmadidebeli
debuleba~, mcxeTa, sveticxoveli, 1995.
q ar T. is t. s ab. k or pus i, Seadgine s da gamos ac emad mo amz ades

SoSiaSvilma, Tb. 1984, gv . 32
230
eklesiis
marTva-gamgeobis
T. e nuqiZ em,
v. silagav am,
n.
nawili pirveli
saekle sio samarT lis wyaroe bi
59
60
Tavi
61
pirveli
msoflio saeklesio kanonebi, krebulebi da ganmartebani

saqarTvelos saeklesio samarTlis
wyaroebi mTlianad aris gamomavali msof-
umlo da mociqulTa mier codvaTa axsnis ufleba (mT. 18, 18), macxovarma mi-
li o e kle si is sam arT lis s aer To

wyarodan, amitomac zogadad SevexebiT
maT. movitanT vrcel amonaridebs ukanasknel dros gamocemuli qarTuli da
rusuli saeklesio literaturidan. samarTlis wyaroebs yofen or mTavar jg-
aniWa samRvdeloebas ufleba ecxovra samwysos xarjiT (luka 10, 7). qristem
daawesa swavleba qorwinebis Sesaxeb (mT.
19, 5-6,9), mianiWa ufleba eklesias mosamarTleobisa Semcode Zmebis mimarT (mT.
18, 15-17), dagvitova mcneba saxelmwifo
ufad: pirvelSi igulisxmeba pirebi da
xelisuflebasTan Cveni damokidebuleb-
institutebi, romelTac Seqmnes samarTlis normebi, meore ki warmoadgens dokumentebsa da Zeglebs, romlebSic gadmocemulia aRniSnuli normebi.
axali aRTqmis, anu qristianuli ek-
is Sesaxeb (mT. 22, 21).

qristes mcnebaTa garda, saeklesio
samarTlis wyaroa agreTve mociqulTa
nawerebi, gadmocemulni wmida werilSi
(mociqulTagan ki miiRes eklesiis mameb-
lesiis samarTali efuZneba eklesiis mowyobis da saeklesio wesrigis SenarCunebis

Sesaxeb wmida werilSi gadmocemul ieso
qristes swavlebas.
qristes mcnebebi warmoadgens eklesiis swavlebisa da cxovrebis qvakuTxeds.
ma): episkoposTa da diakonTa Sesaxeb

samarTlebrivi mcnebebi da dadgenilebebi (I tim. 3, 1-13), wesi Tu rogori
saxis unda iyos samRvdeloeba (tites
mimarT epistole, agreTve I tim. 3, 27). morwmuneTa valdebuleba daemorCilon
ufalma daadgina saeklesio naTlobis

saidumlo (mT. 28, 19), evqaristiis saidumlo (luka 22, 19), sinanulis said-
mwyemss (ebr. 13, 17). saeklesio Temis

valdebuleba mwyemsis arCevisa (I kor.
9, 13-14). swavleba qorwinebis Sesaxeb
62
(kolas. 3, 18-21; I petr 3, 1-2; I kor.
7, 10-13; I kor. 7, 40). zeTis cxebis
Sesaxeb (iak. 5, 14-15), SemcodeTa mimarT mopyrobis Sesaxeb (II efes. 3, 6),
mociqulTa mier mocemulia wesi sasuliero piris mimarT saCivris miRebisa (I
tim. 5, 19), saxelmwifo xelisuflebasTan urTierTobis Sesaxeb (rom. 13, 17), sxva sarwmunoebis pirTan damokidebulebis Sesaxeb (I kor. 5, 9-10, 12-13).
pirvelwyaros saeklesio samarTlisa
warmoadgens saRvTo mcnebebi. isini warmoadgens saZirkvels saeklesio mowyobisa da saxelmZRvanelos eklesiisaTvis.
maTi daxmarebiT aRasrulebs eklesia
Tavis misias _ xsn isa. es mcn ebebi,
rogorc iTqva, mocemulia wmida werilSi. eklesias dadgenili aqvs Zveli da
axali aRTqmis wmida wignebis nusxa.
qristianebisaTvis savaldebuloa moses
mier mocemuli RvTis aTi mcneba. sruli
Zala SeinarCuna, agreTve, sisxlis-aRreviTi qorwinebis ZvelaRTqmiseulma
akrZalvam. rogorc aRiniSna, eklesiis aT v is sa y ov e lT a od sa v al d eb u lo a
qristes mcnebaTa dacva, axali aRTqma
saeklesio samarTlis umTavresi wyaroa,
eklesiis wmida mamebma, romelTa goneba
ganaTlebuli iyo suli wmidis madliT,
mogvces wmida werilis anu RvTis sityvis ganmarteba. amitomac mamaTa swavleba _ eklesiis swavlebaa. uflis mier
uwyebuli saRmrTo da wmida werili unda
ga nim art os ara ne bis mie rad , a ram ed
rogorc ganmarta igi wmida eklesiam da
icavs Tavis mier gamocemuli kanonebiT.
saeklesio samarTali, romlis mixedviTac aris mowyobili saeklesio cxovreba, warmoadgens kanonebis sistematur gadmocemas. kanoni _ saeklesio cxovrebis
wesia, disciplinaruli dadgenilebebi mociqulebisa, krebebisa da wmida mamebisa.
saeklesio samarTlis Cvenamde m oRweuli uZvelesi wy ar oa ` swavleba 12 m o ciqulisa (`didaqe~). ekuTvnis I da II ssTa mij nas. masSi ar moixseniebian mR vdlebi (pr esviterebi), saubaria mxolod episkoposebsa da diakvnebz e, mogzaur mo ciqulebze, winaswarmetyvelebsa da maswavleblebze. am Jam ad, ko ptur i da eT io puri eklesiebis samarTalSi gamo iyeneba III s-is
egvipteSi Sedgenili krebuli `wmida mociqulebis saeklesio kanonebi~. III s-Sive
gamo Cnda `didaskalia~ (m ociqulT a dar igeb a) , s xvaa ` m o ciq ulT a dadge nileb a~ ,
romelic gamoCnda III s-is dasasr ulsa da
IV s-is dasawy isSi, r o m elsac, am Jam ad,
eklesiaSi ar aqvs iuridiuli Zala, samagier od, amJam ad, m arTlm adidebeli eklesiis kano nikuri kodeqsi, miRebuli m ociqulT a m ier ier usalim is 45 wlis kr ebaze,
gamoCnda IV s-Si. esaa `mociqulTa kanonebi~, is ZvelT aganve miCneulia mociqulTa gadmo cemis nawilad. m arTlmadidebeli
eklesiis kanonikur kodeqsSi Sevida sami
wm ida m am is - wm . dio nises, wm . petr e
aleqsandrielisa da grigol neokesariel
saswaulm oqmedis kano nebi.
nikeamdel epoqaSi qristianuli Tem ebi episko posTa mier imar Tebodnen wmida
werilSi gadm ocemuli da mo ciqulTa mier
dadgenili no rmebiT . eklesiis er Toba m iiR weo da saeklesio T emebs Sor is cocxali urT ier To biT. sarwmunoebr ivi erT obis miuxedavad, zogier T Tems hqo nda Tavisi saR vTismsaxur o gansxvavebuloba da gansakuTr ebuli sam arT lis no r mebi. gaugebr obisa da sadavo sakiT xebis aRm osaf xvrelad saeklesio T emebis war m o madgenlebi iwvevdnen saeklesio kr ebebs. m iR ebuli kr ebis gansaz R vr ebebs m r gvlivmo savl eli epi sto les saxiT ugz avni dnen
im eklesiasac, rom elT a warm omadgenlebic
am kr ebaSi ar m onawileobdnen. epistoleebi exeboda, ZiriTadad, saeklesio -sakano nm deblo sakiT xebs. z ogier T i kano nikur i
episto le iR ebda savaldebulo iur idiul saxes da iqceoda saer To saeklesio
sam ar Tlis wy ar od.
63
msoflio saeklesio krebebi da maTi kanonebi

I msoflio saeklesio kreba mowveul
iqna q. nikeaSi, 325 wels, romis imperato ris - konstantine I didis (30 6-33 7)
sagangebo brZanebiT da am krebasTan dakavSirebuli yvela xarj ic Tavad imperatorma gaiRo. `krebis ZiriTadi mizani iy o oficialur i dadgenilebis gamotana, qristianobis, r ogor c saxelm wifo ebrivad aR iarebuli sarwmunoebis Sesaxeb, romelic T avisi
a r s e bo b is p i r v e li xa n eb i da n I V s -i s
dasawy isSic ki m kacr ad idevnebo da da,
amasTan, ganxilva im umTavresi dogmatikurkanonikur i da ierarqiul-adm inistr aciuli sakiTxebisa, romlebic im xanebSi erTob mwvaved ismoda da romelTa m ogvareba-mowesrigeba niSnavda qr istianobis ukve,
rogorc saxelmwifo r eligiis Zlierebasa
da mis Semdgom ganviTarebas mTel saqristia no m so f l io Si . kr e bas eswr ebo d nen
r ogo rc ro m is im per iaSi Sem aval qr istianul o rganiz aciaT a war m o madgenlebi
(ZiriTadad, episko posebi), aseve mis f arglebs gareT arsebul, sxva saxelmwifoTa
qr istianul or ganiz aciaT a war m om adgenlebic. krebaze monawileoba miiRo 300-mde
episkoposma da dabali xarisxis warmomadgenelma. krebas eswreboda sul 318 mama.
kr eba, ro melic evstaTi antioqielis
Tavmjdo mareobiT grZeldeboda or-naxevar
T ves, 19 ivnisidan 25 agvisto m de, m im dinareo bda eklesiis sasaxlis erT -er T
palataSi. krebaze nebadarTuli iy o saero
pir ebis daswr ebac da darbazSi z ogjer
2000-mde kaci iyrida Tavs. darbazis irgvliv idga savar Zlebi episkoposebisaTvis,
xolo SuaSi ki magidaze esvena saR mrTo
wer ili (biblia). imperato ri ko nstantine
T av a d e sw r e bo d a x o l m e s xd o m eb s d a
zogjer maT sityviTac xsnida.
kr ebis ganxilvis er T -erT um T avr es
sakiTxs warmoadgenda ariozis mwvalebluri
az r is uar y o f a - ieso qr istes ar aR v228
Taebriobis Sesaxeb. ariozi daJinebiT icavda Tavis crumoZRvrebas da, ambobda, rom
- iyo dro, roca Ze R vTisa ar imy ofeboda
(e.i. ` ar iyo Sobili uwinares yo velT a
saukuneTa~) da igi aris qm nilebao (amitom
ar is mrwamsSi mim atebuli sityvebi `Sobili da ara qmnili~) . ariozis moZRvrebas
mxars uWerda z o gierTi episko p o si,
r o go r ebic iy vnen : evse vi nik o dim ie li,
Teognosti nikieli da marisi qalkedonel i. s aj ar o p ae qr o b aS i d as ax el eb ul i
mwvaleblebi dam arcxdnen. maT i mo ZRvr ebis uary ofaSi didi ro li iTamaSes wm. nikoloz m ironlukiis mT avarepiskoposma, wm.
spir ido n tr imifuntelm a, aleqsandr ieli
episko posis diakvanma wm. aTanasem da sxvebma. krebam erTxmad daadgina mwvalebel
ariozis da mis Tanamoaz reTa eklesiidan
gankveTa, r om lebmac TavianT i Secdom ebi
ar m oinanies. kr ebaze Sem uSavda sar wm unoebis sim bo lo s (kr edo s) , anu r ogor c
qar Tulad ewodeba - mrwam sis (warmoebuli - m r wam sis pir veli sity vidan `m r wam s~ ) teqsti (sar wm uno ebis si m bo lo s
teqsti Seivso, dazustda da misi saboloo
r edaqcia m iR ebul da dam tkicebul iqna
konstantinopolis II msoflio krebaze). 228
nikeis krebam dRis wesrigSi daayena aseve
aRdgomis dResaswaulis sakiTxic da dadginda, rom igi unda idResaswaulebodes erTdroulad yvela eklesiaSi, e.i. gazafxulis
mTvaris Sevsebis Semdeg pirvelsave kviras.229
krebaze damswre episkoposTa erT nawils surda daekanonebina mRvdlebisa da diakvnebis uqorwinebloba, magram am wamoyenebuli winadadebis winaaRm deg mkacrad
gailaSqra episkoposma pafnutim da krebas
miuTiTa, rom `vaiTu gadametebuli simkacriT ziani m ivayeno T eklesiaso~ , krebam,
bWobis Semdeg, mRvdlebisa da diakvnebis
dauqorwineblobis Sesaxeb wamoyenebuli azri
uaryo da gaiziara pafnutis Sexeduleba.
saq arTvel os ekle siis kalendar i, 1974 , gv. 130.
64
krebam, aseve daamtkica ama Tu im eklesiis mTavar warmomadgenelTa ierarqiuli da administraciuli normebi, urTierTSoris pativisa da uflebrivi mdgomareobis
Sesaxeb. krebam gamosca sul 20 kanoni~.
krebis dadgenilebis 20-ve muxli krebis mo nawile episkoposebis mier maT eparqiebSi, - Tav-TavianT i qveynebis mixedviT,
- ecnoba yvela eklesias. 22 9
II msoflio saeklesio kreba mowveul
iqna konstantinopolSi, 3 81 wlis maisSi
im per ato r T eo d o r is br Z anebiT . k r eba,
romelsac eswreboda 150 episkoposi, gaixsna wmida meleti antioqielis Tavm jdomareobiT, romlis gardacvalebis Semdeg krebi s T a vm j d o m ar eo ba d ae va la g r i go li
R vTism etyvels da bo lo s ko nstantino polel episkopos neqtarioss. krebam ganixila makedonis da mis Tanam oazreTa mwvalebluri swavleba, rom elic uaryofda suli
wmidis R vT aebriobas.
sarwmuno ebis si mbo lo s, grigo li
RvTism ety velis m iT iTebiT, wm ida m am ebma
daamates zogierTi gamoTqma Ze RvTisaze,
moZRvreba wmida sulze (`da suli wmida
uf ali da cxo velsm yo feli~...) , eklesiis
er Tiano baz e (` er Ti wm ida kaT o like~ ...) ,
naTlo bis saidum lo ze (` aR viareb erT sa
naT lisRebasa...~) da mkvdr eTiT aRdgom aze
(` moveli aR dgomasa~ ...).
krebam , romelmac SeimuSava da daamtkica 7 kanoni, m akedoni da misi T anam oazr eni ganiota, e.i. gankveTa.
am ave wlis 3 seqtem bers, akvileiSi
ambros mediolanelis TavmjdomareobiT mimdinareo bda sami mitr opo litis (m ilanis,
akvileis da sirm iis episko posTa) kreba, ario zelTa mo ZRvrebis dasagm obad. kr ebam
daadastur a nikeis kr ebis dadgenilebani
da gansakuTrebiT gausva xazi Ze RmerTis
maradiulobis, misi R vTaebrivi bunebis da
mama Rm erTTan Tanatolobis moZRvrebas. 229
II mso flio krebam gamosca epistole,
r om elic Sem deg dayves 7 kano nad. m e-3
kanons r omis eklesia uar yof s, r adgan am
me-3 kanonSi am aR lebulia konstantino polis episkoposis Rirseba r omis episkopo sis darad: ` radgan ko nstantino po li
axali ro mia~ , e.i. m ef is qalaqia (II m s.
kr ebis m e-3 kanoni) .
cnobilia, rom romSi kaTedrebis Rirsebas akavSirebdnen ara qalaqebis politikur
mniSvnelobasTan, aramed maTi Temis samociqulo warmo SobasTan, amitomac diptiqSi pi r ve l adg ilz e a y en ebd ne n r o m i s,
al eq san dr iis d a a nt io q ii s e kl esi eb s,
romelnic mociqul petres da misi mowafis
marko zis m ier iy vnen dafuZnebulni. r omaeli episko posebi r amdenime aswleulis
manZilze jiutad ewinaaRm degebodnen konstantinopo lis kaTedris am aRlebas~. 23 0
III msoflio saeklesio kreba Sedga
q. efesoSi, 431 wels, imperator Teodosi mciris (408-450 ) mo wveviT . krebas eswr eboda 20 0 episkoposi. 7 ivnisisaTvis
daniSnuli kr eba, dam abr ko lebeli m iz ezebisa gamo, gaixsna 22 ivniss, yovladwmida R vTismSoblis taZarSi, ro mlis Sua,
am aRlebul adgilas esvena wm ida saxar eba . k reba s T avm jdo mar eo bd a k iri le
aleqsandr ieli; krebis ganxilvis sagans
Seadgenda ko nstantinopolis m Tavarepiskopo s is - n esto r is m wv alebl ur i az r is
uaryof a, rom elic am tkicebda, rom mar iam ma dabada kaci, rom elsac mere Seuer Tda madliT sityva R vTisa, ase ro m, mar iam i ar iy o R vT is m So belio . nesto r i,
miuxedavad o Txgzis miwvevisa, krebaze ar
gamocxadebula. mas mxars uWerdnen zogier Ti episkoposi da mef is uwar Cinebulesi pirebi (didebulebi). krebaze sajar od
iqna wakiTxuli sarwmunoebis simbolo da
m is i Z ve l i, ni ne u r i va r i a nt i . kr e ba m
`saqarTve los ekl esiis k alendari, 197 8, gv. 174-17 6; ix. agreTv e: Ghfdbkf Cdzns[ F gjcnjkjd^
Cdzns[ Cj, jhjd Dctktycrb[ b Gj vtcnys[ b Cdzns[ Jnwjd c nj kmrjdfytvb$ 2 & V& 19 12^ c& 5^ saqarTve los
ekle siis k alendar i, 197 4, gv. 131; `mociqul Ta, ms oflio da adgilobrivi saekl esio kr ebebis a da
wmida mamaT a kano nTa komentareb i~, saR vTismet yvelo krebuli, 1987, #1, gv . 43; dogmatur-istor iuli
sakiT xeb i: a) ms ofl io saekl esio k reb ebis mok le kur si Se dge nil i a. l eb ede vis
, . III , 1896, . IV, 1904-is mix edviT; b) dogmaturi RvT ismetyvelebis mokle kur si Sedgenili
arqiepisko pos filaretis 1882-is mixedviT g. rux aZis
mier, Tb. 199 4; 230 saq arTvel os ekle siis kalendar i, 1974 , gv. 132.
229
m o ismina kir ile aleqsandr ielis kamaT i
nestor is winaaRm deg da am ukanasknelis
Txzuleba. kr ebam er Tsulovnad scno wm.
kiriles m ier mo yvanili ar gum entebis SeTanxm ebuloba nikeis (3 25 w.) kr ebis aR sa r eb asT an, xo lo ne sto r is ax sna -ga nmartebani ki cr um oZRvrebad.
kr ebis m o nawile wm ida m am aT a m ier
kr ebam damatebiT moismina saRm rTo werilidan damowmebuli adgilebi RvTis sityvis (logosis) ganxor cielebis Sesaxeb,
- er etiko sebi dam xo bilad gam o acxades.
krebam Tavisi dadgenileba, m eore dResve
(23 ivniss) ganucxada nesto rs da wer ilo biT acnoba im perator s.
kr ebaze, sxva sakiTxT an erTad gair Ca
kvipro seli episko posis - r eginis saCivari - ioane antio qiel episkopo sze; es
ukanaskneli cdilo bda kvipr osis kunZulis Tavisadmi daqvem debar ebas, m iuxedavad im isa, ro m kvipr osis eklesias m o ciqulTa dro idan mar Tavda dam oukidebeli episkoposi, rom elic kunZulis episkopo sTa mier iyo arCeuli, r asac, r ogo rc
kanonikur aqts, ganamtkicebda nikeis kr ebis is dadgenilebac, ro m lis m ixedviT
y vela eklesias (f ar T o cnebiT ) Senar Cunebuli hqo nda sakuT ar i upir ateso ba
m ar Tva-gam geo bis m xr iv.
sagulisxm o a, r om 8 ivniss, ro m lis
wina dR esac efesos krebis gaxsna iyo navaraudevi, zemo xsenebuli ioane antioqieli, SeT anxmda episkoposTa erT nawilTan
da erTo ba ganucxada nestors. maT calke
moiwvies kreba, razedac kirile aleqsandrieli eretikosad, xolo misi kr eba ki
ukanonod gamo acxades. moxda is, rom am
o rive krebis dadgenilebebi imperator s
erTdroulad miuvida fostiT. imperatorma
T avdapir velad ganiz r axa nesto r isa da
kiriles patimr obaSi ay vana, magram male
gaecno saqm is namdvil viT ar ebas da wm .
ki r i les T avm j d o m a r eo bi T C at ar e bu li
msoflio krebis yvela dadgenileba daamtkica (seqtemberSi), xolo nestori antioqiis maxlo blad m debar e erT-erT m onas231
65
terSi Caamwyvdia. efesos krebam gamo sca 8

kano ni da 1 episto le pam filiis krebisadmi (m cire aziaSi iy o), ro melic me-9
kanonad iwodeba~ . 23 1
IV
msofl io sa ek l es io k r eba
m owveul iqna q. qalkidonSi, 451 wels.

kreba, romelsac Tavm jdomareobda konstantinopo leli anato li, - gaixsna 8 o qtombers da dasrulda 1 noembers. krebaze
m onawileo bas iR ebda saqr istiano m sof lios 630 episkoposi.
kr eb is gan xilvis um T avr es sak iT xs
Seadgenda konstantinopoleli arqimandritis - evt iqis m wvaleblur i swavlebis
uar y o f a. evtiqi am tkicebda, r o m ieso
qristeSi iy o m xo lo d er Ti R vTaebr ivi
buneba da erTi nebisyofa. kacis buneba da
kacis nebisyofa ki CanTqmuli iyo RvTaebrivi bunebisa da nebisy of is miero . am
swavlas ewodeba monofizito ba (berZ.) , anu
erTbunebianoba. krebaze wakiTxul iqna pap
levis werili, r om elSic gadm o cem ulia
dogmati, rom ìeso qriste aris WeSmariti RmerTi da WeSmariti kaci, Cveni m sgavsi, codvis gar eSe; ganxo rcielebisas m as
aqvs erT i piri da ori buneba, Seer Tebuli masSi erT pir ad, Seurevnelad da ganuyof elad~. IV mso flio krebam ` rom elsac
Zegl m arT lmadideblo bisa~ ewoda, ganaCina,
aR iaro s qristeSi SeerT eba or bunebaT a:
ganuyo flad, ganuyrelad, Seurevnelad da
uqcevelad. 1) ganuyof lad - e.i. or i buneba
SeerT ebuli qristeSi, ar Seadgens calke
arsebul pirovnebas, aramed or ive buneba
SeerTebulia erTgvamo vnad. 2) ganuyrelad
- e.i. Seer Teba o ri bunebisa, dawy ebuli
RvTis sityvis ganxor cielebis pir vel wamidanve, gagrZelda da grZeldeba m aradis.
kacoba ieso Si arasodes ar yof ila gansakuTr ebul pir ovnebad, ar am ed m iR ebul
iy o misi R vTaebriobis pir ovnebis erT obaSi er T gvamo vnebad. 3) Seur evnelad e.i. or i buneba ieso qristeSi ar Sereula erTm aneTSi ise, r om maTgan Sem dgariyo
mesame buneba, aramed orive buneba imyofeba masSi, rogorc ori sxvadasxvagvari buneba.
saqarTvelos eklesiis kalendari, 1978, gv. 177-178; saqarTvelos eklesiis kalendari, 1974, gv. 132.
66
4) uqcevelad - e.i. RvTis Zisagan kacuri

bunebis miRebiT ar Secvlila arc RvTaebrivi da arc kacuri buneba, arc RvTaebrivi buneba qceula kacurad, arc kacuri
RvTaebrivad. TiToeuli buneba, SeerT ebis
Semdegac, darCa ucvalebelad da mTelad.
kr ebam evtiqi da m isi T anam o az r eni
(monof izitebi) ganiota, e.i. gankveTa, qristianul m sof lio Si maT swavlas misdevs
som exTa eklesia.
krebam gamosca sul 30 kanoni. 231
m s of l io
sa ekl esi o
k reba
m owveul iqna iustiniane I-is (527-565)

brZanebiT , konstantinopolSi 553 wels.
krebam muSaoba daiwyo 4 maiss da daamTavra
2 ivniss. misi pirveli sxdoma Sedga patriarqis sasaxlis er T-erT darbaz Si, wm.
so fiis m axloblad. Tavm jdom areobda patr iar qi evtiqi. krebas eswr ebo da sul
165 m am a. im per ator s sur da Seer igebina
monofizitebi (e.i. erTbunebianebi) da dio fizitebi (e.i. o rbunebianebi) , anu m ar T lm adideblebi. m ono fiz itebi Serigebis
pirobad sakiT xs ay enebdnen sam sasuliero pir ze, romlebic IV krebaze iqnen gasamarTlebulni. eseni iyvnen: Teodo re mofsueteli, iva edeseli da Teodorite kvireli. kr ebaz e sazeimod iqna damtkicebuli
ra qalkidonis krebis yvela dadgenileba,
mimdinare krebis me-5 da me-8 sxdomebze,
daamxes z emo xsenebuli m onof izitebi da
maTi T xz ulebani, ro mlebiTac isini
nesto r is cr um o ZR vr ebas esarClebo dnen.
amasTan erTad kr ebam daamtkica wina msoflio krebaTa dadgenilebanic. 23 2
VI
msofl io sa ek l es io k r eba
mowveul iqna imperator konstantine poR onatis (668 -685) brZanebiT 68 0 wels,
qalaq ko nstantino po lSi. kr ebas eswreboda 168 mama. krebis mizani iyo mwvalebel
m o n o Te l it e b is dam x o b a, r om l e b ic
monofiz itebis Semdeg gaCndnen da saxelmwifoSi religiur ganxeTqilebas qm nidnen.
isini amtkicebdnen, r o m ieso qr isteSi
iyo erTi, RvT aebrivi nebisyo fa.
` am an wmidaman kr ebam an sar wm unoebiT

da mo wled Seiwynar a ebistole wm idisa
da netarisa agaTo n hromTa papisa Y, mowerili RvTismsaxurisa mef isa... ko nstantinesa, romelsa Sina weril ars saxeldebiT gankueTa Y da ganyraY yovelTa Y, rom elTa
qadages erTi neba Y da er Ti saqme gankacebisa gangebulebasa Sina qristes RmrT isa
Cuenisasa egreT ve saxed~ (mcire sj uliskano nidan). 23 2
trulis krebis kanonebi. V da VI
msoflio krebebze ganixilebo da mxolod
dogmaturi sakiT xebi da disciplinaruli
kanonebi mas ar gamoucia, magram VI msoflio krebidan 10 wlis Semdeg, 69 1 wlis
1 seqtem ber s imperator iustiniane II-is
m owveviT sasaxlis trulis (`gumbaTis~ )
palataSi Seikriba 227 mama konstantinopolis, aleqsandriis, antio qiis, ierusalimis patriarqebisa da romis papis legatebis TavmjdomareobiT. krebis sxdomebi gagrZelda zustad 1 weli, 692 wlis 31 agvistomde da Tavisi moR vaweoba gamoamz eura
saeklesio-disciplinaruli kano nebiT .
am V-VI-ed wodebuli krebis 10 2 kanons mar Tlmadideblur eklesiaSi aqvs msoflio krebaT a kano nebis avtor iteti. 23 2
VII msoflio saeklesio kreba Sedga
787 wels, q. nikeaSi. gagrZelda 1 weliwadi. krebas eswreboda sul 367 episkopo si. qristianeTa ukanaskneli devna
gamowveuli iyo xatTa Tayvaniscem is gamo
da xsenebuli krebis mizanic xatTa Tayvaniscem is aR dgeniT gamo ixateboda. xatT a
TayvaniscemisaT vis qristianT a devna, iyo
ukanaskneli da xangrZlivi. nikeis kr ebam,
ro melmac gam osca 22 kano ni, ganamtkica
xatTa T ayvaniscema. 23 3
amis Semdeg, 843 wels, konstantinopolis adgilobrivma krebam, romelic moiwvies bizantiis m cir ewlo vanm a keisarm a
m iqael III-m (8 42-8 67) da dedam ism a Teodoram, anaTema gamoucxada yvela xatmebrZols da xatTayvaniscemis sabolo o zeimi
aRiniSna (saq. ekl. kal., 1974, gv. 133).
saq arTvel os ekle siis kalendar i, 1978, gv. 177-178; saqarTvelos eklesiis kal endari, 1974, gv.
132; 233 iqv e, gv. 177-17 8; iqve , gv. 132.
232
67
ad gi lo briv i kreb eb is k an on eb i
o r i a d gi l o br i v i k r eb a , r o m el T a
kano nebi Sevida m ar T lm adide blur i eklesiis kanonikur kodeqsSi, Sedga I mso flio krebamde. pirveli maT gani iyo ankirisa. moiwvies 3 14 w. galateas provinciis mT avar qalaqSi.
kesar ia-kapadokiaSi 314 welsave Sedga
kr eba, daaxlo ebiT 3 19 wels ki neokesar iis kr eba m o iwvies, daaxlo ebiT 340
wels Sedga R angris (gangr is) kr eba, maTi
kanonebis Semdeg kano nikur krebulSi Sedis antioqiis kr ebis 25 kano ni. antioqiis aR niSnuli krebis (daaxl. 3 30 -340
ww.) kanonebis Semdeg kano nikur kodeqsSi Sesulia 60 kanoni laodikiis krebisa. aqvea sardikiis 343-344 wlebis, kar Tagenis (419 ) kano nebis da ko nstantinopolis 3 94 wlis dadgenileba.
patriarq fotis saxelT anaa dakavSir ebuli konstantino polis sami kr eba: 861,
869 da 879 wlebisa. pirvelma maT ganm a,
or gzisma, Semdgarm a wm . m ociqulebis taZa r S i im pe r a t o r m ix ei l II I -i sa , pa pi s
legatebisa da 3 18 episko posis m o nawi234
D& F & Wsgby^ Wthr jdyjt Ghfdj^ V&^ 19 94^ c& 61&
leobiT, daam tkica wm. fo tis arCeva sapatriarqo kaT edr aze da wm . ignatis dam xo ba. 8 69 wlis kr ebam papis mo T xo vniT
gaauqm a wina krebis dadgenileba, gam oacxada wm . f otis gadadgom a da dedaqalaqis
kaTedraze ignatis aRdgena. 8 79 wlis ko nstantinopolis kr eba mo iwvies wm. sof iis taZarSi. mas Tavmjdomareo bda sapatr iar qo R irsebaSi aRdgenili wm. foti ukve
wm . i gnatis si kvdilis S em deg. kr ebaSi
mo nawileo bda 383 mama aRmo savleT isa da
dasavleT is eklesiebisa. krebam aR adgina
gawyvetili urT ier To ba aRm osavluri da
dasavlur i eklesiebisa.
T iT oeulma am kr ebam gamo sca kano nebi. kaT o l ikur i ekles ia aR i ar ebs 8 69
wli s kr eb as, r o go r c VIII m so f li o s.
amis sapir ispir o d m ar T lmadidebeli ekle sia ka no ni kur m n iSv nel o bas an iWe bs
m xo l o d o r g z i si kr e b is k an o ne b s d a
ag r eT v e wm . so f iis ta Zr is kr e bas da
u ar y o f s 8 6 9 w li s k r e b as . o r gz i sm a
kr e bam ga m o sca 17, wm . so f i is taZ r is
kr ebam 3 kanoni. 23 4
68
w mi d a m am aT a k a no n eb i
kanonikur krebebSi msgavsad nikeemdeli epoqis wm. mam ebis kano nebisa, Sevida
aseve kanonebi cxra mamisa, romelTac ixsenebs trulis kr ebis me-2 kanoni. esenia:
wm. wm . aTanase didi, basili didi, grigoli RvT ismetyveli, gr igoli no seli, amf iloqe iko nieli, kir ile aleqsandr ieli, genadi konstantino po leli, agreTve
tim oTe da T eofile aleqsandrielebi da
kanonikuri epistole wm. tarasi konstantino po lelisa, r omelic iy o ukve tr ulis krebis Semdeg.
wm. aT anase didi (+ 372) - mebrZoli
nikeis rwmenisa, mar Tlmadideblobis mamad
wodebuli, avtori dogmatikuri, apologetikuri da polemikuri Txzulebebisa. kanonikur krebulSi Sevida misi 3 epistole.
wm. basili didis (+ 379) kanonebi gansakuT rebulad m niSvnelo vania saeklesio
samarT lisaTvis. wm. basili aRizarda qristianul o jaxSi, ganaTleba aTenSi miiRo.
egviptis, sir iis, palestinisa da meso po tam iis m o nastr ebis m olo cvis Semdeg
wmidani ganmartovda Tavis megobar grigoli nazianzelTan erTad udabur adgilas,
saidanac 370 w. miiwvies saepiskoposo samsaxurisaTvis kesar ia-kapadokiaSi. wm . basili meTaurobda mar Tlmadidebel episkopo sebs pontos dio cezisa da m Teli aRmosavleTis arianuli da naxevrad arianuli
eresis winaaRmdeg sabrZolvelad. basili didis
dogmatikuri Txzulebani, rogorc nawerebi
wm. aTanase da wm. grigoli RvTismetyvelisa,
gaxda safuZveli marTlmadidebluri trinitaruli RvTismetyvelebisa. kanonikur krebebSi Sevida 92 kanoni wm. basilisa.
wm . grigo l noseli (+3 95) , umcro si
Zma basili didisa, cnobilia Tavisi daxvewili saR vTism ety velo da f ilo so fiuri ganaTlebiTa da moSurneobiT WeSmari te bi s d ac v is aT v is c r us wa v le bi s ag an .
235
D& W sgby^ Wthrjdyjt Ghfdj^ c& 61&
kanonikur krebulSi Sevida misi 1 epistole dayofili 8 kanonad.

wm. grigoli RvTismetyveli (+389 ), megobari iyo wm. basili kesarielisa. kanonikur ko deqsSi Sesulia misi leqsad dawerili CamonaTvali Zveli da axali aRTqmis wmida wignebisa.
w m . a m f i lo q e ik o n i e li s ( + 39 5 )
analo giur i Sinaarsis epistolea Sesuli
kanonikur krebulSi.
wm. tim o T es, aleqsandr ieli mT avar episkoposis (+385), wm. aTanases mowafis,
18 pasuxia Sesuli saeklesio wy ar oebis
kr ebulSi, es pasuxebi m an gasca episkopo sebisa da sam Rvdeloebis kiTxvebs.
wm. aleqsandrieli T eofiles 14 kanonia
Se su li k an o ni ku r kr eb ulS i. i gi i y o
mdevneli wm . ioane o qr opirisa, aleqsandriuli saRvTismetyvelo skola II-IV ssSi yvela sxva saeklesio skolas aRemateboda T avisi swavlebiT. wm. kirile aleqsandrieli (+444) iyo mcveli marTlmadidebluri qristologiisa nestorianelTa eresisagan. kano nikur krebulSi m oTavsebulia agr eTve episto le m T avarepiskopo s
genadisa (+ 471) , ko nstantino po lis 459
wlis krebis mamebTan erTad simoniis Sesaxeb da wm . tar asis, ko nstantino po leli
patriarqisa (+80 9), romis pap adrianesTan
aseve sim oniis Sesaxeb. wm . tarasis episto leTi mTavr deba umT avresi kanonikuri
kr ebuli marT lm adideblur i eklesiisa.
zogierT umTavres krebulSi damatebiT
Sesulia wm. ioane mmarxvelis (+595) `kanonikoni~, SemdegSi damuSavebuli mRvdelmonazon maTeos blastaris mier. igi iqca saxelmZRvanelod sasuliero pirebisaTvis (da
CarTulia berZnul kanonikur krebulebSi:
`pidalionsa~ da àTenis sintagmaSi~). `pidalionis~ zogierT krebulSi Sesulia wm.
nikif ore aR msareblis (+8 18) kanonebi. 23 5
69
k an o ni k uri kre bu l eb i
m so f lio krebaTa epo qaSi arsebobda
uxvi saeklesio kano nikuri masala, aman
gamo iwvia aucilebloba misi ko dif ikaciisa, Seiqm na kr ebulebi, ro melT a daniSnuleba iyo, xeli Seewyo aRniSnuli masalis praqtikuli gamo yenebisaTvis.
msoflio krebaTa epo qis krebulebi SeiZleba davyoT sam j gufad:
1. kanonikurni, romelnic Seicavs mxolod saeklesio kanonebs;
2. samo qalaqo, romelnic Seicavs mxo lo d sa xelm wif o kan o neb s sa ekle sio
saqm eT a Sesaxeb;
3. Ser euli krebulebi, romlebic Seicavs r ogorc erT, ise meore kanonebs _
nom okano nebi (ber Znuli sity vidan `no mo~
_ sj uli ( pfrjys ) da `kano ni~ (am Jamad
`nomo~ iTargmneba, r ogorc kanoni, magram
Cans, Zvel saqarTveloSi `no mo~ iTar gmneboda rogorc `sjuli~, `kanoni~ ki saeklesio sj uli) .
kanonikur krebulebs yofdnen or tipad: qro no lo giur ad, ro melSic krebaTa
da mam aTa kanonebi qronolo giuri mimdevrobiT iyo moyvanili da sistematurad, romelSic saeklesio-sam ar Tlebrivi masala dajguf ebuli iy o T avebis, ganyo filebebis,
r ubr ikeb-titulebis m ixedviT .
p ir ve li C ve nT vi s c no bi li q ro no lo giuri krebul i daka vSireb ulia
saqarTvelos mezo bel ponto s diocez Tan
- e. w. p o n to s kr eb ul i, m as Si S ev id a
ankiris, kesariis da neokesariis krebebis
kanonebi (Cemi azriT, Tu saqarTvelos uSualo mez obel pontos diocezSi Rrm a Seswavlis obieqti iyo saeklesio kanonikuri
sam ar Tali, CvenSic unda hqo nodaT war m odgena, Tu pr aqtikuli gamo yeneba ara,
aRniSnuli krebulis Sesaxeb) .
Sem dgo m Si, po nto s kr ebuls daem ata
sxva kanonebi IV-V ss-isa, qrono logiuri
Sesabamisobis m ixedviT . ker Zo d, gangrisa
(R angris) da antioqiis krebebisa, sino psisi _ Semoklebuli gadmocema _ kanonebisa, gam ocem ulni aseve Cveni m ez o beli
frigiis provinciis krebebis mier, ro melTac ewodebo daT laodikiis krebis kanonebi da bo los II m so f lio krebis epistole, j er kidev kano nebad dauyof eli. am
krebuliT sargeblobdnen qalkedonis krebis mamebi. IV msoflio krebam Tavisi 1-li
kanoniT daamtkica saer To saeklesio avtoriteti am kodeqsisa, romelsac ewoda
qalkedo nis kr ebuli. gangra, f r igia da
laodikia, ro gorc aR iniSna, saqarTvelos
mezo blad mdebareobdnen.
Seqmnili iyo sxva qronologiur i krebulebi, magram qronologiur rigz e dawyobili kano nebi m ouxerxebeli iy o pr aqtik uli g am o y e nebis dr o s, Zn eldeb o da
moZieba saWiro kanonisa, amitomac ukve VI
s-dan gamoCnda saeklesio kanonebis pirveli
berZnuli sistematur i krebuli, 60 titulovani (titlovani). masSi mTeli masala
dalagebuli iyo 60 T avad, anu titulad Sinaar sis Sesabam isad.
Cvenamde moaRwia pr esviter ioane sqolastiko sis (ase uwodebdnen im dr ois advokatebs) sistemurm a kr ebulm a, ro m elsac uwoda `sinagoga saRm rT o da wmida
kanonebisa dayofili 50 Tavad (titulad)~.
VI-VII ss-Si konstantinopolSi gamoCnda
kanonebis axali krebuli `kanonikuri sintagm a~ - gayofili or nawilad. pirveli
nawili - sistematuria, masSi mTeli masala
d a y o f i l i a 1 4 r u b r i k ad - t i t ul a d ,
romelnic, Tavis mxriv, dayofilia Tavebad.
meore nawilSi igive kanonebi ganlagebulia
qr ono logiur i T anm imdevr obiT. cno bilia
agreTve sxva sistematuri krebulebic.
romaulm a samoqalaqo samarTalma, saeklesios m sgavsad, adr ebiz antiur epo qaSi
ganicada kodificireba (kodifikacia). Sedgenil iqna sakanonm deblo krebulebi, r om-
70
lebSic Sevida rogor c qristianobamdeli

im perator ebis, ise qristiani imperato rebis kanonebi, adrebizantiuri sakanonmdeblo aqtebi gamoicemo da imperiis saxelmwifo laT inur enaze. 438 wels gamoica
Teodosis `kodeqsi~. kanonebi am ` kodeqsSi~ day ofilia 16 wignad, romelnic dayofilia Tavebad (titulebad). bolo me-16
wigni Seicavs saxelmwifo kanonebs, romelnic
Seexeba saeklesio saqm eebs.
iustiniane didma (527-565) gamosca fundamenturi krebulebi romauli samarTlisa,
romelT ac uwodes `saero samarTlis korpusi~ (Corpus iuris civ ilis).
am korpusSi Sedis 4 krebuli:
1. `dadgenilebaTa kodeqsi~. masSi Sevida
im peratorT a kanonebi adrianedan (117 w.)
iustinianes bolo kanonamde (534 w.). krebuli dayofilia 12 wignad, TiTo euli wigni
titulebad. saeklesio saqmeebs exeba pirveli wignis dasawyisi titulebi. gamo ica
orjer 529 da 534 wlebSi, pirvels ewoda
`Zveli~, axals - `Sesworebuli~.
2. (meore krebuli iustinianesi) `digestebi~, anu `pandeqtebi~. gamoqveynda 533
w. dayo filia 50 wignad. Sedis warmodgenili epoqis iuristebis ganm artebebi.
3. (mesame krebuli iustinianesi) - ìnstitucia~, dayof ilia 4 wignad. wignebi
titulebad, titulebi par agr af ebad. is
SeiZleba iTqvas, r om aris saxelmZRvanelo samarTlebrivi masalis Sesaswavlad.
4. (m eo T xe kr ebuli iustinianesi) ewodeba àxali dadgenilebani~, anu `novelebi~ - esaa iustinianes is kanonebi,
romelnic gamoica `kodeqsis~ gamoqveynebis
Semdeg. `novelebi~, ZiriTadad, dawerilia
berZnul enaze. pirveli TariRdeba 535 wliT.
saeklesio sakiTxSi iustinianes kanonebis ZiriTadi adresati, ro gorc wesi, konstantino polis patr iarqia, 23 6 m agram br Zanebebi sxva patriar qebsac egzavnebodaT.
236
D& W sgby^ W thrjdyj t Ghfdj^ c& 6 8$
237
`novelis~ , anu br Zanebis miRebis Semdeg

patr i ar qebi m a T ugz avn idnen m it r o po l i te b s , sa i d a n ac i s in i e g z a v n e b o d a T
episkoposebs da ase Semdeg _ monastrebsa
da samr evloebs. es novelebi erT wignad
Sekr ibes iustinianes sikvdilis Sem deg.
741 wels gamoica lev isavrosisa da
konstantine ko prinim is (qar T velebi mas
uwo deben ko nstantine sko res) `kanonebis
ekloga~. es imperatorebi xatm ebr Zolebi
iy vnen, am itom ac igi m ar Tlmadideblobis
dam tkicebis Sem deg m iaweres IX s-is imperator ebs _ lev br Zensa da mis Svils
ko n stan tine s.
im per ator m a basili m akedo nelm a da
misma Svilma lev brZenma gamosces ramdenim e kr ebuli r o m aul-biz antiur i samarTlisa. esenia: `proxironi~ da `basiliki~. ` basilikSi~ Sevida mxolod is Zveli kano nebi, romelT ac ar hqondaT Zala
dakar guli imperator basili makedonelis mmar Tvelobisas. krebuli dayof ilia 60
wignad. wignebi - titulebad, titulebi Tavebad, Tavebi - paragraf ebad. saeklesio
saqmeT a Sesaxeb lapar akia 1, 3, 4, da 5
wignebSi. am basilisa da m isi Svilebis
sulier i m am a-aR m z rdeli iy o ilar ioni,
qarT veli wmidani.
XII s-Si bizantiaSi iuridiul Zalas
aniWebdnen iustinianes `korpusis~ mxolod
im kano nebs, romelnic `basilikebis~ krebulSi iyo Sesuli. balsamonma aseve gadaxeda ` nomokanonis~ kanonebs, am dros maTi
mniSvnelobis kriterium ad miiCnia Semdegi garemoeba: Setanili iyo Tu ar a isini
` basilikSi~ . es iy o bizantiur i samarT lebrivi reforma, ro melic, Cveni azriT,
saeWvoa, ro m asaxuliyo qarT ul saeklesio sam arTalSi, radgan, rogorc cnobilia, ar c `basiliki~ da arc balsamonis ganmartebebi qarT ulad Targmnili ar yofila (slavurSi ar Sevida amave miz eziT). 237
71
` nomoka nonebi ~
a s e u w o d e b dn e n T a v d ap i r ve l kr e bulebs, romlebic Seicavda rogor c saeklesio , iseve sam o qalaqo kano nebs saeklesio saqm eT a Sesaxeb.
uZvelesi ` no mo kano ni~ miewer eba io ane sqo lastiko ss, T um ca misi avto ro ba
saeWvodaa m iCneuli. miakuTvneben VI s-s.
yvelaz e cnobili da istoriulad mniSvnelovani saeklesio-sam arT lebrivi krebulia _ `nomokanoni 14 titulovani~. misi
Seqm na m iewer eba ko nstantino polel patriarqs wm. fotis. amJamad miiCneven, rom
igi Sedgenilia ori avtoris mier da arsebobs misi ori redaqcia sxvadasxva epoqisa. pir veli redaqcia miewereboda ko nstantino po lis patr iar qs sergis (610 63 8) (es sergi iy o kirosis, savaraudod
qarTvelTa kaTalikosis kirionis, megobari).
` 14-titulo vani no m okano ni~ Sedgeba
ori nawilisagan. pir veli nawili, romelsac aseve `nomokanoni~ ewodeba, gayofilia 14 titulad, titulebi Tavebad, aqvs
kanonTa saCvenebeli. T iTo euli rubrikis
qveS gamoyofilia samoqalaqo kanonebi Tavisa da titulis Tematikis mixedviT. krebulis m eore nawils ewodeba `sintagm a~,
Sedgeba kanonebis teqstebisagan, r om el238
nic ganlagebulia qro nologiuri Tanmimdevro biT .

`14-titulovani nomo kanonis~ meo re redaqcia Sedgenilia 8 8 3 wels. z o gierT i
mecnieri m as m iawers wm. f otis. fo tis
`nomo kanonSi~ warmodgenilia yvela kanoni , Se tani li s akan o nm d eblo ko d eqsS i,
r o m els ac dR es vicn o bT . esaa y velaz e
sruli da saxmarad m osaxerxebeli krebuli, am itomac man berZnuli eklesiidan gandevna yvela sxva kompilacia. aqedan gamomdinare, 920 wlis ko nstantinopolis krebam saz eim o d daam tkica ` 14-titulo vani
nomokanoni~, rogorc sayovelTao d savaldebulo ko deqsi msoflio eklesiisaTvis. amJamad, fotis `no mokanonis~ `sintagma~ warm o a dg en s m ar T l m ad id e bl ur i e kl es ii s
kanonikur kr ebuls. 23 8
imis gamo, rom 920 wlis konstantinopolis krebam `14-titulovani no mokanoni~ sayovelTaod savaldebulod daamtkica msof lio eklesiisaTvis, unda vifiqroT,
ro m iqamde qarTul eklesiaSi ar sebuli
Zveli saeklesio-sam ar T lebrivi ko deqsebi mouxmareblobisa da gadauwerlobis gamo
TandaTan amoRebul iqna xmarebidan da amdenad, ver moaRwia Cvenamde.
72
kanonTa ganmartebani, aristine, zonara, balsamoni

bizantiuri epo qis saeklesio samar Tlis damaxasiaTebeli niSania adre gamocemuli kano nebis ganmartebani. kanonebis ganmar tebebs berZeni iuristebi uwo deben
sqolioebs, xolo laTinebi _ glosebs.
T avdapirvelad, sqolio ebs werdnen xelnawer T a ar eebz e. m aT hqo ndaT SeniSvnebisa da ganm ar tebebis xasiaTi calkeuli
sityvisa Tu kano nebis zo gierT i adgilisaTvis. T andaTanobiT z ogierT i Zveli sqolio Seitanes sam arT lis teqstSi, anda
TviT on gadaiqcnen T avisTavad kano nad.
aleqsi ar istine - eladeli iyo , miiRo iur idiuli ganaT leba, eWira m aR ali
sam o qala qo T a nam deb o ba. ko nst antin o po lSi miiwvia imper ator ma io ane ko mnenosm a diakvno basT an er T ad m an daiWir a
umaRlesi saxelm wifo Tanamdebobani no m of ilaqsisa, da bolo s, saeklesio T anam debo ba _ sapatr iar qo eklesiis didi
eko no mo sisa. gardaicvala 1166 wlis Sem deg. im per a to r is d avalebi T ar ist inem
Se ad gin a k an o ni ku r i ` s ino psi si s~ ga nm ar tebani (daaxl. 1130 wels) .
ioane z onar a cno bili biz antieli

kanonisti, cxovro bda imper ator Ta: aleqsis da io anes dr os. eWir a didi saxelm wif o Tanamdebo bani, co l-Svilis sikvdilis Sem deg berad aR ikveca. dawer a sxvadasxva Txz uleba, maT So ris f o tis
` no m o ka n o n i s ~ ` si n t ag m is ~ ga n m a r t eb a
(daaxl. 1142 wlis Sem deg) . no m okano nis
pirveli nawilis ganm ar teba ar m o ucia
( es n aw i l i S e ic a vs e kl e s ii s Se s a xe b
sam o qalaqo kano nebs) .
T eo d o r balsa m o ni - X II s-is y velaz e avtor itetuli kano nisti. daibada
ko nstantino po lSi. im per ato r m anuilis
dro s eWir a sapatriar qo nom o filaqsisa
da xar to f ilaq sis T anam d ebo ba ni. 1 19 3
wels aiyvanes antio qi is patri arqis
taxtz e, m agram am dr os antio qia jvar osnebs eWir aT, amito m balsamo ns ar dauto veb ia ko n sta ntin o po li. es iy o i m per ato r isaak angelo sis dr os.
nikita xo niatis T qm iT , im per ato r i
isaak angelosi dahpirda balsamo ns, ro m
konstantino po lis patriar qis kaTedr az e
gadaiyvanda antio qiis patr iarqis kaT edridan, T uki igi am aqtis dam a m tkicebel
ganm ar t ebebs Seadgen da. Sesabam i si ganm ar teba balsam o nm a gadasca episkopo sT a
krebas, m agram aRm oCnda, ro m es sabuT i
imper ator s esaWiro eboda, raTa konstantino po lis k aT edr az e gadm o ey vana m isT vis sasur veli ierusalimeli patr iar qi do siTeosi. 23 9 (imper ator s SeeZlo sapat r iar q o tax tz e a ey van a m is T vis sasur veli pir i anda gadm oeyvana sxva kaT edr idan. konstantinopolis, aleqsandriis, ier usalim is, antio qiis sapatr iarqoebi er T eklesias Seadgendnen er Ti ` saeklesio wesierebis uzenaesi m cveliT ~ (e.i.
i m p e r a t o r - T av i T )
da
zo gje r
sa e r T o
sinodiT _ kr ebiT) .
balsam o nm a m iiR o davaleba, Seedgina
m T li ani ` 1 4- tit ulo va ni no m o k ano ni s~
ganmartebebi da ar a mxolod `sintagm isa~ .
am dr oisaTvis miiCneoda, ro m `nom okano nSi~ Sesul iustin ianes kano nebsa da
im dr os biz antiaSi m oqmed kanonmdeblo -
73
bas Sor is, ro melic Sesuli iyo ` basilikebSi~, ar iy o Sesaty viso ba.
balsam o nma ` no mo kanonis~ ganm ar tebis dr os aRiar a, r om Zaladakargulad unda
C aT v l il i y o i u st i ni a n es i s k a no n e bi ,
r om elnic m ar T alia Sesuli iy o ` no mo kanonSi~, m agram ar iy o `basilikebSi~. 24 0
b al s am o ni am a r T l eb s i m pe r at o r T a
y o vel gva r qm ede bas sa ekl esio sa qm e T a
m a r T va Si. icav s ko nsta ntin o po l is p at r i ar qi s up ir at es o ba s sx va s ap at r i a r qo e b T a n Se d a r e b i T . b a ls a m o n s aq v s
agr eT ve 66 kano nikur i pasuxi, ro melic
nom o kanonis ganm ar tebasTan er Tad Sevida àT enis sintagm aSi~ .
ukve XIII s-dan `nomokanonebi~, romelTac ar gaaCndaT `ganmartebani~ (aR niSnuli
kanonistebisa) iT vlebo dnen m o Zvelebulad da gamo vidnen xm ar ebidan.
XIV s-Si aseT ive sam uSao m aT e blastar m a Seasrula. 2 4 1
komentatorTa axali Taobis war momadgenelni arian serbeTis episkoposi nikodime242
da ioane smolenskeli episkoposi. 243
D& Wsgby^ Wthrjdyjt Ghfdj^ c& 87$ 240 D& Wsgby^ Wthrjdyjt Ghfdj^ c& 87& uTiTebs: Iuris ecclesiastici
graecorum historia et monumenta. I.B. Pitra. Romae, t. I, 1864; t. II, 1868; Sun tagma twn Jeiw n kai i r vn
kaanon wn tvn agiw n kai paneujhm wn Apfstolwn kai tvn ie rvn oikoumenikwn kai topikvn Suod wn,
ka i kata m erV ag iw n pa te rw n, ek doJe n u po G.A . Ra llh, P otlh . AJ h n , 1 85 2-1 85 9, tom. I-IV; 2 4 1
. , 1892; 242 Ghfdbkf ghfdjckfdyjq Wthrdb c
njkrjdfybzvb Ybrjlbvf tg& Lfkvfncrj-bcnhbqcrjuj^ CG<^ I^ 1911^ II^ 1912$ 243 (Jgsn rehcf wthrjdyjuj
pfrjyjdtltybz)^ CG<^ 1851$ saRvTismetyvelo krebuli, 1987, #1, gv. 1-3.
239
74
Tavi
meore
saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebis pirveli qarTuli Targmanebi
saeklesio samarTali, saeklesio-administraciuli mmarT-
kidebloba I, II da III msoflio krebebma

ar SezRudes, magram qalkedonis msof-
velobis sferoSi, garkveul

cvlilebebs ganicdida epoqaTa Sesabamisad. sxvagvari iyo
is nikeamdeli da aseve qalkedonamdeli eklesiebisaTvis, sx-
lio krebis Semdeg man garkveuli cvlilebebi ganicada. am dros moxda eklesiaTa gaerTianeba avtokefaluri eklesiebis Semcirebis kvaldakval. imis gasarkvevad, Tu administraciuli mmarTvelobis
vagvaria is e.w. àxali eklesiebisaTvis~ (igulisxmeba is eklesiebi, romelnic konstantinopolis wiaRidan gamovidnen
da misgan miiRes avtokefalia.
esenia, ruseTis, bulgareTis,
rumineTisa da sxva àxali~
eklesiebi).
mxriv ra uflebebiT sargeblobda saqarTvelos eklesia, unda gairkves es eklesia qalkedonamdeli eklesiaa Tu qalkedoniis krebis Semdeg Camoyalibda. wyaroebis analizi aCvenebs, rom saqarTvelos
eklesia nikeamde, anda nikeis krebis paralelurad Camoyalibda (amiT, cxadia, is
qalkedonamdeli eklesiaa). es asaxulia
nikeas I msoflio krebamde

arsebuli eklesiebi erTmaneTis mimarT damoukidebelni iyvnen da imarTebodnen mociqulTa
saeklesio terminologiaSic.
qarTvelebma qristianobis naTeli miiRes jer kidev romis imperiis arsebobisas maSin, roca imperiis saxelmwifo
34-e kanonis Sesabamisad. nikeamdeli eklesiebis es damou-
sarwmunoebas marTlmadidebloba, xolo

saxelmwifo enas laTinuri warmoadgen-
da. ramac Tavisi asaxva hpova qarTul
raSic mas daexmara III msof-
sasuliero literaturaSi, magaliTad,

wmida ninos `cxovrebis~ Tanaxmad, wmi-
lio kreba, roca antioqiis saydari mis administraciul da-
da ninos ufalma laTinurad dawerili

mcnebebi gadasca, wmida ninos `romael-
qvemdebarebas cdilobda. kviprosis eklesiis msgavs TavisTa-
Ta tyves~ uwodeben, mis sarwmunoebas

ki `romaelTa rjuls~, 244 wmida nino werils iRebs `romis patriarqisagan~, masTan modis romaeli diakoni da sxv. ro-
vad eklesiaTa rigSi albaT

qarTuli eklesiac imyofeboda, miT umetes, rom is imperiis farglebs gareT mde-
mis imperiis arsebobis dros Tavdapirve-
bareobda. unda vivaraudoT,
lad 100-ze meti avtokefaluri eklesia arsebobda, 245 amitom provinciul da

diocezur eklesiebs hqondaT adminis-
rom am dros IV da gansakuTrebiT V s-Si qarTul enaze gadmoiTargmna bibliuri da sa-
traciuli TavisTavadoba, romelsac Semdeg avtokefalia ewoda. 246 unda vifiqroT,
RvTismetyvelo wignebi, wmida

mamaTa nawerebis erTi nawili.
rom Camoyalibebis dros I-IV ss-Si msoflio eklesiasTan sulierad umWidroe-
iTargmneboda am dros Tu ara

kanonikuri krebulebi, CvenTvis
sad dakavSirebuli qarTuli eklesia iseTive administraciuli TavisTavadobiT
ucnobia, magram radgan msoflioSi pirveli kanonikuri kre-
sargeblobda, rogoriTac sxva provinciebisa da diocezebis eklesiebi romis
bulebi swored saqarTvelos

uSualo mezoblad, kerZod,
imperiaSi. miT umetes, rom saqarTvelo

damoukidebel saxelmwifos warmoadgenda, rac cxadia, unda asaxuliyo misi
galateas, frigiisa da pontos

provinciebSi Seiqmna swored
aRniSnul periodSi, kanonikuri
eklesiis iuridiul statussa da masSi
samarTali arc qarTvelebi-
moqmed kanonikur samarTalzec, romelTa arsebobis gareSe eklesiuri cxovreba SeuZlebelia.

IV s-is ukve Sua wlebidan TandaTan
saTvis unda yofiliyo ucnobi, miT umetes, rom am samyarosTan qarTvelebs umWidroesi sulier-ekonomikuri urT-
viTareba Seicvala da bizantiis imperiaSi ukve V-VI s-Tvis Camoyalibda ram-
ierToba hqoniaT. mxedvelobaSi rom ar miviRoT iseTi mniS-
denime msxvili saeklesio erTeuli (Semdgomi sapatriarqoebi), romelTac ga-
vnelovani mxarec ki, rogoricaa qarTvelTa da kapadokiel-
moamJRavnes miswrafeba daeqvemdebarebinaT mezobeli, iqamde administraciu-
pontoel-galatelTa eTnikuri
naTesaoba, rac am urTierTo-
lad damoukidebeli eklesiebi. ZiriTadad,

es SeZles kidec, Tumca kviprosis ek-
bis kidev ufro gaRrmavebis

erT-erTi xelSemwyobi faqtori
lesiam SeinarCuna Tavisi avtokefalia,
unda yofiliyo.
qar Tlis c xovreba, t. I. gv. 104, 19 7, 88, 86, 110; 245 . ,

, , 1 95 0, 7, . 39 ; 246 s aq ar Tv elo s samo ciqul o ek le siis is to ria,
t. I . gv . 185-204.
244
75
76
magram qarTvelebs am Tavis samezob-
unda Seeqmna xelsayreli pirobebi bi-
lo, Rrmad qristian qveyanasTan akavSirebda sarwmunoeba, riTac yovelive
zantielTa msgavsad kanonikuri samarTlis mcodne pirebis arsebobisaTvis. amas
ifar eboda d a umTa vres su lier

mamoZravebel Zalas warmoadgenda IV da
V ss-Si.
VI-VII ss-Si, rogorc amas epistoleTa wignSi Semonaxuli dvinis eklesi-
unda miuTiTebdes qarTuli terminis

`merCules~ arseboba, rac swored kanonikuri samarTlis m codnesa da ganmmartebels _ `merjules~ erqva. rogorc
p. ingoroyvam gaarkvia, am profesiis mqone
is meTaurisadmi kirion kaTalikosis pasuxebi miuTiTebs, qarTvelebi kargad ic-
sasuliero pirebi bizantieli advokatebisa da sqolastebis msgavsi profesiis
nobdnen imJamindeli kanonikuri samarTlis safuZvlebs. kavSir-urTierToba hqondaT msoflio eklesiis meTaurebTan, kir-
mqonen i unda yofi liyvnen, r omelTa

daniSnuleba saeklesio kanonebis ganmarteba iyo, maT unda hqonodaT Sesa-
ionisTvis gamogzavnili romis papis epis-
ba mis i g ana Tle bac . a mas ad ast ure bs
tole, romelic nestorianelebTan urTierTobis sakiTxis mogvarebas exeba, erTi

amis damamtkicebeli magaliTia. garda
amisa, rogorc sxvadasxva wyaro miu-
CvenTvis cnobili mwerlis, giorgi merCules didi ganaTleba da erudicia.

unda vivaraudoT, rom qarTul enaze
arsebobda saeklesio-kanonikuri krebule-
TiTebs, kirions kavSir-urTierToba hqonda

konstantinopolisa da ierusalimis patriarqebTan. amitomac, unda vifiqroT,
rom kavkasiis masStabiT iseTi didi xalx-
bi, magram rogorc aRvniSneT, konstantinopolis 920 wlis saeklesio krebam

akrZala yvela Zveli krebulis gamoyeneba, garda `14-titlovani nomokanon-
is eklesia, rogoric iyo saqarTvelosi,

ar unda yofiliyo darCenili saeklesio-samarTlebrivi Zeglebis gareSe. mkvlevarTa TvalsazrisiT, romelic Sesa-
isa~,
kuri
Cans,
Zloa
ba mi s ad gi la s gv aq vs g ad mo ce mu li ,
saqarTveloSi V s-saTvis gavrcelebuli unda yofiliyo e.w. `siriul-romauli samarTali~, romelic Semdgom xelmeored uTargmniaT XVIII s-Si.
CvenSi rom msoflio krebaTa kanonebis ganmartebani arsebobda, unda miuTiTebdes V-VI krebis kanonebis eqvTime
aToneliseuli Targmani-ganmarteba. man,
miuxedavad zemoaRniSnuli akrZalvisa,
VII s-Si, mas Semdeg, rac herakle

keisarma iranis saxelmwifo daamarcxa,
bizantia kidev ufro mWidrod daukav-
rogorc Cans, mainc gaagrZela qarTul

eklesiaSi tradiciuli muSaoba saeklesio kanonebze da mogvca aRniSnuli
Sirda saqarTvelos. rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, saqarTvelos emezoblebodnen bizantiis Rrmad qristianuli saeklesio
provinciebi, rasac CvenSi, kerZod ki
krebis dadgenilebebi e.w. `mcire sjulis kanonis saxiT~.

iv. javaxiSvilis SexedulebiT `qarTuli kanonikuri mwerlobis pirveli Ze-
maT uSualo mezobel tao-klarjeTSi,
glebi ukve xanmetobis xanaSi yofila~. 247
247
qar Tuli s amarTlis istor ia, 19 28, t. I, gv. 28.
amitomac Zveli qarTuli kanonisamarTlis krebulebi (Targmanebi),

amoRebul iqna xmarebidan, Sesaamitomac ar moaRwia Cvenamde.
77
sakanonmdeblo Zeglebis Targmanebi VI-VII saukuneebSi

iv. javaxiSvilis azriT, msoflio
krebaTa sakanonmdeblo Zeglebi qarTul
enaze ukve gadmoRebuli unda yofiliyo
VI s-is bolosa da VII s-is dasawyisSi.
es mosazreba efuZneba èpistoleTa wignis~ ganxilvas. kirioni abraam somexTa
kaTalikoss werda erT-erT epistoleSi _ `me gadmovaTargmnine da gaaxle
oTxi krebis wignebi, romliTac xelmZRvaneloben romaelebi (e.i. bizantielebi), agreTve igive iqadageba anastas-wmidasa da wmida sionSic (e.i. ierusalimis
eklesiaSi) gindaT Tu ara, esaa Cveni
sarwmunoeba~, am sityvebidan Cans, rom
kirion kaTalikoss abraam kaTalikosisaTvis oTxi msoflio krebis aRsarebis
Semcveli Zegli gadmouTargmnia. 248 amave
epistoleSi ganmartebulia, Tu saidan
aiRo kirionma oTxi msoflio krebis aRmsarebloba _ kirioni wers: `Cven Cveni
gonebiT araferi dagviweria, aramed TiToeuli saeklesio krebaTa wignebidan
aris amoRebuli~. 249
z. aleqsiZis TargmaniT ase JRers es
sityvebi: ìcodeT, rom es Cven TviTon ki
ar davwereT, aramed TviToeuli krebis
wignidan [amoviReT] da sarwmunoeba RmerTis mowyalebiT CvenSia. davwereT sruli
WeSmaritebiT, ara Tu mcire gamoZiebiT,
aramed didad davSveriT da vcaniT~. 250
iv. javaxiSvili daaskvnis, `VI-VII
ss-Si saqarTvelos eklesias msoflio
krebebis Zeglis weraTa wigni hqonia da
amnairad kanonikuri mwerloba am SemTxvevaSi msoflio eklesiis kanonebis Targman ebis s axiT mainc ukve arsebo bda
rasakvirvelia adgilobiTi krebebis Zeg-
lisweraTa wignebic iqneboda~. 249 qarTuli

kanonikuri mwerlobis dasawyisad iv. javaxiSvils miaCnia xanmetobis xana. 249 k.
kekeliZe ar iziarebs am Tvalsazriss
da miiCnevs, rom XI-XII ss-mde qarTvelebs
ar uTargmniaT kanonikuri Zeglebi. k.
kekeliZes eTanxmeba e. gabiZaSvili da
miiCnevs, rom `dasaxelebul krebaTa
sruli aqtebis qarTul enaze am droisaTvis arseboba Zalian saeWvod migvaCnia, miT umetes, rom nikeis I da konstantinopolis II msoflio krebaTa aqtebi
krebis sxdomaTa zustad Cawerili
oqmebi, rogorc III, IV, V, VI da VII
msoflio krebebis Sesaxeb gvaqvs, saerTod ar unda arsebuliyo~. 251
SesaZloa, marTlac, ar arsebobda I
da II msoflio krebaTa zustad Cawerili oqmebi, magram III da IV msoflio
krebaTa mier gamocemuli kanonebis Targmna SeeZloT qarTvelebs somxur eklesiasTan udidesi mniSvnelobis mqone kamaTis dros, roca am saeklesio sakiTxs, faqtobrivad, saxelmwifoebrivi,
eris momavali cxovrebis ganmsazRvreli
mniSvneloba hqonda da es orive mokamaTe krebam kargad icoda. am mxriv iv.
javaxiSvilis mosazreba misaRebia. miTumetes, rom kirioni orjer axsenebs òTx
krebaTa wignebs~, 252 amasTanave Tavis epistoles Tan urTavs I, II, III da IV
krebaTa masalebs. 253
al. vaCeiSvili am sakiTxSi eTanxmeba
iv. javaxiSvils da miaCnia, rom VI-IX ssSi eklesiis Sinagani cxovrebis mosawesrigeblad, saxelmwifosa da kerZo pirebTan urTierTobis mosagvareblad iuridiul normebs bizantiidan gadmoiRebdnen. 254
iv. javax iSvili, t. VI, 1982, gv. 4 4; 249 iqv e, gv. 4 4; 250 epistoleTa wigni, 1968, gv. 111; 251 didi
sjul iskanon i, 1975, gv. 14; 252 epistoleTa wigni, gv. 10 2; 253 iqve , 102-111; 254 al. vaCeiSv ili,
nark vevebi, qarTuli samarTlis istoriidan, I, 1946, gv. 167.
248
78
sakanonmdeblo Zeglebis Targmanebi VIII-IX saukuneebSi

iv. javaxiSvilis azriT, qarTul
buli im sjuliskanonTagan, romelic bi-
enaze saeklesio kanonebis krebuli ukve

grigol xanZTelis epoqaSi arsebobda,
zantiaSi Zalze mravlad arsebobda. Tu

gaviTvaliswinebT imas, rom tao-klar-
rasac gvafiqrebinebs giorgi merCulis

saistorio TxzulebaSi Sesuli erTi
cnoba. javaxeTis saeklesio krebaze
guaram mamfals ganucxadebia: `wmidano
mamano, episkoposno da meudabnoeno, iciT
yovelTa kanoni Sjulisa Y, rameTu ara
brZanebs episkoposisa da kaTalikosisa
mZlavrobiT dajdomasa~. amis sapasuxod
grigol xanZTels agreTve msoflio saekle sio kan onmd ebl obi dan amo Rebu li
sabuTebiT miugia: `wmidaTa mociqulTa
da RirsTa maT mRvdelT-moZRvarTagan gansazRvrebulsa kanonsa Sina arave brZanebul ars eriskacTa viTarmca episko-
jeTs bizantia miiCnevda Tavisi imperiis

Tu nawilad ara, masze daqvemdebarebul
teritoriad mainc, cxadia, imperiis teritoriaze arsebul marTlmadidebel eklesiebs unda hqonodaT kidec bizantiuri sjuliskanonebis Targmanebi, sxvagva rad ek les iis mar Tva Se uZl ebe li
Seiqneboda, gansakuTrebiT im dros, roca
somxuri eklesia pretenzias acxadebda
tao-klarjeTze, raTa igi Tavis iurisdiqciaSi Seeyvana (iseve, rogorc iyo
VI-VII ss-is periodSi). aseT dros somxur eklesiasTan paeqrobisas, cxadia,
qarTvel mRvdelmTavrebsa da meudabnoeebs
posTa da wesisa winamZRvarTa mamaTa gansagebelisa sjulis moZRvrebasa ikadrebda~. iv. javaxiSvilis TqmiT, aqedan aSkar-
xelT eqnebodaT Sesabamisi saeklesio

kanonmdebloba. aRsaniSnavia, rom somxur eklesias isini Tavidanve hqonda. k.
ad Cans, rom ara mxolod saeklesio

moZRvrebi, aramed ganaTlebuli eriskacebic ki icnobdnen `Sjulis kanons~,
masze amyarebdnen TavianT sabuTebsa da
msjelobas. 255 iv. javaxiSvilma gaarkvia,
rom es sabuTebi, kerZod, eyrdnoboda
`Sjuliskanonis~ im nawils, romelsac
ewodeboda `mociqulTa gansazRvrebuli
keke liZis az riT, `X s-is bol omde

qarTul enaze ar Senaxula aramcTu raime
kanonikuri krebuli, aramed cotad Tu
bevrad eWvmiutaneli da kategoriuli
cnoba aseTi krebulis arsebobis Sesaxeb~. 257 magram, Tuki qarTvelebi bizantiaSi sagangebod agzavnidnen TavianT
warmomadgenlebsa da delegatebs im droi-
kanonebi~ da `mRvdelmoZRvarTa gansazRvrebuli kanonebi~. iv. javaxiSvili

askvnis, `warmoudgenelia, rom msoflio
saTvis marTlmadideblobis centrebSi arsebuli saeklesio tipikonebis, gangebebis, wes-Cveulebebis aRwerilobaTa mosa-
saeklesio krebebis kanonebic naTargmni

ar yofiliyo~. 256 cxadia, SesaZloa es
ar yofiliyo is saboloo redaqcia,
romelic 14 titulovani krebulis saxeliTaa cnobili, aramed erT-erTi kre-
poveblad, ratom ar unda dainteresebuliyo qarTuli mxare, bizantiaSive moepovebina saeklesio kanonmdebloba, maSin roca igi hqonda mis mezobel somxur eklesiasac? `Zeglis weraTa wigne-
iv. javax iSvili, t. VI, 1982, gv. 4 2;

isto ria, t. I, 1980, gv. 560.
255
256
iqv e, gv. 4 2;
257
k. kekeliZe, Zv eli qar Tuli l iterat uris
79
bi~, romelnic kirion kaTalikoss abraam
ebma ganixiles qalkedonis krebaTa dad-
kaTalikosisTvis gaugzavnia, kidec rom

ar yofiliyo kanonikuri Zeglebi, rogorc
genilebebi da leonis epistolec. ùeWvelia es dokumentebi qarTuladac iqne-
k. kekeliZe fiqrobs, aramed sarwmunoebriv-aRmsareblobiTi xasiaTis dogmatikuri formulebi, mainc, maT Sexeba
unda hqonodaT kanonikasTan, radganac
dogmatikuri mwerlobac efuZneboda msof-
boda naTargmni~ daaskvnis k. kekeliZe. 258 rac miuTiTebs, rom im daucxromeli

brZolisa da kamaTis dros, romelic mimdinareobda somxur eklesiasTan VI-X ssSi qarTvelebi praqtikuli saWiroebis
lio krebaTa gansazRvrebebs, mociqulTa kanonebsa da eklesiis cnobil moZR-
gamo iZulebulnic ki iqnebodnen, eTargmnaT kanonikuri xasiaTis Zeglebi berZnu-
varTa kanonikur epistoleebs, ganmartebebs, rac kanonikis safuZvelia. somexqarTvelTa saeklesio cilobis dros mox-
li enidan. ar aris SemTxveviTi, rom

episkoposi stefane mtbevari somxur eklesiasTan kamaTis dros axsenebs swored
seniebulia leon didis tomosi, epis-
msoflio krebaTa kanonebs, roca wers
tole, romelsac IV msoflio qalkedonis krebis dros gadamwyveti mniSvneloba mieniWa. èpistoleTa wignSi~ naTqvamia, rom rogorc qarTvelebma, ise somx-
somxebma `moZRvarTa mier wmidaTa krebaTa RvTivsulierTa kanoni saeklesio

Seuracxyves~, 259 rac kanonikuri mwerlobis qarTulad arsebobas gulisxmobs.
258
iqve, gv. 469;
259
saqarTvelos samoTxe, gv. 394.
80
sakan onmdeblo Z eglebis Ta rgmanebi X -XI saukun eebSi

wmida eqvTime mTawmidelma X s-is
bolos Targmna ioane sqolastikosis samarTlebrivi krebuli da VI msoflio
krebis dadgenilebebi. amiT, k. kekeliZis
azriT, daiwyo qarTuli saeklesio-iuridiuli mwerloba. 260 Tumca, qarTuli
didi sjuliskanonis mkvlevari prof. vl.
beneSeviCi fiqrobda, rom X s-mde qarTul
enaze TviT didi sjuliskanonic ki iyo
Targmnili. k. kekeliZe beneSeviCis mosa zr eb eb s ar eT an xm eb a.
ak ri ti ke bs
agreTve iv. javaxiSvils, romelic fiqrobda, rom didi sjuliskanoni arsen iyalToelamde iyo Targmnili. k. kekeliZe
wers - `kanonikur krebulTa TargmanisaTvis pirvelad xeli moukidnia eqvTime aTonels, rogorc mas Cveulebad
hqonda, am SemTxvevaSic, gadmosaTargmn
ZeglTa SerCevisas, saxelmZRvanelo prin260
k. kekeliZe, dasax. naSr., gv. 561;
261
iqve, gv. 564;
cipad man aiRo praqtikuli, yoveldRiuri mniSvneloba cxovrebisaTvis ama Tu

im nawarmoebisa da Tanac gadmoTargmna
ara im saxiT, rogorc is dedanSi iyo,
aramed misi Sedgenilobisa da redaqciis cotaodeni SecvliT qarTul sinamdvilesTan SefardebiT~. 261
pavle ingoroyva gansxvavebuli mosazrebisaa da miiCnevs, rom X-XI sssaTvis samarTlis mecnierebas saqarTveloSi ganviTarebis maRali donisaTvis miuRwevia... `X-XI ss-Si saqarTveloSi
yofilan mecnier-iuristebi, romelTac
ewodebodaT `mecnierni sabWoTa saqmeTani~, bagrat IV-is cnobili sigelidan
irkveva, rom `mecnierni sabWoTa saqmeTani~ sagangebod miiwveodnen xolme saxelmwifos uzenaesi organos - saxelmwifo darbazis sxdomaze rTuli iuridiuli sakiTxebis ganxilvis dros~. 262
262
p. ingoroyva, girogi merCule, 1954, gv. 23.
81
p. ingoroyva ixilavs termins `rCu-
eriskacTaganac ki im epoqaSi mravalni
li~ da `merCule~ da daaskvnis: `merCule iyo mecnieri `rCulisa~, special-
yofilan `rCulisa moZRvarni~, `saRmrToTa wignTa mecnierni da enaTaTaca
urad kanonikuri samarTlis swavluli,

mcodne da amave dros mecnieri mTeli
saqristia no moZRvrebisa, damwereli
rCulisa, e.i. Teologi, mecnieri... eqvTime mTawmidelis teqstidan irkveva, rom
wurTilni~, SeeZloT `rCulis gamoZieba~ da `moZRvreba~. es `wesisa da rCulisa maswavlebelni~ ucxoeTSic ierusalimsa da konstantinopolSic mogzaurobdnen da iqidan saWiroebis SemTx-
`merCule~ iyo ara mxolod `mecnieri~

rC uli sa, qri sti anu li moZR vre bis a,
vevaSi CamohqondaT `keTili wesi~. wesi

igive saeklesio kanonia. Tumca, yvela
aramed amave dros `rCulis~ siwmidis

mcveli. `merCule~ `ganawesebs kanonsa~
maTTvis, romlebic gardaxdnen qristian-
`wesi~ rodi iyo gamosadegi imdroindeli qarTuli sazogadoebisaTvis radganac `tvirTi Sjulisa Y da wesi qriste-
uli `rCulis~ wesebs, e.i. `merCule~
anobisa Y , romeli aw qveyanasa Cvensa
uflebamosilia ikisros amave dros kanonikuri samarTlis msajulis funqciebi...

Tu ramdenad didi iyo `merCuleTa~ (msajulTa) avtoriteti Zvel saqarTvelo-
upyries, friad keTil ars~ da `tvirTi

ganwesebuli eyofin navsa, ukueTu daumZimo dainTqas da ukueTu subuqad
iyos, qarTa da RelvaTa waritacon~.
Si, amas adasturebs Zveli qarTuli kanonikuri Zegli `mcneba sasjulo~, sadac
kaTalikoss aqvs Semdegi zewodeba `mesjuleTa (e.i. merCuleTa) Tavi da uxuc-
saeklesio-iuridiuli ganaTlebis maRalma donem SesaZlebeli gaxada X s-is

bo los wa rmo qmn ili yo ori gin alu ri
qarTuli kanonikuri krebuli, romelic
esi~. p. ingoroyvas gamokvlevis Tanaxmad, grigol xanZTelis cxovrebis aRmwereli giorgi merCule yofila `rCulis~ sakiTxTa kanonikuri samarTlis
`mcire sjuliskanonis~ saxeliTaa cnobili. ase mas uwoda TviT krebulis

Semdgenelma wmida eqvTime mTawmidelma. man Targmna berZnuli kanonikuri
swavluli mcodne. 263 amitomac, Tavis TxzulebaSi aSuqebs kanonikuri samarTlis

sakiTxebs, rasac gamowvlilviT ixilavs
javaxeTis saeklesio krebis msvlelobis
aRweris dros, agreTve cqiris istori-
mwerlobis sxvadasxva wyaro, nawilobriv gadaamuSava da masSi Seitana qarTuli ma sal a. sab olo od, es kr ebu li
garkveuli xnis manZilze iTvleboda
qarTuli eklesiis saxelmZRvanelod da
is gadmocemisas. aRniSnuli kreba

saqarTvelos eklesiisa, p. ingoroyvas
mixedviT, Sedga 845-850 wlebSi, javax-
dResac aqvs praqtikuli mniSvneloba

ek le sii sa Tvi s, ra dga na c m iu xed av ad
arsen iyalToelis mier Targmnili `didi
eTSi, mTavar guaram mamfalis mowveviT.

krebaze warmodgenilni yofilan sxvebTan erTad `wesisa da Sjulisa maswavlebelni~, romelnic `wessa daudebdes ersa~.
sjuliskanonis~ arsebobisa, igi saukuneTa manZilze gamoiyeneboda. 26 4

mitropolit konstantines TqmiT
wm. eqvTimes es Zeglebi zustad rodi
ara mxolod sasuliero pirTagan, aramed
gadmouRia, igi am kanonebs cvlis, amok-
p. ing o r oyv a, g ir o g i me rC ul e,
g amo c e ma, 197 2.
26 3
19 54 ,
g v . 27 ;
2 64
`mc ire
s jul isk an on i~, e .
g iunaSv il is
82
lebs, zogierTi sruliad ar Seaqvs Tavis
lesiaSi iyo miRebuli, magram sinamd-
wignSi, zogjer ki Semoaqvs iseTi masala, romelic saerTod ar icis berZnul-
vileSi ki mwvaleblobas warmoadgenda,

kerZod, monofizituri xasiaTisas. 266 k.
ma dedanma. yovelive amis gamo `mcire

sjuliskanoni~ Tumca bizantiuri saek-
kekeliZis sityviT eqvTimem gadmosaTargmn kanonikur ZeglTa Soris Sear-
lesio samarTlis ZeglTa mixedviTaa

Sedgenili, magram mainc im principiT,
romliTac xelmZRvanelobda qristiano-
Cia isini, romelTac praqtikuli, yoveldRiuri mniSvneloba hqonda. 267

`mcire sjuliskanoni~ gamosacemad
ba: emoqmeda ama Tu im xalxis bunebis

Sesabamisad da ara mis sawinaaRmdegod.
moamzada elguja giunaSvilma. X s-is

bolos eqvTime mTawmidelis mier Sedge-
am principidan gamomdinare, eqvTimes saekl e si o ka n o n Ta k r eb u l i i m d en a d
nili `mcire sjuliskanoni~ e. giunaSvilis mier miiCneva qarTuli klasikuri
`gauqarTulebia~, rom Tavisi struqturiT igi erTaderTia msoflio qristianuli samarTlis istoriaSi. 265
VIII-X ss-is qarTuli eklesia gan-
kanonikuri mwerlobis saTaved. igi eqvTime mTawmidels Seudgenia berZnuli

kanonikuri mwerlobis sxvadasxva wyaros
mixedviT da saqarTvelos saeklesio praq-
sakuTrebul mniSvnelobas aqcevda somxuri eklesiisagan qarTuli mrevlis dacvas, radganac, rogorc es aRniSnuli
iyo `saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis
istoriis~ II tomSi, somxuri eklesia
tikaSi farTod gamoiyeneboda. es kanonikuri krebuli Tavisi SedgenilobiT

originaluri da erTaderTia qristianuli eklesiis samarTlis istoriaSi. misi
msgavsi Sedgenilobis krebuli ar icis
pretenziebs acxadebda qarTvel mrevlze, surda kvlavindeburad moeqcia taos,

samxreT saqarTvelos, gugarqisa da here-
arc erTi qveynis saeklesio samarTlis

istoriam. `mcire sjuliskanoni~ oTxi
nawilisagan Sedgeba: 1. `wesi da gangeba
Tis qarTveloba Tavisi iurisdiqciis

qveS, iseve, rogorc es adre iyo, gan-
da rCuliskanoni meequsisa krebisa Y~; 2.

kanonni SecodebulTani; 3. kanonni dRi-
sakuTrebiT VI-VII ss-Si (Tumca hereTi

somxuri eklesiis iurisdiqciisagan mx-
Ti-dReTa cTomisani; 4. Zegliswera sarwmunoebisa Y. eqvTime mTawmidels es kre-
olod X s-Si gaTavisuflda). am mizezis

gamo samxreT saqarTvelos qarTul ekle si as k vla vi nd eb ur ad et yo bo da
buli 1005 wlamde Seudgenia. 268

e. giunaSvilis TvalsazrisiT, wmida
eqvTime mTawmidelis kanonikuri krebu-
monofizituri eklesiis daRi. Cans, zogierTi qarTveli kvlav monofizituri

eklesiis gavlenis qveS iyo, amitomac
deda eklesiis mrevlis dacvis mizniT,
eqvTimem Tavis sjuliskanonSi mravali
lis pirvel nawils warmoadgens trulis 692 wlis krebis kanonebi, krebulSi is wodebulia VI msoflio krebis
kanonebad. krebulis meore nawilia SecodebulTa kanonebi, konstantinopolis
cnoba, miTiTeba da kanoni Seitana im

wesebis Sesaxeb, romelnic somxur ek-
patriarqis ioane mmarxvelis (582-595)

Sroma, Tumca specialistebis Tval-
saRvTismet yvel o kr ebul i, e qvTime aTone lis saek lesio kanonT a kr ebul i gadmoR ebul i ax al
qarT ul enaze, Tb. , 1983, gv. 5; 266 iv. javax iSvili, t. VI, gv. 4 8; 267 k. kekeliZe, Zve li qar Tuli
lit. ist., I, gv. 564; 268 e. giunaSv ili, winasityva, `mc ire sjuliskano ni~, 1972, gv . 4.
265
83
sazrisiT es kanonebi VIII s-is bolosa
269
pirvelqristianul, e.w. iudauri qris-
da X s-is Sua aRmocenda.

krebulis
mesame nawils qarTul samecniero lit-
tianuli wesebisa. varaudia gamoTqmuli

(T. mgalobliSvili), rom I-IV ss-Si Cven-
eraturaSi basili didis kanonebi Seerqva, Tumca e. giunaSvilis TvalsazrisiT,

es kanonebi IX s-is Semdeg aRmocenda
da X s-Si sakmaod yofila gavrcelebuli saRvTismetyvelo praqtikaSi. krebis
Si, ise rogorc aRmosavleTis qveynebSi

(siria, somxeTi, mcire azia), gavrcelebuli iyo qristianobis Tavdapirveli
saxe, e.w. iudauri qristianoba, romelSic mravlad iyo wesebi `Zuelisa rCu-
meoTxe nawili qarTul samecniero literaturaSi iwodeboda VII msoflio kre-
lisa, viTarca iqmodes huriani~, T. mgalobliSvilisa da sxvaTa TvalsazrisiT
bis kanonebad. e. giunaSvilis TvalsazrisiT, es Secdomaa, sinamdvileSi es

nawili warmoadgens 843 wlis konstan-
es iudauri qristianoba IV s-dan Secvala `berZnulma qristianobam~, romelmac akrZala Zveli Cvevebi, magram Cans,
tinopolis adgilobrivi krebis `sarw-
aRmosavleT romis imperiaSi (bizantia-
munoebis Zeglisweras~.
`rogorc eqvTimes krebulidan Cans,
somex-qarTvelTa saeklesio dava am dros
isev ZalaSia~, 27 1 es sakiTxi eqvTimes
Si) mimdinare es procesi SedarebiT ucxo

iyo ka vkasiis im eklesiebis aTvis,
romelnic imperiis gareT, zogjer ki
arabizantiuri saxelmwifos gavlenis
krebulis kanonebSic aisaxa. magaliTad,

`wesi da gangeba da rjuliskanoni mequsisa krebisaY~-s 68-e muxlSi, kerZod,
naTqvamia - `queyanasa mas somxeTisasa
sferoSi imyofebodnen. Cans, es procesi

(Zveli adgilobrivi qristianuli Cvevebis berZnuliT Secvla) CvenSi aqtualuri
gaxda gansakuTrebiT X s-is Semdeg, qarTu-
wmidaTa da patiosanTa xatTa gamosaxvasa ara Seiwynarebdnen, rameTu urCuloman man petros mkawvralman viTaca
`saCecari~ aswava, egreTve eseca boro-
li eklesiis mTawmiduri saganmanaTleblo frTis warmoqmnam XI s-dan procesi

Seuqcevadi gaxada, Tumca, etyoba, mTian,
e.w. `soflur~ adgilebSi aseTi (e.i. pirv-
ti wvalebaT sadme maT Soris dasTesa~. 272 72-e muxlis mixedviT, `gveuwya
viTarmed queyanasa somxiTisasa saklvelTa
dahklven, locvarsa da xorcsa mas SeiReben eklesiad da miscemen mRvdelTa naw-
el-qristianuli, IV s-mdeli) Cvevebi

kidev didxans darCenila.
amis magaliTia `mcire sjuliskanonis ~ pir veli nawili s 73- e mux lSi
mocemuli VII s-is kanonis darRveva
ilsa wesisa misebr Zuelisa rCulisa,

viTarca iqmodes huriani, xolo ese wesi
gareSe ars wesTagan kaTolike eklesi-
qarTuli eklesiis `sofluri xucesis~

mier XI s-Si, kerZod, am kanonSi naTqvamia - `guesma, Tu queyanasa somxeTi-
isa~. 273 rogorc cnobilia, msgavsi Cveva

saqarTveloSi, gansakuTrebiT mTianeTSi,
amJamadac arsebobs (Tumca xorci eklesiaSi ar SeaqvT), safiqrebelia, rom es
sasa Tvinier Sesamoslisa xucesni aRasruleben wirvasa TvisiTve SesamosliTa

da es didi wvaleba ars sxuaTave Tana
cTomaTa da aw Cuen vamcnebT ukueTu
Cveva gadmonaSTia I-IV ss-Si arsebul
vinme ikadros marTlmadidebelman mRvdel-
270
269
27 2
e. g iunaSv ili, winasityv a, `mc ire sjuliskano ni~, 1972, gv. 6;

iqv e, gv. 63; 27 3 iqv e, gv. 73.
27 0
iqv e, gv. 11;
27 1
iqv e, gv. 12;
84
man anu diakonman Tvinier Sesamoslisa
arqTan uCivliaT. Tavis mxriv ki, es
Jamis wirva, g anakanono s da dae yenos
giorgi mTawmidelisaTvis ucnobebiaT,

romelsac dasWirda axsna-ganmartebis
Jamiswirvisagan, vidremdes moigos wesiereba da ebiskoposman pirveladve ixilos misi stiqari, uReli, da zewari da
egreT xelni dasxnes~. 274
e.i. trulis saeklesio krebis mamebs
amcnes, rom aRmosavleTis (somxeTis) eklesiebSi, mRvdlebi wiravdnen eklesiebSi ara sagangebo SesamosliT, aramed
TavianTi yoveldRiuri tansacmeliT. es
krebam miiCnia wvalebad da aukrZala
aseTi saxiT wirvis Catareba samRvdeloe bas. maT
wirvi sas unda Caec vaT
stiqari (kaba), uReli (albaT olari)

da zewari (omofori). es wesi albaT
dainerga kidec CvenSi, magram XI s-is
40-iani wlebis bolos zogierTi qarTveli
mRvdeli antioqiaSi, kerZod ki svimonwmidis monasterSi Zveleburi wesiT, e.i.
Tavisi yoveldRiuri da ara sagangebo
wirvis SesamosliT wiravda. es SeumCneviaT berZen berebs, maSinve gangaSi autexiaT, wirvisagan `dauyenebiaT~ qarTveli berebi, Semdeg ki antioqiis patri-
micema imis dasamtkiceblad, rom qarTveli

berebi marTlmadideblebi iyvnen, da ara
sa rwm un oeb riv i C ve veb is Seb Ra lvi s,
aramed ucodinarobis mizeziT iqceodnen ase. giorgi mcire wers - `qarTveli
xucesi svimeon-wmidas Jamsa ver wirvida amis mizezisaTvis, rameTu romelsame
Jamsa sofluri vinme xucesi axlad Camosuli wmidasa svimeonis svetsa zeda gasrul iyo Jamiswirvad qalamniTa da sabeWuriTa Tvinier samRvdelo Y sa Sesamoslisa, viTarca
Cueni~. 275 e.i. giorgi
li wesi Cveni~ iyo
SesamosliT wirva,
iyo pirvelad wesi

mcires azriT, `pirveara sagangebo wirvis
aramed Cveulebrivi,
y ov e ld R iu r i t an s ac m li T . e s w es i
berZnul eklesiaSi VI-VII ss-Sive ganidevna, magram aRmosavlur eklesiebSi, maT
Soris CvenSic didxans, `mcire rjulis
kanonis~ gamocemis epoqaSic darCenila,
swored am da sxva eklesiis praqtikuli
mizezebisaTvis iqna kidec eqvTime mTawmidelis mier Sedgenili es krebuli.
`mc ire sj uliskanoni~, 1972, gv. 7 7; 27 5 gio rgi mc ire, c xovreb a gior gi mTawmidel isaY, Zv eli
qarT uli agiografiuli lit eraturis Zegl ebi, wigni II, gv. 1967.
27 4
85
wm. fotis nomokanonis, anu didi sjuliskanonis

qarTuli Targmani
saqarTvelos eklesia nawilia msoflio eklesiisa, amitomac msoflio saeklesio krebebis dadgenilebani saqarTveloSi warmoadgenda moqmed samarTals.
14 Tavad, anu titlebad dayofil berZnuli samarTlis ZiriTad kanonikur krebuls CvenSi didi sjuliskanonis saxeliT icnobdnen da mas Tavisi saboloo
saxe dedanSi miuRia wm. fotis Rvawlis
Sedegad. igi bizantiaSi gamoCenila VI
s-Si da sxva krebulebTan SedarebiT VII
s-dan upiratesoba moupovebia. igi, iv.
javaxiSvilis TqmiT, IX-X ss-Si qarTuladac unda yofiliyo naTargmni. 276
k. kekeliZe `did sjuliskanons~ miiCnevda 1114 wlis Semdeg Targmnilad
XII s-is pirvel meoTxedSi, 27 7 Tumca
Tavis kerZo werilSi, romelic man vl.
beneSeviCs gaugzavna, aRiarebda, rom
ruis-urbnisis `Zegliswera~ gulisxmobs
`didi sjuliskanonis~ qarTulad arsebobas, e.i. Zegli Targmnilia am krebamde. e. gabiZaSvili gamoTqvams Tavis
gakvirveb as imis Sesaxeb, Tu ratom
ùaryo k. kekeliZem es azri~. 278
e. gabiZaSvili ar eTanxmeba iv. javaxiSvilis azrs `didi sjuliskanonis~
ramdenime Targmanis arsebobis Sesaxeb
da miiCnevs, rom àrsen iyalToelis
mier Targmnili `didi sjuliskanoni~
berZnuli 14-titlovani nomokanonis
erTaderTi Targmania qarTulad da es
Zegli arc manamde da arc Semdeg ar
yofila gadmoRebuli~. 27 9
Tumca, kidev erTxel unda aRiniSnos, rom ivane javaxiSvils ar eeWveboda didi sjuliskanonis dReisaTvis cnobili Targmanis Sesruleba arsen iyalToelis mier, magram miiCnevda, rom igi
ar iyo pirveli mTargmneli da manamdec
arsebobda Zvel TargmanTa redaqciebi.
iv. javaxiSvilis es mosazreba, vfiqrobT,
dResac misaRebia, Tumca ki mis mosazrebas
yvela ar iziarebs. gasaziarebelia iv.
javaxiSvilis Tvalsazrisi, rom arsen
iy al To el s ar a km ay of il eb da d id i
sjuliskanonis Zveli Targmanebi da amitom man igi xelaxla Targmna, SesaZloa
daviT aRmaSeneblis davalebiT. 280
amJamad miiCneva, rom 883 wels foti
patriarqis mier Camoyalibebuli dResac
moqmedi 14-titlovani nomokanonis redaqciis qarTuli Targmani Seasrula arsen
iyalToelma XI s-is bolosa da XII sis dasawyisSi. 281
`didi sjuliskanoni~ Seicavs:
1. mociqulTa saxeliT cnobil 85
kanons.
2. msoflio saeklesio krebaTa kanonebs.
3. im adgilobriv saeklesio krebaTa
kanonebs, romlebic TavianTi mniSvnelobiTa da warmomadgenelTa didi avtoritetiT tradiciulad miCneulia am krebulSi Setanis Rirsad.
4. eklesiis didi mamebis kanonebs.
5. krebulis qarTul redaqcias erTvis agreTve ruis-urbnisis saeklesio
iv. javax iSvili, t. VI, gv. 38; 27 7 k. kekeliZe, qar Tuli l iteraturis is toria I, 1960 , gv. 284;
`didi s jul is kano ni~, gamo sacemad moamz ade s e. g abiZaSv il ma, e . giun aSv il ma, m. do laqiZe m,
Tbil isi, 197 5, gv. 20; 27 9 iqv e, gv. 19; 280 iv. javaxiSvili, t. VI, gv. 41; 281 saRvTismetyvelo krebuli,
1987, #1, gv. 1-3.
27 6
27 8
86
krebis kanonebi, es kreba sruliad saqar-
meoTxedSi 14-titlovani nomokanonis, e.w.
Tvelos mefis daviT aRmaSeneblis mier

iyo mowveuli 1105 wels da mas gan-
883 wlis redaqciis saxiT. man konstantinopolis 920 wlis saeklesio kreba-
sakuTrebuli mniSvneloba hqonda qarTuli eklesiisaTvis. 282

`didi sjuliskanonis~ Zveli qarTuli redaqciis teqsti zemoT miTiTebuli
SedgenilobiT, gadmoRebuli axal qar-
ze zogadqristianuli saxelmZRvanelos
xasi aTi mi iRo. ka nonikur i kode qsis
wyaroebi oTx jgufad iyofa: 1. `mociqulTa~-s saxeliT cnobili 85 saeklesio kanoni, romelic saeklesio kanon-
Tulze, gamoqveynebulia 1987 wlis saeklesio kalendarSi.
mdeblobis pirvel werilobiT Zeglad iTvleba; 2. msoflio saeklesio krebaTa
melqisedek kaTalikosi Tavis `dawerilSi~ (1031/33 ww.) Senawir wignTa

Soris asaxelebs wigns - `Sjuliskanoni
kanonebi; 3. adgilobrivi saeklesio kanonebi; 4. avtoritetul saeklesio moRvaweTa epistolaruli kanonmdebloba.
axali~. 283 k. kekeliZe mas axlad gadaw-
kanonikur kodeqsSi Sesuli wyaroebis
eril sjuliskanonad miiCnevs.

iv. surgulaZe 284 miiCnevs, rom `didi
sjuliskanoni (XI-XII ss-is mijna) naTargmnia arsen iyalToelis mier. nomo-
kodifikacia TandaTan mimdinareobda III

s-dan IX s-mde. am drois ganmavlobaSi
epoqis saWiroebis mixedviT, icvleba
kanonikuri krebulis Sinaarsobrivi Se-
kanoni berZnulad niSnavs kanons da wess.

nomokanonebi ewodeba marTlmadideblur
saeklesio samarTlis krebulebs, romlebic Seicaven eklesiis Sinaganawess,
madgenloba. nomokanons qristianul saxelmwifoSi moqmedi samarTlis mniSvneloba hqonda. Zegli qarTulad gadmoTargmnilia arsen iyalToelis mier XI s-is
agreTve yofa-cxovrebisa da saojaxo

samarTlis normebis debulebebs... sabolood, Camoyalibda IX s-is ukanasknel
miwurulsa da XII s-is pirvel wlebSi.

arsen iyalToelia Zeglis qarTulad
pirveli mTargmneli. 285
saqarTvelos eklesiis kalendari, 1987, gv. 507; 283 qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis korpusi, 1984,
gv. 24; 284 qarTuli samarTlis istoriis wyaroebi, 1984; 285 didi sjuliskanoni, 1975, gv. 18-19.
282
87
sae kles io s amarTlis Zegl ebis Targman ebi

XVIII saukunis pirvel naxevarSi
`mefisa da kaTalikosis saqme orisave swori aris
imitom, rom erTi xorcis xelmwifea da meore sulisa~.
(vax t. kan. 25).
zogjer ismis kiTxva vaxtang VI

kaTolikuri aRmsareblobisa iyo, Tu marTlmadidebeli? am kiTxvas mefe-rjulmdebelma TviTonve mravaljer upasuxa da
da wmida kanonebi~. misi wyaroebia _

saeklesio krebaTa dadgenilebani da
ka no ne bi, a gr eT ve ro mi s s am ar Ta li
le on br Zen is ba sil ika md e. naS ro mi
marTlmadideblobis daufaravi aRmsareblobis gamo iZulebuli Seiqna qarTlis

samefo taxti daetovebina osmaloTa da
Se ic avs 24 g any of ile ba s b erZ nu li

anbanis rigis mixedviT.
maTe blastaris `sintagma~ farTod
iranelTa nebiT, romelTa uRelqveSac

iyo moqceuli Cveni qveyana im dros.
sityvieri gancxadebis garda, vaxtang
VI-m saqmiT daamtkica Tavisi marTlmadidebluri aRmsarebloba, gansakuTrebiT,
sama rTlis sf eroSi mu Saobis d ros.
Tavidanve unda vTqvaT, vaxtangma sxva
iyo gavrcelebuli, warmoadgenda marTlmadidebluri eklesiis erT-erT ZiriTad saxelmZRvanelos, igi saeklesio
sjulmdeblobis mniSvnelovani wyaro iyo
marTlmadideblur qveynebSi.
kon stant ine a rmen opulo iyo nomof ilaq si (k anonT a mc veli da m aTi
did marTlmadidebel erebze ufro adre

misca qarTvel ers saeklesio sakanonmdeblo ZeglTa ganmartebani cnobili bizantieli kanonistebisa, romelnic, cxadia, marTlmadidebeli eklesiis udide-
mar Tebu lad gamo yeneb is m agis trat i).

cx ovro bda XIV s-Si , Te salo nikS i,
mra vali iuri diuli Sro mis a vtor ia,
misi ZiriTadi naSromis saxeli S emokle bi T ga mo iT qm is _ è qv si w ig ni ~.
si maswavleblebi iyvnen. esaa maTe blastaris `sintagma~ da konstantine armenopulos èqvsi wigni~.
maTe blastari (XIV s.) marTlmadidebluri eklesiis kanonikuri samarTlis udidesi avtoritetia. misi mTavari
iuridiuli Sromaa: alfabeturi sintagma msoflio saeklesio krebaTa dadge-
m is i wy a r oa i mp e r at o r Ta b as i l is ,
kon stan tines da leon is pr oxor oni
(ka nonT a sa xelm ZRvan elo) , ba sili kis
(me feTa wig nis) Semo kleb a (s inop sisi) da sasa marT lo pr aqti ka, impe rator ebis dadg enile bebi (leo n br Zenis, konstantine porfirogenetis, roman oz I -is, roma noz III-i s, n ikif ore
nilebebis da saero kanonebisa. es naSromi man 1335 wels Seadgina, 286 misi
sruli saTauria àlfabeturi sintagma
yvela sagnisa, romelsac Seicavs saRvTo
fok as, basi li I I-is, ale qsi da m anuel komne nosebi s nov elebid an), l eon
brZ enis nov elebi s kr ebuli , sx va w yaroe bi, a seve , moc iqulT a da saek le-
286
i. doliZe , qarTuli samarTlis Zegleb i, t. I. 1963, gv. 581.
88
si o kr eb aT a ka no ne bi , si no di sa d a
28 7
vrcobili, zogan Semoklebuli). mTargm-
sap atri arqos dad genil ebeb i.

vaxtang VI marTlmadidebluri aRm-
nels maTe blastaris àlfabeturi sin-
sareblobis mxurvale mosiyvarule rom

ar yofiliyo, saqarTvelos miscemda ara
marTlmadideblur (bizantiur) samarTals,
aramed laTinurs.
qarTvelma mTargmnelma armenopulos
lis~ garda, sxva berZnuli wyaroebiTac
èqvsi wignidan~ da blastaris `sintagmidan~ amoiRo samarTlebrivi de-
Tvalis erTi gadavlebiTac ki aSkaraa,
bulebebi da normebi, zogjer ucvlelad, zogjer ki gaerTianebiT Seadgina

e.w. `berZnuli kanonebi~, anu berZnuli
samarTlis qarTuli varianti. kompilacia `berZnul-romauli samarTlis~ mTavari krebulebisa, gamoyenebul iqna bizantiis gviandel epoqaSi, rogorc sasuliero, ise saero sasamarTloebSi.
gansakuTrebiT aRsaniSnavia, rom mas Semdeg, rac bizantia Turqebma daipyres
da berZnuli mosaxleobis saeklesio
da samoqalaqo saqmeebis iurisdiqcia
mTlianad konstantinopolis sapatriarqos xelSi moeqca, blastaris `sintagma~ da armenopulos èqvsi wignis~
kompilacia berZen sasuliero xelisu-
tagmisa~ da armenopulos èqvswigneuusargeblia. berZnuli kanonebi mas da

`brZen kacebs~ gadmouqarTulebiaT TviT
vaxtang VI-is aqtiuri monawileobiT. igi
Seicavs 418 muxls.
rom vaxtangis `berZnuli samarTali~,
ZiriTadad, saeklesio samarTlis Zeglia,
cxadia, es asec unda iyos, radganac
igi zemoT aRniSnul saeklesio samarTlis ganmmarteblebis Targmans warmoadgens, magram radganac saeklesio iurisdiqcia saero saqmeebzec vrceldeboda
ara mxolod saqarTveloSi, aramed qristianul aRmosavleTSi, amitomac `berZnuli samarTali~, cxadia, saero samarTlis Zegladac SeiZleba CaiTvalos. am
ZeglSi mravali muxlis wyarod dasaxelebulia saeklesio krebebis kanonebi,
gansakuTrebiT ki VI msoflio krebisa,
mociqulTa kanonebi `damtkicebulni krebaTagan~, msoflio avtoritetis mqone
falTa mier yoveldRiuri xmarebisaTvis

gaxda saWiro~. 28 8
`samarTali berZnuli~, anu berZnulromauli (bizantiuri) samarTlis versia warmoadgens vaxtan VI-is `samarT-
adgilobriv krebaTa kanonebi, magali-
lis wignTa~ krebulis meore nawils.

igi `friadi SromiT~ moipova `saberZneTSi~ vaxtang VI-m. misi mTargmneli
Tavs, romelic awesrigebs mefis urT-
yofila episkoposi kvipriane samTavneli

(eriskacobaSi kozma aragvis erisTavi).
igi Semoqmedi mTargmneli iyo, eqvTime
mTawmindelis msgavsi, rameTu misi Targ-
sabamisad, eriskacTagan mxolod mefes
mani aris Tavisufali (alag-alag gan-
domare aris patriarqTagan~. 289
Tad, laodikiisa, gangrisa, patriarqTa

da mamaTa mier gamocemuli kanonebi (timoTe patriarqis) da sxv.
magaliTisaTvis moviyvanT zogierT
ierTobas eklesiasTan. magaliTad, 57-e
muxlis Tanaxmad, VI krebis kanonis Seaqvs sakurTxevelSi wmida trapezTan
ziarebis neba, `rameTu RvTisagan dadginebul ars da umetesad maRlad mj-
iqv e. gv. 580; 288 i. doliZe, qarTuli samarTlis Z eglebi, t. I. 1963, gv. 589;
samarTlis Z eglebi, I. gv. 146.
287
289
qar Tuli
89
`berZnuli samarTlis~ 128-e muxlis
tronomiis, ariTmetikis, musikisa da
Tanaxmad, xelmwifes (mefes) neba aqvs,

daasaqmos da brZaneba misces sasuliero pirs, ufro metic, mas SeuZlia episkoposi aiyvanos mitropolitis xarisxSi,
SeuZlia didi eparqia gayos da ramden-
geometriis swavleba. 291

vaxtang VI-m, agreTve, aTargmnina da
Tavisi samarTlis wignTa krebulSi Seitana `somexT mefeTa wigni samarTlisani~.
mas TiTqmis ori wlis manZilze Targ-
ime episkoposs gaunawilos, SeuZlia

episkoposebis, anda mitropolitebis erTi
ka Ted rid an meo rez e g ada yva na, ma Ti
gamocvla, aZlevs maT wirva-locvis
mnidnen. somxuri samarTlis qarTuli

versia Sedgeba ori nawilisagan: siriul-romauli samarTlis qarTuli versiisagan (muxli 1-150) da mxiTar goS-
uflebas da aqvs sxva uflebebic sasuliero pirTa mimarT. wyarod berZnuli samarTlis 128-e muxli asaxelebs
qalkedonis krebis me-4 kanons.
`xelmwife sjulisa da kanonis umdablesi ara aris, rameTu masca aqvs xelmwifeba RvTisa mier-visic enebos episkopozisa aRamaRlebs, mitropolitad daayenebs da ukeTu episkopozTa bevri samwyso aqvs, gauyofs da sxvas episkopozs
Seiqms, visic enebos, episkopozisa anu
mitropolitisa, gamoscvlis aqvs sxvaca xelmwifeba simarTliTa mRvdelmTa-
is samarTlis wignis qarTuli versiisagan (muxli 151-431). `samarTali somxuris~ wyaroebic miuTiTebs, rom igi
faqtobrivad warmoadgens saeklesio samarTals, magram misi iurisdiqcia saero
saqmeebzec vrceldeba saxelmwifos qristi anul i x asia Tis gam o. ` sam arTa li
somxuris~ Semdgenlebis TqmiT, es Zegli aris krebuli, romelSic Rirseuli
adgili uWiravs wmida werilsa (Zvelisa
da axlis) da moses rjuls, mociqulTa kanonebs, èklesiis mosamarTle mamaTa ~, b asi li di di s, `w mi da gr ig ol
varTa. saqme es ipoebis meoTxe kanonsa

xalkidonisa krebisa, rameTu xelmwifeba
micemul ars mefeTaTvis, rameTu
ubrZanos visme samRvdeloTa kacTa, saero
samsaxuri aqnevinos, romelic man ubrZanos sjulis kanoni ar dauSlis samsaxursa, amisTvisca kanoni brZanebs~. 290
parTelis SviliSvilis isakis dadebul

wess~. nikeis msoflio krebis, anu `didi
krebis~ kanonebs. krebuli aSkarad saeklesio samarTlis Zeglia _ muxlebis
um ete si naw ili sas uli ero pi reb is
qcevas aregulirebs.
qarTul wyaroebSi iSviaTia is ter-
sainteresoa muxli 330-e, romlis

mixedviTac laSqrobis dros, mahmadianebis da urjuloebis winaaRmdeg omisas
(aseve, Tuki vinme amoRebuli xmliT miuxdeba), mRvdels SeuZlia, daaswros da
moklas mteri, igi ar daisjeba, magram
wirvis neba CamoerTmeva _ àramed Rirseba
da wesi ar gamoerTmeva~ (iqve, gv. 204).
347-e muxliT ikrZaleba astrologia, magram sasurveladaa miCneuli as-
minebi, romlebic `somxuri samarTlis~

wignSi xSirad gvxvdeba. erTi aseTia
`qadagi~ _ es sityva Cven gvxvdeba `mironis kurTxevis~ wesSi da sxvaganac. somxuri wignidan Cans, rom `qadagi~ aris
TiTqmis episkoposis Rirsebis mqone (magram episkoposze dabali) sasuliero
piri, romelic wmida werilisa da kanonebis unaklo mcodnea, amave dros evaleba `moqmedeba uSiSari~. am kanonebis qad-
29 0
qar Tuli samarTlis Zegle bi, t. I, muxl i 128, gv. 162;
29 1
mux li 342-e, iqv e, gv. 210.
90
ageba da maTi aRsrulebis meTvalyureo-
gram konstantinopols (`bizantias~) samo-
ba: `moqadageni unda iyvnen rigiTa uwinve mcodneli ZvelTa da axalTa uk-
ciqulo taxtis Rirseba ar hqonda da

igi efesodan `gaapares bizantias~. 294
lebriv, wamkiTxavi kanonis brZanebisa,

uSiSrad moqmedi da kaci Rirsi, filosofosi da TeTris umoyvare~. 292 magaliTad, 266-e muxlSi ganmartebulia, Tu
ratom ar unda Caicvas kacma qalis,
qarTuli samarTlis wignSi Setanili `moses samarTalic~, cxadia, saeklesio samarTlis Zeglia.
samarTlis wignTa krebulis SesavalSi vaxtang VI-s samarTlianad ewode-
xolo qalma kacis tanisamosi, rom ar

SeiZleba maTi aRreva: `bevri avi boro-
ba: `marTlmadideblobis mxne da mxedari, uflisa Zlieri moRvawe, qristes
ti iqmnebis am rigis saqmiT. es saqadagebelia moqadageTagan da mosamarTleTagan~, 293 e.i. tansacmlis sworad Cac-
warCinebuli stratilati, ebguri, samaradiso mRviZare, sionisa rjulmtkicebiTa Seuryeveli sveti da godoli,
mis Sesaxebac ki moqadagem unda iqada-
gautexeli zRude marTlmadideblobiT
gos. aq, agreTve, xSirad gvxvdeba sityva `qorepiskopozi~ _ ganmartebulia maTi

uflebani. es faqti imiTaa saintereso,
rom IV s-is Semdeg, msoflio eklesiaSi
da RvTis siyvaruliT Seuorgulebeli

batoniSvili vaxtang~.
vaxtang VI, marTlac, marTlmadideblobis WeSmariti burji iyo, amitomac,
instituti `qorepiskoposobisa~ aikrZala, magram e.w. `qalkedonamdelma~ eklesiebma igi SeinarCunes. am Zeglidan
Cans, rom `kaTalikosi~ eTanadeba nikeas
rogorc iTqva, aTargmnina bizantiurmarTlmadidebluri samarTlis wigni.

jer kidev evropaSi elCobis gagzavnamde, rogorc `berZnuli samarTlis wig-
I krebis me-4 kanonSi moxmobil èpiskoposTa Tavs~. 28 7-e Tavidan Cans, rom
oTxi maxareblis `mociqulTa taxtze~
isxd nen kaT alikose bi (ep iskopos ebi)
nis~ Targmani cxadyofs, vaxtang VI marTlmadidebluri orientaciisa iyo, xolo

evropidan xelmocaruli elCebis dabrunebis Semdeg, vaxtangma 1722 wels sajarod
aleqsandriisa, romisa, antioqiisa, ma-
aRiara Tavisi marTlmadidebloba.
29 2
kan oni 154, q.s. Z. I, gv. 27 7;
29 3
iqve , gv. 321;
29 4
kan oni 154, q.s. Z. I, 327.
91
saeklesio samarTlis Zeglebis Targmanebi

XX saukunis meore naxevarSi
saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis
gauqmebam, xolo Semdgom aTeistebis saxelmwifoebrivma gabatonebam XIX da XX
qarTuli enidan axalze. mis winasityvaobaSi aRniSnulia - `Targmanis redaqtirebas xelmZRvanelobda mTavar-
ss-Si, cxadia, didad Seaferxa saeklesio samarTlis Zeglebis qarTul enaze

gadmoReba. qarTveli sasuliero pirebi
am epoqaSi ZiriTadad rusul sasulie-
episkoposi konstantine meliqiZe, redaqtirebaSi aseve monawilobdnen meufe

vaxtang axvlediani da giorgi cincaZe,
saboloo redaqcia ekuTvnis uwmidessa
ro saswavleblebSi iRebdnen ganaTlebas

da sargeblobdnen kidec rusuli Sesabamisi literaturiT. mxolod XX s-is
80-iani wlebis Semdeg, saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarq ilia II-is dros mieca
da unetaress, sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarq ilia II-s~. samwuxarod, mTargmnelis vinaoba gamocemaSi
ar aris aRniSnuli. rogorc aRiniSna,
qarTul enaze iqna gadmocemuli aseve
SesaZlebloba wmida eklesias odnav mainc

gamoecocxlebina saqarTveloSi uZvelesi xanidan arsebuli samarTlis Zegleb-
`didi sjuliskanoni~ da gamoqveynda 1987

wlis saeklesio kalendarSi.
eklesiisaTvis mniSvnelovani Sena-
is Targmanis saqme. amas xeli Seuwyo

`mcire~ da `didi~ sjuliskanonebis Zveli Targmanebis gamocemebma.
aRniSnul wignebs eklesiaSi praqtiku-
Zenia saeklesio kanonTa yvelaze avtoritetuli komentatorebis aristines,

zonarasa da balsamonis komentarebis
axali qarTuli Targmanebi. 1987 wels
li daniSnuleba aqvT, amitomac Cans,

saWirod iqna miCneuli mcire sjuliskanonis erTi nawilis gadmoReba Zveli
TbilisSi daistamba es Sroma saxelwodebiT - `mociqulTa, msoflio da adgilobrivi saeklesio krebebisa da wmida
92
mamebis kanonTa komentarebi~, 295 aRniS-
vili). am Targmanidanac naTlad Cans is
nuli komentarebis mTargmnels, romlis

vinaobac samwuxarod ar aris aRniSnu-
winaaRmdegoba, romelic arsebobs rus

samarTalmcodneTa Soris, magaliTad,
li, uTargmnia `sazRvargareTis rusuli

marTlmadidebluri eklesiis warmomadgenelTa gamocemidan: Rybuf ghfdbk d 30[ x fc n z[ c fk a f db n ys v e rf pf n tk tv ^
Bplfybt <hfncndf ghtg& Bjdf Gjxftdcr-
ukanaskneli Targmanis mixedviT, `mefis

mier miwieri eklesiis meTauroba imaSi
mdgomareobs, rom igi ara marto simfoniuri saero arqiepiskoposia, aramed
eklesiis sagareo saqmeTa erTaderTi
juj d Vjyhtfkt Heccrjq ghfdjckfdyjq

Wthrdb^ Rfyflf^ 1971&
episkoposi~, 29 7 es Tvalsazrisi mTlianad sawinaaRmdegoa v. cipinis mosazre-
saeklesio samarTlis cnobili mcodnis dekanoz vladislav cipinis Sromis

`saeklesio samarTlis~ erTi nawili èk-
bisa, rom mefis (imperatoris) es mdgomareoba ùSno tradiciaa~ - `bizantiis

qristiani imperatorebi warmarTi ro-
lesia da saxelmwifo~ Targmna grigol
maeli princepsebis pirdapiri memkvidre-
ruxaZem.
aTeisturi imperiis, sabWoTa kavSiris
daSlis Semdeg rusuli saeklesio samarTalmcodneTa erT nawilSi kvlav
bi iyvnen, romelTac sxva mraval titulTan erTad, aseTic hqondaT - pontifex maximus - umaRlesi mRvdelmTavari. es uSno tradicia, zogierTi qris-
a Ro r Zi n d a m on a rq i u li sa x el m w if o
sistemisaTvis mxardaWeris miswrafeba.
am ukanasknelTa mier gamocemuli naSromis Targmania `saxelmwifoebrivi ka-
tiani imperatoris moqmedebaSi, Sesustebuli saxiT drodadro mainc vlindeboda. eklesiisaTvis yvelaze aSkara da
saSiSi cezarul-papisturi tendencia ere-
texizmo, marTlmadidebluri swavleba

saRvTo xelisuflebaze~, Tb. 1999 (mTargmnel-gamomcemeli dek. arCil mindiaS-
tikos imperatorTa politikaSi, gansakuTrebiT xatmebrZoleobis epoqaSi gamomJRavnda~. 29 8
29 6
saR vTismet yvelo kr ebuli, 1987, # 1; 29 6 saq arTvel os ekle siis k alendar i, 199 9; 29 7 `saxelmwifoebrivi katexizmo~, 1999, gv. 18; 29 8 v. cipini, eklesia da saxelmwifo, dasax. naSr., gv. 148.
29 5
Tavi
93
mesame
saqarTvelos saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebi
s a e kl e s i o sa m a r T l is w y a r oe b s ,
rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, yofen or mTa-
lesio-saxelmwifoebrivi warmoSobis institutebi. Cven mier gansakuTrebuli
var jgufad, pirvelSi igulisxmeba pirebi

da institutebi, romelTac Seqmnes samarTlis normebi, meore ki warmoadgens
dokumentebsa da Zeglebs, romlebSic gadmocemulia aRniSnuli normebi.
Zvel saqarTveloSi, iseve rogorc
msoflios sxva qristianul qveynebSi,
eklesia ar iyo gamoyofili saxelmwi-
yuradReba eqceva amgvar erovnul saxelmwifo-saeklesio institutebisa da

saeklesio samarTlis normebis Semqmneli pirebis gamovlenasa da Seswavlas.
aRsaniSnavia, rom erovnuli saxelmwifoebriobis ryevis dros aRniSnul uflebebs iTvisebdnen dampyrobeli saxelmwifos mesveurebic.
foebrivi cxovrebidan. ufro metic,

saqarTveloSi, rogorc garkveulia niko
maris mier, saero da sasuliero Zalauflebis erToba udavo faqts warmoad-
samarTlis wyaroebis meore jgufs

miekuTvneba dokumentebi da Zeglebi,
romelnic gamoica zemoT aRniSnulTa mier.
mravali aseTi dokumenti Tan erTvis Cven
genda. amis gamo, saqarTvelos saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebis rkvevisas unda

gamovlindes saqarTveloSi arsebuli saek-
mier ganxilul yvela saeklesio sakanonmdeblo krebas, agreTve zogierT mimdinare krebas.
94
saqarTvelos saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebi I-V saukuneebSi

adgilobrivi eklesiis samarTlis erT-
dros, miiRo avtokefalia. maSasadame,
erT umTavres wyaros warmoadgens sakuTari krebebis mier miRebuli dadgenile-
mas IV-V ss-Si e.w. ori `dedaeklesia~

hyavda, jer konstantinopolisa, Semdeg
bani, im SemTxvevaSi Tu igi avtokefaluria, magram Tu mas ar aqvs avtokefalia, maSin misi samarTlis wyaroa
ki a ntioqi isa. is torikos ebis a seTi

daskvnebi saeklesio samarTlis monacemebs ar Seesabameba.
zemdgomi, anu kiriarqaluri eklesiis

dadgenilebani da miTiTebani. magaliTad,
rogorc cnobilia, konstantinopoli

Sendeboda 325-330 wlebSi da igi 330
rusuli eklesia XV s-mde valdebuli

iyo, aResrulebina konstantinopolis
sapatriarqos krebaTa, patriarqTa da sinodis yvela dadgenileba, radganac igi
iqamde warmoadgenda konstantinopolis
sapatriarqos erT-erT mitropolias. misTvis saeklesio samarTlis umTavres
we ls a ku rTx es r og or c q al aq i da
dedaq alaqi im periisa. am dros misi
episkoposi, viTarca erT-erTi qalaqis
mRvdelmTavari, emorCileboda Tavis mitropolits, romelic qalaq irakliaSi
ijda. rusi kanonistebis mixedviT, am
droisaTvis, e.i. IV s-is 30-ian wlebSi,
wyaros warmoadgenda msoflio patriarqTa is sigelebi, romlebic Seexeboda

rusul eklesias da konstantinopolidan
ugzavnidnen rus mitropolitebs, episko-
konstantinopolis episkoposs Tavisi

normaluri sididis eparqiac ki ar hqonda.
mxolod Semdeg gaafarTova man gavlena
jer mxolod Tavis garSemo myof olqze
posebsa da mTavrebs. 299

msgavsadve, qarTuli eklesiisaTvis
samarTlis mTavari wyaro avtokefaliis miRebamde iyo kiriarqaluri eklesia, xolo avtokefaliis miRebis Sem-
da TiTqmis saukune dasWirda, raTa Tavis

iurisdiqciaSi moeqcia 451 wlis qalkedonis msoflio krebis dasturiT iqamde
avtokefaluri diocezebi Trakiisa, asiisa da pontosi.
deg sakuTar kreba Ta dadgenilebani.

maSasadame, imisaTvis, raTa gavarkvioT
qarTuli eklesiis samarTlis mTavari
rodis daarsda oficialuri qarTuli eklesia? Tu sxvadasxva istorikosis monacemebs SevajerebT, es moxda 317-
wyaro, saWiroa misi avtokefaliis sakiTxis garkveva, rodis an visgan miiRo

avtokefalia. amJamindeli TvalsazrisiT,
romelmac asaxva qarTul enciklopediaSic pova, Camoyalibebis dros, IV s-is
326 wlebSi. 337 welic rom iyos es

TariRi, mainc mivalT, samarTlebrivi
TvalsazrisiT, dilemamde, e.i. Tu qarTuli eklesia daarsda 326 wels igi araviTar SemT xvevaSi konstant inopolis
dasawyisidan, qarTuli eklesia konstantinopolis iurisdiqciis qveS iyo, Semdeg antioqiis iurisdiqciaSi moeqca,
romlisganac V s-Si, petre fulonis
iurisdiqciaSi ar imyofeboda. Tu igi

daarsda 337 wels, 330 wels daarsebuli qalaqis episkoposs mainc ar SeeZlo
igi Tavis iurisdiqciaSi moeqcia, rad-
299
. , , . 99.
95
ganac rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, konstan-
qarTvel mecnier-moRvaweTa mosazrebebs
tinopolis episkoposs Tavisi normaluri

sididis eparqiac ki ar hqonda im droisaTvis da kidevac rom moendomebina imperiis farglebs gareT kavkasiis mTebTan mdebare eklesiis daqvemdebareba, amas
adasturebs axali arqeologiuri monacemebic. marTlac, rogorc arqeologiuri

masalebi adasturebs, saqarTveloSi IV
s-mdec cxovrobdnen qristianebi, TavianTi salocavebiT (IV s-mdeli eklesiac
mainc ver SeZlebda, radganac maSin konstantinopolsa da saqarTvelos Soris

pontos diocezis avtokefaluri eklesia imyofeboda. saeklesio samarTlis
ki aRmoCnda nastakisSi). sainteresoa isic,

rom II-III ss-Si CvenSi qristianul aRmsareblobas maRal, mdidar fenebSic ki
SeuRwevia, miT umetes, mravlad iqnebo-
mixedviT, IV s-is 30-ian wlebSi aseTi

daqvemdebareba SeuZlebeli iyo. msgavsadve
saeWvoa, antioqiis iurisdiqciac Cveni
eklesiis mimarT.
saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebis Ziebisas aucileblad unda gaviTvaliswinoT TviT qarTuli eklesiis Zveli moRvaweebis mosazrebani avtokefaliis Sesaxeb. erTi aseTi, yvelaze ufro avtoritetuli iyo wmida giorgi mTawmideli, romlis avtoritetuloba sakanonmdeblo
saqmeSi sagangebo muxliT daadastura
ruis-urbnisis saeklesio krebamac. giorgi
da qristianTa ricxvi dabal fenaSi,

romelSic saerTod gavrcelda Tavdapirvelad qristianoba. 300 IV s-mde `qristianuli ideologiis gavlenis zrda
qarTlis Zveli dedaqalaqis mosaxleobaSi
SesamCnevi aris. rogorc Cans, igi mosaxleobis sxvadasxva fenaSi gavrcelda. amis sailustraciod gamodgeba gvianantikuri xanis samareebSi aRmoCenili
qristianuli simboloebi mcxeTa-samTavroSi, agreTve, erwos velze `quSaanT goris
samarovanze~. amaze metyvelebs dakrZalvis qristianuli wesi, romelic da-
mTawmidelis azriT, qarTuli eklesia

daarsebul iqna ara IV s-Si, aramed I-II
ss-Si TviT mociqulTa mier, aqedan gamomdinare, igi msgavsad sxva mociqulTa
mier daarsebuli yvela eklesiisa, daarsebisTanave avtokefaluri iyo, Tanaxmad
imJamindeli saeklesio samarTlisa. amis
dasturda. 301 iq dakrZalvis socialuri

kuTvnileba eWvs ar iwvevs, rogorc irkveva, qristianul ideologias qarTlis
sa mef os ma Ral fe ne bSi c g as Cen ia
dasayrdeni oficialur saxelmwifo religiad gamocxadebamde~. 30 2
III s-Si, Tuki qarTlis maRal feneb-
gamo, giorgi mTawmidelis azriT, antioqiis sapatriarqos pretenziebi qarTuli eklesiis mimarT ukanono iyo, antioqiis eklesia arasdros yofila qarTuli eklesiis, e.w. `deda-eklesia~. Cven
giorgi mTawmidelis es Tvalsazrisi
mravalgzis gvaqvs qvemoT ganxiluli,
amitomac aq aRar SevexebiT, magram Zvel
Sic ki imdenad iyo fexmokidebuli qristianuli sarwmunoeba, rom maRali wris

axalgazrda (20-22 wlis) qristian qalbatons didebiT krZalavdnen sagangebo
umdidres akldamaSi, qristianuli yovelgvari wesebis dacviT, maSin roca romis
imperiaSi qristianebi katakombebSi imalebodnen, Cans, qarTlSi qristianTa ricx-
b. diasamiZe, qr istes mociqul ebi gon io-afsarosSi, r. ramiSvili, biWvintis uZ velesi eklesiebi,
qris tianuli arqeol ogiis mesame s amedic ino kon cefcia, 1999, gv. 3, 6; 301 mcx eTa, ar qeolog iuri
k vl e va-Zie bis Se de g eb i; ramin ramiSv il i, e rwo s v el i g v ian ar maz ul xan aSi, 197 3; 30 2 Z eg l is
mego bari, 1983, # 63, gv. 37-38, seria, mater ialuri kultur is Zegl ebi.
300
96
vi ara marto didia, aramed maRali fen-
moadgenda sakuTari episkoposi, im droi-
ac maincdamainc ar krZalavs qristianobas.

mematiane aRniSnavs kidec, rom III s-Si
saTvis igive mRvdeli.

vin adgenda pirvel qristianTa episko-
qarTlis mefe rev marTals saxelmwifo

kultis reformac ki Cautarebia qristianuli moralis Sesabamisad. ufro
metic, arsebobs II-III ss-Ta qristianTa
saflavebis arqeologiuri monapovrebi
poss? rogorc aRvniSneT, episkoposi avtokefaluri samarTlebrivi subieqti iyo

da mas adgenda TviT konkretuli qristianuli Temis xalxi, ubralo morwmuneebi. `didaqes~ aRniSnuli muxli avalde-
TiTqmis mTel saqarTveloSi, maT Soris _

bavSvebisa. saeklesio samarTlis mxriv am
bulebs qristianebs: `XV, 1. daadgineT

TqvenTvis episkoposebi da diakvnebi,
pirvel qristianebs, cxadia, unda hyolodaT samRvdeloeba, mRvdlis gareSe ar

moxdeboda naTloba, qristiani ki mxolod
Rirsni uflisa, kacni mSvidni da uvercxloni, WeSmaritni da gamocdilni, rom

winaswarmetyvelTa da moZRvarTa liturg-
monaTluli adamiani iyo. maSasadame, qris-
ia amsaxuron maTac Tqven Soris. 2. ar
tianTa arseboba TavisTavad gulisxmobs

qarTlSi samRvdeloebis arsebobas. magram iyvnen Tu ara episkoposebi?
nikeamdeli epoqis saeklesio samarT-
moiZagoT isini, radganac Tqven mier

winaswarmetyvelTa da moZRvarTa darad
arian pativdebulni~. 304
aqedan gamomdinare, I-II ss-Ta da amave
lis uZveles Zegls warmoadgens `didaqe~

`Tor meti moc iqul is m oZRv reba ~,
ganekuTvneba I-II ss-Ta mijnas. masSi
aris ramdenime kanoni saeklesio-iurid-
epoqis mcxeTel qristianebs uTuod unda

hyolodaT maT mierve gamorCeuli episkoposi, mociqulTa swavlis `didaqes~ Sesabamisad. es episkoposi iyo TavisTava-
i u l i x a s i a T i s a (X I - X V I T a v e b S i ) .
`didaqeSi~ ar moixsenebian presviterebi
(mRvdlebi), aramed mxolod episkoposebi
da diakvnebi (maT garda mosiarule mo-
di, ara sxva qalaqis an ucxo qveynis

episkoposis mier gamogzavnili, aramed TviT
morwmuneTa mier gamorCeuli Rirsebebis
gamo (kacni mSvidni, uvercxloni da a.S.).
ciqulebi, winaswarmetyvelebi da moZRvrebi). 303 saqme isaa, rom, rogorc aRiniSna,

uZveles periodSi, swored episkoposebi
i yv n e n m o ma q c ev e l eb i xa l x is a , a n u
dRevandeli mniSvnelobiT mRvdlebi. ma-
unda davaskvnaT, rom Tu CvenSi namdvilad iqadages mociqulebma da gaavrceles qristianoba, Cvens pirvel qristianebs `didaqes~ mixedviT episkoposebi
Tavdapirveladve hyavdaT, es episkoposebi
gram am episkoposebs sruli iurisdiqciuli damoukidebloba hqondaT. amis Sesaxeb TviT `didaqeSia~ miTiTeba XV Tavis
ki iyvnen samarTlis wyaro pirveli qristianuli eklesiebisaTvis.

`mociqulTa epoqaSi presviteri xSir-
1-el muxlSi. Cven imis Tqma gvsurs,

rom samar Tlebrivi damokid ebulebis
mxriv, qarTlSi myofi qristianuli TemisaTvis, anu pirvelsaukuneTa eklesii-
ad ewodeboda episkoposs da piriqiT,

episkoposi presviters~. 305
presviters uwodebdnen TavianT Tavs
petre (I petre, 5, 1), ioane da sxva
saTvis saeklesio samarTlis wyaros war-
mociqulebi, saeklesio sazogadoebis
. , , . 46; 304 moZRvreba Tormeti mociqulisa, jvari vazisa, e. WeliZis

Targmani, 1988, #3, gv. 35; 305 saqme mociqulTa, XX, 17-18, 28; I petre 5,2; tite 15,7; I tim. III, 12,7.
303
97
saTaveSi mdgomT miemarTebodaT agreTve
s-Si (anda III s-is bolos), anu daax-
sxva saxelwodebebic, magaliTad: `mwyemsebi~, `winamZRolni~, `winamZRvarni~. 306

xucesisa da episkoposis urTierTmimarTebis Sesaxeb werda aseve efrem
mcire, Tavis komentarebSi, romelic
daurTo dionise areopagelis wignebs: `Seiswave, viTarmed maSin jereT episko-
loebiT im dros, roca qarTlis samefo

ojaxma oficialurad miiRo qristianuli sarwmunoeba da moiqca mTeli qarTveli
eri, es kanonebi avaldebulebda iqamde
qveyanaSi arsebul patar-patara qris-
po sT a m Rde l uwo dia n da mRd el Ta

episkopos, rameTu arRa gankuTvnil iyvnes
saxelni ese~. 307
maSasadame, aseTi mRvdeli episkoposebi (am sityvis Tavdapirveli mniSvnelobiT) unda hyolodaT Tavdapirvel mcxeTel qristianebs (II-III ss), erwoelebs
(erwoSic arqeologiuri masalis mixedviT , ars ebobd a qris tianT a Tem i),
wilknelebs da sxva mraval daba-sofels,
vidre WiaTuris raionis sofel rganamde (arqeologiuri masalis mixedviT aqac
aris aRmoCenili II-III ss-is qristianuli samarxebi da naSTebi) da sxvagan.
mociqulTa mier am pirveli episkoposebisaTvis mocemuli iyo `mociqulTa
kanonebis~ 34-e muxli `yvela eris
episkoposebma unda icodnen maT Soris
pirveli da Tavi episkoposi da araferi
zedmeti ar unda gaakeTon mis gareSe,
aramed yoveli maTgani mxolod imas unda
akeTebdes, rac sasargebloa misi eklesiisaTvis da misTvis daqvemdebarebuli soflebisaTvis, magram nurc (pirveli) episkoposi gaakeTebs nurafers sxvebTan SeTanxmebis gareSe, vinaidan mxolod ase
aResruleba erTneboba da idideba RmerTi uflis mier suli wmidiT~. 308
rogorc cnobilia, es `mociqulTa
kanonebi~ wmida eklesiaSi gamoCnda IV
tianul TemTa mraval episkoposs, imave

mRvdlebs CamoeyalibebinaT saeklesio centralizebuli eklesia, mtkiced SeekraT
igi TavianT Soris `pirveli~, anu Tavi
episkoposis gamorCeviT. unda vifiqroT,
rom wm. ninos dros antioqiidan Camosuli berZeni episkopati albaT am sakiTxSi, anu centralizebuli saeklesio organizaciis SeqmnaSi Tu daexmara adgilobriv axalmoqceul xalxsa da saxelmwifos. yovel SemTxvevaSi, msoflio
saeklesio kanonebis mcodneTa Tanaxmad,
im droisaTvis, yvela eris eklesia (IV
s-is dasawyisSi) avtokefaluri iyo, 309
rogorc 34-e kanonic moiTxovs. anu
gaqristianebuli xalxis SigniT myofma
episkoposebma erTmaneTs Soris unda gamoirCion pirveli episkoposi da daemorCilon mas. pirveli episkoposi, anu mTavarepiskoposi (imJamindeli gagebiT) ar
iniSneba ucxoeTidan, mas adgilze irCeven
da, Sesabamisad, adgilobrivi eklesiis
samarTlis wyaroa sakuTari eklesiis
episkopatisa da `pirvelis~ dadgenilebani. aseve unda yofiliyo qarTlis eklesiaSic IV s-is dasawyisSi. TiTqosda,
aseve unda esmodes es sakiTxi ruisurbnisis krebis Zegliswerasac, romelic IV s-Si am axal organizebul Tu
centralizebul qarTuli eklesiis pirvel
meTaurs ukve kaTalikoss, anu `sayovelTao episkoposs~ uwodebs.
wm. klime nti romaeli, J urn, `gza samefo, danarTi, 1997, #3, gv . 9, Targmani g. zviadaZis a; 307
wm. dionise areop ageli, SeniSvn ebi s. enuqaSvilisa, 1961, gv. 261; 308 didi sjuliskanoni, saekl esio
kalendari, 1987. gv. 166; 309 . , , , 1950, 7, . 39; wignSi
`saq arTvel os samo ciqulo eklesiis ist oria, t . I, 1996, gv . 185-203.
306
98
ara marto ruis-urbnisis sakanonm-
saqarTvelo~, maT Soris aRmosavleTic
deblo kreba, aramed sxva mkvlevarebic

(efrem mcire) IV s-is qarTuli eklesiis pirvel meTaurs kaTalikoss uwodeben. ruis-urbnisis wmida kreba brZanebs:
wm. ninom `miizida yoveli savseba yovel-
andria `Cvenamdec moiwia da qadaga

sacxovrebeli qadageba saxarebisa yovelsa qveyana saqarTvelosa~. 311
amitom, rodesac `Zegliswera~ ambobs,
rom evstaTi antioqielma patriarqma mefe
Ta qarTvelTa naTesavisa sakvirvelT moqmedebiTa niSeb SemosilTa saswaulTa YTa, raJams igi qarTvelTa mefeman mirian
mefeTa Soris didisa konstantinessa miv-
mirianis dros `xeldasxmulyo episkoposi-kaTalikosi~, ruis-urbnisis kreba

am kaTalikosis xelqveiT gulisxmobs
sxva episkoposebis arsebobas, romelTa
linebiTa da misgan gamoTxo YTa mefobisa

Tvisisa qalaqad mcxeTad STamoiyvana
evstaTi didi saydris mpyrobeli antioqielTa eklesiisa da wmidaTa mier xelTa
misTa naTel iRo man da yovelman erman
qarTlisaman, da TviT patriarqTa Soris
saxelganTqmulman evstaTi xeliTa TvisiTa STadva safuZveli maSin sadme mcxeTas
aRSenebulisa eklesiisa Y, romelica friadisa Tana gulmodginebisa ganasrules
ra maT, ganwmida igi da xeldasmulyo mas
Sina episkoposi-kaTolikosi~. 310
saerTod, `kaTalikosi~ mravali
Sorisac mociqulTa 34-e kanonis Tanaxmad, erTi `pirveli~, anu sayovelTao

unda iyos, romlis kanonizeba anu kurTxeva unebebia antioqiel patriarqs, mniSvneloba ara aqvs imas, igi Camoyvanili
iyo Tu mkvidri, eTnikuri qarTveli Tu
ucxoeli. am `kaTalikosis~ xeldasxmuloba, ukve TavisTavad gulisxmobda sxva
episkoposebis mier mis aRiarebas, viTarca
maT Soris pirvelsa da sayovelTaos. sxva
sakiTxia is, namdvilad SeiZleboda Tu
ara, rom rqmeoda termini `kaTalikosi~
eklesiis meTaurs IV s-Si.
an ramdenime episkoposis sayovelTao,

pirvel aRmatebul an gamorCeul episkoposs erqva, sityva `kaTalikosi~ TavisTavad gulismobs ramdenime episkoposis
arsebobas am kaTalikosis, anu `sayovelTaos~ xelqveviT.
ruis-urbnisis kreba axsenebs kidec
yovel SemTxvevaSi, imJamindeli msoflio saeklesio samarTali moiTxovda

erTi qveynis SigniT myof episkoposebs
gamoerCiaT maT Soris `pirveli~. albaT
am `pirvels~ gulisxmobda ruis-urbnisis kreba IV s-Si xeldasxmuli `kaTalikosis~ qveS.
sityvas `yovlisa~. wm. ninom, misi ganmartebiT, moaqcia ara mxolod aRmosavleT saqarTvelos qarTveloba, aramed
srulad saqarTvelos, maT Soris dasavleT saqarTvelos qarTvelobac `miizida
yoveli savseba yovlisa qarTvelTa naTesavisa~, iseve, rogorc ufro adre, amave
krebis gansazRvrebiT, andria pirvelwodebulma gaanaTla ara mxolod dasavl eT sa q a rT v el o a r am e d
` yo v el i
karTagenis (419) krebis me-17 muxlis Tanaxmad, `TiToeul samTavros, Tu

is Sorsaa, unda hyavdes Tavisi mTavarepiskoposi~ - e.i. avtokefaluri ierarqi.
saeklesio samarTlis wyaro IV-V ssSi, mas Semdeg, rac ukve namdvilad iqna
organizebuli erTiani qarTuli eklesia
samefo saxlisa da saxelmwifos mzrunvelobiT, ganxiluli gvaqvs, agreTve, aqve
paragrafebSi `kaTalikosi~ da `patriarqi~.
310
didi sjulis kanoni, 1975, gv. 54 6;
311
iqv e, gv. 545.
99
Cveni naSromis arsidan gamomdinare,
mociqulTa droidan qristianuli Teme-
gansakuTrebul yuradRebas mivapyrobT

pirvel saukuneebSi qristianTa mier
krebaTa mowvevis wesebs, `didaqe~, anu
`Tormeti mociqulis moZRvreba~ avaldebulebda II-III ss-Ta qristianebs `xSir-
bi s ar se bo bis S es ax eb mi gv iT iT eb s,
rogorc werilobiTi wyaroebi, ise arqeologiuri aRmoCenebi. 314
nikeis zemoT aRniSnuli I msoflio
krebis me-4 kanoni romis imperiis Sig-
ad erTad Sekrebas~ (`didaqe~, XVI, 2).

gansakuTrebiT ki kvira dRes ùflis
kviradRes SeikribeT, gantexeT puri da
aRavlineT samadlobeli, aRiareT Sec-
n iT arseb ul i pr ov in ciis ( an u
ZvelqarTulad - `samTavros~) avtokefaluroba - TavisTavadobas warmoaCens.
am kanonis ZaliT èpiskoposi unda daadg-
odebani, rom wmida iyos msxverpli Tqveni~ (`didaqe~, XVI, 1). swored am Sekrebebis dros unda `daedgina TavisTvis~ qristianul Tems Tavisi axali episkoposi:
`daadgineT TqvenTvis episkoposebi da
diakvnebi, Rirsni uflisa, kacni mSvidni
da uve rcx lon i, W eSmari tni da
gamocdilni, rom winaswar-metyvelTa da
moZRvarTa liturgia amsaxuron maTac
Tqvens Soris~ (`didaqe~, XV, 1).
sxva saeklesio-sakanonmdeblo Zegli,
`wmida mociqulTa kanonebi~ (amJamad moqmedi saeklesio samarTalia) Tavis 37-e
inos samTavros yvela episkoposma... am

qmedebas sabolood amtkicebs samTavros
mitropoliti~. 315
samTavroSi, anu provinciaSi (saxelmwifo administraciul erTeulSi) Tu
arsebobda ori an meti episkoposi, maT
Soris upiratesoba unda miniWeboda
samTavros dedaqalaqSi mjdoms (aqedanaa
` mi t ro p ol i ti s ~ w od e ba ) , r om e li c
damoukidebeli, avtokefaluri mmarTvelia. karTagenis saeklesio krebis kanonebis IV, 12 muxlis Tanaxmad samTavros
episkoposs gangeb ar unda gaeyo Tavisi
kanonSi acxadebs: èpiskoposTa kreba unda

Sedges weliwadSi orjer~, pirvelad
s u li w m id i s d R e sa s w a ul i s d R e eb S i
(meoTxe kviras), meored ki 12 seqtembers. 312 Cans, es kanoni moqmedebda III ssa da IV s-is dasawyisSi, radganac 325
wels Semdgari pirveli msoflio nikeis
samTavro or saepiskoposo nawilad (saero

xelisufalTa daxmarebiT), raTa TviTon
mieRo mitropolitis pativi, e.i. mis xelqveiT xelovnurad ar unda aRmoCeniliyo ramdenime episkoposi, 316 e.i. samitropolito erTeulebis gazrda SeizRuda. romis imperiis provinciaTa eklesie-
krebis kanonebis mixedviTac aseTive wesia dadgenili weliwadSi orjer krebis

mowvevisa, kerZod, me-5 kanonis Tanaxmad, `TiToeul samTavroSi weliwadSi
orjer Catardes episkoposTa kreba~. 313
e s k a n o n e b i , c xa d i a , S e e x e b o d a
saqarTveloSi arsebul qristianul Temebsac, rogorc aRiniSna, saqarTveloSi
bi erTmaneTis mimarT avtokefalurni iyvnen

da rogorc qvemoT aRvniSnavT, maTi ricxvi
asobiT iyo (am sakiTxs eZRvneba sagangebo statia `qarTuli eklesiis uflebrivi
mdgomareobis Sesaxeb IV s-Si~). 317
IV s-is dasawyisidanve, rogorc cnobilia, TandaTanobiT daiwyo Semcireba
avtokefaluri eklesiebis ricxvma, ma-
saq . ekl. kalen dari, 1987, gv. 167; 313 iqve , gv. 17 9; 314 a. jafariZ e, saqarTvelos samociqulo
ekle siis istoria, t. 1, 1996, gv. 127-14 3; 315 saq . ekl. kalen dari, 1987, gv. 17 8; 316 iqv e, gv. 492;
317
saq arTvel os samo ciqulo eklesia, t. 1, 199 6, gv. 185-20 4; 318 saq arTvel os ekl esiis kalendari,
1987 , gv. 493.
312
100
gram eklesiaTa (provinciaTa eklesiebis

e.w. `samTavroebis~) avtokefalias umtkicesad icavda msoflio krebebi, es gansakuTrebiT gamoikveTa III msoflio krebis me-8 kanonSi da ufro adre ki II
msoflio krebis me-2 kanonSi. Tumca TviT
lesiisa. asiis soflebis episkoposebi

unda ganagebdnen mxolod asiis eklesiebs, pontoeli episkoposebi unda marTavdnen mxolod pontos eklesiebs, xolo
Trakiis episkoposebi mxolod Trakiis
eklesiebs. episkoposi ar unda gavides
I msoflio krebis me-6 kanonma daadastura faqti imisa, rom imperiis udidesi (saimperio) dedaqalaqebis garSemo
myofi eklesiebi ukve damorCilebulni
iyvnen dedaqalaqeli episkoposis xelisu-
Tavis samrevlo eklesiis farglebidan

xeldasxmisaTvis, an sxva raime saeklesio gangebisaTvis mowodebis an miwvevis
gareSe, TiToeul samTavros (eparqias)
ganagebs amave samTavros kreba nikeaSi
flebas (aseT dedaqalaqebad aRiarebul

iqnen romi, aleqsandria da antioqia).
imave faqts aRiarebda laodikiis krebis
57-e kanoni `mcire qalaqebis episkoposebi
d am o ki d eb u ln i u nd a i y vn e n d id i
dedaqalaqebis episkoposebze~. 318
II msoflio krebis me-2 kanonma pirdapir aukrZala aleqsandriisa da antioqiis episkoposebs kidev ufro metad
gaefarToebinaT TavianTi xelisufleba
gansazRvruli kanonis Tanaxmad, xolo

warmarTTa Soris arsebuli ucxo tomTa eklesiebi unda ganagon mamaTa mier
dawesebuli Zveli kanonebis mixedviT~. 319
II msofl io krebis kanon i (me-2)
adasturebs, rom romis imperiaSi yvela sa mTav ros (p rov inc iis) ek les ia
(eparqia) iyo avtokefaluri, garda ramdenime dedaqalaqis garSemo myofi eklesiisa. swored ase esmis es sakiTxi
mcire saepiskoposo erTeulebis avtokefaliis gauqmebis xarjze, kerZod, swored

antioqiis Zlieri eklesiis gavlenis gafarToebis Sesaneleblad krebam xazgasmiT cno pontos, asiisa da Trakiis uamravi episkoposis TviTmmarTveloba _ avtokefalia. kerZod, kanonSi aRniSnulia:
èklesiaTa keTilad gangebisa da mSvidobisaTvis arc erT episkoposs ara aqvs
uf le ba g asc de s Ta vi si ek le si is
sazRvrebs da SeiWras sxva eklesiis
sazRvrebSi, raTa ar moaxdinos eklesiebis
aRreva. kanonTa Tanaxmad, aleqsandriis
episkoposi unda ganagebdes mxolod egviptis eklesiebs, aRmosavleTis episkoposebi
unda ganagebdnen mxolod aRmosavleTis
eklesiebs. daculi unda iyos nikeis kanonebiT dawesebuli pativi antioqiis ek-
udides kanonists Teodor balsamons,

igi werda II msoflio krebis me-2 kanonis ganmartebisas: `miaqcie yuradReba, rom am kanonis Tanaxmad provinciebis eklesiebis yvela mitropoliti
avto kefaluri iyo da xeldasx muli
iyo Tavis krebis mier~. 32 0
balsamoni amasTan dakavSirebiT werd a : ( D l ht dy j cn b d ct vb n hj gj k bn s
tgfh[bb ,s kb ytpfdbcbvs (fdnjrtafkmws ) b h er j g j k f u f tv s , s k b cd j q v b
cj,cndtyys vb cj,jhfvb)& 32 1
balsamonis azriT, im droisaTvis
(igulisxmeba IV s-is 80-iani wlebamde) romis imperiaSi 100-ze meti avtokefaluri eklesia arsebobda, radganac yvela provinciis eklesia avtokefaluri iyo. 32 0
II ms. kre bis me-2 kano ni, saq . ekles iis kal endari, 1987, gv. 210; 320 C& nhjbwrbq^ J Wthrj dyjq
fdnj rtafkbb^ :VG^ 1950^ + 7^ c& 3 9$ 321 Ghfdbkf cdzns[ dctktycr b[ Cj, jhjd c njkrjdfybzvb^ x& 1 ^ V&
1877 ^ c& 85^ 87&
319
101
qar Tuli ekl esii s av toke fali is
romelmac TiTqosda antioqiis krebis dad-
Sesaxeb Teodore balsamoni swored II

msoflio krebis me-2 kanonis ganmartebisas wers (swored es kanoni miaCnda mas
eklesiaTa avtokefalurobis uflebis
e r T- e r T u Z v e le s s af u Z v la d ) : ` n u
genilebiT iberiis eklesias avtokefalia mianiWa, gulisxmobda petre III-s

(1053-1057), Tumca sxvebi am petres
aigive ben antioqi is patriarq petre
mkawvralTan, rac saeWvoa (es petre
gaikvirveb, Tu sxva eklesiebsac ipovi

avtokefalurad, rogorc bulgareTis eklesias, kviprosisa da iberiisas. bulgareTis arqiepiskoposi - pativSi aiyva-
mkawvreli, igive fuloni, monofizitobis erT-erTi eresiarqi, gansakuTrebiT

sZuldaT Zvel saqarTveloSi da miiCnevdnen, rom igi qarTlis mTavarepisko-
na iustiniane mefem... kviprosis arqiepiskoposi pativSi aiyvana III msoflio krebam, xolo iberiis episkoposi
pativSi aiyvana antioqiis krebis dadgenilebam. amboben, rom maSin rodesac
RvTaebrivi qalaqis didi antioqiis uwmides patriarqad iyo ufali petre,
gamotanil iqna krebis dadgenileba, rom
iqnes Tavisufali da avtoke faluri
eklesia iberiisa, romelic eqvemdebareboda antioqiis patriarqs~. 32 2
amave cnobas TiTqmis ucvlelad imeorebs XIV s-is didi kanonisti maTe
posma miqaelma, sxva qarTvel episkoposebTan erTad Caqola somxeT-saqarTvelos sazRvarTan). ramdenad sworad gadmoscems balsamoni qarTuli eklesiisaTvis
avtokefaliis miniWebis ambebs, ueWvelia Tu ara misi cnobebi? am mxriv SeiZleba gamogvadges balsamonis amave cnobaSi moTxrobili magaliTi kviprosis eklesiisa. balsamonis mtkicebiT, kviprosis eklesias avtokefalia mianiWa III msoflio krebam. magram, rogorc sayovelTaodaa
cnobili, kviprosis eklesias III msoflio krebam avtokefalia ki ar mianiWa,
blastari: - `Semdegi eklesiebi ar eqvemdebarebian arc erT patriarqs: bulgareTis eklesia, romelsac pativi mianiWa
iustiniane mefem, rogorc es cnobilia
xsenebuli novelebidan, kviprosis eklesia, amas pativi mianiWa III da VI krebam, iberielTa eklesia, romelsac pa-
aramed piriqiT, misi ZvelTaganve arsebuli avtokefalia daicva! cxadia, es

momenti cnobilia balsamonisTvis da
amitomac mohyavs mas kviprosis avtokefaliis magaliTi II msoflio krebis me2 kanonis ganxilvisas, romlis mixedviTac romis imperiis provinciebis eklesie-
tivi mieniWa antioqiis krebis dadgenilebiT (winaT is antioqias eqvemdebareboda), maTi mRvdelmTavrebi, Cveule bri v, x elT -is xme bod nen sak uTa ri
episkoposebisagan~. 32 3
1185-91 wlebSi antioqiis patriarqad
arCeuli, ufro adre ki konstantinopolis pa triarqis m Tavari iur idiuli
mrCeveli, Teodore balsamoni, rogorc
fiqroben, antioqiis patriarq petres qveS,
bi avtokefalurebi iyvnen.
rogorc cnobilia, 38 1 wels
kviproselma episkoposebma efesos III
msoflio krebas warudgines sityvieri
da werilobiTi saCivari imis Sesaxeb,
rom antioqiis episkoposi moqmedebda
saeklesio wesTa da wmida mamebis kanonis sawinaaRmdegod, rodesac bedavda
kviprosze xeldasxmas. `krebis ganCinebis Tanaxmad kviprosel episkoposebs
322
geo rgika, t. VIII, 1970 , gv. 18;
323
geo rgika, t. VIII, gv. 120.
102
saeklesio kanonebisamebr TviT unda hqon-
ucxo tomTa eklesiebi ganagon mamaTa mier
deT Tavisive episkoposebis xeldasxmis

ufleba. es wesi Seucvlelad unda iyos
dawesebuli Zveli kanonebis mixedviT~ (II

msoflio krebis me-2 kanoni).
daculi sxva gansagebelTa (olqTa) da

eparqiaTa mimarTac. nurc erTi episkoposi nu miitacebs sxva eparqias, romelic
Tavidanve da ZvelTaganve ar emorCileboda mas da ar iyo mis winamorbed say-
balsamonma, rogorc aRvniSneT, kargad icis, rom kviprosis eklesia, romelic T viT mo ciqulT a dros daars da,
Tavidanve avtokefaluri iyo. magram, radganac misi avtokefalia daicva III msof-
dris mpyrobelTa gamgeblobis qveS. xolo

Tu vinme miitacebs da daimorCilebs sx-
lio krebam, amitomac moixseniebs am

krebas: `kviprosis arqiepiskoposi pativSi
vis eparqias iZulebiT, igi unda ganTavisufldes, raTa ar dairRves mamaTa

kanoni da mRvdelmTavrobaSi Tavi ar unda
aiyvana III krebam~, e.i. ukve avtokefaluri kviprosis eklesiis saarqiepiskoposo pativi aRiara, daicva da daamtki-
iCinos saero mTavrobismoyvareobis am-
ca III msoflio krebam.
partavnebam da medidurobam. wmida msoflio krebam daadgina agreTve, rom TiToeulma eparqiam wmidad daicvas Zveli
Cveuleba da wesi. TiToeulma mitro-
aqedan gamomdinare, msgavsadve, balsamonis mier naTqvami, rom ìberiis arqiepiskoposi pativSi aiyvana antioqiis
krebis dadgenilebam~ ar unda gavigoT
politma unda waiRos am kanonis asli

Tavis simtkicisaTvis. Tu vinme am dadgenilebis sawinaaRmdego wess SemoiRebs,
msoflio kreba mas daumtkiceblad CaTv-
ise, TiTqosda antioqiis krebam petres

patriarqobis dros V Tu XI s-Si avtokefalia mianiWa qarTul eklesias,
aramed, iseve rogorc kviprosis ekle-
lis da mas ar eqneba Zala~. 324

msoflio krebis am kanonidan naTlad Cans, rom IV s-is miwurulsac ki
wmida sayovelTao eklesia moiTxovda
sia iyo damoukidebeli, xolo III msoflio krebam daicva es avtokefalia, aseve
qarTuli eklesia aRniSnul petremdec
iyo avtokefaluri da petres dros an-
mtkiced yofiliyo daculi samitropolitoTa (gansagebelTa, samTavroTa, eparqiaTa) avtokefalia, kerZod, kreba moiTxovda Seuryeveli yofiliyo am avtokefaliaTa safuZveli. esaa `Zvel Cveule-
tioqiis krebam cno, anda daicva ukve

arsebuli avtokefalia. marTlac, ase Cans
`giorgi mTawmidelis cxovrebidanac~:
antioqiis patriarqs petre III-s moaxsenes bizantielebma qarTuli eklesiis
baTa wesis~ ucvleloba, `mamaTa kanonebis~ urRveoba. ra iyo `Zveli Cveuleba

da wesi~, ras iTxovda `mamaTa kanoni~? -
sruli avtokefaliis Sesaxeb: `meufeo,

eklesiani da mRvdelmTavarni qarTlisani
ara romlisa patriarqisa xelmwifebasa
es iyo provinciaTa eklesiebis avtokefalurobis dacva, rom `TiToeul provincias (samTavros) ganagebdes amave samTavros
kreba nikeaSi gansazRvruli kanonis Tanax-
queSe arian da yovelni saeklesioni wesni

maT mier ganegebian da TviT daisumen
kaTalikosTa da episkoposTa, da ara
samarTal ars ese, rameTu aTormetTa
mad. xolo warmarTTa Soris arsebuli
mociqulTagan aravin misrul ars qveya-
III msoflio krebis me-8 kanoni, saq. eklesiis kalendari, 1987, gv. 251; 325 giorgi mcire, cxovreba
giorgi mTawmidelisa, Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi, 1967, wigni II, gv. 152.
324
103
nasa maTsa da jer ars, raTa qalaqsa
provinciebis avtokefalia yovelgvari
amas RvTisasa (e.i. antioqias) da saydarTa mociqulTa Tavisasa daemorCil-
wina pirobis gareSe samarTlebriv movlenad iTvleboda da amitomac mas mkac-
nen da amissa xelmwifebasa qveSe iyvnen.

rameTu naTesavni ars umecari da samwyso Y mcire da Cuenda maxlobel arian da
jer ars, raTa xelmwifebasa queSe antioqieli patriarqisasa imwyemsebodin da
rad icavda pirveli msoflio krebebi,

XI s-saTvis avtokefalurobis safuZvlad ukve miiCneva Tormet mociqulTagan romelimes mier mocemuli eklesiis
dafuZneba. amitomac, antioqiis krebisa
ikurTxebodes kaTalikozi maTi da viyvneT Cven erT samwyso da erT mwyems~. 325
da patriarqis winaSe misul wm. giorgi

mTawmidels unda gaebaTilebina misi ek-
aqedan Cans, rom balsamonis mier

naxseneb àntioqiis krebis dadgenilebamde~, romelmac TiTqosda XI s-Si
lesiis winaSe wamoyenebuli braldeba _

`mociqulTagan aravin misrul ars qveyanasa maTsa~. 326 Tuki giorgi mTawmideli
qarTul eklesias avtokefalia mianiWa,
daamtkicebda, rom mociqulebma daafuZnes
qarTuli eklesia didi xnis avtokefaluri iyo, kerZod:

1. misi episkoposebi ar emorCilebodnen ucxoeTis arc erT patriarqs
saqarTvelos eklesia, es iqneboda qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis samarTlebrivi

safuZveli. marTlac, giorgi mTawmidelma
moiTxova wigni `mimosvla Y andria mo-
(rogorc zemoT moyvanilidan Cans).

2. yoveli adgilobrivi saeklesio
wesi saqarTveloSive `ganegeba~.
3. saqarTvelos eklesiaSi `TviT
ciqulisa~, romelSic aRwerili iyo mociqulTa saqarTveloSi qadageba, maSasadame, es iyo saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis samarTlebrivi safuZveli XI
daisumen kaTalikosTa da episkoposTa~.

e.i. qarTul eklesias aqvs sruli
damoukidebloba, magram antioqielTa
TvalsazrisiT, saeklesio samarTali am
s-Si, amiT gamZlavrebulma giorgi mTawmidelma pasuxad moaxsena krebas da patriarqs `wmidao meufeo, Sen ityvi viTarmed Tavisa mis mociqulTa Ysa petres
faqtis arsebobiT darRveulia _ àra

samarTal ars ese~ ratom? imitom, rom
àTormetTa mociqulTagan aravin misrul ars qveyanasa maTsa~. maSasadame,
qarTuli eklesiis avtokefalia mxolod
saydarsa vzio, xolo Cven pirvelwodebulisa da Zmisa Tvisisa mwodebelisa

nawilni varT da samwysoni da mis mier
moqceulni da ganaTlebulni. da erTi
wmidaTa aTormetTa mociqulTagani, si-
im SemTxvevaSi CaiTvleboda samarTlebrivad, mociquls rom daearsebina es eklesia (esaa antioqielTa da, saerTod,
mons vityvi kananelsa, qveyanasa Cvensa

damarxul ars afxazeTs, romelsa nikofsi ewodebis. amaT wmidaTa mociqul-
VI-XI ss-is saeklesio Tvalsazrisi).

aqedan Cans, Tu ra cvlilebebi ganicada saeklesio praqtikam avtokefaliis Teoriis Sesaxeb IV s-dan XI s-mde,
Ta ganaTlebulni varT da vina YTgan erTi

RmerTi gvicnobies arRara uar-gviyofies
da arca odes wvalebisa mimarT midrekil
ars naTesavi Cveni. da yovelTa uaris
kerZod, Tuki IV s-Si TviT umciresi
myofelTa da mwvalebelTa SevaCvenebT
g io rgi mcir e, cx ov reb a gio rg i mTawmide lis a, Z vel i qar Tuli ag iog rafiuli lite rat ur is
Zegl ebi, 1967, wigni II, gv. 153.
326
104
da vswyvetT. amas safuZvelsa zeda mar-
sis eklesia Tavis Tavs avtokefalurad
Tlmadideblobisasa da mcnebaTa da qadagebaTa zeda wmidaTa maT mociqulTasa

mtkice varT~. 327
imJamindeli saeklesio samarTlis
mixedviT, Tuki mociqulis mier iyo
miiCnevs ara III msoflio krebis droidan,

aramed mociqulTa droidan. saeklesio
samarTlis mkvlevari k. skurati wers:
(J gbhf zcm yf cdjt fg jcnj kmcr jt
ghjbc[j;ltybt Rbghcrfz Wthrjdm c lht-
dafuZnebuli romelime eklesia, mis meTaurebs ufleba hqondaT ar damorCilebodnen ucxo sapatriarqoebs, da TviTve
ganegoT yovelive saeklesio wesi, daes-
dyb[ gjh ghbpyfdfkf ct,z fdnjrta fkmyjq). 329 am mizeziT mociqulebrivi warmoSobis sxva eklesiebic TavianT Tavs,
amJamadac, uZvelesi droidanve avtoke-
vaT TavianTi eklesiis meTaurebi da

ekurTxebinaT episkoposebi sxva sapatriarqoTa Caurevlad. rogorc aRiniSna,
amitomac uTxra kidec petre III-m giorgi mTawmidels - `jer ars romel eklesiani da mRvdelT-mTavarni Tqvenni xelsa qveSe samociqulo Ysa amis saydrisa
imwyemsebodin... viTarmed Tvinier samociqulo Y sa kanonisa TviT imwysian da
mociqulTagani aravin mosrul ars qveyanasa maTsa~. 328
rogorc vxedavT, antioqiis sapatriarqoSi aravis uxsenebia, rom avtoke-
falurad miiCneven.
Zvelad avtokefaliis miniWeba SeeZlo imperatorsac, rogorc magaliTad,
balsamonis da blastaris cnobiT, iustinianem mianiWa bulgareTs, anda msoflio krebis gadawyvetilebas, rogorc
III msoflio krebam mianiWa avtokefalia
kvipross. magram, rogorc ganxiluli
gvqonda, avtokefalia kvipross III msoflio krebamde hqonda, am krebam mxolod
daicva misi avtokefalia. aseve unda
vifiqroT, rom balsamonis mier naxsenebma
antioqiis patriarqma petrem qarTul ek-
faliis safuZveli SeiZleboda yofiliyo romelime zemdgomi, e.w. `dedaeklesiis~ mier Tavisi nawilisaTvis avtokefaliis miniWeba. aseTi gageba avtokefaliisa, imJamad, arc ki arsebobda
(Cvens droSi, XX s-Si ki, rogorc cnobilia, swored zemoaRniSnuli wesi mi-
lesias avtokefalia ki ar mianiWa, aramed

darwmunda qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis samarTlebriv uflebebSi, radganac
giorgi mTawmidelis mtkicebani irwmuna
da mociqulTa mier daarsebulad, anu
`samociqulo eklesiad~ aRiara qarTuli eklesia. antioqiis patriarq petre
iCneva umTavres safuZvlad eklesiaTa

avtokefalurobisa, magaliTad, ruseTis
eklesias avtokefalia dedaeklesiam konstantinopolma mianiWa da aseve sxva
e.w. axal marTlmadideblur eklesiebs
(serbeTis, rumineTis, bulgareTis, poloneTis, CexeTisa da sxv.).
CvenTvis gansakuTrebiTaa mniSvnelovani is, rom amJamadac ki e.i. XX s-is
bolosa da XXI s-is dasawyisSi kvipro-
fulons (mkawvrals) V s-Si rom mieniWebina avtokefalia qarTuli eklesiisaTvis, antioqiisave patriarq petre III-s
da mis mrCevlebs ecodinebodaT amis
Sesaxeb, amitomac giorgi mTawmidels
ganucxadebda ara imas, rom mociqulTagans aravis uqadagia Tqvens qveyanaSio,
ara med etyo da _ petr e fu lona mde
saqarTvelos eklesia nawili iyo antioqiis sapatriarqosi, Zveleburi wesi ki
327
iqve, gv. 153;
328
iqve, gv. 154;
329
. , , . 1994, . 10.
unda aRvadginoT da iseve unda dagvemorCiloT, rogorc winaT gvemorCilebodiTo. petre III da misi momdevno patriarqi Teodosi arafers msgavss ar acxadebdnen. Tavis mxriv, arc giorgi mTawmidelma gaixsena, rom evstaTi antioqielma akurTxa pirveli episkoposi da
amiT TiTqosda antioqiis iurisdiqciaSi
IV s-danve moeqca qarTuli eklesia, arc
is gauxsenebia, rom TiTqosda V s-Si
petre fulonma mianiWa avtokefalia
qarTul eklesias. mravali misioneri moRvaweobda III-IV ss-Si da afuZnebdnen
axal da axal ekl esiebs warmarTTa
Soris, magram es iuridiul daqvemdebarebas ar iwvevda, radganac II-IV ssSi yvela provinciis, anu samTavros eklesia avtokefaluri iyo, vis mierac ar
unda yofiliyo igi dafuZnebuli. es icoda
giorgi mTawmidelma da arc CaTvala
saWirod xseneba am movlenebisa. misi
Tvalsazrisi qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis safuZveli sul sxva iyo kerZod, qarTuli eklesia dafuZnebulia
mociqulTa mier, maSasadame, igi avtokefaluria mociqulTa droidanve. misi avtokefaliis es ufleba SeubRalavia, imdenad, rom TviTonve SeuZlia antioqiis
sapatriarqos msgavsad, sxva eklesias
ganucxados pretenziebi. Tuki andria mociqulma miiyvana Tavisi Zma petre ieso
qristesTan, e.w. Tavis Zmas mouwoda
amisken, aqedan gamomdinare, `Svenis esreT, raTa wodebuli igi mwodebelsa mas
daemorCilos, rameTu petresi (e.i. antioqiis saydris damfuZnebeli mociquli ) je r a rs, raT a da emo rCil os
mwo debe ls T avis a da Zma sa a ndri as
(qarTuli eklesiis damfuZnebels) da
ra YTa Tqven Cven dagvemorCilneT. 330
105
aqedan Cans, rom: 1. giorgi mTawmidels saqarTvelosa da antioqiis eklesiebi Tanabari uflebebis mqone TavisTavad eklesiebad miaCnia; 2. igi ar cnobs
antioqiis saydrisadmi qarTuli eklesiis daqvemdebarebas arc erT droSi, arc
wina saukuneebSi da arc mis dros.
rogorc aRiniSna, giorgi mTawmidelis
TvalsazrisiT, saqarTvelos eklesia avtokefaluri iyo mociqulTa droidanve,
e.i. I-II ss-dan (ixile amis Sesaxeb sagangebo gamokvleva: `Teoriebi qarTuli
eklesiis avtokefaliis Sesaxeb~). 331
giorgi mTawmidelis TvalsazrisiT,
saqarTvelos eklesia avtokefaluri, marTlmadidebluri da TavisTavadi iyo momdevno saukuneebSic, magaliTad, VIII
s-Si. _ igi ambobs ìyo Jami, romel
yovelsa saberZneTsa Sina marTlmadidebloba Y ara ipoeboda da iovane guTel
episkoposi mcxeTas ikurTxa episkoposad,
viTarca sweria didsa svinaqsarsa~.
rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, IV s-Si antioqiel patriarqs evstaTis marTlac
rom ekurTxebina qarTveli episkoposi,
es ar gamoiwvevda qarTlis eklesiis
daqvemdebarebas antioqiisadmi, iseve,
rogorc ioane guTelis mcxeTaSi kurTxevis Semdeg guTeTis eklesia ar Sevida
qarTlis eklesiis iurisdiqciaSi. Tumca, isic unda iTqvas, rom Tuki IV s-Si
imperiis provinciaTa umravlesoba avtokefaluri iyo, VI s-is Semdeg maTi
ricxvi mkveTrad Semcirda didi eklesiebis
sasargeblod, ase rom, VIII s-Si SeeZlo kidec zemoaRniSnuli kurTxevis gamo
qarTul eklesias pretenziebi ganecxadebina guTeTis eklesiis mimarT.
giorgi mcire, cxovreba giorgi mTawmidelisa, Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi,
1967, wigni II, gv. 154; 331 saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria, t. I, 1996, gv. 315-325;
330
106
Cven unda davubrundeT balsamonis
avtokefaliis uflebas - `yvela eris
zemoaRniSnul cnobas qarTuli eklesiis Sesaxeb, romelic erTvis II msoflio

krebis me-2 kanonis komentars, balsamons,

ek les iaT a avt oke fal iis s afu Zvl ad
swored es kanoni miaCnda da miiCnevda,
rom qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliac am
kanonTan aris SesabamisobaSi. es kanoni
zedmeti ar unda gaakeTon mis gareSe,

aramed yoveli maTgani mxolod imas unda
akeTebdes, rac sasargebloa misi eklesiisaTvis da misTvis daqvemdebarebuli soflebisaTvis. magram nurc pirveli episko-
(II msoflio krebis me-2 kanoni) sagangebod Seexo romis imperiis sazRvrebs
posi nu gaakeTebs nurafers sxvebTan

SeTanxmebis gareSe, vinaidan, mxolod ase
gareT `warmarTTa Soris arsebul ucxo

tomTa eklesiebs~ da scno maTi sruli
TavisTavadoba _ avtokefalia. qarTuli
SeiZleba aResrulos erTneboba da ididos RmerTi uflis mier suliwmidiT~. 333

ai, am kanoniT imarTeboda saqarTve-
eklesia berZnebisa da romaelebisaTvis
los eklesia, vidre XIX s-mde, es kano-
_ `warmarTTa Soris arsebuli ucxo

tomis eklesia~ iyo. aRniSnuli kanoni
moiTxovda ara mis daqvemdebarebas imperiis romelime eklesiisadmi, aramed
ni iyo misi TavisTavadobis safuZveli,

msoflio krebebi ki ar arRvevdnen am
kanons, aramed amtkicebdnen mas, rogorc
igi ganamtkica nikeis krebam Tavis me-4,
aZlevda TviTmwysobis Semdeg kanons:

`xolo warmarTTa Soris arsebuli ucxo
tomTa eklesiebi unda ganagon mamaTa
mier dawesebuli Zveli kanonebis mixed-
II msoflio krebam me-2, III msoflio

krebam me-8 kanonebiT.
am kanonis ZaliT, yvela xalxis eklesias Zvelad ufleba hqonda avtoke-
viT~ (II ms. kreba, me-2 kanoni). 332

maSasadame, am kanonis ZaliT, II msoflio krebis xanaSi IV s-is 80-iani wlebisaTvis saqarTvelos eklesia imarTebo-
faliisa, da iyvnen kidec I-III ss-Si

gaqristianebuli eTnosebis eklesiebi avtokefalurni, rogorc romis imperiaSi,
ise mis farglebs gareT. SemdgomSi IV
da iseve, rogorc imperiis avtokefalur

provinciaTa eklesiebi, kerZod, `TiToeul
s am Ta vr os ( ep ar qi a s) g an ag eb s am av e
samTavros kreba nikeaSi gansazRvruli
kanonis Tanaxmad~ (II ms. kreba, me-2
s-is dasawyisSi romis imperiaSi am eTnosebis gansaxlebis sazRvrebs Tan daamTxvies provinciaTa sazRvrebi, amitomac provinciaTa eklesiebic avtokefalurni iyvnen
(igulisxmeba IV s-is dasawyisi), imperi-
kan.), xolo imperiis sazRvrebs gareT

myof eklesiebs ufro meti avtokefaliis ufleba aqvT, amis Sesaxeb Cven ze-
is sazRvrebs gareT ki eklesiaTa avtokefalia `mamaTa mier dawesebuli Zveli

kanonebiT~ ganisazRvreboda.
moT visaubreT, mamaTa mier dawesebul

Zvel kanonTa Soris igulisxmeboda mociqulTa kanonebis 34-e muxli, romelic yvela eTnosis (naTesavis, eris, impe-
rogorc cnobilia, V s-is avtors

gelasi kvizikels aqvs cnoba imis Sesaxeb,
r om pi r ve l i q ar T ve l i e pi s ko p os i
akurTxa konstantinopolis patriarqma.
riaSi `provinciis~) eklesias aniWebs
am cnobasTan dakavSirebiT Tavis mo-
saq . ekl. kalen dari, 1987, gv. 211;

1987 , gv. 166.
332
333
wmida mociqulTa k anonebi, kan. 34, saq. ekl. kalendari,
107
sazrebebi aqvs m. TarxniSvils da sxva
konstantinopolelis mier iberiaSi gan-
avtorebs. rogorc cnobilia, IV msoflio krebis dadgenilebiT gauqmebuli iqna
manaTlebelTa gagzavnis Sesaxeb mas unda

ekuTvnodes. Cveni azriT, V s-Si, imis
pontos, asiisa da Trakiis provinciaTa

eklesiebis damoukidebloba da isini
moeqcnen konstantinopolis eklesiis
mere, rac konstantinopolelma 451 wels

oficialurad SeierTa pontos, asiis da
Trakiis iqamde avtokefaluri eklesie-
iurisdiqciaSi. am momentma antioqia

Zalze gaaRiziana, radganac, rogorc
bi, warmoiSva idea, rom pontos iqiTa

qveynebic, anu iberiis eklesiac konstan-
aRiniSna, igi pontosa da asiis eklesiebze Tavis pretenzias acxadebda. saerTod, rogorc romis, ise antioqiisa da
aleqsandriis eklesiebisaTvis konstantinopolis eklesiis uswrafesi aRzeve-
tinopols damorCileboda, amitomac cnoba

aleqsandre konstantinopolelis (314337) Sesaxeb unda mivakuTvnoT V s-is,
swored gelasi kvizikelis xanas, anu V
s-is 70-80-ian wlebs. am wlebSi qarTulma
ba Tavdapirvelad miuRebeli iyo. 334 aman

asaxva pova aRmosavleTis eklesiaTa sa-
eklesiam marTlac gamoamJRavna survili,

hqonoda mkveTrad gamoxatuli proberZnu-
marTlebriv literaturaSi, magaliTad,

somexi saeklesio avtorebi V-X ss-sa,
am moments gansakuTrebiT aRniSnavdnen.
maTi azriT, konstantinopolis eklesia
ar iyo daarsebuli mociqulis mier, mas
ar gaaCnda saeklesio warsuli. maSasadame, TviTon mas esaWiroeboda ucxo
eklesiaTa dasturi Tavisi saeklesio
uflebamosilebaTa gansaxorcieleblad.
Tavis mxriv, konstantinopoleli avtorebi yovelmxriv cdilobdnen warmoeCinaT
am axali eklesiis avtoriteti da ufle-
li, anu am SemTxvevaSi, prokonstantinopoluri orientacia da axali ierarqiac ki miiRo misgan kaTalikos petres
meTaurobiT. am movlenam albaT asaxva
pova gelasi kvizikelis wyaroSi. m. TarxniSvilis azriT, `dabejiTebiT ver vityviT istoriul safuZvels eyrdnoba es
cnoba, Tu masSi mxolod is faqtia asaxuli, rom am dros episkoposis Tanamdeboba bizantiaSi aleqsandres (314-337)
ekava. yovel SemTxvevaSi, konstantinopolis eklesiis Semdgomi monawileoba
b am os i le ba . a mi T u nd a yo f il iy o
gamowveuli gelasi kvizikelis cnoba
imis Sesaxeb, rom TiTqosda pirveli
ga nm an aT le bl eb i sa qa rT ve lo Si ( ig ulisxmeba wm. ninosa da wm. mirianis
dros) gamogzavna aleqsandre konstantinopolelma episkoposma. 335
miRebulia, rom gelasi kvizikelis
(475 wlis axlo xanebSi) saeklesio istoriaSi SemorCenilia fragmentebi ufro
qarTuli eklesiis kanonikuri saxis

CamoyalibebaSi dokumentebiT damtkicebuli ar aris~. 336
a s e r o m, k o ns t a n ti n o po l i s ad m i
qarTuli eklesiis kanonikuri damokidebuleba dokumentebiT ar mtkicdeba. rac
Seexeba antioqias, igi Tavis daqvemdebarebis qveS gulisxmobda ara kavkasiur
qveynebs, aramed imperiaSi Semaval aRmosavlur provinciebs, imperiis mTel
Zveli avtoris gelasi kesarielis (367395) naSromidan da cnoba aleqsandre
aRmosavleT nawils SuamdinareTis CaTvliT. aseTi Sexeduleba, romelsac qve-
R fh nfitd^ D ctktycr bt C j, jh s^ 1 96 3 ^ c& 4 12 -4 22 $ 3 35 m. T ar x n iSv ili, saq arT v e lo s ek l e siis

avto kefaliis warmoqmna da gan viTareb a, wer ilebi, 1994, gv. 133; 336 m. TarxniSvili, saqarTv elos
ekle siis avtokefaliis warmoqmn a da g anviTareba, werileb i, 1994 , gv. 134.
33 4
108
moT ufro farTod ganvixilavT, IV s-is
romma dakarga mesopotamia, cxadia, amis
dasawyisSi, romis imperiis àxal adminis tr ac iu l da yo fas ~ Se es ab am eb od a.
gamo antioqiis pretenziebi sruliad

sparseTis sakaTalikosoze usafuZvlo
rogorc iTqva, qalaq konstantinopolis

daarsebamde, romis imperatoris nacvali ijda qalaq antioqiaSi da mas ufleba hqonda ganego `mTeli aRmosavleTis~
saqmeebi, cxadia, romis imperiis sazRvre-
iyo, amitomac sparseTis eklesia CamoSorda antioqias da gamoacxada damoukidebloba. kidev erTxel unda vTqvaT, rom
antioqias kanonikurad eqvemdebareboda
mesopotamiis sparsuli eklesia romis
bis SigniT. imJamindeli saeklesio cxovrebis Sesabamisad, antioqiis episko-
imperiis sazRvrebis SigniT da ara sruliad sparseTis eklesia. amitomac iyo ar-
possac mieca ufleba Tavisi iurisdiqcia ganexorcielebina `mTel aRmosavleTze~, oRond, cxadia, romis imperiis
akanonieri antioqiis pretenziebi mis

mimarT. antioqias saerTod hqonda miziduloba daemorCilebina mezobeli ek-
s a z R v r e bs
romis imperiis
lesiebi, magaliTad, kviprosisa, romlis
sazRvrebSi ki IV s-is dasawyisisaTvis

Sedioda SuamdinareTi, romelsac sparseTis qveynis nawilad miiCnevdnen imJamad,
agreTve pontos da asiis provinciebi,
avtokefaliac daicva III msoflio krebam me-8 kanoniT.

rogorc cnobilia, romis imperiaSi
100-ze meti avtokefaluri eklesiis nacv-
aseve arabeTi da siria. ai, am teritorie bze a rsebu l ekle siebz e da ara
kavkasiis eklesiebze SeeZlo antioqias
Tavisi kanonikuri uflebamosilebis Sesax-
lad, provinciaTa eklesiebis avtokefaliis gaqrobis kvaldakval TandaTanobiT

bizantiaSi V-VI ss-Si mitropoliaTa
urTierTSerwymis gziT Camoyalibda sul
eb ganecxadebina pretenziebi. es iyo

`mTeli aRmosavleTi~ da ara romis imperiis sazRvrebis gareT myofi qveynebi
(iseve rogorc provincia àsia~ anu
6 avtokefaluri eklesia (xuTi sapatriarqo da kviprosis eklesia). xuTi

sapatriarqos Camoyalibebis kvaldakval,
VII-IX ss-saTvis bizantiaSi Camoyalib-
àzia~ ar moicavda mTel azias Tanamedrove gagebiT). romis imperiis gaqrob is d a m i si s a zR vr e bi s d am c ro bi s

Semdgomac antioqiis pretenziebi ar Semcirebula, piriqiT, Seecada àRmosav-
da pentarqiis Teoria, romlis mixedviTac mTel msoflioze eklesiuri iurisdiqciis ganxorcielebis ufleba TiTqosda
hqonda am xuT sapatriarqos (e.i. romis,
konstantinopolis, aleqsandriis, anti-
leTis~ qveS axla mTeli qveynierebis

aRmosavleTi warmoedgina.
Tavdapirveli sparsuli qristianu-
oqiisa da ierusalimis eklesiebs). am

Teoriis momxre Teologebi Txzavdnen
Teoriebs, Tu msoflios romeli qveynis
li eklesia Camoyalibda mesopotamiaSi

(SuamdinareTSi), romelic Sedioda romis imperiis sazRvrebSi IV s-is dasawyisSi, aqedan gamomdinare, antioqias mar-
eklesia romel sapatriarqos unda daqvemdebarebod a. antioqieli Te ologebis

azriT, saqarTvelo unda Sesuliyo antioqiis sapatriarqos iurisdiqciaSi. es
Tlac hqonda ufleba mesopotamiis sparsul eklesiaze. SemdgomSi Camoyalibda

erTiani sparsuli eklesia, amasTanave,
mosazreba dawyebuli VII s-dan, grZeldeboda vidre giorgi mTawmidelamde (XI s.).
ase Tu ise, igi miRebuli iyo antioqiis
SigniT.
109
sapatriarqo karze da am ideebs avrcelebda maTi mwerlobac.

antioqiis patriarqs ioane antioqiels
(+648 ) miuweria sparseTis eklesiis
Sesaxeb did mitropolit maruTa tagritelisTvis (+649), rom: `winaT sparse-
mdgomareoba arc erTi imdroindeli wyaroTi ar dasturdeba~. 338

pentarqiis Teoriam gansakuTrebuli
aRmavloba ganicada IX s-dan, amis Sedegad ukve monofizitur ant ioqiaSi,
romelic arabebis mier iyo dapyrobili,
Tis kaTalikosis saydari da somxeTis,

gurzanisa da aranis kaTalikosis saydari eqvemdebareboda antioqias kaTalikosis baba Ys sikvdilamde~ (+484). 337
am werilSi VII s-is antioqieli pa-
aqa-iq SemorCenili marTlmadidebeli, anu

rogorc maT uwodebdnen melqiti (e.i.
mefis, konstantinopolis imperatoris
momxre), antioqieli berebi aviTarebdnen Sesabamis Teoriebs, erTi aseTi iyo
triarqi aRiarebs, rom mis dros (e.i.

VII s-Si) gurznis, anu saqarTvelos eklesia antioqias ar eqvemdebareba, Tumca ki masze pretenzias acxadebs. ufro
metic, misi cnobiT, qarTuli eklesia
ar eqvemdebareboda antioqias ukve kaTalikos baba Ys sikvdilis Semdeg, e.i. V
s-is 80-iani wlebidan. im dromde Tu
eqvemdebareboda? àm cnobidan ar Cans,
gamoiyeneboda Tu ara es samarTali si-
beri nikoni, romelmac XI s-Si wamoayena mosazreba, rom àntioqiis patriarqma ev st aTi m ( 325 -3 31) ko nst an tin es
davalebiT moZebna qarTvelebi maTsave
qveyanaSi, monaTla isini da dauniSna
kaTalikosi, romelic antioqiis patriarqs dauqvemdebara~. 33 9
nikonis es cnoba, rogorc cnobilia,
Targmnil iqna XI s-Si qarTulad da igi
yvela saeklesio fenam aRiara. me, pi-
namdvileSi. Tu adgilobrivi eklesiebis

istorias gadavxedavT, davrwmundebiT,
rom igi sinamdvileSi ar arsebobda.
somxeTis eklesia daarsebis pirveli
dReebidanve kesariis mitropolits eqvemdebareboda, IV s-is bolos ki mTlian ad ga nT avi su fld a mis ga n, ra Ta
damoukideblad ganviTarebuliyo. sparsuli eklesiac mxolod iwodeboda antioqiaze damokidebulad, 423-424 wlebi s a xl o x a n e b S i m a n a b s o lu t u r i
damoukidebloba moipova da gaauqma antioqiis taxtze damokidebulebis kanoni. raki es ori eklesia iuridiulad
gaTavisuflda antioqiis mitropolitisagan, unda vifiqroT, rom saqarTveloc aRar iyo masze damokidebuli, radgan iberiis eklesiis aseTi samarTlebrivi
radad, es cnoba SedarebiT sandod mimaCnia, radgan evstati antioqielis moRvaweobis dros (325-331), jer kidev ar
arsebobda konstantinopoli, viTarca
dedaqalaqi, romis imperiis aRmosavleTis politikuri dedaqalaqi iyo antioqia. mis rogorc saero, ise sasuliero
xelisuflebas evaleboda imperiis aRmosavleTSi yovelgvar saqmeTa mogvareba. amitomac unda vifiqroT, rom mefe
mirianisagan imperatorTan gagzavnili
delegatebi konstantines eaxlnen q.
romSi, man ki evstaTi antioqiels, viTarca aRmosavleTSi mjdom ierarqs, daavala qarTuli eklesiis saqmeTa mogvareba. magram es ar niSnavs ierarqiul damorCilebas axalSeqmnili eklesiisa, radganac IV s-is pirveli naxevari aseT daqvem-
m. TarxniSvili, saqarT velos e klesiis avtok efaliis warmo qmna da ganviTareba, weril ebi, 1994,
gv. 134; 338 iqve , gv. 135; 339 m. TarxniSvili, s aqarTve los ekl esiis avtokef aliis warmoqmn a da
ganv iTareba, werile bi, 199 4, gv. 134.
337
110
debare bas ar iTva liswinebda.
cnoba
saqarTveloSi vidre e.w. skanda-Sorap-
daqvemdebarebis Sesaxeb pentarqiis momxreTa Seqmnili, anda SeTxzuli unda
nis sazRvramde Tavisi iurisdiqcia ganaxorciela konstantinopolis sapatri-
iyos mogvianebiT.
XI s-Si melqit nikon SavmTels da
arqom. aq Camoyalibda berZnulenovani

saepiskoposoebi lazikis eparqiaSi Se-
Cvens did saeklesio moRvawes efrem

mcires ekuTvniT cnoba, romelic maT
mavalni fazisis mitropolitis meTaurobiT. maT Soris rodopolosis, ziganas,
Zveli qronikebidan moupovebiaT, rom

imperator konstantine kopronimes dros
(741-775) ori qarTveli beri mivida pa-
petras, saisinis saepiskoposoebi. male,

gansakuTrebiT ki VIII s-Si politikuri
viTareba Seicvala. dasavleT saqarTve-
triarq Teofilaqte antioqielTan (daaxloebiT 744-751) ìsini Ciodnen, rom
loSi xelisuflebis marTvis ufleba moipova afxazeTidan gamosulma dinastiam,
qarTvelebs aRar hyavT kaTalikosi, `rameTu dRiTgan netarisa anastasi mRvdel-
kerZod ki leon I-ma, romelmac es ufleba

moipova qarTlis mefeTagan mefe miris
mowamisa, antioqiel patriarqisa, ara

kurTxeul ars maTda kaTalikosi-mTa-
memkvidre asulis guranduxtis SerTvis

gziT. dasavleT saqarTvelo ibrZoda bi-
varepiskoposi siZnelisaTvis gzisa, rame-
zantielebisagan damoukideblobis mosa-
Tu agarianTagan veravin ikadrebs sv-
poveblad. am mxriv konstantinopolis
lad~. 340 am gancxadebis safuZvelze antoqiis patriarqs Teofilaqtes gaucia
moucleloba sasargeblo aRmoCnda qveynis eklesiuri da politikuri damoukide-
sinodis sigeli, romlis mixedviTac momavalSi kaTalikosis kurTxeva qarTvel
blobis mopovebisaTvis. kerZod, am miwawylidan e.i. `qvemo iberiidan~ Cavida
episkoposebs miendoboda. amisaTvis ki
antioqiaSi saeklesio delegacia, swored
evalebodaT JamiswirvaSi antioqiis patriarqis moxsenieba da yovelwliurad
maT miiRes `sinodis sigeli~, romliTac

antioqiis patriarqma Teofilaqtem qvemo
1000 drahkanis gadaxda. patriarqi itovebda uflebas SemdgomSi mwvaleblobis
iberiis, anu afxazeTis kaTalikosis

kurTxevis ufleba qarTvel episkoposebs
an ganxeTqilebis SemTxvevaSi saqarTveloSi egzarqosi gaegzavnaT~. 341
miando. Semdegi drois antioqieli patriarqebi dosiTeosi, xrisanfi da sx-
rogorc v. goilaZem gaarkvia VIII s-
vebi weren imis Sesaxeb, rom `qvemo iberi-
is 40-50-ian wlebSi antioqiis sapatri-
is~ arqiepiskoposma (ase uwodebdnen isini
arqo karze Cavidnen ara `zemo iberiis~,

aramed `qvemo iberiis~, anu dasavleT
saqarTvelos zRvispira eklesiis warmo-
afxazeTis kaTalikoss) damoukidebloba

moipova lev isavrosis epoqaSi, e.i. 720ian wlebSi, rogorc Cans, am wlebSi
madgenlebi. rogorc cnobilia, VII s-is

20-iani wlebs Semdeg herakle keisris
gaerTianda dasavleT saqarTvelos eklesia, gaTavisuflda antioqiis aRniS-
aneqsiis Sedegad dasavleT saqarTvelos
nuli sinodis sigeliT, anu samarTlebriv-
zRvispireTi uSualod Sevida bizantiis
kanonikuri gziT da ara saeklesio ur-
imperiis SemadgenlobaSi da dasavleT
CobiT, rasac didi mniSvneloba aqvs.
340
iqve , gv. 14 3;
341
iqv e, gv. 144.
111
saerTod, xatmebrZoluri xana xasi-
eklesiam moipova efrem mawyvereli (IX
aTdeboda samarTlebriv uflebaTa gadaadgilebiT. magaliTad, Tuki iqamde gu-
s.) episkoposis wyalobiT ierusalimis

sapatriarqos mier . m. TarxniSvilis
TeTis eklesia Sedioda konstantinopolis iurisdiqciaSi, ioane guTelis dros,

VIII s-Si, konstantinopolSi xatmebrZoluri eresis gamo, guTeTis eklesiam gadawyvita gamosuliyo dedaeklesi-
TqmiT, ès
salimelis
qa rTv eli
romelTac
qarTu li
idan da daqvemdebareboda ierusalims.

rogorc cnobilia, ioane guTeli sami
qalaqSi mividnen da antioqiis patriarqTan SeTanxmebiT aqauri sinodisagan
weli eloda ierusalimSi episkoposad

kurTxevas, magram Semdeg am sapatriarqoSi gadauwyvetiaT guTeTis mezobel
TavianTi eklesiisaTvis es ufleba moipoves~. 342 mironis kurTxeva Zvel eklesiaSi episkoposebis privilegia iyo, es
m ar Tl m ad i de be l i be r ii s e kl e si aS i
ufleba kidev ufro ganamtkica karTage-
ekurTxebinaT ioane guTeli episkoposad.

amgvaradve, dasavleT saqarTvelomac,
roca gadawyvita gamosuliyo konstantinopolis iurisdiqciidan, mimarTa isev
nis krebebma IV s-Si. Cven garkveuli

gvaqvs, rom VI-VII ss-Si somxeTisa da
albaneTis eklesiebi mirons TviTonve
akurTxevdnen, amitomac samarTlebrivad
bizantiur eklesias antioqiis sapatriarqos, romlisaganac VIII s-Si miiRo Sesabamisi kanonikuri dasturi. ase,
rom efrem mciresa da nikon SavmTelis
maTi Tanatoli da Tanafardi qarTuli

eklesiac, cxadia, mirons ZvelTaganve
akurTxevda. miT umetes, rom IV s-danve
uflis kvarTze amosuli sveticxovlis
cnobebi iberiis kaTalikosis adgilze

kurTxevis Sesaxeb Seexeba ara mcxeTis
eklesiis, aramed afxazeTis (qvemo iberiis) eklesias. cnobaTa aRreva gamoiwvia
Ziridan mironi gadmoedineboda, cxadia,

mcire odenobiT, romelsac albaT urevdnen xarSvisas wmida mirons.
zemoaRniSnuli cnoba mironis Sesax-
iman, rom rogorc mcxeTis, ise dasavleT saqarTvelos eklesiebs ìberTa eklesiebi~ ewodebodaT bizantiaSi. balsamonic Tavis cnobil cnobaSi iberiis
eklesiisaTvis avtokefaliis miniWebis
eb kvlav dasavleT saqarTvelos eklesias Seexeba saqme isaa, rom dasavleT

saqarTvelos berZnuli saepiskoposoebi,
cxa dia, m irons kons tantin opoli dan
iRebdnen, masTan xatmebrZoluri eresis
Sesaxeb, sinamdvileSi wers ara mxolobiT ricxvSi - ìberiis eklesia~, aramed

mravlobiTSi - ìberiis eklesiebi~, es
gamo kavSiris gawyvetis Semdeg isini

Seecadnen mironi sxva romelime bizantiuri sapatriarqodan mieRoT. qvemo
kargad Cans rusul TargmanSi.

amave konteqstSi Sedis wmida mironis kurTxevis sakiTxic. CvenSi miCneulia
giorgi merCules cnobaze dayrdnobiT,
iberiis, anu afxazeTis sakaTalikososadmi miniWebuli avtokefalia _ TavisTavadobis sanacvlod _ antioqia-ierusalimis erT-erTi piroba iyo wmida mironi
rom mironis kurTxevis ufleba qarTulma
maTgan SeesyidaT, romelSic 1000 drah-
m. T ar xn iSvil i,
199 4, g v. 145.
34 2
s aq ar Tv e lo s ek le siis
moxda patriarq sergi ieru(843-859) dros, roca ori

be ri, mi qa eli da ar sen i,
mcire aziaSi olimpis mTaze
monas teri daa arses, w mida
av to ke faliis warmoq mn a da ganv iT ar e ba,
we rile bi,
112
kani unda gadaexada qarTul mxares.
saerTod ra igulisxmeboda `qarTlis mo-
swored es sakiTxi unda moegvarebina

efrem mawyverelsa da sxva pirebs. ker-
qcevaSi~? imperatorma konstantinem mefe

mirianis TxovniT warmoagzavna `moswrafe-
Zod, maTi wyalobiT ierusalimsa da antioqiaSi miuRweviaT TanxmobisaTvis, rom

afxazeTis eklesiisaTvis saWiro mironi
TviT saqarTveloSive kurTxeuliyo. e.i.
qvemo iberiis sakaTalikosos mironi ukve
biT mRvdelni naTlisRebisaTvis~, 344 maT

Soris iyo episkoposi ioane. `mefem naTel iyo xelsa queSe wmidisa ninossa~,
aseve moinaTla dedofali da ufliswulebi. mdinare mtkvarze episkoposma naTe-
ara antioqia-ierusalimidan, aramed adgilzeve unda mieRo. es winadadeba, Cans,
li sca warCinebulebs, xolo mRvdlebma

mTel ers - swored es iyo `qarTlis
giorgi mTawmidelis cxovrebaSi Tavdapirvelad savaraudod aseTi saxiT ewera: `rameTu afxazeTisa kaTalikosTa
moqceva~. romel wels moxda es? wyaro

TviTve gvpasuxobs, kerZod, qarTlis
moqcevis Semdeg mefe mirianma ukanve
mironi ierusalimiT mohyvanda, xolo
gagzavna imperatorTan episkoposi ioane
efrem qristesmieriTa brZanebiTa mironis kurTxeva qarTls ganawesa ierusalimisa patriaqisa ganwesebiTa da wamebiTa sixaruliT, aramed qarTlad friadi
aseTi saTxovriT: ìTxova nawili Zelisa

cxovrebisa, romelic mas oden Jamsa
gamoeCina RvTis moyvare elene dedofalsa~. 345 episkopos ioanes pirveli Camos-
qveyana aRiricxebis, romelsaca Sina

qarTuliTa eniTa Jami Seiwirvis~, afxazeTic qarTlia, radganac wirva-locva
da yoveli saeklesio saqme aq qarTul
vlis dros `Zeli cxovrebisa~ ierusalimSi jer kidev ar iyo aRmoCenili, amitomac iyo, rom qarTvelTa gaqristianebis
surviliT uzomod gaxarebulma impera-
enaze aResruleba. maSasadame, gadawyda,

rom dasavleT saqarTvelos eklesias
mironi ekurTxebina adgilzeve e.i. mieRo mc xe-T ida n. es iyo gam Tli ane ba
torma da elene dedofalma Tavdapirvelad mirian mefes mxolod macxovris

xati da Cveulebrivi jvari gamougzavnes, 346 xolo meorejer Casul qarTlis
sulieri TvalsazrisiT qarTuli eklesiisa (ixile amis Sesaxeb sagangebo gamokvleva `mironis kurTxevis Sesaxeb~). 343
saqarTvelos eklesia ar warmoSobila erTbaSad, erTi sqemiT. rogorc aRin-
delegatebs, romelTa Soris episkoposTan

erTad qarTveli `warCinebulic~ iyo, imperatorma `sixaruliT mianiWa nawili
Zelisa cxovelisa da ficarni igi, romelTa z ed a fe rx ni d am sW va lu l iy ve s
iSna, aq qristianuli Temebi arsebobdnen qristianobis oficialur aRiarebamde ara mxolod dabal, aramed maRal
uflisani da samsWualni xelTani~.

rogorc cnobilia, elene dedofalma
ierusalimSi aRniSnuli siwmideni moi-
fenebSic, rasac arqeologiuri monacemebi da werilobiTi wyaroebic miuTiTebs,

magram es iyo mcirericxovani Temebi.
mkvlevarTa Soris davaa IV s-is dasawyis-
pova 326 wels, xolo rogorc aRiniSna,

`qarTlis moqceva~, anu mtkvarSi eris
naTloba ufro adre moxda. maSasadame,
unda daveTanxmoT vaxuStisa da sxva
Si `qarTlis moqcevis~ TariRis Sesaxeb.
mraval avtors, romelnic `qarTlis
saq arTvel os samociqulo ekles iis is toria, t. II, gv. 7 0;

iqve , gv. 117; 346 iqv e, gv. 116.
343
344
qar Tlis c xovreb a, I, gv. 111;
345
moqcevis~ TariRebad 317-318 wlebs miiCneven. amasTan dakavSirebiT, aRsaniSnavia is momentic, rom msoflio qristianobis udidesi siwmideebi `ferxTa ficari~ da samsWvalni uflisa ubralo
qalaqebSi _ eruSeTsa da manglisSi datoves da ara dedaqalaqSi qristiani
mefis mfarvelobis qveS. ismis kiTxva,
mounaTlavi, araqristianuli qalaqebis
warmarT mosaxleebs rogor andes aseTi
siwmide, warmarTebi xom sastikad epyrobodnen qristianul siwmideebs? rogorc
Txzuleba `cxra Zma kolaelTa martviloba~ gviCvenebs, warmarTebma ar daindes TviT sakuTari gaqristianebuli
Svilebi da qvebiT Caqoles, xolo eklesia daarbies. manglissa da eruSeTSi
datovebul aRniSnul siwmideebs ki mkvidri mosaxleoba gafacicebiT icavda, imdenad, rom V-VI ss-Si `manglisis jvari~
saerTo-kavkasiuri salocavic ki iyo. amis
gamo, Cven unda vifiqroT, rom ioane
episkoposis droisaTvis, e.i. IV s-is
dasawyisSi manglissa, eruSeTSi da albaT sxva daba-soflebSic, Cans, ukve arsebobda mZlavri qristianuli Temebi (e.i.
qa rT li s of ici al ur ad mo qc ev am de ),
romelTaTvisac SeiZleboda udidesi,
msoflio mniSvnelobis qristianuli siwmideebis mindoba, swored am Temebs
auSenes eklesiebi ioane episkoposis mier
Camoyvanilma kiriTxuroebma.
saqarTvelos eklesiis organizebis
Semdeg, IV s-is dasawyisSi, saeklesio
samarTlis wyaro iyo harmoniuli (simfoniuri) kavSiri eklesiisa saxelmwifosTan, romelic damyarda mirian mefis
saxelmwifo xelisuflebasa da qarTul
eklesias Soris. es kavSiri saukuneTa
113
manZilze samagaliTo iyo. m. TarxniSvilis TqmiT - `saqarTvelos mmarTvelebs

Tavisi Tavi RvTis mebrZolad da misi
saqmis aRmsruleblad miaCndaT~, 34 7 es
grZeldeboda saukuneTa manZilze. àmgvari damokidebulebis mimaniSnebelia warwerac fulze: mesiis maxvils uwodebdnen TavianT Tavs mefeebi demetre (11251156), giorgi III (1156-1184), laSa-giorgi (1213-1222), dedofali rusudani (12221245), Tamari Tavis Tavs ase uwodebda:
`mesiis Semwe~. miuxedavad amisa, saqarTvelos mefeebi ar gadadiodnen sazRvars
`romliTac gamijnulni iyvnen RvTis mier
dawesebuli saeklesio ierarqiisagan~. 348
`wmida ninos cxovreba~ cxadyofs,
rom qarTlis moqceva moxda qalaq konstantinopolis daarsebamde, e.i. 330
wlamde, es iqidan Cans, rom aRniSnul
`cx ovreba Si~ q. romi (e.i. imper iis
dedaqalaqi) dasaxelebulia ramdenjerme, magaliTad, am `cxovrebis~ Tanaxmad,
elene dedofali romSi zis, amitomac
mis winaSe `gaemgzavrnen wmida nino da
efeseli qali qalaq romSi~. 349 faravnis
tbasTan ufalma wm. ninos misca wigni
wasakiTxad, romelic `dawerili iyo
laTinurad~, 350 wm. ninos uwodeben ase:
`romaeli tyve~, 351 wm. ninos sarwmunoebas ki qarTveli warmarTebi ase uwodebdnen - `romaelTa Secdomili rjuli~. 352
gaqristianebuli mefe miriani ambobs:
` vi qn eb i mo rC il i ni no si r om ae lT a
rjulze, 353 Tumca amave dros romis imperias `saberZneTic~ ewodeba, mis mefes
ki `berZenTa mefe~, konstantinopolis
ar ars eb oba s m oqc ev is dro is aTv is
gulisxmobs isic, rom wm. ninos `wigni
miswera~ ara konstantinopolis episko-
m. TarxniSvili, 1994, gv. 369; 348 iqv e, 370 ; 349 saq arTvel os samociqul o ekle siis istoria, t.
1, 1996, g v. 147 ; 350 iqve , gv. 14 9; 351 iqv e, gv. 157 352 iqve , gv. 159; 353 saq arTvelos samociqulo
ekle siis istoria, t. 1, 1996, gv. 161;
347
114
posma , aramed romis p atriarqm a ìm
droSi SeuZlebeli iyo, xolo jer kidev
dReebSi mouvida wigni romis patriarqisagan wmida ninos, mefes da qarTlis
zomieri da upretenzio bosforispira

qalaqi (konstantinopoli) Zalian Sors
mTel ers~. 354 mTel TxzulebaSi mxolod

erTxel gvxvdeba sityva `konstantinopoli~ da unda vifiqroT, rom igi unda
iyo, qarTvelebi iZulebulni iyvnen, TavianTi umaRlesi mwyemsi mezobel qristian xalxebTan e.i. somxebTan da siri-
iyos CanarTi, radganac axlosaa sxva

meore CanarTTan, romelSic laparakia
elebTan eZebna, marTlac mcxeTis mesame

episkoposi iobi somexi mTavarepiskopo-
mTiulebis Sesaxeb: `xolo ukanasknel

Jams maTi nawili moaqcia abibos nekreselma episkoposma da zogierTi maTgani
darCnen warmarTobaSive dRemde~, 355 e.i.
wmida ninos `cxovrebis~ redaqtirebis
sis, nerse didis (daaxloebiT 362-373)

diakvani iyo. SeiZleba vifiqroT, rom
nersem TviTon akurTxa Tavisi diakvani
episkoposad~... 35 8
m. TarxniSvili cdeba, radganac Zvelma
Jams albaT VI-VII ss-Si CaurTes sityva `konstantinopoli~.
qarTulma saeklesio istoriografiam icoda, `Tu sad ekurTxa episkoposad~ iako-
m. TarxniSvilis sityviT, `saqarTvelos kavSiri antioqiasTan xangrZlivi arasdros yofila~. 356 m. TarxniSvilis azriT,
antioqiasTan kavSiri saqarTvelos eklesiam daamyara ara IV, aramed V s-is
bolos. `V s-is bolos damyarebuli kavSiri antioqiasTan ukve 610 wels Seirya
da VIII s-Si sruliad gawyda~. 356 am dros,
m. TarxniSvilis sityviT (e.i. V s-Si),
antioqia monofizituri yofila, amitomac misi azriT, V s-Si qarTuli eklesiac monofizituri iyo. es mosazreba
bi, iobi da sxvani IV-V ss-Si. Cveni

wyaroebi dabejiTebiT miuTiTebdnen, rom
isini ekurTxebodnen aqve, saqarTveloSive da isini ar ukurTxebiaT ucxoeTSi, anda ucxoel pirvel mRvdelmTavrebs.
magaliTad, qarTuli eklesiis meore
episkoposi iakobi mefe mirianis nebiT
dajda eklesiis meTaurad, mirians es
Tavad wm. ninom sTxova. 359
mis Semdeg qarTvelTa mefem episkoposad `dasva elia~, `mokvda episkoposi
iakob da dasva mis wil elia~, 360 elias
Cvens mier mTlianad uaryofilia. 357

m. TarxniSvili svams Zalze saintereso kiTxvas, romelzec pasuxis gacemiT, Cven movZebniT qarTuli eklesiis
samarTlis wyaros IV s-Si, kerZod `pirveli episkoposi, romelic bizantiidan movida, `moqceva Y qarTlisa Ys~ mixedviT iyo ioane, mis Semdeg mcxeTis episkoposis taxtze avida masTan erTad mosuli mRvdeli iakobi. CvenTvis ucnobia,
sikvdilis Semdeg aqve, saqarTveloSive,

axal episkoposad `dasves~ svimoni `mokvda elia episkoposi da dasves svimon~. 360 aseve saqarTveloSive mRvdeli
miqaeli `daadgines episkoposad~. - `moiyvana mRvdeli WeSmariti saberZneTiT, saxeliT miqael da daadgines igi episkoposad~ 3 6 1 da a.S. episk opose bs aq ve,
saqarTveloSive àdgendnen~ an `svamdnen~ Sesabamisi w reebi. iyo Tu ara
Tu sad ekurTxa igi episkoposad, radgan sakuTari ierarqiis Seqmna aseT mcire
saqarTveloSive IV s-Si ramdenime episkoposi? diax, iyo, ukve mirian mefis sikvdi-
iqve , gv. 169; 355 iqve , gv. 17 0; 356 m. TarxniSvili, we rilebi, gv. 14 5; 357 saq arTvelos samociqulo
ekle siis istoria, t. 1, gv. 385; 358 m. TarxniSvili, we rilebi, gv. 135; 359 saq arTvelos samociqulo
ekle sia, t . I, g v. 193; 360 qar Tlis c xovreb a, I, gv. 137; 361 iqv e, gv. 145.
354
115
lis droisaTvis (IV s-is 60-ian wleb-
li eklesiis orientaciaze. Tanaxmad m.
Si) saqarTveloSi iyo ramdenime episkoposi, sikvdilis Jams mirian mefem `dave-
TarxniSvilisa, amas unda gamoewvia CvenSi ori, prosparsuli da proberZnuli
dra episkoposTa~... 362 e.i. episkoposebs

sTxova. swored es episkoposebi irCevdnen
TavianT krebaze eklesiis meTaurs, xolo
mefe `svamda~ mas. ramdenime episkoposi
yofila mefe mirianis Semdegac, magal-
orientaciis ierarqiis warmoSoba. maT meTaur episkoposebs, Cans, gavleniani adgili eWiraT samefo karze vaxtang gorgaslis siWabukis dros (e.i. saeklesio
reformamde) erT-erTi darbazobis dros
iT ad , v axt an g g or gas al s, roc a is

sparseTidan dabrunda, miegebnen qarTveli
mefis gverdiT sagangebo taxtebze dasves

ori episkoposi. 364 isini ori saepisko-
episkoposebi - `warmovida vaxtang qarTlad da miegebnen... episkoposni~. 363 es

episkoposebi marTavdnen eklesias IV s-
poso frTis meTaurebi unda yofiliyvnen.365

m. Tarxni Svilis mier moZieb uli
wyaros Tanaxmad, 419 wels Catarebula
is kanonebis mixedviT.
`siriul-s parsuli~ saekles io kreba
aqedan Cans, rom IV s-Si eklesia

saqarTveloSi, iseve, rogorc romis imperiis provinciaTa eklesiebis umetesi
nawili, iyo TviTmarTvadi, anu rogorc
selevkiis qtesifonSi sparseTis kaTalikosis mar-iah-balahis dros, romelSic monawileobas Rebulobdnen èpiskoposebi gurzanidan~, e.i. saqarTvelodan.
balsamoni aseT eklesiebs uwodebs _

avtokefaluri. qarTuli wyaroebis swori
interpretireba mxolod amtkicebs balsamonis mosazrebas. amasve iTxovda msof-
es unda yofiliyo is prosparsuli ierarqia, romelic ukve, Cans, arsebobda

saqarTveloSi. `yvelaze metad TvalSi
sacemia krebis aqtebis ena. aqtebis mixed-
lio saeklesio kanonmdebloba, kerZod,

karTagenis krebis (419) 74-e muxlis
Tanaxmad, ùcxo episkoposi ar unda
dajdes ucxo eklesiis saydarze~ (karT.,
viT iah-balahi yvela iq Sekrebili episkoposis kaTalikosia, igi àRmosavleTis

episkoposebis meTaurad~ iwodeboda iezdigerdis mTel samefoSi~. 366 magram es
74-e kanoni), ratom unda darRveuliyo

es kanoni qarTuli eklesiis mimarT?
ma Sasa dame, aqed an gamomdi nar e,
qarTvelebs ara ucxoeli episkoposebi
ahyavdaT eklesiis meTaurad, aramed maT
unda yofiliyo mxolod erTi jgufi

qarTveli episkoposebisa. vaxtangis siWabukis dros, rogorc cnobilia, bizantiis imperiam miitaca klarjeTi da zRvispireTi, vidre cixe-gojamde. amis gamo
saqarTveloSive akurTxebdnen da Semdeg

aZlevdnen eklesiis meTauris pativs.
IV s-is 80-ian wlebSi Seicvala saer-
qarTli ori imperiis gavlenis arealSi

mdebareobda, rac aisaxeboda saeklesio
cxovrebaSi, mis ierarqiaSic. Tavis mxriv,
TaSoriso viTareba, saqarTveloSi gabatonda irani, iranSi ki, rogorc cnobilia, am droisaTvis arsebobda Zlieri
siriul-sparsuli qristianuli eklesia,
sakuTriv qarTlic orad yofila gayofili, kerZod, qvemo qarTlsa da kaxeT-hereTSi, SesaZloa teritoriuli siaxlovis gamo, iranuli orientaciis episko-
rasac Tavisi gavlena mouxdenia qarTu-
posebi Warbobdnen.
qar Tlis c xovreb a, I, gv. 129; 363 iqve , gv. 14 0; 364 iqv e, 140 ;
ekle siis istoria, I, g v. 195; 366 m. TarxniSvili, werileb i, gv. 136.
362
365
saq arTvelos
samociqulo
116
Cveni fiqriT, Tormetma episkoposma,
istoriasTan dakavSirebiT. igi wers _
romlebic vaxtangma bizantiidan Camoiyvana, Secvala qvemo qarTlisa da kaxeT-
`somex aznaurTa xelisufleba daeca

marzapanis mier, kaTalikosebma da episko-
hereTis prosparsuli orientaciis mqone

episkoposebi. vaxtangis saeklesio orientacia iyo mkveTrad bizantiuri, man
anderZic ki daibara amis dasacavad. amitomac misTvis prosparsuli ierarqia,
posebma miiRes ufleba win aRdgomodnen

aznaurTa xelisuflebas. samRvdeloebas
mieca ufleba mosaxleobisagan moekribaT xarki da gadaexadaT sparselebisaTvis,
radganac episkoposebsa da qorepisko-
qveynis ganTavisuflebis Semdeg miuRebeli iyo. marTlac 12-ve axali episko-
posebs miandes somxeTi, rogorc sparsTa mefobis morCilebs. zogierTma kaTa-
posi man dasva qvemo qarTlsa, kaxeThereTsa da berZenTagan ganTavisuflebul klarjeTSi (es teritoria vaxtang-
likosma da episkoposma sparseTis mefeebi iSviles da TavianTi Zeebi uwodes...

(s am Rv del oe ba m) mi aRw ie s ima s, r om
ma ukan daibruna da, cxadia, iq Tavisi
samTavro msajuleba TviT miitaces da
episkoposi dasva) _ `dasva erTi episkoposad klarjeTs, eklesiasa axizisasa,

erTi artaans eruSeTs, erTi javaxeTs,
wundas, erTi mangliss, erTi bolniss,
kanonis samarTlisamebr ar iqceodnen.

eklesiis sakuTreba miiTvises da flangavdnen eriskacTa saCveneblad... saepiskoposoebi gadaiqcnen qedismosaxrel adg-
erTi rusTavs, erTi ninowmidas, ujarmis karsa, romeli gorgasalsa aeSena,

erTi Werems... erTi CeleTs... erTi xornabujs da erTi agaraks. 367
ilebad, sadac mividodnen xolme aznaurebi (episkoposTa karze) da maT episkoposebi ar iRebdnen, Sercxvenili aznaurebi ukanve brundebodnen, rogoradac
rogorc cnobilia, sastiki winaaRmdegoba iyo mefesa da mTavarepiskopos

miqaels Soris. am faqts sxvadasxvagvarad xsnian istorikosebi, miiCneven, rom
marzapnis karidan. es didi Seuracxyofa mouTmeneli iyo~. 368

marTalia, zemoaRniSnuli istoria
exeba somxeTis eklesias da arsen safa-
maT Soris iyo sarwmunoebrivi dapirispireba. mefe vaxtangic da mTavarepiskoposi miqaelic diofizitebi iyvnen da
maT Soris winaaRmdegoba xelisuflebisaTvis brZoliT iyo gamowveuli.
reli kargad aRwers, sparseTis Sahebma

rogor gadasces dapyrobil somxeTSi
saero xelisufleba somxur eklesias da
es kanonieri ufleba CamoarTves aznaurebs, e.i. saero xelisufalT. igive moimo-
saqme is iyo, rom qarTlsa da hereTSi gabatonebis Semdeg iranelebma qveynis sammarTvelo da sasamarTlo Zalau-
qm ed es s pa rs el ebm a sa qa rT ve lo Si c,
ro gorc am as `moq cev a Y q arT lis a Y ~
uCvenebs. IV s-is bolosa da V s-is
fleba CamoarTves aznaurebs (warCinebulebs) da gadasces samRvdeloebas (sasuliero wodebas). Tu rogor xdeboda
es sparselTa mier, kargad aqvs aRwer-
dasawyisSi, vaxtang gorgaslis gamefebamde arsebul mdgomareobas mematiane

ase aRwers: `da mere mefobda mirdat da
mTavarepiskoposi iyo glonoqor da es
ili arsen safarels somxuri eklesiis
mTavarepiskoposi erisTavadca iyo baraz-
qar Tlis c xovreb a, I, gv. 19 9;

gv. 370-371.
367
368
a. jafariZe, saq arTvel os samo ciqulo eklesiis isto ria, t . I,
117
bod pitiaxSisagan qarTls da hereTs.
tyviT mimarTa - `vercxlismoyvare xar
da misa Semdgomad mefobda didi vaxtang gorgasali~. 36 9
Sen, rameTu qristes megvadruce xar~.

vfiqrob am sityvis xmareba `megva-
aq savsebiT naTlad aris aRwerili

qveyanaSi Seqmnili viTareba: qarTveli
mefe nominaluri mmarTvelia, qveyanas
faqtobrivad marTavs sparsi pitiaxSi,
romelmac `qarTlisa da hereTis erisTa-
druce~ anu `fulis Semgrovebeli~, miuTiTebs, rom am dros qarTvel samRvdeloebas jer kidev hqonda ufleba moegrovebina mTel qveyanaSi xarki, albaT
sparselTa, anda sakuTari qveynis xazi-
vad~ daniSna qarTuli eklesiis meTauri

_ mTavarepiskoposi. ras niSnavs es? Cans,
naSi Sesatanad. yovel SemTxvevaSi, Cveni mematianis sityviT aSkaraa, rom mefe
imasve rac ufro adre mezobel somxeTSi moxda, kerZod, qarTuli eklesiis
meTaurs mieniWa qveynis sammarTvelo
vaxtangi da miqaeli erTmaneTs xelisuflebisTvis ebrZodnen. 370

sabolood, rogorc cnobilia, vax-
(saero) ufleba igia erisTavi da mis
tangma Tavis laSqarze (`spaze~) dayrd-
xelSia qveyanaSi xarkis mokrebis ufleba. esaa udidesi Zalaufleba, romelic

moaklda qarTlis aznaurebs da gadaeca
qa rT ve l sa mRv de lo eb as. r a Se de gi
nobiT SeZlo moegvarebina eklesiasTan

urTierToba. kerZod, man, Cans, moSala
sparselebis mier dadgenili wesi, eklesias CamoarTva saqveyno mmarTvelobis
moitana aman? _ arseni safarelis sityvebs Tu moviSveliebT `sasulieroni

(k aTal ikos ebi da epis kop oseb i) w in
aRudgnen aznaurTa xelisuflebas me-
ufleba da daubruna mas Tavisi kanonieri uflebani, romelnic saeklesio

krebaTa mier iyo dadgenili. am dros
vaxtangisaTvis saWiro yofila eklesiis
fis xelisuflebas... eklesiis sakuTreba miiTvises da flangavdnen (e.i. `megvadruceebi~, anu molareebi arian qristesi)... saepiskoposoebi gadaiqcnen qe-
iseTi didi avtoritetebi, rogorebic

iyvnen bizantiis imperiaSi arsebuli sapatriarqoebi. vaxtangma, Cans, qarTuli
eklesia gamoiyvana siriul-sparsuli saek-
dis mosadrekel adgilebad... episkoposebi maT (aznaurebs) ar iRebdnen da Sercxvenili aznaurebi ukan brundebodnen~.
swored ase moeqca mTavarepiskoposi
miqaeli vaxtang mefes maTi Sexvedris
lesio sferodan da Seiyvana igi bizantiur saeklesio sferoSi. aq ar igulisxmeba iurisdiqcia. eklesiaSi Catarda udidesi reforma, kerZod, aRdgenili iqna simfoniuri urTierToba qarTul
dros, mefe cxenidan CamoqveiTda, miuaxlovda amxedrebul episkoposs, raTa

mas mTxveoda fexze. miqaelma `gakra fexi,
saxelmwifosa da erovnul eklesias

Soris, romelic dairRva sparsTa batonobis Sedegad.
qoSis qusli pirSi Caartya da mefes

kbili Caumtvria~.
rogor moiqca Seuracxyofili mefe?
Tumca Zlier surda, magram ar ikadra
maSasadame, mefe mirianis Semdeg eklesiasa da samefos Soris simfoniuri

urTierToba arsebobda sparselebis Semosevamde, e.i. IV s-is 80-ian wlebamde,
mTavarepiskoposis dasja, mxolod si-
SemdegSi ki, vaxtang gorgaslis dros
Zve li qar Tuli ag iografiuli literatur is Zeg lebi, I, 1964, gv. 9 3;

ekle siis istoria, I, gv . 242-256.
369
37 0
saq arTvelos samociqulo
118
es darRveuli urTierToba, rogorc aRin-
da. omSi an Tavad kaTalikozi da episko-
iSna, aRdga. am dros, rogorc specialistebi aRniSnavdnen, qarTul eklesiaSi,

iseve rogorc maxlobeli aRmosavleTis
eklesiebSi (V-VI ss-Si), gamoiyeneboda
e.w. siriul-romauli samarTali, romelic
posni winamZRvrobdnen an spasalarni,

rogorc dro da garemoeba moiTxovda.
calke jarebs agrovebdnen, roca saWiro
iyo episkoposni da monasterTa winamZRvarni da brZolis velze gahyavdaT da
SemdegSi dakargula da vaxtang VI-s

XVIII s-Si igi xelaxla uTargmnia. vaxtang gorgasalma, rogorc viciT, SemoiRo kaTalikosoba.
maTTan erTad Rvridnen sisxlsa~. 373

k. kekeliZis TvalsazrisiT, ar SeiZleba kaTalikosobis SemoReba davukavSiroT qarTuli eklesiis mier avtoke-
`kaTalikozs mieca taxtad svetic xo vl is t aZ ar i, i wo de bo da k aT alikozad mcxeTisa da iveriisa TiTqmis

1400 wlis ganmavlobaSi... kaTalikozpatriarqi mcxeTidan Tavisuflad ganagebda saqarTvelos saeklesio saqmeebs
d a an g ar i Ss a r av i s aZ l ev d a. k a Ta likozis xelqveiTTa morCilTa Seqmnes
samefo samefoSi, rogorc Cans Zvel
sigel-gujarebidan da vaxtang VI-is
samarTlis wignidan, im saxiTve, rogorc
feodalebma dasavleT evropaSi. kaTalikozi iTvleboda sulier meufed qvey-
faliis mopovebas, igi ar eTanxmeba am

mxriv iv. javaxiSvils da wers: `prof.
iv. javaxiSvili fiqrobs, rom kaTolikozobis SemoReba arsebiTad iyo iberiis
gaTavisufleba ucxo eklesiaze damokidebulebisagan. `cnobilia is, rom aRmosavleTis qristianeTa Soris `kaTalikozi~ damoukidebeli eklesiis mTavari episkopozi da saWeTmpyrobelis
aRmniSvneli wodeba iyo. maSasadame, vaxtang gorgaslisagan saqarTveloSi kaTalikozobis daweseba qarTuli eklesiis
d am o uk i de b lo b is d a we s eb a d u nd a
nisa. mefe da kaTalikozi erTnairi pativiTa da uflebiT sargeblobdnen. Seuracxyofa kaTalikozisa udrida mefis
Seuracxyofas. misi Semdegi ierarqiis
sasuliero wevrni gaTanabrebulni iyvnen
saero ierarqiis wevrebTan~. 37 1
`gaZlierda da gavrcelda saero xa-
vigulisxmoT~, magram es mcdari azria,

kaTalikozobis SemoRebas araferi cvlileba ar mouxdenia iberiis eklesiis Tavis
ierarqiul-kanonikur damokidebulebaSi
da, ase vTqvaT, saeklesioTaSoriso mdgomareobaSi, sityva `kaTalikozi~ aris
berZnuli sityva da realurad niSnavs
siaTi sasuliero wodebisa, amis ganmarteba unda veZioT xalxis gadaWarbeb u l s a r w m u n o e b ri v m i d r e k i l e b a S i

rogorc erTxel dasavleT evropaSi
iyo~. 372 `saeklesio glexni Tavisufalni
iyvnen yoveli saero gadasaxadisagan~. 372
`kaTalikozsa hyavda sakuTari mTavroba imave wesrigiT rogorc mefesa. spasalarebs, aTasis Tavebs, asis Tavebsa da
sxva moxeleT TviT kaTalikozi niSnav-
iseT episkopozs, romelsac gansazRvrul

teritoriaze sxva episkopozebi ufrosad icnoben. Zvel qarTul mwerlobaSi
am s ityviT aRini Sneba ara ma rto
damoukidebeli eklesiis Tavi, aramed
damokidebulebaSi myofic, ufro xSirad
mitropoliti... ase yofila ara marto
qarTul mwerlobaSi, aramed ucxo mwerlobaSic (somxeTSic `mitropoliti~
iTargmneboda sityviT `kaTalikosi~),
37 1
p. karbel aSvili, ierar qia saqarTvel os ekl esiisa, 1900, gv. 29;
37 2
iqv e, gv. 31;
37 3
iqv e, gv. 33.
119
amnairad, Tu iberiis eklesiis Tavs `kaTa-
Si gulisxmobs ramdenime saepiskoposo
likozi~ daerqva, ara imitom, rom is

ierarqiulad gaTavisuflda ucxo ekle-
kaTedris arsebobas. efrem mcire, romelic

sagangebod ikvlevda qarTuli eklesiis
siaze damokidebulebisagan, aramed imitom, rom ramdenime episkoposTa Soris

iberiaSi is Seiqmna ufrosi, pirveli
episkopozi `sazogado~, saerTo xelmZRvaneli yvela danarCenisa~. 374
kanonikur urTierTdamokidebulebas ucxo

eklesiebTan, cxadia, termin `mTavarepiskopossa da kaTalikoss~ SemTxveviT ar ixmarda. efrem mcire Tavis TxzulebaSi
ùwyeba mizezTa qarTvelTa moqcevisasa~
maSasadame, Tu es asea da sityva `kaTalikosis~ damkvidreba aRniSnavda ara ek-
wers: _ `saxelica movlinebulisa mis

episkoposisa esreT povnil ars, viTarmed
lesiis avtokefaliis SemoRebas, aramed

mxolod imas, rom am titulis matarebeli episkoposi gadaiqca, ufros, pirvel,
TviT evstaTi iyo antioqieli patriarqi,

romelman daamyara eklesia igi, mirianis
mier mcxeTas aRSenebuli da ukurTxa
`sazogado~ pirvelierarqad, maSin aRar
maT kaTalikosi mTavarepiskoposi~.
unda ugulebelvyoT ruis-urbnisis krebis Zeglisweris, efrem mcires `moqceva Y

qarTlisa Ys~ WeliSuri redaqciis monacemebi, romelnic sityva `kaTalikoziT~
ruis-urbnisis wmida krebis `Zegliswerac~ aseve kaTalikozad e.i. sazogado, sayovelTao episkoposad moixseniebs qarTuli eklesiis pirvelive me-
moixsenieben qarTuli eklesiis meTaurs

ukve IV s-dan _ mirian mefidanve.
wm. ninos `cxovrebis~ WeliSur redaqciaSia: vaxtang gorgaslamde `gar-
Taurs: `TviT patriarqTa Soris saxelganTqmulman evstaTi [325-330] xeliTa

TvisiTa STadva safuZveli maSin sadme
mcxeTas aRSenebulisa eklesiisa, ...gan-
dacvalebul iyvnes mefeni aTni da kaTalikozni cametni~; maSasadame, misi avtoris TvalsazrisiT, qarTuli eklesiis meTaurebi iyvnen episkoposTa Soris
wmida igi da xeldasxmul-yo mas Sina

maTTvis episkopozi-kaTalikosi~. 375
rogorc aRiniSna, sityva `kaTalikosis~ xmareba efrem mcires, `ruis-urb-
pirvelni, Tavni, `sazogadoni~, Tumca

ki SesaZloa, es termini `kaTalikozi~
marTlac V s-Si iqna SemoRebuli, magram am terminis damkvidrebamdec pirvelierarqs sxva episkoposebTan Sedare-
nisis krebis~, `moqceva Ys~ WeliSuri redaqciis m ier miuTiTebs, r om Zveli

qarTuli saeklesio istoriografiis
TvalsazrisiT, saqarTvelos eklesiaSi
IV s-danve arsebobda ramdenime eparqia,
biT pirveloba hqonia mopovebuli, amitomac unda uwodebdes avtori IV s-is

pirvelmRvdelmTavrebs _ `kaTalikozs~.
ramdenime mmarTveli episkoposi, romelTa Soris pirveli ijda mcxeTaSi, mas

hqonia tituli sayovelTao `mTavarepisko-
aseve, amave TvalsazrisiT unda xmarobdes efrem mcirec am termins _ qarTuli eklesiis dafuZnebisTanave pirvel
ierarqs ukve hqonia tituli _ `kaTali-
posisa~, Tumca ki es termini `kaTalikosi~ SesaZloa mas, marTlac, ar ewodeboda V s-is Sua wlebamde.
k . k ek el i Ze , r o go r c cn o bi l ia ,
kosi mTavarepiskoposi~, rac Tavis Tav-
fiqrobda, rom vaxtang gorgaslis saek-
k. kekeliZe, etiudebi Zveli qarTuli liter aturis istoriidan, t . IV, 1957 w., gv. 335-336;
`didi sjul is kan oni~, 1975, gv. 54 6; 37 6 iqv e, gv. 340.
37 4
37 5
120
lesio reformamde saqarTveloSi iyo
k. kekeliZe cdeba, radganac gvaqvs ara
erTi eparqia erTi episkoposiT, amitomac, TiTqosda iqamde `CvenSi `mTavar-
erTi zmna `davedra~, aramed meorec,

romelic cxadad gadmocems mravlobiT
episkoposi~ ar yofila~. 376 wyaroTa mudmiv

Cvenebas, rom CvenSi V s-is meore naxevramde eklesiis meTaurs hqonda wodeba `mTavarepiskoposi~, xsnis imiT, rom
TiTqosda `moqceva Y qarTlisa Y~ ganurCev-
f or ma s _ es aa à di d on ~ ( `d a ve dr a
episkoposTa, raTa adidon dideba mis
adgilisa~), maSasa dame, aq saqme ara
gvaqvs SecdomasTan.
aseve TvalnaTelia meore magaliTic,
lad xmarobs sityvas èpiskoposi~ da

`mTavarepiskoposi~. 377 maSasadame, Tu Cveni
indoeTidan dabrunebul vaxtang mefes

jer kidev kaTalikosobis dawesebamde
eklesiis meTauri ioane konstantinopolidan meored Camosvlis Semdeg ixsenieba `mTavarepiskoposis~ tituliT da
Seegebnen qarTveli episkoposebi - `warmovida vaxtang qarTlad da miegeba Ze

misi daCi da mis Tana yovelni spasala-
Semdeg erT momentSi kvlav èpiskoposad~
rni da maT Tana episkoposni~. 380
(mag., WeliSuri variantiT wm. ninom gardacvalebis win `Sehvedra iakob mRvdeli mefesa da episkopossa~), amitomac
wyaros Cveneba ioanes mTavarepiskoposo-
k. kekeliZis azriT, iq igulisxmeba

qristian episkoposTan erTad an mazdeanebis èpiskoposi~ an ufro sworad, ori
qristiani episkoposi, erTi eklesiis me-
bis Sesaxeb sando araa, magram ra vuyoT

maSin efrem mcires Cvenebas, romelic
antioqiis patriarqs evstaTis _ èpiskoposs~ uwodebs, rogorc zemoT moyvani-
Tauri, meore saxlis, karis episkoposi~. 379

Cveni azriT ki aq igulisxmeba mTavarepiskoposi miqaeli sxva episkoposebTan
erTad, radganac gvaqvs sxva wyaroc,
li citatidanac Cans. cxadia, zogadi

TvalsazrisiT, patriarqica da mTavarepiskoposic _ episkoposebi arian, amitomac mematianes sruli ufleba aqvs isini
romelSic miqaeli Tavis mravalricxovan episkoposebTan erTad aris moxseniebuli, esaa Txzuleba ùwyeba petros
mkawvrelisaTvis~, masSi naTqvamia, rom
episkoposebad moixsenios saWiroebis dros.

aqedan gamomdinare, mTlianad sandoa wyaroTa dabejiTebuli Cveneba, rom
CvenSi kaTalikosobis dawesebamde iyo
ramdenime episkoposi, ganvixiloT erT-
petre fuloni patriarqi antioqiisa,

romelmac monofizitoba gaavrcela somxeTSi, saqarTvelos sazRvrebTan movida,
TavisTan miiwvia qarTlis mTavarepiskoposi miqaeli, romelic marTlac mivida
erTi. magaliTad, mefe mirianma sikvdilis win `davedra episkoposTa, raTa

adidon dideba mis adgilisa~ (igulisxme-
petre fulonTan, qvemo qarTlis mxares,

adgil `kangarTan~, Tavis episkoposebTan erTad, romelTac Caqoles monofiz-
ba wm. ninos samarxi 378 ).

k. kekeliZe miiCnevs, rom `saqme gvaqvs cxad SecdomasTan, unda iyos èpiskoposi~ da ara èpiskoposni~, rac Cans
iti patriarqi petre fuloni. `Seracxa

maT simarTled kacis kvla igi~. kerZod,
wyaroSi naTqvamia _ `SeWura miqael
sulman wmidaman... warmovida mcxeTiT mis
zmnisagan `davedra~ (da ara `davedrna~)~. 379
queSeTa episkoposTa da mRudelTa Tana
37 7
380
iqve , gv. 329; 37 8 qar Tlis cx ovreba, t. 1, gv. 129;

qar Tlis cx ovreba, I, gv. 196.
37 9
k. kekeliZ e, etiudebi, IV, 1957, gv. 330;
121
da erisa morwmunisa da moiwivnes quey-
Rirseba gaTanabrebulia spaspetis pa-
anasa kangarisasa... maSin movida miqael

kaTalikozi da Tayuanisca winaSe saydrisa
tivTan, radganac mxolod es sami piri

dajda `saydarzed~, anu maRal skamebze,
mis petros mkawvralisasa... STamozidna

Zlierad da STamoiTria qveyanad, daakueTa
da dasca qviTa... maSin yovelTa misTa
r a n g i T m a T z e d ab a l i p a t i v i a q v T
erisTavebs, romelnic selebze dasxes,
xolo àTasis-Tavebi~ da sxvani arc ki
dakribes mis zeda qua da esre dazvines

qviTa da mokles mgeli igi~. 381
dasxes, isini
TaTbirs fexze mdgomni
unda daswrebodnen. yvelasaTvis cnobilia,
SesaZloa es wyaro, rogorc k. kekeliZe wers, marTlac mogvianebiT iyos SeTxz ul i, m ag ra m aq ed an m ai nc C an s

ZvelqarTuli saeklesio istoriografiis Tvalsazrisi, rom vaxtang gorgas-
rom eklesiis meTauri episkoposi da

ueparqio _ karis episkopisi pativiTa
da RirsebiT Tanabarni ar arian, amitomac maT mefis win Tanabari pativiT ar
dasxamdnen sagangebo taxtebze, rogorc
lis droindeli mTavarepiskoposi miqaeli iyo mravali mis `queSe~ mdgomi episko-
Cven gamokvleuli gvaqvs, aq unda igulisxmebodes prosparsuli orientaci-
posis meTauri, sayovelTao maTTvis, amitomac wyaro uwodebs kidec miqaels

`kaTalikozs~, rogorc amonaridi citatidan Cans.
ueWveli wyaroa agreTve vaxtang gorgaslis `cxovrebis~ cnoba, rom siWabukisas vaxtangis mier mowveul TaTbirze ori saepiskoposo taxti idga:
`mouwoda yovelTa warCinebulTa qarTlisaTa, da Semokribna yovelni qalaqad da
ganmzada mefeman saxli erTi da dajda
saydarTa zeda maRalTa, xolo juanSer
is samRvdeloebis (episkoposebis frTis)

meTauri da elinofiluri saepiskoposo
frTis meTauri ori episkoposi. radganac saxelmwifosa da eklesiaSi orive
frTa Tanabrad iyo gaZlierebuli vaxtangis siWabukisas, amitomac maT Tanabari pativi miages darbazobisas. 384
wyaroebis dabejiTebuli mowmobiT,
kaTalikosobis daarsebamdec saqarTvelos eklesiaSi arsebobda ramdenime eparqia, Sesabamisi saepiskoposo kaTedrebiT,
romelTa Soris pirvels _ mTavarepisko-
spaspeti da ornive episkoposni dasxdes

saydarsve da sxvani yovelni erisTavni
dasxdes selebiTa, da aTasis-Tavni da
asis-Tavni da yovelni eri warmodges
ze~. 382 k. kekeliZis azriT, am ori episkoposidan erTia mTeli eklesiis meTauri,
meore _ saxlis, karis episkoposi~, 38 3
Tumca SesaZleblad miiCnevs, rom es
meore aris mazdeanobis èpiskoposi~.
vaxtangis matianedan Cans, rom orive
posis wodeba gaaCnda.

k. kekeliZis azriT, kaTalikosobis
dawe seba v axtang gorga slis m ier
gamowveuli unda yofiliyo ara avtokefaliis mopovebiT, aramed qarTuli eklesiis _ viTarca erTi eparqiis mraval
eparqiebad dayofiT. Cveni azriT, kaTalikosis wodebis SemoRebiT vaxtang gorgasals surda miqael mTavarepiskoposis
saxelisuflebo Zalis damxoba. vaxtang-
episkoposi aris Tanabari Rirsebisa erTmaneTis mimarT da, rac mTavaria, maTi
ma, Cans, saeklesio reforma ganaxorciela or etapad. pirvel etapze man
saq arTvelo s samoT xe, gamomcemuli g. s abininis mier, 1882, gv. 632; 382 qar Tlis c xovreb a, I, gv.
147 ; 383 k. kekeliZe, et iudebi, IV, gv. 330; 384 saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria, t. I, 1996,
gv . 24 2-256.
381
122
daamarcxa prosparsuli orientaciis
bizantiasa da mTel maSindel msof-
episkopati da maTi meTauri binqarani,

proberZnuli orientaciis marTlmadide-
lioSi, vaxtangis Tvalwin mimdinareobda sapatriarqoebis (samamamTavroebis)
beli miqael episkoposis daxmarebiT, meore etapze ki man daamarcxa miqael

mTavarepiskoposi _ masze rangiT meti
`petre kaTalikosis~ bizantiidan SemoyvaniT. kaTalikos petres miqaelTan Se-
warmoqmna _ mcire eklesiebis gaeTianebis gziT. Cans, amis gaTvaliswinebiT da

msoflio eklesiaSi arsebuli situaciis gamoyenebiT vaxtangma Semoiyvana petre viTarca ekles iis `mamamTavari~
darebiT mefe uwodebs _ ùmTavress~.

`gesma umTavresisa Senisa qarTlad moy-
(rogorc `moqceva Y qarTlisa Y~ uwodebs)

sayovelTao episkoposi axlad gaerTianeb-
vaneba... vercxlis moyvare xar Sen, rameTu

Senca megvadruce xar qristesi~, - ase
mimarTavs mefe miqaels. 385
uli da gamTlianebuli qveynis masStabi T, igi um Tav resi un da yof ili yo

miq aelze c. a miT, Cans, mef es su rda
rogorc zemoTaa aRniSnuli, vaxtan-
SeezRuda, anda sa erTod gaeuqmebina
gamde da mis saeklesio reformamde kavkasiur qveynebSi sparseTis saxelmwifos

nebiT eklesiis xelSi moeqca saero xelisuflebis didi nawili, amitomac,
sparselTa mier danergili wesi _ eklesiis mier saero xelisuflebis mniSvnelovani nawilis gangebisa, rasac miaRwia mefem. iqamde ki, reformis pirvel
rogorc iTqva, qarTuli eklesiis meTauri glonoqori, qarTlisa da hereTis

erisTavi, e.i. saero uzenaesi xelisufali iyo. somxuri wyaroebis Tanaxmad ki,
etapze, rogorc iTqva, mefem daamarcxa

prosparsuli orientaciis episkopati,
swerda kidec amis Sesaxeb imperators
_ `macduri binqaran mivec sapyrobilesa
eklesiis xelSi moeqca saxelmwifo Semosavlebis akrefis saqme. rogorc Cans,

miqael mTavarepiskopisis xelT iyo saxelmwifo gadasaxadebis mokrebis saqme,
da sikvdilisagan gardaixvewa. man ukue

moiyvana sparsni qarTlad da davsvi
episkoposad miqael, kaci sarwmuno~. 387
binqarani _ cxadia aris ara cecxl-
rac Cans, qarTveli mefisaTvis, romelic sparsuli xelisuflebisagan Tavis

daRwevas cdilobda , miuRebeli iyo.
swored amitom unda exmara mefes miqaelis mimarT sityvebi `megvadruce~ da
Tayvanismcemeli, aramed qristiani episkoposi, romlis nacvlad mefem dasva episkoposad miqaeli, rogorc es konteqstidan
Cans. binqaranis `cecxlTayvanismcemloba~ imiT gamoixateba, rom prosparsuli,
`vercxlismoyvare~. marTlac, Cveni macxovris ieso qristes saZmoSi saerTo salaro ebara iudas, igi iyo megvadruce.
albaT siro-sparsuli saeklesio orientaciis episkoposia da SesaZloa qristian-maniqevelTa frTasac ekuTvnoda.
mefis azriT, aseve megvadruce anu Tanxis, salaros mepatronea miqaelic _ àRegzen SuriT viTarca iuda petresiTa,
rameTu Sen xar viTarca iuda, xolo
mTli anad g asaTva liswin ebelia k.

kekeliZis mosazreba, rom `kaTolikozis
tituli TavisTavad arc damoukideblobis momaswavlebelia da arc damokide-
eklesia _ viTarca petre~. 386
bulebisa~, 388 rom `kaTolikozobis SemoRe-
qarTlis cxovreba, I, gv. 197;

etiudebi, IV, gv. 337.
385
386
iqve, gv. 197;
387
qarTlis cxovreba, I, gv . 179 ;
388
k. kekeliZe,
123
bas araviTari cvlileba ar mouxdenia
gamoZaxili mermindeli kavSirisa da ara
iberiis eklesiis Tavis ierarqiul-kanonikur damokidebulebaSi da ase vTqvaT
Tavdapirvelisa~. 39 1
marTalac, dRemde arc erTi sando
saeklesiaTaSoriso mdgomareobaSi~.
k. kekeliZis azriT, qarTul eklesias vaxtang gorgaslis dros avtokefalia ar moupovebia, amis damadasturebeli araviTari cnoba ar arsebobs.
cnoba anda wyaro antioqiis sapatriarqos iurisdiqciaSi qarTuli eklesiis

yofnis Sesaxeb aRmoCenili ar aris, amitomac mTlianad unda gaviziaroT jer
kidev XI s-Si giorgi mTawmidelis mier
k. kekeliZis azriT, saqarTvelos eklesia konstantinopolis sapatriarqos
gamoTqmuli mosazreba, rom saqarTvelos eklesia arasodes Sedioda antio-
arasodes eqvemdebareboda, mis iurisdiqciaSi ar yofila: `miuRebelia is

azri, viTomc iberebi konstantinopo-
qiisa da arc erTi sxva ucxo eklesiis

iurisdiqciaSi, vinaidan Tavidanve avtokefaluri iyo, viTarca sxva mociqulTa
lis eklesias daeqvemdebarnen, vinaidan
mier daarsebuli eklesiebi Zvel msof-
im dros, rodesac iberebma qristianoba

miiRes, konstantinopolis sapatriarqo
arc ki arsebobda, is isaxeba IV s-is
bolos, II msoflio krebis Semdeg, da
lioSi (ix. `Teoriebi qarTuli eklesiis

avtokefaliis Sesaxeb 39 2 ). es sakiTxi
gamowvlilviT gvaqvs gaanalizebuli amave
wignis paragrafSi _ àntioqiis II saek-
sabolood Camoyalibda V s-is bolos

IV msoflio krebaze, manamde ki konstantinopolis episkoposi TviTon emorCileboda herakliis mitropolits mcire
lesio kreba~, romelSic iseve, rogorc

paragrafSi àntioqiis I saeklesio kreba~ araa gaziarebuli k. kekeliZisa da
s xv aT a m i er g a mo Tq m ul i m os a zr eb a
aziaSi~. 389 es mosazreba misaRebia. Cvenc,

Cveni mxriv, mis gansamtkiceblad moviyvaneT Cveni argumentebi. 390
mTlianadaa gasaziarebeli k. kekel-
TiTqosda VII s-is Semdeg qarTuli eklesia Sevida antioqiis sapatriarqos

iurisdiqc iaSi. rogorc v. goilaZem
gaarkvia, efrem mciresa, nikon SavmTelisa
iZis meore mosazrebac, rom arc daarsebisas _ IV s-Si da arc Semdgom _ VVI ss-Si qarTuli eklesia ar yofila
antioqiis sapatriarqos iurisdiqciis
qveS. k. kekeliZe wers: èWvi araa, rom
da sxvaTa cnobebi, rom antioqiis patriarqma Teofilaqtem VIII s-Si avtokefalia mianiWa ara mcxeTis sakaTalikosos, aramed dasavleT saqarTvelos im
nawils, romelic VII s-is Semdeg Sevi-
VII s-mde iberiis eklesias uSualo

damokidebulebiTi kavSiri antioqiasTan
ar hqonia, arc erTi sando cnoba da
da ko nst an tin opo lis sa pa tri arq os

iurisdiqciaSi, xolo konstantinopolSi xatmebrZoluri eresis gamo gamovida
wyaro ar moipoveba iseTi, romelic adasturebdes aseT kavSirs. marTalia, aseTi Tqmulebebi arsebobs, magaliTad,
evstaTi antioqielisa da vaxtang gor-
am sapatriarqos iurisdiqciidan da Seecada kanonikuri gziT moepovebina Tavisufleba bizantiuri eklesiisagan, rasac
miaRwia kidec VIII s-Si antioqiis pa-
gaslis drois Sesaxeb, magram es aris
triarq Teofilaqtes mier. (es sakiTxi
iqve , gv. 34 6; 39 0 saq arTvelo s samo ciqulo eklesiis istor ia, t. I, gv. 185-20 3;
etiudebi, IV, gv. 347-34 9; 39 2 saq . sam. ek. ist., t. I, gv . 315-325.
389
39 1
k. kekeliZis,
124
ganxiluli gvaqvs paragrafSi àfxazeTis sakaTalikosos daarseba~). 393
k. kekeliZis azriT, qarTuli eklesia daarsebisTanave, IV, V da VI ss-Si
- 300 wlis manZilze imyofeboda somxuri eklesiis iurisdiqciis qveS. igi
wers: èWvmiutanelia isic, rom Tavdapirvelad, IV, V da VI ss-Si, iberias
somxebTan hqonda rogorc kulturuli,
ise ierarqiuli kavSiri, romelic Sewyda VII s-is damdegs~. 394
am azrs ar eTanxmeba iv. javaxiSvili da sxva mecnierebi. 395 (es sakiTxi
ganxiluli gvaqvs aqve paragrafSi `dvinis saeklesio kreba~).
k. kekeliZis azriT, qarTulma eklesiam avtokefalia moipova XI s-Si, iqamde igi VII s-dan antioqiis sapatriarqos iurisdiqciaSi imyofeboda, xolo
IV-V da VI ss-Si somxur eklesias eqvemdebareboda rogorc kulturulad, ise
ierarqiulad. es Tvalsazrisi CvenTvis
miuRebelia, rac ganxilulia aqve, Sesabamis krebaTa ganxilvis dros.
Cven gvainteresebs saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebi IV-V ss-Si. am dros qarTuli eklesiis samarTlis wyaros warmoadgenda ucxo eklesia da misi dadgenilebebi, Tu adgilobrivi saeklesio krebaTa gadawyvetilebani. k. kekeliZis mosazrebiT: ìberiis eklesia maSin aRmocenda, rodesac msoflio eklesiis organizacia sabolood Camoyalibebuli ar
iyo, es IV krebaze moxda, maSin, IV sis naxevarSi mxolod safuZveli eyreboda am saqmes, amitom calkeuli saeklesio erTeulebi, ufro ki imperiis
gareSe, e.w. `barbarosTa~ Soris, ganagrZobdnen arsebobas jer kidev `Zvelad
miRebul CveulebaTa~ mixedviT (III msof.
krebis me-2 kanoni). am `CveulebaTa ZaliT,
rodesac erTi romelime eri meorisagan
qristianobas miiRebda, saeklesio-sarwmunoebriv saqmeSi misi xelmZRvanelobis
qveS rCeboda, sanam TviT am erSi ar
Seiqmneboda iseTi pirobebi, romelnic
SesaZleblad gaxdidnen iq damoukidebel,
uzrunvel cxovrebas. ase unda momxdariyo ueWvelad iberiaSic. Cvens saistorio mwerlobaSi iberiis saeklesiaTaSoriso mdgomareobis Sesaxeb aseTi azria:
qristianobis miRebidanve iberiis eklesia sxva eklesias daemorCila da TandaTan saukuneTa ganmavlobaSi is Tavisuflebas poulobda~. 396
rogorc vxedavT, k. kekeliZis TvalsazrisiT, qarTuli eklesia ucxo eklesias, somxurs, unda daqvemdebareboda
III msoflio krebis me-2 kanonis ZaliT,
romelSic naxsenebia winadadeba `Zvel
CveulebaTa mixedviT~, TiTqosda Zveli
Cveulebis Zala aseT daqvemdebarebas
moiTxovda. III msoflio krebis me-2 kanonSi msgavsi araferia naTqvami, aRniSnuli winadadeba Cven gvxvdeba II msoflio
krebis me-2 kanonSi. es kanoni brZanebs:
`warmarTTa Soris arsebuli ucxo tomTa eklesiebi unda ganagon mamaTa mier
sinamdvileSi ra igulisxmeba `mamaTa mier dawesebul Zvel kanonebSi~ amis
gasarkvevad albaT gamodgeba II msoflio krebamde Catarebuli laodikiis
krebis 21-e kanoni, romelSic swored
aR niS nuli wi nad adeb aa nax sene bi: _
èpiskoposi erTi samwysodan nu gadava
sxva samwysoSi, nurc Tavisi nebiT, nurc
mrevlis iZulebiT, nurc episkoposTa
saq . sam. ek. ist. , t. II, gv. 89; 39 4 k. kekeliZ e, etiudebi, IV, gv. 346-34 9; 39 5 saq . sam. ek. ist.,
t. I, gv. 325-438; 39 6 k. kekeliZe, er tiudebi, IV, gv. 34 6; 39 7 `didi sjuliskano ni~, s aqarTv elos
ekle siis kalendari, 1987 w., gv. 211.
39 3
125
nebiT, aramed darCes im eklesiaSi, romel-
episkoposad, Semdeg ki eklesiis meTau-
Sic RvTis nebiT Tavidan iyo arCeuli

da nu Seicvlis adgils mamaTa mier adre
radac dausvams adgilobriv saxelmwifo

xelisuflebas. swored ase unda ganvix-
miRebuli dadgenilebisamebr~. 397

`didi sjuliskanonis~ xelnawerSi,
iloT nikeis krebis aRniSnuli kanoni,

sxvagvar qmedebas kreba krZalavs. TiTqmis igivea me-16 kanonic: `..Tu vinmem
sxvisi moyvasis gadmobireba da Tavis
eklesiaSi xeldasxma gabedos im episko-
laodikiis krebis 21-e kanonis qveS, ganmartebulia Tu ra igulisxmeba `mamaTa

mier adre miRebul dadgenilebebSi~, kerZod, xelnawerSi ganmartebulia _ mis
arSiazea minaweri: `nikeis me-16 kanons
gulisxmobs~. 39 8
nikeis I msoflio krebis rogorc
me-15, ise me-16 kanoni sastikad krZalavs erTi eparqiidan meoreSi sasuliero piris, maT Soris episkoposis gagzavnas, kerZod, me-15 kanonSi naTqvamia:
`wmida krebas miaCnia, sruliad moispos zog mxareSi damkvidrebuli ukanono
Cveuleba da qalaqidan qalaqSi ar gadadiodes arc episkoposi, arc mRvdeli,
arc diakoni. Tu vinmem am didi krebis
dadgenilebis Semdeg xeli mihyos aseT
saqmes, sruliad daumtkicebeli iyos
mis mier mopovebuli da gadayenebul
iqnes, ginda episkoposad iyos xeldasxmuli da ginda mRdvlad~. 399
am da sxva kanonebis ZaliT, Tuki
vTqvaT somexTa kaTalikosma IV s-Si
Tavisi diakoni akurTxa sxva, kerZod,
qarTuli eklesiis episkoposad, daurRvevia nikeis krebis aRniSnuli kanonebi
da igi unda gadaeyenebinaT, maSasadame,
ìob somexi~, romelic odesRac diakvnad
yofila somxeTSi, saqarTveloSi somexTa kaTalikoss ki ar dauyenebia episkoposad, aramed es piri diakvnisave xarisxiT, Tavisi nebiT Camosula qarTlSi, aq
ki igi Tavisi piradi damsaxurebis gamo
qarTvel episkoposebs jer ukurTxebiaT
posis Tanxmobis gareSe, romlisganac

kanonis mier ganCinebuli piri wamosulia,
daumtkicebeli iyos misi xeldasxma~. 400
a m k a n o n is Z a li T , i ob d i a ko n s
saqarTveloSi mosvlis dros Tan unda
hqonoda somexi kaTalikosis Tanxmoba,
misi sxva eparqiaSi wasvlis nebarTva.
es cxadia ar niSnavs, rom iobi SemdegSic somexTa kaTalikoss eqvemdebareboda. safiqrebelia, rom saqarTvelos eklesias episkoposTa kreba warmarTavda,
eklesiis meTauris, anu mTavarepiskoposis meTaurobiT, rogorc amas moiTxovda nikeis krebis me-4 kanoni. episkoposTa krebis gareSe (e.i. Tuki eklesiaSi
ar iyo ramdenime episkoposi) aseTi eklesia arc ki CaiTvleba eklesiad, anu
`saeklesio samTavrod~ _ èpiskoposi
unda daadginos samTavros yvela episkoposma~ (me-4 kanoni), anda `TiToeul
samTavroSi weliwadSi orjer Catardes
episkoposTa kreba, rom mTeli samTavros
episkoposTa saerTo Sekrebaze aseTi sadavo saqme ganxilul iqnes~ (me-5 kanoni); Tuki qarTul eklesiaSi mxolod erTi
episkoposi iyo, rogorc k. kekeliZe wers,
maSin igi arc ki yofila organizaciulad Camoyalibebuli da mxolod sxva
eklesiis nawili yofila, radganac eklesiis arsebobas mxolod episkoposTa
kreba ganapirobebda.
s aqarT vel os ek les iis k ale ndari, 1987 w., gv. 202; 39 9 iqv e, gv.
sjul iskanon i~, saqarTvel os ekle siis k alendar i, 1987 , gv. 181.
39 8
202, SeniSvn a;
400
`didi
126
`mamaTa mier dawesebuli Zveli kanon-
Semdegac, IV s-sa da V s-is dasawyisSi,
ebi~, rogorc iTqva, naxsenebia II msoflio krebis me-2 kanonSi, romelic mtki-
imperiaSi mravali avtokefaluri eklesia arsebobda, rogorc cnobili kanon-
ced icavs eklesiaTa TavisTavadoba-avtokefalias: `...TiToeul samTavros (eparqias) ganagebs amave samTavros kreba nikeaSi gansazRvruli kanonis Tanaxmad,
xolo warmarTTa Soris arsebuli ucxo
istebi s. troicki da a. kartaSevi ganmartaven. amitomac, rogorc zemoT moyvanili kanonebic uCveneben, swored is
iyo akrZaluli, rac k. kekeliZis sityviT TiTqosda CvenSi iyo damkvidrebu-
tomTa eklesiebi unda ganagon mamaTa

mier dawesebuli Zveli kanonebis mixed-
li: viTomda erTi ucxo eklesia ganagebda

meores da es ukanaskneli ki Tavs ver
viT~. 401 rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, imave

kanonSi naTqvamia _ èklesiaTa keTilad
ganmartebisa da mSvidobisaTvis arc erT
ixsnida. IV s-Si aseTi urTierTdamokide bule ba a krZal uli iyo. mxo lod
Semdgom, rogorc ganmartavs a. kartaSevi,
episkoposs ara aqvs ufleba gascdes Tavis
kerZod, ki V s-is Semdeg, did sapatri-
eklesiis sazRvrebs da SeiWras sxva eklesiis sazRvrebSi, raTa ar moaxdinos

eklesiebis aRreva. kanonTa Tanaxmad
aleqsandriis episkoposi unda ganageb-
arqoTa Camoyalibebis kvaldakval imperiaSi iqamde arsebuli 100-ze meti avtokefaluri eklesiis gaerTianebis Sedegad imperiaSi Camoyalibda 6 avtoke-
des mxolod egviptis eklesiebs, aRmosavleTis episkoposni unda ganagebdnen

mxolod aRmosavleTis eklesiebs. daculi unda iyos nikeis kanonebiT dawese-
faluri eklesia _ konstantinopolis,

aleqsandriis, antioqiis, ierusalimis,
romisa da kviprosisa. 403
radganac IV-V ss-Si imperiaSi arse-
buli pativi antioqiis eklesiisa. aziis

soflebis episkoposni unda ganagebdnen
mxolod aziis eklesiebs, pontoeli
episkoposni unda ganagebdnen mxolod
bobda mravali avtokefaluri eklesia,

romelTa avtokefaliasac icavda saeklesio kanonebi, saqarTvelos eklesiac
ar unda yofiliyo gamonaklisi da igi
pontos eklesiebs, xolo Trakiis episkoposni _ mxolod Trakiis eklesiebs. episkoposi ar unda gavides Tavisi samrevlo
eklesiis farglebidan xeldasxmisaTvis
an sxva raime saeklesio gangebisaTvis
iseTive uflebebis matarebeli unda yofiliyo, rogorc sxva mociqulTa mier

daarsebuli eklesiebi qristianul msoflioSi, rogorc amas miuTiTebs wm. giorgi
mTawmideli. amitomac saeklesio samarT-
mowodebisagan an miwvevis gareSe~. 402

aq sruliad gasagebadaa naTqvami, rom
saqarTvelos mezoblad avtokefaluri iyo
lis wyaros adgilobrivi saeklesio ierarqia da saxelmwifo xelisufleba warmoadgenda da, Sesabamisad, misi samarT-
pontos, Trakiis, àsiis~, àRmosavleTis~ eklesiebi, Tu aRaras vityviT, antioqiisa da aleqsandriis eklesiebze.
II msoflio krebis droisaTvis da mis
lis wyaro ar yofila konstantinopoleli an antioqieli ierarqebis dadgenilebani, igi imarTeboda msoflio eklesiaSi imJamad arsebuli kanonebis mixedviT.
`didi sj uliskanoni~, saqarTvelo s ekle siis k alendari, 1987, g v. 211; 402 iqve , gv. 210; 40 3
`qar Tuli e klesiis avtoke faliis Sesaxe b~, saq. samo ciqulo eklesiis isto ria, t . I, gv . 185-203.
401
127
saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebi

dvinis krebidan ruis-urbnisis krebamde (VI-XI ss.)
VI s-Si udidesi mniSvnelobis gardatexa moxda saqarTvelos politikur
da saeklesio cxovrebaSi, kerZod, dasustda da TandaTanoboT gauqmda erovnuli sax elm wifo ebr iob a, s aqa rTve lo
sparseTis da bizantiis xeldebul teritoriebad gadaiqca. farnavazian-xosroianTa aTaswlovani qarTuli samefo
dinastia sparselTa mier idevneboda. VII
s-Si es dinastia kvlav idevneboda ukve
arabTa mier. qarTuli saxelmwifoebrioba sabolood moiSala. centraluri xelisufleba Zalze dasustda, moiSala
sae ro-a dmin istr aciu li m marT velo ba
kuTxeebSic. gaCnda xelisuflebis deficiti, ramac cxadia samarTlebriv qaossa da ganukiTxaobas Seuwyo xeli. am
dros, samarTlebri vi TvalsazrisiT,
qarTulma eklesiam miiRo axali funqci ebi. i gi See cada wesier ebis, samarTlisa da wesrigis kera d gadaqceuliyo
posoebsa
qarTuli
Tvisebebi
404
adgilebze, calkeul saepiskoda mxareebSi. VIII-IX ss-Si

eklesiis saero sammarTvelo
gansakuTrebiT gamoikveTa.
amis Sedegia is uCveulo samarTlebrivi Tvisebebi, romlebic daaxasiaTa

iv. javaxiSvilma: `saqarTvelos eklesias saxelmwifo cxovrebasa da wes-wyobilebaSi gansakuTrebuli upiratesobani hqonda mopovebuli, msgavsad romis
eklesiisa. amiT igi ara mxolod saeklesio dawesebuleba iyo, aramed saxelmwifoebrivi sxeulisa da saxelmwifoebrivi erTeulis Tvisebebis mqone. Cveni
eklesiis aRniSnul ufleba-upiratesobaTa Sesaxeb cnobebis miReba mxolod
sigel-gujrebidan SeiZleba. am sabuTebSi mravali cnoba exeba saqarTvelos eklesiis kaTalikos-patriarqis centraluri
sammarTvelos organizacias~. 40 4
iv. javaxiSvilis sityviT, saqarTvelos eklesias Tavisi marTva-gamgeoba mowyobili hqonda `saxelmwifo marTva-gamgeobis wesebze~. qarTul eklesias hqonda Tavisi sasamarTlo, Tavisi ekonomikuri
politika, hyavda sakuTari jari da Tavisi
ymebi, amasTanave, moepoveboda saxelmwifo
marTva-gamgeobis wesebze mowyobili moxeleoba, amitom bevris mxriv saxelmwifoebrivi sxeulis Tvisebebi etyoboda. 405
iv. javaxiSvili. Txzule bani 12 tomad, t. VI, gv. 67;
405
iqv e, gv. 37.
128
mecnieris sityviT, qarTuli saekle-
cxis episkoposma giorgim daawynara Tavis
sio samarTali warmonaSobia qarTuli

eklesiis, viTarca saxelmwifoebrivi sxeulis yofa-cxovrebidan, am mxriv, qarTuli saeklesio samarTali ufro miagavs
romis eklesiis `Corpus turis caninici~-s,
eparqia _ samTavroSi didebulTa Soris

atexili mravalwliani dava, samarTlebrivi sasjeli daado didebulebs (TviT
mamulebis CamorTmeviTac ki) da uwesrigobasa da qaosSi Caflul mosaxle-
vidre berZenTa da rusTa saeklesio samarTals, aseve, msgavsad amisa, qarTuli eklesia Tavisi wes-wyobilebis bevri
TvisebiT ufro romis saSualo sauku-
obaSi daamyara wesrigi _ `dascxres,

dadumnes SfoTni da uwesrigobani~. imJamindel zogierT marTlmadidebel qveyanaSic aseve moipova eklesiam uzenaesi
neebis eklesias miagavda, vidre erTmorwmune berZenTa da rusTa eklesiebs. 406

qarTuli saeklesio samarTali maSin
daemgvana dasavlurs, roca romis eklesia marTlmadidebluri aRmsareblobisa
iyo - VII-X ss-Si. kidev erTxel gadavxedoT, Tu rogori politikuri viTareba
iyo saqarTveloSi VII-X ss-Si. am dros
saqarTvelo viTarca erTiani qveyana ar
arsebobda, igi daSlili iyo teritoriebad, calkeul kuTxeebad, romlebSic,
mxolod VIII-IX ss-Si daiwyo formireba kuTxurma qarTulma saxelmwifoebrivma
samarTlebrivi funqcia, kerZod, rogorc

v. cipini wers `Sua saukuneebSi evropul dasavleTSi kaTolikuri eklesiis
wiaRSi, nawilobriv netari avgustines
Txzulebis `saRmrTo qalaqis~ gavleniTac òri maxvilis~ doqtrina Seiqmna,
romlis mixedviTac orive xelisufleba
_ saeklesioc da saxelmwifoc, erTi
uSualod, meore ki SuamavlobiT, romis
eklesiidan momdinareobs. Sua saukuneebis saero xelmwifeni papis vasalebad
iTvlebodnen. papebi TavianT Tavs ara
mxolod imperatorebisa da mefeebis
erTeulebma _ afxazTa, qarTvelTa, kaxTa da herTa samefoebis saxiT, politikur-administraciuli centri Tbilisi - arabTa saamiros dedaqalaqad iyo
gadaqceuli, qvemo qarTlSi monofizituri
somxuri eklesiis gabatonebis Sedegad
e.w. `somexTa samefo~ (taSir Zorake-
kurTxevis, aramed maTi taxtidan Camogdebis uflebasac ki aZlevdnen. kaTolikuri

doqtrinis ganviTarebam papebis saero
principatisa da maTi saeklesio da saero
xelisuflebis absoluturobis Sesaxeb
xeli Seuwyo im garemoebas, rom Sua
saukuneebis dasavleTis pirveli impera-
tisa) Camoyalibda. axalCamoyalibebul

qarTul saxelmwifoebriv erTeulebze
Tavisi didi samarTlebrivi gavlena moipova qarTulma eklesiam. amis erT-erT
mkafio magaliTad, romelsac qvemoT SevexebiT, migvaCnia qorepiskoposTa saeklesio institutis mier kaxeT-hereTis samefos formirebaSi gaweuli udidesi Rvawli, agreTve serapion zarzmelis cxovrebaSi moxmobili faqti imisa, rom sam-
tori karlos didi, bizantieli basilevsebisagan gansxvavebiT, romaeli imperatorebis pirdapiri memkvidre ar iyo,
saimperatoro gvirgvini papma daadga ra,
misi saxiT, rogorc mraval `barbaros~
mefeTagan erT-erTs, romis imperatoris
ti tuli mi aniW a. sae ro x elm wife Ta
winaaRmdeg brZolebSi papebis mZlavri
iaraRi interdati iyo, romelic ama Tu
im qveyanaSi RvTismsaxurebis Sesrule-
406
iv. javax iSvili. Txzul ebani 12 tomad, t. VI, gv. 36.
129
bas manamde krZalavda, sanam qveSevrdomebi papis mier gankveTil TavianT
monarqs ar Camoagdebdnen, magram TavianTi prioritetis dasacavad papebi da
kaTolike episkoposebi SeiaraRebuli Zalis gamoyenebasac mimarTavdnen, Sedegad kaTolikuri eklesiis etatizireba
moxda, papebi sruluflebiani monarqebi
iyvnen italiis mniSvnelovani nawilis,
e.w. papis olqisa, romlis naSTsac Tanamedrove vatikani warmoadgens. mravali
episkoposi (gansakuTrebiT, germaniaSi)
Tavadi iyo, romelTac TavianT teritoriaze xelisuflebasa da jarze saxelmwifoebrivi iurisdiqcia hqondaT brZolebSi s xva e pis ko pos ebi s, he rc oge bi s,
markgrafebis, damoukidebeli qalaqebis,
mefeebis da TviT imperatorebis winaaRmdegac ki winamZRolebad gamodiodnen~. 407
saqarTvelos eklesia, rogorc aRiniSna, VI-X ss-Si, imyofeboda gansakuTrebul pirobebSi. VI s-is Semdeg, moryeuli saxelmwifoebriobis dros, maSin,
roca kanonierebis da marTlwesrigis
damcvels saxelmwifo aRar warmoadgenda, xolo, Semoseuli mteri ver amyarebda wesrigs, piriqiT, iwvevda samarTlebriv qaoss, kuTxeebsa da olqebSi saero didkacebi araTu icavdnen samarTalsa da kanonierebas, aramed erTmaneTs samkvdro-sasicocxlod ebrZodnen. amis gamo, rogorc Cveni samarTalmcodneebi weren, sazogadod mTel qveyanaSi, kerZod ki tao-klarjeTis `samTavroSi sasuliero xelisufleba didi avtoritetiT sargeblobda da did Zalas
warmoadgenda qveynis cxovrebaSi. am
dros, sasuliero xelisufleba cdilobs
kidec upiratesobis mopovebas saeroze~.
m. lorTqifaniZis azriT, ara mxolod
tao-klarjeTSi, aramed mTel qveyanaSi

(saqarTveloSi) - èklesia did Zalad
iqceva, is, saerTod, qveynis mmarTvelobis xelSi Cagdebas lamobs. Widili saeklesio da saero-samoqalaqo xelisuflebas Soris, sabolood ukanasknelis gamarjvebiT mTavrdeba~. 40 8 afxazTa samefoSic eklesias didi Zala unda hqonoda mopovebuli. araa SemTxveviTi, rom
konstantinopolis patriarqma nikoloz
mistikosma werilobiT sTxova giorgi
mefes daecva bizantielebTan megobrobis siwmide. 409
ivane javaxiSvili `bagrat kurapalatis samarTlis wignis~ ganxilvis dros
aRniSnavs, rom bagratis samarTlidan
aRbuRas kanonebSi Setanili aris zogierTi muxli. magaliTad, `meore mefe
episkoposi aris da qristianTa sjulisa
damamtkicebeli~ (iv. javaxiSvili, Txzulebani 12 tomad, tomi VI, 1982, gv.
88). am muxlebis ZiriTadi nawili umefobis dros, kerZod, VII-IX ss-Sia Sedgenili. àm muxlebSi episkoposi da, sazogadod, samRvdeloeba srul batonadaa
gamoyvanili, maT winaaRmdeg mefe uZluria, araferi SeuZlia, amitom samive es
muxli (101, 102, 103-e aRbuRas samarTlisa) iseT xanas unda ekuTvnodes, roca
samRvdeloeba saqarTveloSi sruli batoni iyo da saero mTavrobaze maRla
eWira Tavi, ese igi daviT aRmaSeneblis
uwinaresi xanisa unda iyos. swored am
dros iyvnen monazvnebi batonad da mTavris
mowvevis baraTze pasuxad SeeZloT SeeTvalaT, bers SenTan àra hnebavs mosvlao~... am dros beri-arqimandriti imdenad Zlieri iyo, rom Tavisuflad mefes
satrfos arTmevda, monasterSi hketavda, aseT xanaSi daadgendnen: `rac unda
v. cipini, saekl esio samarTali, saqarTvelos eklesiis kal endari, 1999, gv. 14 9;
1973, gv. 44 8; 409 iqv e, gv. 435.
407
408
narkv., II,
130
Sescodos episkoposma, moZRvarma, mRvdel-
sasuliero pirebi, araiSviaTad, saekle-
ma Tu monazonma mefeso, mainc xeli ar

axloTo, imitom rom meore mefe episko-
sio xelisuflebis saxelmwifo xelisuflebis winaSe upiratesobasac ki usvam-
posi aris, arca mefesa sjulisa saqme

aqvso~. 410 iv. javaxiSvilis azriT, aRniSnuli kanonebi ùfro IX s-is sazogadoebrivi azris gamomxatvelia. kanonTa
es muxlebi TiTqos ufro bagrat I kura-
dnen xazs. isini TiTqos Teoriuladac

asabuTebdnen samRvdeloebis upiratesobas, saero mTavrobasTan SedarebiT~. 412
n. mari werda: `Zvel saqarTveloSi
saero da sasuliero Zalauflebis er-
palatis droindeli gamodis~. 411

`n. maris azriT, bizantiaSi xatme-
Toba warmoadgenda udavo faqts~. 413 eklesiis xelSi saero da sasuliero Za-
brZolobis epoqaSi èrT mxares idgnen

umaRlesi saero moxeleebi da episkoposebi, romelnic imis momxreni iyvnen,
lauflebis Tavmoyris tradiciul gadmonaSTad n. mars miaCnda WyondidelmwignobarTuxucesis Tanamdeboba. moZR-
rom imperators Tvalyuri edevnebina ek-
varTa instituts iseTive didi mniSvnelo-
lesiisaTvis da waremarTa kidec misi

saqmianoba, xolo meore mxares idgnen
berebi... isini im mosazrebiT xelmZRvanelobdnen, rom saero xelisufleba ar
ba hqonda saqarTveloSi, rogoric vardapets somxeTSi.

gansakuTrebiT kargad Cans eklesiis
avtoriteti da Zala kaxeTis samTavros
unda ereodes sasuliero wodebis saqmeSi. es mimarTuleba damarcxda bizantiaSi. saqarTveloSi, mesxeTSi ki, piriqiT,
n. maris azriT, gaimarjva meore mima-
(samefos) Camoyalibebis saqmeSi. am dros

eklesia faqtobrivad marTavda kaxeTs
qorepiskoposis institutis meSveobiT.
`kaxeTis saeklesio ierarqiaSi arsebobs
rTulebam. aq, eklesiis meTaurebi `Zlier Zalad grZnoben Tavs da eklesiis

damoukideblobas saero xelisuflebisagan gaSmagebiT icavdnen~. 412
qorepiskoposis Tanamdeboba. qorepiskoposi Tavis Tavdapirveli SinaarsiT sofluri dasaxlebis, mxaris episkoposis
xelisuflebis gamtareblad gamodis, wa-
g. nadareiSvilis azriT, maSindel

mesxeTSi sasuliero pirebi, gansakuTrebiT, berebi, did Zalas warmoadgendnen,
arcTu iSviaTad, isini Tavis damoukideblobas saero xelisuflebis winaSe war-
narTa qorepiskoposma Cans, TandaTan, feodalizaciis procesis Sesabamisad miitaca saero xelisufleba, saero da sasuliero xelisuflebis erTi piris xelSi gaerTianebis aseTi tradicia ucxo
matebiT usvamdnen xazs. giorgi merCules

moTxrobili aqvs, Tu rogor SeZlo
kl ar je Ti s ud ab no Ta a rq im an dr it ma
ar aris saqarTvelos mTianeTis mosaxleobisaTvis. niSandoblivia, rom es tendencia xevis mosaxleobasac axasiaTebs,
grigol xanZTelma guaram mamfalis survilis winaaRmdeg arsenis kaTalikosad

datoveba. saba iSxneli bagrat kurapalatis mier weriliT dabarebuli, urCo-
rac amjerad gansakuTrebiT sainteresoa, radgan wanarTa Tavdapirveli sacxovrisi, rogorc cnobilia, swored am
raionSia sagulvebeli. wanarTa poli-
bas iCens da ar cxaddeba mis winaSe...
tikur eqspansias wanarTa qorepiskopo-
iv. javax iSvili, t. VI, 1982, gv. 89; 411 iv. javax iSvili, t. VI, 1982, gv. 9 0; 412 g. n adareiSv ili,
niko mari da qarT uli samarTlis istor iis sak iTxebi, 1989, gv. 17; 413 iqv e, gv. 92.
410
sis kaxeTis mmarTvel qorepiskoposad
414
131
dred. qarTuli eklesiis udidesi moZR-
transformacia mohyva Sedegad~.

sasuliero xelisufali qorepiskoposi
kaxeTSi gadaiqca uvrcelesi samefos
(samTavros) saero mmarTvel uzenaes
xelisuflad. Tumca, ukve IX s-saTvis,
vari grigol xanZTeli ase mimarTavs am

d in as t ii s f uZ e md e be ls - ` da vi T
winaswarmetyvelisa da uflisa mier cxebulisa Svilad wodebulo xelmwifeo,
mefoba da saTnoebanica misi dagimkvi-
rogorc fiqroben, mas daukargavs sasuliero funqcia da mxolod saero

darCenia. sasuliero xelisufali _ kaxeTis saero mTavrad gadaiqca. 415
dren qristeman RmerTman, romlisaTvisca amas mogaxseneb, ara moakldes mTavroba SvilTa SenTa da naTesavTa maTTa
qveyanaTa amaT ukunisamde JamTa, aramed
msgavseba, romelic ivane javaxiSvilma SeniSna, dasavlur (evropul) da

qarTul eklesiaTa Soris am mxriv saxezea, magram aqve isic unda aRiniSnos,
rom swored aRniSnul epoqaSi, anu VIIVIII ss-Si bizantieli imperatorebi da,
maSasadame, saero xelisufleba mwvaleblebi (ZiriTadad xatmebrZolebi) iyvnen,
devnidnen marTlmadidebel eklesias, amitomac bizantiaSi eklesia araTu saero
xelisuflebis SeTvisebis, piriqiT, devnis procesSi iyo. misi eklesiuri xelisuflebac ki dasustebuli iyo. piri-
iyvnen igini mtkiced ufro Ys kldeTa

myarTa da mTaTa saukuneTa da didebul
iyvnen ukunisamde~. 416 am formuliT bagrationma mefeebma (IX s-Si) Tavisi adgili
moipoves saeklesio samarTlis sferoSi.
qarTvel bagrationTa `qristes naTesaobisa~ da `daviTis Zeobis~ Sesaxeb
icodnen bizantiaSic, rogorc iuwyeba
konstantine porfirogeneti.
qarTuli doqtrinis Sesabamisad, saxelmwifo da saeklesio xelisuflebis wyaro ufalia, bagrationebi uflis cxebulis Svilad wodebulebi arian, eklesi-
qiT, saimperatoro xelisufleba cdilobda sasulieros miTvisebasa da masze

gabatonebas.
bizantiuri azrovnebis Tanaxmad, maTi
qveyana warmoadgenda imave romis imperias, xolo bizantieli imperatorebi
Zveli romaeli imperatorebis pirdapir
is Tavi ki ufalia. eklesia misi qveyniuri nawilia, aqedanaa qarTuli simfonia saxelmwifosa da eklesias Soris.
eklesia da saero xelisufleba saqarTveloSi simfoniur kavSirSi iyvnen.
saqarTvelos eklesia iyo damoukidebeli, avtokefaluri, mas ar hyavda e.w.
memkvidreebs, aqedan gamomdinare, maT

hqondaT uzenaesi uflebebi rogorc
saero, ise sasuliero xelisuflebis
mimarT, da hqondaT Sesabamisi titulaturac. aRsaniSnavia, rom saqarTveloSic
Seiqmna doqtrina, romlis mixedviTac
axali qarTuli samefo dinastia bagrationebisa (aRzevebuli Cans qarTuli
eklesiis xelSewyobiT) miiCneoda daviTis (israelis cxebuli mefis) memkvi-
kiriarqaluri eklesia, anu eklesia, romelsac igi emorCileboda, aqedan gamomdinare, misTvis ar idga saWiroeba romelime ucxo eklesiis patriarqs, krebaTa
dadgenilebas Tu sinods damorCileboda, aResrulebina maTi dadgenilebani,
Tumca ki, cxadia saqarTvelos eklesia
xelmZRvanelobda imave sjuliskanoniT,
romliTac marTlmadidebluri bizantiuri eklesiebi. saqarTvelos eklesiis
414
nar k. II, gv. 39 0;
415
iqve , gv. 39 5;
416
qre stomaTia, 194 6, gv. 110.
132
saeklesio kanonikuri samarTlis wyaros
lebrivi saqmis daviT kurapalatis
warmoadgenda sakuTari eklesiis krebaTa da mis meTaurTa dadgenilebani. 417

cxadia, saqarTvelos eklesias arc
erTi ucxo patriarqi da arc bizantiis i mp era to ri u gza vn id a s ag an ge bo
anderZis aRsasruleblad, rasac mohyva

bizantielTa mier samxreT saqarTvelos
okupacia, qarTulma eklesiam udidesi
winaaRmdegoba (Zalismieri samxedro)
gauwia momxvdureb s da imper atoris
sigelebs, mimarTuls qarTuli saeklesio sakiTxebisadmi.

ruis-urbnisis krebamde da mis Semdgomac qarTuli eklesiis saeklesio samarT-
winaaRmdeg samamulo oms Caudga saTaveSi, kerZod, qarTveli episkoposebi: saba

mtbevari da ezra anCeli. es ise moulodneli iyo, rom bizantiis umaRlesi
lis wyaros warmoadgenda saqarTvelos

saeklesio krebebi da sxva adgilobrivi
wyaroebi, dadgenilebani. amis dasturi
aris javaxeTSi mowveuli saeklesio kreba,
romelmac sruliad damoukideblad gadawyvita Cveni eklesiis iseTi mniSvnelovani saeklesio-kanonikuri sakiTxi, rogoricaa misi meTauris kaTalikosis gamorCeva da misi aRsaydreba.
rogorc cnobilia, bizantiis imperiaSi, bizantiuri samarTlebrivi Tvalsazrisis Sesabamisad, imperatorTa Zalaufleba vrceldeboda yvela marTlma-
wreebi (rogorc saero, ise sasuliero)

qarTuli eklesiis winaaRmdeg ganewyvnen
imdenad, rom qarTvelTa `marTlmadideblobaSic~ ki eWvi Seitanes, bizantiaSi
mcxovrebi qarTveli moqalaqeebisa da
gansakuTrebiT ki bizantiaSi arsebuli
qarTuli monastrebis berebis ukiduresi devna daiwyes (aTonis iverTa monasterSi, antioqiasa da sxvagan). 419
amJamindel saeklesio samarTalSi arsebobs orgvari Sefaseba TviTmpyrobeli
imperatoris rolisa. pirveli _ amJamad
ufro aRiarebuli Tvalsazrisis Tanax-
didebel xalxze, miT umetes TviTon

bizantiur eklesiebze. 418 saqarTveloSi
am bizantiur Tvalsazriss ar aRiarebdnen, marTalia, did pativs miagebdnen
bizantiis imperators, magram saqarTveloSi msgavsi uflebebi eniWeboda saqarTvelos mefesa da darbazis kars, romelic
mad, imperatorebis (ruseTSi mefeebis)

mier eklesiis meTauroba, Tuki aseTi
gamonaklisi arsebobda, miiCneva e.w. `cezaro-papizmad~ da miuReblad. meore Tvalsazriss aviTarebdnen revoluciamdeli
rusi samarTalmcodneebi (amJamad ki ZirTadad `sazRvargareTis rusuli eklesi-
(es ukanaskneli) scemda kidec, mematianeTa sityviT, eklesiaTa mimarT Sesabamis

wesebs (es sakiTxi Semdgom paragrafSia
ganx iluli) . saWir oebis S emTxve vaSi
qarTuli eklesia did winaaRmdegobas uwevda bizantiel imperatorebs. magaliTad, roca bizantiis imperatori basili
II bulgarTmmusvreli Semovida saqarTveloSi bizantiuri TvalsazrisiT samarT-
is~ Teologebi), romlis mixedviTac bizantiel da maT `memkvidre~ rus imperatorebs ekisrebodaT udidesi zedamdgomlobiTi uflebebi eklesiis mimarT.
bizantieli kanonistebi monarqis sakanonmdeblo uflebas Zalze afarToebdnen. oxrideli arqiepiskoposi dimitri
xomatini (XIII s.) werda _ ìmperatori,
romelic iwodeba da aris saeklesio
417
. , , 1994, . 99; 418 . , , . 105;

samo ciqulo ekles iis is toria, II, 19 98, gv . 177-194.
419
saqarTvelos
133
wesrigis umaRlesi mcveli, saeklesio
dabadebulTa. Sen warmavalTa amaT Jam-
krebaTa dadgenilebebze ufro maRla dgas,

da aZlevs maT Zalasa da amoqmedebis
Ta mefe xar, xolo qriste saukuno meufe

da sruli hgies ucvalebeli, uJamo, dau-
unars. igia winamZRoli saeklesio ierarqiisa, kanonmdebeli samRvdeloTa qcevebisa, mas ufleba aqvs gadawyvitos mit-
sabamo, dausrulebeli meufe angelozTa

da kacTa da ufrois Sensa jer ars
smena sityvaTa misTa!~ 422
ropolitTa, episkoposTa da samRvdeloTa Soris arsebuli kamaTi, da agreTve
kidev erTxel aRvniSnavT, balsamoni

saero xelmwifis (imperatoris) Sesaxeb
vakantur saepiskoposo adgilebze daniSnos. SeuZlia saepiskoposo kaTedrebis

amaRleba, aiyvanos episkoposebi mitropolitTa doneze. erTi sityviT, liturgiisa
da xeldasxmis uflebaTa garda, impera-
werda: ìmperatoris Zala da qmedeba

vrceldeba qveSevrdomTa sulebsa da sxeulebze, maSin roca patriarqi mxolod
sulieri meTauria~, qarTveli saba iSxneli episkoposis TvalsazrisiT, piriqiT
tori Tavis TavSi aerTianebs episkoposTa

yvela sxva upiratesobas, amitomac mis
xelmwife mxolod qveyniuri mefea, magram WeSmariti mefea qriste (e.i. misgan
dadgenilebebs kanonis Zala aqvT~. 420

balsamoni aseve aRiarebda imperatoris did uflebebs saeklesio saqmeTa
mimarT: ìmperatorebi, rogorc patriarqebi, pativcemuli unda iqnen wmida
mironiT cxebis gamo. aqedan gamomdinareobs ufleba imperatorebisa, aswavlon
qristian xalxs da mRvdelmTavarTa msgavsad
akmion eklesiaSi... imperatorTa Zala da
qmedeba vrceldeba qveSevrdomTa sulebsa da sxeulebze, maSin, roca patriarqi mxolod sulieri meTauria~. 421
saeklesio xelisufleba), romelic sulis

da xorcis (angelozTa da kacTa) meufea.
aqedan Cans, rom qarTuli saeklesio
samarTali memkvidrea pirvelqristianuli samociqulo eklesiis samarTlisa da
amitomac, ramdenadme TavisTavadia bizantiuris mimarT. aq, albaT, gasaTvaliswinebelia bizantiuri saxelmwifos
damokidebuleba eklesiis mimarT gansaxilvel xanaSi, kerZod, VIII-IX ss-Si. am
dros, rogorc cnobilia, bizantiuri eklesia dasustebuli iyo, imperatorebi
Tu balsamonis am azrs SevadarebT

gan saxi lveli epoq is m oRvaw e wm ida
grigol xanZTelis wiaRidan gamosuli
episkoposebis Tvalsazriss samefo xelisuflebis Sesaxeb, arsebiT sxvaobas
davinaxavT: VIII s-is meore naxevarsa
da IX s-is dasawyisSi iSxneli episkoposi bagrat kurapalats uSiSrad eubneba: `didebulo mefeo, Sen qveyanisa
xelmwife xar, xolo qriste zecisa da
Zir iTad ad xa tmebr Zole bi iy vnen da

SeuzRu davad cdil obdnen sae klesio
saqmeTa marTvas, maSin, roca qarTuli
eklesia SedarebiT gaZlierebuli iyo
arabTa mier qarTuli saxelmwifoebriobis moSla-dasustebis gamo. xatTayvanismcemluri qarTuli eklesia qveynis
qristiani mosaxleobisaTvis marTlwesrigisa da samarTlis kerad iqca. qarTuli eklesiis xelSi im droisaTvis Tavs
qveynisa da qvesknelTa. Sen naTesavTa

amaT mefe xar, xolo qriste yovelTa
iyrida ara mxolod sasuliero, aramed

nawilobriv saero xelisuflebac, ramac
. , , , , . 47-48, wignidan . ,
, . 35. Sdr .: saxe lmwifo ebrivi katexiz mo, Tb. , 1999 , gv. 17; 421 s. troickis dasax. naSr., gv.
47-4 8; 422 cxo vreba g rigol x anZTelisa, qr estomaT ia, 194 6, gv. 119.
420
134
asaxva pova qarTuli saeklesio samarT-
sazriss (eklogis winasityvaobaSi), rom
lis Zeglebzec gansaxilveli periodisa

(es sakiTxi ganxilulia qvemoT para-
igi (imperatori) memkvidrea petre mociqulisa da mas akisria misia mwyemsos
grafebSi `mwignobarTuxucesi~ da sxv.).

erT-erT aseT magaliTs, rogorc aRvniSneT, iZleva serapion zarzmelis cxovrebis
avtori: saero (samefo) xelisuflebis
uZlurebis gamo mravalwlovani dava,
romelic arsebobda samcxis samTavroSi
didebulTa Soris gadaWra mawyverelma
episkoposma giorgi Suartylelma, romelmac modave mxareebs mamulebi CamoarTva. am episkoposma `xelT idva ra gangeba samcxisa, daawynara yoveli sabrZanebeli Tvisi, viTarca wesi iyo, da daipyra
yoveli mamuli da eklesiani pirvelTa
maT meSfoTeTani... viTarca gardaxda weliwadi Svidad aRTvaluli, dascxres
da dadumnes yovelive SfoTni da uwesobani wmidisa amis mRvdelT-moZRvrisa
giorgis mier~. 423
maSasadame, saxelmwifo Zalauflebis moklebis gamo, adgilebze zogierTma qarTvelma episkoposma SeZlo Tavis
vrcel samTavroSi mSvidobisa da wesierebis damyareba ara mxolod eklesiaSi, aramed mTel mosaxleobaSi (es saki Tx i g a nx il u li a a q ve , p ar a gr a fS i
`qorepiskoposi~), rogorc aRiniSna, am
epoqaSi maSin, roca saqarTveloSi saeklesio Zalaufleba saeroze gavrcelda,
bizantiaSi, piriqiT, marTlmadidebluri
eklesia ukiduresad daaknina saxelmwifo
xelisuflebam xatmebrZoli imperatorebis nebiT. magaliTad, prof. n. suvorovi,
momxre saeklesio saqmeebze imperatoris
xelisuflebis cnobisa, erT-erT Zlier
istoriul argumentad miiCnevs xatmebrZoli imperatoris lev isavrosis Tval-
morwmuneTa samwyso. 42 4
v. cipini, romelic ar eTanxmeba n.
suvorovs, miiCnevs _ eklesiis istoriam
naTlad daamtkica, rom imperatoris xelisufleba ar warmoadgens im instituts, uromlisodac eklesias ar SeuZlia arseboba. v. cipins ara imperatori, aramed msoflio sayovelTao eklesiis episkopati miaCnia eklesiis miwieri nawilis meTaurad, 425 miuxedavad
amisa, fiqrobs, rom zogierTi bizantieli da rusi imperatoris mizidulobam
eklesiis mimarT, romelsac ar hqonda
arc ekleziologiuri da arc saeklesio
kanonikuri safuZveli, gamoiwvia nawilobrivi deformacia saeklesio wyobisa,
imis msgavsi, romelic hqonda rusul
eklesias sinodalur epoqaSi. 426
zemoaRniSnulis gamo, zogierTi marTlmadidebeli kanonisti bizantieli imperatorebis erT nawils adanaSaulebs
cezaro-papizmSi, anu saero uzenaesi xelisuflis (keisris) mier saeklesio saqmeTa marTvaSi. am mxriv, qarTul eklesiaSi, gansaxilvel epoqaSi, saeklesio samarTlis mxriv gadaxras adgili ar hqonia. cezaro-papizmi qarTuli azrovnebisaTvis ucxo iyo, Tumca ki qarTveli
mefeebi (iseve rogorc sxva marTlmadidebeli xalxebis xelmwifeebi), viTarca
mcvelebi da mfarvelebi eklesiisa, monawileobdnen yvela mniSvnelovan saeklesio saqmeSi, magaliTad, episkoposebis
samRvdelmTavro kaTedrebze daniSvnisas
(mag., giorgi mTawmidelis dros bagrat
IV), isini aseve saeklesio samarTalis
cxo vreba grigol xanZT elisa, qresto maTia, 1946, gv. 9 6; 424 . ,
, 5- . . 1913, . 40; 425 . . , . 200; 426 iqve, gv. 199.
423
135
dacvaze zrunavdnen (iwvevdnen da monaw-
yvela sabuTi sajarod, ismineba mxareebis
ileobdnen saeklesio krebebSi) _ es iyo

samarTlis sxva mxare, kerZod, ganxorcieleba bizantiaSive SemuSavebuli principisa eklesiasa da saxelmwifos Soris
`s imf oniu ri urT ier Tob isa~ . T umc a,
axsna-ganmarteba, iniSneba paeqroba, fasdeba damamtkicebeli sabuTebi. procesSi

monawileoben iuristebi _ `mecnierni sabWoTa saqmeTani~. dadgenileba eklesiis
mimarT sigelis saxiT mefem gamosca. Tumca,
rogorc aRiniSna, bizantiasa da ruseTSi eklesias da saxelmwifos Soris simfoniuri urTierToba zogjer irRveoda
saxelmwifos mier. imperatorebi iseT
sinamdvileSi, am sadavo sakiTxis gadasaWrelad mowveul saeklesio krebaSi

monawileobdnen rogorc misi samefos aRmosavleTis (aRmosavleT saqarTvelos,
kanonebsac scemdnen, romelnic ewinaaRmdegeboda saeklesio wyobas. 427 aseTi magaliTebi qarTuli eklesiisaTvis ucnobia. gansaxilvel periodSi CvenSi ara
xelmwifes uwodebdnen `gare episkoposs~
(Dytiybq tgbcrjg), aramed piriqiT, miiCnevdnen, rom episkoposi samarTlebrivad mefis swori iyo _ èpiskoposisa da
mefis saqme sworia~.
aRbuRas kanonebSi Sesuli cnobili
muxli _ `meore mefe episkoposi aris~
(aRb. kan. 102) _ ganekuTvneba Cvens gansaxilvel VIII-IX ss-s da bagrat kura-
zeda mamulebis), ise dasavleT saqarTvelos (qveda mamulebis) ierarqebi.

am dros Cveni eklesiis samarTlis
erT-erT wyarod, agreTve, ikveTeba eklesiis mamaTa ganmartebani, erTi aseTia
wmida eqvTime mTawmideli.
1906 w. peterburgis winasakrebo TaTbirze prof. almazovi amtkicebda, rom
saqarTvelos eklesiam Tavis droze avtokefalia miiRo politikuri nebiT, amitomac istoriulad misi gauqmebac aseve
politikuri nebiT ruseTis mier kanonikurad unda CaiTvaloso. eklesiaTa av-
palatis samarTals, rogorc es qvemoTaa ganxiluli. aqedanve unda iyos gadasuli vaxtangis kanonebSi `mefisa da
kaTalikosis saqme... orive swori aris~
(vaxt. kan. 25).
qarTuli saxelmwifoebrivi erTeulebis ganmtkicebis kvaldakval, qarTuli
tokefaliis uflebasTan dakavSirebiT,

saeklesio samarTlis mcodne v. cipini
wers: `Zvelad gamoiTqmoda xolme mcdari mosazreba imis Sesaxeb, rom avtokefalurad unda CaTvliliyo mxolod mociqulTa mier daarsebuli eklesiebi. papi
lev didi am safuZvelze dayrdnobiT saka-
eklesia saero xelisuflebis tvirTisagan TandaTan gaTavisuflda. mefe bagrat

IV (1027-1072) ukve TviTon xelmZRvanelobs sasamarTlo saeklesio krebas
opizisa da miZnaZoris samamulo davis
ganxilvisas. iRebs, usmens modave mxareebs, niSnavs saqmis garCevas, iwvevs
saTanado specialistebs, winaswar swavlobs saqmes, ixilavs sabuTebs da iwvevs
sasamarTlo sxdomas. procesze qveyndeba
maTod xdida konstantinopolis eklesiis avtokefalias. radganac miiCnevda, rom

is ar iyo daarsebuli mociqulebis mier,
xolo antioqiis sapatriarqo uaryofda
qarTuli eklesiis avtokefalias im istoriulad saeWvo faqtze dayrdnobiT,
rom mociqulTagan aravin yofila saqarTveloSi. amave dros, erTi mxriv, ueWvelad mociqulTa mier daarsebul zogierT eklesias arasodes hqonia avtoke-
427
v. cipini, dasax. naSr., gv. 35-36.
136
falia (magaliTad, korinTosa, Tesalon-
yofila. XIV s-Si dasavleT saqarTvelo-
ikisa), meore mxriv, arsebobs eklesiebi,

romelTa TviTmyofadoba yvelas mier aris
aRiarebuli, Tumca isini mociqulebs ar
dauarsebiaT. 42 8
saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefali-
Si warmoiqmna axali sakaTalikoso, rezidenciiT jer biWvinTaSi, Semdeg ki

quTaisSi. 1801 wels saqarTvelo SeerTebul iqna ruseTis imperiasTan, male,
1811 wels, uqmdeba saqarTvelos eklesiis
asTan dakavSirebiT v. cipini gamoTqvams

aseT mosazrebas: `wmida mociqulTa sworis ninos gavleniT axali sarwmunoeba
miiRo qarTvelTa mefe mirianma. sla-
avtokefaliac, kaTolikos anton II-is

mosasveneblad wasvlis Semdeg wmida sinodma saqarTveloSi daniSna egzarqosi.
1917 wels saqarTvelos eklesiam aRidg-
vuri eklesiebisagan gansxvavebiT, saqarTvelos eklesiis dedaeklesia iyo ara

konstantinopolis, aramed antioqiis
eklesia. 467 wels iveriis eklesiis
winamZRvarma, romelsac kaTedra mcxeTaSi
hqonda, miiRo antioqiis kaTedrisagan
kaTolikosis tituli. am tituliT iwodebodnen bizantiis imperiis aRmosavleTis
sazRvrebs iqiT myofi eklesiebis pirvelierarqebi. kaTolikosis pativis pirvelad xseneba gvxvdeba 410 wlidan. kaTolikosi maSin iyo babilonis selevskiis
episkoposi, romelic sparseTis eklesias
ina Tavis avtokefaluri statusi, romelic ar iqna cnobili arc ruseTis eklesiis adgilobrivi krebis mier (1917-1918
ww.) da arc axalarCeul patriarq wmida
tixonis mier. saqarTvelos eklesiis meTaurma miiRo kaTolikos-patriarqis tituli. kanonikuri urTierToba rusul da
qarTul eklesiaTa Soris aRdga 1943 w.~.429
msgavsad v. cipinisa da k. kekeliZisa, b. lominaZec miiCnevs, rom qarTulma eklesiam VIII s-Si ganimtkica, xolo
XI s-Si sabolood miiRo avtokefalia.
yvela am mkvlevarisaTvis dauZleveli
meTaurobda da Sedioda antioqiis arqiepiskoposis iurisdiqciaSi (romelic

mogvianebiT da amJamad iwodeba aRmosavleTis patriarqad), oRond Zalze farTo avtonomiis uflebiT, radganac bizantia-sparseTis sazRvrebze, TiTqmis
mudmivi omianobis gamo, sakaTalikosos
iy o XI s -i s m el qi ti be ri s, n ik on
SavmTelisa da efrem mcires mier mowodebuli cnoba, rom imperator konstantine kopronimes dros (741-775) ori
qarTveli beri mivida patriarq Teofilaqte antioqielTan (daaxl, 744-751).
ìsini Ciodnen, rom qarTvelebs aRar
kavSiri kaTedrasTan garTulebuli iyo.

kaTolikosebad agreTve iwodebodnen somxuri eklesiis patriarqebi, romelnic
msoflio marTlmadideblobas gamoeyvnen
qalkedonis krebis Semdeg. saqarTvelos
eklesiis kaTolikosebi, faqtobrivad VIII
s-is Suaxnebidan iqcnen TviTmyofad pirvelierarqebad, Tumca saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefalia arc antioqiasa da
arc konstantinopolSi aRiarebuli ar
hyavT kaTalikosi `rameTu dRiTgan netarisa anastasi mRvdelTmTavrisa (+610),

antioqieli patriarqisa, ara kurTxeul
ars maTda kaTolikosi mTavarepiskoposi
siZnelisaTvis gzisa, rameTu agarianTagan veravin ikadrebs svlad~. es cnoba,
rogorc garkveulia v. goilaZis mier,
Seexeba ara mcxeTis sakaTalikosos,
aramed dasavleT saqarTvelos im eklesias, romelic xatmebrZolur eresis gamo
428
. . , , 1994, . 204;
429
. . , , 1994, . 217.
137
cdilobda gamosvlas konstantinopolis
tanili qarTuli eklesiis mimarT, aramed
sapatriarqos iurisdiqciidan da kanon-
adgilobrivi (qarTuli) saeklesio krebaTa dadgenilebani da gadawyvetilebani,
ikuri gziT Tavisuflebis mopovebas. (Cven
am sakiTxs mravaljer vexebiT qvemoT

paragrafebSi: àntioqiis I saeklesio kreba~, `javaxeTis saeklesio kreba~ da sxva).
rogorc Cven garkveuli gvaqvs, Tavdapirvelad, mTargmnelTa, Semdeg ki mkvlevarTa Secdoma gamoiwvia iman, rom ucxoelebi ara mxolod aRmosavleT saqarTvelos, aramed dasavleT saqarTvelos eklesiasac uwodebdnen ìberiis eklesias~,
kerZod dasavleT saqarTvelos sakaTalikosos _ `qvemo iberiis saarqiepiskoposos~ uwodebdnen saukuneTa manZilze. 430
rogorc Cans, berZnul wyaroSi ewera,
rom antioqiaSi berebi Cavidnen iberiidan (igulisxmeboda `qvemo iberia~, anu
dasavleT saqarTvelo), mTargmnelma sityva ìberia~ `qarTlad~ Targmna, qarTlSi ki moiazres mcxeTis sakaTalikoso.
es sakiTxi ganxilulia Sesabamis paragrafebSi, amitomac am cnobis gamoyenebiT,
mtkiceba _ mcxeTis sakaTalikosos mier
VIII s-Si avtokefaliis mopovebis Sesaxeb
uadgiloa. rac Sexeeba XI s-s, aq
igulisxmeba giorgi mTawmidelis cnobili kamaTi antioqiis patriarqTan. (es
sakiTxi ganxilulia paragrafSi àntioqiis II saeklesio kreba~) . rogorc wyaroebis analizi aCvenebs, am dros qarTul
eklesias ar moupovebia avtokefalia, radganac misi TavisTavadoba, giorgi mTawmidelis sityviT, ukve saukuneebs iTvlida da aqedan gamomdinare, saqarTvelos
eklesiis samarTlis wyaros aRniSnul
periodSi (VI-XI ss.) warmoadgenda ara
ucxo sapatriarqoTa dadgenilebebi, gamo-
rogorc es Cans `javaxeTis krebisa~ da

sxva krebaTa magaliTiT.
ruis-urbnisis cnobil krebamde samarTlis mxriv eklesiaSi aseTi mdgomareoba yofila:
IX-X ss-Si, qarTuli saeklesio samarTlis Sesaxeb cnobebs gvawvdis bagrat
kurapalatis samarTlis wignis nawyvetebi, romelic SemorCenilia beqa-aRbugas
samarTalSi. i. doliZis TvalsazrisiT,
igi `miuTiTebs Tamar mefis wina periodze, roca mefe samRvdelobis winaSe
jer kidev uZluri iyo~. 431
i. doliZis azriT, XII s-mde saqarTvelos mefe `samRvdeloebis winaSe jer
kidev uZluri iyo~. qveyanaSi episkoposebsa da samRvdeloebas eWiraT gabatonebuli mdgomareoba. 431 i. doliZe mimoixilavs bagratis samarTlis cnobil
101, 102 da 103-e kanonebs da askvnis,
rom ès samive muxli iseT xanas unda
ekuTvnodes, roca samRvdeloeba saqarTveloS i srul i bato ni iyo da sa ero
mTavrobaze maRla eWira Tavi, ese igi
daviT aRmaSeneblis uwinaresi xanisa unda
iyos~. 432 kerZod, 102-e muxli aseTia _
`Tu mefe ebiskopozsa gauwyres gina
usamarTlod, gina samarTliTa xelTa
Sepyroba Y arca maSin moxdebis, amisaTvis rome meore mefe ebiskopozi aris
da qristianeTa sjulisa damamtkicebeli da ra Yca mefesa sjulisa saqme aqvs,
agre Seiwynarebs~. 433 saerTod, bagrat
kurapalatis samarTali `gaCenilia~ `pirvelad daviTian bagrat kurapalatisa da
aRmaSenebelTa mefeT-mefeTa brZanebiT~,
s aqarTv el os samociqul o e kle siis ist oria, t. II, g v.

samarTali, 1953, gv. 4 5; 432 iqve , gv. 450; 433 iqv e, gv. 47.
430
90;
431
i. dol iZe , Z ve li qar Tuli
138
magram es sakmarisi ar iyo samarTlis
olod erTi mefe hyavda da episkoposi
gamosacemad. amitomac iqve naTqvamia
`meore mefe~ ar iyo~. i. doliZe fiqrobs,

rom am samarTlis Semoqmedia bagrat IV,
`da mere episkoposTa, didebulTa da

aznaurTa da Wkuian kacTa mefeTa winaSe
erTbaSad gaCenili gangebiTa RmrTisa YTa~. 434 maSasadame, Tavis droze bagrat
kurapalatis samarTali SeumuSavebia
mefis winaSe Sekrebil krebas, es cxadia unda yofiliyo darbazoba episkoposebis, didebulebis, aznaurebisa da
Wkvian kacTa monawileobiT. am samarTalSi `samRvdeloebis privilegirebuli da maRali uflebrivi mdgomareoba
naTlad Cans samarTlis wignis sxva muxlebSic (105-108, 112, 121-122, 139 da
sxv.). es, i. doliZis azriT, miuTiTebs,
rom `bagratis samarTali~ erTi kanonmdeblis mieraa SemuSavebuli. muxlebi
erTmaneTTan ar arian Seusabamobasa da
winaaRmdegobaSi. aRsaniSnavia, rom iv.
javaxiSvilis azriT, es samarTali bagrat
I-s anda bagrat III-s unda ekuTvnodes.
i. doliZe gamoricxavs bagrat III-s,
radganac mis dros `saxelmwifos mx-
434
rasac ar eTanxmebian Tanamedrove mkvlevarebi, rogorc aRniSnulia, isini ufro

uWeren mxars bagrat I-s. bagrat I (826876) kurapalati iyo Ze mefe aSot I
didisa (kurapalatisa), romelTa drosac tao-klarjeTis `qarTvelTa samefoSi~ samRvdeloeba uZlieres Zalas warmoadgenda da, amave dros, iyo xelmwifis sayrdenic. swored eklesiis avtoritetidan amoizarda `qarTvelTa samefos~
Ta vda pi rve li
Zliereba,
r adgan ac
saqarTvelo daSlili qveyana iyo, Zveli

samefo dinastia farnavazian-xosroianebisa
damarcxebuli, xolo kuTxeebSi jer kidev
ar iyo saero xelisufleba fexmokidebuli. yovelivem asaxva hpova `bagrat kurapalatis~ samarTalSi. amiT unda aixsnas
is uCveulo movlena, rom saqarTveloSi
saeklesio iurisdiqcia saero saqmeebzec
vrceldeboda. iv. javaxiSvilis azriT,
`bizantiis gavlena qarTul mwerlobasa
da kulturaze XII s-Si daiwyo~.
i. doliZe , Zvel i qarT uli samarTali, 1953, gv. 335.
139

ruis-urbnisis krebis Semdeg (XII-XVIII ss.)
saqarTvelos eklesias, viTarca avtokefalurs, hqonda suverenuli sakanon-
SeiWras. miiCneva, rom es principi yvelaze uke-Taa Camoyalibebuli imperator
mdeblo saqmianobis ufleba Tavisi avtokefaliis sazRvrebSi, rasac axor-
iustinianes VI novelaSi: ùdidesi sikeTe,

romelic adamianebs RmerTis didi saxie-
cielebda kidec aTaswleulTa manZilze

ruis-urbnisis krebamde da mis Semdeg
XIX s-mde, avtokefaliis gauqmebamde.
saeklesio kanonmdeblobis adgilo-
rebiT mieniWaT _ mRvdloba da mefobaa,

romelTagan pirveli (e.i. saeklesio xelisufleba) saRmrTo saqmisaTvis zrunavs
da mas xelmZRvanelobs, xolo meore (sax-
briv organos, pirvel rigSi warmoad-
elmwifo xelisufleba) ki kacobriobi-
gendnen saeklesio krebebi.

saqarTvelos saeklesio krebebs, rogorc Cvenamde moRweuli masalebis ana-
saTvis, orive momdinareobs erTi da imave

wyarodan... Tu sasuliero mxare yovelives RvTisaTvis saTnod ganagebs, xolo
lizidan Cans (warmodgenilia qvemoT,

Sesabamis paragrafebSi), axasiaTebda gan-
saxelmwifo xelisufleba masze mindobil saxelmwifos samarTliT marTavs,
sakuTrebuli specifika, romelic unda

asaxavdes saqarTveloSi saeklesio da
maSin maT Soris yvelaferSi sruli Tanxmoba iqneba, rac kacobriobas sargebloba-
saxelmwifo xelisuflebaTa urTierTdamokidebulebas. rogorc cnobilia, ar-
sa da sikeTes moutans~. am principidan

gamomdinare, iustiniane Tavis noveleb-
sebobs am (saeklesio da saxelmwifo xelisuflebaTa) urTierTdamokidebulebis
Si sjulier wesebs saxelmwifo kanonis

Zalas aniWebda. am midgomis gamo saek-
sxva-dasxva sistema. maT Soris idealurad miiCneva simfoniuri damokidebule-
lesio da saero wesebi erTobliobaSi

zogjer mefis saxeliT gamoicemoda, ma-
ba. bizantiaSi, romelic etalons war-
gram damtkicebuli iyo saeklesio xe-
moadgenda qarTvelebisaTvis saeklesio
lisufalTa mier, es damaxasiaTebeli iyo
urTierTobaTa sferoSi, SemuSavebuli

iyo eklesiisa da saxelmwifos urTierTobis ZiriTadi principebi, romlebic imperiis saxelmwifo kanonebsa da sjulis
saqarTvelosaTvisac (amis Sesaxeb ixileT qvemoT, krebaTa ganxilvis dros).

iustinianemdec, IV-V ss-Si, romis
imperiaSi miiCneoda, rom saero da sa-
wesebSic iqna Setanili, isini aisaxa

wmida mamaTa nawerebSic. esaa eklesiisa
suliero xelisuflebas erTmaneTisaTvis

mxari unda daeWiraT, radganac erTis
da saxelmwifos simfoniis principi.

rogorc iTqva, simfoniis arsia urT-
warmatebiT meorec warmatebas miaRwevda, WeSmariti sarwmunoeba samarTliT
ierTTanamSromloba, urTierTdaxmareba,
erTmaneTis mimarT zrunva da pasuxismge-
gabrwyindeboda, saxelmwifo ki ayvavdeboda. miiCneoda, agreTve, rom orive es
bloba ise, rom erTi mxare meoris gansakuTrebuli kompetenciis sferoSi ar
xelisufleba gaerTianebuli unda yofiliyo zemoaRniSnuli miznis misaRwe-
140
vad, daculi unda yofiliyo saxelmwifo da saeklesio xelisuflebas Soris
urRvevi kavSiri _ RvTis gangebis ukeT
aRsrulebisa da xalxis samsaxurisaTvis:
`vinc erTisaTvis (saxelmwifosaTvis,
qveSevrdomebisaTvis) zrunavs, meorezec
(eklesiisaTvis, marTali sarwmunoebisaTvis) fiqrobs~. 435
rogorc qvemoT gamoCndeba, aRniSnuli simfoniuri kavSiri, Cans, Tavidanve,
ukve IV-V ss-danve daedo safuZvlad
saqarTveloSi saxelmwifosa da eklesias
Soris urTierTobas. amiT unda aixsnas
is araCveulebrivi garemoeba, rom zogjer
saqarTvelos saeklesio kreba imavdroulad warmoadgenda saxelmwifo darbazis
sxdomas, anda piriqiT, saxelmwifo darbazis sxdoma, Sesabamisi saeklesio sakiTxis ganxilvis dros, gadaiqceoda saeklesio krebad, romelsac gamohqonda saeklesio saxis dadgenilebani (es sakiTxi
ganxilulia qvemoT, Sesabamis calkeul
saeklesio krebaTa ganxilvisas).

saqarTvelos saeklesio krebebs, rogorc wesi, iwvevda mefe (rogorc bizantiaSi), Tumca ramdenime gamonaklisic
arsebobs. rogorc aRvniSneT, zogjer
saeklesio sakiTxebi ixileboda saxelmwifo darbazis mier. saxelmwifo darbazs, Cans, amis ufleba eniWeboda imis
gamo, rom igi Tavisi SemadgenlobiT gamoxatavda urRvev kavSirs _ mTlianobas
saxelmwifo da saeklesio xelisuflebas Soris. kerZod, darbazobisas `xelmwifis karis~ garda, ikribeboda qveynis
yvela nawilis episkopati (`zemo~ da
`qvemo~ mamulebidan~, anu aRmosavleT
da dasavleT saqarTvelodan), mniSvnelovani monastrebis winamZRvrebi, da cxa-
dia, saero xelisufleba. darbazobis
umTavresi birTvi iyo `xelmwifis kari~.
es ukanaskneli Semadgenlobis mxriv
agreTve gamoxatavda mTlianobas saero
da saeklesio xelisuflebisa, kerZod,
igi Sedgeboda mefisa da oTxi berisagan. es òTxi beri~ iyo: 1. kaTalikosi
qarTlisa, anu igive sruliad saqarTvelos patriarqi; 2. afxazeTis kaTalikosi; 3. mwignobarTuxucesi, igive Wyondideli episkoposi; 4. moZRvarT-moZRvari. es oTxi beri, Cans, sinamdvileSi
warmoadgenda mefis karze mudmivad moqmed saxelmwifo sabWos, romlis erTerTi wevri mwignobarTuxucesi _ ukve
namdvilad unda yofiliyo (yoveldRiurad) xelmwifis karze 436 da mefis saxeliT emarTa saxelmwifo saqmeebi, anu
Tanamedrove terminologiiT, rogorc es
garkveulia ivane javaxiSvilis mier _ igi
iyo premier-ministri, Tavmjdomare mTavrobisa (ixileT aqve, saqarTvelos eklesiis
mmarTveli ierarqia, `vazirTuxucesi~).
darbazobis sxdomas, rogorc aRiniSna, eswrebodnen: mefe, oTxi beri, uxuc e s e b i ( v e z i r e b i) , e p i s k o p o s e b i ,
winamZRvrebi, saqveyno xelisufalni. òTx
bers~ _ gansakuTrebuli ufleba hqonda
saqveyno da marTvis saqmeSi, imavdroulad, isini eklesiis mmarTvelebi iyvnen.
zemoaRniSnuliT unda yofiliyo gamowveuli Cveni mematianis mtkiceba `darbazis
karidan~ saeklesio `wesebis~ gamocemis
Sesaxeb: `monasterni da saepiskoposoni
da yovelni eklesiani wessa da rigsa
locvisasa da yovlisa saeklesio Y sa
gangebisas darbazis kariT miiRebdian,
viTarca kanonsa ucdomelsa da yovlad
Sveniersa da dawyobilsa, keTilwesierebasa locvisa da marxvisasa~. 437
v. c ipini, e kl e sia da s ax el mwifo , s aq . e kl . k al e ndar i, 199 9, gv . 146; 43 6 saq ar Tv e lo s

samo ciqulo eklesiis ist oria, t. II, gv. 254; 437 qar Tlis c xovreba, t. I, gv. 352.
435
SeiZleba iTqvas, mematianis am cnobas
adasturebs `xelmwifis karis garigebis~ avtori: `gelaTisagan kide saydarni
da sxvani monasterni da eklesiani, xucesni da monazonni da rac saeklesioni
dasni arian, yvela Wyondidelis da sawolis mwignobaris saxelosia~. 438 maSasadame, saeklesio dasi xelmwifis karidan imarTeba, magram ara saero xelisuflis, aramed sasuliero wodebis, magram qveynis mmarTveli xelisuflis _
Wyondidelis mier. am uflebas mas, Cans,
aZlevs òTxi beris~ sabWo. am gasocari
faqtis axsna SeiZleba niko maris sityviT _ `Zvel saqarTveloSi saero da
sasuliero Zalauflebis erToba warmoadgenda udavo faqts~.
Zvel saqarTveloSi saxelmwifo da
saeklesio xelisufleba gaerTianebuli
iyo, mis mier qveyana da eklesia erTi
Zalauflebrivi centridan erTiani ZalauflebiT imarTeboda. saero da sasuliero Zalauflebebis erT xelSi harmoniuli, simfoniuri Tavmoyra _ Zveli
qarTuli (ruis-urbnisis krebamdeli) naSTi unda yofiliyo. rogorc Cans, ruisurbnisis krebaze saxelmwifo xelisuflebam kanonieri saxe misca am ukve
arsebul faqts, mwignobarTuxuces-vazirTuxucesis Tanamdebobis dawesebiT, Tu
misi ZvelTaganve mopovebuli uflebis
aRiarebiT. n. maris azriT, mwignobarTuxuces-Wyondidelis, anu saxelmwifoSi mefis Semdeg meore saxelisuflebo
piris, Tanamdebobis daweseba unda yofiliyo saqarTveloSi odesRac arsebuli saero da sasuliero Zalauflebis
erT xelSi Tavmoyris tradiciis gviandeli gadmonaSTi, romlis minamsgavsia
xevisberobis instituti moxeveebSi (ix.
438
qar Tuli s amarTl is Zegl ebi, II, gv. 82.
141
qvemoT paragrafi `mwignobarTuxucesi~).

saxelmwifo xelisufleba, Cans, saqarTvelos gaerTianebis, anu XI s-is Semdeg
dainteresebuli iyo, mZlavri saeklesio
xelisufleba gaeerTianebina saxelmwifo
xelisuflebasTan da amiT erTiani xelisufleba mieRo. m. lorTqifaniZis,
iseve, rogorc zogadad qarTuli istoriografiis TvalsazrisiT, ruis-urbnisis krebis meSveobiT saxelmwifom daimorCila eklesia, imdenad, rom TviT darbazis karidan iRebda eklesia `wessa da
kanonebs~, romelnic ùcTomelad~ unda
miCneuliyo, aseTia interpretireba mematianis cnobili cnobisa, romelic zemoTaa motanili, magram `darbazis kari~,
TviTve warmoadgenda saeklesio organos garkveuli TvalsazrisiT, amitomac
mas ufleba hqonda gamoeca saeklesio
dadgenilebanic aRsasruleblad. maSasadame, yofiliyo saqarTvelos saeklesio
samarTlis wyaro, amitomac araa marTebuli azri, TiTqosda ruis-urbnisis krebam
eklesia daumorCila saxelmwifos.
saxelmwifo darbazobis saxe hqonda bagrat IV-s mier mowveul krebas,
romelmac saeklesio sakiTxi gaarCia
or monasters Soris. darbazobis sxdo mis saxe hqonda Wulevis saeklesio
krebas, romelzedac damtkicda saxelmwifoebrivi warmoSobis beqasa da aRbuRas kanonebi, romelTac krebam Tan
daurTo e.w. `kanonikuri samarTali~,
sakanonmdeblo saeklesio krebaze vaxtang VI-is mier moZiebuli `yovelni
wigni samarTlisanni~ damtkicda da mieca
qveyanaSi amoqmedebis ufleba.
vaxtangis mier moZiebuli samarTlis
wignebi, romelic safuZvlad daedo cnobil qarTul vaxtangis samarTals, Seaf-
142
asa da miiRo krebam, romelic Sedgebo-
mTieli mosaxleobisa gamowvlilviT See-
da kaTalikozisa da episkoposebisagan.
am krebas, rogorc saxelmwifo darba-
ZloT gaerCiaT saeklesio mTavrebs _

`sxva rac sasjulo sakiTxavi iyos, igi
zis sxdomas, mefesa da umaRles ierarqebTan erTad eswrebodnen didebulni,

darbaiselni. vaxtang VI-s, maTi `damowmeba da nebarTva~ esaWiroeboda, raTa
samarTlis Zveli da axali normebi amo-
kaTalikozman da ganaCenTa maT zeda ebiskoposTa maT hkiTxon~. 441 (es kreba ganxilulia qvemoT).
rogorc Cans, qarTuli saxelmwifoebrivi sistema, romelSic eklesiis vi-
qmedebuliyo, rogorc TviT es Zegli

aRniSnavs _ `damowmebiTa da nebadarT-
Tarca saxelmwifoebrvi sxeulisa da

erTeulis Tvisebebi aRiarebuli iyo,
viTa TvisTa kaTalikoz-episkopos da

didebul-darbaiselTa. 43 9
ufro adre, XIV s-is bolos Wule-
Tavis yvelaze ufro sruli saxiT warmoCnda XII s-Si, daviT aRmaSeneblis dros,
ruis-urbnisis krebis mier. daviTma Zir-
vis monasterSi Semdgar saeklesio kre-
iTadi saxelmwifo uwyebani (saSinao,
bas, anu rac igivea, adgilobriv saxelmwifo darbazs, rogorc aRvniSneT,

daumtkicebia beqa-aRbuRas samarTali,
romelic amis Semdeg gavrcelda rogorc
finansTa, nawilobriv samxedro) uSualod Caabara eklesiis ierarqs mwignobarTuxucess-Wyondidels, romelsac umaRlesi sasamarTlo-saajo karic eWira. igi
saeklesio da saqveyno moqmedi samarTali. am sxdomas, mTavar aRbuRasTan erTad, eswrebodnen mawyvereli episkoposi, safaris moZRvari, samcxis, taos,
iyo `vazirT upirvelesi, faqtobrivad

mefis moadgile, saxelmwifos mTeli marTva-gamgeobis namdvili saWeTmpyrobeli,
romelsac `karis garigeba~ mefis mamasac
SavSeTis da klarjeTis episkoposebi, meudabnoe berebi, moweseebi, agreTve, saero

xelisufalnic, romelTa erToblivi `mowmobiT~ krebam samarTali gamosca. 440 (es
ki uwodebs~. 442
es Tanamdeboba rom ara fiqtiuri,
aramed realuri iyo, Cans iqidanac, rom
XIII s-Si, roca òTx berTagan~, anu
krebebi ganxilulia qvemoT).

kidev ufro adre, XIV s-is dasawyisSi
(1335 w.) krebam, romelsac wmida meufe,
qarTlis kaTalikosi efTvime eswreboda
episkoposebTan, vezirebTan, mouravebTan
Temisa da Temis erisTavebTan, xevisberebTan, xevisTavebsa da herovanebTan erTad,
mefis giorgis brwyinvalis TavmjdomareobiT (esaa saxelmwifo darbazi) gamosca samarTali, marTalia ara saeklesio,
aramed ufro saero `msoflio~, magram
rogorc kreba aRniSnavs, igi iyo sasjulo saqmeTa Semcvelic. sasjulo saqme
saxelmwifo sabWos wevrTagan erT-erTma _ qarTlis kaTalikosma miqaelma xelT

igdo mwignobarTuxucesis Tanamdebobac,
aman Searyia Tamar mefis xelisufleba.
msgavsi moxda SemdgomSic, basili Wyondidelis dros. miqael kaTalikosi, misi
Wyondidel-mwignobarTuxucesobis dros,
niko berZeniSvilis TqmiT, `faqtiurad
gamge unda gamxadariyo samefosi~. 4 4 3
`miqaels viTarca erTdroulad eklesiis mesaWesa da amave dros vazirTa upirveless saxelmwifo xelisuflebis xelSi Cagdebac surda. mis daukiTxavad
qar Tuli samarTlis Zegleb i, 1963, t. 1, gv. 10 1; 440 qar Tuli samarTlis Zegleb i, 1963, t. 1, gv.
425; 441 iqve , gv. 40 2; 442 iv. javaxiSvili, t. VII, gv. 113; 443 n. berZen iSvili, t. IX, 1979 , gv. 198.
439
143
mefes araferi ar unda gaekeTebina, amit-
tori, maT Soris _ ruseTSic; anu iqm-
om miqaels, amieridan TviT mefezec ki

Zala da xelisufleba eqneboda... miqaeli
neboda iseTi viTareba, roca imperatori
saero-saxelmwifo da saeklesio xelisuflebis mqonebeli da gamaerTianebeli iyo...

es garemoeba saxelmwifosa da saero
cxovrebaSi aucileblad eklesiis gabatonebas moaswavebda... es saistorio mec-
saeklesio krebebzec maRla mdgomi, saeklesio saqmeTa gamgebeli iyo. aseTi viTareba saqarTveloSi warmoudgeneli iyo.
aq saeklesio xelisufleba ar iCrdileboda saxelmwifos mier, piriqiT, maT
Soris simfoniuri urTierTob a iyo.
nierebaSi wodebuls cezaro-papizms udrida da romis eklesiis uflebriv Semec-
rogorc aRiniSna, saeklesio xelisufleba

araTu uflebadakarguli iyo, aramed
nebas miemsgavseboda~. 44 4
Tamaris msgavsad, Tavisi ukiduresi
SeSfoTeba xelisuflebis moklebis Sesaxeb
zogjer, garkveuli gadaxrebis dros, mas
gamoxata laSa giorgis Ze mefe daviT-
sodes unebebia, ase rom, qarTuli ekle-
mac, roca basili Wyondidel-ujarmeli

gandidda imdenad, rom mefis magier (mefis daukiTxavad) moqmedebda. `TaTarTa
wylis Robeze `sibaze~ yovelwliurma
gamgzavrebam ulu daviTi Tavis saxelmwifos CamoaSora da am garemoebam vazirTa-upirvelesi damoukidebel da TviTneba
mbrZaneblad aqcia~. 445
maSasadame, mefis saxelmwifoSi aryofnis dros mis adgils, faqtobrivad, mwignobarTuxucesi iWerda, xolo òTx berTagan~ erT-erTis xelSi Tanamdebobis Tavmoyris dros mefis xelisufleba iryeoda. yovelive zemoaRniSnulis gamo, qarTuli samarTlebrivi sistemisaTvis ucxoa
bizantiuri ganmartebani, rom ìmperatori
(mefe) sakrebo dadgenilebebze maRla dgas,
aris saeklesio ierarqiis winamZRoli da
kanonmdebeli~ (dimitri xomatini, XIII s.).
aseTi bizantiuri uzenaesoba saimperatoro xelisuflebisa saeklesio xelisuflebaze, zogierTi kanonistis TvalsazrisiT, safuZvels iZleoda daedanaSaulebinaT, cezaro-papizmSi, ramdenime impera-
444
iv. javaxiSvili, t. VII, gv. 115;
445
saxelmwifo Zalauflebis Tavis xelSi

aRebac ki SeeZlo. magram mas es arasia samarTlis mxriv ar hgavda romauls,
romelmac saxelmwifo xelisuflebaze
Tavisi uzenaesoba ganaxorciela. qarTulma eklesiam TiTqmis XIX s-mde SeZlo
erovnul saxelmwifo xelisuflebasTan
simfoniuri Tanaarseboba. amitomac, marTalia, Cven gvaqvs saxelmwifo warmoSobis
saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebi, gamocemulni ZiriTadad xelmwifis (saqarTvelos mefis), anda saxelmwifo mTlianobis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi adgilobriv
mefe-mTavarTa mier, magram maTi damtkiceba, anu amoqmedebis ufleba eklesiis
ierarqTa xelSi iyo da maT mier xdeboda. saxelmwifosa da eklesias Soris
urTierToba mogvarebuli iyo, amitomac
aseT wyaroTa umetesoba (esaa sigelebi,
`dawerilebi~, `wesebi~, `wignebi~ da sxv.),
ZiriTadad, Seexeboda eklesiisaTvis gaweul daxmarebebsa da dawesebul SeRavaTebs, Tumca maTSi asaxulia is faqtic,
rom saeklesio iurisdiqcia saero saqmeebzec vrceldeboda.
iv. javax iSvili, t. VI, 1982, gv. 60.
144

qarTuli saxelmwifoebriobis gauqmebis periodebSi
mongolebis Semosevebma ara marto
gaaRataka saqarTvelos eklesia, aramed
moSala simfoniuri urTierToba iqamde
arsebul erovnul saxelmwifosa da eklesias Soris, Tumca ki mongolebi cdilobdnen daecvaT eklesiis xelSeuxebloba, misi qoneba, gaeTavisuflebinaT
sasuliero pirebi xarkisa da gadasaxadisagan. mongolTa Semosevebis Semdeg
saqarTveloSi kvlav aRdga Zveleburi
urTierTobani saxelmwifosa da eklesias Soris.
mongolTa xanas ganekuTvneba erTi
saintereso faqti saqarTvelos eklesiis samarTlis istoriidan, romelic miagavs dasavleTis eklesiaSi dafiqsirebul e.w. ìnterdiqts~. rogorc cnobilia, romis papebis mZlavri iaraRi saero
xelisuflebasTan brZolisas iyo interdiqti, romliTac ama Tu im qveyanaSi
RvTismsaxurebis Sesrulebas manamde krZalavda, sanam qveSevrdomebi papis mier
gankveTil TavianT monarqs ar Camoagdebdnen. msgavsi momxdara saqarTveloSic
ulu daviTis dros.
mongolTa mier `damtkicebulma~ xelmwifem, cxadia, Secvala iqamde arsebuli darbazobis wesi. axla ukve darbazi aRar gamoxatavda eklesiis interesebs, iq mongolebis interesebi ufro
iyo daculi. amis gamo eklesiis interesebi qveyanaSi swored darbazis erTerTi frTis mier ilaxeboda. kerZod,
saeklesio mamulebis mtaceblebs, romelTac winaT `dakrulviT~ sjida eklesia,
axla darbazis saxelmwifo aRmasrule446
qar T. samarT. Z egl., III, 164.
beli xelisufalni (amirspasalari, amirejibi, da sxv.) aqezebdnen. kerZod, iqamde arsebuli wesebiT: `samefo saxlisa
da palatis wesis~ Tanaxmad, `dakrulvili ~ piri s axelmwif os mier unda
`Serisxuliyo~, CamorTmeoda mamulebi da
ar unda `SeeSvaT laSqarSi~. amis nacvlad, aRniSnuli darbaislebi damkrulvels (e.i. saeklesio pirs) aiZulebdnen
krulvis axsnas, e.i. unarCunebdnen mtaceblebs mitacebul saeklesio qonebas.
qveyanaSi sxva uamravi Seviwroebac xdeboda sasuliero pirebisa. amis gamo 1263
wels Sekrebilma saeklesio sxdomam mefe
gaafrTxila _ àmisni mqnelni varT: arc
mironsa gavxsniT, saqarTvelosa eklesiaTa davbeW davT, x ucesTa davaye nebT
wirvisa, naTvlisa da samkvdroTa ziarebisagan~. 446 ra Sedegi unda mohyoloda
morwmune qristianTa qveyanaSi RvTismsaxurebis totalur akrZalvas? dasavleT evropaSi msgavs situaciaSi aRSfoTebuli mosaxleoba taxtidan Camoagdebda xolme xelmwifes, romelic amave
dros eklesiis mier iyo gankveTili. maSasadame, saqarTveloSic am qmedebas mefis
taxtidan Camogdeba unda mohyoloda
Sedegad. rogorc Cans, mongolebis drosac eklesias kvlav hqonda saxelmwifo
xelisuflebaze zemoqmedebis mZlavri iaraRi, rac aisaxa kidec saeklesio saqmeTa gamocemul ZeglisweraSi. es sakiTxi
ganxilulia qvemoT 1263 wlis saeklesio krebis gadmocemisas.
XVII s-is Semdeg, iranisa da osmaleTis agresiisa da qarTvelTa erovnul-
145
saxelmwifoebrivi cnobierebis dasuste-
16 42 wel i _ S ah- sef is fi rma ni
bis gamo, aRmosavleT saqarTvelo ira-
saqarTvelos saeklesio mamulebis mowesrigebis Sesaxeb: `...fadiSahuri SewynarebiT aRzevebulma kaTalikosma uwyodes... rostom xans... Seuwynarebia Tqveni qristiani meTauris, mesaWeTa Soris
nis xeldebul qveynad gadaiqca, mesxeTi

ki _ osmaleTisa. saeklesio saqmeebSi
iranis Sahebi da mmarTvelebi ereodnen,
romelnic zogjer gamoscemdnen kidec
Sesabamis sigelebs saqarTvelos saeklesio saqmeTa Sesaxeb, zogjer patriarqebis damtkicebis saqmeSic ereodnen.
XVII s-is dasawyisidan, beri egnataSvilis cnobiT, sparseTis moxelem
rostom mefe-xanma episkoposebs xelfasebi dauniSna _ `yovelTaTvis jamagiri ganuwesa~. 447
XVII s-dan, imis Semdeg, rac aRmosavleT sa qarTvelo iranis imperiis
sazRvrebSi moeqca, qarTlis kaTalikosis dadgenaSi saWiro gamxdara iranis
Sahis nebarTva. `1687 w. Sah-solomoni
swers firmanSi ioane kaTalikozs `radgan Tqveni wina moadgile (nikolozi) ar
daemorCila nazarali xans, igi ganvkveTeT da Tqven ioane dagadgineTo~. 448
`kaxeTSi saeklesio mamulebs dauwyes dataceba da ciloba, amis gamo 1707
wels `domenti kaTalikosi wavida yeenTan saCivlelad da misi wyalobis firmaniT kaxeTSi Cavida imam yuli xanTan
yarajalaSi, gaariga saqme da mivida
mcxeTaSi~. 4 49 `mouZlurda sjuli da
ganiryvna wesi saeklesio~. 450
òsmalTagan dapyrobis dros qarTuli eklesiis saqmeebSi ereoda osmalos
faSa. Tbilisis dapyrobis Semdeg, 1727
wels iases daxmarebiT besarion orbelians
mousyidia isay-faSa, `Seapara qrTami da
miiRo kaTalikozoba 1728 w.~. 451
rCeulis Txovna da vedreba, rom saeklesio (samlocvelo) saxlebi gadaeces

Tqveni keTilgonierebis gankargulebaSi,
raTa miRebuli (dadgenili) wesebis Sesabamisad ixarjebodes (Semosavali)~... 452
1684 w. _ àbas ziad-oRlis brZaneba
brma episkopos zaqariasaTvis gasamrjelos daniSvnis Sesaxeb. `gamovida maRali brZaneba masze, rom kaxeTis olqis
fuladi gamosavlebis mmarTvelma wlis
dasawyisidan Tanxa 4 Tavrizis Tumani
iuwyos yovelwliur gasamrjelod brma
episkopos zaqariasaTvis~... 453
1701 w. _ Sah-sulTan huseinis firmani nazaralis biZaSvilis evdemozis kaTalikosad damtkicebis Sesaxeb. `...ayvanilia
Cveni brZanebiT kaTalikosis xarisxze yofili kaTalikosis ioanes gardacvalebis
dRidan... saqarTvelos mcxovreblebma aRiaron qristianTa uwyebuli rCeuli ama
mxarisa damoukidebel kaTalikosad~. 454
`gamovida maRali brZaneba... kaTalikosis soflebisa da mxareebis gafantuli glexebi... romel kuTxeSic iyon,
Sekribon da daamkvidron TavianT sacxovrebel adgilebze... danarCen saqarTvelos miwa-wyalis qarTvelebma winaaRmdegoba ar gauwion mimofantuli glexebis TavianT àdgil-mamulisaken dabrunebaSi~. 45 5
`XVII s-is damdegs mcxeTaSi jariT
misuli Sah-abasi windebis amara Sevida
qar Tlis c xovreba, II, gv. 425; 448 Vw[tncrbt frns^ c& 238 $ 449 p. karbelaSvili, ierarqia, saq. ekl.
kale ndari, 1900, gv. 133; 450 qar Tlis c xovreba, II, gv. 425; 451 p. karbelaSvili, dasax. naSr., gv.
238; 452 m. xubua, saqarT velos muzeume bis sparsuli firmane bi da hoqmebi, 1949, gv. 10; 453 iqve , gv.
22; 454 iqv e, gv. 4 0; 455 iqv e, gv. 11.
447
146
sveticxovelSi, Tayvani sca mas, xolo
kosom~ SeinarCuna TavisTavadoba da
samRvdeloebas yvela mamulis xelSeuxebloba firmaniT daumtkica~. 456
arcerTi ucxoeli saxelmwifo mis kaTalikoss ar amtkicebda da xelfass ar
sparseTis Sahi nadiris 1742 wlis

firmanSi vkiTxulobT Semdegs: `wyalobiTa uzenaesi RmrTisaTa gamoica umaRlesi brZaneba: maRalxarisxovanma kaxeTis moadgilem Teimuraz xanma, qarTlisa
uxdida, cxadia, misi meTauri miiCneoda

ùfros, anu uxuces~ pirvelierarqad
aRmosavleT saqarTvelos pirvelierarqTan mimarTebisas (gansxvavebiT Zveli
saukuneebisagan). amis Sesaxeb cnobebs
da kaxeTis samRvdeloebasTan da TavadaznaurobasTan erTad, momaxsenes, rom
gvawvdian antioqieli da ierusalimeli

patriarqebi: XVII s-is ierusalimeli pa-
maTi kaTalikozi gardaicvala, xolo mis

adgilas aurCeviaT maRal-usamRvdeloesi nikolozi da mTxoven mis damtkice-
triarqi dosiTeosi wers: ìberiaSi ori

avtokefaluri arqiepiskoposia, romelTac
qarTvelebi uwodeben kaTalikosebs. qvemo
bas. maTi survilis Tanaxmad, vamtkiceb
iberia, romelsac Zvelad kolxeTs da
nikolozs kaTalikozis xarisxSi da am

wlis damdegidan vuniSnav, winandeli kaTalikozebis magaliTis mixedviT, jamagirs 1000 maneTs nadirisas, raTa igi
lazikas uwodebdnen, aqvs eparqiebi imereTSi, guriaSi, samegreloSi, afxazeTSi,

svaneTsa da mesxeTis nawilSi. es eparqiebi eqvemdebarebodnen konstantinopo-
aRasrulebdes am Tanamdebobas~... 457

ori wlis Semdeg kaTalikozi nikolozi gardaicvala da mis adgilze
arCeul iqna anton I. igive Sahi amtki-
lis saydars fasidis mitropolitis saSualebiT... herakle keisris Semdeg lev isavrosamde qvemo iberia ukve iyo
avtokefaluri saarqiepiskoposo... qvemo
cebs am kaTalikozsac da valad uwesebs:

`ganage Seni samwyso mandauri wesebisa
da CveulebaTa Tanaxmad, mcxovrebTa
sasiamovnod, xolo Tavadebs, didebulebsa
iberiis kaTalikosi pativiT ufro metia

zemo iberiis kaTalikosze... iberebi qvemo
iberiis kaTolikoss miiCneven ufrosad,
radgan mefe, e.i. imereTis Tavi, iwodeba
da xalxs brZanebas aZlevs: `miiReT igi

Tqvens kaTalikosad, samRvdeloebis Tavadad da yvela sasuliero saqmeSi ufrosad~. 45 7 1620-iani wlebidan qarTlkaxeTs mahmadiani mmarTvelebi marTavd-
mefeTa-mefed~. 45 8
aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi mahmadianebis batonobis dros, imereTis, anu qvemo
iberiis samefom da eklesiam SeinarCunes
Zveli damoukidebloba, amitomac `qvemo
nen, ramac saeklesio wyaroebsac Taviseburi saxe misca.

mTlianad gansxvavdeboda saeklesio
iberiis~ (afxazeTis) kaTalikosis pativi

ufro metad iqna aRiarebuli.
imaves wers meore ierusalimeli pa-
samarTlis wyaroebis mxriv dasavleT

saqarTvelos eklesia. aq kaTalikoss
kvla-vindeburad irCevda adgilobrivi
saeklesio kreba. radganac dasavleT
t ri ar q i qr i sa nT o a nu xr is a nf i _
`saqarTveloSi... arqiepiskoposi qvemo
iberiisa, iwodeba imereTis, oseTis, guriis da sruliad iberiis unetares kaTa-
saqarTvelom, anu àfxazeTis sakaTali-
likosad, rogorc ufrosi zemo iberiis
g. rogava, qrist ianuli religia da ek lesia s aqarTv eloSi, 1801-19 17 ww. , Tb., 1997 w. gv. 33;
. , c. 23 8; 458 saq arTvel os samo ciqulo eklesiis ist oria, II, gv. 90.
456
457
147
kaTalikosze, xolo meore, e.i. zemo
xelSi aiRes aRmosavleT saqarTvelos
iberiisa, iwodeba qarTlis, kaxeTis, albaneTis da sruliad zemo iberiis unetares kaTalikosad~. 459
imis g amo , ro m a Rmo savl eT
saqarTveloSi mahmadianebi batonobdnen,
xelisufleba, domenti IV gaemgzavra

stambolSi, sadac mas agreTve daumtkices mcxeTis saeklesio mamulebi (Tumca samSobloSi aRar gamouSves). erTi
sityviT, zogjer samarTlis wyaros mcx-
xolo dasavleT saqarTvelos mmarTveli

samefo zedafena kvlavac iyo qristianuli da eklesia marTuli sakuTari krebis mier, amitomac dasavleT saqarTve-
eTis sakaTalikososTvis (am droisaTvis)

da mpy rob elT a x elis ufl ebi s g ada wyvetilebani warmoadgenda.
iqamde, vaxtang VI-m moiwvia saekle-
los kaTalikosebi, zogjer `sruliad

saqarTvelos kaTalikozebs~ uwodebdnen
TavianT Tavs, magaliTad kaTalikosi
g r i g ol l o r T q i f an i Z e X V I I I s - i s
dasawyisSi: `grigol mwyemsi qristes mier
yovlisa saqarTvelo Ysa kaTalikozi~. 460
am droisaTvis aRmosavleT saqarTvelo ganixileboda viTarca iranis imperiis
Semadgeneli nawili, qarTlisa da kaxeTis `samefoebs~ marTaven iraneli moxeleebi, Tumca eTnikurad qarTvelebi,
konfesiurad ki _ gamahmadianebulebi.
am droisaTvis saeklesio mamulebi, gan-
sio kreba, romelmac àRadgina darRveuli

saeklesio samarTali~ (nazarali xanis
epoqaSi dairRva).
krebam gadaayena saero xelisuflebis mier dasmuli kaTalikosi da mcxeTis
kaTalikosad janiSinis Zma domenti airCia, rasac mcxeTis memamuleobis aRdgena mohyva. 1707 wels domenti kaTalikosma Sahis brZanebiT feodalebs minatacebi ukan daabrunebina~. 461 Tumca, cxadia, ZiriTadad, saeklesio samarTlis
wyaros kvlav adgilobrivi krebebi (`darbazis kari~) warmoadgenda.
sakuTrebiT ki kaxeTSi, mitacebuli iqna

saero xelisufalTa mier. amave dros
garkveul centridanul midrekilebas
amJ Ravne bda alave rdeli epi skopo si,
romelsac faqtobrivad emxrobodnen kaxeli episkoposebi. iranis xelisuflebis
mier sakaTalikoso taxtze damtkicebu-
`Tavisi samarTlis wigni vaxtangma

darbaiselTa (e.i. saero da saeklesio
maRali feodalebis) uSualo monawileobiT Seadgina~. 462
rogorc iTqva, kaTolikos-patriarqma domenti IV-m (1705-1741) imas miaRwia, rom 1710 wels kaxeTis mefes dav-
li (aseTi damtkiceba aucilebeli iyo)

kaTalikos-patriarqi domenti IV (17051741) am saqmeTa mosagvareblad gaemgzavra ispahanSi da miaRwia imas, rom iranis Sahma mcxeTis sakaTalikosos daumtkica kaxeTis saeklesio mamulebi. es iyo
didi gamarjveba mcxeTis sakaTalikoso
mTlianobis SesanarCuneblad, vaxtang VIis ruseTSi gadaxvewis Semdeg osmalebma
iT II-s (imamyuli xans) daawerina sakaTalikoso mamulebis mflobelobis simtkicis sigeli (domenti IV-m vaxtangis
iranSi yofnis dros scada samefo taxtis dakaveba!). 463
dampyrobTa neba Cvens saeklesio cxovrebazec moqmedebda imave doziT, rogorc
osmaleTis imperiaSi arsebul sxva marTlmadidebel sapatriarqoebze.
iqv e, gv . 9 1; 46 0 q ar Tuli samarTl is Z egl eb i, t . 197 0, III, g v. 67 5; 46 1 n . be rZe niSv il i,

`saq arTvelo s istor iis sak iTxebi, t. VI, 1973, gv. 285; 462 iqve , gv. 284; 463 qse, 3, gv. 614.
459
148
saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebi XVIII saukunis

meore naxevarSi
1745 wlidan qarTl-kaxeTis samefo
taxtze qristiani mefis kvlav asvlis
Semdeg (Teimuraz II, erekle II), mTavar
madianebis gabatonebis gamo es wonasworoba irRveoda, dasavleT saqarTveloSi

igi SenarCunebuli iyo da TviT XIX s-
saeklesio sakanonmdeblo organos kvlavindeburad adgilobrivi krebebi warmoadgendnen. magram, am dros, ukve mefeebisaTvis samagaliTo orientirad gadaiqca
Si rusuli mmarTvelobis damyarebis

drosac ki arsebobda. igi sabolood moiSala 1820-ian wlebSi, imereTis cnobili
`cerkovni buntis~ CaxSobis Semdeg. ma-
is damokidebuleba saxelmwifo da saeklesio xelisuflebas Soris, romelic im epoqis ruseTis imperiaSi arsebobda. kerZod,
galiTad, imis Semdeg, rac rusebma imereTidan gaaZeves mefe solomon II da

iq Seiyvanes saokupacio jarebi, aRmoa-
ruseTis msgavsad, saqarTveloSic Zalze

gaizarda saeklesio krebaTa dadgenilebebze mefeebis gavlena. magaliTad, anton I-is Sesaxeb cnobil krebas (175556 w.) mefe Teimurazi TviTon karnaxobda dadgenilebis saxes, Teimurazma da
ereklem krebis dadgenileba gamoaqvey-
Cines, rom imereTis mosaxleoba imarTeboda romeliRac centridan, romelic avtoritetuli iyo yvela fenisaTvis. Ziebam daadgina, rom arsebobda e.w. `saxe l mw i f o s a b Wo ~ , Se m d ga r i oT x i
mRvdelmTavrisa (e.i. oTxi berisa) da
didebulebisagan (es sabWo jer kidev
nes kidec piradi gadawyvetilebis saxiT. Tumca, antonis dabrunebis Semdeg

krebebma TiTqmis kvlav daibrunes Zveli
saxe (es sakiTxi ganxilulia Sesabamisi
krebebis ganxilvisas).
mefe solomon II-is qveyanaSi yofnisas

misi TanammarTveli iyo). Cven migvaCnia,
rom am sabWoSi Semavali oTxi mRvdelmTavari iyo gadmonaSTi qarTveli xelmwifis karze myofi òTxi berisa~, romel-
aRsaniSnavia, rom dasavleT saqarTvelos sakaTalikosoSi da, saerTod, dasavleT saqarTvelos samefosa da samTavroebSi damokidebuleba saxelmwifo da sasuliero xelisuflebas Soris kvlav
ic darbazis da qveynis mmarTvel birTvs

Seadgenda da gamoscemda dadgenilebebs
(ix. Sesabamisi krebis ganxilva). SesaZloa, rusebma xalxSi avtoritetuli
am òTxi beris~ gavleniT daakompleqtes
Zvel qarTul saxes inarCunebda, kerZod, Tu aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi mah-
saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kantora

òTxi wevriT~ (ix. qvemoT).
149
saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebi avtokefaliis gauqmebisas

XIX s-is dasawyisSi (1801 w.) ruse-
de), daavala saqarTvelos eklesias misi
Tis imperiam gaauqma saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrioba da misi nawilebi Tavis

SemadgenlobaSi Seiyvana. amas Sedegad
mohyva saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis gauqmeba da misi moqceva ruseTis
krebis daudgenlad edResaswaula ruseTis eklesiis wmidanTa dReebi, agzavnida saqarTvelos eklesiis mmarTvelad egzarqosebs da sxv. 465 qarTuli eklesiis
Serwyma rusulTan im dros kanonikurad
uwmidesi sinodis mmarTvelobaSi. profesor a. cagarelis azriT, saqarTvelos ruseTis mier aneqsirebis sakiTxi
s ae rT aS o ri so s a ma rT li s s fe ro s
ganekuTvneboda, xolo saqarTvelos ek-
ar momxdara, radganac es SeiZleboda

momxdariyo mxolod kanonikur safuZvelze, e.i. saqarTvelosa da ruseTis
eklesiaTa adgilobrivi krebebis gadawyvetilebiT, aRmosavleTis patriarqTa
lesiis daqvemdebareba uwmidesi sinodis

mier warmoadgenda saeklesio samarTlis
sakiTxs. am ori samarTlis ZiriTadi principebi arsebiTad gansxvavdeba erTmaneTisagan, maSasadame, saqarTvelos ruseTTan
e.w. SeerTebiT ar SeiZleboda gamarTleba misi avtokefalurobis gauqmebisa. amis
dasturiT, sinamdvileSi ki saqarTvelos

eklesiis avtokefalia gauqmebuli iqna
imperatoris neba-surviliT. jer kidev
18 09 wlis 6 ivniss saqarTvelos mTavarmarTebelma generalma tormasovma
ruseTis uwmidesi sinodis winaSe daayena sakiTxi saqarTvelos umaRlesi sa-
magaliTad a. cagarels mohyavda III msoflio krebis me-8 muxli, romelmac aseTi
daqvemdebareba ar dauSva, miuxedavad imisa, rom rogorc kviprosis eklesia, ise
antioqiis sapatriarqo erT, bizantiis
imperaSi mdebareobdnen teritoriulad. 464
n. durnovosa da qarTveli episko-
suliero sammarTvelo organos dikasteriis Seqmnis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kaTalikos-patriarq anton II-is daqvemdebarebaSi. sabolood, imperatoris gadawyvetilebiT kaTalikosi anton II 1810
wlis 3 noembers iZulebiT gagzavnes
ruseTSi (faqtobrivad dapatimrebuli,
posebis TvalsazrisiT, ruseTis uwmidesma

sinodma Caidina Semdegi saxis saeklesio ukanonoba: saqarTvelos eklesiis
radganac miuyenes rusi mcvelebi, romlebsac TiTqosda igi unda daecvaT, raTa
gzaze romelime batoniSvils ar moet-
dadgenilebebis da msoflio eklesiis

Tanxmobis gareSe gaauqma Zveli iveriis
sakaTalikoso, misi bolo kaTalikos-patriarqi ZaldatanebiT gaasaxla ucxo
qveyanaSi, saqarTvelos eklesias CamoarTva mamulebi, gaauqma saqarTvelos eklesiis adgilobrivi krebebi mTeli saukunis manZilze (avtokefaliis aRdgenam-
acna). 1811 wlis TebervalSi generalma

tormasovma sTxova uwmides sinods Tavis
egzarqosad saqarTveloSi, kaTalikos-patriarqis nacvlad, daeniSna arqiepiskoposi varlam erisTavi. am ukanasknelma
Seadgina `proeqti saqarTvelos eklesiis gardasaqmnelad~, romelic daamtkica
imperatorma aleqsandre I-ma 1811 wlis
464
. C , , 1912, . XXII;
rogava, qristianuli religia da eklesia saqar TveloSi, 1801-1917 ww. 1997 , gv. 111.
465
g.
150
30 ivniss. am proeqtis Tanaxmad, saqarTve-
los eparqiaSi. magaliTad, samegrelos
los eklesias saTaveSi unda Casdgomoda specialuri organo _ dikasteria,

romelSic mRvdelmTavrebTan erTad arqimandritebica da dekanozebic unda Sesuliyvnen. mcxeTisa da qarTlis mitropolits unda hqonoda uwmidesi sinodis
egzarqosis wodeba. varlam erisTavs
uboZes egzarqosoba da daumtkices ruseTis uwmidesi sinodis wevroba. 46 6 es
moxda imperatoris brZanebiT.
18 14 w li s 30 ag vi st os S ei qm na
saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kantora
ruseTis uwmidesi sinodis daqvemdebarebaSi. egzarqosi iwoda saqarTvelo-imereTis egzarqosad, igi iyo Tavmjdomare
kantorisa. amasTanave, quTaisSi Seiqmna
dikasteria imereTis, samegrelosa da
guriis eklesiebis samarTavad. 1810-1811
wlebisaTvis aRmosavleT saqar-TveloSi
iyo Semdegi eparqiebi: 1. mcxeTis; 2.
gaerTianebuli eparqiis mitropoliti

geronti papitaSvili (1859-1862) _ afx-
sionis anu Tbilisis; 3. samTavros; 4.

ruisis; 5. walkis; 6. samTavisis; 7.
urbnisis; 8. niqozis; 9. alaverdis; 10.
ninowmindis; 11. rusTavis; 12. nekresis;
13. bodbis. maTi gamgeblobis qveS iyo
799 eklesia, 7 arqiepiskoposi, 746
mRvdeli, 146 diakvani, 661 eklesiis momsaxure, 75 beri, 6 arqimandriti (qvabTaxevisa, SiomRvimisa, ikorTisa, daviT garejis ioane naTlismcemlisa, SuamTisa, largvisisa da Tirisa 467 ), imereTSi
iy o Se mdeg i ep arqi ebi : 1. quT aisi s;
2. gaenaTis; 3. xonis; 4. raWis _ 620
eklesiiTa da 15 monastriT, samegreloSi iyo 3 eparqia: 1. Wyondidis (martvilis); 2. caiSis; 3. cageris - 233 eklesiiT. guriaSi iyo erTi eparqia _
ozurgeTisa. afxazeTi Sedioda samegre-
azeTis episkoposi iyo.

saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodalur kantorasa da egzarqoss daevalaT SeemcirebinaT saqarTvelos samRvdeloebis
ricxvi, aRar moexdinaT axlebis kurTxeva, radganac imperiaSi miaCndaT, rom
maTi raodenoba isedac Zalze didi iyo.
aseve, Tavidanve miznad iyo dasaxuli
SeemcirebinaT saqarTveloSi saepiskoposoebis (eparqiebis) ricxvi. marTlac, saeklesio reformis Semdeg aRmosavleT
saqarTvelos 13 eparqia 2 eparqiad iqna
gaerTianebuli. imereTis 4 eparqia, 1819
wlis 19 noembris brZanebiT, 1 eparqiad
iqna gaerTianebuli, 1829 wlisaTvis
samegreloSi 3-is nacvlad 1 eparqia iqna
datovebuli, isic 18 74 w. gaauqmes, miuerTes imereTis kaTedras (samegrelos
episkoposs ewoda vikaruli episkoposi).
guriis (jumaTis) samitropolito 1833
wels SeuerTes imereTis eparqias. sxvadasxva wels sistematurad mimdinareobda eparqiaTa SeerTeba, gauqmeba da
kvlav aRdgena. 468
ruseTis saxelmwifo xazinaSi ruseTis imperiam gadaricxa saqarTvelos saeklesio miwebi, saerTo raodenobiT sul
539.649 desetina, agreTve, ruseTis saxazino uwyebas gadaeca saeklesio glexebi _ 15.147 komli. xazinisaTvis gadacem uli miwe bis f asi gani sazR vra
680.031.250 maneTad (faqtobriv Rirebulebaze naklebad). am mamulebis sakompensaciod saqarTvelos saegzarqosos
xazinida n yovelwliurad
106.000 maneTi. 46 9
eZleoda
g. rogava, qristianuli religia da eklesia saqarTveloSi, 1801-1917 ww. 1997, gv. 200; 467 iqve, gv.
21; 468 iqve, gv. 25; 469 m. TadumaZe, saeklesio glexebis socialur-ekonomikuri mdgomareoba saqarTveloSi
(XIX s. I naxevari). 1993, gv. 69.
466
151
saeklesio mamulebis saxazino fondSi
bul saqmeebs (egzarqatis farglebSi) da
gadasvlis procesma gaiara 3 safexuri.

pirvel safexurze, 1811 wlidan 18 41
wyvetda maT wevrebis saerTo TanxmobiT. uTanxmoebis SemTxvevaSi, gadascem-
wlamde, saeklesio aznaurebi TavianTi

yma-mamuliT gadairicxnen saxazino uwyebaSi, sekulariz aciis meore etapi
moicavda 1843-1852 wlebs da ewodeboda
_ ùZravi saeklesio mamulebis saxazi-
da uwmides sinods. 472

4. unda hyoloda uSualo meTvalyureobis qveS adgilobrivi berZnuli samRvdeloeba, nebismieri darRveva unda
ecnobebina sinodisaTvis, raTa mas Tavis
no uwyebaSi gadasvla~. mesame etapze,

1853-1869 wlebSi, yvela dasaxlebuli
mxriv euwyebina patriarqebisaTvis da,

saerTod, aRmosavleTis eklesiebisa da
Tu dausaxlebeli saeklesio miwa samudamod gadaeca saxazino mmarTvelobas,

kirionis azriT, amis sanacvlod sasuli-
monastrebis saqmeebze, romelnic Sediodnen egzarqatis sazRvrebSi, kontroli

unda daewesebina. 47 2 (igulisxmeba, rom
ero uwyebas eniSneboda yovelwliuri Se-
saqarTvelosa da kavkasiaSi aRmosavle-
mosavali 760.000 maneTi.

rogorc rusuli saeklesio-samoqalaqo
kanonmdebloba gvamcnobs, ruseTis uwmides sinods uSualod emorCileboda ori
Tis, e.i. antioqia-ierusalimis patriarqebs TavianTi eklesia-monastrebi da

mamulebi hqondaT).
5. kantoras evaleboda RvTismsaxurTa
si no da lur i kan to ra : m os kov is a da

saqarTvelo-imereTisa (Uhepbyj-Bvthtnbycrfz), saqarTvelos eparqiebisaTvis sinodis ganyofilebis movaleobas asruleb-
gasamarTleba da SeeZlo maTTvis danaSaulisaTvis wodebis CamorTmeva. 472

6. gascemda metrikul mowmobebs da
samRvdeloTa mier gacemulT amowmebda.
da `saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kantora~ egzarqosis meTaurobiT. irCevda

kandidatebs vakantur adgilebze da udgenda sinods dasamtkiceblad~.
7. mis gamgeblobaSi Sedioda qarTlkaxeTis (saqarTvelos), imereTisa da

samegrelos yvela saeklesio qoneba, misi
yvela SemosavliTa da gasavliT, amito-
1. saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodalur
kantoras Tavmjdomareobda saqarTvelos
egzarqosi. am kantoris wevrebs niSnavda uwmidesi sinodi. 471
2. egzarqosi iniSneboda umaRlesi
mac iRebda yvela mRvdelmTavrisagan

angariSebs eparqiaTa mixedviT da yovelwliurad amis Sesaxeb cnobas aZlevda
uwmides sinods. 472
8. saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri
(e.i. saimperatoro) brZanebulebiT, uwmidesi sinodis wevris wodebiT (1811 wlis

30 ivlisis da 1817 wlis 14 martis
kantoris kancelaria imyofeboda uwmidesi

sinodis oberprokuroris mier gamorCeuli
prokuroris uwyebaSi. 472
brZanebulebiT).
3. saqarTvelo-imereTis kantora, uwmidesi sinodis mier dakisrebul uSualo movaleobaTa garda, ixilavda agreTve
saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodalur kantoras ufro meti uflebamosileba hqonda,

vidre moskovisas.
saerTod, TviTon uwmidesi sinodi
eparqialuri mRvdelmTavrebisagan miRe-
dawesda gauqmebuli rusuli sapatri-
470
g. rogava, qrist ianuli religia da e klesia saqarT veloSi, 1997, gv. 28;
, , 1900, . 95; 472 iqve, gv. 95.
47 0
47 1
o -
152
arqo mmarTvelobis (1588-1700 ww.) sanacvlod, 1721 wels imperator petre Iis brZanebiT. uwmides sinods urTierToba ministrebsa da umaRles saero
pirebTan unda hqonoda sinodis oberprokuroris saSualebiT. ruseTSi patriarqobis Semdeg deformirebul iqna iqamde rusul saxelmwifosa da eklesias
Soris arsebuli simfonia. saxelmwifo
warmarTavda yovelgvar saeklesio saqmianobas, mkacrad akontrolebda saeklesio cxovrebas. krebebs aRar iwvevdnen.
maT nacvlad dadgenil iqna e.w. `mcire
kreba _ uwmidesi sinodi~, romelic gadaiqca saeklesio xelisuflebis umaRles
organod. amave dros uwmidesi sinodi
iyo saxelmwifo dawesebuleba, senatis,
saxelmwifo sabWos, anda ministrTa kabinetis msgavsad. sinodis yvela dadgenileba gamodioda tvifriT: `misi imperatorobiTi udidebulesobis brZanebiT~,
misi vizireba unda moexdina agreTve
sinodis oberprokurors. 473
rogorc aRiniSna, 1815 wlidan dikasteria quTaisSic unda daarsebuliyo,
magram Seqmnili viTarebis gamo rusulma xelisuflebam ver SeZlo dasavleT
gauqmeba. mas meTaurobda afxazTa kaTalikosis adgilze mjdomi mitropoliti
dosiTeos quTaTeli (wereTeli), romelsac 1798 wels solomon II-m uboZa kaTalikosoba, magram dosiTeosma faqtobrivad ar ineba am umaRlesi titulis miReba,
radganac surda saqarTvelos eklesiuri
gaerTianeba qarTlis kaTalikos-patriarqis erTmTavrobiT. qveynis politikuri
gaerTianebis momxre iyo gaenaTeli mitropoliti eqvTime (efTvime ServaSiZe,
guriis erisTavis Svili).
aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi saeklesio
qoneba aRweres da igi saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodalur kantoras dauqvemdebares. imereTSi rusebs eklesiis qonebis
aRwera xalxma ar daaneba, miuxedavad
egzarqos varlamisa da 1817 wlidan egzarqos Teofane rusanovis mcdelobisa.
imereTis saeklesio ajanyeba usastikes ad C aa x Sv es 18 20 w e ls . e kl es ii s
damoukideblobisaTvis mebrZoli mitropolit dosiTeos quTaTelis Sesaxeb
gaica brZaneba: `Tu cocxali igdeT xelT
_ mokaliT, magram misi cxedari mand ar
datovoT, saqarTvelos gareT unda davmarxoT~. dosiTeosi cemiT mokles tomaraSi xel-fexSekruli.
eqvTime gaenaTeli Seipyres da novgorodSi gadaasaxles . imereTis oTxi
saepiskoposo gauqmda da maT nacvlad
Seiqmna erTi eparqia _ 618 eklesiiT, 15
monastriT, 693 mRvdliT, 1.800 saeklesio glexis komliT, 130 saeklesio aznauris komliT, 186 saeklesio aznaurebis glexebis komliT, saeklesio qoneba
imarTeboda saeklesio mouravebis institutis mier. 474 `saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kantora saqarTvelos egzarqosis TavmjdomareobiT~ Sedgeboda oTxi
wevrisagan: 3 arqimanrditi da 1 dekanozi.775
saqarTvelos saegzarqosos umTavresi mizani iyo aTaswleulTa manZilze
dagrovili qarTuli saeklesio qonebis
gadacema ruseTis xazinisaTvis, rasac
miaRwies XIX s-is 50-ian wlebSi, amis
Semdeg umTavres orientirad daisaxa
qarTveli xalxis garuseba rusuli saeklesio mmarTvelobis meSveobiT. am epoqaSi rusuli eklesia da misi nawili
saqarTvelos saegzarqoso imperiuli
mmarTvelobis Semadgeneli erTeuli iyo.
o - , , 1900, . 111; 474 g. vaWriZe, imereTis droebiTi

mmar Tvelob a, 199 9 w. g v. 250 ; 47 5 . , , . 237- 238.
473
153
saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebi avtokefaliis aRdgenis Semdeg

1917 wlis krebebma (marti-seqtem-
istraciuli erTeuli `saqarTvelo~ ar
beri) aRadgina saqarTvelos eklesiis av-
arsebobda. qarTveli eris konsolidaci-
tokefalia, mas saTaveSi Caudga uwmidesi da unetaresi sruliad saqarTvelos

kaTalikos-patriarqi.
isaTvis am ueWvelad pirvelxarisxovan

problemas gansakuTrebuli yuradReba
miapyro 1904-1917 wlebSi Catarebulma
am krebebiT daiwyo axali periodi
uamravma, TiTqmis 100-ze metma saekle-
Cveni erisa da eklesiis cxovrebaSi,

kvlavindeburad aRdgenil iqna adgilo-
sio krebam, ufro metic, swored qarTuli eklesiis wiaRSi da masTan daaxloe-
brivi saeklesio krebebis, rogorc umaRlesi sakanonmdeblo organoebis mowve-
bul inteligentTa wreebSi Camoyalibda

axali idea, rom ruseTis imperiis wiaR-
va. 1917 wlidan 1995 wlis CaTvliT

krebaTa angariSebi mocemulia Sesabamis
adgilze. maT Soris aRsaniSnavia is
krebebi, romelTac gamosces `marTva-gam-
Si ara mxolod Camoyalibebuliyo administraciuli erTeuli `saqarTvelo~,

aramed mas hqonoda saxelmwifoebrivi
avtonomiac. saqarTvelos avtonomiis moT-
geobis debulebebi~. isini 1917, 1920,
xovnas sastikad ewinaaRmdegebodnen saqar-
1928, 1945, 1995 wlebSi gamoica.

miuxedavad amisa, saqarTvelos eklesias samarTlis sferoSi ukve aRar
TveloSi imJamad liderobis mqone socialisturi orientaciis partiebi, saqarTvelos damoukideblobis aRdgenis
eWira is adgili, romelic tradiciuli
Semdeg, 1918-1921 wlebSi arsebul sax-
iyo misTvis, vidre TiTqmis avtokefaliis gauqmebamde.

ruseTis wmida sinodisa da imperiis
elmwifos saTaveSi Caudgnen iqamde misi

Tavisuflebis mowinaaRmdege socialistebi (menSevikebi), amasTan, isini aRmoCnd-
saxelmwifo moxeleebisaTvisac ki cno-
nen mkveTrad gamoxatuli aTeisturi
bili iyo is faqti, rom XX s-is avtokefaluri moZraoba miznad isaxavda
orientaciisa (iseve, rogorc maTi Tanapartieli bolSevikebi ruseTSi), amis gamo
ara mxolod saeklesio damoukideblo-
moxda ise, rom sabWoTa ruseTis mier
bis aRdgenas, aramed mis saboloo mizans warmoadgenda saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebriobis aRdgena (`Tavisufal eklesias gverdiT amovuyenoT damoukidebeli
saqarTvelos okupaciamde (25.02.1921)

ramdenime dRiT adre xelisuflebam miiRo saqarTvelos konstitucia, romelSic mTlianad iyo ignorirebuli saqar-
saqarTvelo~ _ leonides sityvebia).

avtokefaluri moZraobis wiaRSi war-
Tvelos aTaswlovani samociqulo eklesia, ufro metic, saqarTvelos saxelm-
moiSva idea saqarTvelos administraciuli gaerTianebisa. saqme is iyo, rom
wifos Semqmneli mravalmilioniani qarTveli xalxis erovnuli sarwmunoeba mar-
imJamad arsebobda Tbilisisa da quTaisis guberniebi, soxumis, zaqaTalasa da
Tlmadidebloba gaTanabrebuli iyo qveyanaSi arsebul mcire samwysos mqone sxva-
baTumis okrugebi, magram erTiani admin-
dasxva konfesiebTan. ase, rom saqarTve-
154
los saxelmwifos Seqmnis erT-erTi ini-
XX s-is 90-ian wlebSi ssrk-is rRve-
ciatori da misTvis ideurad TavdadebiT mebrZoli qarTuli eklesia `gamoyves~
vis Sedegad kvlav warmoiSva damoukidebeli saqarTvelos saxelmwifo. samwux-
saxelmwifosagan. amiT mTlianad gadaWres eklesiis normaluri arsebobisa da

ganviTarebisaTvis saWiro ekonomikuri
arod, jerjerobiT ar Cans arsebiTi niSani

imisa, ro m si mf on iur i ur Ti er To ba
erovnul eklesiasa da erovnul saxelmwifos Soris, romelic damaxasiaTebeli iyo Zvel saqarTvelosaTvis, kv-
ZarRvi. qarTuli eklesia kerZo organizaciad gadaiqca. amgvar qmedebebs Sedegad mohyva qveyanaSi erovnul-patriotuli suliskveTebis dacema, nihilizmi,
ramac gauadvila ruseTs saqarTvelos
xelmeore okupacia da aneqsireba 1921
wels, Camoyalibda axali urTierToba
eklesiasa da saxelmwifos Soris. XX
s-Si arsebul am urTierTobas kargad
gamoxatavs `saqarTvelos sabWoTa socialisturi respublikis kanonmdebloba
eklesiis Sesaxeb~, kerZod, misi me-11
muxlis Tanaxmad èklesia CamoSorebulia saxelmwifos, skola _ eklesias~.
1921 wlis 15 aprils dekretis `saxelmwifos eklesiisa da eklesiisagan skolis gamoyofis Sesaxeb~ me-14 muxlis Tanaxmad, `saeklesio da religiur sazogadoebebs ara aqvT neba kerZo sakuTrebis flobisa, agreTve iuridiuli pirovnebebis
uflebasac moklebulni arian~. msgavsia
am dekretis yvela muxli, sinamdvileSi, eklesiaze uxeSad zemoqmedebda sa-.
xelmwifo Tavisi damsjeli manqanis
meSveobiT, romlis erT xilul nawils
XX s-is meore naxevarSi `religiur
saqmeTa rwmunebulis aparati~ ewoda.
lav aRdges, rom eklesia ar iyos kanonmdeblobiT gamoyofili saxelmwifoebrivsaqveyno cxovrebidan. arc im faqts
eqceva yuradReba, rom msoflios umravles demokratiul qveynebSi arseboben
èrovnuli~, `saxalxo~ saxelmwifoebrivi statusis mqone eklesiebi, romelTac miniWebuli aqvT ufleba kurirebdnen aRzrda-ganaTlebisa da socialur
sistemebs, yuradReba miapyron xalxis
moralur-zneobrivi saxis gaumjobesebas. risTvisac eZlevaT Sesabamisi subsidiebi, imedia, es mdgomareoba CvenSic
gaumjobesdeba.
am mxriv did imeds gvisaxavs 2002
wlis 14 oqtombers saqarTvelos uwmidesi da unetaresi kaTolikos-patriarqis ilia II-isa da saqarTvelos prezidentis mier xelmowerili `konstituciuri SeTanxmeba saqarTvelos saxelmwifosa da saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis avtokefalur marTlmadidebel eklesias Soris~. es dokumenti damtkicebulia parlamentisa da wmida sinodis
mier da amJamad ZalaSia Sesuli.
naw ili
me o r e
saqarTvelos eklesiis
sakanon mdeb lo
kreb eb i
155
156
157
ruis-urbnisis saeklesio kreba (1103-1104)

ruis-urbnisis cnobil saeklesio krebas mravali gamokvleva miuZRvnes gamoCenilma qarTvelma mecnierebma. ivane javaxiSvilis azriT, igi `Cveulebrivi, morigi
kreba ki ara, aramed sagangebo da gansakuTrebuli yriloba yofila~. 476
unda aRiniSnos, rom e. gabiZaSvili
krebis mowvevis TariRad miiCnevs 1105
wels. 477 tradiciuli TvalsazrisiT, es
kreba 1103 wels moiwvia daviT aRmaSenebelma. r. metrevelis mixedviT, kreba
mowveul iqna 1104 wels. 478 1103 wliT
krebis daTariRebas xels TiTqosda is
uSlis, rom krebis Zegliswera asea dasaTaurebuli: `Zegliswera wmidisa da RmrTivSekrebulisa krebisa~, romeli Semokrba brZanebiTa keTilad msaxurisa da
RmrTiv dacvulisa mefisa Cuenisa daviT
afxazTa da qarTvelTa, ranTa da kaxTa
mefisa YTa, pirTaT Ks, romelni quemo mo Psenebul arian~. 479 miRebuli TvalsazrisiT
ki, 1103 wlisaTvis kaxeT-hereTi mefes
mierTebuli ar hqonda, maSasadame, arc
Sesabamisi tituli gaaCnda, magram am
Zeglisweris dasaTaureba SeiZleba gviani periodis iyos. saerTod ki, k. kekeliZis azriT, `Zegliswera~ metad sayuradRebo naSTia qarTuli iuridiuli mwerlobisa da ara marto qarTulis, aramed
sazogadoisac, ramdenadac imaSi aRibeWda
sazogado saeklesio-iuridiuli normebi~.480
Zegliswera iwyeba saRvTismetyvelo
vrceli SesavliT. saqarTveloSi qristianobis gavrcelebis Sesaxeb masSi gadmocemulia fundamenturi Tvalsazrisi,
rom andria mociqulma mxolod dasav-
leT, anda samxreT saqarTveloSi ki ar

iqadaga, aramed `mTel saqarTveloSi~ da
mis dros ara qarTvelTa erTma jgufma
miiRo qristianoba qveynis romelime kuTxeSi _ aramed mTeli qarTveli eris umetesobam. II-III ss-Si qristianoba idevneboda da qristianTa ricxvic Semcirda,
amitomac saWiro Seiqna wmida ninos qadageba, samefo saxlis moqceva. Zegliswera
yuradRebas miapyrobs, rom wm. ninom
mxolod aRmosavleT saqarTvelo ki ar
gaanaTla, aramed sruliad saqarTvelo,
mTeli qarTveli eri. Tu raoden didmniSvnelovania aseTi Tvalsazrisi, iqidanac Cans, rom dResac ki wm. ninos aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi moRvawed da mefe
mirians aRmosavleT saqarTvelos mefed
miiCneven, Zeglisweris mixedviT ki mefe
miriani sruliad saqarTvelos mefe iyo
da mis dros rogorc dasavleTma, ise
aRmosavleT saqarTvelom erTdroulad
miiRo qristianoba. ase rom, XI-XII ssTa saqarTveloSi erovnuli TviTSemecneba, erisa da qveynis sulieri mTlianobis
Segneba gacilebiT ufro maRal doneze
idga, vidre Semdgom, dRevandel dRemde. Sesabamisi teqsti aseTia: `...pirvelwodebuli andria, Zma Tavisa mociqulTa Ysa petresi, vidre Cvendamdeca moiwia da qadaga sacxorebeli qadageba saxarebisa yovelsa qveyanasa saqarTvelo Ysasa da uricxvni simravleni erTani ganaSora sacdurisagan... umravlesman erman
qarTlisaman simravlesa Sina Jamisasa daiviwya qadageba Y igi mociqulTa Y da sacTurisave mimarT kerpTa Y sa miaqcia~. 481
iv. javax iSvili, Txzul ebani, t. VI, 1982, gv. 54; 47 7 e. gabiZaSvili, ruis-urbnisis saekl esio
kreb a, jvari vazisa, 19 89, #1, gv. 58; 47 8 qse , 8, g v. 468; 47 9 `didi sjul iskanon i~, 197 5, gv. 543;
480
k. kekeliZe, Zv eli qar Tuli l iteraturis is toria, 1980, t. 1, gv. 57 1; 481 `didi sjul iskano ni~,
1975, gv. 545.
47 6
158
amitomac, RmerTma mogvivlina wmida nino,

romelmac `sarwmunoebasa mimarT T Ksisa
miizida yoveli savseba Y yovlisa qarTvelTa naTesavisa Y~. 482 mis qadagebaTa Semdgom
qarTvelTa mefem mirianma konstantine didis nebiT mcxeTaSi Camoiyvana antioqieli patriarqi evstaTi: `wmidaTa mier
xelTa misTa naTel-iRo man da yovelman
erman qarTlisaman~. 482 rogorc aRvniSneT, teqstSi xazgasmulia mTeli qarTveli
erisa da mTeli saqarTvelos erTdrouli gaqristianeba Savi zRvidan somxeTalbaneTamde. aRsaniSnavia, rom es wyaro
`saqarTvelos~ uwodebs mTel qarTvelTa qveyanas, rogorc mociqulTa, ise wm.
ninos dros. amJamad ki zogierTi mkvlevari krZalavs sityva `saqarTvelos~ moxseniebas XI s-mde. maTi mtkicebiT, es
termini TiTqosda mxolod XI s-Si gaCnda da amitomac mxolod mis Semdeg unda
iqnes gamoyenebuli istoriuli faqtebis
gadmocemisas. rogorc aRiniSna, ruis-urbnisis Zegliswera mociqulTa da wm. ninos droindel qarTvelTa qveyanas rogorc
dasavleT, ise aRmosavleT nawilebs
`saqarTvelos~ uwodebs. amitomac CvenTvis
swored Zeglisweris midgoma unda iyos
arsebiTi da ara aRniSnuli mkvlevarebisa, amitomac `saqarTvelo~ unda vuwodoT
qarTvelTa qveyanas XI s-mdec.
aRsaniSnavia meore terminologiuri
midgomac. amJamad miCneulia, rom qarTuli
eklesiis meTaurs `kaTolikosi~ ewodeba
V s-is Semdeg da am sityvasTan akavSireben qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis mopovebas, magram ruis-urbnisis krebis Zegliswera `kaTalikoss~ uwodebs
qarTuli eklesiis pirvelive meTaurs IV
s-Si. antioqielma evstaTim pirveli
qarTuli eklesiis aSenebis Semdeg, `xe`didi sjuliskan oni~, 1975, gv. 54 6;
ekle siis k alendar i, 1987 , gv. 466.
482
483
ldasxmul-yo mas Sina maTTvis episkoposi-kaTolikosi~. 483 aseve efrem mcirec

`kaTalikoss~ uwodebs qarTuli eklesiis pirvel meTaurs IV s-Si. marTlac,
IV s-Si qristianobis saxelmwifoebrivi
aRiareba da mTeli qveynis momcveli
qarTuli eklesiis organizeba, misi mkacri
ierarqiuli struqturidan gamomdinare,
swored imas gulisxmobda, rom mefis
qalaqSi mjdomi episkoposi iqca qveynis
sayovelTao ierarqad, sayovelTao episkoposad, romelsac unda daqvemdebarebodnen qveynis provinciaTa episkoposebi.
`kaTalikosi~ swored sayovelTao episkoposs erqva berZnulad, amitomac Tuki
qristianoba namdvilad saerTo-saxalxo
sarwmunoebad iqca IV s-Si da imave dros
organizebul iqna qarTuli eklesia, mis
pirvel mRvdelmTavars sayovelTao sasuliero Zalaufleba unda gaevrcelebina
kidec mTel qveyanaze. qarTuli eklesiis meTauris dadgenis cnobis mowodebis
Semdeg, `Zegliswera~ exeba msoflio
krebaTa kanonebs, gadmoscems maT da
agreTve eklesiis wmida mamaTa mier
gamocemul kanonebsac. kerZod, ruis-urbnisis kreba aRiarebs Svidi msoflio krebis, adgilobrivi krebebisa da mamaTa
mier mocemul kanonebs, ès aris wmida
da saeklesio kanonTa krebuli, dabeWdili da Senaxuli yovelgvari Sematebisa
da moklebis gareSe. amaTi codna, miyola da mtkiced pyroba marTebs yvela
qristianul madideblobis winamZRvar
mRvdelmTavars, mRvdlebsa da diakvnebs,
Cven Soris moZRvrad saxeldebul monazvnebs da mTlianad da sruliad marTlmadidebelT eklesias~. 484
amis Semdeg `Zegliswera~ gadmoscems
macxovris qveynad mosvlis mizezebsa da
iqve , gv. 54 6;
484
`didi sjuliskan oni, s aqarTv elos
159
mniSvnelobas, Tu rogor `mogveca pirvelad bunebiTi da merme dawerili rjuli~. aRwers, Tu ra didi mniSvneloba
aqvs `qristesmoyvare eris sasuliero
dasTan erTxmobas~, rom àmisTvis iqna
qristesmoyvare da RvTivdaculi mefeebis mier RvTismoyvare episkoposebis da
RvTis saTnomyofeli mamebis krebebis
mowveva drodadro, rom saqmiT srulyofili sarwmunoebiT RmerTTan SeaerTon
qristianebi~, 385 rom maTi magaliTisamebr daviT aRmaSenebelma gadawyvita moewvia
saeklesio kreba. iqve kidev erTxel xazgasmiT aRiniSna, rom kreba sarwmunoebrivi sakiTxebis ganxilvas ar eZRvneboda, radganac qarTvelTa sarwmunoeba
ubiwo iyo warsulSi da arc arasodes
raime biwi ar Sexebia. maSasadame, kreba
Sedga saeklesio tradiciis Sesabamisad, rogorc warsulSi RvTismoyvare mefeebi iwvevdnen krebebs.
àmitom Seikriba RvTismoyvare episkoposTa, patiosan mRvdelTa, Rirs diakvanTa, qristesmoyvare monazonTa, dayudebulTa da meudabnoeTa kreba qarTlis
midamoebSi, or axlos mdebare saepiskoposoSi ruissa da urbnisSi. qarTvelTa
ubiwo sarwmunoebas raime biwi ar Sexebia, es RmerTma nu qnas! ar gecruvnebiT
Sen, Cveni siwmidiT mSobelo wmida kaTolike eklesiav, arca gagcemT Sen Cveno
siamayev marTlmadideblobav, romlisaTvisac arasodes gviRalatia, rac misi
Secnobis Rirsni gavxdiT, da risi mowmec WeSmaritebaa. es Sekreba moxda sxva,
saeklesio, samRvdelo da saqristiano
sakiTxebis ZiebisaTvis~. 485
àra gecruvnebiT Sen, siwmidiT mSobelo Cveno kaTolike eklesiao, arca

gangceT Sen, siqadulo Cveno marTlmadideblobao~. 486 krebas Tavmjdomareobda `yovlisa saqarTvelo Ysa didi mamamTavari (e.i. patriarqi) yovlad Rirsi mTavarepiskoposi-kaTalikosi~ ioane, e.i. ioane iyo patriarqi (mamamTavari), kaTalikosi da mTavarepiskoposi.
krebam Tavis mier gamocemuli kanonebis 1-li muxliT gankveTa uRirsi episkop os eb i, ro ml eb ic `R ir se u la d ve r
atarebdnen mRvdelmTavris pativs~. isini krebas arc wyevliT `Seukravs~ da
arc SeuCvenebia, aramed misca eriskacebTan erTad ziarebis neba. isini unda
yofiliyvnen mefis mowinaaRmdege episkoposebi. maT nacvlad SeirCnen sxvebi _
àsakiTac da saqmiTac sarwmunoni~.
krebis kanonebis me-2 muxlic episkoposTa asaks Seexeba, rom araa saWiro
maTi kurTxevis dros sulmokleoba da
aCqareba. dadginda: episko posi xeldasxmul iqnes 35 wlisa, mRvdeli 30
wlisa, diakvani 25 wlisa, wignismkiTxveli 8 wlisa (e. gabiZaSvilis mixedviT
ara 8, aramed 18 wlisa).
me-3 muxliT aikrZala uwesoba, roca
vinme erTsa da imave dRes iRebda xeldasxmas wignismkiTxvelad, ipodiakvnad,
diakvnad da episkoposadac. Tu raime saWiro
mizezi ar aris asaCqareblad, kandidatebma
`weli da wlebi unda dayon TiToeul
xarisxSi, ufro metad diakvnobaSi~.*
me-4 muxliT eklesiebSi gamosayeneblad dakanonda giorgi mTawmidelis mier
Targmnili `didi kurTxevani~.
me-5 muxliT aikrZala meqrTameoba xeldasxmisas (simonia). damnaSave ganikveTeboda.
* SeniSvna: muxlebs vixilavT e. gabiZaSvilis dayofis mixedviT

`didi sjul iskanon i, saq arTvelo s ekles iis kal endari, 1987, gv. 467;
1975, gv. 549.
485
486
`didi sjul iskano ni~,
160
me-6 muxliT aikrZala nivTebis, siw-
isaTvis, aramed yvela qristianisaTvis.
mideTa WurWlis, eklesiis qonebisa da

oqro-vercxlis moxmareba raime saqmisaTvis, `tyveTa gamosaxsneladac ki~.
me-7 muxliT aikrZala eklesiis gareT naTliscema, qorwineba, monazvnad
erTi kacisaTvis (cocxlis an micvalebulisaTvis) wirvis dayeneba SeiZleboda mx olo d p ata ra sam kve Tlo Si an
egvterSi (eklesiis StoSi).
me-15 muxliT dadginda marTlmadide-
aRkveca da sxv.
me-8 muxliT gvirgvinis pirvelad da
meored kurTxevis Jams nefe-dedoflis
ziarebis neba gaica.
blobaSi Sesuli yofili monofizitis

(ZvelqarTuliT `xaCecaris~) monaTvla.
me-16 muxliT aikrZala marTlmadideblebis qorwineba aramarTlmadideblebTan.
me-9 muxliT ganisazRvra, rom meored gvirgvinis kurTxevis Semdeg mRvdeli ar unda misuliyo qorwilis sufraze. meored jvriswera nebadarTuli
iyo, magram eklesiisaTvis ar iyo saTno.
me-10 muxliT dadginda akrZalva Cvili
bavSvebis jvriswerisa, magram maT mSoblebs
neba miecaT Cvili qal-vaJis daniSvnisa.
srulwlovanebis miRebis Semdeg ki neba
eZleodaT jvriswerisa, am dros qali ar
unda yofiliyo 12 welze umcrosi.
me-11 muxli exeboda qorepiskoposebs.
isini sjulis da wignis mcodneni da
me-17 muxlSi aRniSnulia, rom didkacobaSi Sesula Cveva `kidis-kide~ jvriswerisa, roca jvrisweris dros siZe sxva
adgilas iyo, dedofali ki sxva sofelsa
Tu qalaqSi. maT jvars werdnen aseTi
saxiT: siZesTan dgeboda dedoflis warmomadgeneli mamakaci, qalTan ki siZis warmomadgeneli mamakaci, romelTac jvars
werdnen. jvrisweris aseTi saxe, ivane javaxiSvilis Tanaxmad, im droisaTvis miRebuli yofila dasavleT evropaSi. qarTulma
eklesiam igi akrZala gankanonebiT.
me-18 muxlSi naTqvamia, rom sodomelTa
uangaroni unda yofiliyvnen.

me-12 muxliT Semcirda monastrebSi
e.w. `moZRvrebis~ ricxvi (eseni iyvnen
`rjulis mcodneni~, `merCuleni~), maTi
simravle iyo `mravali SfoTisa da ganxeTqilebis mizezi~ monasterSi mxolod
erTi moZRvari (didSi ki SeiZleba oric)
codvam daamxo sparsTa, midielTa, somexTa da sxva samefoebi. àr viciT rogor
SemoaRwia am ukeTurebam qristes moRvawed saxeldebul erSi~, e.i. saqarTveloSi. muxlSi aRiniSna, rom am codvis mqnelni
àr daimkvidreben kurTxevas~.
me-19 mu xli mimarTulia xatebis
unda yofiliyo (iqamde erT monasterSi

5-dan 30-mde iyvnen).
me-13 muxliT aikrZala monastrebSi
vaWroba, e.i. eris savaWro Sekreba.
m e -1 4 m ux l i T d a d g i nd a : è r T
sakurTxevelTan erTi da imave Sesawiravis
SewirviT mravali sulisaTvis mravali
mRvdlis mier Jamiswirva wesi ar aris
da ukugdebulia~. 487 dadginda, rom wirva dayenebuliyo ara erTi romelime pir-
Tayvaniscemis uarmyofelTa winaaRmdeg:

`cxadia, RvTis xatis Tayvanismcemeli
RmerTs scems Tayvans misi saSualebiT
da RvTis xatis maginebeli RmerTs aginebs ueWvelad, rogorc wers amas wmidaTa Soris didi basili~. 488 xatmebrZoli gankveTiT daisjeboda.
krebis mdivani yofila `mefe daviTis
monazoni arseni~, romelmac, Cans, krebis oqmi miarTva mefes Sesabamisi miZRvniT,
487
`didi sjul iskanon i~, saq arTvelo s ekle siis kalendari, 1987, gv. 47 1;
488
iqv e, gv. 474.
161
rac Tan axlavs `Zeglisweras~. krebam
ocdaoTxni~; 48 9 `meore neokesarias, dam-
mravalJamieri sicocxle usurva mefe-dedoflebsa da eklesiis meTaurebs, saukuno

xseneba usurva Rirs saeklesio moRvaweebs.
ruis-urbnisis kreba gvaZlevs msoflio
da adgilobriv krebaTa Semdeg CamonaTvals:
sxmeli kanonTa aToTxmetTa Y . 48 9

I msoflio krebis Semdeg àdgilobiTi krebani~: _ `Rangrisa Y, romlisa kanonni arian oc~; 489 àntioqiisa Y, damsxmeli
kanonTa ocdaxuTTa~; 4 89 `laodikiisa Y ,
I. `mefeman kostantine Sekriba pirveli

da msoflio Y wmida Y kreba Y nikeas samas
aT rva metTa wmidaTa mamaTani, romelTa dasxnes kanonni ricx KT ocni~. 489
frigvisa Y da kanonni misni ocdaerTni~. 489

IV msoflio krebis Semdeg àdgilobiTi kreba~: _ `karTagenisa Y da kanonni
misni asocdaaTrvametni~. 48 9
II. `meore wmida Y da msoflio kreba Y kostantinopolis asergasisTa wmidaTa mamaTa Y , romelTa kanonni arian
ricx KT Svid~. 489
III. `mesame efesoYsa wmidaY da msoflioY
kreba mcirisa Tevdosis mefisa mier Sekrebuli, romelman dasxna kanonni rvani~. 489
IV. `meoTxe xalkidons eqvsas ocdaaTTa wmidaTa mamaTa Y msoflio Y kreba Y keTilad msaxurisa markiane mefisa mier
Semokrebuli da ganmawesebeli kanonTa
ricx KT ocdarvaTa Y~. 489
V. `mexuTeman wmidaman da msoflioman
`gumbadis~ (trulis) krebis Semdeg:

_ àrian sxuanica orni masve sameufosa
qalaqsa eklesiasa Sina wmidaTa da yovlad qebulTa mociqulTasa Sekrebulni
krebani, romelTa ganuCenian kanonni
ricx KT aTSvidmetni~. 491
msoflio krebaTa kanonebis Semdeg
ruis-urbnisis kreba CamoTvlis `mamaTa
mier ganwesebul~ kanonebs:
1. `dion Ksios aleqsandriel mTavarepiskoposisa kanonni oTxni~; 491
2. `petre aleqsandrielTa mRvdelTmTavrisa da mowamisa kanonni aTxuT metni~;
kostantinopolis Sekrebulman krebaman

mcired izruna saeklesioTa kanonTa ganwesebisaT K s~. 48 9
VI. `meequseman wmidaman da msoflioman
krebaman iustinianes ze keTilad msaxurisa mefisa gumbadsa Sina sameufo Ysa
palatisasa Sekrebulman aRavso dakle-
3. `grigoli episkoposisa neokesarielisa sakvirvelTmoqmedisa epistole

kanoniani~;
4. ` d i d i s a
basilis
kanon ni
oTxmeocdaxuTni~, misive `kanoniani epistoleebi~: diodores, grigol xucis,
`xorepiskoposTa~, `mis queSeTa episko-
buli misi... dasxna kanonni ricx KT as da

orni, kualad nikiisa meoreman wmidaman
krebaman dasxna kanonni aT rva metni~. 489
VII. `wmidasa da meSvidesa wmidaTa xatTaTvis Sekrebulsa msofliosa krebasa
ganuwesebian kanonni ricx KT samni oden. 490
ruis-urbnisis kreba aRniSnulTa gard a C a mo T v li s Se m de g à d g il o b iT ~
krebebs I msoflio krebamde: _ `pirveli ank K rias, romelsa daesxnes kanonni
posTa~, àmfiloqes mimarT~;

5. `grigoli noselisa kanonni rvani~;
6. timoTe aleqsandrielisa kanonni
aTxuTmetni;
7. filoTeos aleqsandrielis sityva, 10 kanoni, 3 epistole;
8. kirile aleqsandrieli mTavarepiskoposis 7 kanoni;
9. wm. genadi konstantinopoleli patriarqis epistole. 491
489
`didi sjuliskan oni~, 1975, gv. 54 6;
49 0
iqve , gv. 54 7;
49 1
iqv e, gv. 547.
162
`Zegliswera~ _ ruis-urbnisis krebis kanonebi
[ZeglisweraQ ruis-urbnisis krebisaQ]

[1103 w.]
ZeglisweraQ wmidisa da RmrTiv Sekrebulisa krebisaQ, romeli Semokrba
brZanebiTa keTilad msaxurisa da RmrTiv-dacvulisa mefisa Cuenisa
daviT afxazTa da qarTvelTa, ranTa da kaxTa mefisasa,
pirTaTDs romelni quemo moHsenebul arian.
[sruli teqsti]
yovlisave xilulisa da uxilavisa soflisa da yovelTave sacnaurTa da grZnobadTa bunebaTa araarsisagan arsebad momyvanebelman RmerTman uxilavTa maT da
zesTa soflisaTa ZalTa bunebaQ ukudavebiTa da uxrwnelebiTa Seamko; xolo quenaQsa
amis soflisaganni yovelni qmnisa da xrwnilebisa Soris ganawesna.
amissa Semdgomad moigona axali raQme da ucxoQ dabadebuli, romelsa TDT mis
Tavadisaca dambadebelisa, da sityDerisa da pirutyDsa da yovlisave agebulisa
bunebisa ziarebaQ Tavsa Soris TDssa moaqundes. da mis mier, viTarca sazogadoQsa
sakrvelisa mier, SeerTebad RmrTisa Semokrbebodin yovelni dabadebulni; da Tanad
xuTnive saxeni yovelTa arsTa ganyofilebisani daiHsnebodin; romeli viTarca
meore raQme sofeli mcire didsa Sina, anu didi mciresa Sina, daadgina queyanasa
zeda, RmrTiv Suenieri igi da didebuli samoTxe daasxa aRmosavalsa edemisasa.
garna vinaQTgan man nivTad TDTmflobelisa micemuli misda sjuli winaukumod
saRmrToQsa nebisa iHumia, da SuriTa eSmakisaQTa da ganmcdelobiTa dedakacisaQTa
cdomili Zelisa misgan cxorebisa da samoTxisa da RmrTisa siborotisaTDs eqsoria iqmna da sikudiliTa da xrwnilebiTa dasjili, bevreulTa vnebaTa da ZDrTa
mier uflebul iqmna.
rameTu pirvelad sisxlTa mier ZmisaTa mewamul myofelman HelTaman kain
kualad meorisa RmrTisa mierisa wyevisa Tanamdeb yo queyanaQ.
merme siboroteman gmirTaman SenanebaQ arwmuna dambadebelsa ucxoQsa mis
cxovelisa kacisa esoden sakvirvelebiT dabadebisaQ; da wyliTa rRunisaQTa aRHocaQ yovlisa aRmdgomisaQ pirisagan miwisa.
amissa Semdgomad, silaRiTman Helyofaman godlis maSenebelTaman, SerevniTa
enaTaQTa da mimodayofiTa naTesavTaQTa, meoTxed dasaja naTesavi kacTaQ.
xolo gamoCinebaman kerpTa siborgilisaman da nacvalad dambadebelisa msaxurebaman dabadebulisaman sruliad ganaSora da ucxo yo kaci Semoqmedisa RmrTisagan.
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merme RaRadebaman sodomelTa sibilwiT slvisaman wunwubasa Tana aRreuliTa

cecxliTa mowuvad aiZula soflebi xuTqalaqisaQ.
kuala d gulficxelobasa fa raoQsasa da usaxurebasa megDptelTasa ucxoTa
mZlavrebaTaTDs ucxoQ miego misagebeli, da guamTa maTTa _ ucxod dammarxveli
saflavebi.
amissa Semdgomad didi mose, Sjuli, mRdelobaQ, msxuerplni, salxinebelni
TiTo saxeni, msajulni, mefobaQ, winaQswarmetyuelebaQ, yofadTa winaQswari cnobaQ,
saxis SecvalebiTni RmrTis gamocxadebani.
mermeca kualad kerpTmsaxurebaQ, TDT mis moses mier egDptiT gamoyvanebulisa
da sjuldebulisa, da esodenTa pativTa Rirs-qmnulisa, da pirmSod Zed aRsarebulisa erisaQ.
amissa Semdgomad kualad mZlavrebaQ, kualad tyueobaQ mravalgzis mravalTa naTesavTa, da ukuanaQsknel babilovnelTa mieri, romelTa mefisa RmrTis wina-aRmdgomsa
mogonebasa saqmiT amxiles samTa maT WabukTa israitelTa, raJams sakrvelTa rkinisaTa ganmlevelman saHumilman Seuxeblad daicvna maTni advilad gansalevnelni Tmani
da Sesamoselni, mermeca kualad qalaqi da taZari, kualad sjuli da mRdelobaQ.
da raodenni raQ iyvnes sjulisani, da sakDrvelisa mis sjulierisa msaxurebisani, garna verca erTi raQ pirvel TqumulTa amaTgani SemZlebel iqmna kurnebad
bunebisa, ginaTu mtanjvelobiTa da saSinelebaTa, anu qvelis-moqmedebiTTa sitkboebaTagani, romelTa Tana sjulnica uqm iyvnes, bunebiTsa vityD da dawerilsa,
da uZlieresi saHmar iyo wamali salmobaTaTDs uborotesTa.
amisTDs, TDT guamovani igi sibrZne da Zali da Tana-arsi RmrTisa mamisa
sityuaQ, romeli dasabamad iyo, da RmrTisa Tana iyo, da maradis iyo, movida
xatisa TDsisa da uxrwnelTa maTgan da yovlad ubiwoTa sisxlTa WeSmaritebiT, da
sakuTrad RmrTis-mSobelisa maradis qalwulisaTa Horcni Seimosna HorcTaTDs, da
sulsa goniersa da sityDersa Seezava, sulisaTDs Cemisa msgavsiTa msgavssa ganwmedad,
rameTu miuRebeli ukurnebelca ars. da TDsisa qmnulisa wil TDT miiTuala brZolaQ.
da esreT, yovelive HorcTa mieri gangebulebaQ, juarisa Tana vnebaTa, saflavsa da RmrTiv-Sueniersa aRdgomasa, srul yo raQ, queyanasa zeda didebiT aRmavalman zecad, waravlinna aTormetni mowafeni TDsni, romelTaca mociqulad
uwoda, raQTa RmrTis mecnierebisa naTliTa, yovliT kerZo soflisaQT ganHadon
bneli uRmrToebisaQ, da, saxelisa mimarT wmidisa samebisa naTlis-cemiTa, aswaon
Ta yua niscem aQ Tana-a rsi sa erT Rm rTeebi saQ, da, dam arxviT a sacxorebelTa
mcnebaTaQTa, kualad agnen kacni pirvelsave netarebiTsa didebasa.
eseni, viTarca Saravandedni mzisa mis simarTlisani, ganefinnes raQ kideTa
queyanisaTa, yoveli nivTi kerpborgneulisa uRmrToebisaQ maxDliTa sulisaQTa
moWres da cecxliTa sarwmuneobisaQTa mowues; da erquniTa juarisaQTa moiornatnes gulni SemwynarebelTa kacTani.
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da dasTeses maT Soris Tesli keTilad msaxurisa sarwmunoebisaQ da mxoloQsa

da WeSmaritisa RmrTisa msaxurebiTi TayuaniscemaQ; mravalTa da sicruviT mopovnebulTa RmerTTa wil RmrTiv-SuenierebiT aswaves; da sakerpoTa maT wil
taZarTa da b omonTa, simravleni eklesiaTa da sakurTxevelTani aRumarTnes
RmerTsa, yovliT kerZo queyanisaQT.
da siZulili soflisaQ da mterobaQ HorcTaQ rwmunebiT aswaves maT, romelTa-igi RmrTad Seeracxa sofeli da HorcielTa gemoTa mZlavrebisada monad miecnes Tavni; da gancofebuli igi sibrZne ellenebrisa siCqurisa vieTisaQme, simartiviTa RmrTiv-swavlulisa maTda sibrZnisaQTa, romlisaTDs igi pavles hbasrobdes aTinelni, yovlad sibrZniT mxilebulyves, da arca erTisa sityDsa, Rirsad gamoaCinnes maTni igi zRaparT-mwerlobiTni Helovnebani.
da didisa klimintosis mier dasxnes kanonni saeklesioni, ricxDT oTxmeocdaxuTni.
romelTagani erTi, pirvel-wodebuli andria, ZmaQ Tavisa mociqulTaQsa petresi, vidre Cuendamdeca moiwia da qadaga sacxorebeli qadagebaQ saxarebisaQ
yovelsa queyanasa saqarTveloQsasa; da uricxuni simravleni erTani ganaSorna
sacTurisagan mrCobl eSmakeulebisa; da erTisa RmrTisa da qristes misisa TanaarsiT maTiT suliTurT rwmunebiT TayuaniscemaQ aswava; daRaTu umravlesman erman
qarTlisaman simravlesa Sina Jamisasa daiviwya qadagebaQ igi mociqulisaQ. da
sacTurisave mimarT kerpTaQsa miaqcia.
amaTisa qadagebisa nayofad aRmoecennes yovliT kerZo yovlisa soflisaQT
simravleni Ruawlisa damdebelisa qristes sikudilsa mimsgavsebulTa wmidaTa
mowameTani; vinaQTgan samasni, mciredTa sxuaTa Tana, vidre mefed qadagebadmde
didisa kostantinessa Soris gardaHdes weliwadni, romeli-igi pirvelad qristiane iqmna mefeTa Soris da TDT mociqul da qadag sacxorebelisa qadagebisa, da
naTelsa Tavisuflebisasa mimfenel qristeaneTa RmrTiv-Suenerisa moqalaqobisa.
amisTave ukue JamTa sruliad momxedna Cuenca aRmosavalman maRliT da dedakacisa visme mier tyueqmnulisa, romelsa-igi nunnad kappadukielad aqa sadme povnilnica qadageben wignni saeklesioTa moTxrobaTani; sarwmunoebisa mimarT TDsisa
miizida yoveli savsebaQ yovlisa qarTvelTa naTesavisaQ, sakDrvelT-moqmedebiTa
niSebSemosilTa saswaulTaQTa; raJams igi qarTvelTa mefeman mirian, mefeTa Soris
didisa kostantinessa mivlinebiTa da misgan gamoTxoQTa mefobisa TDsisa, qalaqad
mcxeTad STamoiyvana evstaTi didi _ saydris mpyrobeli antioqelTa eklesiisaQ.
da wmidaTa mier HelTa misTa naTel-iRo man da yovelman erman qarTlisaman,
da TDT patriaqTa Soris saxelganTqmulman evstaTi HeliTa TDsiTa STadva safuZveli maSin sadme mcxeTas aRSenebulisa eklesisaQ, romelica friadisa Tana gulsmodginebisa ganasrules raQ maT ganwmedaQ igi, da HelTdasxmul yo mas Sina maTTDs
episkoposi-kaTolikosi.
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aman saukunod Hsenebulman mefeman kostantine Sekriba pirveli da msoflioQ

wmidaQ krebaQ nikeas samas aTrvametTa wmidaTa mamaTaQ, romelTa dasxnes kanonni
ricxDT ocni; romlisa pirvelad qmnil iyvnes sxuanica adgilobiTni krebani :
pirveli ankDrias, romelsa daesxnes kanonni ocdaoTxni; meore neokesarias, damsxmeli kanonTa aToTxmetTaQ.
xolo Semdgomad didisa mis da msoflioQsa krebisa sxuanica iqmnnes adgilobiTni krebani, viTar-igi RangrisaQ, romlisa kanonni arian oc; da kualad antioqiisaQ, damsxmeli kanonTa ocdaxuTTa; amaTTana laodokiisaQ, frigDisaQ, da
kanonni misni _ ocdaerTni.
amaTsa Semdgom meore wmidaQ da msoflioQ krebaQ _ kostantinopolis, asergasisTa wmidaTa mamaTaQ, romelTa kanonni arian ricxDT SDd.
merme mesame _ efesoQsa wmidaQ da msoflioQ krebaQ, mcirisa Tevdosis mefisa
mier Sekrebuli, romelman dasxna kanonni rvani.
meoTxe _ xalkidons, equsas ocdaaTTa wmidaTa mamaTa msoflioQ krebaQ,
keTilad msaxurisa markiane mefisa mier Semokrebuli da ganmawesebeli kanonTa
ricxDT ocdarvaTaQ.
merme _ adgilobiTi krebaQ karTagenisaQ, da kanonni misni as ocdaaTvrametni.
xolo mexuTeman wmidaman da msoflioman kostantinopolis Sekrebulman krebaman mcired izruna saeklesioTa kanonTa ganwesebisaTDs.
aramed meequseman wmidaman da msoflioman krebaman, iustinianesze, keTilad
msaxurisa mefisa, gumbadsa Sina sameufoQsa palatisasa Sekrebulman, aRavso daklebuli misi, rameTu dasxna kanonni ricxDT as da orni.
kualad nikiisa meoreman wmidaman krebaman dasxna kanonni aTrvametni.
amissa Semdgomad arian sxuanica orni masve sameufosa qalaqsa eklesiasa Sina
wmidaTa da yovlad qebulTa mociqulTasa Sekrebulni krebani, romelTa ganuCenian
kanonni, ricxDT aTSDdmetni.
xolo wmidasa da meSDdesa wmidaTa xatTaTDis Sekrebulsa msofliosa krebasa
ganuwesebian kanonni, ricxDT samni oden.
amaTa wmidaTa krebaTa mier ganCinebulTa kanonTa Tana arian sxuanica TiToeulTa mamaTa mier ganwesebulni da Tana aRracxulni kanonni :
dDonDsios aleqsandriel mTavar-episkoposisa kanonni oTxni;
petre aleqsandrielTa mRdelT-mTavrisa da mowamisa kanonni aTxuTmetni;
grigoli episkoposisa neokesarielisa sakDrvelT-moqmedisa epistole kanoniani;
didisa basilis kanonni oTxmeocdaxuTni;
misive epistole kanoniani, diodores mimarT;
misive epistole kanoniani, grigolis mimarT xucisa;
misive epistole kanoniani, xorepiskoposTa mimarT;
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misive epistole kanoniani mis queSeTa episkoposTa mimarT;

misive, amfiloqes mimarT sulisa wmidisaTDs miwerilTa maT TavTagan;
grigoli noselisa kanonni rvani;
timoTe aleqsandrielisa kanonni aTxuTmetni;
filoTeos aleqsandrielisa kanonni, RmrTis gamocxadebisaTDs Tqumulisagan;
misnive sxuani kanonni aTni;
misive epistole, afigionis mimarT episkoposisa;
misive epistole, agaTonis mimarT episkoposisa;
misive epistole minaQs mimarT episkoposisa;
kDrile aleqsandrielTa mTavar-episkoposisa kanonni SDdni, gennadi wmidisa
patriarqisa kostantinepolelisa da misTana wmidisa krebisa epistole, mitropolitTa mimarT garemoTa samTavroTaQsa.
ese arian Sekrebani wmidaTa da saeklesioTa kanonTani, dabeWdulni da damarxulni, TDnier yovlisa Sematebisa da moklebisa, da amaTi mecnierebaQ da
SedgomaQ da mtkiced pyrobaQ uHms yovelTa winamZRuarTa qristeanobiTisa madideblobisaTa : mRdelT-mTavarTa, da mRvdelTa, da diakonTa, da Cuen Soris
moZRurad saxeldebulTa maTca monazonTa, da erTbamad yovelsa savsebasa marTlmadidebelTa eklesiisasa.
xolo Cuen ese am i sT Ds m ov i Hseneni T, raT a p irveli T ga n pi ri si tyDsa
Cuenisa Q ganvhmarto T.
vinaQTgan dahbada RmerTman dasabamsa xatebad da msgavsebad TDssa kaci, viTarca pirvel vityodeT, raTa mis mier, viTarca sazogadoQsa sakrvelisa mier,
xilulTa da uxilavTaQsa, Tavsa TDssa SeaerTnes yovelni sacnaurni da grZnobadni
dabadebulni saTnoebiT raQ, sakuTar eqmnas igi Semoqmedsa TDssa.
xolo igi egeviTarisa mis madlTa simdidrisgan ganSiSulda cTomisa mis mier
da gandgomilTa da risxveulTa monaTa monebaQ moatyua Tavsa, aramed ara saxiermanca dambadebelman misman, rameTu viTarmca Tavs-idva ugulebelsyofaQ esodenisa
HelTa misTa saqmisaQ, romel ars kaci.
aramed uHrwnelsa Sina saSosa yovlad wmidisa RmrTis mSobelisa da maradis
qalwulisasa arRara pirvelisaebr iWDsa madliT, aramed guamovnebiT SeaerTa igi
Tavsa TDssa da zesTa bunebisa ganaRmrTo mis mier miRebuli igi da misTana
erTguamqmnili kaci.
da romeli-igi iyo pirmSoQ yovlisa agebulisaQ, Tavs idva pirmSo mravalTa
ZmaTa Soris yofaQ, raQTa saxelisa misisa mimarT wodebulni da madliT Zmad missa
aRsaarebulni, romeli-igi yrmaTaca eziara HorciTa da sisxliTa da guamad
erTisa mis yovelTa Tavisa gamoCinebulni, mun aRmiyvannes kualad ganHorcielebiTa TDsiTa, sada igi TDT ars Tavi sasoebisa CuenisaQ; da Tana-moqalaqe myvnes
wmidaTa da saxleul RmrTisa, da samkDdrebelad missa gamomaCinnes suliTa, raJams
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Tavisa mimarT Semokrbes TiToeulebaQ asoTa ganyofilebisaQ da Tbisa mimarT

gardainivTos viTarebaQ yovlisa aRsuarulisaQ.
vinaQca amisTDs moguecnes pirvelad bunebiTi da merme dawerili sjuli; amisTDs
iqmna gankacebaQ RmrTisaQ; amisTDs qalwulisagan SobaQ, bagaQ, wargragnaQ, angelozni madidebelni, varskulavisa srbaQ, moguTa ZRunis-momrTumelobaQ, winadacueTaQ, naTlis-RebaQ, zeciT wamebaQ, gancdaQ, qolvaQ CuenTDs da vnebani uvnebelisani, gancemaQ, SemsWvalvaQ, daflvaQ, aRdgomaQ, aRslvaQ zecad; amisTDs _
qadagebani mociqulTani, sisxlni mowameTani, swavlani moZRuarTani, oflni RirsTa
mamaTani, guls-modginebani keTilad msaxurTa da morwmuneTa mefeTani, wadierebani RmrTis-moyuareTa mTavarTani, kadnierebani RmrTis-saxisa mRdelT-mTavrobisa
rwmunebulTani, winambrZolisa TDsisa Tana simHniT Tana-mbrZolebani mRdelTa da
samRdeloTani, codvisa mimarT simHniT winaganwyobani, nivTagan ganSiSulebulisa
monazonTa dasisani da maTTana erTHmobani qristes moyuarisa erisani.
amisTDs iqmnnes qristes-moyuareTa da RmrTiv-dacvulTa mefeTa mier Jamad-Jamadni
krebani, RmrTis-moyuareTa episkoposTa da RmrTisa saTno-yofilTa mamaTani,
raQTa saqmeTa mier gansrulebuliTa sarwmunoebiTa SeaerTnes RmerTsa qristeaneni.
romelTasa keTilad ebaZva Sursa Cuenica ese gDrgDnosani, mrCobl-marjuene da
Seyuarebuli, gDrgDni TavisaQ da sasurveli <Ze daviT; romeli-ese erTbamad mHneca
ars da brZen, marTal da wmida, igive myudroca da mSDd, saxier da tkbil, mowyale
da ZDruHsenebel da misgavsebul saxierebasa RmrTisasa, romeli aRmoubrwyinvebs
mzesa keTilTa da borotTa, da zrdis yovelTa wDmiTa sworebiT.
ese vinaQTgan gareSeTa brZolaTa Sina winadaudgromelobiT ubrZolel da gareSisa
saxisa qmnulebiTa sxuaTa kacTagan Sesworebad SeuZlebel iyo, rameTu keTil did
ars viTarca gmiri, Suenier ars viTarca siZe, brwyinvale ars viTarca ciskari,
nayofier ars keTilTa mier viTarca aRmosavali, yuavilovan warmatebaTa mier
viTarca samoTxe RmrTisaQ, ara Tavs-idva, raQTa ara umetes moRuawe iqmnes
ganbrwyinvebad SinaganTaca sikeTeTa sulisaTa; vinaQTgan igini warmdinar, xolo
eseni dausrulebelobasa Tana RmrTisasa-Tana dausrulebel arian.
amisTDs Semokriba krebaQ RmrTis-moyuareTa episkoposTa, patiosanTa mRdelTa da RirsTa diakonTaQ, qristes-moyuareTa monazonTa, dayudebulTa da meudabnoeTaQ, sanaxebTa qarTlisaTa, maxlobelad orTa saepiskoposoTa ruisa da urbnisisa; garna ara Tu ubiwoebasa qarTvelTa sarwmunoebisasa biwi raQme Sehxeboda,
nu iyofin ese, ara gecruvneT Sen, siwmidiT mSobelo Cueno kaTolike eklesiao,
arca gangceT Sen, siqadulo Cueno marTlmadideblobao, romlisa arca ganmcemel
qmnil varT, vinaQTgan Semecnebasa Sensa Rirs qmnul varT, mowame ars WeSmaritebaQ;
aramed sxuaTa saeklesioTa da samRdeloTa, da saqristianoTa ZiebaTaTDs, romelTa Tav, da winamZRuar, da pirwmidisa mis krebisa iyo, RmrTisa mimarTisa sakuTrebisaTana simSDdiTaca sulisaTa mimsgavsebuli mosesi, da msgavsad didisa samoelisa
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winamlocveli erisaQ da mcxebeli madliT srulyofadTaQ iovane _ yovlad Rirsi

mTavarepiskoposi, kaTolikosi da yovlisa saqarTveloQsa didi mamaT-mTavari,
da mis Tana simravle pirvel HsenebulTa maT savsebisaQ.
[kanonTa teqsti] [1]. da pirvelad episkoposni vinme ver-RirsebiT Semosrulni pativsa mRdelT-mTavrobisasa da uRirsni qristes, pirvelisa mis mwyemsTmTavrisani, ganvkueTeniT da ucxo-vyveniT mRdelobisagan, vinaQTgan arawmidisa
SexebaQ siwmideTaQ ara-ucTomeloba ars da maxlobeli RmrTisaQ, maxlobel cecxlisa ars, da uHms, raQTa yovliTurT oqro iyos;
xolo ara krul vyveniT da arca SevaCueneniT, nu iyofin, aramed litonTa
eriskacTa-Tana ziarebad flobil vyveniT, ukueTu oden amieriTgan mmarxvel
iyvnen siwmidisa.
da nacvlad maTda sxuani davadgineniT, romlisa hasakisaganca da saqmeTagan
aqunda wamebaQ da keTilad ganewuarTnes Horcni damorCileblad sulisa.
[2]. amas-Tana sul-moklebaQca HelT-dasxmaTaQ, viTarca uwesoQ da ukanonoQ,
davhHseniT.
da ganvaweseT, raQTa amieriTgan arRara-vin ikadros qmnad, TDnier viTar-igi
ganawesebs kanoni : rameTu episkoposi ocdaaTxuTmetisa wlisaQ, mRdeli ocdaaTisa
wlisaQ, diakoni ocdaxuTisa wlisaQ da wignis mkiTxveli rvisa wlisaQ HelTdasxmul iqmnebodin.
[3] amas Tana sxuaQca uwesoQ wesi HelT-dasxmaTaQ daHsnad ganvaCineT : viTarmca
masve da erTsa dResa Helni daesxnes visme wignis-mkiTxvelad, kerZo-diakonad,
diakonad da mRdelad, anu Tu episkoposadca. romeli-ese ukueTu iqmnas-Ra sada
amieriTgan, HelT-damsxmeli da HelT-dasxmuli erTbamad ganikueTnen mRdelobisagan, rameTu pirvelad wignis-mkiTxvelad da kerZo-diakonad oden jer-ars HelTdasxmaQ, da orisave amisa erTsa dResa SesaZlebel ars qmnaQ da merme diakonad; da
viTarca dayvnes dReni diakonobasa Sina da hmsaxuros mRdelTa ara mciredTa
dReTa, mermeRa moiyvanon mRdelobad.
xolo ukueTu episkoposobad momaval iyos, Semdgomad SDdTa dReTa Jamiswirvisa moiyvanon HelT-dasxmad episkoposobisa. da amas vityDT maTTDs, romelTa
saWiroQ raQme mizezi aswrafebdes, xolo romelTa arca erTi-raQ aqundes saTanadoQ mizezi maswrafobelad, maT weliwadi da weliwadni dayvnen TDToeulsa xarisxsa
Sina da ufroQs-Ra diakonobisasa, vinaQTgan TDnier diakonTa simravlisa, veraQ
miiRebs Suenierebasa saeklesioTa wesTagani. amisTDs vamcnebT yovelTa episkoposTa, raQTa ufroQs-Ra diakonTa ganmravlebisaTDs moRuawe iyvnen eklesiaTa Sina maTTa.
xolo monazonTa, romelni mRdelobad da episkoposobad momaval iyvnen,
pirvelad sruliad monazunad didiTa sqemiTa ubrZanebT gansrulebasa, da egreTRa
mRdelobad moslvasa.
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[4]. xolo wesi HelT-dasxmadTa srulebisaQ egreT aResruleboded, viTarca

axalTa Sina kurTxevaTa netarebiT moHsenebulisa mamisa giorgi mTawmidelisaTa
daweril ars. egreTve _ kurTxevaQ eklesiisaQ, da damyarebaQ sakurTxevelisaQ, da
wmida-yofaQ RmerT-myofelisa mihronisaQ, egreT srul iqmneboded, viTarca munSina moHsenebul ars.
[5]. xolo qrTamisaTDs da safasisa, romelsa miiReben HelT-damsxmelni, HelTdasxmadTagan, zemoQTganisa wmidaTa mociqulTa da mamaTa mocemisaebr, ganCinebad vikadrebT Cuenca, raTa moispos egeviTari-igi eklesiisagan da aRiHocos
mRdelobisagan, makurTxevelisa TDsisa Tana, romlisa qmnaQ amieriTgan nuRaramca-vis ukadrebies, raQTa ara-igica SevsZinoT, viTarmed SeiCuenos viTarca sDmon
mogD petre mociqulisagan da numca miiReben raTurTiT nu-ra-ras, nu odes : nuca
pirvel HelT-dasxmisa, nuca TDT mas HelT-dasxmasa Sina, nuca Semdgomad HelTdasxmisa, nuca qrTamsa, nuca ZRuensa, nuca evlogiasa, nuca kaTolikosi episkoposTagan, gina xuces-diakonTa da xorebiskoposTa, nuca episkoposni diakonTagan
da mRdelTa da xorepiskoposTa, nucaraT sxuaTa samRdeloQsa dasisaganTa anu
romelTave saeklesioTa mneTagan.
[6]. mermeca samRdeloTa WurWelTa da RmrTisada SewirulTa siwmideTaTDs,
romel arian : barZim-feSxuem, samwerobelni da yovelive eklesiaTada Sewiruli da
erTgzis RmrTisada micemuli, oqroQ, vecxli, Tuali, margaliti, WiqaQ, stavraQ,
naqsovi, sini, rvali, rkinaQ, Zeli, keci, qvaQ, amas ganvawesebT SedgomiTa wmidaTa
kanonTaQTa, raQTa ara-vis Helewifos Hmarebad missa ara-rad, arca tyueTasaHsrad, daRaTu cudadca da uHmrad mdebare iyvnen da ferHiTa dasaTrgunvelad isxnen
eklesiasa Sina da saWurWlesa missa.
xolo ukeTu vinme ikadros amaTganisa racsaca garegniT mis eklesiisa, da
TDnier missa viTar-igi ganwesebul iyos, da viTar saxedca samsaxurad eklesiisa,
anu sakurTxevelisa Seqmnil iyos, sxuad radca Hmarebad, moeloded aqa ukue
babilovnelTa mefisa baltasaris da ananiaQs da sapfiraQs sasjelsa; xolo muncecxlsa saukunesa, ganmzadebulsa eSmakTaTDs da angelosTa misTaTDs.
[7]. amasTana eseca moviHseneT, viTarmed TDnier eklesiisa da sakurTxevelisa
arca naTlis-cema SesaZlebel ars, arca gDrgDnTa kurTxevaQ, arca monazunisa
epistoliTa gina sqemiTa kurTxevaQ, da arca monazonsa xucessa gDrgDnTa kurTxevad
Hel-ewifebis, arca erisgansa mRdelsa monazonisa kurTxevad.
[8] xolo Semdgomad gDrgDnTa kurTxevisa pirvelTa da meoreTa col-qmarTa
wmidaTa saidumloTa ziarebaQ uHms mas dResa, romelsa ikurTxnen ueWuelad, ara Tu
gardareuliTa raQTme bilwebiTa SebRalul iyvnen, daRaTu uziareblobiTaca gankanonebul iyvnen. da merme aRsruleba kanonisa uziareblobisa maTisasa.
[9] xolo meoreTa gDrgDnTa makurTxeveli xucesi samxrobad nu mivals maT
Tana, nucamca meoreTa col-qmarTa pirvelni gDrgDnni ekurTxevian.
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xolo sxuebr da ara esreT moqmedi amaTi xucesi ukue gankueTisa, xolo eriskaci uziareblobisa Tanamdeb iyos.
[10] kualad amasca ganvasazRvrebT, raQTa amieriTgan arRara ekurTxeodin
gDrgDnni CCDlTa qal-ymaTa, aramed ukueTu saWirod radme iyos, mSobelTa maTTa
diad dauwindnen igini urTierTas, da raJams hasakad moviden ornive, maSin iqorwinnen.
da qali aTorm etisa wli sasa umcro Qsi numca Seyofil a rs qo rwinebiT
meuRlisada. xolo amis ganCinebisa damHsneli, Tanamdeb iyavn zemoHsenebulisa
mis ganCinebisa.
[11] kaTolikosisa da episkoposTagan xorebiskoposi sjulisa da saRmrToTa
wignTa mecnieri gamoirCeoded mRdeli anu diakoni da SiSiTa RmrTisaQTa emcneboded mas ubiwod dacvaQ yovelTave saqristeanoTa wesTaQ raQTa ara raQ maTgani
gansces qrTamisaTDs, arca raQ ganyidos vecxlad, viTarca iuda ufali; raQTa ara
SiSTvilica misi daimkDdros.
[12] Semdgomad amaTsa amisica saTanadod vhgoneT moHsenebaQ, vinaQTgan moZRurad wodebulTa maT monazonTaQ friadi da aRuricxuveli ars simravle, da erTsa
monastersa Sina xuTni da aTni, mravalgzis ocnica da ocdaaTni ipoebian, didi Tu
iyos monasteri da mravlisa SfoTisa da ganxeTqilebisa mizezsa SemoiRebs simravle maTi, amisaTDs ganvaCinebT, raQTa amieriTgan dascxres eseviTari ese uwesobaQ.
da pirvelad amas ganvasaRzRvrebT, raQTa umRdelosa ara Hel-ewifebodis
ganmkiTxvelobad sulTa, ara Tu episkoposi iyos, anu mRdeli, anu diakoni, rameTu
pirvelad Sekrvisa da ganHsnisa Helmwifebasa uHms qonebad, da egreT-Ra gankiTxvisa
sulTaQsa Hel-yofad; amas Tana, raQTa didTa monasterTa Sina or-ori, xolo
mcireTa Sina TiToQ xolo kma iyos moZRuari.
da ukueTu vinme amas ganCinebasa gardahxdes, ueWuelad esmes mas, viTarmed xolo
HdomisaganTa maT da urCTa WeSmaritebisaTa da morCilTa sicruQsaTa risxvaQ da
guliswyromaQ, Wiri da iwroebaQ da Semdgomi.
[13] wesi igi, romelsa krebulTa dasxmad uwesen, nuRaramca kadrebul ars qmnad
amieriTgan, nuca monasterTa Sina SeqmnaQ savaWroTa eris krebaTaQ, nucamca-raQ
sxuaQ samoqalaqoQ da soflioQ wesi qmnil ars monasterTa Sina odesca, raQTa ara
salocvelTa maT adgilTa quab-avazakTa SeqmniTa, sulTaca TquenTa safardulebi
saRmrToQsa sityDsa mier daiqces, viTarca mekermeTa maT tablebi, da wmidaTa
mamaTa da krebaTa mier gankanonebisa Tanamdeb iqmnneT.
[14] xolo erTsa sakurTxevelsa da masve da erTsa winadagebasa zeda wmidisa
Sesawiravisasa mravalTa sulTaTDs mravalTa mRdelTa mier qmnaQ wmidisa JamiswirvisaQ uweso ars da gangdebul, romeli-ese nuRaramca sada qmnil ars.
ufroQsRa Tavad sakurTxevelsa zeda didisa eklesiisasa, saepiskoposoQsa gina
monastrisasa, erTisa aravisTDs wes-ars Jamis wirvad araodes, arca cocxlisa,
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arca micvalebulisaTDs, TDnier aRapTa da sulisa saHsenebelad ganCinebulTa

dReTaQsa, aramed mis eklesiisa maSenebelTa da SemomwirvelTa.
da erTbamad yovelTa sulTa qristeaneTa cocxalTa da micvalebulTaTDs
jer-ars Jamis-wirvaQ, xolo erTisa kacisaTDs, anu erTisa sulisaTDs eguterTa
sadme Sina, anu StoTa eklesiisaTa jer-ars TiToeulisa xucisagan Jamis-wirvaQ.
[15] romelnica RmrTis mavnebelobiTisa mis wvalebisagan xaCecarTaQsa, romel
arian somexni, marTalsa da uzakuvelsa sarwmunoebasa mouHdebodin, da wmidasa
kaTolike eklesiasa SeerTebodin, da biwsa mas wvalebasa erT-bunebianTa, da erTisa
nebisa da erTisa moqmedebisa RmrTeebisagan da kacebisa Sezavebulisa, da arca
saRmrToQsa, arca kacobrivisa, aramed Sereulisa raQsme da ucxoQsa, qristes,
WeSmaritisa RmrTisa Cuenisa, zeda siCquriT metyuelTasa SeaCuenebden.
esreT ganvawesebT maTTDs, raTa sruliad naTel-scemden, viTarca warmarTsa,
vinaQTgan sxuaTaca didTa eklesiaTa vhpoebT moqmedad amissa, viTar igi ars
sapatriaqo saydari antioqiisaQ, da yovelni mimdgomni misni eklesiani yovlisa aRmosavalisani.
[16] kualad ganvawesebT, raQTa arca marTlmadidebeli mamakaci mwvalebelsa
gina warmarTsa dedakacsa, anu dedakaci mamakacsa SeeuRlnen. vinaQTgan yoveli
marTlmadidebeli taZari ars RmrTisaQ, damkDdrebulisa mis mier sulisa misisa
Cuen Soris; xolo yoveli borotad madidebeli, anu yovlad ara-madidebeli
taZari ars eSmakisaQ; xolo viTarmed arca erTi ziarebaQ ars taZrisa RmrTisaQ
kerpTa Tana, viTar-igi bnelisaQ naTlisa Tana _ mowame ars saRmrToQ mociquli.
xolo romelman amieriTgan ikadros-Ra qmnaQ amaTi, ganikanonos igi pirvel
TqumuliTa miT kanoniTa.
[17] vinaQTgan eseca uwesoebaQ mravalTa mier aRsrulebulad guesma, ufroQsRa
didTa vieTme da warCinebulTa da ara litonad kacTagan qmnilad, romel ars
kides-kide da erTgan kurTxevaQ gDrgDnTaQ qorwinebiT erT-Horc qmnadTa meuRleTaQ, viTar-igi hyofen usjuloebiT dedakacisasa ukue sxDsa visme ucxoQsa mamakacisa Tana kurTxevasa; xolo mamakacisasa mamakacisave sxDsa Tana, romlisasa
raQmca iyo sxuaQ uuwesoesi da usacinelesi; anu ara yovliTurT msgavs arsa,
markionis mwvalebelTa mier mkudrisa-wil naTliscemasa cocxalisasa! rameTu ese
erTgan kurTxeulni mamakaci da dedakaci nuukue Seiracxnen naxevar-memruSed colqmrad, vinaQTgan sxDsaQ iHsenebis saxeli, da sxuaQ warmodgomil ars mun; xolo
orTa maT erTagan kurTxeulTa mamakacTaTDs raQ vin moigonos saxeli, garna Tu
vinme vrceliTa siciliTa ganbasros eseviTari ese sjulisa, da keTilisa wesierebisa Cuenisa, da kacobrivisa qcevisa, da Cueulebisa garegani usjuloebaQ.
romlisaTDs amas ganvasazRvrebT : romelnica moaqamde esreT kurTxeulni yofil
arian da gardasrul arian, igini Sendobil arian umecrebisaTDis; xolo ukueTu aw
sadme ipovnen vinme egeviTarni, igini sjulierad col-qmrad numca Seracxil arian.
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amieriTgan kula nuRaramca visganmca kadrebul ars qmnaQ amisi. da ukueTu

iqmnas sada, oTxni igi kurTxeulni da orni makurTxevelni maTni xucesni, _
equesnive ganikanonnen.
[18] mermeca RmrTis-moZagebulisa mis da RmrTis-ganmamwarebelisa, codvaTaubilwesisa saZagelebisa sodomelTaQsa, romlisaQ ara uwyiT, Tu viTar SeeTDsa
igi ubadruksa amas naTesavsa da sruliad ganaSorna da ucxo-yvna RmrTisagan,
vieTTanaca poa Tavisa misadrekeli.
amas ganvasazRvrebT sityDTa RmrTisaQTa da samociquloQTa HmiTa da mamobriviTa ganCinebiTa : daRaTu mravalgzis qmnil arian mravalTa naTesavTa mier mravalni
da ricxDsa mZleni codvani, viTar igi : mterobani, Surni, siZulilni, kacisklvani,
mruSebani, cru-ficebani da ukuanaQskneli da Tavi yovelTa borotTaQ _ kerpTmsaxurebaQ, da Tayuaniscemisa SecvalebaQ dambadebelisagan dabadebulTa mimarT.
garna, arca-erTisa maTganisaTDs aRZrul ars aRuZrveli igi, viTarca TDT ityoda
abrahamis mimarT, viTarmed RaRadebaQ sodomisa da gomorisaQ moiwia Cemda da
gardamovHed xilvad, ukueTu RaRadebisaebr maTisa arian saqmeni maTni; romlisa
Semdgomad ixileT Tu raQ iqmnebis, da Tu viTar nivTni ese samsaxurod kacTaTDs
dabadebulni RmrTisagan, winaukumo bunebisa TDsisa, Sescvaleben bunebiTsa Zalsa
TDssa, da ucxoQsa codvisa aRsaHocelad ucxosa moipoeben moqmedebasa.
rameTu maradis aRmarT moZravi da subuqi bunebaQ eTerisa cecxlisaQ, viTarca
zrqeli raQme da mZime, daRmarT hyofs damodinebasa da, saxed mZafrisa wDmisa,
saSinelebiT mCqefroQs aRreuli wunwubasa Tana, mrisxaned gansalevnelad ukeTurTa maT sibilweTa mravliTa kacTa.
xolo wulili da Txeli uferuli bunebaQ haerisaQ, mizezi cxovelTa aRmofSDnvisaQ da sicocxlisaQ, sizrqed almurisa HSirisa, da ferad HeliT saZiebelisa bnelisad, da SemaSTobelad kuamlad, saswaulad risxvisad, Sescvalebs Tavsa TDssa maT zeda.
amaT Tana queyanaQ, myari da mtkice damtDrTveli simZimesa mas zeda mdebareTa
guamTasa, verRara itDrTavs simedgresa bilwebaTa maTTasa, aramed pirvelad SesZravs
safuZvelTa TDsTa da siRrmiT iatakTa TDsTaQT aRmomduRare, haerad aRmoixuams
siRrmeTa safuZvelisa maTisa simtkiceTasa; da miwad gardamoixuams simaRleTa
godol-taZrebisa maTisa simagreTasa.
merme ganaRebs vidre mun-Jamadmde ganuRebelsa pirsa da Tanad-qalaqebiTurT
da saxlebiT STanTqams arRara kacebsa, aramed damwurebsa rasme Zualebsa, da odesme
yofilTa kacTa sawyalobelsa neStebsa.
xolo wyali igica ucxod ixilvebis Secvalebulad maTTDs da arRara saSuebelad da saHmrad, aramed, sxuaTa nivTTagan daSTomilisa neStisa maTisa aRsaHocelad pirsa zeda maTeulisa queyanisa, ufroQsRa saflav maTda qmnilisa jojoxeTisa, ixilvebis modinebulad, egoden Secvalebuli sxuaTa wyalTagan bunebiTa,
raoden igini sxuaTa kacTa hmatdes bilwebisa gardareulebiTa.
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aman usjuloebaman asurastanelTa igi umravlesTa nawilTa queyanisaTa dampyrobeli mefobaQ tyued waruqcia sparsTa da midTa da sruliad aRmohfxura queyaniT saHsenebeli, ara xolo mefe da mZlavri, aramed kac-yofisaca maTisaQ.
aman codvaman didi igi da yovliT-kerZo yovlisa queyanisaQT Hma-gansmenili
naTesavi somexTaQ, mefobiTurT da mTavrobiT maTiT, ara oden daamdabla da
daamHua, aramed sruliad aRiRo kacTagan saxeli maTi, romelTaQ vervin poos
dRes erTica mefe anu mTavari, mqonebeli daumonebelisa TavisuflebisaQ, daRaTu
yovelnica vin piri miwisaQ moixilos.
aman bilwebaman sparsTa igi maRali, da maradis hromTa mefobisa mHdomaflobaQ, mHecis bunebaTa vieTme kacTa avazakuriTa zeda-moslviTa, miwadmde damdablebulyo, da vidre moaqamde mZlavrebisa maTisa morCil yo.
ese ara uywiT, Tu vinaQ ukeTurebiT Semoexrwna moqalaqobasa qristes mosaxelisaca erisasa, rameTu raQ ziarebaQ iyo beliarisi qristes-Tana da, Helsa ucxo
TeslTasa micemiT dasasrul maxDlisa maTisa qmniTa, neStni odenRa damitevna
isra Hlisani, romelni ukueTu vegneT-Ra masve ukeTurebasa zeda, oQ Cemda, davidumo Znel-sityuaQ, romeli yovelTada cxad ars, daRacaTu Cuen vhridoT.
amisTDs vamcnebT yovelsa didsa da mciresa, mdidarsa da glaxaksa, mefesa da
mTavarsa, aznaursa da mdabiorsa, mRdelTa da umRdeloTa, moweseTa da eriskacTa,
berTa da WabukTa, da Sua-kacTa yovelsa pativsa da yovelsa wessa da yovelsa
hasaksa ganyenebad amis vnebisa ufroQs-Ra saZagelisa bilwebisa.
da esreT daumticebT, saxeliTa uflisa Cuenisa iesu qristesiTa : yovelman
sulman qristeaneman marTlmadidebelman, amaT sityuaTa msmenelman, romelman
Semdgomad amis Zeglisa warkiTxvisa, ara ijmnas bilwisa mis sodomurisa codvisagan da, ara xolo saqmiT qmnisa misisa, aramed reca laRobiT ferebisa da sityDT
Tqumisa, raTaca samisoTa da misTa damsaxvelTa sityuaTa da saqmeTagan, ueWuelad
moiwios mis zeda amas ukue sawuTosa saSineli raQme da cocxliv jojoxeTad
STamHdeli risxvaQ, msgavsad wunwubasa-Tana aRreulisaQ mis sodomelTa cecxlisaQ.
xolo mun-igi mimTualvel eqmnes mas, romeli vals winaSe pirsa uflisasa da
Seswuvavs garemoQs missa mterTa misTa, vinaQTgan siyuaruli HorcTaQ mterobaQ
ars RmrTisaQ. da romelman ganxrwnas taZari RmrTisaQ, ganxrwnes igica RmerTman,
da amas Tana da Cuengan, uRirsTa monaTa saRmrToQsa monebisa Rirs-qmnulTaQsa,
Ki Cuenda, arRara kurTxevaQ, aramed kdemaQ da mxilebaQ daimkDdros saukunoQ.
[19] xolo vinaQTgan mizezad urTierTas pativiT Tayuanis-cemisa Cuen Soris
myofi xatebaQ RmrTisaQ aRsaarebul da qadagebul ars didTa moZRuarTa da mamaTa
CuenTagan, cxad ars, viTarmed Tayuanis mcemeli xatisa RmrTisaQ RmerTsa Tayvanis-scems mis mier, maginebelica sadme xatisa RmrTisaQ RmerTsa aginebs ueWuelad,
viTarca wmidaTa Soris didi basili esreT daswers amas.
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amisTDs ganvasazRvrebT, raQTa eseca RmrTis-Semawuxebeli da RmrTisa Seuracxismyofeli codvaQ sruliad moispos yovlisagan enisa da naTesavisa Cuenisa.
da romelman amieriTgan Seaginos-Ra suli, gonebaQ da piri TDsi usaxuriTa
ginebiTa, zemowerilisa amis Tanamdeb iyos igica gankanonebisa.
mefesa daviTs monazoni arseni

amaTda momarT rasa ityD, romelsa hsibrZnis hmoyuareb Sen ufroQsad brwyinvaleo Tualo yovlisa soflisa mefeTa erTguamobisao!
romeli ege haerovan xar, viTarca samyaroQ xilulisa soflisa Soris;
saCino, viTarca mze varskulavTa Soris;
brwyinvale, viTarca eTeri nivTTa Soris;
naTlis-fer, viTarca elvaQ RrubelTa Soris;
ciskrovan, viTarca aRmosavali kerZoTa Soris;
tkbil, viTarca are JamTa Soris;
RmrTis saxe, viTarca siyuaruli saTnoebaTa Soris;
gulis saTqumel, viTarca oqroQ miwaTa Soris;
elvare, viTarca DakinTi qvaTa Soris;
maRal, viTarca finiki nergTa Soris;
Suenier, viTarca vardi yuavilTa Soris;
aRmatebul, viTarca samoTxe queyanisa Soris;
Zlier, viTarca lomi mHecTa Soris;
mtkice, viTarca andamati ganukueTelTa Soris;
saxelganTqmul, viTarca nebroT gmirTa Soris;
axovan, viTarca iso wina mbrZolTa Soris;
moSurne viTarca finez mRdelTa Soris;
mHne, viTarca samfson msajulTa Soris;
ubrZolel, viTarca aqillev ellenTa Soris;
brZen, viTarca solomon mefeTa Soris;
mSDd, viTarca daviT cxebulTa Soris;
Suris-meZiebel, viTarca iosia SaravandedTa Soris;
uzaro, viTarca makedoneli mflobelTa Soris;
ganmadidebel flobisa, viTarca avRDstos keisarTa Soris;
kacTmoyuare, viTarca Cemi iesu RmerTTa Soris;
bunebiT RmerTi, madliT RmerT-qmnulTa Soris;
mHurvale, viTarca petre mowafeTa Soris;
175
sayuarel, viTarca iovane megobarTa Soris;

mkDrcxl, viTarca pavle mociqulTa Soris;
saxis-dasabam ucTomelisa qristeanobisa, viTarca didi kostantine TDTmpyrobelTa Soris;
simtkice keTilad msaxurebisa, viTarca Tevdosi skiptris mpyrobelTa Soris;
saTno uCanan eseni myudroebasa Sensa; gansuenebul arsa amaT zeda siborotisa
sulTaQ mdevneli daviTiani suli Seni, romelni ese aw ZRunad mogarTuna Sen
mwyobrman SenTa amaT nazirevelTa simravlisaman, raQTa Sen miarTune eseni RmerTsa da mowyale hyo amaT mier wyalobis moyuare ufali, romel moswrafebiT
SemokrebaQ ubrZane Sen, da didisa amis da RmrTisa saTnoQsa warmarTebisa Tana
Suamdgomelad RmrTisa mimarT moigen, viTarca sakuTarni monani, raQTa romelime
RmrTisa saxisa mRdelT-mTavrobisa mier maxlobel eqmnebodis SenTDs RmerTsa;
xolo romelime mRdelT-SuenieriTa meoxebiTa SeesakuTrebodis dambadebelsa;
sxuasa sulTqumani moaqunden, sxuasa gandnobaQ cremliTa, sxuasa Rame-yovelobiTni mRDZarebani, sxuasa Hmel-sareclobaQ, sxuasa raQTurTiT araras qonebaQ
keisrisasa yovelsave RmrTisasa, mxolod HorcTa oden da maTca marxviTa ganleulTaQ; sxuasa sityuaQ, daRaTu mdabali da undoQ, garna arave uermoQ, arca
umusikeloQ momzidvel yofad smenisa, amis Tana Semsgavsebulica ZalisaQ, yovelTa
litaniobaQ, yovelTa vedrebaQ, yovelTa erTHmobaQ; viTarmed daviT keTilad
msaxurisa da RmrTivdacvulisa mefisa Cuenisa mravalmca arian weliwadni.
[mosaHsenebelni] keTilad msaxurisa da RmrTiv-dacvulisa mefisa Cuenisa giorgi
mefeTa mefisa da yovlisa aRmosavalisa da dasavalisa kesarosisa, mravalmca
arian welni.
keTilad msaxurisa da RmrTis-moyuarisa dedoflisa Cuenisa marTa avRDstinaisni, mravalmca arian welni.
daviT RmrTis-msaxurisa da RmrTiv-dacvulisa mefisa Cuenisa afxazTa da
qarTvelTa, ranTa da kaxTa TDTmpyrobelisa, mravalmca arian welni.
wmidisa dedoflisa da RmrTiv-sulierisa dedisa Cuenisa, mariam monazonisa,
saukunomca ars HsenebaQ.
iovane wmidisa mTavarepiskoposisa, Cuenisa kaTolikosisa da yovlisa saqarTveloQsa yovlad Rirsisa mamaTmTavrisa, mravalmca arian welni.
wmidisa berisa da sulierisa mamis Cuenisa evstrati monazonisa, mravalmca...
Rirsisa meufisa Cuenisa da Tualad wmidisa amis krebisa cnobilisa giorgi
monazonisa da mwignobarTa uxucesisa, mravalmca...
yovlad RirsTa krebisa amis yovelTa mamaTa mRdelTmTavarTa, mRdelTa da
monazonTa, mravalmcaa...
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sjulierisa moRuawisa arseni monazonisa kaliposelisa, mravalmca...

yov elni mca ma rT lm adideb elni kurT xeul a ri an, yo velni mwva lebelni
SeCuenebul arian.
keTilad msaxurTa da marTlmadidbelTa pirvel aRsrulebulTa sanatrelTa
mefeTa CuenTa, saukunomca ars HsenebaQ da kurTxevaQ maTi.
sanetrelTa da wmidaTa kaTolikosTa da netarTa mRdelTmTavarTa da mRdelTa, saukunomca...
saukunoQsa netarebisa RirsTa da didTa mnaTobTa CuenTa efTDmi da giorgi
mTawmidelTaQ, saukonomca...
RirsTa mamaTa CuenTa daviT tbelisa da stefane sananoQs ZisaQ, saukunomca...
dausrulebelisa netarebisa mkDdrTa, berTa CuenTa, saba sulaQs Zisa da antoni
tbelisa da efrem mciraQsaQ [da arseni monazonisa iyalTelisaQ] saukunoQ...
RirsebiT moxsenebulTa mamaTa, efTDmi grZelisa, iovane rexues ZisaQ SviliTurT, miqel WuaisaQ da giorgi berisaQ saukunomca...
kualadca vityDT: :
yovelnimca mwvalebelni SeCuenebul arian.
yovelnimca marTlmadidebelni kurTxeul arian.
yovelTa marTlmadidebelTa welnimca mraval arian.
yovelTa marTlmadidebelTa saukunomca ars HsenebaQ.
yovelni mwvalebelni saukunodmca SeCuenebul arian.
yovelTa mwvalebelTa, saukunomca ars wyevaQ da dausrulebeli SeCuenebaQ. 49 2
q ar Tuli s amar T lis Ze gl eb i, t. III, 19 70 , g v. 106-127.

sjul iskanon is (197 5) Zegl isweris teqst Tan - g v. 543-559.
49 2
t eq st i Se j er eb ul ia didi
177
sakanonmdeblo kreba giorgi brwyinvales dros (1335 w.)

1335 w. mefe giorgi brwyinvalem moi-
krebam ganixila Semdegi sakiTxi: imis
wvia sakanonmdeblo kreba, romelSic

mefis Semdeg upirvelesi piri, rogorc
TviTon mefe brZanebs iyo `wmida meufe
da qarTlis kaTalikozi evfTvime~. episkoposebTan erTad sakanonmdeblo saqmianoba-
Semdeg, rac mefe dimitris Zem, giorgi
Si monawileobdnen vezirebi, mouravebi,

Temisa da Temis erisTavebi, xevisTavebi,
xevisberebi da `herovanni~. mefis, umaRlesi ierarqebisa da mTavrobis umaRlesi pirebis monawileobiT es kreba miagavs
moCnda, rom rogorc i. doliZe wers _

`CamorCenil mTiulebs esaWiroebodaT
saxelmwifo darbazobas, romelmac ganixila Seqmnili viTareba da gamosca Sesabamisi kanonebi, rogorc TviTon krebis
oqmi brZanebs. am kanonebSi gadmocemuli
iyo `sasjulo saqme da saeklesio, risic ginda sasaqmosa kacis mkvlelTa,
eklesiis mkrexvelTa, colis damgdebelTa
ubralosaTa, anu wamgvrelTa~. 493
krebis mier gamocemuli samarTali,
romelic cnobilia saxelwodebiT `samarTali mefisa giorgisa~, Seicavs eklesiisadmi miZRvnil zogierT muxls,
magram mTlianobaSi igi warmoadgens ara
saeklesio, aramed saero, anu `msoflio~ samarTals, amitomac aRniSnavs
kidec kreba _ `Cven msofliosa misi
sisxli da pativi da sasaqmo gagviCenia~, 494 magram kreba iqve brZanebs, Tuki
raime sxva samarTlebrivi sakiTxi wamoiWreba, misi gadaWra eklesiis meTaurebs SeuZliaT _ `sxva rac sasjulo
sakiTxavi iyos, igi kaTalikozman da maT
ganaCenTa maT zeda episkoposTa maT hkiTxon~. 494 kreba, i. doliZis gamokvlevis
Tanaxmad, Sedga 1335 wels. 495
49 3
49 5
brwyinvalem Tavisi taxtisa da skiptris ganmtkicebis mizniT Semoiara Tavisi

sabrZaneblis mTiani mxare Jinvalidan
darialamde da ukan _ muxranamde, aR-
adgilobrivi xasiaTis sakanonmdeblo

Zegli~. marTalia, gaerTianebuli saqarTvelos samefosaTvis XI-XIII ss-Si arsebobda samarTlis wignebi, samefo sjulmdebloba, magram ìsini Seusabamoni da
gamousadegarni iyvnen CamorCenili, ganviTarebis patriarqalur safexurze mdgomi mTiuli mosaxleobisaTvis~. 496
amitomac krebam giorgi brwyinvales
nebiT ganizraxa Seedgina adgilobrivi
mniSvnelobis samarTlis wigni. misi erTerTi wyaro yofila beqa mandaturTuxucesis kanonebi, `giorgi brwyinvalis sakanonmdeblo krebam gamoiyena saaTabagos samarTlis saTanado normebi mTiulTa sjulmdeblobisaTvis~. 497
`Zeglis dadeba Sedgeba Sesavlisa da
46 muxlisagan. igi sisxlis samarTlis
kanonmdeblobis _ `sisxlis ganaCens~ warmoadgens, samoqalaqo samarTlis sakiTxebs
mxolod oriode muxli exeba~. 497 samarTali, Tavdapirvelad, muxlebad dayofili
ar yofila. Cans, muxlebad vaxtang VIis komisias dauyvia.
es kreba `Tbilis qalaqsa~ Catarebula, rogorc `Zeglis dadebis~ Sesavlidan Cans.
Zeg lis dadeba me feT mef is gior gis mier, Ses avali, q.s.Z. , 1963, t. I, gv. 40 2; 49 4 q.s .Z. I. gv. 4 02;
iqve , gv. 616; 49 6 i. doliZe , Zeglis dadeb a, q.s .Z. I. gv. 615; 49 7 iqv e, gv. 617.
178
aRsaniSnavia, rom saqarTveloSi gamoy-
Zleba àTsa TeTrs zeda ori TeTri miec-
enebul sjulmdeblobas am Zeglis mixedviT

`qarTvelT sjuli~ erqva. valis, anu fu-
es~. 499 marTlac, vaxSis aReba ikrZaleba

saeklesio samarTliT. zogadad, ra Tqma
lis sesxad aRebis Semdeg, misacemi procenti, anu `sargebeli arc qarTvelT
sjulsa Sigan Ze wesad rome aiRon da
arc sxvaTa sjulTa uweria da sargebeli aris uweso~ (muxli 46-e, samarTali
unda, gansaxilveli samarTali saeklesio samarTals efuZneboda. rogorc i.

doliZe aRniSnavs, Sua saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi `saqarTvelo mWidro kulturul da saxelmwifoebriv urTierTobaSi
mefis giorgisa). 498 `sxva sjulSi~ Cans,

igulisxmeba bizantiuri samarTali. maSas-
imyofeboda bizantiasTan. qarTulma samarTalma Taviseburad daamuSava da gam-
adame, arc qarTuli da arc berZnuli

samarTliT valis `sargeblis~ aReba ar
SeiZleba, anda ukidures SemTxvevaSi Sei-
oiyena bizantiuri samarTlis zogierTi

instituti da moxdenilad Seufarda isini
Cveni cxovrebis sinamdviles~. 500
`Zeglis dadeba mefeTmefis giorgis mier~
[amokrefili muxlebi]
Cuen, mefeTmefeman giorgim, Zeman yovelTa Soris warCinebulisa mefeTmefis
dimitrisaman, davdeviT Zegli-ganaCeni ese mas Jamsa, odes SevediT mTiulTa Sigan
mosavlelad RmrTis mowyalebiTa yovlgniT ucileblad qonebasa Sina samefosa
Cuenisasa da ucileblad pyrobasa taxtisa da skiptrisasa.
warvediT taxtiT CueniT qalaqiT da SevediT sasaxlesa Cuensa Jinvansa. da
muniT mivediT Hada-cxaots da movasxeniT yovelni muneburni xevisberni da herovanni, da gavigoneT maTni saqmeni, davsxediT maTsa sasaqmosa.
da mivediT darielamdis da vscaniT ese, romel RmrTiv gDrgDnosanTa da
sanatrelTa CuenTa CamomavalTa mefeTagan amad ar gasCenoda ZegliTa gaCeniTa da
dadebiTa sisxlisa da sxuaTa mravalTa uwesoTa mimZlavrebulTa saqmeTa: romelTame saqmisa romlisaTDsme hprianebodaT aRreviT yofa erTmaneTsa Sigan, da
romelTame sxDs Jamisa SemosrulobisaTDs ukue gaCena ver swreboda-Ra srulad
mTiulTa saqmis moklebasa da gaCenasa.
da Jam-guces, mowyalebiTa RmrTisaTa darieliT mobrunvebulTa viloceT
lomisis mTavarmowamis winaSe da CamoviareT cxrazmis xevi da movikuliveT muneburi sasaqmo.
49 8
i. doliZe , Zeglis dadeb a, q.s .Z. I, gv. 420;
49 9
iqve , gv. 421;
500
iqv e, gv. 678.
179
movediT muxrans, sazamTrosa Cuensa davdegiT, da SemovediT qalaqsa da SemovitaneT Temisa da Temis erisTavni da HevisTavni da Hevisberni da herovanni.
davsxediT da davsHT wmida meufe da qarTlisa kaTalikozi evfTvime, davsxiT
vezirni da ebiskopozni da mouravni, da gavigoneT, romel didi usamarTlo da
mZlavrebuli qmniliyo erTmaneTsa zeda, da sisxlis msubuqobisaTDs advil Cnda
erTmaneTis Ralatad dasxma da daqceva cixeTa, sikudili, colis wagura da
ubralod dagdeba, da mravalferni ulusoba da yol samarTali aRar iyo-Ra.
da dReisiT winaT-Ra erTmaneTis sayofTa saqmeTa amad aRar SemoviReT, _
erTmaneTis amosula ar iqneboda, ganaCen-daudebloba eqmnaT.
da aw yuela gavaCineT, ra rigad vis ra eyos erTmaneTis avi, sisxli dges anu
sxua sasaqmo ra ginda ra iyos _ gardaHdes.
juarTa yels aqeT, Hada-cxaots, zandukis Hevs, kibeT queSeT da menesos zemoT
es ganaCeni davdeviT.
sasjulo saqme da saeklesio, risac ginda sasaqmosa, _ kacis mkulelTa,
eklesiis mkrexvelTa, colis damgdebelTa ubralosaTa, anu wamgurelTa, _ sxua
rac sasjulo sakiTxavi iyos, igi kaTalikozman da maT, ganaCenTa maT zeda
ebiskopozTa, maT hkiTxon.
Cuen msofliosaa misi sisxli, pativi da sasaqmo gagDCenia.
dReisiTgan waRma esreT iqmnas.
[lomisisa glexisa asre iyos] 42. lomisisa vinc glexi moklas, Tu mefeTagan
Sewirulia, gina sxuaTa visganme, aTasxuTasi TeTri daeurvos. TaviT ZueliTgan
gaCenili aris lomisis samZRvarsa zeda, _ amieri Hada-cxaotis mimdgomi aris, _
da agreve gaCeniT iyos.
valis saqme asre gavaCineT 46. sargebeli arc qarTvelT sjulTa Sigan Zes
wesad, rome aRiRon, da arc sxuaTa sjulTa uweria. da sargebeli aris uweso.
da Tu radme mimcemi kaci esre avi iyos, rome sargebeli aRiRos, ra ginda ra
xani gamosuliyos, aTsa TeTrs zeda ori TeTri mieces, _ razomi didi xani
daeyos, amis mets nuras miscems da arc samarTalia misacemlad.
da Tu dia raTme avi kaci ar aris, arc amisi aReba marTebs.
samarTali esreT yon yovelTa. 50 1
501
qar Tuli s amarTl is Zegl ebi, t . I, 19 63, gv . 401-421.
180
Wulevis sakanonmdeblo kreba (1381-1386 ww.)

XIV s-is 80-ian wlebSi mesxeTSi,
los saxelmwifos aTabag-amirspasalari-
Wulevis monasterSi, (Tanamedrove adigenis raionSi) Sedga saeklesio sakanon-
aRbuRa da sxva adgilobrivi umaRlesi
mdeblo kreba, romelic moiwvia aTabagamirsp asalarma aR buRam. i. d oliZis

azriT, es kreba unda Catarebuliyo 1381-
ic amave dros safaris moZRvari iyo).
1386 wlebSi. `me aTabag-amirspasalarman

aRbuRa, movaxseneT patiosansa mawyverelsa da biZaTa CemTa, SaSiasa da missa
Zmas safaris moZRvarsa pafnutis, xuTsave Temsa samcxisasa, taovelTa, SavSTa da klarjTa da maT Sina myofTa
episkoposTa da meudabnoeTa, moweseTa
mowmobiTa, mindobilni RmrTisani da yovlad wmidisa RvTismSobelisani~. 502 am krebis mier gamocemuli samarTali gavrcelda mTel saqarTveloSi, rogorc saeklesio da saqveyno moqmedi samarTali.
Cven adre vwerdiT, rom saeklesio
kreba saqarTveloSi warmoadgenda amave
dros saxelmwifo darbazis sxdomas, maSasadame, krebas episkoposebsa da sasuliero warmomadgenlebTan erTad eswrebodnen darbaiselnic darbazis wevrebic
xelisufalni (SaSia da misi Zma, romelra warmoadgenda krebis ganxilvis

sagans? xelnaweris saxiT Semonaxuli
krebis oqmidan Cans, rom krebam ganixila da uklebliv daamtkica 70-80 wliT
adre, daaxloebiT 1295-1304 wlebSi
Sedgenili beqa mandaturTuxucesis samarTali. krebam am samarTals daurTo
Tavis mier SemuSavebuli axali kanonebi, romelTa amoqmedebis mizezi Seiqna
droTa viTarebaSi `Semosuli uweso
sa qm ee bi ~, g ar da a mi sa , ga ni sa zR vr a
saqarTveloSi SemoRebuli axali fulis
erTeulis nominalic da misi moqmedebis
areali gaavrceles mesxeTSi.
saeklesio krebam beqas kanonebs daumata 33 muxli, romelic aRbuRa aTabagamirspasalaris samarTlis saxeliTaa
amJamad cnobili, radganac swored igi
iyo meTauri da iniciatori axali kanon-
mefis meTaurobiT, anu ukeT rom vTqvaT,

darbazoba saeklesio sakiTxTa ganxilvis dros saeklesio krebas warmoadgen-
ebis SemoRebisa Tavis sabrZanebelSi (sam-
da. Wulevis krebasac eswrebodnen mesxeTis episkoposebi, kerZod, TviT samcxidan mowveulni taoeli, SavSeli, klarjeli episkoposebi, gansakuTrebuli adgili eWiraT awyurisa da safaris sa-
iyo, ewyina sapatioTa kacTa da mis winaSe
suliero pirebs, sxva `moweseebs~ da meudabnoe mamebs. saero pirTagan ki gamoirCeodnen samTavro saxlis meTauri, romelic amave dros iyo sruliad saqarTve-
Ras `sapatio kacebisaTvis~ ucnobebia,
502
cx eSi ). Se qmn il i v iTa re bis ga mo
`laSqarTa Sina cxenis parva SeqmnilsapatioTa msxdomTa kacTa... esreT gaaCines. 503 maSasadme, kanonebi SemuSavda
`sapatio msxdomTa kacTa~ mier. iqamde
ki Seqmnili mdgomareobis Sesaxeb aRbumaT ki Tavis mxriv sxdoma, anu Sekreba
mouwveviaT, es iyo swored Wulevis saeklesio kreba.
qar Tuli samarTlis Zegleb i, t. I. 1963. gv. 425;
503
iqv e, gv. 450.
181
krebam, rogorc aRvniSneT, Tavdapirve-
gadascemoda. Tu erTi mxare gadaixvewe-
lad ganixila beqa mandaturTuxucesis

kanonebi da aRiara igi qmediTunarianad
(sul 65 muxli), Semdgom ki mas axali
muxlebi daumata (e.w. aRbuRas kanonebi). Tavdapirvelad, kanonebi muxlad day-
boda, `mamuli patronsa aqundes jayelsa da mawyverelsa~, e.i. mamuli damnaSaves CamoerTmeoda da jayelsa da mawyverels gadaecemoda. aseve iyo, agreTve,
roca aznauri aznaurs moklavda.
ofili ar yofila, aramed dayofili iyo

mTavar nawilebad sakiTxebis mixedviT.
sabolood ki krebam aRniSnul (beqasa
da aRbuRas) kanonebs daurTo ZvelTa-
22-e muxlis Tanaxmad, Tu Zma Zmas

moklavda, damnaSaves unda gadaexada `patronis~ (jayelis) da `laSqris~ sasargeblod da, agreTve, mawyverelis an sxva
ganve arsebuli e.w. `bagrat kurapalatis samarTlis~ muxlebi da agreTve

kanonikuri samarTlis muxlebi Sedgenili TviT Wulevis k rebis mier. e.i.
gamocemul iqna samarTlis axali krebuli, romelic Tavis mxriv Setanil iqna
vaxtangis `samarTlis wignebis krebulSi~. i. doliZis gamocemis mixedviT, Zegli
Seicavs sul 170 muxls, aqedan beqas
samarTals miekuTvneba 1-65 muxli, aRbuRas _ 66-98, bagrat kurapalats
99-160, kanonikur samarTls 161-170,
kanonTa bolos SecdomiT, ganmeorebiT
adgilobrivi episkoposis sasargeblod:

èpiskoposman misi wesi icis, raca marTebs, man uyos~. 50 5 33-e muxlSi naxsenebia `patroni mawyvereli~. `patrons~,
sxva muxlis Tanaxmad, SeeZlo damnaSavis `morbeva, mamulis waReba, gaZeveba~ da sxv. (muxli 40). saerTod, samarTali ixilavs sasjelebs mkvlelobis,
sxeulis dazianebis, Seuracxyofis, ciliswamebis, sqesobrivi danaSaulis, qalis motacebis, colis an qmris dagdebis, gaZarcvis, qurdobis, meqrTameobis,
Ralatis, TviTnebobis dros. agreTve,
miuweriaT ramdenime kanoni. 504

beq a-aRbu Ras sa marTl is wig nis
umTavres nawils sisxlis samarTlis
normebi Seadgens. saTanado adgili aqvs
daTmobili saeklesio da samoqalaqo samarTalsac. magaliTad, mawyvereli episkoposis adgili sasamarTlo warmoebisas
Seicavs samoqalaqo samarTlis muxlebs,

romlebic ganixilaven sakuTrebis uflebas, giravnobas, nasyidobas, mibarebas,
sesxs, Cuqebas, Tavdebobas, Txovebas, saojaxo samarTals, memkvidreobas. sasamarTlo wyobilebasa da sasamarTlo warmoebas eZRvneba muxlebi, romlebic ganix-
gaTanabrebulia patron-aTabagTan, muxlebSi 1, 4, 18, 22, 25, 33, 40.

pirveli muxlis Tanaxmad, patronad
iwodeba mawyvereli, iseve, rogorc aTabagi. `sisxlis ganaCenis~ aRniSnuli
muxliT, Tu didebuli didebuls moklavda, adgilze unda misuliyo àTabagis
kaci~ da `mawyverelis xati~, Semdeg
moSuRar mxareTa Soris mtroba unda
Sewyvetiliyo da saqme sasamarTlos unda
ilavs bWisa da bWobis, Suakacis, ficis da moficaris, mowmis, werilobiT

sabuTebis sakiTxebs. 506
beqasa da aRbuRas samarTlis wignis
boloSi darTulia kanonebi bagrat kurapalatisa da saeklesio dadgenilebebi.
i. doliZis TvalsazrisiT, am kanonebis
sjulmdebeli unda iyos mefe bagrat IV
(1027-1072) da mas unda mieweros beqasa
da aRbuRas samarTlis wignis 99-160
504
q.s .Z., t . I. g v. 621;
505
iqve , gv. 433;
506
iqv e, gv. 622.
182
kanonebi. sxva mecnierTa azriT, rogorc
SeuZlia misi Sepyroba im SemTxvevaSic,
ganvixileT, es kanonebi ekuTvnis bagrat

kurapalats (IX s.). es kanonebi èpiskoposTa, didebulTa da aznaurTa da WkuianTa kacTa mefeTa winaSe erTbamad~ SeumuSavebiaT, anu `gauCeniaT~ `gangebiTa
Tuki mefe piradad miiCnevs episkoposs

arasasurvel pirad. kanonmdebloba sasuliero da saero umaRles xelisufalT
(am SemTxvevaSi, mefesa da episkoposs)
aTanabrebs. es principi, i. doliZis azriT,
RmrTisaTa~. 507 maSasadame, kanonebis SemuSavebaSi eklesiis ierarqebs _ episkoposebs didebulebTan erTad miuRiaT
monawileoba. muxlebis erTi nawili saek-
momdinareobs bizantiuri samarTlidan. 509

es principi asaxulia vaxtangis samarTlis wignis 25-e muxlSic _ `mefisa da
kaTalikozis saqme... orisave swori aris,
lesio saqmeebs awesrigebs, amitomac es

samarTali saeklesio samarTlis wyaroa.
p ir v e li v e m u x li mo u w od e b s m o sa marTleebs `marTali samarTali unda gaaCinoT RvTis SiSiT, qrTamisa da Tnebis
gareSe~. sasurvelad miiCnevda mosamarTle momrigeblad daadginon `moZRvari~
an sxva sapatio piri. 103-e muxliT, Tu
episkoposi damnaSavea mefis winaSe, mefes
ar SeuZlia misi Sepyroba, aramed episkoposs evaleba `Sexvewa, Sekazmva mefisa~.
gansakuTrebiT sainteresoa da cnobilia
bagrat kurapalatis samarTlis 102-e
amitom rom erTi xorcis xelmwifea da

meore sulisa~.
mefisa da episkoposis uflebrivad
gaTanabrebis principi aseve gatarebulia bagratis samarTlis 103-e muxlSic, romlis Tanaxmad sjulis, eklesiis,
episkoposisa da mefis winaSe damnaSave mRvdeli, moZRvari an monazoni
ar e qve md eba re bod a S ep yro ba s. mi si
qmedeba unda gamoeZiaT da Tanxis gadaxdiT daesajaT.
ufro meti, 105-e muxlis Tanaxmad,
didebulis Tu sxvaTa mier sasuliero
muxli, romelSic naTqvamia _ `meore

mefe episkoposi ars~. mTlianad es muxli aseTia _ `Tu mefe episkopozsa gauwyres, gina usamarTlod, gina samarTliT,
xelTa Sepyroba Y arca maSin moxdebis,
amisaTvis ra Yme meore mefe episkopozi
ars da qristianeTa sjulisa damamtki-
piris SepyrobisaTvis sasjeli Sempyrobs

daedeboda. aseve isjeba Semdegi muxliT
mRvdlis meuRlis `momyinvebeli~. 106-e
muxliT didebuli, romelic episkoposs
Seaginebda, didi xvewnis Semdeg 40.000
TeTrs gadaixdida. xolo imave qmedebisaTvis aznauri 20.000 TeTriT daisje-
cebeli da ra Yca mefesa sjulisa saqme

aqvs, agre Seiwynaren~. 508
maSasadame, episkoposisa da mefis iuridiuli wona samarTlis samsjavros
winaSe Tanabaria, amitomac Tuki episkoposi damnaSavea kanonis winaSe, igi iseve
unda daisajos, ra sasjelsac kanonmdebloba iTvaliswinebs mefisaTvis mocemuli
danaSaulis SemTxvevaSi. mefes damnaSave
episkoposis Sepyroba ar SeuZlia, ar
boda, sazogadod, momdevno muxlebi umetesad eklesias, anda sasuliero pirebs

Seexeba, ase rom, bagrat kurapalatis
samarTalic saeklesio samarTlis wyaroa.
sainteresoa 121-e muxli, romlidanac
vigebT, rom eklesiaSi `qveynis samlocvelod~ dasvenebul macxovris xatisaTvis qveyana valdebuli iyo Seewira 30 glexi, e.i. maTgan Semosavali
u nd a mo x m ar e b od a xa t i s m o vl a - pa -
507
q.s .Z., t . I. g v. 464 ;
508
iqv e, gv 464;
509
iqv e, gv. 641.
183
tronobas, dacvasa da mis winaSe locvis
sio sasjelis garda). kreba 165-e, 168-
saqmes. yovladwmida RvTismSoblis xatisaTvis 12 glexi unda SeewiraT, am-
170-e muxlebis dasasruls iTvaliswinebs

sanqcias, rom damnaSave `kanonsameca qveSe
denive glexi iyo dadgenili sxva xatebisTvisac. amiT iyo gamowveuli is, rom
udidesi ganZi, Zvirfasi xatebi da saeklesio nivTebi eklesia-monastrebSi saukuneTa manZilze SesaniSnavad iyo daculi.
iqnebis wmidaca mociqulTaca~ _ rac

kanonikuri samarTlis formulas warmoadgens. 510 amitomac, aseTi muxlebis,
anu sakanonos dadeba SeeZlo swored
saeklesio krebas da asec moqceula Wu-
zemoT moyvanili muxlebi episkoposTa

xelSeuxeblobis Sesaxeb saqarTveloSi
levis kreba. kanonebSi moxseniebuli

`sapiro da sanaxSiro~ unda niSnavdes,
imdenad gaTavisebuli iyo, rom mxolod

ucxoelebma _ sparselebma da rusebma
gabedes misi darRveva _ magaliTad,
samomrigeblos, samosalaparakeblos, anu

mxareTa Soris molaparakebisa da morigebis miRwevisaTvis gankuTvnil gasamrje-
rodesac rostom-xanma evdemoz kaTali-
los. `sanaxSo~ salaparako adgils erq-
kosi moakvlevina da rusma xelisuflebma

ki cemiT mokles dosiTeos quTaTeli
mitropoliti, imereTis kaTalikosis adgilze mjdomi.
va. samarTali, ZiriTadad, msoflio saeklesio krebaTa kanonebs eyrdnoba.

i. doliZe wers: `samcxe-saaTabagos
samTavros saSinao marTva-gamgeoba mTli-
Wulevis saeklesio krebas, rogorc

aRvniSneT, mouZiebia da daurTavs aRbuRas kanonebisaTvis beqa mandaturTuxucesis da, agreTve, bagrat kurapalatis
anad patron _ aTabagis mier damoukideblad xorcieldeboda. ìmxanad saqarTvelos mTlianoba imdenad daSlili iyo,
rom mefes TiTqmis aRaraviTari Zala aRar
kanonebi. Wulevis krebas unda daematebina mTeli am samarTlis krebulisaTvis

e.w. `kanonikuri samarTlis~ muxlebi.
krebas am kanonebiT surda RalatiT Zmis
hqonda~. 51 1 sakanonmdeblo xelisufleba

saaTabagoSi patron aTabags ekuTvnis da
igi am uflebas saqarTvelos mefisagan
damoukideblad axorcielebs, igi aRWur-
Tu sxva kacis mkvlelis, asoTa moWris,

brZolaSi moklulis gaZarcvis, usamarTlod saxelgatexili kacis mokvlis,
kanonieri colis wagvris, sasuliero
piris RalatiT mokvlis da sxva msgavsi
vilia uzenaesi sasamarTlo xelisuflebiTac~. 512 magram sagangebod unda aRiniSnos, rom patroni aTabagi araa TviTmpyrobeli xelisufali, mis samTavroSi zogierTi gansakuTrebuli saxelisuflo da
uzneo qmedebis aRmofxvra. amitomac

yovel muxls axlavs damarRvevlis wyevlis formula. sazogadod, qurdobis, ek-
sasamarTlo ufleba miniWebuli aqvs eklesias, kerZod ki - awyuris episkoposs

(mawyverels). àwyuris episkoposis sasa-
lesiis gatexis, venaxis aWris, saydris

saqonlis motacebis, cecxlis wakidebasa da sxva danaSaulSi mxilebuli
damnaSaveebi wyevliTac isjebodnen da,
marTlo iurisdiqcias eqvemdebareboda

mTeli rigi mniSvnelovani sisxlisa da
samoqalaqo samarTlis saqmeebi (beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis mixedviT). mawyvereli
agreTve, Sesabamisi kanoniTac (saekle-
aTabagTan erTad axorcielebs umaRles
q.s .Z. t. I. gv. 630; 511 iv. javaxiSvili, qarTve li eris istor ia, IV, 1941, gv. 14 3;
Zvel i qarT uli samarTal i, 1953, gv. 32.
510
512
i. doliZe,
184
sasamarTlo xelisuflebas. saaTabagos
veviTa da SemTxveviT miumates am sa-
saqarTvelos samefosagan gandgomam didi
kanonmdeblo Zegls~. 51 5 es Camateba i.

doliZis TvalsazrisiT, Seusrulebia
gavlena moaxdina mawyverelis damoukideblobaze da misi sasamarTlo iurisdiqciis

zrdaze. saaTabagoSi mawyvereli iseTive
umaRlesi saeklesio Tanamdebobis piri
iyo, rogorc kaTalikosi saqarTveloSi.
Tu aTabagi saqarTvelos mefes arafers
ekiTxeboda, mawyverelic damoukidebeli
iyo mcxeTis saeklesio kaTedrisagan. samcxe-saaTabagoSi igi damoukideblad axorcielebda umaRles saeklesio xelisuflebas da sjulmdeblobas~. 513 magram xazgasmiTaa aRsaniSnavi, rom `Tu sasuliero saqmeebSi mawyvereli uzenaesi piria,
saero samarTlis saqmeebSi is aTabagis
Tanasworia, masTan erTad axorcielebs
umaRles marTlmsajulebas~. 514
amiT (e.i. samarTlis sferoSi aTabagisa da mawyverelis TanasworobiT) aris
gamowveuli beqa-aRbuRas samarTlad cnobili wignebis Sedgeniloba. i. doliZis
TvalsazrisiT, beqasa da aRbuRas samarTali Tav dapirvelad 98 mu xlisagan
Sedgeboda (eyrdnoba 1672 wlis xelnawers), e.i. igi Sedgeboda mxolod beqa
mandaturTuxucesis da aRbuRa aTabagamirspasalaris samarTlisagan. mxolod
Semdgom saukuneebSi `sxva muxlebi SemTx-
513
`vaxtang mefis sakodifikacio komisias~.

Cveni Tvalsazrisi gansxvavdeba am mxriv.
Cveni fiqriT, WulevSi Sedga sakanonmdeblo saeklesio kreba, romelmac sabolood gamosca mTliani saxiT erTiani
sakanonmdeblo Zegli, romelic imTaviTve Sedgeboda rogorc beqasa da aRbuRas samarTlisagan, agreTve Seicavda 99160 (e.i. bagrat kurapalatis samarTals)
da rac umTavresia, krebis mier gamocemul
161-170 muxlebs (e.i. kanonikur samarTals). es gamowveuli unda yofiliyo
zemoaRniSnuli garemoebiT, kerZod, imiT
rom, marTalia patroni aTabagi saTaveSi edga samTavros sakanonmdeblo xelisuflebas, magram igi am udides uflebas iziarebda mawyverelTan erTad. eklesiis es uflebamosileba (samarTlis
sferoSi) kargad Canda uZveles adgilobriv (yofil tao-klarjeTSi) SemuSavebul ZeglSi, romelic bagrat kurapalatis samarTlis saxeliT iyo cnobili
(IX s-is Zeglia). am Zeglis CarTviT
Wulevis krebam eklesiis uzenaesi sasamarTlo da saxelisuflo uflebani kidev
erTxel gaxada TvalsaCino da kanonmdeblobis saxiT daamtkica.
i. diliZe , Zveli qarTuli samarTali, 1953, gv. 116;
514
iqve , gv. 117;
515
iqv e, gv. 42.
185
`bagrat kurapalatis, beqasa da aRbuRas kanonebi~,

`kanonikuri samarTali~
[Sesavali, beqa mandaturTuxucesis samarTlidan]. SeviyareniT WulevTa, mindobilni RmrTisani da awyuris RmrTismSoblisani, da... davideviT wina patronisa papiCemisa mandaturTuxucesis beqas ganaCeni da igi agreve srulobiT da
ukleblad davswereT.
da raca JamTa siaviTa sxvani uwesoni saqmeni Semosuliyvnen, maTi samarTalica
zeda daurTeT, asre rome, _ rac sisxlisa da gerSisa, dasxmisa da Ralatisa da
rasa ginda ferisa dasaurvebeli saqme iyos.
patronisa papisCemisagan ganaCeni yazanuri TeTri iyo da ama JamT-Siga yazanuroba aR-sadme-moklebuliyo (//). da didis warCinebulis mefis giorgis Jamisa
TeTri gavaCineT; oriani xuTi dangi wminda vercxli da rogoraca aw Jamisa TeTri
iyos, angariSiT ama wesiT aRiRebden.
amad ara CamovamcreviT, rome avi saqme nu visganme gaadvildebis.
awyurisa da safarisa, viTa ZveliTgan yofiliyo, arca didsa mefesa moeSala da
Cven ganaRamca agreTve davamtkiceT .
wigni samarTlisa kacTa Secodebisa yovlisave
saxeliTa RmrTisaQTa dausabamoQsa mamisa, Zisa da wmidisa sulisaQTa, meoxebiTa yovladwmidisa RmrTismSobelisaQTa da yovelTa wmidaTa zecisa da queyanisaQTa, me, aTabagamilspasalarman aRbuRa, movaHseneT patiosansa... mawyuerelsa da biZaZeTa CemTa, SaSiasa da
missa Zmas safaris moZRuarsa pafnutis; xuTsave Temsa samcxisasa, taovelTa, SavSTa da
klarjTa, da maT Sina myofTa episkopozTa da meudabnoveTa, moweseTa mowmobiTa. mindobilni RmrTisani da yovlad wmidisa RmrTismSobelisani, dav[i]deviT winaSe patronisa
papisCemisa beqaQs ganaCeni; igi srulobiT da ukleblad davwereT; da raQca JamTa siaDTa
sxuani uwesoni saqmeni Semosrul iyvnes, maTi samarTali zeda daurTeT, ase rome, _ raQca
sisxlisa, gerSisa dasxmisa, Ralatisa da raQsa ginda TeTrisa sauraDsa saqme iyos.
patonis papisCemisagan ganaCeni yazanuri TeTri iyo. ama Jamsa Sina yazanuroba arRara
iyo. didisa mefisa giorgis Jamisa TeTri gavaCineT: oriani xuTi dangi wmida vecxli. da
rogorca TeTri iyos, angariSad ima wesiTa aiRebodes. amad ara CamovamcreviT, rome avi
saqme nu visgan gaadvildebis.
awyurisa da safarisa viTa ZveliTgan yofiliyo, arca didsa patonsa moeSala, Cuen
ganaRamca egreTve davamtkiceT.
[bagrat kurapalatis samarTlidan] 100. vinca moZRuari iyos, anu mefeTa

winaSe zrdili da namyofi kaci iyos, anu kargi did-vaWari, anu kargi soflisa
186
mamasaxlisi iyos, ageTi kaci dasvi bWed, Wkuiani iqnebis da kargad ecodinebis
bWobaQ, da usamarTlos aras ityDs.
101. Tu ebiskopozman mefesa Sescodos, mefisagan Helad SepyrobaQ ara egebis,
amad rome misda muqafad sasjelisa damamtkicebeli ars.
SexuewaQ, SekazmaQ marTebs ebiskopozsa mefisaQ.
102. Tu mefe ebiskopozsa gauwyres, gina usamarTlod, gina samarTliTa, HelTa
SepyrobaQ arca maSin moHdebis, amisTDis rome meore mefe ebiskopozi ars da qristianeTa sjulisa damamtkicebeli.
da raQca mefesa sjulisa saqme aqus, agre Seiwynaren.
103. Tu moZRuarman anu mRdelman, anu monazonman mefesa anu ebiskopozsa
Sescodos, anu sjulsa, anu eklesiasa Sescodos, HelTa aravisgan Seipyrobis.
ga kiT xvaQ unda, da raQca mizezi daswam on, ma s m izezsa unda gamonaxv aQ
ga rdaHdevi neba Q.
104. vinca, anu didebulman, anu aznaurman, anu sxuaman vinme, monazoni anu
mRdeli mZlavrebiT HelTa Seipyras, raQsaca guarisa iyos, mis sisxlsa xuTi aTasi
sxuaQ ematos.
da Tu gua riani iyos anu Helismq onebeli, mi ssa si sxlsa naxev ari si sxli ema to s.
105. Tu kacman xucisa coli moayivnos, gina uzesTaesman, gina uquemoesman,
missa sisxlsa samoci aTasi TeTri sxuaQ ematos.
106. Tu ebiskopozsa didebulman aginos, ormoci aTasi TeTri dauurvos da
didad Seexuewis.
1 07 . Tu [eb isko po zsa] azna urma n aginos, di di T a SexuewiT a oci aT asi
TeTri dauurvo s.
108. Tu aznaurman anu didebulman mRdelsa aginos, anu uquemoesman, mesamedi
sixlisaQ dauurvos da didad Seexuewos.
109. Tu kacman kaci guemos da eklesiaQ gautexos, raQsaca guarisa iyos, sruli
sisxli dauurvos.
112. Tu igi eklesiaQ sanaxevro iyos, anu samesamedo, anu sameoTxedo, anu
samrevlo, angariSi qnan da agre dauurvos, raQca wili edvas.
visiTaca mizeziTa damarTebodes, sapiro man dauurvos. da ima eklesiisa moziareni gverca udgenda rome maTca ara gamoyon, ara emarTlebian.
113. Tu eklesiaQ mekobreTa gatexon patronisa ukiTxavad da ese daswamon, Sen
icodio, patronman mis mekobrisaman ucodneloba ficos ocdaoTxisa kaciTa da
daejerebis. mekobre HelTa misces, raQ ginda uyon, nu daemdurebis. alafica ukleblad Seaqcion, gina maT gamoiRon.
187
115. Tu eklesiasa daesxnen, xuTi aTasi TeTri dauurvon saupatiod.

121. sadaca macxovrisa xati esuenos samcvelod queyanisa, saupatiod ocdaaTi
glexi marTebs, Tormeti _ yovlad wmidisa, Tormeti _ mTavarangelozTa, Tormeti _ sxuaTa wmidaTa mRvdelT-moZRvarTa, mociqulTa, wmidis giorgisa, naTlismcemelisa da sxuaTa wmidaTa.
[kanonikuri samarTali] 161. romelmanca, vinca ginda didman, anu mcireman
kacman, RalatiT ZmaQ moklas da anu RalatiT sxuaQ kaci, krul da wyeul,
SeCuenebul iyavn dausabamoQsa RmrTisa piriTa.
da viTarisaca guarisa iyos kaci igi, orkeci sisxli dauurvos.
da vinca uSuelos da Seiwynaros, krul da wyeul, SeCuenebul iyavn.
162. vinca qristianeman kacman Zmas Tualni daswunes cxadad anu Ralatad, anu
mohkueTos raQme asoTagani, sisxli sruli da sanaxSiro dauurvos.
krul da wyeul, SeCuenebul iyavn, da cudmca ars mosaHsenebeli sicocxle da
sikudili misi.
163. brZolaTa Sina romelica kaci mokudes, abjrisagan kide tansacmelsa da
nifxav-perangsa nu vin moHdis.
krul, wyeul da SeCuenebul iyavn RmrTisa piriTa.
164. vinca mekobre, mejurmuce da mparavi kaci moklas, cxadad gamoCndes, rome
usamarTlo yofiliyos, _ vinca misman naTesavman da saSualTa misi sisxli ikiTxon, krul da SeCuenebul da wyeul iyavn.
165. romelman kacman vis ginda misi gDrgDn nakurTxi coli wauRos da mostacos, sruli sisxli dauurvos, rasaca guarisa iyos.
krul da wyeul da SeCuenebul [iyavn] piriTa RmrTisaQTa.
da kanonsamca queSe iqmnebis wmidaTa mociqulTasa.
166. romelmanca, vin ginda guarman kacman, xucesi, monazoni anu diakoni
malviT, RalatiT moklas, Seipyras da gaZarcos, ori keci sisxli dauurvos.
krul da wyeul da SeCuenebul [iyavn] suli da Horci misi.
167. romelmanca kacman ra ginda ra moiparos da gamoCndes, ornive Tualni
daewunen da anu Hel-ferHi daeWras.
Tu sapatiJosa adgilsa ara moeparos, vin iyiddes, viTaca daafason, egre
mihyidon, da naparevi dauklebliv missa patronsa misces.
da krul, wyeul da SeCuenebul iyavn.
168. romelmanca kacman, didman anu mcireman, raQsa ginda nivTianisa saqmisaTDs da mterobisaTDs, sisxlisa da valisa gardaHdisaTDis eklesiaQ gatexos anu
cecxli Seudvas da dawuas, anu cxadad anu idumal, kanonsamca queSe ars wmidaTa
mociqulTasa da wmidaTa krebaTasa.
188
krul da wyeul da SeCvenebul iyavn.

mcire ese dasaurvebeli gangDiCenia, _ raQca amisa eklesiisa dasaurvebeli
patiJi eweros da gaCenil iyos, orkeci dauurvos, da alafi raQca waeRos, uzRos.
amave kanonsa queSe iyos kaci igi.
169. romelmanca kacman, ginda sisxlisa da gulis tkivilisaTDis, venaHi
daWras anu xeni nayofierni, anu yanaQ daTibos, cxadad anu idumal, krul da wyeul
da SeCuenebul iyavn kaci igi caTa Sina da queyanasa zeda.
[1691]. vinca saydrisa saqonebelTa senakTa, agaraTa, saxlTa, beRelTa, maranTa da vis ginda sxuaTa kacisa mosaHmarebelTa RamiT cecxli Seudvas, raQsa
ginda sisxlisa [da] mterobisaTDs, raQsaca gulis tkivilisaTDs anu movalebisaTDs, krul, wyeul da SeCueneul iyavn igi kaci caTa Sina da queyanasa zeda.
da romlisaca saqmisaTDis qnas igi saqme, gardaHdes.
da viTarca adgili iyos, sisxli da patiJi gardaiHados da kanonsa queSe iyos.
da danaklebi uzRos.
170. vin ginda kacman raQsa ginda saqmisa da mterobisaTDs saydarsa da saydrisa
saqonebelsa malviTa anu cxadad cecxli Seudvas, dawuas ra ginda ra, cxadad
gamoCndes, saydris patiJad ocdaTormeti aTasisa TeTrisa dauurvos.
da krul da wyeul da SeCuenebul iyavn, da cudmca ars mosaHsenebeli suli da
Horci misi amas sofelsa da mas saukunosa dausabamoQsa RmrTisa madliTa da
kanonsa queSe ars wmidaTa mociqulTasa. 51 6
516
qar Tuli s amarTlis Zegl ebi, t. I., 1963, gv . 425-473.
189
caiS-bediis Sekreba (1470-1474 ww.)

XV s-is bolos saqarTveloSi Camo-
va-locvis, RvTismsaxurebis erTaderTi
sula antioqia-ierusalimis patriarqi

mixeili, misTvis umaspinZlia bedielcaiSel episkopos ioakimes, mefe bagrats,
dadia n-guriel S amadavlas, sxva
erisTavebs, didebulebs, aznaurebs. say-
ena iyo qarTuli ena. afxazeTis kaTalikosebi mudam qarTvelebi iyvnen iseve,
rogorc episkoposebi da cxadia, mrevlic. sabuTebi, sigelebi, gujrebi, warwerebi mxolod da mxolod qarTulad
ovelTao, saqveyno saWiroebisaTvis antioqiel patriarqs Zegliswerac dautovebia, romelsac boloSi `biWvintis
RvTismSoblisa saWeTmpyrobeli kaTalikozis~ beWedi azis. amitomac unda
iyo Sedgenili.
Cvenamde moRweulia gvarebi afxazeTis kaTalikosebisa, romelnic zeobdnen
antioqieli patriarqis mixeilis Semdeg,
yvelas gvari qarTulia, yvelani qarTu-
vifiqroT, rom antioqia-ierusalimis patriarqis mixeilis Camosvlisas moxda

Sekreba episkoposebisa, miT umetes, rom
am dros axali kaTalikosic ukurTxebiaT, rac, cxadia, episkoposTa Sekrebis
gareSe ar moxdeboda, amitomac maT TavSeyras SeiZleba `kreba~ uwodiT.
li eklesiis cnobili moRvaweni arian,

maT Sesaxeb da maTi xeliT Sedgenili
mravali dokumentia moRweuli, esenia:
malaqia abaSiZe (1519-1532), evdemon CxetiZe (1557-1578), eqvTime I sayvareliZe
(1578-1605), malaqia gurieli (1616-1639),
maqsime maWutaZe (1639-1657), zaqaria
zogierTi istorikosis TvalsazrisiT,

antioqielma patriarqma xeli daasxa
afxazeTis kaTalikoss, akurTxa igi da
amiT TiTqosda qarTuli eklesiis wiaRidan gamoyo lixT-imereTis (afxazeTis)
sakaTalikoso. am Tvalsazrisis gaziareba
ar SeiZleba. saqme isaa, rom rogorc
qvariani (1657-1660), simon CxetiZe (16601666), evdemon II sayvareliZe (1666-1669),

eqvTime II sayvareliZe (1669-1673), daviT nemsaZe (1673-1696), grigol lorTqifaniZe (1696-1742), germane wulukiZe,
besarion erisTavi (1742-1769), ioseb
bagrationi, maqsime abaSiZe (1776-1795)
antioqieli patriarqis XV s-Si saqarTveloSi Camosvlamde, ise mas Semdegac,

afxazeTis, anu dasavleT saqarTvelos
da sxvebi. arc erTi maTgani ar kurTxeula ucxo patriarqis mier, ase rom,
antioqieli patriarqis mixeilis mier
sakaTalikoso yovelTvis iyo qarTuli

eklesiis erT-erTi cocxali da Zlieri
nawili. mis mrevls warmoadgendnen dasavleT saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi qarTvelebi, romelnic mterTagan SedarebiT daculobis gamo, mtkiced inarCunebdnen
Zvel-qarTul adaTebs, wesebsa da Cveulebebs. am sakaTalikosoSi mudam, vidre
XIX s-mde, ruseTis mier saqarTvelos
afxazeTis kaTalikos ioakimes kurTxevas, Tu es namdvilad ase moxda, ar

SeuzRudavs dasavleT saqarTvelos sakaTalikosos TavisTavadoba _ avtokefalia, sxva, romelime ucxo eklesiis
sasargeblod, araviTari zegavlena ar
mouxdenia am mxriv mis kanonikur mdgomareobaze. SesaZlebelia ucxo patriarqma mixeilma monawileoba miiRo bedi-
eklesiis avtokefaliis gauqmebamde, wir-
eli episkoposis (ioakimes) kaTalikosad
190
kurTxevaSi, anda xeli Seuwyo mas, raTa
daeWira sakaTalikoso taxti. cxadia,
yovelive es ar amcirebs ucxo patriarqis mier saqarTvelos eklesiis sawinaaRmdegod mimarTul qmedebas, romelic kargad aqvs gamokvleuli iv. javaxiSvils. igi wers: `saqarTvelos swvevia
antioqiisa da ierusalimis patriarqi mixeili, Cveni qveyana Cveuli iyo am ucxoqveynel mRvdelmTavarTa stumrobasa da
kalmasobas, Tavis mogzaurobis gasamarTleblad da fulebis datyuebis gasaadvileblad, Tanac saqarTvelos Tavisi
mudmiv Semosavlis wyarod qcevisaTvis
ierusalimel-antioqieli patriarqebi
cdilobdnen mTeli TavianTi yofaqcevisaTvis kanonieri safuZveli moeZebnaT.
gankerZoebis momxre mefe-mTavrebi saqarTveloSi sargeblo bdnen am mRvdelmTavrebis mogzaurobiT TavianTi miznebis gansaxorcieleblad~. 517
CamosvlisTanave mixeili Tavis saqmes
Sesdgomia: ìqna gamoZieba da mokiTxva
gujarTa, davTarTa da iadgarTa, viTar
igi pirvelad qarTlisa da afxazeTisa
kaTalikozni antioqiisa patriarqisagan
ikurTxebodian~, _ wers antioqieli patriarqi. 518 maSasadame, am ucxoel patriarqs dauwyia qarTul saeklesio sabuTebSi
masalis moZieba imis dasamtkiceblad,
rom uZveles dros, qarTveli kaTalikosebi antioqiis patriarqisagan ikurTxebodnen. ratom ar moZebna man amis Sesaxeb
berZnuli sabuTebi TviT antioqiasa da
sxvagan? Cans, Zebna kidec, magram veraferisaTvis miugnia, marTlac, cnobilia,
rom pirdapiri ucxouri wyaroebi qarTuli eklesiis ucxour eklesiaze damokidebulebis Sesaxeb ar arsebobs, 519 ami-
tomac antioqieli patriarqi iZulebuli gamxdara TviT qarTul sabuTebSi
moeZebna raime masala. rogorc cnobilia, qarTul wyaroebSi moipoveba nawyvetebi efrem mcires naSromidan qarTuli eklesiis odesRac antioqia-ierusalimze damokidebulebis Sesaxeb. efrem
mcirem Tavis naSromSi ùwyeba mizezsa
qarTvelTa moqcevisasa~ gamoiyena berZnuli wyaroebi, magram, rogorc gamokvleuli gvaqvs, efrems ucxouri cnobebi,
romelnic exeboda `qvemo iberiis~ eklesias, miuCnevia zogadad qarTul, anu
ìberiis~ eklesiis Sesaxeb daweril cnobad. saqme isaa, rom ucxoelebi `qvemo
iberiis saarqiepiskoposos~ uwodebdnen
dasavleT saqarTvelos (afxazeTis) eklesias, xolo zemo iberiis saarqiepiskoposos aRmosavleT saqarTvelos (qarTlis) sakaTalikosos. efremis am naSromidan nawyvetebi Sesuli iyo sxvadasxva
saeklesio sabuTSi, swored maTTvis miugnia patriarq mixeils da ucdia gamoeyenebina Tavis sasargeblod. `cxadia, Tu
risTvis dasWirdeboda es cnoba mixeil
patriarqs. mas undoda am Zveli damokidebulebiT esargebla, igi antioqiis
mRvdelmTavarTa saqarTvelos eklesiaze
batonobis ganaxleba-aRdgenaze ocnebobda
ukve, rodesac mas cnoba xelT eqneboda, maSin gulubryvilo xalxs ufro
advilad daarwmunebda, rom saqarTvelos
eklesiis Sinaur saqmeebSi Carevis ufleba
hqonda da rogorc `JamTa siZvelisagan
da soflisa siveragisagan iyvnes mravalni
wesni SeSliT da gardaqceviT. 520 viTomc
amgvaradve qarTuli eklesiis TviTmwyemsoba da damoukidebloba ukanono da `SeSlil~ wesad undoda gamoecxadebina~. 521
iv. javax iSvili, Txzule bani, t. III, 1982, gv. 337; 518 `mc nebai s asjulo~, qarTul i samar Tlis
Zegl ebi, III, gv. 222; 519 a. jafariZe, saqarTvel os samociqulo ekles iis is toria, t. I, 1996, 315325; 520 samarTlis Zegl., III, gv. 222; 521 iv. javax iSvili, III, gv. 337.
517
191
`vakurTxeT kaTalikozi iovakim, mar-
ara separatizms, am sityvis klasikuri
jvena ierusalimisa afxazeTis kaTalikozi

da kurTxeulmca ars, davayeneT da davsviT yovelTa qristianeTa lixT-amerisa,
odiSisa, guriisa da afxazeTisa...
vakurTxeT~, 520 wers mixeil patriarqi.
gagebiT, aramed, piriqiT, surdaT centraluri xelisufleba maT xelSi gadasuliyo, TavianT Tavs ìmereTis~ an `kaxeTis~ mefeebs ki ar uwodebdnen, aramed
sruliad saqarTvelos kanonier mefee-
araa SemTxveviTi, rom igi mravlobiT

ricxvSi laparakobs, maSasadame, iovakime
afxazeTis, anu dasavleT saqarTvelos
kaTalikosad akurTxa ara marto man,
bad
warmoaCendnen Sesabamisi sruli
titulaturiT: `mefe afxazTa, qarTvelTa, ranTa, kaxTa~ da a.S. kuTxur-regionalur politikur erTeulTa meTau-
aramed sxvebmac. vis hqonda ufleba kaTalikosis kurTxevisa? avtokefalur eklesiaSi, rogorc aucilebeli wesi, kaTalikoss (e.i. meTaurs) akurTxebs episkoposTa kreba mocemuli eklesiisa, swored
amiT gamoixateba am eklesiis avtokefalia. rogorc Cans, dasavleT saqarTvelo s e pis kop ose bi Se kre bil an da
gamourCeviaT meTauri, patriarq mixeils
ki kurTxevaSi monawileoba miuRia.
rogorc Cans, ufro adre dasavleT
saqarTvelos (afxazeTis) kaTalikosis
kurTxevaSi aqtiur monawileobas iReb-
rebi TavianT Tavs miiCnevdnen sruliad

saqarTvelos mefeebis kanonier memkvidreebad, maSasadame, maTSi arsebobda survili saqarTvelos erTianobisa, oRond
TavianTi meTaurobiT. msgavsi procesi
yofila dasavleT saqarTvelos (afxazeTis) sakaTalikosoSic. afxazeTis kaTalikoss ara gamoyofa surda saqarTvelos eklesiidan, aramed miiswrafoda,
rom mas mikuTvneboda `sruliad saqarTvelos kaTalikos-patriarqis~ tituli, es
Cans 1712 wels Sedgenil Sewirulobis
wignSi `kaTalikos grigol lorTqifaniZ-
da q ar Tl is k aT ali ko si , ro me ls ac
agreTve hqonda tituli `saqarTvelos
patriarqisa~. axla ki igi axali kaTalikosis kurTxevaze ar miuwveviaT, anda
ver Casula. maSasadame, mixeilis dros
afxazeTis sakaTalikosom TavisTavadoba
ki ar dakarga antioqiis sasargeblod,
isa biWvinTisadmi~, am sabuTSi afxazeTis kaTalikosi Tavis Tavs `sruliad

saqarTvelos kaTalikoss~ uwodebs, kerZod, sabuTs boloSi azis beWedi aseTi
warweriT: `grigol mwyemsi qristes mier
yovlisa saqarTvelosa kaTalikozi~. 522
aqedan aSkarad Cans, rom afxazeTis
ar am ed man u fro ai ma Rla Ta vi si

damoukidebloba qarTlis kaTalikosis mimarT. afxazeTis erTi kaTalikosis sabuTi, romelsac qvemoT moviyvanT, uCvenebs,
rom im dros qarTul eklesiaSic dawyebula igive procesi, romelic ukve dawyebuli iyo qveyan aSi _ danawevreba
damoukidebel administraciul erTeulebad. aRsaniSnavia, rom garkveul dromde
imereTisa da kaxeTis mefeebi iCendnen
(dasavleT saqarTvelos) eklesia ara Tu

gamoeyo qarTul eklesias, piriqiT, swored
mas miaCnda WeSmarit qarTul eklesiad
Tavisi Tavi, xolo misi saWeTmpyrobeli
`yoveli saqarTvelos kaTalikozad~.
marTalia, administraciuli TvalsazrisiT qarTlisa da afxazeTis sakaTalikosoebi TavisTavadni iyvnen, magram
ar unda daviviwyoT analogiuri SemTxvevebi msoflio eklesiaSi. magaliTad,
522
qar Tuli s amarTl is Zeg lebi, III, gv . 1970 , gv. 675.
192
berZnul eklesiaSi arsebobs erTmane-
romelic afxazeTis sakaTalikosodanaa
Tis mima rT sr uliad avto kefal uri

berZnuli sapatriarqoebi (konstantinopolis, aleqsandriis, ierusalimis), saarqiepiskoposoebi (eladis, kviprosis), da
maT garda arsebobs agreTve avtonomi-
gamosuli, anda mas exeba, niSanwyalsac

ki ar Seicavs imisa, rom es sakaTalikoso ierusalim-antioqiis sapatriarqosadmia
daqvemdebarebuli. erTaderTi wyaro,
romelic TiTqosda aseTi mosazrebis
uri berZnuli saeklesio erTeulebi (Tesalonikis, aTonis) da sxv. analogiuri

md gom ar eob aa som xu r e kle si aSi c.
sulieri TvalsazrisiT erTian da mTlian
gamoTqmis nebas iZleva, aris Cveni gansaxilveli `mcneba Y sasjulo Y~, romelic, rogorc Cans, Zvel saqarTveloSi
ganixileboda ara viTarca iuridiuli,
somxur eklesiaSi arsebobdnen erTmaneTis mimarT avtokefaluri sapatriarqoebi

da sakaTalikosoebi (magaliTad, aRvanqis, anu albaneTis sakaTalikoso, daarsda VI-VIII ss-Si, iarseba 1813 wlamde),
ieru salimi s sapat riarqo (somxu ri),
daarsda VI s-Si, gamoeyo centralur
somxur sakaTalikosos 1311 wels, arsebobs amJamadac, aRTamaris sakaTalikoso (1113-18 95), kilikiis sakaTalikoso (arsebobs 1446 wlidan dRemde), konstantinopolis sapatriarqo (somxuri,
arsebobs 1461 wlidan), Tu ra Tqma
aramed istoriuli xasiaTis dokumenti.

ase, magaliTad, Tuki e.w. `kaTalikozTa
samarTals~ samoqmedo iuridiuli xasiaTis dokumentad miiCnevdnen Semdgomi
drois kaTalikosebi da mas `ganaaxlebdnen~ kidec, e.i. mis Zalmosilebas TavianTi xelis moweriT da kvlav xelaxla
amtkicebdnen, `mcneba Y sasjulo Ys~ xels
arc erTi imdroindeli episkoposi da
arc erTi Semdegi drois kaTalikosi ar
awers. am dokuments erTi xelismowerabeWedi azis, albaT, kaTalikosad axalnakurTxi iovakimesi.
unda, aRaras vityviT eCmiaZinis sapatriarqoze.

ze moT moyv anil ida n ga momd inar e,
yovelgvar safuZvelsaa moklebuli gancxadeba imisa, TiTqosda antioqiis patriarqis mixeilis qmedebaTa Sedegad àfxazeTis qarTuli eklesiis TviTmwysobis
zemoT moyvanilidan gamomdinare, arc

aseTi gancxadebaa swori: àm saqcieliT
patriarqma mixeilma, bagrat mefem da
dadian-gurielma Samadavlam qarTveli
eris saukeTeso SvilTa da mTeli xalxis mier saukuneTa brZoliT monapovari,
qarTuli eklesiis Tavisufleba mospes
ufleba Seilaxa, damoukidebloba moispo da ierusalim-antioqiis patriarqis

xelqveiTi Seiqmna~. 523 es araswori mosazrebaa. antioqieli patriarqis mixeilis Camosvlis Semdeg, rogorc iTqva,
dasavleT saqarTvelos sakaTalikoso ar
damorCilebia ierusalim-antioqiis sapatriarqos, misi TavisTavadoba da TviTmwysobis ufleba ar SezRudula. XVXVIII ss-is uamravi dokumenti da masala,
da gaanadgures~. 52 4
qarTuli eklesiis Tavisufleba marTlac qarTveli eris saukeTeso SvilTa
saukunovani brZoliT miRweuli monapovaria, magram misi SebRalva, sabednierod, ver SeZlo antioqielma patriarqma mixeilma, Tumca ki, rogorc Cans,
mas didi survili da mizanswrafvac hqonia, rac gamomJRavnebulia imave dokumentSi _ `mcneba Y sasjulo YSi~. ker-
523
iv. javax iSvili, Txzul ebani, III, gv. 338;
524
iqv e, gv. 338.
Zod, mixeils SeuTxzavs Teoria saqarTvelos eklesiis mTlianobis dasarRvevad.
sxvaTa Soris, am Teorias amJamadac siamovnebiT imeorebs qarTuli eklesiis istoriis gadmocemisas ara erTi piri,
Tumca ki, cxadia, yovelgvari winaswarganzraxvis gareSe. es Teoria SemdgomSi
mdgomareobs TiTqosda wm. andria mociquli ganmanaTlebelia ara sruliad
saqarTvelosi, aramed mxolod misi dasavleTi nawilisa, amgvaradve wm. nino ganmanaTlebelia ara sruliad saqarTvelosi, aramed mxolod misi aRmosavleTi
nawilisa (qarTlisa). es Teoria, rogorc
aRiniSna, XV s-Si SeTxza patriarqma
mixeilma, Zvel saqarTveloSi ki amis
Sesaxeb sxvagvari mosazreba hqondaT. iv.
javaxiSvili wers: `...giorgi mTawmideli da gansakuTrebiT efrem mcire, ruisurbnisis 1103 wlis saeklesio krebis
yvela sulisCamdgmeli da nikoloz kaTalikosi amtkicebdnen, rom andria mociq ulma iqad aga `y ovelsa queya nasa
saqarTvelo Ysasa~, xolo SemdegSi daviwyebuli qristianoba kvlav aRadgina wm.
ninom, romlis saswaulmoqmedebam da
qadagebam `miizida yoveli savseba yovlisa qarTvelTa naTesavisa~. 525 nikoloz
kaTalikosic wm. ninos saerTo mociqulad da ganmanaTleblad miiCnevda `Cuen
qarTvelTa Ysa~. 526 erTi sityviT, andria
mociqulica da wm. ninoc saerTo qarTuli
eklesiis damaarseblad da mTeli qarTveli
eris ganmanaTleblad iyvnen cnobilni.
saqarTvelos sxvadasxva nawilisaTvis
calke mqadageblebis arsebobis azri da
gamoZebnis survili ara hqoniaT, radgan
isini mTliani da ganuyofeli saqarTvelos ganmtkicebisa da aRorZinebisaTvis
iRvwodnen. antioqiel-ierusalimeli paruis-urbn isis Z eglis wera, q ronikeb i, II, gv. 58;
69; 527 iv. javax iSvili, t. III, gv. 340.
525
193
triarqi mixeili swored am qarTvel saxelovan mecnierTa mier Seqmnilsa da

mTeli qarTveli erisagan Sesisxlxorcebul Semecnebas spobda~. 527
qarTvelTa fsiqikuri erTobis am erTerTi gamoxatulebisaTvis safuZvlis
gamoclas Turme patriarq mixeilTan
erTad qarTveli didebulebic uwyobdnen xels, rogorc aRniSnavs iv. javaxiSvili, es mas gasaocar saqmed miaCnia.
masve gamorkveuli aqvs T. Jordaniasa
da s. kakabaZis Sromebze dayrdnobiT,
rom `mcneba Y sasjulo Y~ dawerili unda
iyos 1470-1474 wlebSi. amis safuZvels
iZleva is, rom ZeglSi moxseniebuli
Samadavla `bediani~ gaxda 1470 wels
da 1474 wels ki gardaicvala. im droisaTvis dasavleT saqarTveloSi arsebobda samTavro `sabedianos~ saxelwodebiT, mis mTavars `bediani~ erqva. `mcneba Y
sasjulo Ydan~ Cans, rom bediani didi
erisTavT-erisTavi Samadavla `dadian-gurieli~ yofila, maSasadame, mas samegrelos garda, guriac sWeria. SeiZleba
vifiqroT, rom am samTavros dedaqalaqi bediaSi iyo. Cans, episkoposTa Soris
dedaqalaqis, e.i. bediis episkoposi yvelaze metad gandidebula da mas pretenzia ganucxadebia dasavleT saqarTvelos
(afxazeTis) sakaTalikoso taxtze. am
saqmeSi mas, rogorc aRvniSneT, antioqieli mixeili daxmarebia, caiSelbedieli iovakime kaTalikosi gamxdara.
Cans, kaTalikosobis drosac misi ZiriTadi samyofeli ara biWvinTaSi, aramed
samTavros karze, e.i. bediaSi iyo. TviTon `mcneba Y sasjulo Y ~ miuTiTebs,
rom namdvili afxazeTi, sadac biWvinTa mdebareobs, im droisaTvis sarwmunoebriv kriziss ganicdida. patriarqi
526
sas waulni sveticx ovelisa, iqve, gv. 40 -43,
194
mixeili amitomac miuTiTebda: àfxazebi
lebi: 1. ùxvedri an ukanono qorwine-
qristi anobisagan sruliad mi drekil

iyvnes, qristes mcnebaTagan ganSorebul
ba~... 2. `mruSoba~... 3. `marxvis Sereva~... 4. ùqmeTa darRveva an axlis SemoRe-
iyvnes~. 52 8 aRniSnulTa gamo unda vifiqroT, rom mixeili miiRes ara biWvinTaSi, aramed mterTagan ufro dacul
qalaqSi, Cans, bediaSi. albaT, aqve aiyvanes sakaTalikoso taxtze iovakime,
ba~... 5. `mRvdelmsaxurTa zneobrivi Tvisebani da movaleobani~... 6. àdamianis mkvleloba~... 7. `samonastro da saeklesio
krebac aqve unda Catarebuliyo. cxadia,

afxazeTis sakaTalikoso mxolod sabe-
TviTon antioqieli patriarqi `mcneba Y

sasjulo YSi~ aRniSnul kanonikur muxlebis CamoTvlas iwyebs mimarTviT mrevlisadmi: èse qarta-werili TqvenTvis
dianos ar moicavda, aramed srul dasavleT saqarTvelos, `mcneba Y sasjulo YSi~ gadmocemulia misi iurisdiqciis
sazRvrebi: `lixTa amerisa, Woroxs aqaT,
ovseTsa aqaT, zRva Y ponto Ysa aqaT, sada
didi biWuintisa sazRvari miawevs~. 52 9
maSasadame, afxazeTis sakaTalikoso farglavda teritorias Savi zRvidan lixis
mTamde, Woroxidan kavkasiis qedamde. es
iyo sruliad dasavleTi saqarTvelo. `lixTa-ameri, odiSi, guria, afxazeTi~ _
rogorc es Zeglidan Cans.
am droisaTvis, rogorc aRniSnuli
iyo, saqarTvelos daSla-danawevrebas,
politikur urCobas, Tan daerTo xalxis zneobrivi dacema. aseT dros rogorc
sasuliero, ise saxelmwifo moRvaweebs
esaWiroebodaT msoflio qristianobis
burjTagan Semweoba da daxmareba. amitomac, cxadia, siamovnebiTa da sixaruliT miiRes antioqiel-ierusalimeli patriarqi, romelmac `mcneba Y sasjulo Y~
misca maT. ierusalim-antioqiis avtoriteti xalxs zneobriv daxmarebas uwevda. `kanonikuri epistoles xasiaTi aqvs
im `sasjulTa mcnebas~, romelic XV sSi miucia afxazeTis sakaTalikososTvis
antioqia-ierusalimis patriarqs mixeils...
mcnebaSi gaTvalisiwinebulia Semdegi mux-
mamulebis mitaceba~... 8. `saeklesio kanonebisa da samRvdeloebisadmi morCileba~. 530
aRvwere~. imdroindeli saqarTvelos sazogadoeba daavadebuli iyo urCobis

seniT. urCoba iyo ZiriTadi mizezi qveyanaSi arsebuli politikur-zneobrivi
qaosisa. amitomac `qarta-werilis~ muxl e b S i , S e i Z l e b a i T q v a s , Z ir i T a d i
yuradReba eTmoba morCilebas. magaliTad,
i. doliZis dayofiT, me-8 muxli aseTia:
àw Svilno Zmano da mamano gauwyebT da
gamcnebT: vinca da ramanca kacman qristianeman anu didman da anu mcireman
patronsa uRalatos, anu usamarTlod
uorgulos, qriste RmerTi da sjuli
uaruyvies. egreTve usamarTlo Y orguli
meoreman nu Seiwynaros~. 531 sxva mravali
m ux l i e Z R vn e b a p a tr o n is , qv e y ni s ,
mRvdelmTavrisadmi morCilebas. am mxriv,
uTuod Tavis droisaTvis didad sasargeblo kanonikuri xasiaTis Semcvelia gansaxilveli Zegli, romelic, Cans,
drodadro ivseboda an icvleboda kidec.
magaliTad, masSi uqme dRis darRvevadaa miCneuli paraskevs `miwis areva~,
ès ukanaskneli SeniSvna unda iyos Semdegi drois interpretacia, osmalTa zegavleniT Cadenili~. 532 aqve `marxvis Serevadaa~ miCneuli àlajoris~ marxvis
qar Tuli samarTlis Zegleb i, III, gv. 222; 529 iqve , gv. 223; 530 k. kekeliZe, Zve li qar Tuli
lite raturis istor ia, I, gv. 568; 531 q.s .Z., III, gv. 225; 532 k. kekeliZ e, dasax. naSr ., gv. 568.
528
195
darRveva, àlajori~ somxuri eklesiis
moupovebia qarTlis (mcxeTis) sapatri-
praqtikaSi miRebuli marxva iyo, amitom

misi moxvedra `mcneba Y sasjulo YSi~ gao-
arqosagan. magram sabolood antioqiel

patriarqs miznisaTvis ver miuRwevia.
cebas iwvevs da aRZravs fiqrs, natyuar

anda saxecvlil ZeglTan xom ar gvaqvs
saqme? yovel SemTxvevaSi, Zegli erT
raimes ueWvelad gviCvenebs, XV s-is
70-ian wlebSi qarTul saeklesio cen-
marTalia, SesaZloa, amis Semdeg dasavleT saqarTvelos kaTolikosis kurTxevaSi mcxeTeli patriarqis neba Sesustda, magram saeklesio-zneobrivi urTierTdamokidebuleba or qarTul sakaTa-
tralizebul erTobas bzari Seepara.

antioqiel patriarqs ki amisaTvis xeli
likosos Soris ar darRveula. amas miuTiTebs e.w. `kaTalikosTa samarTali~,
Seuwyia, dasavleT saqarTvelos eklesias administraciuli damoukidebloba
romlis SemuSavebaSic saqarTvelos orive

kaTalikosi monawileobda.
`mcnebai sasjuloi~
[1470-1474 ww.]
mcnebaQ ese sasjuloQ, urwmunoTa momaqceveli

da morwmuneTa ganmamtkicebeli da ganmamHnobeli,
yovelTa qristianeTaTvis movlenili zecisa qalaqisa ierusalimisagan
da caTa mobaZvisa antioqiisa
[c]is mbadisagan arsTa yovelTa RmrTisa mamisa, Zisa da sulisa wmidisaTa,
romeli Cuenisa xsnisaTvis caTa kamaraTagan ganzraxDTa mamisaTa Hsnisa CuenisaTDs
gardamoxda. da saSoQ qalwulisa daimkDdra da iSva uqcevelad da iHsnna qmnilni
xatad pirisa misisani qalwulisagan uqorwinebulisa iSva da daiTminna mizezni da
yuedrebaQ, kicxevaQ, basrobaQ, jvarcmaQ da daflvaQ. guerca laxuriTa mowylulman aRmogDcena ukvdavebaQ, romelsa Suenis didebaQ da pativi dausabamoQT Tana
mamiT, ZiT da suliT wmidiTurT.
[da] viTar ineba da igulsmodgina man, arsebiT miuwdomelman, da RmrTaebiT
mmarTebelman sjulisa qristeanobisaman, da uxrwnelad da ubiwod mSobelman misman, da madlman zecisa qalaqisa ierusalimisaman da caTa mobaZvisa antioqiisaman,
da movivline RmrTisa mier me, yovelTa narCevi, ierusalimisa da antioqiisa
patriarqi mixael, moviwie didsa mas qristes samwysosa, mazebelsa ierusalimisasa, saqarTvelosa.
196
viTa saTanado ars mefeTa, dadianTa, aTabagTa, erisTavTa, amilaxorTa, didebulTa, aznaurTa da yovelTa qristes sjulisa mosavTa morwmuneTagan mokiTxuaQ,
ganages mokiTxua sjulisa, saydarTa, monasterTa, omforisa da kaTalikoz-ebiskoposTa.
da moikiTxes, ZueliT vidre axladmde, RmrTivgDrgDnosanman bagrat da didman
erisTavTerisTavman dadian-gurielman Samadavla, misTa TavadTa TanadgomiTa da
didad RmrTisagan saTnod gamorCeulisa, pativ sarveiTanisa (/) RmerT-Semosilisa [caiSel] - bedielisa iovakimisa.
iqmna gamoZiebaQ da mokiTxvaQ guarTa, davTarTa, da iadgarTa, da viTar-igi
pi rvelad qa rTlisa da a fxa zeT isa ka Taliko zni antio qi isa pa tri arxTagan
ikur[T]xeodian, da JamTa siZuelisagan da s[o]flisa siverageTagan iyunes mravalni
wesni SeSliT da gardaqceviT, vnaxeT da SevemTxDen madlsa, viTarca meufisa,
caiSel-bediel mTavarebiskopozisa iovakimisTa.
nebiTa da SewevniTa RmrTisaTa, da didisa da caTa mobaZavisa ierusalimisa
madliTa, da caTamdis maRlisa kaTolike saydrisa antioqiisa RmrTismSobelisa
meoxebiTa, vakurTxeT kaTalikozi iovakim, marjuenaQ ierusalimisa, afxazeTisa
kaTalikozi da kurTxeulmca aris, davayene[T] da davsviT afxazeTs, saydarTa
maT andria mociqulisaTa, yovelTa qristianeTa lixT-amersa, odiSisa, guri[i]sa
da a fxazeTi sa . yov elTa urCT a da Rm rT isa ara neb ismyo fela d m yo fT aT Ds
momaqc[e]velad vakurTxeT.
da urCqmnil iyunes yovelni, da viTa saTnoebani ugulebels-eyunes ebiskopozTa da moZRuarTa, mRdelTa da diakonTa, berTa da erTa, didad eSroma mas,
marj[ue]nasa ierusalimisasa, kacsa RmrTisasa iovakims. da afxazeTi qristeanobisagan sruliad midrekil iyunes, qristes mcnebaTagan ganSorebul iyunes.
aw gamovnaxeniT Zuelini Sromani wmidaTa nikelTa mamaTagani da, viTarca [saT]noQ
ars sjuli RmrTisa, egreT morCil eqmeniT saTnod RmrTisagan gamorCeulsa, viTarca mociqulsa pavles da andrias damorCildiT, ismneT, moiqeciT da SeinaneT.
da saTno eyveniT RmerTsa mefeni simarTliTa mefobisaTa, siwmidiT, mowyalebiTa, mSvidobiTa siyuarulisaTa. Tavadni simarTlesa bWobdiT, siwmidiT daicveniT Tavni Tquenni, obolni da qurivni SeiwyaleniT, viTarca ityDs
winaswarmetyueli daviT - oboli da qurivi Seiwyale da gzaQ codvisa ara
iyos Sen Tana. da viTarca gamcnos [m]qadagebelTaman wmidaTa mociqulTaman,
egreT ga nmxndiT.
da ebiskopozi lixTa amerisa, Woroxsa aqaT, ovseTsa aqaT, zRuaQ pontoQsa
aqaT, sada didisa biWuintisa samzRvari miawevs, ebiskopozni ama ierusalimisa
marjuenisagan kaTalikozisagan ikurTxeodin, [da miiRebdiT] kurTxevasa; da qadagebasa missa [ismen]diT; jer-iyveniT da nu urC-eqmnebiT, raTa ikurTxneT marjuenisagan RmrTisa.
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aw mamano, Zmano da Svilno! qristes saflavisa marjuena, lixT-amerisa da

afxazeTisa kaTalikozi iovakim qristeanobis sjulisa mamagrebelad da damamtkicebelad vakurTxeT, sjulisa da merjuleTa ufros da uxucesad vakurTxeT me,
didisa da caTa mobaZvisa antioqiisa da ierusalimisa patriarqman mixail.
da ese qarta-werili TquenTDs aRvwere.
1. qristes moyuareno, mamano da Zmano, visca qriste RmerTi giyuars da sjulsa
qristeanobissa morCilebT, kaTalikozisagan kurTxevas miiRebdeT. da vinca guliTa morCiliTa miiRoT kurTxevaQ kaTalikozisagan da morCil eqmneT, didisa mis
dausabamoQsa mamisa, Zisa da sulisa da didisa mis sapatriarqosa, caTa mobaZavi
ierusalimisa da antioqiisa madliTa kurTxeul iyveniT ama sofelsa xorciTa da
saukunosa _ suliTa; da maT sjulisa damamtkicebelTa SDdTa krebaTa madliTa, da
oTxTa mqadagebelTa maxarebelTa madliTa, suliTa da xorciTa TaviTa da SvilTa
SviliTi Svilamde, vidre ukunisamde amin iyavn.
2. vinca sjulisa msajulisa qristessa da qadagebulsa mona[Ta mi]sTasa urC
eqmnaT, kurTxevisa wil moDdis Tquenda wyeva igi sodomisa da gomorisa; iyavn
danTqma daTan da abironisi; segrs ( sic) numc Seeswrebi dawvasa; zari daeces Tquen
zeda guelboQs ( sic) maTaebr; iyveniT wyeul, SeCuenebul caTa Sina, queyanasa zeda;
krul Tquen da sacxovari Tqueni, saxli, yana, venaxi; sayofelTa TquenTa numca
ipoebis mkDdri; caQ risxviT, queyana mwuxarebiT TquenTDs, romelTa ara irwmunoT
sityuaQ qartad dawerili ese; daiwyeos nayofi Tqueni, viTarca unayofoQ igi
leRD; SeiCueneniT viTarca simon mogD, viTarca arioz, romelman ganxia kuarTi
uflisa iDQsi; da wyeul viTarca makedonis sulisa wmidisa mgmobari, da evTibios
da apolonios.
3. da vinca saydarTa, monasterTa da eklesiaTa mamcrobelni da meuhveni iyvneT
da kaTalikozisa brZanebasa urC eqmnaT, viTarca-igi pirvelni xelmwifebani zeciT
gardamoiTxines da RmrTisa risxDTa quesknels STaiyarnes, nawili maTi iyos maT
Tana; iqmnebismca nawilad maTda bneli gareskneli, matli uZili, cecxli uSreti,
RrWenaQ kbilTa, tirili, unugeSinicemoQ; sada ars bneli gareskneli aris-mca
samkDdrebelad maTda gamouxsnelad suliTa da xorciTa ukuniTi ukunisamde, amin.
4. anu mefeTa, anu mTavarTa, anu aznaurTa, anu aznauris SvilTa, anu msaxurTa,
anu glexTa, anu mTavardiakonTa, anu diak[o]nTa, anu saxarebaQ diakonTa, anu
kerZoQ diakonTa, anu moxeleTa, anu xelis mqonebelTa, anu didTa, anu mcireTa
yovelive urCqmnili wyeul, SeCuenebulmca aris suliTa da xorciTa.
5. morCilni sjulisani da Tanamdgomni sarwmunoebisani kurTxeul iyavn ukunisamde.
6. Zmano da mamano amisTDs gamcneb da gauwyeb, raTa romeli juars-ecua,
daefla, aR[s]dga, igi mxoloQ ufali ieso qriste SeiyuaroT yovliTa guliTa
TqueniTa, romelman sisxliTa TDsiTa moiy[i]da adam, naTesaviTurT misiT; da
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ganhbrwyindeT viTarca mze, naTliTa qristesiTa; saukunod sufevde winaSe RmrTisa; ese sofeli warmaval ars da saukunoQ waruval.
aw yovelTa SeiyuareT qristes sjuli da qristeman Tquen Segiyuarnes yovelni.
moiqeciT brZanebasa da qadagebulsa qristes marjuenis, lixTa amerisa RmrTisa
meorisa mociqulis pavles Tanamosagris iovakimisi.
7. da vinaiTgan igulsmodgina RmerTman, da jer-iCina Cuenisa xsnisaTDs da
sjulisa qristeanobisa damkDdrebisTDs da damtkicebisaTDs, RmrTisa brZanebiTa
Cuen, didisa caTa mobaZavisa saydrisa antioqiisa da ierusalimisa patriarqman
mixail, nebiTa RmrTisaTa, viTarca ufalman Cuenman ieso qristeman andrias
mociqulsa TDTa saufloQTa xeliTa Semosa TDsi sameufoQ bisoni, da akurTxa, aw
Semdgomad missa vakurTxeT kaTalikozi iovakim da sjulisa da merjuleTa Tavad da
uxucesad dagDmtkicebies.
da aRiwera qarta ese Cem mier.
aw Svilno, Zmano da mamano! gauwyebT da gamcnebT:
8. vinca da ramanca kacman qristianeman, anu didman da anu mcireman, patronsa
uRalatos, anu usamarTlod uorgulos, qriste RmerTi da sjuli uaruyofies;
egreTve usamarTloQ orguli meoreman nu Seiwynaros.
9. vinca da romelman sjulisa da kaTalikozisa urCad uxuedri coli SeirTos,
anu svinaQ, anu meyvisi, anu rZali, anu biZis coli, anu xucis colsa codos, anu
diakonisa colsa Tana codos, anu mTavar-diakvanisa colsa Tana codos, anu
swavlulisa kacisa colsa Tana codos da Seginebulsa sawolsa zeda daawDnos,
amaT yovelTa usjuloebaTa moqmedi krul, wyeul da SeCuenebulmca ars suliTa da
xorciTa, amin.
10. da Tu ar RmrTisa uarismyofelni xarT, mekobresa xucessa moarCobdiT.
11. vinca anu dedis-nacualsa, anu dedobilsa Tana codos, wyeul, krul da
SeCuenebulmca aw da ukunisamde.
12. vinca Zma moklas, qriste RmerTi uaruyofies da nawili maTi aRixocnen
ukunisamde.
13. anu Tvisi da anu sxuaQ moklas, krul, wyeul da SeCuenebulmca ars.
14. da ro melmanca ikadros m oci qulTa ma rxvaT a oTxSa baT -pa ra skevT a,
romelica xsnili ar iyos da Serios, anu micvalebisa marxva, martvilTa kide
vin Wkuianman Serios wueliTa anu xorciTa xsnilTagan kide, krulmca ars caTa
Sina da queyanasa zeda.
15. da romelmanca weliwadTa Sina romelnic uqmni ganuwesebies wmidaTa krebaTa da ara isminos da TDsiTa nebiTa uqmobdes, wyeulimca ars wmdaTa krebaTagan.
16. vinca Seundoblad dabeWdili kaTalikozisgan da qorebiskopozisagan eklesia
gaxsnas, Seundoblad krul, wyeul da SeCuenebulmca ars maTi xucesi da eri maTi.
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17. romelmanca wmidaTa krebaTgan ganaCeni da ganawesi sjuli magrad ara

daiWiros da Secodeba dauwyos, RmerTman wyeviT miagos saqmeTa maTaebr; wyeulimca
ars sjulisa uarismyofelTa Tana.
18. vinca sjulisa Semcode patronman ar misces ebiskopossa da qorebiskopozsa
sasjulod ar mianebos da sasjulod mosakiTxavad sofeli ar daanebos, da Zali ar
misces, ima soflisa codva man gardaiHados da Seundobelmca ars.
19. vinca ama mcnebaTa ar dasjerdeT da kaTalikozsa da qristes sjulsa urCeqmnaT, krul, wyeul da SeCuenebul iyaviT RmrTisa dausabamoQsa madliTa, mamisa,
Zisa da sulisa wmidisa madliTa, ierusalimisa madliTa, antioqiis madliTa,
amin, TaviTa, SviliTa, vidre SviliT Svilamde.
20. damm amtkicebelni da sjulisa m ama grebelni, da ieso q ristes erTgulni, eb iskoposTa, moZRva rTa, mRdelTa da m onazonTa pativiscemelni da
rjulisa mamagrebelni, obolTa da qurivTa, glaxakTa da davrdomilTa mowyaleni da Semweni da Semwynarebelni kurTxeulmca arian caTa Sina da queyanasa
zeda , suli Ta da xo rcTa T av iT a da Svi li Ta , vi dre ukunisam de, Rm rT isa
dausabamoQsa piriTa, amin.
21. da amasca gamcneb da gauwyebT Svilno da Zmano Cemno: vinaTgan RmrTismoyuareni, da erTgulni, RmrTisa marTlmadidebel[n]i, da ZrwoliT da SiSiT
Tayuanismcemelni WeSmaritad da marTlmadideblobiT aRiarebT da TayuanisscemT saxelsa mis mosamarTlisa gare Semouwerelsa [da] tkbilsa da mravalmowyalesa RmerTsa dausabamoQsa, mamasa, Zesa da wmi dasa [sulsa], nu Tanamzraxvel eqmnebiT ama ukanasknelisa sicrueTa da siverageTa, aramed morCil
eqmneniT brZanebasa RmrTisasa.
22. viTarca andria mociqulman urwmunoni sarwmunoebad moaqcina da sjulsa
da sarwmunoebasa zeda daamtkica, mas Jamsa odes qristeman RmerTman Cuenman xsnisa
Cuenisa da moqcevisaTDs moavlina TDsiTa sameufoTa Sesamosli[Ta], porfirbison-oqrovaniTa, samosliTa el[variT]a da SuqmiuaCrdilebeliTa Semosa da,
saxed da [sa]muqfod mociqul, naTlisa maxarobelad kaTalikozad daayena, rameTu
misisa brZanebisa qadagebiTa moiqces Temni, qalaqni da queyanani ese CrdiloeTisani, vidre nino qarT[lisa] dedaman moaqcina qarTli, misTa samzRvarTa aqaT
wm idam an a n[dria m ociq ulma n] naT li Ta m iuCrdi lebeli Ta gananaT ln[a da
ganas]unnela yovelni morCilni sjulisani.
aw, msgavsad missa, vakurTxeT da davamtkiceT sjulisa Tavad kaTalikozi
iovakim, [viTarca] qriste RmerTi Tavi ars eklesiaTa.
23. aw, Svilno, Zmano da mamano Cem[no mo]rCil eqmeniT mwyemsisa mis saxieris
nacvlad [RmrTisa mier] mov lenilsa, raTa marad pirmetyuel[ad sam]wysod
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gam[o]sCndeT, da SeikribneT baksa zecisa [arvi]zsasa, da ara iqmneT [Se]saWmel

mgelTa mZDn[vareTa], da ara SegemTxDos gan[sacde]li, viTarca-igi maSin, romelni
u[rC eq]mnnes andria mociqulsa, [romelmanca mouv]lina RmrTisagan mrisx[ane]
angelozi da Secvalna [yovelTav]e maT urCTa saxli s[ac]xovari, kaciTgan mipirutyuTamde, vidre moiqceodes.
da Semdgomad sarwmu[noebad] moyuanebisa maT[Ta mo]avlina RmerTman angelozi
[mSvidob]iTa da wyalobiTa, [da yoveli] naTesavi kacTa naTl[iTa gamouTqmeliTa a]Rivso, saxlni d[a sayofe]lni maTni, keTiliTa mo[uk]lebeliTa. sacxovarn[i
simravliTa aR]ivsnes da saukune keTilad [w]ar[e]marTnes, naTliTa aRs[a]v[se]d.
24. aw Tq uenca gulsm [odgi ne]biT a, si mSDdiT [a da krZaluleb]iTa gulsmodginebiT[a aRmsrulebe]l eqmeniT b[Zanebasa] RmrTisasa da RmrTisa mociqul[isa]
meor[is]a, aw, axl[isa ierusalim]isa mamag[rebe]lsa da qristes safl[avisa, da
sruliad] lixTa ameris[a da afx]azeTisa kaTalikozs iova]kims.
25. da yovelTa Sendoba [da wirv]aQ mi[i]ReT, raTa aqaca [kurTxeul] iyvneT
da saukunesca [kurT]xeul giwodos ufalman Cuenman ieso qristeman, dResa mas
gankiTxvisa da zaris asaxdel[sa, raTa] gamosCnde Zed naTlisad da gangaZliern[es
Tque]n sarwmunoebasa amas da [mtki]cesa zeda mazebel[isa], aRmasrulebelni da
da[m]amtkicebelni, [raTa ara mi]gigos Tualuxavman man, dResa mas didsa zaris
asaxdelsa, viTarmed warvediT[T Ce]mgan wyeulno bnelsa [ga]resknelsa da cecxl[sa]
uSretsa wyudiadi[sasa]; aramed daiceviT ese mcneba.
26. [da romelman a]ra irwmunos da [ar]a gulsmodgined daicva[s] mcneba ese,
iyos wyeul da SeCuenebul mamisagan, Zisagan da sulisa wmidisagan, viTarca zemoT
weril ars, amin meameneTa, da iyavn wmidaTa angelozTa [mier] ukunusamde da
ukuniTi ukunisamde.
27. aw kualad ismineT ebiskopozTa [da qor]ebiskopozTa viTarca wmidTa
krebaTa ganaCines, [egreT] uTnevarad dadegiT, nu vis aTnev, samwysoQ Seni swavliT
da magrad daiWireT, raTa meored mosvlvasa TquenTgan ar iTxoos sityDs migeba.
28. egr[eTve moZ]RuarTa: wesierebiT, qristes siyuaruliTa Tquen, [sam]wysod
m[o]wafiT[u]rT, SeiyuareT sjuli qristesi da Tavi TDsi dadev cxovarTa TDsTaTDs, viTarca mwyemsman saxierman, raTa ara yovelTa codva xelTagan SenTa
iZios, da ukanasknelTa maT Zrwola da aRmofSDnvasa da daisajo.
29. mRdelTa: marTalTa nebis-myofelad nu cru-winaswarmetyuel, [aramed]
daicevi Tavi Seni siZvisagan, tacebisagan, sixarbisagan, didis sicilisagan, mTuralobisagan da gardarevisagan, romeli ara jer-ars moweseTagan.
30. miec ersa umecarsa marxvaQ, raQca wmidaTa krebaTa gaaCines marxvad,
mi ec m tki ced da gautexelad uqm i uqmad, v iTa sweria gaCeni T sa eklesio Ta
davTarTa Sigan.
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31. da romelmanca ebiskopozman, gina qorebiskopozman, anu moZRuarman, gina

xucesman ara guliTa marTliTa daicvas mcnebaQ ese da ersa ara uqadagos sarwmunoeba da kaT[a]likozisa brZanebasa zeda momWirned da ZalmicemiT ar idges, krul
wyeul da SeCuebulmca ars aw da ukunisamde; krulmca ars RmrTisa dausabamoQsagan T [a]viTa, SviliTa da yovli Ta misiT a, raodenica raQ ars sofliTgan
saukunodmde ukunisamde.
32. da ukeTu vinca mefeTa, TavadTa, aznaurTa da aznaurisSvilTa, moxeleTa,
mouravTa, xelisufalTa, didTa da mcireTa, mdidarTa da glaxakTa, yovelTa,
[romelTa] ese mcneba, RmrTisa mier wmidaTa krebaTagan ganaCeni, qristes RmrTisa
mier marTlmadidebelTa sasurveli simtkice da sawadeli, da mwvalebelTaTDs
sakdemeli sjuli ara aRiaros, ara irwmunos, da mtkiced ar gulsmodginos, da
magrad ar ipyras, da sxuaTaca ar uqadagos, krul, wyeul da SeCuenebulmca ars
risxDTa RmrTisa dausabamoQsa mamisa, Zisa da wmidisa sulisaQTa.
33. romeli xucesi cudad zRaprobdes, anu cudad metyuelebdes, anu wessa
a kleb des sam wyso Ta so felT a da queyanaT a , da m isi sa sam revlo Qsa co dv a
kaTaliko[z]sa da qorebiskopo[z]sa ar gamoucxados, anu natacebsa col-qmarTa
gDrgDni ukurTxos, anu iparos, anu uxvedrTa col-qmrTa Sendoba misces, anu misTa
samrevloTa marxDsa revaQ uqmisa revaQ Seundos da raQca mRdelobisa saqme SecodebiT daiWiros, _ wirvisagan aRixocos da wirva misi Seuwiravi iyos, sadamdis
kaTalikozisa moxsenebiTa da gagonebiTa ar ganikanonos.
34. egreTve, vinca da ramanca kacman monasterTa da saydarTa mamuli moigos,
iurvos, anu vin mouravad da mosaqmed Semovides,_krul, wyeul da SeCuenebu[l]
RmrTis dausabamoQsa piriTa, SDdTa krebaTa madliTa; numca ixssnebis suliTa
jojoxeTisagan, nuca wirviTa, nuca glaxakTa micemiTa, nuca ierusalims warslviTa,
itanjebodes gamouxsnelad ukunisamde.
35. vinca uxuedri coli SeirTos, anu svinasa, anu meyDssa Se[e]xos, anu Zmis
colsa, anu SeirTos, anu biZis coli SeirTos, anu ra ginda uxuedri coli
SeirTos kaTalikozisa a[R]uareblad, qristes uarismyofelTa Tanamca ars nawili
misi, aw da ukuniTi ukunisamde, amin.
36. vinca uqmTa weliwadissa da SabaTsa, cxra JamiTgan orSabaTsa ganTenebadmde, scodebdes, da paraskevsa miwas revdes, da wmidaTa krebaTagan ganaCeni uqmni
dReni krZalviT da magrad ar Seinaxnes, misTDs ganwesebul ars risxuaQ RmrTisa,
matli uZili, cecxli uSreti, RrWena kbilTa, mrisxaneni angelozni mas zeda; da
ara aqus naSromsa missa baraqaQ; nayofi misi misTDs urgeb.
37. kualad vinca Sescodos wmidaTa marxuaTa da xelyos Secodeba, gina oTxSabaT-paraskevTa, gina qristes Sobis marxuaTa, anu RmrTis-mSoblisa micvalebisa
marxuaTa, vin ginda Sescodos, gina petres da pavles, romel ars petre-pavlobis
marxvaQ, martDlTa reguenTa kide;
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38. da vin uxuedri coli SeirTos Seundobeli da kaTalikozisa brZanebiTa ar

gaeyaros da urCad daudges, gina sasjulosa saqmesa zeda Zali ar misces, da
usjuloTa Semwe eqmnas, gina meyvisobisaTDs, gina qrTamisaTDs anu SexvewisaTDs;
anu marxua[sa] revdes, raQca wmidaTa krebaTa ga[a]Cines amas zeda, magrad ar
imarxvides marTlad, anu uqmTa revdes, anu marTlad ar Seinaxos da wmidaTa
krebaTgan gaCenili Seuracxyos, da kaTalikozisa brZanebasa ara morCilebdes;
gina monasterTa damcrobasa moiWirvos TavisTDs gina sxuaTaTDs iurvos, anu
sxuaTa uurvos, anu mterobisaTDs, anu meorisa moyurobisaTDs, gina qrTamisa
aRebisaTvis ra ginda ra gamoaxos gina glexi mosaxle gina saWurWle, gina kaci,
gina jogi, gina didi, gina cotaQ, da ar miRma Sematebdes;
kaTalikozisa sityuasa da brZanebasa ar damorCildeT, da ese, cneba ara daicvad, da ara guliTa wmidiTa aRiaroT da ZalmicemiT ar daiWirvoT da ara
irwmunoT, _ gina mefeTa, gina TavadTa, gina didebulTa, gina aznaurTa, gina
ebiskoposTa, gina qorebiskopozTa gina moZRuarTa, gina mRdelTa, gina diakonTa,
gina msaxurTa, gina glexTa, gina mamaTa, gina dedaTa, gina didTa, gina mcireTa,
vin ginda vin es mcneba ar irwmunoT, da kaTalikozsa ar damorCil eqmnas, da viTa
ese aRwerili mogviTxrobs marxvaTa ganaCensa da esreT ara imarxos;
39. weliwadTa Sina oTxSabaT-paraskevi esreT ganixsnebis: yovelTa oTxSabaTparaskevTa, viTarca didTa marxv[a]Ta, jer-ars marxvaQ, ukeTu saufloQ dResaswauli
ara daxudes, anu saCinoTa wmidaTa, romelsa taZarsa Sina Sekrebulni erni dResaswauloben; qristes Soba msgefsamde xsnili ars; migebeba xsnili ars; zadikTa ganzogeba
xsnil ars; amaRlebisa wina dRe xsnili ars, oTxSabaT-paraskevi ara; axal kDriake
xsnili ars msgefs[a]mde; sulis wmidisa moslvisa msgefsamde xsnili ars; alajorT
kviriake da yuelierisa kviriake xsnili ars monozonTaTDs da eriskacTaTDs.
amaT gareT oTxSabaT-paraskevi ara ganixsnebis. da romelman ganxsnas, saSineli
satanjuelni ganmzadebul arian maTTDs RmrTisagan, da kanonsa queSe iqmnebian
uziarebelni, da eklesias ar SeiSvebis viTarca urCi RmrTisa.
egreTve wmidisa giorgisi Tavadi dResaswauli aprilsa ocdasamsa maTTDs xsnili ars, vin eklesias mividen. vin ar mivides, ver ganxsnis noenbersa i.
da uqmni, werilsa Sina, viTarca saeklesioTa wignTa krebaTgan ganCenilman
amcnos, egreT.
40. da vin ori coli erTad SeirTos, gina deda-Svili mama-SvilTa SeirTos,
gina ori dani orTa ZmaTa SeirTon, anu vis coli moukudes, colisa asuli
SeirTos, anu vin colisa deda, romel ars sidedri, SeirTos, anu meyDsi SeirTos,
anu vin coli uxuedri SeirTos, anu vin rZali SeirTos, gina Se[e]xos, gina dobili
anu dedobili SeirTos, didman gina mcireman, gina xucesi, bilwi iyos da Seaginos
xorcni TDsni sxuasa diacsa Tana, gina mxevali isvas da Jamis-wirvad ikadros, _
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vin ese mcnebani da swavlani, sasuliero da saxorcielo, yovliTa gulsmodginebiTa da guliTa uyalboQTa da utyuvariTa ara aRiaros, ar daicvas da ara
Seinaxos, da urC eqmnas ama swavlasa wmidaTa krebaTagan ganaCensa da damtkicebulsa, da kaTalikozsa urC-eqmnas: mefeni, gina Tavadni, aznaurni, gina aznaurisSvilni, msaxurni, gina glexni, ebiskopozni, gina qorebiskopozni, moZRuarni, gina
mRdelni, gina diakon[n]i, moxeleni xelisufalni, didni gina mcireni, yovelni
urCqmnilni wyeul da SeCuenebulmca arian RmrTisa dausabamoQsa piriTa, romelman
Seqmna saukuneni;
krulmca ars samkDdrebeli maTi, suli da xorci misi; krul, wyeul da SeCuenebulmca ars saxli samyofi misi;
krul, wyeul da SeCuenebulmca ars patiosnisa da cxovelsmyofelisa juarisagan, romelsa zeda ganipyrna uxrwnelni xelni TDsni xsnisaTDs Cuenisa qristeman
RmerTman Cuenman;
wyeulmca ars wmidaTa zecisa ZalTagan; wyeulmca ars wmidisa iovane naTlismcemelisgan; krul, wyeulmca ars wmidaTa da yovladqebulTa mociqulTagan; krulmca
ars SvidTa krebaTgan;
wyeulmca ars yovelTa RmrTisa wmidaTagan, romelni saukuniTgan saTno-eyunes
ufalsa Cuensa ieso qristesa, da awca saTno yofad arian.
41. ama mcnebaTa urCqmnilni da Seuracxis-myofelni krul da SeCuenebulmca
arian caTa da queyanisagan, xorciTa da suliTa, TviTa da coliTa, SviliTa da
Svilis SviliTa, misiTa erdguliTa;
arismca misTDs ese sofeli mokle da usargeblo; arismca coli misi quriv da
mwuxare, Svilni misni obol, Seryeul da dacvivnebul, viTarca marTueni yornisani;
unayofomca ars yana, saTesvi ara ars Teslisa gamomRebel, mamuli misi unayofomca da nu Seikrebs misgan nayofsa;
wyeulimca aris misi cxeni, zroxa da yoveli sacxovari; numca epoebis saxlisa
misisagan sanugeSinismcemo.
krulmca ars Tavi misi mxarTa misTa zeda; krulmca ars, mxarni misni welTa
misTa zeda; krulmca ars welni misni TeZoTa misTa zeda; krulmca ars TeZoni
wyDlTa misTa zeda; krulmca ars wyDlni misni muxlTa misTa zeda; krulmca ars
muxlni misni koWTa misTa zeda: krulmca ars koWni misni ferxTa misTa zeda; krulia
ferxi misi miwaTa, adgilTa da samyofTa zeda; krul ars igi adgili misTDs, sada
dadgen ferxni misni; krul ars Tualni misni saxedvelad da mxedvelad; krulmca
ars piri misi purisa mWamelad, ena metyuelad, xelni saqnelad, ferxni savlelad,
guli saqmisa gasagoneblad; krulmca ars igi da misi gasagis[i], misi gasagebeli
sxvaman miiRos; kruli ars misi sicocxle, kruli ars misi sik[u]dili; krul ars
misi saflavi, sada daeflvis.
204
numca ixsnebis suliTa da xorciTa, TaviTa da coliTa da SviliTa da yovliTa misiTa gasagebeliTa; numca ixsnebis wirviTa ebiskoposTa da mRvdelTaTa;
numca ixsnebis ierusalems waslviTa, nuca locviTa molozonTaQTa, nuca glaxakTa micemiTa, nuca mSierTa ganZRomiTa; ara ra quelis saqme ergos mas; yovelivemca usargebloQ ars misTDs.
42. vinca ese mcnebaQ da swavlaQ ara aRiaros, ara irwmunos da ara WeSmaritebiT aRasrulos, iyos nawilad misad, sad ars tanjviT samyofi, qristes uarismyofelTa, bneli wyudiadi, ganunaTlebeli, vaebiT aRsavse, cecxli uSreti, matli
uZili, tartarozi, glovaQ unugeSiniscemoQ, da RrWenaQ kbilTa, nisli wyudiadi,
saburveli TualTa myofTa fskerTa jojoxeTisaTa; numca ars xsna da gamoxsna maT
mier vidre ukuniTi ukunisamde, amin, amin, amin.
43. qristianeni marTlmadidebelni, rjulisa mamtkicebelni RmerTman akurTxnes.
beWedi : biWvintisa RuTis-mSoblisa saWeT-mpyrobeli k ~ zi. 53 3
533
qar Tuli s amarTlis Zegle bi, 19 70, t. III, gv . 221-233.
205
biWvinTis saeklesio kreba (1543-1549)

Cveni didi mematiane batoniSvili vax-
ara Segvimatebia ra. da sjulis kanoni-
uSti wers XVI s-is bolosa da XVII sis dasawyisSi Seqmnili viTarebis Sesax-
ca asre brZanebs~. 535

am dadgenilebaSi sjulis samarTlis
eb: `JamTa amaT Sina iqmna ganteveba

colTa, kvla kacTa da idumal tyvis
yidva da ujeroni sjulsa zeda mravalni
muxlebi damtkicebulia saeklesio krebis mier. krebam daloca yoveli aRmsrulebeli am kanonebisa: `vinc es mo-
imereTsa Sina. am isaTvis Sekrbnen

qarTlisa kaTalikosi malaqia, afxazTa
ciqulTa da wmidaTa krebaTagan ganwesebuli da Cven mier damtkicebuli sjuli
kaTalikosi evdemon da yovelni episkoposni imereT-odiSisani. xolo episkoposni eseni iyvnen: quTaTeli svimon,
genaTeli antoni, Wyondideli, bedieli,
moqveli, drandeli filipe, cagereli
kozman, xoneli zaqaria, nikorwmindeli
ioakim, CaiSeli kvirile, amaT ganaCines
da wigni gaaTaos kurTxeva RvTisa, ubiwod mSobelisa misisa da wmidaTa krebulTagan da wmidaTa mociqulTa da
yovlad wmidaTagan~... 536
krebam iqve dakrula araRmsrulebeli krebis dadgenilebebisa: `vinca am
wmida krebaTa mociqulTagan ganwesebu-
moqmedTa maTTvis jerovani Serisxvani,

dawernes da SeaCvenes moqmedni misni,
viTarca gauwyebs aRwerili maTi~. 534
marTlac, Cvenamde moRweulia qarTu-
li da Cven mier damtkicebuli ar Seiwynaros da kaTolikes saydarzed dasmulsa

winaaRudges da Cveni mcneba ar daimarxos, krulmca aris caTa Sina da qveya-
li saeklesio samarTlis Zegli, cnobili `kaTalikosTa samarTlis~ saxeliT,

romelSic gadmocemulia XVI s-Si Semdgari saeklesio krebis dadgenileba: `samarTali kaTalikosTa. q. saxeliTa RvTi-
nasa zeda wmidaTa krebulTagan, wmidaTa

mociqulTagan da yovelTa wmidaTagan~. 537
kaTalikosTa samarTali, rogorc es
Zeglis Sesavalidanac Cans, Sedgenilia
ara erTi kaTalikosis, aramed sruliad
saTa me, qristes mier kurTxeulman yovlisa saqarTvelo Ysa patriarqman malaqia, me, qristes mier kurTxeulman afxa-
saqarTvelos kaTalikos-patriarqisa da
afxazeTis kaTalikosis mier, aseve damtkiceba biWvinTis iadgarisa, romelic
zeTis kaTalikosman mamaT-mTavarman evdemon, davsxediT da SevkribeniT yovelni

episkoposni afxazeTisani. da didi siymili movida codvaTa CvenTagan, mravalni
uwesoba da ujero saqme Semovida: kacis
`kaTalikosTa samarTlis~ damatebad miiCneva, evaleboda qarTlis kaTalikoss

afxazeTis kaTalikosTan erTad, aqedan
Cans, rom qarTuli eklesia miuxedavad
urTulesi politikuri viTarebisa XVI-
kvla, kacis syidva, eklesiis krexva da

uxvedroba. davideviT sjulis kanoni da
Cvenica imisagan gamoviReT da raca imisagan ar gamoviReviT, Cven Cveni magieri
XVIII ss-Si, sulierad mTliani iyo.

antioqieli patriarqis mixeilisa da
sxvaTa mcdelobas, gaeyoT saqarTvelos
eklesia, mosalodneli Sedegi ar mohyo-
534
qarTlis cxovreba, IV, 1973, gv. 824;
535
q.s.Z., I, 1963, gv. 393;
536
iqve, gv. 396;
537
iqve, gv. 397.
206
lia. kvlavindeburad mcxeTeli patri-
lesiis kanonier mamamTavrad warmoaCend-
arqis avtoriteti dasavleT saqarTveloSi maRalia, rasac miuTiTebs Cvengan ganxiluli krebis mier gamocemuli dokumenti. Tumca, isic unda aRiniSnos, rom
XVI s-is dasawyisidan dasavleT saqarTve-
nen, iseve, rogorc vTqvaT, imereTis mefeebi sruliad saqarTvelos mefeebad

warmoaCendnen TavianT Tavs. imereTis mefe
bagrati 1545 wlis sigelSi Tavis Tavs
`mefeTamefes~ uwodebs da `lixT-amer-
los kaTalikosebi ukve iTavisebdnen patriarqis tituls. iqamde, rogorc cnobilia, saqarTveloSi kaTalikos-patriarqi mxolod erTi iyo, rezidenciiT mcx-
isa da lixT-imeris~ cixisTavebs ubrZanebs, daamtkicon mis mier gacemuli sigeli. 539 `mefeTamefis~ titulis miniWebiT
imereTis mefeebi TavianT Tavs warmoad-
eTaSi. XVI s-is Semdeg, saqarTvelos

politikur daqucmacebulobas Tavisi
asaxva mohyva saeklesio cxovrebaSic.
cnobi-lia, rom daSlis Semdeg, qarTlis, kaxeTis, imereTis mefeebi TavianT
Tavs `sruliad saqarTvelos mefeebs~
uwodebdnen (garkveul dromde). amiT isini
mianiSnebdnen, rom ar cnobdnen saqarTvelos saxelmwifos daSlas, cdilobdnen
mis gaerTianebas piradi meTaurobiT.
msgavsadve, dasavleT saqarTvelos kaTalikosebi patriarqis tituliT TavianT
Tavs sruliad saqarTvelos uzenaes suli-
gendnen sruliad saqarTvelos kanonier

mefeebad, aseTive politikuri Sinaarsi
edo dasavleT saqarTvelos kaTalikosTa mier patriarqis titulis miniWebas.
SemdgomSi, maT titulaturaSi bolomde
rCeba es wodeba. magram mainc qarTlis
kaTalikosebi uzenaes sasuliero avtoritetebad da upirveles mamtkicebel
rjulmdeblebad miiCneodnen dasavleT
saqarTveloSic. magaliTad, biWvinTis iadgarSi, romelsac xeli moaweres da TandaTanobiT daamtkices dasavleT saqarTvelos (afxazeTis) kaTalikosebma: malaqia
er pirvel ierarqad miiCnevdnen, rogorc

es afxazeTis kaTalikos grigol lorTqifaniZis biWvinTisadmi miZRvnil Sewirulebis wignis damamtkicebeli beWdis
w a r we r i d a n Ca n s : ` g ri g o l m w ye m s i
qristesmier yovlisa saqarTvelos kaTalikozi~ (1712 w.). igive kaTalikosi bi-
abaSiZem (1519-1532), evdemon CxetiZem

(1543-1575), efTvimi I sayvareliZem (15781605), malaqia II gurielma (1605-1639),
maqsime I maWutaZem (1628-1657), zaqaria
qvarianma (1657-1659), svimon I CxetiZem
(1659-1666), daviT nemsaZem (1667-1682),
nabrZanebia imis Sesaxeb, rom, rogorc
WvinTisadmi sxva Sewirulobis wignSi

Tavis Tavs `CrdiloeTisa da afxazeTis
kaTalikozs~ uwodebs. 538 cnobilia, rom
ZvelqarTul saistorio geografiaSi termini `CrdiloeTi~ da termini `saqarTvelo~ identuri terminebi iyo. `CrdiloeTs~ (zogjer àRmosavleTs~) saqarTvelos uwodebdnen. patriarqis titulis
miniWebiT, Cans, dasavleT saqarTvelos
kaTalikoss sruliad saqarTvelos ek-
aRiniSna, es dokumenti unda daamtkicos qarTlis kaTalikosmac: `da Tqven

wmidano mefeno, mRvdelT-mTavarno, afxazeTisa da qarTlis kaTalikosno, Tqvenca
asreT daumtkiceT~. 540 Tumca, zogierTi
ucxouri wyaro `qvemo iberiis arqiepiskoposs~ (ase uwodeben isini afxazeTis kaTalikoss) ufros, uxuces pirvelierarqad miiCnevs `zemo iberiis arqiepiskoposTan~ SedarebiT.
538
qar Tuli samarTlis Zegleb i, III, gv. 769;
539
samarTlis Zegleb i, II, gv. 189;
540
iqv e, gv. 182.
207
biWvinTis saeklesio krebis mier
varSi. masSi moxseniebuli imerTa kaTa-
gamocemuli `kaTalikosTa samarTlis~

kanonTa teqsti i. doliZis dayofiT Se-
likosi evdemoz unda iyos evdemos I

(1549-1578) da ara evdemos II (1666-
icavs 23 muxls, dalagebulia garkveuli TanamimdevrobiT: 1-li muxli kacis

yidva-gayidvas exeba, me-2_6 muxlebi
1669). `kaTalikosTa samarTlis~ xelrTvaSi aRniSnuli quTaTeli mitropoliti svimoni aRsaydrebula 1529 wels,
eklesiis gatexas, qurdobasa da kacis

kvlas, me-7_15 muxlebi episkoposis mier
igi ukurTxebiaT biWvinTis taZarSi. 54 3

krebis xelis momweri caiSeli (CiSeli)
da episkoposis winaaRmdeg Cadenil danaSauls, me-16 muxli _ mefis Ralats,

me-17_18 muxlebi _ kaTalikosisa da
episkoposis Seuracxyofas da uRirsi
mRvdlis kurTxevas, me-19 muxli _ saq-
episkoposi kvirile moRvaweobda leon

dadianis dros (1533-1571), misi gvari
yofila JvaniZe. 544 k. kekeliZis azriT,
kreba Catarebula 1543-1549 wlebSi. 545
pirveli TariRi (1543) afxazeTis kaTa-
mis mrudad gamoZiebasa da damnaSavis

gasamarTlebas, me-20 muxli saeklesio
likosis evdemon I CxetiZis aRzevebis

welia, xolo meore (1549) qarTlis kaTa-
mamul ebis dat acebas, 21-e mux li _

sjuldebis Sesrulebas, 22-e muxli _
rZlis SerTvas da ukanaskneli 23-e muxli
_ colis ubralod dagdebas~. 541
prof. i. doliZe aRniSnavs _ `kaTalikosTa samarTlis~ mTavari wyaro aris,
rogorc es samarTlis wignis Sesavlidan Cans, `sjulis kanoni~... akad. k.
kekeliZem gamoikvlia, rom kaTalikosTa
kanonebi damyarebulia `didi sjulis
kanonze~ da ara eqvTime mTawmidelis
mier naTargmn `mcire sjulis kanonze~...
likosis malaqias gardacvalebisa. àmrigad, kaTalikosTa samarTali Sedgenilia XVI s-is 40-ian wlebSi imereTis
mefis bagratis dros (1510-1565). 546
maSasadame, kaTalikosTa samarTali
Sedgenilia im dros, rodesac afxazeTis
(imereTis) kaTalikosTa taxti idga biWvinTaSi, ufro gvian (1657 w.) taxti
Crdilokav kasiel (afsar-aba z-Cerqez)
tomTa Semosevebisa da osmalTa mZlavrobis gamo gadatanil iqna gelaTSi. maSasadame, Tu zemoaRniSnul krebis mowvevis
`kaTalikozTa samarTali~ ar warmoadgens sjulis kanonis ubralo gamokrebas. igi qarTuli saeklesio samarTlis
originaluri Zeglia, romlis dadgenilebani qveynis maSindeli yofa-cxovrebis
sinamdviles asaxaven~. 54 2
kaTalikosTa samarTali mTel saqarTveloSi moqmedi sjuli iyo. masSi araa
aRniSnuli saeklesio krebis mowvevis
adgili. T. Jordanias azriT, romelic
TariRs daveTanxmebiT, kreba Catarda biWvinTaSi, sakaTalikoso centrSi, magram

arsebobs sxva Tvalsazrisic. vaxuSti batoniSvils aRniSnuli kreba XVII s-Si
Catarebulad miaCnda (daaxl. 1605 w.).
Cven veTanxmebiT pirvel daTariRebas,
radgan Zeglidanac Cans, rom krebis mowvevis droisaTvis `kacis syidvas~ jer kidev
ar hqonia farTo, Ria, daufaravi xasiaTi miRebuli, jer igi ar yofila gada-
amJamad aRiarebulia, `kaTalikozTa kanonebi~ dawerilia XVI s-is pirvel naxe-
qceuli `tyveTa syidvad~, romelsac XVII

s-Si ukve daufaravad misdevdnen. vax-
qar Tuli s amarTlis Zegle bi, I, 1963, gv. 60 8; 542 iqve , gv. 60 8; 543 qro nikebi, II, gv. 37 2; 544 iq ve,
gv. 4 14; 545 k. kekeliZ e, Zvel i qarT uli lit eraturis istor ia, II, 1960, gv. 57 1; 546 qar Tuli
samarTlis Zegleb i, II, gv. 605.
541
208
uStis da sxva mematianeebs miaCndaT,
is mowvevis epoqaSi) saeklesio samarT-
rom tyveTa syidvam CvenSi daufaravi saxe

miiRo rostom mefe-xanis da levan II
lis iurisdiqcias eqvemdebareboda ara

marto sasuliero saeklesio saqmeebi,
dadianis dros. unda iTqvas, rom adamianTa gayidvis faqtebis gamomJRavnebisTanave

(e.i. XVI s-Si) Cvens wmida eklesias miuRia zomebi, cdila ZirSive aRmoefxvra
es mavne codva, magram, qveyanaSi Seqmni-
aramed, zogierT SemTxvevaSi, sisxlis

samarTlis danaSaulebanic. 54 7
marTalia, im droisaTvis biWvinTaSi
krebis mowveva saSiSi iyo (e.i. XVI s-is
SuawlebSi), magram is mainc warmoad-
li viTarebis gamo, mis cdas obieqturi,

mosalodneli Sedegebi ar mohyolia. am
genda udides saeklesio centrs da,

rogorc Cans, aq, saeklesio dedaqalaq-
Zeglidan Cans, rom saqarTveloSi (kreb-
Si, Sedga ganxiluli kreba.
`samarTali kaTalikozTa~
[sruli teqsti]
q. saxeliTa da R ~TisaTa me, qristes mier kurTxeulman yovlisa saqarTvelosa
kaTalikozman patriaqman malaqia, me, qristes mier kurTxeulman afxazeTis kaTalikozman mamaT-mTavarman evdemon, davsxediT da SevkribeniT yovelni ebiskopozni
afxazeTisani.
da didi siymili movida codvaTa CuenTagan, mravali uwesoba da ujero saqme
Semovida: kacis klva, kacis syidva, eklesiis krexva da uxvedroba.
davideviT sjulis kanoni da Cuenca imisgan gamoviReviT; da raca imisagan ar
gamoviReviT, Cuen Cueni magieri ara SegDimatebia ra.
da sjulis kanonica asre bZanebs.
[kacis syidvisa ese gavaCineT] 1. q. ramanc kacman kaci gayidos, anu didman, anu
mcireman, anu Tavadman, anu aznaurman da an glexman, wmidaTa krebulTagan SeCuenebul iyos da ganHdili.
rasac kacs marTliT gankiTxviTa da gamoZiebiTa kacis syidva gamoaCndes, Tu is
kaci daiHsnas da moiyuanos, missa saydarsa da ebiskoposs dauurvos, ra erTic Zaledvas, damklebis ufalsaca dauurvos.
da Tu ver moiyuanos, vin ginda vin iyos, TavadisSvili unda aznaurSvili, unda
glexi, maSinc veram saqmem ver iHsnas, ukanonodca ars, - Zelsa mieces.
547
k. kekeliZe, qar Tuli literaturis ist oria, I, gv. 571.
209
da vinc qrTami aiRos da ar CamoarCos, SeCuenebul iyos wmidaTa krebulTagan

da kanonsamca queSe aris wmidaTa mociqulTasa.
q. eklesiis mkrexvelTaTvis ese gangwesebia 2. q. vinc eklesia gatexos da xati
ganZarcos ukanonod Zelsa mieces.
3. q. vinca eklesias Sigan Sevides da saqoneli gamoitanos, eklesiasa misi
saqoneli miezRos da kaci daSavdes.
4. q. vinca Zma moklas anu mama, Heli moekueTos da mamulisagan ganvardes.
5. q. vinca ubralo kaci moklas anu mgzavri, anu mcveli risame qurdobiT,
ganipatijos.
6. q. vinca qurdoba qnas, rarigadac pirvelad wesi yofiliyos, isre gardaaHdevinon.
q. ebiskopozis saqme ese gagDCenia 7. q. romelic ebiskopozi missa saydarsa
ganeSoros TDnier ocis dRisa, Tu ar patronisa mizezisa da saqmisaTDs da anu
samwysosa Sigan siarulisagan Tavi HelT ara hqondes da anu avad ar iyos, anu
missa samwysosa Sigan qorebiskopozsa gauwyuetlad ar aroninebdes da sjulis
saqmesa da mRdel-monaznis saqmes da missa samwysosa eklesiebis saqmesa marTlad
ar mwysobdes, ara marTebdes da ar amagrebdes, raca Zal-edvas, mis saydars ar
aSenebdes da ar kazmevdes, anu saydris mamuls ar amagrebdes, da romelmanca
ebiskopozman, raca sjulis kanonsa Sigan ar eweros, imas gareT anu uxvedrobisa
da sDnaobisa saqmesa zeda neba darTos da anu sakanono aarTvas, _ SeCuenebul iyos
wmidaTa krebulTagan da kanonsamca queS aris wmidaTa mociqulTasa, da misisa
saydrisagan eqsoria iqmnas.
8. q. romelmanca ebiskopozman diakoni da mRdeli asre akurTxos, rome marTalze ar ganikiTxos da anu daviTnisa da msgebsisa da kurTxevanisa kiTxva ar
SeeZlos, da anu umoZRuro iyos da moZRuari ar ganikiTxos, SeCuenebuli iyos.
9. q. romelmanca ebiskopozman sxvis ebiskopozisa Seundobelsa Sendoba misces,
anu diakoni da mRvdeli ukurTxos, SeCuenebuli iyos.
10. q. romlisac ebiskopozis samwysos Sigan ese iqnebodes, umRdlod da, Tu
Rone ar iyos, umTavardiakunod, eris kacis HeliTa anu ziareba gaegzavnos da anu
eziaros, xucesi wirvisagan daayenos.
11. q. romelman ebiskopozman missa samwysosa Sina ese ikadros da ar moikiTxos,
SeCuenebuli iyos.
12. q. romlisac ebiskopozisa qorebiskopozi soflis soflamdis da eklesiis
eklesiamdis ar mividodes da im eklesiis Sesavalsa kacebsa ar Sehyrides, uqmobasa,
naTesaobasa, avgzisobasa, sDnaobasa, marxvis Wamasa marTliT saqmiT ar gamoikiTxvides da ar marTebdes, SeCuenebuli iyos.
13. q. romelica, anu didi anu Tavadi, anu aznauri, anu glexi, ebiskopozsa
winaaRudges da marTliTa samarTliTa da gankiTxviT qorebiskopozs sarjulo ar
moakiTxvinos, SeCuenebuli iyos.
210
14. q. vincavin ebiskopozsa da missa qorebiskopozsa winaaRmdegoba hkadros,

marTliTa gankiTxviTa da gamoZiebiT rjuli ar mohkiTxos patronman, mefeman
misad sisxlad da Secodebad moikiTxos.
15. q. romelica ebiskopozi, didi anu mcire, kaTalikozsa samRTosa da sasjulosa saqmezeda, anu saydrisa, anu sjulisa saqme rame daeSaos, marTliTa gankiTxviTa da gamowulilviTa raca kaTalikozman swuarTos, ewuarTos da marTalsa
weszeda daadges, ara da ar gaugonos da arca iwuarTos, wirvisagan ganikueTos da
mefem saydrisagan eqsoria qmnas.
[mefis Ralatisa asre iqnas] 16. q. visac patronis mefis Ralati gamoaCndes,
anu didsa, anu Tavadsa, anu aznaursa, anu visac, marTaliT gankiTxviT da gamowulilviTa, rarigadac wmidaTa krebaTa da wmidaTa mociqulTagan gaCenili iyos da
sjulisa kanonsa Sigan eweros, sikudiliT ganipatiJos.
[kaTalikozisa da ebiskopozis ginebisaTvis] 17. q. vinc kaTalikozsa da ebiskopozsa aginos da upatiuroba hkadros, rarigadac sjulis kanonSi eweros, imrigad ganipatiJos.
[uRirsi mRdlis kurTxevisaTvis] 18. q. romelmanca ebiskopozman uRirsi mRdeli
anu diakoni akurTxos, da anu icodes misi uRirsoba, da anu wirva daanebos, da anu
qrTami aarTvas, SeCuenebulimca aris, viTarca sDmon mogD.
nurc ebiskopozi, nurc moZRuari da winamZRuari qrTamiT nu daidginebis. amisTDs
sjulis kanoni asre brZanebs: Seundobeli iyos makurTxevelica da kurTxeulica.
[mrudad gamokvlevisa da gamarTlebisaTvis]. 19. q. romelmanc kacis msyidveli da eklesiis mtexeli, marTali mrudad gamoikulios da mrudi ganamarTlos,
SeuCerebeli iyos.
[saydris mamulis gamoxumisaTvis] 20. q. vincavin, didman anu mcireman, saydarsa da monastersa mamuli gamoaxuas, anu sofeli, anu venaHi, anu miwa da agari,
vincavin [iyos], didi da mcire, SeCuenebuli iyos.
[sjulis gamTavebelTa da gardamavalTaTvis] 21. q. vinca es, mociqulTa da
wmidaTa krebaTagan ganwesebuli da Cuen mier damtkicebuli sjuli da wigni gaaTaos,
kurTxeva R ~ Tisa, ubiwod mSobelisa misisa da wmidiTa krebulTagan, da wmidaTa
mociqulTa, da yovelTa wmidaTagan. vinca es daamtkicos, locva-kurTxeviT da
SendobiT iyos TaviTa, coliTa da SviliTa, saxliT, mamuliT da agarakiT, rac
R~ Tsa kacisaTDs keTili daebados, yovliTa keTiliTa aRsavse iqmnas, locvakurTxeviT da SendobiT amyofos.
vinc am wmidaTa krebaTa mociqulTagan ganwesebuli da Cuen mier damtkicebuli
ar Seiwynaros da kaTolikes saydarzed dasmulsa winaaRudges da Cueni mcneba ar
daimarxos, krulmca aris caTa Sina da queyanasa zeda wmidaTa krebulTagan, wmidaTa mociqulTagan da yovelTa wmidaTagan, Se-mca-eqmnebis Zrwola kaenisa, SiSTD-
211
li iudasi, mexis-texa deoskoresi, moSToba gmirTa, dawva sodomelTa, keTri

geezisa, danTqma daTan da abironisi, sircxDli kriskenti da Tabinesi, da yovelTa
qristes uaris myofelTa Tanamca aris nawili misi.
[rZlis SerTvisaTvis] 22. q. vinca anu didman, anu Tavadman, anu aznaurman, anu
glexman, rZali SeirTos, SeCvenebulimc aris R ~ Tisagan da misTa wmidaTagan da
SDdTa krebaTa, wmidaTa mociqulTagan.
kacica da dedakacica gaRma-gamoRma dakiron, da mkiravni Cuengan dalocvil
da kurTxeulni iyon.
me,
me,
me,
me,
me,
me,
me,
me,
me,
me,
me,
afxazeTis kaTalikozi [evdemon], kanoniTa vamtkiceb.

quTaTel mitrapoliti sDmion, kanoniTa vamtkiceb.
genaTel mTavar-ebiskopozi antoni, kanoniTa vamtkiceb.
mama Wyondideli, kanoniTa vamtkiceb.
bediel mitropoliti, kanoniTa vamtkiceb.
moquel mTavar-ebiskopozi, kanoniTa vamtkiceb.
drandel mitrapoliti filipe, kanoniTa vamtkiceb.
cagerel mamaT-mTavari kozman, kanoniTa vamtkiceb.
xonel mTavar-ebiskopozi zaqaria, kanoniTa vamtkiceb.
nikorwmideli ebiskopozi iovakim, kanoniTa vamtkiceb.
CiSel mamaT-mTavari kDrile, kanoniTa vamtkiceb.
[colis ubralod dagdebisaTvis] 23. q. romelman ubralod coli daagdos,

SeCuenebulimca aris wmidaTa mociqulTagan da sikudiliTa ganipatiJos. 54 8
548
qar Tuli s amarTl is Zegl ebi, t . I, 19 63, gv . 393-397.
212
daviT-garejis saeklesio kreba (1702 w.)

1702 wels mowveul iqna saeklesio
kreba, romelmac gamosca dadgenileba _
`ganCineba saeklesio krebisa samonastro
wesisa da rigis Taobaze~. 549
marTalia, ganCineba sazogadod samonastro cxovrebas Seexeba, magram masSi
kerZoobiTi saubaria daviT-garejis monastris Sesaxeb. am dadgenilebiT kreba
Seecada, moewesrigebina daviT-garejis
samonastro cxovreba. ufro sworad,
krebas surda axlad daewyo da rogorme
aeRorZinebina samonastro cxovreba. saqme
is iyo, rom CrdilokavkasielTa (lekTa)
gamudmebulma TareSma daaZabuna daviTgarejis monastrebi XVII s-Si. monasterTa sisxlsavse cxovreba gansakuTrebiT daamcro 6000 beris amowyvetam. Zvel
saqarTveloSi berobis msurveli mravali qristiani iyo, didi survilic hqondaT daviT-garejSi moRvaweobisa, magram
aoxrebul monasterSi mudmivi SiSianobis gamo, Cans, darCena eZnelebodaT. am
da sxva mizezTa gamo 1702 wels mowveul
saeklesio krebis ganCinebaSi naTqvamia:
`Cven ama krebis brZanebiTa ese wigni,
piri da brZaneba davsdeviT, ase, rome:
1. r omeli be ri daviT garejas , Tu
naTlismcemels, Tu dodos, Tu berTubans mivides metaniad da dasadgomad da
aRTqma yos mun monastersa Sina samyofad da mere kualad ukun iqces da
dauteos Tvisi metania monasteri da
sxvad monastrad mivides ...Tavisi nebiT....
wyeul iyos da SeCvenebul RmrTisa da
oTxis patriarqisagan, svetis cxovelisagan da wmidis giorgisa, wmidis ninosa
da ama wmidis daviTis da dodosagan~. 550
549
aRsaniSnavia, rom Zveli qarTuli dokumentebi XIII s-mde asaxelebdnen xuT

msofli o patriarq s, maT Sor is igulisxmeboda romis eklesiis meTauric
(papic), am droisaTvis misi xseneba amovardnilia da mxolod oTxi marTlmadidebeli patriarqi moixsenieba (konstantinopolis, aleqsandriis, antioqiisa da
ierusalimis patriarqebi). am sabuTidan
kidev erTxel Cans, rom daviT-garejis
monastrebi mTlian qarTul eklesiasTan
erTad XVIII s-is dasawyisSi marTlmadidebluri orientaciisani iyvnen. amis
aRniSvna imisTvisaa saWiro, rom am monasterSi berad Sevida sulxan-saba orbeliani, TiTqosda kaTolike. cxadia, marTlmadideblur monasterSi kaTolike ver
dadgeboda, sulxan-sabas `kaTolikoba~
mxolod politikuri da ara sarwmunoebrivi orientacia iyo.
krebis ganCinebis me-2 muxlic SemoklebiT imasve imeorebs, rac 1-el muxlSia gadmocemuli. me-3 muxli krZalavs
unebarTvod berebis erTi monastridan
meoreSi gadasvlas. me-4 muxliT monastris datovebis Sendoba eZleva im bers,
romelsac `mefeTagan, kaTalikozTagan,
episkopozTa da darbazis erTagan gamovides episkoposad an winamZRvrad, anu
romelisame wessa zeda mdgomared. amas
Sendoba da madli hqondes~. 551
me-5 muxliT ekrZalebaT qveynis saero
da sa suli ero me Tau reb s (T ava deb s,
episkoposebs) Sewynareba monastridan
unebarTvod gamosuli berisa.
Zve li qar Tuli s amarTlis Zegl ebi, t. III, gv. 633;
550
iqve , gv. 634;
551
iqv e, gv. 634.
me-6 muxliT kreba wyevas da SeCvenebas
uTvlis krebis ganCinebis damrRvevT.
krebis ganCinebas xels awers 11 episkoposi: bodbeli, Tbileli, mangleli, samebeli, mroveli, Weremeli, wilkneli,
xarWaSneli, dmaneli, bovneli, walkeli
da erTi arqimandriti. ganCinebas brZanebis saxe misca kaTalikosma Tavisi beWdis dasmiT. kaTalikosis brZaneba daadastures amba alaverdelma nikolozma,
ninowmindelma iosebma, bodbelma mitropolitma zaqariam da mTavarepiskoposma qristeforem.
radganac krebis ganCineba uSualod
daviT-garejis monastrebs exeba, unda
vifiqroT, rom kreba iqve Catarda. amas
miuTiTebs krebis mier moxseniebul wmidaTa CamoTvlac. sazogadod, romelime
eklesiaSi, anda eklesiis sanaxebSi saRvTo
msaxurebis damaboloebeli Camolocvis
dros, rogorc wesi, uTuod moixsenieba
wmidani, romlis saxelzec aSenebulia
eklesia an monasteri. 1702 wlis krebis
ganCineba saerTo saeklesio siwmideebis
(sveticxovlis, sauflo kvarTis, sveticxovlisadmi mimadlebuli sauflo mironis) CamoTvlis Semdeg, pirvel rigSi,
ixseniebs kaxeTis mxaris siwmideebs:
giorgi alaverdels, wmida ninos (e.i.
bodbis saydars) da aboloebs ase: `madliTa mama daviT garejiTa da wmidisa
dodosiTa~ es ukanaskneli CamonaTvali
unda miuTiTebdes, rom kreba daviT garejSi, anda mis mamulSi Catarda.
erTi sabuTidan Cans, rom krebis
Catarebis Semdeg daviT-garejis monasterTa mdgomareoba ramdenadme gaumjobesebula. 1704 wels daviT-garejis
winamZRvarma onofrem, dodos winamZRvarma zaqariam da naTlismcemlis winamZRvarma xaritonma Txovna miarTves kaxe552
qar Tuli s amarTl is Zeg lebi, t. III, gv. 660.
213
Tis mefe erekle I-s da sTxoves monastrisaTvis daebrunebinaT sagarejos mamulebi, ris sanacvlodac monastrebi
iRebdnen valdebulebas, yovelwliurad,
yvelieris xuTSabaTs, sagangebod ewiraT
mefe-dedoflisaTvis, xolo xorcielis
kviras maTi SvilebisaTvis. 1709 wels
gamocemuli Sewirulobis sigelidan Cans,
rom dav iT-g arej is m onas treb i, e .w.
stavropigiulni ki ar iyvnen, aramed ninowmideli mTavarepiskoposis samwysos
Seadgendnen, yovel SemTxvevaSi, aseTi
pretenzia ganucxadebia ioseb ninowmidels: àReSennes monasterni ege udabnosani, vidremdis Seiqmnes adgilsa magas monasterni aTormeti Tavis-Tavad
winamZRvriTurT, da eseni yovelni iyvnes
samwyso da morCil RmrTisa mier kurTxeulisa mTavarepiskopozisa ninowmidelisa,
da romelnica uflebdes da ganagebdes
sagarejos wmidis ninos monastersa, maTica jer ars pyroba da kurTxeva amaTi~.
mahmadianebis SemosevaTa droso, _
wers ninowmideli episkoposi, _ ùdabnonica ese garejisani aoxrdes da mravalJam da mravalwel daSTa umkvidrod kacTagan da arRaravin iyo berTagani adgilsa magas wmidasa, vidremde yofad Cvendamde da iyo umkvidro kacTagan~. 552 ninowmideli mTavarepiskopos ioseb vaCnaZis dros berebs aRudgeniaT dodos monasteri, misTvis episkoposs mamulebi Seuwiravs. garda amisa, rac aRsaniSnavia,
am episkoposs berebisaTvis dauweria
saqarTvelos eklesiis mokle istoria,
wmida ninos moRvaweoba, asureli mamebis Camosvla, gansakuTrebiT ki daviTis,
dodos da lukianes cxovreba. episkoposis survili yofila, berebs hqonodaT
Sesabamisi codnac.
214
rogorc zemoaRniSnulidan Cans, 1702
Tavs ase moixseniebs: `Cven, meufisa
wels mowveuli saeklesio krebis Semdeg daviT-garejis monasterTa cxovre-
mier, samociqulosa kaTolike ekles ia s a z ed a d ad g in e bu l i pa t ri a rq i
ba SesamCnevad aRorZinebula.
aRsaniSnavia, rom saqarTvelos eklesias krebis mamebi uwodeben `samociqulo eklesias~. patriarqi Tavis
kaTalikozi evdemozi~. 5 53 saqarTvelos

eklesiis am saxelwodebas gausva xazi
Semdgomma, 1748 wels mowveulma saeklesio krebamac.
daviT-garejis krebis `ganCineba~
[ganCineba saeklesio krebisa samonastro wesisa da rigis Taobaze]

[1702 w.]
q. saxeliTa saxierisa, arseba daubadebelisa RmrTisa mamisa, Zisa da sulisa
wmidisaTa, SewevniTa da madliTa yovlad ubiwosa umetesad kurTxeulisa, uxrwnelisa qalwulisa mariamisaTa, SewevniTa da ZaliTa cxovels myofelisa jvarisaTa, ZaliTa da madlisaTa wmidaTa zecisa ZalTa angelozTa da mTavar angelozTa, madliTa da SewevniTa wmidaTa udabnos maSvenebelTa mamaTa, madliTa da
SewevniTa svetis cxovlisa kvarTisa sauflosa mironisa wmidisaTa, madliTa da
TanamdgomlobiTa wmidisa giorgi alaverdisaTa da SewevniTa meaTcametisa mociqulisa ninosiTa, madliTa mama daviT garejelisaTa da wmidisa dodosiTa;
Cven, meufisa mier samociqulosa kaTolike eklesiasa zedan dadginebulman
patronman kaTalikozman evdemoz, amba alaverdelman patronman nikoloz, mTavarefiskopozman qristeforem, ninowmindelman ioseb, sula qarTvelTa da kaxT efiskopozTa, winamZRvarTa, mRdelTa da samRdeloT dasTa ese wigni, piri da fici
davsdeviT da Sekrva gaxsnis brZaneba, viTarca brZanebs piri RmrTisa: romeli
ganxsnaT, xsnil iyos da romeli SekraT, krul iyos.
Cven ama krebisa brZanebiTa ese wigni, piri da brZaneba davsdeviT, ase rome :
1. romelic beri daviT-garejas, Tu naTlismcemels, Tu dodos, Tu berTubans
mivides metaniad da dasadgomad da aRTqma yos mun monastersa Sina samyofad, da
merme kualad ukuniqces da dauteos Tvisi metania monasteri da sxvad monastrad
mivides, Cvenad uSendobod da eris gamourCevlad, daupatijeblad, Tavis nebiT da
wadiliT da guliswyromiT, ampartavnobiT, dauTminobiT gamovardes, an sityuiT
553
qar Tuli s amarTl is Zeg lebi, t. III, gv. 633.
215
visiTme moRordes da wavides, wyeul iyos da SeCvenebul RmrTisa da yovelT misTa

wmidaTagan, Svidis krebisagan da oTxis patriarqisgan, svetis cxovelisgan da
wmidis giorgisa, wmidis ninosa da am wmidis mama daviTisa da dodosagan.
2. romelic Sevides, metania qnas dasadgomad, mamasa da krebuls piri da aRTqma
daudvas da aRar aRasrulos es Tavisi aRnaTqvami, wyeuli iyos da SeCvenebuli.
3. kvalad, romelmanc erTmanerTis SurobiT da qiSpobiT erTis monastridam
meoreSi sadgomad beri miiyuanos an TviTan mivides mamasa da krebulisagan uSendobod, isimc wyeuli da SeCvenebul iyos.
4. Tu mefeTagan, kaTalikozTagan, efiskopozTa da darbazis erTagan gamorCeviT
gamovides efiskopozad anu winamZRuarad anu romelsame wessa zeda mdgomlad, amas
Sendoba da madli qondes.
5. romelmac Tavadma, gina efiskopozman anu didman anu mcireman iqidam mamisa
krebisa Seundobari da gamovardnili da am wyevas qveS danarCunebuli beri miuSvas
da Seiwynaros, isic imisi monawile da Tanaziari iyos.
es ase gavarigeT da davamtkiceT.
6. vinc amas urC eqmnas, wyevasa da SeCvenebasa qveSe iyos da daTan da abironTana
da iudas monawile da moziaremc iqmnebis, wyeul iyos suliTa da HorciTa aqa da
mermesa mas didsa dResa, amin. amin. amin.
amisi mowame da damamtkicebelni: bodbeli zaqaria, Tbileli domenti, mangleli ioseb, samebeli nikoloz, mroveli, Weremeli, wilkneli, xarWaSneli parTeni,
dmaneli elise, bovneli ivane, walkeli nikoloz, maRalaZe arqimanditi nikoloz, sula qarTvelni da kaxni efiskopozni.
vinca am garigebisa da brZanebis damamtkicebeli iyos, madli da kurTxeva qondes.
vinca vin urC eqmnas, wyevasamca qveSe ars aw da maradis ukuniT ukunisamdis, amin.
qoronikons tJ.
beWedi: kaTalikozi evdemoz
vamtkiceb brZanebas amas kaTalikozis evdemosisasa amba alaverdeli.
xelrTva : alaverdeli nikoloz
vamtkiceb ninowmideli ioseb.
beWedi: mona RvTisa ninowmideli ioseb
vamtkiceb bodbeli mitrapoliti zaqaria am wigns.
beWedi: bodbeli zaqaria
q. batoni mTavarefiskopozi vamtkiceb am sigels. 55 4
beWedi : mTavarepiskoposi qristefore.
554
qar Tuli samarTlis Zegleb i, t. III, 197 0, gv. 633.
216
sakanonmdeblo Sekrebani vaxtang VI-is karze (1706-1709 ww.)

saqarTvelos saeklesio samarTlis
vlaTa samarTalni mosesmieri, romeli
erT-erTi mniSvnelovani wyaroa vaxtang

VI-is samarTlis wignTa krebuli. `mar-
TviT RmerTman mosca da amcno... meorisa

Zieba hyo saberZneTiT, oTxTa patriarq-
Tlmadideblobis mxne mxedarma, uflis

mier Zlierma moRvawem, sionis rjulmt-
Ta mier qenebiTa wigni sasamarTloni,

JamTa keisrisaTa... mesame moaRebina didisa
kicebiTa Seuryevelma svetma, marTlmadideblobiT da RvTis siyvaruliT Seuorgulebelma batoniSvilma vaxtangma~
somxeTisa mwyemsisa grigol ganmanaTlebelisa samarxos eCmiaZiniT somexT mefeTa

wigni samarTlisani... meoTxe, wmidaTa
Tavis garSemo Semoikriba qarTuli ek-
da marTlmadidebelTa qarTlis da afx-
lesiis, sityvisa da kulturis didi moam-
azeTis kaTalikozTa RirsTa episkoposTa-
ageni, Seakrebina maT qarTveli xalxis

mravali saukunis namuSevari wmida werilis, `qarTlis cxovrebis~ Tu `vefx-
gan ganwesebuli samarTali, mexuTe, didis mefeT-mefis giorgis mier Tqmulni

samarTalni mopovnebul-yo, romliTa
istyaosnis~ dafantuli furclebi, Seaswavlina isini da gamoacemina. vaxtangma agreTve Seagrova qarTuli samarTlis Zveli naSTebi da Zeglebi, Seadgina
sjiden samnive ese samefoni qarTlisani.

meeqvse, aRbuRa jayel-cixisjvarelisa
Tqmulni ganaCenni da samarTalni, meSvide, amaT yovelTa Semdgomad aRwera
axali, daamtkicebina krebas isini da

gamosca mTliani `samarTlis wignTa krebulis~ saxiT.
rogorc vaxtang VI-is samarTlis
wignTa krebulis SesavalSia naTqvami,
TviT sibrZniT da gulisxmobiTa TvisiTa, damowmebiT da nebadarTviT TvisTa

kaTalikoz-episkopoz da didebul-darbaiselTa, romeli aRwera TviToeulad
yovelnive samarTalni, ufros saxmar da
am epoqis qarTlis WeSmariti ganmanaTlebeli, e.i. yoveli axali erovnuli ideis

momwodebeli iyo mefe giorgi XI _ `mze
simarTlisa~, romelmac `qveyanaTa amaT
qarTlisaTa mohfina naTeli~. 55 5 mefe
sargebel qarTlsa Sina amaT sxvaTaca~. 556

sagulisxmoa, rom saqarTvelos samefoebs anu imJamindeli qarTlis, kaxeTisa da imereTis samefoebs, es Zegli, samives
erTad _ `qarTls~, `qarTlis samefoebs~
giorgim ineba da `mosca Tavis wilad

taxtsa zeda gamgeblad qarTlisad~ batoniSvili vaxtangi, romelmac ìgula
da igulismodgina da Semokribna yovelni
uwodebs, 557 esaa areali, sadac am samarTlis iurisdiqcia vrceldeboda.

CvenTvis gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania is, rom vaxtangma Tavisi Semoqmedeb-
wignni samarTlisani, romelni JamTa vi-
iTi samuSao Seafasebina da miaRebina
TarebiTa TviToeulad mimodabneuli iyo.

es yoveli moiZia, ipova da moiSova,
mravliTa iZulebiTa da friadiTa SromiTa moiRo pirvel dabadebisa da gamos-
krebas, romelic Sedgeboda kaTalikosisa da episkoposebisagan. am krebas, iseve,

rogorc saxelmwifo darbazis sxdomas,
mefesa da umaRles ierarqebTan erTad
555
Zve li qarT uli samarTlis Zegleb i, 1963, t. I. gv. 9 9;
556
iqve . gv. 10 1;
557
iqv e, gv. 100.
217
eswrebodnen didebulni da darbaiselni,
sis TanadgomiT moamzada kanonebi, e.i.
vaxtangs maTi `damowmeba da nebadarTva~ esaWiroeboda. am krebas, ramdenime
Seamzada e.w. `samarTali batoniSvilis

vaxtangisa~. amis Semdgom maT da sa-
sxdomisagan Semdgars unebebia damtkiceba da amoqmedeba samarTlis Zveli da

axali normebisa - `damowmebiTa da nebadarTviT TvisTa kaTalikoz-episkopoz da
didebul-darbaiselTa~, 556 rogorc wya-
gangebod Seqmnilma komisiam moiZies sxva

qristiani erebis samarTlis wignebi. gansakuTrebuli yuradReba daeTmo bizantiuri samarTlis wignebs. Semdeg ki
mTeli krebuli krebam daamtkica.
ro aRniSnavs, am samarTlis kanonebis

moZieba-SemuSavebis dros vaxtangs gver-
komisiam upirvelesad saeklesio samarTlis erT-erTi umTavre si wyaro
diT edga cnobili mecnieri, kaTalikospatriarqi domenti IV, agreTve mTavarepiskoposi grigoli, sxva mitropolit-
`friadi SromiT moiRo~. esaa e.w. `moses

samarTali~. komisiisaTvis gansakuTrebuli interesis sagans warmoadgenda
episkopos-winamZRvarni da sasuliero pirebi.
imperatorTa droindeli bizantiuri sa-
vaxtangi wers Tavisi

Se sa va lS i: ` nu ra vi n
mxolod TaviT TvisTa
ar am ed T ana yo li Ta
samarTlis wignis
hg on eb T, T vi T
rasame vyofdeT,
d a m ow mo bi Ta
marTali, romelic Tavis droze ara

mxolod saqveyno, aramed upirvelesad
saeklesio samarTlis kodeqss warmoadgenda. bizantiis imperiis damxobis Sem-
mRvdelmTavrisa da didis dedaqalaqisa

mcxeTisa da kvarTsa zedan sauflosa
svetisa RvTiv aRmarTebulisa da mironaRmocenebulis, saWed-mpyroblisa da
degac, ìgi moqmed samarTlad iTvleboda bizantiuri civilizaciis qveynebSi (saberZneTi, bulgareTi, moldaveTi, ruseTi, saqarTvelo, somxeTi da
xarisxisa zedan mtkiced mdgomelisa

Zmisa Cvenisa, batoniSvilis kaTalikosis domentisiTa, agreTve TanadgomiTa
aragvis erisTviSvilis mTavarepiskopozis
sxva), _ wers i. doliZe 56 0 moqmed

sama rTalSi igulis xmeba bizant ieli
nomofilaqsis konstantine armenopulos
naSromi - èqvsi wigni~. 56 1
grigoliTi da sxvaTa mitropolit-episkopoz-winamZRvarTa da saRmrToTaganTa~. 558

Tavisi samarTlis bolosityvaSic vaxtangi Seaxsenebs momaval kaTalikosebs,
episkoposebs, mitropolitebs, winam-
vaxtangis mier gamocemuli bizantiuri sam arTli s mi xedv iT Se dgen ili

`berZnuli samarTlis~ qarTuli versiis
umTavres nawils Seadgens armenopulos
èqvsi wignidan~ amokrebili kanonebi. mis
ZRvrebs, mRvdlebs, sxva s asuliero

pirebs Semdegi droisa, rom mis naRvaw
samarTals `mowmoba darTes erTa CvenTa
meore nawils Seadgens Targmanebi maTeos blastaris sintagmidan. Tavis mxriv,

armenopulo aRniSnavs, rom mis wyaros
srulebiT saRmrToTa da gina samxedroT

aman... yovelmanve erTbaSad da ese esreT ars Semzadebuli~. 559
safiqrebelia, rom vaxtangma domen-
sxvasTan erTad warmoadgenda imperatorebis: basilis, konstantines da leonis

proxironebi, sakanonmdeblo aqtebidan
amonakrebi, agreTve mefeTa wignis (basi-
ti kaTalikosisa da grigoli episkopo-
likis) Semokleba (sinopsisi) da sasa-
qar Tuli samarTlis Zegleb i, 1963, t. I, gv. 47 8; 559 iqve , gv. 532; 560 iqve , gv. 581;
, - VI.
558
561
218
marTlo praqtika, imperatorebis dadge-
ulos èqvsi wignis~ mokle kompilacia.
nilebebi, leon brZenis novelebis krebuli, leonisa da konstantines 18 tit-
bi za nt iis i mp eri is da ce mi s S em de g,
rogorc aRiniSna, saeklesio iurisdiq-
ulov ani ek loga, c xadia, umTav resi

wyaroa mociqulTa da saeklesio krebaTa kanonebi, sasinodo da sapatriarqos dadgenilebebi. 56 2
alfabeturi sintagmis avtoric, ma-
cia gavrcelda marTlmadidebeli mosaxleobis saero saqmeebzedac, radganac eklesiis xelSi moeqca marTlmadidebeli
mosaxleobis samoqalaqo iurisdiqcia, 566
amitomac erT mTlian korpusad gaer-
Teos blastari Tavisi naSromis wyarod

iyenebs saeklesio krebebis dadgenile-
Tianebuli iuridiuli krebulebi, romelSic saeklesio da saero samarTali Se-
be bs d a k anon ebs, ro mis sam arTl is

wyaroebs leon brZenis bazilikamde. 56 3
qarTuli `samarTali berZnulis~ Sesav-
dioda didi upiratesobiT sargeblobda. swored aseTi krebuli mouZiebia

vaxtangis komisias yofil bizantiaSi,
alSic asevea naTqvami: `leon brZnisa da
anu imdroindel osmaleTSi. ramden-
konstantinesi da sxvaTa xelmwifeTa mier

Tqmuli~. 564 es Sesavali da misi 1-li
muxli warmoadgens armenopulos èqvsi
wignis~ Sesavals. 565 i. doliZe eyrdnoba
imewliani Ziebis Semdeg, samarTlis wigni

berZnulidan gadmouTargmnia kvipriane
samTavnel episkoposs. `berZnuli samarTlis~ mkvlevaris, T. bregaZis azriT, mis
vl. sokolskis daskvnebs, rom berZnuli

kanonebis qarTuli Targmani warmoadgens blastaris sintagmisa da armenopulos èqvsi wignis~ kompilacias. es uka-
wyaros warmoadgens blastaris sintagma, armenopulos wignebidan CanamatebiT.

am xelnaweris qarTuli Targmani atarebs
gamokrebil xasiaTs. Targmani kvipriane
nasknelni berZnul-romauli samarTlis

mTavari krebulebi iyo da iyenebdnen bizantiis gviandel epoqaSi. blastaris sintagmas sasuliero, xolo armenopulos
samTavnels unda Seesrulebina, am episkoposma domenti kaTalikosis brZanebiT

Targmna `kurTxeva eklesiisa~, imave kaTalikosis brZanebiT samarTlis zogierT
naSroms _ saero sasamarTloebSi. rogorc

cnobilia, miuxedavad Turqebis mier bizantiis dapyrobisa, mainc osmaleTis
imperiaSi berZnuli da, sabolood, marTlmadidebluri mosaxleobis saeklesio
muxls gaukeTa minaweri. 567

aqedan Cans, rom vaxtang VI-sTan
erTad aqtiurad muSaobda samarTlis
wignebze kaTalikos-patriarqi domenti
IV, episkoposi grigoli aragvis erisTavis
da samoqalaqo saqmeebis iurisdiqcia

mTlianad konstantinopolis sapatriarqosa da berZen sasuliero xelisu-
Svili da agreTve episkoposi kvipriane

samTavneli. kaTalikos-episkoposebis aqtiuri muSaoba berZnul-bizantiuri saek-
falTa xelSi moeqca, amitomac praqtikuli saWiroebisaTvis osmaleTSi marTlmadidebluri saeklesio xelisuflebis
mier gakeTda yoveldRiuri xmarebisaTvis
lesio-samoqalaqo samarTlis wyaroebis

Zieba-Targmnisas miuTiTebs, Tu ra aqtiurad iRvwoda saqarTvelos eklesia samarTlis sferoSi XVII s-is bolos da
saWiro blastaris sintagmisa da armenop-
XVIII s-is dasawyisSi.
qar Tuli samarTlis Zegle bi, I, gv. 580; 563 qar Tuli samarTlis Zegle bi, I, gv. 582;
129 ; 565 iqve , gv. 582; 566 iqve , gv. 584; 567 iqv e, gv. 592.
562
564
iqve , gv.
219
komisiam ineba da agreTve moiZia e.w.
vaxtangis k rebulSi? b. aru Tinianis
`siriul-romauli samarTali~, romelic

im droisaTvis arsebobda somxur enaze
azriT, samarTlis wigns `naxevrad sakanonmdeblo, naxevrad moZRvruli xas-
da daculi iyo eCmiaZinis sakaTalikoso

wignTsacavSi. igi am droisaTvis gaer-
iaTi hqonda da modave mxareTa da mosamarTleTa neba-survilze iyo damokidebuli eRiarebinaT da gamoeyenebinaT igi
Tu ara~. 570 i. doliZis azriT, samarTlis wignSi Setanili normebi da wesebi
Tianebuli yofila erT samarTlis krebulad, mxiTar goSis samarTlis wignTan erTad. ori weli Targmnidnen `somxuri samarTlis wigns~ da mis safuZvelze Seqmnes e.w. `somxuri samarTlis
qarTuli versia~. igi, rogorc iTqva,
ori nawilisagan Sedgeba, esaa siriulromauli samarTlis qarTuli versia da
mxiTar goSis samarTlis qarTuli versia. masSi sul 431 muxlia. siriulromauli samarTali, vl. sokolskis
kvlevis Tanaxmad, Sedgenili yofila
V s-Si da es iuridiuli krebuli Zveli
droidan moqmedebda ara mxolod somxeTSi, aramed saqarTveloSic. 568 igi VVI ss-Si mcire aziis saxelmwifoebSic
yofila gavrcelebuli, viTarca bizantiis gavlenis qveS myof qveynebSi. siriul-romaul kanonebs gavlena mouxdenia mxiTar goSis samarTlis wignze (prof.
s. samuelianis azriT), mas `Zlevamosil
qristian mefeTa konstantines, Teodosis da leonis kanonebs~ uwodebdnen. 569
i. doliZis azriT, SesaZloa es siriulromauli kanonebi Zvelad qarTuladac
iyo naTargmni. magram igi dakargula da
amitomac vaxtangis komisias xelmeored
uTargmnia mxiTar goSis samarTlis wignTan erTad. 569 cxadia, marTlmadidebeli
bizantiis saxelmwifosa da misi imperatorebis kanonebi gamosayenebeli iyo saeklesio sferoSi ZvelTaganve.
riT unda yofiliyo gamowveuli mxiTar goSis samarTlis wignis CarTva
568
qar Tuli samarTlis Zegle bi, I, gv. 59 4;
569
moqmed samarTals warmoadgenda, Tumca

isicaa aRsaniSnavi, rom TviTon vaxtang
VI miuTiTebda da urCevda mosamarTleebsa da msajulebs gamoeyenebinaT ara ucxouri samarTali, aramed qarTuli, anu
vaxtangis samarTali. amis mizezad vaxtangi asa xelebs im garemo ebas, rom
qarTvelebis `wesi da qceva~ gansxvavdeba sxva qveynebis `rigisa da qceulobisagan~. amitomac ucxouri samarTali `Cvenda uxmar ars~, Tumca ki samarTlis
wignSi isini `SemoklebiT moipovebian~.
vaxtangi wers, rom Cveni qveynisaTvis
sasargebloa da umjobesia mis mier SemuSavebuli da krebis mier damtkicebuli samarTlis gamoyeneba. 571
osm aleT is ka none bis Sesab amis ad,
sxvadasxva religiuri Temis wevrebi osmaleTSi rogorc samoqalaqo, ise saeklesio sferoSic eqvemdebarebodnen sakuTar samarTals. amiT iyo gamowveuli,
rom yirimsa da osmaleTSi arsebul sxva
somxur koloniebSi mxiTar goSis samarTali moqmed samarTals warmoadgenda, cxadia, somxebisaTvis. sakuTari samarTlis moqmedebis es sfero somxebma
gaavrceles sxva qveynebSi mcxovreb somxebzec, magaliTad, poloneTSi. i. doliZis azriT, mxiTar goSis samarTliT xelmZRvanelobda saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi
somexi mosaxleoba, gansakuTrebiT _
vaWarTa fena. 570
iqve , gv. 59 5;
57 0
iqv e, gv. 602.
220
Tu es mosazreba misaRebia, maSin
vams imave azrs, rom biWvinTis gujari
saqarTvelos saeklesio krebis mier somxuri samarTlis kanonebis ganxilva gamo-
(iad gari) warmoad gens `k aTalik ozTa

kanonebis~ damatebas. Tavis mxriv, es
wveuli unda yofiliyo qarTuli eklesiis

samarTlebrivi iurisdiqciis sferoSi
sxvadasxva aRmsareblobis mqone mTeli
qveynis mosaxleobis moqceviT. qarTuli
saxelmwifo udgenda Tavis moqalaqe
gujari dgeboda TandaTanobiT, oTxi

saukunis ganmavlobaSi da Tavisi axlandeli saxe miiRo ara uadres XVIII s-is
pirveli meoTxedisa. aRsaniSnavia, rom
biWvinTis iadgaris mixedviT, biWvinTis
araqarTvelebs TavianTi eTnikur-aRmsareblobiTi niSnis Sesabamis kanonebs.
saydari mefeTa (imereTis) sakuTrebadaa

miCneuli _ `saydari maTi ars~. 575 me-2
vaxt ang VI -m da komisi am kre bas

warudgines saqarTvelos saeklesio sakanonmdeblo krebis kanonebi, cnobili
muxli icavs taZars `didebulis, Tavadis an aznauris~ ymis mier gatexisagan.

gamtexis qoneba saydars unda darCeno-
`kaTalikozTa samarTlis~ saxeliT. `kaTa-
da. mekobre da misi mebatone ki Zelze
likozTa samarTali mTel saqarTveloSi

moqmedi saeklesio sjuli iyo, radgan
igi damyarebuli iyo `sjulis kanonze~,
r om e li c Zv e lT a ga n ve mo q m ed e bd a
unda gaesvaT. sul 27 muxlia, romlebic

icavs sakaTalikosos qonebas, glexebs,
ymebs da mamuls, pirutyvs, jogs, `saydris Svilebs~, saydris `moxeleebs~,
saqarTveloSi. es kargad icoda vaxtangis

sakodifikacio komisiam, romelmac komisiis wevris saeklesio sjulmdeblobis didi mcodnis kaTalikoz domentis
`kaTalikosis kacs~, `zurgiT mzidav

xars, sefe xars~, `moxeleTa kacs~, `kaTalikozis yma-msaxurs~, `saydris moinales~, `biWvinTis garSemo sofelsa da
dasturiT es Zegli samarTlis wignTa

krebulSi Seitana, riTac kvlav daadast ur a mi si m oq me de ba a Rm os av le T
saqarTveloSi, marTalia, kaTalikozTa
glexebs~, àgarakebs~, sxva soflebs,

`metoq monastrebs~, qalaqebs, imaTSi
mcxovreb glexebs, msaxurebs, moinaleebs,
`soflis kacebs~, `cols~, `qals~, ve-
sam arTal i Sed genili iyo dasav leT

saqarTveloSi, magram igi mTeli saqarTvelos saeklesio weswyobisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli Zeglia. 572
i. doliZe wers _ `specialur lit-
naxs, `saydris ymebs~, ymis mejinibes,

mesadiles, mwyemss, krZalavs `biWvinTis
wyalSi~ nadirobas (Tevzaobas). ramdenime muxlSi ganxilulia didebulis, Tavadis an aznauris mier `kaTalikosis
eraturaSi kaTalikozTa kanonebs biWvinTis saydris iadgars adareben da mas

xsenebuli kanonebis damatebad Tvlian.
gineba~, èpiskoposis cema, xelT Sepyroba, avad gineba, upativoba~ da sxv.

bolos, aRniSnulia `viTarca sxvaTa say-
es azri ekuTvnis prof. al. xaxanaSvils~. 573 is al. xaxanaSvilma gamoTqva

Tavis `gujrebSi~ (18 91, gv. 124-125) da
werilSi - (Ljgjkytybt r uhepbycrbv
darTa uCinebulesi ars biWvinTis saydari, agreTve umetesi iadgari davdeviT

da davamtkiceT mtkice brZanebiT ese~.
biWvinTis iadgari, anu gujari, Sesa-
rfnfkbrjcjdsv pfrjyjv). 574 maTSi gamoTq-
Zloa marTlac damateba iyos `kaTalikoz-
q.s .Z., I. , gv. 532, vaxtangis bolos ityvaob a; 57 2 q.s .Z., I., gv. 60 7; 57 3 i. doliZe. `kaTalik ozTa
samarTali~, q.s. Z. I. gv. 610; 57 4 , - XI. 18 82. c. 568-57 1; 57 5 q.s .Z., I. , gv. 611.
57 1
221
Ta samarTlisa~, radganac zogierTi mux-
samarTali~ ixilavs mefis moRalateTa, uR-
li, romlebic am ukanasknelSi bundovnadaa ganmartebuli, biWvinTis iadgarSi naTladaa gadmocemuli. magaliTad, kaTalikosTa samarTlis me-17 muxlis Tanaxmad, kaTalikosisa da episko-
irsi mRvdlis makurTxevelTa, cud mosamarTleTa sasjelebs. agreTve debs sasjelebs

`saydris mamulis gamoxumisaTvis~, `sjulis gamTavebelTa da gardamavalTaTvis~,
`rZlis SerTvisaTvis~ da sxv.
posTa ginebisaTvis sasjeli asea micemuli

_ `vinca kaTalikozsa da episkopozs
aginos da upatiuroba hkadros, ra rigadac sjulis kanonSi eweros, imrigad
rogorc aRiniSna, radganac `kaTalikozTa samarTali~ saqarTveloSi moqmedi saeklesio sjuli iyo, igi ganixila
vaxtangis komisiam da gadasca krebas
ganipatiJos~, 576 magram moZebna imisa, Tu

ra ewera `sjulis kanonSi~, moiTxovda
Ziebasa da Sromas, amitomac biWvinTis
iadgarSi imave danaSaulisaTvis sasjelis zoma pirdapiraa naCvenebi _ `vinca
kaTalikozsa aginos anu sacemrad waizidos, 50 glexi saydars daeurvos da
kaTalikozsa ori sisxli daeurvos didisa SexvewiTa~. 577 maSasadame, damnaSaves
50 glexi saydris sasargeblod unda CamorTmeoda, piradad kaTalikosis sasargeblod ki òri sisxli~ unda gadaexada.
aseve qorepiskoposis ginebisa da upa-
dasamtkiceblad, amitomac igi Sevida

vaxtangis samarTlis wignTa krebulSi.
vaxtangis komisiam moiZia da sjuldebiT krebas gansaxilvelad gadasca
meore sakanonmdeblo Zegli, romelic
beqasa da aRbuRas samarTliTaa cnobili.
Cveni azriT, rogorc `kaTalikozTa samarTali~ warmoadgenda XVI s-Si Catarebuli saeklesio krebis mier gamocemul
kanonebs, aseve `beqasa da aRbuRas~ samarTali warmoadgens Wulevis eklesiaSi Semdgar saeklesio-sakanonmdeblo krebis mier Sedgenil samarTals, ukanaskneli
tivcemulo mopyrobisaTvis damnaSaves 12

glexi unda CamorTmeoda saydris sasargeblod, 300.000 TeTri ki TviTon dazaralebuls unda gadascemoda. aseve ganmartebulia sxva muxlebic. Tumca isic
unda iTqvas, rom kaTalikosTa samarTlis sfero ufro zogad-yovlismomcve-
ufro farTo moculobisaa da, Tavis

mxriv, Seicavs beqasa da aRbuRas samarTlis garda, agreTve `bagrat kurapalatis samarTlis~ da TviTon Wulevis
krebis mier gamocemul e.w. `kanonikur
samarTals~. maSasadame, Cveni fiqriT,
aRbuRa aTabag-amirspasalaris dros Wu-
lia, magaliTad, igi ganixilavs da debs

sasjels tyveTa syidvis da eklesiis
mkrexelTa winaaRmdeg. udebs kanonsa da
sasjelebs episkoposebs, magaliTad, me14 muxliT episkoposis mowinaaRmdege
damnaSavis gasamarTlebis Semdeg mefes
evaleboda misi dasja. me-15 muxliT kaTalikosis mowinaaRmdege episkoposs, darigebaTa Semdgomac gamousworebels, mefe
sayd ars Ca moarTme vda. `k aTalik ozTa
levis taZarSi Semdgarma saeklesio-sakanonmdeblo kreba-darbazobam, daaxloebiT 1295-1304 wlebSi, moiZia da ganixila misTvis saWiro Semdegi samarTlis
wignebi: 1. bagrat kurapalatis samarTali; 2. beqa mandaturTuxucesis samarTali; 3. aRbuRa aTabag-amirspasalaris
samarTali; isini daamtkica da erT samarTlis wignad Sekra, bolos ki daurTo TviT krebis mier gamocemuli `kanoni-
57 6
q.s .Z., I., gv. 39 6;
57 7
iqv e, gv. 612.
222
kuri samarTali~. es samarTlis wignebi
Wulevis krebam ara qronologiuri wesis mixedviT, aramed, Cans, moqmedi samarTlebrivi sicocxlisunarianobis Sesabamisad daalaga. rogorc aRiniSna, vaxtangis komisiam moiZia es krebuli, romelic `beqasa da aRbuRas samarTlis~ saxeliT da ara Wulevis krebis samarTliT
iyo cnobili da gadasca vaxtang mefis
karze moqmed krebas da vaxtangis samarTlis wignTa krebulSi CarTo.
vaxtangis samarTlis wignTa krebuli, agreTve, Seicavs gaerTianebuli
saqarTvelos samefos RvTivgvirgvinosan
mefeTa mier Sedgenil samarTlis wignTagan SemorCenil giorgi brwyinvales
`Zeglis dadebas~. es iyo saqarTvelos
mTianeTisaTvis sagangebod Sedgenili
sjulmdebloba. igi adgilobrivi xasiaT i s s a k a n o n md e b l o Z eg l i a , m ag r a m
saqarTvelos daSlis Semdeg erT dros
barisaTvis Seuferebeli da Seusabamo
kanonebi, daqveiTebuli da danawevrebuli saqarTvelos kuTxeebisaTvis moqmed
samarTlad iqca _ `romliTa sjidnen
samnive ese samefoni qarTlisani~.
vaxtangis komisiam, rogorc aRiniSna,
igi CarTo Tavis samarTlis krebulSi.
gansakuTrebuli mniSvnelobisaa am
krebulSi CarTuli `samarTali batoniSvilis vaxtangisa~. mkvlevarTa erTi nawilis azriT, am krebulSi marTalia Setanilia sxvadasxva erovnuli da ucxo
Zegli, magram savaldebulo Zala mxolod sakuTriv vaxtangis kanonebs hqondaT. krebulSi Sesuli moses, berZnul
da somxur samarTals mxolod damxmare
samarTlis funqcia hqonda. TviTon vaxtangis samarTalze didi gavlena mouxdenia bizantiur samarTals.
578
bizantiuri samarTlis gavlena rogorc
qarTul, ise sxva marTlmadidebeli qveynebis samarTalze, Turqebis mier konstantinopolis dapyrobis Semdegac ar
Sewyvetila, `piriqiT, SeiZleba iTqvas,
rom is erTgvarad kidec gaZlierda.
saqarTveloSi gavrcelda da gamoiyeneboda rogorc yvelaze Zveli (siriulromauli), ise berZnul-romauli samarTlis erT-erTi gviandeli Zegli, rac
mowmobs saukuneTa ganmavlobaSi berZnulromauli samarTlis mudmivsa da uwyvet
gavlenas saqarTvelos samarTlebriv wyobilebaze. am mxriv, saqarTveloSi ganmeorda yvela is movlena, romelsac
adgili hqonda aRmosavleTis sxva marTlmadidebel qveynebSi~. 57 8 sokolskis
msgavsad, prof. al. xaxanaSvilis azriT,
saqarTveloSi moqmedebda berZnuli (e.i.
bizantiuri) samarTali da didi gavlena
hqonda qarTul samarTalze, maT Soris,
vaxtangis kanonebzec. al. xaxanaSvilis
azriT, qarTul `sigelebSi xSirad naxavT miTiTebebs berZenTa kanonebze~. 57 9
rogorc al. xaxanaSvili aRniSnavs, vaxtangis samarTlis krebulSi CarTuli
berZnuli samarTlis 153, 166 da 172-e
muxlebidan momdinareobs batonymobis
mkacri xasiaTi vaxtangis samarTlis
wignis 235-e, 258-e da 259-e muxlebSi,
romlebic ymis uuflebo mdgomareobas
akanonebs. al. xaxanaSvils miaCnia, rom
bizantiis samarTlis didi gavlena qarTul kulturasa da kanonmdeblobaze
aisaxa vaxtangis kanonebSi, magaliTad,
misi samarTlis wignis 25-e muxlSi dakanonebuli principi _ `mefisa da kaTalikosis saqme orisave swori ars da
aRbuRas kanonebis 102-e muxlis norma
. C, - VI, . . . 1897, c.
56-93, q.s.Z. I. gv. 639; 579 al. xaxanaSvili, `batonymoba saqarTvelosi~, 1910. meore gamocema, gv. 50-51.
`meore mefe episkopozi ars~ bizantiuri samarTlis normebia. bizantiam kidev
ufro meti gavlena daaCnia saqarTveloSi qorwinebis, col-qmrobis kavSirisa
da ojaxis safuZvlebis ganmtkicebas~. 580
rusi mecnieris m. kovalevskis azriT,
`qarTuli saojaxo da saqorwilo samarTali mTlianad nasesxebia bizantiuri kanonikuri samarTlidan. romisa
da bizantiis samarTalma didi gavlena
moaxdina qalis uflebriv mdgomareobaze qarTul samarTalSi. beqasa da aRbuRas kanonebiT, qurdobisaTvis dasaxelebuli ormagi sazRauri nasesxebia romis
samarTlidan~. 58 1
vaxtangis samarTlis wignTa krebulSi
SesulTagan savaldebulo Zala mxolod
vaxtangis kanonebs hqondaT. germaneli
mkvlevaris d. holdakis azriT, ufro adre
igive azri gamoTqva haqsthauzenma. 582
al. vaCeiSvilis azriT, `vaxtangis
krebulSi Sesuli sxva iuridiuli Zeglebi dad ebiTi samarTlis damxmare
wyaros warmoadgendnen. moqmedi samarTali mxolod da mxolod vaxtangis
debulebiT ar amoiwureboda, vaxtangis
debuleba sargeblobda upiratesobiT, magram sasamarTlos hqonda kompilaciis
sxva normebis Sefardebis ufleba, Tu
amas saWiroeba moiTxovda~. 583
iv. surgulaZe ki miiCnevda, rom `vaxtangis samarTlis wigni Sedgenili qarTlis samefo darbazis monawileobiT moqmedebda mTel saqarTveloSi~. 584
isidore doliZis azriT, XVIII da XIX
ss-is sasamarTlo aqtebi metyvelebs, rom
223
vaxtangis samarTlis wigni moqmedi samarTali iyo, romelsac kanonis Zala hqonda.585
vaxtangis samarTalze gavlena mouxdenia Zvel saqarTveloSi arsebul sakanonmdeblo Zeglebs, amitomac igi qarTuli
erovnuli samarTlis yvelaze srulyofili
Zegli da marTlmsajulebis ZiriTadi saxelmZRvanelo wigni iyo gvianfeodalur
saqarTveloSi. 586 iv. javaxiSvilis azriT,
Zvel saqarTveloSi vaxtangamdec arsebobda ucxo qveynebis sakanonmdeblo Zeglebis qarTuli Targmanebi, maT Zveladac aerTianebdnen sxva qarTul ZeglebTan erT krebulSi. 587 berZnuli da somxuri
samarTlis wignebi ueWvelad winaTac iqneboda, maTi arseboba vaxtangs ar scodnia
da xelaxla gadmouqarTulebia. 588 d. furcelaZe sigel-gujrebis Seswavlis Semdeg mivida daskvnamde, rom qarTveli mosamarTleebi saqmis ganxilvisa da gadawyvetilebis gamotanisas sargeblobdnen vaxtangis krebulSi Setanili berZnuli da
somxuri kanonebiT. 589 amasve werda daviT
batoniSvilic, giorgi XIII-is Ze, qarTul i s a m a r T l i s i st o r i i s s a u k e T e s o
mcodne. 59 0
`samarTali vaxtang batoniSvilisa~
rogorc Cans, Tavdapirvelad, mTavrdeboda 204-e muxliT, romelsac mosdevda
bolosityvaoba. SesavalSi vaxtangi aRniSnavs, rom igi umciresi iyo ZmaTa Soris,
ineba `Tavad man ufalman gamoavlina piriTa utyueliTa brZaneba codvilTa mowyaleba da myo me msajulad da gamged
RvTismSoblis wilxvdomili qveynisa~. 59 1
vaxtangi, rogorc aRiniSna, werda, rom
al. xaxan aSvili, `bizan tiis g avlena saqarT velozed~, gaz . `moambe~ 190 1. #XII; 581 . ,
, T. I, c. 110-134. q.s.Z. I. gv. 639; 582 Holldak, Zwei Grandsteine 1907, p. 97102, Haxthausen, Trans caucasia, II, 1856, p. 28 2. q.s. Z. I. gv. 638; 583 al. vaCeiSvili, narkve vebi
qarT uli samarTlis istoriidan I, 1946, gv. 18; 584 iv. surgul aZe, saqarTvel os saxe lmwifos a da
samarTlis istoriisaTvis, 1952, gv. 113; 585 q. s.Z. g v. 641; 586 i. doliZe , vaxt angis samarT lis wignTa
kr ebulis Sedgen ilob a da wyaro ebi, q .s.Z . I. g v. 650; 58 7 iv. jav axiSvili, qar Tul i s amarTl is
istoria, I. gv. 118-119; 588 iqve, gv. 119; 589 . , , 1880, c. 20; 59 0 q.s.Z.
I. g v. 652; 59 1 iqv e, gv. 477.
580
224
samarTlis wignebi Seadgina `Tanayoli-
gardaexdevineba~ da sxv. mTeli Tavi aqvs
Ta da mowmobiTa~ domenti IV kaTalikosisa. aseve, aragvis erisTavis Svilis

mTavarepiskoposis grigolisa da sxva
mitropolitis, episkoposebis, winamZRvrebis, sasuliero pirebis TanadgomiT. saer-
daTmobili episkoposis sakiTxs, magaliT a d , 1 7 5 - e m u x l Si n a T qv a m i a , r o m

saqarTveloSi episkoposebis Semosavali
mcirea da isini ar arian didi qonebis
patronebi, radganac `saqarTvelo Rari-
Tod ara marto sasuliero ierarqiis,

aramed saxelmwifo darbazis TanamonawileobiTa da damtkicebiT _ `mowmobiTa da TanazraxviTa yovelTa darbazis
bi da usaqonlo qveyana aris, agre rigad

arc xelmwifis Semosavali aris, verc
amas episkoposis Zma da saxlis kaci
episkoposisagan iSoebs rasme misgan~. 595
erTa CvenTaTa~. 59 2
ma Sasa dam e, saxe lmw ifo dar baz is
sxdomebze ixileboda vaxtangis kanonebi, romelmac sabolood miiRo igi. saxelmwifo darbazi, rogorc aRiniSna,
rodesac saeklesio sakiTxebs ixilavda
da darbazobaSi monawileobda umaRlesi
ierarqia, imavdroulad warmoadgenda
saeklesio krebas kaTalikosis meTaurobiT. maSasadame, vaxtangis kanonebi miiRo saeklesio krebamac, es kanonebi imave
dros saeklesio samarTlis normebia,
radganac misi mravali muxli swored
aseve sagangebo Tavi eZRvneba sasjels

`qveynisa da rjulis RalatisTvis~. magaliTad, muxli 222-e ambobs _ `vinc
kacman qveyanas da qristes rjuls uorgulos RvTisa da batonis orisav mesisxle iqnebis~. 596
gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania vaxtangis samarTalSi mocemuli pativis normebi, romliTac saeklesio pirebi mikuTvnebulni arian qveynis sxvadasxva ierarqiul fenas. magaliTad, 25-e muxlis Tanaxmad _`mefisa da kaTalikozis saqme,
ukadrisi Tu rac ram feri, orisave swori
saeklesio sakiTxebs eZRvneba. sazogadod, samarTlis dadgenis procesSi kaTalikosisa da episkoposebis monawileoba
iuridiuli normaa. magaliTad, zogierTi muxli pirdapir miuTiTebs maT Carevas, 64-e muxliT gansazRvrulia colis
mtanjveli kacis mefis mier dasja da
aris, imitom rome erTi xorcis xelmwife aris da meore sulisa, kurTxeva
da pativic RvTisagan da kacTagan swore
aqvT maTi saqme Cven swored dagviweria~. 26-e muxliT mTavarepiskoposi pativiT gaTanabrebulia didebul TavadTan, 27-e muxliT episkoposi pativiT
miTiTebulia: `da kaTalikozmac asre

uyos~. 59 3 iqve miTiTebulia ìs kaTalikozman icis~, muxli 65-e _ `tanjva
hyos kaTalikozman~, muxli 66-e _ `kaTalikozman wurTniT unda Searigos~, muxli 79-e _ `kaTal ikozman da mefem
gardaaxdevinos~, `moZRvarman icis misi
sakanoni~. 594 muxli 96-e ès saqme kaTalikozma da mefem didad unda moikiTxo n~ , m u xl i 9 7- e ` k aT a li ko z is a ga n
gaTanabrebulia Sua TavadTan; 28-e muxliT arqimandritis pativi gaTanabrebulia mesame xarisxis TavadTan; winamZRvaris pativi tolia gadidebuli aznaurisa, mRvdel-monazvnis pativi Sua aznaurTan aris gaTanabrebuli, mRvdlis pativi _ calmogvi aznauris pativis tolia (mesame xarisxis aznauri, romelic
utoldeba meore xarisxis vaWars). mTavardiakvnis pativi msaxuris pativis
59 2
q.s .Z., I., gv. 47 8;
59 3
iqve , gv. 428;
59 4
iqve , gv. 50 1;
59 5
iqve , gv. 525;
59 6
iqv e, gv. 439.
t o li a ,
225
r o m el i c u t o ld e b a m e sa m e
na mari brosem XIX s-is 30-ian wlebSi.
xarisxis vaWars. (mitropolitis sisxli mTavarepiskoposis sisxlis mexuT-
1887 wels meore rusuli gamocema ganaxorciela d. baqraZem q. TbilisSi.
eds Seadgens). 597

vaxtangis kanonebi XIX s-is dasawyisSic ki gamoiyeneboda saqarTveloSi rusuli mmarTvelobis nebiT, amitomac mis,
rogorc imperiis erT kuTxeSi moqmedi
frangi rodolf darestis TqmiT, vaxtangis kanonebi èrT-erTi yvelaze saintereso Zeglia samarTlis istoriaSi~. 598
igi warmoadgens ara mxolod samoqalaqo,
aramed saeklesio samarTlis erT-erT
samarTlis mimarT xelisufleba interess iCenda. igi iTargmna rusulad da
wyaros, amitomac misi Seqmna-SemuSavebis droidan dRemde saqarTvelos ek-
1828 wels gamoica peterburgSi mmarTveli senatis mier. frangulad igi Targm-
lesiis istoriis mkvlevarTa Seswavlis

obieqts warmoadgens.
`samarTali batonisSvilis vaxtangisa~
q. myofisa umyofisa, arsisa da uarsisa damaarsisa, mqebi, araTu Rirsad da
SeZlebisa Cemisaebr mqebeli da mmonebeli, udebad mqone mpovnel viqmen.
viTarca mefeni, dRiTi-dRe mrevelni HelTa margalitTa Sina, da hpoeben
mZivTa raTame, da uxilvelobisaTvis aRiReben da STasdeben saunjed, patiosanTa
SemkobiT upatiosned margalitTa hyofen, egreTve ufalman Cvenman, mbadman yovelTaman da sibrZniT gamgebelman, mpova margalitTa Sina mravalTa da aRmiRo
msgavsad Hmisa amis meca egreTve, _ umcires viyav me ZmaTa CemTa Soris da umrwmes
saxlisa Cemisa, da vmwysidi Tavsa Cemsa ugunurad da TavHedad, Helni Cemni iyvnen
moqmed araris keTilisa, da TiTni Cemni vera romelsa iSromebden nebasa uflisasa,
aramed iyvnen uqm. vinme miuTxra esodeni borotni Cemni ufalsa Cemsa.
xolo Tavadman ufalman gamoavlina piriTa utyueliTa bZaneba, codvilTa
mowyaleba, da aRmiRo me unarCevesobasa saxlisa Cemisagan da myo me msajulad da
ganmged wilHdomilTa queyanaTa ubiwod mSobelisa dedisa Tvisisa araTu qmnilebaTa raTame keTilTa CemTaTvis, aramed unarCevesobisa CemisaTvis, amisTvismca,
raTa scnan yovelTa, raTa uswavlelTa da umecarTagan sTnavs da nebavs srulmyofelsa R ~Tsa maradis gonebakeTilisa.
59 7
q.s .Z., I., gv. 481;
59 8
iqv e, gv. 673.
226
i yo q ueya na ese q arTlisa yo vliT urT keTi li Ta Sem kul da Sezav eb ul,
xo lo cvaleb iT a dReTa da v iT areb iTa J am TaT a Tv iT si brZniT da T av iT
TvisiT sjiden da ganagebden, vieTnime moyusobiT, vieTnime megobrobiT, vieTnime moridebiT, vieTnime R ~ Tis uridvelobiT da vieTnime miRebiTa qrTamiTa, _ viTarca enebaT, sjiden.
xolo Cven, nebiTa R ~TisaTa da wyalobiTa didis HelmwifisaTa, pirveliTganve zeciT saqarTvelos mefed gankuTnilisa da aw sasufevel caTa Sina sulbrwyinulad manaTobelisa, pirvel vaxtang wodebulisa, xolo Semdgomad sparsTa eniTa
Sahnavaz Hmobilisa,
Zisa misisa, sruliad qeba-SemsgavsebiT Zniad misaTxrobelisa qarTvelTa mefisa da eranelTa sfadar-spasalarisa, amilbar-spaspetisa, uTvalavisa da uamravis spisa da laSqris mewinaved Cenilisa, uvneblad da mterze ZleviT maarebelisa, yandaarisa da qirmanis beglarbegisa, giriSqisa da hailaTis mWiravisa,
Zlierisa da uZlevelisa, pirvel giorgi wodebulisa da aw maRlis Helmwifisagan
wyalobiT meore SahnavazobiT Hmobilisa,
magierad myofman, Zeman eranis mdivanbegis levan Hmobilisa, aw Sahyulixan
wodebulisaman, saqarTvelos janiSinman da gamgebelman batoniSvilman patronman
vaxtang, winaTqmulTa amisTvis viwadeT sasamarTlosa wignisa aRwera.
pirvel dabadebisa, moses mier qmnili samarTalni, da kvalad berZenTa da
somexTa wignTagan gardmoTargmnebuli, egreTve kaTalikozisa, mefis giorgisa da
beqas ganCinebuli samarTlebi SevkribeT da ese yoveli zemore werebulman gamcnosT.
xolo eseca scanT, iguleT da igulismodgineT, da romelic genebosT da
umjobes giCndesT, miT sjideT da samarTalsa iqmodeT.
aw viwyoT ganaCenisa amis, Cven mier aRwerilisaTvis.
romelni ixilavT da ismenT, nuravin hgonebT, TviT mxolod TaviT TvisiT
rasame vyofdeT, aramed TanayoliTa da mowmeobiTa mRdel-mTavrisa da didis
dedaqalaqisa mcxeTisa da kvarTsa zedan sauflosa svetisa RmrTiv aRmarTebulisa
da miron-aRmocenebulis, saWed-mpyrobelisa da HarisHsa zedan mtkiced mdgomelisa, Zmisa Cvenisa, batoniSvilis kaTalikozis domentisiTa,
egreTve TanadgomiTa aragvis erisTviSvilis mTavarebiskopozis grigoliTi da
sxvaTa mitrapolit-ebiskopoz-winamZRvarTa da samRrToganTaTa,
da mowmeobiTa da TanazraxviTa muxranis batonis erekleTi, aragvis erisTavis
giorgiTa, qsnis erisTvis daviTisiTa, orbeliZe sardris luarsab iTa, amila xo ris av Ta ndi li Ta, m div anb egis erastiT a da sxv aTa yovelT a darb azis
erTa Cv enTaTa,
da kiTxviTa WkuaTa myofelTa da moxucebulTa kacTaTa gavaCineT da davwereT,
romelsa mivwvdiT da anu gonebani Cvenni samarTalTa mixudnen.
227
amiT ufro viqmeniT mizez wignisa amis, rameTu aRaravin gandrikos sasworsa
samarTlisasa qrTamiT, gina moyusobiT anu sxvefriv riTme midgomiTa, aramed
pirvel ganaCenni ixilon, da axali eseca, da romelic enebos mosamarTlesa, miT
iqmodes samarTalsa.
me es wigni asre ar damiweria da arca viCemeb, rome ara akldes ra. bevri aseTi
saCivrebi aris da mova, rome zogi ver movigoneT da arc miswudebis kacis goneba.
vinc mixudes rasme da moigonos, CaurTos da Casweros, kargsa da marTebuls iqs.
25. mefisa da kaTalikozis saqme, ukadrisi Tu rac ram feri, orisave swori
aris, amitom rome erTi Horcis Helmwife aris da meore - sulisa, kurTxeva da
pativic RuTisagan da kacTagan swore aqvT. dastur, mefes ufross pativs scemen,
magrame Horcielis SiSiT iqmonen. amitom maTi saqme Cven swored dagviweria. Tu
ara sjobdes, vinc ukeT icodes, Cven nuras gvabralebs, iman daweros.
numca vin ikadrebs da numca vis SeemTxveDs eseviTari, romeli avnebs Horcsa da
umetesad sulsa, nuca samRTo kacisa da nuca sxvaTa ZeTa adamisaTa, _ romelsa me
vHmob, eseviTari.
nu Tu pirveliTganve samoTxidam pirvelisa mamis, adamis, gamomZebelman, dauZinebelman, maradis mbrZolman da mterman, uxilavman eSmakman TvisiTa manqanebiTa da
sabrHe-gebiTa aRZras bunebani kacTani Surad da kulad kacisad, gina saRmToganTa
zedan, gina Tu didebulTa da Tavadsa zedan anu Tu aznaurTa da glexTa zedan, anu
Tu mama Zesa da Ze mamazeda, gina Zma Zmazeda da moyuasi moyuaszeda, - eseviTars
saqmes SeemTxvios, mas ukan amis meti aRara gaewyobis ra, rogorc dagveweros, asre
unda iqnas.
26. didebulis Tavadis mTeli sikudilis sisxli - aTas xuTas ocdaTequsmeti
Tumani. am didebulis Tavadis tolad - mTavarebiskopozis sisxli. am mTavarebiskopozis sisxlze mexuTed naklebad - mitropolitis sisxli.
27 . dideb uls quemo Tis, Suas Tav adis si sxli - Svi das sa mocdarv a T um a ni. a m a sT a n, asre - di deb uli s saxli s ka ci s si sxli . a m a sTa n, a sre ebi sko p ozi s sisxli .
28. amas quemoTs, mesames Tavadis sisxli - samas oTxmocdaoTxi Tumani.
amasTan, asre - arqimandritis sisxli.
29. ga didebulis a znauris sisxli - as oTxmocdaTormeti Tumani. a masTan
asre - winamZRvris si sxli.
30. amas quemoTis, Suas aznauris sisxli - oTxmocdaTequsmeti Tumani. amasTan,
asre - mRdel-monoznis sisxli. amasTanve, amis mexuTed sisxl-daklebiT, _ mwiris
monoznisa. am Suas aznauris mTelis sisxlis toladve - didebulis didvaWris
moqalaqis sisxli.
228
31. calmogvis, mesames aznauris sisxli - ormocdarva Tumani, amasTan, asre mRvdlis sisxli. amasTan - didebulis vaWris quemoTis, meores vaWris sisxli.
32. amasTan, asre daklebiT, msaxuris sisxli - ocdaoTxi Tumani. amasTan mTavardiakvnis sisxli. amasTan - Suas vaWris quemoT, mesames vaWris sisxli.
64. magram kaci rom cols stanjDdes da upatiurad epyrobodes, da urigos uSureb o des, mefem i s kaci daa b as, datuqsos, a va d m iep yra s da ka Ta likozmac asre uyos.
sxva amas garda Tu ram col-qrmobaSi urigo ram moHdes, is kaTalikozman icis.
65. Tu colman qmari moklas anu wamliT anu, sxva riTme, gasinjeT, risTvis
mouklavs. Tu aseTi ram eqnas, rom emarTlebodes, Tqven iciT; da Tu ubralo
mokla, egec Tqven iciT. R ~Tn nu qnas, da Tu Cvens JamSi moHda, Cven viciT.
Tu colman qmars an sces, an daWras, didi gvema da tanjva uyos kaTalikozman.
66. coli da qmari ragind sZulden erTmaneTsa, ubralod gayra ar iqnebis,
kaTalikozma wurTniT unda Searigos.
79. agreve moHdeba, ded-mamaSi sxvac ram umarTebulo moHdes. Tu gamoCndes, kaTalikozma da mefem gardaaHdevinos; Tu ar gamoCndes, moZRvarma icis misi sakanono.
106. sasaflao, xati, jvari, saydris mamuli erTia. Tu ar gahyofen, isi sjobs,
saydris ymasa.
[ebiskopozis beiTalmalisa asre iqnas] 175. ebiskopozis beiTalmali Cvens
mixdomaSi srulobiT saydrisa unda iyos, magrame viTac saqarTvelo Raribi da
usaqonlo queyana aris, agre rigad arc Helmwifis Semosavali aris, verc aras
ebiskopozis Zma da saxlis kaci ebiskopozisagan iSoebs rasme m isgan, rome
ebiskopozis damarxva SeiZlos, amitom uwinac ase yofila garigebuli da aRarc
Cven movSaleT.
asre iqnebodes. romelic saydris rigi da iaraRi ebizkopozs iq daxudomia,
imas gardais kidev Tu TviTon Tavis JamSi an Tavis kondakiT da an saydris
mamulidam saydrisaTvis gaukeTebia ram da Seuwiravs, is saydars ar moeSlebis.
da imaT gareTad Tu ram darCebis TeTri, farCa, vercxli, puri, Rvino da
pirutyui, imisgan erTi wili saHelmwifo aris, erTi wili saydrisa, erTi wili
ebiskopozis Zmebisa, rom ebiskopozi damarxon.
[bolosityvaoba]. q. TviT, TaviT TvisiT aRmometyueli wignisa amis samsajulosa da momRebeli winaSe yovelTa myofTa da yofadTa, Ze mefeTa da ganmgebeli
qarTvelTa erTa, batoniSvili vaxtang, kualad vityvi Tquenda.
eha, warCinebulno da R ~ Tisa erTuflebisa da samTviTebis gulmHurvlad madidebelno da Seuorgulebulno sakuTarno mamano, kaTalikozno, ebiskopozno,
229
mitrapolitno, winamZRvarno, mRdelno da sxvano samRrToganno, da Semdgomad

Cvenda mefeno, ufliswulno, didebulno, Tavadno, aznaurno da yovelno myofno
qarTlisano, romelni hgiebT da kvalad sxvani egebodeT, da ixilevdeT naRvawTa
da werebulTa wignTa amaT sasamarTloTa, Cven mier TqmulTa da Tqvenda momarT
moRebulsa, pirvelve dasawyisman wignisa amisamanve gamcnosT da munve mogiTxrasT,
Tu viTar mizez veqmeniT aRwerad TviToeulad samarTalTa.
friadiTa SromiTa da mravlisa gamomeZieblobiTa TviT vigulismodgineT.
romelsa zedan m owmoba da rTes erTa CvenTa srulobiT sa mRrToTa da gina
samHedroTaman, brZenman da monaxulman, yovelmanve erTbamad. da ese esreT ars
Semzadebuli.
xolo sxvanic zemore xsenebulni wignebi sasamarTloni didTa samefoTani, moviZieT da moviReviT, da mravlis sasjeliTa vidre welTa meoredmde gardmovTargmneT. da iginica uklebelad aRgviweries da ars Semkobili yovlisa samarTliTa.
aramed, vinaTgan qarTvelTa wesni da qcevani sxva rame ars da ara mihgavs
sxvaTa queyanisa rigTa da qceulebaTa, sxva ars didebuli da Tavadi, sxva ars
sisxli da sikudili, sxva ars Ralati da ukadrisi, amad eseviTarisa samarTalni
sxvaTa ganaCenTa Sina moklebiT ipoebis da maTi wigni ufros Cvenda uHmar ars.
nu siqadulad SemiracxavT, da vgonebT umjobesad yovelTasa wignsa amas, sasargeblod queyanisa amisad. amad nuravin sZulobs da iundovebs.
aw viajebi yoelTa da isminon ese. romelman brZenman da gulisHmismyovelman
msajulman da mosamarTleman aRmokveTisaTvin qrTamTa da miudgomlobisTvin moyuasTa da Tvaluxvavad sjaTa wvrTilebisaTvin imZulvaroT wigni ese da moiZagoT, da
ineboT Secvla samarTalTa sxvebr raTme, amas nu hyofT, nuca garyvniT werilTa
CvenTa, romeli aRgveweros. aramed romelman umjobesi sibrZniT TvisiT hpoos,
igi CarTviT, Tvisve Tqmulad, sad enebos, mun daweros da igic egos.
xolo romelman ara isminos vedreba ese da moSalos samarTlebi Cveni, sxvebr
Secvalnes, codvaTa CvenTa mier igimca daisjebis.
222. q. vinc kacma queyanas da qristes rjuls uorgulos, kidec xedevdes, imiT
rjuli waHdebodes, imas miyues, _ R ~Tisa da batonisa orisav mesisxle iqnebis da
yoveli avi imaze marTebuli aris. 59 9
59 9
qar Tuli s amarTlis Zegl lebi, t . I, 1963, gv . 477-539.
230
Tbilisis III saeklesio kreba (16.XI.1748 w.)

1748 wlis 16 noembers mefe Teimu-
Tvelos `gamoxsnisa da aRdgomisa~, yve-
r a z is Z i s e r e k l e I I - i s b r Z a ne b i T
mowveul iqna saeklesio kreba. es kreba
laze mowinave Zalebi Cveni qveynisa

`gamoxsnis~ qveS gulisxmobdnen mahma-
warmoadgenda cdas, aRdgeniliyo Zveli

qarTuli saeklesio-saxelmwifoebrivi
dianuri saxelmwifoebis uRlisagan saqarTvelos gaTavisuflebas da erovnul-
wesrigi. saqme is iyo, rom 1632 wlidan

vidre 1744 wlamde sparsTa mier gauqmebuli iyo qarTuli saxelmwifoebriobis
qristianuli saxelmwifoebriobis aRdgenas, xolo àRdgomis~ qveS igulisxmeboda didi saqarTvelos aRdgena `daru-
erovnuli saxe, qarTl-kaxeTs marTavd-
bandidan nikofsiamde~ (e.i. gamahmadi-
nen mahmadiani mmarTvelebi. erovnul-
anebuli mesxeTis, saingilosa da afx-
qristianuli saeklesio-samoqalaqo erToba, romelsac ZvelqarTuli saxelmwifoebrioba efuZneboda, moispo. qarT-
azeTis _ dedasamSoblos wiaRSi dabruneba). marTlac, aswlovanma moRvaweobam Tavisi Sedegi gamoiRo. 1744 wlis
lis mahmadiani mmarTvelebi `mSvidobiani cxovrebis~ niRbiT faravdnen erovnul-qarTuli suliskveTebis daTrgunvasa da Cakvlas. `SeeriaT qarTvelTa
1-el oqtombers akurTxes qarTlis qristiani mefe Teimurazi sveticxovelSi.

esaa ubednieresi TariRi qarTuli erisa
da eklesiis aTaswlovan cxovrebaSi.
gancxroma, sma-Wama yizilbaSuri, siZva, mruSoba, tyuvili, xorcTa gansveneba, abano, keklucoba ugvani, meCange,
mgosani. rameTu ama saqmeTa moqmedTagan kide aravis scemdnen pativsa~ yiz-
rogorc iTqva, mahmadianTa mmarTvelobisas yovelmxriv (sulierad da ekonomikurad) dauZlurda qarTuli eklesia. saWiro iyo saqmis swrafi gamosworeba, risTvisac didad uRvawia Cvens
ilbaSnio, _ wers vaxuSti batoniSvili.

erovnuli tradiciebis Sinagani rRveva
_ represiebze ufro metad saSiS movlenas warmoadgenda qarTvelebisaTvis. 600
qarT veloba g adagvar da, ekle siam
udides patriarqs anton I kaTalikoss.

Cans, igi ramdenime wlis manZilze amzadebda saeklesio krebas. 1748 wels, qristian mefeTa taxtis aRdgenidan sul male,
Sedga saeklesio kreba qalaq TbilisSi.
dakarga Zveli saxelmwifoebrivi funqciebi da xalxis zneobazec gavlenas

veRar axdenda. qveyana gairyvna, erovnuloba Seirya. qarTvelebma icodnen, rom
krebis mizani Cans gamocemul kanonebSi,

krebam aRniSna: `vinaidgan pirvel amaTsa warmarTni mefeni flobdes qarTvelTa, ranTa, kaxTa da yovlobiTad ersa
mironcxebuli (e.i. qristiani) mefis
RmrTisasa da qristes cxovarTa ara
taxtze asvla yvela am ubedurebas bolos mouRebda imiT, rom qarTuli saxelmwifo erovnul xasiaTs daibrunebda. SemuSavda sagangebo programa saqar-
avlendes wrfelad mwvanilovansa, aramed

aZovebdes ekalTa da kurosTavTa zeda
da amaT mizezTa mier naTlad sja da
sjulis xedva mifarul iyo da umecar-
600
l. menabde, qarT lis kaTalikos i evde moz I, saRvTis metyve lo kreb uli, 1986, #1, gv. 101.
Ta werilisaTa ganryvnil iyo da daknineb601
231
Svidi saeklesio krebis damowmeba qarTu-
ul kanuni da wesi eklesiisa~.

e.i. aqamde `warmarTi~ (igulisxmeba
mahmadiani) mefeebi flobdnen qarTl-kaxeTs, isini `qristes cxovarT~ (e.i. qristianebs, qarTvelebs) mwvane saZovars ki
li eklesiis wmida, marTlmadideblur

tradiciul mimarTulebaze miuTiTebda.
miuxedavad Sinagani marTlmadidebluri bunebisa, kreba qarTul eklesias
`samociqulos~ uwodebs. saqme isaa, rom
ar aZovebdnen, aramed nar-ekals, amis gamo

gairyvna kanoni da saeklesio wesi, gonebac dabnelebuli iyo (`naTlad sja~)
saRmrTo werilis arcodnis gamoo.
sityva `samociqulo~ Tavis TavSi Seicavs Rrma saeklesio-iuridiul datvirTvas. Zvelad samociqulo eklesia Tavisi
iurisdiqciis qveS myofi teritoriis
`maSin RmrTis msaxurman mefeman, yovlad sanatrelman patriarqman, wmidaTa

mitropolitTa, arqiepiskoposTa, arqimandritTa da mRvdelTa sulisa mxurvalebiTa moiRes pirvelad mtkice brZaneba wmidis saxarebisa da samociqulosa
kanunisa da wmidaTa SvidTa msoflioTa
krebaTa da wamebiTa maTiTa aRavses nakluvaneba eklesiisa, daamtkices da daaweses
kanuni ese 27~. 602
aRsaniSnavia, rom es kreba saqarTvelos eklesias xazgasmiT uwodebs `samociqulo eklesias~. erekle mefemo, nabr-
mTel mkvidr mosaxleobas Tavis samwysod ganixilavda, e.i. miaCnda, rom nebismieri moqalaqe, mis samwysoSi Semavali, unda SeerTeboda im sarwmunoebriv
aRmsareblobas, romelsac mociqulis mier
naqadagebad Tvlida. saqarTvelos magaliTze es aseT saxes iRebda: saqarTveloSi mociqulTa da mociqulTa swor wm.
ninos mier marTlmadidebluri sarwmunoeba miiRo mTelma mosaxleobam, anu
qarTvelma erma, SemdgomSi JamTa viTarebisa da mterTa Semosevebis gamo saqarTvelos eklesiis am samwysoSi, anu qarTu-
Zanebia am ZeglSi, `Semokribna mwyemsni

sityvierTa kravTani mtkicesa Sina qalaqsa
tfilisisa, saRmrToTa samsjelmmarTebelsa palatsa Sina yovelTa Txemisa samociqulosa eklesiisaY~.
eklesiam aRniSna Tavisi marTlmadidebluri mimarTuleba imiT, rom aRiara
li mosaxleobis erT nawilSi ucxo eklesiebma gaavrceles ucxo sarwmunoebani (magaliTad, monofizitoba, kaTolikoba, mahmadianoba), mosaxleobis am
ukv e ara marTl madide blur nawil sac
qarTuli eklesia Tavis samwysod miiCnevda Tavisi samociquloobis gamo da
mxolod Svidi msoflio krebis avtoriteti, kaTolikuri eklesia aRiarebs ara

Svid, aramed gacilebiT ufro meti krebis avtoritets, radganac X-XVII ssSi, erTobis droindeli Svidi msoflio
krebis Semdeg kaTolikur samyaroSi
Catarda mravali gaerTianebuli kreba,
romelTac kaTolikeni `msoflio~ krebad moixsenieben. 1748 wlis saeklesio
krebis mier, rogorc aRiniSna, mxolod
Tvlida, rom mas ufleba hqonda emuSava

qarTvel kaTolikeebTan, mahmadianebTan,
grigorianebTan, warmarTebTan, raTa isini
dabrunebodnen mociqulTa mier naqadageb sarwmunoebas, Tavis dedaeklesias.
maSasadame, marTlmadideblobas. es termini (`samociqulo~) saeklesio-iuridiul datvirTvas Seicavda da `samociqulod~ wodebiT saqarTvelos eklesia mTel
mkvidr mosaxleobas, anu mTel ers sar-
601
qar Tuli samarTlis Zegleb i, III, gv. 79 8;
602
iqv e, gv. 799.
232
wmunoebrivi orien taciis miuxedavad
muxli Seexeba saekles io mamul ebis
Tavis kanonier samwysod Tvlida.

1748 wlis krebis kanonSi `patriarqi antoni~ Tavis Tavs `sruliad saqarTvelos msajulvels~ uwodebs. 603 marTlac,
qarTlis kaTalikosi, rogorc wina saek-
saqmes, 27-e muxli Seexeba zvarakis (cxvris, pirutyvis) dakvlis akrZalvas eklesiis SemogarenSi. saerTod, aRsaniSnavia, rom es kanonebi SemuSavebulia
rusul eklesiaSi miRebuli Targis Se-
lesio krebebis (magaliTad, `samarTali

kaTalikosTa~) ganxilvidan Cans, sruliad
saqarTvelos eklesiis upirvelesi sasuliero msajuli, kanonmdebeli iyo. xe-
sabamisad. magaliTad, me-4 muxli krZalavs trapezis `kedelsa zeda aRkvras~,

maSin roca ZvelqarTul patara zomis
eklesiebSi sakurTxevlis simciris gamo
lrTvebSic antoni Tavis Tavs aRmosavleT saqarTvelos kuTxeebTan erTad `samcxe-saaTabagosa da yovlisa qvemo saqarTvelosa~ patriarqs uwodebs. 604 ucxour (berZnul) wyaroebSi afxazeTis, anu
dasavleT saqarTvelos sakaTalikosos
`qvemo iberiis saarqiepiskoposo~ ewodeba, msgavsadve qarTul sabuTebSic dasavleT saqarTvelos `qvemo iveria~, anda
`qvemo saqarTvelo~ ewodeba, aRmosavleT saqarTvelos ki `zemo~. antoni Tavis
Tavs aRmosavleT da dasavleT saqarTvelosa da rac yuradsaRebia, im dros
mouxerxebeli iyo trapezis Sua adgilas (`saSualos zeda~) dafuZneba da pirdapir adgamdnen aRmosavleT kedels. rusul
eklesiaSi msgavsi praqtika ar arsebobda, amitomac krebam qarTul eklesiaSic
akrZala. 27-e muxliT aikrZala zvarakis dakvla eklesiis ezoSi, maSin roca
aRmosavleTis qristianul eklesiebSi
miRebuli iyo cxovelis dakvla, Sesabamisi locvac ki arsebobda, saqme isaa,
rom es zvaraki miiCneoda ara RvTisadmi
Sesawirad, aramed eklesiisadmi da RvTisadmi pativiscemis gamosaxatavad da
ukve gamahmadianebuli samcxe-saaTabagos patriarqs uwodebs. mizezi amisa

iyo is, rom `samociqulo~ qarTuli eklesiis meTauri Tavis samwysod Tvlida
gamahmadianebul qarTvelebsac da iRvwoda maTi dedaeklesiis wiaRSi dabrunebisaTvis.
Senawirad (iseve rogorc, vTqvaT, Senawiri iyo fuli, sanTeli, naWeri da sxv.).
msoflio eklesiisa da am SemTxvevaSi
rusuli praqtikisaTvis ucxo iyo es uZvelesi eklesiis qristianuli gadmonaSTi _ 1748 wels krebamac akrZala. amis
msgavsi sxva magaliTebic aris.
krebis mier gamocemul kanonTa 1eli _ me-6 muxlebi exeba eklesiis mowyobasa da wirva-locvis momzadebis wesrigis dacvas. me-7 _ 16-e muxlebi Seexeba mRvdelTa garegnuli da zneobrivi
saxis dacvas. me-17 _ 19-e muxlebi miTiTebaa episkoposebisadmi saeklesio wesrigis dacvis Sesaxeb, me-20 _ 24-e muxlebi exeba qorwinebis sakiTxebs, 25-e
muxli exeba naTlobis sakiTxs, 26-e
krebis m ier gamocemul k anonebs,

romelTac TavianTi mniSvneloba dResac
ar daukargavs, xels aweren erekle mefe
kaxeTisa da `mmarTveli qarTlisa~, anton kaTalikosi, amba alaverdeli episkoposi, mcxeTeli (samTavroeli) episkoposi da goris mitropoliti, tfileli,
xornabujeli (qiziyeli), ninowmideli,
mroveli, nekres-gremeli, wilkneli,
kawa reli, urbneli , xarg isTval eli,
603
604
iqv e, gv. 803.
233
samTavneli, Werem-qalaqeli episkopose-
va. krebam didi Sroma gaswia im stambis
bi, qvaTaxevis arqimandriti, kaxTa mefis karis winamZRvari, qarTlis mefis
mosaZieblad, romelic vaxtang VI-m Camoa ta ni n a vl a xe Ti d an (1 70 9 ), m a gr am ,
karis winamZRvari, `didi eklesiis~ (albaT, sveticxovlis) ikonomosi, xeli
romelic droTa ganmavlobaSi saqarTvelodan ruseTSi aRmoCnda. gansakuTrebiT

gaisarja kaTalikosi, mas mefec daexma-
moaweres patriarqis moZRvarma da mefis xucesma, kaxTa mefis dekanozma, alaverdis eklesiis dekanozma.
saerTod, 1748 wlis kreba es iyo
r a, s t am b a ga m ar Te s d a d ab e Wd il i
wignebiT àivso qarTlio~, wers mema-
romelic Rrma Seswavlas moiTxovs. es

kreba cdilobda ruis-urbnisisa da Zveli qarTuli krebebis kanonSemoqmedebi-
tiane. aq daibeWda yvela saRvTismetyvelo wigni, garda Tvenisa da sadResaswaulosa. am stambidan gamosul zogierT
wigns saeklesio wirva-locvebis dros
vxmarobdiT Cven XX s-is 70-80-ian wleb-
sa da sisavsis restavracia-aRdgenas,
amasTanave, cdilobda rusul eklesiaSi
Sic. stamba arsebobda 1795 wlamde. vidre sparseTis Sahma aRa-mahmad-xanma ar
samagaliTo, saCvenebeli, didi kreba,
danergili praqtikis gadmoRebasac.

Tedo Jordania am krebis Sesaxeb wers:
`kreba gaixsna anton kaTalikosis palatebSi, damswreTa Soris iyo erekle II,
krebis dros magidaze esvena cxovelmyofeli jvarpatiosani, wmida saxareba
da sjuliskanoni. krebis Sedegs memati an e mo kl ed , ma gr am n aT la d ga dmogvcems, rom `ganarCives da aRmofxvres yovelive uwesod qcevani da daudves
mociqulT da mRvdelmTavarT kanoni
sjuli mtkice da Seuryeveli qristianobisa, romelsa mogiTxrobT wmida kanoni
maTi~... mematiane miuTiTebs agreTve eparqiaTa raodenobasa (15 yofila, 8 qarTlSi
da 7 kaxeTSi) da maTi sazRvrebis dadgenaze, rogorc Cans, Znelbedobis Jams
daqvrivebuli eparqiebi ganaxlda da
krebis mere ar darCa arc erTi, Tavisi
episkoposi rom ar hyoloda. RvTismsaxurebis gaumjobesebisa da sxvadasxva naklovanebaTa aRmofxvrisaTvis brZolaSi
saukeTeso saSualebad miiCnies stambis
gaxsna da saRvTismetyvelo wignebis beWd605
daangria Tbilisis dapyrobis dros.

am krebis erTgvar gagrZelebas warmoadgens meore kreba, romelic kaTalikosma moiwvia mcxeTaSi 1749 wlis dekemberSi, rogorc Cans, kreba moulodne lad Catard a da mo iwv ies is
mRvdelmTavrebi, vinc erekles meuRlis,
dedofal anas dakrZalvas eswrebodnen.
amjerad, Tavyrilobis mizezi iyo is qristianuli wesCveulebani, ramac Tavi iCina dedoflis datirebisa da dasaflavebis dros da Seavso pirveli krebis dadgenilebani. mematiane mokled SeniSnavs:
` i qm n a w m i d a k r eb a da a R mo f x vr e s
qarTlisa qveyanisagan saqme yoveli ujero, wmidaman patriarqman antonim ganmarTna gandrekile ba da winaaRmdegi
sjulisa, tirili da ujero kerpuri
glova yovelive daayenes~. aRniSnul
krebaze gansakuTrebuli yuradReba mieqca
xalxis zne-Cveulebebis ganwmendas, garda
amisa, Zveli qarTuli saeklesio kanonebis Tanaxmad kvlav daaweses didi jarima imaT winaaRmdeg, vinc miRebul wesdebas uaryofda~. 605
T. Jordan ia, àn ton I~, saRvT ismetyv elo kr ebuli, #1, 199 1, gv. 66.
234
`kanonni~ _ 1748 wlis saeklesio krebisa
[sruli teqsti]
[1] saTnoyofiTa RmrTisa yovelTa mbadisaTaQ iqvelgulsmodgina rtoman daviTisaman, RmrTiv-cxebulis Teimuraz mefis Zeman irakli pankrationman, kaxTa
mefeman, ganmgebelman qarTlisaman, xolo TDT vidreme RmrTiTa pinaqsul sjulebTa marTl-meaRsareman aRaxuna gonebis cis naTlis bWeni da wadierebis RrubliTa
Semokribna mwyemsni sityvierTa kravTani mtkicesa Sina qalaqsa tfilisisaQ, saRmrToTa samsjelm-marTebelosa palatsa Sina, yovelTa Txemisa samociqulos eklesiisaTa, Tan-Tnebo-zraxva-jer-CinebiTa yovlad sanatrelsa, TDT misve sadaviTos sqesiTisa mefis Zis antoni patriarqisaTa, sruliad saqarTvelos msajulvelisaTaQ, romelTa saukunomca arian kurTxevani;
vinaQdgan pirvel amaTsa warmarTni mefeni flobdes qarTvelTa, ranTa, kaxTa
da yovlobiTad ersa RmrTisasa da qristes cxovarTa ara avlendes wrfelad
mwvanvilovansa, aramed aZovebdes ekalTa da kurosTavTa zeda; da amaT mizezTa mier
naTlad sja da sjuls-xedva mifarul iyo da umecrebiTa werilisaTa ganryunil
iyo da dakninebul kanuni da wesi eklesiisaQ.
maSin RmrTis msaxurman mefeman, yovlad sanatrelman patriaqman, wmidaTa
mitropolitTa, arqiepiskoposTa, arqimanditTa da mRdelTa sulisa mxurvalebiTa, miiRes pirvelad mtkice brZanebaQ wmidisa saxarebisa da samociqulos kanunisaQ da wmidaTa SvidTa msoflioTa krebaTa, da wamebiTa maTiTa aRavses naklulevaneba eklesiisa, daamtkicnes da dawernes kanuni ese kz Tav-Taveoanad, Tvesa
noenmbersa ig, dResa kviriakesa, qristes aqeT aTas SDdas ormocdarva:
[2]1. uflis qristes sZalsa, eklesiis Sina wmida trapezsa zeda, TDnier saxarebisa, samkveTlosa, odikisa da juaris, nuravin xel-yofs Jamis-wirvad.
2. ityvis wmida ese RmrTiv kreba, raTa aqundes sakurTxevelsa kankels, samni
karni: saSual, imier da amier, romel ese friad jer-ars. da kulad simciris da
iwroebisaTDs eklesiisa, orni oden qmnan karni. xolo erTisa karisa qmnas nuravin
ikadrebs, rameTu ujero ars da uSver saqme ese. xolo kankeli SeZlebisaebr, romlisaca risme qmnan nivTisaQ.
3. odes iqmnes JamTagan daZvelebuli da daglejili wmidaQ odiki, gina damwvari cecxliTa saSual anu kerZo misi, gina gardaufareblad da SiSvlad iyos
wmidaQ trapezi, amaT mizezTa mier wmidaQ msxverplis Sewirva dagviyenebia.
235
4. ama krebisa Semdgomad vamcnebT yovelTa marTlmorwmuneTa qristianeTa:

ukueTu vi nme ineb on gulsm odgineb iT aRSeneba RmrT isa eklesi isa , jer-a rs
maTda, raTa wmidaQ trapezi sakurTxevels saSuals zeda daafuZnon, raTa gare
Semouvliden mRdelni, xolo kedelsa zeda aRkrva wmidis trapezisa ujero ars
da nuravin ikadrebs.
5. vamcnebT episkoposTa sityvierTa cxovarTasa, raTa umecarni werilisani
sadiakonni da samRdeloni, romelTa ara uwyoden wakiTxva keTilad wmidisa saxarebisa, samociqulos ebistolisa, kurTxevnisa da kondakisa, ara miiRon maT zeda
kurTxeva da niWi sulisa wmidisa, romel-ese sruliad gangvigdies, rameTu viTar
egebis umecarTagan msaxureba wmidisa trapezisaQ.
6. Jamsa wmidisa Jamis-wirvisasa, ukeTu oden ara aqvndes mRdelsa sanTeli
aRsanTebelad da sakmeveli kmevad, nu ikadreben wirvad, aramed daecados.
[3] 7. ukeTu oden ipovnen mRdelni eklesiisani, saeriskacoTa mokliTa samosliTa mosilni aRkvarTulad, ganiwvarTnen episkoposisagan, rameTu friad uSvereba ars maTda da Rirs arian kicxevisa.
8. qalaqTa Sina, gina sofelTa Sina, anu simravlesa Sina erisasa ukeTu
oden ipovnen mRdelni samxedroTa saWurveliTa aRWurvilni, vamcnebT uSverebaTa maTTa: anu dadvan saWurveli da maxDli maTi, da ukeTu kula ara isminon,
gardaeyenen mRdelobisa gan.
9. vamcnebT monazonTa memxoloeTa: ukeTu, Tvinier nebisa da Sendobisa TDsis
mamis da winamZRvrisa, gamovides monastriT, yovladve nuravin Seiwynarebs mas,
aramed ganaZon, viTarca urCi WeSmaritisa kanunisaQ da morCilebis damwixneli.
10. xuces-monazonsa, romelsa ara rwmunebul iyos winamZRroba sawinamZRrosa eklesi[i]sa, jer-ars misa, raTa anu Tana-yvebodes episkopos[s]a, anu iyos
monastersa Sina ZmaTa Tana. xolo ukeTu ara, da iqceodes eriskacTa Tana gina
mamulsa da saxlsa Sina iyofebodes, eseviTarisa mis qcva uweso ars da gangebul,
da nuRara ikadrebs.
11. vamcnebT mRdelTa eklesiisaTa: ukeTu inebon moZRvrebad erisa anu aRsarebis Sewynarebad sityvierTa samwysoTa, [jer-ars], raTa pirvelad miiRon brZaneba
da Sendoba Tavisis episkoposisagan, da ukeTu kula ara miiRon Sendoba da brZaneba
episkoposisa nu odes ikadreben moZRvrebad erisa, rameTu uweso aris.
12. ukeTu odesme mivides samRvdeloTagani sxvisa episkoposisa samrevlosa
Sina, TDnier Tana-jer-Cinebisa da Sendobisa mis episkoposisa, nu ikadrebs Jamiswirvad, gina samRvdlosa saidumlosa aRsrulebad. xolo eseca jer-ars misa, raTa
TDsisaca episkoposisa Sendobis wigni aqvndes; egreTve xuces-monazon[n]ica yofden amas.
13. amasca kanons vamcnebT mRdelTa: romelTa enebosT usisxlos msxverplis
Sewirva, raTa miiRon sakurTxevlad sefiskverni xuTni rCeulisa ifqlisani, da
236
ukeTu ar aqvndes. iSviaTad sadme samni miiRon, da amaTs kide nametnavsa da naklebsa
zeda nu ikadreben Jamis-wirvad.
14. xucesni da yovloba samarTlmadideblosa qristeanobisa viTarca uyofdes
pativsa wmidasa trapezsa. egreTve msgavsad pativscemdnen wmidasa embazsa.
15. ukeTu vieTnime mRdelni bralsa, gina risaTDsme mizezisa mRdelobisagan
dayenebul iyvnen, nurvin ikadrebs episkoposTagani micemad misa samRdelosa olarisa,
rameTu arca erTi romelime saidumlo ara aResrulebis mis mier, aramed sruliad
dayenebul ars.
16. romelsaca visme mRdelTagansa eklesia qristesi arwmunebdes, makurTxevelisagan ara jer-ars misa, TDnier didisa Wirisa, raTa daaklos raime saeklesio
wesis aRsruleba locvisa da wmida Jamis-wirvisaQ.
17. ukeTu kula sadme gamoCndes samre[v]losa episkoposisagan kerpTa mier
mopovnebuli saqme grZnebaQ, meqereoba, gina beWis-mxedveloba, anu Tayvanis-cema
xisa, gina sxvis nivTisa, miumcnebT episkoposTa, raTa TviToeulman TDssa samwysosa Sina sruliad aRmoagdon da ganmarglon saqme ese.
18. qristes sZlisa da dedoflis eklesiasa Sina ara wes ars kanun noagobaTa da
tablaTa miReba, gina Sinagan damarxva xilisa, da noagobaTa nivTisa, da Wama mas
Sina, rameTu saxli aris salocveli RmrTisaQ.
19. episkoposi da ufrosad mRdelni ganekrZalnen, raTa wmidasa Sina kDriakesa,
anu sauflosa dResaswaulsa ara daaklden erni misni locvisa da wmidisa Jamisa
wirvisa mosmenad, rameTu yovlad Tanamdeb arian mislvad.
20. vamcnebT episkoposTa, mRdelTa da eklesi[i]s mourneTa, raTa ganekrZalnen
[S]julTa RmrTisa da ara Serion naTesaoba uwesoTa qorwinebiTa, aramed esreT
yofden: iyavn dasabam pirvel mama da misgan raQ gamoekveTnen oTxni erT kerZo da
kulad oTxni erTkerZo, xolo es iqms Tvinier dasabamisa mis, ricxvsa rvasa da
srul iqmnes orsave kerZosa ricxvi rva, _ mexuTe erT kerZosa da mexuTe meorisa
kerZosa _ ese mexuTeni SeiuRvlian urTierTas. da ama mexuTeTa naklebs aravis
ganuCinebT qmnad qorwinebisa.
21. ganvakrZalebT zogad yovelTa marTlmadidebelTa qristeaneTa, raTa aravin
miiyvanos colad, uwesoTa qorwinebiTa, dedakaci gantevebuli qmrisagan, rameTu
cxadad mruSebisa bralsa Sina STaeflDs, viTarca mogDRebies wmidisagan saxarebisa
qristes naTqvami saRmTo brZaneba, viTarmed: romelman gantevebuli SeirTos,
manca imruSao; da amas Tana ewamebian samociqulonica kanuni da erTxmobiT
wmidani SDdni msoflioni krebani da ufrosRa didi basili.
amisTDs Cvenca erTxmobiT Tana-miuxmaebT da davamtkicebT Tqmulsa maTsa,
raTa romelTaca esxnen usjulod Seyofilni, qmrisagan gantevebulni, memruSeni
dedakacni, myis daixsnas da dairRDos uweso da usjulo qorwineba maTi, da am-
237
ieridgan aravis Hel-ewifos qmnad eseviTarisa cTomilis bWobisa, xolo eseviTarni memruSeTa Tana gardaisebian ( sic) kanunsa da uZDressaca, rameTu cxad ars
brali codvisa maTisa.
22. xolo ukeTu enebos visme qorwineba wignis mkiTxvelsa mgalobelsa [da]
aRslva xarisxsa mRdelobisasa, pirvel kerZo diakonad kurTxevisa miiyvanos colad qalwuli, viTar aTormetisa wlisa, gina aTsametisa da qorwinebis ziarebiTa
akurTxos mRdelman SeerTxorcva maTi, da Semdgomad SeerTebisa aRvides xarisxsa
kerZo diaknobisasa, da merme mRdelobisasa.
xolo ukeTu ara yon esreT, aramed iqorwinon qalisa Tana uasakosa, gina
Cvilisa, da xelTdasxmul iqmnen diakvnad da xucad da maSinRa gaxrwnan colni
maTni, romel-ese sruliad ugulisxmoebisa saqme ars da gansagdebel da dayenebul
Cven yovelTa mier.
23. meoTxes da mexuTes, gina uwesosa mraval qorwinebas sruliad aRfxuris da
ganaZebs eklesi[i]T msoflio ese RmrTiv kreba.
24. eseca dayenebul ars Cven yovelTa mier, raTa amieridgan arRara eqorwinos
marTlmadidebeli kaci mwvalebelsa, gina sxva sarwmunoebiansa dedakacsa, gina
marTlmadidebeli dedakaci mwvalebels mamakacs, rameTu ara jer-ars erTisa baksa
Sina slva cxvrisa da mglisaQ.
25. nu odes nuca aRiqmen Svilsa mwvalebelTasa naTlisRebisa mier marTlmadidebelni, da nuca svinad daiyeneben mwvalebelsa marTlmorwmuneni.
ukeTu kula ara Tavs idvan esreT, wmidisa ziarebisgan ganiyenebian, ara naTlad
slvisa Semwynarebelni igi.
26. amasca vikadrebT RmrTismsaxurebisa TqvenisaTDs, keTilmorwmuneno mefeno:
raTa saepiskoposni eklesiaTa agarakni da dabani, anu sa[a]rqimandritoTa da
winamZRvarTa monasterTani eriskacTa ar Hel-ewifebodes damZlavrebad, mamulad
TDsad mitaceba da damkDdreba. amas wmindaQ ese kreba rjul-gidebT, gevedrebiT da
gamcnebT eseviTarisa ganyenebisa erisagan.
27. sruliad ganCinebiTa ganagdebs saRmrTo kreba amas, raTa amieriTgan aravin
ikadros Seyvaneba zvarakisa, gina cxvrisa, anu sxvisa pirutyvisa karisbWesa Sina
eklesiisasa da daklva mas Sina, gina sisxlis cxeba karTa da zRurblTa eklesiisaTa, rameTu kerpmsaxurTa ars saqme ese da ara wes-ars qristeaneTaQ.
ukeTu kula vinme gamoCndes eseviTarisa cdomilisa saqmisa moqmedi, vamcnebT
episkoposTa, raTa ganaZon eklesiiT, viTarca Seuracxis-myofeli qristes SjulisaQ.
[xelrTvebi] 1. erakle, wyalobiTa RmrTisaTa, RmrTis msaxurman mefeman kaxTaman da mmarTvelman qarTlisaman, Zeman mefis Teimurazisaman warvwe[ren].
2. antoni, wyalobiTa RmrTisaTa, uRirsman kaTalikozman didisa sameufo sa qalaqi s mcxeTi s, qarTli s, kaxeT is, sa mcxe-sa[a ]Ta bagosa da yovlis
238
q vemo sa qa rTv elo sa da a Rm o sa vleTi sa sa pa tri arqo sam an ga nv sazRuren da

wa rvsweren. antoni.
3. nikoloz uRirsman amba alaverdelman ganvsazRuren da warvsweren. nikoloz.
4. arseni, uRirsman mTavarepiskoposman samTavrosa da goris samitrapolitosaman ganvsazRuren da warvsweren. arseni.
5. aTanasi, uRirsman episkoposman axlis sameufosa qalaqisa tfilisisa samitrapolitosaman ganvsazRuren da wavsweren. aTanasi.
6. onofri, uRirsman episkoposman xornabujis da sruliad qiziyis samitrapolitosaman ganvsazRuren da warvsweren. onofri.
7. saba, uRirsman episkoposman ninowmidisaman ganvsazRvren da warvsweren. saba.
8. ioseb, uRirsman episkoposman ruisisa da sruliad qarTlisaman ganvsazRuren
da warvsweren. ioseb.
9. ioane, uRirsman episkoposman nekres-qalaqisa da qalaqis gremisaman da
arqimandritman garejis didis lavrisaman ganvsazRuren da warvsweren. ioane.
10. qristefore, uRirsman episkopozman wilknisaman warvsweren. qristefore.
11. ioane, uRirsman episkopozman kawarisaman ganvsazRuren da warvsweren. ioane.
12. filipe, uRirsman episkoposman urbnisisaman warvsweren. filipe.
13. zosime, uRirsman episkoposman xargiTvalisaman da moZRvarT-moZRvarman warvsweren.
14. benediqte, uRirsman episkoposman samTavisisaman warvswren. benediqte.
15. daniel, uRirsman episkoposman Werem-qalaqisaman warvsweren. daniel.
16. ioane, uRirsman arqimandritman upirvelesisa monastrisa qvabTa-xevisa
vlaqernisa RmrTismSoblisaman warvsweren.
17. ambakom, uRirsmman winamZRvarman kaxTa mefis karisaman warvsweren.
18. ioseb, uRirsman winamZRvarman qarTvelTa mefisa karisaman warvsweren.
19. ioane, uRirsman didis eklesiis ikonomosman warvsweren.
20. zaqaria, uRirsman xucesman mefeTa da patriarqis moZRvarman warvsweren.
21. gabriel, uRirsman kaxTa mefisa dekanozman, mefeTa moZRvarman warvswere.
22. abram, uRirsman dekanozman alaverdisa eklesiisaman warvswere. 60 6
606
239
imereTis saeklesio kreba (1759)

imereTis mefe 1752-1784 wlebSi so-
krebam ineba aRdgeniliyo saquTaTelo
lomon I, `didis~ saxeliT moixsenieba

STamomavalTa mier, man ganamtkica same-
kaTedra, anu quTaisis eparqia da aRdgenil kaTedraze ganaCines quTaTeli
fo xelisufleba, TiTqmis gaaerTiana

dasavleTi saqarTvelo, mospo tyveebiT
vaWroba. 1760-63 wlebSi samjer daamarcxa osmalebi, 1779 wels ruxis omSi
sZlia osmalebs, magram 1784 wels qvemo
gur iaSi dam arcx da, rama c es mxa re
gaamahmadiana, asi wlis Semdeg ruseTis
imperiasTan SemoerTebul am kuTxeSi
aWareli begebi mmarTvelobdnen.
qarTuli eklesia gansakuTrebiT uWerda mxars qveynisa da erisaTvis Tavdadebuli mefis moRvaweobas, mefec grZnobda eklesiis Zalas, amitomac xelsayreli drois dadgomisTanave solomon I-ma,
episkoposi. quTaisis eparqias gadaeca misi

yofili Zveli mamuli, romelsac igi adre
flobda da eriskacebs hqondaT mitacebuli. cxadia, saepiskoposos aRdgena
ekonomikuri safuZvlebis gareSe _ formaloba iqneboda. mefes da qveyanas esaWiroeboda moqmedi da Zlieri eklesia.
rogorc S. burjanaZe aRniSnavs, eklesia, tradiciulad, mefis xelisuflebis
ganmtkicebas uwyobda xels, saxelmwifos aZlevda mebrZolebs. 607 krebam saqmeebis mowesrigebisaTvis ineba da:
1. eriskacTagan mitacebuli yma-mamulebi daumtkica eklesias;
1759 wels, moiwvia didi da gansakuTrebuli saeklesio kreba. krebam saeklesio

da zneobriv reformebs daudo safuZve-
2. saeklesio ymebi gaaTavisufla zedmeti gadasaxadebisagan da daakanona saeklesio gadasaxadebi;
li dasavleT saqarTveloSi. qristianobasa

da qveyanas gansakuTrebiT asustebda tyveTa syidva da saepiskoposo kaTedraTa
gauqmeba. Turqebs quTaisSi 120-wliani
batonobis dros daungreviaT saepiskoposo (bagratis) taZari da gauuqmebiaT
quTaTelis saepiskoposo kaTedra. amitomac, 1759 wlis saeklesio krebis 4 de-
3. er iska cebs auk rZal a ek lesi is

sameurneo saqmianobaSi Careva;
4. saeklesio Tanamdebobebze miiwvia
Rirseuli pirebi, uRirsni ki gadaayena;
5. Seamko da aago eklesia-monastrebi.608
aRsaniSnavia, rom maleve amis Semdeg mefe solomons unebebia saerTod
gaeTavisuflebina eklesia saxelmwifo
kembris sxdomaze solomon mefes aRuniSnavs, rom quTaisis eklesia `xelT egdo
mZvinvares agarians da mizeziTa amiT
gadasaxadebisagan, kerZod, mefes 1761

wels mouwvevia morigi saeklesio kreba, romelsac daudgenia saeklesio yme-
saquTaTlo mamuli da samrevlo mimobneuliyo, da romelime daSTomiliyo,

saerod gamxdariyo da quTaTeli aRar
ijda~. mefis am moxsenebis Sesabamisad,
bis yovelgvari samefo gadasaxadebisagan gaTavisufleba, agreTve saxelmwifo

samsaxurisagan gaTavisufleba, garda
laSqroba-nadirobisa. 60 9
S. burjanaZe, so lomon I-is mef obis p irveli periodi, Tsu Sromebi, t. 41, 1950 , gv. 7 1; 608 m.
rexv iaSvil i, imer eTi XVIII saukuneSi, 1982, gv, 65; 609 s. kakabaZe, saeklesio refor mebisaTvis
solo mon I-is dro s, 1914, gv. 5.
607
240
rogorc aRiniSna, 1759 wlis kreba
gansakuTrebuli mniSvnelobisa iyo, mas
quTaTelis garda, xonis saepiskoposo
kaTedrac aRudgenia, 6 10 magram krebam
saxeli gaiTqva tyveTa syidvis gadaWriTi akrZalviT.
solomon mefes mouxerxebia da saeklesio krebaze Semoukrebia samegrelosa
da guriis mTavrebi (dadiani da gurieli), TavianTi batoniSvilebiTa da TavadaznaurobiT, aq iyvnen imereTis batoniSvilebi da Tavadaznauroba da, cxadia,
m ef e, k aT al ik os i, m Te li d as av le T
saqarTvelos maRali samRvdeloeba. kreba mTel Tves (dekemberSi) gagrZelebula. saeklesio krebis meore sxdoma 5
dekembers Catarebula saero xelisuflebis monawileobiT. q. CxataraiSvils es
saeklesio kreba imavdroulad Catarebul saxelmwifo darbazis sxdomad miaCnia. am sxdomaze imereTis, samegrelosa da guriis saero da sasuliero
gamgeblebma imereTis mefis morCilebisa
da `tyveTa syidvis~ akrZalvis piroba
dades. 608 saeklesio krebam tyvis gamyidvelni SeaCvena, saero xelisufleba ki
maT sikvdiliT dasjiT daemuqra. krebis
dadgenilebaSi naTqvami iyo: àxalcixis
faSam aseTi saSineli da sazareli sityva SemogviTvala... tyves Tu ar gayidiT, ar iqnebao... RvTis SuamdgomlobiT,
rom sanamdis suli gvedgas, es saqme
Cvengan ar iqnes... am saqmeze Cveni Tavi
ar daviSuroT~. 611
`1759 wlis krebis dadgenilebebma
dasabami misca axal periods dasavleT
saqarTvelos politikursa da socialur-ekonomikur cxovrebaSi. 612 eklesias
krebis Semdeg aRudgenia saxelmwifoze
mZlavri zemoqmedebis funqcia. 612 krebam
sagangebo dadgenilebiT daadastura àfxaz-imerTa~ kaTalikosis uflebebi mis
kuTvnil 42 mamulze. 613
n. berZeniSvili am krebasTan dakavSirebiT wers: `XVIII s-is meore naxevarSi axalcixis faSam araerTgzis SemouTvala imereTis mefe solomons, raTa
tyvis syidva imereTSi Zveleburad nebadarTuli yofiliyo. solomonma es moTxovna ar Seasrula da tyvis syidva saero
da saeklesio sasjeliT sastikad akrZala... 1759 wlis dekemberSi solomonma
Semokriba `samRvdeloni dasni da marTlmadidebelni erni~ da lixT-imereTis
saeklesio da saero feodalebis sagangebo
kreba moiwvia. masSi monawileobda mefe,
kaTalikosi da mTeli lixT-imereTis
maRali samRvdeloeba, imereTis, odiSis,
guriis Tavadaznauroba. krebam ganixila
saeklesio saqmeTa mowesrigebis sakiTxi,
akrZala tyvis syidva, krebam miiRo gadawyvetileba sakaTalikoso eklesiisaTvis
mitacebuli yma-mamulebis dabrunebisa,
gauqmebuli saepiskoposo kaTedrebis da
monastrebis aRdgena-ganaxlebis, maTi ymamamulebis ukan dabrunebisa, gadasaxadebisagan saeklesio ymebis ganTavisuflebisa da saeklesio mflobelobaSi
saero xelisuflebis Caurevlobisa~. 614
s. kakabaZe, sae klesio reformebisaTv is sol omon I-is dro s, 1914 , gv. 7; 611 Frns^ Cj,hfyyst
Rfdr fpcrjq fh[tjkjubxtcr jq rjvbccbtq^ 1866^ n& I^ c& 56$ 612 saq arTvel os isto riis n arkveve bi, t. IV,
gv. 641; 613 s. kakabaZe, dasavleT saqarT velos s aekles io sab uTebi, II, gv . 11-12; 614 n. b erZeniSv ili,
saqarTvelo s istor iis sak iTxebi, t. VI, gv. 412.
610
241
`xeliTwerili~ _ imereTis saeklesio krebisa

(1759 w. 30.XII)
[nawili aRdgenili teqstisa]

q. ese mtkice, Seucvalebeli da dReTa cxovrebisa CvenisaTa aRsrulebis
xeliT werili, msajulisa mis mxsnelisa Cvenisa iesos qristes win misatani wigni
da piroba mogarTviT TavaT dausabamos samebiT didebuls RmerTs, cxovels myofels Zels, xsnisa Cvenisa Suamdgomels maradis qalwuls mariams, winamorbeds,
naTlis mcemels iovanes, angelozTa da mTavarangelozTa, winaswarmetyvelTa da
mociqulTa, mRudelT moZRvarTa da mowameTa, mamaTa da mamamTavarTa, RirsTa da
qalwulTa da yovelTa RuTisa saTno yofilTa, zecisaTa da qveyanisaTa SvidTa
krebaTa, oTxTa patriarxTa SuamdgomlobiTa da Cvens mwyems mTavris, yovlad
sanatrelis ufalis kaTalikozis besarionis damtkicebiT, Wyondidel mitropolitis gabrielis, genaTelis iosebis, Semoqmedelis nikolozis... cagarelis
grigolis, mTavarepiskopozis iosebis, nikorwmindelis germanes, mitropolitis
daskalis (didaskalioQ) danielis, xinowmidelis maqsimes, mitropolitis bedielis maqsimes da yovelTa imerTa, odiSarTa, gurielTa, samRvdelo, samonazno
mwyobrTa RmerTsa da yovelTa saRmTo dasTa SvilobiT mogarTvi Sen, mefe solomon, me dadianma kaciam, me gurielma mamiam, batoniSvilma giorgim, batoniSvilma Teimuraz, erisTavma rostom, dadianis Ze manuCar, nikoloz, giorgim,
gurielis Zem giorgim, wulukiZem, erTobiT wereTelman, erTobiT miqelaZem, erTobiT abaSiZem, erTobiT niJaraZem, agiasSvilman, iasSvilman, lorTqifaniZem,
mxeiZem, RoRoberiZem, maWavarianman, mesxman, avalian, ioselianman da giorgi
Ciquanman, erTobiT imerman didman da mcireman, odiSarT, leCxumT, CiCuam, faRavam, axledian, asaTian, afaqiZe, mxeiZem da Ciquanman, dgebuaZe, CijavaZe, jaian,
qoCaqiZe, miqaZe, joliam, Selia, qarTvelisSvil, sajaiam da erTobiT odiSarman
didman da mcireman, gurielT, erisTav, maWutaZe, nakaSiZem da malvaSvilebma,
erTobiT Jordania, gegenava da erTobiT naseliSvilma, gurielman didman da mcireman, ese im soflis msajulisa winaSe misatani da am sofels yovelTa marTlmadidebelT saxilveli wigni mogarTviT: ase, rom axalcixis faSam aseTi saSineli da
sazarveli sityva SemogviTvala, rom adamis tomsa arc pirvel smenia da arc
Semdgomad ismineba, amisTana saSineli sasmenelad sazaro sityva: tyves Tu ar
gayidiT ar iqnebao. axla amaze ase erTpirobiT dagvimtkicebia RvTis SuamdgomlobiT, rom sanamdis suli gvedgas ar iqnes, arc amaSid erTmaneTs usustoT,
242
vidrec erTmaneTs miudgeT kidec mefe solomonis morCili da brZanebis aRmasrulebeli viqneTY da gulis wmidiT erTmaneTs moudgeT amaze da aras Sewuxebisa da
gaWirvebisaTvis Cven erTmaneTs ar umtyunoT, da am saqmezed Cveni Tavi ar daviSuroT da am saqmeSid Cven xelmwifes mefe solomons ar usustoT da arc amisTana
saSineli codva Cvengan iqnes ase piroba da sityva mogvirTmevia RvTisa da kacisaTvis. aw vinc da ramac Zeman kacisaman es SeSalos didman an mcireman, isemc
SeiZlebis sjulisagan usjulosa mecnierebisagan, masmca risxavs Tavad dausabamo
RmerTi da yovelni amaT zemo werilni wmidani zecisani da qveyanisani xorcielni
da uxorconi masca edebis keTri gezisa, SiSTvili iudasi, Zrwola kaenisa, mextexiloba deoskoresi da maT zemowerilTa madlTagan SeCvenebuli viyoT Tu es SevSaloT
da amaSid SeZlebisaebr ar mivudgeT SeCvenilni viyoT, suliT da xorciT aw da
ukunisamde SvidTa krebaTagan da yovelTa eklesiaTagan, xolo damamtkicebeli
amisi kurTxeul iyos suliT da xorciT aw da ukunisamde amin. me arqimandrits
silibistros damiweria yovelTa mowmobiT da erTxmobiT brZanebuli ese qristes
aqeT CRnT qristes Sobis Tves l dResa e : aw amis damtkicebis muSaki kaTalikozi
besarion da misi krebuli erTobiT amas vamtkicebT, rom ramanc xelmwifem an
dedofalman an Tavadman an aznaurman didman an mcireman am sarwmunoebazed vinc
mokdes an am sarwmunoebis mimdegi da mefis erTgulebiT Tavisi dRiT mokdes maSinc
da usamarTloT mis Svili da momavali gaRaribos da wasaxdenaT moindomos
usamarTloT amaTSi werilTagan SeCvenebuli iyos suliT da xorciT amin. aw
ramanc Zeman kacisaman amaT Sina werili moSalos da mefes usustos an am xeliT
werils gardaxdes da usjuloeba qmnas da erTmaneTs ar miudges, vinc imas miudges
am momxmareT da SemweT eqmnes an Seiwynaros, an uwiros da _ lels an mokvdes da
miwa aRirsos, SeCvenebul iyos suliT da xorciT ganuxrwnelad am sofels mowyvediT da im sofels iudasTan krulebiT, vinc es aR(as)rulos da daamtkicos
saukunomca arc xseneba misi suliT da xorciT aw da ukunisamde amin, mamSleli
wyeul, damamtkicebeli kurTxeul amin. 61 5
qro nikebi Sekreb ili T. Jordanias mier, III, 1967 , gv. 262-264 , kreb is gan Cineba aRdgen ilia
Cve ns mier.
615
243
1762, 1768, 1793 wlis krebaTa dadgenilebani saepiskoposoTa marTvis

Sesaxeb, mcnebani, episkoposTa da mRvdelTa mimarT
mas Semdeg, rac XVIII s-is meore
naxevarSi aRdga qarTul-erovnuli saxelmwifoebrioba samefo taxtze qristian
kvlav daibrunes mahmadianTa mmarTvelobis dros dakninebuli uflebani da gamosces Sesabamisi zneobrivi saxis dad-
mefeTa asvlis Semdeg, saeklesio krebebma
genilebani:
a. [dadgenileba saeklesio krebisa saepiskoposoTa marTvis Sesaxeb]

[1762 w. 20 dekemberi]
welsa qristes aqaT CRQb, qristeSobis k.
q. wmidaTa da yovlad samRudeloTa episkoposTa esreT euwyosT, romelnica CvenTan - wmidas patriarq Tan da RirsTa Tqven ep iskoposebT an kreba Si
piroba daidva.
pirveli ese, rom : episkoposman Tavis samwysoSi uaRsarebo aravin daagdos.
meored, ese : sauflos dResaswauls da kviras wirvis mousmenlad nuravis gauSvebT da uqme dRisa yadaRa uyoT, rom kargad daicvan da aravin gatexos.
mesamed: Tu wmidaT episkoposT TqvenTa samwysoTa Sina urCi vinme gyvandesT,
Cven mogvaxsenoT; da egeviTarTa Cven davsjiT.
meoTxed: xucesTa yadaRa uyoT, romelic wmidas mRudelobas ar ekadrebodes,
isre ar moiqcnen SesamosliTa Tu tanisamosiTa; da nurc TavianT samwysoSi
usamarTlozed miuSveben xucebsa.
mexuTed: wmidas eklesiaSi an daZvelebuli ram iyos, an damwvari, an wamxdari,
_ unda ganswmidoT, galesoT, ganaaxloT da wmidad SeinaxoT wmida eklesia; da
ukadrisad nuravis aCvenebT wmidas eklesiasa. agreTve Tu gaSavebuli ram iyos, unda
galeson da gaaTeTron.
meeqvsed: wmidas trapezzed Casacmeli unda yuTnisa iyos; da Tu ukeTesi ram
aris, isi sjobs. da Tu ara, suraTis CiTi unda iyos; da amas garda sxva aRara
iqneba ra. romelic wmida trapezi kedelzed iyos mikruli, Camoafaron; da romelnica saSual sakurTxevelisa iyos, Caacvan.
meSvided: xisa da an Tu gatexili ram iyos, wmidad barZimad anu feSxumad nu
iyofin da numca saxeledebin.
244
merved: Tu visme samRudeloTagansa siberiTa Tu sxvisa romlisame mizeziTa

wmidis trapezis msaxureba da wirva aRar SeeZlos, Tavisman episkoposman ganagoT
misi. da Tu Tqven ver usajoT, wmidas patriarqs moaxsenoT da sxvaT episkopozT;
igini saqmes gangimarTaven, erTs gzas mogcemen da ganuweseben rasme.
mecxred: Tu samRudelod wvrTili vinme ar iyos, uswavleli da ucodinari nu
vin mouxdebin mRudelobad da kurTxevad, rom aRsarebis Tqmevineba ar SeeZlos; da
an wmidas trapezzed idges da wmidas saxarebaSi tyuilebs ambobdes.
meaTed : romelic rom Cven ver movigoneT, episkoposT marTebsT maradis
mRviZare yofad.
meaTerTmeted: wmidaT episkoposT TaveTs ersa da samwysosa wmidas eklesiaSi
Seslva, dgoma da pirs jvaris dawera aswavlon.
irakli mefisagan da yovlisa saqarTvelosa kaTalikoz-patriarqisa iosebisagan esreT siyvaruliT euwyos miss siwmides yovlad samRdelos arqiepiskoposs amba
alaverdels zenons, wmidasa da yovlad samRudelos nekresel episkoposs dosiTeoss da wmidasa da yovlad samRudelos samebel episkoposs ioanes.
Jamsa rodesac krebaSi saqarTveloT wmidaT episkoposT mouwodeT, maSin esreT
gamorCeviT da pirobiT aRvTqviT, romelic zemore siiT aRwerila, rom RmrTis
nebiT, yo[v]els saepiskoposoebSi esreT ganegos yovlad samRudeloT episkoposTagan. da imav krebaSic esreT ganisaja, rom Cvengan esreTiTa aRweriliTa Tqven
- yovlad samRudeloTa gauwyoT.
da aha, gviuwyebies Tqvenis siwmidisaTvis Jamadme, uflisa qristes aRdgomamdis, rom es unakluloT aRasruloT da aRasrulebinoTca, Tvarem icodes Tqvenma
siwmidem, Cveni kaci Camoivlis im Jamzed da romelsac xucess esreT ar gaumarTavs
Tavisi samwyso da Tavisi Tavic, imasac samarTliT ganvsjiT da Tqvenc dagemdurebiT.
romelnic am saepiskoposoSi an Tavadni brZandebiT, an sabatios kacis Svilni,
an aznauriSvilni xarT, da an moxeleni - es rom mogviweria, amazed mRviZare unda
iyvneT da Tqvenni morCilnic ganaRviZoT. da wmidis eklesiis samsaxurzed da rac
mogviweria amaebzed, gafrTxilebulni iyvneT da Tqveni morCilni kacnic amyofoT.
da romelic episkoposman da mRudelman gamcnosT, imazeda daadgreT da daayenoT: Semwe eqmeniT episkopossa da mRudelsa am saqmezed; Cvens ukan rom Tqveni vali
gaqvsT da rom unda Semwe eqmnneT, amisTvis gvicnobebia.
beWedi: me fexTganbanilTa mier eklesia vadide erekle Cven, yovlisa saqarTvelos kaTalikoz-patriarxi ioseb warvwerT.
mi na weri: ioseb kaTalikozisagan episkoposTa mimarT miwerili, Tqveni samwysoni ase daarigeTo. 61 6
616
qar Tuli s amarTlis Zegle bi, III, 1970 , gv. 848.
245
b. [mcneba mRudelTaTvis]
[1768]
episkoposTa mimarT maTi umaRlesoba da ukeTilmsaxuresoba mefe irakli
da maTi uwmindesoba da unetaresoba patriarxi mefis Ze antoni
esreT ganvasazRvrebT, vamcnebT, movaxsenebT, da ubrZanebT yovelTa saqarTveloQsa mRudelTmTavarTa da mwyemsTa WeSmaritTa, esreT:
1. episkoposni miiyuandnen Tavisis samwysosa mRudelTa, dadgenilTa, gina
axlad dasadgenTa, da keTilad ganixilviden maTsa cxovrebasa da mecnierebasa,
ukeTu SemZlebel iyvnen swavlad da swavlul iyvnen SvidTa amaT saidumloTa
WeSmaritad aRsrulebad.
Svidni saidumloni wmidisa aRmosavleTisa ekklesiisani eseni arian :
a. naTlva, b. cxeba mironisa, g. saRmrTo wirva, d. mRudlis kurTxeva da
micualebulis wesT-ageba da damarxua, e. aRsarebis Tqmevineba, v. patiosani qorwineba, z. zeTis kurTxeva.
amaTi srulebiT aRsruleba Tu SeeZlosT, keTil da kurTxeviT miabaron eklesia da
samwyso qristesi, da waravlinon gankrZalviT mRudelobad, locviT da kurTxeviT.
2. da romelTaca ar SeeZlosT am saidumloebisa aRsrulebad, ubrZanon: an
TviTon Tavis ekklesiaSi miiyvanon is mRudeli episkoposTa, an romelsame monasterSi miabaron mecnierTa da egoden guls-modgined ecadnen, rom iswaon. da
vinemdis iswavliden, episkoposma im samwysos sxva mRudeli ganuCinos.
ukeTu iswaos am saidumloebis aRsruleba, merme samwysoc miabaros da imRudel-moqmedos.
Tu ar inebos da verc iswavlos, samwyso CamoarTvan. TviTan saca undes,
warvides. sxva mRudel-moqmedebas nuras ikadrebs, Tvinier wirvisa, sadac enebos
wiros Tvinier sxvaTa mRudel-moqmedebaTa Sendoba aqvs, moZRvrisa Tvisisa wamebiTa.
3. romelTaca ekklesiisaganTa, samRudelod ganwesebadTasa, saekklesio wignni, romelnic damWirno arian, romel amaebis ucodnelad mRudeloba ara jer-ars:
daviTi, Jamnoba srulad, saxareba, samociqulo, paraklitoni, kurTxevani da
kondaki _ eseni Tu icoden kargad, akurTxen.
da eseni Tu ar icoden srulad, ganvakrZalebT episkoposTa: eseviTarTa nu
akurTxeben.
4. da romelnic episkoposni eseviTarTa umecarTa akurTxeben, uwyoden: makurTxevlica da kurTxeulica Zlierad imxilebian.
246
5. episkoposni mRudelT - amcnebden, rom TavTavis samwysoT, eriskacTa gina

qalTa, pirjvaris daweras aswavebdnen marTlad. da romelTac aRsarebis Tqma
SeeZlos, uaRsarebod nu daayeneben Svidis weliwadisas. da yovels suls wmidao
RmerTs Tavisis muxlebiT, da mamao Cuenos, miwyales. da mrwams zepiriT
Tqmas aswavliden da marTlmadideblobis sarwmuno[e]bis aRmsareblobasa WeSmaritsa.
6. da romelTac ar iswaon da udeb iqmnen, mRudeli nuRar umRudlobs; da
episkoposs Seasminos da episkoposmac sitkboebiT swrTvnas; da SiSiTaca ecadnen,
rom aswavlon. Tavis nebazed nurvis Tavis samwysos nu miuSueben, nurc episkoposni
da nurc mRudelni.
7. sofelSi, romelic Tavi da pirveli da upatiosnesi ekklesia iyos, ganwmedilni hqondesT da dagvili, da kedelni, sarkmelni, yureni gareT da SinaT _
mowmedilni; siwmidis iaraRi da wmida sakurTxeveli da trapezi _ uzeSTaesad
patiosnad, trapezi _ Semosili; siwmidis samsaxurebeli: barZimi, feSxumi, kovzi da
kamara _ an vecxlisa an kalisa, sxvas nivTisa ar imsaxureba; pereqlebi da dafarna
_ farCisa, wmida da uCirqo; trapezi _ Semosili, raoden Zal-eduas uCirqos
samosliTa; odiki _ axali, kargi da uCirqo, da am odiks sudari hqondes uCirqo,
rom Sig Sexvevdes.
8. mRudlis Sesamoselic, risac SemZlebel iyos, uCirqo da daukerebeli.
dabebkili da Cirqiani ar ikadros msaxurebad; wmida wmidaTasa zeda sefiskueri _
rCeuli da zedaSe _ ferovani, wmida, uWango da uprkeo, sunisa da gemosi arasi
sxvisa mqonebeli; kretsabmeli _ uCirqo da gasworebuli.
9. agreve wignni : daviTi, Jamni, paraklitoni, Tormetis sauflos sadResaswaulo aTormetebi, dResaswaulisa da vnebisa, saxareba, samociqulo, kurTxevani da
kondaki, eseni unda hqondes.
10. sadac SeeZlos, brwyinuales kars karebi Seasxan da ise imRudelon, da
swirevden, da samwysoc amisTanas mRudelTa da ekklesiaT hqondesT, sxvaTi ar
iqneba, arc vbrZanebT.
11. da ragvaradac episkoposTaTvis gvimcnia, egreT mRudelT amcnon da ganakrZalon, Torem episkoposnic kanons queS iqnebian da mRudelTac samwysoze xeli aiRon.
12. Tu sxva saydaric iyos im sofelSi an siaxloes eris salocavad dResaswauli sadme icoden, da im ekklesias es ganwyobileba da samsaxurebeli ar hqondes,
romlisac samwysosi iyos, im mRudelma am samudamos ekklesi[i]s samsaxurebeli
wariRos yovliferi, da imiTi Seamkos is ekklesia, da ise wiros, da iqav moitanos.
13. Cuen vgonebT, rom yovelTa uwyiT, garna amisi umecreba aravin qmnas, rom
im dRis msaxurebeli siwmidis samsaxurebeli WurWelni, gina Sesamoseli da odiki,
Tvinier wignisa, olarisa da sacecxluris meti, im dRes meored ixmaros. _
sasikvdined scodavs da ganipatiJos didad episkoposisagan.
247
14. amasac asre gamcnebT: erTs ekklesiaSi jer-ars, raTa wmidani xatni esvenen:
erTi jvarcmisa, erTi TviT macxovrisa, erTi yovlad wmidisa da erTi im ekklesiis wmidisa, romlisac saxelzed aRSenebuli aris is ekklesia da erTi saxiani
jvaric wirvazed trapezzed unda idvas. umisod wmida wirva diaR Znelad iqnebis.
15. da episkoposni amas ganakrZalebdeT mRudelTa: saydars Tu xatsa Tofi
hqondes usjuloTa kacTagan nasroli, an xlmiT gina daniT nabrZvili hqondes da
SeSlili iyos dakortnili, da raoden SemZlebel iyunen _ ganaaxlon, an axalni
daaxatvinon. da Tu miZuelebulni da mifarlebulni _ kargad ganswmedden, da egreT
daisuenon da Tayuaniscemden.
16. amasac esreT vamcnebT da ganvakrZalebT, mRudelTa da episkoposTa mogaxsenebT, rom ganixilvideT: numca vin mRvdeli nu ikadrebs sasmlisa da saWmlis
daWarbebasa da uZRebad smasa da Wamasa.
17. ukueTu vinme es mcneba ar daimarxos, episkoposman amxilos, da kualadaca
ar SeiSinos, ganikueTos, samwysoc CamoerTvas; amisTvis, rameTu ara jer-ars
uZRebTa da memTrvaleTa mRudelobad.
18. da aw naTlis-RebisaTvis esreT gamcnebT: ymawvils rodesac undodes,
monaTlevdes. magram Tu daWireba ar iyos, Jamisad monaTlos. da Tu wirvamdis
monaTlos, aziaros. da Tu wirvas mermeT _ im dRes nu aziarebs, Tu didaT ar
uWirdes, da meores an mesames dRes aziaros wirvazed.
19. Tu vin icis, mRudels romlisame mizeziT goneba xelad ar hqondes an
uZlurebiT, an saWmlis da sasmlis wyeniT riTme, sanamdis gonebad ar movides, nu
ikadrebs am saidumlos aRsrulebasa da nu naTel-scems.
20. Tu daWireba iyos, da ymawvilisa da im mosanaTlavis sikvdilis SiSi
iyos, da arc sxua mRudeli iSoebodes siaxloes, didis sifrTxiliT maSin naTel-sces im mRudelma.
da Tu momakvdavi iyos, kidec aziaros, diaR, didis sifrTxiliT da krZalviT
Seaxos xeli wmida-wmidaTasa, da moZRvarsac aRuaros, da episkoposisaganac Sendoba miiRos.
21. amad vafrTxilebT mRudelTa da vakrZalebT: nuraodes nu daiTrobian,
Torem mRudeloba CamoerTmevaT WeSmaritad.
22. romelnic an misanni an mwamvlelni arian, siyvarulisa, gina siZulilis
wamlis moqmedni, anu maTni meZiebelni da mimyolni, gina meqereobisa da melobiobisa mkiTxvelni da maTni mrwmunebelni, unda Seinanon.
23. da dReis iqiT Tu vinme ikadros, icoden romel maTTa episkoposTa samRudelos msjavriT ganpatiJon. da mRudels nuRar miscemen, nurc qristianed-Ra
saxel-sdeben, nurc ekklesiasSi SeuSveben da nurc saflavs aRirseben.
248
da merme maTis simaRlis mefis samSjavroSi moiyvanon da vgonebT, rom maTis

keTilmorwmuneobis msjavrma sikuidiladca dasajos, rom maTzec ars samarTali
ese mipyrobili.
da romeli maTni morwmuneni da Semwynarebelni iqmnebian, isini xorcielad
jarimiT ganipatiJebian da sulierad mRudeli aRar miecemaT.
24. egreTve romelic xeTa da ZelTa, gina saddme niSTa da ZeglTa, da adgilTa
raTme uekklesioTa Tayvani-scemen, maTac ase es sasjeli miecemaT, viTar-igi
misanTa da mwamvlelTa.
25. episkoposma saca an xe, an Zeli, an niSi da Zeglni da uekklesiod amgvarebi
naxos, ZiriTurT aRmofxvras, da sawvavi dawos, da es sacduri daadumos da
ga[a]qarvos.
26. kviras da uqmes vakrZalebT yovelTa qristianeTa Zvelisa da axlis sjuliTa da aRqmiTa; numca vin ikadrebs kvirisa da uqmis texad, kviriakesa sruliad
yoveli uqmoba jer-ars, Tvinier locvisa da wirvisa da ekklesiad misvlisa,
kacTagan mipirutyvTamde; egreTve TormetTa saufloTa dReTa, da dResaswaulsa
yovlad wmidisa RmrTis-mSobelisasa da saCinoTa wmidaTasa.
27. amaTi wesi da rigi mRudels episkoposisagan ganewesos da mRudelma Tavis
samwysos ganuwesos da Seatyobinos, rom dRes uqmi ariso.
28. Tu vinme urC eqmnas da ar iuqmos, misi namoqmedi cecxliT dawvan; im kacs
ormoci joxi dahkran, Tu glexi iyos. da Tu maRali vinme iyos, maTs simaRles
mefes moaxsenos da iman sajos, viTa wes ars.
29. aseve vamcnebT; numca vin ikadrebs pirutyvis borotis sityviT Seginebasa. amcnos mRudelma, da Tu ar daiSalos, episkopo sT SeaSinon, nuRar
ityvian magvars uSversa.
da Tu ar daiSalon, ormoci joxi dahkran, Tu biWi iyos; da Tu kaci iyos _
mcired daarbion.
30. yovelTa mRvdelT-mTavarTaTvis gvimcnia da mogvixsenebia, rom ekklesiis
mamuls, nurc saxelos, nurca didsa da nuca mciresa, ase rom erTis dRis miwa
iyos, gina sabostne, anu mcire saxlis alagi. ara xelewifebis micemad visdame.
gina misyidvad.
nurc erTs glexs, nurc saganZurs da nurc Semosavals, rac Tavisis kondakiT ar
iSovos, da TviTan saxmarad ar miscemdes damWirneobisda, maTs simaRles keTil
msaxurs mefes moaxsenos da miss uwmidesobas patriarxs; da maTis jerCinebiT, Tu
rigiani aris, nebas daurTven da miacemineben; da Tu arada, TviT TaviT TvisiT
veraras SemZlebel ars.
31. da Tu dReis waRmarT romelic episkoposi amgvarebs iqs da TavisTavad
gascems an saxelosa, an miwa-alags, rogorc gvimcnia, an saganZurs da Semosavals,
249
da ekklesias gaaRaribebs an saganZurisagan, an xatisa jvarisa Sesamoslisgan, an

mamulisagan _ Tavs ar davanebebT, sarwmuno brZandeboden. ar dauTmobT.
vinc Sematebas ecdeba da Semkobas, didad mmadlobelni viqnebiT.
32. ekklesiis xatTaTvis, nebiTa RmrTisaTa, mxatvrebi arian da wignTaTvis
stanba aris.
da sxva saxmaric xom yovelive iSoveba amave Cuens sabrZanebelSi, fasiT sasyidelni. romliTame episkoposnic Seewivnen, romliTame mRudelni TviT daixarjnen da romliTame im ekklesiis Semavalni erni. da isre ganawyon ekklesiani.
da nu imizezeben uqonlobasa, raTa yovelni ekklesiani nebisaebr RmrTisa da
wmidaTa mamaTa mocemulisa kanunisaebr da wmidaTa oTxTa patriarxTagan damtkicebulisa, da viTarca ars yovelsa samarTlmadideblosa queyanasa Sina saberZneTisa da ruseTisasa, egreT jer-ars CuenTaca ekklesiaTa yofa, raTa Sewirul iqmnas
winaSe RmrTisa msxuerpli da locva da vedreba Cveni.
33. da mogvetevnen Secodebani Cvenni, da vixsnneT xilulTa da uxilavTa
mterTagan mefeni, da mTavarnica, da mRudelT-mTavarni, da mRudelni, da ernica
da yovelni sulni marTlmadidebelni qristianeni.
yovlisa gansacdelisagan erTbaSad dacul viqmnneT uflisa da RmrTisa da
macxovrisa Cuenisa ieso qristes mier, romelsa hSuenis yoveli didebaQ, pativi da
Tayuanis-cema, TanadausabamoT mamiT da yovladwmidiT suliTurT, aw da maradis,
da ukuniTi ukunisamde, amin.
daibeWda sameufosa qalaqsa tfiliss, palatsa samefosa, qristes aqeT CRQz.
wyalobiTa RmrTisaTa, irakli meore, qristes mier mefe qarTlisa, kaxeTisa,
da mflobeli borCalisa, SamSadinlosa da yazaxisa, brZanebiT davamtkicebT.
wyalobiTa RmrTisaTa antoni, mdabali arxiepiskoposi mcxeTisa da yovlisa
zemoQsa saqarTveloQsa, brZanebiT davamtkiceb.
qristes aqeT CRiHY.
Semdgomad amissa kidev davmeteT amas zeda :
Cuen, irakli mefeman, mpyrobelman qarTlisa da kaxeTisaman, Tana-neba-myofobiTa srul erTianad Cuenis queynebis TavadTa, aznaurTa, didvaWarTa da glexTaTa,
RmrTis mowyalebiT amas zeda, di[a]R, guldajerebuli varT, rom Cuens qveyanaSi
arc yofila da arc aris amisTana avi RmrTis ganmarisxebeli saqmeni.
magram Cuens xalxs vafrTxilebT :
34. Tu vinme amisTanas saqmis mqneli gamoCndes an momwamlvelni, an kacis
Semkruelni, an siyu[a]rulisa da simZulvaris wamlis mimcemelni, an jadoobisa da
mkiTxaobis moqmedni, an RmrTis didad ganmarisxebelisa da miutevebelis finTisa,
250
da myralisa, da cecxliT saukunod mwuelisa mamaTmavlobis mqnelni mamalni anu

dedalni _ eseni unda Zaliani da saanadzos jajaebiT daiHocnen.
35. da es ganCineba unda yovelma episkoposma Tavis samwysos saydrebSi Tavis
xalxs waukiTxon da gaafrTxilon. 61 7
[mcnebani maqsime kaTalikozisa mama iobisa da winamZRvar besarionisadmi]

[1777 w.]
afxaz-imerTa kaTolikosi maqsime Cuens suliers Svils udabnos mamas iobs da
kualad erkeTis winamZRvars besarions uflisa Cuenisa ieso qristes mier locvakurTxeviT gikiTxav; da Semdgomad amisa garwmuneb samwyosa Cemsa sakaTalikosa.
1. da viTa Sendobisa Cvenisa morCil iyvneT, egreT keTilad moZRurideT,
aswavlideT da zedas-zeda sulieriTa swavliTa amxilebdeT da ganamtkicebdeT.
2. da ukeTu vinme samRudelo kaci uwesod iqceodes, anu nayrovanebiTa, anu
mTvralobiTa da sxviTa romliTame borotiTa, amxileT, SerisxeT. da ukeTu ara
Seikdimos da arca ganiSoros uweso igi qceva dascxerin mRudelobisagan.
3. da kualad romelsaca mRudels wirvisa da naTvlis srulebiT aRsruleba ar
Zal-edvas, Tqven aswaveT gulsmodgineT. da ukeTu keTilad ver iswa[v]os, igica
daayeneT mRudelobisagan.
4. da romelsaca mRudelsa mecniereba da SiSi RmrTisa aqundes da SeeZlos
saidumloebis aRsruleba, man imRudelmoqmedos; xolo umecari da uSiSi RmrTisa
da ukrZalveli gonebiTa yovladve nu ikadrebn msaxurebad wmidisa mis wmidaTasa.
5. da egreTve, romelsaca Zal-edvas swavlad da moZRurebad, moZRurides, da
romelsaca ara _ nu imoZRurebs.
6. kualad amas gamcneb da gaswaveb, rom: eklesiebs ganixilvideT da mas zeda
dadginebulTa mRudelTa ganakrZalebded da aswavebdeT, rom eklesia wmidad da
sufTad Seinaxon; barZim-feSxumi da maTi dafarnaebi da wmidis trapezis gadasafarebeli sadac hpovoT, rom Zveli iyos, an damwvari, an daxeuli, gamoacvlevineT
da ganaaxlebineT.
7. da im eklesiazed mimavals ersac auwyT, rom eklesiis samsaxurebels saqmezed
mRudels Seeweoden da morCil eqmneboden.
8. da eseca amceniT: romelic sayovelTao uqmi dRe iyos, keTilad daimarxevden
da eri srulebiT yrmiT da dedebiTurT eklesiad miiswrafiden da wirva-locvas ar
daakldeboden.
617
q.s .Z., III, 19 70, gv . 871-877.
251
9. da kualad amasac ganakrZalebdeT, rom mkiTxavi ar Seiwynaron, _ SeCvenebuli aris.

da vinca mkiTxavi saxlad miiyvanos da akiTxvinos, mkiTxavi igi da saxlad
mimyvanebelica da Semwynarebeli misi, ornive erTbamad gankveTeT da ganayeneT
yovlisave qristianeTa wesisagan, ziarebisa da eklesiad mislvisagan.
da nurc mkudars damarxven mkiTxavs, aramed viTarca ZaRli gancofebuli,
egreT Seracxon.
10. ese mcnebani yovelnive keTilad auwyeT da ganamtkiceT, da dRiTi-dRe nu
daiyo[v]nebT swavlad erisa, Torem sasjelsa didsa Tanamdeb xarT.
daiwera welTa qristes aqeT CRoz.
beWedi : Crdilo afxaz-imerTa kaTalikosi maqsime. 61 8
g. [kanonTa ganweseba codvilTaTvis anton II-is mier]

[1793 w. 13 agvisto]
1. Svid wel nu eziarebian wmidaTa saidumloTa. da Tu sadme sikudilad miiwios
SvidTa maT weliwadTa Sina, romliTame mizeziTa aziaros sulierman mamaman. da Tu
mokudes anderZi aRugos da damarxos. da Tu morCes, isev SvidTa weliwadTa Sesrulebamde nu iqmnebian miaxleba misi wmidaTa saidumloTa.
2. nu Sevals eklesiasa Sina vidre samTa weliwadTa srulyofadmde, aramed
hsdges gare karsa eklesiisasa wiruasa anu locvasa zeda da SemavalTa da ganmavalTagan didiTa vedrebiTa iTxovdes da Tavsa Tvissa moidrekdes maTdami da ityodes:
SemindeviT me, codvilsa.
3. da Sedgomad samisa wlisa Sevides eklesiasa Sina da sefiskveri miecemodes.
4. oTxTave marxvaTa, ese igi, wmidaTa didTa ormeocTa marxvaTa Sina wmidaTa
mociqulTa da RmrTismSoblis micualebisa da qristes-SobisaTa ityodes aRsarebasa da daufarvelad aRuarebdes coduaTa TvisTa da cremliT suliTa SemusrviliTa da guliTa SemusrviliTa inandes.
da romelnica kanonni sulierman mamaman Tvisman misces dafarulTaTvis coduaTa, romelnica aRuarna mas, dauklebelad gardaixdides.
5. wmidaTa maT didTa ormeoceTa da RmrTismSoblis marxuaTa Sina Tvinier
SabaT-kvirisa nu hsuaman Rvinosa da qristes-Sobis marxvaTa da mociqulTa marxvaTa Sina oTxSabaT-paraskevsa esreTve nu suamn da xsnilsa SvideulTa samTa weliwadTa orSabaTsa xorcsa nu sWamen da oTxSabaT-paraskevsa Tevzsa, Tvinier sauflosa dResaswaulisa da ganwesebulisa tibikonisa.
618
q.s .Z., III, 197 0, gv. 914.
252
6. mouklebelad Tvissa ganwesebulsa saidumlosa locuasa ilocvides da wirvasa da locvasa eklesiisasa nu daakldebin da TDToeulsa dResa Sina hyofdes
metaniasa assa: ormeocsa didsa metaniasa da sameocsa xelis metaniasa da ityodes
TiToeulsa zeda: RmerTo, milxine me codDlsa amas da Semiwyale me.
7. samsa weliwadsa vidre Seslvadmde eklesiasa Sina nu moiparsavn Tmasa da
nurca wversa da Seimosos kvarTi da sarvari samoslisa.
8. Semdgomad amaTsa ukeTu SemZlebel iyos, daixsnas tyve; da ukeTu ara, SeZlebisaebr Tvisisa sxvasa damxsnelsa visme Seewios.
9. erTsa weliwadsa suliersa mamasa TDssa ormeocdaaTsa awirvinebdes codvis
mitevebisaTvis Tavisa TDsisa da gansvenebisaTvis mis mier moklulisa.
10. romelic mRudelmTavris misarTmevi sakanonos debuleba iyos, SeZlebisaebri dauyovneblad miarTvas da esreT srulhyos ganwesebulni ese kanonni.
welsa CRJg, TTuesa agvistosa ig.
xelrTva : kaTalikozi. mdabali mitropoliti mixail. 61 9
619
q.s .Z., III, 1970 , gv. 1018.
253
saqarTvelos I saeklesio kreba (9-17.09.1917)

saqarTvelos eklesiaSi Sedioda sul 13
gamocxadebis Semdeg (12.03.1917) ruseTis
eparqia. saqarTvelos eklesias mTlianad
droebiTma mTavrobam 1917 wlis 27 marts

scno saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis aRdgena da uwoda mas `qarTuli ek-
ganagebdnen saeklesio krebebi (sruliad
lesiis TviTgamorkvevis udidesi aqti~.
beli organo iyo sabWo (sakaTalikoso,
saqarTvelos ekl esiis droebiTma

mmarTvelobam 1917 wlis agvistoSi gadaw-
saolqo, samrevlo). saqarTvelos ekle-
yvita moewvia sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio kreba. agvistos damlevsa da seqtem-
ad saqarTvelos saeklesio kreba, romelic
bris dasawyisSi mTel saqarTveloSi mimdinareobda am krebis delegatTa arCevnebi.

sruliad saqarTvelos I saeklesio
kreba (avtokefaliis aRdgenis Semdeg)
saero warmomadgenlobisagan. sruliad
gaixsna 1917 wlis 9 seqtembers dRis

12 saaTze sionis taZarSi. krebas Tavmjdomareobda mitropoliti leonide, prezidiumSi arCeul iyvnen: giorgi Juruli, trifon jafariZe da spiridon kedia. krebis dRis wesrigis umTavresi
sakiTxi iyo saqarTvelos eklesiis marTva-gamgeobis debulebis proeqtis ganxilva, saqarTvelos sasuliero saswavleblebis keTilmowyoba-uzrunvelyofis
sakiTxebi, soxumis eparqiis sakiTxi da
saqarTvelos eklesiisa, saeparqio, saolqo da samrevlo), romelTa aRmasrule-
sias, wesdebis mixedviT, ganagebda sruliSedgeboda samRvdeloTa, monazonTa da

saqarTvelos eklesiis krebis Tavmjdomared unda yofiliyo kaTalikosi, misi aryofnis dros ki misi mosaydre.
sruliad saqarTvelos eklesiis krebis kompetenciaSi Sedioda: adgilobrivi
sa ek le si o sa ma rTa li ,
ka Ta li ko si s,
sakaTalikoso sabWosa da sakaTalikoso

sasamarTlos wevrebisa da kandidatebis
arCeva, axali eparqiebis gaxsna an arsebul eparqiaTa sazRvrebis gadamijvna da
kaTedrebis aRdgena an daarseba, zrunva
sasuliero saswavlebelTa daarsebisa an
nivTierad uzrunvelyofisaTvis. saekle-
kaTalikos-patriarqis arCevnebi.
sio krebis aRmasrulebeli mudmivi or-
sruliad saqarTvelos I-ma saeklesio krebam miiRo `saqarTvelos eklesiis marTva-gamgeobis debuleba~. am debulebiT saqarTvelos eklesia aerTianebda
gano iyo sakaTalikoso sabWo. sruliad
yvela marTlmadidebel qarTvels da

agreTve araqarTvel marTlmadidebleb-
da sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio kreba,
sac, romlebic cxovrobdnen saqarTvelos Zveli sakaTalikosos sazRvrebSi.
pirebisagan.
marTva-gamgeobis mxriv saqarTvelos

eklesia iyofoda eparqiebad, eparqiebi -
kaTalikos-patriarqad wmida kirioni
olqebad, xolo olqebi - samrevloebad.
Tvis debuleba.
s a q a r Tv e l o s
k a T al i k o s - p a t ri a r q i ,
saWeTmpyrobeli eklesiisa, imave dros

iyo mTavarepiskoposi mcxeTisa. mas irCevSemdgari rogorc sasuliero, aseve saero
krebam airCia sruliad saqarTvelos
(saZagliSvili) da mogvca eklesiis mar-
254
saqarTvelos eklesiis marTva-gamgeoba
debulebani
miRebuli sruliad saqarTvelos 1917 wlis saeklesio krebaze
$1. marTva-gamgeobis mxriT saqarTvelos eklesia ganiyofa eparqiebad da eparqiebi _ olqebad, xolo olqebi _ samrevloebad.
$2. saqarTvelos eklesiaSi Semdegi eparqiebia:
a) mcxeT isa, romlis mwyemsmTavari aris mTavarepiskopozi mcxeTisa da
sruliad saqarTveloQs kaTolikoz-patriarqi. samwyso: saqarTvelos eklesiis
wm. dedaqalaqi mcxeTa, orisave aragvisa da qsan-lexuris xeobani (teritoria
Zveli eparqiebis: mcxeTisa, wilknisa da samTavisis), rasac Seicavs exlandeli
duSeTis mazra Semdegis cvlilebiT: dasavleTiT emateba qsan-lexuris xeobaTa
qvemo-nawili vidre wlevis mTamde, xolo aRmosavleTiT akldeba aragvis aRmosavleTi sanapiro, romlis erTi nawili, - nokornis qedis qvemod, Sedis tfilelis
eparqiaSi (saguramos ubani), xolo zemo-nawili (xarWiSos ubani), - Seadgens
alaverdelis samwysos. kaTedra eparqiisa aris mcxeTa (sveticxovelSi), xolo
kaTolikozis rezidencia _ tfilisSi.
SeniSvna: kaTolikoz-patriarqis pirdapir samwysos Seadgens agreTve saqarTvelos gared
mcxovrebi qarTveloba.
b) tfilisisa. samwyso: gare-qarTli da gare-kaxeTi (teritoria Zveli epar-
qiebisa: tfilisis, manglisis, walkis, dmanisis, bolnisis, winwyarosi, agarakis,

rusTavis, kawareTisa da ninowmidis), rasac Seadgens exlandeli tfilisis da
borCalos mazrebi da amaT garda saguramos ubani da bambakis xeoba. kaTedra
mwyemsTmTavarisa - tfilisSi (sionSi), rezidencia _ iqve. pativi mwyemsTmTavrisa:
tfileli mitropoliti.
SeniSvna: tfileli, rogorc kaTolikozis uaxloesi adgilobrivi mRvdelmTavari, aris
mosaydre kaTolikozisa.
g) alaverdisa. samwyso: Sida-kaxeTi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebis: alaverdisa,
nekresisa da xarWaSenis), rasac Seicavs exlandeli Telavisa da TianeTis mazrebi

xarWiSos ubnis mimatebiT da amaT garda didoeT-durZukeTi, miwerili Tergisa
da daRestnis mxareebze. kaTedra mRvdelmTavrisa _ alaverdSi, rezidencia _
q. TelavSi. pativi mRv delmTav risa: ala verdeli epi sko pozi (a nu ab ba
a la v erdeli ) .
d) bodbisa. samwyso: hereTi, rani, Saqi da wuqeTi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: bodbisa, Weremisa, giSisa da xoranabujis), rasac Seadgens exlandeli mazrebi
255
da olqebi _ siRnaRisa, zaqaTalisa, samurisa, nuxisa, areSisa, ganjisa da yazaxisa. kaTedra mRvdelmTavrisa - bodbeSi, rezidencia _ q. siRnaRSi. pativi
mRvdelmTavris: bodbeli episkopozi.
e) urbnisisa. samwyso: Sida-qarTli (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: urbnisis,
ruisis, niqozisa da samTavrosi), rasac Seicavs exlandeli goris mazra, garda
borjomis xeobisa da samTavisis ubnisa, da amas garda dvaleTi, miwerili Tergis
mxareze. kaTedra mRvdelmTavrisa _ urbnisSi, rezidencia _ q. gorSi. mRvdelmTavris
pativi: urbneli episkopozi.
v) awyurisa. samwyso: samcxe, javaxeTi da zemo-somxeTi (teritoria Zveli
eparqiebisa: awyuris, wurwyabis, kumurdosi, eruSeTis, dadaSenis, wyarosTavis,
anisis, karisa da alaSkertis), rasac Seadgens exlandeli axalcixis mazra _
borjomis xeobis mimatebiT, axalqalaqis mazra, artaanis olqi, yarsis olqi,
yaRzevanis olqi, gumbris mazra da amaT garda ori olqi osmaleTis sazRvrebSi _
basiani da alaSkerti. kaTedra mRvdelmTavrisa _ awyverSi (droebiT zarzmaSi),
rezidencia _ q. axalcixeSi. mRvdelmTavris pativi: mawyvereli episkopozi.
z) quTaisisa. samwyso: qvemo-imereTi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: quTaisisa
da xoni s), - exlandeli q uTai sis mazra md. wya lwiT elas qvem od. kaTedra
mRvdelmTavrisa _ q. quTaisSi, rezidencia _ iqve. mwyemsmTavris pativi: quTaTeli mitropoliti.
H ) genaTisa. samwyso: zemo-imereTi (teritoria genaTis Zveli eparqiisa), exla ndeli So ra p ni s m a zra da o kri b a m d. wya lwi T ela s zem o d. ka T edra
mRvdelmTavrisa _ gelaTSi, rezidencia _ q. zestafonSi. mRvdelmTavris pativi:
genaTeli episkopozi.
T) nikorwmidisa. samwyso: raWa (teritoria nikorwmidis Zveli eparqiisa), exlandeli raWis mazra. kaTedra mRvdelmTavrisa _ nikorwmidaSi, rezidencia _
q. onSi. pativi mRvdelmTavrisa: nikorwmideli episkopozi.
i) cagerisa. samwyso: leCxum-svaneTi (teritoria _ cageris Zveli eparqiisa),
exlandeli leCxumis mazra. kaTedra _ cagerSi , rezidencia _ i qve. pativi
mRvdelmTavrisa: cagereli episkopozi.
ia) Wyondidisa. samwyso: odiSi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: Wyondidis,
caiSisa da walenjixasi) , exlandeli senakisa da zugdidis mazreb i. kaT edra
mRvdelmTavrisa _ martvilSi, rezidencia _ q. foTSi. pativi mwyemsmTavrisa :
Wyondideli mitropoliti.
ib) baTom-Semoqmedisa. samwyso: guria, tao-klarjeTi da WaneTi (teritoria
Zveli eparqiebisa: xinowmidisa _ imave baTomis, Semoqmedis, jumaTis, satrapelasi, tbeTis, anCis, iSxanisa da banis), rasac Seicavs: ruseTis sazRvrebSi _ exlandeli ozurgeTis mazra, baTomis, arTvinis da olTisis olqebi, xolo osmaleTis
256
sazRvrebSi _ olqebi: TorTomi, kiskimi, ispiri, rize, aTina da xofa. kaTedra

mRvdelmTavrisa _ q. baTomSi, rezidencia iqve. pativi mRvdelmTavrisa: baTomelSemoqmedeli episkopozi.
ig) cxum-bediisa (teritoria Zveli eparqiebis: drandisa _ imave cxumis,
bediisa, moqvisa da biWvinTisa). exlandeli soxumis olqi gagris ubnis mimatebiT.
kaTedra mRvdelmTavrisa cxumSi (soxumSi), rezidencia _ iqve. mRvdelmTavris
pativi: cxumel-bedieli episkopozi.
SeniSvna 1. mitropolitebi pativiT episkopozebze maRla dganan. samitropolito kaTedrebi ierarqiulad Tanasworni arian, agreTve saepiskopozo kaTedrebi. mwyemsmTavarni pativdebul iqmnebian xeldasxmis (qirotoniis) uxucesobis mixedviT. gamonaklisia mxolod tfileli mitropoliti, rodesac igi faqtiurad kaTolikozis mosaydreobas asrulebs.
SeniSvna 2. am siis Secvla da Sevseba sruliad saqarTvelos eklesiis krebis kompetencias
ekuTvnis.
$3. saqarTvelos eklesias mTlianad da nawilobriv (eparqias, olqsa da samrevlos) ganageben krebebi (sruliad saqarTvelos eklesiisa, saeparqio, saolqo da
samrevlo), romelTac aRmasrulebel organoebad hyavs sabWoebi (sakaTolikozo,
saeparqio, saolqo da samrevlo).
$4. saqarTvelos eklesias ganagebs sruliad saqarTvelos
saeklesio kreba, romZelsac Seadgens eklesiis srulwlovan wevrTa warmomadgenlebi, ganurCevlad sqesisa, Tanamdebobisa da xarisxisa, TiToeul olqidan oTxoTxi kaci, amaT garda saeklesio krebis aucilebel wevrebad iTvlebian yvela
mmarTveli mRvdelmTavrebi.
$5. sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio krebas Tavmjdomareobs kaTolikozi, xolo,
roca igi ar aris, misi mosaydre, da Tu mosaydrec ar aris, erT-erTi mRvdelmTavari krebis arCeviT. krebave airCevs prezidiumis danarCen wevrebsa da mdivnebs.
kreba aris Cveulebrivi _ xuT weliwadSi erTxel, da araCveulebrivi _ roca
saWiroeba moiTxovs, Cveulebriv krebas iwvevs kaTolikozi, xolo araCveulebrivs
an kaTolikozi, an sakaTolikozo sabWo, saeparqio sabWoTa umravlesobis TanxmobiT. kreba kanonieria, Tu mowveulTa erTi mesamedi mainc gamocxaddeba.
$6. sruli ad saqa rTvelos saeklesio kreb is komp etencia s eqvem deb areb a :
a) adgilobrivi saeklesio kanonmdebloba; b) uzenaesi saeklesio samarTali;
g) sabolood garCeva da gadawyveta im saqmeebisa, romelTac mas sakaTolikozo
sabWo warmoudgens; d) arCeva sakaTolikozo sabWos da sakaTolikozo sasamarTlos wevrebisa da maTi kandidatebisa; e) Zveli kaTedrebis aRdgena, axali eparqiebis gaxsna an arsebul eparqiaTa daxurva da sazRvrebis gamijvna; v) zrunva sasuliero saswavlebelTa daarsebisa da nivTierad uzrunvelyofisaTvis; z) mTavari
marTva-gamgeobis organoTa Statebis damtkiceba.
mTavari gamgeoba
257
$7. saeklesio krebis mudmivi aRmasrulebeli organo aris sruliad saqarTvelos sakaTolikozos sabWo (anu SemoklebiT sakaTolikozo sabWo). sakaTolikozo sabWo Sesdgeba Tormet wevrisagan. sabWos wevrad SeiZleba arCeul iqmnes
qalica da kacic, rogorc krebis delegatTa, ise aradelegatTagan. sabWos wevrni,
agreTve oTxi maTi kandidati, aRirCevian saeklesio krebis mier xuTis wlis vadiT
da SeuZlianT xelaxla arCeul iqmnen. sabWos Tavmjdomareobs kaTolikoz-patriarqi, xolo roca is avad aris an sxvagan sadme, misi mosaydre. dasaxelebul
Tormet wevrTa garda sabWoSi gadamwyvetis xmiT monawileobas iRebs or-ori
mRvdelmTavari, romelnic gamoiwvevian eparqiebidan rigrigobiT ori Tvis vadiT,
agreTve TiTo warmomadgeneli saeparqio sabWoTa, Tu ukanasknelni saWirod da
TavisaTvis SesaZleblad dainaxaven maT warmogzavnas. sabWos sxdomis dReebisa da
saqmeebis ganxilvis rigs awesebs Tavmjdomare. sxdoma kviraSi orjer mainc unda
moxdes da is kanonieria, Tu rva wevri mainc daeswreba TavmjdomariTurT. sabWoSi
sakiTxi ubralo xmis umetesobiT swydeba, xolo roca xmebi Tanabrad iyofa, maSin
is azri upiratesobs, romelsac Tavmjdomare emxroba.
$8. sakaTolikozo sabWos samsaxuris mxriT eqvemdebarebian rogorc mRvdelmTavarni da sasuliero pirni, agreTve saeklesio dawesebulebani da maTSi mosamsaxureni, xolo sarwmunoebisa da saeklesio disciplinis mxriT yoveli wevrni saqarTvelos eklesiisa. sabWos dadgenilebani savaldebuloa yvela saeklesio dawesebulebaTa da eklesiis wevrTaTvis; imaTi Secvla SeuZlia mxolod sabWos da saeklesio
krebas. sakaTolikozo sabWo Tavis funqciebis aRsrulebis dros xelmZRvanelobs
saRmrTo weriliT, msoflio da adgilobriv (maT Soris saqarTvelos eklesiis)
krebaTa dadgenilebiT da saxelmwifoSi momqmed kanonmdeblobiT. sakaTolikozo
sabWos aqvs damxmare organoebi: kancelaria, samoswavlo komiteti, sameurneo
gamgeoba da samonastro gamgeoba: amaT garda sabWos hyavs iuriskonsulti.
$9. sakaTolikozo sabWos eqvemdebareba Semdegi saqmeebi: a) zrunva saeklesio
swavla-moZRvrebisa da qarTuli RvTismetyvelebis ayvavebisa da Seuryvnelad dacvisaTvis; b) zrunva samwysoTa sarwmunoebriv-zneobrivi warmatebisaTvis; g) saeklesio kanonTa da saqarTvelos saeklesio krebis dadgenilebaTa ganmarteba; roca
saWiroeba moiTxovs, axali kanon-proeqtis SemuSaveba da saeparqio sabWoebTan SeTanxmebiT, droebiT, morig saeklesio krebamde, cxovrebaSi gatareba; krebas ufleba
aqvs daadasturos an uarhyos am wesiTY cxovrebaSi gatarebuli kanoni; d) Tvalyuris
devneba mis qveiT mdgom pirTa da dawesebulebaTa moqmedebisa; e) zrunva monasterTa, taZarTa, saqvelmoqmedo da saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebaTa keTil-mowyobisa da warmatebisaTvis; v) winaswari ganxilva da saTanado dawesebulebaTa winaSe
Suamdgomlobis aRZvra monasterTa, eklesiaTa, saqvelmoqmedo da samoswavlosaganmanaTleblo dawesebulebaTa daarsebis Sesaxeb; z) saTanado saxelmwifo dawesebulebaTa da Tanamdebobis pirTa winaSe saeklesio saqmeTa gamo Suamdgomlobis
258
aRZvra; H ) zrunva samRvdeloebis qonebrivad uzrunvel-yofisaTvis; T) zrunva

samsaxuridan gasul samRvdelo pirTa, saeklesio moxeleTa da samRvdeloebis
qvriv-obolTaTvis; i) zrunva saRmrTo da saeklesio-saRvTismsaxuro wignTa
Sedgenisa, Sesworebisa da gamocemisaTvis; ia) mRvdelmTavarTa, Tanaxmad maTis
Txovnisa, samsaxuridan ganTavisufleba; ib) reviziis daniSvna sxvadasxva saWiroebaTa da SemTxvevaTa gamo; ig) eparqiebisa da saeklesio dawesebulebaTa xarjTaRricxvis ganxilva-damtkiceba; id) saeparqio da sxvadasxva saeklesio dawesebulebaTa wliuri angariSebis ganxilva da mTeli sakaTolikozoQs wliuri angariSis
Sedgena krebisaTvis warsadgenad; ie) saeklesio uZrav qonebaTa SeZena-ganTvisebis
damtkiceba; iv) sabolood garCeva da damtkiceba saeparqio sabWoTagan Semosul
saqmeTa; iz) nebarTva sakaTolikozoSi nebayoflobiTi Sewirulebis saqvelmoqmedo
mi zniT Sekrebi sa; i H ) sxva av tokefalur eklesieb Tan urT ierTobi s daWera;
iT) winaswari muSaoba sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio krebis mowvevisaTvis da
agreTve am krebaze gansaxilvel sakiTxTa damuSaveba da masalebis Sekreba; k) xelmZRvaneloba kaTolikozis arCevnebisa; ka) micema droebiTis Tavisuflebisa, erT
Tveze metis vadiT, episkopozebisa, sakaTolikozo sabWoQsa da sakaTolikozo sasamarTloQs wevrebisa da sabWoQs damxmare organoTa gamgeTaTvis; kb) ganxilva da
gadawyveta im saqmeebisa, romelnic saeparqio sabWoebidan gadmoecema; kg) zrunva
galobis aRdgena-gamSvenebisaTvis; kd) zrunva saarqeologio naSTTa dacvisaTvis.
$10. kaTolikozi. saWeTmpyroblad (mTavar-winamZRvrad) eklesiisa iTvleba
mTavarepiskopozi mcxeTisa da sruliad saqarTveloQs kaTolikoz-patriarqi, romelsac irCevs saqarTvelos eklesiis yvela srulwlovani wevri pirdapiris, sayovelTao, Tanasworis da farulis xmis micemiT.
SeniSvna: sakaTolikozo kandidatisaTvis berobis miReba savaldebulo araa. fizikurisa
da zneobrivis mxriT igi unda akmayofilebdes saeklesio kanonTa moTxovnilebas da unda
hqondes miRebuli umaRlesi sazogado ganaTleba da Sesaferi saRvTismetyvelo momzadeba.
$11. kaTolikoz-patriarqi aris pirveli TanasworTa Soris (mociq. kan. 34)

da misi kompetencia aseTia: a) is Tavmjdomareobs sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio krebas, sakaTolikozo sabWos da sakaTolikozo sasamarTlos; b) mwyemsmTavrulad mimoixilavs sakaTolikozos eparqiebs da xelmZRvanelobas uwevs episkopozebs saeparqio mTavar-gamgeobaSi; g) mis saxels ixsenieben wirva-locvis dros
sakaTolikozoQs mRvdelmTavarni da samRvdeloeba; d) igi aZlevs droebiTs Tavisuflebas: episkopozebs, sakaTolikozo sabWoQsa da sasamarTloQs wevrebs da sabWoQs
damxmare organoTa gamgeebs ara umetes erTi Tvisa weliwadSi, xolo saeparqio
marTva-gamgeobis organoTa da sasamarTlos Tavmjdomareebs da wevrebs ori Tvidan
da mets; e) agreTve aZlevs daTxovniTs sigelebs im episkopozebs, romelnic eparqiidan droebiT sxvagan sadme midian; v) rogorc Tavmjdomare sakaTolikozo
sasamarTlosi, igi iRebs saCivars episkopozTa, sakaTolikozo sabWos da sasa-
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marTlos wevrTa, saeparqio krebaTa da saeparqio dawesebulebaTa (sabWos da sasamarTlos) Sesaxeb da aZlevs am saCivars kanonier msvlelobas; z) rogorc Tavmjdomare sakaTolikozo sabWosi, is zrunavs uepiskoposod darCenil eparqiebisaTvi s; H ) sa Wiro Sem TxvevaSi , sabWo s mindob ilobiT, is aZlevs rCeva s da
mwyemsmTavrul SeniSvnas episkopozebsa da saeparqio marTva-gamgeobis organoTa da
sasamarTloQs Tavmjdomareebsa da wevrebs; T) sabWosave mondobilobiT imas miwer-mowera aqvs sxva avtokefalur eklesiebTan da saxelmwifos umaRles dawesebulebebTan; i) moiwvevs Cveulebriv saeklesio krebas da araCveulebrivs saeparqio
sabWoTa umravlesobis TanxmobiT.
$12. saeparqio mmarTvelobis mTavari organo
aris saeparqio kreba, romelzedac TviToeuli olqi hgzavnis oTxs warmomadgenels. kreba orgvaria: Cveulebrivi, weliwadSi erTxel, da araCveulebrivi _
saWiroebisdagvarad. krebas Tavmjdomareobs adgilobrivi mRvdelmTavari; roca
mRvdelmTavari ar aris, kreba TiTon irCevs Tavmjdomares samRvdelo pirTa
Soris. krebave irCevs prezidiumis danarCen wevrebs da mdivnebsac. kreba kanonieria,
Tu masze gamocxadda ara umcires mowveulTa naxevrisa.
$13. saeparqio krebis uflebas Seadgens: a) saeparqio sabWoQs da saeparqio
sasamarTloQs wevrTa da maTi kandidatebis arCeva; b) Tvalyuris devneba saeparqio cxovrebisa da saeparqio dawesebulebaTa moqmedebisa; g) eparqiis danawileba
olqebad, an arsebul olqTa gadamijvna; d) zrunva saeklesio, samoswavlo da
saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebaTa daarsebisa, gaumjobesebisa da nivTier saSualebaTa gamonaxvisaTvis eparqiaSi; e) adgilobrivi sabWos mier SemuSavebul
wesebis da instruqciebis damtkiceba; v) zrunva galobis gaumjobesebisaTvis da
agreTve zrunva siZveleTa dacvisaTvis.
$14. saeparqio krebis aRmasrulebeli organo aris saeparqio sabWo. sabWos
Tavmjdomareobs adgilobrivi mRvdelmTavari, xolo, roca igi araa, maSin sabWos
wevrebi Tvis Soris airCeven Tavmjdomares samRvdelo pirTagan. sabWo Sesdgeba
eqvsi wevrisagan, romelTac irCevs kreba rogorc sasuliero, ise saero pirTagan.
sabWos wevrebi irCevian saeparqio krebis mier sami wlis vadiT. amaT garda sabWos
hyavs mdivani, romelsac TviT sabWo moiwvevs.
$15. saeparqio sabWos kompetencias eqvemdebareba: a) sarwmunoebis da zneobis
dacva-ganmtkicebisaTvis zrunva eparqiaSi; b) Tvalyuris devneba samonastro da
saeklesio qonebaTa marTva-gamgeobisa eparqiaSi; g) ganxilva im saqmeebisa, romelTac
mas saolqo krebebi an saolqo sabWoebi warmoudgenen; d) Tvalyuris devneba yvela
saeklesio dawesebulebaTa da saeklesio Tanamdebobis pirTa moqmedebisa eparqiaSi;
e) ganxilva sakiTxisa axali olqebis gaxsnis an arsebul olqTa Semcirebisa gind
gayofisa da gadamijvnisa eparqiis farglebSi; v) saeparqio krebaze gansaxilvel
saeparqio marTva-gamgeoba
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sakiTxTa winaswari damuSaveba; z) gacema iseTi dokumentebisa, romelnic morwmuneTa moqalaqeobriv mdgomareobas Seexebian; H) saeparqio wliur angariSis Sedgena
saeparqio krebisa da sakaTolikozo sabWosaTvis warsadgenad; T) berobisa da
sasuliero wodebidan ganTavisufleba.
SeniSvna : saqmeebi wydeba ubralo xmis umetesobiT; magram, roca sabWosa da mRvdelmTavars Soris uTanxmoebaa, maSin sadavo saqme gadaecema sakaTolikozo sabWos.
$16. episkopozi. episkopozi aris eparqiis sarwmunoebriv-zneobrivi cxovrebis

xelmZRvaneli da ganagebs eparqias saeparqio sabWosTan erTad. saepiskopozo kandidati aRirCevis sayovelTao, pirdapiri, Tanaswori da faruli xmis micemiT,
xolo xeldaasxams mas kaTolikozi episkopozTa krebiTurT. saepiskopozo kandidats unda hqondes miRebuli umaRlesio ganaTleba da Sesaferi saRvTismetyvelo
momzadeba, xolo ukidures SemTxvevaSi ara umcires saSualo saRvTismetyvelo
ganaTlebisa; fizikurad da zneobrivad unda akmayofilebdes saeklesio kanonTa
moTxovnilebas.
SeniSvna : saepiskopozo kandidatisaTvis berad Sedgoma savaldebulo ar aris.
$17. episkopozis kompetencias ekuTvnis: a) sruli ufleba mTels eparqiaSi swavla-moZRvrebisa; b) ufleba yovelgvaris mRvdelmoqmedebis Sesrulebisa; g) zrunva,
raTa mis eparqiaSi morwmuneni saRs saeklesio swavlebas icavdnen; d) mas aqvs
ufleba axsnas qorwinebis dros zogierTi dabrkolebani, romelnic naTesauri
kavSiridan gamomdinareoben; e) sarwmunoebriv saqmeebSi masze damokidebuli arian
epaqriis yvela wevrebi; v) mis saxels aRavlens wirva-locvis dros mTeli eparqiis samRvdeloeba; z) is aZlevs droebiTs Tavisuflebas, ara umetes erTi Tvisa,
saeparqio dawesebulebebSi mosamsaxureT, episkopozi valdebulia: a) daemorCilos saeklesio kanonebsa da mTavar saeklesio mmrTvelobis mier kanonierad gamocemuls dadgenilebaTa, xolo roca ama
Tu im saeklesio kanonisa an dadgenilebis Sesaxeb gaugebroba rame daibadeba, gansamarteblad mTavar saeklesio mTavrobas mihmarTos; b) cxoveli kavSiri iqonios
samwysosTan da am mizniT xSir-xSirad mimoixilos Tavisi eparqia; g) yvelaferSi
daemorCilos sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio krebas da, roca sakaTolikozo
sabWo miiwvevs, aRniSnul krebaze gamocxaddes; d) mTavari saeklesio mTavrobis
nebadaurTvelad ara moimoqmedos ra iseTi, rac mis uflebas aRemateba; e) wirvalocvis dros kaTolikozis saxels ixseniebdes; v) sxva eparqiaSi Tavisi nebiT ara
daiwyos ra; z) pativiscemiT epyrobodes sxva mRvdelmTavrebs, saeparqio sabWoebsa
da saeparqio gadawyvetilebas. _ rogorc saeparqio sasamarTlos Tavmjdomares,
episkopozs ufleba aqvs, am sasamarTlos ganaCenis Tanaxmad, damnaSave mRvdeli
mRvdelmoqmedebidan gankveTos, epitemia daados, anu moxsnas da sxv.
saolqo mmarTveloba
umetes 15-is samrevloQsa.
$18. saeklesio olqSi Sedis ara umcires 10-isa da ara
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$19. olqs ganagebs saolqo kreba, romelSiac monawileobas iRebs olqis

TviTeuli samrevlodan ori-ori warmomadgeneli. krebas Tavmjdomareobs samRvdelo piri krebisave arCeviT. saolqo krebas iwvevs saolqo sabWo da igi kanonieria, Tu masze gamocxaddeba ara umcires yvela wevrTa naxevrisa. saolqo kreba
aris: Cveulebrivi _ weliwadSi orjel da araCveulebrivi _ saWiroebisadagvarad.
$20. saolqo krebis kompetencias ekuTvnis: a) saolqo sabWosi da saolqo
sasamarTlos wevrTa da maTi kandidatebis arCeva, agreTve arCeva delegatebisa
saeparqio da sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio krebisaTvis; b) zrunva samrevloebSi saeklesio cxovrebis mowesrigebisa da warmatebisaTvis; g) zrunva qvriv-obolgaWivrebulTaTvis, da sazogadod saqvelmoqmedo saqmis moywoba olqSi; d) saolqo sabWos moqmedebis angariSTa ganxilva; e) Suamdgomlobis aRZvra da mosazrebaTa wardgena Sesaxeb axalis samrevloebis daarsebisa, arsebul samrevloTa gayofisa da Semcirebisa; v) sasyidlis daniSvna saolqo sabWoQs da saolqo sasamarTloQs mdivnisa da saqmis mwarmoebelisaTvis.
$21. saolqo krebis aRmasrulebeli organo aris saolqo sabWo, romelic
Sesdgeba Tavmjdomarisa (usaTuod mRvdeli unda iyos) da eqvsi wevrisagan, romelsac irCevs saolqo kreba sami wlis vadiT, rogorc saero, agreTve sasuliero
pirTagan. sabWos hyavs mdivani, romelsac iwvevs TviT sabWo.
$22. saolqo sabWo: a) adgens saolqo wliur angariSs, romelsac warudgens
saolqo krebasa da saeparqio sabWos; b) winaswar daamuSavebs sakiTxebs, romelic
saolqo krebas unda waredginos gansaxilvelad; g) iwvevs saolqo krebas da xelmZRvanelobas uwevs samrevlo krebebs wevrTa arCevaSi; d) iZleva saWiro cnobebs
olqis dawesebulebaTa da mosamsaxure pirTa Sesaxeb, roca amas umaRlesi saeklesio dawesebulebani moiTxoven; e) zrunavs moawesrigos krebulis wevrTa Soris amtydari uTanxmoebani saZmo Semosavlisa da sazogadod sameurneo saqmeebis gamo, agreTve
amave xasiaTis uTanxmoebani krebulis wevrTa da samrevlo sabWoebs Soris da sxv.
SeniSvna: dawvrilebiTs instruqcias saolqo sabWoebisaTvis SeimuSavebs sakaTolikozo sabWo.
$23. samrevlo aris erTis sarwmunoebriv-zneobriobis mizniT,

urTierTis daxmarebis azriT, saeklesio meurneobiT, sakuTaris krebulis xelmZRvanelobiT, saerTo taZris garSemo Semokrebili da episkopozze kanoniurad damokidebuli morwmuneTa sazogadoeba.
samrevlo
SeniSvna: samrevlo iuridiul pirs warmoadgens.
$24. samrevlos gaxsna ar SeiZleba, ukeTu morwmuneTa ricxvi imdenad mcirea,

rom sakuTari taZrisa da krebulis Senaxva ar SeuZliaT. TviTeul samrevlos
uWiravs gansazRvruli teritoria, romlis sazRvrebi SeiZleba Seicvalos sxva
samrevloebTan SeTanxmebiT da saTanado saeklesio mTavrobis nebarTviT.
SeniSvna: qalaqebSi samrevloTaTvis teritoriuli principis dacva savaldebulo ar aris.
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$25. mrevlad iTvleba yoveli morwmune, romelic gansazRvruls samrevlos

ekuTvnis, Setanilia samrevlo wignSi da monawileobas iRebs yvela xarjebSi,
rasac samrevlo eweva.
SeniSvna: rodesac morwmunes erTi samrevlos teritoriidan meoresaSi uxdeba gadasvla
(mag: qalaqebSi), mas SeuZlia, Tu moisurvebs, winandeli samrevlos wevrad darCes.
$26. yovel samrevlos aqvs Tav isi sakuTreb a, rasac Seadgenen sxva dasxva
saxelwodebisa da daniSnulebis Tanxebi da maTi Semosavali, sanTlis mogeba,
taZarSi, samrevloSi an sxvagan Segrovili Semowiruloba, sasaflaos Semosavali, samrevlo da sakrebulo adgilmam uli da misi Semosav ali, yovelgvari
saganmanaTleblo da saqvelmoqmedo xasiaTis Semowiruleba, sakrebulo saxlebi,
taZari da misi samkauli, sasaflao da sxva. am sakuTrebas samrevlo ganagebs
Sesafer organoTa saSualebiT.
SeniSvna 1. taZari aris morwmuneTa samlocvelo Senoba, samrevlo, saeklesio, saxelmwifo
anu kerZo qvelmoqmedTa xarjiT agebuli. erTsa da imave samrevloSi SeiZleba iyos zedmiwerili taZari, romelSiac, Tu saWiroeba moiTxovs da mosaxerxebelic iqneba, sruldeba yovelgvari RvTismsaxureba.
SeniSvna 2. micvalebulTa dasamarxad samrevlos miCenili aqvs sagangebo adgili-sasaflao. samrevlos SeuZlia saflavebisaTvis gansazRvruli fasi daawesos, mxolod Raribebi
ufasod unda imarxeboden.
$27. rodesac samrevlo sabolood ixureba, misi qoneba gadadis saqarTvelos

eklesiis kuTvnilebad: Tu is sxva samrevlos miewera, imisi qoneba ukanasknelis
kuTvnilebad iqceva; xolo rodesac samrevlos romelime nawili damoukidebel
samrevlod gamoiyofa, imas saerTo qonebidan miecema dakmayofileba ZiriTadis
samrevlos gadawyvetilebisameber.
$28. samrevlos ganagebs samrevlo kreba, romelsac Seadgens yvela marTlmadidebeli qali da kaci (ara umcires 20-is wlisa), romelnic am samrevlos
sabuTebSi arian Cawerilni, rogorc wevrni samrevloQsa. kreba aris Cveulebrivi _
weliwadSi orjel da ara-Cveulebrivi _ saWiroebisamebr, samrevlo krebas iwvevs
samrevlo sabWo. kreba unda mowveul iqnas im SemTxvevaSic, roca amas moiTxovs ara
umcires samrevloQs 20-is srulwlovanis wevrisa. kreba TiTon irCevs Tavmjdomares da, Tu saWiroa, mdivansac. kreba kanonieria, ukeTu masze samrevloQs
yvela srulwlovan wevrTa mesamedi mainc gamocxaddeba, xolo Tu kreba pirvel
mowvevaze ar Sesdga, meored igi kanonieria, ramdeni wevric unda gamocxaddes.
$29. samrevlos krebis kompetencias ekuTvnis: a) arCeva krebulisa da samrevlo
sabWoQs wevrebisa da maTi kandidatebisa, agreTve samrevlos molarisa (uwindeli
mnaTisa); b) eklesiisa da krebulis SenaxvisaTvis zrunva; g) samarTalSi micema
samrevlo sabWoQs wevrebisa samsaxuris aRsrulebis dros uflebis aRmatebisa da
borotmoqmedebisaTvis; d) aRZrva saqmisa saolqo anu saeparqio sasamarTloebis
winaSe krebulis wevrTa Sesaxeb maTi uTanado moqmedebisa da cudi yofaqcevisaTvis;
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e) zrunva eklesiis ganSvenebisa da keTilmowyobisaTvis; v) zrunva samrevlos

sarwmunoebriv-zneobrivi srulyofisa da mis saganmanaTleblo-saqvelmoqmedo
dawesebulebaTaTvis; z) zrunva sakrebulo saxlisa da sasaflaosaTvis; H ) daniSvna
sarevizio komisiis wevrebisa samrevlo sabWos moqmedebisa da angariSis gansaxilvelad; T) arsebul samrevlos gayofis Sesaxeb Suamdgomlobis aRZvra; i) Suamdgomlobis aRZvra uZrav-moZravi qonebis SeZenisa da ganTvisebis Sesaxeb; ia) aReba
iseTis sesxisa, romelinic samrevlos Tviur Semosavals aRemateba; ib) Suamdgomlobis aRZvra taZris kapitalurad gadakeTebis Sesaxeb, roca trapezis aSlaa
saWiro; ig) arCeva delegatebisa saolqo krebisaTvis.
$30. samrevlo krebis aRmasrulebeli organo aris samrevlo sabWo, romelic
Sedgeba ara umcires eqvsisa da ara umetes Tormetis wevrisa, romelTac irCevs
samrevlo kreba sami wlis vadiT. samrevlo sabWos Tavmjdomareobs eklesiis
winamZRvari, xolo roca igi ar aris, maSin sabWo TviTon irCevs Tavmjdomares
Tvis Soris. sabWos sxdomebi imarTeba TveSi erTxel, xolo, Tu saWiroeba moiTxovs, ufro xSirad, saqmeebi wydeba ubralo xmis umetesobiT, xolo, roca xmebi
Tanabrad iyofa, maSin is azri upitaresobs, romelsac Tavmjdomare emxroba.
SeniSvna : sabWos wevrad, agreTve molared irCeva rogorc mamakaci, ise dedakaci.
$31. samrevlo sabWos kompetencia aris: a) eklesiis uZrav-moZravi qonebis

marTva-gamgeoba; b) yovelgvari statistikuri cnobis Sekreba, rasac ki samrevlos marTva-gamgeobisaTvis aqvs raime mniSvneloba; g) akrefa saeklesio gadasaxadisa mrevlSi da misi daniSnulebisamebr moxmareba; d) zrunva eklesiisa da krebulis Sesanax saSualebaTa gasaZliereblad; e) zrunva taZrisa da RvTismsaxurebis
keTil-mowyobisaTvis; v) zrunva qvriv-obolTa da gaWirvebulTaTvis qvelmoqmedebis wesiT; z) aRZvra saqmisa im pirTa winaaRmdeg, romelnic eklesiasa da
morwmuneTa sarwmunoebrivs grZnobas Selaxaven; H ) mowveva samrevlo krebisa da
winaswari damuSaveba im sakiTxebisa, romelic krebam unda ganixilos; T) gamgeoba
samrevlo sasaflaosi; i) samrevlo qonebisa da Tanxebis yovelTviuri Semowmeba;
ia) Tavisi moqmedebis wliuri angariSis Sedgena saolqo sabWosa da samrevlo
krebisaTvis warsadgenad.
SeniSvna : samrevlo sabWos aucilebeli wevria samrevlo molare (uwindeli mnaTe), romelic
awarmoebs wmida sanTlis operacias, iRebs samrevlo Tanxmebs da inaxavs sakredito dawesebulebebSi, awarmoebs Semosaval-gasavlis wignsa da adgens samrevlois Semosaval-gasavlis
wliur angariSs. molares irCevs samrevlo kreba sami wlis vadiT.
$32. krebuli. krebulis aucilebel wevrad iTvlebian: mRvdeli da wignismkiTxveli, xolo, sadac SeZlebaa, iq samrevlos diakonica (mTavari) hyavs.
SeniSvna 1. diakoni da wignis-mkiTxveli arian mxolod TanaSemweni mRvdlisa da uimisod
araviTari mRvdelmoqmedebis Sesruleba ar SeuZlianT samrevloSi.
SeniSvna 2. erTsa da imave samrevloSi ori mRvdlis yofna sasurveli ar aris; magram, Tu
amas moiTxovs samrevlos sidide da aucilebeli saWiroeba, samrevlos SeuZlia Tavis winamZRvars TanaSemwed meore mRvdeli misces.
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$33. mRvdeli. mRvdeli valdebulia: a) mudam Tavis mrevlSi scxovrobdes da

samrevlo ar dastovos, gansakuTrebiT roca iq raime moaruli seni gaCndeba da
roca samrevlos gansacdeli ram moelis; b) gansakuTrebul Tvalyurs adevnebdes
sakuTars yofaqcevas, rogorc sazogadoebaSi, ise Tavis saxlSi; g) aasrulos
sazogadoebrivi RvTismsaxureba dawesebul dros; d) mrevlis moTxovnilebisamebr
aasrulos saWiro mRvdelmoqmedeba; e) Tvalyuri adevnos taZrisa da saRvTismsaxuro sagnebis sisufTavesa da keTilSvenierebas; v) Tvalyuri adevnos mrevlSi saeklesio disciplinisa da zneobis dacvas; z) roca samsaxuris dros ama Tu im
sakiTxis Sesaxeb eWvi daebadeba, movalea axsna-ganmartebisaTvis saolqo an saeparqio sabWos mihmarTos; H) mis upirveles movaleobas Seadgens eklesiaSi qadageba da
sazogadod swavla-moZRvreba; T) mRvdeli movalea RvTismsaxurebis dros kaTolikozisa da Tavisi episkopozis saxeli moixsenios; i) agreTve movalea krebulis
sxva wevrTa saSualebiT saeklesio sabuTebi awarmoos; ia) Tavis samrevloSi mRvdels
ufleba aqvs sxvis mRvdels romlisame mRvdelmoqmedebis Sesrulebis neba ar misces.
$34. krebulis wevrebs irCevs samrevlo kreba, romelsac am SemTxvevaSi xelmZRvanelobas uwevs saolqo sabWo Tavisi warmomadgenlis SemweobiT. arCevis Semdeg
saolqo sabWos warmomadgeneli Seadgens saarCevno sigels, romelsac warudgens
saolqo sabWos, xolo es ukanaskneli Tavisi daskvniTurT saeparqio sabWos _
dasamtkiceblad. saeparqio sabWos ufleba aqvs samrevlos dasabuTebuli uari
uTxras da axali kandidatis arCeva mosTxovos. krebis mier meored arCeuli kandidati unda damtkicebul iqmnas sabWos mier.
$35. samRvdelo da sadiakvno kandidati unda iyos moqalaqeobrivad srulwlovani, xolo wignis mkiTxvelad SeiZleba ufro axalgazrdac airCes. fizikurad
samRvdelo da sadiakvno kandidati unda akmayofilebdes saeklesio kanonebis moTxovnilebas. rac Seexeba maT zneobriv TvisebaTa gamorkvevas, es mTlianad amomrCevelTa ndobisa da sindisis saqmea; samRvdelo kandidats unda hqondes miRebuli
saSualo sazogado ganaTleba da yovel SemTxvevaSi ara umcires sruli progimnaziuli ganaTlebisa. amave moTxovnilebas unda akmayofilebden, SeZlebisdagvarad,
sadiakvno kandidatebi da wignis mkiTxvelnic, romelTac unda icodnen RvTismsaxurebis wesebi da saeklesio sabuTebis warmoeba, rac windawinve (arCevamde) unda
iyos Semowmebuli romelsame saeparqio sabWosagan.
SeniSvna : wignis-mkviTxvelad SeiZleba arCeul iqmnes rogorc mamakaci, ise dedakaci.
$36. saqarTvelos eklesiis samarTals eqvemdebareba

am eklesiis yvela wevri iseT saqmeSi saeklesio swavla-moZRvrebisa, zneobriv
cxovrebisa, saeklesio wyobilebisa da saeklesio samsaxuris winaaRmdeg, romelTaTvisac saeklesio kanoniT dadgenilia gansazRvruli sasjeli anu zomebi zRvevisa da gasworebisa.
saeklesio samarTali
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$37. saeklesio samarTali gancalkevebulia saeklesio gamgeobisagan, e.i. aqvs

sakuTari organoebi, garda sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio krebisa, romelic
uzenaesi organoa rogorc gamgeobisa, ise samarTlisa eklesiaSi. am krebis garda
saeklesio samarTals aqvs kidev Semdegi organoebi: sakaTolikozo, saeparqio da
saolqo sasamarTloebi.
$38. gansakuTrebuli instituti saqmis gamomZieblisa ar arsebobs, aramed
sasamarTlo TviTon irCevs gamomZiebels Tavis wevrTagan TviToeul SemTxvevaSi.
ar arsebobs arc prokuroris Tanamdeboba, aramed sasamarTlos erT-erT wevrs
miendoba sabraldebo oqmis Sedgena da moxseneba; es wevri Semdeg monawileobas aRar
iRebs ganaCenis gamotanaSi.
SeniSvna: braldebuls neba aqvs sasamarTloSi damcveli (veqili) daixmaros, magram TviT
sasamarTlosTan damcvelis instituti ar arsebobs.
$39. saeklesi o samarT ali daxuruli ar a ris, saqm is garCevas gareSenic

eswrebian. ganaCens sasamarTlos wevrebi daadgenen Tavisi Sinaganis darwmunebis
Tanaxmad, da mxolod mas Semdeg, roca Semowmebul iqneba sasamarTloSi warmodgenili sabuTebi.
$40. yoveli saqme arsebiTad gadawydeba ors instanciaSi da mesame instancia
iqneba sakasacio. sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio krebis ganaCeni ki sabolovoa,
Tundac iq saqme pirvelis instanciiT wydebodes.
saolqo sasamarTlo $41. yovel saeklesio olqs aqvs erTi saolqo sasamarTlo, romlis Semadgenloba aseTia: Tavmjdomare _ usaTuod mRvdeli da oTxi
wevri, romelTac irCevs saolqo kreba sami wlis vadiT. igive kreba irCevs sasamarTlos wevrTa kandidatebsac.
SeniSvna: sasamarTlos wevrebi ganmeorebiTac SeiZleba arCeul iqmnen.
$42. saolqo sasamarTlos eqvemdebareba iseTi saqmeebi ($36), romelTaTvisac

saeklesio kanoniT dadgenilia SeniSvna da datuqsva.
$43. saeparqio sasamarTlos hyavs Tavmjdomare _
adgilobrivi mRvdelmTavari _ da eqvsi wevri, romelTac irCevs saeparqio kreba
sami wlis vadiT.
saeparqio sasamarTlo
SeniSvna 1. roca mRvdelmTavari ar aris, maSin sasamarTloSi Tavmjdomareobs erTi wevri

mRvdelTagani TviT sasamarTlos arCeviT.
SeniSvna 2. sasamarTlodan gasuli wevri SeiZleba xelmeored arCeul iqmnes. sasamarTlos
wevrebTan erTad saeparqio kreba irCevs maT kandidatebsac.
$44. saeparqio sasamarTlos eqvemdebarebian: a) danaSaulobani, romelTaTvisac

saeklesio kanoniT dadgenilia umZimesi zomebi: mRvdelmoqmedebis Sesrulebis akrZalva, samsaxuridan gadayeneba; b) agreTve saolqo sabWoebis wevrTa danaSaulobani
samsaxuris aRsrulebis dros; g) gasaCivrebuli saqmeebi saolqo sasamarTloebidan; d) ganqorwinebis saqme.
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$45. sakaTolikozo sasamarTlos hyavs Tavmjdomare _ kaTolikozi da rva wevri, arCeulni sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio
krebis mier xuTi wlis vadiT. roca saqme romelsame episkopozs Seexeba, maSin
saq mi s ga rCev a Si m onawileo ba s i Reben ga da m wyveti s xm iT yv ela sa ep arqi o
mRvdelmTavrebic.
sakaTolikozo sasamarTlo
SeniSvna 1. roca kaTolikozi ar aris, maSin sakaTolikozo sasamarTlos Tavmjdomareobs

kaTolikozis mosaydre.
SeniSvna 2. wevrebTan erTad saeklesio krebis mier airCeva maTi oTxi kandidatic.
$46. sakaTolikozo sasamarTlos eqvemdebareba: a) danaSaulobani, romelTaTvisac saeklesio kanoniT daniSnulia eklesiis wevrobidan gamoricxva; b) saeparqio
sabWoebis wevrTa da mRvdelmTavarTa danaSaulobani samsaxurSi; g) gansaCivrebuli
saqmeebi saeparqio sasamarTloebidan apelaciis wesiT da saolqo sasamarTloebidan kasaciis wesiT.
$47. uzenaesi saeklesio samarTali sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio krebis xelSia ($6 da $40), romelic aris pirveli da
saboloo msjavris damdebi organo sakaTolikozo sabWos da sakaTolikozo sasamarTlos wevrebisa. mas eqvemdebareba: a) kaTolikozisa da sakaTolikozo sabWos
da sasamarTlos wevrTa uTanado moqmedebani da danaSaulobani samsaxurSi. b)
gansaCivrebuli saqmeebi sakaTolikozo sasamarTlodan apelaciis wesiT, xolo
saeparqio sasamarTloebidan kasaciis wesiT.
uzenaesi saeklesio samarTali
gadmobeWdilia wignidan - debulebani, miRebuli saqarTvelos 1917 wlis saeklesio krebaze, tfilisi, stamba cxovreba, gabaanT Sesaxvevi, N4, 1917 w.
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saqarTvelos II saeklesio kreba (27.06.1920)

19 18 wli s 2 6 ma iss ga moc xad da
saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebriobis aRdgena, warmoiSva damoukidebeli `saqarTvelos respublika~. pirvel msoflio omSi
ruseTis imperiis marcxis Semdeg germaniisa da osmaleTis mxarem saqarTvelos
gavlenian partiebsa da erovnul sabWos
wauyena moTxovna-ultimatumi gamoecxadebinaT saqarTvelos damoukidebeli saxelmwifos daarseba, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi osmaleTi moaxdenda amierkavkasiis okupirebas (rusis jarma am droisaTvis datova amierkavkasia). amis gamo,
amierkavkasiis samma xalxma (qarTvelebma,
azerbaijanelebma da somxebma) gamoacxades TavianTi saxelmwifo damoukideblo ba.
saqa rTve loSi
sax elmw ifo
mmarTveloba Tavis xelSi aiRo im droisaTvis xalxSi popularulma socialdemokratiulma partiam, misma `menSevikurma~ frTam. es partia iqamde mudam
ibrZoda saqarTvelos damoukideblobis
winaaRmdeg, TavgamodebiT icavda èrTiani,
ganuyofeli ruseTis~ ideas,
SemTxve-
vis wyalobiT, menSevikuri partia moeqca im saxelmwifos saTaveSi, romlis

w a rm o S o b is w i n a a R m d e g a c i b r Z o d a
aTwleulebis manZilze. aman asaxva hpova
mis damokidebulebaSi qarTuli eklesiisadmi. cxadia, maT ver Seafases qarTuli eklesiis mniSvneloba.
amitomac, 1920 wlis 27 ivniss gamar Tulm a sa ekle sio kreb am i msje la
mTavrobis mier eklesiis mimarT gamotanili gadawyvetilebaTa Sesaxeb da aRniSna, rom didad ilaxeboda eklesiis da
morwmune eris interesebi.
II kreba Seexo eklesiis marTvagamge obis deb ulebas. k rebam ga auqma
T bi li s is s a mi tr o po li t o ka T ed ra ,
gaaerTiana mcxeTisa da Tbilisis eparqiebi, romelic Sevida kaTolikos-patriarqis iurisdiqciaSi.
kre bam Seimu Sava marT va-ga mgeo bis
ax al i de bu le ba ; ka To li ko z- pa tr ia rq a d d a am t k ic a u w mi d e si da u ne tar esi l eoni de.
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saqarTvelos eklesiis marTva-gamgeoba
debulebani
miRebuli sruliad saqarTvelos 1920 wlis saeklesio krebis mier
$1. marTva-gamgeobis mxriv saqarTvelos eklesia ganiyofeba eparqiebad, eparqiebi _ olqebad, xolo olqebi _ samrevloebad.
a) mcxeTisa da tfilisisa, romlis mwyemsTmTavari aris mTavarepiskopozi
mcxeTisa da tfilisisa da sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikoz-patriarqi. samwyso: saqarTvelos eklesiis wm. dedaqalaqi mcxeTa, orisave aragvisa da qsanlexuris xeobani, gare-qarTli da gare-kaxeTi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebis: mcxeTisa, wilknisa, nawili samTavisisa da samTavrosi, tfilisisa, manglisisa,
walkisa, dmanisisa, bolnisisa, winwyarosi, agarakisa, rusTavisa, kawareTisa da
ninowmidisa), rasac Seicavs exlandeli duSeTis mazra Semdegis cvlilebiT: dasavleTiT emateba qsan-lexuris xeobaTa qvemo-nawili vidre wlevis mTamde, tfilisis da borCalos mazrebi da bambakis xeoba. kaTedra eparqiisa aris mcxeTa
(sveticxovelSi), xolo kaTolikozis rezidencia - tfilisSi.
SeniSvna 1. kaTolikoz-patriarqis samwysos Seadgens saqarTvelos eklesiis wevrni, mcxovrebni sakaTolikozos gareT iseT qveynebSi, sadac marTlmadidebeli episkopozi ar aris, da
saqarTvelos mxedroba.
SeniSvna 2. kaTolikozis gardacvalebis Semdeg gamoiwveva erT-erTi mRvdelmTavari da
igi iwodeba kaTolikozis mosaydred, kaTolikozis arCevamde.
b) alaverdisa. samwyso: Sida-kaxeTi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebis: alaverdisa,
nekresisa da xarWaSenis), rasac Seicavs exlandeli Telavisa da TianeTis mazrebi

xarWiSos ubnis mimatebiT da amaT garda didoeT-durZukeTi, miwerili Tergisa da
daRestnis mxareebze. kaTedra _ alaverdSi, rezidencia mRvdelmTavrisa q. TelavSi.
pativi mRvdelmTavrisa aris - alaverdeli episkopozi (anu abba alaverdeli).
g) bodbisa. samwyso: hereTi, rani, Saqi da wuqeTi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: bodbisa, Weremisa, giSisa da xoranabujisa), rasac Seadgens exlandeli mazrebi
da olqebi _ siRnaRisa, zaqaTalisa, samurisa, nuxisa, areSisa, ganjisa da yazaxisa. kaTedra - bodbeSi, rezidencia mRvdelmTa vrisa _ q. siRnaRSi. pativi
d) urbnisisa. samwyso: Sida-qarTli (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: urbnisis,
ruisis, niqozisa, nawili samTavisisa da samTavrosi), rasac Seicavs exlandeli
269
goris mazra, garda borjomis xeobisa, da amas garda dvaleTi, miwerili Tergis
mxareze. kaTedra _ urbnisSi, rezidencia mRvdelmTavrisa _ q. gorSi. mRvdelmTavris
pativi: urbneli episkopozi.
e) awyurisa. samwyso: samcxe, javaxeTi da zemo-somxeTi (teritoria Zveli
eparqiebisa: awyuris, wurwyabis, kumurdosi, eruSeTis, dadaSenis, wyarosTavis,
anisis, karisa da alaSkertis), rasac Seadgens exlandeli axalcixis mazra _
borjomis xeobis mimatebiT, axalqalaqis mazra, artaanis olqi, yarsis olqi,
yaRzevanis olqi, gumbris mazra da amaT garda ori olqi osmaleTis samzRvrebSi
_ basiani da alaSkerti. kaTedra mRvdelmTavrisa _ awyverSi (droebiT zarzmaSi),
rezidencia q. axalcixeSi. mRvdelmTavris pativi - mawyvereli episkopozi.
v) quTaisisa. samwyso: qvemo-imereTi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: quTaisisa
da xonis), - exlandeli quTaisis mazra md. wyalwiTelas qvemod. kaTedra _
quTaisSi da mwyemsmTavris rezidencia iqve. mwyemsmTavris pativi aris - quTaTeli mitropoliti.
z) genaTisa. samwyso: zemo-imereTi (teritoria genaTis Zveli eparqiisa), exla ndeli So ra p ni s m a zra da o kri b a m d. wya lwi T ela s zem o d. ka T edra
mRvdelmTavrisa _ gelaTSi, rezidencia _ q. zestafonSi. mRvdelmTavris pativi:
genaTeli episkopozi.
H ) nikorwmidisa. samwyso: raWa (teritoria nikorwmidis Zveli eparqiisa), exlandeli raWis mazra. kaTedra _ nikorwmidaSi, rezidencia mRvdelmTavrisa _
onSi. pativi mRvdelmTavrisa: nikorwmideli episkopozi.
T) cagerisa. samwyso: leCxum-svaneTi (teritoria _ cageris Zveli eparqiisa),
- exlandeli leCxumis mazra. kaTedra _ cagerSi. mRvdelmTavris rezidencia _
iqve. pativi mRvdelmTavrisa: cagereli episkopozi.
i) Wyondidisa. samwyso: odiSi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: Wyondidis,
caiSisa da walenjixisa) , exlandeli senakisa da zugdidis mazreb i. kaT edra
mwyemsmTavrisa _ martvilSi, rezidencia _ q. foTSi. pativi mwyemsmTavrisa aris
- Wyondideli mitropoliti.
ia) baTom-Semoqmedisa. samwyso: guria, tao-klarjeTi da WaneTi (teritoria
Zveli eparqiebisa: xinowmidisa _ imave baTomisa, Semoqmedisa, jumaTisa, satrapelasi, tbeTisa, anCisa, iSxanisa da banisa), rasac Seicavs saqarTvelos respublikis sazRvrebSi _ exlandeli ozurgeTis mazra, baTomis, arTvinis da olTisis
olqebi, xolo osmaleTis sazRvrebSi _ olqebi: TorTomi, kiskimi, ispiri, rize,
aTina da xofa. kaTedra mRvdelmTavrisa _ q. baTomSi da rezidencia iqve. pativi
mRvdelmTavrisa: baTomel-Semoqmedeli episkopozi.
SeniSvna: sanam guriis eparqiaSi sakuTari mRvdelmTavari dainiSnebodes exlandel guriasamegrelos episkoposs ewodos Wyondidel-Semoqmedeli.
270
ib) cxum-afxazeTisa (teritoria Zveli eparqiebis: drandisa _ imave cxumis,

bediisa, moqvisa da biWvinTisa). exlandeli soxumis olqi gagris ubnis mimatebiT.
kaTedra mRvdelmTavrisa cxumSi (soxumSi), rezidencia _ iqve. mRvdelmTavris
pativi aris - cxumel-afxazeli mitropoliti.
SeniSvna 1. mitropolitebi pativiT episkopozebze maRla dganan. samitropolito kaTedrebi ierarqiulad Tanasworni arian, agreTve saepiskopozo kaTedrebi. mwyemsmTavarni pativdebul iqmnebian xeldasxmis (qirotoniis) uxucesobis mixedviT.
ekuTvnis.
$3. saqarTvelos eklesias ganagebs saqarTvelos saeklesio

kreba, romelsac Seadgens or-ori warmomadgeneli TiTo olqisagan. amaTgan erTi
ueWvelad samRvdelo pirTagani unda iyves, xolo meore eklesiis srulwlovan
wevrTagan, ganurCevlad sqesisa, Tanamdebobisa da xarisxisa (SeiZleba sasuliero
piri iyves).
amaT garda saeklesio krebis aucilebel wevrebad iTvlebian yvela mmarTveli
mRvdelTmTavrebi, sakaTolikozo sabWos wevrebi, TviTeul eparqiiTgan TiTo warmomadgeneli dedaTa da mamaTa monastrebisa, da TiTo warmomadgeneli sasuliero
umaRles da saSualo saswavlebelTagan da tfilisis saxelmwifo universitetisagan.
mTavari gamgeoba
SeniSvna 1. avadmyofobis dros mRvdelTmTavars ufleba aqvs wargzavnos krebazed Tavisi

warmomadgeneli.
SeniSvna 2. delegatad arCeul unda iqmnas saeroTagan iseTi piri, romelic sam ukanasknel
weliwadSi erTxel mainc ziarebula, xolo samRvdeloTagan, romelic weliwadSi orjer ityvis
aRsarebas Tavis moZRvarTan, da romelTac sasamarTlos mier ar aqvT CamorTmeuli anu SezRuduli sazogado krebaze daswrebis ufleba.
SeniSvna 3. delegats saolqo krebis wevrni irCeven Tvis Soris.
SeniSvna 4. delegatad ar SeiZleba arCeul iqmnas mRvdlis xarisxisagan gandgomili an gankveTili.

roca igi ar aris, misi mosaydre, da Tu mosaydrec ar aris, erT-erTi mRvdelmTavari krebis arCeviT. krebave airCevs prezidiumis danarCen wevrebsa da mdivnebs.
kreba aris perioduli, weliwadSi erTxel, da mudmivi _ sakaTolikozo sabWos
saxeliT. periodul krebas iwvevs kaTolikozi, an misi mosaydre. kreba kanonieria,
Tu mowveulTa naxevari mainc gamocxaddeba.
$5. saqarTvelos eklesiis periodul krebis kompetencias eqvemdebareba: a) adgilobrivi saeklesio kanonmdebloba; b) uzenaesi saeklesio samarTali; g) sabolood garCeva da gadawyveta im saqmeebisa, romelTac mas sakaTalikozo sabWo
warmoudgens; d) arCeva sakaTolikozo sabWos, anu mudmivi krebis wevrebisa da maTi
kandidatebisa; e) Zveli kaTedrebis aRdgena, axali eparqiebis gaxsna an arsebul
eparqiaTa daxurva da sazRvrebis gamijvna; v) zrunva sasuliero saswavlebelTa
daarsebisa da nivTierad uzrunvelyofisaTvis.
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$6. mudmivi kreba anu sakaTalikozo sabWo Sesdgeba yvela mmarTvel mRvdelTmTavarTagan da eqvsi wevrisagan. sabWos wevrebi da maTi eqvsi kandidati aRirCevian
saeklesio krebis mier, rogorc delegatTa, ise ara delegatTagan. naxevari arCeuli wevrebisa da maTi kandidatebisa uTuod samRvdelo pirni unda iyvnen.
SeniSvna: kaTalikoz-patriarqi da sabWos wevrebi pasuxismgebelni arian periodul krebis winaSe.
$7. sabWos wevrni, agreTve maTi kandidatebi aRirCevian saeklesio krebis mier
sami wlis vadiT da SeuZlianT xel-axla arCeul iqmnan. sabWos Tavmjdomareobs
kaTolikoz-patriarqi, xolo roca is avad aris an sxvagan sadmea uxucesi samRvdelo piri.
SeniSvna: periodul krebas aqvs sabWos arCeuli wevri ganaTavisuflos samsaxuriTgan vadis gaTavebamdec.
$8. sabWos sxdoma kanonieria, Tu mas daeswreba Tavmjdomare da tfilisSi myof

wevrTa naxevari.
SeniSvna: mmarTvelni mRvdelmTavarni sabWos sxdomebze gamoiwvevian saWiroebisdagvarad.
$9. sabWoSi sakiTxi ubralo xmis umetesobiT swydeba, xolo roca xmebi Tanabrad
iyofa, maSin is azri upiratesobs, romelsac Tavmjdomare emxroba.
$10. sabWos wevrT ar aqvT ufleba Tavi Seikavon xmis micemisagan.
$11. Tu romelime wevri moisurvebs kerZo azris Setanas, movalea gamosTqvas
igi TviT sxdomazed, da ara ugvianes sami dRisa warudginos werilobiT sxdomis
Tavmjdomares, JurnalSi Sesatanad, anu dasarTvelad.
SeniSvna: kerZo azri ver SeaCerebs miRebuli ganCinebis sisruleSi moyvanas.
$12. saqmeebis ganxilvis rigs awesebs Tavmjdomare.

$13. sakiTxis aRZvris ufleba aqvs sabWos yvela wevrs, am uflebis gansaxorcieleblad saWiroa werilobiTi gancxadebis Setana kaTolikoz-patriarqis saSualebiT, romelic movalea aRniSnuli gancxadeba gadasces gansaxilvelad sabWos
umaxlobels krebas.
$14. kaTolikoz-patriarqs ar aqvs ufleba, moxsnas Tavis gankargulebiT sakiTxi rigisagan, xeli SeuSalos ganCinebis gamotanas dasmul sakiTxze, an SeaCeros
ganCinebis sisruleSi moyvana.
$15. kaTolikoz-patriarqi, Tu dainaxavs, rom sabWos mier gamotanili ganCineba mavnebeli da sazianoa sarwmunoebriv-zneobrivi mxriT eklesiis keTildReobisaTvis, - SeuZlia ganacxados protesti da samis dRis ganmavlobaSi Seitanos
sabWoSi werilobiTi winadadeba sakiTxis gadasinjvisaTvis. es winadadeba sabWom
unda ganixilos ara ugvianes Svidi dRisa (sxdomas unda daeswros tfilisSi myof
wevrTa ori mesamedi mainc) da Tu am sxdomaze gamotanili ganCinebac ver gaiziara
kaTolikozma, ukanasknels SeuZlia an SeaCeros saqmis warmoeba, an gadasces igi
gansaxilvelad umaxlobeles periodul krebas, an sisruleSi moiyvanos Tavisi
winadadeba perioduli krebis winaSe piradis pasuxismgeblobiT.
SeniSvna: am gvari protestis ufleba aqvs mxolod kaTolikoz-patriarqs.
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$16. roca sabWoSi irCeva saCivari Tavmjdomaris anu sabWos wevris ukanono
moqmedebaTa gamo, dainteresebul pirs neba aqvs darCes darbazSi saqmis moxsenebis
dros da miawodos sabWos saWiro ganmarteba, magram, roca sabWo Seudgeba ganCinebis gamotanas, ueWvelad unda dastovos darbazi.
SeniSvna: roca saCivari exeba Tavmjdomaris (kaTolikozis) ukanono moqmedebas, sabWos
Tavmjdomareobs uxucesi damswre mRvdelTmTavarTagan.
$17. sabWos ganCinebas xels awers yvelazed uwin Tavmjdomare da mas ukan yvela
im sxdomaze damswre wevri, miuxedavad imisa, Tanaxma iyo igi gamotanili ganCinebisa, Tu ara.
$18. sabWos wevrTa Soris saqmeTa ganawileba da maTi warmoebis wesi xdeba
sabWosve ganCinebiT. Tu romelime wevri ar asrulebs Tavis movaleobas da xels
uSlis saqmis normalurad warmoebas, sakaTolikozo sabWos eZleva ufleba misi
gadayenebisa da mis adgilzed kandidatis mowvevisa. amis Sesaxeb sakaTolikozo
sabWo valdebulia, moaxsenos morig saeklesio krebas, msjavris dasadebad.
$19. sakaTalikozo sabWos samsaxuris mxriT eqvemdebarebian rogorc mRvdelmTavarni da sasuliero pirni, agreTve saeklesio dawesebulebani da maTSi mosamsaxureni, xolo sarwmunoebisa da saeklesio disciplinis mxriT yoveli wevri saqarTvelos eklesiisa. sabWos dadgenilebani savaldebuloa yvela saeklesio dawesebulebaTa da eklesiis wevrTaTvis; imaTi Secvla SeuZlia mxolod sabWos da periodul
krebas. sakaTolikozo sabWo Tavisi funqciebis aRsrulebis dros xelmZRvanelobs
saRmrTo weriliT, msoflio da adgilobrivi (maT Soris saqarTvelos eklesiis)
krebaTa dadgenilebiT da saxelmwifoSi moqmed kanonmdeblobiT. sakaTolikozo
sabWos aqvs damxmare organoebi, kancelaria da sxva.
$20. sakaTolikozo sabWos anu mudmiv krebas eqvemdebareba Semdegi saqmeebi: a) zrunva
saeklesio swavla-moZRvrebisa da qarTuli RvTismetyvelebis ayvavebisa da Seuryvnelad dacvisaTvis; b) zrunva samwysoTa sarwmunoebriv-zneobrivi warmatebisaTvis; g) saWiroebaTa mixedviT arsebul kanonTa farglebSi gankargulebis gamocema
da droebiT, morig saeklesio krebamde, cxovrebaSi misi gatareba; d) Tvalyuris
devneba mis qveviT mdgom pirTa da dawesebulebaTa moqmedebisa; e) zrunva monasterTa, taZarTa, saqvelmoqmedo da saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebaTa keTilmowyobisaTvis; v) ganxilva da saTanado dawesebulebaTa winaSe Suamdgomlobis aRZvra
monasterTa, eklesiaTa, saqvelmoqmedo da samoswavlo-saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebaTa daarsebis Sesaxeb; z) saTanado saxelmwifo dawesebulebaTa da Tanamdebobis pirTa winaSe saeklesio saqmeTa gamo Suamdgomlobis aRZvra; H) zrunva samRvdeloebis qonebrivad uzrunvelyofisaTvis; T) zrunva samsaxuriTgan gasul samRvdelo pirTa, saeklesio dawesebulebaTa moxeleTa da samRvdelobis qvriv-obolTaTvis; i) zrunva saRmrTo da saeklesio-saRvTismsaxuro wignTa Sedgenisa,
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Sesworebisa da gamocemisaTvis; ia) mRvdelmTavarTa, Tanaxmad maTis moTxovnisa,

samsaxuriTgan ganTavisufleba; ib) reviziis daniSvna sxvadasxva saWiroebaTa da
SemTxvevaTa gamo; ig) eparqiebisa da saeklesio dawesebulebaTa xarjTaRricxvis
ganxilva-damtkiceba; id) saeparqio dawesebulebaTa wliuri angariSebis ganxilva
da mTeli sakaTolikozoQs wliuri angariSis Sedgena perioduli krebisaTvis warsadgenad; ie) saeklesio uZrav qonebaTa SeZena-ganTvisebis damtkiceba; iv) sabolood garCeva apelaciis da kasaciis wesiT saeparqio sasamarTloTagan Semosul
saqmeTa; iz) nebarTva sakaTolikozos eklesiebSi nebayoflobiTi Sewirulebis saqvelmoqmedo mizniT Sekrebisa; i H) sxva avtokefalur eklesiebTan urTierTobis daWera;
iT) winaswari muSaoba periodul krebis mowvevisaTvis da agreTve am krebaze gansaxilvel sakiTxTa damuSaveba da masalebis Sekreba; k) xelmZRvaneloba kaTolikozis arCevnebisa; ka) micema droebiTis Tavisuflebisa, erT Tveze metis vadiT,
episkopozebisa, sakaTalikozo sabWos wevrebis da sabWoQs damxmare organoTa
gamgeTaTvis; kb) zrunva galob is aRdgena-gamSv enebisaT vis; kg) zrunva saarqeologio naSTTa dacvisaTvis; kd) zrunva uepiskoposod darCenil eparqiaTaTvis;
ke) danaSaulobani, romelTaTvis saeklesio kanoniT daniSnulia eklesiis wevrTagan gamoricxva da mRvdlis xarisxiTgan gankveTa; kv) saeparqio sasamarTlos
wevrTa da mRvdelmTavarTa danaSaulobani samsaxurSi.
mTava repiskop ozi mcxeTisa da tfilisisa da sruli ad saqarTveloQs kaTolikoz-patriarqi, romelsac irCevs saqarTvelos eklesiis perioduli kreba,
faruli xmis micemiT.
SeniSvna: sakaTolikozo kandidatisaTvis berobis miReba savaldebulo ar aris. fizikurisa
da zneobrivis mxriT, igi unda akmayofilebdes saeklesio kanonTa moTxovnilebas da unda
$22. kaTolikoz-patriarqis kompetencia aseTia: a) is Tavmjdomareobs sruliad

saqarTvelos saeklesio periodul da mudmiv krebas; b) mwyemsmTavrulad mimoixilavs sakaTolikozos eparqiebs da xelmZRvanelobas uwevs episkopozebs saeparqio
marTva-gamgeobaSi; g) mis saxels ixsenieben wirva-locvis dros sakaTolikozos
mRvdelmTavarni da samRvdeloeba; d) igi aZlevs droebiTs Tavisuflebas episkopozebs, sakaTalikozo sabWos wevrebs da sabWos damxmare organoTa gamgeebs ara
umetes erTi Tvisa weliwadSi, xolo saeparqio marTva-gamgeobis meTaurebs organoTa da sasamarTlos wevrebs ori Tvidan da mets; e) agreTve aZlevs daTxovnis sigelebs im episkopozebs, romelnic droebiT eparqiiTgan sxvagan sadme
midian; v) iRebs saCivars episkopozTa, sakaTolikozo sabWos wevrTa, saeparqio
krebaTa da saeparqio dawesebulebaTa (sasamarTlos) Sesaxeb da aZlevs am saCivrebs
kanonier msvlelobas; z) saWiro SemTxvevaSi, sabWos mindobilobiT, is aZlevs
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rCevas da mwyemsmTavrul SeniSvnas episkopozebsa da saeparqio sasamarTloQs Tavmjdomareebsa da wevrebs; H) sabWosave mindobilobiT imas miwer-mowera aqvs sxva
avtokefalur eklesiebTan da saxelmwifos umaRles dawesebulebebTan; i) moiwvevs
saeklesio periodul krebas.
$23. episkopozi. saeparqio mmarTvelobaSi saeklesio krebis funqciebis ganmasaxierebeli ari s misi wevri, - adgilobrivi
mRvdelmTavari, romelsac marTva-gamgeobaSi daxmarebas uwevs saeparqio kreba.
$24. saepiskopozo kandidati aRirCevis saeparqio krebis mier. saepiskopozo
kandidats unda hqondes miRebuli umaRlesi ganaTleba da Sesaferisi saRvTismetyvelo momzadeba, xolo ukidures SemTxvevaSi ara umcires saSualo saRvTismetyvelo ganaTlebisa; fizikurad da zneobrivad unda akmayofilebdes saeklesio
kanonTa moTxovnilebas.
SeniSvna 1. saepiskopozo kandidatisaTvis berad Sedgoma savaldebulo ar aris.

SeniSvna 2. saepiskopozo kandidatis arCeva xdeba Semdegi wesiT: kandidatis dasaxeleba
SeuZlia daqvrivebuli eparqiis yovelsave wevrs. eparqiis daqvrivebisagan sami Tvis gadasvlamdis, dasaxelebul kandidatTa sias eparqiis droebiTi mmarTveli mRvdelTmTavari warudgens saTanado cnobebis TandarTviT kaTolikoz-patriarqs. kandidatTa sias ixilavs mmarTvel
episkopozTa krebuli (sami unda ueWvelad daeswros piradad, xolo danarCenTagan gamoiTxovebis saTanado gramata). episkopozTa krebulisagan ganxiluli sia waregzavneba eparqiis
droebiT mmarTvel episkopozs krebisaTvis gadasacemad. yvela kandidats kenWi eyreba calcalke. arCeulad iTvleba is, vinc yvelaze mets kenWs miiRebs, magram ara umcires delegatTa
naxevrisa, arCeul kandidats amtkicebs sakaTolikozo sabWo.
SeniSvna 3. Tu saeparqio krebam saepiskozo kandidati ar airCia, maSin mRvdelTmTavari
iniSneba sakaTolikozo sabWos mier.
$25. episkopozis kompetencias ekuTvnis: a) sruli ufleba mTels eparqiaSi swavla-moZRvrebisa; b) ufleba yovelgvaris mRvdelmoqmedebis Sesrulebisa; g) zrunva,
raTa mis eparqiaSi morwmuneni saRs saeklesio swavlebas icavdnen da ganmtkicebuliyvnen keTil zneobaSi; d) Tvalyuris devneba samonastro saeklesio qonebaTa
marTva-gamgeobisa eparqiaSi; e) ganxilva saolqo krebebis ganCinebaTa; v) Tvalyuris devneba yvela saeklesio dawesebulebaTa da saeklesio Tanamdebobis pirTa
moqmedebisa eparqiaSi; z) sabolood ganxilva da gadaWra sakiTxisa axali olqebis
gaxsnis an arsebul olqTa Semcirebisa, gind gayofisa da gadamijvnisa eparqiis
farglebSi; H) ufleba krebulis wevrTa adgilzed arCeul kandidatis damtkicebisa; T) sarwmunoebriv saqmeSi masze damokidebulni arian eparqiis yvela wevrebi;
i) mis saxels aRavlens wirva-locvis dros mTeli eparqiis samRvdeloeba; ia) is
aZlevs droebiTs Tavisuflebas, ara umetes oris Tvisa, saeparqio dawesebulebebSi
mosamsaxureT da krebulis wevrTa; ib) berobisa da sasuliero wodebiTgan ganTavisufleba.
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episkopozi valdebulia: a) daemorCilos saeklesio kanonebsa da mTavar saeklesio mmrTvelobis mier kanonierad gamocemul dadgenilebaTa, xolo roca ama
Tu im saeklesio kanonisa an dadgenilebis Sesaxeb gaugebroba rame daebadeba, gansamarteblad mTavar saeklesio mTavrobas mihmarTos; b) cxoveli kavSiri iqonios
daemorCilos periodul da mudmiv saeklesio krebas; d) mTavari saeklesio mTavrobis
daiwyos ra; z) pativiscemiT epyrobodes sxva mRvdelmTavrebs; H ) saeparqio krebaze gansaxilveli sakiTxebi winaswar gadaugzavnos saolqo krebis Tavmjdomares;
T) gasces iseTi dokumentebi, romelnic morwmuneTa moqalaqeobriv mdgomareobas
Seexebian; i) Seadginos wliuri angariSebi saeparqio krebisa da sakaTolikozo
sabWosaTvis warsadgenad.
$26. saeparqio kreba. eparqiis mRvdelmTavars marTva-gamgeobaSi daxmarebas
uwevs saeparqio kreba.
$27. saeparqio kreba orgvaria, - Cveulebrivi weliwadSi erTxel, da araCveulebrivi, saWiroebisdagvarad.
$28. saeparqio kreba Sesdgeba TviTeuli or-oris warmomadgenlisagan, romelTagan erTi ueWvelad samRvdelo piri unda iyves.
SeniSvna 1. delegatad arCeva SeiZleba mxolod iseTi pirisa, romelic sam ukanasknel
weliwadSi erTxel mainc ziarebula da romelsac sasamarTlos mier ar aqvs CamorTmeuli anu
SezRuduli sazogado krebaze daswrebis ufleba. samRvdeloTagan delegatad airCeva iseTi
piri, romelic weliwadSi orjer mainc ityvis aRsarebas Tavis moZRvarTan.
SeniSvna 2. warmomadgenelad ar SeiZleba arCeva mRvdlis xarisxiTgan gandgomilisa, an
gankveTilisa.
SeniSvna 3. warmomadgenels olqis krebis wevrni irCeven Tvis Soris.
SeniSvna 4. krebis ueWvelni wevrni arian saeparqio sasamarTlos wevrni da TiTo warmomadgenelni eparqiis berTa da monazonTa.
$29. krebas Tavmjdomareobs adgilobrivi mRvdelmTavari. Tu is ar aris, kreba

TviTon irCevs Tavmjdomares samRvdelo pirTa Soris. krebave irCevs prezidiumis
danarCen wevrebs da mdivnebs. kreba kanonieria, Tu masze gamocxadda ara umcires
mowveulTa naxevrisa.
$30. saeparqio krebis uflebas Seadgens a) saeparqio sasamarTlos wevrTa da
maTi kandidatebis arCeva; b) Tval-yuris devneba saeparqio cxovrebisa da saeparqio dawesebulebaTa moqmedebisa; g) zrunva saeklesio, samoswavlo da saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebaTa daarsebisa, gaumjobesebisa da nivTier saSualebaTa gamonaxvisaTvis eparqiaSi; d) zrunva galobis gaumjobesebisaTvis da agreTve zrunva siZveleTa dacvisaTvis.
SeniSvna: saepiskoposo krebis ganCineba Sedis ZalaSi, Tu mas emxroba adgilobrivi
mRvdelmTavari, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, sakiTxi gadaecema sakaTolikozo sabWos.
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$31. olqs saeparqio mTavrobis xelmZRvanelobiT

ganagebs olqis mTavaruxucesi, romelic aRirCevis olqis krebis mier samRvdelo
pirTagan samis wlis vadiT, damtkiceba ki damokidebulia saeparqio mTavrobaze.
saolqo mmarTveloba
SeniSvna: mTavaruxucess hyavs TanaSemwe, Tu amas saWirod dainaxavs saolqo kreba. TanaSemwe aRirCevis krebis mier imave wesiT, rogorc mTavaruxucesi.
$32. mTavaruxucesi adgens : a) saolqos wliur angariSs, romelsac warudgens
saolqo krebasa da saeparqio mTavrobas b) winaswar daamuSavebs sakiTxebs, romelic saolqo krebas unda waredginos gansaxilvelad; g) xelmZRvanelobas uwevs
sam revlo krebebs krebulis wev rT a arCev nebSi; d) i Zlev a sa Wiro cnob eb s
olq is da weseb uleba Ta da mosa msaxure p irTa Sesaxeb, roca a mas umaRlesi
saeklesio dawesebulebani moiTxoven; e) zrunavs moawesrigos krebulis wevrTa Soris amtydari uTanxmoebani saZmo Semosavlisa da sazogadod sameurneo
saq m eeb is ga mo , a greT ve am a ve xa sia Ti s uT anxmo eba ni kreb ulis wev rT a da
samrevlo sabWoebs Soris da sxva; v) aZlevs krebulis wevrTa Tavisuflebas
ara umetes oris kvirisa.
$33. saeklesio olqSi Sedis aTidan ocda xuT samrevlomde, adgilobrivis
pirobebis mixedviT.
$34. olqis kreba Sesdgeba olqis krebulTa yvela wevrisagan da TviTeul
samrevlo sabWos imodena warmomadgenelTagan, ramdenic wevria krebulSi.
$35. saolqo kreba kanonieria, Tu maszed gamocxadda olqis samrevloTa umravlesobis warmomadgenelni.
$36. krebas Tavmjdomareobs olqis mTavaruxucesi, an misi TanaSemwe.
$37. saolqo kreba aris Cveulebrivi, weliwadSi erTxel da araCveulebrivi _
saWiroebisadagvarad.
$38. saolqo krebis kompetencias ekuTvnis a) arCeva delegatebisa saeparqio da
periodul saeklesio krebisaTvis, da mTavaruxucesisa da misi TanaSemwisa; b) zrunva
samrevloebSi saeklesio cxovrebis mowesrigebisa da warmatebisaTvis; g) zrunva
qvriv-obol-gaWirvebulTaTvis, da sazogadod saqvelmoqmedo saqmis mowyoba olqSi;
d) mTavaruxucesis angariSis ganxilva; e) Suamdgomlobis aRZvra da mosazrebaTa
wardgena Sesaxeb axlis samrevloebis daarsebisa, arsebul samrevloTa gayofisa da
Semcirebisa; v) sasyidlis daniSvna mTavaruxucesisaTvis.
SeniSvna: saolqo krebis ganCinebani waredgineba saeparqio mTavrobas, romelzedac damokidebulia maTi damtkiceba.

urTierTis daxmarebis azriT, saeklesio meurneobiT, sakuTaris moZRvris xelmZRvsamrevlo
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anelobiT, saerTo taZris garSemo Semokrebili da episkopozze kanoniurad damokidebuli morwmuneTa sazogadoeba.
SeniSvna: samrevlo iuridiul pirs warmoadgens.

samrevloebTan SeTanxmebiT da saTanado saeparqio mTavrobis nebarTviT.
SeniSvna 1. qalaqebSi samrevloTaTvis teritoriuli principis dacva savaldebulo ar
aris.
SeniSvna 2. rodesac morwmunes erTi samrevlos teritoriidan meoresaSi uxdeba gadasvla
(mag: qalaqebSi), mas SeuZlia, Tu moisurvebs, winandeli samrevlos wevrad darCes.

ekuTvnis, Setanilia samrevlo davTarSi da monawileobas iRebs yvela xarjebSi,
$42. yovel samrevlos aqvs Tavisi sakuTreba, rasac Seadgenen sxvadasxva saxelwodebisa da daniSnulebis Tanxebi da maTi Semosavali, sanTlis mogeba, taZarSi, samrevloSi
an sxvagan Segrovili Semowiruloba, sasaflaos Semosavali, samrevlo da sakrebulo
adgilmamuli da misi Semosavali, yovelgvari saganmanaTleblo da saqvelmoqmedo
xasiaTis Semowiruloba, sakrebulo saxlebi, taZari da misi samkauli, sasaflao da
sxva. am sakuTrebas samrevlo ganagebs Sesafer organoTa saSualebiT.
SeniSvna 1. samrevlos Semosavali unda moxmardes mxolod saeklesio-sarwmunoebriv saWiroebas, adgilobrivi mRvdelmTavris nebarTviT.
SeniSvna 2. taZari aris morwmuneTa samlocvelo Senoba, samrevlo, saeklesio, saxelmwifo anu kerZo qvelmoqmedTa xarjiT agebuli. erTsa da imave samrevloSi SeiZleba iyos
zedmiwerili taZari, romelSiac, Tu saWiroeba moiTxovs da mosaxerxebelic iqmneba, sruldeba
yovelgvari RvTismsaxureba.
SeniSvna 3. micvalebulTa dasamarxad samrevlos miCenili aqvs sagangebo adgili - sasaflao. samrevlos SeuZlia saflavebisaTvis gansazRvruli fasi daawesos, mxolod Raribebi
ufasod unda imarxeboden.
SeniSvna 4. qalaqebis sazogado sasaflaoebis marTva-gamgeoba eqvemdebareba saeparqio
mTavrobas, romelsac ekuTvnis sasaflaoebis gasyidvisagan Semosuli fulis gamgeblobac.
$43. rodesac samrevlo sabolood ixureba, misi qoneba gadadis saqarTvelos

eklesiis kuTvnilebad; Tu is sxva samrevlos miewera, imisi qoneba ukanasknelis
kuTvnilebad iqceva; xolo rodesac samrevlos romelime nawili damoukidebel
samrevlod gamoiyofa, imas saerTo qonebidan miecema dakmayofileba ZiriTadis
samrevlos gadawyvetilebisamebr.
$44. samrevlos ganagebs saeparqio mTavrobis xelmZRvanelobis qveSe eklesiis
winamZRvari, samrevlo krebis da samrevlo sabWos daxmarebiT.
$45. samrevlo krebas Seadgens yevla marTlmadidebeli qali da kaci (ara
umcires 20-is wlisa), romelnic am samrevlos sabuTebSi arian Cawerilni rogorc
wevrni samrevloQsa.
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$46. ufleba samrevlo krebaSi monawileobis miRebisa gadamwyvetis xmiT aqvT

a) krebulis wevrT da b) yvela srulwlovan marTlmadidebel qalsa da kacs (ara
umcires ocis wlisa), romelnic am samrevlos sabuTebSi arian Cawerilni, rogorc
wevrni samrevloQsa, gamonaklisi aRniSnulia qvemore muxlSi.
$47. samrevlo krebaze monawileobis miRebis ufleba ar aqvT im pirT a) romelnic
daarRveven wesierebas taZarSi, agreTve samrevlo krebaze, b) romelTac ar SemoaqvT samrevlo gadasaxadebi (Tu isini samrevlo krebis mier ganTavisuflebulni
ar arian, rogorc Raribebi, gadasaxadisagan), g) romelnic sams ukanasknel weliwadSi arc erTxel ar ziarebulan, d) romelnic javrdauwerelad scxovroben
meuRleebTan da e) romelTac samis wlisaze metis xnis Svili hyavT mounaTlavi.
$48 kreba aris Cveulebrivi _ weliwadSi orjel da araCveulebrivi _ saWiroebisamebr. samrevlo krebas iwvevs da Tavmjdomareobs eklesiis winamZRvari. kreba
unda mowveul iqnas im SemTxvevaSic, roca amas moiTxovs ara umcires samrevloQs
20-is srulwlovanis wevrisa; kreba kanonieria, ukeTu masze samrevlos mekomurTa
warmomadgenelTa 2 / 3 mainc gamocxaddeba, xolo Tu kreba pirvel mowvevaze ar
Sesdga, meored igi kanonieria, ramdeni wevric unda gamocxaddes.
SeniSvna: sxdomis mdivans kreba TviTon irCevs.
$49. samrevlo krebis kompetencias ekuTvnis: a) arCeva krebulisa da samrevlo

sabWos wevrebisa da maTi kandidatebisa, agreTve samrevlos molarisa (uwindeli
mnaTisa); b) eklesiisa da krebulis SenaxvisaTvis zrunva; g) samarTalSi micema
samrevlo sabWoQs wevrebisa samsaxuris aRsrulebis dros uflebis aRmatebisa da
borotmoqmedebisaTvis; d) aRZvra saqmisa saeparqio sasamarTloebis winaSe krebulis wevrTa Sesaxeb maTi uTanado moqmedebisa da cudi yofaqcevisaTvis; e) zrunva
eklesiis ganSvenebisa da keTilmowyobisaTvis; v) zrunva samrevlos sarwmunoebrivzneobrivi srulyofisa da mis saganmanaTleblo-saqvelmoqmedo dawesebulebaTaTvis;
z) zrunva sakrebulo saxlisa da sasaflaosaTvis; H) daniSvna sarevizio komisiis
wevrebisa samrevlo sabWos moqmedebisa da angariSis gansaxilvelad; T) arsebul
samrevlos gayofis Sesaxeb Suamdgomlobis aRZvra; i) Suamdgomlobis aRZvra uZravmoZravi qonebis SeZenisa da ganTvisebis Sesaxeb; ia) aReba iseTis sesxisa, romelnic
samrevlos Tviur Semosavals aRemateba; ib) Suamdgomlobis aRZvra taZris kapitalurad gadakeTebis Sesaxeb, roca trapezis aSlaa saWiro.
Sesdgeba krebulis yvela wevrTa da ara umcires eqvsisa da ara umetes Tormetis
wevrisa, romelTac irCevs samrevlo kreba sami wlis vadiT. samrevlo sabWos
Tavmjdomareobs eklesiis winamZRvari, xolo roca igi ar aris, maSin sabWo
TviTon irCevs Tavmjdomares Tvis Soris. sabWos sxdomebi imarTeba TveSi erTxel,
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xolo, Tu saWiroeba moiTxovs, ufro xSiradac. saqmeebi swydeba ubralo xmis

umetesobiT, xolo, roca xmebi Tanabrad iyofa, maSin is azri upiratesobs, romelsac
Tavmjdomare emxroba.
SeniSvna 1. Tu samrevlo krebisa da sabWos ganCineba eklesiis winamZRvars miaCnia saqmis
sazianod, mas SeuZlia ganCinebis sisruleSi moyvanis SeCereba da misi adgilobriv mRvdelmTavarTan gansaCivreba, - amis Sesaxeb Tavis azri winamZRvarma unda gamosTqvas krebazedve.
SeniSvna 2. sabWos wevrad irCeva rogorc mamakaci, ise dedakaci.
SeniSvna 3. sabWos wevrad ar SeiZleba arCeul iqmnas samRvdelo xarisxiTgan gandgomili,
an gankveTili.
$51. samrevlo sabWos kompetencia aris: a) eklesiis uZrav-moZravi qonebis

marTva-gamgeoba; b) yovelgvari statistikuri cnobis Sekreba, rasac ki samrevlos
marTva-gamgeobisaTvis aqvs raime mniSvneloba; g) akrefa saeklesio gadasaxadisa
mrevlSi da misi daniSnulebisamebr moxmareba; d) zrunva eklesiisa da krebulis
Sesanax saSualebaTa gasaZliereblad; e) zrunva taZrisa da RvTismsaxurebis keTilmowyobisaTvis; v) zrunva qvriv-obolTa da gaWirvebulTaTvis qvelmoqmedebis
wesiT; z) aRZvra saqmisa im pirTa winaaRmdeg, romelnic eklesiasa da morwmuneTa
sarwmunoebrivs grZnobas Selaxaven; H) winaswari damuSaveba im sakiTxebisa, romelic
krebam unda ganixilos; T) gamgeoba samrevlo sasaflaosi; i) samrevlo qonebisa
da Tanxebis yovelTviuri Semowmeba; ia) Tavisi moqmedebis wliuri angariSis Sedgena mTavarxucesisa da samrevlo krebisaTvis warsadgenad.
SeniSvna 1. samrevlo sabWos aucilebeli wevria samrevlos molare, romelic awarmoebs
wmida sanTlis operacias, iRebs samrevlo Tanxebs da inaxavs sakredito dawesebulebebSi,
awarmoebs Semosaval-gasavlis wignsa da adgens samrevlois Semosaval-gasavlis wliur angariSs. molares irCevs samrevlo kreba sami wlis vadiT.
SeniSvna 2. samrevlos molared unda arCeul iqmnas ueWvelad mamakaci da masTanve werakiTxvis mcodne.
$52. krebuli. krebulis aucilebel wevrad iTvlebian: mRvdeli da wignismkiTxveli, xolo, sadac SeiZleba, iq samrevlos diakonica (mTavari) hyavs.
SeniSvna 1. diakoni da wignis-mkiTxveli arian mxolod Tanamsaxurni mRvdlisa da uimisod
SeniSvna 2. erTsa da imave samrevloSi ori mRvdlis yofna sasurveli ar aris; magram, Tu
amas moiTxovs samrevlos sidide da aucilebeli saWiroeba, samrevlos SeuZlia Tavis winamZRvars TanaSemwed meore mRvdeli misces.
$53. arCevnebi krebulis wevrTa xdeba Semdegi wesiT: a) roca romelsame samrevloSi ganTavisufldeba krebulis wevris adgili, pirni, romelTac surT daiWiron
es adgili, erTis Tvis ganmavlobaSi mis ganTavisuflebiTgan, wargzavnian Txovnebs
saeparqio mTavrobasTan yvela saWiro mowmobaTa darTviT; b) saeparqio mTavroba
hkrebs cnobebs yvela im pirTa Sesaxeb, romelTac Seitanes Txovna da aqvs msjeloba
warmodgenil kandidatebze; g) mRvdelmTavris mier Rirseul kandidatebad cnobil
pirTa sia, yvela cnobebis darTviT TviTeul kandidatze, waregzavneba samrevlo
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sabWos kenWis sayrelad samrevlo krebaze; d) samrevlo kreba moiwveva ara ugvianes
oris kvirisa kandidatTa siis miRebiTgan. dro samrevlo krebis daniSvnisa ecnobeba saolqos mTavaruxucess, romelic an piradad eswreba krebas, an wargzavnis
Tavis warmomadgenels; e) arCevnebi xdeba farulis xmis micemiT; g) TviTeul
kandidats kenWi eyreba cal-calke; z) arCevnebis dasrulebisas sdgeba aqti, Sesaferi damowmebiT; H) eparqiis mRvdelmTavari amtkicebs im kandidats, romelmac
miiRo xmebis umetesoba, magram ara umcires damswreTa naxevrisa.
SeniSvna: im piris saxeli, romelic ikadrebs samrevloSi agitaciis gawevas, moxsnili
iqmneba kandidatTa siiTgan.
$54. samrevlo, romelic ori Tvis ganmavlobaSi dRiTgan kandidatTa siis

miRebisa ar airCevs krebulis Tavisufal adgilze kandidats, hkargavs saarCevno
uflebas, da im adgilze krebulis wevri dainiSneba saeparqio mTavrobis mier.
$55. Tu samrevlos surs, rom gaxsnil vakansiaze krebulis wevri daniSnos
saeparqio sabWos mTavrobam, amis Taobaze samrevlos dadgenileba ecnobeba eparqiis mRvdelTmTavars erTis Tvis ganmavlobaSi dRiTgan vakansiis gaxsnisa.
SeniSvna: Tu samrevlo aravin iTxova, krebulis wevri iniSneba eparqiis mRvdelTmTavris mier.

roca samrevlos gansacdeli ram moelis; b) gansakuTrebul Tvalyurs adevnebdes
aasrulos saWiro mRvdelmoqmedeba; e) Tvalyuri adevnos taZrisa da saRvTismsaxuro sagnebis sisufTavesa da keTilSvenierebas; v) Tvalyuri adevnos mrevlSi
saeklesio disciplinisa da zneobis dacvas; z) roca samsaxuris dros ama Tu im
sakiTxis Sesaxeb eWvi daebadeba, movalea axsna-ganmartebisaTvis mTavarxucess da
saeparqio mTavrobas mihmarTos; H ) mis upirveles movaleobas Seadgens eklesiaSi
qadageba da sazogadod swavla-moZRvreba; T) mRvdeli movalea RvTismsaxurebis
dros kaTolikozisa da Tavisi episkopozis saxeli moixsenios; i) agreTve movalea krebulis sxva wevrTa saSualebiT saeklesio sabuTebi awarmoos; ia) Tavis
samrevloSi mRvdels ufleba aqvs sxa mRvdels romlisame mRvdelmoqmedebis Sesrulebis neba ar misces.
$57. samRvdelo da sadiakvno kandidati unda iyos kanoniurad srulwlovani,
xolo wignismkiTxvelad SeiZleba ufro axalgazrdac airCes. fizikurad samRvdelo da sadiakvno kandidati unda akmayofilebdes saeklesio kanonebis moTxovnilebas. samRvdelo kandidats unda hqondes miRebuli saSualo sazogado ganaTleba da yovel SemTxvevaSi ara umcires sruli progimnaziuli ganaTlebisa.
amave moTxovnilebas unda akmayofilebden, SeZlebisdagvarad, sadiakvno kandi-
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datebi da wignismkiTxvelnic, romelTac unda icodnen RvTismsaxurebis wesebi da

saeklesio sabuTebis warmoeba, rac windawinve (arCevamde) unda iyos Semowmebuli
romelsame saeparqio mTavrobisagan.
SeniSvna: wignismkviTxvelad SeiZleba arCeul iqmnes mxolod mamakaci.

ama eklesiis yvela wevri iseT saqmeebSi saeklesio swavla-moZRvrebisa, zneobriv
cxovrebisa, saeklesio wyobilebisa da saeklesio samsaxuris winaaRmdeg, romelTaTvisac saeklesio kanoniT dadgenilia gansazRvruli sasjeli anu zomebi zRvevisa da gasworebisa.
$59. saeklesio samarTali eparqiaSi gancalkevebulia saeklesio marTva-gamgeobisagan da Sesdgeba saeparqio sasamarTlosagan.
$60. gansakuTrebuli instituti saqmis gamomZieblisa ar arsebobs, aramed
sasamarTlo TviTon irCevs gamomZiebels TviTeul SemTxvevaSi. ar arsebobs arc
bralmdeblis Tanamdeboba, aramed sasamarTlos erT-erT wevrs miendoba sabraldebo oqmis Sedgena da moxseneba; es wevri Semdeg monawileobas aRar iRebs
ganaCenis gamotanaSi.
saeklesio samarTali
SeniSvna 1. braldebuls neba aqvs sasamarTloSi damcveli (veqili) daixmaros, magram TviT
sasamarTlosTan damcvelis instituti ar arsebobs.
SeniSvna 2. mxareebi gamoiwvevian sagangebo uwyebebiT, romlebic egzavneba maT adgilobriv (sadac scxovroben) da unda Cabardes ara ugvianes erTis kvirisa sxdomisaTvis daniSnul
dReze. uwyebaSi naCvenebi unda iyves sasamarTlos misamarTic.
$61. saeklesio sasamarTlo daxuruli ar aris, saqmis garCevas gareSenic

eswrebian. ganCinebas sasamarTlos wevrebi daadgenen Tavisi Sinaganis darwmunebis
Tanaxmad, mxolod mas Semdeg, roca Semowmebul iqmneba sasamarTloSi warmodgenili sabuTebi.
$62. yoveli saqme arsebiTad gadawydeba ors instanciaSi da mesame instancia
iqneba sakasacio. perioduli saeklesio krebis ganCinebani ki sabolovoa, Tundac
iq saqme pirvelis instanciiT wydebodes.
$63. saeparqio sasamarTlo Sesdgeba xuTi wevrisagan, romelTac irCevs saeparqio kreba sami wlis vadiT.
saeparqio sasamarTlo
SeniSvna 1. Tavmjdomare ueWvelad samRvdelo piri unda iyves; danarCen wevrTa da kandidatTa naxevari samRvdelo pirni unda iyvnen. Tavmjdomare aRirCevis sasamarTlos wevrTa
mier Tvis Soris.
SeniSvna 2. sasamarTlos wevrebad ar SeiZleba arCeul iqmnen mRvdlis xarisxiTgan gandgomilni, an gankveTilni da arc iseTi pirni, romelTac sasamarTlos mier SezRuduli an CamorTmeuli aqvs sazogado krebaze daswrebis ufleba, an ar ziarebulan ukanaskneli samis wlis
ganmavlobaSi erTxel mainc.
SeniSvna 3. sasamarTlodan gasuli wevri SeiZleba xelmeored arCeul iqmnes. - sasamarTlos wevrebTan erTad saeparqio kreba irCevs maT kandidatebsac.
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$64. saeparqio sasamarTlos eqvemdebarebian: a) danaSaulobani, romelTaTvisac

saeklesio kanoniT dadgenilia umZimesi zomebi: mRvdelmoqmedebis Sesrulebis akrZalva, samsaxuridan gadayeneba; b) ganqorwinebis saqme.
$65. sasamarTlos ganCineba waredgineba eparqiis mRvdelmTavars, romelzedac
damokidebulia misi damtkiceba.
SeniSvna: saeparqio sasamarTlos ganCinebiT ukmayofiloT SeuZliaT ganasaCivron saqme
sakaTalikozo sabWoSi.
$66. mudmiv krebas, anu sakaTolikozo sabWos SeuZlia zogierTi saqme, saboloo msjavris dasadastureblad, gamonaklisis
saxed, warudginos periodul saeklesio krebas.
$67. kaTolikoz-patriarqis gasamarTleba Sedis periodul saeklesio krebis
kompetenciaSi.
$68. sakaTolikozo sabWos ganCinebiT ukmayofilos SeuZlia gadaitanos kasaciis
wesiT saqme periodul saeklesio krebaSi.
uzenaesi saeklesio samarTali
SeniSvna: ganqorwinebis saqmeebs sabolood swyvets mudmivi kreba - sakaTolikozo sabWo.
gadmobeWdilia wignidan _ saqarTvelos eklesiis marTva-gamgeoba, 1920.
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saqarTvelos IV saeklesio kreba (21-27.06.1927)

patriarq wmida ambrosi xelaias gar-
posi _ varlami. yvelam amaT xeli moaw-
dacvalebis Semdeg komunisturi xelisu-
eres IV saeklesio krebis mier 24 iv-
flebis mimarT loialurad ganwyobil

samRvdeloebas saSualeba mieca ganexorcielebina mkveTri Semobruneba sax-
niss miRebul dadgenilebas - `saqarTvelos marTlmadideblur eklesiaSi axali

stilis kalendris SemoRebis Sesaxeb~,
elmwifosTan damokidebulebaSi. mitro-
romelSic kerZod naTqvamia - `vacxadeb
politma qristefore cicqiSvilma, `revoluciurad~ ganwyobili frTis lider-
samRvdeloebisa da morwmune eris sayuradRebod: axali stilis kalendari SemoRe-
ma eklesias Seucvala komunistur saxelmwifosTan damokidebulebis kursi. jer
bul iqnas saqarTvelos marTlmadidebel

eklesiaSi ama 1927 wlis noembris 27-
kidev ruseTis pirveli revoluciis

wlebSi mRvdeli qristefore cicqiSvili
moiTxovda eklesiaSi `reformis gatarebas da mis daaxloebas cxovrebasTan~.
dan (Zveli stilis 14-dan). yvela uZravi

dResaswaulebi da wmidaTa xseneba gadaxdil iqnas axali stilis kalendriT,
an u swo re d i m ric xv ebS i, ro go rc
magaliTad, 1905-06 wlebSi igi moiTx-
uCveneben saeklesio wignebi~. aRdgomisa
ovda ufleba miscemodaT mRvdlebs eklesiis gareT etarebinaT saero tanisamosi, miscemodaT qvriv mRvdlebs colis
da masze damokidebuli moZravi dReebis

xsenebani unda darCeniliyo iseve, rogorc
iqamde dResaswaulobda marTlmadidebe-
SerTvis neba da ar yofiliyo savaldeb-
li eklesia. kreba avalebda yvela saek-
ulo kurTxevamde colis SerTva1 da sxv.

eklesiam ar miiRo aseTi reforma.
1927 wels, rogorc adre, saqarTve-
lesio pirs SeesrulebinaT es gankarg ul eb a. I V kr eb is e s da dg en il eb a

gamocemulia 1927 wlis 12 oqtombers.
los sapatriarqo Sedgeboda 15 eparqi-
aRniSnul dadgenilebas krebam safuZv-
isagan: eparqiebs marTavda 9 mRvdelmTavari, xolo Tavisufali iyo 6, maT Soris
lad daudo konstantinopolis patriarqis basilisa da misi wmida sinodis
kaTolikos-patriarqi qristefore iyo
1927 wlis 17 Tebervlis epistole, rom-
imavdroulad droebiTi mmarTveli baTom-Semoqmedisa, quTaTel-genaTeli mitropoliti daviTi _ Wyondidis eparqiis,

ninowmideli episkoposi efremi droebiT
liTac msoflio sapatriarqo acxadebda

msoflio marTlmadidebeli eklesiis gadasvlas axal stilze. 1923 wels konstantinopolSi sinodikonis darbazSi
marTavda cxum-afxazeTis eparqias. maT

garda eparqiebs marTavdnen: mangleli
mowveul `yvela marTlmadidebeli eklesiis~ krebis ZaliT, romlis mierac `1924
mitropoliti _ kalistrate, urbneli

episkoposi _ simeoni, wilkneli episko-
wels SemoRebul iqna Sesworebuli kalendari yovel-mxriv kanonikurad~. àra-
posi _ pavle jafariZe, alaverdeli

epi skopos i _ m elqis edeki, bodb eli
sodes, arc erT krebas, msoflios Tu

adgilobrivs, ar miuCnevia kalendari
episkoposi _ stefane, margveli episko-
dogmatur da ZiriTad saeklesio kanon-
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ikur dadgenilebaTa xasiaTisa~. rogorc
saWirod miiCnia gamoZebniliyo saSuale-
cnobilia, mTelma eklesiam da saerTod

xalxma ar miiRo eklesiaSi axali sti-
bebi 1923 wlis 18 ianvris mTavrobis

dadgenilebis (èklesiis saxelmwifodan
lis kalendari.
1928 wlis saeklesio kalendarSi aris
ganmarteba, Tu ra iyo kalendaruli cvlilebis mizezebi - paragrafSi - `Zvelisa da axali stilis Sesaxeb~. miuxe-
gamoyofies~ Sesaxeb) cxovrebaSi gasatareblad. krebam airCia axali kaTalikoz-patriarqi uwmidesi da unetaresi qristefore III (cicqiSvili). krebam
uaryofiTad Seafasa sakaTalikozo sab-
davad amisa, rogorc iTqva, morwmune

mrevlma da mTelma eklesiam ar miiRo
Wos muSaoba. miiCnia, rom misi roli

ganuzomlad iyo gazrdili, kerZod ki
aseTi kalendari.
IV saeklesio kreba muSaobas Seudga
1927 wlis 21 ivniss. sxdomebi sionSi
mmarTvel mRvdelmT avarTa ukiTxavad

wyvetda umTavres saeklesio sakiTxebs,
daigmo misi antisabWoTa politika. Se-
tardeboda da dasrulda 27 ivniss. kre-
sabamisad axalma debulebam asaxa kreb-
bam ganixila saqarTvelos eklesiis marTva-gamgeobis debuleba, miiRo deklaracia sabWoTa xelisuflebisadmi. krebam
moiTxova eklesias gamoenaxa `masTan saer-
is suliskveTeba, sakaTalikozo sabWo

gauqmda da mis nacvlad SemoRebul iqna
`sakaTalikozo sinodi~, yvela mmarTveli mRvdelmTavris da eqvsi sxva piris
To ena, raTa Tavidan iqnes acilebuli

yovelgvari gaugebroba~. amasTanave, krebam
wevrobiT. krebam daamtkica eklesiis marTva-gamgeobis axali debuleba.
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debuleba
saqarTvelos eklesiis marTva-gamgeobisaTvis
debuleba
ese miRebulia da damtkicebuli sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio IV krebis mier
1927 wlis, ivnisis 21-27
$1. marTva-gamgeobis mxriv saqarTvelos eklesia ganiyofeba eparqiebad, eparqiebi - olqebad, xolo olqebi - samrevloebad.
a) mcxeTa-tfilisisa, romlis mwyemsTmTavari aris mTavarepiskopozi mcxeTisa
da tfilisisa da sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikoz-patriarqi. samwyso: saqarTvelos eklesiis wm. deda qalaqi mcxeTa, tfilisi da gare kaxeTi (teritoria Zveli
eparqiebis: mcxeTisa, tfilisisa, rusTavisa, kawareTisa da ninowmidisa), rasac
Seicavs exlandeli mcxeTa da nawili tfilisis mazrisa. kaTedra eparqiisa aris
mcxeTaSi (sveticxovelSi), xolo kaTolikozis rezidencia - tfilisSi.
SeniSvna 1. kaTolikoz-patriarqis samwysos Seadgens saqarTvelos eklesiis wevrni, mcxovrebni sakaTolikozos gareT iseT qveynebSi, sadac marTlmadidebeli episkopozi ar aris.
SeniSvna 2. rodesac kaTolikoz-patriarqi gardaicvleba, an mZime avadmyofobisa da sxva
mizezTa gamo moklebuli iqneba saSvalebas, gauwios xelmZRvaneloba saeklesio marTva-gamgeobas, sinodi gamoiwvevs erT-erT mRvdelTmTavars, daniSnavs mas kaTolikoz-patriarqis
Tanamosaydred; mosaydreoba uqmdeba, rodesac kaTolikoz-patriarqi Tavis adgilzea.
SeniSvna 3. qorepiskopozi SeiZleba hyavdes mxolod kaTolikoz-patriarqs. qorepiskopozis kandidaturas wamoayenebs kaTolikoz-patriarqi, xolo misi wodeba damokidebulia
mRvdelT-mTavarTa krebulze, qorepiskopozi wevria sinodisa.
b) wilknisa. samwyso: orisave aragvis, qsan-lexuris xeoba, gare qarTli,
saguramo da fSav-xevsureTi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa wilknisa, nawili samTavisisa da samTavrosi), rasac Seicavs exlandeli duSeTis mazra da nawili samxreT
oseTis avtonomiuri olqisa. kaTedra mRvdelTmTavrisa wilkanSi, rezidencia
droebiT sveticxovelTan; pativi mRvdelTmTavrisa wilkneli episkopozi.
g) manglisisa. samwyso: sabaraTiano (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: manglisisa
da winwyarosi), rasac Seicavs exlandeli tfilisis mazris dasavleTis nawili:
wyneTi-TeleTis xazidan _ TeTriwyaro-manglisis xazamde. kaTedra _ manglisSi,
rezidencia _ tfilisSi. pativi mwyemsT-mTavrisa - mangleli episkoposi.
d) agarak-walkisa, anu axtala-penteliTarisa (beStaSenis) (teritoria Zveli
eparqiebisa: walkisa, dmanisisa, bolnisisa da agarakisa), rasac Seicavs exlandeli tfilisis mazris dasavleTis nawili, TeTriwyaro-manglisis xazidan. borCa-
286
los da lori-bambakis mazrebi. kaTedra _ axtalaSi (agaraki), rezidencia _ tfilisSi, pativi mRvdelmTavrisa: axtala-penteliTaris (beStaSenis) episkopozi.
e) alaverdisa. samwyso: Sida kaxeTi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: alaverdisa, nekresisa da xarWaSenis), rasac Seicavs exlandeli Telavis mazra da yofili
TianeTis mazris nawili xarWiSos ubnis mimatebiT da amaT garda didoeT-durZukeTi, miwerili Tergisa da daRestnis mxareebze. kaTedra _ alaverdSi, rezidencia _
q. TelavSi, pativi mRvdelmTavrisa: alaverdeli episkopozi (anu abba alaverdeli).
v) bodbisa. samwyso: hereTi, rani, Saqi da wukeTi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: bodbisa, Weremisa, giSisa da xornabujisa), rasac Seicavs exlandeli mazrebi
da olqebi - siRnaRisa, zaqaTalisa, samurisa, nuxisa, areSisa, ganjisa da yazaxisa. kaTedra _ bodbeSi. rezidencia mRvdelmTavrisa _ q . siRnaRSi, pativi
z) urbnisisa. samwyso: Sida qarTli (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: urbnisis,
ruisis, niqozisa, nawili samTavisisa da samTavrosi), rasac Seicavs exlandeli
goris mazra, garda borjomis xeobisa, da amas garda dvaleTi, miwerili Tergis
mxareze. kaTedra _ urbnisSi, rezidencia _ q. gorSi. mRvdelmTavris pativi :
urbneli episkopozi.
H ) awyurisa. samwyso: samcxe-javaxeTi da zemo somxeTi (teritoria Zveli
eparqiebisa: awyurisa, wurwyabisa, kumurdosi, eruSeTis, dadaSenis, wyarosTavis,
anisis, karisa da alaSkertisa), rasac Seadgens exlandeli axalcixis mazra borjomis xeobis momatebiT, axalqalaqis mazra, artaanis olqi, yarsis olqi,
yaRzevanis olqi, gumbris mazra, basiani da alaSkerti. kaTedra mRvdelmTavrisa _
awyverSi (droebiT zarzmaSi), rezidencia - q. axalcixeSi. mRvdelmTavris pativi:
mawyvereli episkopozi.
T) margveTisa. samwyso: zemo imereTi (teritoria _ nawili gaenaTis Zveli
eparqiisa), - exlandeli Sorapnis mazra. kaTedra mRvdelT-mTavrisa _ argveTSi,
rezidencia _ saCxereSi. mRvdelmTavris pativi: margveli episkoposi.
i) quTais-genaTisa. samwyso: qvemo-imereTi da okriba (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: quTaisisa, xonisa da nawili gaenaTisa), rasac Seadgens exlandeli quTaisis mazra. kaTedra _ quTaisSi, rezidencia _ iqve. mwyemsT-mTavris pativi: quTaTel-genaTeli episkopozi.
ia) nikorwmidisa. samwyso: raWa (teritoria nikorwmidis Zveli eparqiisa),
exlandeli raWis mazra. kaTedra _ nikorwmidaSi, rezidencia _ onSi. pativi
mRvdelmTavrisa: nikorwmindeli episkopozi.
ib) cagerisa. samwyso: leCxum-svaneTi (teritoria _ cageris Zveli eparqiisa),
- exlandeli leCxumis mazra, kaTedra _ cagerSi. rezidencia _ iqve. pativi
mRvdelT-mTavrisa: cagereli episkopozi.
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ig) Wyondidisa. samwyso: odiSi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: Wyondidisa,

caiSisa da walenjixisa), - exlandeli senakisa da zugdidis mazrebi. kaTedra _
martvilSi, rezidencia _ q. foTSi. pativi mwyemsmTavrisa: Wyondideli episkopozi.
id) baTom-Semoqmedisa. samwyso: guria, tao-klarjeTi da WaneTi (teritoria
Zveli eparqiebis: xinowmidisa _ imave baTumis, Semoqmedisa, jumaTisa, satrapelasi, tbeTisa, anCisa, iSxanisa da banisa), rasac Seicavs saqarTvelos respublikis
samzRvrebSi _ exlandeli ozurgeTis mazra da aWaristanis avtonomiuri sabWoTa
respublika, xolo osmaleTis sazRvrebSi olqebi: arTvinisa, olTisisa, TorTomisa, kiskimisa, ispiri, rizesi, aTinasi da xofasi. kaTedra _ q. baTomSi, rezidencia _ iqve. pativi mRvdelmTavrisa: baTomel-Semoqmedeli episkopozi.
ie) cxum-afxazeTisasa (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: drandisa _ imave cxumisa,
bediisa, moqvisa da biWvinTisa), exlandeli afxazeTis sabWoTa avtonomiuri respublika da zugdidis mazris nawili mdinare inguris dasavleTiT. kaTedra _ cxumSi
(soxumSi), rezidencia _ iqve. mRvdelT-mTavris pativi: cxum-afxazeTis episkopozi.
SeniSvna 4. mitropolitebi pativiT episkopozebze maRla dganan. mwyemsmTavarni pativdebul iqmnebian qirotoniis uxucesobis mixedviT.
ekuTvnis.
$3. saqarTvelos eklesias ganagebs saeklesio kreba, romelzedac warmoigzavnebian warmomadgeneli TiToeuli eparqiidan oTx-oTxi; amas garda
qalaqebi warmogzavnian: tfilisi _ Tormets, quTaisi, cxumi, baTomi, foTi, gori,
Telavi, siRnaRi, axalcixe, ozurgeTi, liuqsemburgi _ or-ors, cxum-afxazeTi, walkis
da baTom-Semoqmedis eparqiebis berZenTa eklesiebi da rusTa _ or-ors. saeklesio
krebis wevrebad iTvlebian yvela mmarTveli mRvdelmTavarni, kaTolikoz-patriarqis qorepiskopozi da saqarTvelos sakaTalikozo sinodis wevrebi.
mTavari gamgeoba
SeniSvna 1. eparqiebisagan da qalaqebisagan warmogzavnil warmomadgenelTagan naxevari

aucileblad sasuliero pirni unda iyvnen.
SeniSvna 2. avadmyofobis dros mRvdelmTavars ufleba aqvs wargzavnos krebazed Tavisi
warmomadgeneli.
SeniSvna 3. delegatad ar SeiZleba arCeul iqmnes mRvdlis xarisxisagan gandgomil an
gankveTili.

roca igi ar aris, misi mosaydre. kreba irCevs prezidiumis danarCen wevrebs da
mdivnebs. kreba aris perioduli sam weliwadSi erTxel, - da mudmivi sakaTolikozo sinodis saxiT. periodul krebas iwvevs sakaTolikozo sinodi. kreba kanonieria, Tu mowveulTa mesamedi mainc gamocxaddeba.
SeniSvna: ara Cveulebrivi kreba moiwveva saWiroebis mixedviT.
$5. saqarTvelos eklesiis perioduli krebis kompetencias eqvemdebareba: a) adgilobrivi saeklesio kanonmdebloba; b) uzenaesi saeklesio samarTali; g) sabolood
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garCeva da gadawyveta im saqmeebisa, romelTac mas sakaTolikozo sinodi warudgens; d) arCeva sakaTolikozo sinodisa, anu mudmivi krebis wevrebisa da maTi
kandidatebisa; e) Zveli kaTedrebis aRdgena, axali eparqiebis gaxsna an arsebul
eparqiaTa daxurva da sazRvrebis gamijvna; v) zrunva sasuliero saswavlebelTa
daarsebisa da nivTierad uzrunvelyofisaTvis.
$6. mudmivi kreba, sakaTolikozo sinodi Sesdgeba yvela mmarTvel mRvdelmTavarTagan, kaTolikos-patriarqis qorepiskopozisa da eqvsi wevrisagan. sinodis
wevrebi da maTi eqvsi kandidati aRirCevian saeklesio krebis mier, rogorc delegatTa, ise ara delegatTagan. naxevari arCeuli wevrebisa da maTi kandidatebisa
uTuod samRvdelo pirni unda iyvnen.
SeniSvna: sinodi pasuxismgebelia saeklesio krebis winaSe.
$7. sinodis wevrni, agreTve maTi kandidatebi aRirCevian saeklesio krebis mier
samis wlis vadiT da SeuZlianT xel-axala arCeul iqmnen. sinods Tavmjdomareobs
kaTolikoz-patriarqi, xolo roca ar aris, misi mosaydre da Tu mosaydrec ar
aris damswre uxucesi mRvdelT-mTavari. sakaTolikozo sinodis krebebze weliwadSi orjel: didmarxvis mesame kviraSi da Semodgomaze moiwvevian yvela mRvdelmTavrebi
(mmarTvelni da qorepiskopozni), romelTa TanamonawileobiT swydeba sayuradRebo sakiTxebi.
SeniSvna 1. aseT krebebs SeuZlianT gadasinjos sakaTolikozo sinodis Cveulebrivi Semadgenlobis mier gadawyvetili saqmeni axali dadgenilebis gamosatanad, Tu isini gansaCivrebuli iqmnebian.
SeniSvna 2. mRvdelmTavris dauswreblad sakaTolikozo sinodis kreba ar xdeba.
SeniSvna 3. adgilobriv mRvdelTmTavars SeuZlia wamoiyvanos sinodis sxdo-maze saTanadod momzadebuli piri Tavis eparqiis saWirboroto da mniSvnelovan sakiTxebis garCevis dros
monawileobis misaRebad saTaTbiro xmiT.
SeniSvna 4. Tu raime mizezisa gamo sinodis wevrma Tavi gaaneba samsaxurs da kandidatebic
uars ityvian wevrobaze, sinodis plenums an Cveulebriv Semadgenlobas eZleva neba moiwvios
saTanadod momzadebuli piri, kooptaciis wesiT.
$8. sinodis sxdoma kanonieria, Tu mas daeswreba Tavmjdomare da tfilisSi

mcxovreb wevrTa naxevari.
$9. sinodSi sakiTxi ubralo xmis umetesobiT swydeba, xolo roca xmebi Tanabrad
iyofa, maSin is azri upiratesobs, romelsac Tavmjdomare emxroba.
$10. sabWos wevrT ara aqvT ufleba Tavi Seikavon xmis micemisagan.
igi TviT sxdomazed, da ara ugvianes samis dRisa warudginos werilobiT sxdomis
Tavmjdomares, JurnalSi Sesatanad, anu dasarTvelad.
$13. sakiTxis aRZvris ufleba aqvs sinodis yvela wevrs; am uflebis gansaxorcieleblad saWiroa werilobiTi gancxadebis Setana kaTolikoz-patriarqis saSualebiT, romelic movalea aRniSnuli gancxadeba gadasces gansaxilvelad sinodis
uaxloes krebas.
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$14. kaTolikoz-patriarqs ar aqvs ufleba moxsnas Tavis gankargulebiT sakiTxi rigisagan, xeli SeuSalos ganCinebis gamotanas dasmul sakiTxze, an SeaCeros
ganCinebis sisruleSi moyvana, Tu Tavis droze ar ganucxadebia protesti.
$14a. kaTolikoz-patriarqs, Tu dainaxavs, rom sinodis mier gamotanili
ganCineba mavnebeli da sazianoa sarwmunoebriv-zneobrivi mxriT eklesiis keTildReobisaTvis, - SeuZlia ganacxados protesti da samis dRis ganmavlobaSi Seitanos sinodSi werilobiTi winadadeba sakiTxis gadasinjvisaTvis.
$15. rodesac sinodSi irCeva saqme Tavmjdomaris anu sinodis wevris ukanono
moqmedebaTa gamo, dainteresebul pirs neba aqvs darCes darbazSi saqmis moxsenebis
dros da miawodos sinods saWiro ganmarteba, magram, roca sinodi Seudgeba ganCinebis gamotanas, ueWvelad unda dastovos darbazi.
SeniSvna: roca saCivari exeba Tavmjdomaris (kaTolikozis) ukanono moqmedebas, sinods
Tavmjdomareobs uxucesi damswre mRvdelmTavarTagan.
$16. sinodis ganCinebas xels awers yvelaze uwin Tavmjdomare da mis Semdeg
yvela im sxdomaze damswre wevri, miuxedavad imisa, Tanaxma iyo igi gamotanili
ganCinebisa, Tu ara.
$17. sinodis wevrTa Soris saqmeTa ganawileba da maTi warmoebis wesi xdeba
sinodisve ganCinebiT. Tu romelime wevri ar asrulebs Tavis movaleobas da xels
uSlis saqmis normalurad warmoebas, sakaTolikozo sinods eZleva ufleba misi
gadayenebisa da mis adgilze kandidatis mowvevisa. amis Sesaxeb sakaTolikozo
sinodi valdebulia, moaxsenos morig plenums, anu saeklesio krebas, saboloo
msjavris dasadebad.
$ 18. sa ka T oliko zo si nods sa msa xuri s m xri T eq vem deb areb i an ro gorc
mRvdelmTavrebi da sasuliero pirni, agreTve saeklesio dawesebulebani da maTSi
mosamsaxureni, xolo sarwmunoebisa da saeklesio disciplinis mxriT yoveli
wevri saqarTvelos eklesiisa. sinodis dadgenilebani savaldebuloa yvela saeklesio dawesebulebaTa da eklesiis wevrTaTvis; amaTi Secvla SeuZlia mxolod
sinods, plenums, periodul an araCveulebriv krebas. sakaTolikozo sinodi Tavisi funqciebis aRsrulebis dros xelmZRvanelobs saRmrTo weriliT; msoflio da
adgilobrivi (maT Soris saqarTvelos eklesiis) krebaTa dadgenilebiT da saxelmwifoSi moqmed kanonmdeblobiT. sakaTolikozo sinods hyavs damxmare organoebi:
kontroli, sameurneo gamgeoba, kancelaria da sxva.
$19. sakaTolikozo sinods anu mudmiv krebas eqvemdebareba Semdegi saqmeebi: a) zrunva
saeklesio swavla-moZRvrebisa da qarTuli RvTismetyvelebis ayvavebisa da Seuryvnelad dacvisaTvis; b) zrunva samwysoTa sarwmunoebriv-zneobrivi warmatebisaTvis; g) saWiroebaTa mixedviT arsebul kanonTa farglebSi gankargulebis gamocema
da droebiT, morig saeklesio krebamde, cxovrebaSi misi gatareba; d) Tvalyuris
devneba mis qvemdebare pirTa da dawesebulebebis moqmedebaTaTvis; e) zrunva taZar-
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Ta, saqvelmoqmedo da sasuliero saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebaTa keTilmowyobisaTvis; v) ganxilva da saTanado dawesebulebaTa winaSe Suamdgomlobis aRZvra
eklesiaTa, saqvelmoqme-do da sasuliero samoswavlo-saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebaTa daarsebis Sesaxeb; z) saTanado saxelmwifo dawesebulebaTa da Tanamdebobis pirTa winaSe saeklesio saqmeTa gamo Suamdgomlobis aRZvra; H) zrunva samRvdeloebis qonebrivad uzrunvelyofisaTvis; T) zrunva samsaxuridan gasul samRvdelo pirTa, saeklesio dawesebulebaTa moxeleTa da samRvdelobis qvriv-obolTaTvis; i) zrunva saRmrTo da saeklesio-saRvTismsaxuro wignTa Sedgenisa,
Sesworebisa da gamocemisaTvis; ia) mRvdelmTavarTa, Tanaxmad maTis Txovnisa,
samsaxuriTgan ganTavisufleba; ib) reviziis daniSvna sxvadasxva saWiroebaTa da
SemTxvevaTa gamo; ig) eparqiebisa da saeklesio dawesebulebaTa xarjT-aRricxvis
ganxilva-damtkiceba; id) saeparqio dawesebulebaTa wliuri angariSebis ganxilva
da mTeli sakaTolikozoQs wliuri angariSis Sedgena perioduli krebisaTvis warsadgenad; ie) sabolood garCeva apelaciis da kasaciis wesiT saeparqio mmarTvelobaTagan Semosul saqmeTa; iv) nebarTva sakaTolikozos eklesiebSi nebayoflobiTi
Sewirulebis saqvelmoqmedo mizniT Sekrebisa; iz) sxva avtokefalur eklesiebTan
urTierTobis daWera; i H ) perioduli krebis mowveva da im krebaze gansaxilvel
sakiTxTa winaswari damuSaveba da masalebis Sekreba; iT) xelmZRvaneloba kaTolikozis arCevnebisa; k) micema droebiT Tavisuflebisa, erT Tveze metis vadiT,
episkopozebisa, sakaTalikozo sinodis wevrebis da sinodis damxmare organoTa
gamgeTaTvis; ka) zrunva galobis aRdgena-gamSvenebisaTvis; kb) zrunva uepiskoposod darCenil eparqiaTaTvis; kg) danaSaulobani, romelTaTvis saeklesio kanoniT daniSnulia eklesiis wevrobidan gamoricxva da mRvdlis xarisxidan gankveTa; kd) saeparqio sabWos wevrTa da mRvdelmTavarTa danaSaulobani samsaxurSi.
mTavar-episkopozi mcxeTisa da tfilisisa da sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikozpatriarqi, romelsac irCevs saqarTvelos eklesiis perioduli kreba, faruli
xmis micemiT. arCeulad CaiTvleba is kandidati, romelic umravles amomrCev xmas
miiRebs, magram damswre amomrCevelT xmebis naxevarze mets.
SeniSvna: sakaTolikozo kandidatisaTvis berobis miReba savaldebulo ar aris. fizikurisa
da zneobrivis mxriv, igi unda akmayofilebdes saeklesio kanonTa moTxovnilebas da unda
$21. kaTolikoz-patriarqis kompetencia aseTia: a) is Tavmjdomareobs sruliad

saqarTvelos saeklesio periodul da mudmiv krebas; b) mwyemsmTavrulad mimoixilavs sakaTolikozos eparqiebs da xelmZRvanelobas uwevs episkoposebs saeparqio
marTva-gamgeobaSi; g) mis saxels ixsenieben wirva-locvis dros sakaTolikozos
mRvdelmTavrebi da samRvdeloeba; d) igi aZlevs droebiT Tavisuflebas episkopozebs, sakaTolikozo sinodis wevrebs da sinodis damxmare organoTa gamgeebs ara
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umetes erTi Tvisa weliwadSi, xolo saeparqio marTva-gamgeobis organoTa meTaurebs - ori TviTgan da mets; e) agreTve aZlevs daTxovnis sigelebs im episkopozebs,
romelnic droebiT eparqiidan sxvagan sadme midian; v) iRebs saCivars episkopozTa,
sakaTolikozo sinodis wevrTa, saeparqio krebaTa da saeparqio dawesebulebaTa
Sesaxeb da aZlevs am saCivrebs kanonier msvlelobas; z) saWiro SemTxvevaSi, sinodis
mindobilobiT, is aZlevs rCevas da mwyemsTmTavrul SeniSvnas episkopozebsa da
saeparqio sabWoebis wevrebs; H) sinodisve mindobilobiT imas miwer-mowera aqvs
sxva avtokefalur eklesiebTan da saxelmwifos umaRles dawesebulebebTan.
$22. saeparqio mmarTvelovbis mTavari organo aris saeparqio kreba, romelzedac TviTeuli olqi gzavnis or warmomadgenels, romelTagan erTi ueWvelad samRvdeloa. kreba orgvaria Cveulebrivi,
weliwadSi erTxel da ara Cveulebrivi _ saWiroebisdagvarad. krebas Tavmjdom areo bs a dgilobri vi m RvdelmTa vari, rodesac mRv delm Tava ri a r aris,
kreba T iTon irCevs T avmjdomares sa mRvdelo pirTa Soris: kreba ve irCevs
prezidiumis danarCen wevrebs da mdivnebsac. kreba kanonieria, Tu masze gamocxadda ara umcires mowveulTa mesamedisa.
SeniSvna 1. saeparqio krebas iwvevs saeparqio mmarTveloba.

SeniSvna 2. saeparqio krebis wevrebad iTvlebian saeparqio sabWos wevrebi.
SeniSvna 3. warmomadgenlad ar SeiZleba arCeva mRvdlis xarisxidan gandgomilisa, an
gankveTilisa.
$23. saeparqio krebis uflebas Seadgens: a) saeparqio sabWos wevrTa da maTi

kandidatebis arCeva; b) Tvalyuris devneba saeparqio cxovrebisa da saeparqio
dawesebulebaTa moqmedebisa; g) arCeva delegatebisa sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio krebisaTvis; d) zrunva saeklesio, samoswavlo da saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebaTa daarsebisa, gaumjobesebisa da nivTier saSualebaTa gamonaxvisaTvis eparqiaSi; e) adgilobrivi sabWos mier SemuSavebuli wesebis da instruqciebis damtkiceba; v) zrunva galobis gaumjobesebisaTvis.
SeniSvna: saeparqio krebis ganCineba Sedis ZalaSi, Tu mas emxroba adgilobrivi mRvdelmTavari, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, sakiTxi gadaecema sakaTolikozo sinods.
$24. saeparqio krebis aRmasrulebeli organo aris saeparqio sabWo. sabWos

Tavmjdomareobs adgilobrivi mRvdelmTavari, xolo, roca igi araa, maSin sabWos
wevrebi, TavianT Soris irCeven Tavmjdomares samRvdelo pirTagan; sabWo Sesdgeba
oTxis wevrisagan, romelTagan ori samRvdeloa. sabWos wevrebi irCevian saeparqio
krebis mier, samis wlis vadiT. amaT garda sabWos hyavs mdivani, romelsac TviT
sabWo moiwvevs. sabWos wevris samsaxuri ufasoa.
$25. saeparqio sabWos kompetencias eqvemdebareba: a) sarwmunoebis da zneobis
dacva-ganmtkicebisaTvis zrunva eparqiaSi; b) ganxilva im saqmeebisa, romelTac
mas saolqo krebebi an saolqo sabWoebi warmoudgenen; g) Tvalyuris devneba yvela
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saeklesio dawesebulebaTa da saeklesio Tanamdebobis pirTa moqmedebisa eparqiaSi,

d) ufleba kreb ulis wev rTa adgileb zed arCeul kandidatebis dam tkicebisa;
e) ganxilva sakiTxisa axali olqebis gaxsnisa, an arsebul olqTa Semcirebisa,
gind gayofisa da gadamijvnisa, eparqiis farglebSi; v) saeparqio krebaze gansaxilvel sakiTxTa winaswari damuSaveba; z) saeparqio wliuri angariSis Sedgena saeparqio krebisa da sakaTolikozo sinodisaTvis warsadgenad; H) berobisa da sasuliero wodebidan ganTavisufleba.
SeniSvna: sabWoSi saqmeebi swydeba ubralo xmis umetesobiT, magram rodesac sabWos da
mRvdelmTavars Soris uTanxmoebaa, maSin sadavo saqme gadaecema sakaTolikozo sinods.
$26. episkopozi aris eparqiis sarwmunoebriv-zneobrivi cxovrebis xelmZRvaneli da ganagebs eparqias saeparqio sabWosTan erTad. saepiskopozo kandidati
aRirCevis faruli xmis micemiT, xeldaasxams mas kaTolikozi episkopozTa krebiTurT. saepiskopozo kandidats unda hqondes miRebuli umaRlesi ganaTleba da
Sesaferisi saRvTismetyvelo momzadeba, xolo ukidures SemTxvevaSi ara umcires
saSualo saRvTismetyvelo ganaTlebisa; fizikurad da zneobrivad unda akmayofilebdes saeklesio kanonTa moTxovnilebas.
SeniSvna 1. uzenaes saeklesio mmarTvelobas, garemoebis mixedviT, SeuZlia daniSnos episkopozi ama Tu im eparqiaSi, ukeTu arCevnebis moxdenis normaluri pirobebi ar iqmneba.
SeniSvna 2. saepiskopozo kandidatisaTvis berad Sedgoma savaldebulo ar aris. magram igi
ar SeiZleba iyos coliani an ganqorwinebuli.
SeniSvna 3. saepiskopozo kandidatis arCeva xdeba Semdegi wesiT: kandidatis dasaxeleba
SeuZlia daqvrivebuli eparqiis yovelsave wevrs, eparqiis daqvrivebiTgan erTi Tvis gasvlamde
kandidatTa saxelebi waredgineba saTanado cnobebis TandarTviT kaTolikoz-patriarqs. kandidatTa sias ixilavs mmarTvel episkopozTa krebuli (sami unda ueWvelad daeswros piradad,
xolo danarCenTagan gamoiTxovebis saTanado gramata). episkopozTa krebulisagan mowonebuli
saepiskopozo kandidatTa sia waregzavneba eparqiis droebiT mmarTvel episkopozs krebisaTvis
gadasacemad. yvela kandidats kenWi eyreba cal-calke. arCeulad iTvleba is, vinc yvelaze
mets kenWs miiRebs, magram ara umcires delegatTa naxevrisa, arCeul kandidats amtkicebs
sakaTolikozo sinodi.
$27. episkopozi aris sakaTedro taZris winamZRvari. mis kompetencias ekuTvnis: a) sruli ufleba mTel eparqiaSi swavla-moZRvrebisa; b) ufleba yovelgvaris mRvdelmoqmedebis Sesrulebisa; g) zrunva, raTa mis eparqiaSi morwmuneni
saR saeklesio swavlebas icavdnen; d) mas aqvs ufleba moxsnas qorwinebis dros
zogierTi dabrkolebani, romelnic naTesavur kavSiridan gamomdinareoben; e) sarwmunoebriv saqmeebSi masze damokidebulni arian eparqiis yvela wevrebi; d) Tvalyuris devneba samo nastro saeklesi o qonebaTa marTv a-gam geobi sa ep arqia Si;
v) mis saxels aRavlens wirva-locvis dros mTeli eparqiis samRvdeloeba;
z) is a Zlevs droeb iTs T avisuflebas, ara umetes erT is Tv isa, saeparqio
dawesebulebebSi mosamsaxureT; H) episkopozs neba aqvs Svebulebis auReblad, ganSordes Tavis eparqias, weliwadSi ara umetes or gzisa, sam-samis kviriT, razedac
moaxsenebs sakaTolikozo sinods.
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episkopozi valdebulia: a) daemorCilos saeklesio kanonebsa da mTavar saeklesio mmrTvelobis mier kanonierad gamocemuls dadgenilebaTa, xolo roca ama
Tu im saeklesio kanonisa an dadgenilebis Sesaxeb gaugebroba rame daebadeba, gansamarteblad mTavar saeklesio mTavrobas mihmarTos; b) cxoveli kavSiri iqonios
daemorCilos sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio krebas da, roca sakaTolikozo
sinodi moiwvevs, aRniSnul krebaze gamocxaddes; d) mTavari saeklesio mTavrobis
daiwyos ra; z) pativiscemiT epyrobodes sxva mRvdelmTavrebs, saeparqio sabWoebs
da saeparqio krebis gadawyvetilebas; H) ufleba aqvs damnaSave mRvdels aukrZalos
administraciuli wesiT mRvdelmoqmedeba, epitemia daados ara umetes erTis Tvisa, anu moxsnas, da amas acnobebs saeparqio sabWos.
SeniSvna: episkopozi, Tu igi eparqiis mmarTveli ar aris, anu qorepiskoposobas ar asrulebs da adgilobriv saeparqio da sakaTolikozo sinodis nebarTviT asrulebs mxolod
samrevlo mRvdlis movaleobas, swiravs filonSi da panaRias, gareSe wirva-locvisa, ar atarebs;
wirva-locvaSi mis eklesiaSi moixsenieba kaTolikoz-patriarqis da adgilobriv mRvdelTmTavris saxelebi.

ganagebs saolqo kreba, romelSiac monawileobas iRebs olqis TviTeuli samrevlodan or-ori warmomadgeneli, romelTagan erTi aucileblad samRvdelo a; kreba s T avm jdo ma reo bs mTa varxucesi. sao lqo kreb as iwv evs saolqo
sabWo da igi kanonieria, Tu ma sze gamocxa ddeba ara um cires yvela wevrTa
naxevarisa. saolqo kreba aris Cveulebrivi _ weliwadSi orjel da ara Cveulebrivi _ saWiroebisadagvarad.
$29. saolqo krebis kompetencias ekuTvnis a) saolqo sabWos wevrTa, maTi
kandidatebis da mTavarxucesis arCeva sami wliT, agreTve arCeva delegatebisa
saeparqio krebisaTvis; b) zrunva samrevloebSi saeklesio cxovrebis mowesrigebisa
da warmatebisaTvis; g) zrunva qvriv-obol-gaWirvebulTaTvis, da sazogadod saqvelmoqmedo saqmis mowyoba olqSi; d) saolqo sabWos moqmedebis angariSis ganxilva;
e) Suamdgomlobis aRZvra da mosazrebaTa wardgena Sesaxeb axlis samrevloebis
daarsebisa, arsebul samrevloTa gayofisa da Semcirebisa.
$30. saolqo krebis aRmasrulebeli organo aris saolqo sabWo, romelsac
Tavmjdomareobs mTavarxucesi. saolqo sabWo Sesdgeba samis wevrisagan, romelTagan ori sasuliero piria.
saolqo mmarTveloba
SeniSvna: saolqo krebis arCevnebs amtkicebs saeparqio sabWo.
$31. saolqo sabWo: a) adgens saolqos wliur angariSs, romelsac warudgens

saolqo krebasa da saeparqio sabWos b) winaswar daamuSavebs sakiTxebs, romelic
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saolqo krebas unda waredginos gansaxilvelad; g) iwvevs saolqo krebas da xelmZRvanelobas uwevs samrevlo krebebs krebulis wevrTa arCevnebSi; d) iZleva
saWiro cnobebs olqis dawesebulebaTa da mosamsaxure pirTa Sesaxeb, roca amas
umaRlesi saeklesio dawesebulebani moiTxoven; e) zrunavs moawesrigos krebulis
wevrTa Soris amtydari uTanxmoebani saZmo Semosavlisa da sazogadod sameurneo
saqmeebis gamo, agreTve amave xasiaTis uTanxmoebani krebulis wevrTa da samrevlo
sabWoebs Soris; v) aZlevs krebulis wevrTa Tavisuflebas ara umetes oris kvirisa.
urTierTis daxmarebis azriT, saeklesio meurneobiT, sakuTaris krebulis xelmZRvanelobiT, saerTo taZris garSemo Semokrebili da episkopozze kanoniurad damokidebuli morwmuneTa sazogadoeba.
samrevloebTan SeTanxmebiT da saTanado saeklesio mTavrobis nebarTviT.
samrevlo
SeniSvna: qalaqebSi samrevloTaTvis teritoriuli principis dacva savaldebulo ar aris.

ekuTvnis, Setanilia samrevlo davTarSi da monawileobas iRebs yvela xarjebSi,
$35. samrevlos qonebas Seadgens sanTlis Semosavali da taZarSi, an mrevlSi Segrovili Semowiruloba. am qonebas samrevlo ganagebs Sesafer organoT a sa Sua lebi T.
SeniSvna: erTsa da iamve samrevloSi SeiZleba iyos zed miwerili taZari, romelSiac, Tu
saWiroeba moiTxovs da mosaxerxebelic iqneba, sruldeba yovelgvari RvTismsaxureba.
$36. samrevlos ganagebs saeparqio mTavrobis xelmZRvanelobis qveSe samrevlo

kreba da mis mier arCeuli samrevlo sabWo.
$37. samrevlo krebas Seadgens yevla marTlmadidebeli qali da kaci (ara
umcires 18 wlisa), romelnic am samrevlos sabuTebSi arian Cawerilni rogorc
wevrni samrevloQsa.
$38. ufleba samrevlo krebaSi monawileobis miRebisa gadamwyvetis xmiT aqvT
a) krebulis wevrT da b) yvela srulwlovan marTlmadidebel qalsa da kacs (ara
umcires 18 wlisa), romelnic am samrevlos sabuTebSi arian Cawerilni, rogorc
wevrni samrevloQsa. gamonaklisi aRniSnulia qvemore muxlSi.
$39. samrevlo krebaze monawileobis miRebis ufleba ar aqvT im pirT a) romelnic
daarRveven wesierebas taZarSi, agreTve samrevlo krebaze, b) romelTac ar SemoaqvT samrevlo gadasaxadebi Tu isini samrevlo krebis mier ganTavisuflebulni
ar arian, rogorc Raribebi, gadasaxadisagan.
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$40. kreba aris Cveulebrivi weliwadSi erTxel da ara Cveulebrivi _ saWiroebisamebr. samrevlo krebas iwvevs samrevlo sabWo. kreba unda mowveul iqnas im
SemTxvevaSic, roca amas moiTxovs ara umcires samrevloQs 20-is srulwlovanis
wevrisa; kreba kanonieria, ukeTu masze samrevlos mekomurTa warmomadgenelTa
naxevari mainc gamocxaddeba, xolo Tu kreba pirvel mowvevaze ar Sesdga, meored
igi kanonieria, ramdeni wevric unda gamocxaddes.
$41. samrevlos krebis kompetencias ekuTvnis: a) arCeva krebulisa da samrevlo
sabWos wevrebisa da maTi kandidatebisa, agreTve samrevlos molarisa; b) eklesiisa
da krebulis SenaxvisaTvis zrunva; g) samarTalSi micema samrevlo sabWos wevrebisa samsaxuris aRsrulebis dros uflebis aRmatebisa da borotmoqmedebisaTvis;
d) zrunva eklesiis gamSvenierebisa da keTilmowyobisaTvis; e) zrunva samrevlos
sarwmunoebriv-zneobrivi srulyofisa da mis saganmanaTleblo-saqvelmoqmedo
dawesebulebaTaTvis; z) zrunva sakrebulo binisaTvis; z) daniSvna sarevizio
komisiis wevrebisa samrevlo sabWos moqmedebisa da angariSis gansaxilvelad;
H ) Suamdgomlobis aRZvra taZris kapitalurad gadakeTebis Sesaxeb, roca trapezis
aSlaa saWiro.
Sesdgeba krebulis yvela wevrTa da ara umcires eqvsis wevrisa, romelTac irCevs
samrevlo kreba, sami wlis vadiT. samrevlo sabWos Tavmjdomareobs eklesiis
winamZRvari, xolo roca igi ar aris, maSin sabWo TviTon irCevs Tavmjdomares
Tvis Soris. sabWos sxdomebi imarTeba TveSi erTxel, xolo, Tu saWiroeba moiTxovs, ufro xSiradac. saqmeebi swydeba ubralo xmis umetesobiT, xolo, roca xmebi
Tanabrad iyofa, maSin is azri upitaresobs, romelsac Tavmjdomare emxroba.
SeniSvna 1. Tu samrevlo krebisa da sabWos ganCineba eklesiis winamZRvars miaCnia eklesiis
an gankveTili.
$43. samrevlo sabWos kompetencia aris: a) eklesiis qonebis marTva-gamgeoba;

b) yovelgvari statistikuri cnobis Sekreba, rasac ki samrevlos marTva-gamgeobisaTvis aqvs raime mniSvneloba; g) akrefa keTilmneblobiTi Sewirulebisa mrevlSi da misi daniSnulebisamebr moxmareba; d) zrunva eklesiisa da krebulis Sesanax
saSualebaTa gasaZliereblad; e) zrunva taZrisa da RvTismsaxurebis keTilmowyobisaTvis; v) zrunva qvriv-obolTa da gaWirvebulTaTvis qvelmoqmedebis wesiT;
z) aRZvra saqmisa im pirTa winaaRmdeg, romelnic eklesiasa da morwmuneTa sarwmunoebriv grZnobas Selaxaven; H ) winaswari damuSaveba im sakiTxebisa, romelic
krebam unda ganixilos; T) samrevlo qonebisa da Tanxebis yovelTviuri Semowmeba;
i) Tavisi moqmedebis wliuri angariSis Sedgena mTavarxucesisa da samrevlo krebi-
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saTvis warsadgenad; ia) igi avalebs erT-erT wevrs sameurneo nawilis gamgeobas,
xolo erT-erT wevrs _ xazindarobas da ib) sabWos davalebiT krebulis wevrs
SeuZlia orive Tanamdebobis asruleba.
SeniSvna: sameurneo nawilis gamged da xazindrad SeiZleba daniSnul iqmnas samrevlo
sabWos mier qalic.
$44. krebuli. krebulis aucilebel wevrad iTvlebian: mRvdeli da wignismkiTxveli, xolo, sadac aris, iq samrevlos diakonic (mTavari).
SeniSvna: diakoni da wignis-mkiTxveli arian mxolod Tanamsaxurni mRvdlisa da uimisod
$45. eklesiis krebulis wevrs mRvdels, diakons da wignis-mkiTxvels irCevs

samrevlo kreba im pirTagan, romelTac, aqvT dasturi arCevnebze daSvebisa saolqo
da saeparqio sabWoTagan. samrevlos Tu ar hyavs Tavisi kandidatebi krebulis
wevrisa, mimarTavs mRvdelmTavars aseTi wevrebis daniSvnisaTvis.
roca samrevlos gansacdeli ram moelis; b) gansakuTrebul Tval-yurs adevnebdes
aasrulos saWiro mRvdelmoqmedeba; v) Tvalyuri adevnos mrevlSi saeklesio disciplinisa da zneobis dacvas; z) roca samsaxuris dros ama Tu im sakiTxis Sesaxeb
eWvi daebadeba, axsna-ganmartebisaTvis mTavarxucess da saeparqio mTavrobas mimarTos; H) eklesiaSi qadageba da sazogadod swavla-moZRvreba; T) RvTismsaxurebis
dros kaTolikozisa da Tavisi episkopozis saxeli moixsenios; i) krebulis sxva
wevrTa saSualebiT saeklesio sabuTebi awarmovos; ia) sxva samrevloSi mRvdelmoqmedebis SesrulebisaTvis gamoiTxovos adgilobrivi mRvdlis nebarTva.
$47. samRvdelo da sadiakvno kandidats unda hqondesT sakmao sazogado ganviTareba, icoden saeklesio tibikoni da kiTxva-galoba, rac windawinve unda iqmnes
Semowmebuli saeparqio mTavrobis mier.
SeniSvna 1. meored jvardawerils, an qvrivze jvardawerils eris kacs neba eZleva mTavardiakvnobis da mRvdlobis xarisxis miRebisa.
SeniSvna 2. mRvdels neba aqvs Seasrulos RvTis msaxurebis dros diakonis samsaxuri
diakonisave SesamoselSi, xolo ipodiakons neba eZleva kvereqsis warmoTqmisa.
SeniSvna 3. wignis-mkiTxvelad SeiZleba arCeul iqmnes qalic.

cxovrebisa, saeklesio wyobilebisa da saeklesio samsaxuris winaaRmdeg, romelTaTvisac saeklesio kanoniT dadgenilia gansazRvruli sasjeli anu zomebi zRvevisa
da gasworebisa.
$49. sakaTolikozo sinodi asrulebs uzenaes sasuliero sasamarTlo funqciebs. yovelive danaSauloba eklesiur-sarwmunoebriv TvalsazrisiT, romelic
saeklesio samarTali
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Seexeba morwmuneTa da samRvdelo pirTa, garda episkopozisa, irCeva saeparqio

sabWos mier, saeparqio sabWos ganCinebiT ukmayofilo pirs SeuZlia ganasaCivros
aseTi ganCineba sakaTolikozo sinodSi. ukeTu saqme gadawyvetilia sakaTolikozo sinodis Cveulebriv Semadgenlobisagan, aseTi gadawyvetileba SeiZleba gansaCivrebul iqmnas imave sinodis gaZlierebul SemadgenlobaSi, romlis dadgenileba sabolovoa.
$50. saeparqio sabWos samarTals eqvemdebareba: danaSaulobani, romelTaTvisac
saeklesio kanonebiT dadgenilia zomebi: mRvdelmoqmedebis aRkveTa, samsaxuridan
gadayeneba, eklesiis wevrobidan gamoricxva; saeklesio epitimiis dadeba morwmuneebze da samRvdelo pirebze; jvrisweris gauqmebis saqme.
$51. mRvdelmTavarTa Sesaxeb saCivrebs ixilavs sinodi da Rebulobs droebiT
zomebs, xolo sabolovo msjavri gamoaqvs sakaTolikozo sinodis gaZlierebul
Semadgenlobas (ix. $7). mRvdelmTavarTa ara kanonier moqmedebaTa gamo TviT
sakaTolikozo sinodsac aqvs ufleba saqmis aRZvrisa.
gadmobeWdilia wignidan _ debuleba saqarTvelos eklesiis marTva-gamgeobisaTvis, tfilisi, 1928.
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saqarTvelos VIII saeklesio krebis (1937 w.) saxeliT

gamocemuli `debuleba~
1945 wlis 28 marts saqarTvelos
eklesiis wmida sinodma miiRo `debuleba saqarTvelos eklesiis marTva-gamgeobisaTvis~, romelic SeTanxmebuli iyo
IV da VIII saeklesio krebaTa mier damtkicebul `debulebebTan~, amasTanave, igi
SeTanxmebuli iyo imJamindel sabWoTa
kavSirSi moqmed samoqalaqo kanonebTan.
am debulebaTa ZaliT mTlianad gauqmebul iqna ara mxolod adrindeli `sakaTolikozo sabWo~, romelsac imdenad
didi uflebebi gaaCnda, rom krebaTa Soris
periodSi igi xelmZRvanelobda eklesias,
aramed 1927 wels dadgenili `sakaTalikozo sinodic~. axali debulebis mixedviT, krebaTa Soris periodSi, amJamad,
ukve sruli mmarTveli iyo kaTolikozpatriarqi, romelTanac arsebobda `kaTalikoz-patriarqis Tana sinodi~. misi
wevrebi mxolod mRvdelmTavrebi iyvnen.
1937 wels VIII saeklesio krebaze

moxda wm. sinodis reorganizacia, SemoRebul iqna erTpirovnuli marTva-gamgeoba, sinods ewoda kaTalikosisTanaA.
1945 wlis 28 martis debulebas aqvs
rezolucia - `miRebul iqnas: kaTalikozpatriarqi kalistrate, urbneli mitropoliti melqisedeki, quTaTel-genaTelWyondideli episkopozi efremi, wilkneli episkopozi tarasi, ninowmideli
episkoposi dimitri~. debulebis mixedviT saqarTvelos eklesiaSi iyo 15 eparqia, romelTagan mravali umRvdelmTavrod
iyo darCenili. eklesia da misi saWeTmpyrobeli debulebis mixedviT xelmZRvanelobda `saRmrTo weriliT, msoflio
da adgilobrivi (maT Soris saqarTvelos) krebaTa dadgenilebebiT da saxelmwifoSi momqmedi kanonmdeblobiT~.
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debuleba
saqarTvelos eklesiis marTva-gamgeobisaTvis
(SeTanxmeba IV da VIII saeklesio krebaTa mier damtkicebul debulebaTa

ssr kavSirSi momqmed samoqalaqo kanonebTan)
$1. marTva-gamgeobis mxriv saqarTvelos eklesia ganiyofeba eparqiebad, eparqiebi - olqebad, xolo olqebi - samrevloebad.
a) mcxeTa-Tbilisisa, romlis mwyemsT-mTavari aris mTavarepiskopozi mcxeTisa da Tbilisisa da sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikoz-patriarqi. samwyso: saqarTvelos eklesiis wmida dedaqalaqi mcxeTa, Tbilisi da gare kaxeTi (teritoria
Zveli eparqiebisa: kawareTisa, mcxeTisa, ninowmidisa, rusTavisa da Tbilisisa),
rasac Seicavs exlandeli raionebi TianeTisa, mcxeTisa, sagarejosi da yaraiazisa
da nawili Tbilisisa. kaTedra eparqiisa aris mcxeTaSi (sveticxovelSi), xolo
kaTolikozis rezidencia _ TbilisSi.
SeniSvna 1. kaTolikoz-patriarqis samwysos Seadgens saqarTvelos eklesiis wevrni, mcxovrebni sakaTolikozos gareT iseT qveynebSi, sadac marTlmadidebeli episkopozi ar aris.
SeniSvna 2. rodesac kaTolikoz-patriarqi gardaicvleba, an mZime avadmyofobisa da sxva
mizezTa gamo moklebuli iqmneba saSualebas gauwios xelmZRvaneloba saeklesio marTva-gamgeobas, mis adgils iWers is mRvdelmTavari, mosaydris wodebiT, romlis Sesaxeb kaTolikozpatriarqis mdivanTan inaxeba misi uwmindesobis da unetaresobis werilobiTi gankarguleba;
mosaydreoba uqmdeba, rodesac kaTolikoz-patriarqi Tavis adgilzea. kaTolikozis gardacvalebis Semdeg kreba unda iyos mowveuli ara ugvianes sami Tvisa.
SeniSvna 3. qorepiskopozi SeiZleba hyavdes mxolod kaTolikoz-patriarqs.
b) agarak-walkisa, anu axtala penteliTarisa (beStaSenis) (teritoria Zveli
eparqiebisa: agarakisa, bolnisisa, dmanisisa da walkisa), rasac Seicavs raionebi

baSkiCeTisa, bolnisisa, borCalosi da walkisa, da lori-bambakis mxare. kaTedra
_ axtalaSi (agaraki), rezidencia _ TbilisSi, pativi mRvdelmTavrisa axtalapenteliTaris (beStaSenis) episkopozi.
g) alaverdisa. samwyso: Sida kaxeTi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: alaverdisa, nekresisa da xarWaSenisa), rasac Seicavs Telavisa da yvarlis raionebi da
TianeTis raionis nawili xarWiSos ubnis mimatebiT da amaT garda didoeT-durZukeTi, miwerili Tergisa da daRestnis mxareebze. kaTedra _ alaverdSi, rezidencia _ q. TelavSi, pativi mRvdelmTavrisa: alaverdeli episkopozi (anu abba
alaverdeli).
d) awyurisa. samwyso: samcxe-javaxeTi da zemo somxeTi (teritoria Zveli
eparqiebisa: alaSkertisa, anisisa, awyurisa, dadaSenisa, eruSeTisa, karisa, ku-
300
murdosi, wurwyabisa da wyarosTavisa), rasac Seadgens raionebi adigenisa, aspinZisa da axalqalaqisa, axalcixisa da bogdanovkasi, da alaSkerti, artaanis olqi,
basiani, gumbris mxare, yarsis olqi da yaRzevanis olqi. kaTedra _ awyverSi,
rezidencia _ q. axalcixeSi. mRvdelmTavris pativi - mawyvereli episkopozi.
e) baTom-Semoqmedisa. samwyso: guria, tao-klarjeTi da WaneTi (teritoria
Zveli eparqiebisa: anCisa, banisa, iSxanisa, satrapelasi, tbeTisa, jumaTisa, xinowmidisa _ imave baTumis, Semoqmedisa), rasac Seicavs saqarTvelos respublikis
sazRvrebSi _ exlandeli raionebi baTomisa, maxaraZisa, qedisa, qobuleTisa, Coxataurisa da xulosi, xolo osmaleTis sazRvrebSi olqebi: aTinasi, arTvinisa,
T orT om isa , kiskim i sa , i sp i ri sa, olTi sisa , rizesi , da xofa si . kaT edra
mRvdelmTavrisa baTomSi, rezidencia _ iqve. pativi mRvdelmTavrisa: baTomelSemoqmedeli episkopozi.
v) bodbisa. samwyso: rani, Saqi, wukeTi da hereTi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: bodbisa, giSisa, Weremisa da xornabujisa), rasac Seicavs raionebi gurjaanisa, kaWreTisa, lagodexisa, siRnaRisa da wiTelwyarosi, da olqebi areSisa,
ganjisa, zaqaTlisa, nuxisa, samurisa da yazaxisa. kaTedra _ bodbeSi. rezidencia _
q. siRnaRSi, pativi mRvdelmTavris: bodbeli episkopozi.
z) margveTisa. samwyso: zemo imereTi (teritoria _ nawili gaenaTis Zveli
eparqiisa), - exlandeli raionebi zestafonisa, orjonikiZisa, saCxerisa, Cxarisa
da WiaTurisa. kaTedra _ argveTSi, rezidencia _ saCxereSi. mRvdelmTavris pativi:
margveli episkoposi.
H ) manglisisa. samwyso: sabaraTiano (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: manglisisa da winwyarosi), rasac Seicavs exlandeli Tbilisis raionis dasavleTis nawili: wyneTi-TeleTis xazidan _ TeTriwyaros raioni. kaTedra _ manglisSi,
rezidencia _ TbilisSi. pativi mwyemsmTavrisa: mangleli episkoposi.
T) nikorwmidisa. samwyso: raWa (teritoria nikorwmidis Zveli eparqiisa),
exlandeli raionebi ambrolaurisa da onisa. kaTedra _ nikorwmidaSi, rezidencia
_ onSi. pativi mRvdelmTavrisa: nikorwmindeli episkopozi.
i) urbnisisa. samwyso: Sida qarTli (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: nawili
samTavisisa, niqozisa, ruisisa, samTavrosi da urbnisisa), rasac Seicavs exlandeli raionebi borjomisa, gorisa, znaurisa, kaspisa, leningorisa, stalinirisa, qarelisa, xaSurisa da javasi da amas garda dvaleTi, miwerili Tergis
mxareze. kaTedra _ urbnisSi, rezidencia _ q. gorSi. mRvdelTmTavris pativi :
urbneli episkopozi.
ia) quTais-gaenaTisa. samwyso: qvemo-imereTi da okriba (teritoria Zveli
eparqiebisa: quTaisisa, xonisa da nawili gaenaTisa), rasac Seadgens raionebi
vanisa, maiakovskisa (baRdaTisa), samtrediisa, tyibulisa, quTaisisa, wulukiZisa
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(xonisa) da wyaltubosi. kaTedra _ quTaisSi, rezidencia _ iqve. mwyemsmTavris

pativi: quTaTel-genaTeli episkopozi.
ib) cagerisa. samwyso: leCxum-svaneTi (teritoria _ cageris Zveli eparqiisa),
- exlandeli raionebi zemo svaneTisa, qvemo svaneTisa da cagerisa. kaTedra _
cagerSi, rezidencia _ iqve. pativi mRvdelmTavrisa: cagereli episkopozi.
ig) cxum-afxazeTisasa (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: drandisa _ imave cxumisa,
bediisa, biWvinTisa da moqvisa), exlandeli afxazeTis sabWoTa avtonomiuri respublikis raionebi gagrisa, galisa, gudauTisa, gulripSisa, oCamCiresi, qluxorisa
da cxumisa da zugdidis raionis nawili mdinare inguris dasavleTiT. kaTedra _ cxumSi
(soxumSi), rezidencia _ iqve, mRvdelTmTavris pativi: cxum-afxazeTis episkopozi.
id) wilknisa. samwyso: orisave aragvis, qsan-lexuris xeoba, gare qarTli,
saguramo da fSav-xevsureTi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa samTavrosi, nawili
samTavisisa da wilknisa), rasac Seicavs raionebi duSeTisa da yazbegisa da nawili
samxreT oseTis avtonomiuri olqisa. kaTedra _ wilkanSi, rezidencia _ (droebiT) sveticxovelTan, pativi mRvdelmTavrisa: wilkneli episkopozi.
ie) Wyondidisa. samwyso: odiSi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: caiSisa, walenjixisa da Wyondidisa), exlandeli raionebi abaSisa, gegeWkorisa, zugdidisa, foTisa, CxorowyuQsa, cxakaiasi, walenjixisa da xobisa. kaTedra _ martvilSi,
rezidencia _ q. foTSi. pativi mwyemsmTavrisa: Wyondideli episkopozi.
SeniSvna: am siis Secvla da Sevseba sruliad saqarTvelos eklesiis krebis kompetencias ekuTvnis.
$3. saqarTvelos eklesias ganagebs saeklesio kreba, romelic

Sesdgeba mmarTvel mRvdelmTavrebisa da kaTolikoz-patriarqis qorepiskopozisagan; mRvdelmTavarTa mier momqmed eparqiebidan mowveul TiTo sasuliero da
saero pirTagan da mcxeTa-Tbilisis eparqiidan imden sasuliero da saero warmomadgenelTagan, ramdenic gamowveul iqmneba danarCen eparqiebidan.
mTavari gamgeoba
SeniSvna 1. avadmyofobis dros mRvdelmTavars ufleba aqvs wargzavnos krebazed Tavisi

warmomadgeneli sasuliero piri.
SeniSvna 2. moqmed eparqiad iTvleba, sadac msaxurobs ori mRvdeli mainc.
SeniSvna 3. delegatad ar SeiZleba arCeul iqmnes mRvdlis xarisxisagan gandgomili an
gankveTili.
$4. sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio krebas iwvevs da Tavmjdomareobs kaTolikozi, xolo, roca igi ar aris, misi mosaydre. kreba irCevs prezidiumis
danarCen wevrebs da mdivnebs. kreba moiwveva saWiroebis mixedviT, mTavrobis nebarTviT. kreba kanonieria, Tu mowveulTa naxevarze meti gamocxaddeba.
$5. saqarTvelos eklesiis krebis kompetencias eqvemdebareba: a) adgilobrivi
saeklesio kanonmdebloba; b) uzenaesi saeklesio samarTali; g) sabolood garCeva
da gadawyveta im saqmeebisa, romelTac mas kaTolikozi an misi mosaydre warud-
302
gens; d) arCeva kaTolikozisa; e) Zveli kaTedrebis aRdgena, axali eparqiebis

gaxsna an arsebul eparqiaTa daxurva da sazRvrebis gamijvna; v) zrunva sasuliero
saswavlebelTa daarsebisa da nivTierad uzrunvelyofisaTvis.
$6. kaTolikozi. saWeTmpyroblad (mTavar winamZRvrad) eklesiisa iTvleba
mTavarepiskopozi mcxeTisa da tfilisisa da sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikozpatriarqi, romelsac irCevs saqarTvelos eklesiis kreba, faruli xmis micemiT.
arCeulad CaiTvleba kandidati, romelic umravles amomrCev xmas miiRebs, magram
damswre amomrCevelT xmebis naxevarze mets.
SeniSvna 1. kaTolikoz-patriarqi pasuxismgebelia mxolod krebis winaSe.
SeniSvna 2. sakaTolikozo kandidatisaTvis berobis miReba savaldebulo ar aris. fizikurisa
da zneobrivis mxriv igi unda akmayofilebdes saeklesio kanonTa moTxovnilebas da sasurvelia
$7. sakrebaTaSoriso periodSi sruliad saqarTvelos eklesiis uzenaes uflebaTa ganmaxorcielebelia kaTolikoz-patriarqi.
$8. kaTolikoz-patriarqi Tavis movaleobaTa aRsrulebis dros xelmZRvanelobs saRmrTo weriliT, msoflio da adgilobriv (maT Soris saqarTvelos
eklesiis) krebaTa dadgenilebiT da saxelmwifoSi momqmedi kanonmdeblobiT.
$9. kaTolikoz-patriarqis kompetencia aseTia: a) is Tavmjdomareobs sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio krebas; b) mwyemsmTavrulad mimoixilavs sakaTolikozos eparqiebs da xelmZRvanelobas uwevs episkoposebs saeparqio marTva-gamgeobaSi;
g) mis saxels ixsenieben wirva-locvis dros sakaTolikozos mRvdelmTavrebi da
samRvdeloeba; d) zrunva saeklesio swavla-moZRvrebisa, qarTuli RvTismetyvelebis
ayvavebisa da Seuryvnelad dacvisaTvis; e) zrunavs samwysoTa sarwmunoebriv-zneobrivi warmatebisaTvis; v) zrunavs taZarTa, saqvelmoqmedo da sasuliero saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebaTa keTilmowyobisaTvis; z) Suamdgomlobs saTanado dawesebulebaTa winaSe saqvelmoqmedo da sasuliero samoswavlo saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebaTa daarsebis Sesaxeb; H ) zrunavs samRvdeloebis qonebrivad uzrunvelyofisaTvis; T) zrunavs samsaxuridan gasul samRvdelo pirTa, saeklesio dawesebulebaTa moxeleTa da samRvdeloebis qvriv-obolTaTvis; i) zrunavs saRmrTo da
saeklesio-saRvTismsaxuro wignTa Sesworebisa da gamocemisaTvis; ia) anTavisuflebs mRvdelmTavarTa, Tanaxmad maTis Txovnisa, samsaxuridan; ib) niSnavs revizias sxvadasxva saWiroebaTa da SemTxvevaTa gamo; ig) ganixilavs saeparqio da
sakaTolikozos wliur angariSebs; id) zrunavs krebaze gansaxilvel sakiTxTa damuSavebisa da masalebis SekrebisaTvis; ie) zrunavs galobis aRdgena-gamSvenebisaTvis; iv) zrunavs uepiskopozod darCenil eparqiaTaTvis; iz) aZlevs droebiT
Tavisuflebas episkopozebs da daTxovnis sigelebs im episkopozebs, romelnic
droebiT eparqiidan sxvagan sadme midian; i H) iRebs saCivrebs episkopozTa Sesaxeb
da aZlevs am saCivrebs kanonier msvlelobas; iT) saWiro SemTxvevaSi, aZlevs rCevas
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da mwyemsmTavrul SeniSvnas episkopozebs; k) miwer-mowera aqvs sxva avtokefalur

eklesiebTan da saxelmwifo umaRles dawesebulebebTan.
$10. kaTolikozs yvanan TanamSromlebi: rwmunebuli (samoqalaqo dawesebulebebTan urTierTobisaTvis), mdivani da sameurneo nawilis gamge.
$11. kaTolikoz-patriarqis da eparqiaTa mRvdelmTavrebis Sesanaxi xarjebi
unda gaRebul iqmnas winandeburad: mRvdelmTavarTaTvis samrevloebidan, xolo
kaTolikoz-patriarqisaTvis sameurneo gamgeobis Tanxidan.
SeniSvna: sameurneo gamgeobis Tanxa Sedgeba: kaTolikoz-patriarqis eparqiebis eklesiebisa da zedmiweril mRvdelTa Semosavlis, da mRvdelmTavarTa saeparqio Semosavlis gansazRvrul %-dan.
$12. kaTolikoz-patriarqTan arsebobs saeklesio sinodi, romlis

wevreba d i Tv leb ian m marTveli mRvdelm Tav rebi da ka Toliko z- patria rq is
qorepiskopozi.
$13. kaTolikoz-patriarqi, mociqulTa 34-e kanonis Tanaxmad, saWiroebis
mixedviT iwvevs kaTolikoz-patriarqis TanaQ saeklesio sinods da mimarTavs
samwysos saxelmZRvanelo epistoleebiT.
$14. kaTolikoz-patriarqi uflebamosilia miuboZos mRvdelmTavarT sapatio
titulebi da jildoebi.
sinodi
SeniSvna: kaTolikos-patriarqs, mRvdelmTavrebs da eklesiebis winamZRvrebs aqvT Tqvifarebi da beWdebi saTanado mTavrobis mier registrirebuli.
$15. sinodis sxdoma kanonieria, Tu mas daeswreba Tavmjdomare da mowveul

wevrTa naxevari.
$16. sinodis wevrT ar aqvT ufleba Tavi Seikavon xmis micemisagan.
igi sxdomazed da ara ugvianes sami dRisa warudginos werilobiT sxdomis Tavmjdomares, JurnalSi Sesatanad, an dasarTvelad.
$19. sakiTxis aRZvris ufleba aqvs sinodis yvela wevrs, am uflebis gansaxorcieleblad saWiroa werilobiTi gancxadebis Setana kaTolikoz-patriarqis an
misi mosaydris saSvalebiT, romelic movalea aRniSnuli gancxadeba gadasces
gansaxilvelad sinodis uaxloes krebas.
$20. rodesac sinodSi irCeva saqme sinodis wevris ukanono moqmedebaTa gamo,
dainteresebul pirs neba aqvs darCes darbazSi saqmis moxsenebis dros da miawodos
sinods saWiro ganmarteba, magram, rodesac sinodi Seudgeba ganCinebis gamotanas,
ueWvelad unda dastovos darbazi.
$21. sinodis ganCinebas xels awers yvelaze uwin Tavmjdomare da mas ukan
yvela im sxdomaze damswre wevri, miuxedavad imisa, Tanaxmad iyo igi gamotanil
ganCinebisa Tu ara.
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$22. sakaTolikozoSi arsebuli monastrebi xelmZRvaneloben kaTolikoz-patriarqis mier damtkicebul wesdebiT.

$23. episkopozi. eparqiaSi kaTolikoz-patriarqis TanaSemwe da sarwmunoebriv-zneobrivi cxovrebis xelmZRvaneli aris episkopozi. fizikurad, zneobrivad da gonebrivad saepiskopozo kandidati unda akmayofilebdes saeklesio kanonTa moTxovnilebas.
SeniSvna 1. saepiskopozo kandidatisaTvis berad Sedgoma savaldebulo ar aris. magram

igi ar SeiZleba iyos coliani.
SeniSvna 2. mitropolitebi pativiT episkoposebze maRla dganan; mwyemsmTavarni pativdebul iqmnebian qirotoniis uxucesobis mixedviT.
SeniSvna 3. mRvdelmTavars hyavs mdivani, romelic xazinadrobasac asrulebs.
$24. eparqiis mRvdelmTavars da qorepiskopozs niSnavs kaTolikoz-patriarqi im

pirTagan, romelTa saepiskopozo kandidatura mowonebulia mRvdelmTavarTa mier.
$25. episkopozi (mitropoliti) aris sakaTedro taZris winamZRvari. mis
kompetencias ekuTvnis: a) sruli ufleba mTel eparqiaSi moZRvrebisa; b) ufleba
yovelgvar mRvdelmoqmedebis Sesrulebisa; g) zrunva, raTa mis eparqiaSi morwmuneni saR saeklesio swavlebas icavdnen; d) mas aqvs ufleba axsnas qorwinebis dros
zogierTi dabrkolebani, romelnic naTesavur kavSiridan gamomdinareoben; e) sarwmunoebriv saqmeebSi masze damokidebulni arian eparqiis yvela wevrebi; v) mis
saxels aRavlens wirva-locvis dros mTeli eparqiis samRvdeloeba; z)episkopozs
ufleba aqvs damnaSave mRvdels mRvdelmoqmedeba aukrZalos, epitemia daados, anu
moxsnas, da saWiroebis mixedviT Tavis eparqiisaTvis gamosces werilobiTi gankarguleba ni.
episkopozi valdebulia: a) daemorCilos saeklesio kanonebsa da kaTolikozpatriarqis mier gamocemul dadgenilebaTa, xolo roca ama Tu im saeklesio
kanonisa an dadgenilebis Sesaxeb gaugebroba rame daebadeba, gansamarteblad kaTolikoz-patriarqs mihmarTos; b) cxoveli kavSiri iqonios samwysosTan da am
mizniT xSir-xSirad mimoixilos Tavisi eparqia; g) yvelaferSi daemorCilos
sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio krebas; d) sxva eparqiaSi Tavisi nebiT ara
daiwyos ra; e) pativiscemiT epyrobodes sxva mRvdelmTavrebs.
$26. eparqiis eklesiaTa saWiroebaTa dasakmayofileblad sanTliT, sakmeveliT,
SesamoseliT, jvrebiT, gvirgvinakebiT da sxva nivTebiT mRvdelmTavars SeuZlian
gamoiTxovos saTanado xelisuflebisagan nebarTva xsenebul nivTebis damamzadebel
saxelosnos gaxsnisaTvis.
ganagebs mTavarxucesi, romelsac niSnavs eparqiis mRvdelmTavari.
saolqo mmarTveloba
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$28. mTavarxucesi: a) zrunavs samrevloebSi saeklesio cxovrebis mowesrigebisa

da warmatebisaTvis; b) qvriv-obol-gaWirvebulTaTvis; g) zrunavs moawesrigos
krebulis wevrTa Soris amtydari uTanxmoebani da d) aZlevs krebulis wevrT
Tavisuflebas ara umetes ori kvirisa.
$29. samrevlo aris erTis sarwmunoebriv-zneobrivi mizniT, saeklesio meurneobiT, sakuTaris krebulis xelmZRvanelobiT, saerTo taZris garSemo
Semokrebili da episkopozze kanoniurad damokidebuli morwmuneTa sazogadoeba,
romelic gatarebulia registraciaSi saTanado samoqalaqo xelisuflebis mier,
Tanaxmad morwmuneTagan eparqiis mRvdelmTavris meSveobiT Setanil gancxadebisa.
gancxadebas xels unda awerdnen ara umcires 20 srulwlovan morwmunisa.
$30. registraciaSi gatarebis Semdeg samrevlo Rebulobs saTanado xelisuflebisagan gansakuTrebul xelSekrulebiT uvado da ufaso sargeblobisaTvis taZars an samlocvelo Senobas da RvTismsaxurebisaTvis saWiro sagnebs, da movalea
daicvas misdami gadacemuli qoneba xelSekrulebis Tanaxmad.
rom sakuTari taZrisa da krebuli s Senaxv a ar SeuZliaT; Tu registra ciaSi
gatarebulma samrevlom da mRvdelmsaxurebma mxvedri gadasaxadi ar (an ver)
Seitanes. samrevlo, ssr kavSiris saxkomsabWosTan arsebul marTlmadidebel eklesiis sabWos rwmunebulTan SeTanxmebiT, ixureba da mRvdels ekrZaleba RvTismsaxurebis Sesruleba.
$32 TviTeul samrevlos uWiravs gansazRvruli teritoria, romlis sazRvrebi
SeiZleba Seicvalos sxva samrevloebTan SeTanxmebiT da saTanado saeklesio da
samoqalaqo mTavrobis nebarTviT.
samrevlo
SeniSvna 1. qalaqSi samrevloTaTvis teritoriuli principis dacva savaldebulo ar aris.

SeniSvna 2. erTsa da imave samrevloSi SeiZleba iyos zedmiwerili taZari, romelSiac, Tu
saWiroeba moiTxovs da mosaxerxebelic iqmneba, sruldeba yovelgvari RvTismsaxureba.
$33. samrevlos ganagebs saeparqio mTavrobis zedamxedvelobis qveSe samrevlo

sabWo, romelic Sesdgeba krebulis yvela wevrTa da ara umcires samis wevrisa,
romelTac irCevs samrevlo kreba, sami wlis vadiT. samrevlo sabWos Tavmjdomareobs eklesiis winamZRvari, xolo roca igi ar aris, maSin sabWo TviTon irCevs
Tavmjdomares Tvis Soris. sabWos sxdomebi imarTeba TveSi erTxel, xolo, Tu
saWiroeba moiTxovs, ufro xSiradac. saqmeebi swydeba ubralo xmis umetesobiT,
xolo, roca xmebi Tanabrad iyofa, maSin is azri upiratesobs, romelsac Tavmjdomare emxroba.
SeniSvna 1. Tu samrevlo krebisa da sabWos ganCineba eklesiis winamZRvars miaCnia eklesiis
306

an gankveTili.
$34. samrevlo sabWos kompetencia aris: a) eklesiis qonebis marTva-gamgeoba;

b) misdami gacemul qonebis movla-patronoba da samoqalaqo mTavrobis winaSe
pasuxismgebloba; g) miReba keTilmneblobiTi Sewirulebisa da misi daniSnulebisamebr moxmareba; d) zrunva eklesiisa da krebulis Sesanax saSualebaTa gasaZliereblad; e) zrunva taZrisa da RvTismsaxurebis keTilmowyobisaTvis; v) zrunva qvriv-obolTa da gaWirvebulTaTvis qvelmoqmedebis wesiT; z) aRZvra saqmisa
im pirTa winaaRmdeg, romelnic eklesiasa da mis qonebas zians miayeneben; eparqialuri mTavrobis mier gamoZiebis moxdenis Semdeg damnaSave, mRvdelmTavris ssr
kavSiris saxkomsabWosTan arsebul marTlmadidebel eklesiis sabWos rwmunebulTan
SeTanxmebiT, moixsneba adgilidan da mis magier arCeul iqneba sxva piri; H) winaswari
damuSaveba im sakiTxebisa, romelic samrevlo krebam unda ganixilos; T) samrevlo
qonebisa da Tanxebis yovelTviuri Semowmeba; i) Tavisi moqmedebis wliuri angariSis Sedgena mTavarxucesisa da samrevlo krebisaTvis warsadgenad; ia) igi avalebs
erT-erT wevrs sameurneo nawilis gamgeobas, xolo erT-erT wevrs _ xazindarobas
da ib) sabWos davalebiT krebulis wevrs SeuZlia orive Tanamdebobis asruleba.
SeniSvna 1. sameurneo nawilis gamged da xazinadrad SeiZleba arCeul iqmnes qalic.
SeniSvna 2. samrevlo krebis mier sami kacisagan arCeul sarevizio komisias evaleba kvartalSi erTxel gaukeTos revizia samrevlo qonebas.
$35. krebuli. krebulis aucilebel wevrad iTvlebian: mRvdeli da wignismkiTxveli, xolo, sadac SesaZlebelia - samrevlos diakonic (mTavari).
SeniSvna: diakoni da wignis-mkiTxveli arian mxolod Tanamsaxurni mRvdlisa da uimisod
araviTari mRvdelmoqmedebis Sesruleba ar SeuZlianT.
$36. eklesiis krebulis wevrs mRvdels, diakons da wignis mkiTxvels niSnavs

eparqiis mRvdelmTavari.
$37. mRvdeli. mRvdeli valdebulia: a) mudam Tavis samrevloSi scxovrobdes
da samrevlo ar dastovos, gansakuTrebiT roca iq raime moaruli seni gaCndeba da
roca samrevlos gansacdeli ram moelis; b) gansakuTrebul Tval-yurs adevnebdes
sazogadoebrivi RvTismsaxureba dawesebul dros, sofelSi ki iseT saaTebSi, romelic
ar SeuSlis xels sasoflo sameurneo muSaobaTa warmoebas; d) mrevlis moTxovnilebisamebr aasrulos saWiro mRvdelmoqmedeba; e) Tvalyuri adevnos mrevlSi
saeklesio disciplinisa da zneobis dacvas; v) roca samsaxuris dros ama Tu im
sakiTxis Sesaxeb eWvi daebadeba, movalea axsna-ganmartebisaTvis mTavarxucess da
saeparqio mTavrobas mimarTos; z) mis upirveles movaleobas Seadgens eklesiaSi
qadageba da sazogadod swavla-moZRvreba; H ) mRvdeli movalea krebulis sxva
wevrTa saSualebiT saeklesio sabuTebi awarmoos.
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$38. samRvdelo da sadiakvno kandidatebs unda hqondesT sakmao sazogado

ganviTareba, icoden saeklesio tibikoni da kiTxva-galoba, rac windawinve unda
iqmnes Semowmebuli saeparqio mTavrobis mier.
SeniSvna 1. mRvdels neba aqvs Seasrulos RvTismsaxurebis dros diakonis samsaxuri diakonisave SesamoselSi, xolo ipodiakons neba eZleva kvereqsis warmoTqmisa.
SeniSvna 2. wignis-mkviTxvelad SeiZleba arCeul iqmnes qalic.

cxovrebisa, saeklesio wyobilebisa da saeklesio samsaxuris winaaRmdeg, romelTaTvisac saeklesio kanoniT dadgenilia gansazRvruli sasjeli anu zomebi zRvevisa da gasworebisa; mRvdelmoqmedebis aRkveTa, samsaxuridan gadayeneba, eklesiis
wevrobidan garicxva, saeklesio epitimiis dadeba morwmuneebze da samRvdelo
pirebze; jvris weris gauqmebis saqme.
$49. kaTolikozi asrulebs uzenaes sasuliero sasamarTlo funqciebs sakrebaTaSoriso periodSi. yovelive danaSauloba eklesiur-sarwmunoebriv TvalsazrisiT, romelic Seexeba morwmuneTa da samRvdelo pirTa, eqvemdebareba mas.
$51. mRvdelmTavarTa Sesaxeb saCivrebs ixilavs da maT Sesaxeb sabolovo msjavri
gamoaqvs kaTolikozisTanaQ saeklesio sinods. mRvdelmTavarTa arakanonier moqmedebaTa gamo TviT kaTolikozisTanaQ sinodsac aqvs ufleba saqmis aRZvrisa.
saeklesio samarTali
gadmobeWdilia wignidan - debuleba saqarTvelos eklesiis marTva-gamgeobisaTvis, 1945 w.
308
saqarTvelos eklesiis XIII gafarToebuli kreba (18-19.09.1995)

1995 wlis 18-19 seqtembers svet-
wmida mRvdelmTavrebi gabriel qiqoZe,
icxovlis taZarSi Sedga saqarTvelos

eklesiis gafarToebuli kreba.
aleqsandre oqropiriZe, wmida mRvdelmowame grigol feraZe, Rirsi mama aleq-
krebam 19 seqtembers ganixila da

daamtkica debulebis proeqti. wina dRiT
kreba gaxsna da Sesavali sityva warmo-
si SuSania.
krebam g azarda eparqiaT a ricxvi
15-is nacvlad Seiqmna 27 eparqia. ek-
Tqva sruliad saqarTvelos kaTalikospatriarqma, uwmidesma da unetaresma ilia
lesiis mowyobis safuZvlad gamocxadebulia wmida werili da saRmrTo gad-
II-m. eparqiaTa mmarTvelma mRvdelmTavrebma krebas movaxseneT eparqiaTa mdgomareobis Sesaxeb, dRis wesrigi ganisazRvra
ramdenime sakiTxiT, romelnic Seexebodnen
sasuliero ganaTlebis mdgomareobas da
misi gaumjobesebis gzebs, sapatriarqos
misionerul programas, axali wmidaneb-
mocema, wmida mociqulTa, msoflio, adgilobriv da wmida mamaTa kanonebi da

wesdebebi. saqarTvelos eklesiis adgilobriv krebaTa dadgenilebani (krebis
mier gamocemuli debuleba), saqarTvelos konstitucia da Sesabamisi kanonebi. saeklesio xelisuflebisa da mmarTve-
is kanonizirebas. krebam Tavisi gansakuTrebuli yuradReba miapyro momaval

RvTismsaxurTa ganaTlebis sakiTxsa da
axali debulebis SemoRebis saWiroebas.
lobis umaRles organod gamocxadebulia àdgilobrivi saeklesio kreba

saqarTvelos eklesiis wmida sinodi,
xolo krebebs Soris periodSi umaRle-
debulebis proeqti krebaze warmoadgina

Tbilisis sasuliero akademiis proreqtorma. krebam wmidanTa dasSi Seracxa
wmida patriarqi aRmsarebeli ambrosi
xelaia, wmida mowameni mitropoliti
si saeklesio xelisufali da mmarTveli

aris sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikospatriarqi~. wmida sinodis erT-erT movaleobas me-2 Tavis me-20 muxlis Tanaxmad, warmoadgens `saeklesio kanonebis
nazari krebuliTurT (mRvdlebi germane

jajaniZe, ieroTeoz nikolaZe, simon mWedliZe, diakoni besarion kuxianiZe),
krebulis~ gamocema. am mxriv qvemdebare

naSromi warmoadgens am muxlis aRsasruleblad Sesrulebul samuSaos.
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saqarTvelos avtokefaluri marTlmadidebeli

eklesiis marTva-gamgeobis debuleba
(miRebulia saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis gafarToebuli adgilobrivi krebis mier 1995 wlis 18-19 seqtembers, mcxeTa, sveticxoveli)
$1. saqarTvelos sapatriarqo - saqarTvelos
marT lmadidebeli eklesi a aris mrava lerova ni adgilobri vi avtokefaluri
(damoukidebeli) marTlmadidebeli eklesia, romlis did umravlesobas qarTveli
mosaxleoba Seadgens. igi imyofeba dogmatur-sarwmunoebriv-liturgikul erTianobasa da locviT-kanonikur urTierTobaSi yvela sxva adgilobriv avtokefalur marTlmadidebel eklesiebTan.
$2. saqarTvelos adgilobirivi avtokefaluri marTlmadidebeli eklesiis
(Semdgom - saqarTvelos eklesiis) iurisdiqciaSi Sedian:
1. saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi yvela marTlmadidebeli qristiani.
2 . sa q a r T v el o s sa z Rv re b s ga re T m cx o v r eb i i s m a r T l m a di d eb el i
qa rT veleb i, romleb zedac a r vrceldeba sxva a dgi lo brivi m arTlm adideb eli eklesi i s i uri sdiq cia .
3. somxeTis respublikaSi mcxovrebi marTlmadidebeli qristianebi.
4. saqarTvelos sazRvrebs gareT mcxovrebi is marTlmadidebeli qristianebi,
romlebic ar Sedian sxva adgilobrivi marTlmadidebeli eklesiebis iurisdiqciaSi da aqvT survili iyvnen saqarTvelos avtokefaluri marTlmadidebeli eklesiis
iurisdiqciaSi.
$3. saqarTvelos eklesia iyofa eparqiebad, samTavarxucesoebad da samrevloebad.
$4. saqarTvelos eklesiaSi Sedis 27 (ocdaSvidi) eparqia maTSi Semavali qalaqebiTa da raionebiT:
1. mcxeTa-Tbilisis eparqia - q. Tbilisi Tavis raionebiT, q. mcxeTa, mcxeTisa da gardabnis raionebi. sof. wilknis, muxranisa da saguramos gamoklebiT.
kaTedra da rezidencia _ mcxeTasa da TbilisSi;
2. alaverdis eparqia - q. Telavi, q. axmeta, Telavisa da axmetis raionebi.
mRvdelmTavris wodeba: episkoposi abba alaverdeli. kaTedra _ alaverdSi,
rezidencia _ TelavSi.
3. axalcixis eparqia - q. axalcixe, axalcixis, aspinZisa da adigenis raionebi.
mRvdelmTavris wodeba: episkoposi axalcixeli. kaTedra da rezidencia _ axalcixesa da safaraSi;
Tavi I. zogadi d ebulebani
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4. ba Tumisa da sxal Tis ep arqia - q. baTumi, q. qobuleTi, qobuleTis,

xelvaCauris, qedas, Suaxevis da xulos raionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba: episkopozi baTumisa da sxalTisa. kaTedra _ baTumsa da sxalTaSi, rezidencia _
baTumsa da qobuleTSi;
5. bodbis eparqia - q. siRnaRi, siRnaRisa da dedofliswyaros raionebi.
mRvdelmTavris wodeba: episkoposi bodbeli. kaTedra _ bodbeSi, rezidencia _
bodbesa da siRnaRSi.
6. bolnisisa da dmanisis eparqia - q. bolnisi, q. dmanisi, bolnisisa da
dmanisis raionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba: episkoposi bolnisisa da dmanisisa.
kaTedra da rezidencia _ bolnissa da dmanisSi;
7. borjomisa da axalqalaqis eparqia - q. borjomi, q. axalqalaqi, borjomisa, axalqalaqisa da ninowmindis raionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba: episkoposi borjomisa da axalqalaqisa. kaTedra _ borjomSi, rezidencia _ borjomSi,
axalqalaqsa da ninowmidaSi;
8. va nis a da ba Rda Tis epa rqia - q. vani, vanisa da baRdaTis raionebi.
mRvdelmTavris wodeba: episkoposi vanisa da baRdaTisa. kaTedra _ baRdaTSi,
rezidencia _ vansa da baRdaTSi;
9. zugdidisa da caiSis eparqia - q. zugdidi, q. walenjixa, zugdidisa da
walenjixis raionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba: episkoposi zugdidisa da caiSisa.
kaTedra _ zudgidsa da caiSSi, rezidencia _ zugdidsa da walenjixaSi.
10. manglisisa da walkis eparqia - q. TeTriwyaro, q. walka, TeTriwyarosa da
walkis raionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba: episkoposi manglisisa da walkisa,
kaTedra da rezidencia _ manglissa da walkaSi;
11. margveTis eparqia - q. zestafoni, q. Terjola, zestafonis, Terjolisa da
xaragaulis raionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba: episkoposi margveli. kaTedra _
zestafonSi, rezidencia _ zestafonSi, Terjolasa da xaragaulSi;
12. nekresis eparqia - q. yvareli, q. lagodexi, yvarelisa da lagodexis
raionebi, masSi aseve Sedian saingilos eklesiebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba: episkoposi nekreseli. kaTedra _ nekressa da yvarelSi, rezidencia _ yvarelsa da
lagodexSi;
13. nikorwmindis eparqia - q. ambrolauri, q. oni, ambrolaurisa da onis
raionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba: episkoposi nikorwmindeli. kaTedra _ nikorwmindaSi, rezidnecia _ ambrolaursa da onSi;
14. niqozisa da cxinvalis eparqia - q. cxinvali, cxinvalisa da axalgoris,
javisa da znauris raionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba: episkoposi niqozisa da
cxinvalisa. kaTedra da rezidencia _ niqozsa da cxinvalSi;
15. rusTavis eparqia - q. rusTavi, q. marneuli, marneulis raioni. mRvdelmTavris
wodeba: episkoposi rusTavisa. kaTedra _ rusTavSi, rezidencia _ rusTavsa da marneulSi;
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16. samTavisisa da goris eparqia - q. gori, q. kaspi, gorisa da kaspis raionebi.

mRvdelmTavris wodeba: episkoposi samTavisisa da gorisa. kaTedra da rezidencia _ samTavissa da gorSi;
17. sagarejosa da gurjaanis eparqia - q. sagarejo, q. gurjaani, sagarejosa da
gurjaanis raionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba: episkoposi sagarejosa da gurjaanisa.
kaTedra _ sagarejosa da gurjaanSi, rezidencia _ gurjaansa da ninowmidaSi.
18. urbnisisa da ruisis eparqia - q. xaSuri, q. qareli, xaSurisa da qarelis
raionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba: episkoposi urbnisisa da ruisisa. kaTedra _
urbnisSi, ruissa da xaSurSi, rezidencia _ xaSurSi;
19 foTis eparqia - q. foTi, q. xobi, q. senaki, foTis, xobisa da senakis
raionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba: episkoposi foTisa. kaTedra _ foTSi, rezidencia _ foTSi, xobsa da senakSi;
20 quTais-gaenaTis eparqia - q. quTaisi, wyaltubosa da tyibulis raionebi.
mRvdelmTavris wodeba: episkoposi quTaTel-gaenaTeli. kaTedra da rezidencia
_ quTaissa da gelaTSi.
21. Semoqmedis eparqia - q. ozugeTi, q. lanCxuTi, ozurgeTis, lanCxuTisa da
Coxatauris raionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba: episkoposi Semoqmedeli kaTedra
_ Semoqmedsa da ozurgeTSi, rezidencia _ ozurgeTSi, lanCxuTsa da CoxataurSi;
22. cagerisa da svaneTis eparqia - q. cageri, cageris, mestiis da lentexis
raionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba: episkoposi cagerisa da svaneTisa. kaTedra _
cagersa da mestiaSi, rezidencia _ cagerSi, mestiasa da lentexSi;
23. cxum-afxazeTis eparqia - q. soxumi, q. oCamCire, q. gali, q. gudauTa,
q. gagra, soxumis, gulrifSis, galis, oCamCiris, gagrisa da gudauTis raionebi.
mRvdelmTavris wodeba: episkoposi cxum-afxazeTis. kaTedra _ soxumSi da axal
aTonze, rezidencia _ soxumSi, gudauTasa da gagraSi;
24 wilknis eparqia - q. duSeTi, sof. wilkani, muxrani da saguramo, duSeTis,
yazbegisa da TianeTis raionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba: episkoposi wilkneli.
kaTedra _ wilkanSi, rezidencia _ wilkanSi, duSeTsa da TianeTSi;
25. WiaTuris eparqia - WiaTuris da saCxeris raionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba:
episkoposi WiaTurisa. kaTedra _ WiaTuraSi, rezidencia _ WiaTurasa da saCxereSi;
26. Wyo ndid is e parq ia - q. abaSa, q. ma rtvili, aba Sis, martvilisa da
Cxorowyus raionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba: episkoposi Wyondideli. kaTedra
_ martvilSi, rezidencia _ martvilSi, abaSisa da CxorowyuSi;
27. xonis eparqia - q. samtredia, q. xoni, samtrediis da xonis raionebi.
mRvdelmTavris wodeba: episkoposi xoneli. kaTedra _ xonSi, rezidencia _
xonsa da samtrediaSi.
$5. saqarTvelos eklesia Tavis moRvaweobas axorcielebs Semdeg safuZvelze:
1. wmida werili da saRmrTo gadmocema;
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2. wmidaTa mociqulTa, wmidaTa msoflio da adgilobriv krebaTa da wmidaTa

mamaTa kanonebi da wesdebebi;
3. saqarTvelos eklesiis adgilobriv krebaTa dadgenilebani;
4. saqarTvelos avtokefaluri marTlmadidebeli eklesiis marTva-gamgeobis
debuleba, saqarTvelos konstitucia da Sesabamisi kanonebi.
$6. saqarTvelos eklesia gamoyofilia saxelmwifosagan, damoukidebelia da
axorcielebs masTan urTierTobas saeklesio kanonebis, saxelmwifo konstituciisa da Sesabamisi kanonmdeblobis safuZvelze.
$7. saeklesio xelisuflebisa da mmarTvelobis umaRles organos warmoadgens
saqarTvelos eklesiis adgilobrivi saeklesio kreba _ saqarTvelos eklesiis
wmida sinodi, xolo krebebs Soris periodSi umaRlesi saeklesio xelisufali da
mmarTveli aris sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi.
SeniSvna: `saqarTvelos eklesiis wmida sinodi~ aris saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis adgilobrivi saeklesio krebis meore oficialuri dasaxeleba.
$8. saeklesio sasamarTlos ufleba aqvT: saqarTvelos eklesiis adgilobriv

saeklesio krebas - saqarTvelos eklesiis wmida sinods, sruliad saqarTvelos
kaTolikos-patriarqs da eparqiis mmarTvel mRvdelmTavars.
$9. saqarTvelos sapatriarqo, misi ganyofilebebi, dawesebulebebi, eparqiebi,
samrevloebi, monastrebi, sasuliero saswavleblebi da sazRvargareT arsebuli
samrevloebi da dawesebulebebi sargebloben iuridiuli piris uflebiT.
Tavi II. saqarTvelos adgilobrivi marTlmadidebeli eklesiis saek-
$1. saqarTvelos eklesiaSi umaRlesi xelisufleba moZRvrebis, saeklesio mmarTvelobisa da saeklesio

sasamarTlos sferoebSi, anu - sakanonmdeblo, aRmasrulebeli da sasamarTlo
xelisufleba ekuTvnis saqarTvelos eklesiis saeklesio krebas - saqarTvelos
eklesiis wmida sinods.
$2. saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis wmida sinods iwvevs sruliad
saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi (an misi mosaydre) saWiroebis mixedviT, weliwadSi aranakleb orjer da Tavmjdomareobs mas.
$3. saqarTvelos eklesiis wmida sinodis wevrebi arian saqarTvelos eklesiis
eparqiaTa mmarTveli mRvdelmTavrebi da sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis qorepiskoposebi.
$4. saqarTvelos eklesiis wmida sinodi:
1. ganmartavs wmida werilisa da wmida gardamocemis safuZvelze marTlmadidebeli eklesiis swavlebas. zrunavs sxva adgilobriv avtokefalur marTlmadidebel
eklesiebTan dogmatur-sarwmunoebrivsa da kanonikur erTianobaze.
2. ixilavs da wyvets kanonikur, saRvTismsaxuro, samoZRvro da sxva sakiTxebs,
romlebic exebian eklesiis saSinao da sagareo moRvaweobas.
lesio kreba - saqarTvelos eklesiis wmida sinodi
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3. uzrunvelyofs saqarTvelos eklesiis erTianobas. icavs marTlmadidebeli

sarwmunoebis siwmidesa da qristianul zneobas.
4. adgens axal wmidanTa aRiarebas (kanonzomierebas) da Sesabamis RvTismsaxurebas.
5. zrunavs eklesiasa da saxelmwifos Soris samarTlebriv urTierTobebze,
eklesiis kanonebis, saeklesio krebebis dadgenilebebis, saqarTvelos avtokefaluri
marTlmadidebeli eklesiis marTva-gamgeobis debulebis, saxelmwifos konstituciisa
da kanonebis Sesabamisad.
6. iRebs principul gadawyvetilebebs sxva avtokefalur marTlmadidebel eklesiebTan urTierTobis Sesaxeb.
7. Sesabamisi saSualebebiT gamoxatavs Tavis damokidebulebas saxelmwifoSi da
mTel msoflioSi momxdari movlenebisa da wamoWrili problemebis Sesaxeb.
8. qmnis an auqmebs eparqiebs, cvlis maT teritoriul sazRvrebsa da saxelwodebebs.
9. irCevs saqarTvelos eklesiis mRvdelmTavrebs da axdens maT xeldasxmas.
10. saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, kaTolikos-patriarqis winadadebiT, gadahyavs
mRvdelmTavrebi erTi eparqiidan meoreSi.
11. saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi iRebs gadawyvetilebas mmarTveli mRvdelmTavrebis
pensiaSi gasvlis Sesaxeb.
12. ismens mmarTveli mRvdelmTavrebis moxsenebebs eparqiis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb.
13. adgens proceduras yvela saeklesio sasamarTlosaTvis.
14. ganawesebs saeklesio jildoebs.
15. amtkicebs, cvlis, auqmebs da ganmartavs Tavis dadgenilebas, romlebic
Seexebian saeklesio cxovrebas.
16. sxvadasxva sakiTxis Sesaswavlad qmnis specialur komisiebs.
wm. sinodi zrunavs:
17. saqarTvelos eklesiis saSinao da sagareo moRvaweobis mniSvnelovani
saRvTismetyvelo problemebis gadaWrisaTvis.
18. wm. werilis teqstis dacvisa, Targmnisa da gamocemisaTvis.
19. saRvTismsaxuro wignebis teqstebis dacvis, gasworebisa da gamocemisaTvis.
20. saeklesio kanonebis krebuli s, sa suli ero da saero saswavleblebis
Sesabamisi saxelmZRvaneloebis, saRvTismetyvelo literaturisa da periodikis
ga mocemisaTvi s.
21. sasuliero ganaTlebis srulyofisaTvis.
22. sasuliero pirTa da eklesiis saero TanamSromelTa pensiiT uzrunvelyofisaTvis.
23. saeklesio saganZuris aRricxvis, dacvisa da SevsebisaTvis.
$5. saqarTvelos eklesiis wmida sinodis Tavmjdomare aris sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi an mis mier daniSnuli sapatriarqo taxtis mosaydre.
$6. wmida marTlmadidebeli eklesiis kanonebis Tanaxmad, is saeklesio kreba,
romelic ar aris mowveuli kaTolikos-patriarqis an mosaydris mier, ukanonoa.
314
$7. saqarTvelos eklesiis wm. sinodi aris pirveli da ukanaskneli instancia

saqarTvelos eklesiaSi, romelic uflebamosilia gaasamarTlos mRvdelmTavari,
ganixilos misi moRvaweobis dogmaturi da kanonikuri cdomileba.
$8. saqarTvelos eklesiis saeklesio kreba aris pirveli da ukanaskneli instancia saqarTvelos eklesiaSi, romelic sasamarTlo wesiT ganixilavs konfliqtebs mRvdelmTavrebs Soris
SeniSvna: yovelgvari saCivris gareSe saqarTvelos eklesiis saeklesio kreba uflebamosilia pasuxi agebinos im mRvdelmTavars, romelic cxadad arRvevs saeklesio kanonebsa da
wesdebebs.
$9. saqarTvelos eklesiis wm. sinodi aris ukanaskneli instancia im sasuliero da saero pirebisaTvis, romlebsac eparqiis mmarTvelma mRvdelmTavarma miusaja
mRvdelmsaxurebis akrZalva, samRvdelo xarisxidan gankveTa, sikvdilamde uziarebloba an eklesiidan gankveTa (anaTema); agreTve im sasuliero da saero pirebisaT vis, romlebsac aqvT sakma risi safuZveli Tavi anTi eparq iis m marTv eli
mRvdelmTavris ganaCenis gasaCivrebisaTvis.
$10. saqarTvelos eklesiis wm. sinodze gadawyvetilebis miReba xdeba xmebis
umravlesobiT. xmebis Tanabrad gayofis SemTxvevaSi miRebuli iqneba is gadawyvetileba, romlebsac emxroba krebis Tavmjdomare _ sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi (an mosaydre).
$11. saqarTvelos eklesiis wm. sinodi amtkicebs Tavisi sxdomebis Catarebis
dRis wesrigs, programasa da reglaments.
$12. saq arTvelos eklesi is wm . sino dze daswreba sa qarTv elos eklesiis
mRvdelmTavrebis kanonikuri valdebulebaa. mRvdelmTavars SeuZlia ar daeswros
wm. sinodis sxdomas avadmyofobis an sxva iseTi mniSvnelovani mizezis gamo,
romelsac wm. sinodi sapatiod cnobs. Tu mRvdelmTavari arasapatio mizezis gamo
ar gamocxaddeba wm. sinodze, maSin es eqvemdebareba mTeli krebisagan Zmur Segonebas
an mRvdelmoqmedebisagan droebiT ganyenebas.
$13. Tu mRvdelmTavari mniSvnelovani mizezis gamo ver daeswreba wm. sinodis
sxdomas, maSin is valdebulia wm. sinods werilobiT moaxsenos Tavisi Sexeduleba
gansaxilvel sakiTxebze.
$14. wm. sinodis arc erT wevrs ar SeuZlia xmis micemisagan Tavis Sekaveba. Tu
mRvdelmTavari ar eTanxmeba miRebul dadgenilebas, man es imave sxdomaze unda
ganacxados, xolo sxdomidan sami (3) dRis ganmavlobaSi werilobiT unda waradginos Tavisi mosazreba, romelic daerTveba saeklesio krebis oqmebs.
$15. saqarTvelos eklesiis wm. sinodis dadgenilebebi savaldebuloa saqarTvelos eklesiis yoveli wevrisaTvis.
$16. saqarTvelos eklesiis wm. sinodis dadgenilebebs pirvelad xels awers
krebis Tavmjdomare - sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi (an mosaydre),
315
Semdeg krebis wevrebi upiratesobis mixedviT, miuxedavad imisa, eTanxmebian Tu ara

ganxilul sakiTxebze miRebul gadawyvetilebas.
$17. saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis wm. sinodis dadgenilebebi ZalaSi Sedian miRebisTanave, Tu dadgenileba ar iTvaliswinebs sxva vadebs.
$18. saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis wm. sinodis sxdomis mowvevis
adgils irCevs sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi (an mosaydre).
$1. saqarTvelos
eklesiis gafarToebul saeklesio krebas iwvevs sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikospatriarqi an sapatriarqo taxtis mosaydre.
$2. saqarTvelos eklesiis gafarToebuli krebis mowveva xdeba mxolod or
SemTxvevaSi:
1. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis arCevisas.
2. saqarTvelos eklesiis marTva-gamgeobis axali debulebis damtkicebisas.
$3. saqarTvelos eklesiis gafarToebuli krebis SemadgenlobaSi Sedian:
a) wm. sinodis yvela wevri.
b) yoveli eparqiidan mowveuli ori sasuliero da erTi saero piri, TiToeuli monastridan, aseve sasuliero akademiebidan da seminariebidan warmodgenili
2-2 delegati, gelaTis mecnierebaTa akademiidan - 4 delegati da mcxeTa-Tbilisis eparqiidan imdenive warmomadgeneli, ramdenic iqneba mowveuli yvela danarCeni
eparqiidan.
$4. msoflio saeklesio krebaTa dadgenilebebis Tanaxmad, mRvdelmTavarni
gafarToebul saeklesio krebaze monawileoben xmis uflebiT, xolo samRvdelo da
samonazvno dasi, aseve saeroni monawileoben saTaTbiro xmis uflebiT.
$5. saqarTvelos eklesiis gafarToebul krebaze sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis brZanebiT SeiZleba mowveulni iyvnen mecnier-eqspertebi.
Tavi III. saqarTvelos eklesiis gafarToebuli kreba
$1. saqarTvelos
eklesiis saWeTmpyrobeli aris sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi da
mcxeTa-Tbilisis mTavarepiskoposi.
$2. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqobis kandidati unda akmayofilebdes Semdeg moTxovnebs:
- erovnebiT unda iyos qarTveli,
- unda iyos saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis mRvdelmTavari,
- unda hqondes saRvTismetyvelo ganaTleba da saeklesio mmarTvelobis sakmarisi gamocdileba,
- asakiT unda iyos aranakleb ormoci wlisa da araumetes samocdaaTi wlisa,
- unda iyos beri.
Tavi IV. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi
316
$3. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqs irCevs saqarTvelos eklesiis gafarToebuli kreba.

$4. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi gardacvalebis, gadadgomis
an sxva iseTi mizezis gamo, romelic SeuZlebels xdis kaTolikos-patriarqisaTvis
Tavis movaleobis Sesrulebas, kaTolikos-patriarqis mier dadgenili sapatriarqo taxtis mosaydre marTavs eklesias axali kaTolikos-patriarqis arCevamde.
$5. im SemTxvevaSi, roca sapatriarqo taxtis mosaydre dadgenili ar aris,
qirotoniiT upiratesi mRvdelmTavari avtomaturad xdeba mosaydre.
$6. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis gardacvalebis Semdeg qirotoniiT upiratesi mRvdelmTavari wm. sinodis wevrTa umravlesobis TandaswrebiT
xsnis kaTolikos-patriarqis mier datovebul anderZs da acxadebs sapatriarqo
taxtis mosaydris vinaobas.
$7. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikoz-patriarqis anderZiT dadgenili sapatriarqo taxtis mosaydrisadmi kanonikuri morCileba saqarTvelos eklesiis yoveli
wevris movaleobaa.
$8. sapatriarqo taxtis daqvrivebidan 40 dRis Semdeg, magram ara ugvianes ori
Tvisa, sapatriarqo taxtis mosaydre iwvevs saqarTvelos eklesiis gafarToebul
krebas, romelzedac moxdeba sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis arCeva.
$9. saqarTvelos eklesiis gafarToebuli krebis win mosaydre iwvevs wm. sinods, sapatriarqo kandidatebis SesarCevad.
$10. wm. sinodi irCevs gafarToebul krebaze warsadgen sam kandidats.
$11. wm. sinodis yvela wevrs aqvs ufleba warmoadginos erTi sapatriarqo
kandidati, maT Soris Tavisi Tavic.
$12. sami sapatriarqo kandidati, romlebic miiReben xmaTa umravlesobas,
kenWs iyrian gafarToebul krebaze, rogorc patriarqobis kandidatebi.
$13. gafarToebuli krebis yvela monawiles aqvs ufleba gamoTqvas azri kandidatis Sesaxeb.
$14. kaTolikos-patriarqis arCevis kenWisyraSi monawileobas iReben mxolod
mRvdelmTavrebi.
$15. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqad arCeulad CaiTvleba is kandidati, romelic miiRebs krebis monawile mRvdelmTavarTa xmebis naxevarze mets.
$16. Tu verc erTi kandidati ver miiRebs xmaTa naxevarze mets, tardeba xelmeore kenWisyra, romelSic monawileobas miiRebs is ori kandidati, romelic pirvel kenWisyraSi miiRebs xmaTa umravlesobas.
$17. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis aRsaydreba (intronizacia)
xdeba mcxeTis sveticxovlis wm. aTormet mociqulTa saxelobis sapatriarqo taZarSi.
$18. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis arCeva, marTlmadidebluri
tradiciis Tanaxmad, xdeba samudamod (kaTolikos-patriarqis gardacvalebamde).
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$19. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis sruli titulia: uwmidesi

da unetaresi, sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi da mcxeTa-Tbilisis
mTavarepiskoposi didi meufe, mamaQ Cveni...
$20. yvela sasuliero piri movalea RvTismsaxurebis dros moixsenos sruliad
saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis saxeli saqarTvelos eklesiis iurisdiqciaSi
Semaval yvela taZarSi, rogorc saqarTveloSi, aseve mis sazRvrebs gareT, Semdegi
formuliT: uwmidesi da unetaresi, sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi
da mcxeTa-Tbilisis mTavarepiskoposi didi meufe, mamaQ Cveni (saxeli).
$21. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis pativis niSnebia: Zowisferi mantia, Savi sapatriarqo kunkul-bartyuli jvriTa da frTebze gamosaxuli
serafimebiT, ori panaRia da jvari, didi paramani da jvris win gaZRolis ufleba.
$22. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqs aqvs Tavisi tvifri da beWedi.
$23. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi aris mcxeTa-Tbilisis eparqiis mmarTveli mRvdelmTavari.
$24. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis uSualo iurisdiqciaSi imyofebian rogorc Tbilisis sionis, mcxeTis sveticxovlis, gelaTis, moqvis da
gonios sakaTedro taZrebi, aseve yvela stavropigialuri monasteri.
$25. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi iwvevs da Tavmjdomareobs
saqarTvelos wm. sinods da gafarToebul krebas.
$26. krebaTa Soris periodSi saqarTvelos eklesiis umaRlesi saeklesio xelisufali da mmarTveli aris sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi.
$27. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi Tavis moRvaweobas axorcielebs Semdeg safuZvlebze:
1. wmida werili da saRmrTo gadmocema;
2. wmidaTa mociqulTa, wmidaTa msoflio da adgilobriv krebaTa da wmida
mamaTa kanonebi da wesdebebi;
3. saqarTvelos eklesiis adgilobriv krebaTa dadgenilebebi;
4. saqarTvelos avtokefaluri marTlmadidebeli eklesiis marTva-gamgeobis
debuleba, saqarTvelos konstitucia da Sesabamisi kanonebi.
$28. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi axorcielebs pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos funqciebs mcxeTa-Tbilisis eparqiis marTlmadidebeli
qristianebisaTvis, xolo meore instanciis sasamarTlos funqciebs saqarTvelos
eklesiis danarCeni eparqiebis marTlmadidebeli qristianebisaTvis, romelTac sakmarisi safuZveli aqvT gaasaCivron TavianTi mmarTveli mRvdelmTavris ganaCeni.
$29. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi uflebamosilia mamamTavruli
SeniSvna misces an saeklesio sasjeli Seufardos saqarTvelos eklesiis iurisdiqciaSi Semaval samRvdeloebas, ber-monozvnebsa da eriskacebs da Seatyobinos amis
Sesaxeb eparqiis mmarTvel mRvdelmTavars.
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$30. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi:

1. zrunavs saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis saeklesio dadgenilebebis
ganxorcielebisaTvis.
2. zrunavs saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis ierarqiis erTianobaze.
3. xels awers saqarTvelos eklesiis wmida sinodis dadgenilebebsa da sxva
saerTo-saeklesio dokumentebs.
4. urTierTobas amyarebs sxva avtokefaluri marTlmadidebeli eklesiis saWeTmpyrobelebTan, agreTve sxva aRmsareblobis xelmZRvanelobasTan, rogorc saqarTvelos avtokefaluri eklesiis saxeliT, aseve Tavisi piradi saxeliTac.
5. aris saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis sruluflebiani warmomadgeneli saxelmwifos xelisuflebis winaSe.
6. axorcielebs umaRles zedamxedvelobasa da kontrols yvela saeklesio saqmeze.
7. zrunavs Tavisufal samRvdelmTavro kaTedrebze, maT Sevsebaze.
8. zedamxedvelobs da xelmZRvanelobs axali mRvdelmTavris arCevas. sxva
mRvdelmTavarTan erTad axdens axali mRvdelmTavris xeldasxmas. aZlevs mas dadginebis sigels.
9. zedamxedvelobas uwevs mRvdelmTavrebs saeparqio marTva-gamgeobaSi. mwyemsmTavrulad mimoixilavs saqarTvelos eklesiis iurisdiqciaSi Semaval eparqiebs.
10. saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi avalebs mRvdelmTavrebs, sxva kanonebiT gaTvaliswinebuli mizezebis gamo, Tavisufali eparqiis droebiT mmarTvelobas.
11. aZlevs mRvdelmTavrebs Zmur rCevebsa da mwyemsmTavrul SeniSvnebs, rogorc
maTi piradi cxovrebis, aseve samRvdelmTavro movaleobis Sesrulebis Sesaxeb. maTi
mxridan uyuradRebobis SemTxvevaSi mimarTavs saqarTvelos eklesiis wmida sinods.
12. iRebs gansaxilvelad saqmeebs mRvdelmTavrebs Soris warmoSobili gaugebrobebis Sesaxeb. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis gadawyvetileba
orive mxarisaTvis savaldebuloa.
13. iRebs saCivrebs mRvdelmTavrebze da aZlevs maT kanonier msvlelobas.
14. nebarTvas aZlevs mRvdelmTavrebs samsaxurebrivi saqmeebis gamo sazRvargareT gamgzavrebaze.
15. amtkicebs eparqiebis mmarTveli mRvdelmTavrebis yvela zogadsaeklesio
mniSvnelobis gadawyvetilebas.
16. aRyavs mRvdelmTavrebi dadgenil saeklesio wodebebSi da aZlevs maT saeklesio jildoebs.
17. ganixilavs mRvdelmTavarTa angariSgebas eparqiis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb,
aZlevs maT Sefasebas da iRebs saWiro zomebs.
18. niSnavs revizias sxvadasxva saWiroebaTa da SemTxvevaTa gamo.
19 aqvs stavropigiebis daarsebis ufleba.
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20. amtkicebs, xolo gansakuTrebul SemTxvevaSi TviTon niSnavs monastrebis

winamZRvrebs.
21. zrunavs marTlmadidebeli RvTismetyvelebis gavrcelebisaTvis, zedamxedvelobs da xelmZRvanelobs qristianul swavla-ganaTlebas.
22. niSnavs da amtkicebs sasuliero saswavleblebis reqtorebsa da proreqtorebs. amtkicebs samecniero-saRvTismetyvelo wodebebisa da xarisxebis miniWebas, zedamxedvelobas uwevs saswavlo komitets.
23. zedamxedvelobs da xelmZRvanelobs qristianul ganaTlebas saero saswavlo dawesebulebebSi.
24. eklesiis saWiroebisamebr niSnavs samRvdelo an saero pirebs saqarTvelos
sazRvrebs gareT samsaxurisaTvis.
25. samRvdelo da saero pirebs aniWebs dadgenil saeklesio jildoebs.
26. zrunavs wmida mironis droulad momzadebisaTvis da akurTxebs mas.
27. saqarTvelos sapatriarqosTan qmnis da auqmebs sameurneo-sawarmoo ganyofilebebs, organizaciebsa da dawesebulebebs, romlebic saqmianobas axorcieleben
TavianTi wesdebebisa da saxelmwifos Sesabamisi kanonmdeblobis Tanaxmad.
28. zrunavs wmidanTa saflavebis dacvisa da gamSvenebisaTvis.
29. zrunavs eklesiebis aRdgena-restavraciaze da axali taZrebis mSeneblobaze.
$1. sruliad saqarTvelos
sapatriarqo agreTve ewodeba im dawesebulebaTa erTobliobas, romlebic uSualod sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqs eqvemdebarebian.
$2. sruliad saqarTvelos sapatriarqo, misi ganyofilebebi da samsaxurebi
mowodebulni arian daexmaron kaTolikos-patriarqs aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis
ganxorcielebaSi da angariSvaldebulni arian mis winaSe.
$3. sruli ad sa qa rTv elos sa pa tri arqo s ganyofileb ebsa da sa msaxurebs
qm ni s, m aT xelm ZRv aneleb s niSna vs da a Ta vi suflebs srulia d saq arTv elos
kaT o li kos- p atria rqi .
$4. sruliad saqarTvelos sapatriarqos ganyofilebebisa da samsaxurebis moRvaweobas aregulireben Sesabamisi wesdebebi, romlebsac amtkicebs sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi.
$5. sruliad saqarTvelos sapatriarqos ganyofilebebi da samsaxurebi arian
zedamxedveli da makoordinirebeli organoebi eparqiebSi moqmedi analogiuri
da wesebuleb eb isa.
$6. saqarTvelos sapatriarqo, misi ganyofilebebi, dawesebulebebi, eparqiebi,
samrevloebi, monastrebi, sasuliero saswavleblebi da sazRvargareT myofi samrevloebi da dawesebulebebi sargebloben iuridiuli piris uflebiT.
Tavi V. sruliad saqarTvelos sapatriarqo
320
$1. saqarTvelos eklesia iyofa eparqiebad, romlebsac

marTaven mRvdelmTavrebi. eparqia Sedgeba olqebSi (samTavarxucesoebSi) gaerTianebuli samrevloebisagan da am eparqiis teritoriaze ganlagebuli monastrebisagan.
$2. eparqia ewodeba saqarTvelos eklesiis im nawils, romelsac kanonikurad marTavs sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqisa da wm. sinodis mier
dadgenili eparqiis mRvdelmTavari.
$3. eparqiebis sazRvrebs saqarTvelos teritoriaze adgens saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis wm. sinodi saxelmwifos administraciul-teritoriuli
dayofis gaTvaliswinebiT. saqarTvelos sazRvrebs gareT eparqiebis sazRvrebi
dgindeba saqarTvelos eklesiis wm. sinodis gadawyvetilebiT.
$4. yovel eparqiaSi arseboben saeparqio mmarTvelobis organoebi, romlebic
moqmedeben saeklesio kanonebiTa da saqaraTvelos avtokefaluri marTlmadidebluri marTva-gamgeobis debulebiT.
$5. saeklesio saWiroebebisaTvis eparqiebSi SeiZleba Seiqmnas saTanado dawesebulebani, romelTa moRvaweobac ganisazRvreba sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikospatriarqis locva-kurTxeviT, saqarTvelos eklesiis wmida sinodis dadgenilebiT.
$6. saqarTvelos eklesiis wm. sinods ufleba aqvs aRadginos Zveli da gaxsnas
axali eparqiebi, gaauqmos romelime arsebuli, Seucvalos dasaxeleba da teritoriuli sazRvrebi.
Tavi VI. eparqia
$1. eparqiis mRvdelmTavari, wmida mociqulebidan

momdinare uwyveti ierarqiuli xeldasxmis madliT, aris eparqiis saWeTmpyrobeli
da misi kanonikuri mmarTveli.
$2. eparqiis mRvdelmTavris arCeva da dadgineba xdeba saqarTvelos eklesiis
wmida sinodis mier. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi aZlevs eparqiis
mRvdelmTavars dadginebis sigels.
$3. eparqiis mRvdelmTavrebi atareben wodebas, romelSic Sedis eparqiis saxelwodeba. mRvdelmTavarTa wodebebi ganisazRvreba saqarTvelos eklesiis wm. sinodis krebis mier.
$4. samRvdelmTavro kandidati unda akmayofilebdes Semdeg pirobebs:
1. asakiT unda iyos aranakleb ocdaTxuTmeti (35) wlisa.
2. unda gamoirCeodes sarwmunoebrivi da zneobrivi siwmidiT.
3. unda hqondes Sesaferisi saRvTismetyvelo da saero ganaTleba.
4. unda iyos beri.
$5. eparqiis mRvdelmTavars aqvs sarwmunoebrivi da zneobrivi swavlebis, mRvdelmoqmedebisa da moZRvrebis sruli ierarqiuli uflebamosileba.
Tavi VII. mRvdelmTavari
321
$6. eparqiis mRvdelmTavari sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqTan

SeTanxmebiT asrulebs sasuliero pirebis xeldasxmas, iZleva locva-kurTxevas
berad da monozvnad aRkvecaze da niSnavs maT msaxurebis adgilebze, agreTve niSnavs
eparqiis dawesebulebebis yvela TanamSromels.
$7. eparqiis mRvdelmTavars ufleba aqvs kaTolikos-patriarqTan SeTanxmebiT
miiRos Tavis eparqiaSi samsaxurisaTvis sxva eparqiidan gadmosuli sasuliero
piri, Tu mas aqvs Tavisi episkoposisagan gantevebis sigeli. agreTve mRvdelmTavars
ufleba aqvs gauSvas Tavisi eparqiidan sxva eparqiebSi sasuliero pirebi da misces
maT gantevebis sigelebi.
$8. eparqiis mRvdelmTavari aris umaRlesi zedamxedveli eparqiaSi Semaval
monastrebze da dawesebulebebze, garda stavropigialurisa, romelic uSualod
kaTolikos-patriarqs eqvemdebareba.
$9. eparqiis mRvdelmTavris Tanxmobis gareSe saeparqio mmarTvelobis organoebis verc erTi gadawyvetileba ver ganxorcieldeba.
$10. eparqiis mRvdelmTavars ufleba aqvs mimarTos eparqiis mrevls samRvdelmTavro epistoleTi.
$11. eparqiis yvela taZarSi RvTismsaxurebis dros saqarTvelos kaTolikospatriarqis saxelis Semdeg aRevlineba eparqiis mRvdelmTavris saxeli.
$12. eparqiis mRvdelmTavari valdebulia sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikospa triarqs wa rudgi nos dadgenili form iT yo velwliuri angariSi eparqi is
cxovrebisa da Tavisi moRvaweobis Sesaxeb.
$13. eparqiis mRvdelmTavari:
1. icavs sarwmunoebriv da zneobriv siwmides.
2. pasuxismgebelia saqarTvelos eklesiis saeklesio krebebis dadgenilebebisa
da sxva saeklesio wesdebebis Sesrulebaze Tavis eparqiaSi.
3. zedamxedvelobs saeklesio wesrigs da RvTismsaxurebis swor aRsrulebas.
4. saeklesio kanonebis Sesabamisad mogzaurobs Tavis eparqiaSi, mimoixilavs
eparqiis samrevloebs da akontrolebs maT an uSualod, an Tavisi uflebamosili
warmomadgenlebis meSveobiT.
5. zedamxedvelobs eparqiis samRvdeloebis moRvaweobas.
6. aZlevs sasuliero pirebsa da momsaxure personals Svebulebas erTi Tvis vadiT.
7. zrunavs sasuliero pirTa ganaTlebis donis asamaRleblad.
8. zedamxedvelobs da xelmZRvanelobs samRvdelo kandidatebis saRvTismetyvelo momzadebas.
9. ebrZvis eparqiaSi gavrcelebul yvela borot da mwvaleblur swavlebas.
10. zrunavs, rom samRvdeloebis qadageba Seesabamebodes wmida marTlmadidebeli eklesiis swavlebas.
11. zrunavs mrevlis sulieri da zneobrivi donis asamaRleblad.
322
12. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis winaSe Suamdgomlobs Rirseuli sasuliero pirebisa da eriskacebis dasajildoeblad.
13. kaTolikos-patriarqTan SeTanxmebiT akurTxebs eparqiaSi Semaval taZrebs
da xels asxams sadiakvno da samRvdelo kandidatebs.
14. zrunavs mowyalebisa da qvelmoqmedebis saqmeebze.
15. aarsebs misiisa da evangelizaciis centrebsa da misionerul skolebs.
$14. eparqiis mRvdelmTavari valdebulia hqondes eparqiis sasuliero pirTa
sruli sia da monacemebi.
$15. eparqiis mRvdelmTavari valdebulia, mosTxovos eparqiaSi Semavali monastrebis winamZRvrebsa da olqebis mTavarxucesebs maTdami daqvemdebarebuli monastrebisa da olqebSi moRvaweobis yovelwliuri angariSi.
$16. eparqiis mRvdelmTavris nebarTvis gareSe eparqiaSi RvTismsaxurebis aRsruleba aravis ar SeuZlia.
$17. eparqiis mRvdelmTavari aris eparqiaSi umaRlesi sasamarTlo xelisufali. saeklesio kanonebis mixedviT mas ufleba aqvs:
1. mwyemsmTavruli SeniSvna misces sasuliero pirebs, gamoucxados maT sayveduri, gadaayenos Tanamdebobidan, daados epitimia da aukrZalos mRvdelmoqmedeba.
2. mwyemsmTavruli SeniSvna misces eriskacebs, daados epitimia da dasajos
isini uziareblobiT.
3. Seamsubuqos sasjeli.
4. saeklesio kanonebis Sesabamisad gadawyvitos saeklesio qorwinebisa da ganqorwinebis sakiTxebi.
$18. eparqiis mRvdelmTavari valdebulia, RvTismsaxurebis dros aRavlinos
sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis saxeli.
$19. eparqiis mRvdelmTavari valdebulia daemorCilos umaRles saeklesio
xelisuflebas (saqarTvelos eklesiis wm. sinods da kaTolikos-patriarqs), Seatyobinos mas eparqiaSi yvela mniSvnelovani movlena da ar moimoqmedos iseTi ram,
rac mis uflebas aRemateba.
$20. eparqiis mRvdelmTavari valdebulia mudmivad imyofebodes Tavis eparqiaSi. mas eparqiidan wasvla mxolod kaTolikos-patriarqis nebarTviT SeuZlia.
$21. eparqiis mRvdelmTavars ar eqvemdebarebian eparqiis teritoriaze ganlagebuli stavropigialuri monastrebi, saswavleblebi da dawesebulebani.
$22. eparqiis mRvdelmTavars ufleba aqvs sapatriarqosTan SeTanxmebiT Seqmnas
da daamtkicos saeklesio-saqvelmoqmedo sazogadoebani, samrevloebTan arsebuli
Zmobebi da maTi wesdebebi.
$23. eparqiis mRvdelmTavars unda hyavdes saeparqio sabWo da daniSnos misi
wevrebi da TanamSromlebi.
323
$24. eparqiis mRvdelmTavari aris Tavisi eparqiis saeklesio qonebis umaRlesi

zedamxedveli, da igi pasuxismgebelia am qonebaze wmida sinodisa da kaTolikospatriarqis winaSe.
$25. daqvrivebul eparqias droebiT marTavs kaTolikos-patriarqis mier daniSnuli mRvdelmTavari. am dros ar tardeba araviTari RonisZiebani saeparqio
cxo v rebi s reorganiza ci i sa T vi s da a r xdeba ara vi T ari cvli leb ani wina
mRvdelmTavris mmarTvelobis periodSi dawyebul samuSaoebSi.
$26. eparqiis daqvrivebisas saeparqio sabWo daluqavs saeparqio daxls da
yvela dawesebulebas; xolo saqarTvelos sapatriarqo gamoyofs komisias, romelic revizias gaukeTebs eparqiis qonebas da Seadgens Sesabamis aqts axlad daniSnuli
mRvdelmTavrisaTvis gadasacemad.
$27. saqarTvelos eklesiis mRvdelmTavrebis xeldasxma sruldeba mcxeTis sveticxovlis wmida aTormetTa mociqulTa saxelobis sapatriarqo taZarSi.
$28. eparqiis mRvdelmTavars aqvs Tavisi tvifri da beWedi.
$29. samocdaTxuTmeti (75) wlis asakis miRwevisas eparqiis mRvdelmTavari
valdebulia sTxovos kaTolikos-patriarqs pensiaSi gasvlis nebarTva.
$30. eparqiis mRvdelmTavars ufleba ara aqvs TviTneburad Sevides da unebarTvod aRasrulos mRvdelmoqmedeba sxvis eparqiaSi.
$1. saeparqio sabWo aris saTaTbiro, kolegialuri organo, romelic eparqiis mRvdelmTavars exmareba eparqiis mmarTvelobaSi da uSualod mas eqvemdebareba.
$2. saeparqio sabWos daniSnulebaa mRvdelmTavarTan erTad ganixilos eparqiis
mmarTvelobasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebi.
$3. saeparqio sabWos wevrebsa da mis TanamSromlebs niSnavs da aTavisuflebs
mmarTveli mRvdelmTavari.
$4. saeparqio sabWos Tavmjdomare aris eparqiis mmarTveli mRvdelmTavari.
$5. saeparqio sabWos wevrebi arian: mRvdelmTavari, oTxi sasuliero da ori
saero piri. isini unda gamoirCeodnen maRali zneobiT, sulierebiT, Sesabamisi
saRvTismetyvelo ganaTlebiT da cxovrebiseuli gamocdilebiT.
$6. saeparqio sabWos sxdomebi imarTeba regularulad, kvartalSi erTxel da
saWiroebisamebr.
$7. saeparqio sabWos hyavs Tavisi mdivani, romelsac niSnavs eparqiis mRvdelmTavari sabWos wevrTagan. mdivani pasuxismgebelia sxdomebisaTvis saWiro masalebis
momzadebasa da saTanado oqmebisa da dokumentaciis Sedgenaze.
$8. saeparqio sabWos sxdomebis oqmebze xels awers sabWos yvela wevri.
$9. mmarTveli mRvdelmTavari aris eparqiis umaRlesi sasamarTlo xelisufali. saeparqio sabWo rCevebiTa da mosazrebebiT exmareba eparqiis mRvdelmTavars
sasamarTlo xelisuflebis ganxorcielebaSi.
Tavi VIII. saeparqio sabWo
324
$ 1 0. s a e p a r q i o sa b Wo s a T a n a do g a n xi l v i s Se m de g, s a T a T b i r o xm i s
ufleb iT warudgens ep arq ii s mRv delm Ta v a rs sasa ma rT lo saq m es. mm a rTv el m Rv del m T a v a r s ga m o a q v s g a na Cen i , ro go rc e p a rq i i s um a R les sa sa m a rT l o xeli su fa ls.
$11. saeparqio sabWos is wevri, romelsac raime piradi interesi akavSirebs
mocemul sasamarTlo saqmesTan, mis ganxilvaSi ar monawileobs.
$12. saeparqio sabWo kompetenturia ganixilos Semdegi saxis sasamarTlo saqmeebi:
1. sasuliero pirTa da eriskacTa mier sarwmunoebisagan gandgoma;
2. maT mier saeklesio da zneobrivi kanonebis darRveva;
3. saeklesio qorwineba da ganqorwineba;
4. da sxva sakiTxebi, romlebic exebian saeklesio marTlwesrigs.
$13. saeparqio sabWos sasamarTlo saqmeebs ixilavs saqarTvelos eklesiis
saeklesio sasamarTlos Sesaxeb wesdebis Sesabamisad.
Tavi IX. olqebi (samTavarxucesoebi)
$1. saqarTvelos eklesiis eparqiebi
iyofa olqebad (samTavarxucesoebad).

$2. olqebis xelmZRvanelebi arian mTavarxucesebi, romlebsac niSnavs da aTavisuflebs eparqiis mmarTveli mRvdelmTavari.
$3. mTavarxucesi aris eparqiis mRvdelmTavris mier daniSnuli zedamxedveli,
romlis movaleobaSi Sedis olqis farglebSi saeklesio marTlwesrigis dacva.
$4. olqSi gaerTianebuli samrevloebis raodenobas gansazRvravs eparqiis
mmarTveli mRvdelmTavari.
$5. olqis mTavarxucess ufleba aqvs misdami daqvemdebarebul olqSi moagvaros
uTanxmoebebi sasuliero pirTa, eklesiis TanamSromelTa da, agreTve, sasuliero
pirTa da eklesiis TanamSromelTa Soris.
$6. olqis mTavarxucesi SeiZleba iyos saeparqio sabWos wevri.
$7. olqis mTavarxucesi yovel weliwads eparqiis mmarTvel mRvdelmTavars
warudgens angariSs dadgenili formiT olqis mdgomareobasa da Tavisi moRvaweobis Sesaxeb.
$8. yovel olqSi samRvdeloeba Tavisi wridan irCevs moZRvarTmoZRvars, romelsac amtkicebs eparqiis mRvdelmTavari.
$9. moZRvarTmoZRvars sasuliero pirebma regularulad unda Caabaron aRsareba.
$1. saqarTvelos eklesiis eparqiebi iyofa olqebad,
xolo olqebi _ samrevloebad.
$2. samrevlo _ es aris taZarTan gaerTianebuli marTlmadidebel qristianTa
sazogadoeba, romelic Sedgeba samRvdelo da saero pirTagan, samrevlo _ es aris
eparqiis nawili, romelic imyofeba eparqiis mRvdelmTavris kanonikuri mmarTvelobis qveS.
Tavi X. samrevlo
325
$3. samrevlos xelmZRvanelobs eparqiis mRvdelmTavris mier daniSnuli winamZRvari, romelsac marTa-gamgeobaSi samrevlo sabWo exmareba.
$4. axali samrevloebis daarseba an samrevlos gauqmeba xdeba eparqiis mmarTveli mRvdelmTavris locva-kurTxeviT.
$5. samrevlos aucileblad unda hqondes erTi taZari an samlocvelo saxli.
samrevlo taZrebis, samlocvelo saxlebisa da saydrebis aSeneba, gamSveneba da
SekeTeba xdeba eparqiis mmarTveli mRvdelmTavris nebarTviT.
$6. samrevloSi samRvdelo pirs niSnavs da aTavisuflebs eparqiis mmarTveli
mRvdelmTavari.
$7. samrevlos samRvdelo piri _ winamZRvari
1. sasurvelia mudmivad cxovrobdes samrevlos teritoriaze; igi valdebulia
TviTneburad ar miatovos Tavisi mrevli, gansakuTrebiT maSin, rodesac samrevloSi gavrcelebulia epidemia an sxva raime safrTxe emuqreba mas.
2. mudmivad unda ataros sasuliero wodebis Sesabamisi samoseli.
3. ar unda iyos dakavebuli iseTi saqmeebiT, romlebic ar Seesabameba sasuliero wodebas.
4. ar unda eswrebodes sasuliero wodebisaTvis Seuferebel gasarTob sanaxaobebs.
5. mudam unda kiTxulobdes wmida werilsa da wm. mamaTa Sromebs, ecnobodes
saRvTismetyvelo literaturas, qadagebdes.
6. saTanadod unda aRasrulos saeklesio RvTismsaxureba da mRvdelmoqmedeba.
7. unda izrunos taZarsa da saeklesio Senobis garemontebasa da gamSvenebaze.
8. unda izrunos RvTismsaxurebisaTvis saWiro nivTebis SeZenaze, Senaxvasa da dacvaze.
9. unda izrunos saeklesio disciplinasa da zneobaze, SeniSvnebi da darigebebi
misces damnaSaveebs.
10. zustad unda Seasrulos eparqiis mmarTveli mRvdelmTavris gankargulebani
da miTiTebani.
11. unda izrunos avadmyofebze, qvriv-oblebsa da glaxakebze.
12. unda awarmoos saeklesio sabuTebi; weros samrevlo matiane, izrunos
arqivis Sevsebaze.
13. unda izrunos samrevlo biblioTekis mowyobaze.
14. yvela mniSvnelovani sakiTxis gadawyvetisas unda mimarTos eparqiis mmarTvel
mRvdelmTavars an olqis mTavarxucess.
15. unda ebrZolos samrevloSi gavrcelebul crurwmenasa da mwvaleblobas.
16. zedamxedveloba unda gauwios saeklesio TanamSromlebis mier TavianTi
movaleobis saTanadod aRsrulebas.
17. unda izrunos saeklesio qonebaze, awarmoos sainventarizacio wigni. igi
pasuxismgebelia eparqiis mRvdelmTavris, kaTolikos-patriarqisa da wm. sinodis
winaSe saeklesio qonebaze.
326
18. unda moiwvios samrevlo sabWos sxdomebi TveSi erTxel.

19. unda moiwvios samrevlos kreba weliwadSi erTxel, romelsac TviTon
Tavmjdomareobs.
20. unda warudginos olqis mmarTvelsa da eparqiis mRvdelmTavars yovelwliuri angariSi samrevlos mdgomareobisa da Tavisi moRvaweobis Sesaxeb.
$8. samrevlos samRvdelo pirs - winamZRvars SeuZlia Svebuleba aiRos da datovos Tavisi samrevlo erTi TviT, eparqiis mRvdelmTavris locva-kurTxeviT.
$9. mrevlis yoveli wevri unda iyos marTlmadidebeli aRmsareblobis piri,
romelsac cocxali kavSiri aqvs Tavis samrevlo taZarTan.
$10. mrevlis yoveli wevri valdebulia daeswros RvTismsaxurebas, regularulad Caabaros aRsareba da eziaros, daicvas saeklesio kanonebi, iswrafodes sulier-zneobrivi srulyofisaken da iRvwodes samrevlos keTildReobisaTvis.
$11. samrevlos krebis wevrebi arian am samrevlos wevri sasuliero da saero pirebi.
$12. samrevlo kreba, erTi (1) wlis vadiT irCevs samrevlo sabWos wevrebs,
romlebsac amtkicebs eparqiis mmarTveli mRvdelmTavari.
$13. samrevlo sabWo Sedegeba eklesiaSi momsaxure yvela sasuliero da sami
saero pirisagan.
$14. samrevlo sabWos Tavmjdomare aris samrevlos winamZRvari.
$15. mRvdelmTavarTan SeTanxmebiT samrevlo sabWo saero pirTagan erTi wlis
vadiT niSnavs mnes, romelic aRricxavs eklesiis Semosaval-gasavals, risTvisac
iqmneba specialuri wigni. yovelTviurad samrevlo sabWo akontrolebs samrevlos
fulad da materialur saxsrebs. darRvevis SemTxvevaSi damnaSaves winamZRvris wardginebiT mRvdelmTavari adebs sasjels an aTavisuflebs mas.
$16. winamZRvris gardacvalebis an sxvagan gadayvanis SemTxvevaSi samrevlo
sabWo amowmebs samrevlos qonebas; aRwers da Seadgens Sesabamis aqts, romelsac
gadascems eparqiis mRvdelmTavarsa da mis mier daniSnul winamZRvars.
$17. samrevlo sabWo angariSvaldebulia eparqiis mmarTveli mRvdelmTavris winaSe.
$18. yovel samrevlos ukavia gansazRvruli teritoria (qalaqebis samrevloebis garda), romlis sazRvrebis Secvlis ufleba mxolod eparqiis mmarTvel
mRvdelmTavars aqvs.
$19. samrevlos gauqmebis SemTxvevaSi misi kuTvnili qoneba gadadis eparqiis
mflobelobaSi.
$20. samrevlos winamZRvars aqvs Sesabamisi tvifri da beWedi.
$1. monasteri aris savane, romelSic cxovrobs da
moRvaweobs berebis an monozvnebisagan Semdgari krebuli. am krebulis berebi an
monozvnebi gaerTianebulni arian upovrebis, uqorwineblobisa da morCilebis
aRTqmiT da Tavisi cxovreba miZRvnili aqvT ubiwoebisa da locvisadmi.
Tavi XI. monastrebi
327
$2. monastrebis daarsebis nebarTvas iZleva sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi, an wm. sinodi eparqiis mmarTveli mRvdelmTavris wardginebiT da
kanonikuri proceduris dacviT.
$3. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqs aqvs ufleba stavropigialuri
monastrebis daarsebisa saqarTvelos sapatriarqos iurisdiqciaSi Semaval mTel
teritoriaze.
$4. stavropigialuri monastrebi Sedian uSualod sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis iurisdiqciaSi.
$5. eparqiis teritoriaze arsebuli sxva monastrebi eqvemdebarebian mmarTveli
mRvdelmTavris iurisdiqcias.
$6. monastrebi sargebloben iuridiuli piris uflebiT, aqvT beWedi da tvifri.
$ 7 . sa q a rT v elo s eklesi i s yv ela m o na stri s Sevseb a xdeb a m m a rTv eli
mRvdelmTavris locva-kurTxevis Tanaxmad marTlmadidebeli aRmsareblobis pirebiT,
romelTac ber-monozvnuri cxovrebis survili aqvT.
$8. monastrebi Tavis moRvaweobas a xorcieleben saqarTvelos eklesiis
monastrebisa da ber-monozvnobis Sesaxeb debulebis Tanaxmad. yovel monasters SeiZleba hqondes Tavisi specifikuri tibikoni, magram igi unda Seesabameb odes debuleb as da da mtki ceb uli unda iyos ka Toliko s-p atri arq is an
wmida sinodis mier.
$9. monastrebs ufleba aqvT hqondeT metoqebi, romelTa daarsebis nebarTvas
iZleva kaTolikos-patriarqi an wm. sinodi. metoqi ewodeba taZars, Tavisi kuTvnili Senoba-nagebobiT, romelic imyofeba monastris gamgeblobaSi, magram mdebareobs mis sazRvrebs gareT (SesaZlebelia sxva eparqiis teritoriaze). metoqis
moRvaweoba regulirdeba saqarTvelos eklesiis monastrebisa da ber-monoznobis
Sesaxeb debulebiT, agreTve im monastris tibikoniT, romlis kuTvnilebasac es
metoqi warmoadgens. metoqi Sedis im mRvdelmTavris iurisdiuqciaSi, romeli
eparqiis teritoriazec igi mdebareobs.
$1. saqarTvelos eklesia uzrunvelyofs Tavis materialur moTxovnilebebs TviTdafinansebis safuZvelze.
$2. misi finansebi iqmneba: morwmuneTa nebayoflobiTi SemowirulobiT, saeklesio wesebis aRsrulebis SemowirulobiT, saeklesio sawarmoebis mier gamoSvebuli produqciis realizaciiT da sxva saeklesio-sameurneo saqmianobiT.
$3. centraluri saeklesio biujeti sapatriarqoSi iqmneba eparqiebis, stavropigialuri monastrebisa da sxva saeklesio-sameurneo dawesebulebebis mier gadaricxuli fuladi saxsrebiT, romlis procentul raodenobas gansazRvravs wm. sinodi.
$4. saerTo-saeklesio finansebis ganmkargavni arian sruliad saqarTvelos
kaTolikos-patriarqi da wm. sinodi.
Tavi XII. saeklesio finansebi da qoneba
328
$5. sapatriarqos ganyofilebebis dawesebulebebis dafinanseba xdeba saerTosaeklesio saxsrebidan, garda im ganyofilebebisa, romlebsac SeswevT TviTdafinansebis unari.
$6. eparqiis bi ujeti iqmneba samrev loebis, m onastrebisa da saepa rqiosameurneo dawesebulebebis Semosavlidan wm. sinodis mier dadgenili procentis gada ricxv iT.
$7. saerTo-saeparqio fuladi saxsrebis ganmkargavi biujetis farglebSi aris
mmarTveli mRvdelmTavari, romelic awarmoebs saeklesio daniSnulebiT gacemuli
Tanxis aRricxvas.
$8. samrevloebis fuladi saxsrebi iqmneba: morwmuneTa nebayoflobiTi Semowirulobebis da sapatriarqodan gacemuli sanTlis, saeklesio literaturis da
sxva nivTiebis realizaciiT miRebuli Semosavlisagan.
$9. samrevlos fuladi saxsrebis ganmkargavi biujetis farglebSi aris samrevlo winamZRvari da samrevlo sabWo.
$10. monastrebis fuladi saxsrebi iqmneba iseve, rogorc samrevloebisa. maTi
ganmkargavi biujetis farglebSi aris monastris winamZRvari.
$11. sasuliero saswavleblebis dafinanseba xdeba im eparqiis saerTo-saeklesio fuladi saxsrebidan, sadac mdebareobs es saswavlebeli da saswavleblis daqvemdebarebaSi myofi sameurneo dawesebulebebis Semosavlidan.
$12. sasuliero saswavleblebis xarjTaRricxvas amticebs eparqiis mRvdelmTavari sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqTan SeTanxmebiT.
$13. sasuliero saswavleblis fuladi saxsrebis ganmkargavi biujetis farglebSi aris reqtori da pedsabWo.
$14. saeklesio Tanxebi inaxeba bankSi Sesabamisi saeklesio dawesebulebis saxelze.
$15. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi da wmida sinodi axdenen
saerTo-saeklesio da saeparqio fuladi saxsrebisa da qonebis revizias. aseTi
reviziis ganxorcielebisaTvis maT mier iqmneba specialuri sinodaluri komisia.
$16. saqarTvelos sapatriarqosa da stavropigialuri monastrebis fuladi
saxsrebisa da qonebis revizias axdens sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis mier daniSnuli komisia.
$17. eparqiis samrevloebis, monastrebisa da dawesebulebebis fuladi saxsrebisa da qonebis revizias axdens kaTolikos-patriarqis an eparqiis mmarTveli
mRvdelmTavris mier daniSnuli sarevizio komisia.
$18. saqarTvelos eklesiis eparqiebs, monastrebs, samrevloebs, saeklesio
dawesebulebebs, sasuliero saswavleblebs, saeklesio-sameurneo dawesebulebebs
ufleba aqvT flobdnen uZrav-moZrav qonebas, miwis nakveTs, aiRon arendiT, aaSenon da SeiZinon Senoba-nagebobebi da sxv. kaTolikos-patriarqis kurTxeviT aqvT
ufleba qadagebisaTvis isargeblon masobrivi informaciis saSualebebiT da sxv.
329
$19. saeklesio qonebis marTva da gankargva xdeba saeklesio kanonebis, saxelmwifoSi moqmedi kanonmdeblobis da saqarTvelos avtokefaluri marTlmadidebeli eklesiis marTva-gamgeobis debulebis Tanaxmad.
$20. saqarTvelos sapatriarqosa da eparqiebis biujetSi Semosavlebidan gadasaricx procents adgens saqarTvelos eklesiis wmida sinodi.
$21. eparqiebis, monastrebis, samrevloebisa da sxva saeklesio dawesebulebebis
fuladi saxsrebi mRvdelmTavrebisa da winamZRvrebis mier mxolod saeklesio miznebisaTvis unda iqnes gamoyenebuli.
$22. eklesiaSi akrZalulia iseTi sanTlebisa, an sxva saeklesio nivTebis
gayidva , rom leb ic a r ari s da mza debuli sa pa tri arqo s sa m eurneo da wesebulebebis mier.
$23. saqarTvelos eklesiis mTel kanonikur teritoriaze sanTlebis, saeklesio literaturisa Tu sxva nivTebis realizacia xdeba sapatriarqos mier dadgenili fasebis mixedviT.
$1. saqarTvelos
eklesiis sasuliero saswavleblebi warmoadgenen umaRles da saSualo specialur
saswavlo dawesebulebebs, romlebic amzadeben:
1. RvTismsaxurTa kadrebs saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiisaTvis.
2. samecniero da pedagogiur kadrebs saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis
saWiroebisaTvis.
3. saRvTismetyvelo sagnebis kvalificiur pedagogiur kadrebs umaRlesi da
saSualo saero saswavleblebisaTvis.
$2. saqarTvelos eklesiis saeklesio saswavleblebi : gimnaziebi, liceumebi,
skolebi, sabavSvo baRebi da sxv. warmoadgenen saSualo da dawyebiT saswavlo
dawesebulebebs, romlebic emsaxurebian momavali Taobis marTlmadidebeli sarwmunoebiT aRzrdas.
$3. sasuliero da saeklesio saswavleblebi eqvemdebarebian sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis umaRles mmarTvelobas.
$4. sasuliero da saeklesio saswavleblebi kanonikurad Sedian im mmarTveli
mRvdelmTavris iurisdiqciaSi, romlis eparqiis teritoriazec isini arian ganlageb uli.
$5. sasuliero da saeklesio saswavleblebis daarseba da gauqmeba xdeba sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis brZanebiT.
$6. sasuliero da saeklesio saswavleblebis marTva da moRvaweoba xdeba
saqa rTvelos ma rTlmadideb eli eklesi is sasuliero saswavleblebis Sesaxeb
debulebis safuZvelze.
Tavi XIII. sasu liero d a saeklesio saswavleblebi
330
$7. sasuliero da saeklesio saswavleblebisaTvis saswavlo programas adgens

sapatriarqosTan arsebuli saswavlo komiteti.
$8. sapatriarqosTan arsebuli saswavlo komiteti valdebulia Seamowmos saswavlo procesis mimdinareoba sasuliero da saeklesio saswavleblebSi da zedamxedveloba gauwios programebis ganxorcielebas.
$1. saqarTvelos eklesia sasuliero pirebisa da TanamSromlebis sapensio anazRaurebas awarmoebs saeklesio
pensiis Sesaxeb debulebis safuZvelze.
Tavi XIV. sapensio anazR au rebis Sesaxeb
Tavi XV. saqarTvelos avt okefalu ri marTlmad id ebeli eklesiis
$1. saqarTvelos avtokefaluri marTlmadidebeli eklesiis marTva-gamgeobis debuleba ZalaSia saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis gafarToebuli krebis mier misi miRebisTanave.
$2. adre arsebuli debuleba saqarTvelos eklesiis marTva-gamgeobis Sesaxeb
gauqmebulia.
$3. saqarTvelos avtokefaluri marTlmadidebeli eklesiis marTva-gamgeobis
debulebaSi cvlilebebis Setanis ufleba aqvs mxolod saqarTvelos eklesiis
wmida sinods.
marTva-gamgeobis debulebaSi cvlilebebis Setanis Sesaxeb
gadmobeWdilia wignidan - saqarTvelos avtokefaluri, marTlmadidebeli eklesiis marTva-gamgeobis debuleba, mcxeTa, sveticxoveli, 1995.
2002 wlis 17 oqtombris wmida sinodis dadgenilebiT zemoaRniSnul
eparqiebs daemata ramdenime axali eparqia da kanonizebul iqna axali wmidanebi, maT Soris wmida kirion kaTalikosi, klarjeli mamebi, eqvTime TayaiSvili
da sxv.
na wi li
me sa me
saqarTvelos eklesiis
mimdinare krebebi
331
332
Tavi
333
pirveli
mimdinare krebebi IV-XVIII saukuneebSi
Sesavali
aqarTvelos wmida eklesia aTaswleulTa manZilze

uwyveti Tanamonawilea msoflio saeklesio cxovrebisa, amitomac odiTganve misTvis savaldebulo iyo
aRsruleba msoflio saeklesio, adgilobrivi krebebis da wmida mamaTa mier SemuSavebuli sayovelTao
saeklesio kanonebisa.
kanonikuri samarTali ZvelTaganve moiTxovda weliwadSi ramdenime saeklesio

krebis mowvevas, Sesabamisad IV s-dan Cvens dromde (TiTqmis 1600 wlis manZilze)
saqarTveloSi aTasobiT saeklesio kreba unda yofiliyo mowveuli. samwuxarod,
aseTi didi odenobis miuxedavad, aqamde sul ramdenime kreba iyo gamovlenili
da Seswavlili. mizezi amisa ara marto isaa, rom saeklesio samarTlis mecnierul
Seswavlas saqarTveloSi mxolod XIX s-is bolosa da XX s-is dasawyisSi Caeyara
safuZveli, romelic maleve Seaferxa aTeisturma reJimma, aramed agreTve isic, rom
miuxedavad mowveul krebaTa siWarbisa, maT Sesaxeb pirdapiri cnobebi metad mcire
raodenobiT SemorCa, ZiriTadad `sjuldebis wignebSi~, tipikonebSi, saeklesio da
samonastro krebulTa ganCinebebSi, `dawerilebSi~, sigel-gujrebsa da sxva saeklesio samarTlis aqtebSi, romelnic iv. javaxiSvilis SefasebiT, Tumca moqmedi
saeklesio samarTlis piruTvnel sabuTebs warmoadgenen, magram maTSi kvlevis
Sesabamisi masalis moZieba did SromasTanaa dakavSirebuli.
Cvens mier gamovlenili iqna IV-XX ss-Si Semdgari 100-mde saeklesio kreba,
maT Soris 15 sakanonmdeblo, IV-XVIII ss-Si Semdgari 21 da XIX-XX ss-Si Semdgari
50-mde mimdinare saeklesio kreba, maT garda 9 msoflio da saerTaSoriso
mniSvnelobis kreba, romelTa muSaobaSic qarTveli episkoposebi monawileobdnen.
334
sazogadod, saeklesio krebebs yofen or ZiriTad jgufad, pirvelia is krebebi,

romelTac kanonSemoqmedebiTad iRvawes da Sesabamisi saeklesio samarTlis Zeglebic
gamosces, meorea mimdinare saeklesio krebebi, romelnic Seikribnen mniSvnelovani
sakiTxebis gadasaWrelad, magram kanonebi ar gamouciaT.
Cven calke wignad gamovyaviT `saqarTvelos saeklesio sakanonmdeblo krebebi~
(Tb., 2003), masSi ganxilulia saqarTvelos 15 sakanonmdeblo kreba. aRsaniSnavia,
rom TiToeul krebas Tan davurTeT mis mier gamocemuli kanonebi, amitomac
aRniSnuli wigni saeklesio sakanonmdeblo Zeglebis erTgvar qrestomaTias warmoadgens, rac aseve siaxlea.
winamdebare wignSi ganxilulia IV-XVIII ss-Si Semdgari mimdinare saeklesio
krebebi, sul ganxilulia 21 saeklesio kreba, maTgan zogierTi marTalia Sedga
saqarTvelos farglebs gareT, magram mieZRvna saqarTvelos saeklesio sakiTxebs.
mniSvnelovan krebaTa
nawils Tan erTvis maT mier
gamocemuli saeklesio
samarTlis Zeglebi.
Cvens mier ganxilul krebebs saxelebi mivakuTvneT mowvevis adgilis mixedviT
(magaliTad, ganxilul periodSi TbilisSi mowveul iqna 4 saeklesio kreba, maT
Soris, Tbilisis I saeklesio kreba Sedga XII s-Si, xolo IV Sedga XVIII s-Si).
krebaTa SeswavliT dadasturda, rom saqarTvelos eklesia, viTarca avtokefaluri, ganagebda sakuTar saeklesio samarTals, amasTanave, mas viTarca saxelmwifoebrivi Tvisebebis mqones, xeli miuwvdeboda samoqalaqo-administraciul mmarTvelobasa
da samarTalze (amiT iyo gamowveuli magaliTad bagrat kurapalatis samarTalSi
101, 102, 103-e da sxva muxlebis gaCena, romelTagan erT-erTis gansazRvriT `meore
mefe episkoposi aris da qristianTa sjulisa damamtkicebeli~ (`sjuli~ - kanons
ewodeboda Zvel saqarTveloSi).
krebaTa Seswavla adasturebs n. maris Sefasebas, rom `Zvel saqarTveloSi saero
da sasuliero Zalauflebis erToba warmoadgenda udavo faqts~. sasuliero da
saero
xelisuflebis
erTobis
gamomxatvelia
mwignobarTuxucesis
(Wyondideli
episkoposis) mefis Semdeg meore saxelmwifo piris Tanamdebobis daweseba. saqarTveloSi
saeklesio krebebs iwvevda mefe, amave dros saxelmwifo darbazs, Cans imis gamo,
rom igi Tavisi SemadgenlobiT gamoxatavda simfoniur (harmoniul) kavSirs
saeklesio da saero xelisuflebas Soris, ufleba eniWeboda ganexila saeklesio
sakiTxebi da mieRo dadgenileba (kaTalikosTa, umaRles ierarqTa, episkoposTa da
mrevlis warmomadgenelTa monawileobiT) saeklesio sakiTxebis Sesaxeb.
Seswavlili saeklesio krebebis analizi adasturebs Zveli qarTuli istoriografiis dabejiTebul mtkicebas iurisdiqciis sazRvrebis (kerZod, rom IV s-dan
qarTuli eklesiis iurisdiqciaSi Sedioda ara mxolod aRmosavleT saqarTvelo,
aramed dasavleT saqarTvelo (Tavdapirvelad mdinare egriswylamde, Semdeg ki
mdinare klisuramde), saeklesio enis da sxvaTa Sesaxeb.
vloculobT, raTa Cvenma Sromam xeli Seuwyos qarTuli saeklesio samarTlis
Seswavlis gaRrmavebis saqmes.
335
episkoposTa Sekrebani mefe mirianisa da

vaxtang gorgasalis dros (IV-V ss.)
cn ob il k an on ist s T. b al sa mo ns
rogorc qarTuli aseve sxva avtoke-
`mamaTa mier dawesebuli Zveli kanonebis mixedviT~. safiqrebelia, rom II msof-
faluri eklesiebis TavisTavadobis safuZvlad miaCnda II msoflio krebis me-2

kanoni, romelSic, kerZod, naTqvamia:
lio krebis me-2 kanoni `warmarTTa Soris

a r s eb u l u c xo t o m T a e k l e s i eb S i ~
gulisxmobda rom-b izantiis imperiis
`TiToeul samTavros (eparqias) ganagebs

amave samTavros kreba nikeaSi gansazRvruli kanonis Tanaxmad, xolo warmarTTa
Soris arsebuli ucxo tomTa eklesiebi
unda ganagon mamaTa mier dawesebuli
sazRvrebs gareT moqceul eklesiebs. marTlac, saqarTvelos saxelmwifo imyofeboda imperiis gareT. maSasadame, misi
eklesia `mamaTa mier dawesebuli Zveli
kanonebis~ Sesabamisad unda emarTaT. am
Zveli kanonebis mixedviT~. 70 am kanonis

Tanaxmad, balsamons miaCnda, rom yovel
saxelmwifoSi arsebul eklesias ganagebda
adgilobrivi saeklesio kreba. 71
mso flio kreb ebs, rogor c we si,
kanonTa Soris IV s-is bolos, 381 wels,

Semdgari II msoflio kreba, Cans, gulisxmobda mociqulTa kanonebis 34-e muxls,
romelSic naTqvamia: `yvela eris episkoposebma unda icodnen maT Soris pirve-
iwvevdnen jer romis, Semdeg ki bizantiis imperiaSi, maT farglebs gareT e.w.
warmarT barbarosTa, anu ZvelqarTuliT
Tu vityviT, `barbarozebrTa warmarTTa
Soris~ mcxovrebi qristiani xalxebis
eklesiebi, aRniSnuli II msoflio krebis me-2 kanonis Sesabamisad, imarTeboda
li da Tavi episkoposi da araferi zedmeti ar unda gaakeTon mis gareSe... magram nurc pirveli episkoposi nu gaakeTebs nurafers sxvebTan SeTanxmebis
gareSe, vinaidan mxolod ase SeiZleba
aResrulos erTneboba da ididos RmerTi uflis mier suliwmidiT~. 72
didi sjulis kanon i, saq arTvelo s ekles iis kal endari, 1987, gv. 211; 7 1 saq arTvelos samociqulo
ekle siis is toria, I, 1996, gv. 185; 7 2 didi sjulis kanon i, iqv e, gv. 166.
70
336
zemoT moyvanili kanonebidan Cans, rom
didi, sameufeo qalaqebis episkoposebi
TavisTavad eklesiaSi uTuod unda iyos

ramdenime episkoposi, romelTa krebac
marTavs am eklesias, xolo eklesiis Tavs
irCeven am eklesiis episkoposebi. ismis
kiTxva: hyavda Tu ara qarTul eklesias
IV s-sa da V s-is pirvel naxevarSi
ramdenime episkoposi? zogierTi mecnieris azriT, aRniSnul epoqaSi qarTul
eklesiaSi iyo mxolod da mxolod erTi
TavianT mezoblad mdebare provinciebze

avrcelebdnen xelisuflebas, rac daadastura I msoflio krebis me-6 kanonma,
magram, rogorc aRiniSna, II msoflio
krebis me-2 kanonis Tanaxmad, imperiis
episkoposi, isic ucxoeli mRvdelmTavris

mier daniSnul-xeldasxmuli.
Cven viciT, rom qarTuli eklesia
Cvevebis gaTvaliswinebiT. s. janaSias

mixedviT, qarTul eklesiaSi ara erTi,
aramed episkoposTa simravle arsebobda.
igi wers: `raki qarTlSi qristianoba
saxelmwifoebriv sarwmunoebad gadaiqca, qarTlis eklesiamac iseTive wyobileba miiRo, rogoric hqonda TviT qarTlis samefos. ase xdeboda sxva qveynebSic. calke saerisTaoebis saqmeebs ganagebdnen episkoposebi, romelnic emorCilebodnen qarTlis, anu mcxeTis mTavarepiskoposs. episkoposebs eqvemdebarebodnen xucesebi, anu mRvdlebi~. 74
organizaciuli saxiT Camoyalibda IV

s-is dasawyisSi (324-326 wlisaTvis).
ruis-urbnisis Zeglisweris Tanaxmad, mefe
mirianis dros imperator konstantines
mivlinebiT Camosul antioqiis patriarqs evstaTis dauarsebia igi. maSasadame, Tu es marTlac ase moxda, igi
(eklesia) unda emarTaT qristian msoflioSi im droisaTvis miRebuli saeklesio kanonebis Sesabamisad, romelTa Sesaxebac zemoT visaubreT, kerZod, qarTuli
eklesia unda emarTa episkoposTa krebas,
xolo eklesias unda hyoloda episkoposTa mier arCeuli `pirveli~, anu mTavari episkoposi.
nikeis I msoflio krebis me-5 kanonis Tanaxmad, TiToeul `samTavroSi~, anu
romaul provinciaSi weliwadSi orjer
unda Catarebuliyo episkoposTa kreba.
samTavros episkoposTa saerTo krebaze
unda garCeuliyo sadavo saqme sajarod,
samarTlianad, yvelas mxardaWeriT. im
droisaTvis weliwadSi ori kreba unda
mowveuliyo: erTi _ marxvamde, meore ki
rTvlis dros. 73
romis imperiaSi qristianobis saxelmwifo sarwmunoebad aRiarebis Semdeg
73
didi sjulis kanoni, iqve, gv. 17 9;
74
farglebs gareT mdebare eklesiebi `mamaTa

kanonebis Sesabamisad imarTeboda~, e.i.
meti TavisuflebiT, sakuTari, adgilobrivi tradiciebisa da Zveli saeklesio
s. janaSias Tanaxmad, CvenSi vaxtang

gorgaslamde imdenive saepiskoposo yofila, ramdeni saerisTavoc iyo qarTlis
samefoSi. b. mWedliSvilis mixedviT ki,
episkoposebis ricxvi gacilebiT meti
SeiZleba yofiliyo: `gaqristianebamde
saxelmwifoSi yvela qalaqsa Tu mniSvnelovan dabas Tavisi episkoposi unda
hyoloda, zogan oric. sxvagvarad qristianuli qveynis statusi da eklesiis
struqtura warmoudgenelia. amasTan, Cven
qvemoT vnaxavT, rom saqarTveloSi V sis bolos 30-ze meti episkoposi moRvaweobda. juanSeri CamoTvlis, sad dasva vaxtangma episkoposebi... am siis mixedviT, sakuTriv qarTlSi mxolod ori
episkoposi Cans, mcxeTis da niqozis,
s. janaSia, Srome bi, t. 4, gv. 74.
337
Tbilisic ki, romelic TiTqosda vax-
naxevarSi episkoposTa simravles? wmida
tangma daaarsa, eklesiis mesveuris gareSe

aRmoCnda. garda amisa, ra vuyoT sxva
ninos cxovreba mogviTxrobs, rom gardacvalebis Jams mefe mirianma masTan
Zvel qalaqebs - ufliscixes, armazcixes, kasps, nekress, tyetba-gulgulas,
mi sul e pis kop os ebs ga da sca Ta vi si

anderZi, amasTanave, Seevedra wmida ni-
ujarma-kawareTs, gaCian-curtavs, samSvildesa da sxva CvenTvis ucnob qalaqebsa

da dabebs. amdenad juanSeris episkoposTa sia asaxavs mxolod vaxtangis
nos saflavisaTvis didi yuradReba mieqciaT - edidebinaT igi, `davedra episkoposTa, raTa adidon dideba mis adgilisa~. 77 ase yofila IV s-is 60-ian
mier dasmul episkoposTa raodenobas da
wlebSi. matianes Tanaxmad, qarTlSi
ara episkoposTa ricxvs. Tavis droze

iv. javaxiSvilma miaqcia juanSeris cnobebis Seusabamobas yuradReba da aRniS-
episkoposTa simravle arsebobda vaxtang

gorgasalis reformamde, e.i. V s-is pirvel naxevarSi, magaliTad, sparseTidan
na: `juanSeris sityvebidan iseTi daskvnis gamotana SeiZleba, TiTqos mas mx-
dabrunebul vaxtangs Seegebnen episkoposebi: `miegeba Ze misi daCi da mis Tana
olod imaTi dasaxeleba sdomebodes,

romelnic antioqiis patriarqma akurTxa,
yovelni spasalarni da maT Tana episkoposni~. 78 amasTanave, arsebobs sxva uZve-
magram maSin marto juanSeris am cnobaze dayrdnoba SeuZlebelia~. maSasadame,
lesi wyaro, romlidanac Cans, rom saeklesio reformamde, sakaTalikosos daarse-
iv. javaxiSvili gamoyofda ùZveles

xanas~, romelic vaxtang gorgasalamde
bamde, miqael mTavarepiskoposs hyavda

mravali episkoposi. am wyaros siZvele
gulisxmobs. am ùZveles xanaSi~ mTavarepiskoposebi xelmZRvanelobdnen qarTul

eklesias. `mTavar~ an `Tavi episkoposTaAs~
araviTar eWvs ar iwvevs, amasTanave miuTiTebs ZvelqarTuli saeklesio istoriografiis Tvalsazriss, rom qarTul ek-
arseboba TavisTavad gulisxmobs, rom maT
lesiaSi vaxtang gorgasalis reformam-
hyavdaT eparqiaTa episkoposebi, e.i. gorgaslamdec yofilan episkoposebi~. 75 n. berZeniSvilisa da sxva cnobili mecnierebis
Tanaxmad, IV s-is saqarTveloSi episko-
de mravali saepiskoposo arsebobda, kerZod, wyaros Tanaxmad, sarwmunoebrivi

saWiroebis dros `SeWura miqael sulman-wmidaman da warmovida mcxeTiT mis
posebi isxdnen saerisTavo da sapitiaxSo centrebSi. ramdeni saerisTavoc iyo,
queSeTa episkoposTa da mRvdelTa Tana~. 79

igive wyaro miqael mTavarepiskoposis
imdeni saepiskoposo saydari (kaTedra)

arsebobda. e.i. eparqiaTa sazRvrebi, Ziri-
xelqveiT myof episkoposTa Sesaxeb sxva

adgilasac mogviTxrobs (miqaeli iyo vax-
Tadad, emTxveoda saerisTavoTa sazRvrebs.

V s-is Sua wlebSi qarTlis samefoSi
tang gorgasalis Tanamedrove).

saqarTvelos mezobel antioqiaSi 344
ocdaaTiode saepiskoposo yofila. 76

miuTiTebs Tu ara romelime wyaro,
wels Semdgari krebis Tanaxmad, eklesiaSi kanonad iqca ZvelTaganve arsebu-
reformamde, e.i. IV s-sa da V s-is pirvel
li wesi, rom eklesiis meTaurad episko-
a. jafariZe, saqarTvel os samociqul o ekles iis is toria, t. I, 1996, gv. 29 4; 7 6 iqve , gv. 29 5; 7 7
qarT lis cx ovreba, I, g v. 129 ; 7 8 iqve , gv. 19 6; 7 9 uwyeba pet roz mkawvrelis aTvis, saqarTv elos
samo Txe, sabininis gamoce ma, 1882, gv. 632.
75
338
posTa Soris unda SeerCiaT dedaqala-
uCveulo ar yofila, qarTveli episko-
qis episkoposi. antioqiis krebis me-9

kanonis Tanaxmad, eklesiis meTaurs, anu
posebic TavianT krebaze gamoirCevdnen

eklesiis meTaurs, rogorc amas moiTxov-
`Tavs~ adgenda TviT saeklesio olqis

episkoposebis kreba. am kanonis Sesabamisad, saqarTvelos eklesiis meTaurad
mcxeTeli episkoposi unda SeerCia adgilobriv episkoposTa krebas. marTlac,
da zemoT miTiTebuli msoflio kanonebi.

mefe vaxtangis dros gaZlierda saqarTvelos saxelmwifo. qveyana gaerTianda, Semoemata axali teritoriebi, kerZod, daubrunda klarjeTi da afxaze-
Cven yvela Zveli wyarodan viciT, rom

mcxeTeli episkoposi yovelTvis `mTa-
Tis didi nawili md. klisuramde, romlebic iqamde mitacebuli iyo berZenTa
vari~ iyo sxva episkoposTa mimarT. amasTanave, yoveli Zveli wyaro mogviTxrobs,
rom am episkoposs Tavis taxtze (say-
mier da Sedioda bizantiis imperiaSi,

maSasadame, Sediodnen bizantiuri eklesiis iurisdiqciaSi. axla saqarTvelos gaer-
darze) `svamda~ qarTlis mefe an rome-
Tianebis Semdeg am kuTxeebSi unda aRd-
lime sxva xelisufali, magaliTad, eklesiis meTaurad IV s-Si mefem samRvdelmTavro taxtze `dasva~ mTavarepiskoposi elia, aseve `dasves~ misi
geniliyo qarTuli eklesiis iurisdiqcia. es dabruneba unda momxdariyo bizantiis imperatorisa da, cxadia, eklesiis dadasturebiT. vaxtangamde mZime
momdevno svimoni, saberZneTidan Camoyvanili mRvdeli miqaeli `daadgines episkoposad~ da a.S. 80

e.i. saeklesio kreba irCevda meTaurs,
saxelmwifoebrivi viTarebis gamo, qveyana Si s pa rs elT a ba to nob is S ed eg ad

qarTul eklesiaSi arsebobda ramdenime
sarwmunoebrivi dajgufeba - proberZnu-
mas ki mefe `svamda~ Tavis saydarze. ase

iyo msoflio eklesiaSic. krebis Catareba,
meTauris arCeva da dasma ar iyo ucxo
imdroindeli qarTuli sazogadoebisaTvis.
li da prosparsuli orientaciisa (im

droisaTvis sparseTSi arsebobda Zlieri
qristianuli organizacia - sparseTis
sakaTalikoso). saeklesio dajgufebis
garkveuli wreebi TviT mefes irCevdnen

da svamdnen taxtze. magaliTad, mefe mirianis Zmiswuli Trdati mefed `dasves~
qarTvelma warCinebulebma: `maSin warCinebulTa qarTlisaTa zraxva yves da
erTi nawili ki orgulobas iCenda mefis

mimarT, radganac qveyanaSi arsebuli feodalizaciis procesis gamo eklesiis zogierTi ierarqi gadaiqca Zlier miwaTmflobelad, Zalzed gaZlierda da aRar
dasues mefed simamri varaz-baqarisi, Ze

revisi, Zmiswuli mirianisi, kaci moxucebuli, saxeliT Trdati~. 81 aseve mefe
apirebda mefisadmi morCil ebas, rac

gamoCnda miqael episkoposisa da vaxtang gorgasalis urTierTobis dros.
arCil I aznaurTa krebam `dasva~ mefed.

`SeiTques aznaurni qarTlisani... dasues
mefed arCil~. 82 unda vifiqroT, rom radganac imdroindeli qarTuli sazogadoe-
maSasadame, saeklesio reforma iTvali sw in eb da e kl es ia s C am oS or eb od ne n

prosparsuli orientaciis episkoposebi
da agreTve, zogierTi proberZnuli ori-
bisaTvis Sekreba da meTauris gamorCeva
entaciis urCi episkoposi. rogorc aRini-
a. j afariZ e, saq ar Tve los samoc iqulo ekl esiis ist oria, t. 1, gv . 194;
gv. 137; 82 iqv e, gv. 140.
80
81
q arT lis cx ov reb a, I,
339
Sna, am dros eklesiis mmarTvel episko-
kaTalikosi petre. axali episkoposebi
posTa Zliereba da avtoriteti didad

iyo gazrdili sparselTa nebiT. wyaroe-
dasves klarjeTSi, eruSeTSi (es axlad

SemoerTebuli miwebi iyo), javaxeTSi,
bidan Cans, rom somxeTSi sparselebma

xelisufleba CamoarTves naxararebs,
ga au qm es m ef ob a da s am ag ie ro d xe lisufleba gadasces episkoposebsa da eklesias. msgavsi viTareba unda yofiliyo
manglisSi, bolnisSi, rusTavSi, ninowmidaSi, WeremSi, CeleTSi, xornabujSi,

agarakSi (yvela es saepiskoposo mdebareobda qvemo qarTlsa da kaxeT-hereTSi,
e.i. sparseTTan mosazRvre mxareebSi,
vaxtangamde saqarTveloSic. aseTi viTarebis dros vaxtang gorgasalma gadawyvi-
sadac didi unda yofiliyo sparselTa

gavlena, maSasadame, prosparsuli saek-
ta sasuliero daxmareba mieRo bizantiidan, msoflio sapatriarqoebidan da

maTze dayrdnobiT ganexorcielebina saek-
lesio orientacia). mefes mxo-lod mogvianebiT erTi axali saepiskoposo dauarsebia Sida qarTlSi _ niqozSi. episkopos-
lesio reforma. marTlac, Cans, vaxtangma
Ta aseTi simra vlis dros,
urCi episkoposebis nacvlad, bizantiidan miiRo ukve nakurTxi axali episkoposebi, e.i. am axali episkoposebis zurgs
ukan idga msoflio eklesiis avtorite-
qarTul eklesiaSi tardeboda

sio krebebi. Cans, saqarTvelos
imarTeboda saeklesio wesebis,
ki siriul-romauli samarTlis
ti da bizantiis imperiis Semweoba. konstantinopolisa da antioqiis patriarqebis nebiT saqarTveloSi vaxtangs miuvida 12 axali episkoposi da maTi meTau-
isad83 ganagebdnen qarTul eklesias. maT

Sesaxeb dawvrilebiT gvqonda mimoxilva
wina TavSi _ `saeklesio samarTlis
wyaroebi IV-V ss-Si~, _ amitom aRar
ri, vaxtangis mier winaswar SerCeuli
SevexebiT.
cxa-d ia,
saekleeklesia
kerZod,
Sesabam-
340
dvinis saeklesio kreba (506 weli)

VI s-is dasawyisSi, 506 wels, somx-
gavrcelebaze amierkavkasiaSi da samag-
eTis qalaq dvinSi mowveul iqna amierkavkasiis qveynebis gaerTianebuli kreba, romelsac daeswro 24 qarTveli
episkoposi qarTlis kaTalikosTan er-
i er o d m on o fi z it u ri qr i st i an o bi s
mfarvelebad iqcnen, saeklesio mwerlobas daavales, monofizituri ideebi
da sparseTTan ganuyreli kavSiris auci-
Tad. marTalia, es kreba ar iyo saqarTvelos adgilobrivi kreba, magram CvenTvis

sainteresoa imiT, rom mas qarTvel
lebloba eqadaga. am mizniT sparseTis

mefis agentebma SeTxzes legendebi, viTomc qristianoba somxeTsa, qarTlsa
episkoposTa simravle daeswro da krebam aRiara is sarwmunoebrivi mimarTuleba,

romelic bizantiaSi iyo aRiarebuli. miuxedavad amisa, krebaze qarTuli eklesiis warmomadgenelTa monawileoba
Seicavda iZulebis elementebs, radganac 506 wlis kreba araqarTuli Zalebis karnaxiT iqna mowveuli. s. janaSias
TqmiT, `mokles Tu ara vaxtang gorgasali, sparselebis mTavari mteri da
mowinaaRmdege amierkavkasiaSi, maSinve 506
wels sparselebma somxeTis qalaq dvinSi moiwvies somxeTis, qarTlisa da al-
da albaneTSi erTi piris mier aris

danergili, viTomc qarTuli, somxuri
da albanuri anbani agreTve erTi piris
mier aris gamogonili da rom es `ganmanaTleblebi~ imave dros viTomc sparseTTan iyvnen dakavSirebulni. monofizitebi Seubraleblad spobdnen diofizitebis, anu qalkedonitebis mwerlobas... sparseTis mTavroba sxva saSualebebsac mimarTavda am ideologiuri
kavSiris gansamtkiceblad. mas surda,
m ag a li T ad , s om x eT i s, qa rT l is a d a
albaneTis eklesiebis gaerTianeba, rom
baneTis eklesiebis saerTo kreba~. 84

ratom iyvnen dainteresebulni isini saeklesio krebis mowveviT? rogorc
s. janaSia wers: `roca sparselebi iZulebuli gaxdnen uari eTqvaT mazdeanobis
ufro advili yofiliyo maTi marTva

sparse li moxeleeb isaTvis, am itomac
mouwveviaT dvinis kreba 506 wels, àmis
Semdeg eklesia sparselebis mTavari
dasayrdeni gaxda~. 8 4
83
qar Tuli samarTlis Zegle bi, I, gv. 59 4;
84
s. janaSia, Srome bi, t. V, 1987, gv. 112.
341
s. janaSia samarTlianad aRniSnavs,
lis kaTalikosisadmi, romelic sarwmu-
rom àm krebaze, ise rogorc mTels

momdevno periodSi, iniciativas somxebi
flobdnen, rogorc ufro Zveli monofizitebi da iranis politikur centrTan
ufro daaxloebulni~. 85
noebriv sakiTxebs exeba, e.i. marTalia,

qveyanaSi iranelebi batonobdnen, magram
qarTul eklesias mWidro sarwmunoebrivi
erToba hqonda msoflio eklesiebTan. dvinis krebac ar SeiZleba ganvixiloT msof-
meore mxriv, bizantiac iyo dainteresebuli, raTa qarTul da sxva kavkasiur eklesiebs mieRoT is sarwmunoebrivi platforma, romelic mniSvnelo-
lio eklesiidan mowyvetis mcdelobad,

radganac, rogorc gaarkvia z. aleqsiZem,
es kreba bizantiis iniciativiT iqna
mowveuli. krebam dagmo ara qalkedoni-
vani iyo imperiisaTvis im epoqaSi. saqme

is iyo, rom qalkedonis krebam gaaRiziana bizantieli monofizitebi, romelnic
mosaxleobis sakmao raodenobas warmoadgendnen. saimperio centrebi, gansakuTrebiT ki periferiebi, daZabulobis kerebad iqca. SesaZlo didi samoqalaqo omis
Tavidan asacileblad bizantiis keisarma zenonma (474-491) 482 wels gamosca
erTianobis aqti, romelsac henotikoni
ewoda. henotikoni cdilobda monofizitebisa da diofizitebis morigebas da
gaurboda iseT gamoTqmebs, rogoricaa
toba, aramed nestorianoba da miiRo

zenon keisris diofizit-monofizitTa Semarigebeli `henotikoni~ (èrToba~). aqtebi
Sedga qarTul, somxur, albanur da
berZnul enebze.
502-506 wlebSi iranis mefe kavad I
(488-531) warmatebas aRwevs bizantiasTan
brZolaSi. àm warmatebis uSualo Sedegia 506 wlis dvinis saeklesio kreba da
monofizitobis gamarjveba kavkasiaSi~. 86
zemoT moyvanilidan Cans, rom z. aleqsiZis Tanaxmad, dvinis saeklesio krebam
marTalia, miiRo Semrigebluri platforma
èrTi buneba~ an òri buneba~. bizantia

dainteresebuli iyo henotikonis gavrcelebiT kavkasiaSi, gansakuTrebiT ki
somxeTSi, romelic mniSvnelovan sadavo
qveyanas warmoadgenda sparseTsa da bizantias Soris. im droisaTvis msoflio
eklesiaSi arsebuli wesis Tanaxmad,
(`henotikoni~), magram mainc igi monofizituri elferisa yofila.

s. janaSia da sxva qarTveli mecnierebi fiqroben, rom dvinis krebam
safuZveli daudo monofizitobis aRiarebas kavkasiur eklesiebSi.
ZvelqarTul saeklesio istoriogra-
rogorc qarTuli, ise kavkasiuri eklesiebi

warmoadgendnen erT nawils msoflio kaTolike, anu sayovelTao eklesiisa da
qarTuli eklesiis meTaurs msoflio eklesias Tan kavSiri s gansamtki ceblad
urTierToba hqonda damyarebuli romisa
da ierusalimis eklesiebis meTaurebTan,
cxadia, antioqia-konstantinopolTanac.
moRweulia romis papis grigol dialoRosis werilobiTi pasuxi kirion qarT-
fias am sakiTxze Tavisi Sexeduleba hqonda. kerZod, igi Tvlida, rom somxuri
eklesia monofizituri gaxda somxeTSi
55 1-55 4 wl ebSi Cat areb ul k reba Ta
Semdgom, ris gamoc igi gaZevebul iqna
msoflio marTlmadidebluri saeklesio
sferodan. iqamde ki (e.i. 551/4 wlebamde), somxuri eklesia msoflio eklesiis nawils Seadgenda. es Tvalsazrisi
gansakuTrebiT kargad aqvs gadmocemuli
85
s. janaSia, Srome bi, I, gv. 115;
86
epistoleT a wign i, 1968, z. aleqsiZ is komentari, gv. 152.
342
arsen safarels Tavis wignSi `ganyofi-
uWerdnen mxars, piriqiT, kirioni werda,
saTvis somexTa da qarTvelTa~.

somxuri wyaros Tanaxmad ki, qarTul-
rom mis dromde da mis drosac qarTvelebs

aqvT is sarwmunoeba, romelic mociqulebma
ma eklesiam swored 506 wlis dvinis

krebaze miiRo monofizituri platforma. epistoleTa wignSi moxseniebulia 506
wlis krebis monawile qarTveli kaTalikosisa da episkoposTa saxelebi: `1.
iqadages da romelsac ierusalimis sarwmunoeba ewodeba, radganac naTqvamia, `sjuli sionidan gamova~. 88
sxvaTa Soris, gansakuTrebiTaa aRsaniSnavi, rom XI s-Sic berZnebTan moka-
gabriel episkoposi mcxeTisa saxelovani; 2. palgen episkoposi sefesaxlisa;
maTe giorgi mTawmidelic amtkicebda,

rom qarTvelebs mtkiced upyriaT da
3. elifas episkoposi samuriali; 4. samuel episkoposi tumasueli; 5. daviT

episkoposi bolnisisa; 6. iakob episko-
adrec epyraT is sarwmunoeba, romelic

mociqulebisagan miiRes: `wmidaTa mociqulTa ganaTlebulni varT da radgan
posi ortavisa; 7. stefanoz episkoposi
erTi RmerTi gvicnobies arRara uar-
rusTavisa; 8. sahak episkoposi tfilisisa; 9. elages episkoposi manglisisa;

10. enes episkoposi marueli; 11. evgenes
episkoposi samTaveli; 12. ioseb episko-
gviyvies da arca odes wvalebisa mimarT

midrekil ars naTesavi Cveni... amas safuZvelsa zeda marTlmadideblobisasa da
mcnebaTa da qadagebaTa zeda wmidaTa
posi adsueli; 13. iovan episkoposi

sarusTieli; 14. ioseb episkoposi kuxordosi; 15. ezras episkoposi kisdadisa;
16. enuq episkoposi wilknisa; 17. ioseb
maT mociqulTa mtkice varT~. 89

rogorc aRiniSna, ZvelqarTuli saeklesio istoriografia miiCnevda, rom somxebma monofizituri sarwmunoeba daufara-
episkoposi midamili; 18. lazar episkoposi boldbili; 19. Teodoros episkoposi forTis; 20. zaqaria episkoposi
kasdreli; 21. fokas episkoposi tser-
vad miiRes ara 506 wels, dvinis krebis

dros, aramed 551/4 wlebis krebaTa Semdeg, maSasadame, kirions hqonda safuZveli, roca ar eTanxmeboda abraam somexTa
mili; 22. isaak episkoposi qunanakertisa; 23. Toma episkoposi tarsisa; 24. estgen episkoposi qorzonisa. es netari
episkoposebi, romlebic Tqveni qveynidan
iyvnen, albanelebTan da sivnielebTan
kaTalikoss 506 wlidan monofizitobis

miRebis Sesaxeb. amasve eTanxmeba axali
gamokvlevebic, romlebic, rogorc aRiniSna, miuTiTebs, rom 506 wels miRebul
iqna henotikoni da ara monofizitoba,
erTad somxeTSi Seiyarnen babgen somexTa kaTalikosis dros im krebaze, romelzec

daiwyevla maTTgan erTobiT qalkedonis
Tumca isicaa aRsaniSnavi, rom somxuri

eklesia Tavidanve midrekili iyo monofizitobisaken, qarTuli ki piriqiT, qalke-
kreba da leonis tomari~. 87

kirion kaTalikosi VII s-is dasawyisSi
ar daeTanxma abraam somexTa kaTalikoss,
TiTqosda gabriel qarTvelTa kaTaliko-
donis krebas uWerda mxars, amitomac

iqca qalkedonitoba qarTvelTa erovnul
sarwmunoebad.
miuxedavad amisa, isic unda aRiniS-
si da misi 23 episkoposi monofizitobas
nos, rom amierkavkasiis qveyanaTa mpyro-
epistoleT a wigni, 1968, gv. 9 8;

Zeg l. II, gv. 154.
87
88
iqv e, gv. 9 9;
89
gio rgi mc ire, cx ovrebai giorg i mTawmindelisai,
343
beli iranis saxelmwifo gansakuTrebu-
karis, samTavreli. dmaneli, bolneli,
lad uWerda mxars somxur eklesias,

axdenda zegavlenas, raTa somxeTs mie-
curtavis, rusTavis, Tbilisis, manglisi s, m rov eli , sa mTa visi s, awy veri s,
Ro is sarwmunoebr ivi mimarT uleba,

romelsac devnida bizantia, anu maSin,
roca bizantia gamokveTilad uWerda mxars
wy aros Tav eli, kum urd oeli , a xizi s,

wilkneli, ninowmindeli, bodbeli, berTas (CeleTi), kawareli, Weremi, xunanis,
qalkedon itobas, somxur eklesias

monofizituri platforma unda mieRo.
tisus? xoranTa (xornabuji). k. kekeliZe: 93 mcxeTis, mefis karis, samTavro,
ase iyo realurad.

dvinis krebaze damswre zemoT CamoTvlili episkoposTa saxelebi droTa viTarebaSi gadamwerTa da mTargmnelTa mier
damaxinjebula. ukve VII s-is dasawyis-
dmaneli, curtavi, rusTavi, mroveli,

awyvereli, wyarosTaveli, kumurdo, axiza, ninowmida//berTa, kawareTi, Wermeli, xunani, niqozi? qorzanene (xoranTa, xornabuji)~. 94
Si zogierTi saxelis amocnoba Wirda,

miT umetes, rom cnoba maT Sesaxeb
misaRebia m. broses varaudi imis

Sesaxeb, rom epistoleTa wignis `for-
berZnulidan uTargmniaT somxur enaze,

radganac somxuri dedani dakargula,
magram abraam somexTa episkoposis TqmiT,
arsebula qarTuli dedanic, romlis
mixedviTac kirions SeeZlo mcdarad dawerili saxelebis aRdgena.
m. brose cdila aRedgina zogierTi
saepiskoposos saxeli. magaliTad, `forTis~ episkoposi savaraudod miuCnevia
foTis episkoposad, timuel - Tmogvelad da ase Semdeg. 90 p. ingoroyva `forTis~ saepiskoposos mesxeTSi aTavsebda.
Tis saepiskoposo~ igive foTis saepiskoposoa. am varauds mxars uWers somxuri

wyaroebis cnoba, romlis mixedviTac
kirioni `winandel wesTa~ Tanaxmad, VI
s-is meore naxevarSi arCeul iqna ara
marto kaTalikosad, aramed egrisis arqiepiskoposad da mas foTis mitropolitadac miiCneven. meore mxriv, arsebobs
VI s-is berZeni istorikosis prokofi
kesarielis cnoba, romelic wers, rom
dasavleT saqarTvelos qristianebi emorCilebian `kaTalikoss~, kaTalikosi im
`rogorc teqstidan Cans, episkoposTa saxelebi metad damaxinjebula, qvemoT movitanT iv. javaxiSvilis, k. kekeliZisa da s. kakabaZis cdebs siis aRdgenisa... iv. javaxiSvili: 91 mcxeTis, samefo
saxlis, asureTis, Tmogveli? (dmaneli?),
bolneli, curtaveli, rusTavis, Tbilisis, mangleli, mroveli, samTavneli,
aZveli? wyarosTaveli, kumurdoeli, giSisa? wilkneli? bodbeli, bortis, kars-
droisaTvis ijda ara dasavleT saqarTveloSi, aramed mcxeTaSi, Tu kirioni

VI s-is bolos `winandel wesTa~ Tanaxmad dadgenil iqna ègrisis arqiepiskoposad~ da foTis mitropolitad. sruliad
SesaZlebelia, rom mcxeTis kaTalikoss
VI s-is dasawyisSi dvinis krebis droisaTvis foTSi hyoloda Tavisi episkoposi , ro mel sac `fo rTi s~ e pis kopo ss
uwodebda epistoleTa wigni.
nis, xunanis, tarsis? da qorbanisa (qorjanisa?). s. kakabaZe: 92 mcxeTis, mefis
prokofi kesarieli wers: `qristianTa mRvdelmTavarsac kaTalikoss uwode-
epistoleT a wigni, z. aleqsiZis kome ntari, gv. 161; 9 1 qar Tveli e ris isto ria, I, gv. 30 0; 9 2
sais torio moambe, I, gv . 50-53; 9 3 kan onikur i wyobileba, gv. 320; 9 4 epistoleT a wign i, z. aleqsiZis
kome ntari, gv. 161;
90
344
ben elinTa eniT, radgan is erTi ga95
episkoposs. rogorc Cans, èrTobasa Sina
nagebs aqaur soflebs~,

Tumca Zneli
gasagebia, am `soflis~ qveS dasavleT
qarTlis mTavarepiskoposisasa~ vaxuSti

uwodebs xanas afxazeTis sakaTaliko-
saqarTvelos gulisxmobs Tu somxeTs,

Tumca kirionis ègrisis arqiepiskoposad~
dadgenis Sesaxeb cnoba ueWvelia. z.
aleqsiZis daskvniT, `yoveli qarTlis~
kaTalikosi kirioni lazikis mitropoli-
sos daarsebamde, e.i. VIII s-mde. rogorc

Cans, qarTlis kaTalikosis samwysoSi Semaval samTavroel episkoposs dasavleT
saqarTveloSi `vake~ da xoni eqvemdebareboda VI s-Si, radgan VII s-is 20-
tis xels iTavsebda~. 96

somexi istorikosis ioane drasx-
iani wlebidan, herakle keisris laSqrobis Semdeg, dasavleT saqarTvelos erTi
anakertelis cnobiT, somexma kaTalikosma `xeli daasxa wmida kaTolike (sakrebulo) eklesiis uxucess kirions qarT-
nawili Tavis iurisdiqciaSi Seiyvana konstantinopolis sapatriarqom. aRsaniSnavia, rom mTeli dasavleT saqarTvelo
lis samwysos, gugarqis da egrisis ar-
(md. egriswylamde da klisuramde) da
qiepiskoposad.
epistoleTa wignSi aseve naxsenebia
`s efe saxl is epi sko pos i~, rom els ac
`samTavro saxlis~ episkoposs uwodebs
aseve kaxeTi samefo mamulebs (domens)

warmoadgenda. es kargad Cans `qarTlis
cxovrebidan~, _ erismTavar (`mefe~) arCil mefes miris sikvdilis Semdeg mTe-
zo gi er Ti mk vle va ri , e s und a iy os
samTavros episkoposi. rogorc Cans, sityva `samTavro~ somxurad uTargmniaT
pirdapiri gagebiT, rogorc `mTavrobis
li dasavleT saqarTvelo gadaecema,

rogorc `sauxuceso~ teritoria. aqedan
ga da su li a rCi li T av iss av e ma mu ls
afarebs Tavs kaxeTSi. safiqrebelia, rom
saxlis~, anda `sefesaxlis~ episkoposi.

aRsaniSnavia, rom samTavroeli episkoposi, romelic mcxeTaSi ijda da, rogorc
Cans, marTlac mTavarTa saxlis, anu
samefo domenebi kaxeTi da dasavleT

saqarTvelo eklesiurad samTavro saxls, anu samTavros episkoposs eqvemdebareobda.
èrismTavarTa~ saxlis episkoposi iyo,

Tavis samwysoSi aerTianebda dasavleT
saqarTvelos qristianebsac. vaxuStis
cnobiT, mcxeTeli episkoposis samwysoSi Sedioda dasavleT saqarTvelos e.w.
s. kakabaZis da sxvaTa cnobiT, somxur-qarTuli èrTobis~ kreba Sedga ara

506 wels, aramed 522 wels. zogierTi
monacemebi aseT Tvalsazriss mxars uWers. rogorc Cans, Catarda orive kreba.
samoqalaqo, xoni. vaxuSti werda: àrs

xons eklesia didi, gumbaTiani, Suenieri
nagebi, zis episkoposi, mwyemsi vakisa.
506 wels sparselTa nebiT Seikra somxur-qarTul-albanuri saeklesio kavSiri

somxuri eklesiis hegemonobiT, xolo 522
es iyo erTobasa Sina qarTlis mTavarepiskopozisa. Semdgomad ganyofisa gasves

aqa episkoposi~. 98 qarTlis mTavarepiskoposis tituli kaTalikosobis dawyebis
wels, roca sparseTma fexi kargad moikida amierkavkasiaSi, Sedga kreba monofizituri elferisa. 87 wlis Semdeg, èpistoleTa wignis~ cnobiT, kirioni ganud-
Semdeg darCa mcxeTaSi mjdom samTavros
ga somex kaTalikoss, e.i. 608-609 wlebSi.
97
geo rgika, 2, 1965, gv. 88; 9 6 epistoleTa wigni, gv. 19 6;

gv. 10; 9 8 qar Tlis cx ovreba, IV, 197 3, gv. 750.
95
97
i. drasxanakert eli, s omxeTis isto ria,
345
540-ian wlebSi sparsTa Zlieri agresiis
mitropoliti da 616 wels qarTlidan
dros, roca isini dasavleT saqarTvelos

xelSi Casagdebad ibrZodnen, saqarTveloSi
gadaxvewila~. 102 aqedan Cans, rom qarTul

eklesiaze somxur eklesias sparselTa
gaZlierda monofizituri pr opaganda,

romelTanac sabrZolvelad saqarTveloSi Camovidnen asureli mamebi. maTi Tavdadebuli Rvawlis Sedegad, ukve 551-554
wlebSi Catarebuli somxuri eklesiis kre-
nebiT hegemonoba moupovebia. sparseTis

saxelmwifos damarcxebis Semdeg herakle keisarma VII s-is 20-ian wlebSi e.w.
unia Sekra somxur eklesiasTan. somxuri eklesiis mimxroba herakle keisa-
bis gadawyvetileba uaryo qarTulma eklesiam. am wlebSi Semdgarma somxurma
risTvis udides warmatebas warmoadgenda, radganac somxur eklesias didi av-
saeklesio krebam aSkarad ganacxada Tavisi

monofizituri mrwamsis Sesaxeb, es qarTulma eklesiam miiCnia miuReblad da
toriteti da gavlena hqonda mopovebuli amierkavkasiasa da aRmosavleT samyaroSi. amasTanave, isicaa aRsaniSnavi,
msoflio eklesiis winaaRmdeg mimarTul
rom somxuri eklesia Tavis erovnul
qmedebad. amitomac ar daiWira somxuri

eklesiis mxare. 99 570-ian wlebSi, asureli mamebis Camosvlidan 20-30 wlis Semdeg, qarTuli eklesia qalkedonitobas
xasiaTs ufro met mniSvnelobas aniWebda, vidre sarwmunoebriv orientacias.

magaliTad, somxur eklesiaSi VII s-Si
Zlieri iyo rogorc monofizituri, ise
daufaravad uWerda mxars, aseve iyo VI

s-is 90-ian wlebSic, 508 -509 wlebSi
kirionma gawyvita kavSiri somxur monofizitur eklesiasTan, magram amiT ar damTavre-
qalkedonituri frTa. erT periodSi somxuri eklesia orad iyo gayofili, qalkedonit da monofitiz somxebs TavianTi
kaTalikosebi hyavdaT. Semdeg es eklesia
bula somxuri eklesiis mcdeloba, hegemonoba moepovebina amierkavkasiaSi. mas

mxars uWerda sparseTis saxelmwifo. amitomac, daaxloebiT 614 wels Sedga e.w.
gaerTianda, magram somxuri qalkedonituri da somxuri monofizituri eklesiebi

erTmaneTSi Tanaarsebobdnen somxuri erTiani erovnuli eklesiis saxiT. VII s-
`sparsuli kreba~. krebis dadgenilebis

safuZvelze sparseTis mefem xosrom gasca brZaneba: `yvela Cemma qveSevrdomma
qristianma unda miiRos somxuri sarwmunoeba~. 10 0 qarTlisa da sparseTis sxva
Si sakaTalikoso taxtze adiodnen rogorc

qalkedoniti, ise monofiziti kaTalikosebi. somxuri qalkedonituri frTa
im droisaTvis mdebareobda bizantiur
mxaris (somxeTis dasavleTiT) - tao-
imperiaSi Semavali qveynebis eklesiaTa

meTaurebi da episkoposebi àiZula SeCuenebad kreba xalkidonisa, anu warsvla
klarjeTis mezoblad, xolo somxuri

monofizituri eklesia ki mdebareobda
qvemo qarTlisa da hereTis mezoblad.
muniT~. 101 z. aleqsiZis azriT, 614 wlis

krebis gadawyvetileba uaryo kirionma da
miatova mcxeTis kaTalikosis taxti, igi
gadavida Tavissave samwysoSi dasavleT
am mezoblobam Zlieri daRi daasva saqarTvelos kuTxeTa istoriul beds. arabTa mpyrobelobis dros, saqarTveloSi
moSlili iyo saxelmwifoebrioba, mxo-
saqarTveloSi. `kirioni yofila lazikis
lod mogvianebiT Seiqmna tao-klarjeTis,
a. jafariZe, saqarTvel is samociqulo ekles iis is toria, t. I, gv. 428; 100 epistoleTa wigni, z.
aleq siZis koment ari, g v. 197 ; 101 qro nikebi, I, g v. 340 ; 102 epistoleT a wigni, gv. 198.
99
346
kaxeT-hereTisa da afxazeTis samefoebi,
cxadia, somxuri eklesiis wiaRSi yof-
iqamde ki VI s-dan rogorc tao, ise

hereTi somxurma eklesiam moaqcia Tavisi iurisdiqciis sferoSi. taosa da hereTis qarTveloba gadaiqca somxuri eklesiis mrevlad, igive bedi ewia mTel
nam Tavisi kvali daamCnia taos, klarjeTs, mTel samxreT saqarTvelos, hereTis qarTul mosaxleobas, maT SeiTvises somxuri enis elementebi, gaecnen somxur Sesabamis qalkedonitur Tu monofiz-
samxreT saqarTvelos qarTvelobas, oRond

erTi didi ganmasxvavebeli niSniT - tao
da samxreT-dasavleTis qarTveloba Sedioda somxuri qalkedonituri eklesi-
itur kulturas da sxv. uTuod es iyo

sababi imisa, rom X s-is bolosa da XI
s-is dasawyisSi bizantia-saqarTvelos
omi s dr os b erZn ebma eWv i Se itan es
is iurisdiqciaSi, hereTi da samxreTaRmosavleTis qarTveloba Sedioda somxur-monofizituri eklesiis iurisdiqciis sferoSi. rogorc taos, ise hereTisa
da mTeli samxreT saqarTvelos qarTuli eklesiebidan ganidevna qarTulenovani RvTismsaxureba da dainerga somxurenovani RvTismsaxureba. aRsaniSnavia,
rom VI s-is dasawyisSi qvemo qarTlSi
wmida SuSanikis saflavze agebul eklesiaSi, Semdgom ki curtavsa da gugarqis mraval eklesiaSi, qarTvel mrevls
daunerges somxurenovani RvTismsaxure-
qarTvelebis marTlmadideblobaSi. antioqiis patriarqs XI s-is dasawyisSi svimon wmidas berebma moaxsenes maT monasterSi myofi qarTveli berebis Sesaxeb:
àra uwyiT Tu qarTvelni arian, anu
somexni da verca xucesi maTi Jamsa wiravs monastersa Sina Cuensa. xolo ese
marTali Tques, rameTu vidre aqamomde
mravliT JamiTgan qarTveli xucesi svimeon-wmidas Jamsa ver wirvida amis mizezisaTvis, rameTu romelsame Jamsa sofluri vinme xucesi axlad Camosuli
wmidisa svimeonis suetsa zeda gamos-
ba. es wesi kirion kaTalikosma moSala

da qarTul mrevls kvlav aRudgina qarTulenovani msaxureba, magram, rogorc aRiniSna, somxebma kirioni gaaZeves qarTlis
sakaTalikoso taxtidan, ris Semdegac,
cxadia, albaT, kvlav dauweses qvemo
qarTlis qarTvelobas somxurenovani
rul iyo Jamis wirvad qalamniTa da

sabeWuriTa Tvinier samRvdeloAsa Sesamoslis. viTarc iyo pirvelad wesi Cueni da amisTvis ara uteobdes qarTulsa
xucessa Jamiswirvad~, 10 3 e.i. berZnebi
qarTvel berebs wirvis Catarebis nebas
ar rTavdnen svimeon wmidaSi, radganac
RvTismsaxureba. igive bedi ewia, rogorc

iTqva, taos, hereTsa da samxreT saqarTvelos qarTvelebs VII s-Si. hereTma mxolod X s-Si SeZlo gadaegdo aramSobliuri monofizituri eklesiis uReli
da daubrunda qarTul dedaeklesias.
xolo tao-klarjeTis qarTveloba sixaruliT daubrunda qarTul dedaeklesias IX-X ss-Si, iq, tao-klarjeTis e.w.
`qarTvelTa samefos~ aRdgenis Semdgom.
isini samRvdelo Sesamoslis gareSe atarebdnen wirvas, aseTi praqtika ki jer

kidev e.w. trulis krebam akrZala da
somxeTSi arsebuli mwvaleblobis erTerT saxed miiCnia. amitomac Ciodnen
berZnebi antioqiel patriarqTan qarTveli berebis (Cans, samxreT saqarTvelodan CasulTa) Sesaxeb: `ver gavigeT qarTvelebi arian Tu somxebi, Tumca ki qarTvelebs uwodeben TavianT Tavs~. maSas-
103
gio rgi mc ire, `c xovrebai gior gi mTawmidelisai~, Z egl. II, gv. 150;
347
adame, samxreT saqarTvelos qarTvelma
somexma sasuliero pirebma xan `wesi-
qristianebma da samRvdeloebamac SeiTvises is wesebi, romelic somxur eklesia-
erebis momizezebiT~, xanac ki Cvens sacduneblad qarTuli wmida werilis re-
Si iyo miRebuli maTi qveynis somxuri

eklesiis iurisdiqciaSi yofnisas. amitom Cioda giorgi mcire: Cven marTlmadideblebi varT, magram berZnebi cdilobdnen `raTa wmidasa amas da marTal-
daqtireba SeZles ukve somxuri enidan

da zogierTi saeklesio wignic iTargmna somxuridan. am mdgomareobis gamosworeba daiwyo ukve VIII ss-dan da mimdinareobda XI s-is meore naxevramde.
sa sarwmunoebasa Cvensa biwi raime daswamon~. 104 aseve mwvaleblobaSi dades bra-
gansakuTrebiT iRvawes eqvTime da giorgi

mTawmidelebma, pirvelma `zemoxsenebu-
li mTawmidis qarTvel berebsac XI s-is

pirvel naxevarSi. am SemTxvevaSi berZnebisaTvis sababi is yofila, rom maT Se-
li RvarZlisagan sruliad ganwminda

mravlad TargmanebiTa wmidaTa werilTaATa~. 106 giorgi mcires eqvTime mTawmide-
umCneviaT qarTuli wmida werilis somx-
lis udides damsaxurebad miaCnia somx-
uri redaqciebis mixedviT redaqtireba.

amaSic eTanxmeba giorgi mcire berZnebs
da ambobs: ègreTve daRacaTu pirveliTganve guqondes werilnica da sarwmunoe-
uri `RvarZlisagan~ qarTuli wmida werilis ganwmeda misi SejerebiT berZnul

redaqciebTan. igive samuSao Cautarebia giorgi mTawmidelsac, romelmac zo-
ba WeSmariti da marTali, garna qveyana

Cveni Sors iyo qveyanisagan saberZneTisa
da viTarca Teslni arawmidani Soris Cvensa
daTesul iyvnes borotni igi Teslni somex-
gierTi qarTuli wigni òdesme Targmnilni da wuT ver keTilad gamo Rebulni, gina Tu Jamsa sigrZiTa ucebTa
da ugunurTa mxmarebelTagan dagesle-
Tani, gularZnilni da manqanani da amis

mier friad gvevneboda, rameTu naTesavi
Cveni wrfeli iyo da umanko, xolo igini
reca mizeziTa wesierebisaATa, reca cdune-
bulni, viTarca vTqviT, brZmedsa mas

Sina wmidisa mis gonebisa Tvisisasa
gamoadvna da gamoaxurva~. 10 7
ùgunur mxmarebelTagan dageslebul~
bad gvazmnobdes da romelnime wignica

guqondes maTgan Targmnili~. 105
gi or gi m ci re e xe ba i m sa ki Tx s,
romelic Cven zemoT ganvixileT, kerZod, Tavdapirvelad qarTvelebs gvqonda
w i g ne b S i Se i Z l e ba i g u li s x m e bo d e s
`pirveliTgan~ marTlad Targmnili wmida
werilis somxur redaqciebTan Sejereba.
rogorc iTqva, IX-X ss-Si samxreT
saqarTvelosa da hereTis qarTveloba
wmida werilis berZnuli enidan kargad

gadmoRebuli Targmanebi (Cans IV-V ssSi), Semdgom saberZneTisagan gangvaSora
daubrunda qarTuli dedaeklesiis wiaRs.

es iyo didZali mosaxleoba. iqamde,
somxuri eklesiis iurisdiqciaSi yofnis
sparseTis saxelmwifom, VI-VIII ss-Si

`viTarca Teslni arawmidani Soris Cvensa daTesul iyv nes borotni Teslni
somexTani, gularZnilni da manqanani da
dros am qarTvelTa yovelTvis hqondaT

udidesi miswrafeba dabrunebodnen Tavis
erovnul eklesias, xelsayreli politikuri viTarebisTanave es udidesi ode-
amis mier friad gvevneboda~, kerZod,
noba qarTvelebisa sixaruliT SeuerTda
gio rgi mcire, `cx ovrebai giorg i mTawmidelisai~, Zeg l. II, gv. 14 9; 105 Zve li qar Tuli ag iograf iuli
lite raturis Zeglebi, 1967, gv. 123; 106 iqve , gv. 124; 107 iqv e, gv. 146.
104
348
erovnul wiaRs. am dros moxda ara
`qarTvelni varT naTesaviT mxneni da
`somexi qalkedonitebis~ gaqarTveleba,

rogorc warmoudgenia zogierT mecniers,
mxedrobiT aRzrdilni~; `monazonni monastrisa Cemisni guarad (e.i. gvar-to-
aramed, piriqiT, iqamde somxuri eklesiis samwysodan Tavdaxsnili mosaxleobis

dabruneba Tavis erovnul eklesiaSi.
maSasadame, adgili ar hqonia arc `somexTa~ da arc `her-albanelTa~ gaqarTvele-
miT) qarTvelni arian~ da sxva msgavss

werda grigol bakurianis Ze. es `sarwmunoebiT somexi~, xolo `naTesaviT~,
g va ri T, wa rm o ma vl ob i T qa r Tv el eb i
daubrundnen samSoblo ersa da ekle-
bas. herebi (igulisxmeba ara albanelebi, aramed kaxeTis momijnave hereTis
sias. ase rom, IX-XI ss-Si ar hqonia

adgili araviTar `gaqarTvelebas~. piri-
mosaxleoba) imTaviTve qarTvelebi iyvnen,

magram mxolod `somxurenovanni~ saeklesio TvalsazrisiT, rogorc taoeli
qiT, saerTaSoriso araxelsayreli viTarebis gamo, TiTqmis 400 wlis manZilze, VI-X ss-Si, amierkavkasiis mas-
qarTvelebi. es qarTveloba dedaeklesi-
StabiT im droisaTvis uZlieresma somexTa
is wiaRSi dabrunebisas inaTleboda kidec,

radgan qarTul eklesiaSi miRebuli wesis Tanaxmad, somxuri eklesiis yofil
wevrTa monaTvla aucilebeli iyo. ase
eklesiam SeZlo qarTvelebis erTi nawilis moqceva somxuri eklesiis wiaRSi.

amas saTave daedo dvinis 506 wlis krebis Semdeg. sabednierod, qarTulma ek-
moinaTla `gvirpeli~ aTonis lavraSi.

igi am monaTvliT ki ar `gaqarTvelda~,
rogorc miaCnia zogierT mkvlevars,
aramed igi, iqamdec erovnebiT qarTve-
lesiam
SeZlo
ikuri
VI
li, Sevida erovnuli eklesiis wiaRSi.

grigol bakurianis Ze petriwonis monastris tipikonSi wers: `vinaica menebos, naTesavTa CemTa da msaxurTa CemTa,
cnobiT, qarTlis samefoSi iyo 33 episkoposi, xolo VII s-is damdegs (608 wels)
_ 35. dvinis 506 wlis saeklesio krebas
SeeZlo udidesi uaryofiTi zegavlena moex-
daRacaTu somexni iyvnen sarwmunoebiTa~. 108 gasagebia, rom grigol bakurianis

Zes, rogorc taoel didebuls, SesaZloa hyoloda `sarwmunoebiT somexi~
naTesavebi da msaxurebic, radgan, rogorc
dina qarTuli eklesiis Semdgom cxovrebaze, qarTveli episkoposebi maRal sulier

simaRleze rom ar aRmoCeniliyvnen. maT
qarTvel ers SeunarCunes mociqulTagan
miRebuli marTlmadidebloba.
vTqviT, taos mkvidri qarTveloba saukuneTa manZilze somxuri eklesiis mrevls

warmoadgenda, maT amitom miiRes `somx-
sabolood, rogorc zemoT aRiniSna,

dvinis saeklesio krebam, romelSic 24
qarTveli episkoposi monawileobda, war-
uri sarwmunoeba~, magram isini `naTesaviT~, gvartomobiT qarTvelebi iyvnen.
moaCina qarTuli eklesiis TavisTavadoba da TviTmyofadoba.
108
moipova Zala RvTis SewevniT da

Tavisi mrevlis erovnuli da fizgadarCena.
s-is damdegs, siriuli wyaros
pet riwonis monastris t ipikon i, Tav i 35, muxli 11, a.SaniZe, Txzule bani, t . 11, 1986, 118.
349
mcxeTis krebebi (VII s-is dasawyisSi)

VII s-is pirvel naxevarSi qarTlis
mTavrad wodebulma stefanoz adarnases
ufros yovelTa dResaswaulTasa Sekrbian

da adidebdian RmerTsa~. 109
Ze farnavazian-xosroianma qalkedonuri
aRmsareblobis erTgulma da `sjulis
ganmwmedelma~ axlad aSenebuli mcxeTis jvris taZris galavanSi aaSena darbazebi da brZana: `kreba yovelTa paraskev-
esaa uZvelesi da ueWveli cnoba

saqarTveloSi saeklesio krebaTa Sesaxeb. masSi daculia iseTi faqtebi, romelTac arabTa Semosevebis Semdgom aRar hqonda simZafre. kerZod, aq aris ganzogade-
Ta da mun Sekrbian yovelni episkoposni

da mRvdelni mis adgilisa da arisani
kaTalikosis Tana, winaSe patiosnisa juarisa, viTarca didi paraskevi. xolo
sakaTalikososa arian krebani yovelTa
xuTSabaTTa da adidian wmida sioni, viTarca didsa xuTSabaTsa, saidumlosa
Tana xorciTa da sisxliTa qristesiTa,
buli erToblivi xseneba sparsTa `didi

Zli ereb is~ d ros s arwm unoeb isaT vis
Tavdadebul mowameebisa. arabTa Semosevebisas imdeni axali mowame gaCnda, rom
qarTuli eklesia sparsTa Zlierebis dros
gaCenil mowameTa erT romelime dRes
saerTo xsenebas aRar aRniSnavda. aseve
es aris cnoba, rom mcxeTaSi `saepisko-
xolo mcxeTas saepiskopososa arn yovelTa samSabaTTa kreba da xseneba pirvel

mowamis stefanesi da yovelTa mowameTa, didisa misgan Zlierebisa sparsTasa,
poso samarxavSi~ dakrZaluli abibos

nekreselis xseneba yvelaze ufro didi
dResaswauli iyo, rac, albaT, asec iyo
VII s-is dasawyisSi. ase rom, cnobebi
romel wamebul iyvnes da abibos nekresel episkoposis dResaswaulsa missa
ue Wvel ia da
Tanadroulia.
109
qar Tlis c xovreb a, t. I, 1955, gv. 228-229;
110
moTx rob ili
qar Tlis c xovreba, t. I, gv. 229.
amb is
350
matianes mowmobiT, aRniSnul sauku-
paraskevs, yovel xuTSabaTsa da yovel
neSi saeklesio krebebi imarTeboda episkoposebisa da samRvdeloebis monawileo-
samSabaTs gamarTul mcxeTis krebebze

monawileobas iRebda qarTuli eklesiis
biT mcxeTis jvris taZarTan (yovel

paraskevs). yovel xuTSabaTs saeklesio
krebebi imarTeboda sveticxovelSi da
yovel samSabaTs _ samTavros taZarSi.
es saeklesio krebebi, cxadia, ar iyo
mmarTveloba, SeiZleba mas sinodis krebebic vuwodoT. rogorc moyvanili cnobidan Cans, es krebebi ar moicavda mxolod sxdomebs, aramed mas Tan erTvoda,
rac zogjer umTavresi momenti iyo, wirva,
sruliad qarTuli eklesiis kreba, magram masSi monawileobda qarTuli ek-
locvebi, xalxis dalocva da sxva saeklesio saqmianoba.
lesiis umTavresi birTvi - kaTalikosi

da `yovelni episkoposni da mRvdelni
mis adgilisa da arisani kaTalikosis
swored mcxeTis am krebebma, uaqtiuresma saeklesio saqmianobam, SeunarCuna saek lesio dedaq alaqi s sax eli
Tana~. 110 maSasadame, kaTalikosTan erTad
mcxeTas Semdgom saukuneebSi, im dro-
mon awil eobd a mc xeTe li e pisk opos i,

romelsac `mTavarepiskoposis~ wodeba
hqonda, xolo rezidencia samTavroSi,
albaT, wilkneli episkoposi da axlo
sac ki, roca Semdeg arabTa Semosevebis gamo igi, faqtobrivad, dangreuli
iyo da dakarguli hqonda funqciuri
datvirTva. rogorc Cans, arabTa da
mdebare eparqiaTa episkoposebi, yovel

SemTxvevaSi ara erTi, aramed ramdenime
episkoposi. rogorc cnobilia, VI s-is
dasawyisSi qarTlis sakaTalikosoSi 35
Turq-seljukTa Semosevebisas saeklesio krebeb i dedaq alaq m cxeTaS i ki

aRar imarTeboda, aramed, magaliTad,
javaxeTSi, RrtilaSi, quTaisSi da sxva-
episkoposi iyo. aqedan, albaT, kaTalikosis karze yoveldRiurad ramdenime

mainc imyofeboda. Cveni fiqriT, yovel
gan. mxolod XI s-Si saqarTvelos gaerTianebis Semdeg daibruna mcxeTam Zveli drois sidiade.
351
antioqiis I saeklesio kreba (VIII s-is 50-iani wlebi)

qvemo iberiis, anu afxazeTis sakaTalikosos Camoyalibeba
m so f l io qr i st i a no b is er T - er T
udides dedaqalaq antioqiaSi, cxadia,
mravali saeklesio kreba Catarda sauku-
ki XI s-is 50-ian wlebs, magram xazgasmiT unda aRiniSnos, rom swored

an ti oqi is pa tri ar qeb Ta n S emd ga ri
neTa manZilze, magram Cveni gansaxilveli TemisaTvis sainteresoa antioqiis

is krebeb i, ro mlebz edac g anixi les
krebebis dros msoflio saeklesio

kanonebis udidesi mcodne wmida giorgi mTawmideli ar miiCnevda antioqias
qarTuli eklesiis sakiTxi. erTi aseTi

kreba Catarebula VIII s-is 50-ian wlebSi, mravali istoriuli wyaro da av-
qarTuli eklesiisaTvis dedaeklesiad,

e.i. misi azriT, qarTul eklesias ar
miuRia antioqiisagan avtokefalia da
tori miuTiTebs am krebis Sesaxeb. aRniSnuli kreba warmoa dgens antioq iaSi
qarTuli eklesiis Sesaxeb Catarebul
krebaTagan erT-erT pirvels, amitomac
Cven mas vuwodebT àntioqiis I saeklesio krebas~ gansasxvaveblad antioqiaSive XI s-is 50-ian wlebSi Catarebuli
qarTuli eklesia Tavidanve, mociqulTa droidanve, damoukidebeli iyo, radgan IX-XI ss-Ta saeklesio-samarTlebrivi TvalsazrisiT mociqulTa mier
daarsebuli da, saerTod, I-III ss-Si
arsebuli èrovnuli saeklesio Temebi~ erTma neTisagan damouk idebelni
krebisagan.
mravali Tanamedrove mecnieri miiCnevs antioqias im eklesiad, romelmac
iyvnen. Tuki qarTuli eklesia daarsebuli iyo andria pirvelwodebulis an

sxva romelime mociqulis mier, maSin
qarTul eklesias avtokefalia mianiWa.

erTni fiqroben, rom es moxda V s-Si
petre fulonis an romelime misi Tanamosaydris mier, meoreni uTiTeben VIII
s-is Cvens gansaxilvel krebas, mesameni
igi, iseve, rogorc romis imperiasa da

sxva qveynebSi arsebuli eklesiebi,
Tavidanve Tavisufali da avtokefaluri
unda yofiliyo. amis dasamtkiceblad
mxolod imis Secnoba iyo saWiro, iqada-
352
ga Tu ara saqarTveloSi romelime wmi-
moadgen da.
da mociqulma. marTlac, giorgi mTawmidelma antioqiis sapatriarqo krebaze
qarTuli mosaxleoba yovelTvis mtkiced
daamtkica, rom saqarTvelo wmida andriam gananaTla, maSasadame, igi Tavidanve

samociqulo, e.i. TavisTavadi da avtokefaluri eklesia iyo. am mtkicebaTa dros
giorgi mTawmideli gamarjvebuli gamov-
d asavle T
saq arTve los
icavda mociqulTagan miRebul swavlebas, maSasadame, misTvis miuRebeli iyo

xatme b rZ o l ur i
eresi.
dasavleT
saqarTvelos qarTveli mosaxleoba, cxadia, cdilobda rogorme aeridebina sasuliero kavSiri xatmebrZolur kon-
ida, es moxda XI s-is 50-ian wlebSi.

giorgi mTawmidelis am CvenebaTa winaaRm-
stantinopolTan, amasTanave, yvela ZalRones xmarobda nebismieri saeklesio
deg, TiTqosda, miuTiTebda efrem mcirisa da sxvaTa mier moZiebuli cnoba

antioqiis sapatriarqo karze VIII s-is
sakiTxi moegvarebina saeklesio weseb-
50-ian wlebSi Catarebuli krebis Sesaxeb,
kanonikuri kavSiri daemyarebina erTiani
romelmac ganixila qarTuli eklesiis

sakiTxi da arasruli avtokefalia mianiWa mas. vaxtang goilaZem gamoikvlia,
am dros saqme exeboda ara sruliad
saqarTvelos, anu mcxeTis eklesias,
aramed dasavleT saqarTvelos im nawilis saeklesio beds, romelic VIII ssaTvis bizantiis imperiis nawils Seadgenda, eklesiurad konstantinopolis sapatriarqosadmi iyo daqvemdebarebuli da
misgan gaTavisuflebas cdilobda.
saqme is aris, rom saeklesio iurisdiqciis TvalsazrisiT, VII s-is Semdeg saqarTvelo or nawilad iyo gayofili. qveynis udides nawils Tavis
iurisdiqciaSi iqvemdebarebda mcxeTis
sakaTalikoso, xolo dasavleT saqarTvelos zRvispireTi e.w. skanda-Sorapnis
xazamde bizantiis saxelmwifos mier
iyo xeldebuli politikuri mizezebis
gamo. VIII s-Si TandaTanobiT gaerTianda dasavleT saqarTvelo afxazeTis
mTavrebis hegemoniiT, daiwyo fiqri qveyni s bi zan ti el Ta gan g aT avi su fl eb isaTvis. amave dros bizantiaSi aRmoceneba iwyo xatmebrZolobis eresma, romlis cent rs ko nstan tinop oli w ar-
is sruli dacviT. dasavleT saqarTvelos aRniSnuli mosaxleoba cdilobda

berZnuli eklesiis sxva romelime ara
xatmebrZolur sapatriarqosTan, kerZod ki, antioqiasTan. miT umetes, rom
arabTa Semosevebis gamo, TiTqmis 8 0
wlis ganmavlobaSi, daaxloebiT 650iani wlebidan 730-ian wlebamde, antioqiis patriarqebi konstantinopolSi imyofebodnen da ara antioqiaSi.
gansaxilvel krebamde sul ramdenime xniT adre, VIII s-is dasawyisSi,
konstantinopolidan dabrunebul ierarqs aRudgenia antioqiis sapatriarqo
taxti. ase rom, antioqiis patriarqi im
droisaTvis SesaZlebelia konstantinopolis udidesi eklesiis erT-erT nawiladac ki yofiliyo miCneuli, oRondac
im gansxvavebiT, rom antioqia icavda
marTlmadideblur sarwmunoebas, xatTayvaniscemas uWerda mxars, xolo konstantinopolSi, rogorc aRiniSna, xatmebrZoluri eresi iyo gabatonebuli. marTlac, dasavleT saqarTvelos qarTveli
ierarqebi Casulan antioqiaSi saeklesio sakiTxebis gadasaWrelad. efrem
mcire wers: `dReTa konstantine skoris
mosaxelisaTa, antioqias patriaqobisa
ne tari sa T eofi laq tess a,
353
m ovid es
Jamad berZnul eklesiaze daqvemdebare-
qarTliT mociqulad monazonni orni

mouTxres netarsa Teofilaqtes, viTarmed
buli dasavleT saqarTvelos nawilisaTvis.

v. goilaZem gaarkvia, rom Teofilaqte
didsa Wirsa Sina arian qristeaneni

mkvidrni qarTvelTa soflebisani. rameTu
dRiTagan netarisa anastasi mRvdel-mowa-
antioqielis mier 744-750 wlebSi saqarTvelos kaTalikosad xeldasxmuli

ioane dasavleT saqarTvelos (afxaze-
misa antioqiel patriarqisa ara kurTxeul ars maTda kaTalikosi mTavarepisko-
Tis) pirvel (avtokefalur?) kaTalikosad unda iqnes miCneuli. misi moRvaweo-
posi siZnelisaTvis gzisa, rameTu agarinTagan vervin ikadrebs svlad. xolo

man bWobiTa krebisaTa mTavarepiskoposTa, mitropolitTa da episkoposTa TvisTa
Tana misca qarTvelTa protreptikoni,
ba 744 wlis Semdgom xanaze modis. 113

efremis cnobas àntioqiuri qronografidan~, romelsac Cvenamde ar mouRwevia, imeorebs efremis Tanamedrove da
T an a m oR v a we n ik o n S a v mT e l i T a vi s
romel ars ganxsniTi, raTa TviT maTisa

sazRvris episkoposTagan xelni daesxmo-
`panediqtebSi~. am cnobaSi, rogorc zemoT iyo moyvanili, naxsenebia bizantiis
dian Jamad-Jamadsa kaTalikossa qarTlisasa,

raica saRmrToman madlman uCvenos maT
da romeli gamoarCion moyvasTa Tavisa
eklesiisaTa... da Seuqmna maT aRweriT mosaxsenebeli Tavisa TvisisaTvis da mun
Semokrebulisa krebisaTvis da xelTdasxmul yo erTi orTa maT missa movlinebulTa monazonTagani saxeliT ioane
mis Jamisa kaTalikosad maTda~. 111
rogorc aRiniSna, antioqieli patriarqebi arabTa Semosevis gamo aTwleulebis
manZilze konstantinopolSi imyofebod-
imperatori xatmebrZoli konstantine V

(719-775). igi marTlmadideblebs sZuldaT da metsaxelic Searqves xatmebrZolobis gamo _ `funiani~ (mudam sajiniboSi iyo cxenTa siyvarulis gamo),
qarTulad ki Searqves `skore~, rac igive
metsaxelia. am imperatoris dros antioqiaSi ìberiidan~ mosula ori monazoni, Tanaxmad nikon SavmTelisa. nikons
naxsenebi aqvs ara `qarTli~, aramed ìberia~. efrem mcires, vaxtang goilaZis
gam okvl eviT, dauS via mrava li q ro-
nen tridornis RvTismSoblis eklesiaSi.

isini TavianT sicocxleSi antioqiaSi
ar Casulan, VI msoflio krebaze arCeuli Teofane antioqieli patriarqis gardacvalebamde. amis Semdeg antioqielma
qristianebma xalifa haSinis (723-743)
nebarTviT aRadgines antioqiis kaTedra 112
(Cans, igulisxmeba hiSami).
antioqieli patriarqis Teofilaqtes
dros (744-750 ) an tioqiaSi Casul
nologiuri Secdoma qarTuli eklesiis

istoriuli Txrobis gadmocemis dros. 114
Cven ierusalimeli patriarqebis cnobebis analizis safuZvelze SeiZleba vTqvaT, rom man Secdoma dauSva saqarTvelos istoriul geografiaSic. kerZod,
ucxoelebi iberias uwodebdnen ara mxolod aRmosavleT saqarTvelos, aramed
dasavleT saqarTvelosac. xSirad isini
aRmosavleT saqarTvelos `zemo iberias~,
qarTvelTa saeklesio delegacias miuRwevia mieRo arasruli avtokefalia im-
xolo dasavleT saqarTvelos `qvemo iberias~ uwodebdnen. rogorc nikonis cno-
ef rem mc ire, uwyebai mize zisa qarTve lTa moqcevisasa, 1959, gv. 9 ; 112 Vb[ fbk <htr^ Cgbcjr
Fynbj[ bbcrb[ gfnhbfh[jd^ N hels Rbtdcr jq Le[ & Fr fltvbb^ 18 74^ B.ym^ c& 3 97-398$ 113 v . go il aZ e,
qarT uli ek lesiis saTave ebTan, 1991, gv. 17 0; 114 iqv e, gv. 155.
111
354
bidan Cans, àntioqiur qronografSi~
is kaTalikoss miiCneven ufros kaTa-
ewera, rom antioqiaSi delegacia mivida

`qvemo iberiidan~, anda ubralod ìberi-
likosad, radganac mefe, e.i. imereTis

Tavi, maTTan iwodeba mTeli iberiis
idan~, magram igulisxmeboda dasavleT

saqarTvelo. efremma ki sityva ìberia~
Targmna, rogorc `qarTli~. Semdegdroindelma istorikosebma, bunebrivia, `qarTl is ~ q v eS ig u li s xm e s a Rm o sa v le T
mefed-mefed. 1 1 5
meore ierusalimeli patriarqi imave
epoqisa - xrisanfi ambobs: `saqarTveloSi, romelsac adre iberia erqva, iyo
ori avtokefaluri arqiepiskoposi... am-
saqarTvelo da efrem-nikonis cnoba mcxeTis sakaTalikososadmi mikuTvnebul cno-
aTgan erTi arqiepiskoposi qvemo iberiisa iwodeboda imereTis, oseTis, guri-
bad miiCnies. maSasadame, àntioqiur

qronografSi~ ewera, rom saeklesio delegacia antioqiaSi mivida ìberiidan~,
is da sruliad qvemo iberiis unetares

kaTalikosad, anu
martivad sruliad
iberiis unetares kaTalikosad, rogorc
`qvemo iberiidan~. am azris dasadasture-
ufro ufrosi zemo iberiis kaTaliko-
blad moviyvanoT ierusalimeli patriar qe bi s: do si Te osi sa d a x ri sa nf is

(qrisanTos) cnobebi. XVII s-is ierusalimeli patriarqi dosiTeosi wers: ìbe-
sze, xolo meore, e.i. zemo iberiisa

iwodeboda qarTlis, kaxeTis, alvaneTis, sruliad zemo iberiis unetares
kaTalikosad... romeli imperatoris dros
riaSi ori avtokefaluri arqiepiskoposia, romelTac qarTvelebi kaTalikoss

uwodeben. qvemo iberias, romelsac Zvelad kolxeTi da lazika erqva, aqvs
an romel krebaze gaxda is saarqiepiskoposo, Cven zustad ver davadgineT, magram 26 ivnisis svinaqsarSi vpoulobT,
rom ioane goTeTis episkoposi xel-
eparqiebi imereTSi, guriaSi, samegreloSi, afxazeTSi, svaneTsa da mesxeTis nawilSi. es eparqiebi eqvemdebarebodnen konstantinopolis saydars fa-
dasxmul iqna iberiis kaTalikosis mier,

radganac qveynebSi batonobda xatmebrZolTa eresi, ase rom, rogorc Cans,
herakles Semdeg isavramde qvemo iberia
sidis mitropolitis saSualebiT... ase

rom, herakles Semdeg lev isavrosamde
qvemo iberia ukve avtokefaluri saarqiepiskoposo iyo, magram ar viciT, romeli imperatoris dros da romel kre-
saarqiepiskoposo gaxda~. 11 6
rogorc zemoT moyvanili ierusalimeli patriarqebis Txzulebebidan Cans,
dasavleT saqarTvelos marTlac `qvemo
iberias~, anu ìberias~ uwodebdnen her-
baze mianiWes mas avtokefalia. zemo

da qvemo iberias Soris sazRvari aris
qedi, romelic kavkasiis mTebSi iwyeba,
akle keisris drosac (e.i. VII s-Si) da

Semdgomac. XVII s-is ierusalimeli patriarqebi xSirad stumrobdnen dasavlET
qarTulad qulfargi hqvia, qvemo iveriis

kaTalikosi pativiT ufro metia zemo
iveriis kaTalikosze, radganac is ukve
isavrosis dros 720 wels kaTalikosi
saqarTvelos eklesias imis gamo, rom imereTis mefeebi qristianebi iyvnen, xolo
im droisaTvis qarTlisa da kaxeTis mefexanebi ki mahmadianebi. imereTis mefes,
iyo qvemo iberiisa... iberebi qvemo iberi-
sruliad samarTlianad, Tavisi Tavi mi-
dosiTeosi, ierusalimeli patriarqebi, Tavi 5, gv. 510, wignidan sardeli mitropoliti maqsimi, qarTuli
eklesia da misi avtokefalia, `Teologia~, aTeni, 1966 w., rusuli Targmanis gv. 47-48; 116 iqve, gv. 48.
115
aCnda Zveli qristiani qarTveli mefeT
mefeebis legitimur memkvidred. amasTanave, imereTis, anu afxazeTis kaTalikosebi (mahmadianur uRelqveS moqceuli
qarTl-kaxeTisagan gansxvavebiT) sruliad saqarTvelos (anu iberiis) mTavarkaTalikosebad Tvlidnen TavianT Tavs.
maSasadame, aRniSnuli patriarqis dros
swored `qvemo iberiis~, anu dasavleT
saqarTvelos kaTalikosebi miiCnevdnen
sruliad saqarTvelos uzenaes saWeTmpyrobelad TavianT Tavs. aseTi tendenciebi SeumCneviaT ierusalimel-antioqiel
patriarqebs da SeutaniaT TavianT TxzulebebSi. XVII s-is ierusalimeli patriarqebi cdilan gaerkviaT, Tu rodis
moipova TavisTavadoba dasavleT saqarTvelos, anu `qvemo iberiis~ eklesiam da
gaurkveviaT, rom es moxda imperator
herakles Semdeg lev isavrosamde anu
VII-VIII ss-Si. aseTi Zieba qarTulsave
wyaroebSi gaagrZeles SemdgomSi saqarTveloSi Camosulma antioqielma patriarqebma da sxva aRmosavlelma mRvdelmTavrebma da samRvdelo pirebma. magaliTad, aseTi iyo antioqieli patriarqi XVII
s-sa makariosi. igi, rogorc sxva misi
Tanamoazreebi, eZiebda, Tu rodis moipova
dasavleT saqarTvelos eklesiam Tavisufleba. mis Ziebas warmateba mohyolia (antioqiel-ierusalimeli patriarqebi da sasuliero pirebi qarTul wyaroebSi eZebdnen saWiro cnobebs, maT mzeWabuk mesxeTis mTavarsac moupoves aseTi cnoba).
patriarqi makariosi werda, rom antioqiel patriarq Teofilaqtes dros,
VIII s-Si, afxazeTis mefe daviTma antioqiaSi gagzavna sasuliero delegacia.
maT gzaze yaCaRebi daxvdnen da gaZarcves, ori maTgani gadarCa. Teofilaqtem
355
moiwvia kreba, romelzedac gadawyda,

afxazeTisaTvis daeniSna damoukidebeli
kaTalikosi, romelic afxazeTisaTvis akurTxebda mRvdelmTavrebs, magram im pirobiT, rom moixseniebda antioqiis patriarqebs... erTi maTgani ioane, patriarqma
kaTalikosad akurTxa, mas mudmivad unda
ecxovra afxazeTSi, meore afxazi patriarqma episkoposad akurTxa da orive
samSoblo afxazeTSi gamoistumra. 117
makariosis mixedviT, es pirveli kaTalikosi iyo ioane. antioqiis patriarqs
dautovebia ufleba dasavleT saqarTveloSi yovelwliurad gaegzavna egzarqosi
mRvdelmTavarTa da winamZRolTa saqcielis gamosaZieblad da Sewiruli soflebidan Semosavlis asakrefad. didi
drois Semdeg, makariosis mixedviT, antioqiis patriarq Teodores (970-975)
saqarTveloSi mwvalebelTa RvarZlis aRmocenebis dros gaugzavnia afxazeTSi
wesrigis dasamyareblad Tavisi mdivani
basili. afxazeTis eklesias aseve am dros
mieca mironis adgilzeve, mcxeTidan miRebis ufleba.
makariosis cnobidan aSkarad Cans,
rom antioqiis CvenTvis saintereso krebas patriarq Teofilaqtes dros gadauWria ara sruliad saqarTvelos (mcxeTis) eklesiis sakiTxi, aramed qarTuli
eklesiis im nawilisa, romelic dasavleT saqarTveloSi arsebobda. sxva sakiTxia, Seesabameba Tu ara misi yvela
monacemi sinamdviles. msgavsi cnoba aqvs
XVIII s-is antioqiel mRvdels miqael
breks, romlis Tanaxmad, mefe daviTs
antioqiaSi gaugzavnia ara ori, aramed
12 monazoni, 10 arabebs mouklavT gzaSi. brekis cnobebi qarTuli eklesiis
Sesaxeb emyareba efrem mcires Txzu-
:ept G&^ Uhepbz d 17 cnjktnbb gj bpj,hf;tyb. gfnhbfh[f Vfrfhbz^ Rfpfym^ 1905^ c& 10-11& v. goilaZe, dasax.
naSr., gv. 171.
117
356
lebis monacemebs (isini qarTul xel-
egzarqosis gamogzavnis, arasruli av-
nawerebSi iyo mimobneuli) da agreTve,
tokefalis da sxvaTa Sesaxeb.
cxadia, sxva wyaroebs. magaliTad, m.
rogorc wyaroebi aRniSnaven, herak-
brekis cnobiT, antioqiaSi qarTveli kaTa-
le keisris droidan qarTuli dedaek-
likosis Casvla xeldasasxmelad IV s-
lesiisagan mowyvetili da konstanti-
dan, evstaTi antioqielis droidan mo-
nopolis iurisdiqciaSi Sesuli dasavleT
dis, es cnoba aSkarad efrem mcires
saqarTvelos mrevli VIII s-dan Seecada
cnobis gameorebaa. evstaTi antioqie-
mieRwia berZnuli centrebidan damoukide-
lis saxeli TviT efremma CarTo Tavis
blobisaTvis. marTlac, maT moipoves
TxzulebaSi. mironis Sesaxebac efremis
damoukidebloba. isini nel-nela ara mx-
cnobebs imeorebs sxva cnobebis gameo-
olod gamovidnen berZnuli centrebis
rebasTan erTad. 118
daqvemdebarebidan, aramed TandaTanobiT
rogorc zemoT moyvanilidan Cans,
aRidgines qarTulenovani wirva-locvac.
yvela ucxoeli avtori, maT Soris,
da rac kidev ufro arsebiTia, ucxo
dosiTeosi, xrisanfi, makariosi da brekic
kaTedrebis nacvlad daaarses WeSmari-
ki VIII s-is 50-ian wlebSi Semdgari
tad qarTuli kaTedrebi, romelTagan, al-
antioqiis krebis gadawyvetilebas akav-
baT, umTavresi biWvinTis kaTedris Sem-
Sireben ara mcxeTis sakaTalikososTan,
deg Wyondidis kaTedra iyo. es procesi
aramed dasavleT saqarTvelos eklesia-
gagrZelda TiTqmis 200 wlis manZilze.
sTan, romelic aRniSnul dros marTlac
iqamde ki berZnuli centrebidan mirons,
mowyvetili iyo qarTul dedaeklesias
kaTalikosis xeldasxmasa Tu egzarqoss
da ibrZoda berZnebisagan eklesiuri
marTlac iRebdnen. rogorc iTqva, sab-
damoukideblobis misaRwevad. amitomac,
olood, saqarTvelos es nawili qarTul
dabejiTebiT unda iTqvas, rom àntioqi-
dedaeklesias daubrunda.
ur qronografSi~, saidanac aRniSnuli
mxolod qarTulenovani kaTedrebis
krebis Sesaxeb cnobebi aqvT amoRebuli
xelqveS qarTuli mrevlis moqcevis Sem-
efrem mciresa da nikon SavmTels, lapar-
deg unda ecno sruliad saqarTvelos
akia ara `qarTlis~, aramed ìberiis~ ek-
saxelmwifoebriv da saeklesio mmarTve-
lesiis Sesaxeb. berZnuli wyaro ìberi-
lobas dasavleT saqarTvelos eklesiis
is~ qveS, rogorc aRiniSna, gulisxmobda
dabruneba qarTuli dedaeklesiis wiaR-
ara
dasavleT
Si oficialuri saxiT. es `qarTlis cx-
saqarTvelos, radganac saqarTvelos orive
ovrebis~ CanarTis Tanaxmad, momxdara
nawils ìberias~ uwodebdnen ucxoelebi.
830 wels, bagrat kurapalatis dros.
aqedan gamomdinare, aRniSnul avtorTa
pavle ingoroyvas gamokvleviT, am droi-
yovelgvari cnoba, gamomavali àntioqi-
saTvis mcxeTis sakaTalikosos afxaze-
uri qronografidan~ Seexeboda dasav-
Tis, anu `qvemo iberiis~ eklesiisaTvis
leT saqarTvelos da ara mcxeTis ekle-
gadaucia iqamde mis samwysoSi Semavali
sias, esaa mironis kurTxevis uflebis,
argveTi. amis Semdeg afxa-zeTis sakaTa-
118
aRmosavleT, aramed
Vb[fbk <htr^ Cgbcjr Fynbj[bbcrb[ Gfnhbfh[jd^ Nhels Rbtdcrjq le[& Frfltvbb^ 1874^ b.ym^ 399-400&
357
likosos iurisdiqcia vrceldeboda Savi
wesis Tanaxmad megrelTa arqiepiskopo-
zRvidan lixis mTamde. am aqtis Semdgom

mcxeTis uzenaesi saeklesio iurisdiqcia
si iyo~, maSasadame, VI s-is dasawyisSi

qarTuli eklesiis sazRvari gadioda Sav
aRdga sruliad saqarTvelos miwa-wyalze

_ Savi zRvis sanapiroebidan TiTqmis kaspiispireTamde. eklesia gaerTianda, afxazeTis kaTalikoss ewoda ùmrwemesi~.
aRmosavleT saqarTvelos istoriuli sazRvari gadioda mdinare TeTrwylamde, anu Semaxiis mTebamde, romelic
zRvaze. mxolod VII s-is 20-30-ian

wlebS i CamoaS ora hera kle keis arma
sa qar Tve lo s z Rvi spi ra te rit ori a,
rogorc es aRniSnuli iyo, sadac bizantiis saxelmwifom Tavisi iurisdiqcia
kaspiis zRvidan sul ramdenime aTeuli

kilometriTaa daSorebuli, swored aqamde
kvlav dabruneboda qarTul dedaeklesias,

es procesi VII s-Sive dawyebula da gansakuTrebuli gamoxatva miuRia Cvens gan-
aRwevda qarTvelTa eTnikuri gansaxlebis sazRvari. CrdiloeT albaneTSi mcxovrebi mosaxleoba eTnikuri warmomavlobiT qarTveluri tomebi iyvnen, amitomac isini sarwmunoebrivad marTlmadideblebs uWerdnen mxars. maTi eTnikuri warmomavlobiT iyo gamowveuli is,
rom rogorc ki politikurad amis SesaZlebloba miecaT, CrdiloeT albaneTSi
mcxovrebi mosaxleoba iqca mrevlad
swored qarTuli eklesiisa da ara somxuri anda albanuri eklesiisa.
Sav zRvamde qarTuli eklesia iurisdiqcias avrcelebda IV-V ss-Sive. rogorc TviTon berZeni avtorebi miuTiTeben, lazebma da iberebma erTdroulad
miiRes qristianoba IV s-Si. qarTuli
wyaros Tanaxmad, mirian mefem `naTeli
sca yovelTa iverielTa~. mirians ki igive
wyaro dasavleT saqarTvelos mefedac
miiCnevda. radganac iberiis, anu qarTlis samefo moicavda dasavleT saqarTvelos mdinare egriswylamde, xolo vaxtang gorgasalis dros sazRvari gadaweul iqna mdinare klisuramde, anu cxumis mxareSi gamaval Tanamedrove mdinare
kelasuramde. VI s-Si, rogorc aRniSnuli iyo, mcxeTis kaTalikosi kirioni,
somxur wyaroTa mixedviT, `winandeli
ganaxorciela. am CamoSorebuli kuTxis

qarTvelobam aswlovani brZoliT SeZlo
saxilvel antioqiis I saeklesio krebaze, VIII s-is 50-ian wlebSi. am krebaze

aseve dawyebula mironis sakiTxis gadaWrac. kerZod, iqamde, cxadia, marTlac
qarTlisagan CamoSorebuli zRvispira teritoriis `berZnuli~ imperiis xeldebuli
qarTvelebi VII s-is 20-30-iani wlebidanve
konstantinopolidan, anda romelime sxva
berZnuli sapatriarqodan miiRebdnen
mirons da ara mcxeTidan.
rac Seexeba mcxeTis sakaTalikosos,
aq mirons akurTxebdnen uZvelesi droidanve.
jer erTi, wmida svets, anu cocxal svets
(sveticxovels) gadmosdioda mironi, radganac misi gadanaWris qveS wmida kvarTi
uflisa iyo dakrZaluli da sveti didi
saswauliT iqna zecad atacebuli da
Semdeg SeZerwili Tavissave gadanaWerTan, meore mxriv, k. kekeliZis Tanaxmad,
`mironi saqarTveloSi Teofilaqte antioqielamdec rom ikurTxeboda, amas
mowmobs qarTuli xelnaweri, romelSic
detaluradaa aRwerili mironis kurTxevis wesi. Tu nikon SavmTels davujerebT,
dasZens igi, IV krebamde mxolod antioqiaSi ikurTxeboda mironi (Tumca amis
dajereba Znelia, radganac am krebis
masalebSi amis Sesaxeb araferia naTq-
358
vami) da Semdeg yvelam miiRo
doda mociqulad basilisa Tana mefisa
misi kurTxevis nebarTva, maSin unda davuSvaT, rom qarT-
berZenTaAsa, raATa missa saydarsa miecemodis qarTvelTa mier. da mier dRiTgan
lis eklesiaSi mironis kurTxeva 451 wlidan daiwyo~. 119
daewesa, raATa moxsenebaA oden saxelisaA

aqundes qarTvelTa Soris antioqielsa
maSasadame, mcxeTaSi mironi

ZvelTaganve ikurTxeboda da
mTeli qarTlis samefos teri-
patriarqsa. da ukeTu odesme wvalebaA

gamoCndes, maSinRa miavlinebdes mun
eqsarxossa... viTar igi netarisa Teodore
toriaze, anu Sav zRvamde da

mdinare klisuramde mironi
patriarqisa dReTa waravlina basili Rramatikosi wvalebisaTvis akakTaAsa~. 120
mcxeTidan miiReboda. magram

berZnuli saxelmwifos xelSi
Cven es cnoba, albaT, ase unda gavigoT: antioqiis krebam arasruli av-
saqarTvelos zRvispireTis gadasvlis Semdeg (VII s-dan)

dauwesebiaT mironis miReba am
ukve `berZnul~ saepiskoposoeb-
tokefalia, anu SezRuduli TavisTavadoba mianiWa qvemo iberiis, anu afxazeTis eklesiis saepiskoposoebs. maT eklesiurad evalebodaT mironisaTvis masa-
Si jer konstantinopolidan,
Semdeg ki antioqiidan, ris sanacvlodac `nivTTa wmidasa mosasyidelad~, anu mironis
dasamzadeblad saWiro masalis
la SeeZinaT antioqiaSi da gadaexadaT

aTasi drahkani. Semdgom es aTasi drahkani ierusalimis sapatriarqosaTvis unda
gadaexadaT. efremis wyaros Tanaxmad,
es daiwyo X s-dan, magram erTi qarTu-
SesaZenad dasavleT saqarTvelos qarTvelebs unda gadaexadaT àTasi kvamlidan~ aRebuli
li wyaros Tanaxmad, romelsac qvemoT

SevexebiT, es daiwyo IX s-dan. Cveni
f iq ri T, m ir o ni s sa ki T xi d as av le T
Semosavali. VIII s-Si Semdgar

k re ba s, r om el ic i xi la vd a
saqarTveloSi ase unda gadawyvetiliyo.

axalSeqmnili qarTuli saepiskoposoebi
dasavleT saqarTvelos eklesiis sakiTxs, mironis sakiTxic
imis Semdeg, rac qarTulma saxelmwifom `ganaCina kaTalikosi afxazeTisa~,
ganuxilavs. antioqiis patriar qm a qa rT vel eb s da uw es a:

`raATa wliTiwlad moscemden
830-iani wlebidan, mirons ukve iRebdnen ara ierusalimidan, aramed mcxeTidan, e.i. qarTlidan, xolo Zveli
Jamad-JamadTa patriarqTa antio qiaTa aTas sa dr ahkan sa,

romeli igi moecemoda vidre
dReTamde ioane wmidisa patriarqisaTa, rameTu man aniWa igi
berZnulenovani saepiskoposoebi dasavleT saqarTveloSi kvlavindeburad ganagrZobdnen mironis Sesyidvas ierusalimis sapatriarqodan. am saepiskoposoebSi, Cans, ixseniebdnen ara qarTveli kaTa-
orestis wmidasa patriarqsa

ierusalimisasa, romeli movi-
likosis, aramed antioqieli patriarqis

s ax el s . a lb aT , m a TT an ag z av ni d ne n
v. goilaZ e, qarT uli ek lesiis saTave ebTan, 1991, gv. 156; Rtrtkblpt R ^ C&^ Kbnehubxtcrfz
cghfdrf gj djghjce j, fdnjrtafkbb uh epbycrj q wthr db^ etiudebi, t. VII, 1961, gv. 254,
Sen iSvna; 120 efr em mcir e, ùwyebai.. .~, gv. 10.
119
saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi egzarqoss, `vi-
idan mieRoT, moupovebia efrem
Tar-igi netarisa Teodore patriarqisa

dReTa waravlina basili Rramatikosi
mawyverel episkoposs ierusalimis sapatriarqoSive, IX s-is
wvalebisaTvis akakTaAsa~.
dasavleT saqarTvelos qarTulenovani saepiskoposoebi qmnidnen afxazeTis
sakaTalikosos. mas mironis qarTlidan
miRebis ufleba ierusalimidan miuRia
40-ian wlebSi.
qarTvel istorikosTa TvalsazrisiT, dasavleT saqarTveloSi IX s-Si jer kidev arsebobda berZnulenovani saepis-
ara raime saeklesio wesebis darRveviT,

aramed ierusalimis sapatriarqos nebar-
koposoebi, `roca imperiaSi kvlav xatTayvanismcemlobam gaim-
TviT. amas unda miuTiTebdes wmida grigol xanZTelis `cxovrebaSi~ daculi

erTi cnoba, romelSic Semdegdroindel
arjva da marTlmadidebloba
aRsdga, konstantinopolis kaTedra dasavleT saqarTveloSi
gadamwers erTi qaragma sworad ver gaux-
Tavisi uflebebis aRdgenas Se-
snia, ramac mravali gaugebroba dabada

SemdegSi. kerZod, gadamwers qaragma à ~sa~
gauxsnia arasworad, safiqralia, rom es
qaragma unda gaxsniliyo rogorc àfx-
ecdeboda. amiT unda aixsnas

IX s-is bolos Sedgenil konstantinopolis sapatriarqosadmi daqvemdebarebul kaTe-
azeTisa~ da ara rogorc àRmosavalisa~.

imave winadadebaSi sxva geografiuli saxelicaa ramdenjerme daqaragmebuli (magaliTad, sityva ìerusalimi~). winadadeba,
draTa nusxebSi dasavleT saqarTvelos kaTedraTa Soris

àfxazeTis avtokefaluri saepiskoposoc~ romaa dasaxele-
romelSic mironzea saubari, Cveni azriT,

aseTi saxiT unda gaixsnas - `rameTu
pirvelad a ~sa (e.i. afxazeTsa) kaTalikosTa mihroni ierusalimiT mihyvanda,
buli. 12 1
sabolood, 744-750 wlebSi, antioqiaSi Semdgari saeklesio krebis gadawyvetileba-
xolo efrem qristesmieriTa brZanebiTa

mihronis kurTxeva qarTls ganawesa ierusalimis patriarqisa ganwesebiTa da wamebiTa sixaruliTa. aramed qarTlad friadi qveyana aRiracxebis, romelsaca Sina
Ta dakavSireba afxazeTis, anu

`qvemo iberiis~ eklesiasTan,
aseTi saxiT unda warmovidginoT: n. berZeniSvili dasavleT
saqarTvelos eklesiis bizan-
qarTuliTa eniTa Jami Seiwirvis da locva

yoveli aResrulebis~...
maSasadame, afxazeTma mironi qarTl-
tiisagan gamoyofas or etapad

ganixilavda. pirveli etapis
dros, misi azriT, egris-afx-
idan imitom unda miiRos, rom isic

qarTlia, radganac qarTulad tardeba
wirva-locvao. imis ufleba ki, afxazeTis yofil berZnul, amJamad ki qarTu-
azeTis gaerTianebis kvaldakval

gaerTiandnen egrisisa da afxazeTis eklesiebi. Camoyalibda
dasavleTis erTiani saeklesio
lenovan saepiskoposoebs, mironi qarTl-
xelisufleba. am pirvel etapze
geo rgika, IV, naw. II, gv. 180-181; Sdr. saq. ist . narkv ., II, gv. 423-24; v . goil aZe,
qarT uli ek lesiis saTav eebTan , 1991, gv. 178.
121
359
360
(e.i. VIII s-is bolosa da IX s-is dasawyis-
likosi _ berZenTa warmomadgeneli. ma-
Si), `pirvel xanebSi _ wers n. berZeniSvili, _ safiqrebelia, politikurad jer
gram am mdgomareobas verc egris-afxazeTis mefeebi moiTmendnen da verc mcxe-
welmoumagrebeli afxazeTis mefeebi moeridebodnen saeklesio sakiTxis gamwvavebas da konstantinopolis sapatriarqos

mxolod saeklesio gaerTianebis dasturs
mosTxovdnen~. 12 2
Tis kaTalikosebi~. 123 Seqmnili sarwmunoebrivi viTarebis gamo, berZnul eklesiaSi Semavali `qvemo iberiis~ sakiTxi
konstantinopolis nacvlad ganixila
berZnuli eklesiis meore centrma _ an-
rogorc zemoT ukve iTqva, dasavleT

saqarTvelodan saeklesio delegacia gamg-
tioqiam. amis Semdeg ukve daiwyo meore

etapi `qvemo iberiis~ (afxazeTis) ek-
zavrebula ara konstantinopolSi (xatmebrZoluri eresis gamo), aramed antioqiaSi, sadac Cvens gansaxilvel 750-
lesiisa. meore etapis dros es eklesia

daubrunda qarTul (mcxeTis) dedaeklesias (IX-X ss-Si), magram administraci-
iani wlebis krebas, faqtobrivad, dau-
ul-ierarqiuli wyobis ukve arsebuli
dasturebia `qvemo iberiis~, anu egrisafxazeTis eklesiebis gaerTianebis, anu

qvemo iberiis (afxazeTis) sakaTalikosos aRiarebis sakiTxi. am droisaTvis,
saxe SeinarCuna. afxazeTis sakaTalikoso Sevida qarTul eklesiaSi msgavsad

be rZ nul sa pa tri ar qoe bS i a rse bu li
samitropolitoebisa.
faqtobrivad, afxazeTis kaTalikosi iyo

b er Zn ul i ek l es ii s wa r mo ma dg en el i
dasavleT saqarTveloSi. e.i. antioqiis
krebam mcxeTis eklesias ki ar Seuer-
berZnul sapatriarqoebSi samitropolitoebs marTavda patriarqi. mitropolitebs, Tavis mxriv, eqvemdebarebodnen samitropolitoebis episkoposebi,
Ta egris-afxazeTis eklesia, aramed igi

ganixila, rogorc berZnul eklesiaSi
Semavali avtonomiuri erTeuli, amisagan gamomavali yoveli SedegiT (miro-
romelTa raodenoba sakmaod didi, 500mdec ki SesaZlebelia yofiliyo. afxazeTis sakaTalikosos episkoposebi eqvemdebarebodnen afxazeTis kaTalikoss,
nis miReba, egzarqosis gagzavna, berZeni

patriarqis saxelis moxsenieba wirvalocvis dros).
maSasadame, antioqiis I saeklesio
kreba iyo berZnuli eklesiis kreba,
romelic, Tavis mxriv, mcxeTis kaTalikosze iyo damokidebuli. erTs ùxucesi~, meores ki - ùmrwemesi~ erqva.
ègris-afxazeTis mefeebma eklesiuri
gamoyofis mopovebisTanave daiwyes Zve-
romelmac ganixila berZnul eklesiaSi

Semavali `qvemo iberiis~ eklesiis erTerTi sakiTxi. m. lorTqifaniZe wers:
li (bizantiuri) saepiskoposo kaTedrebis moSla dasavleT saqarTveloSi da

maT sapirispirod axali qarTuli kaTe-
`gaerTianebuli dasavleT saqarTvelos

eklesia pirvel xanebSi konstantinopolze iyo damokidebuli da oficialurad berZnul eklesias warmoadgenda,
drebis daarseba. X s-is manZilze moiSala gudayvis (ZiRinevis) kaTedra, foTis kaTedra, xolo aSenda Wyondidis,
moqvis, bediisa da sxva saydrebi, sadac
xolo am eklesiis meTauri afxazTa kaTa-
Seiqmna axali, qarTuli saepiskoposo kaT-
n . be rZe niSv ili, s aqar Tve los ist oris sakiTx ebi, III,
afxazeTi~, saq. istoriis nark vevebi, t. II, 1973, gv. 424.
122
gv. 49;
123
m. l orT qif aniZe,
è gris-
edrebi. ase TandaTanobiT idevneboda bi124
361
bareba IX s-is manZilze moxda, radganac
zantiis gavlena~. ès saeklesio gamoyofa, rogorc vTqviT, erTbaSad ar xde-
pirveli jgufis nusxebis nagvianevi nusxa

IX s-is dasawyisSia (820-829) Sedgeni-
ba, jer xorcieldeba egris-afxazeTis

eklesiebis gaerTianeba, rogorc konstantinopolis samwysoSi Semavali eparqiisa, romelsac saTaveSi afxazTa kaTalikosi edga (VIII s-is bolo an IX s-is
li, 126 xolo meore jgufis pirveli nusxa

- X s-is dasawyisSi (901-907 ww.)~. 127
maSasadame, marTalia, `qarTlis cxovrebis~ zogierTi nusxa, romlebSic naTqvamia afxazeTis qarTuli sakaTalikosos
dasawyisi), Semdeg IX s-is manZilze

dasavleT saqarTvelos eklesia gamoeyo
IX s-Si daarsebis Sesaxeb: `xolo aman

bagrat gaaCina da ganawesa kaTalikosi
konstantinopols da mcxeTis taxts uerTiandeba, xolo afxazTa kaTalikosi

sruliad saqarTvelos kaTalikoss uqvem-
afxazeTs qristes aqeT 830~. 128

tao-klarjeTis mTavari bagrat I kurapalati (826-876), Ze aSot kurapalati-
debardeba~. 12 5
sa, ibrZoda qarTlis saxelmwifos ara
dasavleT saqarTvelos eklesiis konstantinopolis samwysosagan gamoyofis

garkvevisaTvis gamoiyeneba e.w. eqTezisebi _ konstantinopolis samwysoSi Se-
mxolod politikuri, aramed eklesiuri

ga erT iane bis Tvi sac. am iT unda iy os
gamowveuli mis mier àfxazeTis kaTalikosis~ gaCena. aq igulisxmeba am sakaTa-
mavali kaTedrebis nusxebi. Cvens gansaxilvel periods exeba am nusxaTa ori

jgufi. `pirveli jgufis nusxebi Sedgenilia leon VI-is mefobamde (leoni me-
likosos sulieri daqvemdebareba mcxeTis eklesiisadmi, iqamde ki, rogorc

aRiniSna, antioqiis VIII s-is 50-iani
wlebis krebam kanonikuri safuZveli
fobda 886-911 ww.), am nusxebSi dasavleT saqarTvelos yvela kaTedra, fazisis mitropolitiT lazeTSi, misdami
daqvemdebarebuli oTxi episkoposiT, afx-
Seuqmna `qvemo iberiis~, anu afxazeTis

sakaTalikosos warmoqmnas.
aRniSnulma antioqiis I-ma saeklesio krebam VIII s-is 50-ian wlebSi
azeTis sebastopolis avtokefaluri arqiepiskoposi da jiqeTSi nikofsiis avtokefaluri arqiepiskoposi konstantinopolis samwysos eqvemdebarebian. meore jgufis nusxebidan Cans, rom X s-
TavisTavadoba (avtokefalia) mianiWa ara

afxazeTis, aramed `qvemo iberiis~ an
ubralod ìberiis~ eklesias, anu im
teritoriaze ganTavsebul saeklesio erTeuls, romlis sazRvrebs warmoadgen-
is dasawyisSi dasavleT saqarTvelos arc

erTi kaTedra (lazeTis, afxazeTisa da
jiqeTis, nikofsiisa) aRar eqvemdebareba
da mdinare klisura Crdilo-dasavleTiT,

da, e.w. `skanda-Sorapnis~ xazi aRmosavleTiT. erT dros bizantiis xeldebuli
konstantinopolis patriarqs. aRniSnulis safuZvelze aSkarad Cans, rom cvlileba dasavleT saqarTvelos mdgomareobaSi, misi gamoyofa konstantinopol-
es teritoria imJamad bizantielTagan

politikurad ganTavisuflebuli iyo
Tanaxmad qarTuli wyaroebisa, romelTac qvemoT SevexebiT. am, anu `qvemo iberi-
idan da mcxeTis taxtisadmi daqvemde-
is~ saeklesio erTeuls mxolod VIII s-
m. lorTqif aniZe, dasax. naSr., gv. 425; 125 iqve , gv. 427; 126 geo rgika, IV, 2, gv. 184;
lorT qifaniZe, dasax. n aSr., gv. 424; 128 qar Tlis cx ovreba, I, gv. 255.
124
127
m.
362
is bolodan SeiZleboda wodeboda afx-
hereT-kaxeTi qarTlis qveynebad iwode-
azeTis eklesia, kerZod mas Semdeg, rac

mdinare klisuras iqiT iqamde bizantiaSi Semavali istoriuli afxazeTisa da
qvemo iberiis miwa-wyali gaerTianda
afxazTa axali samefo dinastiis Camoy-
boda, Zveli Cveulebis Sesabamisad, uZvelesi droidanve, amis Sesaxeb erTxmad RaRadeben qarTuli wyaroebi. magaliTad, `moqcevaA qarTlisaA~ qarTlis qveynis Crdilo dasavleTis sazR-
alibebis Semdeg (es sakiTxi ganxilulia

wignSi `saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis
istoria~, t. II, 1998 w.).
ase, rom `qvemo iberiis~ TavisTavad
vars debs mdinare egriswyalze, `Tana

hyvanda aleqsandres mefesa Ze arian
qarTlisa mefisa da mas mouboZa mcxeTa sajdomad da sazRvari daudva mas
eklesias mxolod VIII s-is bolos an

IX s-is dasawyisSi ewoda afxazeTis
eklesia. mis meTaurs kaTalikosis wodeba miuRia qarTvel mefeTa mier. kerZod,
tao-klarjeTis mefes bagrats 830 wels
`ganuCenia~ kaTalikosi afxazeTisa, rac
ganxiluli iyo. am sakaTalikososaTvis
a dg il ze ve ( af xa ze T ic i be ri aa , an u
qarTlia) mironis kurTxevis miRebis
uflebisaTvis IX s-Sive uzrunia efrem
mawyverels, rac aseve ganxiluli iyo.
Cve ns i stor iogr afia Si X X s- is
dasawyisidan Camoyalibda umarTebulo
hereTi da egriswyali da somxiTi da

mTa crolisa da warvida~. 129
aqedan da `moqcevaA qarTlisaAs~ sxva
uamravi cnobidan, romelsac sxva qarTuli
wyaroebis dabejiTebuli miTiTebanic eTanxmebian qarTlis anu qarTlis samefos
sazRvrebi aseTia: dasavleTiT _ Savi
zRva egrisis CaTvliT, Crdilo-dasavleTiT _ md. egriswyali, aRmosavleTiT
_ hereTi, samxreTiT _ `somxiTi~ anu
somxeTi. eTnikurad es qveyana dasaxlebuli iyo erTi eriT, erTi xalxiT,
romelTac ewodebodaT qarTvelebi, maT
Tv als azr isi , T iT qos da das avl eT

saqarTvelos mxolod IX s-dan ewoda
`qarTli~, sinamdvileSi piriqiT, Cveni
wyaroebis dabejiTebuli mtkicebiT dasavleT saqarTvelo Tavdapirveladve mefe
farnavazis droidan Sedioda qarTlis
samefoSi, amitomac ewodeboda kidev
ricxvSi, cxadia, egriselebic Sedian,

amis Sesaxeb pirdapir migviTiTebs magaliTad `qarTlis cxovrebis~ Semdegi
cnoba (sxva uamrav cnobasTan erTad):
`masve Jamsa gamovides berZenni afxazeTiT
(rameTu berZenTa hqonda egriswyals
quemoT i kerZi yov eli) da da ipyres
`qarTli~ anu ufro zustad `qvemo qarTli~ anu `qvemo iberia~, xolo aRmosavleT saqarTvelos `zemo qarTli~, `zemo
qveyana (es termini kaTalikosTa titulaturaSic aisaxa) da swored VIII s-is
bolodan `qvemo qarTls~ anu dasavleT
saqarTvelos ewoda àfxazeTi~, dinastiuri cvlis Sedegad, Tumca eklesiuri
da kulturuli TvalsazrisiT afxazeTi, iseve rogorc tao-klarjeTi da
egriswyalTagan vidre cixe-gojamde. maSin iqmna glova da wuxili yovelTa

zeda qarTvelTa da ityodes `ganvamravleT codva RmrTisa mimarT... samarTlianad moawia RmerTman Cuen zeda ese risxva, rameTu migvcna Cuen wartyuevnad
ucxoTa naTesavTa da migviRo Cven sazRvari berZenTagan... erisa codvaTagan...
viZioT Cuen Suri... vZebneT sazRvari
qarTlisa berZenTagan~. 130
129
Zve li qar Tuli agiografiuli Z eglebi, III, gv. 81;
130
363
am amonaridSi pirdapiraa naxsenebi
Cven mogviTxrobs cnobili moRvawe ars-
sityva `sazRvari qarTlisa~, romelic

berZnebma daarRvies, sad? maT gadmolaxes mdinare egriswyali da miitaces
teritoria am mdinaridan vidre cixegojamde. vin wuxs am ubedurebas? -
en beri (miiCnevdnen, rom igi iyo daviT

aRmaSeneblis moZRvari). is wmida ninos
cxovrebaSi gadmoscems cnobebs qarTvelTa eTnogenezisis, maTi qveynis sazRvrebis Sesaxeb da aseve gvawvdis cnobas
amasac pasuxobs mematiane - `yovelni

qarTvelni ~ (aman gamoiwvi a `wuxili
yovelTa zeda qarTvelTa~), cxadia, am
qarTvelTa ricxvSi upirvelesad ig-
enis Sesaxebac. kerZod, arsen beri cxadia gadmoscemda qarTul sazogadoebaSi

arsebul Tvalsazriss, rom uZveles xanaSi, arian qarTlidan aleqsandre make-
ulisxmebodnen egriselebi, egrisis mosaxleoba, es igulisxmeba mematianis winadadebaSi - `migvcna Cuen wartyuevnad
ucxoTa naTesavTa~, swored istoriuli
egrisis didi nawili mdinare egriswylidan cixe-gojamde daipyres anu `wartyuenes~ berZnebma, iqvea `migviRo Cven
sazRvari berZenTagan~ - egriselebi, iseve
rogorc mTeli (yoveli) qarTlis mosaxleoba wuxda am ubedurebas.
am amonaridSi mravaljer gvxvdeba
sityva `Cuen~, am `Cuenis~ qveS igulisxmeba `yovelni qarTvelni~, rogorc iqve
donelis dros kavkasiaSi gadmosaxlebuli qarTveloba dasaxlda rogorc

dasavleT, ise aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi, arsenisTvisac qarTlis qveynis Crdilo dasavleT sazRvari aris mdinare
egriswyali. egriswylidan hereTamde mcxovrebi mosaxleobis ena, arseni beris
azriT, Tavidanve qarTulia, is wers:
`Cven Svilni varT maT arian qarTliT
gamosulTani da ena maTi uwyiT~. 131
maSasadame, qarTuli wyaroebis dabejiTebuli mtkicebiT egriswylidan-hereTamde cxovrobs erTi xalxi, erTi eniT,
Cans, am qarTvelTa ricxvSi ki upirvelesad egriselebi igulisxmeba, romelTa regionis sazRvaric da romlis miwawyalic iqna `wartyuenili~. sabolood,
Seuracxyofili qarTvelebi askvnian: `viZi o T Cu e n S u r i , v Z e b n e T s az R v a r i
qarTlisa~, anu aRvadginoT igi, sad?
maT aqvT erTi saxelmwifo `qarTlis samefo~, `yovelni mefeni qarTlisani amaT
(e.i. arian qarTlidan gadmosaxlebulTa) mefeTa Svilni arian~. 132 arseni beris
TvalsazrisiT, yvela regionis mcxovrebTa, maT Soris egrisisa da svaneTis mosaxleobis ena qarTuli enaa, Tumca,
cxadia, md. egriswyalze (esaa V s-is

ambebi) SemdgomSi, vaxtang mefis drosve
sazRvrad gadaiqca md. klisura. romel
enaze urTierTobdnen es qarTvelebi?
romeli ena iyo maTi erovnuli anu saxelmwifo ena? - es iyo qarTuli ena.
qarTuli ena rom saerTo erovnuli ena
iyo `yovelTa qarTvelTa~, rom es ena
egrissa da sxva regionebSi mcxovrebi
mkvidri mosaxleobis ena iyo, amis Sesaxeb
cxadia, albaT misTvis cnobili iyo am

kuTxeTa enebis arseboba, magram albaT
isini dialeqtebad miaCnda. ruis-urbnisis krebis wmida mamaTa TvalsazrisiT,
qarTlis samefo IV s-Sic aerTianebda
saqarTvelos dasavleT da aRmosavleT
na wi le bs , am it oma c am k re bi s mi er
gamocemul kanonTa `ZeglisweraSic~ sagangebodaa xazgasmuli, rom wmida ninom moaqcia ara mxolod qveynis erTi
131
Zve li qar Tuli agiograf iuli l iterat uris Z eglebi, III, gv. 47 7;
132
iqv e, gv. 47.
364
kuTxis (aRmosavleT saqarTvelos) mo-
iqadaga klarjeTsa da egrisSi, maSasa-
saxleoba, aramed dasavleT saqarTvelos

mosaxleobac qarTlis samefos sazRvreb-
dame, krebis wmida mamebi ueWvelad darwmunebulni arian, rom egrisi klarjeT-
Si, e.i. egrisic moaqcia, md. egriswylamde, qarTlis samefos sazRvramde, kerZod _ wmida ninom `sarwmunoebasa mimarT Tvisisasa miizida yoveli savsebaA
yovlisa qarTvelTa naTesavisa~. 133
Tan erTad I-II ss-Si, mociqulTa qadagebebis dros qarTvelTa qveynebi arian
anu `saqarTveloa~. kreba wers: `pirvelwodebuli andria... Cuendamdeca moiwia da
qadaga sacxovrebeli qadageba saxarebisa~
mefe mirianis samefoSi, anu qarTvelTa

erTian saxelmwifoSi, qarTlis cxovre-
yovelsa queyanasa saqarTveloAsasa~... 136

egrisi I-II ss-Si `saqarTveloa~. esaa
bis Tanaxmad, cxadia, egrisic Sedis:

`mefobda mirian qarTls, rans, hereTs,
movakans da aqunda egrisica vidre egrisw-
XII s-is damdegis qarTvel wmida mamaTa

da ruis-urbnisis krebis ueWveli Tvalsazrisi. maTi es mosazreba gansxvavdeba
ylamde~, 134 am wyaros cnobiT, qarTuli
Tanamedrove, XX s-is istorikosTa ofi-
saxelmwifos sazRvrebs cnobs bizantiis imperatori: `me, konstantine mefe,

TviTmpyrobeli... movswere Senda RmrTivganbrZnobilisa... mefisa mirianisassa. iyavn
cialur Tvalsazrisisagan, romlis mixedviTac saqarTvelo mxolod XI s-is Semdeg ewoda erTian qveyanas. maT am mosazrebas ar daeTanxmebodnen arc Cveni
Sen Tana mSvidoba... gandevnen RmerTman

dambadebelman eSmaki macduri sazRvarTagan SenTa~. 135
mematianeTa Tanaxmad, qarTvel mefeTa
mematianeebi, magaliTad juanSeri, romelic wers, rom VII s-is bolosa da VIII
s-is dasawyisSi saqarTvelo erqva miwawyals mdinare klisuramde afxazeTSi _
upirvelesi movaleoba iyo saxelmwifo

sazRvrebis dacva, aseve mematianeebi xazgasmiT aRniSnaven, rom bizantieli imperatorebi cnobdnen am sazRvrebs, ma-
`klisura romeli mas Jamsa iyo sazRvari saberZneTisa da saqarTveloAsa~. 137

`qvemo iberiis~, anu rogorc Semdgom
ewoda afxazeTis sakaTalikosos warmo-
galiTad, aleqsandre makedoneli àCens~

pirvel qarTul saxelmwifo sazRvars
m d. e gr i sw y a lz e , z em o T m o yv a n il i
amonarididan Cans, rom imperatori konsta ntine cnob s qa rTlis same fos
qmnis istoriis Sesaswavlad uaRresi

mniSvneloba aqvs qarTvelTa saxelmwifos sazRvrebs. mematianes cnobiT, es
sazRvari SeibRala VII s-is 20-ian wlebSi
bizantiis keisar herakles mier: `maSin
sazRvrebs da sxva.
qarTuli eklesiis mamebic TavianT
yuradRebas apyrobdnen qveynis geopoli-
wariRes berZenTa sazRvari qarTlisa,

speri da bolo klarjeTisa, zRvis piri...
sxva yoveli qarTli daipyro adarnase
tikur areals. magaliTad, ruis-urbnisis krebis mamebis ganmartebiT, is areali, sadac iqadaga andria pirvelwodebul ma, aris qarTv elTa qvey ana anu
bakuris Zeman mTavrobiT da mefobisa

saxeli verca man ikadra~. 138
`sazRvari qarTlisa~, rogorc zemoT mravalgzis aRiniSna, upirvelesad
`saqarTvelo~. cnobilia, rom andriam
Cr dilo -das avl eTis
mi marT uleb iT
`didi sjuliskan oni~, 1975, gv. 54 6; 134 qar Tlis c xovreb a, I, gv. 70 ; 135 iqve , gv. 128;
sjul iskanon i, 1875, gv. 54 5; 137 qar Tlis c xovreb a, I, gv. 235; 138 iqv e, gv. 226.
133
136
didi
365
gulisxmobda md. klisuras, sadamdec,
van yru `Seudga kvalsa maTsa... Sevlo
mematianes sityviT, vaxtang gorgasalma
zRude igi sazRvari klisurisa. da vi-
bizantiis imperatoris nebiT gadaitana
Tarca Sevlo yruman klisura, romeli
`qarTlis samefos~ sazRvari. maSasadame,
mas Jamsa iyo sazRvari saberZneTisa da
axla VII s-is 20-ian wlebSi, es sazR-
saqarTveloAsa da Semusra qalaqi afSi-
vari miitaca herakle keisarma, dasav-
leTisa cxumi da moadga cixesa ana-
leT saqarTvelos erT nawilTan erTad
kofii sasa... m un iyvne s maSin m efeni
_ Cans, esaa `zRvis piri~ - maSasadame,
qarTlisani mir da arCil~. 141
zRvispira teritoria gulisxmobs ara
es mefeebi SeebrZolnen arabebs da
mxolod klarjeTs, aramed miwa-wyals
ukuaqcies isini. es iyo mniSvnelovani
speridan da klarjeTis bolodan mdinare
momenti. amiT gaxarebulma bizantiis
klisuramde. rogorc garkveulia am mi-
imperatorma, qarTuli wyaros cnobiT,
tacebuli teritoriis sigane aRwevda
gadawyvita aRedgina bizantiis mier Se-
e.w. skanda-Sorapanis sazRvramde. 139
bRaluli qarTlis samefos sazRvrebi,
aq, am mitacebul teritorias, ucxoelebi `qvemo iberias~ uwodeben. rogorc
cxadia, mdinare klisuraze da saerTod egrisis zRvis pireTSi, anu man
matianeebidan Cans, es mitacebuli ter-
aRiara qarTuli saxelmwifos ufleba-
itoria qarTvel mefeebs kvlav qarT-
mosileba im teri toriaze, romelic
lis samefos nawilad miaCndaT, dasav-
Tavis droze miitaca herakle keisar-
leT saqarTvelos mniSvnelovani nawili,
ma, wyaro gvamcnobs, rom imperatorma
kerZod, argveTi kvlav maT xelSi iyo.
brZaneba miswera Tavis moxele-erisTavs
rogorc Cans, arabTa Semosevis drois-
a fx az e TS i a Ra r d ae rR v ia q a rT li s
aTvis egrisis didi nawili, cixe-gojis

CaTvliT qarTlis mefeTa saxelmwifos
sazRvrebi, kerZod, imperatorma am werilSi aRiara, rom es sazRvrebi dar-
nawils warmoadgenda, amas unda miu-
Rveuli iyo bizantielTa mier, magram
TiTebdes is, rom murvan yrus Semose-
amis Semdego - naTqvamia brZanebaSi,
vis dros qarTlis imJamindelma mefe
aseTi ram aRar ganmeordes, pativi eci
stefanozma da misma vaJma mirma wina-
am sazRvrebis urRvevobaso, kerZod,
parTa samefo gvirgvinebi, mefe mirian-
werili aseTia - `yovladve sazRvarTa
isa da mefe vaxtang gorgaslisa, usa-
qarTlisaTa Cvengan qmnil ars vneba...
frTxoebis mizniT gadaitanes Tavisi
arame d keTilad pativs cemdi mefeTa da
samefos dacul nawilSi da daasvenes
erTa magaT qarTlisaTa da amieridan nur-
(e.i. Seinaxes) quTaissa da cixe-gojSi,
Rara xelgewifebis vnebaT maTda da sazR-
xolo qarTlis mefe stefanozi gar-
varTa maTTa egrisaTa~. 142 es imas niS-
dacvalebis Semdeg Tavis qveyanaSi egris-
navs, rom kvlav aRsdga oficialurad,
Si dakrZales.
140
qarTlis samefo sazRvari mdinare kli-
arabTagan devnili qarTlis mefeebi
suraze, amasTanave bizantiam aRiara, rom
egrisidan gadavidnen afxazeTSi _ mur-
is arRvevda am sazRvrebs. amis Semdeg
saq arTvelo s samoc iqulo e klesiis istoria, t. II;

gv. 236; 142 iqv e, gv. 240.
139
140
qar Tlis cx ovreba, t. I, gv. 235;
141
iq ve,
366
mefe miris samefoSi Sedis ègrisi, suane-
xalxiT. amitomac uwodebdnen qveynis am
Ti, Takueri, argueTi da guria~. 143

rogorc aRiniSna, mefe stefanozi (ar-
nawils `qvemo iberias~. rogorc Cans,

imis Semdeg rac mefe miris dros bizan-
Cil da mir mefeebis mama) quTaisSi

dakrZales. 14 3 quTaisi qarTlis mefeTa
ti is s axel mwif om q arTl is m efee bs

daubruna iqamde nawilobriv maT mier
daWerili Savi zRvispira teritoriebi,
Cans iq arsebul berZnul saepiskoposoebisaTvis politikuri iurisdiqciis
`samkvidro~ iyo. mefe miris anderZi

Tavisi Zmisadmi amas miuTiTebs - `warscen Zualni misni da dahflen saydarsa
quTaisisasa, raTa ipovos sawameblad
samkvidrosa Cvenisa~. 143
md. klisu ridan mTeli dasav leT
saqarTvelo qarTlis mefeTa samkvidroa
arCilis drosac. mefe arCili ambobs _
àdgilni Cvenni klisuriTgan aRmarT. warval da daveSenebi cixe-gojs da quTaiss~.144
ufro ukeTesi magaliTebis moyvana
SeuZlebelia imis dasamtkiceblad, rom
IX-X ss-mde qarTveloba, qarTuli eklesia da saxelmwifo moRvaweebi `yoveli qarTlis~ qveS moiazrebdnen mTel
dasavleT saqarTvelos vidre mdinare
klis uramde , dasa xlebul s qarT veli
143
qar Tlis cx ovreba, t. I, gv. 24 1;
144
problema warmoiSva, isini ukve aRar

imyofebodnen bizantiur qveyanaSi, aramed
qarTvelTa saxelmwifoSi, amitomac, Cans,
VIII s-is 50-ian wlebSi maT scades
m oe po ve bi n aT k on s ta nt in op o li sa ga n
damoukidebloba, rasac miaRwies antioqiis sapatriarqoSi, xolo imis gamo,
rom VIII s-is bolos, 8 0-90-ian wlebSi Seicvala qarTlis samefo dinastia,
da dasa vleTS i wa rmoC nda a fxaz uri
samefo dinastia, romelmac gaaerTiana
dasavleTi saqarTvelo, `qvemo iberiis~
eklesias ukve IX s-dan ewoda àfxazeTis sakaTalikoso~.
iqv e, gv. 242.
367
anCis saeklesio kreba (IX s-is 40-iani wlebi)

daaxloebiT 840 wels samxreT saqarTveloSi, anCaSi Catarda saeklesio kreba,
romelsac iv. javaxiSvili àdgilobrivs~
uwodebs. 145 magram, Cveni azriT, es iyo
episkoposTa kreba, radganac mas ar eswreboda kaTalikosi, uromlisodac Znelia krebas àdgilobrivi~ uwodo. Tanac
safiqrebelia, rom anCis krebis dadgenileba ar Seiwynara kaTalikosma da igi
gauqmda, radgan krebis mier episkoposobis pativisagan gankveTili anCeli episkoposi cqiri kvlav dabrunda Tavis kaTedraze, rac cxadia kaTalikosis nebis
gareSe ar moxdeboda.
giorgi merCules mier mowodebuli
cnobis Tanaxmad, anCis saepiskoposo saydarze bagrat kurapalatis Zes aSots
auyvania sarwebis eklesiaSi diakvnad namyofi, tfilisis amira sahak ismailis Zis
mier aRzrdili vinme cqiri. cxadia,
saWiro iyo cqiris episkoposad xeldasxma, rac mxolod kaTalikoss SeeZlo, qarTul eklesiaSi miRebuli wesis
Tanaxmad. maSasadame, kaTalikossa da
saero xelisuflebas xeldasxmis Semdeg cqiri anCis cnobil saepiskoposo
kaTedraze dausvamT. anCeli episkoposis
eparqiaSi Sedioda klarjeTis cnobili
monasterebi, `klarjeTis didebulni udabnoni, mRvdelni da diakonni maTni anCelTa episkoposTagan ikurTxvian~. anCis saepiskoposo kaTedra udidesi mniSvnelobisa da Rirsebisa iyo saqarTvelos kaTedraTa Soris.
giorgi merCules wyarodan metad sainteresoa cnoba imis Sesaxeb, rom Tbilisis mahmadiani amira iyo gamzrdeli qris145
tia nisa, rome lmac
Semd gom
episkoposis pativic ki miiRo.

am asTa nav e Tb ilis is amir am
uSuamdgomla kidec tao-klarjeTis xelmwifis winaSe Tavis
gazrdils, raTa mas qarTul
eklesiaSi Rirseuli adgili
daeWira. am cnobiT kidev erTxel dasturdeba gamoTqmuli mosazr eba im is Tao baze,
rom
qarTul eklesias mniSvnelovani adgili eWira Tbilisis

saamiroSi da iq arabTa da
ma hma dia nTa batono bis as
saqarTvelos sakaTalikosos
Tavisi didi samrevlo da eklesia-monastrebi hqonda. amiT
unda yofiliyo gamowveuli
amiras mier qristiani yrmis
aRzrda, mis gaepiskoposobaze
zru nva, rac Ta visTa vad
gulisxmobda amiras saqmian
urTierTobas qarTlis kaTalikosTan, uromlisodac, cxadia,
arc erTi mniSvnelovani saeklesio saqme ar aResruleboda. saqarTvelos patriarq melqisedek is sigelidan ac Cans
Tbilisis amirasTan mWidro
urTierToba. melqisedeki werda, `romeli qalaqisa gasavali iyo amis wmidisa dedaqalaqisagan: cxvari, cxeni, Rvino,
zedani da raAca iyo yoveli
ali amiraman amogvigdo da avxade amas wmidasa kaTolike ek-
iv. javaxiSvili, qarT. sam. is toria, Txz. VII, gv. 21.
368
lesiisa~. 146 es niSnavs, rom qarTul ek-
mematianis sityviT, buRa Turqma `Se-
lesias amiram ekonomikuri SeRavaTebi

mianiWa, rac mniSvnelovani saqme iyo. am
musra tfilisi, dawva cecxliTa da

moaoxrna yovelni areni misni~. 148 `Se-
mosazrebas adasturebs 1263 wels laSas

Ze mefe daviTis dros mowveuli krebac.
zemoTqmulidan kidev erTxel dasturdeba, rom saqarTvelos gaerTianebamde qarTuli eklesia moicavda qarTvelebiT
musra yoveli somxeTi~ armeniis mxareebi. arabebs Tavisi saxalifo provinciebad hqondaT dayofili, romelTagan erTerTi iyo àrmenia~, mas àrmeniis vali~
marTavda. Tbilisis saamiro am àrmeniis
dasaxlebul yovel politikur-saxelmwifoebriv erTeuls, maT Soris Tbilis-
valis~ emorCileboda. es faqti imiTaa

saintereso, rom arabebi mfarvelobdnen
sa da qvemo qarTlSi. eklesia qarTuli

qveynebis sulieri gamamTlianebeli, gamaerTianebeli iyo, miT umetes, rom XI
somxur sarwmunoebas, monofizitobas, viTarca arabizantiurs, araqalkedoniturs.

diofitizoba _ arabebisaTvis mouTmene-
s-is, 80-iani wlebis Semdeg, arabuli
li iyo, rogorc movses kalankatuacis
wyaroebis Tanaxmad, `Tbilisis gamgebloba

TviT xalxs Cauvarda xelSi~. 147 es Tbilisi s ga Tav isuf leba mde grZ eld ebod a.
xalxi albaT qalaqs Tavisi warmomad-
cnobebidan Cans, qarTlSi, gansakuTrebiT ki Tbilissa da qvemo qarTlSi am

dros SedarebiT gaZlierda somxuri eklesia, gansakuTrebiT, qvemo qarTlSi,
genlebis meSveobiT marTavda, eseni unda

yofiliyvnen `qalaqis berebi~, maT Soris
albaT iyvnen namdvili berebic, qarTuli eklesiis warmomadgenlebi, radganac
ris gamoc am mxareSi Camoyalibda taSir-Zoraketis _ lore-taSiris somxuri samefo. misi mosaxleobis ZiriTad
nawils qarTvelebi Seadgendnen, mmarTv-
cxadia `Tbilisis xalxSi~ qristianic

mravali iyo. gansaxilvel epoqaSi IX sis Sua wlebSi Tbilisis saxelganTqmuli amira sahak ismailis Ze, anu ishak
el zeda fenas ki monofizitebi, e.i.

`somxebi~ warmoadgendnen. iqamde ki VIVII ss-Si tao da misi momijnave qarTuli mxare, rogorc cnobilia, somxuri
ibn ismail-Suabi Tbiliss da mimdebare

mxareebsac 23 wlis ganmavlobaSi xalifasagan damoukideblad 853 wlamde marTavda. am wlis 5 agvistos igi buRa
Turqma sikvdiliT dasaja gandgomis gamo.
eklesiis iurisdiqciis qveS moeqca, ris

gamoc adgilobrivi qarTveloba dauaxlovda somxur kulturasa da civilizacias. es qarTuli mxare zogjer somxur
saeklesio centrebsac ki warmoadgenda.
arabTa centraluri xelisuflebis

mier ajanyeb uli Tbi lisis am iras
d a sa s j e l ad g a m og z a v n il i l a Sq r i s
ase iyo nerse somexTa kaTalikosis drosac, romelmac iSxanSi (taoSi) VII s-Si
saepiskoposo centric Seqmna. am dros
winaaRmdeg gamovida da sahakis mxares

dadga egris-afxazeTis samefoc, magram
buRa Turqma amira daamarcxa. aRsaniSnavia, rom bagrat kurapalati, tao-klar-
somxuri eklesia uniaSi imyofeboda konstantinopolis (bizantiis) eklesiasTan,

amitomac ZiriTadad marTlmadideblobas
aRiarebda. amis gamo, e.i. somxuri ofi-
jeTis mTavari, buRas mxareze idga.
cialuri eklesiis marTlmadideblobis
mcx eTis s abuTi, saq, muzeumis moamb e, 1931, VI, gv. 29 1;

cxov reba, I, gv. 256.
146
147
nar kv., II, gv. 50 3;
148
qar Tlis
(qalkedonitobis) gamo, taos qarTvelebisaTvis, anu mxaris ZiriTadi mosaxleobisaTvis somxur iurisdiqciaSi yofna
sarwmunoebriv uxerxulobas ar qmnida,
magram VIII-is 20-iani wlebis Semdeg,
rac somxurma oficialurma eklesiam daufaravad aRiara Tavis erTaderT sarwmunoebriv mimarTulebad monofizitoba,
taosa da, cxadia, klarjeTis mosaxleobisaTvis (e.i. eTnikuri qarTvelebisaTvis)
somxuri eklesia miuRebeli gaxda da
isini sixaruliT daubrundnen qarTul
dedaeklesias (miT umetes, rom am droisaTvis es teritoriebi bizantiis imperiis mier iyo xeldebuli), tao-klarjelma qarTvelebma sixaruliT miiRes
qarTlidan devnili bagrationi xelisufalni da qarTlidan Camosuli qarTveli berebi qarTuli dedaeklesiis Rirseuli moRvaweebi.
arabebi aZlierebdnen somxur eklesias misi antiqalkedonuri aRmsareblobis gamo, magram imis Semdeg, rac arabuli imperiis erT-erTi provincia àrmenia~ ganudga centralur xelisuflebas,
arabT a damsje li eqspe dicia xS irad
laSqravda àrmenias~, e.i. somxeTs, magram, ara somxuri eklesiisa da somexi
xalxis dasjis mizniT, aramed àrmeniis~ arabi mmarTvelisa da misi Zalis
gasanadgureblad. Tbileli amira sahaki
mok avSir eebsa da sa yrden s eZe bda
qarTvelTa Soris arabuli centraluri
xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg brZolis dros.
magaliTad, misTvis aseTi iyo gardabnis
qarTveloba, romlebic yovelTvis Tbilisis amiras uWerdnen mxars. 149 amqveyneli
unda yofiliyo `sahakis monaTagani, saxeliT gabuloc~, romelic Tbilisis amiradac ki dajda. sahakis, SeiZleba iTqvas,
mat iane qarTlisa, gv. 254;
qres tomaTia, I, 194 6, gv. 142.
149
150
369
qarTuli orientaciis Sedegi unda yofiliyo mis mier qarTveli qristianis

cqiris aRzrda qristianuli wesebis
dacviT da Semdgom misi qarTuli eklesiis episkoposad dasmis survili. mas
esaWiroeboda ara mxolod politikuri
momxreebi qarTul qveynebSi, aramed gavleniani momxreebi eklesiaSi. meore mxriv,
sahakis aseTi survili da qmedeba miuTiTebs aRniSnul periodSi qarTuli eklesiis siZlieresa da mis did saxelmwifoebriv wonas. radgan sahakis qmedeba
arsebiTad mimarTuli iyo arabuli central uri xeli suflebis winaaRm deg,
qarTlis kaTalikosi ar ewinaaRmdegeboda amira sahakis ganzraxvas, piriqiT,
misi gazrdili cqiri akurTxa episkoposad da aSotis, mesxeTis mTavris nebarTviT dasva anCis saydarze. samwuxarod,
episkoposi cqiri ar aRmoCnda Rirsi am
maRali pativisa, magram misi kaTedridan gadayenebis mizezi, momCivanTa azriT,
iyo ara imdenad misi Selaxuli piradi
Rirseba, aramed darRvevebi samarTlis
sferoSi. tao-klarjeli berebis azriT,
`sabWos samarTali~ moiTxovda, rom kaTalikoss mxolod imis Semdeg moexdina
episkoposis xeldasxma anCis saydarze,
roca kandidats eqneboda `yovelTa maT
udabnoTa wameba da wigni yovelTa WeSmariti sawamebeli~, saqme isaa, rom anCeli episkoposis samwysoSi Sedioda cnobili klarjeTis 12 samonastre savane.
m aS a sa d am e , a d gi l ob r iv i s a e kl e si o
tradicia moiTxovda anCel saepiskoposo
kandidats jer moepovebina am savaneebisagan (udabnoTa) Tanxmoba, Tanac Tanxmoba werilobiTi saxisa, `sawamebeli~,
anu dasamowmebeli `wignis~ saxiT. 150
cxo vrebai grigol xanZTel isai,
Zveli q arTuli literat uris
370
iv. javaxiSvilis azriT, aRniSnuli
Tbilisis saamiroSic, gansakuTrebiT ki
`wamebaA da TanadgomaA~ (mrevlisa da

samwysos RvTismsaxurebisa) episkoposTa
qvemo qarTlSi, amis gamo somxur eklesias didi gasaqani mieca. amitomac, cx-
kurTxevisaTvis mTel maSindel saqarTveloSi iyo SemoRebuli wesad. 151 SesaZloa, es marTlac ase iyo, magram giorgi merCules azriT, aseTi wesi konkretulad anCis saepiskoposoSi iyo SemoRe-
adia, somxuri eklesiisagan dazaralebulad miCneul mxares, kerZod ki taoklarjeTis qarTvel berebs sruli safuZveli hqondaT saeWvod mieCniaT Tbilisis amira sahakis aRzrdili cqiris an-
buli. avtori wers kidec, Tu ra iyo

amis mizezi. es yofila anCis saepisko-
Cis saydarze asvla. uwoda kidec cqirs

giorgi merCulem `RvarZli sarwebs aR-
poso kaTedris xandazmuloba, ùricxvi

Jamni~, agreTve is, rom mas hyolia
èpiskoposnica mravalni~ da amasTanave
mocenebuli~, 153 magram daeWveba, cxadia,

ar iyo sakmarisi mis gadasayeneblad,
amitomac moiZebna zemoaRniSnuli safuZ-
yvela anC eli episkoposi y ovelTvis
veli _ qarTlis kaTalikoss adgilo-
ZvelTaganve yofila ùmizezo, wmida da

Rirsi~ _ `viTarca Sehgavs wmidisa mas
saydarsa qalwulebiT damarxulsa gaxrwnisagan wvalebisa gularZnilisa moZ-
brivi `sabWos samarTlis~ mixedviT,

ufleba ar hqonda klarjeTis monastrebis dasamowmebeli `wignebis~ (anu Tanxmobis) gareSe anCis saydris episkoposi
Rvrebisa
RmrTisa
wmida da
SeSvenis
saxelsa zeda wmidisa qristes

xatisasa aRSenebulsa~. 152 e.i.
Rirseuli episkoposebi imitom
anCis saepiskoposos, rom man
daesva. ufro metic, cqirs adgilobrivi

mmarTvelobis winaSe uSuamdgomla Tbilisis amiram, romelsac uari ver uTxra
aSotma. àmgvarad cqirma `mZlavrebiT
qalwulebrivad daicva Tavi mwvaleblebisagan. cxadia, aq igulisxmeba is, rom

anCis mezoblad taoSi mdebare iSxnis
da sxva qarTulma saepiskoposoebma ver
daipyra anCi~. erTxel uweso gzaze

damdgars erTimeoreze ufro mcdari
saqcieli Caudenia: `SesZina Zviri Zvirsa misa zeda~. 154 ùwesoebaTa~ Sesaxeb
SeZles Tavis dacva somxuri eklesiisagan da VI-VII ss-Si misi iurisdiqciis

qveS moeqcnen, xolo anCis saydari, anu
saepiskoposo yovelTvis diofizituri,
anu marTlmadidebluri yofila. amasTan
SeniSnes cqirs meudabnoe mamebma, `kaTolike eklesiis samwysom~ da ufro ki

mama grigolma `rameTu udabnoebis arqimandriti iyo~. brZola ise gaZlierda, rom cqirs mama grigolis mosakla-
dakavSirebiT ismis kiTxva, xom ar miiCnies anCis saepiskoposo kaTedraze asuli cqiri prosomxuri orientaciis pi-
vad kacic ki dauqiravebia, magram didma saswaulma es danaSauli CaSala. cqiri

kidev ufro gaborotda. amitom èrTo-
rad? amis mizezic hqondaT, Tbilisis

saamiro, rogorc aRvniSneT, arabul
provincia àrmeniaSi~ Sedioda, sadac
arabebi somxur eklesias araTu avi-
biT auwyes yoveli didsa mas xelmwifesa aSot kurapalatsa da brZanebiTa misiTa yovelTa maT moweseTa anCisa
kaTolike eklesiiTa wigni misweres qar-
wroebdnen, aramed xels uwyobdnen kidec.
Tlisa kaTalikosisasa mimarT da mis
151
153
iv. javax iSvili, Txzul ebani, t. VII, 1984, gv. 20;

iqve , gv. 14 4; 154 iv. javaxiSvili, VII, gv. 21;
152
cxo vrebai grigo l xanZT elisai, gv. 143;
371
mier episkoposni Rirsni moiwines anCs
sahak amirisa, patronisa Tvisisave da
da maT Tana Semokribes yovelni igi

meudabnoeni mamani~. 155
wyinebiTa misiTa reca mieSua kurapalati da kualad mZlevarebiT daipyra
anCis krebis mimdinareoba aseTi yofila: qarTlis kaTalikosis mier gamogzavnili episkoposebisa da meudabnoe mamebis garda, krebas eswreboda `yovelni
mRvdelni da mrevlni anCisani~. krebas
anCis saydari~. 156 kurapalati moridebia

Tbilisis amiras ganawyenebas da anCis
kaTedra cqirisaTvis daubrunebia, rac
ukaTalikosod ar moxdeboda. aRsaniSnavia, rom xalxi, èri anCisaA~, samwyso,
did Rirsebas matebda `moqmedi netari

deda febronia~. giorgi merCulis azriT,
anCelis, e.i. cqiris gverdiT damdgara.

am dros, rogorc Cans, Tavi iCina ek-
kreba iyo `wmida mimsgavsebuli pirvelTa maT wmidaTasa~.

krebaze wmida mamebma episkoposebs
lesiis istoriaSi cnobilma davam eklesiis meTaur-episkoposebsa da monastris berebs Soris. saeklesio kanonebis
warudgines braldeba cqiris mimarT. kaTa-
mcodne v. cipinis azriT, saerTo, saek-
likosis mier warmogzavnilma ierarqebma saqmis viTareba moismines, ris Semdegac krebam ganaCeni gamoitana, ganaCeni
maSinve iqna aRsrulebuli. giorgi mer-
lesio kanonmdebloba monastrebs Seexo

V s-Si. qalkedonis krebis mamebma me-4
kanonSi ganacxades: `zogi samonazvno
saxiT Semosili Slis saeklesio da samo-
Cule wers _ `winaSe episkoposTa maT

warmouTxres cqirsa samarTali, usjuloebaA misi, sarwmunoTa maT saswaulTa moqmedTa kacTa warmdebi mizezi aug-
qalaqo saqmeebs. TviTneburad dadis

qalaqSi da mxolod amas ki ar Cadis,
aramed gabedulad iwyebs TavisTvis monastris Senebas. miviCnevT, aravin ara-
Ta misTaA piris-pir~. 156

ganaCeni da misi aRsruleba aseTi
yofila: `maSin sarwmunoTa maT mRvdelTmoZRvarTa gankveTes igi pativisagan mi-
sodes ar unda aaSenos monasteri da

samRvdlo saxli im qalaqis episkoposis
Tanxmobis gareSe, TiToeuli qalaqisa
da soflis monazvnebi unda daemorCil-
sisasa da mamaman grigol da dedaman

febronia Semosili sakurTxeveliT STamoiyvanes da winaSe sakurTxevelsa ganZarcves da yovelTa erTobiT ganxades
kaTolike eklesiiT, viTarca-Ra aso dam-
on maT episkoposs, Seiyvaron siCume,

mxolod marxvasa da locvaSi unda iyvnen
gankrZalulebi da momTmenni imave adgilas, sadac maTi amqveyniuri cxovrebidan gansvla Sedga Tavdapirvelad. nurc
pali mwvalebelTaebr yovliT-kerZove

Sjulisa gardamavali ganidevna igi~. 155
episkoposis gandevna moxda, rogorc
saeklesio da nurc amqveyniur saqmeebSi

nu Caerevian da nu miiReben monawileobas. nu dastoveben Tavis monasters,
Cans, rogorc kaTalikosis nebarTvis, ise

adgilobrivi xelmwifis Tanxmobis gareSe,
amiT unda yofiliyo gamowveuli is, rom
cqiri kvlav daabrunes Tavis kaTedraze.
garda iseTi SemTxvevisa, roca qalaqis

episkopos i ubrZanebs wasv las raime
saWiro saqmeze~. 15 7 v. cipinis azriT,
qalkedoniti mamebis mizani am kanonis
cqiri, mematianis TqmiT, `tfilis warvida
miRebis dros iyo `daecvaT saeklesio
grigol xanZTelis cxov reba, q restomaTia, 1946, gv. 14 5;

IV ms. kr. me-4 muxli, saq. e kl. kalendari, 1987 , gv. 218.
155
156
iqve , gv. 14 6;
157
didi sjul iskano ni,
372
mmarTveloba `mousvenari berebis~ uwe158
olis gardacvalebis Semdegac eklesia-
so Carevisagan~.
samonastro sazogadoebebi moyvanili kanonis Tanaxmad,
Si yofilan adamianebi, romelnic brals

debdnen da yvedrebas ambobdnen albaT
moeqcnen episkoposis daqvemdebarebaSi. 157

rogorc qalkedonis krebis aRniSnuli (me-4) kanoni uCvenebs, episkoposis
nebarTvis gareSe ikrZaleboda monastris
mSenebloba, maSasadame, unebarTvo mSeneblo-
wm ida moRv awis gri goli s mo wafe Ta

e.i. berebis mimarT, Cans zemomoyvanili
msgavsi ambebis gamo. 160
sazogadod, VII-X ss-Si saqarTveloSi
eklesias hqonda gansakuTrebuli mdgo-
ba _ ukanono iyo, aqedan gamomdinare,

gasagebi xdeba anCeli episkoposis qmedeba,
mareoba. mecnier-specialistebis azriT,

IX-X ss-Si sasuliero xelisufleba cdi-
roca man `Sekriba eri anCisaA da waravlina darRvevad xanZTisa~. 159

es Cveni eklesiis istoriisaTvis
lobda saeroze upiratesobis mopovebas,

ufro metic, eklesias surda qveynis
mmarTvelobis xelSi Cagdeba. 1 61 aseT
sruliad gaugebari qmedebaa dRevandeli
qmedebas iv. javaxiSvili uwodebs `ceza-
TvalTaxedviT, magram maSin anCel episkoposs qalkedonis me-4 kanonis Sesabamisad, SeeZlo ukanonod mieCnia monastrebis daumorCilebloba da unebarTvo samo-
ro-papizms~, magram, cezaro-papizmi maSinaa msgavsi qmedeba, roca samefo xelisufleba (da ara saeklesio) Tavis
xelSi iRebs saeklesio mmarTvelobas (ase
nastro mSeneblobebis momizezebiT gadaewyvita maTi dangreva. rom ar hqonoda

episkoposs Sesabamisi saeklesio sakanonmdeblo baza, cxadia, igi ver gabedavda
iyo zogjer bizantiasa da ruseTSi zogierTi RvTismetyvelis azriT), saqarTveloSi ki am dros piriqiT iyo _ eklesia saero mmarTvelobis Tavis xelSi
kurapalatTa winaaRmdeg wasvlas, maSin,

roca isini xels uwyobdnen da saxsrebs
iRebdnen mSeneblobisaTvis, episkoposs
ki misi dangreva surda, magram sabedni-
aRebas cdilobda ara imis gamo, rom es

mas surda, aramed imis gamo, rom qveynis centraluri mmarTveloba moSlili
iyo jer sparsTa, Semdeg bizantielTa
erod xanZTa uflis nebiT dangrevas gadarCa, _ cqiri uecrad gardaicvala.

giorgi merCule iqve ganmartavs, rom
klarjeTis monastrebi sazogadod ki ar
eurCebodnen anCel episkoposebs, aramed
da arabTa mier. amis gamo saepiskoposoebi da saeklesio kerebi iqcnen qveyanaSi moSlili kanonierebis damcvelebad
anda kanonierebis mosarCleebad, miT
umetes, rom xelisufleba dauZlurebu-
aseTi iyo mxolod cqiri. `romelman Cven,

glaxakTa, SvilTa mamisa grigolisTa,
yvedrebaA mogvispo da umecrebiT mayve-
li iyo, xolo eklesia ki, piriqiT, did

Zalas warmoadgenda.
amis kargi magaliTia motanili, gan-
drebelsa sircxvili daumkvidra... bralTa

misTa yvedrebaT, romelsa eWudes, mouspen
netarisa mamisa grigolisa madliTa,
romeli qveyanasa zeda cxovndeboda vi-
saxilvel epoqaSi Seqmnil, serapion

za rz mel is cx ov reb aS i. im Ja min de li
saqarTvelos erT-erT centralur kuTxeSi
_ samcxeSi moiSala samTavro xelisu-
Tarca angelozi~. 160 maSasadame, wm. grig-
fleba, centraluri xelisuflebis ar-
D& W sgby^ W thrjdyj t ghfdj^ 1994 ^ c& 17 5$ 159 qre stomaTia, gv. 14 6;
qres tomaTia, 1946, gv. 14 7; 161 nar kv., II, gv. 448.
158
160
Zve li qar Tuli l iterat uris
373
seboba nawarmoebSi ki saerTod ar Cans.
`dascxres da dadumnes yovelive Sfo-
qveyanaSi daiwyo didi `SfoTi da uwesoeba~, urTierTkvla da ojaxebis ga-
Tiani da uwesobani wmidisa amis mRvdelT

moZRvarisa giorgis mier~. mwerali giorgi
nadgureba. sabolood, saqveyno Zalaufleba Tavis xelSi aiRo mawyverelma
mawyverelis mier saero Zalauflebis

Tavis xelSi aRebas `did saqmes~ uwodebs,
episkoposma giorgim, romelmac qveyanaSi wesrigi daamyara Svid weliwadSi,
radganac man `daawynara yoveli sabrZanebeli viTarca wes iyo~. episkopos gior-
meSfoTe mTavrebis qoneba ki eklesias

gadasca. kerZod, beSqen bahlaundis Zes,
did mTavar mirians colad hyavda aseve
gi mawyverelis amgvari qmedeba gamonaklisi ki ar yofila, aramed saqarTvelos, kerZod, mesxeTis imJamindeli wesi.
didi mTavris giorgi CorCanelis daA

latavri (Tekla), romelTanac gauCnda
aseTi ram xdeboda dasavleT evropis

eklesiaSic, roca romis saimperatoro
Svilebi sula, beSqen da laklaki. agreTve

hyoliaT qaliSvilic. mTavari giorgi uS-
xelisufleba moiSala, saepiskoposoebi

iqcnen qveyanaSi kanonierebis centrebad,
vilod gardaicvala, Tavisi qoneba das

dautova. roca Svilebi wamoizardnen,
da radganac eklesias didi Zala hqonda, episkoposTa nawili saero mmarTve-
siZemac moiTxova wili qonebidan _ `naw-
lad, kanonmdeblad gadaiqca, swored
il uc mamulsa Tana Tqvensa dasa amas
ganxilul dros VII-IX ss-Si. CvenSi
Tqvensa, vinaidgan Tqvenca dedisa mier

gaqvs~, e.i. Tavis colisZmebs mosTxova,
saero-samefo xelisufleba da, maSasadame, saxelmwifoebriobis umTavresi el-
rom miecaT disTvis nawili qonebidan.

imJamindeli wesiT, Cans, qonebis memkvi-
ementi moispo jer sparselTa mier VI

s-Si, roca maT mefoba droebiT gaau-
dre ara mxolod vaJebi iyvnen, amitom
qmes, Semdeg ki arabebis Semosevebisas.
siZem ganacxada, rom ojaxSi qoneba dedis (qalis) mxridan iyo Sesuli, maSas-
amis gamo provinciebSi Zalaufleba xelSi aiRes adgilobrivma mTavrebma, ma-
adame, qalsac (das) ekuTvnis wilio. am

davis gamo laklakma mokla Tavisi siZe.
gram isini ZiriTadad urTierTqiSpis, umetesad ki mtrebTan brZolis gamo ver
amis Semdeg sami wlis manZilze ojaxebs Soris didi SuRli Camovarda. sab-
gaZlierdnen. amis nebas arc iZleoda

dampyrobeli. mtrisagan Tavisufal saqar-
olood, awyuris saepiskoposo kaTedraze
Tvelos kuTxeebSi TandaTan gamoikveT-
avida giorgi Suartyleli, romelmac
nen samTavro xelisufalni, male isini
`xelT idva ra gangeba samcxisa, daawynara yoveli sabrZanebeli Tvisi, viTarca

wes iyo da daipyra yoveli mamuli da
qveynis mmarTvel mefeebad iqcnen. Camoyalibda tao-klarjeTis, afxazTa da herkaxTa kuTxuri samefoebi. tao-klarjeTSi
eklesiani pirvelTa maT meSfoTeTani~. 162

imis Semdeg, rac episkoposma xelSi
(da saerTod saqarTveloSi) am epoqaSi

eklesiis da samTavro xelisuflebis urT-
aiRo `gangeba samcxisa~ da `daipyra ma-
ierTobisa Tu urTierTdapirispirebis
muli da eklesiani~ meSfoTeebisa, Svidi
Sesaxeb wers m. lorTqifaniZe _ `rogorc
wlis ganmavlobaSi samcxis qveyanaSi
cnobilia, samTavroSi sasuliero xelisu-
162
cxo vreba serapion zar zmelisa, qres tomaTia, 194 6, gv. 96.
374
fleba didi avtoritetiT sargeblobs
rogorc iTqva, eklesiis xelSi saero
da did Zalas warmoadgens qveynis cxovrebaSi. sasuliero xelisufleba cdi-
xelisuflebis elementebi eqceoda usaxelmwifoebriobis dros, roca ar ar-
lobs kidec upiratesobis mopovebas

saeroze, yovel SemTxvevaSi, saero xelisuflebisagan damoukideblobis miswrafebas sasuliero xelisufleba aSkarad avlens... eklesia did Zalad iqceva,
sebobda saxelmwifo xelisufleba. ase

iTqmis gansakuTrebiT im provinciebis
Sesaxeb, sadac ver wvdeboda dampyrobelTa Zalaufleba, adgilobrivi saero
xelisufleba jer gamokveTili ar iyo,
is, saerTod, qveynis mmarTvelobis xelSi Cagdebas lamobs. Widili saeklesio
xolo erovnuli, centralizebuli saxelmwifo ki ukve aRar arsebobda.
da saero-samoqalaqo xelisuflebas Soris, sabolood ukanasknelis gamarjvebiT mTavrdeba~. 163
ase iyo tao-klarjeTSic. marTalia,

aq gamoikveTa saero xelisufleba, romelic akurTxa eklesiam wmida grigol xan-
rogorc Cans, tao-klarjeTSi, kax-
ZTelis piriT, magram eklesiis avtori-
eTsa da hereTSic qarTuli eklesiis

xelSi did Zalauflebas unda moeyara
Tavi. kaxeTis `qorepiskoposobis~ instituti eklesiisagan unda iyos aRmoceneb-
teti,
Zalze
iTxTan
gariSs
uli. rogorc cnobilia, kaxeTSi qorepiskoposebi SemdgomSi saero mTavrebad gadaiqcnen. amis damamtkicebel erT-erT
magaliTad migvaCnia aRniSnul epoqaSi,
centraluri mmarTveloba kaTalikosis

saxiT aSkarad miiCnevs saWirod Tbilisis amirasaTvis angariSis gawevas saerTo saeklesio saqmis sasargeblod, am
kerZod, IX s-is Sua xanebSi gardabnis

sakmaod did mxareSi `xucis~ Svilis
gamTavreba. buRa Turqma sahak Tbilisis
amiras mokvlis Semdeg `Seipyra xucisa
pozicias eTanxmeba kurapalatic. amitomac, rogorc aRiniSna, anCis saeklesio

krebis ganCineba gadaisinja da cqiri
kvlav daabrunes saepiskoposo kaTedraze,
visime Ze, romeli mTavar iyo gardabans

da Semusra gardabani~. 164
es unda momxdariyo cxadia, sahak amiras

sicocxleSive, e.i. 853 wlamde.
163
saq arTvel os ist oriis narkvev ebi, t . II, 1973, gv. 44 8;
gansakuTrebiT ki monastrebisa,
didi iyo, amitomac cqiris sakdakavSirebiT kurapalati did anuwevs maT, meore mxriv, eklesiis
164
qar Tlis c xovreb a, IV, gv. 130.
375
javaxeTis saeklesio kreba (IX s-is 60-iani wlebi)

IX s-is 60-ian wlebSi `xelmwifed~
wodebulma mamfalma guaram didma `brZana Sekreba episkoposTa da udabnoTa
mamaTa da yovelni Semokrbes javaxeTs~. 165
am epoqaSi `qarTuli eklesiisa da
samwysos gasaocar zrdas mWevrmetyvelurad mowmobs axaldaarsebuli `samRvdel-moZRvroni~, magaliTad, `qarTlis
cxovrebis~ Tanaxmad, bagrat kurapalatma
(826-876) aRadgina iSxanSi saepiskoposo
da pirvelad ìqmna saba episkopos iSxansa zeda~, erisTavT erisTavma aSot
kuxma (+918 w.) àRaSena tbeTi SavSeTs
da dasva pirvelad episkoposad sanatreli
stefane~, adarnase (887-923) daviT kurapalatis Zem àRaSena bana, xeliTa kvirike banelisaTa, romeli iqmna pirvel
episkopoz banel~, giorgi afxazTa mefem
(921-955) àRaSena saydari Wyondidisa,
Se qmn a s aep isk opo zod da ga nam Sve na
s im r av l i Ta wm i d iT a m a r tv i lT a T a~ .
qarTvelebis imdroindeli sisxlsavse
sulieri da sazogadoebrivi cxovreba,
xolo qarTuli eklesiis didi uflebebi
da upiratesobani kargadaa asaxuli giorgi merCules ukvdav qmnilebaSi `cxovrebaA grigol xanZTelisaA~. masSi `qarTuli
eklesia warmogvidgeba, rogorc didi xnis
winaT Camoyalibebuli saeklesio organizacia, romelsac gaaCnia damoukidebeli avtokefaluri eklesiisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli yvela atributi~. 166
qarTuli eklesia medgrad aRudga win
arabTa Semosevebs. arabTa laSqrobebi
iyo ara mxolod dapyrobiTi, aramed
mcdeloba mahmadianobis gavrcelebisa.
saqarTveloSi arabTa laSqrobaTa Sedegad kidev ufro dasustda erT dros

saxelovani qarTuli samefo dinastia
xosroianebisa, vaxtang gorgasalis STamomavlebisa: `xolo amieriTgan iwyo Semcirebad mefobaman didTa xuasroanTaman... ukeTu vinme gamoCndis SvilTa Soris
vaxtangisaTa, romelimc Rirs iyo mefed,
iqmnis Semcirebul sarkinozTagan~. 167 arabebma daipyres Tbilisi da saamiros centrad aqcies. gamahmadianda `mravali eri~.168
Zveli samefo dinastiis TandaTanobiTi gaqrobis kvaldakval qarTulma eklesiam iRvawa axlis mosaZieblad da
warmosaCenad. yuradRebis centrSi moeqca bagrationTa saxli, romelsac Cveni
mematianeebi da grigol xanZTeli (maSasadame, eklesia) _ `daviT winaswarmetyvelis STamomavlebs (naTesavebs)~ uwodebdnen. daviT winaswarmetyveli ki `xorcielad mamad RmrTisad iwoda~. bizantiam xeli Seuwyo arabTagan devnil
bagrationTa saxlis aRzevebas imiT, rom
bizantiis gavlenis sferoSi moqceul
s am x r eT s aq a r Tv e l oS i cn o ma T i
mmarTveloba da saxlis yvelaze ufro
gamoCenil pirebs sakariskaco tituls kurapalatis wodebas aniWebda. meore
mxriv, bagrationebis samefo saxlma Zveli
- `xosroianTa~ samefo dinastiisagan miiRo qveynis mmarTvelobis legitimuri
ufleba `mefis~ wodebisa. legitimurobis ufleba aseTi gziT ganxorcielebula: adarnase bagrationis qaliSvili
latavri SeirTo xosroian-gorgaslovan
gio rgi me rCule, `cxovr ebai gr igol x anZTelisai~ Zv eli qarTuli agiografiuli l iterat uris
Zegl ebi, 1964, wigni I, gv. 287; 166 saq arTvel os ist oriis n arkvev ebi, II, gv. 1973, gv. 59 8; 167 q. c.
I, g v. 250 ; 168 iqv e, gv. 251.
165
376
mefeTa STamomavalma juanSer arCilis
nersem Tavisi `saxlis uflebis~ dacvad
Zem. bizantiisa da imdroindel bizantiur samyaroSi miRebuli wesis Tanaxmad,
miiCnia: `rameTu ufleba~ igi saxlisa

misisagan ara ganaSora RmerTman~. ara-
qalsa (rZalsa) da mis naTesavebsac mamakacT a darad gad aecemodaT saxlis

ufleba. bizantiis istoriidan cnobilia mravali magaliTi, roca romelime
imperatoris gardacvalebis Semdeg im-
bebma `stefanoz, diswuli nersesi nacvlad dedis Zmisa Tvisisa nerseAsa erisTavad qveyanasa amas qarTlad~ warmoagzavnes. aqedan Cans, rom saxlis legitimuri ufleba èrisTavobisa~ Tu `mefo-
peratoris wodebas iRebda Zveli imperatoris meuRlis Zma an naTesavi. legit-
bisa~ gadaecemoda qalis naTesavebsac.

am zemoaRniSnuli uflebis gamo Zvel
imurobis gadacemis ufleba qalis gziT

saqarTveloSic rom yofila gavrcelebuli, es kargad Cans àbo Tbilelis
saqarTveloSi miCneuli iyo, rom `xosroian-gorgaslianTa~ saxlis ufleba

`qarTvelTa mefed~ wodebisa bagrationeb-
wamebidan~: gandevnili nerse erisTavis
i s s ax l Si
ma gi er qa rTl is er is Ta vad a rab eb ma

daayenes stefanoz gurgenis Ze. nerses
èrisTavobis~ wodeba miaCnda Tavisi `saxlis uflebad~, magram stefanoz gurge-
rogorc aRiniSna, adarnase bagrationis qaliSvili SeirTo arCil mefis vaJma juanSerma. amis Semdeg ukve adarnase bagrationis yovel STamomavals
nis ZisaTvis erisTavis pativis miniWeba

ar miiCnia Tavisi `saxlis uflebis~ Seuracxyofad, gaexarda kidec, radganac
stefanozi misi diswuli iyo, diswuli-
ufleba hqonda pretendenti yofiliyo

`qarTlis~ an `qarTvelTa~ mefed wodebisa gorgaslovan mefeTa darad. ase
miiRo latavris Zmam aSot kurapalat-
saTvis èrisTavobis~ pativis miniWeba
ma mefed wodebis ufleba.
arCil mefe (+744)

(xosroian-gorgasliani)
SuSan
da misi dani
iovane
Se v id a l a ta v ri s g z iT .
adarnase bagrationi
(arCil mefis vasali)
juanSer + latavri
aSot kurapalati
(+826)
bagrat I
kurapalati
daviT
kurapalati (+881)
aSot
adarnase I
(+869)
adarnase
guaram
(+88 2)
nasra
(+8 81)
amitomac
uwodebs
377
`matia ne
nebia saeklesio krebis mowveva, raTa
qarTlisaAs~ avtori aSot kurapalats

`mefes~: `Semdgomad sikvdilisa adar-
axali kaTalikosi saeklesio wesebis

dacviT saeklesio krebas aerCia. guaram
nasesisa ganadida ufalman mefoba aSot

kurapalatisa~. 16 9
aSot kurapalati mowameobrivad aResrula. mtrebma igi mokles èklesiasa
Sina da sisxli misi, romeli maSin daiTx-
mamfalis xelmwifebis qveS am dros imyofeboda javaxeTi, TrialeTi, taSiri,

aboci da artani. am dros sarkinozebTan (arabebTan) medgrad ibrZoda guarami
`hbrZoda sarkinozTa, zogjer sZlis
ia, awca ixilvis viTaca axali~, igi

mouklavT 829 wlis 29 ianvars.
guaram da zogjer sarkinozTa, 170 qarTli, kerZod ki Sida qarTli, brZolis
rogorc iTqva, aSot kurapalatis umcrosma vaJma guaram mamfalma moiwvia

javaxeTis saeklesio kreba. guaram `didi~,
areals warmoadgenda. mis dasaufleblad

qarTvelebi da arab-somxebi erTmaneTs
ebrZodnen. arabebi da somxebi am droi-
`xelmwife~, rogorc mas uwodebs mat-
saTvis gaerTianebuli ZaliT axerxebd-
iane, qarTuli eklesiis erT-erTi udidesi

aRmaSenebeli da misi erTguli moRvawe
iyo. man `meored aRaSena~ opizas cnobili monasteri klarjeTSi, bolos mon-
nen Sida qarTlis mniSvnelovan cixeTa

daWerasac ki. es qarTvel (kerZod, ki
afxaz da tao-klarjel) xelisufalTaTvis mouTmeneli iyo. guaram mamfal-
azvnad aRikveca da opizaSi daikrZala.

am dros qarTuli eklesiis sasuliero birTvi, sakaTalikoso kari, rogorc
Cans, arabTa Semosevebis mizeziT Sida
ma, rogorc iTqva, Tavisi mklavis ZaliT

SeZlo javaxeTisa da mimdebare mxareebis daWera. javaxeTSive mowveul krebas
unda ganexila arsen I-is kaTalikosad
qarTlSi Seqmnili mZime viTarebis gamo

samxreT saqarTveloSi iyo gadanacvlebuli _ samcxesa, klarjeTsa Tu taoSi,
mcxeTeli kaTalikosis Rirsebis dacvi-
wodebis kanonikurobis sakiTxi.

giorgi merCule ase aRwers krebis
wina viTarebas: `didi arseni qarTlisa
ka Tali koz iqm na.. . ar ame d qa rTli sa
saTvis yoveli RoniT zrunavdnen iqauri

mTavrebi. Cans, am mizezis gamo SeZlo
samcxis mTavarma mirianma kaTalikos ilarion I-is (daaxl. 850-860) gardacvalebis Semdeg, samcxeli didebulebis mxar-
episkoposni mirean arsenis mamisaTvis

friad gulwyebul iyvnes amis mizezisaTvis, rameTu Tvinier ganzraxvisa maTisa mZlavr samcxisa eriTa Ze Tvisi
daadgina kaTalikosad TanadgomiTa da
daWeriT, sakaTalikoso taxtze aeyvana

Tavisi Ze arsen I (daaxl. 860-887). am
droisaTvis samxreT saqarTvelos erT-
kurTxeviTa mcirediTa episkoposTaATa~. 171

maSasadame, guaram mamfalze ufro
metad iyvnen `qarTlis episkopozni~ gul-
erTi didi `xelmwife~ guaram mamfali

`gulZvirad~ yofila ganwyobili samcxeli mTavris mirianis mimarT. mis mier
sakaTalikoso taxtze arsenis ayvana
gamwyralni da nawyeni, radganac samcxis mTavarma daarRvia maTi wmidaTawmida

ufleba _ aerCiaT Tavisi kaTalikosi.
romelime eklesiis avtokefaliis arsi,
`mZlavrobad~ gamoucxadebia da ubrZa-
c no bi l i ka n on is te b is g a nm ar t eb iT ,
qar Tlis c xovreb a, I, gv. 252; 17 0 iqve , gv. 257; 17 1 cxo vrebai grigo l xanZ Telisai, Zve li qar Tuli
agio grafiuli lit eratur is Zegl ebi, I, 1964 , gv. 287.
169
378
swored imaSi mdgomareobs, rom am ek-
monawileobis gareSe ar ineba muSaobis
lesiis episkoposebs SeuZliaT airCion

TavianTi eklesiis meTauri. Tu eklesiis
meTaurs ar irCeven am eklesiis episkoposebi, aramed niSnavs sxva, ucxo eklesiis meTauri, maSin aRniSnuli ekle-
dawyeba. amasTanave, isic unda aRiniSnos, rom Zvel epoqaSi, ruis-urbnisis

krebamde, eklesiaSi sazogadod didi iyo
wona moZRvrebisa, monasterTa winamZRvrebze Tu arafers vityviT. imdenad didi
sia avtokefaluri ar aris. meore mxriv,

eklesiis TavisTavadobas maSinac ecleba safuZveli da meryevi xdeba, rodesac
eklesiis meTaurs niSnavs romelime saero
iyo moZRvarTa, e.i. episkoposobis pativis armqone samRvdeloTa wona, rom

episkoposebi maTgan garkveulwilad SezRudulebic ki iyvnen `wesisa da rjulis
xelisufali episkoposTa umravlesobis

nebis gauTvaliswineblad. ase rom, samcxis mTavarma mirianma ara mxolod saeklesio kanonebi daarRvia, roca episkoposTa umravlesobis ufleba SebRala,
aramed qarTuli eklesiis TavisTavadobasac garkveulwilad ziani miayena.
aseTi mdgomareoba, cxadia, miuRebeli
iyo qarTuli eklesiis iseTi udidesi
mfarvelisaTvis, rogoric iyo im droisaTvis guaram mamfali, miT umetes, rom
mis samflobeloSi, rogorc Cans, gadmosuli iyo droebiT, mcxeTis sakaTa-
maswavleblobis~ sferoSi, amitomac ruisurbnisis krebam sagangebo muxli miuZRvna

`moZRvarTa~ SezRudvisa da maTi raodenobis Semcireba-regulirebis sakiTxs,
rac ganxilulia qvemoT. aRsaniSnavia,
rom Zveli eklesiis es Tviseba amJamadac SemorCenilia somxur eklesiaSi, sadac moZRvars àrqimandrit-varTapets~
udidesi avtoriteti aqvs da misi avtoriteti `rjulis maswavleblobis~ sferoSi
ar Camouvardeba episkoposisas.
krebaze arqimandrit grigol xanZTelis mosvlas Tan daerTo udidesi
likoso kari. guaram mamfali valdebuli iyo gaeTvaliswinebina qarTlis episkoposTa umravlesobis survili da daekmayofilebina maTi `friadi gulwyebuleba~. am saqmis movla da garkveva SeeZlo
saeklesio krebas.
krebis mowvevis Semdeg, guaramis brZa-
saswaulebrivi niSani. am TvaliT xilulma saswaulma gansazRvra krebis

msvleloba da Searbila episkoposTa
`friadi gulwyebuleba~ maTi nebarTvis
gareSe sakaTalikoso taxtze aRzevebuli arsenis mimarT.
es saswauli iyo Semdegi saxisa: ìx-
nebis Sesabamisad, javaxeTSi movidnen

episkoposebi da ùdabnoTa mamebi~, e.i.
monasterTa winamZRvar-moZRvrebi. daigviana mxolod ùdabnoTa varskvlavma~, arqimandritma grigol xanZTelma da zogierTma ùdabnos~ sxva winamZRvarma mamam.
arqimandrit netar grigols `wadierad
moelodnen yovelni~. grigol xanZTels
udidesi avtoriteti hqonda eklesiaSi,
imdenad, rom saeklesio krebamac ki misi
iles wmida~ igi (grigoli) momavali

karauliTa Soris krebulsa mas mamaTasa
sakvirvelad xilviTa, rameTu samoseli
igi Seuracxi, romel emosa moxucebulsa mas, esreT Canda, viTarca samoseli
naTlisa brwyinvalisa ganucdelisa. xolo
Tavsa missa kukuli ixilveboda, viTarca
gvirgvini sameufo patiosanTa TvalTa
da margalitTagan fasdaudebelTa aRmkuli~. 172 maSasadame, grigolze moweuli
17 2
Zve li qar Tuli ag iograf iuli literaturis Zeg lebi, I, 1964 , gv. 287.
379
saswauli msgavsi iyo feriscvalebisa,
episkoposs: `brZane pasuxi, raA jer
uflis saswaulebrivi saxecvlisa, roca

misi tanisamosi ganspetakda, xolo saxe
gabrwyinda, viTarca mze. aRsaniSnavia,
rom grigolis mowafeebzec aseTi didebis naTlis sveti ixilveboda.
ars~. 173 swored efremi warmoadgenda axal

sakaTalikoso kandidats arsenis sanacvlod, mas uWerda mxars guaram mamfali.
iqamde mas episkoposebic uWerdnen mxars
da efremic ganwyobili iyo taxtis sa-
jer kidev krebis dawyebamde eruSnelma episkoposma ganacxada òdes movides varskvlavi igi udabnoTa, maSin
ganemarTos saqme da ganzraxva yovel-
Zieblad, surda sakaTalikoso taxtze

asvla arsenis nacvlad, magram grigolTan
misma Sexvedram y velaferi Secvala.
grigolma krebis win sagangebod sasaubrod
Ta~, radganac grigolis mosvlamdec

saubrobdnen `wesis winamZRvarni~ arsenis kaTalikosobis irgvliv, magram verafe ri gad awyvite s. rog orc iT qva,
grigols `wadierad moelodes yovelni~,
axla ki grigolis saswaulebrivma mobrZanebam misi yoveli sityva da neba
episkoposTaTvis ueWvel aRsasrulebel
saqmed aqcia. guaram mamfali, romlisaTvisac, rogorc xelmwifisaTvis, yvela ze maRl a i dga we sie rebi sa da
kanonierebis dacva, miT umetes, saeklesio sferoSi, ucnobi yofila episkopos-
farulad gaixmo Tavisi mowafe efremi

da uTxra: `Svilo, pativsa magas wmidisa mRvdelT-mTavrobisasa gafuceb, nu
uSli sulierad Zmasa Sensa arsenis~. 174
saqme is iyo, rom grigol xanZTeli
mtkiced uWerda mxars arsens da surda
misi datoveba sakaTalikoso taxtze. am
su rv il is S ety ob is S emd eg e fr em ma
grigols upasuxa: `wmidao mamao, ver
egebis ZmaTa CemTa episkoposTa ciloba
samarTalisaTvis da mec Semindev, rameTu
ara var amieriTgan arsenis cxovari, da
arca igi Cemi mwyemsi~. efremis am si-
Ta es bolo gadawyvetileba.
saeklesio kreba daiwyo. igi gaxsna
guaram mamfalma Tavisi Sesavali sityviT: `wmidano mamano, episkoposno da
m eu d ab n oe no , i c iT yo v el Ta ka n on i
Sjulisa, rameTu ara brZanebs episkoposisa da kaTalikozisa mZlavrobiT
tyvebma moZRvari Zalzed gaanawyena, amis

gamo `wmidaman man mksinvared hrqua:
ùkeTu amas iqm, efrem, me uvar myav,
viTa ara Seni moZRvari var~. efremisaTvis, romelic siyrmidanve aRzrdili
iyo grigolis mier, moZRvris gancxadeba, rom igi mis sulier mamobas mia-
dajdomasa~, 173 amis Semdgom guaramma sityva gaagrZela momxdari ukanonobis irgvliv: àmas sityvasa Sina augisa sityvani ganamravlna~. 173 sityvis damTavrebis Semdeg guarami eloda episkoposTa
sityvebs èloda pasuxsa maTgan~, 173 magram guarami gaocda, roca mis mZafr
sityvas episkoposebma sruli dumiliT
upasuxes. Semdeg siCumiT Sewuxebulma
episkoposebma uTxres efrem mawyverel
tovebda, sikvdilze ufro Tavzardamcemi cnoba iyo. efremi atirda. `netari

efrem sityvasa mas zeda sulierisa mamisa
da moZRvrisa atirda da hrqua: `ficxel ars brZaneba~ ese, ganmkveTel ufroAs
maxvilisa, aw nebaA Seni iyavn, nu nebaA
Cemi wmidao RmrTisao~. 175
maSasadame, jer kidev krebis dawyebamde efremma moxsna Tavisi kandidatura, uari ganacxada sakaTalikoso taxtze,
17 3
Zve li qarT uli ag iografiuli lit . Zegl ebi, I, 1964, gv. 288;
17 4
iqve , gv. 287;
17 5
iqv e, gv. 287.
380
rogorc Cans, es cnobili iyo episko-
ebrZana kaTalikosobaA arsenisi sis-
posTaTvis, magram ucnobi guaramisaTvis,

amitom krebis dawyebis Semdeg, roca
guaramma episkoposebs TavianTi azris
gamoTqma mosTxova, rogorc iTqva, maT
pasuxis gacema daavales efrems. efrem-
rulisa misisaTvis~. 177 e.i. arseni ufro

`sruli~, e.i. Rirseuli iyo (efremTan
SedarebiT), misi kaTalikozobac RvTis
neba yofila, albaT, raime gamocxadebuli niSniT. magram arsenis mamas, mirian
ma ki sityva gadasca grigols. `sada

mama A grigol iyos, me mun ara vikadreb
sityuad~. guarammac grigols sTxova
Tavisi azris gamoTqma. grigolma brZa-
m T a v a r s u C q a r i a d a S v i li ` u J a m o
SeswrafebiT~ (e.i. aradrouli aCqarebiT) auyvania gaTavisuflebul sakaTalikoso taxtze, amiT mas arsenis saxe-
na: àrseni kaTalikozi nebiTa RmrTisa A Ta kaTalikoz ars da Zviris metyvelTa

misTa, romelTa ara Seinanon, kdemul
iyvnes da sruliad hrcxvenes amas sawuTosa da mas saukunesa~. grigolis sityvam ganarisxa guaram mamfali, Seepasuxa grigols, Semdeg ki episkoposebs
mimarTa: `Tqvengan jer ars gansagebeli
Tqveni gangebad aw TqviT, maT hrques:
RvTis msaxuro guaram, qristesmierman
saswaulman utyvi qmna enaA Cueni, rameTu
vixileT dRes grigolis zeda miuwvdomeli didebaA ~ 17 6 da mouTxres guarams
li àugian uyvia~ (e.i. SeubRalavs). yovelive am qmedebas ki mohyolia qarTlis

episkoposTa guliswyroma. maT gadauwyvetiaT krebis mowveva. grigoli ki cdilobda `RvTis simarTle~ ganecxadebina
arsenis mimarT, igi frTxilobda, rom
guliswyromiT Sekrebil episkoposebs
gauWirdebodaT `RvTis simarTlis~ gamoZieba, amitomac uTxra efrems: `guliswyromaman kacisaman simarTle RvTisa ara
qmnis~, sabolood, rogorc iTqva, krebam arsenis kaTalikosoba daamtkica.
rogorc efrem mawyvereli, ise arsen
imdRevandeli saswaulis Sesaxeb. mematiane wers, rom guarami iyo mdabali

da RvTis moSiSi, iZlia simdableman da
Sendoba sTxova mama grigols. xolo sabolood episkoposebma daaskvnes: `jer me
iyo mxilebaA ese arsenisaTvis, aramed
aw amieriTgan arseni iyavn kaTalikos
didi, cnobili saeklesio moRvaweebi arian. efrems hqonda diplomatiuri da administraciuli niWi, arseni ki qarTuli
eklesiis ideologi yofila. efremma
Tavisi diplomatiur-administraciuli
niWis wyalobiT SeZlo, rom axlad Seqmnili afxazeTis sakaTalikososaTvis
qarTlisa yovlisa da sulierad mama

yovelTa da yovelTa Soris. iWvica pirveli dam-mca-xsnil ars srulad~, rasac
guaram mamfali da yoveli damswre daeTanxma. amiT kreba dasrulda.
ismis kiTxva, ratom cdilobda grigol
xanZTeli saeklesio wesis aSkara darRveviT sakaTalikoso taxtze ayvanili
arsenis dacvas? grigolma ase ganumarta Tavisi moqmedeba efrems: `...RmerTsa
mironis kurTxevis ufleba adgilzeve _

qarTlSi moepovebina. saqme is iyo, rom
VII s-Si, rogorc iTqva, herakle keisaris Semosevis Semdeg bizantiis am imperatorma qarTlis samefos CamoaWra
dasavleT saqarTvelos zRvispira provinciebi, vidre e.w. skanda-Sorapnis
xazamde. am qarTul miwa-wyalze amis
Semdeg konstantinopolis sapatriarqom
ganaxorciela saeklesio iurisdiqcia,
17 6
Zve li qarT uli ag iografiuli lit eratur is Zegl ebi, I, 1964, gv. 289;
17 7
iqv e, gv. 288.
381
maSasadame, igi qarTuli eklesiis iuris-
sityvebia ìerusalemiT~ (sityva daqarag-
diqciidan gamovida. kerZod, fasisisa,

rodopolisisa da sxva saepiskoposoebi
da uqve mde bar es k ons tan tino pol is
lazik is eparq ias. cxa dia, das avleT
saqarTvelos am zRvispira mxareSi ukve
m e b u l i a a m J a m i n de l x e l n a w e r S i c ) ,
`qristesmieriTa~ (es sityvac daqaragmebuli a amJa madac) da ìer usalem isa~
(aseve daqaragmebulia). ese igi, amJamadac aRniSnul winadadebaSi sami qarag-
mironi konstantinopolidan SemohqondaT.

VIII s-Si konstantinopolSi amtydari
xatmebrZoluri eresis gamo dasavleT
saqarTvelos aRniSnulma saepiskoposoebma
ma a _ ì ~ e mi T ~, `q ~e s mi e r i T a ~,
ì ~emisa~. 178 vfiqrobT, am winadadebaSi
meoTxe sityvac (Tu ufro meti ara)
Tavdapirvelad qaragmiT iyo gadmocemu-
kavSiri gawyvites konstantinopolis

mwvaleblur sapatriarqosTan da, Cans,
konstantinopolis nacvlad, mirons antioqiidan anda ierusalimidan iRebdnen.
efre m mawy verels mouxer xebia, rom
dasavleT saqarTvelos mironi mieRo
qarTlidan, kerZod ki mcxeTidan. es mas
mouxerxebia molaparakebaTa gziT. àramed
di di e frem mra vlis a ke Tili sa m omatyuebel eqmna queyanasa Cuensa, rameTu
pirvelad aRmosavalisa kaTalikosTa, mihroni ierusalimiT mohyvanda xolo efrem
qristesmieriTa brZanebiTa mihronisa
li: à ~sa~. es qaragma gadamwers gauxsnia ase: àRmosavalisa~, teqstis mixedviT ki albaT unda yofiliyo: àfxazeTisa~, maSin rTuli winadadeba azrobrivad gaimarTeba da aseT saxes miiRebs: adre afxazeTis kaTalikosebs mironi ierusalimiT mohyvanda, xolo efremis mecadineobiT maTTvis saWiro mironis kurTxeva qarTls ganewesa, rameTu
afxazeTic qarTlia, radganac iq locvis
ena qarTulia da Jamiswirvac qarTul
enaze Seiwireba.
ra ufleba hqonda mawyverel episko-
kurTxeva qarTls ganawesa ierusalimis

patriarqisa ganwesebiTa da wamebiTa sixaruliTa. aramed qarTlad friadi queyana aRiracxebis, romelsaca Sina qarTuliTa eniTa Jami Seiwirvis da locva
yoveli aResrulebis~.
rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, giorgi mer-
poss afxazeTis sakaTalikosos mimarT,

ratom zrunavda misTvis? marTalia arapirdapiri, magram mainc pasuxi `qarTlis cxovrebis~ erT CanarTSia mocemuli _ xelmwifem im qveynisa, sadac moRvaweobda efrem mawyvereli (tao-klarjeTi), iuridiulad gaaforma afxazeTis
Culis xelidan gamosul xelnawer dedanSi sityva àRmosavalisa~ qveS igulisxmeba àfxazeTisa~, es sityva albaT daqaragmebuli iyo ase: à ~ sa~, rac konteqstis
Sesabamisad xelnaweris gadamwers unda
gaexsna, rogorc àfxazeTisa~. azrs, imis
Sesaxeb, rom xelnawerSi mocemuli sityva qaragmiT iyo dawerili, gvimtkicebs isic, rom imave winadadebaSi kidev
sami sityva aris qaragmiT dawerili. es
sakaTalikosos (e.i. dasavleT saqarTvelos didi nawilis eklesiis) dabruneba

qarTuli eklesiis wiaRSi bizantielTa
dasustebis Semdeg _ `xolo aman bagrat
gaaCina da ganawesa kaTalikosi afxazeTs
qristes aqeT y ~ l~ (830) wels. 179 bagrat
kurapalati, romelsac `gauCenia da ganuwesebia~ kaTalikosi afxazeTisa, iyo
guaram mamfalis Zma. misi ufrosoba
bagrationebis samefo saxlSi cno misma
178
Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi, I, 1964, gv. 290;
179
qarTlis cxovreba, I, gv. 255.
382
orive Zmam adarnasem da guaramma. qarTvelTa xelmwifes ufleba hqonda afxazeTis sakaTalikosoze, msgavsadve saqarTvelos udides saeklesio xelisufals
efrem mawyverelsac SeeZlo ezruna, raTa
afxazeTis sakaTalikosos mironi mieRo
ara ierusalimSi, aramed Seemzadebina
adgilzeve, e.i. `qarTlSi~ (qarTuli
liturgikis mqone qveyanaSi), albaT mcxeTidan miRebis ufleba igulisxmeba, mcxeTaSi, e.i. qarTlidan. cnobilia efremis
moZRvris grigol xanZTelis Rvawlic
afxazeTis eklesiis mimarT.
grigoli didad afasebda efremis niWs,
magram im droisaTvis qarTuli eklesiisaTvis ufro saWirod CauTvlia arsenis
kaTalikosoba. rogorc aRiniSna, arseni
iyo Tavis drois udidesi ideologi,
ubadlo mcodne somxeTis eklesiis istoriisa. arsenma samxreT saqarTvelos
qarTvel qristianebs miawoda im droisaTvis uaRresad saWiro ideologiuri naSromi `ganyofisaTvis somexTa da qarTvelTa~. es naSromi mas dauweria VII s-is
somxuri Txzulebis gamoyenebiT. ratom
esaWiroeboda samxreT saqarTvelos es
naSromi? swored arsenisa da misi moZRvris, grigolis moRvaweobis Jams VIIIIX ss-Si qarTuli eklesia Tavis wiaRSi
ibrunebda misgan iZulebiT mowyvetil
taos qarTvelobas. saqme isaa, rom VIVII ss-Si sparsTa da bizantielTagan
gaZlierebulma somxurma eklesiam SeZlo deda eklesiis wiaRidan moewyvita
samxreT saqarTvelos erTi didi nawilis samwyso da masze ganexorcielebina
Tavisi iurisdiqcia. V s-Si tao-klarjeTi qarTuli eklesiis wiaRSi Sedioda, es iqidan Cans, rom vaxtang gorgasalma aq daaarsa monastrebi: opizisa,
180
merisa, Sindobisa da axizisa. zogierTi
mkvlevaris azriT, samonastro cxovreba daiwyo VI s-Si da amitomac TiTqosda vaxta ngi V s-Si monas trebs ar
aaSenebda. maTi mosazreba ar eyrdnoba
raime wyaros da varaudzea dafuZnebuli, `vaxtang gorgasalis cxovreba~ Zveli wyaroa, romlis Sesabamisi cnobis
uaryofisaTvis safuZveli ar arsebobs.
am wyaros Tanaxmad, vaxtang mefem `saberZneTSi~, e.i. palestina-ierusalimsa
da wmida miwaze (aseve mcire aziaSi),
naxa monastrebi da am monasterTa darad gadawyvita wamoewyo saqarTveloSic
samonastro cxovreba. gana V s-Si petre iberi da ioane lazi qarTuli samonastro cxovrebis erT-erTi damaarsebelTaganni ar iyvnen wmida miwaze? ratom ar unda yofiliyo CvenSi V s-Si
monastrebi? rogorc wyaro brZanebs:
qarTuli eklesia-monastrebi V s-Sive
i yv ne n ta o -k la rj e TS i. b iz a nt ii da n
saqarTveloSi Semosvlis Jams vaxtang
gorgasalma artavaz erisTavs ubrZana
aego artanujis cixe da ùbrZana, raTa
gamonaxos xevsa mas Sina adgili samonastre da aRaSenos eklesia da qmnes
monastrad, viTarca exilvnes monasterni saberZneTisani... artavaz aRaSena cixe
artanujisa da monasteri, romel ars
opiza da samni eklesiani: daba merisa,
Sindobisa da axizisa da ganaaxla cixe
axizisa da qmna igi quabad~. 180 es moxda
daaxloebiT V s-is 50-ian wlebSi.
aRsaniSnavia, rom cixe Tuxarisisa
mdebareobda ara klarjeTSi, aramed taoSi. VI da VII ss-Si, cnobili politikuri mizezebis gamo, tao da nawilobriv klarjeTi somxurma eklesiam Tavisi iurisdiqciis qveS moaqcia. maSasadame, tao-klarjeTis mosaxleoba, ro-
383
melic uZvelesi droidanve eTnikurad
Tiani, mTliani, sayovelTao msoflio ek-
qarTuli iyo, gadaiqca samwysod somxuri eklesiisa. saqarTvelos am uZve-
lesiisa da amdenad warmoadgenda marad

marTlmadideblursa da mociqulebrivi
les mxareSi gansakuTrebiT gaZlierda

somxuri qalkedonituri eklesia (somxur eklesiaSi VIII s-is 20-30-ian wlebamde ori frTa ebrZoda erTmaneTs,
monofizituri da qalkedonituri. qalke-
swavlis erTgul damcvels.

arsen didi Tavis TxzulebaSi (igulisxmeba wigni: arsen safareli `ganyofisaTvis somexTa da qarTvelTa~) dawvrilebiT
mimoixilavs somxuri eklesiis istorias
donituri somxuri eklesia emezoblebo da bi zan ti a - s amx re T-d asa vl eT
VII s-is wyaroze dayrdnobiT, am Txzulebis mkiTxvelisaTvis misi sandooba
saqarTvelos). tao-klarjeTSi somxuri

eklesia ise gaZlierda, rom somxuri
eklesiis erT-erTi sakaTalikoso cen-
ueWveli iyo. igi udides gavlenas moaxdenda mrevlze. swored es ideologiursarwmunoebrivi naSromi esaWiroeboda
tric ki Seiqmna iSxanSi, VII s-Si.
imJamad qarTul eklesias. Cans, es iyo
mesxeTis mkvidri qarTuli mosaxleoba

somxuri eklesiis `frTeTa qveS~ yofnisas daadga aSkara denacionalizaciis
gzas. eklesiebSi maTTan dainerga somx-
erTi mizezi imisa, rom grigol xanZTelma swored arseni miiCnia yvelaze
Rirseul sakaTalikoso kandidatad da
misi sakaTalikoso taxtze damkvidrebi-
urenovani msaxureba, somxuri wera-kiTxva da laparaki maTTvis ucxo aRar iyo.

swored aseT dros, VIII-IX ss-Si ufalma
RmerTma imdenad gaaZliera sruliad
saTvis arc episkoposTa krebasa da arc

didi xelmwifis avtoritets moerida.
saqarTveloSi ruseTis batonobisas
da qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis
qarTuli eklesia, rom grigol xanZTelisa da misi mowafeebis RvawliT

TandaTanobiT tao-klarjeTi deda eklesiis wiaRs daubrunda. aseT dros
gauqmebisas marad ismoda kiTxva - iyo

Tu ara qarTuli eklesia avtokefaluri
da, saerTod, rodis moipova man avtokefalia. qarTuli eklesiis avtoke-
saWiro iyo, marTalia, arabTa Semosevebisa da qolerisagan Semcirebuli, magram mainc mkvidrad mcxovrebi qarTuli mosaxleobis darwmuneba imaSi, rom
somxuri eklesiis wiaRSi yofna maT
faliis damtkicebisas iyenebdnen `grigol

xanZTelis cxovrebidan~ javaxeTis saeklesio krebis aRweras, romlidanac marTlac aSkarad Cans, rom qarTuli eklesiis meTaurs TviTon irCevda adgi-
sulebs ki ar acxonebda, aramed warwymedda, radganac somxuri eklesia mwvaleblobis buded iyo gadaqceuli, xolo
lobrivi saeklesio kreba ucxo qveynis,

anda eklesiis mxridan yovelgvari Zaldatanebis, anda nebis gareSe da igi
qarTuli eklesia mudam iyo wevri er-
ueWvelad avtokefaluri iyo.
384
Rrtilas saeklesio kreba (daaxl. 1046 w.)

msoflio eklesiaSi sarwmunoebrivi
kamaTi monofizitebTan qalkedonitTa gamarjvebiT damTavrda VI-VII ss-Si. bi-
aseTi xerxiT somxurma eklesiam tao

da misi mimdebare qarTuli mxareebi Tavis
iurisdiqciaSi moaqcia, vidre VIII s-
zantiis imperiis gareT ki es dava kidev

didxans gagrZelda. saqme is iyo, rom
monofizitoba Tavis erovnul sarwmu-
mde. ufro adre ki, kerZod VI s-Si,

qvemo qarTli, anu `gugarqi~, kirion kaTalikosamde. msgavsadve, samxreT saqarTve-
noebad gamoacxada VIII s-is dasawyisSi

somxeTSi Semdgarma saeklesio krebam.
es sarwmunoeba erovnulad gadaiqca aRmosavleTis zogierTi xalxisaTvis siriasa
Tu egvipteSi. saqarTvelo, romelic imyofeboda mijnaze qalkedonitur bizantiasa da monofizitur somxeTs Soris,
marad marTlmadideblobis erTgul damcvelad miiCneoda. amitom, sarwmunoebrivi
debatebi da kamaTi qarTvel da somex
los somxeTis mezoblad mdebare sxva

mxareebSic cxovrobdnen somxuri eklesiis
wevri qarTvelebi. samwysosaTvis Widilis dros erTmaneTs xvdebodnen qarTveli da somexi sasuliero pirebi, isini
Sekrebebze sajaro paeqrobisas arCevdnen sarwmunoebriv sakiTxebs.
erTi aseTi kreba Sedga sofel RrtilasTan, javaxeTSi. bagratis (975-1014)
dros, Tumca zogierTi mkvlevari miiC-
sasuliero Tu saeklesio pirTa Soris

saukuneTa manZilze grZeldeboda, vidre
TiTqmis XIX-XX ss-mde. saqme is iyo,
nevs, rom Rrtilas saeklesio kreba

Catarda 1046 wels bagrat IV-is dros.
mefes, javaxeTSi yofnisas, mouwvevia
rom somxuri eklesia garkveul istoriul etapebze axerxebda moepovebina romelime mZlavri mezobeli imperiis mxardaWera, romlis meoxebiT axerxebda saqarTvelos ama Tu im kuTxis Tavis iurisdiqciaSi moqcevas da mkvidri qarTuli mosaxleobis Tavis samwysod gadaqcevas.
samxedro-samoqalaqo kreba, am dros masTan `Cveulebisaebr~ misula javaxeTis

mosazRvre provinciidan `didi moZRvari
somxeTisaA~ sosTeni. igi monofizituri
sarwmunoebis Rrmad mcodne yofila `friad mecnier werilTa da sarwmunoebisa~.
miqel sabininis Tanaxmad, sosTeni yofi-
385
la marmaSenis somxuri monastris winamZR-
samxreT saqarTveloSi da, marTlac didi
vari (es monasteri mdebareobs amJamindeli leninakanis raionSi). rogorc iTq-
gavlena hqonda aqauri mosaxleobis sarwmunoebriv simtkiceze. es iyo `gamoZie-
va, igi `Cveulebisaebr movida bagrat

mefisa da iwyo zuaobiT da ampartavnobiT qebad sjulisa Tvisisa~. 181
im droisaTvis saqarTvelos samxreTdasavleTi nawili, kerZod, tao, klar-
ba saRmrTosa hjulisa da marTlisa sarwm uno ebis a~ gan rCev ad Rva rZli sag an
wualebaTasa~, msgavsi kamaTis did mniSvnelobas miuTiTebs isic, rom, rogorc
Cans, im dros samxreT saqarTvelos
jeTi da aboci (taSiri) warmoadgenda

somxuri eklesiis dainteresebis sfer-
qarTvelTa erTi mcire nawili jer kidev

somxuri eklesiis samwysos warmoadgen-
os. somxeTi didad gaZlierda IX-X ssSi, aseT viTarebaSi uTuod saWiroebas
warmoadgenda samxreT saqarTvelos mo-
da, e.i. somexTa sarwmunoebas aRiarebda. aseTi yofila TviT mefe bagrat IIIis mwignobarTuxucesi efTvime. es qarTve-
saxleobis darwmuneba qalkedonituri
li, sarwmunoebiT monofiziti yofila,
sarwmunoebis sisworeSi, somxuri eklesiis aramarTlmadidebluri saxis warmoCena,

miT umetes, rom somexi `sarwmunoebis
wanamZRvrebi~ msgavsi ampartavnobiTa da
amitomac mas mematiane `Sinagamcems~, `Cveni sarwmunoebis Sinagamcems~ uwodebs:

_ `maSin iyo vinme mwignobarT uxucesi
mefisa saxeliT efTvime. igica Tanaziar
TavxedobiT cdilobdnen TavianTi sjulis dacvas, nacvlad ki gmobdnen da

aZagebdnen `sarwmunoebasa Cuensa~.
RrtilaSi mefesTan erTad yofilan
borotisa mis wualebisa maTisa da Sinagan gamcemi sarwmunoebisa Cuenisa. 183 sarwmunoebrivi Tanamoziarobis gamo Cveni
sarwmunoebis `Sinagan gamcemi~, anu moR-
wurwyabeli episkoposi gvarad miqelaZe,

yveleli episkoposi sanano, grigol abuseriZe, SesaZloa tbeli, gabriel ukis
Ze. am mRvdelmTavrebma da sjulismcod-
alate qarTveli misula sosTenTan da

`farulad yursa sosTenassa zraxvida~,
e.i. farulad elaparakeboda qarTvelTa
mzadebis Sesaxeb. sosTenisa da efTvime
neebma ar icodnen monofizituri dogmatika, amitomac sakadrisi pasuxi ver

gas ces sosTe ns, ` ver wina aRud ges
umecrebisaTvis wignTa maTTasa~. 182 amitomac moiwvies im dros ierusalimidan
grZelis saRvTismetyvelo kamaTis dawyebisTanave gamoCnda qarTveli RvTismsaxuris upiratesoba. sosTeni dacinviTa da ampartavnuli sizviadiT SeekiTxa
efTvimes, Tu romeli gziT mivida kreba-
samSobloSi Camosuli qarTveli beri

efTvime grZeli, imJamad myofi anCeli
mTavarepiskoposis karze. igi mefesTan
ze. qarTvelma berma upasuxa, rom igi

movida upirvelesad ierusalimidan, iakob mociqulis sasaydro qalaqidan, Sem-
RrtilaSi Cavida anCel episkoposTan erTad. `sjulis gamoZieba~ yofila mTavari mizani qarTveli da somexi moweseebis Sexvedrisa. am `gamoZiebis~ Sedegs
deg antioqiidan da romidan petre mociqulis saydridan, aleqsandriidan wmida

markoz maxareblis saydridan, konstantinopolidan ioane maxareblis sasaydro
udidesi gamoZaxili unda mohyoloda
qalaqidan. àmaT saydarTa sapatriaqoTa-
`sityvis geba be risa ef Time g rZlisa, sosTen is mimarT, so mexT mo ZRvris a~, saq arTvelo s samo Txe,
gamo cemuli gobron (miqael) sab ininis mier, 1882, gv. 615; 182 iqve , gv. 615; 183 iqv e, gv. 616.
181
386
gan moval da wmidaTa eqvsTa krebaTa
eklesia aRiarebda ukve mowveuli Svidi
marTali aRsareba mimiRebies da mtkice

da WeSmariti sarwmunoeba miswavies da
aw mosrul var, raTa vamxilo borotad
madideblobasa Tqvensa~. 184
msoflio eklesiis burjebi _ xuTi
krebis avtoritets, efTvimes mier eqvsi

krebis moixsenieba imiT unda yofiliyo
gamowveuli, rom kanonikur kodeqsSi marTlac Setanili iyo ara Svidi, aramed
eqvsi krebis mier gamotanili kanonebi,
msoflio sapatriarqo ierusalimisa, antioqiisa, romisa, aleqsandriisa, konstantinopolisa im droisaTvis qalkedonituri iyo, e.i. qarTveli moZRvris
radgan V konstantinopolis (553 w.) da

VI (681 w.) msoflio krebebs saeklesio
kanonebi ar gamoutaniaT, es xarvezi
Seavso konstantinopolis, e.w. trulis
sarwmunoeba efuZneboda msoflio eklesiis

swavlebas _ mrwamss. msoflio eklesiis
avtoritets da msoflio patriarqebis
Tanamorwmuneebad dasaxva gvagonebs kirion I qarTlis kaTalikosis pasuxs somexi
kaTalikosisadmi. somexi istorikosebic
movses kalankatuaci da uxtanesi werdnen, rom berZnebma, `sadac ki maxarebeli iyo dakrZaluli, iq sapatriarqo
saydrebi daaarseso~, e.i. konstantinopolis kaTedra sapatriarqo saydrad gamoacxades iq ioane maxareblis dakrZalvis gamo, aseve aleqsandria markoz
691 wlis krebam 102 kanoniT. e.i. kanonebi gamoitanes: 1. nikeis I msoflio krebam 325 wels (20 kanoni); 2. konstantinopolis, 381 wlis II krebam (7 kanoni);
3. efesos 431 wlis III krebam (8 kanoni); 4. qalkedonis 451 wlis IV krebam
(30 kanoni); 5. trulis krebam 691 wels
(102 kanoni); 6. nikeis 787 wlis VII
krebam (22 kanoni). msoflio krebaTagan
kanonmdebeli iyo marTlac eqvsi saeklesio kreba. Cans, amitomac axsenebda
efTvime grZeli eqvs msoflio krebas da
ara Svids. efTvime ambobs _ `sapatri-
maxareblis gamo. mociqulTa naRvawi iyo

ierusalimi, antioqia da romi. Cans,
sosTens marTlac hqonda Seswavlili
somxuri sasuliero xasiaTis wignebi,
rogorc avtori aRniSnavs, radganac msoflio eklesiaSi sapatriarqo saydarTa
(kaTedraTa) daarsebas gamowvlilviT mi-
aqoTagan moval da wmidaTa eqvsTa krebaTa marTali aRsareba mimiRebies~. 185 aq

àRsarebis~ qveS unda igulisxmebodes,
rogo rc aRi niSna, krebaTa kanon ebi.
safiqrebelia, rom efTvimes ara mxolod
codna SeuZenia am kanonebisa, aramed
Cans, aRniSnuli msoflio krebebis kanon-
moixilavda imdroindeli somxuri saeklesio istoriografia da mwerloba.

sosTenTan kamaTisas efTvime grZeli
eyrdnoboda èqvsi msoflio krebis~ kanonebs. rogorc cnobilia, somxuri eklesia cnobda mxolod pirvel-sam msoflio krebas da ar aRiarebda sxva krebebs
qalkedonis IV krebis Semdeg mowveulT.
Rrtilas krebis droisaTvis (X s-is bolo
an XI s-is pirveli naxevari) msoflio
ebi, anu àRsareba~ Targmnili saxiT

Camoutania saqarTveloSi. yovel SemTxvevaSi, swored Rrtilas krebis epoqaSi
qarTvelebs didi interesi gamouCeniaT
kanonikuri mwerlobis mimarT da amitomac eqvTime mTawmidels Seudgenia `mcire
rjuliskanoni~. manamde X s-is dasawyisSi,
grigol oSkels uTargmnia Txzulebebi
grigol nazianzelisa, romelSic I da II
msoflio krebaze ganxilul sakiTxTa
184
saq arTvel os samoTxe, 1882, gv. 617;
185
iqv e, gv. 617.
387
irgvliv iyo msjeloba. marTalia, es Tx-
Tenis monasteri iyo. ierusalimis, an-
zuleba ufro dogmatikur-polemikuri xasiaTisa yofila, vidre kanonikuri, ma-
tioqiis, romis, aleqsandriis, konstantinopolis avtoritets, cxadia, argin-
gram Cans, qarTvelebi IX-X ss-Si seriozulad iyvnen dainteresebuli kanonikiT, radganac somxuri eklesiis Rrmad
ganswavlul mecnierebTan uxdebodaT
kamaTi. eqvTime mTawmidels sagangebod
as avtoriteti ver Seedreboda. nestori,

severiosi da petroz mkawvreli iyvnen
cnobili eresiarqebi. Tavis droze arseni safarelis wyaros (romlis safuZvelzec dawerili iyo Txzuleba `ganyofi-
Seudgenia qarTuli kanonikuri krebuli, romelic Sedgenili yofila tru-
saTvis somexTa da qarTvelTa~) miaCnda,

rom zemoaRniSnuli wvalebebisaken mi-
lis 691 wlis kanonebisa da basili didis

kanonebis safuZvelze, romelsac damatebuli hqonia Cveni gansaxilveli Temi-
idrika somxuri eklesia garkveul istoriul periodebSi. efTvime grZelma

mouTxro krebasa da sosTens istoria
saTvis saintereso kanonebi qarTul da
s o mx u r i e k l e si i s a , s w o r ed
somxur eklesiaTa Sesaxebac. eqvTimes

mier Sedgenili kanonikuri miTiTebani
somxuri eklesiis Sesaxeb uTuod didad
gamoadgeboda qarTvel polemistebs somx-
rogorc es gadmocemulia arsen safarelis TxzulebaSi (rom IV krebamde somxuri eklesia iziarebda msoflio eklesiaSi arsebul dogmatikas, IV s-is bo-
uri eklesiis moZRvrebTan kamaTisa da

samwysos aRzrdis dros. yovel SemTxvevaSi, Rrtilas krebis dros amgvari
Txzulebis saWiroeba sagrZnobi gaxda,
los somxeTi sparseTma daipyro, somxebi ganSordnen berZnebs, rom sparseTis

Sahis xosros dros Sedga somxuri eklesiis kreba dvinSi, romelmac abdiSo
ra dgan ac, miu xed avad qa rTve li

mRvdelmTavrebis RrtilaSi yofnisa,
`vervin winaaRudga mas~ (e.i. sosTens),
maSin, roca igi `gamoZiebas hyofda winaSe
asuris meoxebiT miiRo iakobitTa sarwmunoeba, es moxda nerses kaTalikosis

dros, rom grigol ganmanaTlebelma ixila Cveneba somxuri eklesiis mwvale-
mefisa sjulisaTvis Cuenisa~. 186

efTvime grZelma qarTvelTa sarwmunoebrivi aRmsareblobis marTebulobis
msoflio eklesiis avtoritetiT damtkicebis Semdeg, piriqiT Seutia sosTens
blobaSi Caflobis Sesaxeb da ase Semdeg). efTvime grZelma somxuri eklesiis istoriis gadmocemisas Tavis wyarod
daasaxela `patmonaTa~. patimoToni, anu
`patmonaTa~ warmoadgenda istoriuli xa-
_ `Sen vina moxval ara uwyi, arginaiT

da marmaSeniT moxuala da mogaqvs wualeba nestorisa da severiosisa da petroz
siaTis Txzulebas, igi Seqmnili yofila

somex qalkedonistTa wreSi da warmoadgenda somxuri eklesiis istorias, vi-
mkawvralisa da ikadreb yvedrebad ersa

RvTisasa da wina ganwyobad wmidisa marTlisa sarwmunoebisa~.
arginaSi im droisaTvis isxdnen somexi
dre VIII s-mde. 187 es wigni qarTulad

ZvelTaganve yofila Targmnili, XVI sis mawyvereli episkoposi ioakimesaTvis
safaris monasterSi gadawerili erTi
patriarqebi, xolo marmaSeni TviT sos-
piri gamoaqveyna T. Jordaniam. 18 8 misi
i s ev e ,
saq arTvel os samoTxe, 1882, gv. 616; 187 k. kekeliZ e, Zve li qarT uli lit eraturis isto ria, I, gv.
490 ; 188 T. Jordania, qron ikebi, I. gv. 336.
186
388
ganxilvidan Cans, rom patimoToni gamouy-
efTvimes sityviT, igi antioqiis sapa-
enebia arsen safarels Tavis erT-erT

wyarod `ganyofisaTvis~ daweris dros.
sosTens polemikisas gamouyenebia agreTve
somxuridan Targmnili Txzuleba `xilva grigol ganmanaTlebelisa~ da `Cvene-
triarqo taxtidan samarTlianad CamougdiaT liturgiis dros, radganac yovladwmida qalwuli mariami RvTismSoblad ar uRiarebia nestoris gavleniT
(e.i. petre fuloni ara mxolod monofiz-
ba sahak kaTalikozisa~. am bolo CvenebebSi

naTqvami yofila, rom somexTagan marTlmadideblobis uaryofis Semdeg àRmobrwyindes CrdiloT mTavari igi didi
itobaSi imxileboda, aramed nestorianobaSic). sosTeni didad aqebda mas,

efTvime ki somexTa maswavleblad warmoadgenda. es petre (fuloni, anu mkawvre-
uwyebiT tomisagan daviTisa da aRorZ-
bagr atione bi ebra elTa mefewinaswarmetyvelis, daviTis STamomavlebad miiCneodnen, e.i. daviTis tomisagan.
CrdiloeTs saqarTvelos uwodebdnen IXX ss-Si, e.i. nawinaswarmetyvelebi yofila, rom saqarTveloSi aRmobrwyindebian
daviTis tomisagan bagrationi mefeebi,
romelnic gaarCeven monofizit-qalkedon itTa dav as m arTl madi debe lTa
sasargeblod. esaa bagrationTa im qebis
li) antioqiis taxtidan Camogdebis Semdeg misula somxeTSi _ `mivida ra queyanad Tquenda, aRavso borotiTa wvalebiTa da Seacduna eri igi uswavleli~. 191
petre mkawvrels qarTlSic moundomebia
Tavisi swavlebis gavrceleba, Semosula
qarTlSi, sadac mas daxvedria qarTlis
mTavarepiskoposi miqaeli, romelmac `qviTa gantvina igi~. petre mkawvreli qarTlSi CauqolavT: `netarman miqail da krebulman misman saRmrToman, ukeTuri igi
daqoles~. 192 Rrtilas krebaSi Zleuli
da Sercxvenili sosTeni wavida somxeT-
gagrZeleba, romelic qarTul eklesiaSi

miRebuli iyo jer kidev grigol xanZTelis droidan. sosTenTan kamaTisas
efTvime iyenebs msoflio eklesiis didi
maswavleblebis, aTanase didis, basili
didis, grigol RvTismetyvelis saxelebs,
viTarca isini `wamebeno~. maTi Txzule-
Si da daubrunda Tavis monasters. krebaze damswre mefem da mRvdelmTavrebma

efTvime grZels saTanado pativi miages,
mis paeqrobaSi gamarjvebas didi mniSvneloba hqonia, is ìqmna Zegl marTlisa
sarwmunoebisa~. 19 2
Zvel saqarTveloSi gansakuTrebuli
bebi am berisaTvis nacnobi unda yofiliyo. efTvime, ise rogorc marTlmadidebluri samyaro, aRSfoTebuli iyo `samwmidaobis~ galobaSi sityvebis `mama, Ze
da suliwmidis~ CarTviT, romliTac gamodioda, rom jvarze yovladwmida sameba
gaekra, rac mkrexelobaa. aRniSnuli sityvebi samwmidaobis galobaSi CaurTavs
V s-is cnobil monofizit eresiarqs
petre fulons, anu petroz mkawvrals. 190
siZulviliT sZuldaT petroz mkawvrali, viTarca wvalebis fuZemdebeli da

warmwymedeli msoflio qristianTa erTi
nawilisa. marTlmadideblobis medgar
damcvelT saamayod miaCndaT, rom petre
saqarTveloSi Caqoles sarwmunoebisaTvis
moSurne qarTvelebma. Taobebs sarwmunoebrivi moSurneobis Tvalxilul Zeglad
miaCndaT is adgili qvemo qarTlSi, sadac aRmarTuli iyo qvebis grova, rom-
i nd es sul i T a RvT i saT a da ganar Ci o s yo vel i keTi l ad pat mo Tani sa Tqueni sagan~.189
189
saq arTvel os samoTxe, 1882, gv. 617;
19 0
iqve , gv. 619;
19 1
iqve , gv. 620;
19 2
iqv e, gv. 621.
389
lis ZirSic petre mkawvralis Caqolili
urC eqmnas saydrisagan ganiyvanon. xolo
gvami egdo. amitomac unda iTqvas, rom

albaT es momenti ar iqna gaTvaliswineb-
SeWura miqel sulman wmidaman... warmovida mcxeTiT mis queSeTa episkopos-
uli, roca XX s-is qarTvelma mkvleva reb ma ga moa cx ade s, ro m T iTq os da

qarTulma eklesiam V s-Si avtokefalia
miiRo petre fulonis (mkawvrelis) xeliT, TiTqosda manve akurTxa pirveli
Ta da mRudelTa Tana da erisa morwmunisa da moiwivnes queyanasa kangarisasa...

movida miqel kaTalikozi da Tayuanisca
winaSe
sa ydar sa
mis
petr os
mkawvrelisasa... STamozidna Zlierad da
qarTveli kaTalikosi petre. aseTi Tvalsazrisi saerTod ar eTanadeba ZvelqarTu-
STamoiTria qveyanad daakueTa da dasca

qviTa miT, romel aqunda qudsa Sina
li istoriografiis monacemebs. kerZod,

qarTlis kaTalikosi petre ierarqi gaxda mTavarepiskopos miqaelis Semdeg. am
missa da gantvina... maSin yovelTa misTana myofTa episkoposTa da moyuasTa

misTa dakribes mis zeda qva da Seer-
mTavarepiskopos miqaels ki Cauqolavs
acxa maT simarTled kacis kvla igi~. 193
petre
petre
movida
b ul i
fuloni, maSasadame, maSin, roca

qarTlis kaTalikosi antioqiidan
qarTlSi, petre fuloni Camogdey o f il a t a xt i da n , d a a r aT u
aqedan Cans, rom 1. ZvelqarTuli saeklesio tradiciiT, qarTlis pirvel kaTalikos petremde qarTul eklesiaSi iyo
ara mxolod erTi episkoposi, aramed
Camogdebuli, aramed ukve mkvdaric yofila. Tu TviTon petre mkawvreli ar miiRes qarTlSi, mis mier nakurTx kaTalikozs miiRebdnen?! movusminoT wyaros:
episkoposTa simravle; 2. kaTalikosi

qarTuli eklesiisa petre ar iyo nakurTxi antioqiis patriarq petre fulonis (mkawvralis) mier. sabolood unda
`movida zvavi igi kangarasa da mouwoda

netars miqels kaTalikozsa qarTlisasa,
raTa anu sjulsa missa eziarnen anu
iT qv as, r om Rr til as kr eb as mT el
saqarTveloSi saukuneTa manZilze hqonia didi gamoZaxili.
390
antioqiis II saeklesio kreba (1056-1057 ww.)

(qarTuli eklesiis uflebaTa dadastureba)
wmida mama giorgi mTawmideli qarTuli eklesiis avtokefalias uwodebda
`didsa da maRal saqmes~, romlis xelyofis ufleba aravis hqonda msoflioSi,
Tundac wmida mociqul petres taxtze
mjdom antioqiis patriarqsac ki.
msoflioSi arsebobs erTi sayovelTao
eklesia, romlis Tavia ufali ieso qriste,
raTa aRsruldes wmida werilSi gacxadebuli uflis neba - èrT mwyems da
erT samwyso~. es erTiani eklesia WeSmariti rwmenis, anu marTlmadideblobis
mcvelia, amitomacaa nabrZanebi sarwmunoebis simboloSi _ `mrwams erTi wmida, kaTolike (e.i. sayovelTao) da samociqulo eklesia~. es suliT erTiani eklesia ar imarTeba raime saerTo-sayovelTao centris mier. Tavisufali administraciuli mmarTvelobis neba miniWebuli aqvs sxvadasxva avtokefalur
saeklesio erTeuls wmida mociqulTa
droidan. pirveli avtokefaluri eklesiebi daaarses wmida mociqulebma, avtokefaluri imdenad, ramdenadac saeklesio
Temi, romelsac episkoposebi hyavda,
admi nis trac iul ad ar emo rCil ebo da
s x v a s , ro m e l i m e m e o r e s . e k l e s i i s
mmarTvelobis es wesi gadmocemulia mociqulTa kanonebis 34-e muxlSi: `yvela
eris episkoposebma unda icodnen maT
Soris pirveli da Tavi episkoposi da
araferi zedmeti ar unda gaakeTon mis
gareSe, aramed yoveli maTgani mxolod
imas unda akeTebdes, rac sasargebloa
misi eklesiisaTvis da misTvis daqvemdebarebuli soflebisaTvis. magram nurc
pi rvel i e pis kopo si nu gaak eTe bs

nurafers sxvebTan SeTanxmebis gareSe,
vinaidan mxolod ase SeiZleba aResrulos erTneboba da ididos RmerTi uflis mier suliwmidiT~. 194
mociqulTa dros da maT Semdeg qristianoba ar warmoadgenda saxelmwifo
sarwmunoebas, amitom saeklesio TavisTavadobis, anu avtokefaliis are isazRvreboda èriT~, anu `naTesaviT~. e.i. episkoposis xelisufleba vrceldeboda eTnikur jgufebze, xalxebsa da erebze. mociqulTa 34-e kanonidan Cans, rom eris,
anu `naTesavis episkoposi~ Tavis moqmedebisaTvis Tanxmobas iRebs ara sxva,
romelime ucxo an mezobeli èris~
episkoposisagan, aramed Tavis eris SigniT moRvawe episkoposebisagan. aqedan Cans,
rom èris~, anu `naTesavis~ mTavari
episkoposebi avtokefalurebi iyvnen.
rogorc cnobilia, Tavdapirvelad
qristianoba gavrcelda romis imperiaSi. am imperiaSi administraciuli
mmarTvelobis erTeuls warmoadgenda
provincia, romlis sazRvrebi xSirad
emTxveoda dapyrobili an damorCilebuli xalxis eTnikuri gansaxlebis sazRvars. provincia xSirad erovnuli erTeuli iyo. amitomac zogierTi kanonisti Tvlis, rom mociqulTa 34-e kanonSi
èris~, anu `naTesavis~ qveS igulisxmeba provincia. maSasadame, am kanonis Sesabamisad, TiToeul romaul provinciaSi episkoposebi unda daqvemdebarebodnen TavianTi provinciis mTavar episkoposs, romelic avtokefaluri iyo. ze-
didi sjul iskano ni, wmida mo ciqulT a kano nebi, muxli 34, saq arTvel os ekl esiis
1987 , gv. 166.
19 4
kalendari,
moT aRniSnulidan gamomdinare, cnobili
kanonistebis Tanaxmad, romis imperiaSi
IV s-is dasawyisisaTvis yoveli provincia avtokefaluri iyo, anu imperiaSi
arsebobda imdeni avtokefaluri eklesia, ramdeni provinciac iyo. imperiaSi
iyo 100-ze meti provincia, e.i. IV s-is
dasawyisisaTvis mxolod imperiaSi 100ze meti avtokefaluri eklesia iyo. 195
èrovnul-eTnikur niadagze Seqmnili saepiskoposoebis arseboba cno 314
wels ankiraSi gamarTulma adgilobrivma saeklesio krebam. am krebis me-18
kanoniT, zemoT dasaxelebuli saepiskoposoebi Tanasaworad da damoukideblad
gamocxadda. es dadgenileba daadastura nikeis msoflio saeklesio krebis me4, me-5 da antioqiis adgilobrivi saeklesio krebis (344 w.) me-9, me-14, me-15,
me-19 da me-20 kanonebma, 196 magram saqme
is iyo, rom bizantiis imperiis farglebSi Semavali erovnuli eklesiebis
saepiskoposoebidan yvela ver axerxebda
damoukideblobis SenarCunebas, maT ar
Sveloda dasaxelebul krebaTa dadgenil ebani, raTa Tavi damou kideb lad
egrZnoT. imperiis farglebSi moqceul
eklesiaTa Soris adridanve damyarda
urTierToba, romelic dafuZnebuli iyo
ama Tu im eklesiis SedarebiT siZliereze
da am qalaqTa politikur mniSvnelobaze, saerTod ki qristianTaTvis am qalaqis qristianuli Temis saerTo eklesiur avtoritetze~. 197
romis imperiaSi qristianobis saxelmwifo sarwmunoebad gamocxadebisas
imperia dayofili iyo oTx umTavres administraciul erTeulad, romelSic Sediodnen ufro mcire administraciuli
erTeulebi diocezebi, es ukanasknelni
19 5
391
ki Sedgebodnen provinciebisagan, Cveni

gansaxilveli droisaTvis. dioklitianes
Semdeg imperia oTx nawilad iyo dayofili (tetrarqati), romelsac marTavdnen ori imperatori (avgustusi) da ori
keisari. wmida imperatorma konstantine
I-ma SeinarCuna saxelmwifo teritoriis
dayofa 4 prefeqturad, romelTagan TiToeuli 12 diocezad iyofoda.
eklesia sasurvelad miiCnevda saeklesio iurisdiqciis sazRvari damTxveoda saxelmwifo administraciuls, imis
Semdeg, rac qristianoba saxelmwifo
religiad gamocxadda, es daadastura
Semdgom Semdgarma IV msoflio krebamac. magram, meore mxriv, qristianobis
saxelmwifoebriv rangSi ayvanam gaaZliera dedaqalaqebSi msxdomi episkoposebis avtoriteti, gaafarTova maTi gavlenis sferoebi, dedaqalaqSi imperatorTan sxvadasxva mniSvnelovani sakiTxis
gadasaWrelad, saCivriT Tu TxovniT misuli provincieli episkoposebis sakiTxis
gadaWras imperatori avalebda dedaqalaqis
episkoposs, e.i. episkoposebi ukve Tanasworni aRar iyvnen. erTi daemorCila
meores. uzomod gaizarda romis episkoposis avtoriteti, aRmosavleTSi imperatorTa da keisarTa sajdomi qalaqebis
_ aleqsandriisa da antioqiis eklesiaTa meTaurebis iurisdiqciis sazRvrebi
gafarTovda mezobel provinciaTa eklesiebis gavlenis sferoebis xarjze. III msoflio krebam Tavisi yuradReba miapyro am
sakiTxs. moiTxova procesis SeCereba,
uwoda mas eparqiaTa mtacebloba, mamaTa
kanonebis darRveva, e.i. CaTvala Tavdapirveli eklesiisaTvis ucnob praqtikad,
saeklesio wesTa SeSlad.
. , , , 7; .,
, wignSi mT.e p. a. jafariZe, saqarTve los samociq ulo eklesiis istoria, I, 1996, gv. 185203; 19 6 Ublekzyjd G&^ Vbnhjgjkbns d gthdst nhb dtrf [hbcnbfycndf^ V&^ 1905^ c& 226-227$ 19 7 v. goilaZe,
qarTuli eklesiis saTaveebTan, 1991, gv. 14.
392
431 wels Semdgar III msoflio eklesiis krebas saCivriT mimarTa kviproselma episkoposma. am krebis me-8 muxli
aseTia: `kviproselma episkoposebma (riginosi, zinoni da evagre) efesis krebas
warudgines sityvieri da werilobiTi
saCivari imis Sesaxeb, rom antioqiis
episkoposi moqmedebda saeklesio wesTa
da wmida mamaTa kanonis sawinaaRmdegod, rodesac bedavda kviprosze xeldasx mas. kr ebis ga nCinebi s Tanax mad,
kviprosel episkoposebs saeklesio kanonebisamebr TviT unda hqondeT Tavisive
episkoposebis xeldasxmis ufleba. es wesi
Seucvlelad daculi unda iyos sxva
gansagebelTa (olqTa) da eparqiaTa mimarTac. nurc erTi episkoposi nu miitacebs sxva eparqias, romelic Tavidanve
da ZvelTaganve ar emorCileboda mas da
ar iyo mis winamorbed saydrismpyrobelTa gamgeblobis qveS, xolo Tu vinme
miitacebs da daimorCilebs sxvis eparqias iZulebiT, ganTavisuflebuli unda
iyos igi, raTa ar dairRves mamaTa kanoni da mRvdelmTavrebSi Tavi ar iCinos
saero mTavrobismoyvareobis ampartavnebam
da medidurobam. wmida msoflio krebam
daadgina agreTve, rom TiToeulma eparqiam wmidad unda daicvas Zveli Cveuleba da wesi. TiToeulma mitropolitma
unda waiRos am kanonis asli Tavisi
simtkicisaTvis. Tu vinme am dadgenilebis sawinaaRmdego wess Seasrulebs, msoflio kreba mas daumtkiceblad CaTvlis
da mas ar eqneba Zala~. 198
romis imperiis aRmosavleTis
dedaqalaqi konstantinopolis daarsebamde iyo antioqia, Sesabamisad, misi
episkoposis gavlenis sfero TandaTanobiT farTovdeboda. igi iWreboda iqamde
avtokefaluri eklesiebis sazRvrebSi,
19 8
akurTxebda iq axal episkoposebs, ganagebda maT Tavisi Sexedulebis Sesabamisad, magram, rogorc aRiniSna, msgavsi qmedeba dagmo III msoflio krebam
da saeklesio wesebis, mamaTa kanonebis
ux eS d ar Rv ev ad m ii Cn ia . 33 0 we ls
akurTxes romis imperiis axali dedaqalaqi konstantinopoli. konstantinopolis
epi skopo sis a vtori teti, viTa rca
dedaqalaqeli ierarqisa, TandaTanobiT
gaizarda, man mkveTrad SezRuda antioqieli patriarqis gavlenis sfero.
romis imperiis gayofis Semdeg, 395
wlidan bizantiis imperiis dedaqalaqis
episkoposi _ konstantinopolis patriarqi, faqtobrivad, Tavis gavlenas avrcelebda mezobel, iqamde avtokefalur
Trakiis, asiisa da pontos diocezTa
eklesiebze. am eklesiaTa episkoposebi
imperiis axal dedaqalaqSi midiodnen imperatoris karze TavianTi sakiTxebis gadasaWrelad. imperatori ki maTi saqmeebis ganxilvas avalebda dedaqalaqis patriarqs. IV msoflio qalkedonis krebam es ukve arsebuli praqtika iuridiulad gaaforma me-9, me-17 da 28-e kanonebiT. 451 wlidan, mas Semdeg rac pontos, asiisa da Trakiis eklesiebi daumorCiles konstantinopolis saydars,
TandaTanobiT iwyo Semcireba romis imperiaSi arsebuli avtokefaluri eklesiebis ricxvma, ise rom, rogorc kanonistebi (a. kartaSevi da sxvebi) miiCneven
VI s-is dasawyisisaTvis, romis imperiaSi mxolod eqvsi avtokefaluri eklesiaRa arsebobda: 1. romis, 2. konstantinopolis, 3. aleqsandriis, 4. antioqiis,
5. ierusalimis, 6. kviprosis. ase rom,
imperiaSi arsebuli 100-ze meti eklesiidan 200 wlis Semdeg mxolod eqvsi
avtokefaluri eklesia darCa. es eklesie-
didi sjul iskanon i, ekle siis k alendar i, 1987 , gv. 215.
bic erTiani, erTi saxelmwifos eklesiebi
iyvnen _ nawilni erTiani bizantiuri
eklesiisa. es asec unda yofiliyo saeklesio wesebis Tanaxmad, radganac erT
saxelmwifoSi erTi eklesia unda yofiliyo. magram bizantiis imperiis gareT arsebobdnen sxva avtokefaluri eklesiebic. maT Sesaxeb miuTiTebda II
msoflio krebis me-2 kanonis komentirebisas kanonisti balsamoni. II krebis me2 kanoni aseTia: èklesiaTa keTilad
gangebisa da mSvidobisaTvis arc erT
episkoposs ara aqvs ufleba gascdes
Tavisi eklesiis sazRvrebs da SeiWras
sxva eklesiis sazRvrebSi, raTa ar moaxdinos eklesiebis aRreva. kanonTa Tanaxmad, aleqsandriis episkoposi unda ganagebdes mxolod egviptis eklesiebs, aRmosavleTis episkoposni unda ganagebdnen mxolod aRmosavleTis eklesiebs. daculi unda iyos nikeis kanonebiT dawesebuli pativi antioqiis eklesiisa. asiis
soflebis episkoposni unda ganagebdnen
mxolod asiis ekl esiebs, po ntoeli
episkoposni unda marTavdnen mxolod
pontos eklesiebs, xolo Trakiis episkoposni _ mxolod Trakiis eklesiebs~. 199
maSasadame, 381 wlisaTvis II msoflio krebam aRmosavleTSi CamoTvala
Se mdeg i av toke fal uri ekle sieb i:
aleqsandriisa, antioqiisa, asiisa, pontosi, Trakiisa. imperiaSi, cxadia, iyvnen
sxva avtokefaluri eklesiebi, xolo imperiis gareT II msoflio krebis me-2
kanonis komentirebisas XII s-is patriarqma balsamonma daasaxela sxva avtokefaluri eklesiebi: `nu gaikvirveb,
Tu sxva eklesiebsac ipovi avtokefalurad, rogorc magaliTad, eklesiebs bulgareTisa, kviprosisa da iberiis eklesiebs.
bulgareTis episkoposi pativSi aiyvana
19 9
didi sjuliskanoni, dasax . naSr. gv. 210;
200
393
iustiniane mefem, waikiTxe misi 131-e

novela... kviprosis arqiepiskoposi pativSi aiyvana mesame msoflio krebam,
xolo iberiis arqiepiskoposi pativSi
aiyvana antioqiis krebis dadgenilebam,
amboben maSin, rodesac RvTaebrivi qalaqis didi antioqiis uwmides patriarqad
iyo ufali petre, gamotanil iqna krebis dadgenileba, rom iqnes Tavisufali
da av tokefalu ri ekles ia iberi isa,
romelic maSin eqvemdebareboda antioqiis patriarqs~. 200
antioqieli sasuliero moRvaweebi
saukuneTa manZilze eswrafodnen, rogorme
warmoeCinaT antioqiis eklesiis Zveli
dideba, misi iurisdiqciis gavrceleba.
konstantinopolma, rogorc viciT, Seamcira am eklesiis gavlenis sfero, amitomac antioqielTa Semdegi Taobebi cdilobdnen sazRvrebis rac SeiZleba farTo Cvenebebs, zogjer araswori cnobebis mowodebiTac. amis TvalsaCino magaliTia balsamonis zemoT moyvanili cnobac, magaliTad, kviprosis eklesiasTan
da ka vS ire bi T. b als am on i w er s, r om
`kviprosis episkoposi pativSi aiyvana
mesame msoflio krebam~, e.i. mianiWa avtokefalia kvipross, magram Cven viciT
III msoflio krebis me-8 kanonidan, rom
kviprosis eklesias am msoflio krebam
avtokefalia ki ar mianiWa, aramed piriqiT, daadastura am eklesiis Zveli avtokefalia, e.i. daicva igi antioqiis
eklesiis `mtaceblobisagan~. maSasadame,
roca balsamoni wers, rom krebam `pativSi aiyvana~ romelime eklesiis arqiepiskoposi, sinamdvileSi igulisxmeba
ukve arsebuli avtokefaliis dadastureba
am krebis mier. am kuTxiT Tu SevxedavT
balsamonis cnobebs iberiis eklesiasTan
dakavSirebiT, SeiZleba vigulisxmoT, rom
geo rgika, t. 8, 1979 w., gv. 18.
394
misi cnoba ìberiis arqiepiskoposi pativSi aiyvana antioqiis krebis dadgenilebam~, sinamdvileSi niSnavs ìberiis
eklesiis Zveli avtokefalia daadastura antioqiis krebis dadgenilebam~, aseTi varaudis uflebas iZleva, rogorc
aRiniSna, kviprosis eklesiis avtokefaliis balsamoniseuli gageba.
II msoflio krebis me-2 kanoni Seexeboda IV s-is miwurulisaTvis arsebul
sxvadasxva avtokefalur eklesias da
icavda maT. rogorc zemoT iyo aRniSnuli, droTa viTarebaSi mravali avtokefaluri eklesia gauqmda, amitomac am
kanonis komentirebisas balsamoni Seaxsenebs mkiTxvels, rom saerTod arseboba sxvadasxva avtokefaluri eklesiisa
kanonieria da ar aris saeklesio wesebis darRveva. saqme is iyo, rom ukve VI
s-is Semdgom bizantiaSi warmoiSva e.w.
pentarqiis Teoria, romlis mixedviTac
TiTqosda kanonieri iyo mxolod 5 sapatriarqos (e.i. avtokefaluri eklesiis)
arseb oba: rom is, kons tantinop olis,
aleqsandriis, antioqiis, ierusalimis.
am TeoriiT izrdebodnen Taobebi, swored
maT Seaxsenebda da aswavlida kanonebis
mcodne Teodore balsamoni, rom zemoaRniSnulTa garda SeiZleba kidev arsebobdes sxva avtokefaluri eklesiebic, rom maT arsebobas akanonebdnen msoflio saeklesio krebebi. amasve adasturebda balsamonis dros arsebuli saeklesio praqtikac, roca namdvilad arsebobda avtokefaluri eklesiebi bulgareTisa, kviprosisa da iberiisa. maSasadame, balsamonisaTvis mTavaria ara is,
Tu romelma eklesiam rodis miiRo avtokefalia, aramed mtkiceba imisa, rom
zemoaRniSnul 5 sapatriarqos garda,
msoflioSi SeiZleba iyvnen kidev sxva
avtokefaluri eklesiebi da maTi arse-
boba ar aris saeklesio kanonebis darRveva. balsamoni cdilobs Tavisi drois
Sexeduleba pentarqiis Sesaxeb Secvalos Zveli msoflio saeklesio krebebis
kanonebis komentirebiT. aqedan gamomdinare, iberiis, kviprosisa da bulgareTis eklesiebis mier avtokefalurobis miReba-damtkicebis wlebi balsamonisaTvis mTavari ar aris. mTavaria maTi
avtokefaliis arsebobis faqti, amitomac kviprosis eklesiis avtokefaliis
sakiTxi Taviseburad warmoadgina, xolo
iberiis eklesiis mier avtokefaliis miRebis Sesaxeb yurmokruli ambavi mogvawoda: àmboben, rom _ wers igi, _ maSin,
roca antioqiis patriarqi iyo ufali
petre, gamotanil iqna krebis dadgenileba, rom iqnes Tavisufali da avtokefaluri eklesiebi iberiisa, romelic maSin eqvemdebareobda antioqiis patriarqs~ _ e.i. ìberiis arqiepiskoposi
pativSi aiyvana antioqiis krebis dadgenilebam~. rogorc aRvniSneT, aseve werda balsamoni kviprosis eklesiis Sesaxebac _ `kviprosis arqiepiskoposi pativSi aiyvana mesame msoflio krebam~, sinamdvileSi ki kviprosis eklesia avtokefaluri iyo I-II ss-dan, mociqulTa
droidan. TviTon erT-erTma mociqulma
iqadaga kviprosSi da daafuZna iq eklesia, yoveli eklesia (saepiskoposo) ki
II-III ss-Si avtokefaluri unda yofiliyo, Tu raime gansakuTrebuli mizezis
gamo ar hqonda avtokefalia dakarguli.
kviprosis eklesia, viTarca mociqulTa
droidan daarsebuli, avtokefaluri iyo
saukuneTa manZilze, swored amitom mimarTes saCivriT III msoflio krebas
kviproselma episkoposebma, roca maT avtokefalias antioqiis eklesia daemuqra.
krebam daicva kviprosis avtokefalia.
msoflio eklesiisaTvis cnobili iyo,
rom mociqulTa epoqaSi daarsebuli eklesiebi Tavidanve avtokefalurni iyvnen,
es codna arsebobda XI s-Sic, kerZod,
roca antioqiis eklesiam pretenzia ganacxada qarTuli eklesiis mimarT. pretenzia aseTi iyo _ ar SeiZleba qarTuli eklesia iyos avtokefaluri, radganac saqarTveloSi ar uqadagnia arc erT
mociquls, maSasadame, igi ar daarsebula mociqulTa epoqaSi, roca saerTod
Camoyalibda avtokefaliis safuZvlebi.
XI s-Si antioqiis patriarqTan mividnen
dainteresebuli pirebi da moaxsenes:
meufeo, iberiis eklesia amJamad avtokefaluria, radganac iqauri episkoposebi
ar eqvemdebarebian arc erT sxva sapatriarqos, yovelgvar saeklesio wess
TviTon adgenen da taxtze svamen TavianT kaTalikoss da episkoposebs, aseTi
qmedeba ki arakanonikuria, radganac arc
erT mociquls ar uqadagnia saqarTveloSi. amitomac umjobesia, Cveni mezobeli
iberia antioqieli patriarqis samociqulo saydars daemorCilos. 201 maSasadame,
XI s-is bizantiaSic jer kidev axsovdaT msoflio eklesiis Zveli wesi, roca
mociqulTa epoqaSi daarsebuli eklesiebi avtokefalurebi iyvnen. aseTad ki qarTuli eklesia ar miaCndaT. magram Tuki damtkicdeboda, rom mociqulma saqarTveloSi
iqadaga, maSin qarTuli eklesiis avtokefalia kanonikurad CaiTvleboda. swored
aseTi mizani hqonda giorgi mTawmidels
antioqiis sapatriarqo karze misvlisas
- daemtkicebina, rom saqarTveloSi mociqulma iqadaga. maSasadame, qarTuli
eklesiis arsebuli avtokefalia kanonikuria mociqulTa droidanve.
Cven mivuaxlovdiT gansaxilvel Temas _ àntioqiis II saeklesio krebas~.
201
Zeg l. II, 1967, gv. 152;
202
395
saukuneTa manZilze antioqiaSi Catarda

mravali saeklesio kreba, magram CvenTvis
sainteresoa is krebebi, romelnic Seexeboda qarTul eklesias. pirveli aseTi
kreba Catarebula VIII s-Si, xolo meore 1056-1057 wlebSi. am Sekrebis Sesaxeb cnoba daculia giorgi mciris SromaSi `cxovreba giorgi mTawmidelisa~.
aRniSnul wlebSi giorgi mTawmideli Sexvda antioqiis patriarqebs petres da
Teodosis. balsamonic `patriarq petres~
moixseniebs Tavis cnobaSi, romelic
zemoT mogaxseneT.
XI s-is pirvel naxevarSi daiZaba
urTierToba bizantiasa da saqarTvelos
saxelmwifoTa da, aqedan gamomdinare,
maT eklesiaTa Sorisac. sabednierod,
1054-1057 wlebSi mimdinareobda molaparakebebi saxelmwifoTa da eklesiaTa
meTaurebs Soris, romelic warmatebiT
dagvirgvinda. am molaparakebaTa nawils Seadgenda antioqiaSi mowveuli saeklesio Sekrebac. 202
bizantiasa da saqarTvelos Soris
daZabuloba Semdegma garemoebam warmoSva:
X s-is bolosa da XI s-is dasawyisSi
saqarTvelo gaerTianda, igi iqca kavkasiaSi uZlieres saxelmwifod. Cveni mematianis gancxadebiT, man moicva `yoveli kavkasia TviTmpyrobelobiT jiqeTidan
vidre gurganamde ~, gaerTianebuli
saqarTvelos mefe Tavisi siZlieris gamo
bizantiis imperatorisaTvis saSiSi gamxdara, `berZenTa mefeTa SiSi aqvnda amisi yovladve~. berZenTa imperatori basili II bulgarTmmusvreli gaanawyena
saqarTvelos mefem bagrat III-is Zem giorgi I-ma, roca igi `SeiWra bizantiis
sazRvrebSi~, raTa daebrunebina bagrat
kur apalat is me mkvidr eoba 1014-1 016
wlebSi. sapasuxod bizantiam daiwyo didi
a. jafariZe, saq arTvel os samo ciquli ek. is t., t. II, gv . 195-212.
396
omi saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg. 1021 wels
TviT imperatori basili SemouZRva Tavis
mravalricxovan armias saqarTveloSi,
qarTvelTa laSqari ramdenjerme damarcxda SemoWril mterTan brZolisas. basili II-is Semdgomma imperatorma konstantine VII-m gaagrZela saqarTvelos
winaaRmdeg omi, TviTon mxedarTmTavrobda
saqarTveloSi mebrZol Tavis armias.
qarTulma eklesiam mterTan brZolisas
daiWira mkveTri pozicia _ igi saTaveSi
Caudga saerTo-saxalxo oms bizantielTa winaaRmdeg. es ar iyo advilad gadasawyveti saqme, radganac imJamindeli
SexedulebiT bizantiis imperatorebi
saRvTo madlis udidesi matareblebi
iyvnen, bizantiis imperia ki burji marTlmadidebluri sarwmunoebisa. amitomac, Tavdapirvelad, samxreT saqarTveloSi SemoWril mters qarTveli mosaxleobis erTi nawili mtrulad ar daxvda,
piriqiT, mis mxares gadavida, magram male
qarTuli eklesiis mowodebiT qarTveli
xalxi gamofxizlda. qarTuli laSqris
damarcxebis Semdgom bizantielebTan oms
saTaveSi Caudgnen qarTveli episkoposebi saba mtbevari da ezra anCeli, aages
cixesimagre, maT gverdSi amoudga mosaxleoba. berZenTa uricxvi laSqari Semoudga cixes, magram qarTveli episkoposebi `TavTa TvisTa sikvdilad ganwirvides da sisxlTa dasTxevdes sityvisebr
mociqulTasa~. 203 qarTuli eklesiis msaxurTa Tavdadebam da magaliTma gamoafxizla eri da sabolood bizantielebma
ver SeZles qarTvelTa mefis damarcxeba, saqarTvelo ar daiSala, risi imedic mters hqonda.
bizantia-saqarTvelos omisas qarTuli eklesiis mkveTrma antibizantiurma
orientaciam ganarisxa ara mxolod bi203
zantieli politikosebi, aramed sasuliero pirebic. mTel bizantiis imperiaSi
daiwyo qarTuli eklesiis avtoritetis
umagaliTo SebRalva, sastiki devna qarTveli sasuliero da saero pirebisa. eWvi
Seitanes qarTvelebis marTlmadideblobaSic ki, qarTvel berebs devnidnen mTawmidaze _ iveronis monasterSi, Sav mTaze,
saerTod yvelgan, rogorc amas balkaneTSi arsebuli petriwonis qarTvelTa
monastris tipikoni, giorgi mTawmidelis
Tu giorgi mcires mier gadmocemuli ambebi da sxva wyaroebi miuTiTeben.
saubedurod, bizantia-saqarTvelos
omi, marTalia, periodulad, magram mainc
gagrZelda XI s-is 50-ian wlebamde. giorgi I-is dros, 1029-1030 wlebSi, zavi
daido da omi droebiT Sewyda. Semdgom,
marTalia, bizantielebi ukve uSualod
laSqriT aRar iWrebodnen saqarTveloSi, magram samagierod afinansebdnen separatistebsa da qarTveli mefis moRalateebs, umxedrebdnen did feodalebs.
a s eT i iy o b aR u a Se b i s s a g va r e ul o .
liparit baRuaSi ise gaaZlieres, rom
XI s-is 50-iani wlebis dasawyisSi mis
xelSi aRmoCnda aRmosavleT saqarTvelos yv ela didi cix e a rtan ujid an
kldekaramde. mematianis cnobiT, bagrat
IV-s mxolod dasavleT saqarTveloRa
darCa. bagrat IV iZulebuli gaxda Tavis
dedasTan erTad, cnobil diplomat da
saeklesio moRvawe (sqimonazon) mariamTan
erTad, samSvidobo zavis dasadebad Casuliyo konstantinopolSi.
sabednierod, saerTaSoriso viTareba
mkveTrad Seicvala saqarTvelos sasargeblod, im mxriv, rom bizantiisaTvis
saWiro Seiqna Zlieri saqarTvelos arseboba. saqme isaa, rom ukve XI s-is
dasawyisSi bizantiis aziuri terito-
riebis did nawils brZolebiT xelSi
iRebdnen Turq-seljukebi. 50-iani wlebisaTvis ukve gamoikveTa, rom bizantias
damoukideblad maTi damarcxeba ar SeeZlo. 50-ian wlebSi bizantia daadga
saqarTvelosTan daaxloebis gzas, romelsac safuZveli daedo 1054-1057 wlebSi
zemoaRniSnuli sazavo molaparakebis
dros. rogorc aRiniSna, saqarTvelos
mefe bagrat IV da dedamisi mariami qarTvel didebulebTan erTad Cavidnen konstantinopolSi da xangrZlivi molaparakebebi hqondaT bizantiis umaRles xelisuflebTan. am dros delegacias SeuerTda mTawmididan konstantinopolSi
Casuli giorgi mTawmidelic. qarTuli
eklesiis mnaTobma da bizantiis eklesiis didma avtoritetma giorgi mTawmidelma
bizantia-saqarTvelos saeklesio urTierTobaTa mogvarebis saqmeSi monawileoba
miiRo, radganac iqamde TiTqmis 30 wlis
manZilze qarTuli eklesia bizantielTagan devnili da Rirsebaayrili iyo. aseT
mdgomareobas ki or marTlmadidebel eklesiaTa Soris bolo unda moReboda:
`berZnebma daiwyes yovelgvari Seviwroeba
qarTveli berebisa, surdaT maTi gamoZeveba
aTonidan da agreTve sxva qarTuli monastrebidan, romlebic saberZneTSi mdebareobda. am mizniT berZnebma TavianTi
Seteva aTonze jer kidev 1019-1021 wlebSi
daiwyes, rodesac monastris winamZRvrad
giorgi I varazvaCe iyo... berZnebma jer
iyo da `yoveli mTa Tana-Seiwies~, xolo
Semdeg `saberZneTis didebulni da palatisa warCinebulni yovelni midriknes~,
amas zed daerTo maT mier qarTvelTa
yoveldRiuri ginebani, yvedrebani da fizikuri Seuracxyofanic ki. marTalia, am
sastiki Semotevis dros qarTvelebma mon-
397
asteri dainarCunes berZenTa mitacebisagan ... svimeonis winamZRvrobis dros (10411042 ww.) Seadgines mosaxsenebeli, romelSic moxseniebulia mokled istoria aTonTa
iveriis monastrisa~. 204
rogorc iTqva, qarTuli saeklesio
moRvaweni mTel bizantiis imperiaSi
idevnebodnen. ase iyo Sav mTazedac, antioqiis sanaxebSi, àTonze amtydari
brZolis gamoZaxilma Sav mTamdec miaRwia da iq myofi bizantieli berebic
ganimsWvalnen surviliT iqauri qarTuli monastrebidan misi kanonieri memkvidreni da patronni gamoeZevebinaT. am
m i zn i T sv i m e on w m i di s m on a s t er S i
qarTvelebs berZnebma ciliswameba dauwyes, rom isini ar arian `WeSmariti~
sarwmunoebis matarebelni, `mwvalebelTa~ jgufs ekuTvnian da ar icaven marTlmadidebluri eklesiis wes-Cveulebebs.
berZnebma `ganizraxes gularZnilobiT,
raTa wmidasa amas da marTalsa sarwmunoebasa Cuensa biwi raime daswamon. da
esreT sruliad aRmogvfxunes didebulisa amis lavrisa pirvelTagan TviT
wmidisa svimeonis mier damkvidrebulni~. 205
qarTuli eklesiis winaaRmdeg bizantiuri saxelmwifos mier waqezebuli
berZen sasuliero pirTa brZolis gamoZaxilia grigol bakurianis Zis mier petriwonis monastrisaTvis Sedgenili tipikoni, romlis 24-e TavSi vkiTxulobT:
`vamcneb amasa da Sjul debiT davamtkiceb, raTa araodes iyos monastersa Sina
Cemsa mkvidrobiT berZeni xucesi, anu
monazoni, romel arian bunebiT mZlavrni da angaharni da xelovanni, meSinis
Tu nuTu savnebeli da dasaklebeli raime
SeamTxvion monastersa ecadnen mamasaxlisobad xel-yofiTa, anu sxvisa raisme
saq . istor iis narkveveb i, III, 1979, gv. 384; 205 gio rgi mc ire, cx ovrebai gior gi mTawmidelisai,
Zvel i qarTuli agio grafiul i lite raturis Zegleb i, II, 149.
204
398
mizezisa saxiTa Tavisda Seqmnad inebon monastrisa romeli-ese mravalgzis gvixilavs
maTgan qmnilad Cuenisa naTesavisa umankoebisa da gulmartiobisagan. Tu ara, nebiTa
RmrTisaTa WeSmaritisa marTlmadideblobisa maTisa mimdgomni varT da aRmasrulebelni
da mowafeni maTni~. 206 berZnebi WeSmariti marTlmadidebelni
arian, Cven maTi mowafeni da
mimdgomni varT. e.i. Cvenc WeSmariti marTlmadidebelni varT,
magram berZnebi bunebiT mZlavrn i , a n ga r e b ia n i da b or o t
saqmeebSi daxelovnebulni arian, qarTvelebi ki bunebiT umankoni da gulmartivni varT,
meSinia, rogorc es saerTod
sxvagan moxda, roca mravalgzis inebes berZnebma qarTveli
berebis TavianTi monastrebidan
gamoyvana, aqac ise ar moxdes,
amitom erTi berZeni mwerlis
garda, sxva berZnebi Cems monasterSi ar gaCerdneno. marTalia, am tipikons xeli moewera XI s-is 8 0-ian wlebSi,
magram igi kargad asaxavs bizanti is imper iaSi qar Tvel
saeklesio pirTa devnas TiTqmis mTeli saukunis manZilze,
gansakuTrebiT ki 20-50-ian
wlebSi bizantia-saqarTvelos
omis dros.
rogorc aRiniSna, qarTuli eklesiis saqmeTa dadebiT ad g a da Wr a w a rm oa d ge nd a
1054-1057 wlebis molaparake-
baTa mniSvnelovan moments q. konstantinopolSi, saeklesio saqmeTa gadaWra

SeuZlebeli iyo antioqiisa da ierusalimis sapatriarqoTa gareSe. amitomac gadawyvetila antioqiasa da ierusalimSi gamgzavrebuliyvnen giorgi mTawmideli da
umaRlesi xelisufali saqarTvelos saxelmwifosi mefe bagrat IV-is deda,
cnobili diplomati mariami. mgzavroba
TviT bizantiis imperatoris mzrunvelobiT Sedga, dedofals imperatorisagan
miRebuli hqonda `brZaneba samefo Tavadisa Tana da patriarqisa antioqiisa~.
antioqiaSi mariam dedoflis Casvlamde
gaemgzavra giorgi mTawmideli imperatoris nebiTa da misi
werilobiTi
brZanebiT, igi `wigniTa sameufoATa Sav
mTasa miiwia~. 20 7
man Seamzada mariam dedoflis Sexvedra antioqiis patriarqTan: `xolo amisa
Semdgomad mariam dedofali, deda bagrat
mefisa, qalaqiT sameufoAT qalaqad antioqiad movida, rameTu eguleboda warsvlad wmidad qalaqad ierusalimed da
aqunda brZaneba sameufeo Tavadisa Tana
da patriarqisa antioqiisasa, raATa yovliTa didebiTa da pativiTa wargzavnon,
xolo patriarqman da mTavarman ganizraxes da gaigones TanazraxviTa mamisa giorgisiTa, viTarmed àra keTil ars, aRmosavlisa mefeTa deda raATamca sarkinozeTs warvida, vinaidan codviTa CuenTagan igini uflobdnen qveyanasa mas~. 208
antioqiis patriarqi im dros iyo
petre III, romelsac, Cans, ixseniebda
zemomoyvanil cnobaSi balsamoni, mas
Sexvdnen dedofali mariami da giorgi
mTawmideli, es iyo 1056 wels. rogorc
iTqva, dedofals xelT hqonda brZaneba imperatorisa, raTa mas Rirseulad
qar TvelTa monaste ri bul gareTSi da mis i tipik oni, a. SaniZe , t. IX, 1986, gv. 103. 207
g. mcire, dasax. naSr. gv. 14 3; 208 iqv e, gv. 144.
206
Sexvedrodnen da Semdgom ierusalimSi
gaemgzavrebinaT. es brZaneba exeboda
rogorc antioqiis patriarqs, ise antioqiis bizantiel umaRles xelisufals, `Tavads~.
cnobili kreba, romelic gaimarTa antioqiis sapatriarqoSi patriarq petres
dros, romelsac albaT miuTiTebs T. balsamoni, Sedga swored 1056 wels dedofal mariamisa da giorgi mTawmidelis
antioqiis patriarqTan Sexvedrisas.
Teodore balsamoni aRniSnuli krebidan TiTqmis 140 wlis Semdeg, 1193
wels arCeul iqna antioqiis patriarqad,
magram radganac antioqia im dros kaTolike jvarosanTa xelSi iyo, amitomac balsamoni konstantinopolSi moRvaweobda. jer kidev patriarqad arCevamde, man mogvca cnoba qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis Sesaxeb. rogorc
aRiniSna, am cnobebis dros misTvis mTavari iyo emtkicebina sasuliero wreebisaTvis, rom msoflioSi xuTi didi sapatriarqos garda, samarTlebrivad kidev
SeiZleba arsebobdes sxva avtokefaluri
eklesiebic, radganac saerTod, xuTi uZvelesi sapatriarqos garda sxva avtokefaluri adgilobrivi eklesiebis arseboba ukanonobad miaCndaT. balsamonma
daamtkica, rom avtokefaluri eklesiebis arseboba kanonieria, rom mis kanonikur safuZvels warmoadgens II msoflio krebis me-2 kanoni, sxva krebebis
kanonebTan erTad. am mtkicebas balsamonma iqve daurTo misTvis xelmisawvdomi Tu yurmokruli cnobebi eklesiebisaTvis avtokefaliis miniWebaTa
Sesaxeb. igi werda: ìberiis arqiepiskoposi pativSi aiyvana antioqiis krebis
dadgenilebam, amboben, rom maSin, rodesac RvTaebrivi qalaqis didi antioqiis
209
geo rgika, VIII, gv. 18.
uwmides patriarqad iyo ufali pet re, gamo tani l iq na

krebis dadgenileba, rom iqnes
Tavisufali da avtokefaluri
eklesia iberiisa, romelic maSin eqvemdebareboda antioqiis patriarqs~. 209
am cnobidan Cans, rom balsamons qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis Sesaxeb werilobiTi wyaro, raime dokumenti
xelT ar hqonia, magram man
ueWvelad icoda, rom qarTuli eklesia mis dros da iqamdec avtokef alur i iyo,
rogorc Cans, gamoukiTxavs da
misTvis miuwodebiaT zepiri
cnoba antioqiis patriarq petres dros iberiis eklesiisaTvis krebis mier avtokef a li i s m in i W e b is S e s ax e b .
maSa sadame , faqt ia is, rom
balsamonis dros iberiis eklesia avtokefaluria, magram
wer ilob iTi d okume nti mas
xelT ar hqonia.
aqedan gamomdinare, CvenTvis
cnobilia Semdegi monacemebi:
pirveli _ antioqiaSi 1056
wels marTlac Sexvdnen erTman eTs cn obili diplom ati
dedofali mariam, giorgi mTawmideli da antioqiis patriarqi petre III, meore mxriv, balsa mo nic m oi xse ni ebs r aR ac
krebas, romelic qarTuli eklesiis sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT, antioqiaSi gaimarTa patriarq petres dros. Tu am
monacemebs davujerebT, agreTve
imas, rom dedofal mariamis
399
400
saqarTveloSi gamgzavrebis Semdeg antioqiaSi patriarq petre III-sTan darCa

giorgi mTawmideli da maT xSiri saubrebi
hqondaT `saeklesio wesebze~, anu saeklesio sakiTxebze (giorgi mcires cnobiT), xolo am patriarqis gardacvalebis Semdeg axal antioqiis patriarq TeodosisTan giorgi mTawmidels marTlac
hqonda saubari qarTuli eklesiis sakiTxebze, unda vigulisxmoT, rom 10561057 wlebSi antioqiaSi marTlac gaimarTa Sekrebebi qarTuli eklesiis sakiTxTa gadasaWrelad, da es sakiTxebi
dadebiTad gadaiWra.
rogorc aRiniSna, dedofali mariami
apirebda ierusalimSi salocavad da, albaT, saeklesio sakiTxTa gadasaWrelad
gamgzavrebas, magram antioqiis patriarqma es aRar CaTvala saWirod. ierusalimSi dedofalma gaagzavna giorgi
mTawmideli, romelmac yoveli saeklesio sakiTxi moagvara (amave dros gadasca jvris monastris maSenebel mama
proxores dedoflis didi Senawiri) da
ukanve dabrunda mariam dedofalTan antioqiis sapatriarqoSi.
saeklesio sakiTxTa keTilad mogvarebam `RvTismsaxuri igi dedofali ganamxiarula~. 210 mariami iyo saeklesio moRvawe, monazoni da ara ubralo monazoni, aramed `sqimonazoni~, e.i. umkacresi
sulieri cxovrebiT moRvawe. misi `ganmxiaruleba~ ar SeeZlo araviTar qveyniur sikeTes, mxolod saeklesio saqmeTa mogvarebas SeeZlo misi `ganmxiaruleba~ da radganac dedofali kmayofili
dabrunda saqarTveloSi, unda vifiqroT,
rom qarTul-bizantiur saeklesio dapirispirebas dedoflis vizitiT ukve
safuZveli gamoecala; e.i. molaparakeba
antioqiasa da ierusalimSi warmatebiT
210
gio rgi mc ire, dasax. n aSr., gv. 14 5;
211
dasrulda, aseve warmatebiT dasrulda

bagrat IV-is molaparakebebi konstantinopolSi 1054-1057 wlebSi, or saxelmwifos Soris urTierTobis mogvarebas mtkice safuZveli Caeyara. danarCeni
winaaRmdegobani amave dros faqtobrivad TandaTanobiT unda mogvarebuliyo.
amaT mosagvarebladac unda darCeniliyo giorgi mTawmideli antioqiaSi.
1052-1056 wlebSi antioqieli patriarqi iyo petre III, romelTanac, rogorc
aRvniSneT, Sexvedra da saubari hqonda
dedofal mariamsa da giorgi mTawmidels.
kerZod, patriarqma TavisTan miixmo giorgi mTawmideli da èzraxa saRmrToTa
werilTagan mravalsaxed, pirvelad sarwmunoebisaTvis marTlisa da kanonTaTvis
saeklesioTa, da mere sulTa sargeblisaTvis, saTnoebisaTvis da vnebaTa~. 211
biografi aRniSnavs, rom saubari Seexo sxva sakiTxebTan erTad `saeklesio
kanonebs~. swored saeklesio kanonebis
darRvevaSi debdnen brals qarTul eklesias. kerZod, am dros XI s-is 50-ian
wlebSi ukve gaerTianebuli iyo qarTuli ekles ia d a mas ofic ialu rad
saqarTveloSi ukve uwodebdnen `sapatriarqos~. pirveli patriarqi qarTuli eklesiisa iyo melqisedek I (1010-1033),
romlis saxelsac ukavSirdeba saqarTvelos sapatriarqos daarseba. zogierTi
mecnieris azriT, antioqiis sapatriarqoSi
Semdgari saubrebi, Sexvedrebi Tu krebebi
ganixilavda ara qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis sakiTxs, aramed qarTuli eklesiis sapatriarqo Rirsebis cnobis sakiTxs. petre III-is Semdeg taxtze avida axali patriarqi da igi Seexo qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis sakiTxs, aman
gaaoca giorgi mTawmideli. es iyo iseTi
`friad didi da maRali saqme~, romli-
iqv e, gv. 148.
saTvis xelis Sevlebis ufleba ar hqonda antioqiis patriarqs, aqedan Cans,
rom petre III-is dros ar yofila ganxiluli qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis
sakiTxi da amitom arc antioqiis krebas
SeeZlo mieniWebina qarTuli eklesiisaTvis
avtokefalia 1056 wels, radganac qarTuli eklesiis avtokefalia im dros moiTvlida ara erT da or saukunes. maS, ra
sakiTxs ixilavden SexvedraTa dros?
Cans, saqme Seexo qarTuli eklesiis ukve
arsebuli sapatriarqo Rirsebis berZnul
eklesiaTagan aRiarebis sakiTxs. qarTuli eklesiis istoriis mkvlevari Cveni
Tanamedrove berZeni mitropoliti maqsime
qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliisadmi
miZRvnil Tavis wignSi wers: `mkvlevar
korolevskis azriT, petre III-is dros
qarTuli eklesiis uflebaTa gansazRvris
saWiroeba warmoSva iman, rom `saqarTvelos erT-erTma kaTalikosma TviTneburad
miikuTvna patriarqis pativi~. 212
marTlac, SesaZloa petre III-sTan
giorgi mTawmidelis saubris Tema, `saeklesio kanonebis~ ganxilvis dros, Seexeboda saqarTvelos eklesiis sapatriarqod
aRiarebis sakiTxsac. es sakiTxi, Cans,
dadebiTad gadaiWra, radganac petre III
da giorgi mTawmideli am saubrebis Semdeg gadaiqcnen uguliTades megobrebad
da patriarqi Tavis yvelaze mniSvnelovani wuTebis Jams, giorgi mcires cnobiT, gverdidan ar iSorebda giorgi mTawmidels. petre III-s saqarTvelos eklesiis
avtokefalia eWvqveS rom daeyenebina,
giorgi mTawmideli mas iseve ganurisxdeboda, rogorc patriarq Teodosis.
petre III-is Semdeg sapatriarqo saydari daiWira Teodosi III-m (1057-1059).
romelic Seexo qarTuli eklesiis av-
401
tokefaliis sakiTxs, pasuxad ki miiRo

giorgi mTawmidelis damajerebeli cnoba Sezavebuli sakadrisi ironiiT. iqamde ki berZenma berebma sxva brali dasdes qarTvelebs monofizituri mwvalebloba. gapatriarqebisTanave dainteresebulma pirebma Teodosis moaxsenes, rom
TiTqosda Savi mTis svimeonwmidis monasterSi cxovrobs 60 beri, romlebic
TavianT Tavs `qarTvelebs~ uwodeben,
magram si namdvileSi àra uwyiT Tu
qarTvelni arian, anu somexni da verc
xucesi maTi Jamsa wiravs monastersa
Sina Cuensa~. 213 patriarqi Seudga saqmis
gamoZiebas. mas Seaxvedres giorgi mTawmideli, romelTanac saubris Semdeg patriarqis yvela eWvi gabaTilda.
patriarqTan Sexvedra kvlav Sedga
1057 wels. amjerad ukve axali braldeba
wamoayenes berZnebma qarTuli eklesiis
winaaRmdeg `viTar ese meufeo, romel
e kl e si a n i d a m Rv d el T -m o Z Rv a rn i
qarTlisani ara romlisa patriarqsa xelmwifebasa queSe arian da yovelni saeklesioni wesni maT mier ganegebian da
TviT daismen kaTalikosTa da episkoposTa da ara samarTal ars ese, rameTu
aTormetTa mociqulTagani aravin misrul ars qveyanasa maTsa da jer ars,
raTa qalaqsa amas RmrTisasa da saydarsa mociqulTa Tavisasa daemorCilon da
amassa xelmwifebasa queSe iyvnen. rameTu
naTesavi ars umecari da samwysoA mcire
da Cuenda maxlobelad arian da jer
ars, raTa xelmwifebasa queSe antioqieli patriarqisasa imwysebodian da aqa
ikurTxeodis kaTalikozi maTi da viyvneT Cuen erT samwyso da erT mwyems~. 214
am moxsenebidan Cans Semdegi: 1. antioqielTa SexedulebiT, avtokefaluria mxo-
mit r. maqs ime, `saqarTv elos ek lesia da misi avtoke falia~, 1966. wignSi `saqar Tvelos samociqulo
ekle siis is toria~, t. II, gv. 230; 213 g. mcire, dasax. naSr., gv. 150; 214 iqv e, gv. 152.
212
402
lod im qveynis eklesia, romelSic iqadaga
qristes Tormet mociqulTagan erT-erTma; 2. qarTuli eklesia XI s-is 50-ian
wlebSi, faqtobrivad, avtokefaluria,
radganac arc erT ucxoel patriarqs ar
eqvemdebareba; 3. saqarTveloSi yovelive
saeklesio sakiTxi adgilzeve wydeba ucxoelTa Caurevlad; 4. saqarTvelos kaTalikosis arCeva da saydarze dasma xdeba
adgilzeve ucxo eklesiis Caurevlad.
antioqielebs ki surT qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis SebRalva. Cans, antioqiaSi petre III-sa da qarTuli delegaciis molaparakebaTa SedegebiT ukmayofilo pirebs surdaT revanSi aeRoT
axali patriarqis Teodosis dros da
gaeuqmebinaT miRweuli SeTanxmeba. amitomac, es pirebi ar zogavdnen saSualebas qarTuli eklesiis winaaRmdeg. jer
mas brali dasdes mwvaleblobaSi, Semdeg ki saeklesio kanonebis darRvevaSi,
radganac Tuki saqarTveloSi ar uqadagia mociquls, mas ufleba ar hqonda
avtokefaliisa. igi kanonikuri TvalsazrisiT, aseT SemTxvevaSi, unda damorCileboda mociqulTa mier daarsebul sxva
romelime samociqulo eklesias. giorgi
mTawmidelma moiTxova wigni `mimosvlaA
andrea mociqulisaA~, romlidanac Canda, rom and ria pirv elwodeb ulma
saqarTveloSi iqadaga. es ukve sakmarisi
iuridiuli safuZveli iyo qarTuli ekl es ii s av to ke fa li a -T av is Ta va do bi s
uflebisaTvis, e.i. am wignma srulebiT
daakmayofila patriarqi Teodosi, igi
darwmunda qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis kanonierebaSi.
Cvens istoriografiaSi gamoTqmulia
mosazreba, TiTqosda giorgi mTawmidelma ver SeZlo qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis ganmamtkicebeli berZnuli wyaroebis moZieba da man mxolod andrias
saqarTveloSi qadageba miuTiTa, rac sakmarisi ar iyoo. aseTi mosazreba arasworia, saqme isaa, rom rogorc mravaljer aRiniSna, imJamindeli SexedulebiT
avtokefalurad miiCneoda mociqulTa mier
daarsebuli eklesiebi. maSasadame, giorgi
mTawmidelis cnoba sruliad sakmao iyo.
mas damatebiTi cnobebi ar esaWiroeboda
qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis samtkiceblad. am cnobiT antioqiuri mxare
rom dakmayofilda, Cans giorgi mTawmidelis SepasuxebiT krebis monawileebisadmi: `wmidao meufeo, Sen ambob, rom
mociqulTa Tavis petres saydarze vzivaro, xolo Cven, qarTvelebi varT qriste sT an p et re s m om wo de b li s, a nd ri a
pirvelwodebulis, samwyso, mis mier moqceulni da ganaTlebulni. mis garda,
Tormet mociqulTagan erT-erTi simon
kananeli Cvens qveyanaSi, afxazeTSi, kerZod ki nikofsiaSia dakrZaluli. am wmida mociqulebis ganaTlebulebi varT da
`vinaATgan erTi RmerTi gvicnobies, arRara uargviyofies da arc odes wvalebisa mimarT midrekil ars naTesavi Cueni
da yovelTa uaris myofelTa da mwvalebelTa SevaCvenebT da vswyevT. amas safuZvelsa zeda marTlmadideblobisasa da
mcnebaTa da qadagebaTa zeda wmidaTa
maT mociqulTasa mtkice varT. aw ukueTu jer-ars, dagvemorCileT... Suenis esreT, raTa wodebuli igi mwodebelsa
daemorCilos, rameTu petresi jer ars,
raTa daemorCilos mwodebelsa Tvissa
da Zmasa andreas da raATa Tqven Cuen
dagvemorCilneT ...iyo Jami, romel yovelsa saberZneTsa Sina marTlmadidebloba ara ipoeboda da ioane guTel episkoposi mcxeTas ikurTxa episkoposad, viTarca sweria didsa svinaqsarsa~. 215
am sityvam sruliad daakmayofila antioqiis patriarqi da iq Sekrebili
episkoposebi, ufro metic, Sexvedra
dasrulda RimiliT: `ganiRima patriarqman da hrqua mRvdelmoZRvarTa maT da
ersa: `xedavTa bersa amas, viTar marto
esodensa simravlesa gverevis. vekrZalneT nu ukue winaaRmdgomi SegvamTxvios
da ara xolo sityvaA, aramed saqmiT
gvimravlos ZleulebaA Cueni da dagvimrwemnes da dagvimremlnes~. 216
mTawmidelma daamtkica, rom qarTuli eklesia dafuZnebulia andria pirvelwodebulis mier. andriam Tavis droze
mouwoda Tavis Zmas petres da igi gadaaqcia qristes mowafed, amasTanave, andria iyo ufrosi Zma, romelsac emorCileboda petre, amitomac Tuki kanoniereb a z e mi d g a s a q m e, s w o r e d an d r i a s
dafuZnebul saydars unda daemorCilos
petres mier daarsebuli saydari, antioqia saqarTvelos daemorCiloso. swored
amitom gaiRima patriarqma da uTxra
Tavis episkoposebs, moerideT, TviTon
Cven ar gvaqcios damorCilebulad, anu
`mrwemebad~ da Tavis mrevlado _ `dagvimrwemnes da dagvimremlnes~ (sityva `mrwemidanaa~ ùmrwemesi~, misi antonimia
ùxucesi~. e.i. patara, damorCilebuli da udidesi, mmarTveli).
amiT antioqiaSi giorgi mTawmidelma
srulebiT moagvara qarTuli eklesiis
saqme. 1054-1057 wlebis molaparakebani
bizantia-saqarTvelos Soris saxelmwifoebrivTan erTad ixilavda qarTuli eklesiis sakiTxsac da mas Sedegad mohyva
qarTuli eklesiis devnis Sewyveta bizantiis eklesiaSi. ganvixiloT Tu rogor
esmodaT qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis sakiTxi giorgi mTawmidelsa da mis
Semdeg moRvaweebs.
patriarq Teodosisadmi giorgi mTawmidelis pasuxidan Cans Semdegi: 1. qarTve215
g. mcire, dasax. naSr., gv. 154;
216
iqv e, gv. 155.
403
li eri qristianobaze moaqcia TviTon

mociqulma; 2. qarTveli eri mociqulTa
samwysoa; 3. aqedan gamomdinare, qarTvelTa ganmanaTleblebi arian mociqulebi;
4. radganac qarTuli eklesia dafuZnebulia mociqulTa mier, igi avtokefaluri
iyo daarsebisTanave, iseve, rogorc mociqulTa mier daarsebuli eklesiebi saerTod. giorgi mTawmidelis am mosazrebebs
antioqiis sapatriarqoSi daeTanxmnen.
giorgi mTawmidelis azriT, qarTuli
eklesia avtokefaluri iyo mociqulTa
epoqidanve, e.i. I-II ss-danve. Tu ra kanonikuri safuZveli edo giorgi mTawmidelis aseT Tvalsazriss, amis Sesaxeb
msjeloba mocemulia am werilis Sesaval nawilSi. magram arsebobda Tu ara
qarTuli eklesia I-II ss-Si? werilobiT
wyaroebs adasturebs arqeologiuri monacemebi, rom II-III ss-Si CvenSi cxovrobdnen qristianebi, maTi mcirericxovani Temebi, isini iyvnen mociqulebrivi
madlis matareblebi. maSasadame, im dros,
roca IV s-Si gaqristianda mTeli qarTveli eri da daarsda sruliad saqarTvelos momcveli mZlavri saeklesio organizacia, mas mociqulebrivi madli gadasces im Zvelma qarTulma qristianulma
Temebma, romelnic iqamdec arsebobdnen
da TavianT saTaves iRebdnen mociqulebidan. IV s-is dasawyisSi, roca daarsda qarTuli eklesia, imperiaSi jer kidev
arsebobda mravali avtokefaluri patara eklesia, romelTa TavisTavadobas
icavda saeklesio kanonebi, erTi aseTi
kanoni gamosca 38 1 wlis II msoflio
krebam. igive daadastura III msoflio
krebamac. mxolod V s-is bolodan da
VI s-Si dakanonda patara eklesiebis
avtokefaliebis gauqmebis praqtika. maSasadame, I-III Tu IV s-is dasawyisSi dafuZ-
404
nebuli qarTuli eklesia avtokefaluri
unda yofiliyo daarsebisTanave imperiaSi moqmedi da iqamde Catarebuli krebebis kanonTa Tanaxmad. mxolod V-VII ssSi unda damuqreboda mis avtokefalias
safrTxe. yovel SemTxvevaSi, rogorc aRiniSna, giorgi mTawmideli, romelsac gamoCenil istorikosad Tvlida iv. javaxiSvili, miiCnevda, rom qarTuli eklesia
avtokefaluri iyo mociqulTa droidan,
mis am SexedulebaSi gasakviri araferi
iyo, radganac igive Sexeduleba hqondaT
antioqiaSi da igive Sexedulebaa, faqtobrivad, dafiqsirebuli (I, II, III) msoflio krebebis pirvel kanonebSi.
giorgi mTawmidelis mosazrebas, rom
qarTuli eklesia daarsebisTanave avtokefaluri iyo, TiTqosda eTanadeba is, rom
saukuneTa manZilze ar moiZebna arc erTi
ber Znul i Tu sxva wya ro, rome lic
gamokveTilad miuTiTebda qarTuli eklesiis romelime ucxo eklesiisadmi
daqvemdebarebas.
wyaroTa moZiebis mxriv didi samuSao Caatara efrem mcirem XI s-Si. man
mxolod erTi wyaro moiZia, romelic
miuTiTebda iberiis eklesiis berZnuli
eklesiisagan ganTavisuflebas VIII sSi, magram, rogorc Cveni Tanamedrove
istorikosis v. goilaZis gamokvlevam
aCvena, es cnoba Seexeba ara mcxeTis
(e.i. qarTuli saeklesio centris) eklesiis, aramed dasavleT saqarTvelos
im nawilis (e.i. qvemo iberiis, Semdgom
afxazeTis samefos erTi kuTxis) mier
avtokefaliis mopovebas, romelic VII
s-is dasawyisSi CamoaSores mcxeTis eklesias da Seiyvanes berZnuli eklesiis
iurisdiqciaSi. mas, rogorc efremis
cn ob a miu Ti Te bs , V II I s-S i mi uR ia
berZnebisagan saeklesio ganTavisuflebis damadasturebeli cnoba da kvlav dabrunebia qarTuli dedaeklesiis wiaRs.
arc balsamonis zemoT ganxiluli
cnoba gamodgeba imis damadastureblad,
rom qarTulma eklesiam XI s-Si miiRo
avtokefalia, am dros Cveni eklesia
ukve avtokefaluri iyo, rac ganxilulia zemoT.
ivane javaxiSvilma qarTuli eklesia
avtokefalurad miiCnia V s-dan, mis xelT
ar yofila amis damadasturebeli arc
erTi pirdapiri sabuTi, arc berZnuli
da arc qarTuli. rogorc garkveulia,
man aseTi varaudi daafuZna Tavisi mosazrebis, rom `vaxtang gorgasalisagan
saqarTveloSi kaTalikosobis daweseba
qarTuli eklesiis mier damoukideblobis mopovebas niSnavda~. 217
maSasadame, igi iseve rogorc sxva
mecnierebi, miiCnevs, rom `kaTalikosi~
avtokefaluri eklesiis meTaurs ewodeboda Zvel dros da radgan qarTul eklesias saTaveSi kaTalikosi Caudga V
s-Si, igi am droidan avtokefaluri gaxda. am Tvalsazrisis gansamtkiceblad
gamoiyenes balsamonis aRniSnuli cnoba,
romelSic antioqiis patriarqi petrea
dasaxelebuli. es petre miiCnies V s-is
patriarq petre fulonad da mas daukavSires qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis
miniWeba. e.i. V s-saTvis qarTuli eklesiis mier avtokefaliis miniWebis Teoria ar efuZneba mtkice sabuTebs da
ufro varaudzea agebuli, xolo giorgi
mTawmidelis Teoria, rom qarTuli eklesia daarsebidanve avtokefaluri iyo,
pirvel msoflio krebaTa kanonebs, qalkedonis krebamde msoflioSi arsebul saeklesio kanonebs efuZneba.
v . g oilaZe, qarTuli ekle siis s aTaveeb Tan , 1991, g v. 134, iv . j avax iSv ili, q arT veli er is
isto ria, I, 1979, g v. 383-384.
217
aRsaniSnavia ramdenime momenti. zogierTi didi qarTveli istorikosi miiCnevda, rom saqarTveloSi V s-mde mxolod erTi episkoposi moqmedebda, da
mxolod sakaTalikosos warmoSobis Semdeg moeqca kaTalikosis xelqveiT ramdenime episkoposi. es mosazreba amJamad
mTlianad araa gaziarebuli. kaTalikosobis dawyebamde saqarTveloSi iyvnen
episkoposebi, romlebic im TavisTavadobiT
sargeblobdnen, romelic miRebuli iyo
sazogadod Zvel eklesiaSi saepiskoposoTa mimarT. garda amisa, swored avtokefaliis sakiTxTa udidesi mcodne
Teodore balsamoni, romelime eklesiis
avtokefalias akavSirebda ara termin
`kaTal ikosTan~, ar amed àrqie piskoposTan~. igi rogorc kviprosis, ise iberiis eklesiis avtokefalias akavSirebda
am eklesiaTa meTaurebis arqiepiskoposebis
TavisTavad xarisx-pativSi asvlasTan:
magaliTad, `bulgareTis arqiepiskoposi
p at i v Si a iy v a na iu s t in i a ne m ef e m .. .
kviprosis arqiepiskoposi pativSi aiyvana mesame msoflio krebam... iberiis
arqiepiskoposi pativSi aiyvana antioqiis krebis dadgenilebam~. 21 8
rogorc Cans, ivane javaxiSvili da
sxvebi kaTalikoss aigivebdnen arqiepiskoposTan, romelsac ramdenime episkoposi
eqvemdebareboda, magram uZvelesi qarTuli wyaroebi qarTuli eklesiis pirvelive meTaurs àrqiepiskoposad~ moixsenieben. aseve miiCneven, rom saqarTveloSi ara erTi, aramed mravali episkoposi
arsebobda kaTalikosobis dawesebamde.
mefe mirianma Tavis gardacvalebis dros
mouxmo episkoposebs `davedra episkoposTa~, vaxtang gorgasals ucxoeTidan
dabrunebis Semdeg Seegebnen èpiskoposni~ kaTalikosobis daarsebamde. Tu gav218
georgika, t. VIII, gv. 18;
219
405
i Tv al is wi ne bT i m d am ok id eb ul eb as ,
romelic qarTul eklesiaSi arsebobda
ara aseuli, aramed aTaswleulis manZilze petre fulonis mimarT, albaT,
masTan qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis
dakavSireba gaugebrobad da Seuracxyofad CaiTvleboda.
saqme isaa, rom petre fuloni, anu
petre mkawvreli iyo monofizitobis eresiarqi, didad SeZulebuli qarTvel
mamaTa mier. udidesi siamayis sagnad
miaCndaT is, rom petre fuloni `mTavarepiskoposma~ miqaelma da qarTvelma
episkoposebma Caqoles saqarTveloSi jer
kidev kaTalikosobis dawesebamde. ucnobia istoriulia Tu ara es faqti, magram cnobilia is, rom aTaswleulis
manZilze qvemo qarTlSi qvebis grova,
romlis ZirSic `migdebuli iyo~ Caqolili monofiziti patriarqi petre, miiCneoda qarTuli marTlmadideblobis
cocxal Zeglad.
petre mkawvreli Tavisi wvalebis
gasavrceleblad Camovida qarTlSi `da
mouwoda netar miqaels kaTalikozsa
qarTlisasa... miqael warmovida mcxeTiT
mis queSeTa epikoposTa Tana da mRvdelTa
Tana da erisa morwmunisa~, miqaelma da
episkoposebma, rogorc iTqva, qvebiT mokles, Caqoles petre fuloni `mokles
mgeli igi da Seeracxaa maT simarTled~. 219
aqedan Cans, rom ZvelqarTuli tradiciiT kaTalikosobis dawyebamde qarTlSi episkoposTa simravle arsebobda. pirvel kaTalikosad miCneulia petre, magram Cveni wyaro kaTalikoss uwodebs
mis wina arqiepiskopos miqaelsac. kaTalikoss uwodebs agreTve ruis-urbnisis
kreba da efrem mcire IV s-danve qarTuli eklesiis meTaurebs. qarTvel arqiepiskoposs miqaels petres kaTaliko-
ùwyeba petros mkawvrelisaTvis~, saqarTvelos samoTxe, 1882, gv. 632.
406
sad arCevamde mouklavs petre fuloni,
maSasadame, qarTuli saeklesio tradicia ar miiCnevda petre fulons petre
kaTalikosis makurTxevlad, radganac am
ukanasknelis kaTalikosad arCevisas petre ukve mkvdari yofila. sxva aseTi
Seusabamobanic arsebobs.
yovel SemTxvevaSi, faqtia is, rom
qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis V s-Si
m i Re b i s da m a d a st u r e b el i u c xo u r i
wyaroebi ar moipoveba. saeklesio tradicia, romlis saukeTeso gamomxatveli iyo
giorgi mTawmideli, Tvlida, rom qarTul
eklesias ar esaWiroeboda Zieba avtokefaliisa, radganac igi daarsebidanve avtokefaluri iyo. amitomac arc arsebobda ucxouri wyaroebi qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis Sesaxeb. xolo efrem
mcires mier mocemuli cnobebi Seexeboda ara mTlianad qarTul eklesias (mcxeTis eklesias), aramed qarTuli eklesiis erT nawils.
aqve unda iTqvas, rom qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis Sesaxeb pirdapiri
ucxouri wyaroebis ararsebobis, anda
arasakmarisad arsebobis gamo mecnierTa
Soris sufevda da sufevs dabneuloba.
erTni, magaliTad, m. TamaraSvili, m.
brose, d. baqraZe, v. goilaZe, s. gorgaZe da sxvebi, Tvlian, rom qarTulma
eklesiam avtokefalia miiRo petre fulonis dros da igia balsamonis mier
moxseniebuli antioqieli patriarqi petre, 220 meoreni ki _ m. breki, k. cincaZe, m. kelenjeriZe, T. Jordania, ev.
nikolaZe da sxvebi Tvlian, rom qarTulma
eklesiam avtokefalia moipova XI s-Si
antioqiis patriarqis petre III-is dros
da igia balsamonis mier moxseniebuli
patriarqi petre. 221
zogierTi mecnieri ki fiqrobda, rom
qarTulma eklesiam ramdenjerme moipova
avtokefalia. magaliTad, babilina lominaZe miiCnevs, rom qarTulma eklesiam
samjer moipova avtokefalia V, VIII da
XI ss-Si. aRsaniSnavia, rom v. goilaZis
gamokvlevebiT, iv. javaxiSvilsac V sSi mopovebuli avtokefalia, Cans, arasrulad miaCnda da Tvlida, rom sabolood qarTul eklesias avtokefalia
miuRia XI s-Si, balsamonis mier moxseniebuli antioqieli patriarqis petre
III-is dros. 222
sabolood unda iTqvas, rom albaT
marTali iyo wmida giorgi mTawmideli,
roca gamoxatavda Zvel saeklesio Tvalsazriss imis Sesaxeb, rom qarTul eklesias ar esaWiroeboda Zieba avtokefa li isa d a i gi av to kef al uri i yo
daarsebisTanave.
v. g oilaZe , qar Tuli e kl es iis saT av ee bT an , 19 91, g v. 136-144 ;

g v. 145-147 .
22 0
22 1
iq ve , gv . 139 -147 ;
22 2
iq ve ,
407
quTaisis saeklesio kreba (daaxl. 1058 w.)

saqarTvelos mefis bagrat IV-is dros
samefos dedaqalaq quTaisSi Sedga kreba. masze Sekrebilma eklesiis umaRlesma ierarqebma ganixiles erTi saek-
ivane javaxiSvili wers, rom `xelmwifis karis garigebis cnobiTac saxelmwifo darbazis sxdomebs eswrebodnen vazirebi TavianTi TanaSemweebiTurT,
lesio sadavo sakiTxi, amitomac SesaZlebelia am krebas saeklesio vuwodoT,

Tumca ki igi Sedga samefo sasaxleSi
`darbazis karze~.
bagrat IV werda: `Sevkriben karsa
darbazisa Cuenisasa mRvdel-moZRvarni,
erisTavT-erisTavni, erisTavni da yovelTa
xevTa zemoTa da quemoTa aznaurni, mec-
umaRlesi samRvdeloeba kaTalikozisa da

moZRvarT-moZRvris meTaurobiT, mniSvnelovani monastrebis winamZRvarni,
saqveynod gamrigeTagan _ ki ufrosi
moxeleebi~. 22 6
`darbazis kars~ araTu ufleba hqonia gaerCia saeklesio sakiTxebi, aramed,
rogorc Tamaris istorikosi wers: `mon-
nierni sabWoTa saqmeTani da davsxeniT

winaSe Cuensa~. 223
darbazs eZaxdnen samefo sasaxlis
im oTaxs, sadac saxelmwifoebrivi mniSvnelobis saqmeTa gamo mefis Tandaswre-
asterni da saepiskoposoni da yovelni

eklesiani wessa da rigsa locvisa da
yovlisa saeklesioAsa gansagebelsa darbazis kariT miiRebdian, viTarca kanonsa
ucdomelsa da yovlad Sueniersa da
biT sxdoma imarTeboda xolme, amitomac `darbazi~ Semdgom ewoda saqarTvelos saxelmwifos uzenaes organos. 224
samefo darbazis wevrebad yofilan
umaRlesi samRvdeloebisa da saero xelisufalTa warmomadgenlebi iurist aznaurebTan erTad. 225 am ukanasknelT `mec-
dawyobilsa keTilwesierebasa locvisa

da marxvisasa~. 22 7
saxelmwifo mmarTvelobis uzenaesi
organo `darbazis kari~ kanonmdebeli
yofila eklesiisTvisac, ivane javaxiSvils `qarTlis cxovrebis~ aRniSnuli
cnoba gazviadebulad miaCnia, radganac
nierni sabWoTa saqmeTani~ ewodebodaT.
samRvdeloeba Tavis sferoSi damoukide-
qar Tuli istoriul i sabuTebis k orpusi, 1984, gv. 33; 224 iv. javaxiSvili, T xzulebani, t. VII,
1984 , gv. 17 9; 225 iqve , gv. 181; 226 iqve , gv. 182; 227 qar Tlis cx ovreba, II, gv. 40.
223
408
blad moqmedebda, magram radganac `dar-
Tlmsajuleba Seadgenda, magram marto
bazis karze~ saero saqmeTaTvisac ki uzenaesi kanonmdebeli mefesTan erTad ek-
TviTon mefes saqarTveloSi aras dros

axa li k anon i ar daud via, ara med
lesiis umaRlesi ierarqia _ `saeklesio

mTavroba~ iyo, amitomac am cnobas SeiZleba vendoT da ar miviCnioT romelime
kerZo SemTxvevad.
saerTod, saeklesio krebas mefe iwvev-
yovelTvis darbazis erTa TanamSromlob i T a d a g a n C i n eb i T ~ . 2 3 2 m a S a s a d a m e ,

saqarTveloSi kanonmdebelni iyvnen `darbazis erni~, anu darbaiselni. maT Soris
Tanamdebobrivad upirvelesni iyvnen `kaTa-
da. ase moqceula guaram mamfali, daviT aRmaSenebeli, Tamar mefe, Tumca iyo
likozni, Wyondideli, moZRvarT-moZRvari~

da sxva sasuliero, agreTve, cxadia,
gamonaklisic, saeklesio krebis gamarTva `qarTvel samRvdeloebas mefis daukiTxavadac SeeZlo, swored TviT mefis
saero pirebi `xelosanni~ da ùxeloni~. maSasadame, saqarTvelos eklesiis

umaRlesi wodebis mqone mRvdelmTavre-
winaaRmdegac Sekrebiliyo. aseTi Tvise-
bi, maT Soris qarTlisa da afxazeTis
bis iyo, magaliTad, saeklesio kreba giorgi III-is dros. 228 mefis winaaRmdegve iyo
mimarTuli 1263 w. axali drois saeklesio krebis dadgenileba da ueWvelia
kaTalikosebi, Wyondideli da moZRvarTmoZRvari saqarTvelos saxelmwifos kanonmdebelni iyvnen da sxva darbaislebTan

erTad, cxadia, mefis xelisuflebis qveS.
mefis nebadaurTvelad iqneboda Seyrili. 229 Cveulebriv ki, roca eklesiasa

da mTavrobas Soris uTanxmoeba ar arsebobda, saeklesio krebis Seyris brZa-
amitomac araa gasakviri mematianis sityva imis Sesaxeb, rom eklesia `saeklesio gansagebelsa darbazis kariT miiRebdin~, darbazis karis mowvevis dros
nebis gamcemi mefe iyo xolme~. 230

marTalia, krebas mefe iwvevda da
igi krebas eswreboda sxva saero xelisuflebTan erTad, magram saeklesio
iq mudam imyofeboda qarTuli eklesiis

sinodi _ kaTalikozebi da umaRlesi
mRvdelmTavrebi. amitomac SeiZleba vTqvaT, rom darbazi saeklesio sakiTxTa gada-
sakiTxTa garCevis dros `mefes ukve

araviTari ufleba ar hqonda sja-baasSi
monawileobis miRebisa~. 231 kreba iRebda
dadgenilebas _ gadawyvetilebas, mas
gadascemdnen mefes da mefe valdebuli
Wris dros warmoadgenda sinods, anu eklesiis kanonmdebels, xolo saero, saqveyno
saqmis gadaWris dros Cveulebriv saxelmwifo sakanonmdeblo organos. mefes
Sesabamis aparatTan erTad aRmasrulebe-
iyo igi aesrulebina. àmgvarad saeklesio krebas gangebis xelisufleba hqonda, mefes kidev aRmasrulebeli~. 228
li funqciebi ekisreboda. mefe erT SemTxvevaSi kanonmdebels warmoadgenda darbazTan erTad, meore SemTxvevaSi ki _ aR-
saqarTvelos mefes piradad, erTpirovnulad neba ar hqonda kanonis gamocemisa, marTalia, `saqarTvelos mefis
uzenaes uflebas samarTlis dadeba da
masrulebels mTavrobis wevrebTan erTad.

amgvari mdgomareobis gamo samxreT
saqarTveloSi mdebare opizisa da mijnaZoris monasterTa Soris sadavo sakiTx-
qmna, anu kanonmdebloba da uzenaesi mar-
ebis gadasaWrelad mefe bagrat IV-s mou-
qro nikebi, I, g v. 265; 229 iv. javaxiSvili, Txzuleb ani, t VI, gv . 58-61, qronikebi, II, gv. 164166; 230 iqve , gv. 167; 231 iqve , gv. 168; 232 iqv e, gv. 169.
228
409
wvevia darbazi. rogorc aRiniSna, saek-
falTa mier gacemuli wyalobis (Sewir-
lesio sakiTxTa gadaWris dros darbazi

warmoadgenda saeklesio krebas. opizisa
ulobis) darRvevas, Cans, erqva `gatexa~.

darbazsa da mefes ar unebebiaT maTi
da mijnaZoris monastrebi erTmaneTs miwawylis sazRvars edavebodnen. orive mxares hqonda Tavisi simarTlis damamtkicebeli sabuTebi, arqanjelo lambertis
Cauweria samxreT saqarTveloSi gadmoce-
`gatexa~, radganac miiCneoda, rom es

Zveli, aw ukve gardacvlili mwyaloblebis `suls daamZimebda~. maSasadame, mijnaZorelebs darbazobaze gaumarjviaT, xolo
opizelebi damarcxebulan. mefe wers,
ma, romlis mixedviTac iSxanis taZari

barTlome mociqulis mier daarsebulad
ar gvindoda, rom òpizarni unugeSiniscemod gagveSvnes, igini Sewuxdeboden
miiCneoda, maSasadame, mxarec mis mier

iqneboda moqceuli. mijnaZorelebs bagrat
mefis karze wmida barTlome mociqulis
da Cven bralad SevinaxeT~. maTi `gulsavsobisaTvis~ mefes gadauwyvetia mieca

damarcxebuli monastrisaTvis sakuTari
nawilebi CausvenebiaT wmida petresa da
sofeli birevani. Cans, am soflis Semo-
pavles xatebTan erTad. TavianTi simarTlis dasamtkiceblad miutaniaT gurgen erisTavTa erisTavis, gurgen mefeT
mefis, bagrat kurapalatisa da bagrat
sa va li x ma rde bo da m efi s er T- er Ti
`samamasaxloAsosa samsaxurebelsa~, e.i.
samamasaxlisos xarjebs. amis Semdeg am
soflis Semosavali moxmardeboda opi-
IV-is mamis mefe giorgis mier gacemuli

sigelebi, damowmebulni kaTalikosTa da
mRvdelmTavarTa mier. opizel berebs mxolod guaram mamfalis mier dawerili
zeli berebis trapezs. mieca maT `satrapezod~. es brZaneba mefisa unda daemtkicebina qar Tlis ka Tal ikoz s,
mRvdelmTavrebs, saerodan ki Semdgomi
sabuTi hqoniaT. rogorc aRiniSna, ori

monasteri erTmaneTs èbrZoda~ `tyeTa
da zRvarTaTvis~. mefe wers, _ `Cuen
ese SfoTi maTi gvimZimda, ravden igini
Taobis mefeebs, erisTavT erisTavebs,

`taoAsa da klarjeTis tanuterebs~ da
sxvebs. aRsaniSnavia, rom taosa da klarjeTSi Zveli droidan SemorCenila somx-
wmidani udabnoni mSvidobisa da dawynarebisa da Cuen mefeTa locvisaTvis

aRSenebulni arian~. 233
darbazze, romelTa wevrebis Sesaxeb
zemoT visaubreT, mousmeniaT orive mo-
uri samoxeleo termini, magaliTad, `tanuteri~ da sxva, magram tao-klarjeTSi

mdebare aRniSnuli monastris sadavo
miwaze arsebuli toponimebi sruliad
qarTulia: `samwyuris wyali, SavSeTis
n as t ri s s a bu T eb i _ ` da w er i le b i~ ,
Semdgom mousmines TiToeuli mxaris warmomadgenels. mijnaZorelebs mravali
wyali, tixaris klde, eJvanTa qedi,

didubis xerTvisi, saqaTmis kari, erTkari, salesvelTa~. aqedan unda vifiqroT,
mefis da xelisuflis mier damtkicebuli sabuTi hqondaT _ `xelni amaTni

mravalni da mtkiceni iyvnen~, xolo
opizrebs mxolod erTi _ guaram mam-
rom toponimebi Zvel dros somxurenovani rom yofiliyo, Seucvlelad Zveleburadve darCeboda sigelis daweris
droisaTvis, iseve rogorc ucvleli darCa
falisa. gardasul mefeTa da xelisu-
somxurenovani samoxeleo termini _
sig eli bagrat IV-isa o pizarT a da mijnaZor elTa samamule davis gamo, 1027-1072 w.w., qar Tuli
samarTlis Zegleb i, t. II, 19 65, gv . 8.
233
410
tanuteri. es ukanaskneli, Cans, taosa
axlad gaerTianebuli saqarTvelo XI
da mimdebare qarTuli mxareebis somxeTis saxelmwifoSi yofnis droidan Semor-
s-Si Sedgeboda ori samefosagan. eseni

iyvnen àfxazTa samefo~ da `qarTvelTa
Cenila (VI-VII ss.). qarTulenovani toponimebi mxareTa mosaxleobis eTnikur
samefo~. bagrat III am ori samefos xelmwife iyo, xolo dedaqalaqi quTaisSi
qarTvelobaze miuTiTebs im drosac, roca

isini saqarTvelosTan jer kidev ar iyvnen
gaerTianebulni.
bagrat IV-is aRniSnul sigelSi naTq-
imyofeboda. siadvilisaTvis erT samefos `qvemo mamuls~ uwodebdnen, meores

ki `zemos~ _ `zeda~s kerZs~, quTaisis
eklesiis kurTxevis dros `Semoikrib-
vamia, rom darbazis krebaze Seikribnen
na... yovelni didebulni zemoni da qve-
`yovelTa xevTa zemoTa da qvemoTa aznaurni~. 23 4 `zemo saqarTvelo~ _ zemo

qveyana aRmosavleT saqarTvelos erqva.
moni mamulisa da samefosa missa myofni~. 239 liparit baRvaSma berZenTa daxmarebiT bagrat IV-s waarTva aRmosav-
1786 wlis wyalobis wignSi anton I

kaTalikosi Tavis Tavs `zemoAsa saqarTve-
leT saqarTvelos yvela mTavari cixesimagre _ artanuji, yveli, ufliscixe,
los~ kaTalikos-patriarqs uwodebs. 235

dasavleT saqarTvelos `qvemo~ er-
birTvisi, kldekari. mematianis azriT,

lipariti aRmosavleT saqarTvelos mflo-
qva, xolo erTad orive saqarTvelos

( e. i. z em os a da q v em os ) _ ò rT av e
belad iqca _ `moirWuna liparit zemosa q ve yan as a da aR ix un a c ix en i~ ; 2 4 0
saqarTvelo~ - 178 6 wlis wyalobis

wigns amtkicebs òrTave saqarTvelos
`liparit moirWuna zemosa kerZsa dauflebad~, 241 Tu mTel aRmosavleT saqarTve-
ufliswuli mefis Ze giorgi~. 23 6

17 90 w el s S ed ge ni l ` er To bi s~
traqtatSi `qvemo iveria~ ewodeba dasav-
los, anu `zemo qveyanas~ daeufla lipariti, raRa darCa mefes? mematiane pasuxobs, _ `xolo bagrats aqunda qvemoTi
leT saqarTvelos `garwmunebT yovlisa
dawyobiT~241 maSasadame, lixs qvemoTi
saimereTosa mefesa... mTavarsa odiSisa...

mTavarsa... guriisa da erTobiT TavadTa,
aznaurTa da erTa qvemoAsa iveriisaTa~. 237
a m a v e do k u m e n t S i a R mo s a v l e T
qveyana, anu `qvemo saqarTvelo~ mefes

darCa imJamad, magram Semdgom lipariti
damarcxda, amitomac bagrat IV èufla
zemosa da qvemosa Tavis mamulsa~, 24 2
saqarTvelos `zemo iveria~ ewodeba _

`garwmunebT umaRlessa mefesa qarTlisa,
amitomac, rodesac bagrat IV opizisa

da mijnaZoris monasterTa Soris davis
kaxeTisa da sxvaTa... TavadTa keTilSobilTa erTa zemoAsa iveriisaTa~. 238
gadaWris Semdeg, wers - `Sevkriben...

yovelTa xevTa zemoTa da qvemoTa azn-
saerTod, saukuneTa manZilze

saqarTvelos or geografiul `zemo da
aurni~, aq `zemos~ qveS, rogorc aRiniSna, aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi mdebare
qvemo~ nawilebad yofdnen _ `zemos~ XII

s-is Semdgom Seesabameboda àmeri~, `qve-
mamulebi, anu xevebi igulisxmeba, xolo

`qvemoTas~ qveS dasavleT saqarTveloSi
mos~ ki _ ìmeri~.
_ lixis qedis qvemoT mdebare xevebis
Zeg l, II, gv. 8; 235 qar Tuli samarTlis Zegleb i, III, 1970, gv. 965; 236 iqve , gv. 963; 237 qar Tli
samarTlis Z eglebi, t. II, 1965, gv. 50 2; 238 iqve , gv. 50 3; 239 mat iane qarTlisa, qarTlis cxovr eba,
I, gv. 28; 240 qar Tlis c xovreb a, I, gv. 30 3; 241 iqve , gv. 30 4; 242 iqv e, gv. 296.
234
mamulebi. daviT aRmaSenebelma uanderZa
Tavis Svils demetres saganZurni `mivec
saWurWleni Cemni zemoni da qvemoni~. 243
e.i. mefes ori `saWurWle~, anu saganZuri hqonia, erTi `zemo~, anu aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi, meore `qvemo~ _
dasavleT saqarTveloSi.
`zemo da qvemo~, ìmeri da ameri~
mraval dokumentSi gvxvdeba, es eklesiis istoriisaTvis imiTaa saintereso, rom
qarTlis sakaTalikosos ucxoelebi `zemo
iveriis saarqiepiskoposos~ uwodebdnen,
afxazeTis sakaTalikosos ki `qvemo iveriis saarqiepiskoposos~. 244
saqarTvelos nawilebs `zemo~ da
`qvemo~ unda darqmeoda ara gaerTianeb-
411
is epoqaSi, aramed uZveles drosve, magaliTad, n. berZeniSvili qarTlis cxovrebaSi daculi VII s-is Sesabamisi
cnobis _ `SeiTqves yovelni erisTavni
qarTlisani zemoni da qvemoni, 245 wers:
`gvaqvs sabuTi vifiqroT `zemoni~-Si igulisxmeboda qarTlis erisTavebi, `qvemoni~-Si egrisis, aragveTis da egriswyals qvemoTi~. 246
quTaisis saeklesio krebam, romelsac aRmosavleT-dasavleT saqarTvelodan mowveuli iuristebi (`mecnierni sabWoTa saqmeTani~) da sasuliero pirebi
eswrebodnen, miukerZoeblad gadaWra
dasmuli saeklesio sakiTxi.
[1054/1072]. sigeli bagrat mefisa

opizar da mijnaZorel mamebisadmi
[teqsti]
[mo]vides C[ue]n w[inaS]e quTaTis, saxlsa samkuidrebelsa C[ue]nsa, ese mamani
mijnaZorelni da mamani opizarni.
da moiyvanes mijnaZorelTa xatni w[m i]daT a mociqulTa p[e]tr[e]si da
p[a]vl[e]si da nawilni w[mi]disa barTlome mociqulisani, da moixunes sigelni
gurgen e[risTavT]-e[risTav]isa, gurgen mefeTa-mefisaQ, papaQsa Cemisa b[a]g[ra]t
kurapalatisaQ da mamisa Cemisa g[iorg]i mefisaQ, r[om]liTa igi tyeni da zRvarni
mijnaZorisaTuis daemtkicnes da krulobiTa mowmobani kaTalikozTa da mRvdelTmoZRuarTani.
da moiRes opizarTa dawerili guaram mamflisaQ, r[om]liTa mas tyesa da
zRvarsa mijnaZorelTa erCodes da amaT mijnaZoroQsa sigelTa Sina guaram mamflisa dawerili, r[ome]l opizarTaTuis dauweria, ara Hsenebul iyo arca damtkicebulad da arca gardagdebulad.
da C[ue]n ese SfoTi maTi guimZimda, ravden igi w[mi]dani udabnoni mSuidobisa
da dawynarebisa da C[ue]n mefeTa locvisaTuis aRSenebulni arian.
qar Tuli istoriul i sabuTebis k orpusi, 1984, gv. 62; 244 a. jafariZ e, saqarTvelos samociqulo
e kl es iis ist o ria, t . II, gv . 89 -96; 24 5 qarT lis c xo v re ba, I, gv . 217 ; 24 6 n. b e rZ e niSv ili,
saqarTvelos istor iis sak iTxebi, masale bi ist oriuli geograf iisaTvis, 199 0, gv. 632.
243
412
da guls-midgina R[merTma]n da madlman maT w[mi]d[a]Ta man da Helvyav xarkebiT sauravsa maTsa: Sevkriben karsa darbazisa C[ue]nisasa mRdelT-moZRuarni,
e[risTavT]-e[risTav]ni, erisTavni da y[ove]lTa HevTa zemoTa da quemoTa aznaurni, mecnierni sabWoTa saqmeTani da davsxeniT w[inaS]e C[ue]nsa. da wavikiTxeniT
maTnica da maTnica dawerilni da r[ome]li sityuis gebaQ iyo maT Soris, movismineT. da samarTlad ese gavigoneT, r[ome]l Helni amaTni mr[a]v[a]lni da
mtkiceni iyunes da C[ue]ngan maTi gatexaQ ara jer-iyo, da sulsa maT pirvelTa
mefeTasa ara davamZimebdiT. da Tumca opizarni unugeSiniscemod gagueSnes, igini
Sewuxdebodes, da ese C[ue]n bralad SevinaxeT.
da aw salocvelad mefobisa Cemisa da Svilisa Cemisa g[iorg]i kurapalatisa da
salocvelad sulsa maT pirvelTa mefeTasa esreT ganvage da davamtkice saqme maTi:
tyeni da zRvarni amaTni, viTa maT pirvelTa mefeTa dawerilTa sigelTa Sigan
uwerian, niSniT zRvarni; samxriT-samwyrisa wyali, viTa SavSeTisa wyalsa CaerTvis, da tixaris klde da qed-qedi viTa wavals; dasavliT _ eJuanTa qedi; da
CrdiloQT _ didubisa xerTvisi da saqaTmis kari, viTa qed-qedi wavals, didi qedi
erTkari. ese zRvarni mtkiceni arian mijnaZoroelTa zeda da qedsa ameriT araQ uc
saqme da sasarCloQ opizarTa, salesvelTa saTibisagan kide.
da amisda nacvlad, r[aQTa]mca opizarnica gulsavse vyven, salocvelad sulisa
Cemisa Tavsave Cemsa davaTmine: aviRe samamasaxlisoQsa samsaxureblisa C[ue]nisagan
barevani sofeli da mivec opizarTa satrapezod. da gardavswyuide maT Soris
sazidi da sarCeveli, r[aQT]a ese ornive w[mi]dani udabnoni mSuidobiT da uSfoTvelad iyunen da mefobasa Cemsa da Zesa Cemsa g[iorg]i kurapalatsa guilocviden da maT pirvelTa mefeTa maSenebelTa da SemwirvelTaca ulocviden, r[aQT]a
R[merTma]n, meoxebiTa maT w[mi]daTa mociqulTaQTa da maTda mimarT vedrebiTa
maT w[mi]daTa mamaTaTa, dResa mas gankiTxvisasa, ulxinos codvilsa sulsa Cemsa,
miHsnas s{a }s jelTagan saukuneTa.
aw, vinca hnaxoT brZanebaQ da sigeli ese C[ue]ni: SemdgomTa C[ue]nTa momavalTa
mefeTa, e[risTavT]-e[risTav]Ta, taoQsa da klarjeTisa tanuterTa da y[ove]lTa
HelisufalTa da saqmis moqmedTa, daumtkiceT da nuvin Hel-hyofT Slasa da Secvalebasa amissa!
da ukueTu vinme, rasaca Jamsa, raQca guari kaci, didi gina mcire, adges da amas
naqmarsa C[ue]nsa aqcevdes, ga-mca-urisxdebis mamaQ, Ze da suli w[mi]daQ. da esemca
w[mi]dani mociqulni arian mosajulni sulisa misisani dResa mas gankiTxvisasa. da
Cemni bralni misgan iZien R[merTma]n!
da Tq[ue]n, w[mi]d[a]o meufeo qarTlisa k[aTalikozo], da w[mi]dano mRvdelTmoZRuarno, ujuaro[biTa daumtkiceT]... 24 7
247
qar Tuli istoriul i sabuT ebis k orpusi, 1984, gv. 32-34.
413
Tbilisis I saeklesio kreba (1178 w.)

`wesi da gangeba mefeT kurTxevisa~
Cvenamde moRweulia `sigeli giorgi
mefisa saqarTvelos eklesiisadmi~ (daTariRebulia 1177-1178 wlebiT). sigelSi nabrZanebia, rom afxazTa, qarTvelTa, ranTa, kaxTa da somexTa mefes giorgi
III-s, romelsac agreTve hqonda titulebi `SirvanSa~ da `SahanSa~, gaxelmwifebidan 21-e wels aujanyda Zmiswuli. SeTqmuleba seriozuli iyo, magram
igi CaaxSo: `cud qmna da daxsna~ man,
romelic `mravalmowyalea da ar aviwydeba Tavisi qmnileba~, e.i. ufalma RmerTma.
uflisadmi madlobis niSnad mefem gadawyvita raRac didi sikeTe mieniWebina
saqarTvelos eklesiisaTvis, `samadlobeli raA mca miemadleboda RmrTeebasa
missa~. mefem brZana `sadideblad Rmr-
nes da mogvaxsenes daWirvebuloba eklesiaTaA da ganryvnaA sasjulTa saqmeTaA~, 248 amitomac mefem RmerTis samadloblad krebis ganCineba aRasrula.
Cvens istoriografiaSi gamoTqmulia
mosazreba TiTqosda gasaWiris Jams, im
dros, roca mefes aujanyda Zmiswuli,
batoniSvili demna, saqarTvelos saeklesio moRvaweebma moiwvies kreba. ès
faqtobrivad sasuliero pirTa seriozuli gamosvla iyo samefo xelisuflebis
winaaRmdeg... samRvdeloeba Tavisi Zalauflebis gazrdas moiTxovda. saqarTvelos mefes sxva gamosavali ar hqonda,
iZulebuli gaxda daeTmo da krebis moTxovna Seuvalobis (ZiriTadad unda
vigulisxmoT sagadasaxado imuniteti)
Teebisa misisad da keTilad dacvisaTvis

mefobisa Cuenisa da sulierad xsnisaTvis
satanjulTaAsa, movigoneT eklesiaTa samefoAsa CuenisaTa yovlisa begarisa us-
aRdgenis Taobaze daekmayofilebina~. 249

sigeli ar iZleva aseTi gancxadebis
safuZvels. kreba Sedga ara ajanyebis
dros, aramed ajanyebis CaxSobis Sem-
amarTloAsa da daWirebulisagan xsnaA

da ganTavisuflebaA~. 248
radganac mefes surda RmrTisadmi Sesawiravi gaeRo ara romelime erTi an
ori eklesiis sasargeblod, aramed sazogadod saqarTvelos mTeli eklesiis samomavlo saWiroebis dasakmayofileblad,
amitomac gadauwyvetia moewvia saeklesio kreba, romelic daadgenda imJamad,
Tu ra saWiroebas iTxovda eklesia. mar-
deg. marTalia, SesaZlebelia romelime

kerZo sasuliero pirs monawileobac
mieRo ajanyebaSi, magram zogadad mTlian
eklesias ar SeeZlo da arc inebebda
mefis mterTa mxares dgomas, pretenziebis gacxadebas mefis gasaWirSi yofnis
Jams. mefe TviT eklesiis mier iyo nakurTxi da, maSasadame, dalocvil-dadgenilic. mefes gamefebis Jams mirons
cxebdnen, igi mironcxebuli iyo eklesi-
Tlac, aRniSnul wels Semdgara saeklesio kreba, romelsac gadauwyvetia eTxova
is mier, anu Tavisi mmarTvelobisas warmoadgenda RvTis madlis matarebels.
mefisaTvis eklesiaTa usamarTlo begarisagan gaTavisufleba. mefe krebis saxeliT ambobs: sasuliero pirebma `gvibrZa-
mefes sulieri mowiwebiT epyrobodnen

ara mxolod misi politikuri zedamdgomlobis, aramed misi cxebulobis, madlis-
248
qarTuli ist. sabuTebis korpusi, 1984, gv. 72;
249
iv. javaxiSvili, Txzulebani, t. VII, 1984, 110.
414
matareblobis gamo. mefisadmi
episkoposTa ìmerTa da amerTa~ Sekreba
sulieri mowiweba emsgavseboda kaTalikosis mimarT gamoxat-
did iSviaTobas warmoadgenda saqarTvelos eklesiis da, saerTod, saqarTvelos
ul sulier krZalulobas.
rogorc iTqva, mefem gama-
istoriaSi. msgavsi Sekreba xdeboda erTiani saqarTvelos saxelmwifos arsebo-
rjvebis Semdeg ineba samadloblad RvTisadmi wyalobis

gaReba eklesiis sasargeblod.
amis gamo moiwvia saeklesio
bisas didmniSvnelovani saxelmwifo, anda

saeklesio movlenis dros. magaliTad,
mironis kurTxevisas, mefis kurTxevisas.
msgavsi saeklesio krebis dros yoveli
kreba, sigelSi ar aris pirda-
eparqiis (samRvdelTmoZRvros) episkoposs
piri miTiTeba amisa, magram

sigelidan Cans, rom kreba mefis mier aris mowveuli. kre-
mikuTvneb uli hqonda Tavis i adgili

`jdomisa da dgomis~ wesis Sesabamisad.
eklesiaSi wirva-locvis, liturgia-
ba unda Semdgariyo samefo

karze da es unda yofiliyo
RvTismsaxurebis, SekrebaTa da oficialuri purobis drosac ki episkoposebsa
darbazi gafarToebuli saxiT,

`d idi wes iT~ , r omel zed ac
da samRvdelo pirebs erTmaneTis mimarT

nebismier adgilas dgomisa da jdomis
mowveulma saeklesio pirebma

ganixiles saeklesio sakiTxi,
u fl e ba ar a a qv T . a mJ a ma d p ir v el i
mRvdelmTavris, anu kaTalikos-patriar-
amitomac SeiZleba vuwodoT

saeklesio kreba. samefo kari
qis, marjvena pirvel adgilas unda dadges

mis Semdeg eklesiaSi pirveli upirate-
am droisaTvis TbilisSi iyo,

amitomac unda vifiqroT, rom
kreba TbilisSi Catarda. mas
si piri, es upiratesoba ganisazRvreba

wodebiTa (mitropoliti, mTavarepiskoposi da a.S.) da qirotoniiT (episkopos-
SeiZleba pirobiTad vuwodoT
Ta Soris is dadgeba pirvel adgilas,
`Tbilisis I saeklesio kreba~,

radganac TbilisSi Semdgomac
iqna mowveuli sxva krebebi,
xolo iqamde TbilisSi Catare-
romelsac ufro adre aqvs es wodeba

miniWebuli). Zvel dros upiratesoba
saqarTvelos eklesiaSi ganisazRvreboda ara piradi wodebriobis upirateso-
bul krebaTa Sesaxeb cnobebi

ara gvaqvs.
biT, aramed kaTedris pativis upiratesobiT. magaliTad, SesaZloa manglelsa
sigelS i
nabrZanebia:
`Sekrbes yovelni samefo A sa
da walkel episkoposebs Tanabari wodeba hqonodaT, magram mangleli upirates
Cuenisani monazonni da ebiskoposni imerni da amerni, kaTa-
adgi las un da damd gariyo misi kaTedrisadmi ZvelTaganve miniWebuli upi-
likozni, moZRvarni, da yovelni

meudabnoeni~... 25 0
ratesobis ZaliT. es asaxuli iyo Sesabamis dokumentebSi, romlis mixedviTac
sazo gadod u nda iTq vas,

rom sru liad saqa rTve los
isazRvreboda mRvdelmTavarTa Tu moweseTa adgili Sekrebebis dros.
250
qar Tuli istoriuli sab uTebis korpus i, 1984, gv. 72.
415
msgavsadve isazRvreboda adgili dgo-
da
mTav arep isko posi
(e. i.
misa da jdomisa samefo karze moxeleTa Soris. `darbazobis dros mxolod
mwuxris locvas mTavarepiskoposi aRasrulebda). mTavar-
gansazRvruls didebul moxeleTa jgufs

SeeZlo mefis winaSe mjdariyo, sxvebi
u n da m d ga r i y v ne n . am a s ga r d a am a T
Sorisac, visac jdomis ufleba hqonda,
zogs sasTaulis ufleba hqonda, zogni
episkoposi Zvel saqarTveloSi

e rqva
mxo lo d
im
mRvdelmTavars, romelic ijda
samTavros kaTedraze mcxeTaSi. mwuxrisas Semosili mTa-
usasTaulod unda msxdariyvnen, amis

Sesaxeb garkveuli, mtkice debuleba ar-
varepiskoposi Sesabamisi galobiTa da wesiT gaemarTebo-
sebobda, romelsac erqva `wesi jdomisa

da dgomisa~. 251
ivane javaxiSvili wers, rom jdomis
da mefis sasaxlisaken. sasaxleSi mTavarepiskoposi miiRebda mefis gvirgvins, skiptras,
uflebis mqone xelisufalni, Tavis mxriv,
porfirsa da bisons (es ori
ramdenime jgufad iyofodnen: `vazirebi

oqroWedil selebze isxdnen, danarCeni
didi xelisufalni Cveulebriv sajdomebze, magram ufrosi maTgani `sasTau-
ukanaskneli iyo mefis Sesamoseli). yovelive amas feSxumze dawyobilT miitandnen eklesiaSi da daasvenebdnen tra-
liT~, e.i. baliSze, umcrosni, albaT,

usasTaulod msxdaran. TavisTavad igulisxmeba, rom umaRlesi samRvdeloebis warmomadgenelni Tamaris droindel
pezze. samefo kandidati, didebulebi da sxvebi Rames sasaxleSi locviT gaaTenebdnen. meore dRes, diliT, Sesabamisi
darbazobaSiac monawileobas iRebdnen~. 252

`xelmwifis karis garigebis~ cnobiT,
nebismieri saxelmwifoebrivi sakiTxis
garkvevisa da gadaWris dros darbazobas
wesiT sasaxleSi eklesiidan

mividoda jvrism tvirTv eli,
romelic wesisamebr miesalmeboda samefo kandidats. es iyo
eswrebodnen ùmaRlesi samRvdeloeba,

kaTalikozisa da moZRvarTmoZRvris meTaurobiT da mniSvnelovani monastrebis
winamZRvarni~. 25 3
saqarTvelos mefisa da qarTuli ek-
niSani, romlis Semdegac es

ukanaskneli unda wasuliyo eklesiaSi, samefo kandidats win
miuZRoda zari, droSa, Subi,
Semdeg mihyvebodnen mTavard-
lesiis ierarqiis urTierTdamokidebuleba

sasuliero TvalsazrisiT kargad Cans
XIII s-iT daTariRebul dokumentSi,
iakoni, jvrismtvirTveli da
mandaturTuxucesi, ukan edgnen
ezoTuxucesi, CuxCeraxi, me-
romelsac ewodeba `wesi da gangeba mefeT

kurTxevisa~.
romelime Sesabamisi pirovnebis mefed
kurTxeva xdeboda wirvisas. mefis kurTx-
abjreTuxucesi, mas eWira mefis fari, laxti da qarqaSi,

ukan modioda laSqari. mefis
marjvniv idga amirspasalari,
evis wina dRiT, mwuxrisas, Seimosebo-
mas samefo xmali orive xe-
251
252
ist oriani da azmani, g v. 470. iv. j avaxiSv ili, T xzulebani, t VI, 1982, gv. 34;
iv. javax iSvili, Txzule bani, t. VII, 1984, gv. 181; 253 iqv e, gv. 182.
416
lze hqonda dasvenebuli. mis siaxloves
Sesabamis dros bisons aiRebdnen, gam-
idgnen amilaxori da meabjreTuxucesi.

m ef is ma r cx ni v i dg n en W y on d id el i
oitandnen sakurTxevlidan da miutandnen samefo kandidats taZarSi, sadac
episkoposi da aTabagi.
eklesiis karebTan mefes miegebebod-
igi ijda Tavis adgilas. mas orive muxlze dausvenebdnen bisons. igi adgeboda
nen kaTalikosebi (qarTlisa da afxazeTisa) da episkoposebi. afxazeTisa da
da bisoniT xelSi mividoda `sakaTalikoso taxtTan~ (es taxti, anu saydari
qarTlis kaTalikosTa Soris upiratesi

iyo es ukanaskneli, radganac igi qarTlis kaTalikosobasTan erTad agreTve iyo
sveticxovelSi amJamadac dgas). e.i. samefo kandidati mividoda kaTalikosTan da

etyoda _ `makurTxe, meufeo~, kaTali-
sruliad saqarTvelos patriarqic, amitomac igi miesalmeboda samefo kandi-
kosi dalocavda mas, gamoarTmevda bisons

da Tavis xeliT Caacmevda. Semdeg kan-
dats Sesabamisi sityvebiT. kandidati mdablad Tayvans scemda kaTalikoss, amis
didats miiyvandnen isev Tavis adgils.

wirvisas saxarebis wakiTxvis mom-
Semdeg kandidatis marjvena xels daiWerda qarTlis kaTalikosi, marcxena
devno kvereqsis Semdeg sakurTxevlidan

gamovidodnen afxazeTis kaTalikosi (anda
xels ki afxazeTis kaTalikosi, Seiy-
iSxneli) da mTavarepiskoposi. mohkidebd-
vandnen eklesiaSi da daayenebdnen Sesa-
nen mefes xels, rogorc zemoT iyo aRniS-
bamis adgilze, romelsac `samefo adgili~ erqva (sveticxovelSi es adgili
nuli, da daayenebdnen Sua eklesiaSi, aq

mefes samjer unda eca Tayvani sakurTx-
iyo samxreTis kedelTan, sakaTalikoso

saydris siaxloves. bolo wlebamde aq
evlisaTvis, Semdeg Seiyvandnen aRsavlis kariT sakurTxevelSi, daayenebdnen
id ga marm ari los sv ete bian i s ame fo
trapezis win. aq mefe muxls moiyrida,
Cardaxi, romelic moSales restavratorebma XX s-is 70-8 0-ian wlebSi). Tu
anu daiCoqebda qarTlis kaTalikosis,

e.i. saqarTvelos patriarqis win, romelic
raime mizezis gamo wirvas ver eswreboda afxazeTis kaTalikosi, misi adgili
aseve am droisaTvis Sesuli iyo sakurTxevelSi. trapezis win daCoqil mefes
unda daeWira iSxnel an Wyondidel

episkoposs, anda mTavarepiskoposs. kan-
yvela episkoposi Tavze daafarebda Tavis

omfors, jvars dawerda kaTalikosi da
didatis eklesiaSi Sesvlis Semdeg
iw-
iwyebda umTavres locvas, romlis war-
yeboda wirva. jer, cxadia, kveTa iwye-
moTqmis Semdegac samefo kandidati ukve
boda: ìwyon aRmokveTa sefesa~. 254 kveTa

sruldeboda patara trapezze, romelsac samkveTlo ewodeba, kveTis Semdeg
nakurTxi mefe iyo. kaTalikosi ambobda

locvas: `saRmrTo madli, romeli yovladve uZlurebaTa CuenTa hkurnebs da
Sesawiri nakveTi sefiskveri _ feSxumiT

da Rvino _ barZimiT unda gadaesvenebi-
naklulebasa Cuensa aRavsebs ganaCinebs

RmrTis moSiSsa [aq iTqmoda kandidatis
naT did trapezze, romelzec, rogorc
saxeli] ersa da samefosa amas zeda
aRiniSna, dasvenebuli iyo samefo Sesa-
mefed-mefed da gareSeartyams saRmrTosa
moseli bisoni, amitomac kveTis Semdeg
Zalsa missa, vilocoT yovelTa, raTa
254
wes i da gangeba mefeTa kurTxev isa, qarTuli s amarTlis Zegle bi, t. II, 19 65, gv. 51.
daimkvidros mis Tana madlman yovlad
255
417
msaxurTuxucesi, `Semdgomad xelosanTa
wmidisa sulisaman~,
xalxi pasuxobda
`kirie leison~ sam gzis, kaTal ikosic
da uxeloTa, darbaiserTa sruliadTa~

marTebda Tayvaniscema. 256 ase, samefo sa-
aRniSnul locvas samjer waikiTxavda.

amis Semdeg kaTalikosi aiRebda samefo
gvirgvins da daadgamda Tavze mefes Sesabamisi locviT, Semdeg aiRebda porfirs da Caacmevda (Semoaxuravda) mefes,
mosliT Semosili mefe 3 dRis manZilze

unda mjdariyo taxtze (e.i. gvirgviniT
da porfiriT).
aqedan Cans, rom ZvelqarTuli wesis
Tanaxmad, romelic mtkiced iyo daculi
Semdeg aiRebda skiptras da miscemda

mefes marjvena xelSi, amis Semdeg mefes
saq arTvel oSi, vidre luars ab II -is

Semdgom rostom-xanamde, eklesiis kurTx-
daayenebdnen trapezis marjvniv. gundi

ityoda axali mefis mravalJamiers. ziarebisas jer mRvdelmTavrebi eziarebod-
ev is miu Reb lad saq arT vel oSi me fe

taxtze ver avidoda da `mefis~ wodebas
ver miiRebda. samefos didebulTa Soris
nen, Semdeg mRvdlebze win mefes aziarebd-
upirvelesad iTvlebodnen afxazeTisa da
nen, wirva ase mTavrdeboda. sakurTxevlidan gamosvlis Semdeg mefes xmals

Seartyamda amirspasalari. eklesiidan
sa saxl emd e me fes mia cil ebdn en
qarTlis kaTalikosebi, Wyondideli da,

albaT, moZRvarT-moZRvaric, rogorc es
zemomoyvanili sabuTidan da `xelmwifis
karis garigebidan~ Cans. aseTi viTarebis
mRvdelmTavrebi, marjvena xeli mefisa

eWira qarTlis kaTalikoss, marcxena ki
afxazeTis kaTalikoss (an Wyondidels,
an iSxnels), aseve Sehyvebodnen samefo
gamo ar migvaCnia sworad gancxadeba

i mi sa , T i Tq os d a m ef e g io r gi I I I- s
gasaWiris dros aujanyda eklesia. eklesia yovelTvis mefis erTguli, mefesTan
palataSi, miiyvandnen samefo taxtTan

da dasvamdnen taxtze. taxtze ayvanis
Semdeg axal mefes pirvelad Tayvans
scemda dedofali, Semdeg kaTalikosebi,
erTad TanammarTveli iyo saqarTvelos

saxelmwifosi. amiT madlierma mefem TbilisSi mowveuli ganxiluli krebis daxmarebiT udidesi sikeTe mianiWa saqarTve-
Wyondideli, aTabagi, mandaturTuxucesi, amirspasalari, meWurWleTuxucesi,
los eklesias, kerZod ki, gaaTavisufla

usamarTlo begarisagan.
255
qar Tuli s amarTl is Zeg lebi, t . II, 1965, gv.. 52;
256
iqv e, gv. 53.
418
1177. sigeli giorgi mefisa saqarTvelos eklesiisadmi
[teqsti]
q. saxeliTa R[mr]TisaQTa, gi[orgi]sagan, bagratunianisa nebiTa R[mr]TisaQTa
afxazTa, qarTvelTa, ranTa, kaxTa da somexTa [mefisa, Sar]vanSaQ [da SahanSaQ da
yovli]sa aRmosavleTisa da dasavleTisa [flobiT]mpyro[be]lisa. welsa mefobisa Cuenisa ka -sa. odes birebiTa da gan[Zra]xviTa eSmakeulTa, SeiTqunes vieTnime
mefo[b]isa Cuenisa didebulni da aznaurni orgulobisa CuenisaT[uis] da Zmiswuli
Cueni gaguiyenes da mravali Wiri da [ga]nsacdeli aRguidgines, gina mravalmowyalebaman [da] ardaviwyebulebaman qmnulebisa misisaman cudqmna amaTi ganZraxvaQ da
SeTqmulebaQ maTi da dahHsna [yo]velni Roneni maTni da ganabnivna yovelnive,
zogni sp[arse]Ts Sina sikudiliT da gar[dax]uewiTa da r[ome]lnime Cue[nsa] samefosa Sina ferHTa queSe CuenTa dascna; Cuengan amisa k[ual] msgavsi samadlobeli
raQmca miemadleboda R[mr]Teebasa missa. gana, sadidebelad R[mr]Teebisa misisad
da keTilad dac[vi]saTuis mefobisa Cuenisa da sulierad HsnisaTuis satan[j]velTaQsa,
movigoneT eklesiaTa samefoQsa Cue[nisaTa] yovlisa begrisa usamarTloQsa da
daWirebulisagan HsnaQ da ganTavisuflebaQ. da amisve mizezisaTuis Sekrbes yovelni
samefoQsa Cuenisa monazonni da ebiskoposni : imerni da amerni, k[aTaliko]zi,
moZRuari da yovelni meudabnoeni da maTca guibrZanes da moguaHsenes daWirebulobaQ eklesiaTaQ da ganryunaQ sasjuloTa saqmeTaQ. amisTuis ganvaCineniT kacni
yovelgan da ganvageT gulsmodgined SekazmvaQ da ganTavisuflebaQ w[mi]daTa R[mr]Tisa
eklesiaTaQ da glaxakTaQ, r[ome]li TuiT dawer[ili][...]
I-II kefebis marcxena kideze gaswvriv teqstis xeliT miwerilia:
[q . Cu enisa sulisagan R[mr]TisaA saqme] esre gaguiwesebia, viTa aqa
sweria da viTa monastrisa wessa hmarTebs, egre daguiWiravs da yoveli
u samarTloA b egari agiu K[snia]. 2 5 7
257
qar Tuli istoriul i sabuT ebis k orpusi, 1984, gv. 71-72.
419
Tbilisis II saeklesio kreba (daaxl. 1185 w.)

taxtze asvlis Semdeg, Tamar mefem
yo: ìwyo aRlesvad orpirisa maxvil-
maleve moiwvia saeklesio kreba. mema-
isa mosarevelad TeslTa borotTa~.
tianis, basili ezosmoZRvaris sityviT,
am is aTv is ie ru sal imi da n s ag ang eb od
Tamari didad iRvwoda `sjulisaTvis~
moiwvia yofili kaTalikosi nikolozi,
da `saRmrTo suliT~ emsgavsa bizan-
sxva wmida mamebi.
tiis pirvel qristian imperators kon-
`pirvelad aRmouwoda wmidiT qala-
stantines, romelmac I msoflio kreba
qiT ierusalemiT nikoloz gulaberiZe-
moiwvia. Tamarmac `meore konstantinem~
sa, romelsa simdablisa ZaliTa ejmna
ìneba, raTa iqmnas Seyra da gamorCe-
qarTlisa kaTalikozobisagan, ese ra
va did Ta maT mso fli o k reba Ta~ . 2 5 8
moiyvana, Semokribna yovelni samefosa
rogorc konstantinem `saRmrTo saqme-
Tvisisa mRvdelT-moZRvarni, monazonni
Ta~ dawye ba ineba saekles io krebis
da meudabnoeni, kacni mecnierni sjulisa
mowveviT, aseve Tamaric `misebrve hgon-
saRmrTosanni da moswrafe iyo, raTa
258
marTlmadideblobasa zeda SemoTesilni
e.i. Tavisi saxelmwifo moRvaweoba Tam-
Teslni borotni aRmofxurnes samefos-
arma saeklesio krebis mowveviT daiw-
agan Tvisisa~. 25 9
debda dawyebasa saRmrTosa saqmeTasa~,
258
qar Tlis cx ovreba, t. II, 1959, gv. 117;
259
iqv e, gv. 118.
420
marTlac Sekrebilan òrisave sam-
viciT sxva dokumentidan, romelsac
Tavrosa episkoposni~. 25 9 Tamaris saxel-
hqvia `wesi da gangeba mefeT kurTxevi-
mwifo Sedgeboda ara òri samTavros-
sa~, rom afxazeTis kaTalikosis darba-
agan~, aramed `Svidi samefosagan~. am
zobaze aryofnis SemTxvevaSi misi Secv-
`Svid sam efos~ xSirad moi xsenieben
la SeeZlo Wyondidels. rogorc sabu-
Tamaris meistorieni, gansakuTrebiT ki
Tidan Cans, Zvel saqarTveloSi miro-
ìstoriani da azmani SaravandedTanis~
nis kurTxevis Semdeg iwvevdnen darba-
avtori. òri samTavrosagan~ im dros
zobas. am sabuTs `kurTxeva mironisa~
Sedgeboda saqarTvelos sapatriarqo,
Semounaxavs kurTxevis Semdeg gamarTu-
anu qarTuli eklesia. esenia afxaze-
li darbazobis wesi. es dokumenti Sei-
Tisa da qarTlis sakaTalikozoebi, `sam-
Zleba saqarTvelos samefos erTianobis
Tavroebi~ sasuliero gagebiT. krebaze
Seryevis drosaa Sedgenili, radganac
misulan rogorc dasavleT, ise aRmosav-
masSi ar Canan dasavleT saqarTvelos
leT saqarTvelos episkoposebi, memati-
Zalze mniSvnelovani eparqiis episkopose-
ane wers kidec: `yovelni samefosa Tvi-
bi. gangeba darbazobisa, romlis drosac
sisa mRvdelT-moZRvarni~. saeklesio kre-
mefe `mefobiT jdeboda~, aseTi yofila:
bis sxdomis darbazisaTvis Tamars Seur-
`raJams ikurTxos mefe da dajdes taxtsa
Cevia èrTi sadguri~. `Sekriba yovelni
zeda, efiskoposni am wesiTa dasxden:
erTsa sadgursa da dasxna saydrebiTa,
1. brZanos qarTlisa kaTalikozman da
xolo TviT dajda Soris maTsa mar-
dajdes marjueniT mefisa taxtsa zeda
tod da ara mefobiT~. 25 9
mokidebiT, natiT da baliSiTa; 2. Semo-
sxva iyo krebaTa dros `mefobiT
vides Wyondideli da dajdes marcxen-
dajdoma~ da sxva `martod dajdoma~.
iT mefisa, natiTa da baliSiTa; 3. Se-
mefe `mefobiT~ jdeboda oficialuri
movides didisa somxeTisa mitrapoliti
da saxelmwifoebrivi Sexvedrebis Tu
da dajdes kaTalikozsa quemoT, natiTa
SekrebaTa dros. magaliTad, mefis kur -
da baliSiTa~... 260
Txevis dros mefis marjvniv unda md-
episkoposTa ganlagebas Cven qvemoT
gariyo qarTlis kaTalikosi, anu saqar -
gadmogcemT sqemis saxiT, sadac frCx-
Tvelos patriarqi, xolo marcxniv afx-
ilebSi moTavsebul episkoposTa rigi
azeTis kaTalikosi, sakaTalikosoTa epi-
warmoadgens uZvelesi `wesis~ aRdge-
skoposebi TavianTi kaTalikosis mxares
nis cdas, romelic gadmocemulia Cvens
dgebodnen. amgvari wesis naSTs unda
naSromSi `qarTuli eklesiis Sinagani
warmoadgendes jdomis wesi Cvenamde
diptiqi~, 26 1 xolo ufrCxilebod war-
moRweul dokumentSi _ `gangeba dar-
modgenil episkoposTa rigi mocemulia
bazobisa~. am dokumentSi mefis marcx-
`kurTxeva mironisa, gangeba darbazo-
niv jdeboda Wyondideli, magram Cven
bisas~ mixedviT:
k urT xev a miro nis a, gan geb a darb azo bis a, qar Tuli samarT lis Ze gle bi,
saqarTvelo s samoc iqulo e klesia, t. II, gv. 250.
260
II, 1965, g v. 47;
26 1
421
mefe
Wyondideli
(afxazeTis kaTalikosi)
qarTlis kaTalikosi
(quTaTeli)
somxiTis mitropoliti
alaverdeli
(bedieli)
mTavarepiskoposi
qisiyeli
(cixe-gojeli)
mawyvereli
kumurdoeli
ninowmideli
iSxneli
anCeli arqimandriti
mtbevari
wurwyabeli
wyarosTaveli
eruSneli
mangleli
winwyaroeli
rusTveli
wilkneli
kawareli
urbneli
mrueli
samTavneli
niqozeli
valaSkerteli
bolneli
aneli
kareli
xarWaSneli
tfileli
walkeli
baneli
Werem-qalaqeli
dmaneli
dadaSneli
giSeli
422
episkoposTa Soris mxolod qarTlis
kiceT marTali, xolo ganxadeT gularZ-
kaTalikosi jdeboda `taxtsa zeda mokidebiT~. darbazobis dros mxolod erTi

taxti idga _ mefisa. mefis taxti, SesaZloa, iyo ara mxolod savarZeli, aramed
raRac SemaRlebuli adgili, romlis SuaSi
nilni, iwyeT Cem zeda... nu Tval asxamT

mTavarTa simdidrisaTvis, nuca glaxakTa udeb hyofT simcirisaTvis~...
iv. javaxiSvilis Tanaxmad, krebis
mowvevis umTavresi mizani yofila qarT-
jdeboda mefe, xolo am taxtis erT kideSi, marjvena mxares, `taxtsa zeda mokidebiT~ jdeboda qarTlis kaTalikosi. simbolurad es iyo gamoxatuleba imisa, rom
lis imdroindeli kaTalikosis gadayeneb a. ma r Tl a c, me ma t ia n e w er s , r om :

`winamZRvarTa krebisaTa... ara inebes Soris
maTsa yofad maSindeli igi qarTlisa
kaTalikosi mefis taxtis moziare iyo

qveynisa da eris sulieri mmarTvelobis
saqmeSi (marcxena mxares, rogorc aRiniSna, albaT, afxazeTis kaTalikosi).
Tamar mefe gansaxilvel saeklesio
krebaze taxtze ar damjdara, aramed
`martod~. taxtze rom damjdariyo, wesis Tanaxmad, mis marjvniv unda damjdariyo imdroindeli qarTlis kaTalikosi miqaeli. miqaels ki saeklesio wesis darRveviT mitacebuli hqonia Wyondideloba. esec ar ukmarnia, mwignobarTuxucesoba da mawyverelobac miuta-
kaTalikosi, rameTu winaukmo rame iwyo

wesTagan eklesiisaTa da Wyondidel-mawyvereloba da mwignobarT-uxucesoba moeveraga uflisagan, aramed vera ganayenes,
daRacaTu friad iRuawes~... 262
ras niSnavda eklesiisa da saxelmwifosaTvis is, rom qarTlis kaTalikosma miiTvisa Wyondideloba da mwignobarTuxucesoba? am kiTxvas pasuxobs iv.
javaxiSvili: `miqael kaTalikozis zraxvisa da gegmis politikuri mniSvneloba
cxadia, misi da mis momxreTa mizani
saxelmwifo xelisuflebis xelSi Cagde-
cia. mawyvereli episkoposi unda damjdariyo qarTlis kaTalikosis qvemoT, igi

erT-erT umTavres, sapatio, samefo karze
didi gavlenis mqone kaTedras warmoadgenda. xolo, rac Seexeboda Wyondidels,
igi mefis marcxniv unda damjdariyo.
`samefo wesiT~ Tamaris dajdomis SemTx-
bac iyo. viTarca saqarTvelos eklesiis

kaTalikoz-patriarqi, igi qarTuli eklesiis mesaWe iyo. vazirTa upirvelesobisa da mwignobarTuxucesobis miRebiT
mas saero, saxelmwifo xelisuflebis
xelSi Cagdebac surda. xolo, radgan
qarTuli saxelmwifo samarTlis ZaliT
vevaSi, `gangeba darbazobis~ wesi srulad verc Sesruldeboda, mefis marjvena, marcxena da sxva mTavari adgilebi
erT kacs hqonda mitacebuli. es yvela
damswre episkoposisaTvis TvalsaCino iyo.
SesaZloa, mefem amitomac brZana krebis
gaxsnisas: `hoA wmidano mamano, Tqven
RmerTisa mier ganCinebul xarT moZRvrad
Cuenda da mmarTvelad wmidisa eklesiisa... gamoiZieT yoveli keTilad da daamt-
mwignobarTuxucesi mefis `mamad~ iyo miCneuli da mis daukiTxavad mefes araferi

ar unda gaekeTebina, amitom miqaels amieridan TviT mefezec ki meti Zala da
xelisufleba eqneboda. mefes saeklesio
saqmeebSi uSualod Carevis ufleba ar
hqonda da xeli ar miuwvdeboda, miqaeli ki orisave, saero-saxelmwifo da
saeklesio xelisuflebis mqonebeli da
gamaerTianebeli iyo, radganac miqaeli
262
qar Tlis cx ovreba, II, 1959, gv. 118.
423
kaTalikozi iyo. es garemoeba saxelmwi-
mxolod saimperatoro, aramed adgilo-
fosa da saero cxovrebaSi aucileblad

eklesiis gabatonebas moaswavebda. es
brivi administraciuli mmarTveloba, wes-
saistorio mecnierebaSi wodebul cezaropapizms udrida da romis eklesiis uflebriv Semecnebas miemsgavseboda... eklesiis mesveurT politikuri upiratesobis xelSi Cagdebac ucdiaT da moux-
saepiskoposoebi. episkoposTa miTiTebeb-
263
rigis centrebad da adgilebad iqcnen

sa da gankargulebebs emorCileboda qaosur mdgomareobaSi myofi sazogadoeba,
amitomac eklesiis xelSi aRmoCnda ara
mxolod saeklesio, aramed saxelmwifoe-
erxebiaT kidec~.
maSasadame, `sasuliero mwyemsTavris
brivi, saero mmarTvelobac, Tavisi sasa-
xelSi saero da saeklesio xelisuflebis

mTeli sadaveebi iyrida Tavs~. 264
iv. javaxiSvils gamorkveuli aqvs, rom
VIII ss-Si dasavleT romis imperiaSi episko-
`Wyondideli mwignobarTuxucesi da vazirTa upirvelesi, faqtobrivad, saqarTvelos mefis moadgile da saxelmwifos

marTva-gamgeobis namdvili saWeTmpyrobeli iyo, romelsac `xelmwifis karis garigeba~ mefis `mamasac~ ki uwodebs~. 265
msoflio eklesiisaTvis ar iyo ucxo
eklesiis ierarqTa mier saxelmwifos
marTva, eklesiis mier saxelmwifoebrivi
marTvis sadaveebis aReba.
mociqulTa 34-e kanoniT, Tavisi Temis uzenaesi mmarTvelobis ufleba hqonda
episkoposs jer kidev I-III ss-Si, qris-
marTloebiTa da sxva funqciebiT. VposTa saxelmwifoebrivi mniSvnelobis gazrdam, cxadia, gazarda am episkoposTa meTauris romis papis Zalmosileba.
es procesi, rogorc aRiniSna, ar
iyo ucxo msoflio eklesiisaTvis pirvel aTaswleulSi, maSin, roca msoflio
eklesia jer kidev erTiani iyo da dasavleT evropis eklesiac marTlmadideblurad iTvleboda. bizantiis imperiaSi sxvagvari mdgomareoba iyo. aq imperatoris
Zalaufleba ar SezRudula, saxelmwifo
moxeleebi srulad asrulebdnen TavianT
funqciebs, amgvar viTarebaSi eklesiac
saxelmwifo zedamxedvelobis qveS myo-
tianobis saxelmwifo sarwmunoebad aRiarebamde. devnis pirobebSi mcirericxovani qristianuli Temebi mxolod sakuTari episkoposis uzenaes, maT Soris,
iuridiuli saxis mmarTvelobas cnobd-
fi sasuliero dawesebuleba iyo, rom-
nen. marTalia, qristianebi emorCilebodnen

imdroindel saero xelisuflebas, magram es iZulebis Sedegi iyo. misi aR-
episkoposis da sxva ramdenime episkoposis
sruleba xdeboda sakuTari episkoposis

miTiTebis an nebarTvis Semdeg. cnobilia, rom V-VIII ss-Si, imis Semdeg, rac
dasavleT romis imperiaSi barbarosuli
misvla ara mxolod miqael kaTalikosis
tomebis Semosevebis Sedegad daeca ara
wifoebrivi xelisuflebis dasustebiT.
iv. javax iSv ili, T xz ule ban i, 1984, t. VII,

javaxiSvili, Txzulebani, t. VII, gv. 113.
263
lis funqcia saxelmwifo interesebis

dacviT gamoixateboda.
rogori mdgomareoba iyo am mxriv
saqarTveloSi, ras efuZneboda Wyondideli
(maT Soris mwignobarTuxucesis) saxelmwifoebrivi mmarTvelobis sadaveebTan
dros, aramed manamdec da mis Semdegac?
es gamowveuli unda yofiliyo saqarTveloSi VII-VIII ss-Si saero-saxelm-
gv. 115;
26 4
n ark v.,
III, 1979 , g v 297;
26 5
iv.
424
Cans, CvenSi eklesia moqceula iseve,
maneTisagan administraciulad damoukide-
rogorc moiqca eklesia dasavleT evropasa da somxeTSic msgavsi viTarebis,

e.i. saero xelisuflebis dasustebis
dros. èklesia TandaTanobiT gadaiqca
saxelmwifo mmarTvelobis organod. es
beli eklesiebi _ sapatriarqoebi (konstantinopolisa, aleqsandriisa, antioqiisa, ierusalimisa da sxv.).

msgavsadve, saqarTveloSi VI-X ss-Si
Camoyalibda ramdenime saxelmwifoebrivi er-
gansakuTrebiT SesamCnevi gaxda mas Semdeg, rodesac moxda romis imperiis dayofa or saxelmwifod: dasavleT romis
imperiad da aRmosavleT bizantiis impe-
Teuli, romelTac moicavda sulierad erTiani qarTuli eklesia Tavisi ori _

qarTlisa da afxazeTis _ sakaTalikosoTi.
rogorc mravalgzis aRvniSneT, VI
riad (IV-V ss). da ai, dasavleTSi, pirvel

xanebSi imperiis xelisuflebis ararsebobis da barbarosi germaneli tomebis
batonobis periodSi, eklesiis mmarTvelni
_ episkoposebi da mitropolitebi _
rCebodnen kanonierebisa da wesrigis
erTaderT warmomadgenlebad qveyanaSi.
romis saepiskoposo kaTedris mesveurni,
romis papebi, TandaTanobiT TavianT xelSi aerTianebdnen saeklesio da saero
saxelmwifo xelisuflebas da gadaiqcne n imper iis xel isuf leb isag an
damoukidebel mmarTvelebad. 752 wels
ss-Si qarTlSi moispo an Zalze Sesustda saxelmwifo Zalaufleba. mematianeTa cnobiT, VII-VIII ss-Si arabebi devnidnen vaxtang gorgasalis, e.w. `xosroian~
mefeTa STamomavlebs, xolo bagrationebis
xelisufleba jer kidev ar iyo ganmtkicebuli. mterma mniSvnelovnad gaanadgura provinciaTa saero sammarTvelo
aparati. am rTul dros, rogorc Cans,
CvenSic, iseve rogorc sxvagan, romelic ganxiluli iyo zemoT, saeklesiosasuliero mmarTveloba (kaTalikosi da
episkoposebi) gadaiqca kanonierebisa da
papma zaqariam frankTa saxelmwifos

mefed akurTxa saxlTuxucesi pipini,
romelmac romis imperias samflobelod
uboZa yvela is miwa, romlebic CamoerTva langobardebs. am aqtiT safuZveli Caeyara papebis saero xelisuflebas
(755 w.)... saimperatoro taxtis boZeba
wesrigis centrad. es kargad Cans serapion zarzmelis cxovrebidan, roca samcxeSi didi mTavrebi erTmaneTs waekidnen, mawyverelma episkoposma SeZlo maTi
damorCileba da saero xelisuflebis
xelSi aReba, man am qveynis mTeli `gangeba~ Tavis xelSi aiRo da Tavis `sabrZa-
romis papebis xelSi moeqca~. 266

r om is i mp er ii s d aS li s Se md go m
saukuneebSi, yofili imperiis dasavleTSi, ramdenime saxelmwifo Camoyalibda,
romelTa saxelwodebebi da sazRvrebi
xSirad icvleboda, magram dasavleTSi
arsebobda mxolod erTi saeklesio xelisufleba _ romis papisa. aRmosavleTSi ki arsebobda erTi saxelmwifo
bizantia, romelSic arsebobdnen erT-
neblad~ aqcia. `mawyverelma meSfoTeTa

adgil-mamulic TavisTvis daitova~. 267
rogorc Cans, qarTuli eklesia marTavda kaxeTs, `qorepiskoposis~ institutis saSualebiT, roca iq arc samefo
da arc mTeli qveynis momcveli xelisufleba ar arsebobda. rogorc cnobilia,
wanarTa qorepiskoposma, sasuliero pirma,
Tavis xelSi aiRo saero xelisuflebac.
`saero da sasuliero xelisuflebis erTi
266
saq arTvel os isto riis narkveve bi, II, 1973, gv. 60 0;
267
iqv e, gv. 305.
425
piris xelSi gaerTianebis aseTi tradi-
leT saqarTvelos erT nawilSi saekle-
cia ucxo ar aris saqarTvelos mTianeTis mosaxleobisaTvis~. 268 kaxeTSi sa-
sio iurisdiqcias axorcielebda konstantinopolis sapatriarqo. amas unda miu-
suliero piris _ qorepiskoposis xelT

iyo saero mmarTvelobac IX s-Sic. Semdeg mis xelT, rogorc fiqroben, mxolod saero xelisufleba darCenila.
qarTul eklesias Zala da gavlena
TiTebdes is, rom misi memkvidre Wyondideli episkoposi atarebda bizantiur

titulebs `svingelozi~ da `protoupertimosi~ (aRsaniSnavia, rom bizantiis
imperatori basili porfirogeneti Tavis
hqonda TbilisSic arabTa mmarTvelobis dros. arabTa mier Sepyrobilma
mier gacemul 980 wlis xrisobulaSi

Tornike erisTavs `svingelozis~ titu-
wmida konstanti kaxma werilebi miswera Tbilisis monastrebis berebsa da

winamZRvrebs: `miwera wignebi yovelTa
liT moixseniebs 271). Wyondideli episkoposi jer kidev manam, sanam mas `Wyondidelis~ saydari miecemoda (e.i. fasi-
mimarT meudabnoeTa qalaqisiTa da ma-
sis an sxva romelime berZnuli eparqiis
masaxlisiTa monasterisaTa~.
Cans, arabTa Tbiliseli amira grZnobda Zalas
qarTuli eklesiisa da gadawyvita taoklarjeTSi anCis saepiskoposo saydarze
episkoposi dasavleT saqarTveloSi), mTel

mxareSi udidesi saero da saeklesio
avtoritetis piri unda yofiliyo. dasavleT saqarTveloSi VII-VIII ss-Si ume-
Tavisi warmomadg enlis, epi skopos

cqiris, daniSvna. 27 0
grigol xanZTelis cxovrebidan kargad Cans, rom eklesia Tavis uflebam-
fobisa da qaosis dros mis xelSi did

saerTo Zalauflebas unda moeyara Tavi,
Cans, igi exmareboda qarTul saero xelisuflebas afxazTa samefos Camoyali-
osilebas saero xelisuflebaze maRla

ayenebda, hqonda kidec avtoriteti da
gavlena saero cxovrebaze, miT umetes,
VII-VIII ss-Si, roca araTu centraluri
bebis saqmeSi, am samefos daarsebis Semdeg ki, rac giorgi II-m (922-957) kaTedra martvilSi (WyondidSi) gadaitana,
mas kvlav SeunarCuna ara mxolod saek-
saero xelisufleba, kuTxeebSi feodaluri

samTavroebic ki ar arsebobda.
msgavsad kaxeTisa da samcxisa, VIIVIII ss-Si eklesia erT-erTi mmarTveli
Za la unda yo fil iyo das avl eT
lesio, aramed saero Zalauflebac afxazTa samefoSi. albaT, am Tavisi didi

saero da saeklesio avtoritetis gamo
d av i T a R ma S e ne b el m a W y on d id e l ob a
SeuTavsa mwignobarTuxucesobas da is
saqarTveloSic, xosroian mefeTa taxtis dacemis periodSi. marTalia, Wyondidis saepiskoposo daarsda X s-Si, ma-
daniSna Tavis vazirad. Wyondideli _

`vazirTa upirvelesi~, e.i. saero mmarTveli iyo. xelmwifis karis garigebis Tanax-
gram am cnobili saepiskoposos winamorbedi fasisis saepiskoposo mTel dasavleT

saqarTveloSi erT-erTi yvelaze avtoritetuli unda yofiliyo X s-mde
mad, mwignobarTuxuces-Wyondideli _
`viTa mama ars mefisa, agre yvela sauravi uimisod ar iqnebis~, JamTaaRmwerelis sityviT, `samefosa~ da `samefo sax-
da VII-VIII ss-Sic, maSin, roca dasav-
lis~ gangebac mis xelT iyo, igi ga-
269
saq arTvel os isto riis n arkveve bi, II, 1973, gv 39 0; 269 Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli Zeglebi, I,
1964, gv. 167; 27 0 qrestomaTia, 1946, gv. 145; 27 1 georgika, 8, 1970, gv. 170.
268
426
nagebda saxelmwifoSi marTlmsajulebasac da `saajo kars~ edga saTaveSi.

mis gansagebelTa Soris samxedro saqmes
mniSvnelovani adgili ekava. aseve unda
yofiliyo jer kidev afxazTa samefos
daarsebamdec VII-VIII ss-Si, am samefos
posobis instituti svaneTSi imave dros

unda Camoyalibebuliyo, rodesac Camoyalibda igi kaxeTSi da sxvagan. `rogorc
T. papuaSvili da zogierTi sxva mkvlevari varaudobs, qorepiskoposis instituti saqarTveloSi Tavdapirvelad ueWve-
daarsebisa da erTiani saqarTvelos saxelmwifos Camoyalibebis Semdegac. Cans,

amitomac iyo, rom laSqrobebi da laSqris
organizaciis sakiTxebi uimisod ar wydeboda. saeWvoa, rom es ukanaskneli fun-
lad saberZneTidan Semovida, Tumca amis

werilobiTi dadastureba yvelaze adre
VII-VIII ss-is abasTumnis epigrafikul
warweraSi mogvepoveba. am Zeglze dayrdnobiT T. papuaSvili daaskvnis, rom
qcia daviT aRmaSenebels mieniWebina

episkoposisaTvis, Tuki am saepiskoposos msgavsi qmedebis saukunovani tradicia ar gaaCnda.
qarTuli eklesia saero da sasuliero xelisuflebas garkveulwilad flobda
ara mxolod aRmosavleT saqarTvelos
mTianeTSi `qorepiskoposis~ institutis
meSveobiT, aramed dasavleT saqarTvelos mTianeTSic, kerZod ki, svaneTSi.
qorepiskopozi samxreT saqarTveloSi

Tavdapirvelad sasuliero da saero xelisuflebiT iyo aRWurvili~. 273
svaneTi warmoadgenda cagereli da
caiSeli episkoposebis samwysos, maT svaneTSi hyavdaT TavianTi qorepiskoposebi,
romelTa xelSi, rogorc aRiniSna, saero
xelisufleba moeqca garkveuli saxiT.
saqarTvelos sxva kuTxeTa msgavsad
svaneTSi arsebobda saydrisSvilTa in-
`wyaroebze dakvirveba gviCvenebs, rom

saqarTvelos saxelmwifos dasustebisa
da politikuri daqucmacebulobis Semdeg svaneTSi eklesiis gavlena erTxans
isev Zlieri yofila. amitom centraluri
xelisuflebis mxardaWeris gareSe darCenili adgilobrivi privilegirebuli
wodebis warmomadgenlebi eklesias etmasnebian, masTan gaerTiandnen (`SeyrilobaTa~ msgavsad), raTa qristianuli
ideologiis ZaliT ecadaT xelisuflebis Sesustebis kompensacia da Zalaufleba SeenarCunebinaT~... 272
ase yofila XIV-XV ss-Si, magram
qorepiskoposis institutis qveS saerosasuliero xelisufleba moqceuli unda
yofiliyo gacilebiT adrec, jer kidev
saqarTvelos gaerTianebamde. qorepiko-
stituti. saydrisSvilebi, Cans, ewodebodaT romelime gavlenian eklesiasTan

gaerTianebuli privilegirebuli pirebis
korporacias, romelTa mimarT mefeebs
garkveuli valdebuleba ekisrebaT. 274
è. xoStariam yuradReba gaamaxvila
imaze, rom `largvisis saydrisSvilebi~,
`gergetis saydrisSvilebi~, `ruisis saydrisSvilebi~, agreTve svaneTis sinamdvileSi fiqsirebuli saydrisSvilebi
(`mTavarmowamis saydrisSvili~, `setisa
mTavarmowamis saydrisSvilebi~) metnaklebad privilegirebul da gabatonebul
aznaurTa jgufs an mis calkeul warmomadgenlebs gulisxmoben~. 275
qarTuli eklesiis udides gavlenas
saero cxovrebaze Tavisi asaxva upovia
qarTuli samarTlis ZeglebSic, `meore
g. gasvian i, svaneTis e klesiis istor iisaTvis (qore piskopo zi da saydriSvilebi) , macn e, isto riis
seria, 2, 1986, gv. 81; 27 3 iqv e, gv. 7 2; 27 4 e. xoStaria (bro se), fe odaluri xanis saqarT velos mTisa
da b aris ur TierTob is sakiTxebi, Tb, 19 84, gv. 117-122; 27 5 g. gasvian i, dasax. naSr., gv. 78.
27 2
mefe episkoposia~, _ brZanebs bagrat
27 6
427
marTavdnen kidec, rogorc es zemoT Cans.
kurapalatis samarTali.
rogorc aRiniSna, somxuri eklesia,
amitomac unda vifiqroT, rom `samarTali berZnuli~ qarTulad gvian aris Targ-
ise, rogorc dasavleT evropis eklesia,

saxelmwifo xelisuflebis funqciebsac
kisrulobda istoriis garkveul etapebze, rac gamowveuli iyo samefo xelisuflebis sisustiT Sesabamis dros,
mnili, im dros, roca qarTuli eklesiis Zala Sesustebuli iyo. bizantiasa

da saqarTveloSi eklesiaTa bunebrivi
mdgomareoba gansxvavebuli iyo. ivane javaxiSvilis azriT, `qarTuli eklesia Tavis
amas kargad xsnis arseni safareli somxuri eklesiis istoriis gadmocemisas.
weswyobilebis bevri TvisebiT ufro romis saSualo saukuneebis eklesias mia-
saero-sasamarTlo funqciebsac somxeTSi arcTu iSviaTad varTapetebi asrulebdnen, isini iyvnen rjulmdeblebi, mas-
gavda, vidre erTmorwmune berZenTa da

rusTa eklesiebs. 278
aq igulisxmeba ara sarwmunoebrivi
wavleblebi da mosamarTleebi, rogorc es
msgavseba dasavleT evropis eklesiasTan,
Cans mxiTar goSis samarTlis versiidan.

saqarTveloSic miiCneoda, rom `mefisa da
kaTalikosis saqme _ orisave swori aris~
(vaxtangis samarTlis wignis 25-e muxli).
aramed samarTlebrivi. isic unda aRiniSnos, rom jer kidev vaxtang gorgaslamde episkoposi glonoqori daniSnuli iyo
qarTlisa da hereTis (albaneTis) erisTa-
rogorc mravaljer aRiniSna, bagratis

samarTlis 102-e muxlSi naTqvamia, rom
`meore mefe episkopozi ariso~. saero
da sasuliero xelisuflebis Tanasworo-
vad _ saero mmarTvelad, e.i. samRvdeloebis xelSi saero xelisuflebac Tavmoyrili iyo sparsTa nebiT, IV-V ss-Si.
mTavarepiskopos miqaelis xelSi didi
bis es principi, asaxulia vaxtang VIis samarTlis wignis 25-e muxlSi: `mefisa da kaTalikozis saqme... orisave
swori aris, amitom rome erTi xorcis
Zalaufleba unda yofiliyo Tavmoyrili,

amitom gabeda man vaxtang gorgasalis
Seuracxyofa. VII-VIII ss-Ta umefobisas, rogorc aRiniSna, eklesiis xelSi
xelmwifea da meore sulis~. 277

v ax t a ng V I- i s m i e r g a mo c e mu l i
berZnuli samarTlis 128-e muxlis mixedviT, sasuliero pirebs ekrZalebodaT
èriskacTa saqmeSi gareva~, ar unda
didi saero Zalaufleba gadavida. es

unda yofiliyo, rogorc aRiniSna, Wyondideli episkoposis avtoritetis uzomod gazrdis safuZveli. daviT aRmaSeneblis dros umaRles samRvdeloTa xelSi
aRezardaT maTi Svilebi, ar unda yofiliyvnen `gamgeni TavadTa saxlTani~,

ar unda yofiliyvnen soflis `moxele-
moeqca mTavrobis marTva. sasuliero

pirTa (4 monazonis da misi aparatis)
mier imarTeboda saxelmwifo, magram ima-
ni~, ar unda gareuliyvnen sxva msgavs

sa qm ee bS i. as eT i we si ar e Ta na de ba
saqarTveloSi ZvelTaganve miRebul wess.
CvenSi sasuliero pirebi araTu ereod-
rTeboda ara romelime saeklesio dawesebulebidan, aramed `xelmwifis karidan~.

xelmwife uzenaesi mmarTveli, oTxi monazoni ki mTavrobis upirvelesi wevrebi
nen saero saqmeebSi, aramed mas zogjer
da meTaurebi iyvnen. maT Soris, kaTa-
qar Tuli samarTlis Zegle bi, I, gv. 464; 27 7 i. doliZe, `samarTali b atoniSv ilis v axtangisa~,
qarT uli samarTlis Zegle bi, I, gv. 64 1; 27 8 iv. javax iSvili, tomi VI, gv. 37.
27 6
428
likosebsa da moZRvarT-moZRvarTan er-
periodSi krebas TandaTanobiT Sematebi-
Tad mwignobarTuxucesi Wyondidelic

iyo. am òTx monazons~ Soris Zalau-
an sxvadasxva kuTxidan Camosuli wevrebi,

male maT umaRlesi saero pirebic Sematebian: àRivseboda ra kreba, Semovides yovelni spasalarni da erisTavni
samefosani da moaxsenes mamaTa, raTa
fleba ganawilebuli iyo, magram rodesac Tamaris dros miqael kaTalikosis

xelSi gaerTianda Wyondideloba da mwignobarT-uxucesoba, aRmoCnda, rom mas
saxelmwifoSi udidesi Zalaufleba epyra
xelT da mefis avtoritetsac ki CrdilSi
aqcevda.
rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, saeklesio
wreebSi miCneuli yofila, rom miqael
kaTalikosis mtacebloba saeklesio kanonebis darRvevas warmoadgenda. SesaZloa,
daviT aRmaSenebelis dros, rodesac
Camoyalibda saqveyno saqmeebis sasuliero pirTa mier mmarTvelobis wesi, dadgenili iyo, rom sxvadasxva saxelo sxvadasxva pirs unda emarTa. erTi piris
xelSi saxeloTa gaerTianeba saeklesio
wesis darRvevad miuCneviaT _ miqaelmao, wers mematiane, _ `winaukmo rame
iwyo wesisagan eklesiisaTa da Wyondidelmawyvereloba da mwignobarTuxucesoba
mo ever aga ufl isa gan~ . 2 7 9 s agan geb od
mowveulma saeklesio krebam ganixila
es sakiTxi, magram miqaeli `vera ganayenes, daRacaTu friad iRuawes, ...
xolo sxvani vinme episkoposni Seicvalnes da maT wil saRmrToni kacni dasxnes da sxvani saeklesioni wesni ganmarTnes udebTa mier daxsnilni~. 280
gamarjvebulma miqaelma, romelic misi
sakiTxis ganxilvamde krebaze arc ki
dauSves, axla krebis warmarTva ineba
da sul sxva mimarTuleba misca mas.
Tavidan miqaelis sakiTxi SedarebiT viwro, mxolod sasuliero pirTa wreSi
ganuxilavT, amitomac krebas mxolod
isini eswrebodnen. sakiTxis ganxilvis
27 9
qar Tlis c xovreba, II, gv. 118;
280
iqve , gv. 119;
zogadad iRuawon Semoyvanebad siZisa TamarisaTvis, romelica yvesca~. 281

`qarTlis cxovrebis~ sxva xelnaweris mixedviT _ `maSin Sekrbes yovelni
amis samefosa didebulni, spasalarni da
erisTavni winaSe patriarqisa da episkoposTa da moaxsenes mamaTa, raTa zogad
iRuawon yovelTa Semoyvanebad siZisa TamarisaTvis~. 28 2
Tamaris meore istorikosis mixedviT, saeklesio krebas uRvawia Tamaris
saqmros moyvanisaTvis. pirvel rigSi,
siZe-mefe unda yofiliyo marTlmadidebeli, alb aT, imJamindeli viTarebis
gaTvaliswinebiT siZe CrdiloeTis qveynidan unda yofiliyo. Cans, saqarTvelos Tavisi siZlierisaTvis, imJamad, esaWiroeboda Crdilo mxareTa Tavisi gavlenis qveS moqceva an gaerTguleba. orive
siZe, Tamaris orive qmari CrdiloeTidan
iyo isini marTlmadideblebi iyvnen.
bizantiuri wesiT mefisaTvis sadedoflos SerCevis ufleba hqonda didebulTa krebas. bizantiis ukanaskneli imperatorisaTvis veneciaSi gamzadebuli sacole didebulebma daiwunes da mefes
urCies amoerCia sadedofle trapizonis
imperiidan an saqarTvelodan _ marTlmadidebeli. Cans, saukuneebiT adre aseve
moqceulan saqarTvelos saeklesio krebaze Sesuli didebulebic: `ganzraxviTa
yovelTaTa waravlines kaci vinme rusTa
samefod qristianobisa da marTl-madideblobisaTvis maT naTesavisa~. 282
281
iqve , gv. 119;
282
iqv e, gv. 35, sqolio 3.
vaxtangis Semdegdroindeli `qarTlis
cxovrebis~ mixedviT, saeklesio krebas
mohyolia warmoCena politikuri sakiTxebisa, kerZod, ganuxilavT didebulTa
moTxovna yubasaris Sesaxeb, Semdeg ki
yuTlu-arslanis dasis mier wamoyenebuli moTxovnebi.
`xolo aRivseboda ra kreba da aRdges
wmidani mamani, kualad mefe Tamar moeqca sauravTa da gansagebelTa samefosa
TvisisaTa, maSin iwyes ZueliTgan Cuelebisamebr kacTa daudgromlobisa saqme da
didebulTa vieTme xelisufalTa yves fici
esreT viTarmed àRar vegebiT ZvelTa
xelisufalTa~... 28 3
amirspasalari da mandaturTuxucesi yubasari filenjis senis gamo paralizebuli iyo. didebulTa moTxovnis gamo
Tamarma is gadaayena kidec.
laSqris `nebiTa da TneviT~ `moiSala
da daemxo~ msaxurTuxucesi afridoni.
yuTlu-arslanma moiTxova xelmwifis
kars CamorTmeoda da `karvisaTvis~ gadaecaT gangeba `micemisa da miRebisa, wyalobisa da Serisxvisani~. 284 es `gangeba~, imJamad ori pirveli piris _ Tamarisa da miqaelis xelSi iyo. rogorc
Cans, yuTlu-arslanis moTxovna ufro
Wyondidel-mwignobarTuxucesis saxelos
damxobisaken iyo mimarTuli.
rogorc iv. javaxiSvils aqvs garkveuli, èklesias saqarTveloSi Tavisi droSa
da sakuTari jari hyavda, Tavisi ymebi
da saxelmwifo marTva-gamgeobis wesebze mowyobili moxeloba moepoveboda,
Tavisi ekonomikuri politika hqonda da
Tavisive samarTali, amitom qarTul eklesias bevris mxriT saxelmwifoebrivi
sxeulis Tvisebebi etyoboda~. 285
sigel-gujarTa SeswavliT mecnierma

gamoikvlia, rom saqarTvelos kaTalikos-patriarqs hqonia ufleba sakuTari
jaris yolisa, sakuTari sardlis meTaurobiT igi laSqar-nadirobaSi gancalkevebuli saxelmwifo erTeulis saxiT
monawileobda. es kargad Cans 1362 wliT
daTariRebuli aleqsandre mefis sigelidan. 286 msgavsi uflebis Semcvelia 1772
wlis daviT kaxTa mefis gujari rusTvelisadmi. iv. javaxiSvili fiqrobs, rom
daviT aRmaSeneblisa da Tamaris dros
omebsa da brZolebSi kaTalikoss Tavisi
jaris calke sardali ar hyolia, magram, rogorc cnobilia, qvemo qarTlis
TurqTagan daWerili cixeebi daviT aRmaSeneblis dros Wyondidelma episkoposma aiRo.
rogorc iTqva, amirspasalar yubasaris avadmyofobis gamo, Cans, miqael kaTalikosis xelSi ara mxolod WyondidelmwignobarTuxucesoba, aramed laSqris,
spis gansagebelic yofila moqceuli. etyoba, amitomac, didebulTa moTxovniT
yubasars CamoerTva amirspasalaroba da
mis nacvlad sxva iqna daniSnuli. amiT
miqaelis Zalaufleba Semcirda.
`yovelgvari cilisa da xangrZlivi
gamoZiebis miuxedavad, saeklesio krebis monawileebma kaTalikosis moqmedebaSi veraferi iseTi saeklesio xasiaTis
danaSauleba ver aRmoaCines, rom misi
gadayenebisaTvis kanonieri safuZveli
yofiliyo. amitom saeklesio krebam miqaelis gadayenebis dasturi Tamarsa da
mTavrobas ar misca~. 287 miqaels darCa
mwi gnob arTu xuce soba -Wyo ndid elob ac
sikvdilamde. kaTalikos-patriarqi miqaeli krebidan ramdenime wlis Semdeg gardaicvala.
qar Tlis cx ovreba, II, gv . 119, sqolio 1; 284 iqv e, gv. 31;
37; 286 iqv e, gv. 67; 287 iv. javaxiSvili, Txz., II, gv. 372.
283
429
285
iv. javaxiSvili, T xzulebe bi, VI, gv.
430
saeklesio Sekrebani daviT aRmaSeneblisa da Tamaris karze

(kamaTi monofizitebTan)
XII s-is saqarTvelos sazRvrebs SigniT moeqca, e.w. `somexTa~ da ànisis~
samefoebi. `somexTa samefos~ uwodebdnen yofil taSir-Zoraketis samefos,
romlis mosaxleobis umetes nawils
eTnikuri warmoSobiT qarTveli cxovrobda, im droisaTvis ukve gamonofizitebuli, romelTac saqarTvelos gaZlierebis da anisis TurqTagan gaTavisuflebis Semdeg gauCndaT survili dedaek-
qarTvelebi Seadgendnen, radganac es

samefo moicavda qvemo qarTls: teritorias Tbilisidan taSirisa da abocis
CaTvliT. rogorc iTqva, am miwa-wylis
ZiriTa d mosax leo bas Sea dgen da
qarTveloba, arabTa batonobis dros
ar abT a x el Sew yob iT gaZ li ere bul ma
somexma feodalebma SeZles xelSi CaegdoT
saqarTvelos es mxare X s-Si.
lesiis wiaRSi dabrunebisa. yovelive

e s (d a va s a mw ys o sa T vi s) am Za f re bd a
urTierTobas qarTul da somxur eklesiebs Soris, aRZravda rjulis mcodneebs umaRlesi msajulis _ saqarTvelos mefis karze emtkicebinaT TavianTi sarwmunoebis WeSmariteba.
dav iT a RmaS eneb lis isto riko sis
Tanaxmad, mefis karze aseTi paeqroba-
aRsaniSnavia, rom cota ufro adre somexma feodalebma (aznaurebma) SeZles albaneTis zogierTi kuTxis xelSi Cagdeba. somexi mmarTvelebis batonobis gamo
qarTlis am nawils `somexTa samefo~
ewoda. samefoSi mcxovrebi mkvidri qarTuli mosaxleoba, iqamde samwyso qarTuli eklesiisa, TandaTanobiT somxuri eklesiis iurisdiqciaSi eqceoda gamonofizitebis gziT.
taSir-Zoraketis samefo Turq-seljukebisagan gaaTavisufla daviT aRmaSenebelma Wyondideli episkoposis monawileobiT, 1088-1122 wlebSi. qarTulma
eklesiam, cxadia, daiwyo zrunva mkvidri qarTvelebis dedaeklesiaSi dasabruneblad, maTi kvlav gaqalkedonitebisaTvis
(somex mefeTa mmarTvelobis dros qvemo
qarTlis mTlian mkvidr qarTul mosax-
kamaTi marTlac gamarTula. daviT aRmaSenebels `somexTa mefe~ da SahanSa

(anisis mefe) ewodeboda, magram mas qarTvel-s omexTa sarwmu noebriv kamaT isas
qarTuli sarwmunoeba daucavs, Tumca
ki daviT aRmaSenebeli, rogorc cnobilia, somexTa mfarvelic iyo. `q. anisis
mahmadianTa batonobisagan gaTavisufleba davi T aR maSe nebe ls d idis amb iT
udResaswaulia. maTe urhaelis sityviT,
rodesac saqarTvelos mefem mefeTa sajdomi qalaqi anisi, romelic samocis
wlis ganmavlobaSi monobaSi iyo da anisis saxelovani didi da wmida kaTolike
eklesia, romelic mizgiTad iyo qceuli,
gaaTavisufla, maSin somexTa episkoposni da xucesni da moweseni Sekriba da
akurTxa wmida kaTolike didi zeimiTa~. 288
qarTuli wyaros cnobiT, es momxdara
leobas ar uaruyvia marTlmadidebluriqalkedonuri sarwmunoeba da dedaeklesia). anisis somexTa samefoSic mravali
1123 wels. k. kekeliZis azriT, am dros

unda momxdariyo qarTvel da somex sasuliero pirTa paeqroba. 289
288
iv. javaxiSvili, t. II, 1983, gv. 20 8;
289
k. kekeliZe, Zv eli qar T. lit eratur is ist. , t. I, gv. 274.
431
mematiane wers: `Semokrba odesme
piri maTi da upasuxo yvna da yovlad
winaSe mefisa naTesavni gularZnilni,

yovlad borotTa somexTa episkoposebi
usityvel, viTarca odesme didman basili aTinas Sina. ese mwvalebelni da
da monasterTa maTTa winamZRvrebi mravali

friad... da moaxsenes raTamca yo brZanebiTa misiTa kreba da yvesmca sityvisg eb a d a g am o Zi e ba sj u li sa : u k eT u
iZ liv nen som exn i iq mne n T anae rTx ma
esoden zargaxdil yvna da yovlad uRono,

romelTa aRiares cxadad Zleuleba Tvisi amisaTa oden metyvelTa viTarmed:
`Cven, mefeo, mowafe gvegone amaT moZRvarTa TqvenTa, garna viTar vxedavT, Sen
sjulisa da Tvisi sjuli SeaCvenon, xolo

ukeTu sZlon somexTa, esoden miemad-
same xar moZRvari moZRvarTa, romlisa

brWalsa ver mimwuTar arian ege moZR-
los, raTa arRara gviwoddeTo mwvaleblad da arca SegvaCvenebdeT~. 290

marTlac, mefes ubrZanebia krebis
var sagonebelni Tqvenni~. 292 am sityvebiT somexma RvTismetyvelebma daamcires qarTveli rjulismoZRvrebi, romelTac
mowvev a albaT, Tb ilisSi. `m ouwoda
ara `moZRvrebi~, aramed `moZRvarsagone-
mef e man c a io ane s, kaT al ikossa

qarTlisasa da mis queSeTa episkoposTa da meudabnoeTa da arsenis iyalToelsa, Targmansa da mecniersa berZenTa
belni~, viTom moZRvrebi uwodes. aseTi

Sefaseba calmxrivi rom iyo, iqidanac
Cans, rom krebaSi monawileobda TviT
arsen iyalToeli, romelsac iqamde Targ-
da qarTvelTa enaTasa da ganmanaTlebelsa yovelTa eklesiaTaTa da sxva mecnierTa da brZen kacTa~. 29 1

marTlac, kreba warmomadgenlobiTi
mnili hqonda dogmatikur-polemikuri

Txzulebani (`dogmatikoni~). masSi Sesul 31 polemikuri xasiaTis TxzulebaTagan 6 iakobitTa, monofizitTa, xolo
yofila. didxansac gagrZelebula paeqroba

_ ciskridan `cxra Jamamde~, e.i. daaxloebiT dilis 6-7 saaTidan saRamos 67 saaTamde, magram ver dauboloebiaT,
3 somxuri eklesiis `somexTa~ winaaRmdeg iyo mimarTuli. 293 SemdgomSi igi

somxur enazec uTargmniaT iqamde somxuri eklesiis iurisdiqciaSi moqceuli,
`veras uZles daboloebad~. mizezi amisa

yofila orive mxaris òrkerZove Zlevis moyvareba oden da cud sityvaTa
paeqroba, rameTu Sevidian SeuvalTa
saqmeTa da Zniad gamosavalTa~. 290
somxurenovani, anda somxuri ganaTlebis mqone qarTvelebisaTvis. es rom asea,

iqidanac Cans, rom somxurad uTargmniaT èvstaTi nikielis Sroma somexTa
SeCveneba~, ara mgonia eTnikuri war-
saboloo sityva mefem warmoTqva, igi

mimarTuli iyo somexTa mimarT: ìwyo
maTda sityuaTa Tqmad, romelsa RmerTi
moSobiT somxebis, Tundac qalkedonitebisaTvis eTargmnaT `somexT SeCveneba~.

uTargmniaT aseve `Tavni somexTa wvaleb-
moscemda ueWvelad pirsa missa, esodenTa igavTa da saxeTa winadaudgeboda,

axsnaTa sakvirvelTa mier winadaudgromelTa da ucilobelTa, romliTa
isani ocda-aTni~ 294 da sxv.

rogorc mematiane aRniSnavs, daviT
aRmaSenebels uSualo monawileoba miuRia qarTul-somxur paeqrobaSi da,
daanTqna, viTarca megviptelni da dauyo
cxadia, erovnuli eklesiis poziciebi
qarTlis cxovreba, I, gv. 356;

278; 29 4 iqve, gv. 283.
29 0
29 1
iqve, gv. 365;
29 2
iqve, gv. 365;
29 3
k. kekeliZe, dasax. naSr., gv.
432
daucavs, saqarTvelos mefis karze sxva
saqarTvelos dedaqalaqSi, samefo
dr osa c ga ima rTa ka maT i sa rwm uno ebriv sakiTxebze. es momxdara Tamar
mefis dros.
mematiane wers: `movides Zmani orni
mefis winaSe msaxurebad, Zeni sargis
karze `daidga samsjavro da dajda dedofali, dedoflisa mosavi, daviT mefe

da warCinebulni saqarTvelosani erTkerZo, mxargrZeli zaqaria da ivane erTkerZo, mouwodes kaTalikossa ioanes~, 296
amirspasalarisani, romelni mas Jamsa

didad gandidebulni iyvnes mefisa mier:
zaqaria amirspasalari da ivane msaxurTuxucesi. yovelni mkvidrni mefis winaSe
daiwyo paeqroba. unda vifiqroT, rom es

paeqroba sarwmunoebriv momentTan erTad Seicavda politikurs da gamoxatuleba iyo samefo karze, saqarTvelos
iyvnes: kaTalikosi ioane, sulmoberuli,

kaci angelozTa mosagre, da mcireni
episkoposni da sxvanica saqarTvelos
warCinebulni Sekrebul iyvnes~. 295 mefis
sasaxleSi arsebul eklesiaSi qarTvel
kaTalikoss Jamiswirva (liturRia) aRusrulebia, wirvis damTavrebis Semdeg yvelani iq myofni misulan sefiskveris
SesaWmelad, maT Soris amirspasalari
zaqaria. misTvis mRvdlebs ar miuciaT
sefiskveri, `rameTu iyo sarwmunoebiT
somexi~. 295 es uTakilnia zaqarias `da
sircxviliTa ikadra aRtacebad sefiskver-
mTavrobaSi, arsebuli winaaRmdegobisa

òTx monazonTa~ da mxargrZelTa Soris,
anu qarTvel umaRles sasuliero pirTa (kaTalikos-Wyondidelisa) da amirspasalar-vezirTa Soris (mandaturTuxucesoba, `karis garigebis~ Tanaxmad,
mxargrZelTa `SanSeTa saxlis~ xelSi
iyo, msaxurTuxucesoba ivane mxargrZelis xelSi iyo).
paeqrobisas `viTar uwyiT, somexTa
sityvamisveobisa, Zlieri RaRadi aRuteves, cilobisa swori Zleva iqmneboda~. 296 qarTvelma kaTalikosma somxebs
isa SeWmad~. 295 amas Zalze gaujavrebia

qarTlis kaTalikosi, igi `cecxlebr aRtyinebuli~ amxilebda zaqarias. Seuracxyofili zaqaria mefis sasaxleSi vaxSmobisas sajarod `sityuiTa hgmobda sarwmunoebasa Cvensa~. 29 5 kaTalikosi ki,
romelic iq iyo, `miugebda da auxsnida,
mimarTa grZeli sityviT, romelsac gadmogvcems ìstoriani da azmani SaravandedTanis~ avtori. sityvis bolos
uTxra somxebs: _ `Tu sarwmunoeba Tqveni
umjobes _ sadme ars Tqven mier Seicvalebis puri xorcad uflisad, Tu
Cveni umjobes ars Cven mier mRvdelmo-
winaaRmdgomad ver SemZlebeli zaqaria

ityoda: `me melaSqre var, ver keTilad
mecnieri var sityvis-gebad Senda, aramed
mouwodo moZRvarTa sarwmunoebisa Cvenisasa, raTa Cem wil sircxvileul gyon~,
marTlac, `zaqaria waravlina kacni kaTalikosisa mimarT maTisa Tanada episkoposTa, yovelTa vardapetTa da mecnierTa~, 295 Camosula `kaTalikosi vanisa da
yoveli vardapetni~.
qmedebuli Seicvalebis xorcad uflisad~. 297 Semdeg mokamaTe mxareebs gadauwyvetiaT `saqmiT gamoeCinaT~, Tu romelTa mier Sewiruli wmida msxverpli gadaiqceoda liturgiisas wmida xorcad
uflisa. Semdeg es ucnauri xerxiT SeumowmebiaT, kerZod, orive mxares sami
dRiT ZaRlebi daumSeviaT, Semdeg ki maT
win daudgamT wmida ZRveni. qarTvelTa
Senawirs mSieri ZaRli ar gahkarebia,
29 5
qar Tlis c xovreb a, II, gv. 82;
29 6
iqv e, gv. 83;
29 7
iqv e, gv. 85.
433
somexTa Senawiri ki ZaRls SeuWamia.
wevrobis gamo. aseTive warmoSobis `somx-
gamarjvebiT gaxarebuli qarTveli kaTalikosi Sesula laSqarSi, romelTa me-
ebi~, anu `sarwmunoebiT somxebi~ (eTnikuri warmoSobiT ki qarTvelebi) mrav-
Tauri amirspasalari _ damarcxda am

ucnauri paeqrobisas. èsreT mxiaruliTa piriTa movles yoveli banaki. somexTa viTarca myvari utbo, egreT dges
uxmod, qveyanad mxedveli, viTarca odesme
lad cxovrobdnen taosa da samxreT

saqarTveloSi, qvemo qarTlsa da hereTSi. magaliTad, grigol bakurianis Zis
anderZis Tanaxmad, mis naTesavTa anda
msaxurTa Soris yofilan `sarwmunoebiT
mRvdelni astartesni~.
ivane mxargrZels amis Semdeg gadau-
somexni~, `vinaAca menebos, naTesavTa

CemTa da msaxurTa CemTa, rameTu somex-
wyvetia monaTvla, igi monaTlula ioane

kaTalikozis dros. masTan erTad sxva
somxebic monaTlulan. aqve unda aRin-
ni iyvnen sarwmunoebiTa~. 298 swored aseTi `sarwmunoebiT somexi~, eTnikuri warmoSobiT ki qarTuli mosaxleoba toveb-
iSnos, rom mxargrZelebs TavianTi Tavi
da somxuri eklesiis wiaRs da ubrun-
eTnikuri warmoSobiT miaCndaT ara somxebad, aramed sparselebad, artaqserqses

STamomavlebad. wyaroze dayrdnobiT (vardani) mecnierebi maT qurTebad miiCneven,
deboda dedaqarTul eklesias.

unda iTqvas, rom zemoaRniSnul ucnaur kamaTSi Tamar mefe ar Careula. mas
agreTve ar unebebia, rom am Sekrebas
yovel SemTxvevaSi isini iyvnen ara somxebi, aramed `sarwm unoebiT somxebi~,
rogorc mematiane uwodebs. isini `somxebad~ miiCneodnen somxuri eklesiis
`saeklesio kreba~ wodeboda, ufro sworad, mas ar ubrZanebia saeklesio krebis

mowveva. `mciredni iyvnes mun episkoposni, rameTu ara kreba eyo mefesa~. 299
pet riwonis qarTv elTa mo nastris tipiko ni, a. SaniZe , Txzul ebani, t. IX, gv. 117;
cxov reba, II, gv. 86.
29 8
29 9
qar Tlis
434
anisis Sekreba (1218 w.)

erTi saeklesio Sekreba mowveul iqna
bazarTan saqarTvelosa da somxeTze gav-
qalaq anisSi, saqarTvelos mefis brZanebiT. somxeTSi daviT aRmaSeneblamdec
liT. mxolod monRolebis dros, Crdilo eT is ò qro s urd os aga n~ da cv is
arsebobda qarTuli eklesiis mrevli,
mizniT, samxreTis urdos es gzebi jer
es mrevli iseTi mravalricxovani da

Zlieri iyo, rom maT TavianTi saepisko-
Cauketavs, Semdgom ki ufro samxreTiT

gadauwevia. somxeTi monRolebamde ze-
pos oebic
m oa R n iS n u l d a s x va m iz e z Ta
hqond aT. es ukan asknel ni,
g am o
cxadia, Sediodnen qarTuli eklesiis

iurisdiqciaSi. Cvens Zvel sabuTebSi Se-
ekonomikurad Zlier, ayvavebul qveyanas

warmoadgenda. mis savaWro da adminis-
monaxulia somxeTis zogierTi qarTve-
traciul centrebSi qarTvelebic cxov-
li episkoposis saxeli samwysos Sesa-
robdnen. Crdilo somxeTis periferieb-
bamisad. esenia: `mitropoliti somxeTi-
Si ki qarTvelebi mkvidr mosaxleobas
sa~, àneli~, `kareli~, `valaSkerte-
warmoadgendnen. saqme is iyo, rom IX-
li~, `dadaSneli~, amaT garda, arsebobda CvenTvis ucnobi saepiskoposoebic.
X ss-Si gaZlierda da aRdga somxeTis

erTiani samefo, romelmac SeZlo im
rogor moxvda qarTuli mosaxleoba
droisaTvis daSlili saqarTvelos mrava-
so mx eTS i? so mxe Ti sa erT aSo ri so

savaWro gzebze mdebareobda. monRolebis
li mxaris Tavis SemadgenlobaSi Seyvana, cxadia, qarTuli mosaxleobiT. ma-
Semosevamde es savaWro gzebi bizan-
galiTad, yarsis, anu karis, dadaSnisa
tiasa da evropas aerTebda aRmosavlur
da valaSkertis qarTuli saepiskopo-
435
soebi qarTuli mosaxleobiT dasaxle-
nen, amitomac unda vifiqroT, rom 1218
bul miwebze mdebareobdnen. es qarTu-
wels anisSi Catarda saeklesio Sekre-
li mosaxleoba VI-X ss-Si jer sparsTa, Semdgom bizantielTa da arabTa mier
ba, romlis ganaCeni Tavis xelmoweriT

daamtkica saqarTvelos patriarqma da
somxuri eklesiis uzomod gaZlierebis
Tavis saxeliT sajarod gamoaqveyna igi,
gamo gadaiqca mrevlad somxuri eklesiisa. es procesi qarTul eklesias uyura-
amoakveTina erT-erTi qarTuli eklesiis kedelze.
dRebod ar dautovebia, Sesaferisi mo-
1910 wlis zafxulSi anisis gaTxre-
mentis dadgomisTanave daaarsa am mxareSi qarTuli saepiskoposoebi, riTac
bis dros niko mars upovia, qvebze amoWrili qarTuli asomTavruli didi war-
mkvidri qarTuli mosaxleobis nawili
wera. `mkvidrno amis qalaqisano qarTvel-
gadaarCina gasomxebis aSkara safrTxes.

amito mac unda iTqvas, rom sam xreT
no!~ _ mimarTavs patriarqi anisis qarTul

samwysos, n. marisa da sxva zogierTi
saqarTveloSi ara somxuri mosaxleoba
mecnieris azriT, es `qarTvelebi~ Tur-
`qarTveldeboda~ qalkedonitobis miRebiT da qarTuli eklesiis mrevlad gada-
me sinamdvileSi qarTvelebi ar yofilan,

aramed somxebi, oRond marTlmadide-
qceviT, aramed ZvelqarTuli mosaxle-
blebi. rogorc sxvaganac mravalgzis
oba, iqamde nawilobriv armenizebuli

somxuri eklesiis mrevlad gadaqcevis
aRiniSna, aseTi midgoma araTu arasworia, aramed araeTikuricaa, radganac Seu-
g a mo ,
Se c v -
racxyofs imJamindeli aniseli qarTve-
lisTanave daubrunda mSobliur qarTu-
li qristianebis sulebsa da xsovnas.
li eklesiis wiaRs.
es `qarTvelebi~ iyvnen ara `qalkedoni-
p o li t i k u ri k l i ma t i s
anisSic mravalricxovani qarTveli
ti somxebi~, anda `qalkedoniani somxe-
mosaxleoba cxovrobda Tavisi qarTuli

eklesiebiTa da saepiskoposoTi. mraval
bi~, aramed namdvili qarTvelebi, rogorc

e Tn ik u ra d , is e k u lt ur u li Tv al -
axal eklesiasac aSenebdnen XIII s-is
sazrisiT. isini qarTvelebi rom ar yo-
d as a wyi s Si . a m a x a li ek l es i e bi s
sakurTxeblad da aniseli morwmuneeb-
filiyvnen eTnikurad da mxolod konfesiuri kuTvnilebis TvalsazrisiT yo-
is saqmeTa Sesaswavlad mcxeTidan somx-
filiyvnen qarTuli eklesiis wevrebi,
e Ti s yo fi l de da q al aq Si C as ul a
saqarTvelos kaTalikos-patriarqi eti-
maT Sesaxeb aRniSnavdnen kidec, rom

isini arian `sarwmunoebiT qarTvelebi~,
fane. mas 1218 wels ganuxilavs anisis
Tumca ki aseTi termini xelovnuria da
samRvdeloTa da mrevls Soris wamoWrili sadavo sakiTxi. radganac es sa-
arc gvxvdeba Zvel ZeglebSi, maSin, roca

termini `sarwmunoebiT somexi~ mraval-
kiTxi saeklesio iyo da uSualod exe-
gzis gvxvdeba.
boda sasuliero pirebs, unda vifiqroT,

rom Sedga sagangebo kreba samRvde-
1218 wlamde odnav adre, rogorc

iv. javaxiS vilma g amoikv lia, an isis
loebisa, romelSic patriarqTan erTad
qarTvel xucesebs gaudidebiaT is mis-
misi Tanmxlebi da adgilobrivi, agreTve

sxva sasuliero pirebi, monawileobd-
acemeli, rac maT ekuTvnodaT saeklesio wesebis Sesrulebis Semdeg. isini
436
gvirgvinis kurTxevisa da micvalebu-
res mrevls: `mkuidrno amis qala-
lis wesis agebisaTvis 100 dramas Txoulobdnen. gaudidebiaT sxva misacemel-
qisano qarTvelno, romelica ... igi pirvelad didad pativ cemdiT, mRvdelTagan
ic. amas gaumwvavebia urTierToba samwysosa da samRvdeloTa Soris. 1218 wels,
gixms locvaA da wirvaA, nu gewyinebis

maTTvis Zalisaebri misacemeli. ufro-
roca etifane kaTalikosi anisSi CabrZanebula, qarTuli eklesiebis sakurTx-
sad mxiarulebiT miscemdiT, Tvinier

daWirvebisa, `rameTu mxiarulebiT mis-
evlad `safiqrebelia, rom piradad TviT

kaTalikoss anisSi Casvlis miznad imdenad axali eklesiebis kurTxeva ar
acemeli uyvars ufalsa~ da Tqven giyvarden viTarca mamani sulierni da maT

uyvardiT viTarca Svilni sulierni.
hqonia, ramdenadac am atexili uTanxmoebis garCeva da mogvareba~. 300
locvasa nurc Tqven daakldebiT da nuca

Tqven, yovelsa zeda ufrosad saRmr-
etifane kaTalikoss, rogorc aRiniSna, gamoukvlevia sakiTxi da ganCine-
ToA igi siyvaruli erTmaneTisaA moigeT, da amiT mieciT sasurvo saRmrTo-
bac miuRia: ìtyvis xmaA saRmrToA: usasyidlod migiRebies, usasyidloT mis-
Ta mcnebaTa~. 301
etifane kaTalikoss da masTan er-
cemdiT~, mimarTavs igi anel xucesebs.
Tad saeklesio krebasac daudgeniaT mis-
àra getyviT ukvdavi RmerTi: ra mome-
acemelis odenobis samjer Semcireba. 302
ciT me im madlis safasurad, rac Cemgan miiReT? Tu Cemgan usasyidloT mi-
es 33 tfilur dramaze cota meti yofila. gardacvlilis ojaxidan xucess See-
iReT, arc Tqven unda gayidoT locva

eris mimarT~.
Zlo kidev waeRo erTi Solti Zroxis

tyavi. es misacemeli mTel saqarTvelo-
àw, sasono Cemno anelno xucesno,
Si wesad yofila dadgenili. 303
nu iqnebiT dasabrkolebel sityuaT da

nuca gardaxdebiT mociqulT mcenebasa,
etifane netar kaTalikoss anisel

qarTvelTa saqme keTilad mougvarebia
cudisa da warmavalisaTvis~ 301 _ daariga patrirqma erTi mxare _ samRvde-
da, cxadia, axal qarTul eklesiaTa

kurTxeviT saRmrTo madls gadascemda
loeba, magram iqve mimarTa meore mxa-
qarTul savaneebs somxeTSi.
300
302
iv. javaxiSvili, Txzule bani, g v. VI, gv. 34 8; 301 qar Tuli s amarTlis Zegle bi, III, 1970 , gv. 154;
iv. javax iSvili, VI, gv. 380; 303 iqv e, gv. 351.
437
[dawerili etifane kaTalikozisa anel xucesTa

sargos ganwesebis Sesaxeb] [1218 w.]
[sruli teqsti]
ityuis HmaQ saRmrToQ: usasyidlod migiRies, usasyidlod miscemdiT. ese
igi ars, getyus RmerTi ukvdavi: Cemda raQme gicemies madlisa misTuis, romeli
Cemgan miiReT/ Tquenca hyiddiT didsa madlsa Cemgan usyidulsa ukeTu me usasyidlod momicemies, arca Tquengan jer-ars syidaQ locvaTa erisa mimarT.
aw, sasono Cemo anelno xucesno, nu iqnebiT dasabrkolebel sityuaT da nuca
gardaHdebiT mociqulT mcnebasa, cudisa da warmavalisaTu[i]s.
yovlad uwys[o] ars aRebaQ Tquenganca gu[i]rgu[i]nTa kurTxevisaTu[i]s asisa
dramisa... [a]rsT Zali edvas, puri aWamos.
egreTve mkudrisaTu[i]s, romeli Wirs... ufro SesWirdebis misisa sulisaQ.
egdenive asissa tfilurisa mieces da... puri aWamos da sxuaQ waRebaQ Zalisaebrad.
yovelive misacemeli mR[delTa ubrkol]ebeli iyvn Tquenda mosacemelad.
mku[i]drno amis qalaqisano qarTvelno, r...ca... [igi] pirvelad didad pativ -cemdiT, mRdelTa gan giHms locvaQ da wirvaQ. nu gewyinebis m aTTu[i]s
Za[li]saebri misacemeli. ufrosad mxiarulebiT miscemdiT, Tuinier daWirebisa,
rameTu mxia[r]ulebiT misacemeli uy[u]ars ufalsa.
da Tquen giyuarden viTarca mamani sulierni da maT uyuardiT v[iTarca]
Svilni sulierni.
locvasa nuca Tquen daakldebiT da nuca Tquen. yovelsa zeda ufrosad saRmrToQ [igi] siyuaruli erTmeneTisaQ moigeT da amiT mieciT sasurvo saRmrToTa
mcnebaTaQ.
ese me, etifanes kaTolikozsa CemiTa HeliTa damiweria, odes anis[s] eklesiani
vakurTxen.
tfiluri asi drama igi iyos: dangi erTi g mieces da zroxis tyavi, romel
erTob wagiRia aqamdis, aw sawiravadve miscemdiT Tu[i]To Solts.
da Cuen saeklesioTa wesTagan rad SevicvalebiT/ vinca ese Cemi ga[ge]buli
Secvalos, ar... brZanebaQ RmrTisagan da misTa wmidaTagan qoronikonsa Dlh. 30 4
304
qar Tuli s amarTlis Zegle bi, III, 1970 , gv. 154.
438
SiomRvimis saeklesio kreba (XIII s-is 40-iani wlebi)

XIII s-is 40-ian wlebSi Semdgara saeklesio kreba, romelsac ganuxilavs SiomRvimis sakiTxi, amitomac SeiZleba pirobiTad am krebas `SiomRvimisa~ vuwodoT.
mTavarepiskoposi saba moixseniebs am krebas da amtkicebs krebis ganCinebas, igi
wers: `viTa wmidasa krebasa da wmidasa
mamamTavarsa Cuensa arsenis qristes mier
qarTlisa kaTalikossa ganuCenia bWobiTa
da didiTa mamamTavarTa da moZRuarTa
CuenTa xeliT-werilni... daumtkicebian,
meca glaxaki: qarTlis mTavarepiskoposi
saba xelis weriT vamtkiceb~. 305
krebis gadawyvetileba ganCinebis saxiT Camouyalibebia arsen kaTalikozs,
romelsac kanonis Zala miecemoda sxvadasxva saero da sasuliero pirTa `damtkicebis~ Semdeg.
SiomRvimes saqarTvelos monasterTa
Soris gansakuTrebuli adgili eWira imiT,
rom misi sameurneo sistema damoukidebuli iyo qarTlis sakaTalikososagan.
amiT gamoixateboda misi gansakuTrebuloba, sulierad ki, cxadia, qarTuli
eklesiis nawils warmoadgenda da mis
yovel `sulier saqmes~ ganagebda saqarTvelos sapatriarqos mRvdelmTavari,
romelsac agreTve mwignobarTuxucesi
vaziris wodeba hqonda xelmwifis karze.
arseni kaTalikosi krebis xsenebul
ganCinebaSi wers: `viTa didsa da mefeTa
Soris sanatrelsa daviTs eneba... mwignobarTuxucesi vaziri monazoni jdes
da mamaA memRime sulierTa saqmeTa maTTda
ganagebdes... ar uc saqme mRuimesa Tana
arca qarTlisa kaTalikozTa, Tvinier
locvisa da kurTxevisagan, arca episkoposTa, arca vis sxvasa episkopozTa, arca
mTavarTa visme~. 306
305
qar Tuli samarTlis Zegleb i, III, 1970, gv. 161;
yovel monastersa Tu sofels evaleboda raime gamosaRebis gaReba sakaTalikosos sasargeblod. aseTi valdebulebisagan SiomRvimis monasteri gaTavisuflebuli iyo daviT aRmaSeneblis anderZis
Tanaxmad, valdebuleba am monasters
mxolod mefeTa mimarT hqonda, kerZod,
es yofila Semdegi movaleoba: òdes
muxrans viyvneT, wmidisa SioAs xatsa
SegvamTxvivnen, sami sefiskveri, erTi
filas sazedaSe da farCiTa kapari gvievlogion, mTavarmamaman memRvimeman moiRos
juari misi, mas gvaamboron~. 307
e.i. rodesac mefe mividoda muxranis
sasaxleSi, SiomRvimis berebi valdebulni
iyvnen miebrZanebinaT mefesTan wmida Sios
xati, romelsac igi emTxveoda, aseve
unda mierTmiaT sami sefiskveri da filiT (Cans, fialiT) sazedaSe Rvino, kaparTan erTad, Semdeg monastris winamZRvars mTavarmRvimels, mefisaTvis saamborod unda miewodebina jvari. sul es
iyo monastris movaleoba. am movaleobis garda, mas aravis mimarT araviTari
valdebuleba ar gaaCnda, arc kaTalikosTa, arc episkoposTa da sxva mTavarTa
mimarT. monastris am ekonomiur-materialuri valdebulebis ucvleloba daadastura gansaxilvelma saeklesio krebam, magram amasTanave aRiniSna monastris sxva movaleobac _ es iyo sulieri
movaleoba. es iyo `locva mefeTaTvis~
da kaTalikos-patriarqis saxelis moxsenieba liturgiis dros da, cxadia, mefeTaTvis wirva-locvebis Catareba: `locvaA
wmi daTa mefe TaA z eda- ac d a Ja mniswirobani, viTa ZuelTagan... ukueTu
Cven maTni moRvaweni viyvneT, saxelsa
306
iqv e, gv. 160.
Cuensa moixsenebdnen pirvelad~, 308 _ wers
arsen kaTalikosi krebis ganCinebaSi.
Tavis anderZSi daviT aRmaSenebeli SiomRvimisadmi werda: `mefeTaTvis locva
aRasrulon viTa TviT werilni wmidani
umoZRvreben~. 30 7
marTalia, daviT aRmaSenebeli Tavis
anderZSi wers: àrca qarTlisa kaTalikozisa saqme ars mRvimesa zeda, arca
vis sxvisa episkoposisa, arca zveri,
arca mefeTa, arca muxranisa mgeTa~, 307
magram iqve sazRvravs, rom saqarTvelos sapatriarqos episkoposi, im dros
bediel-alaverdeli da mwignobarTuxucesi svimoni, unda yofiliyo SiomRvim is m on as tr i s sa qm eT a m eu rv e, e .i .
zedamxedveli. svimonis Semdeg ki es
saqmeni momdevno mwignobarTuxucesebs evalebodaT: àw svimon bediel-alaverdelsa
iyos Sevedrebul raca saqme da sauravi
maTi iyos, igi iyvofidis, romelsa Cuen
ver miviwineT da Semdgomad missa Tu
missa adgilsa amiTve wesiT sxvaA mwignobarTuxucesi iyos, igi iurvides~. 307
maSasadame, eklesiis administracia marTavda SiomRvimes, oRondac mwignobarTuxucesis xeliT. SiomRvimes samefo ojaxis
gansakuTrebuli pativiscema imiT daumsaxurebia, rom es monasteri misi erTguli yofila tradiciulad, kerZod ki, daviT
aRmaSeneblisaTvis didi samsaxuri gauwevia Sinaur mterTan omis dros.
rogorc iTqva, SiomRvimis monastris
marTva mwignobarTuxuces episkopossa da
lavris mamasaxliss evalebodaT. es mamasaxlisi monastris berebis mier wmida
Sios saflavze wilisyriT unda yofiliyo gamorCeuli.
`daviT aRmaSenebeli SiomRvimis monastrisadmi 1123 w. boZebul anderZSi
wers: Tu mamasaxlisi da winamZRvari,
439
`miicvalos, viTa TviT wesi ars mis

winamZRvrisa Sios saflavsa zeda wilgdebaA, amiT sxuaA ganaCinon, Cuensa darbazsa moiyvanon da Cven argani movaxsenoT da SevvedroT monasteri~. 309
aTonis qarTvelTa monasterSi winamZRvris gamorCeva scodniaT Sua wirvis
dros sakurTxevelSi, trapezze, gamosarCev kandidatTa Soris wilgdebiT, SiomRvimeSi ki sakurTxevlis magier Sio
mRvimelis saflavi yofila wilgdebis
adgilad miCneuli. `cxadia, wilgdebis
mosawyobad winaswar erTad Seyril ZmaTa `ganzraxva~ da kandidatebis dasaxelebis dros mTeli krebulis èrTneboba~ iqneboda saWiro. aseTi nebiT dayenebuli mamasaxlisi kanonierad `gamorCeuli~ winamZRvari iyo da sikvdilamde
ùcvalebelad~, e.i. Seucvlelad unda
yofiliyo. misi gadayeneba da Secvla
mxolod im gansakuTrebul SemTxvevaSi
SeiZleboda, Tu is mwvalebeli, e.i. eretikosi gamodgeboda, anda `monastris
orguloba, anu mefeTa Ralati da rjulis Secodeba~ aRmoaCndeboda~, 310 _ wers
iv. javaxiSvili SiomRvimis monastris
tipikonis patara nawyvetze dayrdnobiT,
romelic T. Jordaniam gamoaqveyna `SiomRvimis sabuTebSi~.
saqarTvelos patriarqi, anu qarTlis
kaTalikosi movale iyo yofiliyo àRmsrulebeli~ SiomRvimis monastris mimarT arsebuli dadgenilebebisa, amitomac
werda saeklesio krebis ganCinebaSi SiomRvimis Seuvalobis Sesaxeb arseni kaTalikozi: `me, glaxaki arseni qarTlisa
kaTalikozi maTi... aRmsrulebeli var~. 311
saeklesio krebam XIII s-is 40-ian
wlebSi kidev erTxel daamtkica daviT
aRmaSeneblis anderZi SiomRvimis monastris mimarT.
qar Tuli istoriul i sabuT ebis k orpusi, 1984, I, gv. 58, an derZi daviT mefisa mRvimisadmi, 1123/
1124 wlebi; 308 qar Tuli samarTlis Zegleb i, III, gv. 160; 309 iv. javax iSvili, VII, 1984, gv. 7 3; 310
iqve , gv. 7 4; 311 Zeg l., III, gv. 160;
307
440
[ganCineba saeklesio krebisa

SiomRvimis Seuvalobis Sesaxeb]
[XIII s-is 40-iani w.]

...[ese viTa] zemoT daguiweria, me glaxaksa arsen qarTlisa kaTalikozsa
wame[biTa]... [qar]Tli[sa] ebiskopozTaTa wmidisa udabnoQsa mRDmisaTDs... da
ubrZanebia Cuen yovelTa Semdgomad maTsa... RuwaQ da zrunvaQ mamaTa memRuimeTa
maTTa, ...[dawer]ili da dawyevaQ... me, glaxaki arseni qarTlisa kaTalikozi
maT[i]... aRmasrulebeli var... yovliTa zemoT daguiweria ara...
viTa didsa da mefeTa Soris sanatrelsa daviTs eneba... kma ars wmidisa amis
udabnoQsaTuis, da maTni RmrTiv-gDirgDnosani mefeni da mouravad, viTa igi masve
Sina sweria gaCeniTave ni... [mwignoba]rTuxucesi vaziri monazoni jdes, da mamaQ
memRuime sulierTa saqmeTa maTTa [ganagebdes]...
ar uc saqme mRuimesa Tana arca qarTlisa kaTalikozTa, Tuinier locvisa da
kurxevisagan, [arca] ebiskopozTa, arca vis sxuasa ebiskopozsa, arca mTavarsa
visme.
da ars... mwer locvaQ wmidaTa mefeTaQ zeda-ac; da Jamisawirobani, viTa
ZueliTgan... ukueTu Cuen maTni moRuaweni viyuneT, saxelsa Cuenisa moiHsenebden
pirvelad... [moiH]senebden.
da vinc es dawerili da gagebuli wmidasa udabnosa mRuimisasa Seucvalos...
[uw]indeli wmidisa mamamTavrisa iovanesi qarTlisa kaTalikozisa, anu oqropiri
qarTlisa kaTalikozisa, anu gabriel... [da rao]denni sxuani SemdgomiTi-Semdgomad sxenan, HeliT-werilni sanatrelTa... wmidisa mamamTavrisa meliqizedekisi vin
Seicvalos, amas yovelsa Sen... maT sanatreliTa HeliTa damtkicebuli, gina
didisa daviTis anderZ[i da] siglebi maTi... Secvalebul yos, hqrisxavs RmerTi...
krulia qristes RmrTisa mier... amen.
me, arsen qarTlisa kaTalikozman CemiTa HeliTa davwere yoveli ese simtkice.
da saxeni mtkice myofelni [akurTx]nes RmerTman da wmidaman deda-qalaqman.
sxva xeliT mxedrulad:
[ese], viTa wmidasa k rebasa da wmidasa mamaTamTavarsa Cuensa arsenis
qristes mier qarTlisa kaTalikozsa ganuCenia bWob iTa da didTa mamamTavarTa da moZRuarTa CuenTa KeliT-werilni... daumtk icebian, meca glaxaki: qarTlis mTavarep isk op ozi sab a Kelis-weriT davamtk iceb... 3 1 2
312
441
mcxeTis saeklesio kreba (1263 w.)

1925 wels g. gozaliSvils aRmouCe-
_ sasuliero pirTa Rirsebis Sesabamisi
nia odesRac saqarTvelos sapatriarqos

(sakaTalikosos) arqivSi daculi piri
saeklesio krebis dadgenilebisa, romelic
ivane javaxiSvilis varaudiT, SeiZleba
XIII s-isac iyos. 313
pativiscemiT mopyrobis sakiTxs.

monRolTa usastikesi batonobis dros
winaT Rirsebisa da pativiscemis sagani
axla mtris veragobis da siuxeSis wyalobiT Rirsebaayrili da dacemuli iyo.
saqarTvelos sakaTalikosos arqivi

Zvelad Cvens saeklesio dedaqalaq mcxeTaSi unda yofiliyo, patriarqis karze.
aRniSnuli sabuTi warmoadgens 1263 wlis
axlo drois saeklesio krebis moxsene-
dapyrobil qveyanaSi sarwmunoebas da

sasuliero pirebs ukve RirsebiT aRarc
mTavroba da aRarc dabeCavebuli, usasod da ulukmapurod darCenili xalxi
epyroboda. amas damatebia mefe ulu
ba-dadgenilebas saqarTvelos mefis laSas Ze daviTisadmi. am sabuTSi naxsenebia

mcxeTa, viTarca guli da centri qarTuli
eklesiisa: `pirveli aris Tavi sjulisa
da eklesiaTaA mcxeTa~. 314 amitomac unda
vivaraudoT, rom 1263 wlis kreba mcxeTaSi Catarda da mas `mcxeTis saekle-
daviTis `sibereSi~ dawyebuli qmedeba,

mas saeklesio mamulebis sxva pirebze
ga da ce ma d au wy ia , ra sa c, c xa di a,
`saepiskoposoTa~, monasterTa da eklesiaTa `rRveva~ _ e.i. maTi ekonomikuri
safuZvlis gamocla mohyolia.
eklesias araTu saqarTvelos samefo
sio kreba~ vuwodeT.

rogorc aRniSnuli iyo, kanonier saeklesio krebebs saqarTveloSi (rogorc
bizantiaSi) mefe iwvevda. da igi mis
karze, ufro metad, TbilisSi an sxva
Sesabamisi drois mefis sadgom-samyofelSi
tardeboda. aRniSnuli kreba mefes ar
xelisufleba, monRolebic ki sifrTxiliT

epyrobodnen, saerTod, RvTismsaxurebs
monRolebi SeRavaTs uwevdnen. ùkve 1254
wlis sayovelTao aRwerisas, rogorc
wyaroebi erTxmad miuTiTeben, monRolebs
eklesia da misi msaxurni sagadasaxado
davTarSic ar SeutaniaT, qarTveli Jam-
mouwvevia, Cans, igi TviT saeklesio xel mZ R v an e lo b a s m ou w ve v i a e kl e s ii s

gasaWiris gamo `Jamsa Znelbedobasa da
Ta aRmwereli wers: `xolo xucesTa da

monazonTa da saeklesioTa ganwesebaTa
ara Seagdo sazRavi, arca yalani, egreTve
saWiroebasa~. 315 amitomac, rogorc aRiniS na, v fiq rob T, kr eba sa ek les io
dedaqalaq mcxeTaSi Catarda.
krebas u msjelia da dad genileba
gamoutania sam sakiTxze, pirveli da
umTavresi iyo saeklesio mamulebis sakiTxi, meore Seexeboda eklesiis mier
`dakrulvili~ piris sakiTxs, mesame ki
SixTa da davriSTa da yovlisa sjulisa

kacni saRmrTod gaCenilni ganaTavisuflna~. 316 `mcxeTis sakaTalikoso eklesia 1254 wlidanve iyo gaTavisuflebuli samonRolo valdebulebisagan~. 317
eklesiis wevrTa samonRolo valdebulebisagan gaTavisufleba ar niSnavs
imas, rom eklesia dalxinebuli iyo. ekle-
iv. javaxiSvili, Txzuleb ani, VI, gv. 59; 314 qar Tuli samarTlis Zegleb i, III, 1970, gv. 161; 315
iqve , gv. 162; 316 qar Tlis c xovreba, II, Gg. 224; 317 saq arTvel is isto riis narkveve bi, III, gv. 591.
313
442
sias iseve uWirda, rogorc mis samwy-
mebi. mefes ki sigelebiT ukve gacemuli
sos da igi eris beds iziarebda, rogorc

am as a Rni Snul i kr ebi s da dge nile ba
hqonda saeklesio miwebis didi odenoba, kreba swers kidec mefes: SegiZliaT
uCvenebs: eklesiis wevrebi sweren mefes:

`gevedrebiT da vrekT karsa mowyalebisa
Tqvenisasa, moiwyineT Wrtvinva Cveni da
si glax ake da u qon ebel i... obl ad
dasxmulni eklesiani RmrTisani Seiwy-
faqtebiT darwmundeT, Tu am sigelebs

gasinjavTo, `moaRebineT sigelebi da
niSnebi yvelaA yvelas, visTvisca giboZebia~. am sigelebis gacemiT mefem daarRvia `RvTisadmi aRnaTqvami~.
aleniT, ganSiSvlebulni samarTliT SemoseniT, ixseniT dawunebulni~... 318 ekle-
krebam icis, rom monRolTa batonobis gamo qveynis Seryeuli ekonomikuri
sia monRolTa batonobis dros Tavis Tavs

uwodebda: uqonebels, glaxaks, oblad
dasxmuls (datovebuls), ganSiSvlebuls,
mdgomareobis gamosasworeblad mefes urCevdnen gamoeyenebina saeklesio qoneba,

magram saqarTvelos amaze ufro meti
dawunebulsa da mwuxarebisagan mkvnesares
Znelbedobis xanac hqonia, Zveli mefeebi
(`mWrtinavs~). misi gasaWirSi yofna kidev

ufro gaumZafrebia mefis qmedebas, rogorc
zemoT vaxseneT, igi odesRac eklesiisaTvis (e.i. RmrTisadmi) Sewirul miwebs
ki eklesiebs pativs scemdnen. TviTon

qv eyni s mpyro bel i ar aqa rTve li
mmarTvelebic ki ar kadrulobdnen eklesiis qonebis xelis xlebaso. `viciT,
arTmevda eklesias da aZlevda sxva, saero,

kerZo pirebs. amitomac swerdnen mefes
wmida mamebi: àRuTqvi da aRusrule
ufalsa yoveli aRnaTqvami Seni~ da ùm-
rome mravalni kadreben Jamsa Znelbedobasa da saWiroebasa, magra amis uZnelbedesnic yofilan maSin Jamni, odes didi
kaTolike eklesiaA Senebula, hasre, rome
jobes ars ara aRTqmaA, vidre aRTqmaA

da ara aRsrulebaA~. 319
qonebas, romelic odesRac saRmrT o d d a i w e r a , `s a R m r T o d v e x a m s
jafar amirad jdomila Tfiliss da qalaqi sparsTa hqonebia da TuiT raA mca
mizezi aravin kadra saydarTa qveynis
qonebisa da darRvevis mnebebelman~. 321
qonebaA~. 320 agreTve Seaxsenebdnen, rom

eklesiis qoneba igive samefo qoneba iyo
`saydarTa qonebaA ufro Tqveni
qonebaAa~. Tuki vinme gabedavda da mefisaTvis odesRac saCuqrad mirTmeul
amJ amad, miCn eulia , rom `sae rTo

gaWirvebis Jams eklesias SedarebiT ukeTesi materialuri mdgomareoba hqonda...
saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi nikolozi (1247/1248 _ 1282) urdoSi gamg-
(s aWur Wle -sal aroS i m deba re) niv Ts

aiRebda da an mefes kvlav saCuqrad
miarTmevda, anda Tavis saWiroebisaTvis
zavrebula, romelsac yaenisagan eklesiis

dacvis iarliyi (sigeli) miuRia. `dacva~ gulisxmobda arsebuli saeklesio
ga mo iye ne bda , cxa dia , ar as cde bo da

sasjeli. aseve imsaxurebda dasjas is
mrCeveli (veziri Tu sxva vinme), romelic
mefes urCevda saeklesio miwebis gasx-
Seuvalobisa da privilegiebis damtkicebas yaenis mier. yaenis es sigeli exeboda `mcxeTas~ (sapatriarqos), `saydrebs~
(saepiskoposoebs) da `monastrebs~ Tavi-
visebas, Seaxsenebdnen mefes krebis ma-
anTi yma-mamuliTurT~. 322
qar Tuli samarTlis Zegleb i, III, gv. 161; 319 iqve , gv. 116; 320 iqve , gv. 162; 321 iqve , gv. 162;
qarT lis cx ovreba, II, g v. 224 , saqarTvelos istor iis narkveveb i, III, gv. 590.
318
322
443
miuxedavad amisa, 1263 wlis saek-
guarTani~ igulisxmeba bagrationTa sag-
lesio krebis dadgenilebis teqstidan

ar Cans, rom àm saerTo gaWirvebis Jams
vareulo, aRiniSneba, rom laSas Ze mefe

daviTi ar SeiZleboda yofiliyo 75-e
eklesias SedarebiT ukeTesi mdgomareoba hq ond a~, pi riq iT, ek les ia maS in
yovelmxriv, maT Soris, materialuradac Tavis samwysos bedSia _ ukiduresad gaWirvebulia. unda vifiqroT, rom
mefe bagrationTa dinastiisa, magram

krebis mier igulisxmeboda ara bagrationTa sagvareulo, aramed, rogorc
wmida ninos cxovrebaze darTuli arsen
beris (monazonis) saqarTvelos mokle
im materialur SeRavaTebs, romelsac monRolTa xelisufleba eklesias aZlevda,
istoriidan 324 Cans, saqarTvelos ekles ia S i m ii C ne o da , r om ba g ra t io n eb i
es ukanaskneli iyenebda xalxis saWiroebis dasakmayofileblad. eklesia, Cans,

gascemda mravals, magram misgan kidev
`Svilni iyvnen arian-qarTvelTa mefeTa~,

rom dinastiuri aTvla iwyeba azon-farnavaz mefeebidan da ara, vTqvaT, aSot
ufro mets iTxovdnen, risi gacemis sa-
anda bagrat bagrationidan. vaxuSti ba-
Sualebac mas ukve obieqturad aRar hqonda, es ki eklesiis msaxurTa mimarT kritikulad ganawyobda mosaxleobis erT
nawils (rasac qvemoT ganvixilavT). ek-
toniSvilis gamoTvliT, laSas Ze e.w.

ulu daviTi iyo 65-e mefe farnavazidan.
kreba ki Tvlida, rom igi iyo 75-e mefe,
wyarod miuTiTebda `qarTlis cxovre-
lesiis aseTi krizisis dros mas saxelmwifo xelisuflebisagan mxardaWera

esaWiroeboda, amis nacvlad, mefem saeklesio mamulebis gacema daiwyo, riTac
bas~. Cans, XIII s-is Cvenamde armoRweul `qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ aseTi aTvla arsebobda.
krebis meore sakiTxi, rogorc aRin-
kidev ufro Searyia eklesiis ekonomikuri

safuZvlebi.
`samocdameaTxuTmetni Svilni xarT
TquenTa guarTani da romeli mefe TqvenTa
iSna, Seexo eklesiis mier Serisxuli

piris sakiTxs. igi, cxadia, agrZelebda
pirvel sakiTxs da exeboda gacemul
saeklesio mamulebs. `saeklesio kreba
odenTa WirTa, RuawlTa da gansacdelTagan ara xsnila, viTa RmerTsa, Tquensa

mx sne lsa, Tq uen uxs nix arT ... da am
samocdaaTxuTmetTa TquenTa gardasulTa mefobasa Siga... romelsa didebulsa,
mefe ulu-daviTs agonebda agreTve, rom

mis da saqarTvelos vazirebisagan darRvevulia qarTuli saxelmwifo samarTlis is ZiriTadi debuleba (`wesi saxlisa da palatisa TquenisaA), romlis
anu aznaursa, anu darbazis ersa, anu

glexsa aqvs sigeli Tquenda guarisagan
boZebuli... rome saydarTa sofeli vis
mixedviTac `vinca vin~ eklesiisagan `dakrulvila~, saqarTvelos mTavrobis mierac mizezis ganuxilvelad `Serisxu-
zeda gacemul-iyos da eweros, Tvinier

amisa, rome Tquen gagicemian da gagiboZebian sigeliTa~ 323 - mimarTa krebam mefes.
zogierTi specialistis azriT, wi-
la: mamuli dasWirvia da laSqarTa Sigan ar SeSvebula~. 325 imJamad ki eklesiis mier dakrulvili piri samefo karis
(`vazirTa~) daxmarebiT aiZulebda eklesi-
nadadebaSi `75-e Svilni xarT TquenTa
is msaxurebs moexsnaT `dakrulva~.
q ar Tuli s amarT lis Zeg le bi, III, gv . 162; 324 Z ve li q ar Tuli agiogr af iuli l it er at ur is
Zegl ebi, III, gv. 4 7; 325 iv. javax iSvili, t. VI, 1982, gv. 367.
323
444
èse uweso~ wesi nuRarodes iqnebis,
rogorc aRiniSna, Cvenamde moRweulia
nuc dagvemarTebis, visac davkrulvideT,

Tquenc SerisxvideT~, wers kreba mefes.
ara 1263 wlis krebis mefisTvis gadacemuli dadgenilebis dedani, aramed Savi,
mesame _ sasuliero pirTa Rirsebis

S eu r a cx y of i s s a ki T x ic _ k v la v
pirvelTan iyo dakavSirebuli. àrRaravis-
samuSao piri dadgenilebis proeqtisa,

amitomac ar SegviZlia vTqvaT, krebam
marTla miiRo Tu ara gadawyvetileba
agan gvaqvs pativi, arc sjulsa da arc

ebiskoposTa, arc monazonTa, arc xuces-
saqarTvelos eklesiaTa `dabeWdvisa~,

mironis gaucemlobisa da sxv., iv. jav-
Ta, arc mRvdelTa, arc mihronsa, arc

qorepiskoposTa, yvelaA yvelasa upatiod,
Seuracxad, ginebiT da basrobiT vhyavT~. 326
`romeli mefe iqnebis upatiomyofeli, Seuracxad mxsenebeli ebiskoposTa
axiSvilis azriT, kreba `muqaris ganxorcielebas ar Sesdgomia~, 33 0 da ukiduresi nabiji ar gadaudgams.

krebis dadgenilebaSi ramdenjerme
gvxvdeba sityva `vazirni~, `vaziri~. maT
da monazonTa?... da Tu Tqven upatiod

gyavT, vinmca ara Seuracx-gvyvna, vinmca
braldebaT mefisaTvis eklesiis sawinaaRmdego rCevebis micema saeklesio mamul-
ara gvagina, vinmca ara upatiod da havad dagvxadna?~ _ Sestiroda kreba mefes.
z em o a Rn i S nu l i s g a rd a , r o g or c
garkveuli aqvs ivane javaxiSvils _
`saqarTvelos eklesia mefeTagan Sewiruli miwebis Seuvalobaze uars ambobda
da sagadasaxado tvirTis zidvasac kisrulobda, oRondac Sewiruli miwebi gaucemeli SeenarCunebina da gacemuli ukan
daebrunebina~. 32 7
èzomis kadnierebisa da wyena-kadrebisaTvis~, rogorc kreba daemuqra mefes,
Ta gacemis dros. iv. javaxiSvili da

sxvani fiqroben, rom aq igulisxmeba
uwinaresad imJamindeli mwignobarTuxucesi Wyondideli basili. Cveni azriT,
`vaziris~ qveS igulisxmeba ara basili,
aramed amirspasalari, radganac krebis
dadgenilebaSi `mamulis gacemazea~ ZiriTadad saubari, `dakrulvil~ pirs mefem
mamuli unda dauWiros: `vinca vin dakrulvila... mamuli dasWirvia da laSqarTa
Sigan ara SeSvebula~. 331 es Zveli kanoni
axla `vazirTa~ nebiT moSlila, magram
amis `mqmnelni varT: arca mihronsa gavxsniT, saqarTvelos eklesiaTa davbeWdavT,

xucesTa davayenebT wirvisa da naTlvisa da samkudroTa ziarebisagan~. 328
kreba ar apirebda daSlas, sanam mefe
Se sab ami s g ada wyve til eba s m iiR ebd a.
`saeklesio krebis monawileT surdaT
mefeca da sxvebic daerwmunebinaT, rom
angareba da piradi sargeblobis interesi ki ar alaparakebdaT, aramed saRmr-
`xelmwifis karis garigebis~ Tanaxmad,

swored es ufleba mamulis gacemisa da
laSqris ufrosobisa ekuTvnis amirspasalars. `karis garigeba~ wers: àmirspasalari sabatio veziri aris da Tavadi laSqarTa da uamisod qveyana ar gaicemis, arca vin samamulod Seiwyalebis~. 332 `karis garigebis~ es cnoba mniSvnelovani momentia da xsnis Tu vis,
romel vezirs an vezirTa jgufs gulisx-
To sjulis darRveuli kanonebis aRdgenis wadili~. 329
mobda saeklesio kreba Tavis kritikis

adresatad, roca werda: àw Tu vis davh-
qar Tuli samarTlis Zegleb i, III, gv. 163; 327 iv. javax iSvili, VI, gv. 368; 328 Zeg l., III, gv. 164;
iv. javax iSvili, VI, gv. 369; 330 iqve , gv. 37 0; 331 Zeg l., III, gv. 163; 332 `garigeba xelmwifis
karisa~, iv. javaxiSvil is redaqciiT T xzuleb ani, VI, gv. 403.
326
329
445
krulavT gamoaWenebs Tqvensa darbazsa
risa da mxargrZelis mimarT wers Tama-
da TqvenTa vazirTa mohmarTebs~, da isinic

eklesiis mier `dakrulvils~ arc `mamuls uWeren~ da `laSqarSic uSvebden~.
am ukanasknelTa aRsrulebis ufleba mxolod, rogorc iTqva, amirspasalars
ekuTvnoda. amirspasalaris zem-dgomobis
qveS myof vezirTa jgufSi unda ig-
ris mematianec. rogorc wina TavebSi

aRiniSna, Wyondidelis aRmatebuli saxelo da xelisufleba daemcro Tamar
mefis dros, mizezi amisa iyo miqael
kaTalikosis mtacebloba Tamaris mefo-
ulisxmebodes mandaturTuxucesi, radgan `xelmwifis karis garigebaSi~ es ori

saxelo erTad ixsenieba. amirspasalaris pativi `mandaturTuxucesis swori
aris da esec iqnebis, rome orive erTsa
hqondes da ufro SanSeTa saxlisa aris
eseve orive xeli erTsa aqvs Tu orTa~... 332
amirspasalaroba da mandaturTuxucesoba SanSe mxargrZelis saxleulis xelSi
iyo Tavmoyrili. amirspasalaris vezirTa jgufSi unda Sediodes àmilaxori~.
àmilaxori veziri aris amirspasalarisa
da amis xelsaa meabjreTuxucesoba~. 33 3
maSasadame, rogorc SeiZleba gavigoT,
amilaxori veziri, mrCevelia ara mefisa, aramed amirspasalarisa. yovel
SemTxvevaSi, isini erT jgufs qmnian meabjreTuxucesTan da laSqris sxva meTaurebTan erTad. `mamulis daWera da
laSqarSi ar SeSveba~ swored maTi saqmea.
isini arian mefis `vezirebi~ am saqmeSi,
Cans, maTkenaa krebis risxva mimarTuli
da ara Wyondidelisaken.
Wyondideli iyo eklesiis erT-erTi
meTauri da amitomac SeuZleblad migvaCnia , rom mas w aremarTa ek lesiis
winaaRmdeg iseTi RonisZieba, romelic
krebam ganixila da romlis aRsakveTad
kreba mzad iyo saqarTvelos eklesiebSi
RvTismsaxureba Seewyvita.
saqarTvelos eklesiis meTaurTa Zlier cud damokidebulebaze amirspasala333
iv. javax iSvili, VI, gv. 39 2;
334
iqve , gv. 40 0;
bis dasawyisSi, roca man Tavis xelSi

aiRo Wyondideloba da amiT, rogorc
iv. javaxiSvils garkveuli aqvs, mefeze
ufro meti xelisuflebis mpyrobelad
iqca. miqaelis gardacvalebisTanave Tamarma mTavrobaSi Seiyvana amirspasalari,
aqcia igi vezirad, amiT, SeiZleba vTqva T, daa mcr o W yond ide lis fu nqc ia
mTavrobaSi. Wyondidelisa da amirspasalaris funqciebi gaTanabrda, xelisufleba gaiyo. èrisTavni da xelis mqonebelni didisa Tamar mefisa... brZana damtkicebad Wyondidlad, mwignobarT-uxucesad da vezirad... antone glonisTavisZe...
ganaCina amirspasalarad sargis mxargrZ e li , k ac i g va r i a ni d a a R z r di l i
laSqrobasa Sina~... 334
saqarTvelos mTavroba, Cans, Sedgeboda 7 ZiriTadi wevrisagan _ eseni iyvnen
òTxi monazoni~ da `sami veziri~. oTx
monazonTa jgufSi Sediodnen qarTlis
kaTalikosi, afxazeTis kaTalikosi, moZRvarTmoZRvari da Wyondideli mwignobarTuxucesi. sami veziris jgufSi Sediodnen aTabagi, amirspasalari da mandaturTuxucesi. `darbazs aTqs oTxTave: moZRvarT-moZRvarsa, kaTalikozTa, Wyondidelsa da samTa vazirTa: aTabagsa, amirspasalarsa da mandaturT-uxucessa~, 33 5
anda àmirejibs marTebso oTxTa monazonTa da samTa vezirTa wvevao~. 336 amaTgan darbazobis dros umetesi pativiscemiT mefe xvdeboda pirvel rigSi moZRvarTmoZRvars, Semdeg kaTalikosebs da
335
iqve , gv. 39 6;
336
iqv e, gv. 397.
446
Wyondidels. miuxedavad mTavrobaSi ganx-
Tuxucesis, xelqveiTs `sawolis mwi-
orcielebuli cvlilebebisa, Wyondideli sami veziris da, saerTod, savaziros
gnobars~ ekuTvnis `saeklesiaoni dasni~,

garda gelaTisa (gelaTi Cans moZRvarT-
ufrosi Cans, `vezirobis~ dros pirvel

rigSi Wyondidels moiwveven, Semdeg sxva
vezirebs _ aRniSnuli sami veziris garda, savaziroSi sxva vezirebic Sedian _
`Tu veziroba iyos maT moaxsenon Wyon-
moZRvars ekuTvnis): `gelaTisagan kide

saydarni da sxvani monasterni da eklesiani, xucesni da monazonni da rac saeklesio dasni arian yvela Wyondidelis
da sawolis mwignobaris saxelosa~ ari-
didelsa da aTabagsa. amirspasalarsa (mandaturTuxucessa), meWurWleTuxucessa,
an. 34 2 aq SeiZleba gavixsenoT Tamaris

istorikosis sityvebi: `monasterni da
ms axu rTu xuc ess a da am ila xor sa~ . 3 3 7

`didi ars meWurWleTuxucesi, aTabagobis dawyebamdi meoTxe veziri iyo~... 338
saebiskoposoni yovelni eklesianni wessa da rigsa locvisasa da yovlisa saeklesiosa gangebasa darbazis kariT mi-
pirvelxarisxovan vezirad iTvleboda
iRebdian, viTarc kanonsa ucdomelsa da
zemoT CamoTvlili sami veziri, maT garda

iyvnen `didi~ vezirebi, am sami veziris
qvemoT mdgomni (magaliTad, `didi ars
meWurWleTuxucesi~), amaT garda, kidev
yovlad Sueniersa da dawyobissa keTilwesierebasa locvisa da marxvisa~.

rogorc zemoT moyvanilidan Cans,
`laSqarSi ar SeSvebis~ da `mamulis daW-
iyvnen sxva SedarebiT wvrili vezirebi

da `mouravebi~. termini `vezirni da
mouravni~, `karis garigebaSi~ orjer ixsenieba. 339 wvril vezirTa jgufSi unda
eris~ Tu gacemis ufleba ganekuTvneboda amirspasalars da mis mimdgom sxva

vezirebs da ara Wyondidels. amitomac
1263 wlis kreba `vezirTa~ qveS maT
Sediodnen, magaliTad, molareTuxucesi, monadireTuxucesi, fareSTuxucesi,

mesawoleTuxucesi, amirejibi, mestumre,
meRvineTuxucesi, ganmgeTauxucesi da
unda gulisxmobdes. safiqrebelia, rom

1263 wlis kreba mimarTuli iyo ara
`s aq ar Tv el os m Tav ro bi s~ q me de ba Ta
winaaRmdeg, rogorc iv. javaxiSvili
sxva ùxucesebi~. vazirTagan, rogorc

iTqva, mxolod sami iyo gamorCeuli da
mTavrobis wevrebad iTvlebodnen, oTx
monazonTan erTad, Tumca ki, vTqvaT,
`meWurWleTuxucesi Zveli veziri aris
fiqrobda, aramed asaxavda saqarTvelos

mTavrobis SigniT arsebul winaaRmdegobas òTx monazonsa~ da vazirTa, anu
ufro sworad, Wyondidelsa da amirspasalars Soris. iv. javaxiSvili werda:
da sabatio~, 340 aseve msaxurTuxucesi.

mTavrobis am wevrTagan, magaliTad,
`laSqroba~ da laSqrobis veziroba amir-
`saqarTvelos maSindeli mTavroba saeklesiod Sewiruli miwebis gacemis aucileblobas amarTlebda~. 343 unda vifiqroT,
spasalaris xelT aris~, 338 xolo sasamarTlo xelisufleba Wyondidelisa: `Wyondideli orSabaT dRes saajo karsa
Sigan dajdebis~. 341 oTx monazonTagan Wy-
rom ara `saqarTvelos mTavroba~, aramed

`vazirni~, kerZod, amirspasalari da maTi
mimdevarni, romelTa xelSi iyo `mamulTa gacemis~ saqme, amarTlebdnen Sewir-
ondidels da mis, viTarca mwignobar-
uli miwebis gacemis aucileblobas.
337
342
iv. javax iSvili, VI, gv. 40 2; 338 iqve , gv. 39 2;

iqve , gv. 387; 343 iqv e, gv. 368.
339
iqve , gv. 39 5;
340
iqve , gv. 40 3;
341
iqv e, gv. 387;
447
JamTaaRmwereli wers Wyondidel ba-
boda. amis nacvlad, man SeZlo `mTavro-
silis Sesaxeb, rom samefos aRmosavle-
bis mitaceba~ da am `mTavrobiT~ marTavda, àwyenda sefe qveyanaTa~. e.i. samefo
Tis sazRvrebis dacvis gamo mefis mouclelobis Jams `gandidna Wyondideli

basili da ujarmeli, da iwyo sauravTaca qmnad Tvinier mefisa kiTxvisa da
mefis imeriT yofasa Sina diad awyina
sefeTa qveyanaTa, rameTu viTar TvisTa
xedvida~, 344 basili `...moakvdina mefeman
uwesobisaTvis, rameTu Tana eyo basili
esuqnis da ara rida sawolsa patronisa
mefisasa da Coxanica aRixada da mTavroba
miitaca, amis uwesoebisaTvis moikla basili~. 345 basilis mtrebs xma daugdiaT,
rom igi mefis sawolis Semaginebeli iyo.
àmisaTvis Sesmenil iqmna basili winaSe
mefisa, romelman mswrafl moiyvana da
brZana Zelsa damokideba. damohkides Zelsa
Sua-qalaqsa, rameTu iyo mefe mswraflmorwmune da litonica~. 346
monRolTa batonobis dros Seryeula qveynis marTvis kolegialuri wesi,
roca mefesTan erTad saxelmwifo marTvis sadaveebTan idga òTxi monazoni
da sami veziri~. mefe erTpirovnuli
mmarTveli gamxdara. Zveli wesebis areva
domenebis faqtobrivi mmarTveli gamxdara. eWviani da malemrwmeni mefec daurwmunebiaT, TiTqosda igi dedofalTan
cxovrobda. magram mis mier saeklesio
m a m ul i s g a c em i s S e s ax e b m e m at i a n e
arafers aRniSnavs. amitomac, SeiZleba
vifiqroT, rom basili Wyondideli ar
iyo gareuli saeklesio mamulebis gacemis sakiTxSi. SeiZleba esec vifiqroT,
rom mas cili daswames imaTve, romelTac Tavis droze saxeli gautexes laSagiorgis, roca man moindoma laSqris
xe lmZ Rva nel obi sa da sa xel mwi fo
mmarTvelobis sadaveebis xelSi mtkiced
daWera. laSa-giorgi, mama ulu daviTisa, damarcxda mxargrZelTa Zlier ojaxTan dapirispirebisas, aseve unda vifiqroT, rom basili Wyondideli damar cx da am i rs pa s al ar s a da sx v a mi s
mimdgom vezirebTan samTavrobo omisas.
yovelive zemoaRwerili kidev erTxel amtkicebs, Tu ra saSiSroebas uqadda saqarTvelos saxelmwifos, eklesi-
berobaze (monaznobaze), maSasadame, igi
isa da Cveni xalxis zneobas monRolTa

batonoba. am dros yovelgvari zneobrivekonomikuri safuZvlebi Seryeula. amis
anarekls warmoadgens, rogorc ivane javaxiSvili fiqrobda, 1263 wels mowveu-
òTx monazonTa~ jgufSi veRar darCe-
li saeklesio krebis dadgenileba.
da misdami upativcemuloba Cans basili

Wyondidel-ujarmelis moqmedebaSic, roca
man `Coxani aRixadna~, e.i. uari Tqva
344
qar Tlis c xovreba, II, gv. 253;
345
iqve , gv. 268;
346
iqv e, gv. 253.
448
[1263]. moxseneba
saqarTvelos saeklesio krebisa mefisadmi
[...] gevedrebi da vrekT karsa mowyalebisa Tquenisasa, moiwyineT Wrtin]va

Cueni da siglaxake da uqonebl[oba] [qurivad da o]blad dasxmulni eklesiani
R[mr]Tisani SeiwyaleniT, ganSiSul[ebulni simarT]liT SemoseniT, iHseniT dawunebulni, usajeT samarTali marT[a]li, raQTa marTalTa Tana daewesn[eT, gamoiyvaneT upatio]ebisagan mwarisa, viTarca ityuis [wi]naQswarmetyuelisa piriTa uf[a]li
sabaoT R[mer]Ti w[mi]daQ israilisaQ: romelman gam[oiy]v[a]nos patiosani upatioebisagan viT[a]rca piri Cemi iyosa. romelTa pirveli aris T[a]vi sjulisa
da eklesiaTaQ mcx[eTaQ]. da ukueTu Tavsa, jereTca nedlsa, esreT iyos Hel-ferxTi T-m wuerv[a]leb[a]m an, ra Qmca Ra ina yofes/ ku[ala]d ityui s: aRuT qu da
a[R]usrule uf[a]lsa y[ov]eli aRnaTquemi-o, da umjobes ars ara aRTqumaQ,
vidre aRTqumaQ da ara aRsrulebaQ-o.
srul-yavT w[mi]dao da q[ris]te-mosilo mefeo b[rZane]buli ese, Tq[ue]ni
sityuani saqmiT srul-yveni: moaRebineT siglebi da niSnebi yuelaQ yuelas, visTuisca giboZebia.
[a]r[a]Tu C[u]enTuis rasa me da C[u]eni sa SeZenisaTuis v iwyinebiT , ma gra
saR[mr]Tod werilisa saR[mr]Todve Hams qonebaQ da miyenebaQ, da TuiT saydarTa
qonebaQ d[i]d[a]d ufro Tqu[e]ni qonebaQa.
aw, Tu erTxel saWurWlesa Tqu[e]nsa Sina SemoRebuli, da erTgzis Tqu[e]nTuis
SemoZRunebuli, TualTa da margalitTa da WurWelTa oqroQsa da vercxlisaTa
T[a]naQ raQme mcire, anu gina didi saWurWlesa Sina Tqu[e]nsa mdebare gamoiRos
vinme, anu Tqu[e]nve Semogwiros, anu waragos sadme - niWnimc[a] mianiWeniT/ anu
pativni da qebani aRuvareniT/ aramca ufrosi risxveul da patiJneul hyaviT/
R[mr]TisaTuis SewirulTa adgilTa gacemisa vaziri, - mawyvereli, maqneveli
da mnebebeli gacemisaQ, viTamca ara R[mr]Tisagan risxveul iqmna/
vinca ikadrebs da gaqnevs, - viTa keTilisa mamoqmedebelsa, keTili niWi
mieniWebis R[mr]Tisa mier; egreTve borotisa mizezi - borotsa moisTulebs.
viciT, rome mrav[a]lni kadreben Jamisa Znelbedobasa da saWiroobasa; magra
amisa uZnelbedesnica yofilan maSin Jamni, odes didi kaTolike eklesiaQ Senebula,
hasre, rome jafar amir[a]d jdomila Tfili[s]s da qalaqi sparsTa hqonebi[a]. da
TuiT raQmca mizezi aravin kadra saydarTa, queyanisa qonebisa da darRuevisa
mnebebelman/ yo[ve]li drkud mav[a]li mizezobad mza[a]-o; magra nu miscemT
gzasa metyuelTa eseviTarisa metyuelebisaTa!
449
samocdameaTxuTmeteni Svilni xarT Tqu[e]nTa guarTani da, romeli mefe TqvenodenTa WirTa, RuawlTa da gansacdelTagan ara xsnila viTa RmerTsa Tqu[e]nsa
mHsnelsa, Tqu[e]n uHsnixarT, da arca romelsa mefesa Tq[u]engan ufro R[mr]Tisa
gzisa daWirvaQ hmarTebia. da am samoc da[a]TxuTmetTa Tq[u]enTa gardasulTa
mefobasa Siga ufroisi da umravlesi Jami amisgan uZnelesi da uborotesi yofila,
viTa qarTlisa cxovrebaQ gamoaCens.
romelsa didebulsa, anu aznaursa, anu darbazis ersa, anu glexsa aqu[s] sigeli
Tqu[e]nTa guarTagan boZeb[u]li, - da Tu vis aqus aravin dahmalavs, - rad aravin
gamoaCina, rome saydarTa sofeli vis zeda gamocemul-iyos da eweros, Tuinier
amissa, rome Tqu(e)n gagicemian da gagiboZebian sigliTa/
eseca iuwyos w[midama]n mefobaman Tqu[e]nman aw Sekrebulisa amis krebisagan,
wesi saxlisa da palatisa Tqu[e]nisaQ ese yofila: vinca vin dakrulvila, raiTaca
mizeziTa da saqmiTa, Tqu[e]n mierca Serisxula, mamuli dasWirvia da laSqarTa
Sigan ar SeSuebula.
aw, Tu vis davhkrulavT, gamoaWenebs Tqu[e]nsa darbazsa da Tqu[e]nTa vazirTa
mohmarTebs, b[rZane]basa da kacsa uboZebT - juari daswereo, gawyromisa da h[a]vad
gaHdisa nacvlad.
ese uwesoQ wesi nuRarodes iqnebis, nuca daguemarTebis visca davhkrulvideT,
Tqu[e]nca SehrisxevdiT da HrmliTa Tana-udegiT sjulTa da wesTa samRdeloTa
saR[mr]ToTa werilTa moZRurebisaebr!
Tu Tquensa mefobasa Siga ar SehkazmavT saydarTa da monasterTa da ar uboZebT
HelTa maTTa saqonebelTa, vinmcaRa dauurva, anu vinmcaRa [ara] hkadra Tqu(e)nTa
sigleb-niSnebTa gatexaQ/
codvaQ egre brali da codvaQ ar aris, viTa codvisaQ saxed da igavad dadebaQ
m[o]mav[a]lTa da yofadTa JamTa da kacTaTuis mosaTxrobel-mosaHsenebl[a]d.
araRaravisgan guaqus pativi, arca sjulsa da arca ebiskoposTa. arca monazonTa, arca xucesTa, arca mRdelTa, arca mihronsa, arca qorebiskoposTa! yuelaQ
yuelasa upatiod, Seuracxad, ginebiT da basrobiT vhyavT!
rad dahHsniT wessa saqebelsa, rad upatiod hyofT patiosnobasa da sakrZalvobasa amis saxisa da saqmisasa/ romeli mefe iqebis upatio myofeli, Seuracxad
maHsenebeli ebiskopozTa da monazonTaQ/ Tquen siyrmiTgan R[mr]Tiv-swavlulni
xarT da saR[mr]Toni werilni zepiriT uwyniT: romelTa saqmeTa moqmedi mefe
iqebis, anu romelTaQ - iyuedrebis!
ranica pativni Tqu[e]nTa guarTagan zedsxmian ebiskoposTa da monazonTa, masve
Tqu[e]ngan viRirsebodeT. da Tu Tqu[e]n upatiod g[u]yav[i]T, vinmca ara Seuracxguyvna, vinmca ara guaginna, vinmca ara upatiod da havad daguHadna/
TuiT pir[a]d da zedaQT daRma amas gueubnebian mqonebelni da mnebebelni
saydarTa da monasterTa saqonebelTa qonebisani: patroni ar daguadebinebs, da
450
arca waguiRebs, - romelsa sigliTa uboZebia, da Tqu[e]n ar dagidebT da arca

guemarTlebiT dadebinebasa, qrTamsa mogcemTo. ama saqmesa Tqu[e]nve swamleT da
da[s]deviT emblastroQ sakurnebeli!
nuca vin yalnobisa mizezsa SemoiRebs: raQca saydarTa saqonebelTa yalani
hmarTebs, misnica mzRvelni varT da aras uku-vadgebiT. da Tqu[e]nsa Tqu[e]nni
Tqu[e]nTagan ganaRamca gmsaxurebdiT, Zalisaebr da SeZlebisa C[u]enisa!
ese amis krebisa, aw Sekrebulisa Zali yovelTa Soris sacnaur-yavn w[midi]sa da
TuiTmpyrobelisa mefeT-mefobisa Tqu[e]nisa w[inaS]e, romel, Tu R[mer]Ti gurisxavs
da miudrekeli da w[mi]daQ gonebaQ Tqu[e]ni codvaTa C[u]enTa simravlisagan
midrkebis, da ese raQca guikadrebia da moguixsenebia ar dagueurvebis CuenTa wesTa
raQca guikadrebia da moguiHsenebia ar daguervebis, C[u]eniTa wesiTa raQca daguipirebia misni mqnelni varT: arcaRa mihronsa gavHsniT, saqarTveloQsa eklesiaTa
davhbeWdavT, xucesTa davayenebT wirvisa da naTvlisa da samkudroTa ziarebisagan.
Tuinier amisisa qmnis, sxuisa Ronisa yo[v]lisagan uRono varT!
da nuTu amisiTa qniTa, sxua sjulTa da sxua sacoTagan mefobasa Tquensa
sawyin[o]Q raQme Semouvides, da sjulica C[u]eni daknindes/
ezomis kadnierebisa da wyena-kadrebisaTuis, viTa saSinelisa R[mr]Tisa saSinelebaTagan vZrwiT da viSiSviT!
garna saR[mr]Toni sjulni mefeTaca zeda mTavrobad b[rZane]bulan da, sada
R[mer]Ti daguWirdebis, mun yovelsave Seuracx-vhyofT! da maunebeli kacTaQ
q[ris]tesmca mona ar viyo-vo, - w[mi]daQ mociquli pavle b[rZane]bs.
aw aqa Seyrilni da gauyrelni da momlodeni amisisa daurvebisani, y[ov]elnive
aqa varT da ulocavT w[mid]asa mefeT-mefobasa Tqu[e]nsa. 34 7
q ar T ul i is t o r i ul i s ab uT e b is k o r p u s i, t . I, Se adg in e s da g amo s a c e mad mo am z ade s

T. e nuqiZem, v. s ilogavam, n. SoSiaSv ilma, 1984, gv . 169-174.
3 47
451
Sekreba safaraSi (1453 w.)

Zvel saqarTveloSi sarwmunoebrivi
saTvis ise, rogorc sazogadoebis go-
ganxeTqileba arasodes momxdara da yoveli

qarTvelis siamayis sagani iyo is, rom
nieri nawilisaTvis, miuRebeli. qarTulma

eklesiam aseTi samwuxaro movlenis Semdeg
qarTulma eklesiam SeZlo mociqulebisagan

miRebuli marTlmadidebluri sarwmunoe-
Tavis Tavze aiRo funqcia politikuri

daSlilobis dros yofiliyo qarTveli
bis umwikvlo dacva. saqarTvelos kaTalikosi kirion I, Tu mnaTobi eklesiisa

giorgi mTawmideli ucxoelebTan kamaTi-
eris s ulieri gama erTianebel i, rom

qarTvelobas, mcxovrebT ukve sxvadasxva saxelmwifoebriv erTeulSi, hqonoda
sas xazgasmiT miuTiTebdnen amis Sesaxeb.
erTi sarwmunoeba da erTiani eklesia.
aRniSnul mosazrebas ewinaaRmdegeba
winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, daSlilobasa da
zogierTi mkvlevari, romelTa azriT,

qarTul eklesiaSi wina saukuneebSic iyo
ganxeTqileba, amis magaliTad mohyavT
imavdroul mahmadianur agresias SeeZlo uaryofiTad emoqmeda erovnul TviTSemecnebaze da erovnuli gadagvareba,
XV s-is Semdeg mesxeTsa da dasavleT

saqarTveloSi TavCenili saeklesio separatizmi, aseTi Tvalsazrisi miuRebelia. radgan saqme ar exeba sarwmunoe-
qarTvelTa sxva erebSi asimilacia gamoewvia. swored amitom iyo miuRebeli

qarTuli eklesiis meTaurebisaTvis mesxeTis saeklesio separatizmi. maSasadame,
briv ganxeTqilebas, arc erT modave mxares eWvi ar Seutania meoris marTlmadideblur sarwmunoebaSi. sadavo saqme
Seexeboda mxolod saeklesio-administraciuli mowyobis sakiTxs. kerZod,
rogorc aRvniSneT, aq saqme exeboda ara

sarwmunoebriv ganxeTqilebas, aramed saeklesio-administraciuls, rac TavisTavad
didi mniSvnelobis saqmea.
mesxeTis mTavrebi ibrZodnen mefisa-
qalkedonis msoflio saeklesio krebam

daadastura Zveli saeklesio wesi, romlis mixedviTac saeklesio iurisdiqciis sazRvari unda emTxveodes saxelmwifo-administraciuls. am kuTxiT Tu
gan TavianTi kuTxis damoukideblobisaTvis da warmatebasac miaRwies. amis

Semdeg gadawyvites mesxeTi saeklesio
administraciuli saxiTac gamoeyoT dedaeklesiisagan. yvaryvare aTabagma am mizniT
SevxedavT mesxeTsa da dasavleT saqarTveloSi mimdinare saeklesio procesebs

gansaxilvel dros, saeklesio ganxeTqilebad SeiZleba aRarc miviCnioT, mag-
gadawyvita aemaRlebina mawyvereli episkoposis pativi da gadaeqcia igi sayovelTao

mTavarepiskoposad mTel mesxeTSi, e.i.
mas unda damor Cileb odnen mesxe Tis
ram sxva sakiTxia eklesiis Tavdadebu-
episkoposebi. mTavrebs mesxeTis episko-
li brZola saqarTvelosa da misi eklesiis erTianobisaTvis.

XV s-is Semdeg daiSala erTiani
saqarTvelos saxelmwifo. es iyo poli-
posebis CamoSoreba surdaT mcxeTis patriarqisagan, misi magivroba axla mawyverel episkoposs unda gaewia. aseT
qmedebaTa dros rogorc yvaryvare, ise
tikuri aqti, magram qarTuli eklesii-
mesxeTis episkoposebi adasturebenen
452
srul erTgulebas marTlmadidebluri ek-
mesxeTSi arsebuli separatizmi ki mis-
lesiisadmi. TavisTavad am kuTxis eklesiac sulierad erTiani qarTuli eklesiis
Tvis miuRebeli iyo, radgan mahmadianuri agresiis gamo safrTxes uqmnida
nawilad, Tavisi suliT qarTul eklesiadve rCeboda, magram damoukidebeli
mosaxleobis sulier simtkices.

saqarTvelos kaTalikos-patriarqebi
administraciuli saxiT surda Camoyalibeba politikosTa nebiT. es ar iyo ek-
mTeli saukunis manZilze iRvwodnen eklesiis gamTlianebisaTvis. TviTon kaTa-
l es i is Si gn i T m im d in a re p r oc e si s
gamoxatuleba, aramed politikosTagan
Tavsmoxveuli neba. maSasadame, Tu es
likos-patriarqi daviTi, rogorc Cans,

Casula safaraSi, iq Seukrebia separatistebis mxardamWeri sasuliero pirebi
survili ganxorcieldeboda, erTiani

qarTuli eklesiis wiaRSi warmoiSvebo-
da ùjvrobiTa~ da `SeundoblobiT~
dausjia. kerZod, Cans, safaraSi Casula
da ramdenime saeklesio administraciuli erTeuli iseve, rogorc berZnulsa
daviT III gobelaZe (1435-1439, 14431459). mcxeTis sigeli gadmogvcems: èse
da somxur eklesiebSi. rogorc zemoT

iyo aRniSnuli, erTian berZnul ekle-
wigni da piri gkadreT Tquen qristes

RmrTisa mier qarTlisa kaTalikozsa
siaSi arsebobda ramdenime sapatriarqo
daviTs me abelisZeman anCel arqiman-
(konstantinopolis, aleqsandriisa, an-
dritman qerobin mis Jamsa Sedegad, odes
tioqiisa da sxva), ramdenime samTavarepiskoposo, aseve iyo somxur eklesia-
mawyvereli da samcxis ebiskoposni Tquengan ujvaro da Seundobelni iyvnes sa-
Sic (arsebobda ramdenime sapatriarqo

da sakaTalikoso), saqarTvelos saxelm-
farisa Tavzeda da Tqven didiTa xuaiSniTa makurTxeT. aw dReisiTgan waRma
wifos daSlis Semdeg, maSasadame, unda
Cemad dRed sikudilamde viyo Tqveni da
warmoSobiliyo mesxeTisa da dasavleT

saqarTvelos saeklesio erTeulebi, Tavisi
Tquenisa saydrisa erTguli da mefeTa

mlocveli da yovelTa wirvaTa da loc-
arsiT kvlav qarTul-marTlmadidebluri

da sulieri TvalsazrisiT nawilni er-
vaTa Sina Tquen mogixseniebdeT. vinc

Tqvengan ujvaro da Seundobelni iyvnen
T ia ni q ar Tu li e k le si is a, m xo lo d
ekonomikur-administraciulad damouki-
Cvengan ujvaro da Seundobelni iyos.

Tqvengan SeundobelTa ebiskoposTa gver-
debelni. am mxriv, rogorc aRiniSna,
diT Jami ara vwiroT sadamdis Tqvengan
maTi qmedeba ar ganixileboda sarwmu-
axsnilobisa da Sendobis niSani ar mogvi-
noebriv ganxeTqilebad, aramed politikur aqtad. afxazeTis sakaTalikoso

arsebobda erTian qarTul sapatriarqo-
vides~... 348 es sigeli, T. Jordanias Tanaxmad, dawerilia 1453 wels. imave dros
1453-1459 wlebSi dawerilad miiCneva
Si jer kidev saqarTvelos daSlamde.

daSlis Semdeg misma kaTalikosma meti
meore sigeli, romelSic kvlav naxsenebia

`safaris Tavi~, sadac Casulma saqarTve-
saeklesio-administraciuli TavisTava-
los kaTalikosma ùjvrobiTa~ da `Se-
doba moipova rac, rogorc Cans, sadavo
undoblobiT~ dasaja urCi mawyvereli
sakiTxs ar warmoadgenda mcxeTisaTvis.
da zogierTi samcxeli episkoposi. 349
348
T. Jordan ia, qr onikebi, II, gv. 268;
349
iqv e, gv. 268.
453
samcxeSi Casuli kaTalikosi, gawy-
ols osmalebi ipyrobdnen, dros ar kar-
romia agreTve safarisa da varZiis berebs, romelTac gabedes da antioqiel-
gavdnen da fiqrobdnen TavianTi eklesiis samwyso gaezardaT qarTveli eris
ierusalimeli mRvdelmTavrebi miiRes

TavianT monastrebSi. es ucxoelebi,
xarjze. isini midiodnen saqarTvelos

kuTxeebSi, aqezebdnen qarTvel samRvde-
rogorc cnobilia, iRvwodnen qarTuli

eklesiis daSlisa da TavianTi sapatriarqoebis sazRvrebis gafarToebisaTvis.
lo ebas , r aTa urC oba ga moeC ina T,

CamoSorebodnen dedaeklesias da SeerTebodnen berZnuls. cxadia, am dros maT
safareli da varZieli berebi sweren

patriarqs: èse wigni gkadreT Tqven kaTa-
m t k i c e ma r T l m a d i d e b l e b ad d a s a marTlianobis uzenaes aRmsruleblebad
l ik oz sa d av i Ts m eu fe s a pa tr on sa .
dagideviT aRTqma... [Cven safarisa] da
mohqondaT TavianTi Tavi, Tavisi bunebiT

ucxoTa mimndobi da mSobliuris mimarT
varZiis ZmaTa mas Jamsa, odes mcbieri

berZeni movida, cru winaswarmetyveli
da mcireTa raime sityviTa migvizidna.
aw Tqven gagviwyeriT da kide umarTle
urCi qarTveli samRvdeloeba yurs ugdebda maT da cdilobda dedaeklesiisagan

administraciul ganSorebas. ase misulan berZeni mitropolitebi safarasa da
iyveniT, ...viTariTa wesiTa yofil varT,

miTve wesiTa viyvneT arc misi wigni
vnaxoT, arc misi mcneba gavigonoT da
arasTana misi aravirwmunoT. arc umcxeToT Cveni mRvdeli da diakoni ikurTx-
varZiis monasterSi, am ambis SetyobisTanave, rogorc sabuTebidan Cans, safaraSi Casula saqarTvelos patriarqi,
kanonqveS Seuyria urCebi, uRirsi episkoposebi ujvrobiTa da SeundoblobiT
ebodes, arc javaxeTs da walisyurs

visaqmoT samwysobisa pirzeda da viyvneT Tqvenisa brZanebisa morCilni~... 350
dausjia da qarTuli eklesiis mdgomareoba gamousworebia. es momxdara 1453

wels. cxadia, am wels safaraSi Sedga
aqedan Cans, rom berZeni saeklesio

pirebi, im dros, roca konstantinop-
saeklesio Sekreba, romelmac miiRo es

gadawyvetileba.
350
T. Jordania, qron ikebi, II, gv. 269
454
samTavisis saeklesio Sekreba (1459)

sakaTedro anu saepiskoposo eklesiebs,
romelTac `saydari~ (episkoposis sayudari, e.i. dasayudebeli, sajdomi kaTe-
mravali uweso saqmis Sesaxeb. Salvas

brZanebiT: `SeviyareniT Cuen cxrazmisxevisa samisave xevis krebulni da mamasax-
dra) ewodebodaT, viTarca saeparqio

centrebs, rogorc wesi, gaaCndaT Semosavali TavianTi samwysodan, Cvenamde
moRweulia `samTavisis RmerTebis say-
lisni da ese piri movaxseneT samTavnelisa da juarsa da omoforasa~. 352

ese igi Sekrebilan sasuliero da
saero xelisufalni. iv. surgulaZe wers
dris samwysos dramisa da Sesavlis wigni~. 351 Semosavlis aRmnusxvel am wigns

aseve `gujaric~ ewodeba, igi `ZveliTgan
ganaCeni~ yofila. `ZveliTgan~ damtkice-
_ ìs garemoeba, rom `krebulis~ sapirispirod mamasaxlisebia moxseniebuli

gvafiqrebinebs, rom aq eklesiisa da
eriskacebis warmomadgenlebis SexvedrasT-
buli es wigni, rogorc Cans, xelaxla

daumtkicebia 1459 w. krebas. wigni warmoadgens kanonebis krebuls da exeba samwysos gadasaxads sxvadasxva sarwmunoebriv da sayofacxovrebo momentebTan dakav-
an gvaqvs saqme. Tu `krebuli~ saerosac

da saeklesio pirebis saerTo krebas niSnavda, maSin mamasaxlisi calke aRar
iqneboda gamoyofili. am SemTxvevaSi `krebuli~ cxrazmisxevis soflebis samRvde-
SirebiT. rogorc aRiniSna, saqarTveloSi kanonmdebels warmoadgenda umaRlesi saero da sasuliero xelisufalTa
loebas unda gulisxmobdes~. 353

es samarT lis w igni sazRvr avs
samTavneli episkoposis uflebebsa da Se-
erToblivi kreba, romelsac gamohqonda

kanonebi anda amtkicebda Zvels. 1459
wels patron erisTav Salvas winaSe misula samTavneli episkoposi grigoli, mas
mosavals. 1-li muxlis mixedviT, Tu

romelime xucesi (mRvdeli) ukanonod
dawers jvars axlo naTesavebs, naTlianaTluls, monataceb qals anu im pirebs,
mouxsenebia, mis samwysoSi warmoqmnili
romelTa urTierTqorwineba akrZalulia
qar Tuli samarTlis Zegleb i, III, 1970, gv. 20 9;

samarTlis istoriis wyaroe bi, 1984, gv. 167.
351
352
iqve , gv. 20 6;
353
iv. surgulaZe, qar Tuli
455
_ samTavnel episkoposs ufleba aqvs
uxados da ase Semdeg, sul aris 27
orive mxares gadasaxadi daados, viTarca damnaSaves da es gadasaxadi unda
muxli. eseni Seexebian kudianmkiTxavTa,

kudianis damdaRavTa, msiZav-memruSeTa,
gadaxdil iqnas aucileblad, Tundac rom

qsnis erisTavma anda samTavisis mTelma
samwysom (patronma da qveyanam) uSuamdgomlon. am ZeglSi orjer gvxvdeba
sityva `svindikinozi~ (svintikinozi), rac
uziarebelTa, xucesis mizeziT uziareblad kacis sikvdilis Tu mounaTlavis

sikvdilis, naTesavTa da naTelmironTa
Sua SecodebulTa (dacemulTa), qaliSvilis momtacebelTa, qmriani qalis mo-
naTlias, naTlia-naTluls niSnavs. `svina~ - naTliaa, es sityva aTonelTa naw-
mtacebelTa, codvil kacTa jvaris damwerel mRvdelTa da sxva msgavsTa gada-
erebSic gvxvdeba. am sityvisagan (svindikinozi) unda iyos nawarmoebi - `svindisi~, ùsvindiso~ _ unaTlio. Cans,
saxdels episkoposis mimarT. rogorc

iTqva, sul 27 muxlia. safiqrebelia,
rom es `samwysos sakanono wigni~, romel-
niSnavs iseT adamians, romelsac naTlia
ic iyo `ZvelTagan damtkicebuli~, win
ara hyavs. naTliis movaleoba, Cans, aris

ufro zneobis anu sindisierebis elementebis Canergva naTlulSi.
me-2 muxlis mixedviT aznauriSvilebs
edo zemoaRniSnul krebas 1459 wels.

krebam es wigni xelmeored daamtkica
da zed daurTo Tavisi axali brZaneba
(sul sami vrceli winadadeba): `da aw
marTebT episkoposs wirvisa Tu wesis

agebisaTvis miarTvan Sesabamisi gadasaxadi, esaa cxeni, iaraRi, wasaxuravi
(gardacvlilis wesis agebisa) da niSani.
Cueni brZaneba ase unda gaTavdes~. 354 kerZod, pirvelis mixedviT kacis mkvlelma, aznaurma Tu glexma `sisxlis mesamedi~ anu sajarimo gadasaxadis mesame-
Sesabamisi gadasaxadi ekuTvniT `msaxurs~ an `dabals~. samwyso sam SeZlebis fenad iyofa _ aznaurad, msaxurad
da dablad.
di `RmrTaebas unda miarTvas~, e.i. sakaTedro taZris anu saepiskoposo centrs

unda gadauxados. es exeba samwysosadmi
miweril qsnis soflebsac. es `sisxlis
me-3 muxliT gansazRvrulia samwysoSi moRvawe xucesis gardacvalebisas

ra saxis gadasaxadi unda gadaexada ojaxs
episkoposisaTvis, kerZod, xucesis ojaxis
gadasaxadi iseTivea, rogorc msaxurisa,
mesamedi~ kaTedras eZleva `mokluli

micvalebulis mosaxsenieblad~. episkoposi, rogorc wesi, samwysos moivlida
xolme, es gulisxmobda soflebSi didi
amaliT Sesvlas, romelTac sofeli unda
Tu am SeZlebis araa xucesis ojaxi,

maSin `dabalis~ gadasaxadi mainc _ e.i.
erTi xari unda gadaixados.
gamaspinZleboda erTi an ramdenime dRis

manZilze, rac sofels xSirad uWirda.
amis gamo krebis win samTavnel episko-
me-4 muxliT kacis mkvlelis ojaxma

episkoposs xuTi xari unda gadauxados,
moklulis ojaxma _ erTi. me-5 muxliT
colis ojaxidan gaSvebis SemTxvevaSi
poss abrkolebdnen aseTi Semovlis dros.

krebam daadgina _ `samTavnels samwysoSi Sesvla veravin dauSalos~. es dadgenileba anu krebis sigeli SemdgomSi
qmarma episkoposs xuTi Zroxa unda gada-
mefe Sahnavazma ganaaxla. 355
354
355
iqv e, gv. 209.
456
svaneTis `saeklesio krebebi~ (XIII-XVIII ss.)

Cvenamde moRweulia saeklesio sa-
hyavdaT im pirTa saxelebi, romelTac
marTlis istoriisaTvis mniSvnelovani
Rvawli miuZRodaT krebulis winaSe. ioane

maxarobeli `gamocxadebaSi~ ambobs: `vix-
Zegli, romelsac `matiane suaneTisa

krebisaA~ ewodeba. maT pirobiTad zogierTi specialisti hyofs `svaneTis saeklesio krebaTa pirvel matianed~ 356 da
`meore matianed~. 357 `saeklesio krebebi~
am Zeglebs mxolod pirobiTad ewodeba,
faqtobrivad, masSi warmodgenilia im
pirTa sia, romelTac eklesiis mimarT
garkveuli movaleoba gaaCndaT, anda
Rvawlmosilni iyvnen eklesiis winaSe.
am pirebis erToblioba (romelTagan umravlesoba gardacvlili iyo da sxvadasxva dros erTmaneTisagan damoukideblad moRvaweobdnen), romelTa dasaxeleba-moxsenieba anu `sicocxlis wignSi~ Cawera udides saqmed miiCneoda,
warmoadgenda kidec `saeklesio krebas~.
ase rom, rogorc aRiniSna, aq saeklesio kreba pirdapiri gagebiT ar igulisxmeba. rogorc Cans, esaa eklesiis
wevrTa mier momzadebuli e.w. `cxovrebis wigni~ anu `sicocxlis wigni~. savara udoa,
rom pir veli q ristia nebi
adreul saukuneebSi (anda romelime qristianuli mimdinareoba) pirdapiri mniSvnelobiT igebda saxarebiseul Txrobas
uflis mier sicocxlis wignSi moxseniebulTa gadarCenisa da meored mosvlis Semdgom saukuno sicocxlis damkvidrebis Sesaxeb. Cans, pirvel-qristianuli eklesiis wevrebi TviTon adgendnen
`sicocxlis wignis~ sias, romelSic Se-
ile taxtze mjdomaris marjvenaSi naweri wigni... galobdnen axal sagalobels da ambobdnen: `Sen xar Rirsi aiRo
wigni da axsna misi beWdebi... roca mexuTe beWedi aixsna, samsxverplos qveS
davinaxe sulebi daxocilTa RvTis sityvisaTvis... mieca TiToeul maTgans
TeTri samosi... idgnen taxtis win da
kravis win spetaki samosiT Semosilni
da palmebiT xelSi... aRar moSivdebaT,
a R a rc m o s w yu r d e b a T, a R a r c m z e
daswvavT da araviTari papanaqeba, vinaidan kravi romelic taxtis SuaSia,
aZovebs maT da sicocxlis wylis wyaroze
miiyvans da moswmends maT RmerTi TvalTagan yovelgvar cremls~ (gamocxadeba,
5:1,9; 6:9; 7:9,15-17).
am rwmeniT, rogorc Cans, pirveli
qristianebis raRac nakadi an mimdinareoba TviTve adgenda krebulis im wevrebis sias, romelnic RvTisa da eklesiis
winaSe damsaxurebisaTvis wignSi Caweris Rirsad miiCneoda. swored aseTi saxis wigni, anu sia unda iyos `matiane
suaneTisa krebisa~. misi `pirveli matianes~ mTavari teqsti XIII-XIV ss-s exeba
da Seicavs svaneTis mRvdelmsaxurTa Semadgenlobasa da svaneTis eklesiaTa
zogad aRweras, 358 xolo `svaneTis saeklesio krebaTa meore matiane~ svaneTis
cxovrebis saerTo daqveiTebis mZime XVIIXVIII ss-Ta xanas. 359
sv an eT is sais to rio Z eg le bi, n ak ve Ti II, p. ing o ro yv as g amo ce ma; 357 g. g as v iani, s vane Tis
saekle sio kre baT a meore matian e g amok vle va da t eqs ti, `macne~, 1972, #2, g v. 101-123; 358 g .
gasv iani, dasavle T saqar Tvelos mTiane Tis ist oriidan , 1973, gv. 62; 359 iqv e, gv. 74.
356
rogorc TviTon `matiane svanTa krebisaAs~ teqstidan Cans, arsebula wina
saukuneTa siebic, romelnic dro-Jamis
msvlelobis gamo gacrecila Tu gamqrala, amitomac SeudgeniaT axlebi. saerTod, rogorc Cans, saqarTveloSi qristianoba pirvel saukuneebSi, mociqulTa
droidan gavrcelda, xolo IV s-dan is
Seicvala qristianuli eklesiis im epoqisaTvis misaRebi formiT da sayovelTao
xasiaTi miiRo. pirvel saukuneTa qristianobas specialistebi ìudaur qristianobas~ uwodeben, xolo Semdgoms _
èlinur qristianobas~. rogorc Cans,
IV s-dan CvenSi gavrcelebulma elinurma mZlavrma qristianobam ver igua Zveli e.w. iudauri qristianoba da am Zvelma
qristianulma mimdinareobam mTebs Seafara Tavi. es rTuli sakiTxia da amis
Sesaxeb albaT sxva gamokvlevaa saWiro,
yovel SemTxvevaSi, saqarTvelos mTebSi
mcxovrebi qarTveli mosaxleoba Rrma
qristiani iyo da qristianobisaTvis mzad
iyo Tavis dasadebad, Tumca zogierTi
iseTi wes-Cveulebac hqondaT, romelTac axsnas ver uZebnian da warmarTobis
elementebad miiCneven. erTi aseTia, magaliTad, aRmosavleT saqarTvelos mTaSi e.w. `sisxliT ganwmenda~, rogorc
cnobilia, zvarakis sisxls asxurebdnen sxvadasxva Senobasa Tu nivTebze maT
`gansawmendad~. es Cveva saTaves unda
iRebdes ara warmarTobidan anda iudevelobidan, aramed Cans pirvelqristianTa an misi erT-erTi mimdinareobis Cvevidan, romelic ìoanes gamocxadebis~ erT
muxlze unda iyos dafuZnebuli _ `me
vuTxari mas: ùfalo Cemo Sen ici~. da
man miTxra: èseni arian didi gasaWiridan mosulebi, gairecxes TavianTi samosi da gaaspetakes isini kravis sisxliT~ (gamocxadeba, 7:14).
457
kravis anu kuratis (zvarakis) sisxliT amJamadac xdeba `ganwmenda~ aRmosavleT saqarTvelos mTaSi, es momenti
imis gamo wamovwieT, rom rogorc Cans,
ara mxolod XIX s-is rusuli eklesiis wevrebisaTvis iyo ucnauri saqarTvelos mTis mosaxleobis qristianuli wesCveulebebi, aramed aRniSnuli èlinuri
qristianobis~ dafuZnebis Semdegve e.i.
ukve IV-V ss-dan, yovel SemTxvevaSi,
rogorc svaneTis magaliTi aCvenebs, iq
mcxovreb mosaxleobas udidesi qristianuli rwmena hqonda.
rogorc amJamad, Cveni yuriT gvesmis sazogadoebaSi gavrcelebulia cru
mosazreba, TiTqosda saqarTvelos mTis
mosaxleoba sarwmunoebrivad ara qristianebi, aramed ufro warmarTebi iyvnen
da maTSi Semonaxuli adaT-Cvevebi, dReobebi Tu dResaswaulebi qristianobis
mcire elementebis mqone warmarTul ritua le bs wa rm oa dg ene n. e s m os az re ba
saqarTveloSi TiTqmis orasi wlis manZilze inergeboda XIX s-is rusuli saegzarqosos daarsebis Semdegve da sabolood ganmtkicda XX s-Si aTeisturi
xelisuflebis dros. am mosazrebis sisworeSi amJamad ara mxolod baris, aramed
TviT mTis mosaxleobac ki dajerebulia. sinamdvileSi ki analizi da Zeglebi, romelTac miekuTvneba `svaneTis saeklesio krebaTa matiane~ sul sxva suraTs gviCvenebs. àm metad mniSvnelovani sabuTidan irkveva, rom svaneTis
eklesiaTa mRvdelmsaxurebi Tavisi SemadgenlobiT Wreli da mravalricxovani
yofila... svaneTis eklesiaTa saqmianobas
qorepiskoposni, mamasaxlisni da moZRvarni warmarTavdnen... umravlesoba adgilobrivi yofila... X-XV ss-Si svaneTis saerisTaoSi ramdenime `saqorepisko-
458
poso~ yofila, maT Soris,
mestiaSi
mTeli saero da sasuliero sazogadoe-
(setis monasteri), laSxeTSi, svaneTis

`mTiuleTSi~ (zed qalaqs), aseve savar-
bis SeZlebuli da Segnebuli masa iRebda monawileobas, swiravdnen fulebs Tu
audoa svaneTis sxva adgilebSi. `svaneTis mTiuleTSi~ (XV-XVI ss-Ta mijna)

saepiskoposos arsebobaze `jafariZeTa
sigelSi~ naTqvamia: zed qalaqsa kargi
sabatio gumbaTiani saydari juarcmisa
xvadags, inaniebdnen codvebs, acxadebdnen survils saeklesio matianeSi Sesuliyvnen `raTa meoreT mosvlis dros
mTavarangelozebs qristes winaSe TavianTi gvarebi waekiTxaT, svanebis Rrma
saepiskoposo misiT omoforiTa Semkobili, rac efiskopozsa da imisTanaTa
rwmeniT, vai imaT visac codva Seunaniebeli d arCeboda, maTTvis jo joxeTi
saydars ekadrebis~... 360 svaneTSi saerTo

mniSvnelobis da ekonomikurad Zlier eklesias mamasaxlisTan erTad meWurWle,
gardauvali iyo~. 361 amiTaa gamowveuli

is, rom saeklesio krebaTa matianeSi ZiriTadad CamoTvlilia svaneTis mraval-
mo lar eTux uce si,
jvr is
ricxovani gvarebi. g. gasviani sruliad
mtvirTveli da sxva moxelec hyolia...

etyoba svaneTis eklesiebi umetesad
caiSelsa da cagerelis meurveobasa da
samwysoSi Sediodnen... svaneTis pirvel
eTanxmeba am sakiTxebze eqvTime TayaiSvilis cnobebs, romelic Tavmoyrilia k.

kekeliZis saxelobis xelnawerTa institutis eqv Time TayaiSvilis fondSi.
matianeze da kvirikobisas eqvTime TayaiSvilma SeamCnia, rom svaneTis qorepiskoposebi xucesni (da ara berebi) saqarTvelos uZvelesi episkoposebiviT `colosan-
amasTanave unda aRiniSnos, rom svaneTSi daculi Cveulebis Tanaxmad, weliwadis romelime dRes, svaneTis soflebis
eklesiebSi ikribeboda mrevli, romlis
ni~ yofilan... eqvTime TayaiSvilma gamoarkvia, svaneTSi drogamoSvebiT (sxvadasxva saukuneSi) yvela sofelSi tardeboda saeklesio krebebi, romelSic
drosac sasaxelod miiCneoda eklesiisaTvis raimes Sewirva, maTi siebi Cans

dgeboda kidec, rasac unda asaxavdes
`svaneTis krebebis~ siebi.
sv an eT is s ais to rio
isto riidan , gv. 66.
360
me dro Se,
Ze gl eb i,
II,
gv . 33;
361
g. g as viani,
dasav le T saq ar Tv el os
mT iane Tis
459
saeklesio Sekrebani vaxtang VI-is, solomon I-is,

Teimuraz II-isa da erekle II-is karze
XVII s-Si wmida mowamis luarsab
saqarTveloSi daiwyo qarTveli mSvidobi-
II-is, ufro zustad rostom xanis Semdeg, sparseTma SeZlo qarTuli saxelmwifoebriobisaTvis erovnul-nacionaluri
saxis gamocvla imiT, rom qarTlis samefo
taxtze mxolod mahmadian `mefe~-xanebs
svamda. msgavsi viTareba iyo kaxeTSic.
saqarTvelos kuTxeebi TandaTan gamahmadiandnen. gansakuTrebiT aRmosavleTi kaxeTi, anu saingilo, qvemo qarTlis mniSvnelovani nawili, aboci, taSiri, da
ani mosaxleobis tyveebad da monebad

gayidva, gansakuTrebiT ki axalgazrdebisa da bavSvebisa.
aseT dros qarTuli eklesia, miuxedavad qveynis spars-osmalTagan dapyrobisa, aqtiurad ibrZoda qarTul-erovnuli saxelmwifos aRdgenisaTvis. Cveni
eklesiis meTaurebma icodnen, rom qristian-mironcxebul mefeTa taxtis aRdgena ixsnida saqarTvelos yvela ube-
mimdebare miwebi vidre sevanis tbamde,

mTeli mesxeTi, qvemo guria, anu qobu-
durebisagan. imis Semdeg, rac qarTuli

eklesiis wmida kaTalikosi evdemozi mah-
leTis mxare, afxazeTi, sadac warmarTmahmadiani Cerqezuli tomebi _ afsarabazebi Camosaxldnen, Sida qarTlSi
TandaTan Camosaxldnen Crdilo kavkasiidan gaosebuli dvalebi, qarTl-kaxeTis
mahmadiani `mefe~-xanebis dros gagrZelda qveynis politikuri daqucmaceba, urTierTbrZola mcire politikur-adminis-
madiani rostom xanis winaaRmdeg uSiSrad mebrZoli sikvdiliT dasajes (1643

w.), CvenSi TandaTan gaRrmavda farTo
ge gm a sa qa rT ve lo s `g am ox sn is a~ d a
àRdgomisaTvis~. `gamoxsna~ gulisxmobda mironcxebul mefeTa taxtis aRdgenas, xolo àRdgoma~ _ saqarTvelos dapyrobil-gamahmadianebuli kuTxeebis ukan,
tra ciul
dedasamSobloSi dabrunebas.
e rTeul Ta So ris.
mTel
460
1. aseT dros eklesia midioda garkve-
triotuli gadawyvetileba, xolefa mir-
ul daTmobebze, raTa Tundac dapyrobili qveynis saTaveSi mosuliyo patri-
za-qafis gakicxvis Sesaxeb~. 363

krebis mxardaWeram ganamtkica vax-
oti moRvawe. 1705 wels mowveulma saeklesio krebam qarTlis kaTalikosad air-
tangis poziciebi taxtis pretendentobisa, amasTanave, xolefa mirza-qafi iZu-
Cia Zma vaxtang VI-isa domenti IV. saqarTvelos mdgomareobis ramdenadme Semsubuqebis unari hqonda vaxtang VI-s,
lebuli gaxda Seewyvita Tavisi saqmianoba qarTlSi da ukan dabrunebuliyo. 363

Sedga Tu ara namdvilad saeklesio
romelsac taxtze asvla SeeZlo gamahmadianebis pirobiT, magram vaxtangma ar
kreba 1712 wels? vaxuStis cnobidan

Cans, rom kaTalikosma da episkoposebma
isurva, ar uaryo sarwmunoeba. am dros

vaxtangi sparseTSi imyofeboda. `qarTlSi
neba darTes vaxtangs gamahmadianebisa,

nebarTvis micema maT krebis mowvevis
darCenilma vaxtangis mowinaaRmdegeebma

gadawyvites esargeblaT am momentiT da
qarTlis mefed daesvaT vaxtangis umcrosi naxevarZma, znedacemuli da eris-
gareSec SeeZloT. Tumca ki, SesaZloa

krebac Catarda. vaxuSti ase gadmogv cems am ambavs: èha ucxo, rameTu qristesTvis iZulebulisa vaxtangisaTvis neba-
moZule kaci, gamahmadianebuli iese~. 362

maT cili daswames vaxtang VI-s, TiTqos
mas yurani daewvas. qarTlSi ajanyebis
dawyebis SiSiT SeZrulma sparseTis Sahis karma gadawyvita saerTod aRar aey-
mowmoba sces kaTalikozman, episkoposTa

da samRvdeloTagan. xolo amisa myo felTa gankicxes xolofa da warvida
ispahansve~. 36 4
3. l. menabdis mixedviT, 1716-1717
vanaT bagrationebi (Tundac gamahmadianebulebi) samefo karze da qarTlis

taxtze asasvlelad gamogzavna iraneli
wels mowveulma saeklesio krebam sulxan-saba gakicxa. ratom? sulxan-sabas

evropidan dabrunebis Semdeg gavida sa-
moxele xolefa mirza-qafi.

2. àRniSnuli mizezebis gamo do-
miode Tve, iese taxtidan gadaayenes.

`domentim amis Semdeg SeZlo mcxeTaSi
mentim moiwvia saeklesio kreba, romelic, Cans, gaimarTa 1712 wlis miwu-
saeklesio krebaze gaekicxaT sulxansaba orbeliani, romelsac mizezad daudes
ruls. vaxuSti bagrationis cnobiT, am

saeklesio krebam erTxmad (`kaTaliko sman, episkoposTa da samRvdeloebaman~)
`wminda papis gineba~. 365 is faqtic, rom

sulxan-sabas pirdapir ar dausaxeles
gakicxvis mizezi da `papis gineba~ daa-
neba misces vaxtangs qveynis interesebisaTvis mahmadianoba mieRo. saeklesio krebis aseTi uprecedento gadawyvetilebiT domentim mkveTrad Secvala politikuri mdgomareoba vaxtangis
brales, mowmobs, rom orbeliansa da

samRvdeloebas Soris uTanxmoebas politikuri mizezi hqonda~. 366
1616-17 wlis saeklesio kreba, vfiqrobT, mowmobs or raimes. a) sulxan-
sasargeblod... imave krebam miiRo meore, aranakleb mniSvnelovani da pa-
sabas e.w. `gakaTolikeba~ mxolod politikuri momenti iyo, saqarTveloSi Camos-
l. menabde , qarT lis kaT alikosi doment i IV, s aRvTis metyvel o krebuli, 1986, #1, gv. 127; 363
iqve , gv. 131; 364 qar Tlis c xovreb a, IV, 1973, gv. 49 3; 365 sul xan-sab a orbel iani, `mogzauroba
evro paSi~, 1940, gv. 17; 366 l. menabde , dasax . naSr ., gv. 142.
362
461
vlisTanave man dagmo es orientacia,
kaTalikosad airCia antoni, magram man
iwyo `papis gineba~ da male vaxtang VIs ruseTSi gahyva, rogorc marTlmadidebeli da daikrZala kidec ruseTis marTlmadideblur eklesiaSi; b )
aRniSnuli wlis krebam sparseTs aCvena
uaryo es, ar ineba taxtze asvla da

kaTalikosis maRali wodeba misces urbnel episkoposs nikoloz xerxeuliZes.
kaTalikos nikolozs uaryofiTad axasiaTebs vaxuSti batoniSvili, igi raRac
garkveuli politikuri Jesti, radganac

sparseTsa da safrangeTs Soris urTierTkavSiri Rrmavdeboda, TurqeTis SiSiT
sparseTi im periodSi yovelmxriv uwy-
ubralo mizezis gamo xanjliT gangmira

erTma uRirsma kacma. amitomac, rogorc
aRiniSna, vakanturi adgili kaTalikosisa mefisa da mTavrobis gadawyvetilebiT
obda xels kaTolikobas da cdilobda

kidec am sarwmunoebis ganmtkicebas. 36 7
amitom, Cans, krebam àrafranguli orientaciis~ cnobili sasuliero piri dasaja, aseTad iqca sulxan-saba evropidan
dabrunebis Semdeg, es iyo loialuri
Jesti sparsuli xelisuflebisadmi.
4. vaxtang VI-is ruseTSi gadasvlis Semdeg qarTli osmalebma daipyres,
qveyanas kidev ufro uaresi dReebi daudga, `qarTvelobas~ safuZveli gamoecala. amitomac udidesi dResaswauli iyo
1744 wels Teimuraz II-is qarTlis same-
daiWira antonma 1744 wels. amave wlis

oqtomberSi antonma moiwvia saeklesio
kreba, romelmac gadawyvita Teimuraz
II-is koronacia qarTuli wesiT, e.i. mefis adgili saqarTvelos taxtze daiWira qristianma mefem;
5. 1748 wlis bolos Sedga sagangebo
saeklesio kreba, romelsac miznad hqonia dasaxuli iseTive mniSvnelobisa yofiliyo axali saqarTvelos cxovrebaSi
samefo taxtze mironcxebuli mefis asvlis Semdeg, rogoric iyo ruis-urbnisis kreba da misi gadawyvetilebebi. 1749
fo taxtze mironcxebul, e.i. qristian

mefed dasma;
1744 wels Semdgarma saeklesio krebam anton I kaTalikosad gamoacxada.
Teimurazma da qarTlis gavlenianma Tavadebma erTxmad inebes anton I-is sapatriarqo taxtze ayvana. amis safuZv-
wlis kreba warmoadgenda aRniSnuli

krebis faqtobriv gagrZelebas. kaTalikosma antonma krebas warudgina skolebis gaxsnis sakiTxic, krebis dadgenilebis safuZvelze gaxsnila stamba;
6. aseve erT krebad unda warmovidginoT 1755-56 da 1764 wlebSi Catarebu-
els, albaT, warmoadgenda iqamde ori

wliT adre 1742 wlis saeklesio kreba,
romelmac kaTalikosad airCia antoni.
1742 wlis ianvarSi sikvdilis pirze
misulma kaTalikosma domenti IV-m sakaTalikoso taxtze Tavis memkvidred daasaxela antoni. batoniSvilma Tamarma, qarTlis samefo taxtis memkvidrem (meuRlem
Teimuraz II-isa), moiwvia saeklesio kreba
1742 wels, romelmac, rogorc vTqviT,
li krebebi. kerZod, 1755 wlis 12 an 16

dekembers Semdgari kreba, romelsac
ganuxilavs anton kaTalikosis mier
`qarTuli sarwmunoebis~ (e.i. marTlmadideblobis) uaryofisa da kaTolikobis
miRebis sakiTxi, Semdgomi mowvevis kreba
Semdgara 16 dekembers, amis Semdeg imave
sakiTxze kreba Semdgara 1756 wlis 4
aprils. faqtobrivad, am erTi krebis
samive mowvevis sxdomebze ganixiles erTi
367
q. pavliaSvili, kaTolikuri e klesia da saqarTvel o, 199 4, gv. 64.
462
da igive sakiTxi, ris Semdegac antoni
erisTvis Ze mrovel yofili ioseb~.
gamoacxades sakaTalikoso taxtidan damxobilad da aiZules daetovebina saqarTvelo. am krebas politikuri miznisTvis
iyenebda mefe Teimuraz II, romelsac
hqonda mizezebi legitimuri TvalsazrisiT
rogorc wesi, eklesias hqonda mefeTa

mier damtkicebuli `samrevlo Semosavlis gujari~, `niSnis gujari~ da `saxuceso gujari~ _ yvela es saSemosavlo
wigni xonis eklesiisa `dakarguli iyo~,
saSiS metoqed mieCnia anton I. es sakiTxi ganxilulia qvemoT. Teimuraz IIis gardacvalebisTanave, erekle II-m
ruseTidan daabruna antoni da sakaTa-
e.i. eklesias Tavisi mkvidri Semosavlis

wyaro morRveuli hqonda da igi xelaxla gasarkvevi iyo, amitomac àmazeda
SamovkribeT: Tavad ufali Cveni netari
likoso taxtze dasva. 1764 wlis oqtomberSi mas miuCnevia saWirod saeklesio krebis mowveva, yvelasaTvis cxadi
iyo, rom antoni ara sarwmunoebrivi,
aramed politikuri mizezebis gamo iyo
ganSorebuli sakaTalikoso taxts. politikuri mizezis gaqrobisTanave antons
umtkivneulod daubrunes dedaeklesiis
mesaWis adgili. mxolod antonis mecnieruli warmatebiT Sewuxebuli samRvdeloebis erTi nawili zaqaria gabaSvilis
meTaurobiT Sexvda kaTalikoss mtrulad. 1764 w. krebis ZaliT maT mefem
kaTalikozi besarion, ufliswuli Zma

Cveni yovlad samRvdelo genaTis mitropoliti ioseb, Wyondidis mitropoliti
grigol, quTaTel mitropoliti maqsime,
Semoqmedeli mitropoliti nikoloz, mitropoliti daniel, bediel mitropoliti maqsime, ierusalimis patriarqis veqili svimeon arqimandriti, winamZRvari
monazoni dayudebuli germane da sxvani
erTobiT lixT-imerTa krebulni~. 369 krebam `moikiTxa~ èklesiis niSani, samrevlo, gamosavali da saxuco~ da brZana:
`niSnis~ Sesaxeb (niSani iyo is sargo
male miuCina sakadrisi adgili;

7. xonis saeklesio kreba (1761 w.
23 aprili). mefe solomon I-ma ramdenime saeklesio kaTedra aRadgina, igi
werda: àRviZvri gonebiTa, raTa JamTa
viTare bisagan ganr yvnilni ekl esiani
ganvaaxlo~. 3 6 8
eklesiisa, romelic unda gadascemoda

mas didebulis an aznauris ojaxidan,
am ojaxis romelime wevris gardacvalebis
Semdeg, es iyo tansacmeli, satransporto saSualeba, anda sxva raime piradi
qoneba micvalebulisa, romelic eklesias unda gadascemoda), rom `rogoraTac
gansakuTrebiT sainteresoa miseuli

ganmarteba eklesiisa _ èklesia ara
marto Senebani da Semkobani taZarTani
arian, aramed savsebaA igi maT Sina SekrebulTa RmrTis msaxurTa erTa simravlesa ewodebis, romliTa ididebis Ze
RmrTisa da mxsneli Cveni ieso~. 368
mefe solomonma ineba xonis wmida
giorgis taZris ganaxleba da `ganTavisufleba~, `da davayeneT mTavarepiskoposad
sxva samrevloSid iyos Tavadis da sapatio kacis Svilis, aznauris Svilis

niSani, egreT gangviwesebia~. krebam `saxucos~ Sesaxeb miiRo Sesabamisi dadgenileba. soflebis saydarSi unda ewira
mTavarepiskoposs, Tu ver moiclida mis
magier dekanozs, anda jvrismtvirTvels
unda ewira, `sawiravi~ Tanxa an xarji
unda gaeRo TiTo komls erTi Sauri,
anda erTi Sauris produqti (puri an
368
qar Tuli s amarTlis Zegl ebi, t . III, gv. 84 4;
369
iqv e, gv. 845.
463
Romi) `glexi mesame weliwads _ Sauri
SildaSi dabinavebula. 1795 w. Tbili-
mTavarepiskoposs da Sauri jvarsa da
sis a oxrebis gamo igi ieremia saebr

hgodebda da mouwodebda xalxs sinan-
jvrismtvirTvels~.
krebam miiRo xonis taZrisa da eparqiis ekonomikuri cxovrebis ganaxlebisaTvis saWiro RonisZiebani, kreba moixseniebs Svid msoflio krebas da oTx
patriarqs, `Cvens kaTalikoz besarions~; 370
8. nekresis saeklesio kreba (1762
w.). 1587 w. Sah-abasma kaxeTis mefes
aleqsandre levanis Zes waarTva samefos gaRma mxare _ kak-eniseli da sasulTnod aqcia (pirveli sulTani iyo
gaTaTrebuli mouravi vaxvaxiSvili). es
mxare im JamisaTvis nekreseli episkoposis samwysoSi Sevida. `nekreseli giSelTan erTad darajad edga qristianobas
gaRmagamoRma kaxeTSi, ingiloSi, WarSi
(fifineTSi), belaqanSi, xunZaxSi, nuxpatSi da sxvagan. 1746 w. lekebma nekresis
eparqia daaqcies (ufro adre 1706 wels
amoagdes qarTuli sofeli vardiani). am
mizezis gamo qarTl-kaxeTis mefe did
yuradRebas aqcevda nekresis eparqias.
kaTalikos ioseb jandieris dros iq
nekresel episkopos dosiTeos ficxelaurs
skolac gauxsnia. erekle II am skolisaTvis zrunavda. 1762 w. iosebma moiwvia saeklesio kreba, romelzedac nekresis saqmeebis mowesrigebis sakiTxi wamoWra da saxelmZRvanelo instruqciac Seadgina, rom nekresel episkoposs meti fasi
hqonoda mTiulTa TvalSi, daaxloebiT
1765 wels nekresis saeparqio kaTedra
371
samitropolito gaxda.
1781 wels nekresis kaTedraze manglisidan gadaiyvanes ambrosi, magram
mas nekresi dangreuli daxvedria da
ulisa da gamosworebisaken: _ `SeviZuloT warmarToba, SeviyvaroT da davicvaT qarTveloba~; 372

9. erekle II-is mowveviT, jer kidev
antonis dabrunebamde, 1762 wlis 20
dekembers Sedga saeklesio kreba. krebam
gamosca `dadgenileba saeklesio krebisa saepiskoposoTa marTvis Sesaxeb~,
romelic Seicavs 11 muxls. 1-li muxliT kreba afrTxilebs episkoposebs ùaRsarebod aravin daagdos~, me-2 muxli
sauflo dResaswaulTa da kviris wirvaze mTeli samwysos daswrebis valdebulebas Seexeboda. me-3 muxli iTxovs
_ episkoposebs, mefisa da patriarqisaTvis moexsenebinaT samwysoSi myofi
eklesiurad urCi pirovnebebis Sesaxeb,
mis dasjas mTavroba iRebda Tavis Tavze.
sxva muxlebi mouwodebdnen episkoposebs,
raTa maT yuradReba mieqciaT mRvdelTa
Sesamoslis wesierebisaTvis, exeba saeklesio inventaris sisufTaves, wmida trapezis gadasafareblebs da barZim-feSxumis Rirsebas. moxuc, uZlur mRvdels,
mis Semdgom beds Seexeba me-8 muxli,
me-9 muxlic agreTve moiTxovs mcodne
mRvdlis msaxurebas. me-10 da me-11 muxlebi Seexebian episkoposebs, mouwodebs
maT mRviZarebasa da samwysoSi codnis
gavrcelebas. krebis dadgenilebas xels
awers mefe erekle da kaTalikosi iosebi. am krebis dadgenilebis analizi iZleva
uflebas iTqvas, rom es ufro sasuliero-saero mTavrobis ùwyebaa~ episkoposebisadmi, vidre kreba; 373
qar Tuli s amarTlis Zegl ebi, t . III, gv. 84 6; 37 1 v. ToraZe , saqar Tvelos ekles ia XIX-XX ss. gv.
66; 37 2 m. kelenje riZe, s aqarTv elos sakaTalik osos mo kle ist oria, 1918, g v. 70-7 5; 37 3 qar Tuli
samarTlis Zegleb i, III, gv. 848.
37 0
464
10. aseTive saxisaa sxva ùwyebebi~
ar iuqmebs, 40 joxi daartyan (glex-
gamocemuli erekle II-isa da anton kaTalikosis xelmoweriT 1768 wels, saTau-
ebs), an mefes gadascen (`maRali vinme~),

eklesiis mamulis gacema aikrZalos, ek-
riT èpiskoposTa mimarT, maTi umaRlesoba da ukeTilmsaxuresoba mefe irakli da maTi uwmidesoba da unetaresoba
patriarxi mefis Ze antoni esreT ganvsazRvrebT, vamcnebT, movaxsenebT da
lesiis xatebi mxatvrebis mier daixatos, saeklesio wignebi ki stamburi

SeiZinon, saqarTvelos eklesiebi mamaTa
mier mocemuli kanonebiT moewyvnen: `viTarca ars yovelsa samarTlmadideblosa
u b r Za n e b T yo v e l T a s a q a r T ve l o A s a
mRvdelmTavarTa da mwyemsTa WeSmarit-
qveyanasa Sina saberZneTisa da ruseTisa,

egreT jer ars CuenTaca eklesiaTa Sina~.375
Ta esreT~. 374 es uwyeba Seicavs 35-muxlian miTiTebebs episkoposebisadmi, raTa

maT akurTxon da samwysoSi iyolion Rir-
arsebobs mosazreba, TiTqosda zaqaria

gabaSvilis moTxovniT 1768 wlis krebam
dawva antonis àpoloRia~ da `miwyale~,
seuli mRvdlebi da sasuliero pirebi,
TiTqosda antons Seefica krebisaTvis,
rom maT SeZlon Svidive saidumlos sisruliT aRsruleba, eklesiebSi hqondeT

yvela saWiro saeklesio wigni, xalxs
aTqmevinon aRsareba da aswavlon umTavre-
rom am Txzulebebs dawvavda, 37 6 rac

saeWvoa. 1765 wlis 16 noembris saeklesio krebam erekles winadadebiT gaauqma
mefis disa da giorgi amilaxoris qor-
si locvebi. eklesiebi iqonion sufTad,

trapezi Semosili, mRvdlis Sesamoseli
mTeli da sufTa, raTa eklesiebSi iyvnen
umTavresi xatebi, eklesiis moxatulo-
wineba, rac iqca sababad cnobili SeTqmulebisa paata vaxtang VI-is Zis meTaurobiT, romelic CaxSobil iqna; 377
11. T. Jordanias cnobiT, daaxloe-
ba saWiroebis mixedviT ganaaxlon, sasuliero pirebma sakvebi miiRon zomierad, ar daTvrnen, soflis mkiTxavebi
da jadoqrebi Tu ar moinanieben, daisa-
biT 1779 wels Sedga saeklesio kreba

rva mTavarepiskoposis da mTavrobis
monawileobiT. `daadgines, rom Tavidan
CamoecilebinaT samSoblos moRalate Ta-
jon, xeebsa da raime niSnebs xalxma

Tayvani ar sces, uqme dRe daicvan, vinc
vadebi da samudamod gaeuqmebinaT qsnisa

da aragvis saerisTavoebi~. 378
qar Tuli samarTlis Zegleb i, III, gv. 87 1; 37 5 iqve , gv. 87 6;

199 1, gv. 11-14 ; 37 7 iqv e, gv. 59; 37 8 iqv e, gv. 60.
37 4
37 6
saR vTismet yvelo k rebuli, #1,
465
mcxeTa-Tbilisis (1755-1756 ww.) kreba

Teimuraz II-isa da erekle II-is karze
Semdgar saeklesio krebaTa Soris gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania 1755-1756 wels
Semdgari kreba, romelmac ganixila an-
tiani da morwmune kaci, udidesi pasuxismgeblobis mqone istorikosi sikvdilis win sicrues ar Cawerda Tavis naSromSi. miT umetes, rom vaxuStim sa-
ton I-is e.w. `gakaTolikebis~ sakiTxi.

aRsaniSnavia, rom mraval gamoCenil
mecnier-istorikoss aeWvebda antonis e.w.
gangebod gamoikvlia antonis e.w. `gakaTolikebis~ saqme, risTvisac piradad Sexvda moskovSi Casul antons 1757 wels.
`gakaTolikeba~ da mas miiCnevda legitimur niadagze warmoSobil ciliswamebad. am mecnierTa Soris upirvelesad
vaxuStis cnoba mniSvnelovania imiT, rom

igi Tanamedrove iyo movlenisa.
aRsaniSnavia, movlenasTan axlomdgom
unda davasaxeloT gamoCenili istorikosi vaxuSti batoniSvili. man saqarTvelos istoriis kvlevas miudgomeli da
obieqturi TvalsazrisiT miuZRvna mTeli Tavisi sicocxle. bolo informacia
misi uzarmazari monografiisa eZRvneba
swored anton kaTalikoss, romelSic
udides istorikosebs m. broses, d. CubiniSvilsa da a. cagarels hqondaT vaxuStis msgavsi mosazreba, `rom antoni
laTinur unias ar Seucdenia da saqarTvelodan misi gaZeveba aixsneba mxolod
eWvebiT, romelic samRvdeloebaSi gaCnda antonis da italieli misionerebis
naTqvamia: `SeuTqves kaxT antons frangoba

mterobiT~, esaa, rogorc aRvniSneT, misi
istoriis bolo winadadeba qronologiur
daaxloebis gamo (a. cagarelisa da d.

CubiniSvilis azriT), anu ubralod raRac
mizeziT mefesa da antons Soris urT-
nawilSi (damatebis saxiT erTvis ZiriTa d Sr oma s), amis Se mdeg va xuSt is
aRaraferi dauweria da male gardaicvala kidec (1758 wlis 4 Tebervali). qris-
ierTobis gamwvavebis gamo (m. broses

azriT). antonis `gaZevebis namdvili
mizezi srulad ar aris gamorkveuli,
rac SeiZleba iTqvas amis Sesaxeb isaa,
466
rom kaTolikosma dakarga mefeebis ndo-
cemT, swerda igi mefes _ `maSin sjo-
ba raRac mizezis gamo, rac istorikosebs jer ver gaurkveviaT~. 379
bia momklaT~. 383

platon ioselianis Canaweridan Sei-
ai, rogor warimarTa antonis e.w.

gakaTolikebis saqme: yvelasaTvis, maT
Soris, antonisaTvis moulodnelad, 1755
Zleba vifiqroT, rom jer daapatimres

antoni da mxolod Semdgom Seudgnen im
sababis moZiebas, rac safuZvlad daede-
wlis miwuruls, kaTalikosi daapatimres,

d il eg Si C as ve s, g a kr iW es , `s is xl i
boda antonis gamtyunebas. Tavdapirvelad, zaqaria gabaSvilze ufro adre,
adines~, rogorc Cans, cemiT an upatio

mopyrobiT. dilegSi, anu sakanSi yofnisas antonTan agzavnidnen misadmi mtrulad ganwyobil sasuliero pirebs daki Tx vi s m iz ni T , ro me l Ta p a su xe bz e
dapatimrebul antonTan SeugzavniaT ori

arq imand riti . maT mier ant onisa dmi
micemuli kiTxvebidan SeiZleba vifiqroT,
rom antons jer kidev ar debdnen bralad `gakaTolikebas~, aramed cdilobdnen
dafuZnebiTac mefem da saeklesio krebam

gadawyvita kaTalikosis umkacresi das-
misTvis urwmunoeba daebralebinaT: `wargzavnil arqimandritebs kaTolikosisaTvis
ja ise, rom braldebuli arc naxes da

arc mousmines. rogorc aRiniSna, antoni `gakriWes da sapyrobiles misces.
gakriWes yvela misi Tanaziaric~. 380
dapatimrebis win antoni seriozulad iyo avad. `mzametyvelebis~ werisas
`TavauRebelma muSaobam antoni daasneula. Tavad kaTalikosis gadmocemiT, naTesavebi, mefis Svilebi urCevdnen mas xeli
aeRo mZime Sromaze, eqimebic ukrZalavdnen, vinaidan zurgis marjvena mxares,
RviZlis siaxloves tkivilebi daewyo~. 381
ukiTxavT, swams Tu ara mas RmerTi. kaTalikoss pasuxi ar gaucia, rac arqimandritebs krebisaTvis mouxsenebiaT. es
orjer da samjer ganmeorebula, mesamed, icoda ra, rom eklesiis kanonebiT
samgzis dakiTxvis Semdeg braldebuls
asamarTleben, Tuki igi Tavs ver imarTlebs, kaTalikoss fsalmunis sityvebiT upasuxnia: `Tqva ugunurma gulsa
Sina Tvissa: ara ars RmerTi~, saerTod,
Tavidan kaTolikosi mtkiced idga da ar
surda moenaniebina~. 384
dapatimrebulma antonma gadawyvita

mefisaTvis TxovniT miemarTa: `mefisadmi wardgenil TxovnaSi Cans, rom antoni sapy robil eSia. mis i urT ierT oba
mefesTan zaqaria gabaSvilis, kaTalikosis Seurigebeli mtris, meSveobiT xorcieldeba~. 38 2
aseT mdgomareobaSi myofma antonma,
romelmac ar icoda ra xdeboda mis
gare samyaroSi da eloda sikvdils, mefes
krebam 1755 wlis 16 dekembers gankveTa antoni, aukrZala RvTismsaxureba.

Sedga Tu ara namdvilad krebebi? dilegSi damwyvdeulma antonma Semdeg gadawyvita `monanieba~, ris sanacvlodac mefes
mosTxova sagangebo sabuTi ruseTSi warsadgenad. am sabuTis dedani antonma
TviTonve dawera da mefes gaugzavna xelmosawerad. mefem am sabuTs xeli ar
moawera, magram sanacvlod gadasca saek-
mimarTa TxovniT, miecaT qveynis datovebis neba, Tu amis nebasac ar mom-
lesio krebebis ganCinebebidan amonaweri. SeiZleba vifiqroT, rom sinamdvileSi
T. Jordian ia, an ton I, saRvTis metyve lo kreb uli, #1, 1991, gv. 9 9; 380 egr i, ant on I, kaTalikosi
saqarTvelo si, saRvTisme tyvelo krebuli, #1, 1991, gv. 32; 381 T. Jordan ia, an ton I, iqve, gv. 80; 382
iqve , gv. 88; 383 iqv e, gv. 88; 384 iqv e, gv. 84.
37 9
467
Sedga Sekrebani, sadac Tavis droze
vamia, rom dasjidan ramdenime dRis Semdeg
dokumentebi ar Seqmnila, magram radganac antoni iTxovda dokumentebs sagange-
antoni `kualad cnobad movida, sinanulad iwyo da agreTve qarTvelTa sarw-
bod misTvis gadasacemad, ukana ricxviT

Seadgines krebebis aqtebi da gadasces
antons. yovel SemTxvevaSi, CvenTvis xelmisawvdom ambrosi nekreselis krebulSi
1755-56 wlebis saeklesio krebaTa aqtebs
munoebisa aRsareba, fici da aRTqma daudva~. 387 krebam aseTi sakanono daado antons: `radgan aTvrameti Tve hqonda
wvalebasa Sina sxvasa sinanulisa gareT, aTvrametive Tve wirvisagan daayenes.
xelmowerebi ar aqvs. 385

1755 wlis 16 dekembers mowveul saek-
mereRa Semdgomac aTvrametis Tvis Seiwynares da wirva misces~... 387 iqve, kreba
lesio krebas gamoucia ori aqti, pirvel Si n aTqv ami a: ` q. C ven cxe bulm an
saqarTvelosaman Teimuraz da Zeman Cvenman
iTxovs monaniebis Semdegac antoni aRar

aiyvanon sakaTalikoso taxtze. ufleba
misces darCeniliyo saqarTveloSive, anda
mefeman kaxeTisaman iraklim ese aRTqma
wasuliyo romelime marTlmadideblur
da piri davamtkiceT da ucvaleblad

davdeviT krebasa Sina. vpoveT antoni
kaTalikozi romaelTa sarwmunoebaTa aRmsareblad da CvenTa sarwmunoebaTa Seu-
qveyanaSi. krebis am gadawyvetilebis

safuZveli iyo antonis mier micemuli
Txovna `xelwerili~, masSi naTqvamia
igive, rac krebam gaimeora. TxovnaSi
racxmqmnelad. amas zeda SevikribeniT

sabrZanebelTa Sina CvenTa qarTlisa da
kaxeTisa mitropolitni da episkoposni,
arqimandritni da winamZRvarni, agre
antoni àRiarebda~, rom igi Secda da

cxadad aRiara `laTinTa sarwmunoeba~,
risTvisac samarTlianad daisaja, `xolo
ukanasknel cnobad ra moved da vcan
orTave samefoTa mTavarni da darbazis

erni. mouvlineT mociqulni, vkiTxeT da
vamxileT misi boroti cTomileba. xolo
man saanjmnoda aRiara Cvenisa sarwmu-
WeSmariti sarwmunoeba, viwye tirilad,

godebad da sinanulad da amasTan uarvyav
borotad madidebloba laTinTa~. 387 igi
umorCilesad iTxovs Tvrameti Tvis Sem-
noebisagan midreka da laTinTa sarwmunoebisa aRsareba daamtkica. ese aw Sekrebulman wmidaman krebaman ugulebel hyo
da antoni kaTalikozi samociqulosa saydarisa da kaTolike eklesiisagan je-
deg miscen wirvis aRsrulebis neba, radganac amdeni xani TiTqosda igi `kaTolike~ iyo. Tu wirvis nebas miscemdnen,
amiT, antoni mRvdlobis madls daibrunebda. `xelwerilSi~ amitomac debda pi-
rovnad aRmovfxvariT da kaTalikozobisagan ganvayeneT~... 386 iqve fics deben

mefeni _ Teimurazi da erekle, ar Secva-
robas, SeCvenebuli viyo Tu `Semdgomad

mRvdlobisa SurisgebisaTvis mefe, anu
episkoposi, anu mRvdeli vswyevlo saqar-
lon es gadawyvetileba.
rogorc iTqva, imave 1755 wlis 16
dekembers Semdgarma krebam gamosca e.w.
`sinanulad gankanoneba~, romelSic me-
Tvelosa
da krebam
mxurvale
da, rom
ordeba aRniSnuli teqsti. Semdgom naTq-
mTavrad miiRebdnen, aramed, SesaZloa
Sina~. 388 rogorc iTqva, mefem

antonis Txovna daakmayofiles
Txovnis Semdgom. antonma icoruseTSi mas araTu mRvdel-
m. q av Tar ia, XVIII s . q arT uli s azo gadoeb riv i azr ovn ebis ist oriidan, 19 77,
saRv Tismet yvelo krebul i, #1, 1991, gv. 11; 387 iqv e, gv. 12; 388 iqv e, gv. 12.
385
gv . 17-19;
38 6
468
arc ki SeeSvaT, Tu xelT ar eqneboda
am cnobiTa da mRvdelmTavris wodebiT
mefeTa mier gacemuli damadasturebeli

werilebi. amitom gulmxurvaled iTxova
aRWurvili antoni wardga ruseTis wmi-
daebrunebinaT misTvis mRvdelmTavris

wodeba da miecaT Sesabamisi cnoba. am
cnobis misaRebad antoni mzad iyo yovelgvari saxis `monaniebis~ sabuTi mieca
mefeTa da krebisaTvis. igi werda gulisa-
da sinodis winaSe, sadac mtkiced ganacxada, rom mefe Teimurazma `cili

dawama da gaamtyuna udanaSaulod~. 39 0
antoni acxadebda, rom igi arasodes
yofila `gakaTolikebuli~ da rom mas
codva marTlmadideblobis winaSe ar
maCuyebel Txovna-werilebs mefe Teimurazs. marTlac, 1756 wlis 4 aprils
miuZRoda. maS, riT iyo ciliswameba

gamowveuli? Teimuraz mefes surda Cemi
gamoica `ganCineba~. igi gamocemulia

mefeTa mier da, faqtobrivad, warmoadgens antonisadmi gacemul cnoba-werils.
damxoba sakaTalikoso taxtidan, radga-
igi rom mefeTa mieraa gacemuli da ara
ambobs is, magram ara iseTi, romelic
krebis mier, iqidanac Cans, rom masSi

mefeebi pirveli piriT laparakoben, antons sweren: `garna saydarsave aRsvla
Seni cxovrebasa Sina Sensa arRara iqmneboda, orTave mefeTa krebasa ficiT
esreT dagvemtkica~. 389 antonisadmi micemul am cnoba-`ganCinebaSi~ naTqvamia:
`friad wadier iqmen yovliTurT keTilmsaxursa da yovliTurT marTlmadidebelsa
imperiasa ruseTisasa warsvlad, romelica umetes gulsavse gvyofda marTlmadideblobasa Sensa. amas zeda yovelTave
erTobiT mefeTa da krebaman SevamokleT
kanonni, romelnica gangvewesnes, raTa
Rirs iqmne usisxloAsa msxverplsa Sewirvad... da esreT pativiTa mRvdelmTavrobisaATa warggzavnes da Rirs ars SewynarebaA Seni mRvdelmTavrad marTlmadideblad da sadaca mixvide dauyovneblad xelyofad saRmrTosaA liturgiisa yovlisa samRvdelmTavroAsa moqmedebisa, viTarc mRvdelmTavari~. 389
an ton i aR adg ine s m Rvd elmT avr is
xarisxSi 18 Tvis nacvlad, 3 Tvis Semdeg, misces liturgiis aRsrulebis neba.
nac eSinoda Cemi, viTarca politikuri

mowinaaRmdegisao. `Tumca me viyav beri,
mudam cxovrobs monasterSi~. 391 maSasadame, antons SeeZlo qarTlis samefo
taxtze asvla, Tuki igi amas Seecdeboda. magram hqonda Tu ara bers amis
ufleba? rogorc antonis zemoT moyvanili sityvidan Cans, antons amis ufleba hqonda, saqarTvelos istoriaSi aris
magaliTebi, roca kaTalikosebic saero
Tanamdebobebs iWerdnen, anda mTavrobis
aqtiuri wevrebi da saero-saqveyno cxovrebis warmmarTvelebi iyvnen, esaa cnobili faqtebi (mag.: Wyondidelis mier
saqarTvelos mTavrobis marTva da sxv.).
magram aris aseve ufro cxoveli magaliTebi. magaliTad, gurielTa samTavro
saxlis Svili svimoni berad iyo aRkvecili daaxloebiT 1657-1660 wlebSi, miuxedavad amisa, mas imereTis mefe aleqsandrem uboZa guriis mTavris tituli, berma
simonma gaixada beris Coxa da avida
guriis mTavris taxtze, gaxda mTavari
guriisa. eklesiis mxridan am yofil bers
daades sakanono _ beris Coxis gaxdis
sanacvlod, mTavarma eklesias Seswira
gan Cineba 1756 wlis 4 aprilis krebisa, iqve , gv. 13; 39 0 n. mTvare liSvil i, anto n I, s aqarTv elos
kaTalikozi, saRvTismetyve lo kre buli, # 1, 1991, gv. 22; 39 1 iqv e, gv. 28.
389
erTi sofeli, romlis Sesabamisi sabu392
Tic moRweulia Cvenamde.

arsebobs meore magaliTic, roca
erTma kaTalikosma Tavis xelSi aiRo
saqarTvelos erT-erTi kuTxis mTavroba: afxazeTis (dasavleT saqarTvelos)
kaTalikosi malaqia amave dros iyo guriis
mTavaric. misi tituli iyo `gurielkaTalikosi patroni malaqia~, cxovrobda XVII s-is dasawyisSi. 393
saqarTvelos istoriidanac aris mag al iT e bi , ro c a be r ad S em d ga rm a
pirovnebam gaixada sabero Coxa da avida samefo taxtze. magaliTad, daviT
aRmaSeneblis Ze demetre I aiZula Svilma
daviT V-m mietovebina samefo taxti,
igi berad aRikveca, Svilis sikvdilis
Semdgom ki gaixada beris Coxa da kvlav
dajda mefis taxtze, aseve kaxeTis mefem
aleqsandrem miatova mefoba, aRikveca
berad, Semdeg ki gaixada beris Coxa da
avida samefo taxtze.
m sg a v si mo v l en e bi c no b il i iy o
saqarTveloSi da ar qmnida iseTi saxis
ux erx ulo bas , r ogo ric Se iZl ebo da
m sg a v si m ov l e ni s a s w a rm o S ob i l iy o
ruseTSi, radganac ruseTisagan gansxvavebiT saqarTvelos eklesias hqonda farTo saxelmwifo-mmarTvelobiTi uflebebi. TviTon anton kaTalikosis wina kaTalikosi domenti IV-c, rogorc misi Tanamedroveni fiqroben, cdilobda beris
Coxis gaxdas da qarTlis samefo taxtis daWeras orjer sxvadasxva wels,
qarTlSi rogorc sparsTa, ise osmalTa
mbrZaneblobis dros. magaliTad, sparsTa mbrZaneblobis dros, vaxuStis cnobiT, qarTlis droebiTma gamgebelma svimonma daapatimra kaTalikosi domenti
469
da wauyena saxelmwifo taxtis mitacebis braldeba. `dapatimrebuli domenti

ganaCenis aRsasruleblad gadasces vaxtangis ufros Svils baqars, romelic
im dros sisxlis samarTlis saadministracio uwyebas ganagebda~. vaxuStis cnobiT, `domenti namdvilad imitom midioda Suris cixeSi, rom iq Tavi mefed
gamoecxadebina~. 394 qarTlSi osmalTa Semosevis Semdeg stambolSi Casuli domentis Sesaxeb arsebobda mosazreba, `TiTqos domenti kaTalikosi konstantinopolSi gaemgzavra im mizniT, raTa qarTlis mefoba Caegdo xelSi~. 395
maSasadame, antonis winamorbedi domenti kaTalikozis Sesaxeb samefo saxlsa da imdroindel sazogadoebaSi arsebobda myari Tvalsazrisi, rom igi
cdilobda sabero Coxis gaxdas da qarTlis samefo taxtis daWeras. es azri
didad awuxebda samefo saxlis wevrebs
da isini iRebdnen Sesabamis zomebs amis
aRsakveTad (sxvaa is, namdvilad surda
Tu ara domentis samefo taxtze asvla). aseTi viTarebis dros, roca kaTalikoss SeeZlo samefo taxtze asvla,
Teimurazis SeSfoTeba bunebrivia. qarTlis Tavadebi da maTi momxre mosaxleoba uaryo fda Teimurazis l egitimur
uflebas qarTlis taxtze. antons ki am
dros taxtze asvlis kanonieri ufleba
hqonda (sxva sakiTxia is, rom antonma
piradad uari ganacxada am taxtze).
ze moT moyv anil ida n ga momd inar e,
ruseTis sinodis winaSe gamosvlisas
antoni ar tyuoda. Tuki isurvebda, antons SeeZlo monastridan gamosvla da
qarTlis taxtis daWera, swored amis
gamo damwama cili SeSfoTebulma Te-
s ak ano no s mir Tmevis wig ni s vimon da dimitr i gur ie lis a kaT al ik os zaqar iasadmi, qar Tuli
samarTlis Zegleb i, III, 1970, gv. 536; 393 iqve, gv. 498; 394 l. menabde, qarTlis kaTalikosi domenti IV,
saRvTismetyvelo krebuli, #1, 1986, gv, 136; 39 5 iqv e, gv. 148.
39 2
470
imurazma da saqarTvelodan gamomaZevao,
traluri samRvdelmTavro kaTedra. maSas-
ambobda antoni sinodis winaSe. antonma

msgavsadve mimarTa imperatricas. 396 kerZod, antoni werda, rom qarTlSi didi
areulobaa, `...Tumca amis gamo RvTiT
boZebuli samwyso ar unda mimetovebina,
adame, antonis e.w. `gakaTolikeba~ ciliswamebad miiCnies da irwmunes antonisa,

rom igi udanaSaulod iyo gamoZevebuli
saqarTvelodan. ìmperatricam 1757 wlis
8 agvistos sinods ubrZana antonisaTvis
magram roca Tavadebs codvebis monaniebas movuwodebdi da vurCevdi, ukeTurebaze xeli aeRoT, es ver aitanes da
moiwadines Cemi damxoba, rasac mizezis
CaebarebinaT eparqia moskovis maxloblad.

wm. sinodma 1757 wlis 1 dekembris gankargulebiT antons SesTavaza vladimirisa
da iaropolis saepiskoposo kaTedra~. 398
gareSe ver miaRwevdnen, amitomac damadanaSaul es da gamomicxad es, sadac

gnebavs wadio. vinc axla saqarTveloSi
mefoben, taxtis memkvidreni ar arian.
saqarTvelo ekuTvnis papaCems da Cemi
gvaris samemkvidroa. marTalia, beri
viyavi, magram sul monasterSi ar micxovria. yvela Tavadi da pativdebuli adamianebi, vinc biZaCemis (vaxtang VI) da
mamaCemis (ieses) aRzrdilebi iyvnen, ganawyenebis Jams me mommarTavdnen da mec
yovelTvis vamSvidebdi, ris uflebasac
Tanamdeboba maZlevda. amas mefe ver
iqamde ki antoni wmida sinodis StatSi

iyo Caricxuli.
antoni rom ar cruobda da namdvilad ciliswamebad miaCnda misTvis
`gakaTolikebis~ dabraleba, Cans antonis piradi werilebidan masTan erTad
dasjili pirebisadmi. am ukanasknelebma,
cxadia, kargad icodnen, Tu risTvis
iyvnen dasjilni da amitomac antonis
mier maTdami gagzavnil werilebSi mxolod simarTle unda Tqmuliyo. werilebi gamiznuli iyo ara gamosaqveyneblad,
aramed, albaT, konspiraciulad gada-
itanda da erTxelac gadawyvita Cemi

damxoba. moigona mizezi, cili damwama,
damadanaSaula, davkarge xarisxi da wamovedi~... 397 yoveli sityva simarTlis Semcvelia. antonma daasaxela saqarTvelos
is moxeleebi, romelnic uwesobas sCadiodnen da aviwroebdnen mosaxleobas,
ecemoda adresats, romelsac SeeZlo maTi

ganadgureba, anda dawva. Cven mxedvelobaSi gvaqvs antonis werilebi protopresviter aleqsi mesxiSvilisadmi, romelic Tavis droze antonis Tanamzraxvelobis gamo sastikad iyo dasjili.
1758 wels dasjidan arcTu ise didi
amitomac amxelda maT kaTalikosi: `me

gamoveqomage Cagrulebs, risTvisac Tavadebma da TviT mefemac SemiZules, kaTolikoba damwames da gamaZeves, es rom
marTali yofiliyo, romSi wavidodi da
ara ruseTSio~. 397
WeSmariti marTlmadidebluri rwmenis aRiarebis safuZvelze ruseTis sinodma antoni gaamarTla, xolo imperatricam mianiWa ruseTis erT-erTi cen-
xnis gavlis Semdeg antoni saqarTveloSi darCenil aleqsis swerda, rom maT
orTaves, cili daswames da usamarTlod
dasajes. cxadia, antonis Tanamzraxvelebma da TanamoRvaweebma kargad icodnen, cili daswames Tu ara maT da sasjeli kanonieri iyo Tu ukanono. cili rom
ar daewamebinaT maTTvis, antoni megobars
amis Sesaxeb arafers miswerda. kerZod,
antoni swers aleqsis: àdamianebma, rom-
39 6
T. Jordania, anton I, saRvTismetyvelo krebuli, #1, 1991, gv. 92;
39 7
iqve, gv. 94;
39 8
iqve, gv. 98.
471
l eb ic
Ta v is i
sax e li T
m ov i dn en ,
ukan, saqarTveloSi, miiwvia antoni da
dagvglijes da dagvfantes Cven _ uflis saxeliT mosulni da im dRes sisx-
dasva sakaTalikoso taxtze. rogorc

aRiniSna, antonma ruseTis sinodisa da
lma Senma viTarca marTali abelisa da

zaqarias sisxlma RmerTs SehRaRada~. 399
antoni, romelic Tavis Tavs uwodebs
ùflis saxeliT mosuls~, sicrues ar
miswerda ambis TviTmxilvel da monaw-
imperatoris winaSe Tavis udanaSaulod

ciliswameba-dasjaSi daadanaSaula Teimuraz II da qarTlis Tavadebi, werilebSi adanaSaulebda zogierT samRvdelo
pirsac. amitomac ganvixiloT es sakiTx-
ile sasuliero pirs. am pirs iseve marTlad miiCnevs, rogorc bibliur abels.
ebi cal-calke da agreTve antonis damokidebuleba laTin patrebTan.
rogorc abelis sisxlma SehRaRada RmerTs, aseve SehRaRada marTali aleqsi

mesxiSvilis sisxlma, romelic ucemiaT
dapatimrebis Jams. igi iseve udanaSaulo yofila, rogorc winaswarmetyveli
zaqaria, romelic aseve udanaSaulod
dasajes. sxva werilSi antoni erTgulebisaTvis dasjil aleqsis ase amxnevebda
weriliT: `Sen aRdgebi da amxel mas,
vinc borotad cili gwama winaSe uzenaesi msajulisa, romelsac Sexvdebi
caTa Sina, raTa masTan moipovo saukuno sasufeveli~. 39 9
ufro naTlad gamoTqma SeuZlebelia, rom antons cildawamebul pirovnebad miaCnia Tavisi Tavi, maSasadame, igi
miiCnevda, rom marTali iyo marTlmadideblobis winaSe, mas kaTolikoba arasodes miuRia.
aRsaniSnavia, rom, rogorc Cans, erekle mefes ar sjeroda antonis `gakaTolikeba~, sindisi qenjnida misi udanaS a u lo d d a s ji s g a m o d a a m i to m a c
saqarTvelodan gadasaxlebul antons gzaSive miadevna aseTi Sinaarsis werili
1756 wlis 26 noembers: `me uSenod ver
viqnebi, Torem bolos gamoCndeba, me uSenod ara meameba ra~. 400 marTlac, Teimuraz mefis gardacvalebisTanave ereklem
39 9
a) antonis urTierTdamokidebuleba Teimuraz II-sa da TavadebTan

antonis mama iyo qarTlis kanonieri
mefe iese levanis Ze. sparsuli kanonebis Tanaxmad, qarTlis mefobis legitimuri ufleba gadadioda ufrosi Zmidan
momdevnoze. levan muxranel-bagrationis Semdeg sparselebma qarTlis mefeebad daadgines erTmaneTis Semdeg misi
vaJebi, maT Soris vaxtang VI da iese.
amitomac vaxtang VI-isa da ieses STamomavlebi (baqar mefe, aleqsandre, abdula-arCili) ibrZodnen kidec qarTlis
samefo taxtis xelSi Casagdebad. qarTlis mefeebs im dros sparseTis Sahi
niSnavda. qarTlisaTvis erTmaneTs edavebodnen osmaleTi da sparseTi. osmalTa
Semotevisas (1723 w.) proosmaluri orientaciisaTvis iese mefes sparselebma osmalTa gandevnis Semdeg aRar misces qarTlis taxti, xolo vaxtang VI-is prorusuli orientaciiT sastikad gaRizianebulma sparseTma saerTod CamoarTva
muxranel bagrationebs qarTlis taxti,
romelic Semdgom gadaeca kaxel bagrationebs, rasac ar urigdebodnen rogorc
vaxtang VI-is STamomavlebi, aseve qarTlis zogierTi Tavadi.
T. Jordan ia, ant on I, s aRvTis metyvel o kreb uli, #1, 1991, gv. 86;
400
iqv e, gv. 24.
472
anton kaTalikosis genealogia aseTia:
vaxtang VI
mefe
qarTlis mefeebi
kaxeTis mefeebi
levan muxranbatoni
erekle I bagrationi
domenti
kaTalikosi
iese
mefe
baqar mefe
elene
elisabedi
Teimuraz II
anton I
kaTalikosi
rogorc iTqva, sparseTis Sahma qarTlis mefeTa taxti CamoarTva qarTlis

bagrationebs da gadasca kaxel bagra-
laxvris qalze. SesaZloa, es iyo niSnoba, radganac mTavarepiskopos timoTes cnobiT, Teimurazma uari Tqva qor-
tion Teimuraz II-s. anton I-is deda,

daA Teimurazisa, qarTlis taxtis erTaderT kanonier memkvidred miiCnevda
winebaze, radganac surda monazvnoba da

`sZulda amqveyniuri wuTieri cxovreba~. rogorc cnobilia, male ise warima-
Tavis Svils, momaval kaTalikoss. àntonis RvTismoSiSi deda, romelic cdilobda SvilisaTvis epoqis Sesaferisi,
yovelmxrivi ganaTleba mieca, sakaTali-
rTa qarTlisa da antonis ojaxis saqme,

rom antonma faqtobrivad uari Tqva
taxtze. 18 wlisa 1739 wlis 2 Tebervals berad aRikveca gelaTis monaster-
koso wodebisaTvis ki ar amzadebda mas,
Si, 3 Tebervals diakvnad akurTxes, 1740
aramed samefo taxtis dasabruneblad

(saRvTismetyvelo mecnierebaTa Seswav-
wlis 27 seqtembers akurTxes quTaTel

mitropolitad.
antonis es qmedeba dedisaTvis iyo
umZimesi dartyma, deda swerda antons:
`rad dahkarge samefo da imedi mefobisa~. dedis azriT, `moatyues ymawvili,
las da, saerTod, saRvTo werilis codnas mefeTa yvelaze Rirseul samkaulad
miiCnevdnen im dros)~. 401
Tavisi miznis misaRwevad 1734 Tu
1735 wels dedam saswrafod gamoiyvana
monastridan iq saswavleblad Sesuli
Teimurazi (ase erqva anton I-s berad
aRkvecamde) da 14 wlis ymawvili daaqorwina _ am droisaTvis qarTlis faqtobrivad, mpyrobeli Tavadis _ givi ami401
episkoposad dasves~. 402 `mxolod Sen unda

gezruna Cvens dakargul taxtze~, _ swers
elene sxva werilSi antons, _ `mxolod
Sen xar erTaderTi memkvidre sawyalob el i, R vT is pi ri da n g ad av ar dn il i
mamisa~. 403 gamahmadianebul qarTlis mefe
T. Jordania, anton I, saRvTismetyvelo krebuli, #1, 1991, gv. 39;
402
iqve, gv. 131;
403
iqve, gv. 40.
473
ieses antonis (Teimurazis) garda sxva
mimarTavs. amitomac Sahi mas, winare
Svilic hyavda, naxevarZma antonisa arCili (igive abdul-begi), magram igi elenes
kaTalikosTa msgavsad 1000 Tumans (e.i.

10.000 man.) uniSnavs da usurvebs, Cveu-
ar miaCnda kanonier memkvidred, radganac ukanono Svili iyo (misi deda iyo
li wesiTa da rigiT gauZRves Tavis

samwysos. Semdgomma Sahebmac daadas-
coli erTi Tavadisa. iesem mas waarTva

da Tavad SeirTo).
tures es gankarguleba, magaliTad, ismailma 1747 wels, ibrahimma _ 1748
qarTlis taxtisTvis daucxromlad

ibrZodnen vaxtang VI-is STamomavlebi, da
agreTve, Teimuraz II, abdul-begi da ax-
wels kaTalikoss gamougzavnes samosi

da anafora. samagierod ki orive ubrZanebda, ar Careuliyo saeklesio mam-
algazrda Teimurazi (momavali antoni). Teimuraz II-s seriozul metoqed miuCnevia
ulebis saqmeSi~. 405

1747 wels Teimuraz II iZulebuli
axalgazrda Teimurazi, gansakuTrebiT daufrTxia mis damoyvrebas givi amilaxvarTan,
gaxda irans gamgzavrebuliyo, rac iyo

Tavganwirva eris gadasarCenad. qarTlSi
amitomac fiqrobs T. Jordania, rom 14

wlis ufliswuls sacole Sahma waarTva
ufro metad gaRvivda dinastiuri omi,

mas saTaveSi edga anton I-is Zma abdul-
Teimuraz II-is intrigebiT.404
beg ieses Ze. amis gamo Teimurazma am-
Teimuraz II (1700-1762), Rrmad mor-
jobina kompromisi da iranSi gamgzavre-
wmune qristiani, saxelovani poeti da

qarTuli kulturis Tavdadebuli moam-
bis win qarTlis gamgebloba ereklesa

da abdul-begs Caabara. abdul-begi qarT-
age, iranis Sahma qarTlis mefed daamtkica 1744 wels. Teimurazma axalmok-
lis taxtis kanonier memkvidred miiCnevda Tavs, Tumca ufleba Teimurazsac
luli kaTalikosis adgili uboZa an-
hqonda, radganac misi meuRle Tamari
tons. sxvaTa Soris, qarTlSi didi gavlenis mqone abdul-begsa da Teimurazs
vaxtang VI-is asuli iyo. abdul-begi

e re k le s ag a n m oi T xo v da xe l i a eR o
Soris urTierTSeTanxmebiT momxdara

antonis ayvana sakaTalikoso taxtze
qarTlze. antoni cdilobda abdul-begis Serigebas mefesTan. iqamde ki, ded-
1744 wels. jer kidev 1742 wlis krebam antons sakaTalikoso taxti SesTava-
ofal Tamaris gardacvalebis Semdeg, Teimurazi abdul-begis naTesavze, ana-
za. 1744 wels antonma kaTalikosad
xanumze daqorwinda, xolo abdul-begs
kurTxevamde miiRo nadir-Sahis dasturi.
SerTo erekle I-is qaliSvili begumi. es
`Sahis sigelSi, sxvaTa Soris, naTqvami

iyo: misTvis cnobili gaxda saeklesio
krebis mier Teimuraz II-is disSvili
iyo Teimurazis iranSi gamgzavrebamde,

magram damoyvrebam dinastiuri omi ar
daacxro. am omSi antonma, Tanaxmad zo-
maRalyovladusamRvdeles antonis qristianuli religiis dogmatebSi ganswav-
gierTi cnobisa, mxari dauWira abdulbegs. abdul-begi damarcxda. Teimuraz
lulisa da mRvdelmTavarTa Soris upi-
II-s aseve mosvenebas ar aZlevda fiqri
ratesis arCeva, ris gamoc yvela kmay-
ruseTSi gadaxvewili qarTlis taxti-
ofilia da Sahs yvela SuamdgomlobiT
saTvis mebrZol vaxtang VI-is STamomav-
404
T. Jordania, dasax . naSr. , gv. 4 1;
405
iqv e, gv. 53.
474
lobaze, antonis biZaSvilebze. vaxtang
Ta gaZliereba... SemdgomSi swored am
VI-is SviliSvili, baqaris vaJi, aleqsandre batoniSvili dauaxlovda da daume-
partiis daxmarebiT SeiWra aleqsandre

saqarTveloSi, erekles winaaRmdeg brZo-
gobrda imperator petre III-s, misi daxmarebiT apirebda qarTlis taxtze asv-
laSi miimxro kaxeTis Tavadebi, imereTis mefe, axalcixisa da daRestnis xane-
las. am imperatoris gardacvalebis Semdeg

SeZlo daaxloeba imperatrica elisa-
bi, agreTve sparselebi da mTielebi~.

1754 wlis elCobis CaSlam (aleqsandres
bedTanac da samefo karze fexi moikida.

igi ruseTSi gadaxvewil qarTvelTa Soris
xlarTavda intrigebis bades Teimurazisa
xelSewyobiT) gaamZvinvara Teimuraz II

da kidev ufro ganawyo anton I-is winaaRmdeg. mas mZulvareba gamoumJRavnebia an-
da erekles winaaRmdeg.
1751 wlis 15 Tebervals Teimuraz-
tonis, viTarca politikuri mowinaaRmdegis mimarT. erekles vaJi giorgi an-
erekles laSqari WarSi sastikad damarcxda, 1752 wels aseve damarcxdnen
tons uyurebda viTarca Teimuraz II-is

mier SeZulebul pirovnebas. igi `kaTa-
qarTvelebi ganjis omSi. saqarTvelos

mtrebi aiSalnen. mefeebi sagangebod emza-
likossa antons pirvelsa ara wyalobda

siyrmidanve, viTarca kacsa papisagan mis-
debodnen mozRvavebuli mtris Sesakave-
isa Teimurazisa SeZulebulsa~. 407
blad da Setevaze gadasasvlelad. Te-
zemoaRniSnul politikur-dinastiur
imurazma da ereklem ruseTis saxelmwifos mimarTes da jariT daxmareba
mizezebs unda Seemzadebina niadagi anton kaTalikosis sastiki dasjisaTvis,
sTxoves. aTanase Tbileli episkoposisa

da simon mayaSvilis elCoba ruseTSi
gansakuTrebiT 1754 wlis Semdeg, rac

muxranel bagrationTa intrigebis gamo
(1752-1754) unayofo gamodga, ruseTma
ru seTi sag an
uari ganacxada.
ru seT is maR al
myo fi
saqarTvelos samefo karma. amgvar viTarebaSi antoni mZevlis rolSi aRmoCn-
aleqsandre batoniSvili cdilobda Teimurazis elCebi gadaebirebina, ruseTis
da. muxraneli bagrationebis gulis mogeba da Sekaveba ver SeZlo Teimurazma
samefo karsa da did moxeleebze gavlenis ZaliT igi axerxebda CaeSala qarTv-
verc maTi samefo saxlis Svilis anton

I-is sakaTalikoso taxtze ayvaniT, xolo
el mefeTa elCobis miznebi. 406 `misi ini-
1754 wlis Semdeg, rac muxranelma bagra-
ciativiT CaiSala 1754 wels Teimurazis
tionebma ukiduresi mtroba gamoamJRavnes
elCebis molaparakeba ruseTis xelmwifesTan. uSedegod damTavrda sxva iseTi

elCobebic, romlebic Tavidan warmateb-
Teimurazis mimarT ruseTis samefo karze,

an to ni s, vi Tar ca g ark ve uli T va lsazrisiT mZevlis dasjas unda gaemware-
isaken ixreboda. batoniSvilis gavlena

saqarTvelos politikur saqmeebze gan-
bina qarTleli bagrationebi. 1755 wlis

miwuruls antoni daapatimres, Semdeg
pirobebuli iyo imiT, rom mas mxars
ki ruseTSi gadaasaxles.
wr eeb Si
daxm are ba
ver
mii Ro
uWerda ruseTis samefo karis didi par-
ruseTSi antonma, rogorc cnobilia,
tia, romelsac ar surda qarTvel mefe-
Tavis devnaSi agreTve daadanaSaula qarT-
406
T. Jordania, dasax . naSr. , gv. 9 2;
407
p. ioseliani, c xovreb a giorg i mecametisa, 1936, gv. 181.
475
lis Tavadebi. ismis kiTxva, ratom unda
gamwvavebuliyo misi urTierToba TavadebTan, xom ar icavda maTgan antoni saeklesio qonebas? marTlac, rogorc sabuTebi uCvenebs, qarTl-kaxeTSi mahmadian mefexa nT a m mar Tv elo bi s d ro s T ava de bs
miutacniaT saeklesio mamulebi da Sahis imediT surdaT am mamulebis SenarCuneba. amis dasturia 1744 wels antonisadmi gagzavnili nadir-Sahis, 1747
wlis Sah-ismailisa da 1748 wlis Sahibrahimis sigelebi, romlebSic isini ubrZaneben antons ar Careuliyo saeklesio
mamulebis saqmeebSi. 408 ìs sasuliero
pirebi, vinc TavadTa mamulebSi moRvaweobdnen, xSirad ver icavdnen eklesiisa
da saxelmwifos interesebs~. 409 àucileblad unda aRiniSnos, rom antonma moawesriga saeklesio mamulebis marTva... SemorCenilia ramdenime dokumenti, romlebSic
antoni cdilobs Tavidan aicilos qarTlis Zlieri Tavadebis (amilaxvrebisa da
erisTavebis) Careva saeklesio mamulebis
saqmeebSi. am TavadebTan kamaTi imiT dasrulda, rom kaTalikosma maT CamoarTva
werilobiTi valdebuleba, rom isini amieridan aRar Seexebian saeklesio mamulebs~. 410 marTalia, es moxda antonis
dabrunebis Semdeg, magram vinc icnobs
antonis mizanmimarTul moqmedebas, ganWvrets, rom aseve iyo adrec da es warmoadgenda namdvil mizezs konfliqtisa
antonsa da Tavadebs Soris. al. xaxanaSvili wers: `mefeTa brZolam TavadebTan,
politikurma daqucmacebulobam wvril
damoukidebel samTavroebad, gamoiwvia saeklesio Zalauflebis erTianobis daSla~, 411
rasac antoni ver Seurigdeboda.
T. Jordania, dasax. naSr . gv. 53;
36; 413 iqv e, gv. 55.
408
409
b) antonis urTierToba somxebsa da

laTinebTan
XVII s-is da XVIII s-is pirvel naxevarSi e.w. `somxebi~ da `laTinebi~
saqarTveloSi mniSvnelovan Zalas warmoadgendnen. spars-osmalTa mier gatarebuli sagangebo politikis Sedegad daiTrguna `qarTvelTa sarwmunoeba~ (ase ewodeboda marTlmadideblobas saqarTveloSi,
rogorc amas XVIII s-is saeklesio sabuTebi uCveneben), sanacvlod ki dampyroblebma gaaZlieres somxur-monofizituri
da kaTolikuri eklesiebi. saqarTvelos
mosaxleobis erTi nawili, eTnikuri warmomavlobiT qarTveli, iRebda grigorianul da kaTolikur sarwmunoebas. amis
gamo icvleboda maTi erovnuli cnobiereba,
qarTvelebi `somxdebodnen~ da `frangdebodnen~. `qarTvelTa sarwmunoebis~ devnis naTeli magaliTia XVII-XVIII ss-Si
saqarTvelos eklesiis mRvdelmTavrebis
ruseTSi iZulebiTi gadasaxleba saqarTveloSi darCenis SeuZleblobis gamo.
kaTalikoss domenti IV-s ukanonod
CamoarTves taxti da 1725 wels osmaleTis kunZul tenedosze gadaasaxles.
gapartaxda bevri eparqia mahmadianTa,
gansakuTrebiT lekebis, SemosevaTa gamo,
daitaces saeklesio qoneba. saqarTvelo datoves da ruseTSi vaxtang VI-s
gahyvnen Semdegi episkoposebi: qristefore samTavneli, pavle Tbileli, nikoloz mroveli, arsen mangleli, nikoloz urbneli da episkoposi iona,
male saqarTvelo iZulebiT miatoves da
ruseTSi gadasaxldnen mTavarepiskopos
ioseb samebeli, romanoz samTavneli da
ioane mangleli. Seirya eklesiaSi wesrigi da disciplina. 412
iqv e, gv. 56;
410
iqv e, gv. 68;
411
iqve , gv. 10 6;
412
iqve , gv.
476
bevri gaCanagebuli eparqia gauqmda.
ydnen aseT sqolastikur kamaTs, romel-
swored amis gamo, faqtobrivad umrevlod da ueparqiod darCenili episkoposebi gadasaxldnen ruseTSi, sadac maT
megobrulad xvdebodnen. 413
zemoaRniSnuli 9 episkoposis ruseTSi
ic adamianur logikas ar eqvemdebareboda. somxebma da kaTolike propagandistebma es iaraRi erTdroulad mimarTes

qarTuli eklesiis winaaRmdeg~. 416 qvemo
qarTli da saingilo avsebula monofiz-
gadasaxlebis magaliTiT kargad Cans, Tu

ra saSineli gasaWiri adga qarTul eklesias XVIII s-is pirvel naxevarSi.
swored aseTi gasaWiris dros mdidari
itebis gaSmagebuli mqadageblebiT. ìsin i cd i lo bd n en q v ey ni s p ol i ti ku r

gasaWirze religiuri daSlac daerToT.
mTavarepiskopos timoTes gadmocemiT, es
`somxuri eklesia, romelic XVIII s-Si

mxiTaristebis SromebiT gamdidrda, sqolastikuri literaturiT SeiaraRebuli,
kaTalikos lazaris meTaurobiT aRdga
qarTuli eklesiis winaaRmdeg da daiwyo CvenSi sxvadasxva eretikuli mosazrebebisa da monofizitobis gavrceleba~. 413
aRmoCnda, rom sasuliero ganaTlebis
doniT somxuri eklesia qarTul eklesiaze ufro maRla idga. italiaSi Camoyali bebu lma s omex kaTo like Ta (mxiTaristTa) sazogadoebam somxuri eklesia gaamdidra axali Targmnili da orig-
cbieri da moxerxebuli mqadageblebi

mglebiviT Semosevian saqarTvelos, raTa
qristes samwyso daetacebinaT~. 417
iseT did warmatebas miaRwia somxuri sarwmunoebis gavrcelebis donem
saqarTveloSi da ise didi raodenobis
qarTveloba iRebda monofizitobas, rom
yofili qarTvel-marTlmadidebeli mrevli T avisi saekle sio Se nobebi TurT
monofiziti mRvd lis samwysod da
samkvidrod xdeboda. somexTa kaTalikosma lazare Waukelma gadawyvita TviT
saqarTvelos kaTalikosis karze eqada-
inaluri literaturiT. maTi daxmarebiT

somxe bi saqar TveloSi avrceleb dnen
somxur da kaTolikur eress. T. Jordanias da Cveni sxva mkvlevarebis azriT,
qarTveli mRvdelmTavrebi uZlurni aRmoCndnen mxiTaristebis sqolastikisa da
samecniero moZRvrebis winaSe. 414 daiwyo
gna monofizitoba da qarTvelTa kaTalikosi somxuri eklesiis simarTleSi

daerwmunebina. èretikosebi TviTon anton kaTalikossac ki ekamaTebodnen, zemo
qarTlis erTma somexma mRvdelma mas
xangrZlivi kamaTi gaumarTa. am moZraobis sulisCamdgmeli iyo somexTa kaTa-
qarTvelTa gasomxeba grigorianuli rwmenis da somxuri enis gavrcelebiT. 41 5

`mxiTaristebis mier Targmnili evropel
avtorTa sqolastikuri Txzulebebi warmoadgenda religiuri kamaTis axal, CvenSic da somxeTSic ucnob saxelmZRvanelos. somxebma am sqolastikuri iaraRis
meSveobiT (igi umTavresad aristoteles
logikas emyareboda) SesamCnevad gaaswres
qarTvelebs, romlebic pirvelad waaw-
likosi lazare (Waukeli) _ antonis Tanamedr ove, sqo lastikur moZRvre baze
aRzrdili, Tavgamodebuli monofiziti.
igi dauaxlovda antons da, rogorc Cans,
cdilobda mis gadabirebas~. 417
` mo n o fi z i to b i s p r op a g an d i st T a
winaaRmdeg brZolaSi antonma mimarTa
sityvas _ mecnierul sityvas. magram
sqolastikur mqadageblebTa sityvisgebaSi imave sqolastikis ena unda gamoey-
414
T. Jordania, dasax. naSr., gv. 69;
415
iqve, gv. 76;
416
iqve, gv. 77;
417
iqve, gv. 78;
418
iqve, gv. 80.
477
enebina. amisaTvis winawar unda gascno-
da sxva SromaTa gamoqveynebisas zogi-
boda am movlenebis wyaroebs laTinur

da somxur enebze~. 418 ai, ratom dauax-
erTi qarTveli samRvdelo piris reaqcias: èse sazRvardeba ars kacTa vieT-
lovda antoni saqarTveloSi myof kaTolike mecnierebs. maTgan surda Seeswavla laTinuri ena da moepovebina laTinur enaze arsebuli is mecnieruli masala, rac gamoadgeboda marTlmadidebluri
me samRvdeloTa Tav-xedTa da yovlad

umecarTa Cvens Soris, rameTu visaca
mecnierebis mimarT (midrekilebas) gamoaCenen _ qarsa borbalsa aRadgenen
mas zeda da saWesa cxovrebisasa ganu-
sarwmunoebis dasacavad monofizit da

kaTolike sqolastikosTagan. marTlac,
texen da miscemen RelvaTa warmtacebad ufskrulTadmi~. 420
mizanmimarTulma antonma iRvawa Tavdauzogavad da Seqmna monofizitTa da laTinTa ganmaqiqebeli uzarmazari Txzu-
rogorc aRvniSneT, `mzametyvelebis~

gamoqveynebis Semdeg antonis winaaRmdeg
monofizitebis mqadageblebTan erTad aRd-
leba `mzametyveleba~. iseTi Tavganwir-
ga zogierTi qarT veli samRvdeloc,
viT iRvwoda am Sromis Sesaqmnelad, rom

igi dasneulda, eqimebisa da naTesavebisaTvis es SemaSfoTebeli yofila.
`1752 wlis dasawyisSi, Seupovari
romelTac `gakaTolikeba~ daswames kaTalikoss. sinamdvileSi ki antoni laTin

patrebTan daaaxlova somex propagandistTa winaaRmdeg gamocxadebulma brZolam. 421
Sromis Sedegad antonma daasrula Tavisi farTo Txzuleba `mzametyveleba~,

romelic warmoadgens seriozul, safuZvlian mecnierul uaryofas monofizi-
rogorc T. Jordania aRniSnavs, amas naTlad miuTiTebs qronologiac, antons

brali dasdes `gakaTolikebaSi~ da eWvis
safuZvlad aqcies misi daaxloeba
tur moZRvrebaTa sistemisa, gansakuTrebiT

somex monofizitTa moZRvrebis. Txzuleba adasturebs avtoris nakiTxobas,
gamWriax, cincxal gonebasa da farTo
patrebTan _ misionerebTan _ 1753 wlisaTvis. sinamdvileSi ki antons 1752 wels

dau sruleb ia Ta vis `m zamet yveleb a~,
xolo 1753 wels gamosca Tavis pirveli
erudicias. eklesiis moZRvars SeeZlo

am SromaSi epova mza sityva, anu mza
pasuxi monofizitebTan sityvisgebaSi~. 419
am Txzulebis gamoqveynebam saqarTvelos mdidari somxoba ganawyo antonis
gramatika _ àm ukanasknel or Txzulebazed marto TviTon ar umuSavnia

antons. mas Svelodnen somexTa moZRvari filipe yaiTmazaSvili da kaTolikebis misionerebi. isini uTargmnidnen somx-
winaaRmdeg, antonis winaaRmdeg TviT is

qarTveli marTlmadidebeli samRvdeloebac
ganewyo, romelTac SeSurdaT antonis
uri da laTinuri enebidan~. 422

aRsaniSnavia, rom ara mxolod antoni iyenebda kaTolike misionerebs anti-
mecnieruli siRrme, Tavdadeba da Sromismoyvareoba, am bolo moments antonic

aRniSnavs Tavis SromebSi. ruseTSi gadasaxlebuli antoni `Tvenis~ winasity-
kaTolikuri, marTlmadideblobis ganmamtkicebeli Txzulebebis SedgenisaTvis,

aramed misi win myofi kaTalikosebic,
magaliTad kaTalikosma besarionma (1724-
vaobaSi gadmogvcems: `mzametyvelebisa~
1739) Seadgina Tavisi antikaTolikuri
T. J ordania, das ax. naSr., gv. 80; 420 iqve, gv. 80, k. kekeliZe, IV, 1957, gv. 179;
n. mTvareliSvili, anton I, iqve , gv. 20; 423 T. Jordania, dasax. naSr., gv. 73.
419
421
iqve, gv. 81;
422
478
Txzuleba `grdemli~ kaTolike mision-
toni ruseTSi agrZelebda laTinuri
eris, kapucineli beris franCesko bolonielis daxmarebiT. àRsaniSnavia, rom
enidan wignebis Targmnas. ruseTSi igi,

al. xaxanaSvilis TqmiT, ìTvisebda laT-
es Txzuleba kaTolicizms ganaqiqebs~. 423

es iyo mecnieruli urTierToba. am urTierTobis Semdeg arc franCesko bolonieli gamxdara marTlmadidebeli da arc
kaTalikosi besarioni gamxdara kaTolike,
inur enas, romlis Seswavlas jer kidev

saqarTveloSi Seudga~. 426 saqarTveloSi,
swored gaZevebis win gamoqveynebul naSromSi `mzametyveleba~ akritikebda antoni laTinebs imiT, rom wignSi amxel-
piriqiT, maTi urTierToba swored marTlmadideblobis sasargeblod yofila
da maT, vinc wmida usisxlo msxverplis

Sewirvisas ar azavebda Rvinos wyliT. 427
gamoyenebuli.
rogorc ukve aRiniSna, patriarqis
saydarze asvlisTanave antoni Cveulebrivi
mas ar dascalda laTinuri enis kargad

Seswavla, amitom al. xaxanaSvilis cnobiT, `metafizikuri darigebani~ antonma
enTuziazmiT Seudga brZolas somxuri
ar a uS ua lo d la Ti nu ri da n,
propagandis winaaRmdeg.
am maRali miznis misaRwevad kaTalikoss upirveles
yovlisa TviTon unda Seeswavla sqolastikuri mwerloba. àmitom patriarqo-
rusulidan Targmna, radganac àntonma

ka rgad ar ic oda laT inu ri e na~ . 4 2 8
saqarTveloSic laTinuri enis ucodinarobis gamo `gramatikis~ Sedgenisas iZu-
bis pirvelive wlebSi antoni gaecno

kaTolike berebs da maTi moZRvrebis
Seswavlas Seudga, radgan laTinuri ena
sustad icoda Tavdapirvelad man somx-
lebuli gaxda daxmarebisaTvis miemarTa

laTini mecnierebisaTvis. 429
qarTuli eklesiis gasaWirma, saRvTismetyvelo wignebis naklebobam aiZula an-
ur wyaroebs mimarTa~. 424 T. Jordania wers:

àntonis daaxloeba kaTolike misionerebTan, rogorc davinaxeT, saswavlo da samecniero miznebiT iyo ganpirobebuli. samec-
toni emuSava laTin da somex mecnierebTan erTad, naklovaneba qarTuli sasuliero literaturisa, antonis azriT, ukuRmarTi droebiT iyo gamowveuli. `Tum-
niero mizani imaSi mdgomareobda, rogorc

p. ioseliani varaudobs, rom antoni
apirebda qarTul enaze daewera kaTolikobis ganmaqiqebeli wigni, radgan mas
ar akmayofilebda am Temaze qarTulad
ca Cven, qarTvelebs, ambobs is, ZvelTaganve gvqonda yovelive gadmoRebuli

`Tvinier daklebisa~, magram vinaidgan
`mravalni garyvnes da uxmar-iqmnnes pirad-piradiTa vnebaTa jer iyo gaswore-
arsebuli Txzulebani besarion kaTalikosisa da evkrati nikeelisa~. 425

antons marTlac samecniero mizniT
bad da ganmarTvad wmidisa eklesiisa

aRmosavalisa~. 430 ruseTSi moRvaweobisa
da rusuli literaturis gacnobis Sem-
da marTlmadideblobis gansamtkiceblad
rom esaWiroeboda daaxloeba kaTolike
misionerebTan da laTinuri enis Seswavla, es Cans iqidan, rom `gakaTolikebis~
deg antonma ara `dasavleTis eklesiis~,

aramed àRmosavleTis eklesiis~, kerZod, slavuri wignebis mixedviT gaaswora mravali sasuliero wigni, rogorc
mizeziT saqarTvelodan gaZevebuli an-
TviTon aRniSnavda. 431
424
T. Jordania, dasax . naSr. , gv. 7 4; 425 iqv e, gv. 7 5; 426 iqve , gv. 111;
123; 429 iqve , gv. 124; 430 iqve , gv. 128; 431 iqv e, gv. 24.
424
427
iqve , gv. 120;
428
a ra me d
iqve , gv.
g) antonis urTierToba urC samRvdeloebasTan
T. Jordania wers, rom antonis upirvelesi saqme misi mmarTvelobis pirvel wlebSi iyo eklesiaSi administraciuli wesrigis damyareba da im ukeTurobis aRmofxvra, rac winare epoqaSi
gaCeniliyo. saqarTvelos erTianobis
daSlam samefo-samTavroebad xeli Seuwyo saeklesio gankerZoebis niSnebis gaCenas. ukve XV s-is bolos alaverdel
episkoposs gamoumJRavnebia garkveuli
ganwyobileba, mas mcxeTisagan damoukideblad surda kaxeTis saepiskoposoebis
marTva. Tavisi gavlena gauvrcelebia
kidec maTze, kaxeli m efeebi v iwro
politikuri mosazrebiT xels uwyobdnen saeklesio separatizms. ukve XVIII
s-dan alaverdeli episkoposebi kaxeTis eklesiaTa TiTqmis damoukidebeli
mmarTvelebi iyvnen. 43 2
eklesiaSi Seqmnili es mankieri viTareba mouTmeneli iyo antonisaTvis,
antoni ar cnobda alaverdeli episkoposis ukanonod mitacebul uflebebs. ganawyenebuli alaverdelebic protests
acxadebdnen da TavianTi mdgomareobis
dasamowmeblad iSveliebdnen zogierT
sabuTs. sabolood, alaverdeli episkoposi, saqarTvelos sapatriarqoSi Tavisi mdgomareobiT TiTqmis meore ierarqi,
mtrad moekida antons, cdilobda antonis sakaTalikoso taxtidan Camogdebas.
marTlac, antonis ruseTSi gandevnis
Semdeg alaverdelebma aRidgines TavianTi uflebebi, ruseTidan antonis dabrunebis Semdeg ki alaverdel episkopos
zenons CamoarTves kaTedra da garejis
udabnoSi gadaasaxles. aqedan Cans, rom
T. Jordania, dasax . naSr. , gv. 63;
Jordania, dasax. naSr. , gv. 56.
432
433
479
antons mtrebi hyavda umaRles saeklesio ierarqiaSic, gansakuTrebiT kaxeTis

episkoposTa Soris, radganac isini ukve
alaverdeli episkoposis maTze gamgeblobas kanonierad miiCnevdnen.
gansakuTrebiT mravali mowinaaRmdege gaiCina antonma ara mxolod episkoposebSi, aramed samRvdeloTa Sorisac
mTel qarTl-kaxeTSi. saqme is iyo, rom
antoni Seecada Seryeuli saeklesio
wesrigis aRdgenas, miaRebina saeklesio
krebebs sagangebo dadgenilebebi samRvdeloTa mier saeklesio wesrigis dasacavad. iqamde TviTneba samRvdeloni axla
ukve SeizRudnen, Semdeg wlebSi antonma jarimebic ki daawesa, romelTa gadaxda im mRvdlebs ekisrebodaT, romelnic
saeklesio kanonebs daarRvevdnen. imdenad didi jarimebi ikribeboda samRvdeloebidan, rom saeklesio Semosavlis
erT-erT wyarodac ki iqca. amas mohyolia SezRudul samRvdeloTa mxridan
udidesi protesti, antons aseTi mRvdlebi
`sisxlis msmels~ uwodebdnen, romelsac TiTqosda samRvdeloebis TandaTanobiT mospoba surda. es mdgomareoba kargad Cans antonis moZule zaqaria gabaSvilis poemaSi `katis omi~. aq antoni
katadaa gamoyvanili. samRvdeloeba ki
Tagvad. kata (antoni) TiTqosda eubneba
Tagvebs (mRvdlebs) _ me movedio `Tqvenda msrvelad, sisxlisa msmelad, STagyare xvrelad da gmusrne nelad~. 433
z og i e rT m a s a m Rv d e lo m `s o r oS i
Cayrad~ miiCnia is, rom antonma àRwera
saeklesio qoneba da saimedod daicva
borot gamtacebelTagan, daadgina saeklesio samarTali, Camoayaliba axali
dawesebuleba _ `dikasteria~, 434 marTa-
n. mTvare liSvili, anton I kaT alikozi, iqve, gv. 22;
434
T.
480
lia, am RonisZiebaTagan umetesi nawili
agan dasacavad _ daadgina saeklesio
Catarda antonis ruseTidan dabrunebis

Semdeg, magram kaTalikosis saydarze as-
sasamarTlo rusuli wesis mixedviT:

`dikasteria~. 437 z. gabaSvilis zemonax-
vlisTanave, mowinaaRmdegeni grZnobdnen

antonis udides mizandasaxulobasa da
swrafvas eklesiaSi wesrigis damyarebisa, amitomac aTqmevinebda zaqaria gabaSvili antons: `lomi var Zvelad, abjarTm-
senebi `poemidan~ Cans, rom Tavdapirvelad samRvdeloeba, anu rogorc igi
cv elad , c ecxl Si dam wvel ad, gar na

mbnevelad~. saeklesio disciplinis aRdgena, centraluri saeklesio xelisuflebis ganmtkiceba zRudavda samRvdeloebas, gansakuTrebiT SeizRudnen is sasuliero pirebi, romlebic TavadTa mamulebSi moRvaweobdnen da Tavadebis centridanuli miswrafebebis gamo ver icavdnen eklesiisa da saxelmwifos interesebs. àucileblad unda aRiniSnos, rom
antonma moawesriga saeklesio mamulebis marTva. miwebi patriarqis xelSi moaqcia da eparqiaTa mRvdelmTavrebs da bermonazvnebs mkacrad SeuzRuda saeklesio Tu samonastro qonebiT TviTneburi,
ukontrolod sargeblobis ufleba, am
ga da wy vet il eb is ga mo u kma yo fi le ba
gamoTqva dekanozma zaqaria gabaSvilma
Tavis satirul TxzulebaSi (`katis omi~),
romelic gamoqveynda antonis saqarTvelodan gaZevebis Semdeg~. 435 zaqaria gabaSvilis `poemis~ ganxilvis Semdeg askvnian,
rom samRvdeloeba antons emduroda, radgan `man SezRuda eparqiaTa meTaurebisa
da monasterTa winamZRvrebis ufleba saeklesio qonebaze~. 436 al. xaxanaSvili wers:
`man Tavi mouyara mefeebis yvela sigels naboZebi mamulebis Sesaxeb da mefes
miarTva dasamtkiceblad. saeklesio avladidebis gamorkvevis Semdeg man miiRo
zomebi am qonebis borotad xelmyofelT-
uwodebs, `Tagvebi~ `bednierad da laRad cxovrobdnen TavianT soroebSi, mZimed SeiaraRebuli kata amayad SeiWreba
Tagvebis samefoSi da daiwyebs umowyalo Jletas. pirveli gamarjvebiT gaTamamebuli kata gadawyvets, sruliad amowyvitos Tagvebis saxsenebeli da maT
qonebas daepatronos. rogorc vnaxeT,
kaTalikosi cdilobda SeezRuda saeklesio pirTa TviTneboba, rasac isini
iCendnen saeklesio qonebis moxmarebaSi,
gam ouva l mdg omare obaS i Cav ardn ili
Tagvebi saSvelad virTxebs, ciyvebs da
kvernebs mouxmoben da sisxlismRvrel
brZolaSi gamarjvebas aRweven~. 438
Cans, samRvdeloebas (poemis mixedviT `Tagvebs~) pirvelad wamouwyia omi
antonis winaaRmdeg (maT ricxvSi T. Jordania gulisxmobs ber-monazvnebsac, `romlebic uangariSod iyenebdnen saeklesio
simdidres~, dasaxmareblad mouwveviaT
TavianTi jiSis sxva ufro didi warmomadgenlebi (`ciyvebi, kvernebi~), albaT,
igulisxmeba antonis mowinaaRmdege arqimandritebi, episkoposebi da mitropolitebi. erTiani ZaliT dausaxiCrebiaT
kata, ucemiaT, tyved SeupyriaT, sadac
lanZRaven da dascinian, isev zogierTi
Tagvis, e.w. `plaSiani Tagvis~ daxmarebiT gakreWili kata Tagvebs gaeqceva
ruseTSi. `plaSiani Tagvi~ ganaTlebul
samRvdeloebas unda niSnavdes.
rogorc cnobilia, samRvdeloebis krebam antoni kaTolikuri aRmsareblobis
T. Jordania, dasax . naSr. , gv. 68; 436 iqv e, gv. 9 1; 437 al. xaxanaSvili, `kaTalikos ant on pirv elis
cxov reba da moRvaweoba~, iqve, gv. 10 8; 438 T. Jordania, dasax. naSr., gv. 90.
435
miRebaSi daadanaSaula. magram erTi werilidan Cans, rom ganawyenebuli samRvdeloeba mzad iyo sxva mravali episkoposi da mefe ereklec ki kaTolikeebad
moexseniebina antonisadmi TanagrZnobis
gamo. cxadia, arc episkoposebi da arc
mefe kaTolikeni ar iyvnen. antonis taxtidan Camogdebis Semdeg Cans, taxtze
asasvlelad emzadeboda alaverdeli, anda
kaxeTSi misi gavlenis sferoSi Semavali romelime mRvde lmTavari. magram
sakaTalikoso taxtze avida mroveli
episkoposi ioseb jandieri. aman gaanawyena alaverdeli da misi momxreebi,
romelTac maSinve ukve axali kaTalikosis dasustebis mizniT cilismwamebloba
wamouwyiaT. ioseb jandiersac maSinve
`frangebad~, e.i. kaTolikeebad gamoucxadebia ramdenime episkoposi, maT Soris
gulisxmobdnen alaverdels, ninowmidels,
bodbels (iqamde isini antonis dasamxobad iRvwodnen, damxobis Semdeg ki axali kaTalikosisaTvis mxari aRar dauWeriaT). axal kaTalikos iosebs ubrZanebia maT Sesaxeb: àrca vwirav episkoposTa da arca vendobi frangTao~, saqme
imdenad gamwvavebula, rom mefec Careula. mefes iosebis braldeba usamarTlod miuCnevia. saubris Semdeg mefe kaTalikoss ganawyenebuli daSorebia. 439
aqedan Cans, rom `kaTolikes~ im droisaTvis avadsaxsenebel `wodebas~ aniWebdnen politikur mowinaaRmdegeebs (yovlad dausabuTeblad). am mosazrebas adasturebs isic, rom TviT ruseTis uwmidesi sinodis `StatSi~ Caricxul,
481
vladimiris arqiepiskopos antons saqarTveloSi zemomoyvanil wreebSi kvlav

`kaTolikes~ uwodeben da ruseTis samRvdelmTavro kaTedraze daweril mis Txzulebebs wvaven, viTarca `kaTolikurs~,
aseTebad miuCneviaT misi àpoloRia~ (da
`miwyale~). ruseTSi kaTolikuri aRmsareblobis mimarT Seuwynarebeli garemo sufevda, amitomac sruliad ueWvelia, ruseTis samRvdelmTavro kaTedraze
kaTolikobisadmi midrekil pirs aravin
aiyvanda. saqme is iyo, rom ruseTSi SedarebiT obieqturobiT iZiebdnen saeklesio saqmeebs, imdroindel saqarTveloSi
ki mikerZoebiT. zaqaria gabaSvili saqarTvelos mefis winaSe brals debda antons, rom man vladimiris kaTedraze
yofnisas SeTxza `miwyales~ Targmaneba~
(e.i. ganmarteba), romelic TiTqosda
`Tavidan bolomdi wvalebis RvarZliT
aris savse~. 440 vinc ruseTis saeklesio
cxovrebas icnobs, ver daijerebs, rom
ruseTis eklesiis mRvdelmTavarma kaTolikuri `wvalebiT savse~ Txzuleba Seqmna. saqarTvelos `sasuliero cenzuram
masSi dainaxa marTlmadideblobis winaa Rm de g i a dg il e bi d a a mi s m i ze zi T
aRukrZala misi ganvrceleba xalxSi~. 441
es momxdara Teimuraz II-is dros 1760
wlamde, amitomac werda ruseTis eklesiis arqiepiskoposad yofnis dros
gulnatkeni antoni saqarTvelos samRvdeloTa Sesaxeb: àRracxil var meca ZmaTa CemTa Tana aqaur samRvdeloTa yovelsa Sina saqmesa da ara aRracxil var
mandiTgan mosrulTa aqa, CvenTa episkoposTa Tana~. 442
m. guguSv ili, l. Zowen iZe, an ton pirvelis cxovre bisa da moRvaweobis zogier Ti sakiTxi, iqve,
gv. 132; 440 n. mTvarel iSvili, anton I, saq arTvelo s kaTalikosi, dasax. naSr. , gv. 24; 441 iqve , gv.
28; 442 iqv e, gv. 153.
439
482
1755-1756 wlis krebaTa Sedegebi
amgvarma qmedebebma Seuwyo xeli. es iyo
1755-1756 wlebSi mowveuli saekle-
ara imdenad anton I-is brali, ramdenadac cilismwameblebisa, romelTac Ta-
sio krebebi miznad isaxavda mwvaleblobaSi dadanaSaulebuli anton I-isaTvis

s a k aT a l i k o s o t a x t i s C a m o r T m ev a s .
ruseTidan dabrunebuli antoni kvlav
avida sakaTalikoso taxtze, miuxedavad
vianTi ugunuri qmedebiT sinamdvileSi

danaSauli Caidines qarTuli eklesiis
mimarT, radganac antons, romelic Rirse ul ad u ZR ve bo da m ar Tl ma di de be l
qarTul eklesias, figuralurad rom vTq-
kreb ebis aR kveTa-wy evisa. maSasad ame,

krebebma Tavis mizans ver miaRwies. am
vaT, imdeni uyiJines `memarcxeneoba~ _

kaTolikoba, rom gadaixara marjvniv da
krebebis gadawyvetilebebma ki Secvales

s aq a rT v el o s s am o ci q ul o e k le s ii s
Semdgomi bedi. imdeni uyiJines antons
ruseTis sinodi miuSva qarTuli eklesiis

marTvis saWesTan.
marTlmadideblobis uaryofis Sesaxeb,

rom man gadawyvita savsebiT daaxloeboda ruseTis marTlmadideblur eklesias. ai, ras wers Tedo Jordania antonis Sesaxeb: `man moamzada niadagi qarTu-
ambrosi nekreselis krebulSi ( H1334, furc. 201 r-v) daculia sami
li da rusuli eklesiebis SeerTebisaTvis

da 1783 wlis traqtatiT ganaxorciela
Tavisi mizani _ qarTuli eklesia daumorCila ruseTis eklesias~. 443 1783 wels
dokumenti: 1. saeklesio krebis gadawyvetileba antonis damxobis Sesaxeb;

2. Teimuraz II-isa da erekle II-is, wardgineba antonis kaTalikosobidan gaday-
anton I dainiSna ruseTis uwmidesi sinodis wevrad. avtokefaliuri eklesiis

meTauri ar SeiZleba iyos sxva eklesiis
sinodis wevri da es aqti iyo SezRudva
enebis Sesaxeb da 3. TviT antonis `monanieba~. pirveli ori 1755 wlis 16 dekembriTaa daTariRebuli, mesame ki cota
mogvianebiT Seiqmna. samive es dokumen-
qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliisa. XIX

s-Si ruseTis mier qarTuli eklesiis
avtokefaliis Cum da upasuxo gauqmebas
ti, rogorc winaswari monacemebi, aisaxa

Semdgom 1756 wlis 4 aprilis saeklesio krebis `ganCinebaSi~.
443
1755-1756 wlebis krebaTa aqtebi
T. Jordan ia, ant on I, saRvTismetyve lo kre buli, # 1, 199 1, gv. 56.
483
1755-56 wlis krebebis ganCinebani antonsa zeda
1. qristes aqeT CRne (1755)

dekenbers iv (16)
q. Cven cxebulman mefeman saqarTveloQsaman Teimuraz da Zeman Cvenman mefeman
kaxeTisaman iraklim ese aRTqma da piri davamtkiceT da ucvalebelad davdeviT
krebasa Sina. vpoeT antoni kaTalikozi romaelTa sarwmunoebaTa aRmsarebelad da
CvenTa sarwmunoebaTa Seuracx mqmnelad, amas zeda SevikribeniT sabrZanebelTa Sina
CvenTa qarTlisa da kaxeTisa mitropolitni da episkoposni. arqimandritni da
winamZRvarni, agre orTave samefoTa mTavarni da darbazis erni. miuvlineT mociqulni, vkiTxeT da vamxileT misi boroti cTomilebaQ. xolo man saanjmnoda
aRiara Cvenisa sarwmunoebisagan midreka da laTinTa sarwmunoebisa aRsareba daamtkica.
ese aw Sekrebulman wmidaman krebaman ugulebel hyo da antoni kaTalikozi samociquloQsa saydarsa da kaTolike eklesiisagan jerovnad aRvfxvarT da kaTalikozobisagan ganvayeneT. aw ese piri davamtkiceT, ukeTu sameoxoTa sityvaTa romelmanme Cven mefem Teimuraz, anu Zeman Cvenman mefem iraklim da yovelTa saqarTveloTagan
anu mTavarman qenebiTa anu romliTame mizeziTa ese aRTqmuli SevcvaloT da
kualad misi kaTalikozad dadginebaQ movindomoT, risxvasamca SevcvlviT wmidasa
da erT arsisa samebisasa da yovelTa mgmobarTa Tana daiwesebis cxovrebaQ Cveni da
wmidaTa didTa msoflioTa krebaTagan Hvebulad SeCvenebiTamc aRviHocebiT.
2. qristes aqeT CRne (1755)
dekenbers iv (16)
cxad iqmna saqarTvelosa Sina antoni kaTalikozisa qarTvelTa sarwmunoebaTagan gandgoma da laTinTa sarwmunoebisad midreka. amas zeda didad aRZrnes mefeni
da srulni saqarTveloQsa samRvdelo da saeroni erni. amasve Jamsa mefeman saqarTveloQsaman, RmrTiv cxebulman Teimuraz da Zeman misman mefeman kaxeTisaman iraklim,
Sekribnes orTave samefoTa mitropolitni, episkoposni, arqimandritni da winamZRvarni. agreTve mTavarni da darbazis erni. mociqulni miuvlines kaTalikozsa da
SeWmariti sarwmunoeba hkiTxes. xolo man mtkiced aRiara qarTvelTa sarwmuneobisagan gasvla da laTinTa mimarT midreka. masve Jamsa warmoadginna Tavisni
aRzrdilni xuTni vinme samRvdeloni da maT ufrosad Hma amaRlebiT aRiares
aRmosavleTTa eklesiisagan ganyeneba da laTinTa sarwmunoebisa Sewynareba. ra
mefeTa ese daimtkices, romel SescTes, ese antoni masve Jamsa kaTalikozobisagan
ganayenes da wirvisaganmca gankveTes. agreTve TanaaRmsarebelni misni miiyvanes
winaSe mefeTa da krebisa. dasajes, Tmani da wverni aRkveces. Semdgomad dReTa
484
raodenTame kualad cnobad movida, sinanulad iwyo da agreTve qarTvelTa sarwmunoebis aRsarebaQ, fici da aRTqmaQ daudva. maSin srulad warmoTqva, romel
aTvrameti Tve, daeyo maTsa wvalebasa Sina aRsarebiTa da ziarebiTa, radgan
moiqca da egreTve sinanulad movida, moZRvari uCvenes da sinanulad ganakanones:
radgan aTvrameti Tve hqonda wvalebasa Sina sxvasa sinanulisa gareT, aTvrametive
Tve wirvisagan daayenes. mermeRa Semdgomac aTvrametisa Tvis Seiwynares da wirva
misces da ese aRTqmaQ, fici da SeCvenebaQ wigniT daamtkices, romel ars romelTame
mizeziTa da sinanuliT amisi kaTalikozoba aRar iqnas. garna esreT Seiwynares,
romel Tu undes aqave dadges, Tu ara romelsame marTlmadidebelTa samTavroQsa
Sina movides. Semdgomad ama ricxulTa aRsarebisa wirvisagan nuRaravin daayeneben,
Seiwynaron da Jami awirvinon: radgan kaTalikozobisa micema wignTa da SeCvenebiT
daamtkices, oris sasjeliT aRar dasajes, amisTvis wirvaQ misca krebaman.
3. q. ese mtkices Seuryeveli da Seucvalebeli wigni didis ficiTa da aRTqmis
dadebiT mogarTvi me yovlad uRirsman antoni Tqven RmrTiv cxebulsa qarTvelTa
mefesa Teimurazs da kaxTa mefes iraklis da orTave samefoTa wmidaTa mitropolitTa da didebulTa mTavarTa. ama pirsa zeda, [ama]codvaTa CemTa simravleTa
ugunurebiT Secdomil viqmen da laTinTa borotad madideblobaQ piriTa CemiTa
y[ovlad] cxadad aRviare. amis ZaliT Tqvenis mwyemsobisa da kaTalikozobisagan
samarTlad gardamayeneT, WeSmaritis brW... xolo ukanasknel cnobad ra movel da
vcan WeSmariti sarwmunoeba, viwye tirilad, godebad da sinanulad da amasTan
u[ar] vyav borotad madidebelTa laTinTa da aRviare WeSmariti marTlmadidebloba aRmosavleTisa. amas zeda... iqmneniT Cem zeda da raodenni Tveni da Jamni
dameyvnes laTinTa mwvalebelTa Tana, egoden Jamni ganmiweseT cTomaTa CemTa
Senanebad. da aTvrametisa Tvisa ricxvisa Semdgomad Rvdelmoqmedebis Helyofa
mibrZaneT ZmebriTa TanalmobiTa.
awiTgan meca ama Helwerilsa davsdeb winaSe keTilmsaxurTa mefeTa da winaSe
wmidisa krebisa: SemcaCvenebel viyo da Sekrul mamisa da Zisa da yovlad wmidisa
sulisagan da wmidaTa SvidTa msoflioTa krebaTagan, Tumca kidev me laTinTa
sarwmunoebisa mimarT miveqce, anu farulad gulsa Sina vipyra da zakviT saxesa
viCemebde, anu papa hromisa yovlisa soflisa mwyemsad da ufrosad mwamdes, anu
suli wmida mamisa da Zisagan aRviRo da ara mxolod mamisagan gamomavali, gina
sulTa codvilTa cecxliTa [ganwmeda] mrwamdes, anu Semdgoma d mRvdlobisa
SurisgebisaTvis mefe anu episkoposi, anu mRvdeli vswyeo saqarTveloQsa Sina,
krulmca viyo aTormetTa mociqulTa madlisagan da nawili Cemi damcadebul
ars orgulTa Tana.
485
1756 wlis 4 aprilis saeklesio krebam daadgina:
ganCineba kaTalikozs antonis zeda - damxobad, gandevnad

da wirvisagan dayenebad da kualad Sendoba da miteveba da ruseTs gagzavna misi.
welsa ganxorcielebidan sityvisa RvTisa 1755 w. Tvesa dekenbersa 16. Cven
mefeman qarTvelTaman Teimuraz da Zeman Cuenman mefeman kaxTaman ereklem da orTave
amis samefoQsa episkoposTa mogivlineniT arximandriti orni Sen _ antonis kaTalikozsa Cvensa, gamokiTxvad, Tu romlisa sarwmunoebisa xar. amisaTvis, romel
gvesmoda da WeSmaritca iyo laTinTa sarwmunoebisa mimarT midreka Seni da iRvwidica Sewonebad maTda idumal erisa. maSin movlinebulTa Cuen mier arximandritTa arRara daufare da saanjnod aRiare wvalebaQ laTinTa da sauwyebod Cvenda
gamoucxade; da viTarca ese vscaniT, myis dagamxeviT saydrisagan Senisa da SenTana
erTxmani samRvdeloni davsajeniT da eriskacni uziarebel hyveniT.
xolo Semdgomad raodenTame dReTa moege gonebasa cnobad WeSmaritebisa sarwmunoebisa
da iwye godeba da tirili da Sevrdoma da Txovad Sendobisa da uar hyav boroti
cTomileba Seni da ganhHme sidrkue da sarwmunoeba laTinTa, romelica Segewynara da
aRTqmiTa da ficiTa da SeCvenebiTa dagvakeren arRara midrekad gmobaTa mimarT laTinTa.
amas zeda viTar Svenoda pirvelsa maxlobelsa da Cven mier siyvarulsa Sensa,
friad sayvareli Cvenda iqmnen, garna saydarsave aRsvla Seni cxovrebisa Sina Sensa
arRara iqmneboda, orTave mefeTa krebisa ficiT esreT dagvemtkica.
xolo gangiweseT kanonad dacadeba, Sewirvisagan usisxloQsa msxverplsa TveTa aTvrametTa da memreRa Sewirvad saRmrTo liturRiisa. eseodeni Tveni dageyvnes gandrekilebasa
Sina laTinTa mimarTsa da kualad Semdgomad TveTa samTa gancxadna friadi sinanuli Seni
da yovliTurT ucxo yofa wvalebisagan papis mosavTa laTinTasa da sruliad aRmosavleTis ekklesiis sarwmunoeba ipoveboda SenTana, Tvinier yovlisa iWvisa.
da friad wadier iqmen yovliTurT keTilmsaxursa da yovliTurT marTlmadidebelsa
imperiasa ruseTisasa warsvlad, romelica umetes gulsavse gDyofda marTlmadideblobasa Sensa. amas zeda yovelTave erTobiT mefeTa da krebaman SevamokleT kanonni,
romelnicaa gangvewesnes, raTa Rirs iqmne usisxloQsa msxverplsa Sewirvad. yovlad
wmidasa sauflosa dResa aRvsebisasa, romelsa dResa aRsdga ufali Cveni ieso qriste,
da esreT pativiTa mRvdelmTavrobisaTa wargzavnes da Rirs ars Sewynareba Seni
mRvdelmTavrad marTlmadideblad da sadaca mixvide dauyovnebelad xelyofad saRmrTosa liturRiisa yovlisa samRvdelmTavroQsa moqmedebisa, viTarca mRvdelmTavari.
aqave aRgisrulebies saRmrTo Jamis wirva, samTavrosa Cvenisa da mSvidobiT warxvel.
xolo samRvdeloni kacni, romelnica SenTana erTxma iyvnes laTinTa cTomasa
zeda, maTca ganmarTnes midrekilebani Tvisni da SenTanve aRiares marTlmadidebloba da maTca SeundeviT mRvdelobad da msaxurebad saRmrTosa saidumlosa dResa
sauflosa aRdgomisasa.
aRniSnul krebas zogierTi Zveli avtori `goris krebas~ uwodebs.444
444
g. qavTar ia, XVIII sauk unis q arTuli sazogadoebriv i azris istor iidan, gv. 15-17.
486
Tbilisis IV kreba (2-8 oqtomberi 1764)

(zaqaria gabaSvilis gankveTa)
erekle mefes miaCnda, rom antoni
saqarTvelos sakaTalikoso taxtidan
saqarTveloSi da kvlav asuliyo sakaTalikoso taxtze. cxadia, erekle mefesTan
politikuri motiviT Camoagdo mamamisma, amitomac mudamJams eloda xelsayrel

moments antonis ruseTidan ukan dasabruneblad, amasTanave, rogorc didebuli saeklesio istorikosi polievktos
karbelaSvili wers: àmis gamo erekle
mefes mamasTan didi usiamovneba hqonda
da niadag ayvedrida antonis gaZevebasa~. 445
erTad wmida eklesiis ierarqiam kargad

icoda, rom antoni dasjili iyo Teimuraz mefis mier politikuri mizezebis
gamo. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, erekles
cxadia gauWirdeboda `mwvaleblobaSi~
dadanaSaulebuli piris sakaTalikoso
taxtze ayvana. WeSmariteba da simarTle yvelam icoda, yvela ierarqma da
TviTon Teimurazsac, istorikosis sityviT, ugrZvnia Tavisi Secdoma antonis

gaZevebis gamo da 1760 wels ruseTSi
misi gamgzavrebis erT-erTi mizezi antonis saqmis mogvarebac yofila, magram
samRvdelom, erTi kacis garda _ es iyo

zaqaria gabaSvili, romelic didad ewinaaRmdegeboda am saqmes. Tuki mRvdlis
xarisxSi myofma, Raribma da sakmaod
dabali warmoSobis kacma aseTi didi
rogorc cnobilia, Teimuraz II ruseTSi

gardaicvala. didad sayuradReboa is
garemoeba, rom mamis sikvdilis ambis
winaaRmdegobis gaweva SeZlo mefisa da

patriarqis mimarT , cxadia, mRvdelmTavrebs gacilebiT didi winaaRmdego-
gagebisTanave erekle mefem da samefo

saxlis gavlenianma wrem `maSinve kaci
afrines antonTan da daibares~. es imas
niSnavs, rom ereklem kategoriulad
bis gaweva da saqmis CaSlac SeeZloT,

magram yvela dadumda, radganac, rogorc
vTqviT, yvelam icoda simarTle _ antoni ciliswamebis gamo daisaja. amito-
mosTxova antons ukanve dabrunebuliyo
mac, saqarTvelos eklesiam xelsayreli
445
p. karbel aSvili ierarqia saqarTvelos eklesiisa, k aTaliko sni da mRvdel mTavarn i, 1900 , gv. 165.
mo men ti s d adg omi sT ana ve
487
gad aw yvi ta
adre ciliswamebad miiCnia antonis ka-
moewvia kreba, romelic dasjida wina

kreba ze gamar jvebul c ilismwam ebel
Tolikur sarwmunoebaze midreka, aRiara misi sruli marTlmadidebloba da
mRvdel zaqaria gabaSvils. misi dasjiT

sabolood gauqmda wina 1755-56 wlis
krebaTa mier antonis mimarT miRebuli
gadawyvetilebebi, 1764 wlis krebam wina
krebaTa mimarTeba Zaladakargulad cno.
daniSna vladimiris eparqiis mmarTvel

arqiepiskoposad. roca Teimurazis gardacvalebis Semdeg antoni daeTxova uwmides sinods ruseTisas da wamovida
saqarTveloSi sinodma samgzavrod misca
aRiara Secdoma daSvebuli antonis mimarT da ufro meti, sastikad dasaja
1500 maneTi. antoni saqarTveloSi mosula 1764 wlis damdegs. saqarTvelos
isini, romelTac SecdomaSi Seiyvanes wina

1755 wlis kreba. rogorc aRiniSna, 2-18
oqtombers 1764 wlisa Sedga saqarTve-
wmida eklesias antoni umtkivneulod

auyvania sakaTalikoso taxtze. am taxtis droebiT mpyrobeli iosebi ki xar-
los eklesiis kreba, romelsac daeswrnen:
WaSneli episkoposis kaTedraze gadaiy-
mefe erekle, anton kaTalikosi, mTavarepiskoposi kirile, besarion episkoposi,

tfileli qristefore, mroveli germane,
saba ninowmideli, mangleli nikolozi,
vana. krebam antonis `miwyale~ marTlmadideblur Txzulebad gamoacxada.

p. karbelaSvils Tavis wignSi mohyavs 1764 wlis krebis ganCineba: àn-
ioseb rusTaveli (im dromde kaTalikosi). kreba gacilebiT ufro warmomadgenlobiTi iyo, vidre 1755 wlis kreba,
romelsac albaT ufro Sekreba unda vu-
ton I 1764 wlis damdegs saqarTveloSi

movida. am dros erekle mefe kaxeTSi
i y o , ma S i n v e C a mo v i d n e n T b il i s S i .
moaxdines kreba 1764 w. 2-18 oqtomb-
wodoT, vidre kreba. krebam ganixila

anton kaTalikosis mimarT ciliswamebis
sakiTxi, gamoikvlia cilismwameblis vinaoba, moismina misi braldeba, romlis
ers, krebazed daeswrnen: mefe erekle, anton kaTalikozi, mTavarepiskopo si ki ri le, b esa ri on ep is kop oz i,
tfileli qristefore, mroveli ger-
ganxilvis Semdegac saeklesio sasjeli

daado cilismwamebels. krebisaTvis naTeli iyo, rom antons kaTolikobaSi brals
debda mRvdeli zaqaria gabaSvili da
masTan daaxloebuli piri, misi Svili
mane, saba ninowmideli, mangleli nikoloz, ioseb rusTaveli (am dromde

kaTalikozi), antonis mosvlis Semdeg
iosebs misces xarWaSneloba, da vinc
an to ns das wa ma ci li da `m iwy al es
diakoni iosebi _ oriveni `gankanondnen~, CamoerTvaT sasuliero wodeba.

krebas zurgs umagrebda isic, rom
Targmani~ uarhyves, yvelani ganhkanones.

zaqaria mRvdeli gabaSvili ganhkveTes
mRvdelobidan: `weliwad naxevars aR-
ruseTis eklesiis wmida sinodma ufro
sareba aravin aTqmevinoso~. 44 6
446
p. karbel aSvili, ierar qia saqarTve los ek lesiisa, 1900 , gv. 166.
488
1764 wlis krebis ganCineba zaqariaze
[sruli teqsti]
ganCineba da msjavri samociquloQ zemosa saqarTveloQsa mamad mTavrisa antonis mier da episkoposTa, samefosa qalaqsa tfiliss. palatsa sakaTalikozosa
SekrebulTagan zaqariasTvis xucisa da vieTTame mimdgomTa misTa, cxadad damrTgunvelTa sjulTa saRvToTa da mamaTa kanonisaTa.
macxovari Cveni da ufali metyveli gvaswavebs kualad ukeTu krebulisa ara
isminos iyven igi Senda viTarca mezvere da warmarTi.
gamoCnda ukve Cvensa eparxiasa Sina kaci gamryvneli qristes savenaxisa zaqaria
ukve xucesi amaRlebuli mecnierebasa zeda RvTisasa _ goneba igi asuristanel
RmerT ocnebuli Tavisagan Tvisa, romeli nebsiT huriaebriTa SuriTa tyveqmnuli . siZulviliTa moyvasTaTa, sruliad damviwyebeli sjulTa siyvarulisaTa,
romeli moeca mowafeTa qristesTa da mTavrobiTaca romeli weril ars mTavrisaTvis erisa Senissa ara ityode Zvirsa . aRdga ciliswamebad keTil msaxursa zeda
mefesa Cvensa da mamadmTavarsa zeda Cvensa, da yovlad samRvdeloTa mRudelT
mTavarTa da yovelsa zeda savsebasa eklesiisasa, da mTavarTa zeda da, udidesi
vTqva, eklesiasa zeda saqarTveloQsa, viTarca mwvalebelTa zeda, da sjulsa,
cxadad damTrgunveli nebsiT, ara moxune, iqmna. ara cili swamo moyvassa Sensa
wamebiTa cru Q TaTa da daiviwya kualad Tqmuli igi eklesiastesa Sina (ciliswamebulTaTvis) vixile yoveli cili wameba qmnili mzesa qveSe, da aha cremli
cilisa cilis wamebisani da ara ars nugeSinis mcemeli maTi . vinaca simaRleman
misman mefeman Cvenman da wmidaman krebulman Seundo da mraval gzis miuSva igi
aRdgomad da hyo dagebaQ misTana ese viTari, viTarmed romelTaca marTlmadideblobiTa zeda werilTa wvalebad aRmoCenda ukeTuri igi (zemoxsenebuli zaqaria),
werili ese keTil msaxurman mefeman da wmidaman krebulman aRiRo Soris da daiduma
misTvis sityvis gebaQ ara Tu amisaTvis, viTarmed wvalebisa raQme wadiereba
iyomca werilTa maT Sina, romelnica yovliTurT aRmosavlisa eklesiisa Seudgebodes doRmatTaca Sina da saqmeTa, aramed siyvarulisaTvis, raTa wina aRmdgomni
igi CvenTana aso iyvnen windisa eklesiisa, _ yovelive simaRleman misman mefeman
Cvenman da krebulman yves enkeniebri sixaruli eklesiisa ganxeTqilebisa SeerTebisaTvis da mouwodeT CvenTana mRvdelmoqmedebad ukeTursa zaqarias saRmrToTa zeda
liturgiisa, romelsaca, da eziara zaqaria xeliTa mamaT mTvarisaTa saRmrTosa
saidumlosa patiosnisa sisxliTa misiTa: mucladeRo salmoba igi mware ese igi
489
ganxeTqaQ kvlavad eklesiisa qristesisa, Sekrebulisa WeSmaritad ganmaorebelman

man saqmeTa iudasTaman, mowafeman mzakvaman da mociqulman warwymedilman, zakviT
ziarebiTare uxrwnelisa saidumlosaTa, viTar igi monaman misman iuda Wur eSmakisa-hyo Tavi Tvisi, rameTu Sevida misa eSmaki da, gansrulman krebulisagan
samociquloQsa wmidisa ekklesiisa, mwvalebel uwoda mamad mTavarsa antons da ara
moixsenebda eSmakeuli igi viTarmed mRudelmTavarTa TvisTaTvis borotis mzraxvelTa
marTl msajul ars RmerTi. viTar igi odesme aronisa zeda aRdgomilTa mimarT saja
ganpeba qveynisa da cocxliv danTqmaQ jojoxeTsa Sina da cecxlis aRrtexileba.
a) vinaca mamad mTavari Cveni antoni mravalgzis qadagebasa Sina ambionsa zeda
winaSe mefisa da winaSe Cvensa, da winaSe yovlisa erisa aRiarebdis aRmosavleTisa
ekklesiisasa aRsarebasa, da laTinTa sarwmunoebisa aRmsarebelTa saSiniliTare
SeaCvenebdis sityvebiTa; b) garna eSmakeulman man da ar Semwynarebelman mRudelT
mTavrobisa misiman, raQveca muclad eRo, Sva _ usjuloeba igi siZulvilisa
moyvasTa da ZmaTa TvisTa _ ganipara samefoQT saqarTvelosaTa sxvad samefod ese
gvariTare siveragiTa, viTarmed ityoda urcxvinod reca mefisagan gantevebisa
Tvissa. g) warvida sxvad samefod amisaTvis, raTa eklesia saqarTveloQsa keTil
msaxuriT mefiTurT mwvaleblad, ese igi Semwynarebelad laTinT sarwmunoebisa, da
arawmidisa papisa, romelTaca gamoaCinos da saRrmToTa patriarqTagan saberZneTisaTa SeCveneba moatyvas ekklesiasa zeda saqarTveloQsasa, ver gulis xmis myofelman, viTarmed muneburni mefeca da mRvdelmTavarni Tvinier WeSmaritisa cnobisa ara ewamebian; d) odes, SevkribT ra palatad sakaTalikozod da miuvlineT mas
mociqulni orni xucesni,_ porfiri xuces monazoni da giorgi proTopopi
tfilisis sakaTalikozoQsa eklesiisa _ SevsTvaleniT sityvani ese gvarni, raTa
moviyvaneTca sinanulad, magra Wuri igi eSmakisa uqvemoes eSmakTa daadginebda Tavsa
Tvissa da, mwvaleblad mwodebeli Cveni _ wina aRmdgomTa mogvigebda; e) meremeRa
moviyvaneT krebad pyrobilni da zvaobiT da daumdableblad mogvigebda. vinaca
moiRo omfori, Semmosvelman petraxeliTurT da samklaviT mamamTavarman Cvenman
antoni, moidrikna muxlni da ityoda maRliTare xmiTa: sulo yovlad wmidao da
cxovels myofelo TviTebao, mxoloQsagan mamisa gamosrulo, mxoloo romelica
sions cecxlisa enebisa saxed gardamoxed mociqulTa zeda! ukeTu me winaaRmdgomsa
rasame aRmosavleTisa ekklesiisa, anu Targmanebasa Sina meergasisa fsalmunebisasa,
ese igi miwyalesa anu apoloRiasa Sina Cemsa laTinTa sarwmunoebisa raQme _ anu
gonebiT, anu mogonebiT, anu hazriT, anu sityviT warmoCeniliT damedvasca, anu
dameweros, _ myav me wyeul, krul SeCvenebul suliT da xorciT da saflaviT ama
sofelsa da meremesa mas; da ukeTu cilis wamebiT mabralebdes me zaqaria xucesi _
hyav ese wyeul, krul, SeCvenebul suliT da xorciT da saflaviT ama sofelsa da
490
meremesaca mas. xolo Cven yovelTa mun mdgomTa mitropolitTa da episkopozTa,

ZrwoliT msmenelTa, vrquT erTobiT amin. 3) garna eSmakeulman man warmosTxia
kvlavd simyraleQ Tvisi metyvelelman _ SemiCvenebies TargmanebacaQ miwyalesi,
da yovelni Semwynarebelni misni.
amisaTvis Cven SekrebulT yovlad samRvdeloTa mTavarTa vsajeT usjuloT
gamoyvanebad da SeCvenebad yovlad ukeTuri xucesi igi _ zaqaria daRaTuara mwvalebeli, aramed viTarca garadamavali mamaTa kanonisa zemo werilTa maT ricxvT
ganyofil bralTa misTaTvis. pirvelisaTvis bralisa, ese igi ar SewynarebisaTvis
umsjavrod Tvisisa mRvdelmTavrisa vyofT gankveTasa missa mRvdelobisagan l`v
kanonTamebr wmidaTaTa mociqulTa miT, ro kanoniTa miT wmidaTa mociqulTaTa
ocdameTeqvsmetiTa ara Tu xolod ar Semwynarebelni mRvdelmTavarTani ganikveTebian mRvdelobisagan, aramed iginica, romelni ara mwrTvel arian mRudelmTavrisa
mimarT daumorCilebelisa erisa damorCilebad; kvalad amisTvisve bralisa ganvkveTT mas mRvdelobisagan nu kanoniTa wmidaTave mociqulTaTa, miT romel
udidesi gineba ara raQme ars, viTar mwvalebelad wodebaQ;
meorisaTvis bralisa misisa gankveTT mas mRvdelobisagan kanoniTa wmidaTa
mociqulTaTa ie kanoniTa, da krebisa antioqisaTa g da ia, romlisaTvis ganvaqiqebTaca da sruliad ganvxdiT da pativsa miuRebT da laodikiisa ma-mg da
xalkidonisa ig da konstantinopolisa g krebisa iz da meored nikis i kanoniTa; da
mesamisaTvis muxlisa da meeqvsisa SevaCvenebT, da uqvemoes eSmakisa davadginebT,
viTarca mwvalebelsa saxlisa RvTisa, ese igi saqarTveloQsa wmidisa eklesiisa da
mas Sina qmnilisa wmidisa krebisa advilad Seuracxismyofelobisasa, kanoniTa v da
v wmidisa krebisa RangrisaTa;
mwvalebelad wodebisaTvis keTilmsaxurisa mefisa Cvenisa, miuRebT Sesaxebsa
pativsa mRvdelobisasa, viTarca ars Cveuloba wmidisa da didisa eklesiisa ruseTis maginebelTa zeda mefisaTa; amasaTana miuRebT saxelsaca, romeli ewodeboda
mRvdelobasa Sina, miT romel ara naTlisRebasa Sina wodebuliyo saxeli igi mis
zeda, aramed mRvdelobasa Sina da romliTa saxeliTa iwodeboda eris kacobasa
Sina, vbrZanebT raTa igive saxeli edebodes amieridgan.
meoTxisaTvis bralisa vyofT, viTarca mezveresa da warmarTsa sityvisaebr uflisa
Cvenisa ieso qristesa (maT. 18,17) da vswrTviT mas Zrielad, viTarca urCsa da
winaaRdgomsa krebisasa; xolo yovelTa bralTa misTa zemo werilTa _ umorCilebaTa da aRmaSfoTebelTa da ganxeTqaTa eklesiisaTa, mis ZliT sxva da sxvad erad
yofaTaTvis CvenTa da, udidesi vTqvaT, dedasa Tvissa wmidasa saqarTveloQsa eklesiasa zeda aRdgomisaTvis da mwvaleblad wodebisaTvis misisa da mravalTa maT
ukeTurebaTa misTa Tvis yovlad ukeTursa mas da usjulosa zaqaria xuces yofilsa
491
gankveTil vyofT wmidasagan mRvdelobisa: SevaCvenebT, vswyevT, SevkravT Cvenda mocemulTa mRvdelmTavrobiTaTa xelmwifebiTa, miT ukve romeli igi rqva xelmwifeman
sikvdilisa da cxovrebisaman saRmrToTa da samRvdeloTa mowafeTa TvisTa romeli SekraT qveyanasa zeda, iyvnen Sekrul caTa Sina, da kvalad romeli SeipyraT
Sepyrobil iyvnen, da yovelTa meoxTa da SuamdgomelTa misTasa vyoT SeCveneba, da
misTa misrulTa yovelTa SevaCvenebT miT, romel weril ars esreT viTarmed
romeli Seexos Tvissa gaSavdes, da yovelTa SemweTa misTa SevaCvenebT.
ganvkveTeT diaknobisagan da SevaCvenebT Svilsaca missa iosebs, viTa mamisa
Tvisisa Semwesa, da Tana mwvalebelad mwodebelsa wmidisa saqarTveloQsa eklesiisa; SevaCvenebT Wursaca mas eSmakisasa mowafesa missa isaks viTarca yovelsave Sina
ziarsa moZRvrisa Tvisisa.
xolo ukeTu movidnen sinanulad, da didiTare sinanuliTa uku Tqvnen yovelive
warTqmulni Tvisni, da Seurden wmidasa mamamTavarsa Cvensa da wmidasa krebasa
sruliTa guliTa _ SeviwynarebT da mouwodebT sinanulad, da ara sruliad warwymedil vyofT, viTarca monanulTa; garna Svilsa missa iosebs mosrulsa sinanulad da orTaganve umolxinesad SeviwynarebT. welsa 1764 Tvesa okdombersa 18. 447
magram zaqaria mainc gakerpda da saqarTvelodan ruseTSi wasvla arCia
1767 wels. amitom mefe ereklem Semdegi gramota miswera yizlaris cixis
Tavs (rjvtylfyn]) general-maiors potapovs:
xucesi vinme saxeliT zaqaria. naTesaviT gabaSvili Cvenisa samefoQsagan borot

gamsjeli da ukeTuressa gzasa zeda dadgomili, misman uwmidesobaman mamamTavarman
Cvenman da episkoposTa samefoQsa CvenisaTa SekrebiT SeaCvenes da yovlisagan madlisa
ganaSiSvles weliwadsa CRQd, welsa, Tvesa okdombersa i H Y. qalaqsa tfilisisasa.
da odes igi SeiCvena, mieriTgan uukeTuresTa saqmeTa moqmedi weliwadsa amas CRQz
ganvagdeT samefoT CveniT da gvesmis romel yizlar qalaqad misrul ars, romlisa
WeSmariti uwyeba mogarTviT Tqvensa zeaRmavlobasa, nu SeiwynarebT amas viTarca
qristianesa amad, romel yovlisagan qristianeTa madlisa SiSvel ars.
erekle
447
p. karbel aSvili, ierar qia saqarTve los ek lesiisa, 1900 , gv. 166.
492
Tavis mxriv anton kaTalikozma miswera:
suliersa pravleniesa yizlar qalaqisasa antoni kaTalikozi yovlisa zemoQsa saqarTveloQsa uflisa mier locva kurTxeviT movikiTxav! mizezi ese ars Cven
mier Tqvenda momarT awindelisa epistolisa, romel uwyeba gvnebavs Tqvenda momarT, viTarmed xucesi vinme iyo saxeliT zaqaria, naTesaviT gabaSvili, eparxiisa
Cvenisagani, romelica Rirsad da samarTlad ganikveTa mRvdelobisagan da SeiCvena da
anaTema iqmna Cvengan da episkoposTa CvenTa didTa siboroteTa misTaTvis weliwadsa,
1764, okdobersa i HY, xolo brali ukeTurisa mis ese iyo, rameTu Sescoda _ umaRlessa mefobasa keTilmsaxurisa da mwyemsmTavrobasa Cvensa, romlisaTvis uwyeba ese
imasTvis mogviweries Tqvenda: ukeTu mand zakviT da veragobiT samRvdelo moqmedeba raQme moindomos _ nu miuSvebT samRvdelosa mimarT moqmedebisa. madli uflisa
Cvenisa ieso qristesi amin. daiwera samefosa qalaqsa tfiliss. wels 1767 TTvesa
oktombersa 20 dResa antoni kaTalikozi yovlisa zemoQsa saqarTveloQsa.
1764 wlis saqarTvelos saeklesio krebam Tavisi samarTliT safuZveli

daudo qarTuli eklesiis winsvla-ayvavebis saqmes XVIII s-is meore naxevarSi.
Tavi
493
meore
mimdinare krebebi XIX-XX saukuneebSi
Sesavali
XIX
s-Si ruseTis imperiis mier dapyrobil saqarTvelos

miwa-wyalze
guberniebi
da
samxedro
òkrugebi~
Camoayalibes. rusul wreebSi sityva `saqarTvelos~
xsenebac ki cud tonad iTvleboda, xolo qarTveloba uimedobam moicva. aseT dros qarTvelma sasuliero wodebam SeinarCuna mxneoba, suli mamuliSvilobisa da odindel damoukideblobas ara mxolod axsenebda Tavis ers, aramed
xelmZRvanelobda kidec uTanasworo brZolaSi okupantebis winaaRmdeg, erTi
aseTi magaliTia saxalxo ajanyeba mitropolitebis dosiTeos quTaTelisa da
eqvTime genaTelis xelmZRvanelobiT 1819-1820 wlebSi eklesiis avtokefaliis
dasacavad da qveynis gasaTavisufleblad.
eklesia da qarTveli mRvdelmTavrebi patronobdnen saxelmwifo dawesebulebebidan da saswavleblebidan gamoZevebul qarTul enas, gansakuTrebiT ki mas
Semdeg, rac rusuli xelisufleba qarTuli enis gamoZevebas Seecada regionebis
eklesiebidan, qarTveli eris daSla-danawevrebis da kuTxurobis gaRrmavebis,
qarTuli eTno-jgufebis erTmaneTTagan gaucxovebis mizniT. am dros Semdgari
krebebi ixilavdnen am da sxva erovnuli TavisTavadobis SenarCunebisaken
mimarTul sxva sakiTxebs.
XX s-is dasawyisSi saeklesio krebebi warmoadgendnen namdvil
saxalxo
yrilobebs sazogadoebis
yvela
fenis
monawileobiT wmida
marTlmadidebeli
sarwmunoebis asaRorZineblad saWiro eklesiuri avtokefaliis mosapoveblad.
494
am krebebze daisva sakiTxebi jer ruseTis imperiaSi saqarTvelos gaerTianebis,

Semdeg ki misi avtonomiisa da damoukideblobis aRsadgenad.
1917 wels avtokefaliis aRdgenisTanave kaTalikos-patriarqma leonidem wamoayena idea _ `Tavisufal eklesias gverdiT amovuyenoT Tavisufali saqarTvelo~,
marTlac 1918 wels qarTvelma erma SeZlo Tavisi damoukideblobis aRdgena.
1921 w. xelmeore okupaciis Semdeg, rac saqarTvelos mTavrobam da umaRlesma
qarTulma zedafenam miatova qveyana da Tavi evropas Seafara, kaTolikospatriarqma ambrosi xelaiam, viTarca qarTveli eris sulierma mamam mTel
msoflios Seatyobina genuis konferenciis meSveobiT qarTveli eris ubedurebis
Sesaxeb wiTeli ruseTis imperiaSi. amis Semdgom eklesiam didi devna ganicada
da mravali saeklesio kreba ixilavda Sesabamis sakiTxebs.
mas Semdeg, rac 1943 w. ruseTis sapatriarqom aRiara saqarTvelos eklesiis
avtokefalia, sapatriarqo Rirseba da VI adgili marTlmadideblur diptixSi, 1990
wels saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefalia da sapatriarqo Rirseba konstantinopolis
sapatriarqomac aRiara. niSandoblivad
miiCneva, rom konstantinopolis mier
avtokefaliis aRiareba win uswrebda 1991 wels saqarTvelos damoukideblobis
gamocxadebas.
naSromSi ganxilulia 50-ze meti saeklesio kreba, Semdgarni XIX-XX ssSi, romelTa erTad Sekreba da erT monografiad gamocema pirvelad xdeba
qarTul istriografiaSi.
495
saeklesio Sekrebebi e.w. `cerkovni bunti~

avtokefaliis gauqmebis dros (1819-1820)
saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis avtokefalia gauqmda 1811 wels, imis Semdeg, rac saqarTvelos kaTalikos-patri-
dac aqvs ramodenime sapatriarqo da avtokefaluri saeklesio erTeuli, aseve

somxebsac. qarTuli eklesiis aseTi mow-
arqi anton II ruseTSi gadaasaxles, xolo

saqarTvelos eklesia dauqvemdebares
rusuli eklesiis wmida sinods. Tu ufro
met sizustes davicavT, unda iTqvas,
yobis saxe gagrZelda XVIII s-is miwurulamde. am droisaTvis qarTvelTa Soris

gavrcelda idea daqucmacebul saqarTvelos gaerTianebisa. am ideis erT-erTi
rom saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefalia

sabolood gauqmda ara 1811, aramed 1821
wels, imis Semdeg, rac ruseTis xelisuflebam mTeli Tavisi sisastikiT
CaaxSo dasavleT saqarTveloSi saerTosaxalxo ajanyeba qarTuli eklesiis av-
sulisCamdgmeli iyo dasavleT saqarTvelos, anu afxaz-imerTa kaTalikozis adgilze mjdomi quTaTeli mitropoliti
dosiTeozi, eqvTime genaTelTan erTad.
am ideis ganxorcieleba, anu saqarTvelos erT sa xelmwi fod ga erTian eba,
tokefaliis dasacavad. ruseTis mTavrobam

amis Sedegad gaauqma saeklesio TavisTavadoba saqarTvelos am nawilSi.
rogorc cnobilia, qarTul eklesias
gaaCnda ori erTmaneTisagan administraciulad damoukidebeli, Tumca, sulierad
erTiani saeklesio erTeuli: qarTlis da
romelic ase mniSvnelovani iyo im droisaTvis, ver moxerxda. dasavleT saqarTvelos eklesiis ierarqebma amis sanacvlod, rogorc Cans, umjobesad miiCnies
gaerTianeba sruliad saqarTvelos eklesiisa. amitomac quTaTelma mitropolitma dosiTeozma uari ganacxada
afxazeTis (imereTis) sakaTalikosoebi,

romelTa meTaurebi patriarqis wodebamdec amaRldnen. saeklesio mowyobis aseTi saxe gaaCniaT sxva qristian erebsac
- berZnul eklesias gaaCnda da amJama-
sakaTalikozo taxtze (kaTalikozis tituli mas uboZa imereTis mefe solomon

II-m) da dasavleT saqarTvelos eklesia
da ierarqia mefe erekle II-s dros sama rTle bri vad da adm inis tra ciul ad
496
Tavis nebiT daeqvemdebara aRmosavleT
SesaZloa, qarTvelTa azriT, saqarTve-
saqarTvelos, anu qarTlis sakaTaliko-
los egzarqosi iyo saqarTvelos kaTalikos-patriarqis monacvle, ise, rogorc,
zos sasamarTlo xelisuflebas (dikaste ri as a) da k aT ali ko s ant on
I I- s.
qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis gauqmebis
dr ois aT vi s ( 18 11
w lis aT vi s)
saqarTvelos eklesia aRmosavleT-dasavleT saqarTvelos moicavda.

aRsaniSnavia, rom ruseTis xelisuflebas qarTuli eklesiis gauqmebis
Sesaxeb oficialurad ar ganucxadebia.
piriqiT, anton II didi TavaziTa da pativ iscem iT g aiyva nes s aqar Tvelo dan
qarTuli eklesiis Sinagani aSlilobis
mowesrigebis sababiT, mxolod ramdenime wlis Semdeg mixvda qarTveloba, rom
xelisuflebas, SesaZloa, qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis gauqmebaze efiqra.
roca rusebma anton II-is monacvle ègzarxosad~, qarTuli eklesiis `meTaurad~ dasves varlam erisTavi, mas ar
mianiWes kaTalikozis wodeba, qarTvelebi fiqrobdnen, rom anton II, e.i. kanonieri kaTalikozi, ruseTSi imyofeboda,
rogorc xelisufleba ambobda, àvadmyofobis~ gamo, amitomac, cxadia, misi
sicocxlis dros misi monacvlisaTvis
kaTalikosis wodebis miniWeba swori ar
iqneboda da egzarqosobis damyareba normalur mdgomareobad miaCndaT. ègzarqoss~ qarTvelebi kaTalikozis monacvled rom Tvlidnen, es Cans ioane bagrationis `kalmasobidan~, masSi sityva ègzarqosi~ asea ganmartebuli: ègzarqi
niSnavs monacvlesa da adgilis dampyrobsa patriarxisasa, viTarca ruseTsa
S in a
na c v la d pa t r ia r x is a
mmarTveli sasuliero saqmeTa~.
si n o di ,
1
vTqvaT, ruseTSi patriarqis nacvlad saeklesio saqmeebs ganagebda sinodi. kaTalikos-patriarq anton II-is gardacvalebamde (21.XII.1827) qarTvelebi gaurkvevlobaSi imyofebodnen da maT bolomde
arc ki icodnen, rom qarTuli eklesiis
avtokefalia gauqmebuli iyo. fiqrobdnen, rom saqarTveloSi saeklesio saqmeebSi ereoda ruseTis xelisufleba imis
gamo, rom amas iTxovda ruseTis imperiis wesrigianoba.
saqarTvelos eklesias saTaveSi 1811
wlidan egzarqosTan erTad dikasteria
Cauyenes. dikasteria jer kidev anton Ima daaarsa sakaTalikoso karze. es iyo
umaRlesi administraciul-sasamarTlo
organo (XVIII s-is 70-ian wlebidan),
romelic ganagebda saeklesio xasiaTis
yvela saqmes. antonis dros mmarTvelobasTan erTad igi asrulebda agreTve
sasamarTlo funqciasac. dikasteria kolegialuri organo iyo, mis SemadgenlobaSi TiTqmis yvela rangis sasuliero piri
Sedioda, wevrTa raodenoba 11 kacs ar
aRemateboda da isini periodulad monawileobdnen dikaster iis saqmianobaSi.
dikasteria xelmZRvanelobda saeklesio
kanonwesebiTa da vaxtang VI-is samarTlis wignTa krebuliT. 2
rusebis mier daarsebuli dikasteria, cxadia, Tvisobrivad gansxvavdeboda anton I-is dros arsebuli dikasteriisagan (erTi erovnuli organo iyo,
meore ki - rusuli), magram saxelebis
msgavsebas qarTvelebi SecdomaSi Sehyavda,
isini fiqrobdnen, rom qarTuli eklesi-
i. bagrat ioni, xumars wavla, 1990, t. I, gv. 565; 2 m. kekelia, sasamarTlo organ izacia da pro cesi
saqarTveloSi ruse TTan Se erTebis win, t. I, 1970.
1
497
is mmarTvelobis saxe ar Secvlila,
Tvelobis damyarebamde, wers sargis
mxolod wesrigi ganmtkicda rusuli

wesebis Sesabamisad. maSasadame, rusebma
kakabaZe: `midrekileba gaerTianebisaken

amer-imerSi imdenad didi iyo, rom man
qarTuli eklesiis damoukideblobas nela

da frTxilad gamoacales safuZveli ise,
rom qarTvelTa umravlesobam amis Sesaxeb
araferi icoda. isini mxolod XIX s-is
30-ian wlebSi aRmoCndnen faqtis winaSe,
SemdegSi gamoxatuleba hpova ramdenadme

mainc saeklesio cxovrebaSi. 1795 wels
kievSi gardaicvala ukanaskneli afxazimereTis (e.i. dasavleT saqarTvelos)
kaTalikosi maqsime abaSiZe, romelic ru-
maSin, roca qarTuli eklesiis mmarTvelobis saxe ukve Tvisobrivad Secvlili
seTSi elCad imereTis mefe daviT II-is

mier gagzavnili ukan ar dabrunebula.
iyo (eparqiaTa Semcirebis erT-erTi mizani iyo qarTvel mRvdelmTavarTa ricxvis mkveTri SemcirebiT avtokefaliis
mis magivrad fiqrobdnen kaTalikosad

quTaTeli mitropolitis dosiTeozis
kurTxevas, magram es ar moxda. platon
gauqmebis mowinaaRmdegeTa uvnebelyofa).
ioselianis damowmebiT, saero xelmZRv-
rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, dasavleTaRmosavleT saqarTvelos eklesia ukve

faqtobrivad gaerTianebuli iyo XVIII
s-is bolosa da XIX s-is dasawyisi-
aneloba dasavleT saqarTvelos eklesiisac daekisra amis Semdeg saqarTvelos

kaTalikoss anton II-s. marTalia, es xelmZRvaneloba iyo nominaluri, magram
saTvis. qarTlis sakaTalikosos dikasteria jer kidev rusTa mmarTvelobis dawyebamde arCevda dasavleT saqarTvelos
sasuliero pirTa zogierT saqmes. 3
is garemoeba, rom dasavleT saqarTveloSi

ukve calke kaTalikosi ar ijda, mainc
simptomaturi iyo. sayuradReboa amasTanave, rom rogorc Cans, es moxda ara
swored es faqti edo safuZvlad ruseTis sinods, roca saqarTvelos dikasteria 1815 wels gadakeTda saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodalur kantorad, mTav-
Tbilisidan miTiTebiT, aramed TviT imerlebis TaosnobiT~. 5

amitomac, egzarqosi varlam mitropoliti rusma xelisuflebam daavalde-
robam mas daumorCila jer kidev avtokefaluri samTavroebis guria-samegrelos eklesiebi. 4 maSasadame, aRmosavleT
saqarTvelos saegzarqosoSi dasavleT
saqarTvelos eklesiur daqvemdebarebas
bula ganexorcielebina saeklesio `reforma~ misdami nominalurad daqvemdebarebul dasavleT saqarTveloSi. varlamma es ver SeZlo, amiT ukmayofilo xelisuflebam igi gaiwvia saqarTvelodan
mxolod imereTis samefos imperiasTan

SeerTeba ar edo safuZvlad, aramed
dasavleT saqarTvelos ukve arsebuli
da mis nacvlad egzarqosad daniSna erovnebiT rusi mitropoliti Teofilaqte.

man TbilisSi Camosvlis Semdeg dasav-
eklesiuri daqvemdebareba aRmosavleT,

anu zogadqarTul saeklesio centrisadmi.
es rom namdvilad ase iyo da qarTuli eklesia dasavleT-aRmosavleT saqar-
leT saqarTveloSi saeklesio reformis

(e.i. qarTuli eklesiis darCenili nawilis TavisTavadobis gauqmebis) mizniT
uwmides sinods warudgina moxseneba
TveloSi gaerTianebuli iyo rusTa mmar-
lixT-imereTis eparqiebis Semcirebisa da
a. jafariZ e, qar Tuli ek lesia XVII-XVIII saukuneebSi, ekl esiis k alendar i, 199 4;
891; 5 s. kakabaZe, qarTveli xalxis istoria, 199 7, gv. 32.
3
nar kv., IV, gv,
498
egzarqosisadmi daqvemdebarebis Sesaxeb.
dideblobis cnebis qarTvelobis cnebi-
dasavleT saqarTveloSi am dros iyo 9

samRvdelmTavro kaTedra. rusebis mier
ganzraxuli iyo mxolod 3 eparqiis datoveba, agreTve saeklesio mamulebis Semosavlis aRricxva da maTi daqvemdebareba egzarqosisa da sasinodo kantorisadmi. axla saeklesio glexebisa-
sagan daSoreba, erTisaTvis mxolod sarwmunoebrivi, meorisaTvis erovnul-eTnikuri saxis miniWeba, Semdgom ki rusobisa da marTlmadideblobis gaerTmniSvnelianeba qarTul cnobierebaSi.
gan iTxovdnen fulad gadasaxads, xolo

samRvdeloebas ki pirdebodnen jamagirs. 6
rusi moxeleebi arwmunebdnen peterburgis umaRles xelisuflebas, TiTqosda saeklesio reformis gatareba ara
marto politikur, aramed ekonomikur
sargebelsac moutanda imperias, radganac saxazino Semosavali imereTidan gaizrdeboda 100.000 maneTamde (iqamde
20.000 maneTs Zlivs aRwevda). amis safuZveli iyo is, rom saeklesio glexebi da
saeklesio mamulebi dasavleT saqarTveloSi saerTo mosaxleobisa da miwis fondis mniSvnelovan nawils Seadgenda.
axali egzarqosi Teofilaqte rusanovi, romelic 1817 wlidan Seudga
saqarTveloSi saqmianobas, xelisuflebasa da rusul wreebs ganaTlebul pirad miaCndaT, igi cdilobda rusuli
politikis mtkice gamtarebeli yofiliyo eklesiaSi. CamosvlisTanave sionis
wmida taZarSi qarTulis nacvlad SemoiRo slavuri wirva-locva, gaxsna rusulenovani seminaria TbilisSi (1817), surda misi gamoyeneba qarTveli samRvdeloebis axali Taobis gasaruseblad da
maTi saSualebiT Semdgom qarTuli mrevlis erovnuli cnobierebis dasasusteblad. Tu iqamde saqarTvelos xalxi
qarTvelobasa da marTlmadideblobas sinonimebad miiCnevda, axali saeklesio
politikis Tanaxmad, surdaT marTlma6
saerTod, imdroindel ruseTSi, marTalia, TiTqosda sazogadoebrivi cnobiereba evropulis msgavsad iyo mowyobili, magram sinamdvileSi ufro aziuri
Sexedulebani batonobda saeklesio (da
saxelmwifoebriv) sferoSi, es iqidan Cans,
rom imperiaSi yvela aramarTlmadidebluri sarwmunoebis mimdevrebs neba hqondaT erovnuli eklesiebisa da sasuliero saswavleblebis qonisa, xolo ararus
marTlmadideblebs mxolod rusuli saeklesio dawesebulebebi unda hqonodaT,
e.i. yvela marTlmadidebels saxelmwifo
da eklesia ganixilavda rusad da Tu
marTlmadidebeli ararusi iyo, samomavlod igi rusul erovnebasa da eklesias
unda Serwymoda. msgavadve iyo osmaleTSic, aq mxolod oTxi-xuTi xalxis,
anu eris arsebobas aRiarebda saxelmwifo. eseni iyvnen 1. muslimanebi, 2.
frangebi, 3. somxebi, 4. berZnebi, 5.
ebraelebi. yvela mahmadiani erovnuli
warmomavlobis miuxedavad musulmanad
ganixileboda, yvela kaTolike erovnuli warmomavlobis miuxedavad - frangad, yvela marTlmadidebeli erovnuli
kuTvnilebis miuxedavad - berZnad, berZnulenovani skolebiTa da eklesiebiT. aseTive mowyobis saxes, Cans, ruseTis imperiac aRiarebda - aqac yvela marTlmadidebels, maT Soris qarTvelebsac rusebad anda potenciur rusebad ganixilavdnen, spobdnen qarTulenovan eklesiebs da saswavleblebs. xolo somx-
s. kakabaZe, qarTveli xalxis istoria, 199 7, gv. 87;
499
ebs, ebrael da sxva xalxebs utovebd-
wavleblebic (seminariebi, erTi maTgani
nen erovnuls.
sagangebodaa aRsaniSnavi, rom yove-
TbilisSi), hqondaT eCmiaZinSi umaRlesi

saswavlebelic, sasuliero akademia. yvel-
live amas, ruseTis xelisuflebis nebas,

SesaniSnavad grZnobda imereTis morw-
gan swavla warmoebda somxur enaze~. 8

aRsaniSnavia, rom ruseTis xelisu-
mune mosaxleoba da aRniSnavda kidec

Sesabamis werilSi ruseTis xelisuflebisadmi 18 19-18 20 wlebSi, `saeklesio
reformis~ wamowyebis dros. dasavleT
saqarTvelos qarTveloba `saeklesio reformas~ ganixilavda, rogorc qarTuli
eklesiis, anu erovnuli sarwmunoebis
flebas aRelvebda isic, rom miuxedavad

samefo xelisuflebis gauqmebisa, miuxedavad imisa, rom imereTi 18 10 wels
SeierTa ruseTis imperiam, kvlavindeburad
imereTis mefis adgils axla faqtobrivad asrulebda imereTis sasuliero umaRlesi xelisufleba, mas xalxis dabal
SebRalva-gauqmebis mcdelobas da werda

xelisuflebas: `Tu ruseTis imperiaSi
ar Seaxes xeli ebraelTa sarwmunoebas,
da maRal fenaze udidesi zegavlena hqonda. es ki Zalze awuxebda rusul xelisuflebas. amiT iyo gamowveuli is,
agreTve somxebisa da kaTolikeTa eklesiebs, Cven ratom unda warmovadgendeT gamonakliss. Tu im dros, roca
mahmadianTa xelSi viyaviT, aravin exeboda Cvens mtkice rwmenas da arc
am gva r m wu xar eba s g vay ene bd nen , m aS
raRa dagiSaveT amJamad, roca gvta-
rom mTavrobisagan adgilobrivma rusulma

xelisuflebam miiRo aseTi saxis brZaneba: `dro aris bolo moeRos imereTis
samRvdelobis gadaWarbebul gavlenas
xalxis gonebaze~. 9
rusebis xelisuflebis damyarebis
Semdeg imereTSi umaRles saeklesio xe-
ceben SeCveul mRvdelmTavrebs, taZrebsa da mRvdlebs~. 7

am werilidan Cans, rom 1819-18 20
wlebSi imereTisa da dasavleT saqarTvelos mosaxleobam SesaniSnavad icoda,
lisufalTa, gansakuTrebiT ki quTaTeli

da genaTeli mitropolitebis, gavlena
xa lxze ki ar S emci rebu la, aram ed
gazrdila. amis mizezTa Sesaxeb s. kakabaZe wers: `sul imereT-guria-samegre-
Tu sinamdvileSi ra surda da ra eklesiuri Sedegi mohyveboda `saeklesio reformas~. marTlac, rogorc werilSia
aRniSnuli, ruseTis imperias xeli ar
uxlia aramarTlmadidebluri erebis eklesiebisaTvis. amis magaliTia is, rom
somxur eklesias imperiaSi bolomde hqonda `Tavisi sakuTari damoukidebeli or-
loSi am dros iTvleboda cxra

mRvdelmTavari. mRvdlebic dasavleT
saqarTveloSi iyvnen Zlier bevrni (isini ojaxobiT Seadgendnen mosaxleobis
daaxloebiT 5%-s). mRvdels sofelSi
didi gavlena hqonda, radganac axlos
idga glexobasTan da, rogorc ufro Segnebuli, glexobisaTvis mis Wir-varamSi
ganizacia kaTalikosiT saTaveSi. somxur eklesiebTan yvelgan gaxsnili iyo

somxurenovani samrevlo skolebi, somxebs hqondaT sasuliero saSualo sas-
sasargebloc iyo, garda amisa, gasul

xanaSi, osmalebTan brZolebis dros, samRvdeloeba saWiro iyo xalxSi qristianuli Segnebis gansamtkiceblad. quTai-
arq eolog. komisiis aqteb i, , t. VI, n aw. I, gv. 39 1; 8 s. kakabaZe, qarTveli xalxis isto ria,
1997 , gv. 230; 9 Frns^ cj,h fyyst R fdrfpcrjq fh[ tjuhfabxtcrj q rjvbccbtq^ n& VI^ x& I^ c& 574&
7
500
sis da gelaTis mitropolitebs Tavis
ZvelqarTuli saxelmwifo mowyobis wess,
xelqveiT hqonda saeklesio didi Se-
roca mefis karze arsebuli saxelmwifo

darbazi Sedgeboda òTxi berisagan~ da
vezirebisagan.
`xelmwifis karis garigebis~ Tanaxmad, romliTac, rogorc cnobilia, didx-
Zleba (TiTqmis am dros 500 mozrdil

koml aznaur-glexze meti). TavianTi
karis sxvadasxva moxeleebiT da Tavadebis xSiri stumrianobiT maTi gavlena adgilobrivi qarTuli mmarTvelobis gauqmebis gamo kidev ufro gaizarda, miT umetes, rom rusuli mmarTveloba xalxs ar moswonda~. 10
quTaTel da genaTel mitropolitTa
gavlenis gazrda agreTve unda aixsnas
ZvelqarTuli saxelmwifoebrivi mowyobis sistemiT, romelic bolomde, rusTa
mmarTvelobis damyarebamde iyo SenarCunebuli imereTis samefoSi. kerZod, imereTSi mefe TviTmpyrobeli mmarTveli
ar iyo, aramed igi saxelmwifos marTavda Tavis sabWosTan erTad. sabWos wevrebi
didmniSvnelovan Tanamdebobebsac flobdnen. mefis sabWo orad ganiyofoda _
sasulierod da saerod, `sasuliero pirebi sabWoSi didi uflebebiT sargeblobdnen, maT Sexedulebebsa da mosazrebebs
mefe yovelTvis gulmodgined ismenda da
did angariSs uwevda~. 11 sabWoSi monawileobda oTxi episkoposi: 1. quTaTeli
mitropoliti dosiTeosi; 2. genaTeli
mitropoliti eqvTime; 3. nikorwmideli
mitropoliti sofroniosi da 4. mTavarepiskoposi antoni~. 12 mefis sabWos saero
nawili rusebis Semosvlis win Sedgeboda 30-mde Tavadisagan da taxtis aznaurisagan. imereTis samefos politikuri
wyobileba, romelic g. gonikaSvilis
Tanaxmad, `qarTuli saxelmwifo samarTlis wesebze iyo agebuli~ gvagonebs
ans sargeblobdnen imereTSi, xelmwifis

karze yovelTvis pirvel rigSi moixsenieboda 4 didxarisxovani beri, anu monazoni `romlebic arian: moZRvarTmoZRvari, Wyondideli, kaTalikosni _ qarTlisa da afxazeTisa~. 13 erTiani saqarTvelos samefos daSlisa da imereTis samefos warmoqmnis Semdeg, Cans, cdilan
samefoSi SeenarCunebinaT ZvelqarTuli
saxelmwifo samarTali da mefesTan Seqmnil sabWoSi SeunarCunebiaT 4 sasuliero piris wevroba, maT, rogorc aRiniSna, mefeze udidesi zegavlena da saxelmwifoSi didi Zala hqoniaT, Cans iseve,
rogorc Zvel saqarTveloSi Wyondidelsa
da kaTalikosebs.
aRsaniSnavia, rom imereTSi mefobis
gauqmebis Semdeg rusebic cdilan imereTis rusi mmarTvelis karze daearsebinaT `sabWo~ (TiTqosda ar surdaT
mmarTvelobis Zveli formebis Secvla),
axla misTvis mmarTvelobis umaRlesi
organo uwodebiaT `saerTo krebis~ saxel iT , m ag ram ` kre ba mx ol od fo rmalu ri daw esebule ba iyo . imer eTis
saqmeebs erTpiro vnulad ganagebda
mmarTveli rusi generali~. 14
rogorc aRiniSna, marTalia, imereTSi mefoba gaauqmes, magram imereTis
mefesTan arsebul sabWos, romelic,
cxadia, rusTa mier daSlili iyo, mainc
udidesi gavlena hqonia xalxze, gan-
s. kakabaZ e, qarT veli xalxis is toria, 1783-1921, Tb ., 1997 , gv. 87; 11 m. gonikaSv ili, ime reTi
XVIII-XIX saukun eTa mijnaze, 1979, gv. 52; 12 s. kakabaZe, qar Tveli x alxis istoria, 1783-1921, Tb.,
19 97 , gv. 52; 13 k . ke ke liZ e, Z ve li qarT ul i lit er at ur is is to ria, I, 1980, gv . 569; 14 m.
gonikaSvili, dasax . naSr ., gv. 208.
10
501
sakuTrebiT ki mis sasuliero nawils,
atarebdnen aseTi saxis saeklesio re-
amitomac miiRo xelisuflebam mTavrobis uzenaesi brZaneba moespoT `xalxis

gonebaze~ qarTuli samRvdeloebis zegavlena. es xelisuflebam daavala sinodalur kantorasa da egzarqoss. maT
formas: Statis Semcirebis sababiT samsaxuridan iTxovdnen samRvdeloebas, es

iwvevda mahmadianebis Semosevebis drosac ki moqmedi eklesiebis daketvas,
aRwerdnen saeklesio qoneba-Semosav-
avtoriteti ar gaaCndaT Careuliyvnen

dasavleT saqarTvelos saeklesio saqmeebSi, iTxovdnen jaris gamoyenebasa da
xazinisagan xarjis gawevas saeklesio
lebs, xolo eparqiaTa Semcirebis Sesaxeb mTavrobis ganzraxva ukve mTelma

dasavleT saqarTvelom icoda. eparqiaTa da saeklesio msaxurTa Statebis
saqmeTa mosagvareblad. sanacvlod mTavrobas pirdebodnen, rom `saeklesio reformiT~ xazina gaweul xarjebs erTiaTad ainazRaurebda eklesiebidan Semosavlebis gazrdiT. egzarqosi Teofilaqte
rusis gaZlierebuli jariTa da artileria qvemexebis TanxlebiT gadavida dasavleT saqarTveloSi `saeklesio reformebis~ gansaxorcieleblad.
imereli qronografi werda: `18 19
wels ivnisis TveSi movida saqarTvelos
egzarxi mitropoliti Teofilaqte brZanebiTa misis imperatorebisis didebulebis
Semcireba sxva araferi iyo Tu ara

eklesiisa da qveynisaTvis Tavdadebuli naRvawi episkoposebisa da samRvdeloebis daTxovna, eklesiebis gauqmeba,
urCebis dapatimreba, saeklesio glexTa gadasaxadebis ara Tu Semcireba,
aramed gazrda `saeklesio reformiT
glexTa saeklesio gadasaxadebi gaizarda, mosaxleobis sagadasaxado tvirTi
damZimda. ase magaliTad, ivandidis, kontuaTis, naxaxulevis, kuxis, maTxojis,
farcxanayanevis, maRlakisa da sxva soflebis glexTa saeklesio gadasaxadebi
ruseTis xelmwifisaTa sasulieros Statis dasawyobad, raTa qmnil iyo erT

eparqiad da im erTs eparqiis zemdgom
mRvdelmTavaris xel qveS unda Sesuliyo
yovelive sasuliero saqme da egreTve
eklesiis ymaTa~... 15 ambis gagrZelebis Semdeg qronografi amTavrebs: àmis msmene-
samjer gazardes~. 16
imereTSi im dros iTvleboda 2.124
saeklesio komli (1.994 komli saeklesio glexi da 130 ojaxi saeklesio aznauri). Semosavali maTgan fulze gadayvaniT Seadgenda 11.482 maneT vercxlis
fuls, maSin roca 1817 wels xazinis
li imereTis sazogadoeba mieca ara mcireds mwuxarebasa~. 1 5

`Zvelad saqarTvelos eklesias Semosavali ZiriTadad sakuTari yma-mamulidan Semodioda, agreTve sasuliero
(saweso) gamosaRebebi, eklesiebTan gamarTuli `qalaqobebis~ baJi da Semowirulobani~. 1 6
Teofilaqte imereTis soflebSi agzavnida Tavis warmomadgenlebs, romelnic
Semosavali mTeli imereTidan Seadgenda

mxolod 16.745 maneTs. 16
`reformiT~ SeSfoTebulma imereTis sazogadoebam mravalgzis TxovniT
mimarTa xelisuflebas, Seewyvita es
procesi. sazogadoeba arwmunebda mTav robas, rom am saeklesio reformis Sedega d `mr aval i taZ ari d aiqc eva, patiosansa da yovladqebul xatebsa da
jvrebs daitaceben, saydrebs moaklde-
15
T. Jordan ia, qro nikebi, III, 1967, gv. 59 7;
16
q. CxataraiSvili, guriis samTavro, 19 85, gv. 62.
502
baT maTganve aRzrdili maTTvis mlo -
mouwodebdnen xalxs eklesiis uflebeb-
cveli moZRvrebi, qarTvelebi ganSorebul i qnebian Tavis mR vdelmTav arTa
is dasacavad~. 19 saeklesio ajanyebam gansakuTrebiT didi saxe miiRo raWaSi da
kurTxevisagan~. 1 7
aseTma Txovna-vedrebam da darwmune bam ar ga Wra , r usi s m Tav rob am
Teofilaqtes xelmZRvanelobiT gaagrZel a ` re fo r ma ~ , ro m li s m i xe dv i Ta c
s a er T o d m T e l q v e y a na S i . i m e r eT i s
mmarTveli rusi generali mTavrobas acnobebda, rom ajanyeba sayovelTao iyo,
ajanyebulebma daiWires da Caxerges samimosvlo da safosto gzebi, daikaves sa-
`mRvdlebis ricxvi unda Semcirebuliyo

erTiorad da erTisamad. episkoposebis
darajoebi, isini moiTxovdnen reformis

gauqmebas da egzarqosis Teofilaqte ru-
SesamCnevad dasanaxi cxovreba amaliTa

da stumrianobiT moispoboda, rac frTas Seakvecda maT gavlenas Tavadaznau-
sanovis imereTidan gaZevebas. 20 mTavrobam

imereTSi damatebiT Segzavna kazakTa ori
polki, grenaderTa polkis erTi batal-
robasa da xalxze. rodesac saeklesio
ioni da artileria generlis meTauro-
glexebis aRweras Seudgnen gadasaxadebis fulze gadataniT da maTi momatebiT, xalxi SeSinda~. 18 ajanyda mTeli
imereTi, sazogadoebis yvela fena 1819
biT. ajanyebulebSi TandaTan gavrcelda

lozungi `samSoblos ganTavisufleba~. 20
`samSoblos ganTavisufleba~, cxadia, eklesiis Tavisuflebasac gulisxmobda.
wlis ivnis-ivlisSi. TiTqmis yoveli

soflis eklesiebTan ikribeboda mrevli.
eklesiebSi daculi bukebis xmaze
ikribeboda mTeli soflis mosaxleoba,
mTavroba iZulebuli gaxda `reforma~ Seewyvita, xolo `SeSinebuli egzarqosi Teofilaqte 9 ivliss, gaZlierebuli dacviT 300 jariskaciTa da artile-
tardeboda saxalxo saeklesio krebebi.

ificebdnen xatebze, rom ar uRalatebdnen erTmaneTs, saqristiano saqmes, daicavdnen erTobas da mTlianobas gamar-
riiT _ quTaisidan Tbiliss gaemgzavra.

es iyo ajanyebulTa gamarjveba~. 21
ajan yebulebi dawynar dnen. ma gram
rusi moxeleebisa da gansakuTrebiT gen-
jvebamde. xalxis saboloo mizani iyo

e.w. `saeklesio reformis~ gauqmeba, samRvdeloebisa da eklesiis winandel mdgomareobaSi datoveba.
`glexebi mouwodebdnen erTmaneTs er-
erlis qmedebebma xalxi miaxvedra, rom

erTaderTi xsna iyo mxolod rusebis
qveynidan gandevna da erovnuli samefo
xelisuflebis aRdgena. ajanyebulebi
daaCqara iman, rom rusebs ganzraxuli
Tobisaken. erTobaSi monawile jgufebi

gadadiodnen mezobel soflebSi, yvelgan adgilobriv eklesiebSi daculi buke-
hqondaT ajanyebulebis sastiki dasja,

xalxisagan ki iTxovdnen `codvebis monaniebas~ da ruseTis imperiis erTgule-
bis dakvriT ikribeboda xalxi da xatebze erTobis fics Rebulobda. erTobis

fics Rebulobdnen glexebTan erTad
Tavadaznaurobac. quTaTeli mitropoliti
baze ficis dadebas. ajanyeba ganaxlda.

saimperatoro kars arwmunebdnen, rom
ajanyebas saTaveSi edga qarTuli eklesia, kerZod, ki quTaTeli da genaTeli
dosiTeosi da genaTeli efTvime aSkarad
mitropolitebi dosiTeosi da eqvTime.
narkv. IV, gv. 931; 18 , , 1874, , t.

VI, naw. I, gv. 39 1; 19 s. kakabaZ e, dasax . naSr. , gv. 87; 20 iqv e, gv. 88; 21 nar kv. IV, gv. 932, 9 33.
17
503
peterburgidan movida brZaneba qarTuli
da gatarebis dros mcxovreblebma ver
eklesiis meTaurebis imereTidan ruseTSi gadasaxlebis Sesaxeb. es faqtobrivad iyo nebarTva imisa, rom maT adgilobrivi xelisufleba mopyroboda Tavisi Sexedulebis Sesabamisad.
icnon isini, gadavwyvite, rom Tavze Camovacva tomrebi, maT kiserTan da welTan
Sevkrav, xolo bagesTan sasunTqs gavukeTeb. Tu raime ukiduresi SemTxveva
moxdeba maT davxocav da gvamebs wyals
SemuSavebuli iqna mTeli gegma mitropolitebis dapatimrebisa mTeli Tavis

nebarTvebiTa da instruqciebiT. amasobaSi ajanyebulma xalxma da imereTis
gavatan~. 22 Tbilisis rusuli xelisufleba Zalze SeaSfoTa daxocvis Semdeg

mitropolitebis gvamebis wyalSi gadayris azrma, radganac SeeSindaT, rom
mTelma sazogadoebam daiwyes Zieba samefo

kandidatebisa. samwuxarod, mefe solomon
II-s pirdapiri memkvidre ar hyavda. samefo
kandidats eZebdnen bagrationTa Soris,
magram Semdeg samefo saxlis naTesavTa Sorisac daiwyes Zieba. sabolood,
imereTis mefed gamoacxades solomon
II-is SviliSvili ivane abaSiZe. amis
sapasuxod rusebma Seiyvanes imereTSi
damatebiTi jarebi, gaica brZaneba axali mefisa da mitropolitTa dapatimr eb i s S e sa x e b, is i n i s a ma r Tl i a na d
ganixilebodnen qarTuli saxelmwifoe-
gvamebis amocnobis Semdeg xalxi gamZvinvardeboda, amitomac aseTi darigeba

miiRo: `yvelaze metad moerideT mitropolitebis sikvdiliT dasjas, amas
SeuZlia mTlad aaRelvos samRvdeloebisa da Tavadebisagan waqezebuli xalxi,
SeiZleba Cvens jariskacebzec cudi STabeWdileba datovos. maT sarwmunoebrivi
aRmsareblobis gamo Zlieri sasoeba unda
hqondeT samRvdeloebisadmi... magram Tu
ma inc saW irod mi iCne va moxu ci
mR vde lm Tav reb is da xoc va , a rav iT ar
SemTxvevaSi arc erTi gvami ar datovoT
briobisa da saeklesio damoukideblobis arsebobis masazrdoebel centralur

figurebad. imereTis rusma mmarTvelma
puzirevskim Seipyro Rrmad moxucebuli quTaTeli mitropoliti dosiTeosi
da genaTeli eqvTime 1820 wlis 4 marts,
TviTon ki gaemarTa guriisaken axali
imereTSi, arc daasaflavoT, arc gadaagdoT mdinareSi, viwro da swrafdinebis gamo SeiZleba mdinarem amoagdos
gvamebi, romelsac naxavs crumorwmune
xalxi. TiToeuli gvami gadatanil unda
iqnes mozdokamdis. ar iqnas datovebuli saqarTveloSic ki, anda mitanil iqnan
mefis ivane abaSiZis Sesapyrobad. Sepyrobil mitropolitebs xelisufleba

miiCnevda ara dapatimrebulebad, aramed
datyvevebulebad.
guriaSi wasvlamde puzirevski SeuTanxmda rusul mmarTvelobas mRvdelmTavar tyveTa sakiTxis Sesaxeb. generalleitenants veliaminovs miswera: ìmisaTvis, raTa datyvevebulebma ver SeZlon
gaqceva, ar icodnen erTmaneTis vinaoba
kaiSauramde, sadac SeiZleba maTi dasaflaveba~. 23 es iyo faqtobrivi nebarTva

mitropolitebis daxocvisa. magram am
brZanebis Sesrulebamde TviT puzirevski mokles guriaSi.
mitropolitTa Sepyrobis Semdeg ajanyda ara mxolod imereTi raWasTan erTad, aramed guria da samegreloc. rusebma
imereTSi Seiyvanes damatebiTi jari da
artileria. saxelmwifosa da eklesiis
22
, VI, gv. 57 9;
23
, VI, gv. 582.
504
ropolitebs tomrebi Camoacves da, Cans,

urmiT an cxenebiT gauyenes ruseTis gzas.
xelisuflebas eSinoda maTi cocxlad
datovebisa, amitomac SemTxvevas ar unda
meTauris, kaTalikosis adgilze mjdomisa

da zogierTi sabuTis mixedviT kaTalikosis _ dosiTeos quTaTelis sikvdili.
igi, rogorc fiqroben, suramTan axlos
tomaraSi daxCobila, zogierTi cnobis
mixedviT, igi mokvda sastiki cemis Semdeg. misi gvami da agreTve mitropoliti eqvTime genaTeli mainc tomrebSi datoves, mxolod ananurSi, rusebisaTvis
usafrTxo adgilas inebes rusebma mitropolitis gvamis gaTavisufleba. cxadia, es winaswar Seatyobines rusul saeklesio mmarTvelobas TbilisSi.
qarTuli eklesiis TavisuflebisaTvis
Tavdadebulsa da sicocxlis Semwirvel
mitropolit dosiTeoss kaTalikos-pat ri a rq i l eo n id e u wo d eb s ` mo w am e
mRvdelmTavars~. dosiTeos quTaTelisa
da eqvTime genaTelis xsovna sagangebod aRniSnes avtokefaliis aRmdgenelma krebebma 1917 wels. `mowame mRvdelmTavris~ dosiTeos quTaTelis ukanaskneli gansasveneblis Sesaxeb brZanebs kaTolikos-patriarqi leonide: `quTaTeli amoaRrCes tomaraSi gzaTmimavali
suramidan gorSi. didxans ar icodnen,
ra eq naT mowame mRvdelmT avris
cxedrisTvis. momyol jariskacTaTvis ar
gaumxeliaT es ambavi ananuramdis, sadac bolos movida brZaneba saqarTvelo s sinoda lur egza rqosisag an
mRvdelmTavris dasaflavebis Sesaxeb yovlad martivaTa da uceremonioT~. 26
ruseTSi gadasaxlebuli bagrationebis samefo saxlis wevrebs xSirad iwvevdnen imperiis dedaqalaqSi im mizniT, raTa
maT SecvlodaT Sexeduleba imperiis civilizebulebis Sesaxeb. Cans, amave mizniT
miiwvia peterburgSi imperatorma aleqsan-
mivaweroT qarTuli eklesiis faqtobrivi
dre I-ma genaTeli mitropoliti eqvTime
Ta vis ufl ebi saT vis meb rZo li xal xi

medgrad ebrZoda mters. amitomac amie rkav kas iis sar dlo bam das avl eT
saqarTveloSi gaagzavna samxedro eqspedicia general veliaminovis xelmZRvanelobiT. mas daevala sastikad gasw or eb o da aj an y eb ul e bs , a dg i lz ev e
CamoexrCo tyveebi. marTlac, rusebma
cecxls misces da miwasTan gaaswores
soflebi, daangries cixe-simagreebi. maT
eklesiis TavisTavadobis d amcvelebi
TavdadebiT ebrZodnen (1820 wlis aprilidan ivlisamde). sabolood, rusebma gaimarjves. ermolovi mravali wlis Semdeg
werda am ambebis Sesaxeb: àmboxebuli
soflebi gavanadgureT da gadavbugeT.
baRebi da venaxebi Zirebamde avCexeT,
mravali wlis Semdegac ver aRadgendnen
moRalateebi pirvandel mdgomareobas~. 24
eklesiisa da qveynis damoukideblobisaTvis mebrZoli xalxis damarcxebis
Semdeg ruseTis xelisuflebam sastikad
dasaja aqtiuri monawileni, daxoca cixeebsa da gadasaxlebebSi. amis erTi magaliTia gelaTis saepiskoposos kuTvnili sofeli futieTi raWaSi, mitropolitTa dapatimrebis Semdeg sofelma, xalxma da samRvdeloebam, berebma, qalebma,
moxucebma da axalgazrdebma medgari
winaaRdgoma gauwies rusis jars. brZola Sedga 1820 wlis 21 maiss. rogorc
fiqroben, am erT sofelSi 2.000 kaci
daiRupa Setevis dros. 25
rogorc aRvniSneT, Sepyrobil mit-
narkv. g v. 936; 25 a. giorgob iani, s oflis simdidr e, gaz. `soflis cxovr eba:, 1991 w. , 18.XII;
jvar i vazis a, 1990 , #3, g v. 67. wyarod asaxele bs . , Rfdr fpcrfz djtyf^ n& II^ c& 699&
24
26
505
ruseTSi gadayvanis Semdeg. moelodnen,
SeiZleba daisvas kiTxva, acnobierebd-
rom saimperatoro brwyinvalebiT gaocebuli qarTveli mitropoliti miRebu-
nen Tu ara rusi xelisufalni TavianT
li wesebis Sesabamisad qebas Seasxamda

imperators, magram moxda gasaocari ram,
genaTelma eqvTimem `neroni~ uwoda `sisxlian imperat ors, rom elmac da xoca
xalxi jer 1810 wels, Semdeg ki 1819-
cia dosiTeos quTaTelisa da eqvTime
20 wlebSi, saqarTvelos daTrgunvasTan

erTad~ - ganacxada 100 wlis Semdeg
monawileobdnen diplomatiur molapar-
wmida ambrosi xelaiam. genaTeli mitropoliti, romelsac imperatorTan Sexvedris Semdeg gaTavisuflebas hpirde-
moebda ruseTis mTavrobasTan 1804-1810
bodnen, daapatimres da moaTavses peterburgidan 200 km-iT daSorebul sviris

monasterSi, sadac male 1822 wlis 21
marts gardaicvala. is mowamis SaravandediTaa Semkobili.
a n a n u r S i d o s iT e o s q u T a T e l i
dausaflavebiaT eklesiaSi yovladwmida
Rv Tism Sob lis xati s w in. xat isag an
saflavi daSorebuli yofila òr arSin
naxevriT~. 27 imJamindeli qronografebi
xSirad werdnen dosiTeosisa da eqvTimes
ruseTSi gadasaxlebis Sesaxeb, maTTvis
ucnobi yofila sikvdili dosiTeos qu-
qmedebas, hqondaT Tu ara maT informagenaTelis Sesaxeb? unda iTqavs, rom

rusi xelisufleba am mRvdelmTavrebs
kargad icnobda saqarTveloSi Semosvlis dRidanve, radganac isini xSirad
akebebSi, romelsac imereTis samefo awarwlebSi. genaTel mitropolits didad
endoboda solomon II, amitomac Tavis
warmomadgenlad niSnavda rusebTan molaparakebebis dros 1809-18 10 wlebSi,
ufro metic, eqvTime gahyva solomon
II-s TbilisSi, sadac mefe motyuebiT
daapatimres, rac, cxadia, moulodneli
iyo mRvdelmTavrisaTvis da mis motyuebasac warmoadgenda. Tbilisidan solomon
II-m moaxerxa gaqceva. `gaqcevidan erTi
kviris Semdeg, 18 10 wlis 17 maiss,
solomon II-m axalcixidan werili miswera imereTis kaTalikoss dosiTeos quTaTels, saidanac naTlad Cans, rom igi
TaTelisa. Cans, sazogadoebas umalavnen

amas. amitomac maTTvis ucnobi iyo ara
mxolod dRe mitropolitis sikvdilisa,
aramed welic, magaliTad, erTi qronika
aseTia: `1820 - genaTeli da quTaTeli
Tavisi uflebebis aRdgenisaTvis emza-
ruseTs waiyvanes da dakarges, Semoqmedis cixe mosWres da Semoqmedelebi

daswves~, 28 sxva qronika exeba TariRsac
eos quTaTeli mTel saqarTveloSi sax-
- `1820 quTaTeli da genaTeli waiyvanes

ruseTs martis mexuTe dResa, 29 e.i. 1820
wlis 5 marts mitropolitebi ruseTisaken gaugzavniaT, albaT, ramdenime dRis
quTaisis saepiskoposo kaTedra aRadgi-
Semdeg mokles moxuci mRvdelmTavari.
mtkicebis Semdeg. dosiTeoz quTaTeli
deboda~. 30 m. gonikaSvili, Cans, wyaroze

d a y rd n o b i T
`k a T a l i ko s s ~
dosiTeos quTaTels.
saerTod, unda aRiniSnos, rom dosiTelganTqmuli saeklesio moRvawe iyo. osmalTa SemosevaTa Sedegad gauqmebuli
na imereTis saeklesio krebam 1759 wels
mefe solomon I-is nebiT xresilis omSi
gamarjvebisa da saxelmwifoebriobis gan-
T. Jordania, qron ikebi, t. III, 1967, gv. 510; 28 qro nikebi, III, gv. 49 2;
gonikaSvil i, ime reTi XVIII-XIX sauk uneTa mijnaze , 1979 , gv. 170.
27
u w od e b s
29
iqve , gv. 623;
30
m.
506
episkoposis avtoriteti qveyanaSi gaizar-
movel, jer amis metaT Cem Tvalsa ara
da. 1798 wels solomon II-m mas kaTalikosoba uboZa abxaz-imerTa kaTaliko-
amebia ra, sxva adgilni, romelmac momca mxiaruleba gulisa~. 33
sis maqsimes gardacvalebis Semdeg. mefe

solomoni amis Sesaxeb werda kidec erT-
quTaTelis sasaxle gadahyurebda `vake

imereTs~. es saeklesio centri dosiT-
erTi saeklesio mamulis gujarSi: àmis

Semdgomad quTaTel mitropolits dosiTeozs kaTalikosoba vuboZeT... mamuli,
eozs mtrisagan daqceul quTaisSi augia, imereTSi erT-erT yvelaze lamaz

adgilas. TviTon imereTis silamazis
adgili, tye biWvintisa RvTismSobelisa

aris... yovelive am adgilebisa da mam-
Sesafaseblad ki SeiZleba moviyvanoT mefe

s ol o mo n I I -i s s i t yv e bi , r o ca ma s
ulebisa gamosavali kaTalikozisa mierTmeodes ucileblad yovelTa kacTa
daupires ruseTSi gadasaxleba da peterburgis sasaxleebSi dabinaveba, mefes
mier~. 31 sakaTalikosos mamulebs biWvintis RvTismSoblis qoneba ewodeboda.

quTa isi mtri s mier d angreuli iyo
sakaTedro taZarTan erTad. 120 wlis
ganucxadebia: ìmereTi RvTiuri samoTxea da erTaderTi sasaxle misi mefisaTvis. amitom Tqveni peterburgis darbazebi me ver momxiblavs~. 34 solomon
manZilze mis cixeSi mtris jari idga.

dosiTeos quTaTels gadauwyvetia aRedgina ara mxolod quTaisis saepiskoposo (eparqia), aramed gadaeqcia quTaisi
erT-erT sasuliero centrad, Seuqmnia
II-is mefobis dawyebamde, roca imereTis

saxelmwifoebrioba da saeklesio cxovreba
aRorZinda, mTelma imereTis sazogadoebam gadawyvita, uari eTqva sakuTar saxelmwifoze da gaerTianebuliyvnen erT
i q s ta m ba , T b il i s Si ru s eb i s m ie r
erovnuli centrebis da, maT Soris,
sastambo saqmis gauqmebis Semdeg 1803
samefod qarTl-kaxeTis samefosTan erTad, erT-erTi sulisCamdgmelni am ideisa iyvnen mitropolitebi. am dros mo-
wlis 15 ianvars quTaisSi daustambiaT

`saRmrTo da samRvdlo saxareba vnebis
mavali solomon II iyo 10 wlisa (jer

taxtze asuli ar iyo). ìmereTis war-
kviriakisa~ solomon II-is saxsrebiT,

dedoflis SewevniT, mitropolitTa da
Cinebulni Seikribnen da gamogzavnes

despani erekle mefesTan martSi (1789
episkoposTa kurTxeviT. 32 dosiTeoz quTaTels auSenebia quTaisSi rezidenciac. ioane bagrationi Tavis Txzuleba-
w.): dosiTeos quTaTeli, eqvTime genaTeli, sardali qaixosro wereTeli... da

sxvebi. amaT sTxoves erekles imereTis
Si q uT ai sS i Ca su l be r st um ar s
aTqmevinebs - `bers didad moewona quTaTelis saxlis mdebareoba da gardasaxedavi adgili, romelic sWvretda
dids adgils da TvalTaTvis saamo iyo.
SemoerTeba qarTl-kaxeTis samefosTan.

bevri bWobis Semdeg, darejan dedoflis
gaiqesobiT CaiSala es brwyinvale saqme~. 35
platon ioseliani wers, rom kaTalikosi anton II, mRvdelmTavrebi, Ta-
berman moaxsena: yovlad samRvdelo mitropolito, ra imereTis adgilebSi Se-
vadebi, sardalni, saxlTuxucesni, mdivanbegni qarTl-kaxeTisa, imerel dip-
T. Jordan ia, qr onikeb i, II, gv. 4 8; 32 qro nikebi, III, gv. 460; 33 i. bagrat ioni, k almaso ba, t. II,
1991, gv. 386; 34 mRv delmon azoni anton mTawmideli, ilarion qarTve lis cx ovreba, 1993, gv. 14; 35
qron ikebi, III, gv. 404.
31
507
lomatebTan erTad iTxovdnen gaerTianebas.
ìmereTSi saeklesio ajanyebad~ cno-
dedofali winaaRmdegi iyo. `quTaTeli

da genaTeli, abaSiZe da sxvani despanni
bili movlena sinamdvileSi warmoadgenda saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis

dasacavad mimarTul saxalxo protests. 38
sabolood, ruseTis xelisuflebam
mainc Caatara `saeklesio reforma~ dasav-
mouTxrobdes dedofals imereTis mdgomareobasa da sruliad daRupvasa, ukueTu ar moxdeba erToba qarTvelTa Tana~. 36
am elCobas Sedegad mohyva 1790 wels
erTobis traqtatis dadeba `zemo iveriis~ (anu qarTl-kaxeTis samefosa) da
`qvemo iveriis~ (e.i. imereTis, samegrelosa da guriis samefo-samTavros) saxelmwifoebriv erTeulTa Soris. imereTis taxtze ki avida solomon II.
yovelive zemoT CamoTvlilisa da
sxvaTa gamo, cxadia, rusulma xelisuflebam kargad icoda dosiTeoz quTaTelisa da eqvTime genaTelis vinaoba da
mniSvneloba saqarTvelosaTvis. wmida aRmsarebeli kaTalikos-patriarqi ambrosi
xelaia siamayiT acxadebda rusul-bolSevikuri sasamarTlos winaSe: `gansakuTrebi T a Rs ani Sna vi a r use bi s d asa vl eT
saqarTveloSi damkvidrebis xana XIX sis dasawyisSi. am dros eklesiis da xalxis damcvelebad gamodian quTaTeli da
genaTeli da xalxis ajanyebas saTaveSi
udgebian. orive gaagzavnes ruseTisaken,
magram mxolod genaTelma eqvTimem CaaRwia novRorodSi, sadac is unda daebinavebinaT. imperatorma aleqsandre I-ma
moisurva misi naxva, Caiyvanes peterburgSi. imperatorma didi zeimiT da
pativiT miiRo, magram amisaTvis eqvTime
genaTeli ar moerida emxilebina imperatori saqarTvelos eklesiisa da eris
Tavisuflebis warTmevisaTvis, samSoblos
damcvelebis wamebisaTvis. mas uwoda axali neroni~. 37
le T sa qarT velo Si. gaa uqme s sa mRvdelmTavro kaTedrebi. cxris nacvlad

datoves sami (imereTSi, guriasa da odiSSi). es reforma axla ukve frTxilad,
wlebis manZilze grZeldeboda.
ruseTis mier saqarTvelos eklesiis
avtokefaliis gauqmebis Sedegad, SeibRala ara mxolod eklesiis TavisTavadoba, aramed qarTulma eklesiam saukunod dakarga sazogadoebasa da saxelmwi foSi is mdg oma reo ba d a a dgil i,
romelic misTvis tradiciuli iyo IV
s-dan XIX s-mde.
qarTul eklesias rusulma xelisuflebam CamoarTva mTeli qoneba, mamulebi, saxlebi, saeklesio glexebi, aznaurebi. rogorc aRiniSna, XIX s-is 50-ian
wlebSi ruseTis saxelmwifo xazinas
gadaeca 150 milion oqros maneTad Sefasebuli qarTuli eklesiis qoneba da
masTan erTad TiTqmis naxevar milion
desetinamde miwa.
Zvelad wmidanad Seracxva xdeboda
mTeli morwmune sa zogadoebis mier,
bagrat batoniSvilis gadmocemiT, 4 piri,
romelTac imereTis mefe solomon II-es
daxmareba gauwies gaqcevis dros, rusebma
daxvrites. òTxive daasaflaves avlabarSi, mindorze, romelTa saflavTa zeda
daadgaT naTeli zegardmo da Seiracxnen wmidaTa Soris~. 39 maTi gvarebi yofila
avTandilaSvili (avTandilovi), pentelaS-
cxo vreba g iorgi mecamet isa, qarTuli mwerloba, 1995, gv. 21; 37 a. xelaia, `me Sev asrule Cemi
mo vale ob a~, J ur n. `mn aT obi~, 1988, #10, g v. 27; 38 kirion is s it yv a 19 06 wlis pe te rb ur gis
saek lesio s aTaTbir o sxdomaze, jv ari vazisa, 1990, #3, gv. 60; 39 d. da b. batoniSvilebis isto ria,
gv. 106, wignidan , m. r exviaSv ili, imereTis samef o XVIII s.-Si, gv. 292.
36
508
vili (pentelovi), falavandiSvili (falavandovi) da murasaSvili (murasovi).
mefisaTvis Tavdadebuli es wmidanebi
dauxvretiaT `TofiTa avlabris riyesa
zeda~ 1810 wlis 30 dekembers, paraskevs.
policmeisteri TumaniSvili (Tumanovi)
werda: `mebrZana wina Rames, raTa damesxmevina riyezed oTxi boZni da mas zeda misakvreni Tokni da TvalTa sakvrelni samoselni da agreTve mRvdeli Cvenis berZeni~
(e.i. marTlmadidebeli). 40
rogorc aRiniSna, isini avlabarSi
dausaflavebiaT mindorze. mematianis cnobiT, saflavebs zegadrmo naTeli dadgomia da isini wmidaTa Soris Seracxulan. cxadia, rusul sinods ar gamoutania dadgenileba maTi wmidanad Seracxvis Sesaxeb, aramed mTeli sazogadoebis azri dajerebuli yofila, rom
mefisaTvis Tavdadebulni wmidanebad Seiracxnen (qarTuli sazogadoebisaTvis
Tavdadebuli ioTam zedginiZe, romelmac mosaklavad gamzadebuli mefis sa-
40
qro nikebi, III, gv. 4 74.
wolSi Cawva, wmidani iyo. axla ki, XIX
s-Si mefisaTvis Tavdadebuli `TabukaSvili~, romelic solomon II-is sawolSi
Cawva da mefe sircxvilsa da sikvdils
gadaarCina, ruseTis xelisuflebam cimbirSi gadaasaxla, sxvebTan erTad).
zemoaRniSnulTa darad, qarTul eklesias XIX s-sa da XX s-is dasawyisSi
wmidanad miaCnda dosiTeos quTaTeli da
eqvTime genaTeli. es Cans kaTalikospatriarq leonidesa da wmida ambrosis
nawerebidan. dosiTeosma da eqvTimem Tavi
dades, sicocxle Seswires saqarTvelosa
da saqarTveloSi Cveni uflis da macxovris ieso qristes eklesiis Tavisuflebas. maTi Rvawli imis Semdeg ufro
ga mo Cnd a, r ac qa rTu li e kle si is
damoukideblobis mospobis Semdeg rusulma eklesiam ver moaxerxa qarTuli samwysos movla, Cakla masSi mgznebare da
mxurvale siyvaruli qristianobisa da
eklesiisa, rasac mudamJams aRniSnavdnen qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis momxreebi XX s-is dasawyisSi.
509
avtokefaluri moZraobis Casaxva

1819-1820 wlebis imereTis cnobili
mkvlelobiT, amiT aRSfoTebuli rusi eg-
`saeklesio ajanyebis~ CaxSobis Semdeg
zarqosis mrisxanebas mohyva dimitri yi-
qarTuli eklesiisadmi yovelgvari mzrunvelobis gamovlenas ruseTis imperia

represiebiT pasuxobda. gansakuTrebiT
fianis gadasaxleba da mokvla. qarTveli sazogadoebisaTvis naTeli gaxda, rom

eklesiis qarTveli meTauri ar ikadreb-
1832 wlis SeTqmulebis Semdeg, romlis
da imas, rac qarTvelTa mimarT eklesi-
erT-erTi umTavresi ideologebi beri

filadelfos kiknaZe da sasuliero wode-
is rusma meTaurma ikadra. qarTveli kaTalikosi sanatrel mogonebad warmoCnda
bis wridan gamosuli solomon dodaSvili iyvnen. represiaTa SiSiT daTrgunu-
(SeiZleba SevadaroT, rom sazogadoebrivi azri XIX s-is dasawyisSi arc Tu
li s az oga do eb a q ar Tu li ek le si is
TavisTavadobis gauqmebasa da rusTa saxelmwifos mier 1850 wels misi mrvalmilioniani qonebis (mamulebis, yma glex-
Rirseulad moixseniebda kaTalikosebs da

bolo kaTalikos anton II-is saeklesio
wesrigs, mas qaosSi adanaSaulebdnen).
qarTuli enisa da saerTod yovelive
ebis) misakuTrebas, sruli dumiliT Sex-
q a r T ul i s d e v n a -S e v i w r o e b is
vda. qarTvelobas sabolood gaagebines,

rom yofili qarTuli eklesia ruseTis
kanonebis Sesabamisad saxelmwifos xe-
(ianovsk-vostorgovis msgavsi rusi moxele-samRvdeloebis mier) erovnul enasa

da eklesias TavdadebiT qomagobdnen da
lSi iyo moqceuli.
TavganwirviT patronobdnen qarTveli
ruseTis eklesiis sinodi daubrkoleblad, qarTvelTagan ukiTxavad Wrida

saqarTvelos saegzarqosos yovel sak-
episkoposebi _ wmida gabriel qiqoZe,

aleqsandre oqropiriZe da sxvebi. sazogad oeba Tan daTan rw mundeba, rom
iTxs. qarTvelobas, rogorc zogierTi
qarTvelobisa da erovnuli sarwmunoeb-
cnobidan Cans, fiqradac ar modioda

eklesiuri damoukideblobis aRdgenis
is patron-qomagi momavalSi unda yofiliyo qarTuli eklesia, misi sulieri
SesaZlebloba. magram, miuxedavad amisa,
mamebi, iseve, rogorc iyo warsulSi.
TiTqmis yovelTvis (gansakuTrebiT ki XIX

s-is 70-iani wlebidan) sazogadoebrivi
azris yoveli moZraoba saqarTvelos
eklesiis sakiTxs moulodnelad amoativ-
yovelive aman da agreTve qvemoT ganxilulma sakiTxebma, Seqmna sazogadoebrivi Tvalsazrisis foni, rom qarTuli
eklesiis sakiTxi uTuod unda mogvare-
tivebda xolme, rac udides `dabrkolebis

lods~ warmoadgenda xelisuflebisaTvis.
buliyo, magram rogor, aravin icoda.

rogorc Cans, misi damoukideblobis aRd-
magaliTad, rodesac rusma xelisuflebam gadawyvita qarTveli eris danaw-
gena mxolod CurCulis sagans warmoadgenda. avtokefaliis sakiTxis pirdapir
evrebis mizniT samegrelos skolebidan

qarTuli enis gandevna, saqme damTavrda
wamoyenebas nikoloz durnovos uSiSarma werilebmac misca biZgi. nikoloz
sasuliero seminariis reqtor Cudeckis
durnovo iyo slavofili, mowinaaRmdege
dros
510
petre I-is Semdgomi ruseTis mowyobisa
amierkavkasiis eparqiebSi misi mmarTvelo-
da momxre petremdeli viTarebis aRdgenisa. slavofilebs surdaT ruseTSi
bis keTilnayofierebis dasamtkiceblad,

rasac qarTveli samRvdeloebac eTanxme-
eklesiis marTvis sinodaluri wesis

g au qm eb a, pa tr ia r qo bi s in s ti tu ti s
aRdgena. saerTod slavofilebs didi
boda, yovladsamRvdelo kirionis wignSi `saqarTvelos eklesiis mokle istoria XIX saukuneSi~ damowmebuli aris,
rom saqarTvelos SeerTebas ruseTTan
mohyva daqveiTebaSi myof qarTvelTa saek-
mxardaWera hqondaT ruseTis

wreebSi, TviTon n. durnovo
ekuTvnoda, iyo profesori da
gan saqmeTa ministrisa. igi,
umaRles
am wres
Zma Sinarogorc
vTqviT, uSiSrad akritikebda sinodaluri

sistemis muSaobas ruseTSi, da imperiis
nawil saqarTveloSi. qarTuli eklesiis
avbedobisaTvis igi pasuxismgeblobas
miawerda ara ruseTs, aramed sinods.
n. durnovos rolis Sesaxeb kirionma
Semdegi ganacxada T. Jordanias saflavze èqvsi weli vswavlobdiT seminariaSi erTad da Semdeg akademiis damTavrebisa sxvadasxva asparezze mogvixda samsaxuri... iseTi Zneli dro iyo maSin,
rom avtokefaliaze mxolod CurCuliT
lesio cxovrebis aRorZineba~. 42

maSasadame, kirioni wignSi `saqarTvelos eklesiis mokle istoria XIX saukuneSi~ miiCnevda, rom rusTa mmarTvelobis dros qarTuli eklesiis cxovreba
aRorZinda. aseTi mosazreba araa gasakviri.
msgavsad fiqrobda qarTvel sasuliero
pirTa da saerTod qarTvelTa sakmaod
didi nawili XX s-mde, amis dasturad
moviyvanT ioane xelaSvilis, cnobili
sasuliero piris Tvalsazriss. unda iTqvas, rom kaTalikos-patriarq leonides,
romelmac pasuxi gasca ruseTis patriarq tixonis epistoles, didi Sroma
laparaki SegveZlo. gamoCnda ruseTSi

RvTisnieri da patiosani adamiani n. n.
durnovo, romelic qadagebda Cveni eklesiis avtokefaliazed. Cvenc amovudeqiT mas mxarSi da SevudeqiT saqmes~. 41
sxvaTa Soris, imis Sesaxeb, rom rusul
saeklesio mmarTvelobas saqarTveloSi
winaaRmdegobas ar uwevdnen - wers ruseTis patriarqi tixonic. man ruseTSi patriarqobis aRdgenis Semdeg 1918 wels
epistoleTi mimarTa qarTuli eklesiis
meTaurs, romelSic kerZod naTqvami yofi-
dasWirda imis saCveneblad, rom kirioni s a R n i Sn u l i T v a l s a z r is i r u s T a

mmarTvelobis dros qarTuli eklesiis
aRorZinebis Sesaxeb, sinamdvileSi war-
la: `saqarTvelos SeerTeba ruseTTan

erTi sazogado saeklesio mmarTvelobis
qveS mTeli saukunis manZilze araviTar
winaaRmdegobas ar iwvevda, sinodis gankargulebaSi imyofeba mravali sabuTi
ovdes, rom yovladsamRvdelo kirionis

zemonaCveneb wignakSi gamoTqmuli Sexeduleba srulebiT ara hgulisxmobs mTeli qarTveli samRvdeloebis azrsac,
moadgenda qarTvelTa damaxasiaTebel e.w.

`sadRegrZelo sityvas~. leonide werda
tixons kirionis aRniSnuli wignis Sesaxeb
- `maRal avtors zemodasaxelebul wignSi
gamoTqmuli azrebi Semdgom araerTgzis
uaruyvia. 43 warsulSi Cveni cxovrebis
pirobebi TiTqmis SeuZlebels xdida simarTlis weras. amasTanave, unda gvaxs-
rogorc Sens uwmidesobas hgonia, es
sae klesio kalen dari, 1998, gv. 39 1; 42 jvari vaz isa, #3, 1990, gv. 66;
ghtl cj,jhyj uj ghbcencndbz& 1906^ N& III^ c& 35&
41
43
:ehyfk pfctl fybz
srulebiT SeuZlebelia, radganac netarxsenebuli avtoris Sexeduleba mudam
dagmobili iyo qarTveli samRvdeloebis
mier. saqarTvelos egzarqosebic ki ar
iziarebdnen xsenebuli avtoris azrs.
rodesac mTavarepiskoposi platoni gaecno saqarTvelos eklesiis mdgomareobas,
pirdapir CaTvala igi tragizmiT aRsavsed
da ganadgurebisaken mimavlad~. 44
axla vnaxoT, ras werda cnobili
moZRvari ioane xelaSvili qarTuli eklesiisa da samRvdeloebis yofis gaumjobesebis Sesaxeb rusTa mmarTvelobis
dros. igi 1819-1820 wlebis ajanyebis
monawiles, arxangelskSi gadasaxlebul
(saldaTad msaxurobiT dasjil) Tavad
niko iaSvils 1826 wels werda: `drosa
Tqvensa, visaca moukvdebodes cocxali,
egoden mkvdarsa ara tirodnen, raodensaca
Wirisufalni moelodnen aklebasa samRvdeloTagan. xolo awindelsa Jamsa
nebiTa zeda patronisasa ars damokidebul damarxva mkvdrisa. egreTve eklesiebi
yovelive [aRivso] jvriTa, xatebiTa, SesamoslebiTa... Tavadni, aznaurni da erni
uSiSroben urTierTisagan... aqvsT oqrovan i sau kuno . Tav adni, azn aurni da
mRvdelni SvilTa TvisTa aswaveben Rramatikasa, ritorebasa, loRikasa, metafizikasa, fizikasa, iTikasa, ReoRrafiasa,
msoflio istoriasa, samxedro fortikaciasa da enebsa evropiisasa~. 45 mRvdel
ioane xelaSvilis azriT, `ruseTTan
SeerTebam saqarTvelos moutana materialuri kulturis asparezze winsvla
(`ganZRomiTa da SemosiTa, saxlTa aRm ar T vi T a s am s a d a o Tx Zg i de d d a
sarTulebad~), qalaqebisa da soflebis
gaSeneba, ùSiSroeba sparsTa, TurqTa
jvari vazisa, 1990 , #3, g v. 68-69;
gv. 181; 47 iqv e, gv. 218.
44
45
511
da lekTagan~, agreTve ganaTleba da àyvaveba sibrZniTa, mecnierebiTa~. 46

aseTi iyo oficialuri, Semdgom samR v d e lo d a s a e r o p i r T a S e fa s e b a
sa qarT velo Si ruse Tis sae kles io
mmarTvelobisa. am Tvalsazriss XIX s-is
bolosaTvis emxroboda umravlesoba.
r us e Ti s m sg a vs a d k eT i lm ow y ob i li ,
sufTad garemontebuli (ZiriTadad kiriT SeTeTrebuli) taZrebi, samRvdeloebis ase Tu ise socialuri uzrunvelyofa
da sxva iwvevda kmayofilebas, magram
TandaTanobiT mozRvavda SefasebaTa meore nakadi. igi gansakuTrebiT gamoiTqva
ruseTTan saqarTvelos e.w. `SeerTebis~
me-100 wlisTavTan dakavSirebiT. rogorc
vTqviT, saqarTveloSi ganxorcielebulma imperiis aSkarad daufaravma gamarusebelma politikam Caafiqra qarTveloba eklesiis yofis Sesaxebac. es kargad Cans
ruseTis ministrTa komitetis Tavmjdomarisadmi `yvela wodebis da xelobis~ pirTa mier gagzavnili peticiidan, romelSic sxvadasxva erovnul sakiTxTan erTad ganxilulia rusuli saxelmwifos
qmedebani qarTuli eklesiis mimarT. kerZod, `mTavrobam gandevna qarTuli ena
skolebidan... man gandevna qarTuli ena
eklesiidan da amiT qarTveli xalxis sarwmunoebrivi grZnoba Seuracxyo~. peticiaSi sxvadasxva moTxovnaTa gverdiT erTerTi exeba eklesias - `saqarTvelos yovel kuTxeSi RvTismsaxureba sruldebodes
qarTul enaze, qarTvelebisaTvis ar unda
iyos dabrkoleba saegzarqosoSi umaRlesi adgilebis misaRebad (igulisxmeboda
egzarqosad qarTvelis daniSvna), samrevlo skolebSi da sasuliero saswavleblebSi moispos gamarusebeli politika~
da sxva. 4 7
s. kakabaZ e, qar Tveli x alxis istoria, 1997, gv. 128;
46
iq ve,
512
peticiaSi moTxovna `saqarTvelos
boda leTargiuli Zilis mdgomareoba.
yovel kuTxeSi RvTismsaxureba sruldebodes qarTul enaze~ gamowveuli iyo

xelisufalTa mier samegrelos eklesiebidan qarTuli enis gamoZevebis survilis sapirispirod.
àrsaidan xma, arsiT Zaxili... rosRa

gveRirsos Cven gaRviZeba~ - ase afasebda imJamindel sazogadoebriv yofas wmida
ilia marTali.
sazogadoeba gamoaRviZa gamoCenil
amasTanave, wuxdnen qarTveli axalgazrda inteligentebic, rogorc l. tolstoisadmi gagzavnili werilidan Cans,
kerZod ruseTis mTavrobam `Selaxa
qarTvelTa SeZaxilebma, rom ruseTis xelisufleba apirebda qarTveli eris daSla-daqucmacebas da qarTuli enis mospobas. igi ar dakmayofilda yovelg-
uflebebi qarTuli enis da yvelafris,

rac am enasTan iyo dakavSirebuli da
agreTve saqarTvelos eklesiisa. asi wlis
sigrZeze ruseTis mTavroba cdilobda
w ae Sa la q ar Tv el i x al xi s sa xe d a
qarTvelebi xelovnurad da Zalad gadaeqcia rusebad... gaitaca da gaZarcva
qarTuli monastrebi, aRkrZala wirvalocvis Sesruleba mosaxleobisaTvis
gasageb mSobliur enaze da bolos TviT
qarTuli enac gandevna saeklesio samrevlo skolebidanac ki~. 48
qarTveli samRvdeloeba, Sefiqrianeb-
vari qarTuli erovnuli institutis, maT

Soris, eklesiis gauqmeba-garusebiT, axla
TviT qarTveli eris daufaravi garuseba
da amisaTvis yovelgvari ukadrisi xerxis gamoyeneba daiwyo. erT-erTi aseTi
iyo samegrelos eklesiebidan da skolebidan
qarTuli enis gandevnis mcdeloba.
qarTuli enisa da saerTod erovnul
minimalur saWiroebaTa dasacavad yovladsamRvdelo episkoposi gabrieli XIX
s-is 70-ian, 80-ian wlebSi uSiSrad gamodioda egzarqos evsevisa da rus gavlenian samoqalaqo pirTa - ianovskis, za-
uli eklesiis yofiT, cdilobda qarTuli eklesiis istoriis SeswavliT warmoeCina misi yofili sidiade da mniSvneloba. magram istoriis Seswavlis
gasaRebic ruseTis mTavrobis xelSi iyo,
amitomac isargebla 1901 wlis 12 ianvars saqarTvelos ruseTTan `SeerTeb-
vadskisa, da sxvaTa winaaRmdeg, kicxavda maT politikas, mimarTuls imisaken,

raTa eklesia gadaeqciaT rusifikatorul
zraxvaTa iaraRad, rogorc cnobilia,
isini devnidnen sasuliero skolebSi
qarTvelobas, arbevdnen qarTul saeklesio siwmideebs, sinodi ki saqarTveloSi
is~ saiubileo TariRiT da imperatorsa

da uwmides sinods mimarTa TxovniT, raTa
sankt-peterburgis sasuliero akademiis
kaTedraze gaxsniliyo qarTuli eklesiis istoriis ganyofileba.
savaraudoa, rom Tu ara dimitri yifianis, episkopos gabrielisa da sxvaTa
Tavdadeba, romelTac Caafiqres qarTveloba eklesiis yofis Sesaxeb, albaT sazogadoebaSi kidev didxans gagrZelde-
niSnavda iseT rus mRvdelmTavrebsa da

moZRvrebs, romelTac ar esmodaT samwysos ena, zne-Cveulebani, xalxis suli
da xasiaTi, werda ruseTis patriarq
tix ons p atria rqi le onide . wya rod
uTiTebda vinme tonkmelisis avtorobiT
gamosul wigns (Ghfdlf j, fdnjrtafkbb
uhepbycrjq wthrdb)& rusebma miaRwies
imas, rom qarTvelobas CamoarTves da
gaaruses bodbis, axtalis, biWvinTis,
48
s. kakabaZe, qar Tveli xalxis istoria, 1997 , gv. 210.
513
drandis, simon kananelis, moqvis, safa-
bani~, daicva SiomRvimis monasteri garu-
ris monastrebi. marTalia, isini bolo

xans faqtobrivad mitovebuli iyvnen
qarTvelTa mier, magram maTSi erTi-ori
qarTveli beri Tu xucesi mainc trialebda da mosaxleobis TvalSi isini
sebisagan, saTaveSi Caudga mis aRdgenagamSvenebas, gamosca misi istoriuli

sabuTebi, iRvwoda samegrelos samrevlo skolebSi qarTuli enis uflebaTa
dacvisaTvis, amitomac igi guria-samegre-
qarTvelobis, qarTuli qristianobis

udidesi kerebi iyvnen. axla ki, aRniSnuli monastrebi iseT rus berTa xelSi
aRmoCndnen, romelTaTvisac qarTveloba
los saepiskoposo kaTedridan gadaayenes

da mis nacvlad daniSnes qarTveli renegati episkoposi da `fsiqopaTologiurad
yvelaferi qarTulis mteri~ dimitri
iseve miuRebeli iyo, rogorc mahmadianoba. qarTvelobis udidesi Zveli centrebi, monastrebi antiqarTul sabudrebad
gadaiqca.
rogorc ilia marTali ambobda, episkoposi gabrieli `qristes jvriT xelSi
TavdadebiT idga Cveni enis mwed da
mfarvelad~. XIX s-is pirvel naxevarSi
saqarTvelos oficialur skolebSi qarTuli ena savaldebulo sagnad iTvleboda.
1872 wlis Semodgomidan seminariebsa da
sxva sasuliero saswavleblebSi gauqmda qarTuli enis swavleba, 1875 wlidan
abaSiZe. 49 igi xelisuflebas Txovda,

qarTuli ena aekrZala ara marto samegreloSi, aramed mTeli saqarTvelos saeklesio skolebSi. TiTqosda qarTuli literatura savse iyo RvTsmgmobeli da separatistuli azrebiT. es moxda XX s-is
dasawyisSi, magram samegreloSi aRniSnuli procesi daiwyo saswavlo olqis
ufross ianovskis dros XIX s-is bolo
aTwleulebSi. ianovskis survili qarTuli
enis amogdebis Sesaxeb saswavlo procesidan pedagogiuri dasabuTebiT sastikad gaakritikes qarTvelma moRvaweeb-
seminariaSi aikrZala saqarTvelos istoria, 1885 wlidan ianovskis mier gamoqveynebuli cirkulariT qarTuli ena
ganidevna skolebidan. 1880-iani wlebidan
egzarqosma pavlem seminariebSi akrZala qarTuli sasuliero da saero literaturis swavleba, daiTxova qarTveli
ma, axla man xelze daixvia is garemoeba, rom salaparako svanuri da megruli
dialeqtebi gansxvavdebodnen literaturuli qarTulisagan da gadawyvita qarTuli enis srulebiT gandevna samegrelosa
da svaneTis skolebidan. am miznisaTvis
man gamoiyena ruseTSi xelisufalTa
maswavleblebi.
episkoposi yovladsamRvdlo aleqsandre oqropiriZe 80-iani wlebidan TavdebiT qomagobda qarTul enas peterburgel
da sxva rus didmoxeleTa winaSe, sakuTari xarjiT gamosca im droisaTvis
uaRresad saWiro wignebi sulxan-saba
orbelianis `qarTuli leqsikoni~, da
anton kaTalikosis `mza-metyveleba~, ambrosi nekreselis `sityvani da moZRvre-
dakveTiT gamocemuli wigni, romelSic

dasabuTebuli iyo, rom megruli iyo ara
dialeqti qarTuli enisa, aramed TavisTavadi ena. iqa mde, uZv elesi dr oidan
qarTveloba miiCnevda, rom saqarTveloSi arsebuli eTnojgufebis salaparako
enebi iyvnen dialeqtebi erTiani qarTuli enisa, warmoqmnilni droTa viTarebaSi mterTa SemoseviTa da istoriul
kataklizmaTa gamo, erTiani qarTuli enis
49
514
daSla-danawevrebis Sedegad, e.i. imeru-
yovelTvis SesaniSnavad flobdnen qar-
li, kaxuri, mesxuri, fSauri, xevsuruli, svanuri, megruli, guruli da sxva
Tul saliteraturo enas, am mxriv xSirad kidec sjobnidnen qarTul tomTa war-
salaparako kiloebi miiCneodnen erTiani

qarTuli enis dialeqtebad an kilokavebad, amitomac werda vaxuSti vTqvaT
megrelTa Sesaxeb - àqvsT Tvisica ena,
garna wamxdari qarTulive~, aseTive
momadgenlebs~.
saerTod samegreloSi, iseve, rogorc
mTel saqarTveloSi zeda fena anu aznaurebi (megrulad zinosqua aznauriSvilebi) dabali fenisagan `margalebisa-
azrisa iyo sulxan-saba orbelianic sityva `JRurtulis~ ganmartebis dros
gan~ Tavis Tavs mijnavdnen sxvadasxva

saSualebebiT, salaparako eniTac ki _
igi ambobs - `JRurtuli aris megrelTa

mrudi laparaki~.
XIX s-is bolosa da XX s-is da-
zinosquebis saojaxo, sasaubro ena, ise

rogorc samegrelos sasuliero wodebis ena, iyo daxvewili (e.i. saliter-
sawyisSi rusul mecnierebaSi `ganswav-
aturo) qarTuli ena, xolo glexebis
lulma~ pirebma `mecnieruli~ kvlevebiT

iwyes mtkiceba, rom Zveli (e.i. uswavleli) qarTvelebi arasworni iyvnen
megruli kilos igive qarTulad miCnev-
ena miaCndaT am saliteraturo qarTuli enis dauxvewav socialur sametyvel o f o r ma d . a m i to m a c r u se T a md e l

samegreloSi glexebis `margalebis~ ena
is gamo (yfpsdfz tuj bcrf;tyysv uhepbycrbv) da rom megruli TavisTavadi

e na a. i . g og eb a Sv il m a ma T u pa su xa :
`megrelTa tomi qarTul enas yovelTvis
arasodes ar miuCneviaT mTeli samegrelos sasaubro, anda saliteraturo enad.

aq, rogorc iTqva da rogorc miuTiTebs
umdidresi epigrafikuli masala, sxva
Tvlida Tavis ZiriTad mSoblur enad

(deda-enad), xolo Tavis adgilobriv
dialeqts, rogorc mSobliur kilos~.
iakob gogebaSvilis dakvirvebiT, is-
mraval dokumentebTan erTad saxalxo,

saqveyno enas qarTuli ena warmoadgenda, Tumca ki administraciulad, rogorc gogebaSvilic aRniSnavs, samegre-
toriul warsulSi samegrelo, rogorc

sxva kuTxeebi, xSirad damoukideblad
arsebobda, aseT pirobebSic ki igi yovelTvis warmoadgenda zogadqarTuli
kulturis, mwerlobis, literaturis
lo xSirad TavisTavadobiT sargeblobda, msgavsad saqarTvelos sxva feodaluri samTavroebisa.

ruseTis gabatonebis Semdeg samegrelos Tavad-aznauroba Camoaciles saqveyno
uZveles centrs, imis gamo, rom TviT

samegreloSive saukuneTa manZilze qarTuli ena deda enad miaCndaT, megruli
(samegrelos) mmarTvelobas. amitomac,

sasuliero wodeba iqca samegreloSi
sa erTo -sa xalx o, anu qar Tul i en is
ki mis erT-erT kilod. igi werda `megrelebs advilad SeeZloT literaturulad gancalkevebuliyvnen, radgan
maTi samSoblo Zalian xSirad sarge-
mtvirTvelad, eklesiebSi Zveleburadve

qarTul enaze iyo gaCaRebuli wirvalocva, am mizezTa gamo rusulma xelisuflebam gadawyvita, rogorme samegre-
blobda politikuri damoukideblobiT

da sakuTar beds TviTonve ganagebda.
metic, ase Tu ise ganaTlebuli megrelebi
los eklesiebidan gaeZevebina qarTuli.

ruseTis saxalxo ganaTlebis saministrosadmi daqvemdeba rebulma kavkasiis
515
saswavlo olqis mzrunvelma ianovskim
igi imperator aleqsandre III-is gankar-
gadawyvita sruli gamodevna samegrelosa

da svaneTis skolebidan qarTuli enis,
anbanisa da mwignobrobisa. dasavleT
saqarTvelos Tavad-aznauroba daadga
qarTuli enis dacvis gzas da airCia
winamZRolad (1885-8 6) dimitri yifiani.
man wamoiwyo brZola ianovskis winaaRm-
gulebiT gadayenebuli iqna quTaisis guberniis TavadaznaurTa winamZRolis Tana md e b ob i da n da ga d as a x le b ul i qn a

stavropolSi (1886 w. oqtomberi), sadac mZarcvelebma mokles erTi wlis
deg. es gamwvavebuli brZola Sewyda peterburgis Carevis Semdeg. imperatoris

saxeliT yifians SeniSvna gamoucxades.
s. kakabaZe wers: àm dros sakmaod blomad iyvnen Tbilisis seminariidan ara
ke Ti l- sa im edo m iz ez iT da Tx ov ni li
qarTveli axalgazrdani. maT Soris iyvnen
narodnikuli ideebiT ganmsWvalulni pirnic. maTSi gaCnda azri moeklaT mzrunveli ianovski, egzarqosi pavle anda
Tbilisis seminariis reqtori dek.
Cudecki. pirveli oris mokvla ar moeswro
an ar moxerxda. rodesac imave wris
monawilem axalgazrda ioseb laRiaSvilma
xanjliT mokla seminariis reqtori Cudecki (1886 wlis maisSi). mokluli Cudeckis gasvenebaze Tbilisis sionis taZarSi egzarqosma pavlem mTavarmarTeblis da maRal mdgomareobis pirTa TandaswrebiT Tqva sityva, romelSic wyevliT moixsenia is wre-garemo, saidanac
Cndeba laRiaSvilisTana adamianebio. sityva, maSin arsebul daZabul mdgomareobis gamo, gagebul iqna rogorc qarTveli
xalxis mimarT warmoTqmuli wyevla.
qarTveloba TbilisSi da yvelgan moicva mi Tqm a- moT qma m. dim itr i yif ian ma
moswera wyromiT savse werili eqzarqos pavles da moTxova mas, rogorc
qarTveli xalxis damawyevars, saqarTvelodan wasvla~. 50 xelisuflebis mier
yifianis azri CaiTvala ciliswamebad.
50
Semdeg. 1887 wlis 8 noembers dakrZales TbilisSi, mamadaviTze, didad pativcemuli qarTvelTa mier. miuxedavad
aseTi msxverplisa, xelisuflebas ar
Seuwyvetia samegreloSi qarTuli enis
winaaRmdeg brZola, Tumca ramdenadme
Senelebulad, frTxilad. axla amjobines am saqmis iniciatorad adgilobrivi
mkvidrebi warmoeCinaT. aseTi iyo yalbi
sabuTebis SedgenaSi daxelovnebuli vinme
aSordia, romelmac 1889 w. rusuli anbanis mixedviT `SeTxza~ megruli anbani, xolo episkopos dimitri abaSiZis
darad renegati qarTveli cudi saxelis
mqone zogierT samRvdelo pirebs megrulad aTargmninebda qristianuli RvTismsaxurebis teqstebs (1888 w.) am wamowyebis gamo gaz. ìveria~ 18 8 9 wlis
dasawyisSi werda: àm mamaT oRond TavianTi faruli azri saqmed aqcion da
amas ki ar daeZeben, rom eris religiur
grZnobas Selaxaven da SebRalaven. am
ociode wlis winad mTargmnelTa gundma
kidevac gadaiRo megrulze wirva-locva, magram rodesac eklesiaSi gaisma
`Wkvianuro-genimodirTio~ xalxma igriala da lanZRva ginebiT gamovarda eklesiidan~. 5 1
s. kakabaZe wers - `TviT megrelebis
didi umetesoba mTavrobis am politikis
winaaRmdegi iyo. marTlac, imave wlis
aprilSi daba axalsenakSi samegrelos
samRvdeloebis krebam uaryo megrulad
wirva-locvis SemoReba eklesiebSi da
s. kakabaZ e, qar Tveli x alxis istoria, 1997, gv. 20 4;
51
iqv e, gv. 205.
516
sasuliero mTavrobis sayuradRebod aRni-
man Zalian moiwadina qarTuli enis
Sna Tavis dadgenilebaSi, rom megrulad

wirva-locvis daweseba gamoiwvevs xalxSi
akrZalva, peterburgSic gaagzavna moTxovna am sakiTxze, magram mis mondomebas

win aRudga samegrelos sazogadoeba.
`x se neb uli s asw av leb li s q arT ve li
(megreli) moswavleebi gadaWriT am dad-
mwvaleblobaso. aseT dadgenilebaTa gamo

megruli wirva-locvis sakiTxi samegrelos eklesiebSi dasawyisSive CaiSala.
megruli wirva-locvis gagonebac ki xalxs
ar undoda. damaxasiaTebelia, magaliTad,
aseTi faqti, 1911 wels sofel walenjixaSi mRvdelma kalandiam qarTulad
Sesrulebul wirvaSi gauria ramdenime
asamaRlebeli megrulad, ramac aRaSfoTa iq damswreni. wirvis gaTavebisTanave
xalxma scema mRvdels, imdenad sastikad,
rom cemaSi monawileTa gamosarkvevad
xelisuflebis mier gagzavnili iqna zugdidis mazris gamomZiebeli~. 52
amis miuxedavad, mTavroba mainc cdilobda samegrelos skolebidan qarTulis gamoZevebas, 1887 wels Seecadnen
axalsenakis saTavadaznauro skolaSi
qarTulis nacvlad megrulis SemoRebas,
rac ver SeZles. 1892 wels gamosces
rusuli enis saxelmZRvanelo `megruli
skolebisaTvis~, 1899 wels TbilisSi gamosces rusuli anbanis safuZvelze Seqmnili megruli sakiTxavi wigni, 1902
wels saegzarqosos saeklesio skolebis
meTvalyured dek. vostorgovma SeimuSava gegma, romlis mixedviT qarTuli ena
samegrel os
s aekle sio-s amre vlo
skolebidan mTlianad unda gandevniliyo. am gegmis Sesruleba daevala guriasamegrelos saepiskoposo sabWos. sabWom uari ganacxada, amitomac gadaayenes
Tanamdebobidan guria-samegrelos episkopo si ale qs and re, ro mli s nac vla d,
rogorc iTqva, daniSnes `renegati episkoposi dimitri abaSiZe~. 53
52
genilebis winaaRmdeg wavidnen. samegrelos Tavadaznaurobam gaagzavna peterburgSi sinodis ober-prokurorTan l.

pobedonoscevTan vrceli moxseneba, rom
qarTuli ena aris Tavidanve saerTo mwignobruli ena yvela qarTvelisaTvis,
megrelebis CaTvliT da Txoulobdnen
saeklesio skolebSi winandeli mdgomareobis datovebas da megrelebis dacvas
im pirTagan, romelTac undaT, rom Cven,
megrelebs, wagvarTvan Cveni mSobliuri
qarTuli enao (23 ivlisi, 1904 w.). mas
xels awerda 113 megreli Tavadaznauri.
pasuxis miRebamde gaificnen samegrelos
skolebis moswavleebi, romlebic moiTxovdnen qarTuli enis swavlebis SemoRebas. `gaficva imdenad seriozuli iyo,
rom samegreloSi iZulebuli gaxda Casuliyo quTaisis general-gubernatori~. 53
sabolood, rogorc s. kakabaZe wers,
`dimitri yifianis brZolas ar Cauvlia
uSedegod, mTavrobam Seanela, xolo 1905
wlis revoluciis Semdeg savsebiT ukuagdo danarCeni qarTvelebisagan megrelebis gaTiSvis politika. qarTveli xalxis
istoriuli mTlianoba kidev ufro ganmtkicda~. 5 4
qarTuli ena idevneboda ara mxolod
sa meg relo Si,
ar ame d
sa erT od
saqarTveloSi, gansakuTrebiT ki mterTagan eTnikurad dazaralebul provinciebSi. magaliTad, Sida qarTlis mTianeTSi jer garkveul politikur-sarwmunoebrivi mosazrebiT mkvidr qarTul mosax-
53
iqve , gv. 20 9;
54
iqv e, gv. 204.
517
leobas Caunerges osuri TviTSemecneba,
arTva somxur eklesiebs qoneba (saxle-
Semdeg ki Seecadnen qarTuli enis gandevnas am provinciis eklesiebidan da iq

osuri saRvTismsaxuro enis danergvas.
aseve iyo yvelgan. samcxe-javaxeTSi mahmadiani qarTvelebis erovnul-qarTul
bi, miwebi da sxva), riTac nivTieri safuZveli ecleboda am skolebis arsebobas.

amis sapasuxod daSnakcuTinma gaaZliera Tavisi moqmedeba saxelmwifoSi da
garegnulad SeiniRba rusi narodnikebis
TviTSemecnebas ebrZodnen iseTi mizandasaxulobiT, rom ruseTis sazRvrebSi

(samcxe-javaxeTSi) mcxovrebi qarTveli
mahmadianebi zizRiT iviwyebdnen qarTu-
da axla kidev socialist-revolucionerebis programasTan axlo myofi programiT. namdvilad ki, is ibrZoda mxolod erovnuli sakiTxebisaTvis. daSnak-
li enis codnasa da Tvis `gurjobas~,

m a S in r o c a os m a l e T Si m c x o v re b m a
qarTvelma mahmadanebma Seinaxes rogorc
eTnoTviTsaxelwodeba - `gurji~, aseve
qarTuli enis codna. rusebis dros
qarTveli grigorianelebi sabolood gasomxdnen. amis erT-erTi mizezi iyo is,
rom ruseTis imperia aSkarad mfarvelo bd a so m xu r e kl es ia s , ic a vd a mi s
TavisTavadobas, ar Sexebia mis avtokefalurobas, xolo qarTuli eklesia TiTqmis gaaqro saimperio eklesiis wiaRSi.
s. kakabaZe wers: `somxis burJuazia,
cuTinma TbilisSi da sxvaganac, amierkavkasiaSi, Seqmna mTeli jari kargad SeiaraRebuli da gawvrTnili e.w.
zinvorebis (zinvori meomars niSnavs).
zinvorebis raodenoba amierkavkasiaSi 40
aTas kacamdis aRwevda. zinvorebis mzadeba xdeboda saidumlod, ise, rom rodesac 1905 wlis 17 oqtombris manifestis gamocemis gamo sademonstraciod
daSnakcuTinma Tbilisis quCebSi gaatara Tavisi zinvorebi aTaseulebad dawyobili, yvela saxtad darCa. aseTi mzadebis garda daSnakcuTinma osmaleTis
yvelaze Zlieri amierkavkasiaSi Tavisi

SewirulobebiT, kvebavda somxur eklesias, erTaderT organizacias, romelsac ruseTis mTavroba xels ver axlebda, radganac, somxebis eklesias hqonda
Tavisi sakuTari damoukidebeli organizacia kaTalikoziT saTaveSi. somxur
somxeTis msgavsad amierkavkasiaSi mimarTa terors da moawyo Tavdasxma kavkasiis

mTavarmarTebel Tavad golicinze, romelic mZimed daiWra. SemdegSi axalma namestnikma voronco v-daSkov ma gamoi Txova
somxuri saeklesio mamulebis konfiskaciis Sesaxeb kanonis gauqmeba da somxur
eklesiebTan yvelgan gaxsnili iyo somxur enaze samrevlo skolebi. somxebs

hqondaT sasuliero saSualo saswavleblebic (seminariebi, erTi maTgani TbilisSi), hqondaT eCmiaZinSi umaRlesi saswavleblebic, sasuliero akademia. yvelgan
swavla warmoebda somxur enaze. ruseTis mTavrobam moindoma gaeuqmebina somxebis es faqtobrivi avtonomia nacionaluri kulturis dargSi da amitom Camo-
eklesias yvelaferi ukan daubruna. amis

Semdeg daSnakcuTinma Tavi daaneba ruseTis carizmTan brZolas~. 55
ase rom, 1905 wlisaTvis somxurma
eklesiam ukanve daibruna Tavisi qoneba
(mamulebi da sxva).
rusebis qarTvelTdamTrgunveli politikis wyalobiT XIX s-Si qarTvelebi
mravlad somxdebodnen grigorianuli eklesiis wevrad gadaqceviT (qarTuli ek-
55
518
lesiis ara mxolod dasustebam, aramed
ucxo somxuri ena ar esmodaT. s. kaka-
misi erovnuli-saxalxo saxis dakargvam

didi gavlena iqonia). aRmoCnda, rom
somxuri eklesia ufro iyo daaxloebuli xalxis (maT Soris qarTvelTa) yofacxovrebasTan. ubralo adamianebis gas-
baZe wers: `1870-ian wlebSi somexi mRvdeli Tbilisis vaJTa I gimnaziasTan iZulebuli gaxda eswavlebina saRvTo sjuli rusul enaze, radganac mowafe somxebs
ar esmodaT mSobliuri ena (es aixsnebo-
omxeba Tvalxiluli movlena iyo, gansakuTrebiT TvalSisacemi iyo gamoCenili adamianebis gasomxeba. `somxur burJuaziul wreebs XIX s-is meore naxe-
da ara xsenebul mowafeTa garusebiT,

aramed imiT, rom Tbiliseli somxebis
mniSvnelovani nawilis mSobliuri ena
am drosac iyo qarTuli. somxuri maT
varSi ematebian qarTveli grigorianebi,

romlebic iyvnen qarTuli warmoSobis
an mTlad mama-papiT qarTuli Segnebis
mqoneni. magram, radganac religiurad
isini dakavSirebulni iyvnen somxur eklesiasTan, amitom somxis burJuaziis
aRmavlobasTan dakavSirebiT maT Soris
fexs ikidebs somxuri Segneba. ase, mag al i Ta d , k ap i ta l i st i m i rz a Sv i li ,
qarTveli aznauri, TandaTan gadadis
somxur Segnebaze, aseTive bedi ewia izmailaSvilebs, Tavad bebuTaSvilebs da
sxvebs. qarTveli patriotis mixeil Tu-
ar icodnen)~. 57
qarTvelebs xSirad ar surdaT rusulenovan skolebSi bavSvebis Seyvana, risi
erTi mizezi iyo skolebSi gamefebuli
sisastike da rusuli enis ucodinaroba.
am mxriv, zogierTi regionis qarTvelebisaTvis somxuri skolebi ufro mimzidveli Canda, rogorc iTqva, somxuri
saskolo reJimi ufro iyo daaxloebuli
xalxis bunebriv yofacxovrebasTan. bunebriv garemos emateboda is, rom bavSvebis umravlesobam qarTuli ena kargad
icoda, aseve es ena maswavleblebmac icod-
maniSvilis Svili giorgi TumaniSvili,

TviTonac didxans qarTveli sazogado
moRvawe, 1890-ian wlebSi gadadis somxur Segnebaze, Tumca man
(sxva Tavis
msgavsebTan erTad) somxuri srulebiT
ar icoda~. 56
T bi l is Si mc x ov r eb m a qa r Tv e lm a
nen. amitomac, qarTveli bavSvebi zogierT regionSi somxur skolebSi SeyavdaT (rogorc iTqva, saqarTveloSi XIX
s-Si qristianTaTvis mxolod rusulenovani da somxurenovani skolebi funqcionirebda. es ukanasknelni somxuri
saeklesio mamulebis SemosavlebiTa da
grigorianelebma, e.i. im qarTvelebma,

romelnic somxuri eklesiis mrevls warmoadgendnen, ar icodnen somxuri ena,
radgan maTi mSobliuri ena iyo mamapapaTa qarTuli ena. ase iyo rusebis
saqarTveloSi damkvidrebamde. rusebma
moiTxoves, raTa yvela grigorianels,
eswavla somxurenovan skolebSi. qarTveli
grigorianelebi Seiyvanes somxurenovan
skolebSi, qarTvel bavSvebs ki maTTvis
SemowirulobebiT arsebobda). s. kakabaZe wers, rom marTlmadidebluri skolebi arusebdnen qarTvel mosaxleobas `mahmadianuri skolebi aTurqebdnen mosaxleobas, xolo somxuri skolebi ki asomxebdnen qarTulad molaparake arasomex
grigorianebsac~. 5 8
saqarTveloSi qarTuli mosaxleobis
erTi nawilis ara mxolod garuseba da
gasomxeba xdeboda, aramed sxvadasxva
56
57
iqve , gv. 225;
58
iqv e, gv. 270.
p ro v in c ie b Si
519
ga le k eb a , g ao s eb a d a
afxazuri sazogadoebisa sarwmunoebri-
gaTaTreba. XVII s-is afxazeTSi adiReCerqezebis gabatonebis Semdeg, afxazeTSi

sazogadoeba (mosaxleoba) fenebad (wodebebad) iyo dayofili. ukanasknel klass
Seadgenda damonebul-daymevebuli mkvidri
vad qristianebad miiCnevda Tavis Tavs

da iyvnen kidec samwyso qarTuli eklesiisa, afxazebis sazogadoebis sxva
fenebTan erTad. afxazebis batonobisagan qarTvelebis (agiruebis) gaTavisu-
mosaxleoba, maT agiruas e.i. megrels

uwodebdnen (agirua, agurua megrelsac da gurulsac niSnavs, es saxeli
nawarmoebi unda iyos Zirisagan - `gur~,
fleba ekomonikur safuZvels gamoaclida afxazTa batonobas. rusebs surdaT

aRmoefxvraT batonymoba afxazeTSi. maT
imperiis sxva marTlmadideblur mxareeb-
gurji, e.i. qarTvelisagan). agiruebi mona

àxaSalebTan~ erTad axoius (samurzayanoSi dolmaxares) klasSi Sedioda. axaSala martoxela mona iyo,
Tu cols SeirTavda axoiue xdeboda.
àxoiues meore saxelwodeba agirua
niSnavs megrels. afxazebi winaT awarmoebdnen zRviT da xmeleTiT Tavdasxmebs
odiSze, itacebdnen megrelebs da asaxlebdnen maT TavisTan naxevrad monur
pirobebSi. aqedan tomobrivi saxeli
agirua gadaiqca afxazebSi monis aRmniSvnel sityvad~. 59 afxazeTSi, s. kaka-
Sic aseve gaauqmes batonymoba am droisaTvis, magram afxazeTSi es procesi

gadaido. amis erT-erTi mizezi unda
yofiliyo is, rom afxazeTSi ara marto
batonymuri, aramed monaTmflobeluri
urTierTdamokidebuleba arsebobda agir ua- axo iue bsa da m aT mep atr one Ta
Soris, rusTa mier SemoTavazebuli e.w.
`batonymobis gauqmeba~ gamoiwvevda ara
m xo lo d ag ir u eb is g aT a vi su fl eb as ,
aramed maT moqalaqeobriv gaTanabrebas
yofil mepatroneebTan, amis daSveba ki
àfxazebs~ arafriT ar SeeZloT, radga-
baZis TqmiT, namdvil ymebad SeiZleboda

CaTvliliyvnen mxolod axoiuebi (e.i.
qarTvelebi). ufro adre Crdilo kavkasiis
mTebidan Camosaxlebis Semdeg afsua-Cerqezebma, romelTac àfxazebi~ ewodaT
daiymeves da daimones mkvidri mosaxleoba, e.i. megrelebi (qarTvelebi), amito-
nac mona-yma agiruebs uyurebdnen ara

rogorc adamianebs, aramed rogorc cxovelebs, iseve rogorc Zvel saberZneTsa
da romSi ganixilavdnen monebs. monebTan moqalaqeobrivi gaTanabreba afxazebs
arafriT ar SeeZloT. qarTveli anu agirua (megreli) afxazTa TvalSi iyo raRac
mac megrelebi (qarTvelebi) afxazeTSi

mona-ymebis saxlad iqca, maTi batonymuri uRlisagan gaTavisufleba rusebma ver SeZles afxazTa 1866 wlis ajanyebis gamo.
qristianuli samarTlianoba moiTxovda rusebs yoveli RonisZieba gamoeyenebinaT, raTa gaeTavisuflebinaT afxazebis yma-monebi anu eTnikuri qarTvelebi, Tundac imis gamo, rom es nawili
dadablebuli, uuflebo arseba, romlebTanac moqalaqeobrivi Tanasworoba fsiqologiurad ver warmoedginaT.

a r a m x o l o d a f x a z eT S i , a ra m e d
saqarTvelos zogierT sxva mxareSic
qarTvelebi Sua saukuneebSi aRmoCndnen
sazogadoebis yvelaze daCagrul, eqspluatirebul fenad. ase iyo Tanaxmad
vaxuSti bagrationisa dvaleTis da Sida
qarTlis mTaSi, aq dvalebi (qarTvelebi)
59
520
dabal fenad, xolo osebi maT baton-
nen. TandaTanobiT iTvisebdnen osur enas,
mepatroneebad iqcnen. osur-dvalur sazogadoebaSi sityva `dvali~ araTavisufalis sinonimad iqca, xolo òsi~ Tavisufali adamianisa. dvalebs cxadia,
surdaT dabali socialuri safexuridan
religiur warmodgenebsa da Cvevebs e.i.

qarTvelebi osdebodnen, amas xels isic
uwyobda, rom òsebis mosaxleobis farTobis gazrdis~ dros saqarTvelo daSlil-danawevrebuli iyo, qarTlis same-
maRalze asvla. e.i. yvela dvals, gaTavisufleba anu `gaoseba~ surda. ase
gaosebuli dvalebi anu ukve òsebi~
XVIII s-is Semdeg TandaTanobiT gadmo-
fos ki mTeli Tavisi yuradReba mipyrobili hqonda samxreTisaken. rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, òsoba~ ara marto eTnikuri vinaobis aRmniSvneli termini iyo,
saxldnen dvaleTidan Sida qarTlis

mTianeTSi. aq isini ukve osobdnen, gabatondnen iq da Sesabamisi fsiqologiuri
klimatic Seqmnes (qarTlis mTianeTSi).
òsad~ gadaqceva agreTve gulisxmobda
gabatonebulTa enis e.i. osuris SeTvisebasa da dabal i fenis enis, anu
dvaluris daviwyebasac.
sazogadod osebi Sida kavkasionis
regionSi moxvdnen imis Semdeg, rac maTi
samefo (Crdilo-dasavleT imierkavkasiis vakeze) sastikad daamarcxes da mospes monRolebma. osuri samxedro aris-
a ra m ed m a ta r eb el i i y o s oc ia l ur i
datvirTvisa, kerZod, rogorc aRiniSna
òsi~ - Tavisufal, dauqvemdebarebel
adamiansac niSnavda. qarTlis mTianeTSi
qarTvel mebatoneTa xelqveS moqceuli
qarTveli yma-glexebisaTvis òsoba~, anu
batonymobisagan gaTavisufleba mimzidvelic iyo. am mizezis gamo, rogorc
Cans, qsnis erisTavis da maCablebis
qarTveli ymebi òsebad~ acxadebdnen
TavianT Tavs da amiT gamoxatavdnen miswrafebas gaTavisuflebisaken batonymuri
damokidebulebisagan, Tumca, cxadia, am
tokratiis nawilma Tavi Seafara Sua

kavkasiis mTianeTs anu dvaleTs. maT
SeZles dvaleTis dapyroba da iq gabatoneba s. kakabaZe wers - `XIII s-Si
os eb ma iw y e s g a dm o s vl a Cr d i lo e T
kavkasiidan qarTlSi, sadac maT daikaves
kavkasionis qedis samxreTiT mTa adg-
memamuleTa miwebze osebic Camosaxldnen ufro maRali mTianeTidan. s. kakabaZe wers - `XVII s-Si osebi mohyvnen
Tavad qsnis erisTavTa da maCablebis xelqveiT~. 60 qarTveli mTielebis osebad
gadagvarebis saqme gansakuTrebiT intensiuri gaxda rusebis batonobis dros,
ilebi. aq isini cxovrobdnen naxevrad

damoukidebel erTeulebad. osebis es
Temobrivi erTeulebi awarmoebdnen Tavdasxmebs qarTlis sxva nawilebze, TandaTanobiT osebis mosaxleobis farTobi gaizarda~. 60
osebis Temebis mier qarTlis mTianeTSi
dapyrobil qarTul soflebsa Tu dasaxle bu l ad gi leb Si , cx adi a, m kv id ri
qarTvelebi osebis gavlenis qveS eqceod-
ise, rom qarTlis Suaguli, Sida qarTli òsebis~ (yofili qarTvelebis) xelSi aRmoCnda. qarTvelebis gadagvarebas
sxvadasxva mizezTan (maT Soris religiurTan) erTad gansakuTrebiT uwyobda xels
rusebis socialuri politika.
rogorc aRiniSna, qsnis erisTavTa
da maCablebis yofil ymebs surdaT Tavisufleba ymuri valdebulebebisagan da Tavs
Tavisufal adamianebad (osebad) acxa-
60
521
debdnen. imJamindeli viTarebis Sesabam-
mtkicda qarTvel mahmadianTa qarTuli
isad Tavadis miwaze mosaxle glexi, yma

anda xizani unda yofiliyo. osebi swored
am me ore kate gorias xiznebs miakuTvnebdnen TavianT Tavs. rusuli kanonmdebloba xels uSlida xiznebis gada-
erovnuli TviTSemecneba, aramed piriqiT s. kakabaZis sityviT `qarTveli

mahmadiani mosaxleoba rusTa batonobis
dros kargavda Tavis mSobliur enas~. 63
ìngiloTa erTi nawili 1849 wlidan
qcevas ymebad, `Tavisufal miwis mxvnelTa ~ kan oni s Ses ab ami sa d ` xiz ne bi
saqarTveloSic gadarCnen ymebad gadaqcevas~. 61 xiznebma (e.i. osebma qarTlSi)
ubrundeboda isev qristianobas. amas mohyva ruseTis samisionero moRvaweobis

gaCaReba, ramac am mxareSi darCenili
qarTvel mahmadianTa mosaxleoba mTlad
miaRwies imas, rom `SeinarCunes pirovnuli damoukidebloba TavianTi memamuleebisagan~ (iqve, gv. 236) rusuli kanonmdeblobis daxmarebiT. qarTlSi mcxovrebi
qarTveli yma-glexoba mZime uRelSi iyo
Sebmuli, romlisaganac Tavis daRweva
SeuZlebeli iyo, Tu ara Tavisi Tavis
òsad~ anu xiznad gamocxadebiT (am
gamocxadebisaTvis saTanado wesebi da
pirobebi arsebobda). amis gamo qarTveli glexebi qarTlSi TavianT Tavs masobrivad acxadebdnen osebad. xiznebis ricxvi Tbilisis guberniaSi Zlier gamravl-
daafrTxo. gaqristianebis SiSiT mahmadiani ingiloni exla TviT cdilobdnen

qarTuli enis daviwyebas da gadadiodnen lekursa da TaTrul enebze~. 63 lekur enaze gadasuli ingiloebi galekd ne n, T aT ru l en az e ga da su ln i
gaTaTrdnen. saboloo jamSi erT dros
aRmosavleT saqarTvelos udidesi qristianuli centri, romelsac Semdeg saingilo ewoda gamahmadianda, mosaxleobam zurgi Seaqcia qristianobas. Cvens
m i e r g a n s a x i l v el d r o s , X X s - i s
dasawyisSi Semdgar krebaTa dros swored
da `gansakuTrebiT es exeboda goris

mazras, romelsac xiznebad moawydnen
osebi~.62 1917 wlis Tebervlis revoluciis
Semdeg `xiznebs daumtkicdaT maT xelSi myofi miwebi yovelgvari kompensaciis gadaxdis gareSe, radganac, kerZod
qarTlSi, xiznebis did umetesobas ose-
es momenti gauxsena rusulma eklesiam

qarTul eklesias, rom am ukanasknelma
Rirseuli yuradReba ver miapyro aRmosavleT kaxeTs (saingilos), romlis mosaxleobac daekarga saqristianos. kerZod, 1906 wlis ianvris bolos peterburgSi gamarTul wmida sinodis mier
bi Seadgenen, amiT momzadda niadagi istoriuli qarTlis teritoriaze 1921

wlidan samxreT oseTis avtonomiis olqis daarsebisaTvis. 62
msgavsi viTareba iyo saingiloSic (yofil aRmosavleT kaxeTSi). aq, rogorc
cnobilia, rusTa mflobelobis dawyebisas cxovrobdnen qarTveli mahmadianebi,
agreTve Camosaxlebuli lekebi da TaTrebi. rusTa batonobis dros ara Tu gan-
qarTul saeklesio saqmeebTan dakavSirebiT gamarTu l saTaTb iro kre baze

qarTvelTa gancxadebas, rom saqarTveloSi
qristianobis avtoritetis Seryeva rusuli wmida sinodis saqmianobam gamoiwvia,
rusma mitropolitma vladimerma ase
upa suxa : `si nodi sad iyo, rode sac
zaqaTalas olqis qarTveloba gamahmadianda?~64 mitropolits qarTvelma episkoposebma kirionma da leonidem jerovnad
61
62
iqve , gv. 237;
63
iqv e, gv. 167.
522
upasuxes, Tumca samwuxarod, isic unda
iTqvas, rom XVIII s-Si (rodesac mahmadianTa mier dapyrobil aRmosavleT kaxeTSi mosaxleobis gamahmadianeba xdeboda) arc erT saeklesio krebas, rogorc
moRweuli masalidan Cans, ar miuRia arc
erTi gadawyvetileba, ar ganucxadebia
protestic ki am Semzaravi momentis gamo.
im dros, ara Tu saingiloSi, saerTod
yvelgan qveyanaSi xdeboda qarTvelebis
denacionalizacia, ZiriTadad rjulis anu
qarTuli qristianobis (marTlmadideblobis) Secvlis gamo, imJamindeli (XVIIXVIII ss-Ta) krebebi ki mraval sakiTxze msjelobdnen (maT Soris imazec
ki, rom pirutyvis sityvieri Segineba
ar SeiZleboda) magram denacionalizacia-gadagvarebis sakiTxs gverds uvlidn en . mi u x ed a v ad a mi s a , r u se T a md e l
saqarTveloSi rjulSecvlili qarTvelebi
ar uqmnidnen qarTvel ers iseT safrTxes, rogorsac rusTa batonobis dros
XIX-XX ss-Si, saqme is iyo, rom rusebamdel saqarTveloSi rjulSecvlili
qarTvelebi (kaTolikeni, grigorianebi,
gawarmarTebuli) ase Tu ise kvlav flobdnen qarTul enas, zne-Cveulebebs, ar
wyvetdnen megobrul-naTesaur kavSirebs
darCenil qarTvel marTlmadideblebTan,
rusebma ki rjulSecvlil qarTvelebs
64
jvari vaz isa, # 3, 199 0, gv. 57.
TavianTi rjulis Sesabamisad Seuqmnes
skolebi, misces TavianTi rjulis Sesabamisi erovneba da rjulis Sesabamisad
misces formireba maT erovnul TviTSemecnebas, anu sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, qarTvel grigorianelebs gauxsnes
somxurenovani skolebi, sadac maT Seaswavles iqamde maTTvis ucxo somxuri
ena, somxeTis istoria, aqcies somex patriotebad da erovnebiT somxebad (grigoriani qarTvelebi). aseve skolebis, wignebis (maT Soris religiuris) gamoyenebaTa
da sxvadasxva saSualebebiT osuri TviTSemecneba Camouyalibes Sida qarTlis
qarTvelobas, afxazeTis qarTvelobas ki
afxazuri, ruseTis sazRvrebSi moqceuli qarTveli mahmadianebi sabolood
gaaTaTres, daaviwyebines `gurjoba~ da
qarTuli ena, aseve xdeboda yvelgan
saqarTveloSi, marTlmadidebel qarTvelTa
konsolidaciis gverdiT eri Tvalxilulad nawevrdeboda rusTa batonobis
dros, maT Soris saeklesio (sasuliero, saskolo) meTodebis gamoyenebiT, amas
ki veRar Seurigda qarTveli samRvdeloeba, romelmac gabeda ruseTis sinodis winaaRmdeg xmis amoReba XX s-is
dasawyisSi, miT umetes, rom gaZlierebis nacvlad, qarTvelTa Soris marTlmadidebeli sarwmunoeba araTu ganmtkicda, aramed Seirya.
523
saeklesio krebebi 1905-1916 wlebSi

(cxrameti kreba)
saqarTvelos eklesiis, viTarca avtokefaluri, damoukidebeli saeklesio
erTeulis aRdgenis moTxovnileba warmoiSva XIX s-is bolosa da XX s-is
dasawyisSi. kirion II fiqrobda, rom es
quTaisis guberniebs da zogierT mimdebare olqs. 2. aRdgeniliyo saqarTvelos

eklesiis avtokefalia. safiqrebelia, rom
es ideebi srulyofili saxiT Camoyalibda im did saorganizacio samzadisis
idea dabada n. durnovos uSiSarma werilebma. patriarq kalistrates ki miaCnda, rom amas misma gamokvlevam `saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliam~ daudo
safuZveli. ufro safiqrebelia, rom TviT
saqarTveloSive gaCnda aseTi moTxovnileba sazogadoebrivi azris Camoyalibebis Sedegad. XX s-is dasawyisisaTvis
`saqarTvelo~, viTarca erTiani adminis-
dros, rodesac ruseTis imperia 1901

wels apirebda sazeimod aReniSna saqarTvelos ruseTTan `SeerTebis~ 100 wlisTavi.
am droisaTvis, Cans, Cveni didebulebi
(am SemTxvevaSi didi moazrovneebi inteligentebi) kidev erTxel darwmundnen, rom aRarc `saqarTvelo~ arsebobda
da aRarc misi eklesiis avtokefalia.
imperators saiubileod Txoves (am Tx-
traciuli erTeuli ar arsebobda da es

sityva (saqarTvelo) mxolod adamianTa
gonebaSi aRniSnavda dasavleT-aRmosavleT saqarTvelos erTianobas. am sityvas rusi Cinovnikebi ebrZodnen kidec,
radganac masSi xedavdnen separatizmis
saSiSroebas. aRsaniSnavi faqtia is, rom
am dros es sityva `saqarTvelo~ Semoinaxa qarTulma eklesiam, miuxedavad misi
avtokefaliis gaqrobisa, qarTuli saeklesio erTeulis mmarTvelobas ruseTis
i m pe r i aS i of i c ia l u r ad e wo d e bo d a
`saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kantora~, xolo mis meTaurs - `saqarTvelos egzarqosi~. amiT avad Tu kargad
ucxo imperiaSic ki qarTuli eklesia
saqarTvelos mTlianobis da arsis momgonebel-damcve li iyo. qarTul
moazrovne wreebSi XX s-is dasawyisSi
ovnis Sesadgenad wlebis manZilze ikribebodnen) peterburgis sasuliero akademiaSi saqarTvelos eklesiis istoriis
ganyofilebis-kaTedris gaxsna. am dros,
rogorc aRvniSneT, albaT dafiqrdnen,
rom saqarTvelo da misi eklesia imperiis wiaRSi iyvn en gaT qvefi lni. C ven
vfiqrobT, rom saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis moTxovnam aRZra `saqarTvelos~, viTarca erTiani politikur-administraciuli erTeulis, aRdgenis moTxovna. erT-erTi pirveli kreba, romelm ac mo i Tx o va qa r T ul i e k le s ii s
damoukideblobis aRdgena, Sedga 1904
wlis 27 dekembers. es iyo ara samRvdeloebis, aramed Tavad-aznaurTa, literatorTa da Tavisufali profesiis pirTa
kreba~. rezolucia qarTvel Tavad-aznaurTa, literatorTa da sxva Tavisu-
daibada ori idea: 1. ruseTis imperiis

SemadgenlobaSi aRdgeniliyo politikuradministraciuli erTeuli `saqarTvelo~,
fal profesiis pirTa kerZo krebisa

`qarTveli Tavad-aznaurebisa, mwerlebisa da sxva Tavisufali profesiebis war-
romelic gaaerTianebda Tbilisisa da
momadgenelTa 27 dekembers, 1904 wels,
524
kerZo krebaze tfilisSi, gaiTvaliswines
nis politikuri damoukidebloba. aseTi
ra qarTveli eris gaWirvebuli mdgomareoba, daaskvnes: exlave saWirod iqnas cnobili... aRdgena qarTuli eklesiis damoukideblobisa~ erT-erTi pirveli mRaRadebeli iyo prof. xaxanaSvili.
ram saqarTvelos eklesias ar gaaCnda.

`saqarTvelo~ ara Tu politikurad iyo
damoukidebeli, aramed administraciuli erTeulis saxiTac ki ar arsebobda.
amitomac ukavSirdeboda erTmaneTs ase-
sxva werilebTan erTad man ruseTis

dedaqalaqis gazeT `russkaia vedemostSi~ dabeWda grZeli werili qarTvelebis imperiaSi yofnis Sesaxeb: qarTvelebs
Ti administraciuli erTeulis Camoyalibebisa da avtokefaliis sakiTxi.

Tumca, isic unda iTqvas, rom imJamad
saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis ba-
waerTvaT sakuTari eklesia, qarTuli

wirva-locva. mRvdelmTavrebad gagzavnili rusebi masxrad igdebdnen qarTul
enas da sazogadod qarTvelebs èrTma
maTganma ganacxada, qarTuli ena ZaRlis ena ariso, qarTvelebis saeklesio
galoba mglebis ymuili~. 65
1904 wels, rogorc dasavleT, ise
aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi tardeboda
saeklesio Sekrebani àvtokefaliis aRdgenis~ moTxovniT, magram isini nakleb
organizebulni iyvnen.
ro go rc aR in iS na, T bi lis is a da
zad miiCneoda `saqarTvelo-imereTis saegzarqoso~, romelic marTlac aerTianebda

ek le si ur ad i m mx ar ee bs , ro ml is
damoukidebel administraciul erTeulad
gadaqcevisaTvis ikribeboda Tavad-aznauroba da inteligencia. sxvaTa Soris,
ruseTis sinodi mixvda amas da Semdgom,
a v t ok e f a l i i s m o T x o vn a T a g a zr d i s
kvaldakval scada saerTod gaeuqmebina
`saqarTvelos saegzarqoso~, daeyo igi
Tbilisisa da quTaisis erTmaneTisagan
damoukidebel eparqiebad (samTavarepiskoposoebad) anda daearsebina TbilisSi
quTaisis guberniebis qarTvelTa saeklesio nawili cdilobda ruseTis imperiis farglebSi Seqmniliyo mTliani
administraciuli erTeuli `saqarTvelo~.
amisaTvis 1905 wlis 1 aprils gaixsna
Tb ili si s g ube rn iis Ta va d-a zna ur Ta
kreba, romelmac miiRo àdresi~ impera-
samitropolito, romelic moicavda ara

mxolod gauqmebul `saqarTvelos saegzarqosos~ teritorias, aramed sruliad kavkasias, masSi arsebuli marTlmadidebeli mravalerovani mrevliT. magram
saqarTveloSi sxvagvarad fiqrobdnen.
1905 wlis aprilis TveSi Tbilisis
torisadmi. àdresSi~, mimarTvaSi moiTxovdnen: `saqarTvelo~ cnobil iqnas imperiis nawilad~. iqve ganmartavdnen Tu
ra moculobis erTeuli unda yofiliyo
igi - `saqarTvelo Sedgeba tfilisisa da
quTaisis guberniebis, baTumis, soxumisa
da zaqaTalas olqebisagan~. 66
saeklesio samarTlis Tanaxmad, eklesiis avtokefaliis erT-erTi umTavresi
safuZveli aris eklesiis momcveli qvey-
kvaldakval Seikriba quTaisis guberniis Tavadaznauroba. krebam xelmwife imperators gaugzavna mimarTva - àdresi~, romelSic naTqvami iyo: `quTaisis
guberniis Tavad-aznauroba uerTdeba
tfilisis guberniis qarTvel Tavadaznaurobis mier SemuSavebul uqveSevrdomiles adresSi gamoTqmul survils...
qarTveli eris dawynarebisa da... ganviTarebisaTvis erTaderTi saSualeba is
65
`mwyemsi~, 1905 w., #5, gv. 12;
66
`mwyemsi~, 1905 w., #6-7, gv. 18.
525
aris, rom saqarTvelos, romelic Ses-
gasagzavnad). peticiis proeqtis gansax-
dgeba tfilisisa da quTaisis guberniebisagan, baTumis, soxumisa da zaqaTa-
ilvelad Sedga kreba mRvdlebis korneli kekeliZis, nikita TalakvaZis, ni-
las olqebisagan, mieniWos ufleba Tavisi Sinauri saqmeebi ganagos~... 67

1905 weli iyo areulobaTa, demon-
koloz jaSis, qristefore cicqiSvilis,

al. kontriZisa da saero pirebis, maT
Soris wm. eqvTime TayaiSvilis monawi-
straciaTa, krebaTa da mitingTa xana,

yvela cdilobda Tavisi azris gamoTq-
leobiT. maT proeqti moiwones. martSi

furclebze dabeWdili proeqti ukve sa-
mas. xalxis erTi nawili, romelic saxelmwifos ebrZoda, eklesias mis nawilad ganixilavda. xSiri iyo eklesiaTa Zarcva-mtvreva, mkrexeloba. da mainc,
qarTvelma samRvdeloebam erovnuli in-
jarod ixileboda, daaxloebiT 15 marts

Sedga kreba kukiis wmida nikolozis eklesiis samrevlo skolaSi. am krebas eswreboda inteligencia ilia WavWavaZis
xelmZRvanelobiT, agreTve rkinigzis
teresebi, miuxedavad imperiis mxriv

sastiki represiebisa, socialurze maR-
muSakebi. krebam peticiis proeqti misaRebad miiCnia. martis bolos gamarTa
la daayena.
sajaro (eriskacTa da samRvdeloTa) kreba

sionis dekanoz markoz tyemalaZis binaSi. krebas eswrebodnen akaki wereTeli
da niko nikolaZe. peticia mowonebul
iqna. gadawyda, es peticia xelisuflebas gagzavnoda samRvdeloebis yrilobis
saxeliT, romelic male unda mowveuliyo.
Tavis mxriv, 1905 wlis martis TveSi Sekrebilma imereTis samRvdeloebam
gabeda sja-baasisa da kamaTis dros `kaTalikosobis~ aRdgenaze xmis amoReba. am
krebas Cven qvemoT pirobiTad II krebas
1905 wlis 15 marti,

`samRvdeloebis yriloba~
1) I kreba (1905 w. 15 marti). 1905

wlis 18 Tebervlis ruseTis imperatoris
mier gamocemuli `reskriptis~ mixedviT
ruseTis imperiaSi gamocxadda sityvis
Tavisufleba - `xalxis sakeTildReod
gamiznuli gardaqmnebis warmatebiT ganxorcielebisaTvis~.
zemodan moTxovnili am e.w. `gardaqmnis~ safuZvelze, `kaTalikos-patriarq
kalistrates (`Cemi mogonebebidan~) cnobiT, man maSin dekanozis xarisxSi myofma istorikos s. gorgaZesa da dekanoz
a. ToTibaZesTan erTad gadawyvita aReZraT
saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaluri
uflebebis aRdgenis sakiTxi. s. gorgaZes unda Seedgina `qarTuli eklesiis marTva-gamgeobis proeqti~, xolo k. cin-
vuwodebT avtokefaluri moZraobis gzaze mowyobils.
caZes `peticia~ (gamiznuli mTavrobaSi
los eparqiebSi. erT-erTi aseTi anu rigiT
67
mwyemsi, #8, 19 05, gv . 7.
2) 1905 wlis 16-22 marts Sedga e.w.

ìmereTis eparqiis samRvdeloebis deputatTa 45-e kreba~ q. quTaisSi. sazogadod XIX s-is bolomde ruseTis sinodis miTiTebiT imperiis marTlmadidebeli eklesiis eparqiaTa samRvdeloebas
mieca miTiTeba, drodadro Sekrebiliyvnen
saeklesio-saeparqio sakiTxebis gasarkvevad. es miTiTeba sruldeboda saqarTve-
526
45-e iyo Cvens mier gansaxilveli kreba,
iZulebuli iqneboda eRiarebina, rom
romelmac, rogorc aRvniSneT, 1905 w.

Tavisufali suliskveTebis gamo gabeda
saqarTvelos eklesiis damoukidebloba

mospo ruseTis saimperatoro xelisu-
da daayena sakiTxi, `rom qarTul enaze

iswavlebodes saRmrTo sjuli samrevlo
flebam araeklesiuri xerxiT. meore,

Za lado biT saek les io g aerT iane ba
skolebSi~, da rom saRmrTo sjulis

swavleba deda enaze yofiliyo. krebam
gabeda da ganacxada: ùmetesoba depu-
ukanonoa, maSasadame arc arsebulia, mesame, aseT sakiTxebSi unda monawileobdnen ucxoeTis marTlmadidebeli pa-
tatebisa darwmunebulia, rom saswavleblebi CvenSi srulebiT Seicvlebian ax-
triarqebi. meoTxe, viTomda aRniSnuli

èpiskoposis krebis~ mowvevamde unda
ali kaTalikosis dros~. 68 bolos ki, Tavis

erTsulovnebiT gaTamamebulma krebam
aRdgeniliyo sakaTalikoso, romlis aRdgenis Semdegac, vin icis ruseTis impe-
Seadgina peticia, romelSic erT-erT

muxlad Setanili iyo sakiTxi `saqarTvelos sasuliero wodebis marTvisa da
kaTalikosis aRrCevis Sesaxeb~. 69 kreba
riaSi ra ambebi datrialdebeboda. am

krebas ukvalod ar Cauvlia, misi gamoZaxili iyo TbilisSi Semdgari cnobili
saeklesio kreba 1905 wlis maisSi.
saeklesio TviTmmarTvelobis aRdgenis

mopovebas cdilobda. magram es peticia
krebas ar gaugzavnia sifrTxilis gamo.
sazogadoeba or jgufad gaiyo. krebis
erTi jgufi iTxovda peticia gagzav-
`1905 wlis 31 marts imereTis samRvdeloeba peticias ugzavnis ruseTis

ministrTa komitets, romelSic aRniSnuli iyo eklesiisa da samRvdeloebis
u m Z im e s i ma t e r i al u r i md g o m a re o b a
niliyo imperatorTan (kaTalikosis arCevis

moTxovniT), meore jgufis azriT, saWiro
iyo ara peticiis gagzavna, aramed ofi-
saqarTveloSi. ruseTis samRvdeloebisgan

gansxvavebiT qarTuli sasuliero pirebi
ekonomikurad mosaxleobaze iyvnen damok-
cialurad unda dayenebuliyo umaRlesi

xelisuflebis winaSe sakiTxi aseTi dip-
idebulni. maTi xelfasi iyo minimaluri,

weliwadSi sul 250-300 maneTi da isic
lomatiuri, moqnili saxiT: `saeklesio

kanonebis Sesabamisad saqarTvelos ek-
yvelas rodi hqonda. xelfass Rebulobda samRvdeloebis mxolod mesamedi naw-
lesia jerac ar aris SeerTebuli ruseTis eklesiasTan, amitomac, dae Sedges

episkoposebis kreba, romelic daadgens
ili. umravlesoba ki iZulebuli iyo Tavi

gaetana im SemosavliT, rac eklesiaSi
Semododa mrevlisagan Sesawiravis an ga-
saqarTvelos eklesiis SeerTebas ruseTis eklesiasTan, oRond es unda cnon

msoflio patriarqebma, manamde ki kaTalikosis arCevis neba mogvceno~. 70
aseTi moTxovniT ramdenime sakiTxis
dasaxadis saxiT. dramis fuli an kidev

zogierTi saxis mRvdelmsaxurebisaTvis
(qorwineba, wesis ageba da misT.) Raribi
mosaxleobisagan miRebuli es Semosavali imdenad mcire da umniSvnelo iyo,
dayenebas cdilobdnen. jer erTi, Tu aseT

moTxovnas miiRebda xelisufleba, igi
rom dabali samRvdeloeba srul siRaribeSi cxovrobda. ruseTis samRvde-
mwyemsi, 1905, # 8, gv. 3; 69 mwyemsi, 1905, #9-10, gv. 6; 7 0 mwyemsi, 1905, #9-10, gv. 6; 7 1 saq.
scsa f. 14 58 an 1, s.17 3, fur c. 4, wignSi: g. rog ava, q ristianuli re ligia da ekle sia saqarTve loSi
(180 1-1917 ww) Tb ., 199 7, gv. 96.
68
loebisagan gansxvavebiT, maT nadelebi
ar gaaCndaT, rom daemuSavebinaT da miT
mainc gaetanaT Tavi~. 71
dramis fuli iyo `weliwadSi sul 2
maneTi, magram saqarTvelos gaRatakebul glexobas isic ar gaaCnda da amis
gamo ver ixdida, xolo soflis xelisufleba aiZulebda maT es gadasaxadi naturiT gadaexadaT, ris angariSSic arTmevdnen sxvadasxva saxis saojaxo
nivTebs, rac glexobas samRvdelobis
mimarT mtrulad ganawyobda~. 72
`yovelive amis mizezad peticiis avtorebs miaCndaT is pirobebi, romelSiac ruseTis saero da sasuliero xelisuflebam Caayena saqarTvelos eklesia: gamoacala arsebobisa da funqcionirebis ekonomikuri bazisi, rogorc wina
TavebSi iyo aRniSnuli, mouspo Semosavlis mTavari wyaroebi (yma-glexoba, mamuli da sxv.), rom igi mTlianad uwmidesi sinodis mowyalebaze yofiliyo
damokidebuli. amasTanave patriarqobis
mospobiTa da qarTveli xalxisaTvis miuRebeli saegzarqosos SeqmniT mosaxleobasa da eklesias Soris aRmarTes
iseTi barieri, romelmac gamoiwvia xalxis gaucxoeba eklesiisagan. `xalxis cocxal organizms - werdnen peticiis avtorebi - mokveTes misi bunebrivi Tavi
da mis magivrad daadges ucxo Tavi,
romelsac, rogorc ucxos, ar SeuZlia
am organizmis sulis yvela funqciis
mowesrigeba~. 7 3
èklesiisagan qarTveli xalxis gaucxoebas imanac Seuwyo xeli, rom qarTveli samRvdeloba izrdeboda da yalibdeboda maSindel rusul sasuliero saswavleblebSi, sadac qarTulis xseneba
72
74
g . r og av a, das ax. n aSr . , g v . 9 7 ;

g. rogava, dasax. naSr., gv. 97 -98.
73
527
ar iyo, `sadac isini swavlobdnen yvelafers, garda qarTulisa~, ris gamoc

maT ar SeeZloT RvTismsaxureba qarTulad. maTi ar esmis mrevls, xolo mrevlisa am samRvdeloebas~. èklesia, misi
msaxurebis saxiT, axla qceulia... mravali
politikuri tendenciebis cxovrebaSi gatarebis iaraRad. is aqcies iseT kancelariad, romelic asrulebs saxelmwifo meqanizmis garkveul funqcias~. 72
`saqarTvelos eklesiaSi iseTi mdgomareobis aRmosafxvrelad peticiis avtorebi moiTxovdnen Semdegi RonisZiebebis dauyovnebliv gatarebas:
a) saqarTvelos eklesiis damoukideblobis aRdgena kaTalikosiT saTaveSi,
romelsac irCevs adgilobrivi episkoposTa yriloba, mTeli qarTveli xalxisa da samRvdeloebis warmomadgenlebTan erTad;
b) unda moxdes RvTismsaxurTa arCeva;
g ) saskolo saqmis Zirfesviani reforma;
d ) samRvdeloTaTvis sityvis, beWvdiTi
sityvis, krebebisa da yrilobebis mowvevis Tavisufleba;
e) yvela samoqalaqo uflebis miniWeba samRvdeloebisaTvis;
v) eklesiisa da samRvdeloebis ganTavisufleba politikuri miznebis ganxorcielebisa da yvela samoxeleo da
sakancelario movaleobisagan;
z ) sam Rvde loebi s ga nTavi sufl eba
mrevlze uSualo materialuri damokidebulebisagan da misTvis xelfasis
daniSvna; 7 4
T) `wmida sinodis daweseba kaTalikosis meTaurobiT, xolo eparqiul arqierebTan sasuliero da saero pirebisagan Semdgari sabWosi, romelic arCeuli iqneba garkveuli droiT;
iq v e , f ur c . 2. wig n Si: g . ro g av a, das ax. n aSr . , g v. 39 7 ;
528
i) sinodis mmarTveloba yvela ekle-
Ta-iveriis mTavarepiskopiam, romelsac
siaze, monastrebze, samRvdeloebaze, sasuliero-saswavlo da saqvelmoqmedo

dawesebulebebze;
k) iveriis eklesiisaTvis warTmeuli
da xazinisaTvis gadacemuli qonebis dab-
kaTalikosati-patriarqis xarisxi mieniWa, sruliad damoukideblad daiwyo marTva, saTaveSi ki edgnen kaTalikos-patriarqebi, wodebulni uwmidesad da unetaresad.
runeba~. 7 5
uZvelesi droidan mokidebuli XIX

s-mde iveriis avtokefaluri eklesia arasdros yofila qvriv-oxeri, ruseTTan
saqarTvelos SeerTebis Semdegac ki aTi
1905 wlis 2 8-30 maisi,

`samRvdeloebis yriloba~
3) yrilobis Tavmjdomare Tavdapirvelad iyo mama markoz tyemalaZe, romelic yrilobis nebiT Secvala `revoluciurad ganwyobilma~ mRvdelma qristefore
cicqiSvilma. yrilobam airCia agreTve
mdivnebi da daamtkica momdevno dRis
wesrigi. 29.05.1905 yrilobam ganixila
soflis samRvdeloebis materialuri
uzrunvelyofis sakiTxi. Semdeg Tavmjdomarem gamoitana avtokefaliis sakiTxi.
yrilobam moiwona zemoaRniSnuli peticia da gadawyvita peticia gaegzavnaT
ministrTa komitetis TavmjdomarisaTvis,
xolo aslebi uwmidesi sinodis oberprokurorisaTvis, kavkasiis mefisnacvalsa
da uwmidesi sinodis Tavmjdomare mitropolit antonisaTvis. 29 maisis peticiis teqsti aseTia:
ÌV s-Si dafuZnebul iveriis eklesias V s-Si saTaveSi edga mTavarepiskoposi, romelic damokidebuli iyo antioqiis patriarqze. es damokidebuleba nelnela Sesustda da iveriis eklesiis
mRvdelmTavrebma, romlebmac sruliad
iveriis kaTalikosTa wodeba miiRes, TandaTan daimkvidres ufleba TavianTi eklesiis damoukideblad marTvisa. mcxe75
wlis ganmavlobaSi igi (iveriis eklesia) damoukideblad ganagrZobda marTvas Tavis kaTalikos-patriarq anton IIis moTaveobiT. sxvagvarad arc SeiZleba
yofiliyo. roca erekle II-m, qarTl-kaxeTis mefem rusTa imperatoris uzenaesi
xelisufleba da mfarveloba cno (1783
wlis 24 ivniss), xelSekrulebis me-8
muxlSi daTqmuli iyo, rom `saqarTvelos eklesiis marTvasa da ruseTis sinodisadmi mis damokidebulebaze unda
Sedges gansakuTrebuli muxli~, magram
ar Sedgenila. Sedgenas xeli SeuSala
im garemoebam, rom ZvelTagan dadgenili
wes-CveulebiT qarTveli mefeebi eklesiis saqmeebSi ar ereodnen, Tu eklesia
TviTon ar sTxovda maT Semweobas.
imperatori pavle I, romelmac icoda es da ver poulobda gzas, avtokefaluri eklesia ruseTis sinods rogor
damor Cildebod a, gener al-leite nant
knoringis saxelze daweril 1801 wlis
20 ianvris reskriptSi, sxvaTa Soris,
ambobda, xels ar vaxleb saqarTvelos
eklesiis privilegiebso, magram, miuxedavad yovelivesi, miuxedavad qarTveli
xalxis survilisa - `SenarCunebuliyo
kaTalikosis Tanamdeboba da wodeba~, rac 1801 wlis aprilSi qarTveli elCebis mier sagareo saqmeTa saministro-
g. rogava, qrist ianuli religia da ek lesia s aqarTv eloSi ( 1801-1917), T b., 199 7, gv. 98.
saTvis wardgenil notaSi gamoiTqva,
agreTve miuxedavad kaTalikos anton IIis xelSekrulebebisa, romelmac daamtkica, rom iveriis eklesia avtokefaluria
da ar SeiZleba ruseTis sinods daemorCilos, ruseTis mTavrobam kaTalikosi
anton II aiZula, ruseTSi (1810 wlis 3
noembers) wasuliyo, xolo iveriis eklesia ruseTis eklesias SeuerTa. ruseTis mTavrobam sinodTan erTad miuxedavad III msoflio krebis me-8 da IV msoflio krebis 39-e wesisa, iveriis eklesiis avtokefalia gaauqma da saqarTveloSi
ise daiwyo egzarqosebis daniSvna, Tanxmoba ar hqonda aRmosavleTis patriarqebisa
da adgilobrivi mRvdelmTavrebisac ki.
ruseTis mTavrobam, roca iveriis eklesiis damoukidebloba gaauqma da igi
sinods daumorCila, samRvdeloebas saeklesio mamulebis uSualo gamgebloba
CamoarTva da isini mis mier daniSnul
sammarTvelos gadasca. am gankargulebiT
dairRva saqarTvelos eklesiis ZvelisZv el i uf l eb eb i, r o me lT a m ix ed vi T
saqarTvelos yvela mefe saerTod da kerZod ukanaskneli mefeni erekle II da
giorgi XII icavdnen im wess, rom mefe
eklesias saeklesio miwebs araTu waarTmevda, xelsac ver daakarebda maT. mosalodneli iyo, saeklesio mamulebis saxel mw if os x el Si g ad as vl is S em de g
mTavrobas TviTon ekisra samRvdeloebis
ma te r i al u r a d u z r u n v e lyo f a da
mRvdelmsaxurebi am mxriv pirdapir ar
yofiliyvnen damokidebulni mrevlze.
saqarTvelos eklesiisaTvis avtokefaluri
da qonebrivi uflebebis CamorTmevas,
mxareSi xalxis sulierebisaTvis ucxo
s ae k le s io mm a rT v e lo b is Se m oR e ba s
qarTveli xalxis saeklesio-religiuri
cxovrebis sruli dezorganizacia mohy-
529
va. qarTvelma xalxma, romelsac aRar

hyavda kaTalikosi qveynis `sulieri
mefe~ da moziare mefis winaSe, misi
saxiT meoxi da mfarveli dakarga. gauqmda mravalsaukunovani kaTedrebi, daingra arqiteqturuli TvalsazrisiT SesaniSnavi taZrebi, dacarielda monastrebi, daixura maTTan arsebuli skolebi,
xolo sanacvlod gaxsnili wminda rusuli sasuliero-saswavlo dawesebulebebi mRvdlobis iseT kandidatebs gvTavazoben, romlebic qarTuli mrevlisaTvis
sruliad moumzadebelni arian. mSobliur niadags mowyvetil da biurokratiuli xelisuflebiT aRzrdil mRvdlebs,
xalxSi politikuri tendenciebis gamavrceleblebs, saqarTvelos adrindel
mwyemsTa xibli ar aqvT. yovelive amis
Sedegad odiTgan marTlmadidebel da
jvarmosil qarTvel xalxSi, romelic
cxovrebas locvasa da islamTan brZolaSi atarebda, ar aris SemTxvevebi
Rv Tis msax urT a S eur acx yofi sa, ma Ti
mkvlelobisa, Tavisi wridan ara marto
mwyemsTa, aramed mwyemsmTavris gaZevebisa, ZvelisZveli salocavebis wabilwvisa, gaZarcvisa, gadawvisa da a.S.
qarTulma samRvdeloebam mxedvelobaSi miiRo zemoTqmuli, agreTve is, rom
jer erTi, iveriis eklesia kanonikurad
gaxlavT avtokefaluri, vinaidan ar yofila krebis dadgenileba misi avtokefaliis
gauqmebisa da arc SeiZleboda yofiliyo; meorec, mxolod eklesias, romelsac Tavisuflad SeuZlia TviTSegnebis
srulad aRsruleba, Tavisufalia Sinagani wyobilebiT, Tavisuflad ZaluZs
Tavisi sityviT msaxureba, yvela Tavisi
saqmisa da misdami rwmunebuli yovelives
Tavisuflad marTva, mxolod Tavisuflad
TviTmmarTvel eklesias Seswevs unari,
daicvas Tavisi sruli didebuli wmida
530
rwmena da savsebiT flobdes misi RvTae-
V) iveriis eklesias daubrundes sax-
brivi mowodebis gansaxorcieleblad

aucilebel xmas, romelic adamianis guls
elmwifosaTvis gadacemuli yvela saeklesio mamuli~.

peticias xeli moawera 412 RvTismsaxurma. 7 6
1905 wlis 28-29 maiss TbilisSi gam-
aRanTebs; da bolos, eklesiis damoukideblad arsebobisaTvis metad saWiroa materialuri saSualebani, amitom iTxovs:
I) iveriis eklesias daubrundes avtokefaluri uflebebi da Tavisi kaTalikosiTurT aRdges mcxeTa-iveriis kaTalikosati adrindel sazRvrebSi (guberniebi: Tbilisis, quTaisis, baTumisa, nawili Savi zRvis guberniisa afxazeTi,
samurzayano da zaqaTalas olqi).
II) aRdges wesi, roca RvTismsaxurTa ganTavisulebul adgilebs arCevnebis
Sedegad ikaveben.
SeniSvna 1: krebulis wevrTa adgilebis
dasakaveblad mrevli irCevs uflebaunarian kandidatebs, xolo samRvdeloeba da xalxis warmomadgenlebi - kaTalikossa da mRvdel-msaxurebs. arCeul mRvdelmTavars amtkicebs iveriis eklesiis yvela mRvdelmTavris kreba kaTalikosis meTaurobiT da kaTalikosTan arsebuli wmida sinodi, xolo kaTalikoss - uzenaesi
saero xelisufleba.
SeniSvna 2: mRvdelmTavarTan arsebul saeparqio sabWoze ama Tu im adgilze sasuliero pirTa kandidatebis arCevis saqmis jerovani ganxilvis Semdeg arCeuls amtkicebs da Sesabamis
wodebas aniWebs adgilobrivi episkoposi, romelsac yovel SemTxvevaSi ufleba aqvs dasabuTebuli veto-s dadebisa.
III) kaTalikosTan dafuZndes wmida
sinodi (Tavmjdomare kaTalikosi), xolo
eparqiis mRvdelmTavrebTan sabWoebi,
Sedgenili garkveuli vadiT arCeuli sasuliero da saero pirTagan.
IV) kaTalikosTan arsebuli wmida sinodis xelSi moeqces yvela eklesiis,
monastris, samRvdeloebis, saswavlo-sasuliero dawesebulebebisa da saqvelmoqmedo dawesebulebebis umaRlesi marTva-gamgeoba.
76
, 1906 w. #2;
77
arTulma qarTl-kaxeTis samRvdeloebis

krebam daadgina: `mavnebelia sasuliero
seminariebsa da saswavleblebSi gamefebuli reJimi, amitomac gadawyda daixuros es saswavleblebi im dromde, sanam sruliad ar gadakeTdeba~. zaqaTalis
olqis samRvdeloebac SeuerTda am gadawyvetilebas, amitomac ar miiRebs monawileobas Telavis sasuliero saswavleblis xarjT-aRricxvis gansaxilvelad
daniSnul krebaze~. 77
sasuliero saswavleblebi ZiriTadad
qarTveli samRvdeloebis mier gaRebuli
xarjiT arsebobda, seminariebSi ki maT
Svilebs arusebdnen, imdenad, rom rusul
enaze aRzrdili axalgazrdebi qarTulad gam arTu lad w eris uco dina rni
iyvnen, samSoblos istorias ki ar icnobdnen. krebam am saswavleblebis daxurva daadgina reorganizaciamde, rac
ra Tqma unda aRmaSfoTebeli iyo rusi
Cinovnikebisa da pirvel rigSi Tbilisis
sasuliero seminariis reqtorisaTvis.
amitomac man Sesabamisi zomebi miiRo.
meore dRes, anu 31 maiss gagrZelda 27Si dawyebuli kreba, magram igi imdenad
mniSvnelovani iyo, rom SeiZleba igi IV
krebad CavTvaloT.
4) 1905 wlis 31 maiss yriloba gagrZelda. krebaze movida qalaqis mravali

saero piric. gaismoda lozungebi - `Zirs
s em in a ri is re qt or i ~. T a vm jd o ma re m
sxdoma daxura, magram seminariis dar-
mwyemsi, 1905, #13-14 , gv. 16.
531
bazi krebis monawileebma ar datoves.
ise gansakuTrebiT sasuliero xelisu-
erTma nawilma ki quCaSi gadainacvla.

reqtorma gamoiZaxa policia. quCaSi,
fleba mkacrad wavida avtokefaliis aRdgenis winaaRmdeg, amasTanave sasuliero
puSkinis skveris siaxloves am dros

mokles erTi policieli, movidnen kazakebi da Cafrebi, romelTac daiwyes
xe li suf le ba ga dav id a rep re sie bz e.

quTaisis seminaria daxures. Tbilisis
seminariidan da qalTa eparqialuri sas-
xalxis garekva seminariis Senobidan

da quCidan, kazakebi daarwmunes viTo-
wavleblidan (romelic saSualo skola

iyo) daiTxoves qarTveli mowafeebis didi
mda `policieli mRvdelma mokla~. kazakebma samRvdeloebis garekva daiwyo

maTraxis ce miT. samRvdeloebis cemam sazogadoeba aRaSfoTa: `kazakis maTraxiT
scemes xalxis sindiss. Cveni sulieri
umetesoba. amdeni axalgazrdis quCaSi

datovebam aaRelva samRvdeloeba, amitom qarTl-kaxeTis samRvdeloeba soflebidan TviTneburad Seikriba TbilisSi
(sul xuTasamde kaci). egzarqosi iZu-
mamebis cema Cveni cemaa, Cveni colebisa

da bavSvebisa~. 78 male egzarqosi da req-
lebuli gaxda samRvdeloebis yrilobis

gaxsnis neba daerTo, magram ori dRis
tori ruseTSi gaiwvies.

sa zo ga do ebi s az ri as eT i iy o:
`qarTvelni mRvdelni rom Seikribnen Tavis
s a rw m u no e b i sa T v is , T av i s ek l e si i s
saWiroebazed mosalaparakeblad, es amboxebad miiRes da gaamaTraxes~. 79 erma
Tavi Seuracxyofilad igrZno. s. kakabaZe am movlenebTan dakavSirebiT werda:
`garkveul wreebSi gaCnda miswrafeba
saqarTvelos eklesiisaTvis avtokefaliis
aRdgenisa, saegzarqosos gauqmebiT da
damoukidebeli kaTalikosobis aRdgeniT.
Semdeg yrilobis monawileT mouwyves

provokacia da Tavs daasxes kazakebi da
policia. bevri mRvdeli sastikad galaxul iqna maTraxebiT (1905 w. maisi)~. 80
aRniSnuli kreba tardeboda 1905 wlis
31 maiss. kirionis azriT, `31 maisis
incidentis gamo metad gamwvavda sarwmunoebrivi sakiTxi saqarTveloSi, vinaidan udanaSaulod gamaTraxebulma da
cemiT amoxocilma qarTvelma samRvdeloebam araviTari zneobrivi dakmayofileba ar miiRo visganac jer iyo~. 81 v.
maSin, somxebis msgavsad Tbilisis seminariaSi da SedarebiT axal quTaisis seminariaSi, agreTve yvela sasuliero saswavlebelSi da saeklesio samrevlo
skolebSi swavla SemoRebuli iqneboda
qarTul enaze da amiT qarTveli xalxi
nawilobriv mainc Tavs daaRwevda saimperio mTavrobis gamarusebel politikas. saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis aRdgenis azrs Zlierad CasWides xeli
ToraZe, n. ToraZis azriT - ègzarqos

aleqsis brZanebiT samRvdeloebis krebis
monawileebs, romlebmac gabedes msjeloba
Tavis mdgomareobaze rusis yazaxebma
maTraxebiT scemes~. 82
1905 wlis 31 maiss sasuliero seminariis SenobaSi saeklesio kreba faqtobrivad CaiSala, magram man Seasrula
Tavisi saqme, radganac udidesi gavlena
iqonia Semdgomdroindel movlenebze.
episkoposebma da samRvdeloebis wamyvanma nawilma. ruseTis rogorc saero,
am krebasTan dakavSirebiT g. rogava

wers: qarTveli samRvdeloebis `gaerTiane-
k.p . kalis trate, `Cemi mogoneb ebidan~, 2001, gv. 9 0; 7 9 mwyemsi, 1905, #11, gv. 14; 80 s. kakabaZe,
qarT vel i xal xis ist oria, 19 97 , g v. 234; 81 j vari vazis a, 19 90, # 3, gv . 57; 82 v . To raZe ,
`saq arTvel os mar Tlmadidebeli eklesiis isto ria XIX da XX saukuneebSi~, 1995, gv. 198.
78
532
b a -g a Z l ie r e b is
iyo
zakebi mRvdlebs uyvirodnen: `Tqven unda
saqarTvelos samRvdeloebis gaerTianebuli krebis an yrilobis mowveva, magram

amis nebarTvas egzarqosi ar iZleoda,
qarTvelma mRvdelmTavrebma gadawyvites
yriloba moewviaT 1905 wlis 28 maiss.
loculobdeT da ara buntobdeTo~. 84 `yrilobis darbeva inspirirebuli iyo mSiSara da pirwavardnili Sovinist reqtor nikandris mier, romlis ukan egzarqosi da rusi samRvdloeba idga~. 84
27 maiss TbilisSi Camovida 240-mde sasuliero piri sxvadasxva adgilidan. 28

maiss egzarqos aleqss warudga deputacia qarTl-kaxeTis samRvdeloebis yri-
`saqarTveloSi ar darCenila eparqia, romlis samRvdeloebis krebasac ar

daegmo es yovlad gaumarTlebeli aqcia
xelisuflebisa da saegzarqosos mxriv.
lobis mowvevis moTxovniT da igi iZulebuli gaxda maT dayabuleboda, magram yrilobis gaxsnis dRed dainiSna
1 ivnisi. manamde egzarqosma miiRo yovelnairi zoma, rom aRniSnuli dRisaTvis
TbilisSi Camosuliyvnen baqos, erevnis
da elizavetpolis rusi samRvdeloebis
warmomadgenlebi, raTa isini daepirispirebina qarTvelebisaTvis da maTi ganzraxvisaTvis xeli SeeSalaT~. 83
`qarTvel ebma, romlebic mixvdnen
eg za rq osi s ga nzr ax vas , ga daw yv it es
daeswroT misTvis da yriloba gaxsnes
am krebebze miRebul rezoluciebSi erTxel kidev xazg asmiT iyo a RniSn uli
saqarTvelos eklesiis TviTTavadobis
dauyovnebliv aRdgena-aucilebloba~. 8 4
`Tbilisis saqalaqo dumam (saTaTbirom) 2 ivniss Tavis sxdomaze specialurad ganixila es sakiTxi (samRvdeloebis darbevis faqti) da miiRo saTanado rezolucia:
a) gamoecxados Rrma TanagrZnoba
qarTvel samRvdeloebas maT warmomadgenlebze gaugonari Zaladobis gamoyenebis gamo;
29 maiss sasuliero seminariis SenobaSi. erT-erTi ZiriTadi sakiTxi iyo seminariaSi Seqmnili mdgomareoba, saidanac adre àrasando~ qarTveli studentebi iqnen garicxulni. am dros seminariis reqtorad iyo qarTvelTa moZule
arqimandriti nikandri.
b) gamoxatul iqnes uRrmesi SeSfoTeba moZaladeebis mimarT, romlebmac saSineli Seuracxyofa miayenes saqarTvelos
eklesiis warmomadgenlebs;
g ) samRvdeloebis yrilobas gaegzavnos adresi Tbilisis saqalaqo sazogadoebrivi sammarTvelosagan TanagrZno-
31 maiss, saRamos, 7 saaTisaTvis, roca

yrilobas unda daewyo saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis aRdgenis sakiTxis
ganxilva, reqtori s binaSi gamoCnda
policia ubnis pristavi nabibekovis
ufrosobiT. policias male Seematnen kazakebi, romlebic darbazSi xmauris sababiT SeiWrnen seminariis SenobaSi da
daiwyes yrilobis delegatTa umowyalod
cema, ganurCevlad erisa da berisa. ka-
bi s g amos axa tav ad m omx dar amb ebT an

dakavSirebiT;
d ) ecnobos ruseTisa da sazRvargareTis yvela didi gazeTis redaqciebs,
rom TbilisSi moxda iseTi ambavi, romlisgan SeZrwundeba mTeli civilizebuli msoflio.
e) dadgenili wesiT aRiZras Suamdgomloba kazak-policielebis gamoyenebaze
m Sv i do bi a ni mo sa x le o bi s m im a rT ,
83
m i z ni T
s aW i r o
g. rogava, qristianuli religia da eklesia saqarTveloSi (1801-1817), Tb., 1997, gv. 99;
84
iqve, furc. 22.
533
amasTanave aRiniSnos, rom mRelvare mx-
iaSvili, xaxutaSvili, TiTibaZe, Ta-
ares dawynareba SeiZleba mxolod dapirebuli reformebis saswrafod ga-
lakvaZe; mRvdlebi: cicqiSvili, gulisaSv i l i, c i n c a Ze , g a m r ek e l i Z e , j a S i ,
tarebis gziT;
v) eTxovos mxaris umaRles xelisuflebas, qalaqis warmomadgenlebTan erTad, mkacrad gamoiZios mizezebi samRvdeloebis mimarT Cadenili veluri
CiqavaZe, oqropiriZe, kapanaZe, SublaZe,

jaliaSvili, SiukaSvili, jioevi, begiaSvili; diakonebi: sanaSvili, oqropiriZe
da bakuraZe~. 87
mefis nacvalma kavkasiaSi i. i. voron-
danaSaulisa da pirebi, romlebic xelmZRvanelobdnen am Zaladobas.
cov-daSkovma am incidentTan dakavSirebiT Seqmna sagamomZieblo komisia, romel-
z ) niSnad Rrma mwuxarebisa, romlebsac iziarebs mTeli mosaxleoba, miuxedavad misi religiisa, erovnulobisa da
Sic Sevidnen: general-maiori staxoviCi

(Tavmjdomare), Tbilisis Tavadaznaurobis winamZRoli Tavadi a. a. jambakur-
aRmsareblobisa, saqarTvelos samRvde-
orbeliani, mRv. q. cicqiSvili da eg-
loebis gamo, duma wyvets muSaobas~.

`miuxedavad imisa, rom yriloba darbeul iqna, man moaswro rigi dadgenilebebis miReba, romelSiac Semdegs
z ar qo si s wa rm om ad ge ne li k ol eg ii s
mrCeveli trelini. am ambebTan dakavSirebiT 27-ma blaRoCinma gaakeTa gancxadeba, rom isini uars amboben TavianTi
vkiTxulobT:
a) saeklesio skolebSi dReidan yvela sagani unda iswavlebodes qarTulad. rusuli ena darCes erT-erT savalde-
movaleobis Sesrulebaze, sanam ar daadgendnen da ar dasjidnen im pirebs, vinc

moawyo samRvdeloebis es awiokeba~. 87
`ruseTis uwmidesma sinodma qarTve-
bulo sagnad;
b) sasuliero-saswavlo dawesebulebebi gardaqmnili iqnes saero saswavleblebis msgavsad, romlebSiac mSobli-
li samRvdeloebis yriloba arakanonierad miiCnia, xolo misi monawileni ki

damnaS aveebad, ro mlebic sama rTalSi
micemas eqvemdebarebodnen. `yvela monaw-
uri ena unda iswavlebodes rusuli enis

doneze, xolo saRvTo kanonebi, saqarTelos istoria da geografia qarTul enaze;
g ) ministrTa komitetSi gagzavnili
peticiis aslebi gaegzavnos mefis nacvals
iles, romelmac xeli moawera yrilobis

dad genile bebs, Seuwy des x elfase bi,
ufleba CamoerTvaT saxelmwifos jildoze warsadgenad 10 wlis vadiT da
samudamod moexsnaT ufleba saxelmwifo
kavkasiaSi da saqarTvelos egzarqoss;

d ) 31 m aiss mo mxdar inciden tTan
dakavSirebiT yriloba Sewydes~. 86
xazinidan mieRoT saeparqioSi moRvaweobisaTvis kuTvnili pensia. aseTi iyo is

sasjeli, romelic qarTvelma samRvde-
`yrilobis delegatebi daubrundnen

TavianT adgilebs. maTi interesebis dasacavad Seiqmna droebiTi komisia samRvdeloebis warmomadgenlebisagan, romelSic
loebam xelisuflebisagan TviTneburi gamosvlis gamo miiRo~. 88
Sevidnen protoerebi: tyemalaZe, SoS-
Tis samRvdeloebam gamarTa TaTbiri.
85
5) 1905 wlis 3 ivniss qarTl-kaxe-
g. rogava, dasax. naSr., furc. 14; 86 iq ve, furc. 15;

saeg zarqos o 1900-1917 wlebSi, 1995 q . gv. 126.
85
87
iqve , gv. 10 1;
88
q. pavliaSvili, saqarTv elos
534
daadgines 15 kaci TbilisSi dalode-
naaRmdegebodnen qarTveli sasuliero
boda 31 maisis incidentis gamoZiebis

Sedegebs.
pirebi e.w. saeparqio Sekrebebze. survilis miuxedavad, es sakiTxi ver ganixi-
biT aRSfoTebuli samRvdeloeba awyobda krebebs sxvadasxva kuTxeebSi, magaliTad 1905 w. 17 ivliss bodbisxevSi
la qarTl-kaxeTis saeparqio krebam,

romelic Sedga 1893 wlis oqtombris
TveSi (gaz. ìveria~, 1893, #216-226).
am mxriv ufro meti gambedaoba gamoiCina samegreloSi Semdgarma krebebma.
gaimarTa siRnaRis mazris samRvdeloebis kreba, romelmac moiTxova saqarTve-
samegrelo da mTeli qarTveli sazogadoeba ukiduresad aRaSfoTa xe-
los eklesiis avtokefaliis aRdgena da

saeklesio mamulebis dabruneba. 89
lisuflebis mizanmimarTulma qmedebam

qarTveli eris konsolidaciis Sesaferxeblad qarTvelTa eTnikur tomebad
6) 31 maisis movlenebTan dakavSire-
daSlis mizniT. sasuliero organo gazeT
7) samegrelos I (18 89 w.), II (1893
`mwyemsSi~ SeSfoTebuli qarTveli RvTismsaxuri werda: `did imperias mivekedleT

umTavresad imisaTvis, rom daqsaqsuli
eri iveriisa Sekrebiliyo, gaerTianebu-
w.) da III (1905 w. 12.06) saeklesio

Sekr eba. m Teli XI X s-is manZi lze,
gauqmebis dros, adgilobrivi saeklesio
liyo da SeerTebuli ZaliT Sedgomoda

erovnul saqmes... magram [rusebi] iRwvian, raTa es erToba ar Camovardes CvenTa Soris. Cveni daqsaqsva, danawileba
kreba ar Catarebula, mizezi amisa iyo

is, rom TviT ruseTis udides eklesiaSi, patriarqobis institutis gauqmebis
Semdeg ar Catarebula adgilobrivi (ruse-
da daqucmaceba ai, maTi jojoxeTuri

ideali~. 9 0
qarTvelTa daSla-daqucmacebis ideali kargad Camoayaliba saqarTvelos sae-
Tis) saekleso kreba saimperatoro (saxelmwifo) nebiT. amitomac, cxadia, adgil obrivi sae klesio kre ba a rc
saqarTveloSi Sei Zleboda yofiliyo
mowveuli, magram Zalze mniSvnelovani
gzarqosos saeklesio skolebis meTvalyurem de kanozma vostorgo vma. igi

saqarTvelos adgilobriv mosaxleobas
hyofda erTmaneTis mimarT damoukidebel
èrebad~, aseTebi, misi azriT, iyvnen
iyo saeparqio, saeparqio-saeklesio Sekrebani, saqarTveloSi erT-erTi aseTi SekrebaTagani iyo samegreloSi mowveuli sami
`qarTl-kaxelebi~, ìmerlebi~, `gurulebi~, `xevsurebi~, `fSavlebi~, `svanebi~,

`samurzayanoelebi~ da a.S. 91
saeklesio kreba.
saxelmwifoebriv sferodan gandevnis
Semdeg, ruseTis xelisuflebis mcdelobas
kulturisa da ekonomikis sferodanac
1904 wlis 14 dekembers peterburgSi wakiTxul moxsenebaSi igi amtkicebda , r o m xe v su re b i da f S a v le b i

`gaqarTvelebuli CaCnebi arian~. 92 misive
ganedevna qarTuli ena, farulad ewi-
azriT, svanebis zneobrivi daqveiTeba
samegrelos krebebi
89
92
mwyemsi, 1905, #13-14 , gv. 7;

`mwemsi~, 1905, #8, gv . 8.
90
gaz eTi `mwyemsi~, 1905, # 5, gv. 6;
91
`mwyemsi~, 1905, #8, gv . 6;
535
gamoiwvia iman, rom svaneTSi `dRemdis
ena, romelic amave dros saerTo-sax-
wirva-locva da skolaSi swavleba qarTulad swarmoebda~, 92 igi dabejiTebiT
alxo enas warmoadgenda, xasiaTdeboda

zogaderovnuli mTlianobiT, miuxedavad
moiTxovda: `samurzayanoSi swavleba da

R vT is ms a xu re b a un d a sw a rm o eb de s
pirdapir rusulad!~ 92 i. vostorgovi
bednieri da kmayofili iyo imiT, rom
afxazeTidan mis dros gaZevebuli iqna
qveynis daqsaqsvisa, ar amJRavnebda tomobriv-geografiul mikerZoebas, arc enobriv-stilisturad, arc ideur-politikurad, amitomac ar arsebobda aRmosavlur qarTuli, samxreT qarTuli da
qarTuli ena - àfxazeTSi bolo dromde aswavlidnen qarTulad da wirva-
dasavlur qarTuli literaturuli mimarTulebani. mTeli qarTuli sasulie-
locvac qarTuladve sruldeboda, axla

ki skolebSi pirdapir rusulad aswavlian da wirva-locva slavur enaze
ro Tu saero literatura (mwerloba)

arsebiTad iyo erTianqarTuli. saqarTvelos romel kuTxeSic ar unda Seqmnil-
swarmoebs~. 92 kidev ufro kmayofili iyo
iyi esa Tu is nawarmoebi da romeli
imiT, rom osebiT dasaxlebul qarTlis

mTianeTidan gaZevebul iqna qarTuli ena
- òsebi amierkavkasiaSi aqamde qarTuls
swavlobdnen skolaSi da qarTul enaze
qarTuli tomis warmomadgenelic ar unda

yofiliyo misi avtori. ismis kiTxva,
ratom ar warmoiqmna Zvel saqarTveloSi literaturis kuTxur-tomobrivi mi-
wirva-locvasac ismendnen. bolo dros

qarTuli ena osTa skolebidan da eklesiebidan gandevnil iqna da mis nacvlad damyarda rusuli ena~. 92
marTulebani? rogorc kvlevebi miuTiTebs, 93 saqarTveloSi qarTuli saeklesio (s aliteraturo) eni s zogaderovnuloba, erTaderToba da yovlis-
i. vostorgovi amayad askvnida: ùsam ar Tl ob a d a pe da g og iu ri mo Tx ov nil ebaT a sa wina aRmde goa megr eleb is,
svanebis afxazebisa da osebisaTvis sa-
momcveloba gamowveuli iyo qarTveli

eris enobrivi mTlianobiT gvian Sua
saukuneebamde (XVI-XVII ss-mde), saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi mTlianobis
literaturo qarTuli enis swavleba.

Tu ers ara aqvs mwerloba da RvTismsaxurebis ena unda aswavlo rusuli
da slavianuri!~ 91
XIX-XX ss-mde saqarTvelos yevla
daSlamde. kuTxuri samefo-samTavroebis

Camoyalibebam da maTma saxelmwifoebrivi
erTeulebis saxiT TiTqmis 300-wlovanma arsebobam, xeli Seuwyo qarTuli enis
mTlianobis darRvevas, dialeqtebis, uki-
kuTxeSi rogorc aRmosavleTSi, ise dasavleTSi, maT Soris afxazeTsa, svaneTsa da samegreloSi saeklesio da salit-
dures ganapira mxareebSi ki damoukidebeli enebis Camoyalibebas. iqamde ki,

aTaswleuliT adre, rogorc ivane jav-
eraturo saWiroebisaTvis mxolod Zveli qarTuli ena gamoiyeneboda. arc erTi

adgilobrivi dialeqti saRvTismetyvelo
mizniT gamoyenebuli ar yofila, saqme
axiSvils aqvs garkveuli, erTiani zogadqarTuli samwerlo enis Seqmna-SemuSavebis procesSi IV-V ss-Si, TviT samegrelosa da svaneTis aqtiuri Rvawli ueWve-
is iyo, rom Zveli qarTuli saeklesio
lia, iv. javaxiSvili werda - `qarTvel
a. jafariZe, qar Tuli s aeklesio (sal iteraturo) en is Camo yalibe bis sak iTxisaTvis, ioane l azi,
200 2, gv. 6.
93
536
ers Tavisi mravalsaukunovani saxelmwifoebrivi samwerlo ena hqonda da aqvs,

romelic megrelebisa da svanebisaTvisac
erTaderTi samwerlobo da kulturis
ena iyo da aris exlac, romlis SeqmnaSemuSavebaSic megrelebsa da svanebsac
TavianTi wvlili aqvT Setanili~. 94
SeeZloT Tu ara megrelebsa da svanebs IV-V ss-Si qarTuli samwerlo (saeklesio) enis Seqmna-SemuSavebaSi monawileobis miReba? am kiTxvasac gasca pasuxi iv. javaxiSvilma. man Tavisi kvlevis Sedegad daamtkica, rom jer kidev
warmarTobis dros gaqristianebmade,
e.i. IV s-mde gacilebiT adre, yvela
qarTuli tomis mier, maT Soris samegrelosa da svaneTSi, warmarTuli kerpTmsaxureba anu warmarTuli locva-rituali qarTul enaze aResruleboda. iv.
javaxiSvili werda: àramcTu sazogado
qarTuli, yvela qarTuli tomisaTvis,
maT Soris megrelTa da svanTaTvisac,
saerTo warmarToba arsebobda, aramed,
rom am warmarTobas saerTo terminologiac, saerTo enac qarTuli hqonda~. 95
XIX s-is bolosa da XX s-is dasawyisSi, rogorc aRiniSna, rusi saeklesio xelisufleba Seecada 2000-wlovani erovnuli cxovrebis saxis Secvlas qarTveli eris daSla-daqucmacebis, saboloo jamSi ki garusebis mizniT.
imdroindeli qarTveli sasuliero piri
werda: `Tu ara survili Cvenis damxobisa, maS raa es daJinebuli Caciveba
megrelebo gafrTxildiT, qarTvelebs
Tqveni Caylapva surT, Tqven qarTvelebi
ki ara, megrelebi xarTo, sxvisi batonoba rad gindaT, sakuTari literatura da RvTis msaxureba unda gaiCinoT. Tu Tqven ar ZalgiZT esa, Cven
iv. javaxiSvili, t. 1., 1979, gv. 154;
1908, #8, gv. 6.
94
95
dagexmarebiTo. am `zrunvam~ dabada batoni aSordia... sad gagonila aseTi aRviraxsniloba: mTeli samegrelo RaRadebs,
batono, mogvasveneT, Cven ukeT viciT,
raca an vinca varTo, magram `Zalad macxovnebelni~ Tavisas ar iSlian
da ganagrZoben qarTveli eris erTobis dangreva-darRvevas~. 9 6
samegrelosa da saqarTvelos sxva
kuTxeebSi rusulma xelisuflebam imis
Semdeg daiwyo brZola, rac centrSi kraxi
ganicada qarTuli enis damcvelebTan
Setakebisas, kerZod XIX s-is 70-ian
wlebSi wm. episkoposi gabriel qiqoZe
win aRudga ganaTlebis dargSi ianovskilevickis munjuri meTodiT swavlebas,
romlis mizani iyo qarTuli enis sruli
gandevna saqarTvelos skolebidan. SedarebisaTvis moviyvanT i. vostorgovis
damokidebulebas munjuri meTodis mimarT. 1904 w. peterburgSi Semdgar erT
TaTbirze man ganacxada - `didi gamarjvebaa munjuri meTodis SemoReba skolebSi. adgilobriv (e.i. qarTvel) inteligentebs guli uskdebaT am meTodis SemoRebiT, isini cdiloben skola rusTa da
eklesiis (igulisxmeba rusuli eklesia)
sawinaaRmdego iaraRad gadaaqcion~. 97 wm.
gabrieli, rogorc Cans, damarcxda munjuri meTodiT swavlebis SemoRebis momxmareebTan brZolisas, miuxedavad amisa,
man 1872 wels gailaSqra g. muxranskis
winaaRmdeg, romelic amtkicebda didi
eris mier patara erebis da maTi enis
gaqroba-asimilaciis gardauvalobas. dimitri yifiani da wm. ilia marTali TavgamodebiT icavdnen qarTuli enis uflebebs mTeli sazogadoebis mxardaWeriT.
amitomac, axla rusma moxeleebma gadawyvites sxva gza aerCiaT qarTvelTa daS-
iqve, gv. 156;
96
gaz. `mwyemsi~, 1906, #5, gv. 6;
97
`mwyemsi~,
537
la-daqsaqsvis mizniT, erTiani qarTveli
gana aqedan is unda vigulisxmoT, rom
eris konsolidaciis Sesaferisad. amisaTvis iyenebdnen rogorc religiur, ise

kuTxur-tomobriv imJamisTvis realur
arsebul momentebs. rusma ideologebma
gadawyvites qarTveli erisaTvis Camoe-
qarTvelTaganni aravin moisurvebda nebiT,

an garemoebaTa mixedviT mieRo sxva religiis aRsareba? ra saTqmelia. am ramdenime wlis winaT erTma frangma deput at ma m ah ma di an ob a m ii Ro , ar ab ul i
SorebinaT qarTveli mahmadianebi, qarTveli kaTolikeni, qarTveli grigorianelebi

araeTikuri, fsevdosarwmunoebrivi meTodebis daxmarebiT, kerZod, imis mtki-
tanisamosiT dabrZanda parlamentSi, aseTi saqcieli aravis ar gahkvirvebia, CvenSi

ki suli gauWires qarTvel kaTolikeT...
me gr el eb sa viT a ma Ta c m ia ci vd ne n,
cebiT, rom qarTvelebi istoriulad mxolod marTlmadideblebi iyvnen, TiTqosda arasodes qarTveloba anda maTi nawili ar iRebda sxva sarwmunoebriv aRmsareblobas, kerZod, TiTqosda qarTveli grigorianlebi arian ara eTnikuri
qarTvelebi, aramed piriqiT `gaqarTvelebuli somxebi~, msgavsadve TiTqosda
qarTveli kaTolikebi da mahmadianebi Sesabamisad iyvnen eTnikuri somxebi da
Turqebi (TaTrebi) qarTul garemoSi
moxvedrilni da amdenad, gaqarTvelebulni, am mzakvrul xerxianobas maSinve
qarTvelebi ara xarT, Cven vzrunavT

Tqvenzeo... 1828 wels saqarTvelos SemouerTda mesxeTi, aq dabinavebul qarTvel mahmadianobas oficialurad uwodes
TaTrebi. es iseTive simarTlea, rogorc
isa, dedamiwa veSapis zurgzeda dgaso.
saidan sadao wmidao sabao! sad TaTari
da sad qarTveli, xval rom mahmadianoba miviRoT, gana gavTaTrdebi, anda arabad, osmalod viqcevi? mahmadiani mefeebi blomada gvyavda, magram saqarTvelo
maSinac saTaTreTad arvis gamoucxadebia, axla ki damRa dahkres saqarTve-
mixvda qarTuli sasuliero wodebis erTi

nawili da ase upasuxa mas `XIX s-Si
rusis yovlisa SemZle biurokratiam
moWora tyuili, Sehqmna zRapari da mohfina vrcels imperias `qarTvelebi ise
mtkice marTlmadideblebi iyvnen, rom SeuZlebelia maT Soris sxva aRsarebis mqone-
l os e r T na w il s. T x un el a Z ir s
gamouTxris saqarTvelos, gamoRrRnis
soxum-afxazeTs, samegrelos, mahmadianobas, kaTolikobas, saingilos, istoriuli eri jer waiCoqebs, mere ise gaiSxlarTeba fexze wamoyenebas veRaravin
ikisrebs~98 werda qarTveli sasulie-
beli moipovebodes vinmeo, amis gamo,

vinc marTlmadideblobas ar aRiarebs,
qarTveli ar ariso!!! samwuxaro Sedegi
mohyva am tyuilisa da sicruis gudas.
auarebeli qarTveli mahmadiani Camogvaciles, uari uTxres qarTvelobaze
qarTvel-kaTolikeT da, rogorc amboben,
ara hsurT Seiwynaron qarTveli grigorianni. SesaZlebelia, rom Zvelad mtkiced vadeqiT marTlmadideblobas, magram
ro organo XX s-is dasawyisSi (samwuxarod, asi wlis Semdegac, 2003 wlisaTvis, igive suraTia, ufro uaresi).
rogorc aRiniSna, ruseTis biurokratiam gadawyvita ara mxolod fsevdosarwmunoebrivi meTodebiT esargebla qarTveli eris daSla-danawevrebisaTvis, aramed
gamoeyenebina imJamad mkveTrad gamokveTili
kuTxuroba eTnikur-tomobrivad daqsaqsuli qarTvelobisa, Seecada TiToeuli
98
mwyemsi, 1905, #5, gv . 7.
538
tomi, anu Temi gamoecxadebina èrad~ da
ioseliani ajamebs qarTl-kaxeTis uka-
daepirispirebina erTmaneTisaTvis.
XV-XVI ss-Si saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi mTlianobis darRvevam da mis
a dg i lz e s x v ad a sx v a e rT m an e T is a ga n
damoukidebeli kuTxuri samefo-
naskneli mefis giorgi XIII-is Semdgom

rusTa mmarTvelo bis damyarebas
saqarTveloSi: `Temni qarTvelTa samefoAsa, daglejilni da danawevrebulni,
gauqmdnen. mcxovrebi TemTa amaT: imer-
samTavroebis warmoqmnam safuZveli Seuryia erTian qarTul TviTSemecnebas.

kuTxur saxelmwifoebriv erTeulebSi,
gansakuTrebiT ki periferiebSi aswleulTa
elni, megrelni, gurulni, svanni, raWvelni da samcxelni Seiqmnen [erad] da

iwodnen qarTvelebad~. 99
platon ioseliani kuTxur saxelm-
manZilze (XVI-XVIII ss-Si) TandaTanobiT Camoyalibda, gaRrmavda da ganmtkicda eTnikur-geografiuli niSan-Tvisebebi, warmoiqmna kuTxuri dialeqtebi,
enak avebi d a enebi c ki. Camoyal ibda
qarTleloba, kaxeloba, imerloba, megreloba, guruloba, svanoba, mesxoba da
ase Semdeg. rogorc aRvniSneT, amis
mizezi iyo kuTxuri saxelmwifoebrivi
warmonaqmnebis arseboba, radganac saxelmwifos aqvs unari Tavisi sazRvrebis
SigniT mcxovreb mosaxleobas xangrZlivi
Tanacxovrebis Semdeg misces sakuTari
wifoebriv erTeulebs (qarTls, kaxeTs,

imereTs, samegrelos da a.S.) uwodebs
`Temebs~ warmoSobilT erTiani `qarTvelTa
samefos~ dagleja-danawevrebis Sedegad.
igi udides istoriul warmatebad miiCnevs am Temis mcxovrebTa kuTxuri TviTSemecnebis e.i. ìmerlobis, megrelobis,
gurulobis, svanobis, raWvelobis, samcxe-aTabagobis~ gauqmebas da maTi erTiani erovnul i TviTSe mecnebis e.i.
`qarTvelobis~ aRorZinebas, es mas miaCnia RvTis gangebad. aseTia misi Txzulebis `cxovreba giorgi XIII-isa~ dabo-
e Tn ik ur i s ax e. aq ed a n ga mo m di na re ,
saqarTvelos gaerTianeba, kuTxuri samefo samTavroebis anu saxelmwifoebrivi
erTeulebis mospoba uTuod xels Seuwyobda erTiani erovnuli (e.i. qarTuli)
TviTSemecnebis ganmtkicebas, mis aRdgenasa da aRorZinebas. marTlac, ruseTis
loeba srulad: `RvTisa gangebasa veravin Seayenebs. ganixilon mkiTxvelTa amis,

vis SeeZlo qarTvelTa samefoAsa dacva,
garda rusTa. TviT ruseTi, viTarca kolosi didi, ebrZoda 70 da metsa welsa
kavkasiisa mTisa mcxovrebTa, `TaTrobisa~ gamo qarTvelTa (qristianobisa gamo)
imperiis mier qarTuli kuTxuri saxelmwifoebrivi erTeulebis, samefo-samTavroebis gauqmebam xeli Seuwyo erTiani qarTuli TviTSemecnebis aRorZinebas, esaa faqti,
Tumca ki, cxadia, saocari. am faqts
Tavis dros yuradReba miaqcia cnobilma
Tavisi droisaTvis saxelovanma istorikosma platon ioselianma. es faqti man
miiCnia ruseTis imperiis mmarTvelobis
dadebiT Sedegad saqarTveloSi. platon
mterTa. gangebaman RvTisa qmna ese, romel

rusTa ZaliTa damSvidnen mTisa mcxovrebni Temni TviT qarTvelTa samefoAsa, daglejilni da danawevrebulni, gauqmdnen
da mcxovrebi TemTa amaT: imerelni,
megrelni, gurulni, svanni, raWvelni da
samcxelni aTabagTa Seiqmnen da iwodnen
qarTvelebad~. 10 0
pla ton i oseli ani miiCn evs, rom
` qa r Tv e l Ta sa m ef o s a~ da sa e r To d
99
p. ioseliani, `cxovreba giorgi XIII-isa~, `qarTuli mwerloba~, t. X, 1995, gv 287;
100
iqve, gv. 287.
539
qarTvelobis udidesi mteri iyo `kavkasiis
solidaciis procesis gagrZeleba. ufro
mTis mcxovrebni~, e.i. Crdilo kavkasielebi

maTi mahmadianobis gamo. isini iyvnen
metic, ruseTis mTeli samecniero da

saganmanaTleblo wreebi CarTes im miz-
qarTvelTa upirvelesi mtrebi (qarTvelTa

qristianobis gamo). imdenad Zlierebi
iyvnen Crdilo kavkasielebi, rom 70welze meti xani dasWirda TviT `ruseTis did koloss~ maT dasamarcxeblad.
nis misaRwevad, raTa qarTvelebisaTvis

CamoeSorebinaT da araqarTvelebad gamoecxadebinaT dasavleT da samxreT
saqarTvelos mkvidri mosaxleoba (mahmadiani mesxebi, kaToloke da grigori-
maTi e.i. qarTvelTa upiratesi mtris

damarcxeba da `daglejil danawevrebu-
ani qarTvelebi, svanebi, megrelebi, afxazebi, lazebi), aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi
li~ qarTuli Temebis gaerTianeba, e.i.

qarTvelobis aRdgena miaCnia platon ioselians, rogorc iTqva, `RvTis gangebad~.
isic ki ikadres, rom fSavlebi da xevsurebi gaqristianebul CeCnebad gamoacxades. mTeli saimperio saeklesio
platon ioselians, viTarca TiTqmis
wreebi, kerZod, kavkasiaSi qristiano-
rusulenovan mwerals, SedarebiT kargad icnobda dainteresebuli saimperio

wreebi. amis gamo maTTvis kidev ufro
TvalnaTeli gaxd a is faqti, rom
bis aRmdgeni sazogadoeba CarTes qarTlis mTianeTSi mcxovrebi qarTvelobis

osebad gamosacxadeblad, CaTeses kidec
maTSi osuri TviTSemecneba, saingiloSi
saqarTveloSi kuTxuri administraciuli sazRvrebis moryeviT da ruseTis erT

sa xelm wif oSi gaer Tia nebi T T iTqm is
zRvidan zRvamde daiwyo qarTveli eris
qarTvelTa gamahmadianebis procesi ufro

gaRrmavda, ise, rom mahmadianma ingiloebma piroba dades, `piri Sekres~,
qarTulad aRar elaparakaT.
ko nso lid aci a-g aer Tia neb is pro ces i.

mt ki cde bo da da uf ro ya li bde bo da
qa rTv elT a e rov nuli Tv iTS eme cne ba
kuTxur-regionaluri cnobierebis morye-
RvTismsaxurebis dros afxazeTSi,

samegreloSi, svaneTSi, Sida qarTlis
mTianeTSi (oseTSi), inguSeTSi (im droisaTvis jer kidev qristianuli element-
vis Sedegad. iqamde daSlil-danakuwebuli, vinaoba moryeuli xalxi mTliandeboda da es iyo ruseTis imperiis
sasikeTo Sedegi. amis gacnobierebam, rom
ruseTis samxreT sazRvrebTan mTlian-
ebis mqone mxareSi) da sxva kuTxeebSi,

rogorc aRiniSna, iqamde mxolod da
mxolod qarTuli ena gamoiyeneboda, axla,
axali programis Sesabamisad, rusulma
ganaTlebis sistemam da samecniero wreebma
deboda da erad ikvreboda didi xalxi,

romelic, cxadia, samomavlod moiTxovda TviTgamorkvevas da sakuTari sax-
zedized gamosces Zalze seriozuli,

Rrma mecnieruli kvleva-ZiebiT Seqmnili ideologiuri datvirTvis mqone naS-
elmwifoebriobis aRdgenas XIX s-is

5 0- 7 0- i an wl e bS i Z a lz e S e aS f oT a
saimperatoro wreebi. Sedegmac ar daayovna qarTvelTa konsolidaciis sawi-
romebi, Teoriebi, lingvistur-enaTmecnieruli Txzulebani kuTxuri anbanebis

darTviT qarTuli erisagan misi Semadgeneli kuTxeebis CamosaSoreblad.
naRmdegod maT saswrafod daavales fsevdoreligiur da fsevdosaganmanaTleblo

wreebs, ar daeSvaT qarTveli eris kon-
gansakuTrebiT iRvwodnen samegrelodan qarTuli enis gansadevnad, erT-erT

umniSvnelovanes amocanad miiCnies saekle-
540
sio RvTismsaxurebidan qarTuli enis gan-
gra m impe riam meTod urad g aagrZ ela
devna. Sesabamisad, samegrelos sasuliero wodeba mimarT avda s apiris piro

RonisZiebas.
I kreba (yriloba) samegrelSi mowveuli iqna adgilobrivi samRvdeloebisa da
Tavisi saqme qarTuli enis gamosadevnad

eklesiebidan. 1892 wels peterburgeli
`mecnieri~ vinme levicki megruli skolebisaTvis rusuli enis saxelmZRvanelos
adgens xelaxla gamogonili megruli
sazogadoebis TavganwirviT, 1889 wels.

kreba Seexo aTaswlovani qarTuli saeklesio enis dacvis saqmes ruseTis imperiisagan. rogorc aRiniSna, iv. javax-
anbanis safuZvelze, romelic arafriT

ar gansxvavdeboda rusulisagan da damuSavebuli iyo ruseTis mecnierebaTa
akademiis mier. aseTive iyo mTavrobis
iSvilis TqmiT, qarTuli saeklesio anu

Zveli qarTuli saliteraturo enis Seqmna-SemuSavebaSi, Tavis droze, anu IVV ss-Si, TviT megrelebs, svanebs da
saqarTvelos sxva kuTxis mcxovrebT miRebuli hqondaT monawileoba da qarTuli
ena iyo kidec erovnuli ena megrelTa
da s vanTaTvi s, sxvad asxva ku Txis
qarTvelobisaTvis, anu saerTo, saxalxo,
sali teratur o erovn uli ena iyo
aTaswleulTa manZilze, romlis mospobasac cdilobda ruseTis saeklesio
xelisufleba. am problemis gamo samegre-
RonisZiebani svanebis mimarT.

àxali mTargmnelebi~ Seecadnen ise
eTargmnaT saRvTo werili, rom arc erTi
qarTuli sityva ar exmaraT. ramdenadac
es TiTqmis SeuZlebelia, maT gamouvidaT sruliad uxeSi, uxamsi da imave
dros sasacilo Targmani. ìverias~ moaqvs
am faqtiT `gulamRvreuli megrelis~
werilidan aseTi nimuSi: `wmidao RmerTo, wmidao Zliero, wmidao ukvdavo~...
ase uTargmniaT: `tatali RoronTi, tatali SeZlebuami, tatali uRuruu, mumexvariT Cqi~. sityva `tatali~, - wers,
losa da saerTod saqarTvelos sazogadoeba wuxda mTeli XIX s-is bolo

aTwleulebisa da XX s-is dasawyisSi.
iqamde, 1885 wels, gamoica brZaneba
samegrelos skolebSi qarTuli enis
akrZalvis Sesaxeb. amieridan aq rusuli enis swavleba megruli enis saSu-
ìveria~, - bavSvuri sityvaa da sruliad emsgavseba qarTul `zizias~, aqedan `zizia~ RmerTi~. 101
ìveria~ dascinis ra aseT mcdelobas, wers: `gana aSkara ar aris, rom
megrelni igive qarTvelni arian, qarTulad metyvelni?~ àq amaze metic unda
alebiT unda momxdariyo. 188 9 wels

aSordiam rusuli alfabetis safuZvelze
Seqmna `megruli~ anbani. am gulistkiviliT iyo mowveuli samegrelos samRvdeloebis kreba 1889 wels, imis SiSiT,
rom rusuli xelisuflebis borotmoqmedebas fesvi ar gaedga, samRvdeloeba
win aRud ga xe lisufa lTa a gente bis
yovel mcdelobas mama-papeuli saRvTismsaxuro enis winaaRmdeg mimarTuls, ma-
vTqvaT. Tu gindaT namdvili sufTa, darbaisluri mwignobruli qarTuli moisminoT, megreli Tavad-aznauris ojaxSi
unda mibrZandeT. aq ucxo enis gavlenas
sruliad ver SeniSnavT da gesmiT namdvili qarTuli sityva-pasuxi~.
`yovelive zemoaRniSnuls megrelebis
mxriv iseTi Seurigebeli protesti mohyva Sedegad, rom egzarqosi iZulebuli
gaxda specialuri komisia Seeqmna am sak-
101
ìveria~, 1898, 9 ianvari.
541
iTxis gasarCevad. komisias xelmZRvanelobda

guria-samegrelos episkoposi grigoli. komisiam moawyo eparqiis samRvdeloebisa da
mrevlis gamokiTxva da mTeli samegrelos
sazogadoebriv azrze dayrdnobiT miiRo
gadawyvetileba, rom aseTi gardaqmna
da svaneTis saero skolis programidan,

gaauqma aq misi swavlebac sruliad da
savsebiT, Tumca yvela wodeba iqaur
mkvidrTa xmamaRla acxadebda protests
aseTis Zalmomreobis winaaRmdeg. es kidev
araferi. imave mTavrobam daiwyo gafac-
samegrelos eklesiebSi miuRebelia rogorc

samRvdeloebisaTvis, aseve am kuTxis mTeli mosaxleobisaTvis~. 102
am komisiis erT-erTi wevri am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT aRniSnavda: ès gan-
icebiT Tvalyuris devna, rom qarTuli

wign ebi ar C avardnod aT xelSi arc
megrelebs da arc svanebs, sul erTia
qali iqneboda Tu kaci~.
d. yifianma samegrelos skolebSi
zraxva, aramc Tu gamowveuli ar aris

xalxis gonebisa da sarwmunoebis WeSmariti saWiroebebiT, aramed cud-ubralo, zedmeti gamogonebaa, romelic aravisaTvis saWiro ar aris da piriqiT, Tavisi
SedegebiT yovlad mavnebelia. igi sicudisa da mavneblobis mets arafers
uqadis sarwmunoebis siwmides, gonebriv
warmatebasa da uwmides grZnobas xalxis TviTSegnebisa~.
`qarTulis magivrad megrulis SemoRebasTan dakavSirebiT protestis werili

gaugzavna saqarTvelos maSindel mTav a rm a r T eb e l s d o n d u ko v - k or s a k ov s ,
romelSic naTqvamia: `mociqulTa droidan
qarTuli ena iyo saeklesio da sakulturo ena samegreloSi da iq es ena
yvelas esmis, amJamad ki axal kulturas nergaven. megrul enas aswavlian sxva
anbanis saSualebiT~, rac d. yifians
1889 wels axal senakSi gamarTulma

samRvdel oebis yrilobam c aristuli
mTavrobis politika samegrelosa da svaneTSi Seafasa, rogorc `mwvaleblobis
STanasaxi, yovelgvari gandgomilebis
mizezi da saRmrTo werilebis axirebuli
axsna da misi ukuRmarTi Segneba~. 103
`mefis xelisuflebisa da saqarTvelos egzarqatis am mzakvrulma politikam ukiduresad aRaSfoTa qarTveli
mowinave inteligencia da samRvdelobis
warmomadgenlebi. ai, ras werda amis
Sesaxeb didi qarTveli pedagogi da mamuliSvili i. gogebaSvili: àm aTiode
wlis winaT, swavla-ganaTlebis mTavrobam
ganizraxa gandevna da aRmofxvra qarTulisa am qarTuli provinciebidan (samegrelodan da svaneTidan - g.r). am azriT
sruliad amoSala es ena samegrelosa
yovlad dauSveblad miaCnda. 104

rusuli saxelmwifosa da eklesiis
am qmedebebiT SeRonebulma samegrelos
mosaxleobam TviTve gadawyvita pasuxi
gaeca aSkara mtrisaTvis. marTlac, 1893
samegrelos Tavad-aznaurobam, samRvdeloebam da mrevlma moiwvia sagangebo II
yriloba, romelzec ganixiles aRniSnuli sakiTxi. yrilobam gamoitana dadgenileba mTeli samegrelos mosaxleobis
saxeliT samegrelos skolebSi megrul
enaze swavlebis akrZalvis Sesaxeb. yriloba uTiTebda, rom megrulad swavla
ki dev ufr o g aaRr mav ebd a mT el
saqarTvelosTvis imJamad saWirboroto
aTeistur suliskveTebas, romelsac aqtiurad nergavdnen socialisturi partiebi. samegrelos am saeklesio yrilobis sulieri xelmZRvaneli iyo guria-
g. rogava, qristianuli religia da eklesia saqarTveloSi (1801-1917), Tb. 1997, gv. 44-45;
gv. 45; 104 iqv e, gv. 46.
102
103
iqv e,
542
samegrelos episkoposi grigol dadiani,
daculi iqna, aramed misi swavleba ma-
STamomavali samegrelos mTavrebis saxelovani saxlisa. marTlac, am yrilobis

mimarTvis Semdgom ruseTis eklesiis
wmida sinodi iZulebuli gaxda, ukan
daexia da waeRo proeqti skolebSi megru-
Ral doneze iyo dayenebuli. maSin, rodesac is saero, anu saministro skolebSi
saerTod amoRebuli iyo programidan.
swored amis Sedegi iyo is garemoeba,
rom Tu 18 96 wels guria-samegrelos
lis SemoRebisa. amasTanave unda iTqvas,

rom guria-samegrelos episkoposi grigol
dadiani wmida sinodisaTvis ukve warmoadgenda arasaimedo mRvdelmTavars. is
eparqiaSi samrevlo skola sul 64 iyo.

moqmedi ki mxolod 12, 1903 wlisaTvis
aseTi skolebis raodenoba gaizarda 232
skolamde. àse upasuxa aqaurma mosax-
marTlac, Sesabamisad dasajes kidec da

gana Sores Taviss samwys os sae rTod
saqarTvelos da ruseTSi gadaasaxles,
sadac is srul martoobaSi gardaicvala, magram misi saqme gagrZelda.
cnobili sazogado moRvawe da swavluli Tedo Jordania `sastikad ibrZoda imaT win aaRm deg, vin c me grel Ta
qarTvelobas uaryofda an eWvis qveS
ayenebda. erT-erT i aseTi `megrelTa
gulSematkivari~ da vai damcveli iyo
`munjuri meTodis~ motrfiale vinme
levicki, romelic gasuli saukunis 90-
leobam saministros skolebidan qarTulis gandevnas. es iyo yvelaze cxadi

maCvenebeli da sazomi imisa, iyvnen Tu
ara megrelebi qarTvelebi~. 105
sa qar Tvel os mtr ebm a ` moin dom es
qarTuli locvebis gandevna iqidan da,
rogorc es zemoT aRiniSna, vai-inteligentebs megrulad aTargmnines es locvebi,
raTa SemdgomSi eklesiebidan ganedevnaT
qarTuli locvebi. ianovskim es locvebi
daabeWdina da egzarqoss daamtkicebina,
magram T. Jordaniam SeZlo misi darwmuneba imaSi, rom es sakiTxi (megruli
ian wlebSi moRvaweobda quTaisis guberniaSi. man samegrelos samonastro

skolebidan gandevna qarTuli, magram male
TviT iqna gandevnili Tavisi samoqmedo
asparezidan da es T. Jordanias damsaxurebac iyo. guria-samegrelos eparqiaSi
samrevlo skolebis meTvalyured xangr-
locvebis SemoRebis mizanSewoniloba)

specialuri komisiisaTvis gadaeca. am
komisiam ki daadgina aseTi RonisZiebebis usafuZvloba da samegrelos eklesiebidan qarTulis gandevnis mcdeloba kraxiT damTavrda. àm saqmeSi didi wvlili
Seitana samegrelos samRvdeloebam. 1905
Zlivi moRvaweobis dros T. Jordanias

uSualo TaosnobiT damtkicda axali
saswavlo gegma samrevlo skolebisaTvis,
romelSic qarTuli enisaTvis TiToeul
ga nyo file baS i d aTm obi li i yo 12
gakveTili, xolo rusul enas eWira
mxolod 6 gakveTili~.
T. Jordanias uSualo gulmodginebiTa da mecadineobiT samegrelis samrevlo skolebSi, qarTuli ena ara marto
wlis 12 ivliss Semdgarma saeklesio

krebam daadgina: 1. daixuros samegrelos yvela saeklesio skola, sanam saero
skolebSi swavleba ar iqneba qarTul
enaze; 2. daixuros samegrelos sasuliero sasw avlebeli, sanam skolebi
erovnul da pedagogiur niadagze ar
dadgeba; 3. dReis ricxvidan yoveli
qaRaldi da mimowera swarmoebdes mxolod qarTulad. vinc am dadgenilebas
105
g. rogava, dasax. naSr., gv. 46-47.
daarRvevs, saamxanago sasamarTloSi iq-
543
episkoposi): `Tqveno maRalyovladusam-
106
nas gasamarTlebuli.
iqamde, 1903 wlis aprilSi T. Jordania piradad eaxla saqarTvelos egzarqoss aleqsis da damajerebeli argumentebiT daarwmuna, rom samegrelos
Rvdeloesobav, Cemi Zmebisadmi siyvaruli maiZulebs me mogmarToT Semdegi

TxovniT, RmerTis gangebiT Tqven mondobili gaqvT qarTuli eklesiis marTva, zrunva mis SvilTa xsnaze, romel-
samrevlo skolebidan qarTulis amoReba

ar SeiZleboda, mas SeiZleba gamoewvia
am kuTxis ara marto mRelvareba, aramed
ajanyebac ki aseTi gadawyvetilebis gamo.
ic SeiZleba miRweul iqnes Tqveni Cvendami siyvaruliT, romelic macxovris

mcnebis Tanaxmad Tavganwirvamde unda
midiodes. Cven ar veWvobT, rom Tqven
samegrelos skolebi amoiRes e.w. `meore

tipis~ skolebidan, romlis programaSi
qarTulis swavleba ar iyo gaTvaliswinebuli da gadaiyvanes `pirveli tipis~
skolebis kategoriaSi. qarTuli Tavis
uflebebSi datoves. mas oTxsave ganyofilebaSi cal-calke daTmobili hqonda
18-18 saaTi kviraSi. 107
Tu raoden SeZra samegrelos samRvdeloeba qarTuli wirva-locvis akrZalvis mcdelobam, Cans iqidanac, rom
cnobili dayudebuli beri aleqsi SuSania, romelic sazogadod erideboda Tavisi
mxurvaled giyvarT sakuTari samwyso da

amitom gTxovT yuradiRoT vedreba imaTi,
visac Tqven mwyemsavT. rogorc Tqven giyvarT rusi xalxi, rusuli ena da gsurT
igi hyvaodes, zustad aseve moeqeciT Cvens
xalxs, Cvens qarTul enas, raTa mzakvarma ver Camoacilos Cveni Svilebi
marTlm adideb lur ek lesia s. ufl isa
Cvenisa ieso qristes saxeliT, romelmac Cven urTierTsiyvaruli gvianderZa,
me gTxovT Tqven ar dauSvaT, rom borotma
sulma Tqvens yanaSi daTesos RvarZli
mtrobis Tesli da yovelnairad SeuwyoT
monastrisa da senakis datovebas, gzaze

gadaudga rus egzarqos aleqsis 1903
wels, misi samegreloSi mogzaurobis
dros da moiTxova, mTavrobas Seewyvita
qarTuli enis devna samegreloSi. `1903
wels mefis ruseTis rusifikatoruli
politikis gamtarebeli egzarqosi aleqsi
xeli imas, rom Cven mWidrod dakavSirebulni did rus xalxTan, erTiani guliT vadidebdeT RmerTs~. egzarqosi SeaSfoTa xalxSi didi pativiscemiT Semosili moRvawe beris ase sajarod gamosvlam. igi daafiqra da iqve daamSvida
beri da aRuTqva, es Woria da ar moxde-
cnobil vostorgovTan erTad cdilobda

samegrelos skolebidan qarTuli enis
swavlebis amoRebas. aleqsi beri Tavisi
xis didi jvriT Sexvda gzaSi senakidan
TeklaTis dedaTa monasterSi didi amaliT
mimaval egzarqos aleqsis da gadasca
rusulad Targmnili Semdegi saprotesto werili, romelic rusulad uTargmnia senakis sasuliero saswavleblis
inspeqtors daviT kaWaxiZes (SemdgomSi
bao. rogorc viciT, es rusifikatoruli ganzraxva ver ganxorcielda~. 108

rogorc TviT aleqsis nawerebidan
Cans, qarTuli enis daxvewili, siRrmiseuli codna bunebrivi iyo samegrelos samRvdeloebisaTvis, magaliTebi
aTaswleulTa manZilze gvaqvs.
`megrulis eseoden wamoweva dRevandel samegreloSi gamoiwvia eklesiisa
da Tavadaznauruli wodebis, inteligenci-
106
g. rogava, dasax. naSr., gv. 46;
107
iqve, gv. 47;
108
`Rirsi mama aleqsi da misi savane, Tb., 1999, gv. 18.
544
is xelovnurma ganadgurebam, kulturis
XIII ss-is qarTveli mwerlebi zedmiw-
dacemam, ganaTlebis Seferxebam. magaliTad, kiTxvaze: romel enaze lakarakob-
evniT ganasxvavebdnen saliteraturo da

dialeqtur formebs... saliteraturo
da cotne dadiani? Tanamedrove saqarTvelos TviT ganaTlebuli kulturuli adamianebis umravlesobac albaT mogigebT,
rom igi laparakobda megrul enaze,
amasTanave yvela darwmunebulia, rom
enas isini uwodebdnen `Rrma sityvawignurs~, xolo dialeqtur formas `soflurs~... saerTod im (da mogviano)
periodisaTvis dialeqturi metyveleba
mdabio da damaxinjebul enad miiCneo-
cotne dadiani `megrelad~ Tvlida Tavs.

aseT umecrebas ki iwvevs saqarTvelos
da. aseT dialeqtebad miiCneoda mesxeTSi, odiSSi, kaxeTSi da sxva kuTx-
istoriis, rogorc sagnis, faqtiuri

gauqmeba Cvens skolebSi, Cveni istoriis
popularizaciis mcire masStabebi; rac
eebSi mdabioTa metyveleba. 109

`Rirssacnobia samegrelos, WaneTis
da svaneTis aRweris is monakveTebi, sa-
Zalze Sors mimaval miznebs isaxavs, am
dac vaxuSti batoniSvili adgilobrivi
koleqtiuri umecrebis organizatorebi

xelmZRvaneloben jorj orueliseuli
legendaruli saxelmwifos umTavresi
deviziT: ùmecreba Zalaa~. marTlacda
mosaxleobis enas exeba. odiSi (samegrelo): èniT arian didni da warCinebulni qarTuliTa eniTa, aramed aqusT
Tvisica ena, garna wamxdari qarTuliTve,
didi iaraRia umecreba, rodesac ginda

mTeli eri gadaagvaro, daukargo mas
Tv iTc nob ier eba da d aav iwy o T avi si
erovnuli vinaoba, kuTxeebad daanawevro,
viTarca: RmerTi RoronTi, Cemi Cqimi~. WaneTi: `sarwmunoebiTa aw srulad

mohmadianni, garna mcire vinme moipovebian qristianeni, aramed ician kualad
yovelive amas umecrebis danergvis gareSe

verafriT SesZleb. megruli separatizmi
wveTi wyaliviT hgavs afxazur da musulmanur-mesxur separatizms. samive SemTx-
qarTuli ena vieTTame~. 110

msgavsi damokidebulebaa sxva kuTxur dialeqtTa mima rTac, magaliTad,
sulxan-sabas leqsikonis mixedviT -
vevaSi erTidaigive saqmesTan gvaqvs saqme.

vinc kargad icnobs saqmis viTarebas,
misTvis cxadia, rom amgvari separatistuli ideebis matarebeli yovelTvis ukulturo, bneli adamianebi arian, rom-
`svla glexuria, slva unda~, àjare

iare mesxurad~. 111
Tanamedrove gansazRvrebiT `nebismieri dialeqtis warmoqmnis safuZveli
istoriulia... dialeqti enis sivrcu-
lebic Tavis umecrebaze ageben Tavis

`doqtrinebs~ _ werda zviad gamsaxurdia XX s-is miwuruls (z. gamsaxurdia,
li nairsaxeobaa~. 112 `dialeqtis warmoqmnas garkveulwilad xels uwyobs istoriul-politikuri faqtoric. enis dan-
`samegrelos sakiTxi~, literaturuli

saqarTvelo, 3.XI.1989 w.).
b. jorbenaZis Tanaxmad, qarTul enas
ganviTarebis yvela safexurze dialeq-
awevrebas dialeqtebad nayofier niadags

uqmnida feodaluri partikularizmi. es
exeba rogorc eTnikur-teritoriul,
asev e social ur da p rofesiul di-
turi diferenciacia axasiaTebda. XI da
aleqtebs~. 11 3
b. jorben aZe, qarTuli dialeqt ologia, 1989, gv. 22;

27-28; 113 iqv e, gv. 29.
109
110
iqv e, gv. 23;
111
iqv e, gv. 24;
112
iqve , gv.
545
b. jorbenaZe wers - èrTiani saqar-
matikasa da leqsikaSi (msgavsadve, rogorc
Tvelos es kuTxeebi sxvadasxva periodSi sxvadasxva saxelmwifoebriv gaerTianebebSi Sediodnen, sxvadasxva enis
mflobe lebTan hqo ndaT urTie rToba.
aman, bunebrivia, metnaklebi zegavlena
aRiniSna, Zvel saqarTveloSi adgilobrivi

kiloebi svanuri, zanuri da sxvani
qarTuli enis dialeqtebad (e.i. dauxvewav `soflur~, formebad miiCneoda) aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi dabali fena
iqonia. am dialeqtTa enobriv ierze

mniSvneloba iqonia istoriul-politikurma movlenebmac~. 11 4
dialeqtTa gamoyofis erT-erTi ganm-
`qarTvelebi anu glexebi~, maRali fena

àznaurebi~ (azonis maRali wris `STamomavlebi~), aseve dasavleT saqarTveloSi
dabali fena `margalebi~, maRali fena
sazRvreli principi aris saxelmwifoebriv-politikuri. 114

magaliTad, qvemogermanuli da zemogermanuli dialeqtebi enaTmecnieruli
TvalsazrisiT arsebiTad damoukidebeli
enebia, raodenobrivi TvalsazrisiT maT
Soris TiTqmis iseTive sxvaobaa, rogorc
germanul da inglisur enebs Soris, miuxedavad amisa, isini eTnikur-politikuri
wanamZRvrebis gamo ganixileba rogorc
erTi enis dialeqtebi da ara damoukidebeli enebi. msgavsadve Zvel saqarTveloSi , ku Txur i en ebi mii Cneo da a ra
`zinosquebi~, sxvadasxva socialuri kiloebiT (dialeqtebiT) metyveleben, magram yvelani mTlianobaSi `qarTvelebi~
arian da erTi qarTuli ena aqvT.
dialeqtebs axasiaTebs urTierTgamijvnis tendenciac, magaliTad, xevsurul kiloze moubari acxadebs - `me
xevsurulad vici saubari, qarTvelebTan ver vici saubari, imaT ukvirdis~
(e.i. xevsuri da `qarTveli~ saubriT
gansxvavdebian). `qarTvelSi~ aq igulisxmeba baris kilos mflobeli, magram
imaves ambobs zemoimereli - `Cveni lapar-
damoukidebel enebad, aramed saerTo-saxalxo (qarTuli) enis dialeqtebad.

TviT zemo da dasavleT germanul
tomobriv `bavariul, Svabur da hesenur
kiloebs Soris sxvaoba aranakleb Rrmaa
vidre sxvaoba zogierT enebs, magaliTad, polonursa da Cexurs an serbulsa
aki ar ari imeruli, aramed qarTuli~

(e.i. qarTuli anu literaturuli qarTuli). 116 dialeqtebis warmoSoba-Camoyalibebas xSirad gansazRvravs saxelmwifoadministraciuli sazRvrebis xangrZlivi
mdgradoba. Tu sazRvrebi xSirad icvleba (or-sam aTeul weliwadSi erTx-
da bulgaruls Soris. 115

`me ver vugeb badenels, bavarielsa
da zemogermanels, roca isini Tavis dialeqtze laparakoben~, - wers germaneli
enaTmecnieri. 115 rogorc aRiniSna, amis miuxedavad, ara marto maT, aramed qvemogermanulsa da zemogermanuls ganixilaven viTarca kiloebs (germanuli enis
dialeqtebs), romelTac aqvT sakmaod mniSvnelovani nairsaxeobani fonetikaSi, gra-
el), aseTi cvlileba raime arsebiT zegavlenas ar axdens metyvelebaze, magram, rogorc aRiniSna, mdgradi sazRvari did gavlenas axdens masze. agreTve,
gamoTqmulia mosazreba, ukve gauqmebuli da aRar arsebuli politikuri sazRvari kvlav uwyobs xels dialeqturi
formis SenarCunebas, magaliTad germanuli enis dialeqtebis mimarT aseTi
varau dia gamo Tqmuli: àmJamad aRar
114
b. jorben aZe, qarTuli dialeqt ologia, 1989, gv. 30;
115
iqv e, gv. 35;
116
iqv e, gv. 38.
546
arsebuli politikuri sazRvrebi abrkole-
wers: `megrul enakavze locvanisa da
ben enobriv cvlilebebs ara umetes 300

wlisa, xolo axali politikuri sazRvrebis zegavlena mkafiod iCens Tavs ukve
30-40 wlis Semdeg~ (k. haagi). 117 maSasadame, imeruli dialeqti iarsebebs im-
saxelmZRvaneloebis Targmna iqneba antiqristianuli azrebisa da RvTismgmobelobis xelovnuri gaRviZeba~ (z. gamsaxurdia, dasax. naSr.).
z. gamsaxurdias sityviT, TviT bolSe-
ereTis samefos sazRvrebis gauqmebidan

kidev 300 wlis manZilze, e.i. 18 10
wlidan vidre daaxloebiT 2100 wlamde, Tuki is erTian saqarTveloSi Se-
vikebis mier waqezebuli separatisti i.

Jvaniac ki aRarebda, rom megruli iyo
ara samegrelos mTeli mosaxleobis,
aramed misi mxolod erTi nawilis so-
mavali iqneba. Tavisi daniSnulebiT ena

socialuri Rirebulebis mqone movlenaa.
socialuria im gagebiTac, Tu rogor
iyenebs mas sazogadoebis esa Tu is fena.
ase, rom ena zogjer gamomxatvelia misi
mqoneblis sazogadoebriv, socialuri
mdgomareobisa. 118 èna SesaZlebelia gamoyenebul iqnes (gamoiyeneboda da axlac
gamoiyeneba) klasobrivi, klanobrivi Tu
kastobrivi dapirispirebis xazgasasmelad.
es ueWvelad faqtia. 119 inglisSi XIX sis pirvel naxevarSi `muSebi laparakobdnen sxva dialeqtze~, socialuri
cialuri ena, z. gamsaxurdia wers _

ìgi TviTve aRiarebs, rom megruli
`glexis~ enaa da ara naciisa~ (z. gamsaxurdia, dasax. naSr.).
saqarTvelos sxva kuTxeebSic dabali fenebi (glexebi) metyvelebdnen `soflur~, anu dialeqtur kiloze, xolo
saerTo-saxalxo-saliteraturo ena, romelsac zeda fena iyenebda da eklesiaSic RvTismsaxurebisas gamoiyeneboda sxva
iyo. amitom glexebis ena sxva kilo iyo,
xolo `zinosquebis~ (aznauriSvilebis)
ena sxva (e.i. saliteraturo qarTuli)
TvalsazrisiT dapi rispirebulia ara

mxolod dialeqtebi, aramed enebic. 119
megrulis, rogorc ara mTeli samegrelos mosaxleobis, aramed am mxaris mxolod erTi nawilis socialuri dialeqtis Sesaxeb, miuTiTebdnen episkoposi
grigol dadiani da samegrelos samTavro
iyo. ekl esiaSic tradiciu lad Zvel

qarTuli (IV-V ss-is) ena gamoiyeneboda. amiT vlindeba sazogadoebis socialuri diferenciacia. `maRali sazogadoeba~ Tavis gamorCevis mizniT, Cveulebriv,
cdilobda eniTac gamoexata Tavisi gansakuTrebuloba sxva fenebisagan, am Sem-
saxlis xelmZRvaneli niko dadiani. es

ukanaskneli mRvdelmTavar g. dadians
werda: `me da Tqvens meufebas, iseve
ro gorc yve la Cven s T anam edro ve
`megrels~, mogexsenebaT, rom Cvens saxlebSi xelSinaurni ver bedaven batonebis Tandas wrebiT megrulad saubars,
megrels xom glexebs uwodeben dabali
wodebis gamosaxatavad (margali _ mdabiori)~. aqedan gamomdinare, n. dadiani
TxvevaSi glexebisagan. am ukanasknelis

mier gamoyenebuli kilo asaxavda enis
ganviTarebas istoriulad, aseve dacilebas sivrcobrivad centraluri dialeqtisagan, saqarTvelos maRali fenebi da
eklesia icavda mwignobruli enis daurRvevlobas, mis Zvel formebs. msgavsi
viTareba iyo msoflios mraval qveyanaSi. magaliTad indoeTSi sanskriti iTvleboda `RmerTebis, mefeebis, Tavadebis,
117
b. jorben aZe, qarTuli dialeqt ologia, gv. 33;
118
iqv e, gv. 4 3;
119
iqv e, gv. 44.
547
brahmanebis, saxelmwifo moRvaweebis,
SesaZlebelia, rom Zveli qarTuli
kariskacebis, umaRlesi fenis sxva warmomadgenlebis, sazogadod ki mamakaceb-
ena i yo is fu Ze ena, romlisag anac

Semdgom aTaswleulTa manZilze war-
is, wes-CveulebaTa ritualis amsrulebel

qalTa enad, xolo prakriti ki, piriqiT
dabali fenis mamakacebis, wvrilfexa mosaqmeebis da TiTqmis yvela qalis enad~. 120
socialuri diferenciacia ivaraudeba uZ-
moiqmna yvela dialeqti sxvadasxva faqtoris gavleniT.

afxazeTSi Seqmnili specifikuri viTarebis gamo rus dampyroblebs XIX sis 70-90-ian wlebSi imedi miecaT, rom
veles sazogadoebaSive. 120

ìvaraudeba, rom pirvelyofil ad-
afxazeTSi mainc SeZlebdnen Tavisi miznis miRwevas da qarTuli enis gamoZeve-
amianebs gamomuSavebuli hqondaT socialuri enebi, romelTac mxolod sazogadoebis gansazRvruli jgufebi iyenebd-
bas am regionidan. rogorc iTqva, aRniSnul wlebSi saqarTvelos Sida kuTxeebSi qarTveloba usamarTlobad miiCnevda
nen (l. levi-briuli)~. 121
slavurenovani RvTismsaxurebis aRsrule-
enaTa da dialeqtTa Taviseburebebs

gare faqtorebic apirobebs - `zanuris
dacileba megrulTan Seapiroba Wanurze
Turquli enis zegavlenam, TviT megrulSi
bas qarTul eklesiebSi. amis sapasuxod

sagangebod daweril vrcel samecnieroideologiur naSromSi rusi avtori wers
- `Tu ar aris samarTliani qarTul ek-
Tavs iCens afxazuridan momdinare movlenebi, xolo afxazurs megruli metyvelebis zegavlena etyoba. Cerqezul-yabardoulis kvali SeigrZnoba svanur-
lesiebSi slavur enaze RvTismsaxurebis

aRsruleba, maSin aseve usamarTloa afxazTa samrevloebSi mxari davuWiroT
qarTuls. RvTismsaxureba aResruleba
Si. svanuris gavlena dastyobia dasavleT saqarTvelos Crdilo regionSi gavrcelebul qarTuli enis dialeqtebs~. 122
mTaraWuli enobrivad saerTos poulobs
saeklesio qarTul enaze imis momizezebiT, rom es mxare (afxazeTi) odesRac

qarTvelTa samefos damokidebulebis qveS
imyofeboda. samarTali moiTxovs, rom
aRmosavleT saqarTvelos mTis dialeqtebTan. 123 (`dasxa didoeTidan svaneTamde~). TuSuri, xevsuruli da moxeuri
msgavsi enobrivi niSnebiT uaxlovdeba
zemoraWuls da agreTve svanuris di-
es wesi Seicvalos, afxazeTSi, romelic mahmadianTagan gaTavisuflda rusuli sisxliT da saxsrebiT. rusuli mflobel obis g ansam tkice blad s aekle sio
damokidebulebis mxriv, ruseTis saxelm-
aleqtebs. 124 saerTod ki, maT axasiaTebT

Zveli qarTulis formebi, rogorc TviTon uwodeben `Zveleburi laparaki~. 125
wifosaTvis didi mniSvnelobis gamo, afxazeTi rac SeiZleba mWidrod unda daukavSirdes ruseTs Tavisi mkvidri mosaxle-
dialeqtTaSorisi urTierTobis saSualebas koine anu zedialeqti warmoadgens,

aseTi iyo Zveli qarTuli ena, anu rac
igivea saeklesio ena, anu erovnuli ena
obiT, TandaTanobiT masSi RvTismsaxurebis saeklesio slavur enaze aRsrulebiT, risTvisac unda Seiqmnas skola
oboli afxazebisaTvis. masSi aRzrdile-
Zvel saqarTveloSi.
bi unda gaigzavnon erTni maswavleble-
b. jorben aZe, qarTuli dialeqt ologia, 1989, gv. 4 5;

75; 124 iqv e, gv. 7 6; 125 iqv e, gv. 38.
120
121
iqv e, gv. 50;
122
iqv e, gv. 7 3;
123
iqve , gv.
548
bad afxazeTis saeklesio samrevlo skolebSi, raTa mkvidr
bavSvebs saeklesio rusuli
wera-kiTxva da ganaTleba miaRebinos. sxvebi pirdapir xeldasxmul unda iqnen mRvdlebad da medaviTneebad~ 126 wers
rusul saeklesio wreebTan daaxlovebuli rusi ideologi
Tavis vrcel da yovelmxriv
samecniero aparatiT aRWurvil
naSromebSi. es wigni didxans
da dReisaTvisac ki erT-erTi
umTavresi saistorio naSromia afxazeTis Sesaxeb saeklesio wreebSi.
vfiqrob, am wignSi pirvelad gamoiTqva mravali is azri,
romelic dRemdea gabatonebuli, magaliTad, qarTvelebi sxva
xalxia, Zveli afxazebi ki sxva,
rom TiTqos Sua saukuneebSi
qarTvelma mefeebma daipyres
afxaz eTi da g aabatone s aq
qarTuli ena, rom qarTvelma
mefeebma Tavis arasaxelmwifoebrivi midgomiT `daRupes afxazeTi~ - (Eltkmyfz cbcntvf^ ghbyznfz d jcyjdt wfhzvb Uhepbycrbvb^ bvtkf gfue,yjt dkzybt b
y f F, [f pb . - gj zd bk jc m
vyj;tcndj Atjlfkmys[ ryz;tcnd
dhf;ljdfdib[ vt;le cj,j. b
jckj,kzdib[ ntv wtynhfkmye.
dkfcnm),127 rom afxazi mefeebi
mtkiced ebrZodnen qarTvel mefeebs (dtleibt egjhye. djbye
c Uhepbycrbvb wfhzvb), sinamdvileSi ki `saqarTvelo~ XI
s-is dasawyisSi swored af126
127
xazeTisa da tao-klarjeTis gaerTianebul samefos erqva. gaerTianebuli saqarTvelos pirveli dedaqalaqic aq iyo,
kerZod ki bedia iyo rogorc sataxto,
ise sajdomi qalaqi pirveli qarTveli
mefeebisa, aqve daikrZalnen kidec bagrat
III, giorgi I, TviT legendaruli egrosi. Zveli afxazebi eTnikuri qarTvelebi
iyvnen, amitomac eklesiebsa da samefo
palatebSi wirva-locva da saqmis warmoeba qarTuli eniT xdeboda. mxolod
erTiani saqarTvelos daSlis Semdeg dasustebul afxazeTSi gansakuTrebiT XVII
s-is dasawyisidan Camosaxldnen Crdilo
kavkasieli mTieli, kerZod ki adiRe-Cerqezuli mebrZoli tomebi, romelnic molaSqreebis saxiT gamoiyeneboda mkvidri
qarTveli (Zveli afxazi) mTavrebisa da
Tavadebis mier. sabolood ki, es Tavisufali fena molaSqreebisa gabatonda
kidec mkvidr qarTvel mosaxleobaze.
qarTvelebi (megrelebi) iqcnen àgiruebad~ (niSnavs megrels) dabal, damorCilebul, damonebul (daymevebul), glexur fenad, amaTi ena kvlav qarTuli iyo
(megruli), sarwmunoeba kvlav qristianuli, xolo gabatonebuli Crdilokavkasielebi (axla ukve afxazebad saxeldebulni qveynis mpyrobelobis gamo)
mahmadianebi anda warmarTebi iyvnen
adiRe-Cerqezuli eniT (romelsac SemdgomSi àfxazuri ena~ ewoda). rusebis gabatonebis Semdeg ruseT-TurqeTis omis
dros afxazeTidan TurqeTSi gadasaxlda 10.000-mde muslimani, swored eseni
iyvnen is Crdilokavkasieli dampyroblebi
(Cerqezebi), romlebic iqamde gabatonebuli iyvnen afxazeTSi (amitomac ewodeba kidec dResac ki TurqeTsa da eraySi
- , ., 1888, . 27, ;
iqv e, gv. 11.
mcxovreb maT STamomavlebs `Cerqezebi~
da ara àfxazebi~). imis Semdeg, rac
rusulma xelisuflebam Tavidan moiSora afxazeTSi maTdami mtrulad ganwyobili mosaxleoba, gadawyvita afxazeTSi
darCenili mosaxleobis bazaze Camoeyalibebina Tavis erTguli axali xalxi,
axali ideologiiT da axali orientaciiT. Tu rogor unda moexerxebina es,
amis Sesaxeb vrclad ayalibebs Tavis
programas (mTavrobis samoqmedi gegmas)
aRniSnuli avtori aRniSnul wignSi
F,[fpbz b d ytq Yjdj-Fajycrbq Cbvjyjrfyfyfncrbq Vjyfcnsh]^ V&^ 1888&
es ase unda momxdariyo, adiRe-Cerqezi mahmadiani mflobelebis TurqeTSi
gadasaxlebis Semdeg afxazeTSi darCa
sul 52.000 suli, aqedan avtoris azriT,
mdinare bzifidan kodoramde 15.000,
kodoridan mdinare gudavamde 12.000,
gud avida n en guram de 25 .000 . aqe dan
50.000 qr istiani, 2.000 m uslimani.
cxadia, qristianebi es Zveli mkvidri
qarTuli mosaxleobaa, amas miuTiTebs
Tundac gudavidan enguramde (e.i. samurzayanoSi) mcxovrebi aRniSnuli mosaxleobis naxevari samurzayanoelebi
yovelTvis qarTvelebi iyvnen, magram avtori umtkicesi moTxovniT ubrZanebs rusis moxeleebs, araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar
miakuTvnon samurzayanoelebi megrelebs,
aramed uwodon maT afxazebi. ai, rogor
si cru es wer s i gi s amu rza yan oel Ta
Sesaxeb (Ytn cjvytybz^ xnj jrheu njn
cgjhysq vt;le dkfltntkzvb Vbyuhtkbb
b F,[fpbb ljk; ty ,s k ghbyflkt; fnm
F,[fpbb^ nfr rfr tuj ;bntkb F,[fprjuj
gktvtyb b ybxtuj j,ituj yt bvt.n c vbyuhtkmcrbvb). 12 8
jer kidev misionerebi kargad aRwerdnen, rom mdinare kodoramde mTeli
128
mosaxleoba megruli iyo. xolo

samurzayanod wodebuli miwa
sul axali dapyrobili iyo
XIX s-is dasawyisSi afxazTa
mTavrebis mier da, cxadia, mosaxleobac megruli iyo, magram, rogorc iTqva, aRniSnuli da sxva avtor-ideologTa
mier mizanmimarTulad miecaT
rCeva ruseTis elitarul wreebs CaeTvalaT es miwa afxazebis teritoriad.
rogorc iTqva, 1866 wels
Cerqezuli tomebis TurqeTSi
gadasaxlebis Semdeg afxazeTSi darCenili mkvidri mosaxleobis (e.i. eTnikuri qarTvelebis) mimarT SemuSavda aseTi programa: 1. araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar unda eRiarebinaT,
rom isini iyvnen megrelebi. gamoacxades isini eTnikur afxazebad; 2. miiCnies, rom maTi
mSobliuri ena aris afxazuri
(maSin, roca es ena am mosaxleobam ar icoda, isini megrulad laparakobdnen); 3. sagangebod unda aRzrdiliyo maTTvis
sasuliero pirebi, romelnic
afxazur (Cerqezul) da rusul-slavur saRvTismsaxuro
enas Seitandnen afxazeTis eklesiebSi (e.i. eklesiebidan
unda ganedevnaT qarTuli ena).
aRniSnuli avtori wuxiliT
wers, rom afxazeTSi darCen il a m 50 .0 00 q ri st ia ns ,
romelnic gaerTianebuli arian 60 soflis 20 samrevloSi,
mwysida qarTveli (imereli)
- , ., 1888, c. 16.
549
550
samRvdeloeba, qarTuli saRvTismsaxuro
eniT. zizRiT wers, rom cdzityybrb e
yb[ bp uhepby&129 avtoris azriT, àfxazebi SeZleben qristianobis gaTavisebas
mas Semdeg, rac maT miecaT SesaZlebloba qadageba moisminon TavianT mSobliur enaze, maSin roca maT Soris gamoCndebian afxazi misionerebi, momzadebulni
los mimarT da samegrelo ver CamoaSores qarTveli eris erTian sxeuls.
Tavisi udidesi wvlili am wmida saqmeSi Seitanes samegrelos saeklesio krebebma, am krebaTa wmida mamebma, romelTac
daicves aTaswliani tradiciebi, erovnuli
eklesia da sarwmunoeba SeunarCunes
RvTismSoblis wilxvedr ers.
rusul skolebSi (gjlujnjdktyys[ lkz ctuj

ghtldjhbntkmyj djcgbnftv d heccrb[ irjkf[)&130 4. gamoarCies afxazeTSi megrelTa (e.i. mkvidrTa Soris) bavSvebi, romelnic aRzardes specialur saswavleblebSi, Caunerges maT àfxazuri~ TviTSemecneba, Seaswavles afxazuri (e.i. Cerqezuli) ena rusul-slavurTan erTad
da Seagzavnes afxazeTis eklesiebSi darCenili qarTuli (megruli) mosaxleobis
gasaafxazeblad. faqtobrivad, rusebma
am xerxiT marTlac Camoayalibes axali
afxazi eri, afxazuri (e.i. Cerqezuli)
eniTa da megruli gvarebiT. ruseTma
miaRwia mizans mis mimarT mtrulad
ganwyobili Zveli afxazeTis nacvlad maT
miiRes axali maTTvis megobari kuTxe.
am programis erTi mTavari saSualeba
iyo qarTuli saeklesio enis gaZeveba
afxazeTidan. igive surdaT maT saqarTvelos yvela kuTxeSi, maT Soris samegreloSic. Tumca, avtori ar malavs Tavis
wye nas m egre lebis mima rT, radga nac
samegreloSi ver SeZles TavianTi miznis miRweva. amitomac, avtori xSirad
wers aseT Sefasebebs TiTqosda afxazTa mimarT megrelebi intriganebi da
mabezRara cilismwameblebi arian (Vtyuhtks ghjljk;fkb cdjb bynhbub)^ 131 (Lflbfyb cnfkb bynhbujdfnm) 132 da sxv. aqedan
Cans, rom rusuli gegmebi CaiSala samegre129
wmida ilia marTlis Rvawli
8) 1905 w. 7 oqtombers Sedga TavadaznaurTa wanamZRvrebis kreba, sadac

aRiZra sakiTxi saqarTvelos eklesiis
avtokefaliis Sesaxeb. am sakiTxis gamo
9 oqtombers namestniks gansakuTrebuli komisia warudga. 133
9) 1905 wlis 11 oqtombers 14 saaTze

mefisnacvals (`namestniks~) warudga delegacia, romelic Sedgeboda tfilisisa
da quTaisis TavadaznaurTa marSlebisagan da saqarTvelos sxvadasxva kuTxidan Camosuli wevrebisagan. mas miarTves
peticia. delegacia iTxovda avtokefaliis
aRdgenas. Tavadma v. miqelaZem kerZod
ganucxada mefisnacvals: `saqarTvelos
eklesias aRara hyavs meTauri, aRar aqvs
k a n on i e r i a vt o k e f a l ia . . . m a s u n d a
daubrundes xalxis mier arCeuli kaTalikosi... ganzraxuli avtonomia kavkasiis eklesiisa mitropolitis meTaurobiT
ver daakmayofilebs qarTvel ers... am
cvlilebebiT moispoba saqarTvelos eklesiis mravalsaukunovani arsebobis ukanaskneli kvalic ki~...
namestnikis pasuxis Tanaxmad, wamoyenebuli sakiTxebi axlo momavalSi unda
- , ., 1888, c. 10;
iqve , gv. 16; 132 iqv e, gv. 16; 133 `mwyemsi~, 1905, #9, gv. 16.
130
iqve, gv. 9;
131
551
ganxiluliyo, Semdeg ki ganacxada: ram-
riaSi daearsebina samitropolito olqebi.
denadac vici saqarTvelos eklesias ar

hyolia erTi meTauri, hyavda ori kaTalikosi imereTisa da qarTl-kaxeTisa.
aqedan Cans, rom mas ar surda erTiani
saqarTvelos eklesiis Camoyalibeba.
erT aseT olqs unda moecva mTeli kavkasia, maSasadame amiT unda gauqmebuliyo
saqarTvelos saegzarqoso, qarTuli eklesiuri Zveli TavisTavadobis mcire naSTi, romelzedac apirebdnen axali av-
10) ruseTis eklesiis momavali saeklesio krebisaTvis peterburgis sasuliero akademiis saqarTvelos saeklesio
istoriis kaTedris profesor i. sokolovs
mitropolitma antonim miando Seedgina
moxseneba saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliaze. 134 1905 w. 16 noembers kirionma, leonidem da eqvTimem peticia gaugzavnes imperators. imperatorma saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis sakiTxis
ganxilva miando ruseTis momaval saeklesio krebas.
tokefaluri eklesiis agebas. amitomac

saqarTvelos episkoposebma, kerZod, imereTis episkoposma leonidem, guriasamegrelos episkoposma eqvTimem da ala-
loeba 1905 wlis 9 dekembers Seikriba

TbilisSi saeklesio krebaze. kreba gagr-
verdelma petrem ganucxades saqarTvelos egzarqoss 1906 wlis 14 ianvramde

miniWeboda saqarTvelos eklesias avtokefalia, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, am sityvis Semdeg TviTonve Seikribeba sruliad saqarTvelos samRvdeloeba da TviTonve aRadgens avtokefalur marTva-gamgeobaso.
amisaTvis saWiro d iqna miCneuli
saqarTvelos mTeli samRvdeloebisagan
arCeuli delegatebis TbilisSi Sekreba
saWiro Tadarigis dasaWerad. am krebas
unda SeemuSavebina saqarTvelos eklesi-
Zelda 18 dekembramde. yoveldRiurad

kreba muSaobda 6-7 saaTs.
krebis mowvevas win uZRoda Semdegi
garemoeba: 1905 wlis 6 agvistos moTxovnebi peterburgSi daarsebuli sagangebo
komisiisaTvis, sadac maT ganixilavdnen.
saqarTvelos samRvdeloebam saswrafod
is reorganizaciis gegma. marTlac 9 dekembers kreba Sedga wmida nikolozis

saswavleblis SenobaSi, daeswrnen episkoposebi leonide da eqvTime. krebam SeimuSava saqarTvelos eklesiis reorgan iz ac ii s g eg m is p ro e qt i, ro me li c
SemdgomSi unda wardgenoda dasamtkice-
isargebla am viTarebiT da sxvadasxva

kuTxidan komisiaSi igzavneboda peticiebi.
ZiriTadad aseTi azriT: `saqarTvelos
eklesias moespo winandeli avtokefaluri
marTva-gamgeoba, ramac dasca Cveni eklesia da sarwmunoeba. biurokratulma
wes-wyobilebam mospo eklesiaSi kaTalikosis da sxvaTa arCeviTi ufleba~.
aseTi moTxovnebis sapirispirod ruseTis uwmidesma sinodma ineba mTel impe-
blad sruliad saqarTvelos momaval saeklesio krebas. es gegma Sedgeboda ramdenime Tavisagan (ZiriTadi principebi,
eklesiis wes-wyobileba, sakaTalikoso
sabWo, kaTalikosi, saeklesio, saeparqio krebebi, episkoposi, saolqo saZmo
kreba, samrevlo, krebuli, saeklesio
qonebrivi uflebani da samRvdeloebis
rwmenis wesi). radganac ruseTis imperia ar iyo erovnuli saxelmwifo saqar-
11) sruliad saqarTvelos samRvde-
13 4
J. `mwyem si~, #21 gv. 7 (15 .XI.1905).
552
Tvelos eklesiisaTvis, amitomac krebam
soxumisa, baTumisa da yarsis olqTa
am droisaTvis gadawyvita eklesiis gaTavisufleba saxelmwifosagan da saxelmwifosi eklesiisagan, ise rom saxelmwifo ar unda Careuliyo eklesiis saqmeSi da piriqiT, Tumca ki krebam saxelm-
sazRvrebSi. mTeli teritoria danawevrebuli iyo oTx eparqiad, eparqiebi iyofoda olqebad, es ukanasknelni ki _
samrevloebad.
saqarTvelos eklesiis samRvdeloe-
wifo daavaldebula _ jamagiri anu

xelfasi eZlia saqarTvelos samRvdeloebisaTvis Semdegi mosazrebebis gamo:
`$26. sanam is saeklesio qonebani, ro-
bas Seadgens a) kaTalikos-mamamTavari;

b) 3 episkoposi; g) mRvdlebi; d) diakvnebi; e) medaviTneebi.
morwmuned iTvleba yoveli naTelRe-
me ln ic xaz in is xe lSi g ada vid a da

dResac xazinis xelSi imyofeba, qarTvel xalxs ar daubrundeba da sanam im
saeklesio qonebaTa Rirebuleba, romelnic kerZo pirTa xelSia gadasuli, momavals sakaTalikoso sabWos ar gadaecema saqarTvelos eklesiis moTxovnilebaTa dasakmayofileblad... saxelmwifo
vald ebulia q arTvel s amRvdelo ebas
jamagiri aZlios, xolo mrevlma imdeni
misces, ramdenic uzrunvelyofs maT arsebobas~. 13 5
saqarTvelos eklesiis reorganizaciis
buli qali da kaci, romelic aRiarebs

marTlmadideblur swavlebas da emorCileba saeklesio wes-wyobilebas.
saqarTvelos eklesias saTaveSi udgas: a) sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio
kreba; b) sakaTalikoso sabWo kaTalikosis TavmjdomareobiT. kreba Sedgeba 120
wevrisagan (40 samRvdelo + 80 morwmuneTa delegacia). krebas Tavmjdomareobs kaTalikosi, xolo mis mudmiv wevrebad iTvleba yvela qarTveli episkoposi.
kreba SeiZleba iyos Cveulebrivi 3 weliwadSi erTxel da araCveulebrivi, roca
gegmis proeqtSi naTqvamia:

saqarTvelos eklesia aris morwmune
qarTvelebisagan Semdgari da èrTis wmidis, kaTolike da samociqulo eklesiis~ principebze damyarebuli sarwmunoebrivi sazogadoeba, romlis mizania misi
wevrebis sarwmunoebriv moTxovnilebaTa
saWiroeba moiTxovs.
sakaTalikoso sabWo Sedgeba 3 wlis
vadiT arCeuli 8 wevrisagan (4 samRvdelo + 4 morwmune), Tavmjdomareobs kaTalikosi. sakaTalikoso sabWos kompetencias eqvemdebareba saqmeebi eklesiis
Sesaxeb, romelsac mas kreba daakisrebs.
dakmayofileba. mas ufleba aqvs sxva

eklesiaTagan damoukideblad iarsebos.
eklesia ar exeba Tavis mrevls rogorc
wevrebs saxelmwifosas, aseve saxelmwifosac ara aqvs ufleba Caerios eklesiis Sinagan wes-wyobilebaSi.
saqarTvelos eklesiis teritorias
Seadgens qarTvelis tomiT dasaxlebuli adgilebi exlandeli Tbilisisa da
q uT ai s is g u be rn i eb i sa , z aq aT a li sa ,
kaTalikosi aris mxolod pirveli Tanaswor episkoposTa Soris da mxolod

zogierT sakiTxSi (am wesdebiT gansazRvrulia) aqvs gansxvavebuli uflebani. igi, rogorc yvela episkoposi, emorCileba krebis samarTals. kaTalikoss
irCeven: yvela qarTveli episkoposi, 30
warmomadgeneli eklesiisa (aqedan 15 qarTlis eparqiisa), 60 morwmune delegati,
amtkicebs xelmwife.
135
Jur . mwyemsi, 1906, #1-2, gv. 14 -15.
553
saeparqio kreba Sedgeba 90 wevrisa-
eba da sanam ruseTis an kerZod kavkasi-
gan (30 samRvdelo + 60 morwmune) Tavmjdomareobs episkoposi. kreba imarTeba
is damfuZnebeli kreba samRvdelobis

rCenis sakiTxs gadawyvetdes, saxelm-
weliwadSi erTxel an saWiroebisdagvarad.

saeparqio sabWos Tavmjdomareobs
episkoposi. mis garda sabWoSi Sedis 6
wevri (2 samRvdelo, aqedan 1 medaviTne
+ 4 morwmune). airCevian 3 wlis vadiT.
wifo valdebulia aZlios samRvdeloebas jamagiri.

1905 wlis ambebis ganxilvisas s.
kakabaZe wers - `qarTvelma samRvdeloebam mesveurebs mosTxova dauyovnebliv
episkoposs aqvs sruli ufleba:

a) eparqiaSi qadagebisa;
aRedginaT qarTuli eklesiisaTvis saukunis win ukanonod warTmeuli avtokefa-
b) yovelgvari mRvdelmoqmedebisa;
g) morwmuneebze uzenaesi zrunvisa;
d) masze damokidebulia, sarwmunoe-
lia. am moTxovnam mwvave politikuri

JReradoba SeiZina. imJamindel publikaciebSi vrclad ganmartavdnen avtoke-
briv sakiTxebSi eparqiis yvela wevri;
faliis aRdgenis arss da mas erovnul-
e) wirva-locvaze moxsenieba. amas wesdebiT ganesazRvreba valdebulebebic.

episkoposs irCevs kreba eparqiis samRvdeloTa, ricxviT 30 kaTalikosis an
ganmaTavisuflebeli programis ganuyofel

nawilad Tvlidnen, miuTiTebdnen, rom
avtokefaliis mospobas CvenSi mohyva
qarTuli enis gandevna eklesiisa da saek-
misi rwmunebulis xelmZRvanelobiT.

saolqo saZmo krebaSi monawileoben
olqis yvela krebulTa wevrebi. saZmo
saolqo sabWo Sedgeba Tavmjdomarisa da
lesio ganaTlebis sferodan, sarwmunoebrivi grZnobis Sesusteba da aqedan gamomdinare, mravali uaryofiTi sazogadoebrivi movlenis gaCena. avtokefaliis
4 wevrisagan.
samrevlos gaxsna ar SeiZleba, Tu
morwmuneTa ricxvi imdenad mcirea, rom
taZrisa da mRvdlis Senaxva ar Seu-
aRdgena am TvalsazrisiT xels Seuwyobda erovnulobisa da sarwmunoebis

progress... ilia WavWavaZe, rogorc misi
Tanamedroveni gadmogvcemen, safuZvli-
Zlia. samrevlo krebas Seadgens yvela

srulwlovani morwmune (21 wlisa).
krebuls Seadgenen mRvdeli, diakoni da medaviTne. wesis mixedviT, samRvdeloebas unda inaxavdes marto mrev-
anad ecnoboda saqarTvelos saeklesio

istorias, kerZod, avtokefaliis problemas... aqtiurad monawileobda avtokefaliisaTvis dawyebul sazogadoebriv
moZraobaSi. 1905 w. am ambebis TviTmx-
li. amitom qarTuli saeklesio qonebani,

romelic ruseTis xazinis xelSia (saidanac samRvdeloeba iRebs jamagirs) unda
ilvelis vl. axmetelis mowmobiT, ilia

eswreboda qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis sakiTxisadmi miZRvnil yrilobas,
daubrundes qarTvel xalxs. aseve sakaTalikoso sabWos unda gadaeces im saeklesio qonebis Rirebuleba, romelic
kerZo pirTa xelSia. xalxis gadasaxa-
romelic muSaobda wmida nikolozis eklesiis (yofil riyis quCaze) saswavleblis SenobaSi. aq Tavi moiyara mravalma pirma, maT Soris social-demokrateb-
ds unda Camoakldes is jami, romelic

Seadgens qarTveli samRvdeloebis jamagirs. sanam es yvelaferi ganxorcield-
mac. sxdomas Tavmjdomareobda markoz

tyemalaZe, romelmac mravali argumenti moiyvana qarTuli eklesiis avtoke-
554
faliis aRdgenis sasargeblod. kamaTis
filiyo saqarTvelos (iveriis) eklesii-
dros darbazSi Semovida ilia WavWavaZe,

romelsac sityvis Tqma Txoves, magram
s aT vi s a vt ok e fa li is da br u ne ba d a
qarTuli eklesiis erovnul-saxelmwi-
iliam cudi janmrTeloba moimizeza da

uari ganucxada... gamosuli oratorebi
moiTxovdnen saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaloba roca aRdgeba, kvlav unda
daubrundes saeklesio miwebio, ilias
foebriv niadagze mowyoba. am programis originalis fragmentebi gamoqveynebuli aqvs p. ratians wignSi ìlia
WavWavaZe, filosofiuri da socialurpolitikuri Sexedulebani~. 137
uTqvams `Tqven moiTxovT saeklesio mamulebis aRdgenas, gareT xalxi ki moiTx-
ilias surda avtokefaluri qarTuli eklesiis erovnul-saxelmwifoebriv
ovs saeklesio da saTavado miwebis CamorTmevas. amas Tavi daanebeT. Cveni xalxi
morwmunea, sarwmunoebis moTayvanebi da
niadagze mowyoba. aRsaniSnavia, rom amJamad, 1998 wlisaTvis, saqarTvelos eklesia arc erovnul da miT umetes, arc
morwmune da RvTis mosavi xalxi mudam
saxelmwifoebriv niadagze mowyobili ar
Seinaxavs Tavis sulier mamas~.

saerTod, imdroindeli qarTveli mamuliSvilebi da patriotulad ganwyobili sazogadoeba qarTvel samRvdeloe-
aris. eklesia kanonis Tanaxmad, mxolod

morwmuneTa gaerTianebaa, gamoyofili saxelmwifos yovelgvari, maT Soris, ganaTlebis sistemidanac. evropul qvey-
basTan erTad aqtiurad msjelobda avtokefaliis sakiTxebze, am sagans ganixilavdnen ilias binaze xSirad mowyobil SexvedrebSic.
nebSi ki èrovnul eklesiis~ statusis

miniWeba gamoxatavs mocemuli eklesiis
`saxalxoobas~. saxalxo eklesia kanonis ZaliT miiCneva qveynis umTavres ek-
1904 wlidan qarTveli social-federalistebi miznad isaxavdnen saqarTvelosaTvis avtonomiis mopovebas ruseTis federaciul saxelmwifoSi. ruse-
lesiad. eris udidesi nawilis sulier

gamaerTianeblad, romelsac kanonismieri
u pi r a te s o ba n i e n i We b a s x v a m c ir e ,
araerovnul eklesiebTan SedarebiT.
Tis ministrTa sabWos komitetis Tavmjdomare s. vitte nikoloz II-isadmi wardgenil moxsenebaSi (9.X.1905) saWirod
Tvlida saqarTvelosaTvis avtonomiis
miniWebas. 1905 wlis 17 oqtombris man-
sxva cnobiT, 1903 wlis agvistoSi

ilia Sexvda da mouwona saqarTvelos
avtonomiis idea social-federalistebs. 138
es idea, rogorc Cans, ilias mier miewoda
qarTvel TavadaznaurTa krebas, romel-
ifestiT ruseTSi gamocxadda sityvis,

beWdvisa da rwmenis Tavisufleba, saqarTveloSi scades iseTi partiis Seqmna,
sac mniSvnelovani avtoriteti gaaCnda

saimperatoro xelisuflebis winaSe. 1905
wlis 1-el aprils TavadaznaurTa sa-
romelic miznad daisaxavda saqarTvelosaTvis erovnuli avtonomiis miniWebas.

am j gufTan T anamSrom lobda il iac,
romelic Tvlida, rom partiis progra-
gangebo krebam ilias aqtiuri monawileobiT ganixila saqarTvelos avtonomiis

sakiTxi. krebam mimarTa imperators da
iTxova mieniWebina saqarTvelosaTvis
mis erT-erTi mTavari sakiTxi unda yo-
ùfleba sakuTari kanonebiT marTva-
136
S. badriZe, ilia da qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis sakiTxi, jvari vazisa, 1987, #1, gv. 45; 137 iqve,
gv. 47; 138 o. gorgaZe, n. gurgeniZe, ilia WavWavaZe, cxovrebisa da Semoqmedebis matiane, 1987, gv. 327.
136
gamgeobisa~. 139 paralelurad qarTveloba iRvwoda eklesiis avtokefaliis aRsadgenad, romelSic rTavda yvelaze
gamoCenil inteligentebs, 1905 wlis 24
seqtembers iliasa da sxvaTa xelmoweriT niko nikolaZes foTSi gaugzavnes werili, romelSic Txovdnen Camosuliyo
TbilisSi, raTa SeerTeboda qarTul deputacias mefisnacvalTan saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis aRdgenis moTxovnis gadacemis dros. marTlac, 1905 wlis
11 oqtombers kavkasiis mefisnacvalma
miiRo saqarTvelos deputacia saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis sakiTxis
gansaxilvelad (ilias monawileobiT). 140
amasTan erTad, sazogadod qarTveli
samRvdeloeba moiTxovda avtokefaliis
aRdgenas. amitomac 1905 wlis oqtombris meore naxevarSi, Sedga samRvdeloebis kreba-yriloba riyis wmida nikolozis eklesiis saswavleblis SenobaSi
- `Sua laparakSi rom iyo batoni samson fircxalava, swored am dros krebis darbazis kari gaiRo da fexi Semodga iliam. krebam erTxmad mimarTa did
ilias da sTxova Tavisi azri gamoeTqva.
iliam nelis xmiT ganacxada: - eqimidan
akrZaluli maqvs laparaki gulis tkivilis gamo, amitom ver vilaparakebo. mainc
damswreTa daJinebiT mudaras angariSi
gauwia da ramdenime saxelmZRvanelo azri
warmosTqva. jdomelad ilaparaka... 141
rogorc cnobilia, saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis sakiTxi kavkasiis
mefisnacvalma ver gadawyvita (da arc
SeeZlo gadaewyvita), amitomac am sakiTxis ganxilva gagrZelda peterburgSi
wmida sinodis winaSe. saxelmwifos sabWos sxva qarTveli wevris mogonebiT,
555
ilias gadawyvetili hqonda sabWoSi Seetana moTxovna, raTa saqarTvelos micemoda sruli avtonomia, 14 2 amave dros,
saqarTvelos eklesiis sakiTxis peterburgSi ganxilvas aqcevda did yuradRebas,
kerZod, 1906 wlis 6-8 aprils ilia
airCies saxelmwifo sabWos wevrad, male
dabrunda TbilisSi da kvlav gaemgzavra
peterburgSi, maisis dasawyisSi, episkopos kirionTan erTad. 14 3 peterburgSi
episkoposi leonidec Cavida, isini xSirad
iyvnen iliasTan, magaliTad, 1906 wlis
ivlisSi kirioni, leonide da ilia marTali erTad daeswrnen peterburSi Sio
CitaZis panaSvids. saqarTvelos samRvdeloebas imedi hqonda iliasi, rom igi
avtokefaliis sakiTxs peterburgSi gadaWrida. 1906 wlis ivnisis bolos peterburgSi iliam miiRo qarTveli samRvdeloebis mier gagzavnili depeSa avtokefaliis gamo. saerTod kirioni da
leonide udides pativs scemdnen ilias.
jer kidev arqimandritobis dros kirionma 1898 wels gamosca `sityvierebis
Teoria~, romelSic Sesuli iyo ilias
nawarmoebebi. kirioni 1902 wels iliasTan erTad daeswro Tbilisis qarTvel
kaTolikeTa eklesiaSi mari broses sulis mosaxsenebel wirvasa da panaSvids.
saqarTvelos avtonomiisa da eklesiis avtokefaliis aRdgenis ideam, romelic
SesaZloa qarTvelTa aqtiuri qmedebiT
marTlac ganxorcielebuliyo saukunis
dasawyisSi, SeaSfoTa e.w. ruseTTan erTianobis ideiT Sepyrobili qarTveli
`revolucionerebi~ da sxva wreebi, amitomac 1905-1906 wlebSi saqarTveloSi
daiwyo saSineli kampania ilias winaaRmdeg, rac sabolood 1907 wels 30 agvistos ilias mkvlelobiT dasrulda.
o. gorgaZe, n. gurgeniZe, ilia WavWavaZe, cxovrebisa da Semoqmedebis matiane, 1987, g v. 336; 140 iq ve,
gv. 340; 141 g. SaraZe, saqarT velos mze da siyvaruli albionis kunZulze , 1986, gv. 153; 142 o.
gorg aZe, n. gurgen iZe, dasax. n aSromi, gv. 34 3; 143 iqv e, gv. 344.
139
556
Tbilisis (VI) saeklesio Sekreba
Tis sinodis damokidebulebisagan gasan-
(1905 w. 12.XII).
Tavisufleblad. aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi amis Sesaxeb auwyebs msoflio pa-
12) Tbilisis (VI) saeklesio Sekreba

(1905 w. 12 dekemberi).
`190 5 wlis zafxul Si Sei qmna
`saqarTvelos eklesiis damoukideblobis aRmdgeneli Zmoba~, romlis mier imave
wlis 8 agvistos TariRiT gamocemul
mimarTvaSi naTqvamia: `ramdenac Cveni
sasuliero-religiuri cxovrebisaTvis,
up ir vel es yo vli sa, a uci leb el ia
saqarTvelos eklesiis TviTmarTvelobis
aRd gena, amis aTvis `Zm oba~ acxad ebs
qarTl-kaxeTis eparqias daqvrivebulad
da avaldebulebs samRvdeloebas:
a) RvTismomsaxurebisas Sewyvetil iqnes
egzarqosis moxsenieba, Sewyvetil iqnes
egzarqosis kancelariasTan da sinodalur
kantorasTan saerTod yovelgvari urTierToba, yvela blaRoCini gadadges;
b) mazrebSi gauqmebuli sablaRoCino
okrugebis nacvlad Seiqmnas `Zmobis sabWoebi~, Semdgari sami arCeuli pirisagan. `sabWom~ unda gaarCios yovelgvari
gaugebrobani, romelic SesaZlebelia warmoiSvas sasuliero pirTa Soris, sabWos
evaleba RvTismomsaxurebis mier TavianTi movaleobis pirnaTlad Sesrulebaze
yuradRebis miqceva. `sabWos eZleva ufleba
mrevls urCios gaanTavisuflos Tavisi
adgilidan sasuliero piri, romelic ar
akmayofilebs Tavis daniSnulebas.~
imereTis, samegrelos, guriis, afxazeTis samRvdeloeba uerTdeba qarTlkaxeTis samRvdeloebas, mTeli saqarTvelos samRvdeloebis warmomadgenlebis
gaerTianebuli kreba gadadgams gadamwyvet nabijs saqarTvelos eklesiis ruse-
triarqs da sxvebs saqarTvelos eklesiis aRdgenas avtokefaliis uflebiT, da

misi kaTalikosis arCevas~. 144
1905 wlis agvistoSi zemoxsenebulma qarTl-kaxeTis samRvdeloebis komisiam adresi miarTva saqarTvelos axal
egzarqos nikolozs, romelSic aRniSnulia im droisaTvis saqarTvelos eklesiaSi Seqmnili mZime mdgomareoba. axsnilia igi am eklesiis damoukideblobis dakargviT da gacxadebulia qarTveli xalxisa da
misi samRvdeloebis
survili, aRdgenil iqnas am eklesiis
TavisTavadoba. adress xels awerda 22
sasuliero piri~.
`1905 wlis Semodgomaze ep. leonidem sinodSi Seitana vrceli moxseneba
saqarTvelos eklesiis aucilebeli reformis Sesaxeb. igi safuZvlad daedo
avtokefaliis moTxovnis im peticias,
romelic 1905 wlis 12 dekembers Semdgarma qarTveli samRvdeloebis krebam
miiRo. am dokuments ewodeboda `saqarTvelos eklesiis reorganizaciis proeqti~. 145
`qarTveli samRvdeloebisa da eris
warmomadgenlebi moiTxovdnen saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis cnobas VI
msoflio saeklesio krebis dadgenilebis safuZvelze, romelic, Tavis mxriv
adre aRiares konstantinopolisa da aRmosavleTis sxva patriarqebma, daxuruli eparqiebis kvlav gaxsnas, saqarTvelos eklesiis krebis mowvevas weliwadSi orjer; rusuli da qarTuli eklesiebis erTianobis TvalsazrisiT saqarTvelos kaTalikosi unda yofiliyo sruli-
saq . scsa. f. 1458, an . 1, s . 173, furc. 11. wignSi. g . rogava, das. naSr . gv. 102-10 3; 145
, 1906 . # 4 . 6- 16, gaz. `saqarTvelo~ 12 se qt. 19 16w. g. rogav a, dasax. naSr. gv 103.
144
557
ad ruseTis uwmidesi sinodis wevri,
ruseTis eklesiis momaval adgilobriv
romelsac ufleba eqneboda daswreboda

sinodis sxdomebs Tavisi survilisa da
Ses aZle blobi same br. Tavis mxr iv,
araqarTul guberniebSi arsebuli eklesiebis meTauri rusi arqiepiskoposi
krebaze gansaxilvelad~ - werda Semdgom

ruseTis patriarqi tixoni. 148 mis mimarTvas upasuxa saqarTvelos kaTalikospatriarqma leonidem epistoleTi, romelSic kerZod naTqvamia: `saqarTvelos ek-
iRebda `baqosa da amierkavkasiis arqiepiskoposis~ wodebas da ufleba eqneboda daswreboda sruliad saqarTvelos
eklesiis krebebs, Tu baqos eparqia
lesiis avtokefaliis sakiTxi gadacemul

iqna sruliad ruseTis momaval krebaze
gasarCevad ara uwmidesi sinods dadgenilebiT, aramed imperator nikoloz II-
qarTul sakaTalikosis SemadgenlobaSi

Sevidoda, rusuli eklesiebi qarTul
eparqiebSi daqvemdebareboda qarTvel arqiepiskoposebs, samrevlos ki sruli
ufleba eniWeboda TavisTvis aerCia sakuTari samRvdeloeba~. 146
is nebiT, viTarca pasuxi qarTvel episkoposTa mimarTvaze saqarTvelos eklesiis

avtokefalur uflebebSi aRdgenisaTvis...
es umaRlesad gamoTqmuli survili qarTvel episkoposebs kavkasiis mefisnacvlis
saSualebiT euwya~. 149
1905 wels ruseTSi sasuliero wodebaSi warmoiSva survili, raTa aRdgeniliyo patriarqobis instituti, romelic
iqamde TiTqmis 200 wliT adre gaauqma
petre I-is mmarTvelobam. am da sxva
mniSvnelovan saqmeTa gasarCevad gadawyvetili iyo, mowveuliyo ruseTis ek-
`saqarTvelos eklesiisadmi
miZRvnili TaTbiri~ (1906 w.)
13) 17.01.1906. 1906 wels qarTvel-
aRdgena im motiviT, rom saqarTvelos

eklesiis umweo mdgomareobaSi Cavardna
gamoiwvia avtokefaliis gauqmebam. ruseTis mTavrobam saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis sakiTxis gadawyveta miando
lesiis adgilobrivi kreba. imperatorma

nikoloz II-m da Cans wmida sinodma gadawyvites saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis aRdgenis sakiTxic am krebas ganexila. magram es kreba ar Catarebula
saimperatoro mmarTvelobis dros. iqamde ki ramdenjerme Catarda ruseTis am
ruseTis momaval saeklesio krebas, am

krebis winaswar TaTbirze 1906-1907
wlebSi kidevac iyo msjeloba saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliaze~. 147
`1905 wels saqarTvelos eklesiis
avtokefaliis cda rom gamoikveTa, uwmidesma sinodma 1906 wels daadgina:
àRniSnuli sakiTxi gadatanil iqnes
didi adgilobrivi krebis wina mosamzadebeli TaTbirebi (e.w. Gjlcj,jhyjt ghbcencndbt ), rom elze dac 190 6 we ls
ganixiles saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis sakiTxebic. sakiTxi saqarTveloSi
mwvaved idga, qarTvel samRvdeloebas
1906 wlis 14 ianvars gadawyvetili hqonda saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis
ma e rm a da sa mR vd el oeb am r us eT is
mTavrobas moTxova eklesiis avtokefaliis
csial. f. 796. an 185, s. 21, furc. 333 . ,

. 1910, . 27. wignSi: g. rogava, qristianuli religia da eklesia (18011917 ww.) T b. 1997 w. gv. 103-10 4; 147 e. nikolaZe, saq arTvel os ekle siis is toria, 1918, gv. 20 5; 148
jvar i vazisa 199 0, #3, gv. 69; 149 iqv e, gv. 69.
146
558
gamocxadeba, magram es saqme gadaido,
naaRmdegeTa sabuTebis darRveva, xolo
raTa dalodeboda sinodis mier am sakiTxis Sesaswavlad daniSnuli komisiis

gadawyvetilebas. 150 marTlac, sinodma peterburgSi gamoiZaxa episkoposebi kirioni da leonide TaTbirze, romlis pirve-
leonides cocxlad unda warmoedgina

imJamindeli saqarTvelos eklesiis unugeSo mdgomareoba. 152 leonidesTan werilobiTi kavSiri hqonda cnobil n. n.
durnovos. qarTvel episkoposebs Tana-
li sxdoma Sedga 1906 wlis 17 ianvars,

meore ki 1906 wlis 19 ianvars.
kirioni, romelm ac im dros orlovskisa da sevskis episkoposi iyo,
grZnobiT eqceoda profesori a. a. cagareli.

sinodma qarTvel episkoposTagan moismina moxseneba saqarTvelos eklesiis
da dasavleT saqarTvelos episkoposi

leonode, sinodis miTiTebis Sesabamisad gamocxaddnen peterburgSi. aRniSnul sxdomaSi monawileobis misaRebad.
1906 wlis 17 ianvars saRamos 7 saaTisaTvis, rogorc kironi wers `Cven
erTad gavemgzavreT sinodSi, sadac...
Sedga sinodis sruli kreba. am araCveulebriv krebas... daeswrnen: samive mitropoliti, egzarqosi nikolozi, mTavarepiskoposi voroneJisa anastasi, episkoposi tulisa lavrenti, ori dekanozi
- ianiSevi da Jelozovski, oberproku-
imJamindeli viTarebis Sesaxeb. leonidem ganacxada: `dRes qristianoba saqarTveloSi ganicdis saSinel kriziss,
xalxi aRar daiareba eklesiaSi. srulebiT
ahyara pativiscema samRvdeloebas,
mRvdlebis moqmedebas da swavla-darigebas aRar hqonda gavlena mrevlze.
rogorc samRvdeloeba, ise morwmune
nawili qarTveli erisa erTaderT saSualebad imisa, rom ar moispos sabolood
qristianoba saqarTveloSi da samRvdeloebam moipovos kvlavindeli ndoba samwysosi, sTvlis saqarTvelos eklesiis
rori Tavadi aleqsandre dimitris Ze

obolenski, misi amxanagi p. i. ostroumov i, ob erse kreta ri vi aCes lav s amuilovi da Cven orni~. 15 0
kirioni imdenad did mniSvnelobas aniWebda am krebas, rom mas adarebda giorgi
mTawmidelis drois antioqiis krebas,
avtokefaliis aRdgenas arCeviTi sistemiT. es daskvna erisa da samRvdeloebisa sabolooa, metad mtkicea da veragvari mosazreba ver Seacvlevinebs maT
am rwmenas~. 153
sinodis krebam ar irwmuna leonides
gancxadeba imis Sesaxeb, rom avtoke-
romelmac saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis sakiTxi ganixila: àmisTana didi

da pasuxsagebi saqmis gaZRola sinodis
win Cven orTa gvxvda da dagvawva kiserzed. amgvari saqme TiTqmis aTasi wlis
winaT ikisra da daagvirgvina kidec didebulma saqarTvelos Svilma giorgi mTawmidelma~. 151 kirionma da leonidem ase
gainawiles saqme: kirions daevala istoriuli mtkicebulebis motana, mowi-
faliis mopoveba eklesiis mdgomareobas

gaaumjobesebda. leonidem upasuxa: `saqarTvelos avtokefaluri gamgeblobisas
eklesiis mdgomareoba kargi iyo, xolo
rodesac avtokefaluri marTva moispo
da ruseTis sinodaluri gamgeoba Semovida, sarwmunoebac daeca, zneobac Seirya,
codnac daqveiTda da sxva... avtokefaliis
aRdgenis Semdeg ki eklesiis saTaveSi
dadgeba kaci, romelsac ecodineba Tavis
150
jvari vaz isa, 19 90, #3, gv. 57;
151
iqv e, gv. 58;
152
iqv e, gv. 57;
153
iqv e, gv. 57.
samwysos ena, Cveuleba, fsiqologia da
153
gana es ar gaaumjobesebs saqmes?~

am
sakiTxze pasuxobda kirionic. pasuxebs
sinodis wevrebi ar daeTanxmnen.
Semdegi sakiTxi Seexo eklesiaSi
qarTvel episkoposTa uflebebis SebRalvas, kerZod, `saqarTvelos episkoposebs
mxolod saxeli hqviaT episkoposisa,
uflebas ki srulebiT moklebulni varTo~.
amas daeTanxma ober-prokuroris moadgile, romelmac warmoTqva: `warmoudgenelia is usamarTloba, romelsac kantora (e.i. saegzarqoso) ayenebs qarTvel
episkoposebs. iqamde SezRudulni arian
episkoposebi, rom maT ufleba ara aqvT
gadawyviton romelime saCivari mRvdlis
Sesaxeb~. 154 Semdeg Seexnen qarTuli enis
swavlebis sakiTxs seminariasa da sasuliero saswavleblebSi. episkoposebma
gamoTqves ukmayofileba, kirionma ganacxada: `mxolod 1883 wlidan daarses qarTuli enis kaTedra da manamde aba ra mRvdlebi iqnebodnen kursdamTavrebulebi. me
TviTon qarTuli enis Seswavlas Sevudeqi, rodesac swavla davamTavre akademiaSi~. 154 marTlac, XIX s-Si qarTvelma
mRvdlebma cudad icodnen qarTuli wera.
amas miuTiTebs is, rom XIX s-is dRemde
SemorCenil qarTul sasuliero wignebSi (kondakebSi da sxva) qarTveli mRvdlebi TavianT saxels, gvarsa da pirad monacemebs werdnen ara qarTulad, aramed
kargi xeliT naweri rusuli asoebiT,
rusul enaze (ise, rogorc aTasi wliT
adre tao-klarjeTSi zogierTi qarTveli mRvdeli qarTul sasuliero wignebSi warwerebs akeTebda somxuri asoebiT). mizezi amisa iyo is, rom XIX s-Si
qar Tuli ekles ia ru suli ekles iis
sazRvrebSi iyo moqceuli da samRvde154
jvari vaz isa, 19 90, #3, gv. 57;
155
559
loebasac rusul skolebSi aswavlidnen

(xolo VI-VIII ss-Si taosa da nawilobriv klarjeTis qarTuli eklesiebi somxuri eklesiis sazRvrebSi iyo moqceuli
da samRvdeloebasac somxur skolebSi
aswavlidnen).
Semdegi sakiTxi Seexo qarTuli eklesiis istoriuli avtokefaliis rRvevas. kerZod, krebis wevrebi gamoTqvamdnen eWvs, rom saqarTvelos eklesias arc
XIX s-mde hqonda sruli avtokefaluri
uflebebi. episkoposebma Sesabamisi istoriuli faqtebi moiyvanes istoriuli
avtokefaliis dasacavad. eWvi gamoiTqva
imis Sesaxebac, SeiZleboda Tu ara erT
saxelmwifoSi (e.i. ruseTis imperiaSi)
ori damoukidebeli mTavari eklesiis arseboba. episkoposebma eWvis gasafantad
gamoiyenes bizantiis magaliTi, sadac istoriulad ramdenime avtokefaluri eklesia arsebobda.
s xd o m is da m Ta v r eb a md e ` o b er prokuror ma sTqva: avto kefalia
qarTvelebs TavSi arc ki mosvliaT. es
azri maT durnovom Caagona, romelmac
`peterburgskoe vedemostSi~ amaze ramdenime statia dabeWda. qarTvelebs Tavis
dReSi ar ganucxadebiaT Tavisi ukmayofileba sinodis winaaRmdego~. amaze
kirionma upasuxa: maS ra iyo, Tu ara
protesti egreT wodebuli `cerkovni
bunt 3 imereti~ 1820 wels~. 155
sabolood krebam daaskvna, rom aRniSnuli sakiTxi saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliisa sabolod unda gadaewyvita
sruliad ruseTis saeklesio krebas, saxelmwifos mTavar dawesebulebaTa da sasuliero uwyebis SeTanxmebis Semdeg. sinodma Seadgina komisia aRniSnuli sakiTxis gasarkvevad. qarTvelebs miaCndaT,
iqv e, gv. 60.
560
rom saqarTvelos eklesiis sakiTxis
garkveva SeeZlo mxolod msoflio saeklesio krebas, da ara ruseTis eklesias.
14) Semdegi TaTbiri Sedga 1906 wlis

19 ianvars. Tu 17 ianvris krebas xelisufleba uwodebda `saqarTvelos eklesiis sakiTxebisadmi miZRvnil TaTbirs~,
19 ianvars ki `saqarTvelos saegzarqososadmi miZRvnil TaTbirs~. krebamde
saubris dros egzarqosma ganacxada, rom
saqarTvelos gavlenian wreebSi yvela
ar uWerda mxars avtokefalias, `garda
amisa, namdvilad gavige, rom avtokefaliis qveS ifareba erovnuli avtonomia~. 156 am Sekrebaze undodaT moewviaT
`dimitri - baltis episkoposi~, romelsac kirioni `rZenawyen dimitris~ uwodebs. igi unda yofiliyo saqarTvelodan
xalxis mier gaZevebuli (foTidan 1904
wels gaqceuli) episkoposi dimitri abaSiZe, mowinaaRmdege saqarTvelos eklesiis
avtokefaliisa da mteri yovelive qarTulisa. amitomac uwodebdnen dedis ZuZus
SembRalvels `rZenawyens~. am krebaze igi
ar misula, qarTvelTagan mxolod kirioni da leonide eswrebodnen. krebam pirvel sakiTxad ganixila yofil egzarqos
pavles proeqti saqarTvelos eklesiis
marTva-gamgeobis wesier niadagze dayenebis da kantoris reorganizaciis Sesaxeb. kirionma gaixsena sinodaluri kantoris 18 14 wlis debuleba, romlis
mixedviTac, rogorc Cans, egzarqosebi
erovnebiT qarTvelebi unda yofiliyvnen,
unda hqonodaT mitropolitis xarisxi,
prokurori (kantorisa) erovnebiT qarTveli unda yofiliyo (mxolod pirveli
iyo aseTi), metrikebis warmoeba qarTul
enaze unda yofiliyo, kantoraSi yvela
eparqias unda hyoloda Tavisi warmo156
jvari vaz isa, 1990, # 3, gv. 61.
madgeneli wevri da sxva. yvela es wesi
1906 wlisaTvis moSlili iyo. episkoposma leonidem waikiTxa moxseneba imis
Sesaxeb, Tu rogor daaqveiTa saqarTvelos eklesia egzarqosebis marTvam erTi
saukunis ganmavlobaSi da ramdenad aucilebelia momavalSi mospoba am mavne mimarTulebisa avtokefaliis aRdgeniT. am
moxsenebam aaRelva saqarTvelos imJamindeli egzarqosi nikoloz nalimovi.
daiwyo metad mwvave xasiaTis kamaTi urTierTis eklesiebisaTvis Seuracxmyofeli. erTi mxare amtkicebda, rom qarTvelebis guls qristianuli sarwmunoeba
ar gahkarebia, ar hqonda SeTvisebuli
qristianoba, Tumca ki xmliT xelSi
icavdnen mas, amis dasturad miaCndaT
is, rom maTi azriT qarTvelebs erovnebiT
qarTveli cota wmidani hyavdaTo. episkoposebma pasuxi gasces, kirionma Semdeg
Tqva - `Tqven ar iciT Cveni zne-Cveuleba da istoria da me ki axlave TiTebzed CamogiTvliT, rom qarTvelebs gacilebiT meti da ufro didebuli wmidanebi hyavT, vidre rusebsa. didad Tavmosawonia da Cvenc yovelTvis Tavi mogvaqvs, rom Cvenma mSobliurma saydarma ar
icoda da arc icis ras hqvian mwvalebloba. mwvaleblobas mometebuli nawili naswavli pirebisa sTvlis pirdapir
Sedegad xalxis gonebrivi sibnelisa da
zneobrivi dacemisa. xolo rac Seexeba
qristianobas, igi arc erT xalxs ar
SeuTvisebia mTeli Tavisi sisavsiT da
mTlianobiT. misgan, rogorc uSreti
wyarosagan, yvela xalxi iRebda mxolod
im elementebs qristianuli cxovrebisa, romlebic misTvis iyo xelmisawvdomi Tavisi gonebrivi
da zneobrivi
mdgomareobis Sesabamisad. ase, kaTolikobam ganaviTara mkacri saeklesio or-
561
ganizacia, berZnebma gamoimuSaves ra gar-
dros kirions uwodebda èrisaTvis ga-
egnuli wesebi, ZiriTadad ganaviTares

disciplina - saeklesio ganawesi, garegnuli keTilsaxovneba (rusebis umravlesobisaTvis, ambobs m. menSikovi, rwmena aris Cveuleba da ara zneobrivi
nawamebsa da Rvawlmosil moamages~ Tavis

TiTqmis saidumlo werilSi, romelic man,
leonidem, patriarq tixons gaugzavna. 158
winaswar unda iTqvas, rom 1906 wlis
am TaTbirma saqarTvelos eklesiis sak-
mrwamsi), xolo qarTvelebma gaaqristianes

TavianTi saukunovani erovnuli sarwmunoeba da daamyares TavianTi cxovreba
qristianul safuZvlebze, qristianobas
iTxi uary ofiTad gadawyvit a da amierkavkasiaSi saeklesio saqmeTa mogvarebas Seudga dekanoz vostorgovis proeqtiT, romelic iTvaliswinebda erTsa da
misces TavianTi erovnuli xasiaTis niSnebi: lmobiereba, guliTadoba, siTbo,

uborotoba da mdgradoba. 157
kreba kamaTis gamo Cqara daxures.
imave teritoriaze ori saeklesio xelisuflebis daarsebas (e.i. eTnikuri

qarTvelebis eklesiisa da rusulenovani
mrevlis eklesiisa). es proeqti rus profesor p. glubokovskis sityviT kanonikuri TvalsazrisiT ar iyo mTlianad
umwikvlo, `vinaidan erTsa da imave teritoriaze ori ùrTierTmoqiSpe saeklesio xelisuflebis daarsebisas mosalodneli iyo maT Soris mtruli ganwyobileba~. 159 sabolod ki, 20 kacisgan Semdgar sinodis komisias qarTuli eklesiis
aRdgenis sakiTxi ugulebeluyvia.
peterburgis TaTbirebi (1906 w.)
15) 1906. kirioni da leonide 1906

wlis zafxulSi peterburgSi imyofebodnen. amitomac, Cans, isini daeswrnen
`podsobornaia prisutstvias~, romeliRac
1906 wlis mart-aprilis TaTbirs, erTi
sxdoma qarTuli eklesiis sakiTxs mieZRvna, 18 .04.1906 w. miT umetes, rom
am saTaTbirom wlis dasawyisSi qarTuli sakiTxis Semswavleli komisiac Seqmna. leonide wers, rom kirionma ùmaRlesi brZanebiT daarsebul 1906 wlis
saeklesio krebis winaswar TaTbirze
wara dgina oTxi k lasiku rad yo veli
mxriT damTavrebuli SesaniSnavi moxseneba: a) qarTuli saeklesio sakiTxi;
b) ra aiZulebs qarTvelebs imecadinon
Tavisi eklesiis avtokefaliis aRdgenisaTvis; g) romel iverias mieniWa avtokefalia XI s-Si; d) nacionaluri
principi eklesiaSi~. 158
aqve unda aRvniSno, rom leonide 1919
wlis 5 agvistos Tavis patriarqobis
157
jvari vaz isa, 19 90, #3, gv. 63;
158
iqv e, gv. 7 5;
krebas daswrebia avtokefaliis mowinaaRmdeged miCneuli episkoposi eqvTime

eliaSvili. momxre profesorebi: aleqsandre cagareli, aleqsandre xaxanaSvili,
niko mari. kirionma, rogorc vTqviT,
waikiTxa oTxi moxseneba. meoTxe moxsenebaSi saTauriT: `nacionaluri principi eklesiaSi~, avtori ambobs: `nacionaluri principi cno eklesiam misi istoriis saTaveSive, rodesac suliwmida
gadmovida mociqulebze, maT dauwyes
RmerTs dideba sxvadasxva enaze da Semdeg uqadages xalxs saxareba maTTvis
gasageb enaze. nacionalur princips eklesiebSi aRiarebs mociqulebis 34-e kanoni, romlis mixedviT yovel erovnebas
unda hyavdes Tavisi sasuliero warmo159
iqv e, gv. 69.
562
madgeneli~. am sxdomaze vrceli moxseneba waikiTxa peterburgis universitetis damsaxurebulma profesorma aleqsandre cagarelma (rusulidan Targmnili
qarTulad gamoica 1911 wels), misi TqmiT,
ruseTTan `SeerTebamde~ saqarTvelos
hqonda sruli saeklesio da samoqalaqo
damoukidebloba, rom 1810 wlamde kaTalikosis adgilze egzarqosis dadgineba
aravis ar ganuzraxavs. sinodma gadadga
es nabiji general tormasovis CagonebiT
da amiT daarRvia ganCinebani msoflio
da adgilobrivi krebebisa. ruseTis sinodma saqarTvelos eklesiis Sesaxeb Caidina Semdegi ukanonoba: 1. gaauqma Zveli
iveriis sakaTalikoso; 2. CamoarTva mamulebi; 3. gaauqma misi Zveli dadgenilebani; 4. daevala saqarTvelos eklesias
edResaswaula ruseTis eklesiis wmidanTa dReebi. 5. agzavnis qarTuli enis
ucodinar eklesiis mmarTvel egzarqosebs;
saswavlebelSi sagnebs aswavlian mxolod
rusul enaze; 7. eklesiis mier sabuTebi
(metrikebi) rusulad unda Sedges da sxva.
vrceli da Zalze saintereso sityva warmoTqva profesorma aleqsandre xaxanaSvilma. yuradReba miiqcia niko maris moxsenebam `saqarTvelos eklesiis istoriuli ganxilva Zveli droidan~. 160 am krebis SedegebiT aRSfoTebuli qarTveli samRvdeloeba acxadebda, rom ar miiRebda
axlad daniSnul egzarqoss. 1 61 krebam
saqarTvelosTvis nayofi ar gamoiRo. egzarqos nikons eSinoda saqarTveloSi gamgzavreba, mas emuqrebodnen.
16) peterburgis winasakrebo TaTbiri (1906 w. ivnisi da noemberi). saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis aRdgenis
sakiTxi 1906 wlis gazafxulze sinodis winaSe, qarTveli samRvdeloebis
160
moTxovniT, daayena saqarTvelos yofilma egzarqosma arqiepiskoposma nikolozma. sinodma ganixila ra aRniSnuli sakiTxi, igi gadasawyvetad gadasca uzenaes xelisuflebas. 1906 wlis 11 agvistos ruseTis imperatoris nikoloz II-s
brZanebiT es sakiTxi gansaxilvelad gadaeca sruliad ruseTis momaval saeklesio krebas. ai, ras vkiTxulobT `saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis Sesaxeb
umaRles brZanebaSi~, romelic sinodma
saqarTvelos egzarqoss gamougzavna 1906
wlis 22 agvistos: `brZaneba misis imperatorobiT udidebulesobis, sruliad
ruseTis TviTmpyrobelisa uwmidesisa da
umarTebules sinodidan sinodis wevrs
saqarTvelos egzarqoss, yovlad usamR v d el o e s s n ik o n s , a rq i e p i s k op o s s
qarTlisas da kaxeTisas. brZanebisamebr
misis imperatorobiT udidebulesobisa,
uwmidesma da umarTebulesma sinodma moismines: winadadeba uwmidesi sinodis oberprokurorisa, agvistos 17-s. #6541-Ta,
romelSic moxsenebulia im Suamdgomlobis
gamo, romelic saqarTvelos egzarqosad
yofilis, arqiepiskoposis nikolozis
saSualebiT aRZres episkoposebma: imereTisam, guria-samegreloAsam, gorisa da
alaverdisam, rom saqarTvelos eklesias avtokefaloba miniWeboda, xelmwife imperatorma mis, oberprokuroris, uqveSevrdomles moxsenebaze agvistos 11 dResa umaRlesad ineba: gamoecxados dasaxelebul episkoposebs, rom
sakiTxi saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokef a l o b i s a g a r d a ec a g a n s a x i l v e l a d
sruliad ruseTis momaval saeklesio
krebas. brZanes: moxsenebuli umaRlesi
neba brZanebiT gamoecxados Tqvens yovlad usamRvdeloesobas, agvistos 22
dResa, 1906 welsa. #9111. 162
e. nikolaZe, saq arTvel os ekle siis is toria, 1918, gv. 219;
161
mwyemsi, #11-12, 1906, gv. 20.
563
amas mohyva 1906 wlis 23 agvistos
areba imisa, rom saqarTvelos eklesiis
umaRlesi brZanebuleba, romelic exeboda saqarTvelos eklesiis Sinagani wyo-
avtokefaliis aRdgenis sakiTxi `separatuli da revoluciuri sakiTxi~ ki
bis mowesrigebas, episkoposTa uflebebis

gafarToebas, konsistoriebis, anu sammarTveloebis Seqmnas, sasuliero skolebSi programebis gadasinjvas, masSi qarTuli
enis swavlebisaTvis yuradRebis gamax-
ar iyo, rogorc amas misi mtrebi amtkicebdnen, aramed saxelmwifo mniSvnelobis sakiTxi. uwmides sinodTan Seiqmna
sruliad ruseTis saeklesi o krebis
winaswari saTaTbiro, romelic sxvadasxva
vilebas, qarTuli saeklesio sagaloblebis

swavlebis gaZlierebas, sasuliero wigneb-
seqciebad, anu ganyofilebebad daiyo.

II ganyofilebas miendo kavkasiis eklesiis
is qarTulad Targmnasa da gamocemas,

zogierTi saeklesio Tanamdebobis da wesebis gauqmebas. yvela am RonisZiebas xeli
saqmeebis mowesrigeba.
1906 wlis noembris (noember-dekembris) sxdomebze saqarTvelos eklesiis
unda Seewyo saqarTvelos eklesiis gan-
avtokefaliis aRdgenasTan dakavSirebu-
mtkicebisaTvis, misi saqmianobis gamococxlebisaTvis, magram mis gasatareblad arc

sinodi da arc mefis xelisufleba Tavs
srulebiTac ar iwuxebda. 163
li sakiTxebis ganxilvaSi monawileobdnen moskovis mitropoliti flabiani,

vladimiris arqiepiskoposi nikolozi,
romlebic adre saqarTveloSi egzarqose-

aRdgenis moTxovna ar iyo mxolod konfe ns ion alu ri sa kiT xi , e rov nu li
damoukideblobisaTvis brZola aq re-
bad iyvnen. qarTveli samRvdeloebidan

saTaTbiroSi warmodgenilni iyvnen guriasa megr elos epi skop osi leon ide da
episkoposi eqvTime.
ligiuri formiT gamodioda, rac ruseTis carizms, rasakvirvelia mxedvelobidan ar gamoepareboda. 163
`carizmma ver gabeda qarTvelTa moTx-
saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefalias

mxars uWerdnen da gulmodgined icavdnen profesorebi: aleqsandre cagareli,
aleqsandre xaxanaSvili, niko mari, pe-
ovnebis xelaRebiT uaryofa da misi gadawyveta moxerxebulad ganusazRvreli

droiT gadado, radganac momavali sruliad ruseTis saeklesio krebis mowvevis
TariRi jer kidev dadgenili ar iyo. es
terburgis sasuliero akademiis profesori nikoloz zaozerski, m. kovalnicki. i. palmovi da sxvebi. maTi oponentebi iyvnen saqarTvelos eklesiis mtrebi
_ dekanozebi: i. vostorgovi da t. but-
brZaneba iyo mefis xelisuflebis mier

kidev erTi fandi, Tavidan aecilebina
qarTvelTa ukmayofilebis Semdgomi zrda
keviCi, profesorebi: glubokovski, berdnikovi, almazovi, ostroumovi, episkoposi stefane, mitropolitebi: vladimi-
da saqarTvelos eklesiis sakiTxis faqtiuri gadawyveta~. 163

ùzenaesi xelisuflebis 1906 wlis
11 agvistos brZanebas mainc didi mniS-
ri da makari, tveris episkoposi serafimi, episkoposi inokenti~. 164

`saqarTvelos eklesiis interesebis
dacvaSi didi damsaxureba miuZRvis rus
vneloba hqonda, radganac es iyo aRi-
swavluls nikoloz durnovos~. ìgi iyo
162
164
gaz . `saq arTvelo ~, 10 ivnisi, 1916 w. wign Si: g. rogav a, dasax. naSr. gv. 104-10 5;
q. pavliaSvili, saqarTv elos saegzarqo so 190 0-1917 ww. Tb. 1995 w. gv. 129.
163
iqv e, gv. 105;
564
aRmosavleTis marTlmadidebeli eklesie-
loebisaTvis yovelTvis miuRebeli iyo
bis istoriis didi mcodne, RvTismoSiSi

orTodoqsi da patrioti, qarTveli xalxis
am eklesiiis avtokefaliis gauqmeba, aseTi

politikisadmi xalxis protesti gamoix-
didi megobari, sasuliero akademiis profesori, romelic 30 welze met xans
ata mis mier eklesiisadmi zurgis SeqceviT, misgan ganze gadgomiT. samRvde-
icavda saqarTvelos eklesiis uflebebs~.165

`winaswarma saTaTbirom 1906 wlis
ivnissa da noemberSi orjer ganixila
loeba da sazogadoebis mowinave nawili

ukmayofilebas aSkarad ver gamoxatavdnen swored im mizeziT, ra mizeziTac
saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis sakiTxi. rodesac cxadi gaxda, rom ar
rusi samRvdeloeba 1905 wlamde ar ayenebdnen ruseTSi patriarqis xelisu-
arsebobda saeklesio safuZvlebi am avtokefaliis winaaRmdeg, sakiTxis ganx-
flebis aRdgenas~. 168

`v osto r go v i amtk i c eb da ,
ilva gadatanil iqna politikur sibrtyeze da vostorgovi da butkeviCi

Seecadnen qarTvelebisaTvis politikuri
separatizmi daebralebinaT~. 166
saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis aRdgena gamoiwvevda qarTuli da araqarTuli marTlmadidebluri eklesiebis urTierTdapirispirebas. prof. cagarelma ga-
`1906 wlis 2 ivniss organizacia

`russkoe sobranies~ saerTo krebaze vostorgovma specialuri moxseneba gaakeTa
Sesaxeb. vostorgovi gulmodgined cdi-
moaSkarava am mtkicebis siyalbe da miuTiTa, rom bevr qveyanaSi erTmaneTis gverdiT arsebobs marTlmadidebeli eklesiebi,
romelTa mrevlic mravalerovania, magram maT es srulebiTac ar uSlis xels
lobda daemtkicebina, rom es sakiTxi

qarTvel xalxs saerTod ar awuxebda
da mas igi arc wamouyenebia. XIX s-Si
erTianobaSi. marTlmadideblobas zians

ayenebs ara sxvadasxvaerovan mrevlTa
arseboba erT teritoriaze, aramed ek-
qarTvelebs erTxelac ar dausvamT es

problema. misi mtkicebiT, igi wamoWra
lesiebis meTaurebad iseTi samRvdeloebis gagzavna, romelmac ar icis Tavisi
revoluciis gavleniT samRvdeloebisa da

Tavadaznaurobis mxolod mcire nawil-
samwysos ena, xol o mrevlma Tavisi

sulieri mwyemsis ena~. 169
ma. eklesiis avtokefaliis sakiTxi iyo

TiTqosda mxolod Sirma mTeli saqarTvelos politikuri avtonomiisaTvis, rom-
sinodis saTaTbiroSi imdenad didi

iyo saqarTvelos eklesiis arakeTilmos ur ne Ta S em ot ev a, r om m is i we vr i
lis aRdgena dauSvebeli iyo rogorc

istoriuli, aseve politikuri da yofacxovrebiTi TvalsazrisiT~. 167
dek. i. vostorgovis am mtkicebas
` p ro f . a l. c a g ar e l m a s a T a T bi r o s
qarTvelebi araerTxel gamxdaran iZulebulni daetovebinaT sxdomebi, xolo

bolo or sxdomas srulebiTac ar eswrebodnen. 16 9
prof. almazovis mtkicebiT, saqarTve-
sxdomaze uwoda Segnebuli siyalbe, ramdenadac qarTveli xalxisa da samRvde-
los eklesiis mdgomareoba ucvlelad

unda darCeniliyo, e.i. uwmides sinodis
rom
g. rogav a. das. naS. gv. 106-107; 166 iqve, gv . 107; 167 , VI 1906 . 1907, #88,
3, wignSi g. rogava dasax. naSr. gv. 107; 168 .
, ,1912, . XXI I; 169 iqv e, gv. XXV. wignSi: g . rogava. das ax. naSr. gv. 108.
165
morCilebaSi, misi azriT, saqarTvelos
eklesiam avtokefaloba miiRo politikuri
principebiT, mas imTaviTve ar hqonda
TviTmwysoba, aramed miiRo ufro gvian,
po li ti kur i gan vi Ta reb is ga rk ve ul
etapze da amitomac SesaZlebeli iyo
misi gauqmebac~. 16 9
`prof. cagareli istoriuli faqtebis logikuri analizis safuZvelze amxelda ra aseT debulebaTa siyalbes, Tavis
mxriv amtkicebda, rom arc konstantinopolis eklesia iyo imTaviTve avtokefaluri, igi mas mieniWa ara saeklesio
damsaxurebis gamo, aramed rogorc imperatoris axal sarezidencio qalaqSi
arsebuls. a. cagarelis azriT, saqarTvelos ruseTTan SeerTebis sakiTxi iyo
saerTaSoriso samarTlis sakiTxi, xolo
saqarTvelos eklesiis daqvemdebareba
ruseTis uwm. sinodis mier - saeklesio
samarTlis sakiTxi. am ori samarTlis
ZiriTadi principebi arsebiTad gansxvavdeba erT maneTisagan , rac cxada d Cans
kviprosis magaliTze. antioqiis patriarqs surda daemorCilebina Tavisi xelisuflebisadmi es eklesia imis safuZvelze, rom kviprosi maSin eqvemdebareboda antioqiis samoqalaqo xelisuflebas, magram III saeklesio krebam Tavisi
dadgenilebiT (me-7 muxli) ar dauSva
aseTi daqvemdebareba. ruseT-saqarTvelos
urTierToba analogiuri iyo antioqiakviprosis urTierTobisa. aseve, egvipte,
palestina da siria eqvemdebareboda konstantinopolis samoqalaqo xelisuflebas, magram aleqsandriis, ierusalimisa
da antioqiis eklesiebi, anu sapatriarqoebi ar eqvemdebarebodnen konstantinopolis patriarqs. amrigad prof. al.
170
565
cagareli aRniSnavda, `samoqalaqo daqvemdebareba ar aris safuZveli saeklesio

daqvemdebarebisaTvis. arc saeklesio, arc
samoqalaqo kanonebSi ar aris Tqmuli,
rom aucilebelia saeklesio olqebis
da yof a qv eyn is sam oqa laqo da yof is
analogiurad~. 17 0
àl. cag areli Tavis op onentebs
Taobaze umtkicebda Semdegs: saqarTvelos (iveriis) avtokefaliad arseboba
1811 wlamde ueWvelia; mas egzarqatis
arsebobis drosac ar daukargavs Tavisi
avtokefalia, magram moklebulia SesaZleblobas daicvas Tavisi uflebebi. faqtiurad saqarTvelos eklesia ar aris
SeerTebuli ruseTis eklesiasTan, aramed
misi qvrivobis Jams imarTeba droebiTi
egzarqosis mier, romelic igzavneba
ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi sinodidan.
TviTmwysobis uflebis mqone eklesiis
daqvemdebareba egzarqosis mier ewinaaRmdegeba saeklesio kanonebs, saerTod marTlmadidebeli eklesiis praqtikas. qarTvel xalxSi rwmenis dacema egzarqosis
mmarTvelobis wlebSi ueWveli faqtia.
arc uwmides sinods, arc ruseTis eklesiis krebas ar SeuZlia kanonierad
waarTvas an aCuqos saqarTvelos eklesias avtokefalia. im dros oficialuri
dokumentis mixedviT, egzarqosis daniSvna saqarTvelos eklesiaSi miznad isaxavda misi meurneobis mowesrigebas. saeklesio mamulebi didi xnis winaT gadaeca xazinas, saeklesio glexebi gaTavisuflebulia, ekonomiis TvalsazrisiT
eparqiebi Sekvecilia minimumamde da a.S.
maSasadame, egzarqosis funqciebi amowurulia da mis Semdgom arsebobas saqarTveloSi azri ara aqvs. al. cagarelis
iqve, gv. 41, wignSi: g. rogava, qristianuli religia da eklesia... (1801-1917 ww.) Tb. 1997 w., gv. 109.
566
azriT, yoveli eklesia unda imarTebodes
misi episkoposTa krebis mier. 171
`gansxvavebiT almazovisa da butkeviCisagan, romlebma c ar icodnen arc
saqarTvelosa da arc misi eklesiis istoria, arc qarTuli sasuliero literatura, saeklesio samarTali, wes-Cveulebani da tradiciebi. prof. n. zaozerski
sakmaod kargad icnobda qarTul hagiografiul literaturas da iyenebda
mas Tavis SromebSi. sworad es profesori gamovida almazovisa da butkeviCis
mtkicebaTa winaaRmdeg saTaTbiros II
ganyofilebis sxdomaze, sadac isini moiTxovdnen saqarTvelos eklesias ar miscemoda avtokefalia. n. zaozerskisTan erTad qarTvelebs mxars uWerda saeklesio
istoriis profesori i. sokolovi. 172
`prof. m. a. ostroumovis azriT,
saqarTvelos eklesiis gamoyofa ruseTis eklesiisgan ar SeiZleba imis gamo,
rom is mTeli saukunis ganmavlobaSi Sedioda ruseTis eklesiis SemadgenlobaSi, xolo Tavis mxriv `mTel saukunes
istoriidan ver amoagdeb~. 173
prof. n. mari aSkara protests acxadebda imis gamo, rom winasaeklesio saTaTbiro sakamaTod xdida sayovelTaod cnobil debulebebs, rogoricaa saqarTvelos
ek lesi is avt okef alo ba da q arT ul
skolebSi mSobliuri enis swavlebis
saWiroeba. vostorgovisa da butkeviCis
winaaRmdeg, romlebic qarTvel samRvdeloebas separatizms abralebdnen, n. mari
werda: `vostorgovs ara aqvs araviTari
warmodgena arc namdvil saqarTveloze,
arc namdvil qarTul eklesiaze, rom qristianuli suli misTvis ucxoa, rom is
aris aSkara mteri kavkasiis uZvelesi
qristianuli xalxebisa _ qarTvelebisa
g. rogava, dasax. naSr . gv. 109-110; 17 2 iqve , gv. 110;
. 5 ; 17 5 g. rogava, dasax . naSr. , gv. 111.
17 1
da somxebisa, rom misi usazRvro siZulvilis nestari mimarTulia marTlmadidebeli qarTuli eklesiis winaaaRmdeg~. 174
qarTveli èpiskoposebi kirioni da
leonide TavianT sityvebSi saTaTbiros
sxdomebze da TavianT nawerebSi amtkicebdnen, rom ruseTis sinodma saqarTvelos eklesiis winaSe Caidina rigi ukanonoba: saqarTvelos eklesiis dadgenilebisa da msoflio eklesiis Tanxmobis
gareSe gaauqma Zveli iveriis sakaTalikoso, sikvdilamde kaTalikosad arCeul
anton II-s, damoukidebeli saeklesio olqisa da msoflio eklesiis wevrs, CamoarTva xarisxi da ZaldatanebiT gaagzavna ruseTs. saqarTvelos eklesias CamoarTva mamulebi, gaauqma saqarTvelos eklesiis adgilobrivi krebebi mTeli XIX
s-is ganmavlobaSi, daavala saqarTvelos
e kl e si e bs m i si kr e bi s d au d ge n la d
edResaswaula ruseTis eklesiis wmidanTa dReebi, agzavnida da agzvnis saqarTvelos eklesiis mmarTvelebad egzarqosebs,
r om l e bm a c a r ic i an q ar T u li e na .
saqarTveloSi arsebul sasuliero saswavleblebSi yvela sagans aswavlian mxolod rusulad. egzarqosebi moiTxoven,
rom metrikebi iwerebodes rusul enaze,
romeli enac ar gaegeba samRvdeloebis
erT nawils, Jurnal `saqarTvelos saegzarqosos uwyebani~ gamodis mxolod
rusul enaze da samRvdeloebis erT nawils ar ZaluZs misi wakiTxva. qarTul
ekl esia s di dZal i ma mule bi h qond a,
romelic mas CamoarTva ruseTis xelisuflebam, ramac didad gaaRariba eklesiamonastrebi, maT ara aqvT saWiro Tanxebi, rom Tavi Seinaxon. 175
winasaeklesio saTaTbiros II ganyofilebis sxdomaze vostorgovma saqarTve17 3
iqve , gv. 110;
17 4
. . ,
567
los eklesiis Taobaze waradgina 2 proeq-
glebSi yvela araruss (inorodecs) sar-
ti. erTi iTvaliswinebda egzarqosis nacvlad samitropolitoebis daarsebas, xo-
wmunoebis mmarTvelobis saqmeSi sakuTari damo ukidebloba aqvs, somxebi,
lo meore egzarqatis gauqmebas da mxolod eparqiebis arsebobas. arc pirveli da arc meore proeqti damtkicebuli ar iqna, aramed miRebul iqna mxolod cnobad. qarTvel deputatebs am
musulmanebi, ebraelebi da a.S. TavianT

aRmsareblobis mmarTvelobaSi TviTTavadni
arian, maT aqvT sakuTari sasuliero saswavleblebi, sadac swavla mSobliur
enazea da yoveldRe mSobliuris swav-
proeqtis ganxilvaSi protestis niSnad

monawileoba ar miuRiaT~. 176
lebas daTmobili aqvs farTo adgili.

maT damoukideblad marTavs sakuTari sam-
`winasaeklesio saTaTbiros II ganyofilebis sxdomam, romelsac qarTveli

deputatebi ar eswrebodnen, qvorumis
Rvdeloeba. ucnauria, rom im sikeTes

moklebuli arian mxolod marTlmadidebeli qarTvelebi, TiTqosda sasjelad
uqonlobis pirobebSi, miiRo uaryofiTi
maTi marTlmadideblobis gamo. martooden
dadgenileba saqarTvelos eklesiis Taobaze, maSin rodesac, Tavis mxriv, saWirod

scno ruseTis eklesiaSi patriarqobis
aRdgena. 17 7
marTlmadidebeli qarTvelebis uuflebobam SeiZleba warmoSvas azri, rom

ararusebisaTvis erovnuli gagebiT, marTlmadideblur ruseTSi saxeiro ar aris
ruseTis uwmidesma sinodma gadawyvita sastikad gasworeboda qarTvel

àvtokefalistebs~, episkoposi kirioni saqarTvelodan gaiwvia da ruseTis
marTlmadidebluri sarwmunoebis aRmsarebloba. saqmis aseTi viTareba SeiZleba

aixsnas mxolod rogorc zianis momtani
marTlmadideblobisaTvis. amgvari ugu-
erT-erT yru monasterSi gaagzavna ramde ni me wli T. ep is kop os i l eon id ec

Tavis kaTedras moaSores da sxvagan
ga dai yvan es~ . 1 7 7
nuri viTarebis Semdgomi SenarCuneba, Cveni azriT, miCneuli unda iqnes udides
saxelmwifoebriv da religiur Secdomad. amitom gansaxilvelad warmogid-
ì. WavWavaZe eswreboda am sakiTxisadmi (e.i. avtokefaliis aRdgena) miZRvnil krebas TbilisSi, iyo kavkasiis mefis nacval graf voroncov-daSkovTan
am sakiTxze mosalaparakeblad; ilia Tavis
genT Suamdgomlobas, qarTuli eklesiisaTvis mis wiaRSi uZvelesi droidan

arsebuli avtokefaliis dabrunebis Sesaxeb; vimedovnebT, rom amiT vasrulebT
Cvens moqalaqeobriv vals da vsasoebT,
Tavze iRebs avtokefaliis aRsadgenad

win waruZRves did demonstracias, Tavis
binaze ilia megobrebTan erTad didi in-
rom am Txovnam Tqveni brwyinvalebis

mxardaWera daimsaxuros~. 17 9
ilias es xelnaweri, prof. S. badriZis
teresiT ecnoboda am avtokefaliasTan

dakavSirebul sakiTxebs~. 178
i. WavWavaZis pirad saarqivo fondSi
SemorCenilia rusuli, misive naweri te-
azriT, SeiZleba iyos im moxsenebis teqsti, romelic man miarTva avtokefaliis sakiTxze 1905 wels graf voroncovdaSkovs TbilisSi an imave wlis Se-
qsti, romelSic naTqvamia: `ruseTis far-
mod goma ze si nodi s ob er-pr okur ors
g. rogava, dasax. naSr., gv. 112; 17 7 iqve , gv. 112; 17 8 iqve , gv. 113; 17 9 S. badriZe , i. WavWavaZ e da
qarT uli ekl esiis avtokefaliis sakiTxi, `jvari vazisa, 1987, gv. 46-47.
17 6
568
obolenskis, romelsac vrclad ganumar-
iveriis eklesia, rogorc avtokefaluri,
tavda saqarTvelos avtokefaliis arss

da am sakiTxis mougvarebloba miaCnda
ar SeiZleba wmida kanonebis (39-e kanoni II msoflio krebisa, me-8 kanoni III
mravali ubedurebis, kerZod, rogorc
msoflio krebisa) safuZvelze mas daemor-
ilia ganmartavda, qristianuli keTil-
Cilos. amas sWirdeboda aRmosavleTis
dReobis moSlis erT-erT mizezad.
180
patriarqTa Tanxmoba, rac saerTod ar
i. gogebaSvilma 1905 wels special-
yofila. sinodma mas araviTari angariSi
uri statia uZRvna aRniSnul sakiTxs
ar gauwia da saqarTvelos eklesiis
gazeT `vozroJdeniaSi~, romelSic av-
damoukidebloba sruliad ubodiSod gaau-
tori amtkicebs, rom saqarTvelos eklesia daarsda jer kidev IV-Si da man
qma. moxda eklesiebis istoriaSi jer

arnaxuli moqmedeba; erTma avtokefalurma
gaiara Tavisi ganviTarebis gzaze 3 eta-
eklesiam daimorCila meore, aseve av-
pi: antioqiuri, nacionaluri da rusu-
tokefaluri eklesia~. 183
li. misi azriT, III etapze saqarTvelos
`balsamonis cnobas XI s-is Sua xaneb-
eklesia xdeba rusuli eklesiis danamati - egzarqosobis mkacri sistema, romel-
Si, 1053 w. saqarTvelos eklesiisadmi
ic gamsWvalulia fsiqopaTiuri siZul-
turebs XIV s-is avtoriteti maTe blas-
viliT yovelgvari qarTulisadmi, gamoyenebuli iyo, ise ulmoblad rom 1819
tari da XVII s-is ierusalimis patriarqi dosifei, romelic sargeblobda
wlidan dawyebuli Cvens dromde, mTeli
Zveli berZnuli da arabuli wyaroebiT.
saukunis ganmavlobaSi, saqarTvelos eg-
al. cagareli wers: èparqia zemo iveri-
zarqosad erTxelac ar yofila daniS-
isa (mcxeTis kaTedra) damoukidebeli
nuli qarTveli, Tumca qarTvel sasuliero pirTa Soris iyvnen maRalganviTare-
gaxda konstantine monomaxisa da anti-
buli da friad Rirseuli ierarqebi~.
181
avtokefaliis miniWebis Sesaxeb adas-
oqiis patriarqis petres dros.~ isini

marTlac erTdroulad moRvaweobdnen.
`saqarTvelos eklesiis oponentebi

ase gulmodgined imitom cdilobdnen
uareyoT am eklesiis avtokefaloba, raTa
daemtkicebinaT debuleba imis Sesaxeb,
`samRvdeloebis saeparqio
rom ruseTis uwm. sinods TiTqosda ar
yriloba~ (1907 w.)
daurRvevia msoflio saeklesio krebis

dadgenilebani (gansakuTrebiT IV msof-
17) 1907 w. 6 ivniss TbilisSi Sedga
lio krebis dadgenilebis me-12 muxli),

romelSic naTqvamia, rom arc erT ekle-
`samRvdeloebis saeparqio yriloba~. yrilobis TvalsazrisiT saqarTvelos ek-
sias ara aqvs ufleba Tavis gavlenis
lesiis avtokefalia male unda aRdge-
qveS moaqcios sxva romelime eklesia~. 182

`kaTalikos-patriarqma anton II-m 1811
niliyo, amitomac yrilobas ar miaCnda

sasurvelad axali egzarqosis (nikonis)
wels uwmides sinods ganucxada, rom
saqarTveloSi gamgzavreba. `xangrZlivi
180
181
S. badriZe , i. WavWavaZ e da qarTuli e klesiis avtok efaliis sakiTx i, `jvari vazisa, 19 87, gv. 48;
g. rogava, dasax . naSr ., gv. 114-115; 182 iqv e, gv. 117-118; 183 iqv e, gv. 118.
569
kamaTis Semdeg gadawyda depeSa gaegza-
1907-1916 wlis krebebi
vnaT saxelmwifo sabWos wevrisaTvis, i.g.

WavWavaZisaTvis da eTxovaT, mTavarepisko-
18) 1907 w. 12.XII Sedga samRvde-
posi nikoni gaefrTxilebina, ar Camo-
loebis yriloba, romelmac daadgina

eswavlebinaT seminariebsa da sasulie-
suliyo saqarTveloSi, vinaidan, `Cven

mtkiced vicavT avtokefalias~, Tanac depeSis Sinaarsi euwyebina sinodis TavmjdomarisaTvis. 184 krebam ganaCina: gaegzavnos protesti mTavarepiskopos nikons
da mieces winadadeba ar daTanxmdes im
saeklesio olqSi daniSvnas, romelic
kanoniT ar eqvemdebareba uwmides sinods~. 185 nikoni Camovida viTarca `saqarTvelos egzarqosi~ 1907 w. 16 agvistos,
samRvdeloebam mas boikoti gamoucxada,
ar Sexvda wesisamebr. ruseTis wreebSi
gavrcelda aseTi xma - `qarTveli samRvdeloeba saTaveSi udgas ajanyebas~. 186
iqamde, rogorc cnobilia, 1906 wels,
ruseTis saeklesio krebis wina mosamzadebel TaTbirze kirionisa da leonides
monawileobiT ixileboda `qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis sakiTxi~. romelmac sabolood daadgina, rom es sakiTxi
unda ganexila ruseTis saeklesio krebas. amitomac 1906 w. 3 Tebervals es
gadawyvetileba gaaprotestes qarTvelma episkoposebma.
1907 w. 12.X. Sedga samRvdeloebis
kreba, romelmac moxsna aRniSnuli boikoti. 1908 wlis 18 maiss sinodis kantoris kibeze revolveris tyviiT mokles egzarqosi nikoni. mkvlelebi ver
ipoves, magram nikonis ìdeuri mowinaaRmdege~ arqimandriti ambrosi xelaia, ruseTSi gadaasaxles (1917 wlamde).
iqamde 1907 w. 12.XII Sedga samRvdeloebis yriloba.
mwye msi, # 11-12;
naSr. , gv . 7 0.
18 4
18 5
mwye msi, # 15-16;
18 6
ro saswavleblebSi saRvTismetyvelo
sagnebi qarTul enaze. nikoni amasTan
dakavSirebiT peterburgs atyobinebda
`seminarias, Tu iq erovnul enaze SemoiReben swavlebas, aRekveTos saxelmwifo xazinis daxmareba~.
1907 wlis bolos saqarTvelos samRvdeloebas Tavis krebaze miuRia dadgenileba qarTul enaze sasuliero sagnebis swavlebis SemoRebisa, amasTan dakavSirebiT 1908 wlis 20 ianvars ruseTis
sinodis Tavmjdomare mitropolit antons axali egzarqosi arqiepiskoposi
nikoni werda: `saqarTvelos samRvdeloebam
daadgina seminariasa da sasuliero saswavleblebSi saRvTismetyvelo sagnebis
swavleba SemoiRos qarTul enaze. magram, es araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar SeiZleba. xolo Tu maT mainc da mainc
miecemodaT nebarTva qarTul RvTismetyvelebaSi evarjiSnaT, maSin am saqmes
bolomde unda mivyveT da arafriT ar
unda gadavuxvioT saxelmwifoebriv safuZvlebs... waerTvas seminarias Semweoba saxelmwifo xazinidan, raki masSi swavlebas nacionalur enaze SemoiReben, da CamoerTvas is uflebebic, rasac igi Tvis
mowafeT aniWebda am cnobamdis, vidre
iyo savsebiT rusuli. maSin qarTvelebi
Cadenili saqcielis monaniebiT da cremlTa deniT SewyalebisaTvis uars ganacxadeben Tavis erovnul pretenziebze da
xvewniT mogvmarTaven davubrunoT is, rac
hqondaT. Tavazianoba amaTTan ar Rirs~. 187
k .p. kalis trate, iq ve, gv . 115;
18 7
k .p. kalis tr ate , dasax.
570
cremlTa denis nacvlad qarTvelma
faluri eklesiis saqmeSi, qarTvelma
nastudentarma nikoni mokla Tavisi rezidenciis ezoSi. Tu rogori garemo iyo
e pi s k op o s eb m a a m kr e b is a rc e rT i
saqarTvelos eklesiis Sesaxebi dadge-
Seqmnili 1908 wlisaTvis saqarTveloSi, kargad Cans 1907 wels dastambul

wignSi `saqarTvelos eklesiis akleba~.
mis Sesav alSi naTqva mia - àxla xan
ruseTSi rusul enaze gamovida erTi
nileba ar unda scnon... mas Semdeg rac

sawindawino komisiam maTi eklesia ar
wigni, romelSiac aSkarad aRwerilia yvela

is usamarTloba, rac gadaxda saqarTvelos da mis eklesias ruseTis saero da
sasuliero biurokratiisagan. wignis avtori rusia, Tavganwiruli monarqistpatrioti da imis mier saqarTvelosa da
misi eklesiis uflebaTa dacvaSi raime
mikerZoeba-miqomageba warmoudgenelia... dabeWdils cota ram kidev mivumateT da
calke wignad gamoveciT (wignis avtori
unda iyos durnovo, xolo mTargmneli m.
tyemalaZe (fsevdonimi `tonkmelisic~ mas
unda ekuTvnodes).
es wigni amJamadac ki damTrgunvelad moqmedebs mkiTxvelze, miT umetes,
roca sazogadoeba aRSfoTebuli iyo 1906
wlis sinodis gadawyvetilebiT. wignic
swored am sakiTxebiT iwyebs Txrobas:
`ruseTis saeklesio krebis sawindawino
komisiaSi saqarTvelos eklesiis mtrebma dekanozebma t. butkeviCma da i. vostorgovma, profesorebma almazovma, n.
glubokovskim da i. berdnikovma komisiis sxdoma ariv-daries da iZulebuli
yves episkoposebi leonidi da kirioni,
profesorebi cagareli da mari sxdomidan gulnatkenni gasuliyvnen.
ruseTis eklesiis momavali krebis
sawinaaRmdego komisiam iveriis eklesiis avtokefaliis saqmis sakiTxis saboloo gadawyveta miando momaval moskovis krebas... ruseTis eklesiis krebas
ufleba ara aqvs gaerios gareSe avtoke-
cno da abuCad aigdo~.

amis Semdeg mTargmneli iwyebs citirebas rusi avtoris Txzulebisa `saeklesio sakiTxebi ruseTSi~: `vinme
qarTvelma rom moindomos namdvili istoriis dawera rus egzarqos-uzurpatorTa moqmedebis Sesaxeb, rusebs pirisaxeze sircxvilis almuri auvaT, rusi
egzarqosebi saqarTveloSi imisaTvis ki
ar modiodnen, rom epatronaT iqauri
eklesiisaTvis, aramed imisaTvis, rom
gaeZarcvaT da gaeyvlifaT uZvelesi iveriis eklesiis qoneba, ZaliT aRmoefxvraT
qarTuli ena da Semdeg naZarcvi qonebiTa da fuliT dabrunebuliyvnen ruseTSi~. avtoris azriT, egzarqosma evsevim
200.000 maneTi daagrova, Teofilaqte
`pirdapir axrCobda qarTvelebs~, Seexo
wmida ninos saflavs, evgeni baJenovma
`monastrebi da eklesiebi gaqurda~, isidorem qarTul eklesias mamulebi waarTva, evsevi ilinskim gayida qarTvel kaTalikosTa uZvirfasesi samoseli, xatebsa
da samoslebs Zvirfasi Tvlebi daxsna.
evsevis dros qarTul eklesias 2 milioni maneTis nivTebi daekarga, pavlem
qarTvelebi dawyevla. maT dros gaiZarcva
yofili sakaTalikoso centri - gelaTis
monasteri, ara mxolod mZarcvelTa,
aramed quTaisis gubernator levaSovis
mier egzarqosis nebarTviT (gaitaces
oqrosydiani saxareba, sapatriarqo mitra, samoseli da sxva), sionidan daikarga
oqro, ramdenime fuTi margaliti, sxva
Zvirfasi qva, aseve gaiZarcvnen mcxeTis,
alaverdis, bodbis, nonowmidis da sxva
571
monastrebi. daikarga Zvirfasi qarTuli
mtkiced yofila ganwyobili, raTa ar
xelnawerebi. saqarTvelos eklesias ruseTis mTavrobam CamoarTva 137 milionze
ecno saqarTvelos eklesiis TviTmyofadobis sakiTxi. xolo Semdegma egzar-
meti maneTis qoneba da 14 aTasze meti

komli glexi, sul 140 milion maneTze
meti. weliwadSi am Tanxas SeeZlo moeca wminda Semosavali 15 milion maneTze
meti, ruseTis mTavrobis mier àmJamad
qosma aleqsi II molCanovma (1913-1914)

imperators arza miarTva, romelSic avtokefaliis ideas uwodebs - `qarTul
avtokefalistTa fantastikur bodvas~.
egzarqos platon roJdenstvenskis dros
qarTul saegzarqosoze ixarjeba 809.000

maneTi. aqedan 200.000 maneTi ixarjeba
(1915-1917), 1916 wlidan saqarTvelos

sxvadasxva kuTxeebSi (eparqiaSi) mowveu-
rusebisa da berZnebis samRvdeloebaze

da qristianobis aRmdgenel sazogadoebaze~. 1895 wels sinodalurma kanto-
li krebebi iRebdnen gadawyvetilebebs

avtokefaliis aRdgenis Sesaxeb. saqarTvelos eklesiis samRvdeloebis krebam eg-
ram afxazeTSi qarTuli wirva-locva da
zarqos platons gadasca pataki didi
swavla akrZala, Tumca iq 40.000 qarTvelia da 3420 rusi. vrceli msjelobis

Semdeg avtori wers: `zizRisa da gakicxvis Rirsi iqneba qarTuli samRvde-
mTa vris niko lozis admi gada sacem ad,

romelSic gamoTqmuli iyo Suamdgomloba avtokefaliis aRdgenisaTvis.
kanonieri gziT, ruseTis sinodisa da
loeba da eri, Tu man medgrad ar moiTxova dabruneba im uflebisa, romelic

mas ZalmomreobiTa da usamarTlod waarTva ruseTis mTavrobam~.
saeklesio mTavrobis CarTviT qarTulma

samRvdeloebam ver moaxerxa eklesiis
avtokefaliis aRdgena, amitomac daeloda Sesaferis politikur moments, romel-
19) 1916 w. egzarqos nikonis mkvlelobis (28.05.1908) Semdeg axali egzarqosic inokenti beliaevi (1909-1913)
ic male dadga. 1917 wlis Tebervlis

TveSi TviTmpyrobeloba daemxo, ruseTis saTaveSi movida demokratiuli e.w.
droebiTi mTavroba.
572
1917 wlis avtokefaliis aRmdgeneli krebebi

(cxra kreba)
`TviTgamorkvevis didi aqti~
1) 1917 wlis 12 marts sveticxovlis taZarSi Seikriba saqarTvelos samRvdeloebisa da eriskacTa warmomadgenle bi, rome lTac erT xmad daa dgin es
saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaluri
mmarTvelobis aRdgena.
rusuli eklesia amtkicebda, rom
aseTi qmedeba ara kanonikuri iyo da
qarTuli mxare unda dalodeboda ruseTis saeklesio krebis mowvevas, romelic gadawyvetda saqarTvelos eklesiis
sakiTxs. jer kidev 1906 wlidan qarTul
mxares miaCnda, rom ruseTis saeklesio
krebas ufleba ar hqonda ganexila masze
uf ro Zv eli T avi sTa va di ive ri is
(saqarTvelos) eklesiis sakiTxi. agreTve
miiCneoda, rom qarTuli eklesiis avtokefalia mospo ruseTis saero xelisufl ebam anu T viTdampyro blurma
saimperatoro karm a samxedro pirTa
waqezebiT. sinodma mxolod aRasrula
rus xelisufalTa neba. qarTveleb Si
icodnen, rom ruseTis momavali saeklesio kreba ar aRadgenda saqarTvelos
eklesiis avtokefalias, amasTanave arc
surdaT am ucxo eklesiis krebis aranairi
dadgenilebis aRsruleba, radganac es
avtokefaluri uflebebis kidev ufro SebRalvad miiCneoda.
mxolod TviTmpyrobeluri xelisufleba uSlida xels saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis aRdgenas, amitomac 1917 wlis TebervalSi rusi imperatoris taxtidan gadadgomis da revoluciis gziT saxelmwifos saTaveSi
188
jvari vaz isa, 1990, # 3, gv. 71.
demokratiuli mTavrobis mosvlisTanave,

romelmac gamoacxada sindisisa da sarw m un o e bi s T av i s uf l e ba , q ar T v el m a
mRvdelmTavrebma politikuri momenti
Sesaferisad miiCnies da avtokefaliis
aRdgena gamoacxades.
TviTmpyrobeloba arc rusul eklesias aZlevda saSualebas saeklesio krebis
mowvevisa, amitomac werda leonide Tavis
epistoleSi ruseTis patriarqs tixons:
`RvTaebriv gangebas eneba, raTa mocilebuliyo is, rac 1917 wlamdis abrkolebda
rusuli saeklesio krebis mowvevas da
ramac mospo qarTuli eklesiis avtokefalia. TviTmpyrobelurma mTavrobam adgili dauTmo saxalxo warmomadgenlobas. amgvari cvlilebis gamo, saqarTvelos episkoposebma, samRvdeloebisa da
eriskacTa warmomadgenlebma droulad
miiCnies Sekrebiliyvnen 1917 wlis 12
marts mcxeTis mociqulTa taZarSi da
erTxmaTa da erTsulovnebiT daedginaT:
amieridan saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaluri mmarTveloba aRdgenilad CaiTvalos da amis Sesaxeb ecnobos droebiT mTavrobas, romelmac Sescvala is
xelisufleba, romelmac 1811 wels mospo es mmarTveloba~. 188
gazeTi `saqarTvelo~ ase aRwerda
1917 wlis 12 marts mcxeTis Sekrebas:
àq iyvnen saqarTvelos mRvdelmTavrebi:
leonide, giorgi, antoni da pirosi,
Tfilisis mTeli qarTveli samRvdeloeba, deputatebi samRvdeloebisa: qarTlkaxeTisa, imereTisa da guria-odiSisa.
saqarTvelos sagubernio da samazro
marSlebi, qarTul sakulto dawesebule-
573
baTa warmomadgenlebi da Tavisi sur-
saqarTvelos eklesiis TavisuflebisaTvis
viliT mosuli xalxi. wirva mcxeTis taZarSi Seasrula episkoposma leonidem
mebrZolT: episkoposebs kirions, daviTs

da arqimandrit ambrosis, romlebic iyvnen
sxvebis TanadaxmarebiT. episkoposma leonidem warmoTqva sityva da gamoTqva

sixaruli, rom amieridan saqarTvelos
eklesia daiwyebs axal cxovrebas. avtokefalurs da Tavisufals. wirvis Sem-
dasjilni ruseTis sinodis mier. Semdeg

waikiTxes im dRes mcxeTaSi Sedgenili
oqmi, rom
a) am dRidan, e.i. 12 martidan, grZeldeba saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefalia;
deg taZris galavanSi iqna gadaxdili

samadlobeli paraklisi imis gamo, rom
b) droebiT, kaTalikosis arCevamde,

eklesiis gamged iniSneba guria-odiSis
ruseTSi daemxo Zveli sastiki wes-wyobileba da damyarda Tavisufleba. paraklisis Semdeg samRvdeloeba da xalxi
episkoposi leonide;
g) saqarTvelos eklesiis mmarTveloba
evaleba aRmasrulebel komitets, romel-
isev Sevida taZarSi, sadac moixsenies
Siac Sedian, rogorc sasuliero, ise
saqarTvelos ukanaskneli mefeni: erekle

II, giorgi XII da saqarTvelos TavisuflebisaTvis Tavdadebulni mamuliSvilni.
am asT ana ve uga lob es `mr ava lJa mie r~
saero pirebi~. 189

mcxeTis 12 martis Sekrebis mier miRebuli mTavari dokumenti (òqmi~) aseTia:
1917 wlis 12 martis mcxeTis krebis oqmi

`1917 welsa, martis 12 dResa, mcxeTis wmidaTa aTTormetTa mociqulTa sruliad saqarTvelos sakaTalikoso saydarSi, kvira dRes, SevikribeniT, ra, Cven, saqarTvelos eklesiis mwyemsmTavarni, samRvdeloebis krebuli da samwysoTa warmomadgenelni, SevasruleT wirva da savedrebeli paraklisi, gaviTvaliswineT ruseTis
saxelmwifoSi momxdarni ZiriTadni cvlilebani da axali mTavrobis dafuZneba da
misi sayovelTao sazogadod saxelmZRvanelo debulebani da gansakuTrebiT sindisisa da sarwmunoebis Tavisuflebis misgan aRsareba (muxli 3), miviReT ra mxedvelobaSi:
a) vinaidan saqarTvelos eklesia arsebobda damoukideblad, Tanaxmad msoflio
krebaTa kanonebisa, romlis mospoba anu gauqmeba ar eqvemdebareboda araviTar Zalas,
garda msoflio krebaTa da sruliad arakanonikurad SeaCeres misi avtokefaluri
marTva-gamgeoba;
b ) vinaidan ruseTis saxelmwifoSi dawesda axali saxelmwifo marTva-gamgeoba,
romelsac aRar Seesabameba saqarTvelos eklesiis uflebaaxdili yofna, misaTvis
aucileblad vscaniT erTxmad da erTsulovnad davadginoT:
189
gaz ., saqarTvelo, 1917, #59.
574
- saCqaroT gangrZobil iqmnes saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaluri marTvagamgeoba. xolo vidre srul kanonikur niadagze moxdebodes saqarTvelos eklesiis
kaTalikosis arCeva, droebiT dainiSnos kaTalikosis mosaydred episkoposi leonide da masTan dawesdes saqarTvelos eklesiis gansageblad, samRvdelo da saero
pirTagan Semdgari droebiTi aRmasrulebeli komiteti guria-samegrelos episkoposis leonides TavmjdomareobiT.
- vinaidan saqarTvelo gulwrfelad aRiarebs ruseTis axal mTavrobasTan srul
solidarobas Tavisi arsebobis qvakuTxedad, amisaTvis es dadgenileba moxsendes
ruseTis axali mTavrobis Tavmjdomares b. rozdiankos. ministrTa sabWos Tavmjdomares Tavad lvovs, sinodis ober-prokurors b. lvovs da ecnobos TfilisSi
kavkasiis komisariats~.
am oqms `xels aweren mRvdelmTavarni, samRvdeloni, warmomadgenelni qarTvel Tavadaznaurebisa, sxvadasxva sakulto
dawesebulebaTa, saqarTvelos qalaqTa da
mTlad damswre xalxi~. 190
1917 wlis mimdinare krebebi
2) 1917 wlis 16 marts TbilisSi

Sedga samRvdeloebis kreba, romelmac
daadgina, rom sionis taZarSi RvTismsaxureba yovelTv is Sesrulebuliyo
qarTul enaze, agreTve qarTul mrevlSi
RvTismsaxureba mxolod qarTulad aRsrulebuliyo, im mrevlSi, romlebSic
rusebi Sedian, darCes qarTulTan erTad rusuli ena.
iqamde, ramdenime dRiT adre, kerZod
13 marts episkoposma leonidem gadasca
saqarTvelos egzarqoss platons werilobiTi gancxadeba, rom is, platoni,
mcxeTaSi momxdari krebis dadgenilebiT
gadayenebulia egzarqosis adgilidan. mas
ara aqvs ufleba ataros qarTlis da
19 0
gaz., saqarTvelo, 1917, #59;
19 1
kaxeTis arqiepiskoposis wodeba da marTos qarTl-kaxeTis eparqiebi da samrevloebi, sasuliero saswavleblebi da

dawesebulebani saqarTvelos sakaTalikosos sazRvrebSi. erTmeva agreTve mas
is kreditebi, romelic unda gadaidos
sa qa rT ve lo s ek le si is S es an ax ad .
saqarTvelos eklesiis yoveli saqme da
mTeli qoneba platonma unda gadasces
mas, episkopos leonides, romelic daniSnulia am eklesiis droebiT gamged~. 191
eg zar qos Tan da qar Tul en asT an
dakavSirebiT gaica Semdegi instruqcia
mRvdelmTavarTa mimarT:
a) Sewyviton yovelive damokidebuleba
naegzarqosal platonTan, mis kancelariasTan, sasinodo kantorasTan da am
dawesebulebaTagan miRebul SekiTxvebze
Tu mimarTvaze pasuxi ar gascen.
b) Txovnebi da moxsenebani gaugzavnon kaTalikosis mosaydres, episkopos
leonides da saqarTvelos eklesiis droebiT mmarTvelobas. miwer-mowera unda
swarmoebdes qarTul enaze.
gaz. saqarTvelo, 1917, #62.
575
g) eklesiebSi moixsenion ara sinodi
da egzarqosi, aramed kaTalikosis mosaydre, episkoposi leonide da qarTveli mRvdelmTavrebi.
d) did kvereqsebze moixsenion igive
kaTalikosis mosaydre~. 192
19 marts xalxiT savse sionis taZarSi pirvelad qarTulad wira kaTalikosis Tanamosaydrem leonidem. man Tavis
sityvaSi xazi gausva qarTuli avtokefaliis aRdgenis udides mniSvnelobas
da damswre sazogadoebas Semdegi sityvebiT mimarTa: `qarTvelo ero, Cemo
sanatrelo samwyso! yurad viRoT ganTavisuflebuli eklesiis Zaxili, fici
da aRTqma davdoT qalma da kacma, rom
msxverplad SevewirebiT sayvarel samSoblos da sul mokle drois ganmavlobaSi eklesias gverdSi amouyenebT Tavisufal saqarTvelos~. 193
aRdgenam udidesi sixaruli gamoiwvia
MTels saqarTveloSi. am periodis TiTqmis yvela gazeTSi iwereboda werilebi,
romlebSic mrevlisa da samRvdeloebis
warmomadgelebi miesalmebodnen am istoriuli mniSvnelobis faqts: `vesalmebiT mkvdreTiT aRdgenils avtokefalias
da mis saukunoT damkvidrebas, mzad varT
mtlad davedoT sayvarel da kopwia iveriis eklesias da mis aRorZinebul avtokefalias~. `sixarulis cremlebi momgvara wamebuli saqarTvelos eklesiis
avtokefaliis aRdgenam~, _ werda mRvdeli s. kekeliZe. `mravalricxovani kreba
qarTvel nacional-demokratebisa aRfrTovanebiT da erTsulovnad egebeba avtokefalur saqarTvelos aRdgenil eklesias da gisurveben sasurvelad migeyvanoT bolomde dawyebuli saqme~, _ iwerebodnen foTidan. cnobili sasuliero
da sazogado moRvawe, ruseTs gadasax19 2
gaz . saqar Tvelo, 1917, #63;
19 3
iqv e, #67 ;
lebuli episkoposi kirioni vitebskidan

ase miesalma saqarTvelos eklesiis mesveurebs: `gilocavT avtokefalias, xundebi aexsna Cvens sruliad iveriis eklesias, radganac damonebuli iyo Cveni
erovnuli siwmide, mdabio erad iqca
qarTveli xalxi, tanjvis cremls Rvrida, axla ki sixarulis cremls vafrqvevT
Tavisufal eklesias~. 194
arqimandriti am brosi (xelaia),
romelic mefis xelisuflebam 1909 wels
riazanSi gadaasaxla, imJamad staraiarusadan Semdegs werda: `mravaltanjul
saqarTvelos vulocav sasixarulo ambavs misi eklesiis avtokefaliis aRdgenisas. gixaroden Senc mSobelo dedav, sakaTalikoso eklesiav, aRsdeg da
moavline Seni cxovelmyofeloba urwmunoebis gzaze dayenebul xalxis sakeTildReod, aRmobrwyindi Zveleburis
sispetakiT da siwmidiT~. 195
a) saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis aRdgenas uaryofiTad Sexvda adgilobrivi rusi samRvdeloeba, es aqti
maT TavisTvis miuReblad miiCnies da
axlad arCeul saeklesio mmarTvelobas
undobloba gamoucxades. 1917 wlis 27
marts Semdgarma rusi samRvdeloebisa
da mrevlis warmomadgenelTa krebam miiRo dadgenileba ecnobebina uwm. sinodisaTvis Semdegi: `saqarTvelos eklesiis
avtokefalobis gamocxadebas ukve Sesrulebul faqtad vaRiarebT, amasTan
erTad CvenTvis SeuZleblad migvaCnia
SevideT saqarTvelos sakaTalikosoSi da
amitom uwmides sinodsa vTxovT daaarsos amierkavkasiis saeqzarxoso, romelic xsenebul sinods unda emorCilebodes. am saeqzarxosoSi unda Sevidnen
yvela rusis mrevlebi, agreTve marTlmadidebelni sxva erovnebaTa, Tu ki isini
amas moisurveben~. 196
19 4
iqv e, #67 ;
19 5
iqv e, #67 ;
19 6
iq ve, # 71.
576
b) 1917 wlis maisSi TbilisSi Sedga

kavkasiaSi mosaxle rusebis saeklesio
kreba. qarTuli avtokefaluri eklesiis
mowinaaRmdegeni didi gulmodginebiT
kvlav ganagrZobdnen avtokefalistTa
winaaRmdeg RvarZlian ciliswamebas da
maT kvlav politikur separatizmSi debdnen brals. gansakuTrebiT aqtiurobdnen
naegzarqosali platoni, prof. vl. beneSeviCi da arqimandriti nikandri. platonma cnoba miiRo saqarTvelos avtokefaliis aRdgenaze, qarTvelebs rusi saldaTebis xiStebiT daemuqra. 196
g) 1917 wlis 14 ivliss uwmidesma
sinodma gamosca `droebiTi wesebi kavkasiaSi rusuli marTlmadidebeli eklesiis mowyobisaTvis~, romliTac dawesda
rusuli samitropolito kaTedra TbilisSi, rac aSkarad ewinaaRmdegeboda I
msoflio saeklesio krebis me-8 kanons:
`raTa ar iyvnen orni episkopozni erTsa
qalaqsa Sina~. 197
`rusi Sovinistebis mxardaWeriT afxazi samRvdeloebisa da inteligenciis
erTma mravalricxovanma nawilma uari
Tqva saqarTvelos eklesiis uzenaesobis
cnobaze da gadawyvita Seeqmna afxazeTis damoukidebeli eklesia. am mizniT
1917 w. 24-27 maiss maT moiwvies saekle si o kr eb a, r om el ma c ga mo ac xa da
`damoukidebeli, nacionaluri meTauris~
rezidenciad q. soxumi, magram sinamdvileSi 1919 wlis martamde, rogorc adre,
soxumis eparqias ruseTis episkoposi sergi
marTavda, amitomac zemoT aRniSnuli cru
krebis sapirispirod 1919 wlis 7 oqtombers mowveulma afxazeTis samRvdeloebam 350 kacis SemadgenlobiT daadgina: 1. avtonomiuri afxazeTis teritoriaze aRdgenili xdeba saqarTvelos
sakaTalikosos TviTmdgomi eparqia sox19 7
g. rogava, dasax. naSr., gv. 14 3;
19 8
um-afxazeTis saxelwodebiT~. am eparqias

Semdgom saTaveSi Caudga Wyondideli mitropoliti ambrosi xelaia. 198
3) 1 9 1 7 w l i s 29 m a r t s S e d g a
saqarTvelos eklesiis mmarTvelobis
kreba, romelmac ganixila is gadawyvetileba, romelic miiRo ruseTis droebiTma mTavrobam saqarTvelos eklesiis
avtokefaliis Sesaxeb.
1 91 7 wl is 17 m ar ts dr oe bi Tm a
mTavrobam saqarTvelos eklesiis mmarTvelobas gamougzavna Tavisi dadgenileba
mcxeTis 13 martis aqtTan dakavSirebiT,
romelSic naTqvami iyo: `mieces saqarTvelos eklesias avtokefalia ara teritorialuri, aramed erovnuli niSnis
mixedviT. marTlmadidebeli rusebis da
araqarTveli marTlmadideblebis eklesiebi darCnen ruseTis sinodis gamgeobis
qveS. saqarTvelos eklesiam gamoarkvios
Tavis uflebrivi mdgomareoba da warudginos dasamtkiceblad droebiT mTavrobas.
manamde rCebian ucvlelad saegzarqosoSi arsebuli dawesebulebani. saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis aRiareba sabolood ekuTvnis ruseTis damfuZnebel
krebas~. 19 9
rus eTis saxe lmwif o mma rTve lTa
gadawyvetilebam saqarTvelos eklesiis
avtokefalobis aRiarebis Sesaxeb erTi
mxriv gaaxara qarTuli mxare, meore
mxriv ki aRaSfoTa, rac gamoixata 1917
w. 28 martis protestiT: `saqarTvelos
eklesiis cnobas nacionalur eklesiad
da ara teritorialur avtokefaliad
istoriaSi precedenti ar aqvs da savsebiT ewinaaRmdegeba marTlmadideblebisaTvis savaldebulo eklesiis yvela kanons. saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefalia
unda iyos cnobili teritoriul safu-
iqve , gv. 156;
19 9
gaz . saqar Tvelo, 1917, #63.
Zvlebze Zveli drois qarTul sakaTalikozo sazRvrebSi~. 200
saqme is iyo, rom droebiTma mTavrobam saqarTvelos eklesiis sakiTxi àrakanonikurad gadaWra, vinaidan saqarTvelos avtokefalur eklesias miakuTvna
erovnuli qarTuli xasiaTi da ar SezRuda igi gansazRvruli teritoriiT, rogorc amas kanonebi aweseben. imave kanonTa sawinaaRmdegod man `yvela marTlmadidebeli samrevloebi rusulni da
sxva araqarTulni marTlmadidebeli
rusuli eklesiis uwyebaSi datova. sakiTxis amgvari Setrialeba saqarTvelos
eklesiis droebiTma mmarTvelobam cno arakanonikurad~. 20 0
29 martis krebam daadgina: `saqarTvelos eklesiis erovnuli avtokefalia
ewinaaRmdegeba saeklesio kanonebs. Tu
aseTi avtokefalia mieca saqarTvelos
eklesias, xSirad eqneba adgili rusqarTvelTa interesebis dapirispirebas,
rom agvSordes Tavidan es safrTxe,
saqarTvelos eklesias unda mieces avto kefa lia te rito ria lur i. r use bs
eyolebaT avtonomiuri episkoposi, romelic saeklesio kanonis ZaliT daemorCileba
saqarTvelos kaTalikoss~. 201
577
dis winaSe, daarsdes amierkavkasiis saegzarqoso, uwmidesi sinodisadmi daqvemdebarebuli, romlis SemadgenlobaSi unda
i yv ne n yv el a r us ul i s am re vl oe bi ,
agreTve sxva erovnebaTa marTlmadideblebic, Tu isini amas moisurveben~. 202
ruseTis droebiTma mTavrobam amierkavkasiaSi mcxovrebi rusebis saeklesio interesebis dasacavad da agreTve
saqarTvelos eklesiis saqmeebis mosawyobad TbilisSi gamogzavna peterburgis
universitetis profesori beneSeviCi. igi
ramdenime Tve cxovrobda TbilisSi. misi
TanamonawileobiT saqarTvelos eklesiis
xelmZRvanelebma SeimuSaves `ZiriTadi debulebani saqarTvelos eklesiis uflebrivi
mdgomareobisa ruseTis saxelmwifoSi~,
romelic profesorma gaugzavna droebiT
mTavrobas dasamtkiceblad. amasTanave
1917 wlis ivnisSi qarTuli eklesiis specialuri delegaciac gaemgzavra peterburgSi am debulebaTa dasamtkiceblad.
5) 1917 wlis maisSi Sedga `kavkasiaSi mosaxle rusebis saeklesio kreba~. 203
vostorgovis yofili Tanamoazreni ver
eguebian saqarTvelos eklesiis teritoriuli mowyobis princips.
4) iqamde, 1917 wlis 27 marts Tbilisis rusma samRvdeloebam moiwvia kreba.

dekanoz vostorgovis yofili TanamoRvaweni axla Semokrebilni iyvnen yofil
egzarqos arqiepiskopos platonTan `qalaq
Tbilisis samRvdeloebisa da eriskacTa
komitetis saxeliT~. am komitetma aRniSnul dRes daadgina: ècnobos uwmides
sinods Semdegi: radganac saqarTvelos
eklesiis avtokefaliis gamocxadeba Sesrulebuli faqtia, xolo CvenTvis SeuZlebelia saqarTvelos sakaTalikozoSi
Sesvla, vSuamdgomlobT uwmidesi sino-
ruseTis saxelmwifoSi
saqarTvelos eklesiis uflebrivi
mdgomareobis proeqti
6) ruseTis mTavrobam 1917 wlis 25

ivliss, ministr-Tavmjdomare a. kerenskisa da uwmidesi sinodis oberprokuroris a. kartaSevis xelis moweriT daamtkica `ruseTis saxelmwifoSi saqarTvelos eklesiis uflebrivi mdgomareobis
proeqti~, 204 romelic Camoyalibda debulebis saxiT, romelic aseTia:
jvari vaz isa, 19 90, #3, gv. 7 1; 201 gaz . saqar Tvelo, 1917, #7 2; 202 jvari vazisa, #3, 1990, gv.
72; 203 iqv e, gv. 7; 204 , 14 0, (186 ), 1917 wlis 26 agvisto.
200
578
ZiriTadi debulebani saqarTvelos eklesiis uflebrivi

mdgomareobisa ruseTis saxelmwifoSi:
a) saqarTvelos eklesias qarTvelTa modgmis marTlmadidebluri mosaxleoba Seadgens, rogorc Zvel saqarTvelos sakaTalikosos sazRvrebSi, ise mis gareSe myofi.
SeniSvna: afxazeTisa da amierkavkasiis osebis mrevlebs, romelTac qarTvelebTan erTad
ganuyofelis saeklesio istoriulis cxovrebiT ucxovriaT, SeuZliaT, Tu moisurveben saqarTvelos eklesiis SemadgenlobaSi Semovidnen.
b) erTsa da imave saxelmwifoSi erTad cxovrebis gamo, saqarTvelos eklesiis
mRvdelmsaxurni movaleni arian daakmayofilon sarwmunoebrivi moTxovnilebani
sxva, araqarTvel marTlmadidebel erovnebaTa warmomadgenlebisa, romelnic saWiroebis dros mimarTaven maT, agreTve am erovnebaTa mRvdelmsaxurnic movaleni arian
qarTvelTa sarwmunoebrivi moTxovnilebani daakmayofilon. magram es SemTxvevani arc erT eklesias sabuTs ar aZlevs Tavis wevrebad CaTvalos is pirni,
romelnic mimarTaven mas saWiroebis gamo.
SeniSvna: amgvar SemTxvevaSi mommarTvelT ufleba ara aqvT moiTxovon, rom maT sarwmunoebriv moTxovnilebaTa dakmayofileba maT mSobliur enaze sruldebodes.
g) saqarTvelos eklesia ganiyofeba eparqiebad da ukanasknelni samrevloebad.
rogorc pirvelT, ise meoreTa raodenoba sagangebod damtkicebuli siiT ganisazRvreboda. amasTanave maTi raodenoba SeiZleba gadidebul iqnes, roca amas
moiTxovs an mosaxleobis zrdamomateba, an sivrce, an mimosvlis siZnele.
d) saqarTvelos eklesias saWeTmpyroblobs `mcxeTisa da Tfilisis mTavarepiskoposi, kaTalikos-patriarqi sruliad saqarTvelo A sa~, romelsac moqalaqeobrivad
srulwlovanni wevrni eklesiisani pirdapiris, Tanasworis, sayovelTao da farulis
xmis micemiT irCeven.
e) kaTalikos-patriarqi aRirCevis rogorc sasuliero pirTagan, ise maRali
xarisxisaTvis Sesafer TvisebebiT Semkul eriskacTagan, xolo arCevis Semdeg, vidre
ekurTxebodes, igi waredginebis dasamtkiceblad umaRles saxelmwifo mTavrobas.
v) kaTalikos-patriarqs da masTan erTad mis meTaurobiT momqmed saqarTvelos
eklesiis krebas ekuTvnis mTeli savseba saeklesio xelmwifebisa, romelic gamoixateba saeklesio kanonmdeblobiTsa, saadministracio sasamarTlosa, saeklesio RvTismsaxurebiTsa da sarwmunoebriv-zneobrivis xasiaTis funqciebSi da romelsac igi
ganaxorcielebs saeklesio mmarTvelobis saTanado organizaciebis daxmarebiT.
z) kaTalikos-patriarqi cxovrobs TfilisSi da saeklesio saqmeTa gamo miwer-mowera da urTierToba aqvs yvela avtokefalur eklesiasTan da agreTve umaRles
dawesebulebebTan saxelmwifoSi.
T) msoflio eklesiis mier Sewynarebul kanonTa, saqarTvelos eklesiis krebaTa dadgenilebebisa da agreTve kaTalikos-patriarqisa da masTan arsebul sakaTa-
579
likoso sabWos gankargulebaTa Tanaxmad, saqarTvelos eklesia imuSavebs saeklesio cxovrebisa da marTva gamgeobis sakuTar wessa, romelic saxelmwifoebriv
kanonmdeblobas ar unda ewinaaRmdegebodes.
i) saqarTvelos marTlmadideblobiTs eklesias iseTive iuridiuli mdgomareoba aqvs saxelmwifoSi, rogorc ruseTis marTlmadideblobiTs eklesias.
k) saqarTvelos sakaTalikosos saeklesio dawesebulebani, umaRlesi ierarqia,
sakaTedro, samrevlo da samonastro samRvdeloeba, vidre sazogadod gadawydebodes saeklesio sakiTxi ruseTSi, iReben sarCos yvela saSualebaTagan, romelnic
aqamomde saqarTvelos yofil saegzarqosos Sesanaxavad eZleodnen, im nawilis
kvalobaze, romelic yofil saegzarqososagan sakaTalikosoSia Semosuli.
SeniSvna: xazinaSi gadasul saeklesio qonebisaTvis saqarTvelos eklesia dakmayofilebul
unda iyos im saxiT, romelic SemuSavebul iqneba mis da saxelmwifo mTavrobas Soris saurTierTo SeTanxmebiT.
l) xarjTaRricxvis Sedgena da misi saxelmwifo dawesebulebaSi wardgena saqmea
saqarTvelos eklesiis Tavisa, romlis pirdapir gankargulebaSi gadmoecemis yvela
krediti.
m) saqarTvelos eklesia iuridiuli piria saxelmwifoSi da viTarca aseTs, mas
ufleba aqvs moZrav-uZrav qonebaTa SeZenisa da ganTavisebisa. kanonis mier gansazRvrulis wesisamebr, maTis flobisa, gankargulebebisa da sargeblobisa.
SeniSvna: saqarTvelos yofili saegzarqoso dawesebulebani da qoneba gadadis sakuTrebad
saqarTvelos eklesiis xelSi im nawilis garda, romelic araqarTul samrevloebs exeba.
n) saqarTvelos eklesiis sasuliero saswavleblebs mTavrobis saswavlebelTa
uflebani aqvT imdenadve, ramdenadac aseve uflebani ekuTvnis ruseTis eklesiis
sasuliero saswavleblebs.
o) Sinagani sakancelario warmoeba saqmisa saqarTvelos sakaTalikosos yvela dawesebulebaSi, agreTve swavlebac mis sasuliero saswavleblebSi, qarTulad warmoebs.
mimateba `ZiriTad debulebaTa~ $1-sa: `saqarTvelos eklesia TvisTvis SeuZleblad Tvlis angariSi ar gauwios droebiTi mTavrobis gadawyvetilebas, romelmac
saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaluri uflebebi aRdgenilad cno erovnul safuZvelze. ris winaaRmdegac saqarTvelos eklesiis mmarTvelobisagan am wlis 29 marts
ukve gaigzavna depeSiT protesti: igi iZulebulia dauTmos am gadawyvetilebas,
magram Tavis mxriv araviTar pasuxismgeblobas ar kisrulobs istoriisa da msoflio eklesiis msjavris winaSe am antikanonikur principis SemotanisaTvis, romelic
SeerTebulia mraval praqtikuli xasiaTis uxerxulobasTan da Tanac sanqcias aZlevs
marTlmadideblobiTi eklesiis mier uaryofil filetizms~. 20 5
205
gaz eTi `s axalxo furcel i~, #851, 1917 w.
580
ruseTis saxelmwifoSi qarTuli marTlmadidebeli

eklesiis mdgomareobis droebiTi wesebi:
I. dadgindes droebiTi wesebi ruseTis saxelmwifoSi qarTuli eklesiis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb. Tan erTvis.
II. daevalos gansakuTrebul komisias, romlis Semadgenlobas droebiTi mTavroba
gansazRvravs, daamuSaos sakiTxi saqarTvelos saegzarqosodan qvemdebare saeklesio dawesebulebebis gamoyofisa da saqarTvelos kaTalikosatis gamgeblobaSi
gadacemisa; amasTanave sakiTxi - marTlmadidebeli qarTveli eklesiis xarjebisaTvis saxelmwifo xazinidan ra sididiT da ris safuZvelze gaices kreditebi.
xolo komisiis daskvna gansaxilvelad waredginos droebiT mTavrobas.
III. am dadgenilebis Sesabamisad qarTuli eklesiis mowyobamde da sarwmunoebis saministros daarsebamde, uwmidesi mmarTveli sinodis oberprokurors qarTuli
eklesiis mimarT SeunarCundes is uflebebi, romlebic ekuTvnoda saqarTvelos
saegzarqosos mimarT. 1917 w. 25 ivlisi~.
xels aweren: ministr-Tavmjdomare _ a. kerenski,
uwmidesi sinodis oberprokurori _ a. kartaSevi.
ruseTis saxelmwifoSi qarTuli marTlmadidebeli

eklesiis mdgomareobis wesebi:
1. qarTuli eklesiis SemadgenlobaSi Sedis yvela marTlmadidebeli qarTuli
modgmis mcxovrebi ruseTis mTel saxelmwifoSi.
2. afxazeTisa da amierkavkasiis mrevlebs SeuZliaT maTi survilisamebr Sevidnen qarTuli eklesiis SemadgenlobaSi.
3. qarTuli eklesiis mRvdelmsaxurebs SeuZliaT aRasrulon im marTlmadidebelTa religiuri moTxovnilebani, romlebic saamisod maT mimarTaven da ar arian
erovnebiT qarTvelni, iseve, rogorc yvela marTlmadidebel mRvdels SeuZlia
aRasrulos qarTvelTa moTxovnilebani.
4. qarTuli eklesia iyofa eparqiebad, xolo eparqiebi mrevlebad; erTisa da
meoris raodenoba ganisazRvreba mTavrobis mier damtkicebuli gansakuTrebuli
ganrigebiT.
5. qarTuli eklesiis saWeTmpyrobelia mcxeTis mTavarepiskoposi, yovelTa
qarTvelTa kaTalikos-patriarqi, romelsac irCeven qarTuli eklesiis wesebis
mixedviT.
581
6. kaTalikos-patriarqis arCeva unda daamtkicos umaRlesma saxelmwifo xelisuflebam, vidre mas am wodebas mianiWebdnen.
7. kaTalikos-patriarqs qarTuli eklesiis krebasTan erTad, romelsac TviTon
udgas saTaveSi, xelT upyria mTeli saeklesio Zalaufleba da mas saeklesio mmarTvelobis organoebis daxmarebiTa da kanonebis Sesabamisad aRasrulebs.
8. kaTalikos-patriarqis adgilsamyofelia q. Tbilisi.
9. saeklesio saqmeebze kaTalikos-patriarqi yvela avtokefalur eklesias,
romlebic ruseTis saxelmwifos sazRvrebs gareTaa, ukavSirdeba sagareo saqmeTa
saministros meSveobiT.
10. qarTuli kaTalikosatis saeklesio dawesebulebani, umaRlesi ierarqia,
sakaTedro, samrevlo da samonastro samRvdeloeba jamagirs Rebuloben saxelmwifo xazinis saxsrebidan, amasTan saWiro Tanxebi gadaicema kaTalikos-patriarqis gankargulebaSi imis safuZvelze da im raodenobiT, rasac kanoni gansazRvravs.
11. qarTuli eklesiis dawesebulebani saerTo samoqalaqo kanonebis dadgenil
safuZvelze sargebloben iuridiul pirTa uflebiT.
12. qarTuli eklesiis sasuliero-samrevlo dawesebulebebs SeiZleba mieceT
saxelmwifo saswavlo dawesebulebaTa ufleba.
13. qarTuli kaTalikosatis yvela dawesebulebis Sinasakancelario saqmis marTva da swavleba sasuliero-saswavlo dawesebulebebSi qarTul enazea.
14. qarTuli eklesia qorwinebis saqmeTa aRsrulebisa da samoqalaqo mdgomareobis aqtebis Sedgenisas sargeblobs saerTo kanoniT~.
xels awers uwmidesi sinodis oberprokurori _ a. kartaSevi.
1917 wlis 25 ivlisi, 206 1917 wlis 26 agvisto (8 seqtemberi).
Tbilelis kaTedris aRdgena
7) 1917 wlis zafxulSi ruseTSi

moxda saeklesio mmarTvelobis udidesi
cvlileba, gauqmebuli iqna ùwmidesi
sinodis~ mmarTveloba da aRsdga patriarqobis instituti. aseTi cvlilebisaTvis
saWiro iyo ruseTis saeklesio krebis
mowveva. 1917 wlis ivnisSi, monarqiis
damxobis Semdeg, moskovSi muSaoba daiwyo sruliad ruseTis sasulieroTa da
eriskacTa I-ma yrilobam. es iyo prolo-
gi saeklesio krebisa. ruseTis adgilobrivi saeklesio kreba gaixsna 1917 wlis

15 agvistos (RvTismSoblis miZinebis
dRes) moskovis kremlis miZinebis taZarSi. 28 oqtombers (10 noembers) krebam miiRo istoriuli gadawyvetileba sapatriarqos aRdgenis Sesaxeb. 5 (18) noembers moskovsa da sruliad ruseTis patriarqad airCies mitropoliti tixoni
(belavini, 1865-1925). misi intronizacia Sedga 21 noembers (4 dekembers).
k re b is ga n s az R vr e bi s T a na x m ad ig i
, 14 0 (186 ); mitr opoliti kalis trate, `mware mogone bani

saqarTvelos eklesiis axlo warsul idan~, 1927
206
582
mmarTvelobas Seudga wmida sinodTan da
genilebebis Sesabamisad, romelic ar
umaRles saeklesio sabWosTan erTad.

ruseTis saeklesio kreba ar iyo kar-
aZlevs uflebas erT eklesias (eparqias)

CaerTos meore eklesiis saqmeSi, miT
gad ganwyobili saqarTvelos eklesiis

av toke fal iis aRd geni s mimar T.
Tbilisidan da saqarTvelodan Sovinisturi suliskveTebiT gaJRenTili rusi
samRvdeloeba da eriskacebi moskovis kre-
umetes, ganixilos igi Tavis nawilad.

qarTuli eklesiis delegacia ar daeswro
r u s e T is s a e k l e s io k r e b a s , m a g r a m
saqarTvelos eklesia depeSiT (1917 w.
19 agvisto) miesalma krebis gaxsnas da
bas awvdidnen gamaRizianebel cnobebs.

yvelaze gamoCenil mRvdelmTavrebs
gadasca `Zmuri, qristesmieri salami,

survili nayofieri muSaobisa~. 207
ruseTis eklesiisa (magaliTad, mitropolit sergis, romelic 1917 w. ambobda: `rusul eklesiur Segnebas arasodes
sabolood, qarTuli mxaris armonawileoba ruseTis saeklesio krebis mier

miCneul iqna, rogorc saqarTvelos sur-
eucxoeboda azri, raTa saqarTvelos ek-
vili darCeniliyo `ruseTis eklesiasTan
lesias dabruneboda misi winandeli wyobileba~ da surda, raTa qarTvel xalxs

àxal pirobebSi epovna wyaro axali
Ronisa Tavisi sulieri ganviTarebisaTvis
yovelive erTobis gareSe~. qarTuli

mxare Semdgom acxadebda, rom `Cven am
krebaze aravis davuZaxnivarT Zmurad,
rogorc daZaxil iyvnen konstantinopo-
da qristes WeSmaritebis dRedaRam dacvisaTvis~) nebavdaT, rom qarTul mxares

eklesiuri avtokefaliisaTvis mieRwia
rusul eklesiasTan `kanonikuri mimarTe-
lis, elladis, serbiisa da sxva eklesiaTa warmomadgenlebi~. e.i. qarTuli

mxare moiTxovda igi miewviaT, rogorc
ukve avtokefaluri eklesia da ar ganx-
biT~, kerZod, rusul mxares kanonikuri

gziT, saeklesio krebis meSveobiT mieniWebina anda ar mieniWebina qarTvelebisaTvis saeklesio avtokefalia, amito-
iluliyo misi avtokefaliis sakiTxi.

am megobruli, urTierTTavaziani misalmebebis ukan mimdinareobda gacxarebuli omi. 1917 wlis gazafxulze Tbili-
mac moiTxovdnen ruseTis saeklesio krebaze am sakiTxis gatanas, masSi qarTveli deputaciis monawileobas. rusuli
saeklesio krebis mowvevis dros qarTul
eklesias ukve avtokefalia hqonda gamocx-
sis rusi samRvdeloebis xelmZRvanelobiT Camoyalibda àmierkavkasiis erovnuli sabWo~, romelic 1917-1921 wlebSi
`moqmedebda rogorc mexuTe kolona,
romelic didi SemarTebiT ibrZoda qarTu-
adebuli da ar surda, rom qarTuli

eklesiis sakiTxi ganexila rusul krebas, radganac icoda, rom kreba mas av-
li erovnuli moZraobis, qarTuli saxelmwifoebriobis winaaRmdeg. saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis dace-
tokefalias ar mianiWebda. samarTlebrivi

mxriT qarTul mxares miaCnda, rom ruseTis eklesias ar hqonda ufleba ganexila uZvelesi qarTuli avtokefaluri
maSi lomis wili swored amierkavkasiis

rusTa erovnul sabWos miuZRvis~. 208
Tbilisis (da saqarTvelos) rusi samRvdeloebis mier organizebuli rusTa
eklesiis sakiTxi msoflio krebebis dad-
`komitetebi~ da `sabWoebi~ did Zalas
- , 99, 1917; 208 vaxtang guruli, saqarTvelos

saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobis aRdgena da ruseTis mexuTe kolona (1917-1921), Tbilisi, 1998, gv. 4.
207
583
warmoadgenda, romelsac Seswevda un-
brivad unda ayroda ufleba qarTlisa
ari ebrZola TviT saqarTvelos saxelmwifos winaaRmdegac ki, miT umetes qarTuli avtokefaluri eklesiis winaaRmdeg,
magram sabednierod qarTul eklesias im
dros marTavda mxne, SorsmWvreteli da
d a k a xe T i s m T a v ar e p i s k o p o zi s a d a
saqarTvelos egzarqosad darCeniliyo,
Zmuri salamis magier, rusis saldaTebis xiStebiT dagvemuqra. uwmidesma sinodma ki daayovna damdgariyo e.w. bul-
m tk i c e p o li t i ko s i l e on i d e, s xv a
mRvdelmTavrebTan erTad, romelmac warmatebiT, brZnuli politikuri gadawyvetilebebiT SeZlo moegeriebina rusTa
gareli sqizmis Tvalsazrisze~. 210

sazogadoebriv Zalauflebas socialisturi partiebi flobdnen. qarTveli
`revolucionerebi~ ara Tu uTanagrZnobd-
Semotevebi. magaliTad, roca 1917 wlis

14 ivliss ruseTis uwmidesma sinodma
gamosca `droebiTi wesebi kavkasiaSi
rusuli marTlmadidebeli eklesiis mowyobisaTvis~, 209 TbilisSi rusuli samitropolito kaTedris dawesebiT~, yovladsamRvdelo leonidem maSinve upasuxa am
veragul ganzraxvas Tbilelis saepiskopo kaTedris aRdgeniT.
rusul mxares miaCnda, rom TbilisSi `kavkasiis egzarqosis~ rusuli samitropolito kaTedris daarseba TavisTavad Caklavda mcxeTis sakaTalikosos fi-
nen im droisaTvis ukve gamocxadebul

avt okefa lia s, a ra me d m ia Cn ia T ro m
`ruseTis erTianobisaTvis~ anu èdinaia nedelimaia~ mTliani - ganuyofeli
ruseTisaTvis qarTuli avtokefalia saxifaTo gaxda. ruseTis mTavrobac Tavs
aridebda - àlmacerad epyroboda~ avtokefaliis sakiTxs (leonides sityviT,
`kerenskim Cveni saeklesio delegacia
ar miiRo~). sazogadod ki, `revoluciur~ duRilSi CarTul qarTvelebs eTaki l eb o d a T k i d e c g a m o s ar C l e b od n e n
`klerikalebis~ pretenziebs. 211
nansur da sulier Zalmosilebas, radganac rusTa mier Tbilisis eklesiebis

xelSi CagdebiT qarTuli eklesia finansurad gakotrdeboda, sulierad ki dauZlurdeboda.
ar unda daviviwyoT, rom am dros
saqarTvelo kvlav ruseTis saxelmwifos
rusma samRvdeloebam da monazvnebma

Tavis xelSi aiRes zogierTi qarTuli
taZari da ar anebebdnen mis gadasvlas
qarTuli sakaTalikosos iurisdiqciaSi
(am dros qarTul mxares exmareboda
er ov nu l-d em okr at iu li pa rti a, m is
wevrebs xels uSlidnen, tuqsavdnen so-
SemadgenlobaSi imyofeboda, saqarTvelos

damoukidebloba TiTqmis erTi wlis Semdeg 1918 wlis 26 maiss gamocxadda.
rus samRvdeloebasa da jer kidev TbilisSi mjdom egzarqoss didi Zala hqonda. leonide mis Sesaxeb werda - ùwmidesi sinodis wevrma mTavarepiskoposma platonma Cvengan cnoba miiRo saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefalur uflebaTa
aRdgenis Taobaze, ris Semdeg mas bune-
cial-demokratebi).
aseT viTarebaSi leonidem aRadgina
Tbileli mitropolitis kaTedra, amiT
ki rusul mxares saSualeba moespo TbilisSi daearsebinaT rusuli samitropolito kaTedra. `1917 wlis 15 agvistos sionis taZarSi wirvis Semdeg episkoposi leonide dadga ambionze, xolo
mTavardiakonma kaTedridan Semdegi aqti
gamoacxada: `ganbWobiTa da gamowvlilvi-
209
, 1 917, 3 0;
210
jvari vaz isa, 19 90, #3, gv. 7 2;
211
iq ve, Se niSvna 8.
584
Ta saq arTvelos e klesiis dr oebiTi
mmar Tvelob isa da samRvd elo A Ta da
sae roTa dasT a Tb ilis is da sxv aTa
saqarTvelos qalaqTaATa Tavdadgmul iqmna uZvelesi saydari Tbileli mitropolitTa~, romelic erTi saukune ganicdida qvrivobasa, xolo saydarsa amas
zeda STagonebiTa sulisa wmidisa da
SemokrebulTa erTsulovan da TanxmobiT i aR r Ce v iT a a Ri yv a ne bi s s r ul ia d
saqarTvelos eklesiis kaTalikos-patriarqis mosaydre episkoposi guria-odiSisa yovlad usamRvdlesi leonide, viTarca misTvis da vTqvaT aqsiosi~. 212
ramdenime dRis Semdeg, 23 agvistos,
mitropolitma leonidem daikava is bina,
romelic eWiraT saqarTvelos egzarqosebs,
viTarca qarTvelTa kuTvnileba.
àmis gamo saqarTvelos naegzarqosalma platonma 25 agvistos moskovis saeklesio krebaze ganacxada, rom
saqarTvelo CamoSorda marTlmadideblobas da gamoacxada avtokefalia. mas,
platons, TbilisSi boikoti gamoucxades da rusi berebi Seawuxes. axla man
de p e Sa mi i R o , r o m 2 3 a g vi sto s
qarTvelebma leonides meTaurobiT (saxalxo) miliciis monawileobiT daikaves
egzarqosis saxli, dabeWdes eklesia,
moiTxoves karebis gasaRebi da daatusaRes ramdenime sasuliero piri. es
ukve euwya prokurors da mTavrobis
sx va p ir eb s. a mis S em de g dr oe bi Ti
mTavrobis warmomadgenelma ganacxada,
rom saWiroa Sesdges SemaTanxmebeli komisia, romelic moawesrigebs qarTvelebis
da rusebis eklesiebis saqmeso~. 213
qarTul da rusul eklesiaTa urTierToba daiZaba, saWiro iyo kanonikuri
safuZveli, raTa eklesiis avtokefalia
ufro ganmtkicebuliyo, amitom gadawyda
saqarTvelos saeklesio krebis mowveva.
212
gaz ., `sax alxo saqme~, 1917, # 27. 213 iqv e, #38;
8) 1917 wlis 3 agvistos Sedga eklesiis mmarTvelobis sxdoma, romelmac

gadawyvita moewvia saqarTvelos saeklesio krebis winaswari TaTbiri, romelic
Sedga kidec imave wlis 12 agvistos qalTa saeparqio saswavleblis SenobaSi.
daeswrnen eparqiebis aRmasrulebeli komitetebis wevrebi da saeklesio dawesebulebaTa warmomadgenlebi, sul 60-mde
delegati. TaTbirma ganixila is sakiTxebi, romlebic unda garCeuliyo saeklesio
krebaze. imave wlis agvistos damlevs da
seqtembris dasawyisSi mTel saqarTveloSi airCies saeklesio krebis delegatebi
sayovelTao, pirdapiri, Tanaswori da faruli xmis micemiT. TiToeuli saeklesio
olqi irCevda oTx delegats. erT mRvdels,
erT diakons an medaviTnes da or eriskacs. Savi samRvdeloeba Tavis delegatebs
calke irCevda. amis garda saeklesio krebis wevrebad iTvlebodnen yvela qarTveli episkoposi da qarTuli monastrebis
winamZRvrebi. 214
saqarTvelos eklesiis I kreba
9) saqarTvelos eklesiis I kreba (avtokefaliis aRdgenis Semdeg) 1917 wlis

8-17 seqtemberi.
krebis sagani iyo eklesiis marTvagamgeobis debulebaTa SemuSaveba da kaTalikoz-patriarqis arCeva.
a) 8 seqtembers arCeuli delegatebi,
ricxviT 600-mde, Seikribnen Tbilisis sionis taZarSi. wires mitropolitma leonide oqropiriZem, episkoposebma: pirosi
oqropiriZem, antoni giorgaZem, giorgi aladaSvilma arqimandritebTan da samRvdeloebasTan erTad. wirvis Semdeg leonidem waikiTxa gujari avtokefaliis Sesaxeb.
214
iqv e, #38, #25, `saqarTvelo~, 1917, #200.
585
`Zegliswera wmidisa da RvTivganbrZnobilisa krebisa,

romeli Semoikriba qalaqsa Tfiliss 1917 welsa,
seqtembris mervesa dResa~
`Semokrebilni sulisa mier wmidisa da Sedgomilni moZRvrebasa uflisa
Cvenisa da macxovrisa iesu qriste Q ssa, wmidaTa misTa mociqulTa da mowafeTa, RirsTa RmerTSemosilTa mamaTa, wmidaTa da RvTivganbrZnobilTa msoflioTa da adgilobiTTa krebaTa, vRaRadebT da vityviT `gvrwams erTi RmerTi
(mrwamsi sruliad) ~, xolo iqmna Sekreba Cveni ara Tu biwisaTvis ra Q same
qarTvelTa sarwmunoebisa, nu iyofin ese, ara gecruvnen Sen siwmidiT mSobelo
Cveno kaTolike eklesiao, arca gangceT Sen siqaduli Cveno marTlmadideblobao, romlisa arca ganmcemelqmnil varT, aramed sxvaTa saeklesioTa ZiebaTaTvis: dasawyissa meaTcxrametisa saukunisasa dayenebul iqmna TviT Tavoba
eklesiisa Cvenisa, waritaces Cvengan mama makurTxeveli (e.i. kaTalikosi) da
dagvamorCiles Cven saydarsa ucxosa. amis gamo Seirya trapezi Cveni da
mooxrdnen savaneni Cveni... garna ara mokvda erTi qarTveli, romeli ficiTa
warTqvamda: ùkueTu dagiviwyo Sen, sion, daviwyebul iyavn marjvena Cemi~ ,
mravalTa RirsTa mwyemsTa da mwyemsmTavarTa suli dasdves zrunvasa Sina da
vaebasa aRSenebisa da keTilwarmatebisaTvis eklesiisa Cvenisa, mravalni moaqamomde iRwvian, viTarca mwyemsni keTilni, da aha, aRmobrwyinda `dRe, romeli
qmna ufalman, vixarebdeT da viSvebdeT mas Sina, aRmobrwyinda dRe aRdgomisa
Cvenisa da Cven viqmeniT Tvisad eklesiisa Cvenisa. SemovkrbiT dRes, raTa
ganvamtkicoT gvami eklesiisa Cvenisa, STavberoT mas Sina suli cxoveli,
SemovzRudoT igi moZRvarTa marTlisa sarwmunoebisa Q Ta da SevmosoT igi
kvarTisa jerovanisa marTva-gamgeobisa Q Ta. ese ars zrunva Cveni. ese ars saqme
Cveni, romelsa Sina wargvimarTos Cven sulman RmrTisaman meoxebiTa wmidaTa
da RmerTSemosilTa mamaTa da moRvaweTa iveriis eklesiaTa~.
ugalobes mravalJamieri qarTvel ers,
mitropolit leonides, mRvdelmTavrebs,
iq myofebs, moixsenies eklesiis TavisuflebisaTvis Tavganwiruli dosiTeoz quTaTeli da eqvTime gelaTeli, mefeebi,
kaTalikozebi, samRvdeloni, 21 5 TavisuflebisaTvis mebrZolni. delegatebs miuRiaT fici da leonides gamoucxadebia
leblis SenobaSi. airCies samandato

komisia delegatebis mandatebis Sesabamisad. ganixiles sxva organizaciuli
sakiTxebi.
g) 9 seqtemberi, dRis sxdoma gaixsna sionis taZarSi 10 saaTze. wesdebis
Se saba misa d k reba s Ta vmj doma reob da
leonide. krebis erTma nawilma moiTxo-
kreba gaxsnilad.
b) 8 seqtemberi, 1917 w. saRamos
va Tavmjdomaris arCeva. am saganze gaimarTa cxare kamaTi, sabolood krebam
sxdoma Sedga qalTa saeparqio saswav-
Ta vm jdo mar ed cn o leo ni de.
215
jvari vaz isa, 1987, # 1, gv. 14.
kr eb am
586
`Tavmjdomaris amxanagad~ airCia episkoposi antoni, dek. k. kekeliZe, r. Cxotua da sxvebi. arCeul iqna prezidiumi,
masSi Sevidnen sasuliero da saero pirebi. faqtobrivad krebas Tavmjdomareobda prezidiumis sami wevri: giorgi Juruli, trifon jafariZe da spiridon
kedia. krebas daevala: 1. sakaTalikoso
eklesiis organizacia; 2. kodifikacia
da samarTali; 3. RvTismsaxureba da samRvdeloeba; 4. saeklesio skolebis momavali; 5. ber-monazvnobis cxovrebis organizacia; 6. saqarTvel os ekl esi is
Stati; 7. arCevnebi kaTalikosis, quTaTelis, Wyondidelis, urbnelis, alaverdelis, sabWos 8 wevrisa da sasamarTlos 6 wevris. Semdeg waikiTxes
misaloci depeSebi berZnebis sazogadoebidan, osebisagan, adgilobriv rusTa
mcxovreblebisagan, baqos mahmadianebisagan da kerZo pirebisagan. 216
d) 9 seqtembris saRamos sxdoma. waikiTxes amierkavkasiis sagangebo komitetis misaloci depeSa. diliTve waikiTxes ruseTis sinodis oberprokuroris
kartaSevis misaloci depeSa, romelSic
agreTve naTqvami iyo: `ZaliT saswavleblebis CamorTmeva da qonebis ganawileba ar moxerxdeba, davelodoT petrogradSi sagangebo komisias am komisiaSi
Seva Tqveni 3 warmomadgeneli, isini miiReben gadawyvetilebas, romelsac acnobeben Tbiliss~. krebaze gamosulma oratorebma gailaSqres kartaSevis winaaRmdeg. Semdeg waikiTxes afxazeTidan anCabaZis mier gamogzavnili depeSa: àmieridan moxdeba qarTvel-afxazTa Zmobis aRdgena da maTi SeerTeba, aseve azri
gaatara Tavis sityvaSi samurzayanos
delegatma Cxotuam~. 21 7
e) 10 seqtembris sxdomaze waikiTxes wina sxdomebis oqmebi, mosaloci
depeSebi, ganixiles ruseTis droebiT
mTavrobasTan gasagzavni depeSis teqsti, gamoarkvies saeWvo mandatebi.
v) 10 seqtembris saRamos sxdomaze
airCies komisia, romelsac gasarCevad
miandes saqarTvelos eklesiis organizaciis proeqti. agreTve airCies saskolo
komisia, romelsac daavales sasuliero
skolebis mowyoba. 218
z) 11 seqtembris sxdoma mieZRvna
saqa rTvelo s ekles iis or ganiza ciis
proeqtis ganxilvas. momxsenebeli dekanozi korneli kekeliZe. proeqtis mixedviT saqarTveloSi 13 eparqia unda gaxsniliyo. eparqiaTa simcire (episkoposTa simravle) daaaxloebs episkoposs
xalxTan da ufro didi iqneba misi gavlena, magram erTi kaTalikosisa da erTi
mitropolitis Senaxva eklesias ujdeba
83.000 maneTi. am rTulma sakiTxma gamoiwvia xangrZlivi muSaoba 11 seqtembridan 16 seqtembramde. bolos krebam
daadgina: 13 eparqiidan 7 axlave gaixsnas, danarCeni ki TandaTan. 219 eparqiaTa
mosawyobad moTxovnil iqna 1 milioni
maneTi, romelic unda gamoeyo droebiT
mTavrobas dapirebisamebr.
T) 12 seqtembers samurzayanoelma
Cxotuam moiTxova samurzayanos saepiskoposo kaTedris dauyovnebeli daarseba.
sakiTxi gadaeca komisias gansaxilvelad.
daiwyo samzadisi kaTalikosos asarCevad krebis Semadgenlobis gasarkvevad.
erTi azriT krebaze unda yofiliyvnen
mxolod samRvdeloni, monazonTa da
eriskacTa warmomadgenlebi, sxva azriT,
agreTve kulturul-saganma naTleblo
sap atriarq os arq ivi, pirveli s aekles io kreb a, #181, 1917-1921 w.w. I-1-129, s r. saq . saekl esio
kreb isa (8-17 se qt. 19 17), s aqmeni, #1, 1; 217 gaz eTi `saqarTvel o~, 19 17, #20 0; 218 gaz . `sax alxo
saqme~, 19 17, #51; 219 iqv e, #52-53.
216
587
sazogadoebaTa warmomadgenlebic. iyo
qalTa da vaJTa sasuliero saswavle-
msjeloba imis Sesaxebac Tu kaTalikosis arCevnebi ra saxisa yofiliyo: kurialuri Tu demokratiuli.

i) 13 seqtembris sxdomaze gaimarTa
kamaTi imis Sesaxeb, iyo Tu ara saWiro
sakaTalikoso sabWos wevrebisaTvis umaRlesi ganaTleba. krebam daadgina, rom
blebi da seminariebi unda gadakeTebuliyo sruluflebian gimnaziebad saRvTo

sjulis savaldebulo swavlebiT. unda
momxdariyo am saswavleblebis nacionalizacia, Sevidoda saswavlo komi-
es saswavlo cenzi saWiro ar iyo. daisva kiTxva, Tu vis unda daemtkicebina

arCeuli mRvdelmTavari. krebam daadgina, rom xalxis mier arCeul mRvdelmTavars daamtkicebda xalxi.
komisias daevala moesmina umravlesobisa da umciresobis rezoluciebi da
maTgan erT-erTi amoerCia.
k) 14 seqtembers ganixiles 21 guruli delegatis Txovna guriaSi eparqiis gaxsnis Sesaxeb, romlis mRvdelmTavari baTumSi icxovrebda. es sakiTxi
gadaeca komisias. krebam moismina n.
durnovos milocva, romelic gamoTqvamda sixaruls saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis aRdgenis gamo. qarTvelebs
politikurad gaTavisuflebasac usurvebda 1783 wlis traqtatis ZaliT. waikiTxes kartaSevis depeSa peterburgis
momrigebel komisiaSi 3 delegatis gagzavnis Sesaxeb.
am sxdomaze daadgines, rom sakaTalikoso sabWo 15 wevrisagan unda yofiliyo Sedgenili, maT ricxvSi iqneboda kaTalikosi, 2 episkoposi da 12 amorCeuli piri - maTgan 4 xelfasiT da 8
uxelfasoT. cxare kamaTi gamoiwvia sakiTxma imis Sesaxeb, kaTalikosebi da
episkoposebi colianebi yofiliyvnen Tu
ucoloni. es sakiTxic komisias gadaeca.
l) 15 seqtembers moismines saskolo
komisiis moxseneba, romlis mixedviTac
220
gaz eTi `saxalxo saqme~, 1917, #54;
221
tetis daqvemdebarebis qveS.

15 seqtembris sxdomaze dekanozma
k. kekeliZem waikiTxa moxseneba, romelSic saWirod cno Semdegi:
1. Semokldes RvTismsaxurebis wesi;
2. saeklesio wignebi daibeWdos mxedruli anbaniT;
3. mieceT samRvdelo pirebs neba eklesiis gareT ataron saero tanisamosi;
4. gaikriWon Tma da wverebi.
k. kekeliZis am mosazrebas kreba
daTanxmda~, 220 magram gvaqvs sxva cnobac (k.p. kalistrate `mware mogonebebi~), romlis mixedviTac Semdgomi arc
erTi kreba (igulisxmeba II da III krebebi)
ar daTanxmda aRniSnul winadadebas.
m) `16 seqtembris sxdomaze kreba Seexo samRvdeloebis materialur
mxares da daadgina: rogorc jamagiridan, ise Semosavlidan mRvdels mieces
sami wili, medaviTnes ori wili~. 221
n) 17 seqtembers krebam amoirCia
kaTalikos-patriarqi. dasaxelda ori
kandidati: episkoposi kirioni, romelic krebis dReebSi Camovida saqarTveloSi, krebis gaxsnas 8 seqtembers ar
daswrebia ruseTSi yofnis gamo da mitropoliti leonide, romelic krebis
sulisCamdgmeli da `TviTgamorkvevis
didi aqtis~ mesveuri iyo.
arCevnebi moxda faruli xmis micemiT. arCevnebSi monawileoba miiRo
448-ma delegatma. 12 xmiT meti miiRo
kirionma, amitomac krebam is gamo-
iq ve, # 54.
588
acxada arCeul kaTalikosad da uga-
bis deb uleb a, S ua s auku neTa 8 0- mde
loba mas àqsios~.

o) `17 seqtembers saRamos amoirCies episkoposebi: quTaisis samitropolito kaTedraze _ anton giorgaZe, Wyondidis samitropolito kaTedraze _ ambrosi xelaia, urbnisis samitropolito kaTedraze _ episkoposi daviT kaWaxiZe da alaverdis saepiskoposo kaTedraze _ episkoposi pirosi oqropiriZe. mRvdelmTavar giorgi aladaSvilis Sesa xeb, romelic d roebiTma
mTavrobam imereTis eparqiidan gadaayena, krebas msjeloba ar hqonia~. 222
saqarTvelos sapatriarqo taxtze asvlisTanave 1917 wlis 19 seqtembers
uwmidesma da unetaresma kaTalikos-patriarqma kirion II-m gujariT mimarTa
saqarTvelos eklesiis samwysos, epistoleebiT mimarTa aRmosavleTis patriarqs (igulisxmeba berZnuli da sxva marTlmadidebluri eklesiebi), romis paps
da somexTa kaTalikos-patriarqs.
saqarTvelos eklesiis krebis gadawyvetilebam saeklesio saswavlebelTa nacionalizaciis Sesaxeb, Zalze gaaRiziana sasuliero seminariis reqtoris movaleobis Semsrulebeli muraxovski da
rusTa erovnuli sabWo. Tavis mxriv,
ruseTis wmida sinodma Tavis 1917 wlis
15 noembris brZanebulebiT Tbilisis sasuliero seminarias misca statusi da
uwoda `marTlmadidebluri rusuli sasuliero seminaria kavkasiaSi~. e.i. mouspo
saxsrebi qarTul saswavleblebs. male
ruseTis saxelmwifos gamoeyo saqarTvel o da T av is i sa x el mw if oe br iv i
damoukidebloba aRadgina.
I-ma krebam SeimuSava sakaTalikosos
dabal da saSualo saswavlebelTa mowyo-
saepiskoposodan aRadgina 9 (mogvianebiT

maTma ricxvma 13-s miaRwia, Semdeg 15-s).
saqarTvelos kaTalikos-patriarqi eklesias - umaRlesi saeklesio organos
sakaTalikoso sabWos meSveobiT marTavda.
es organo weliwadSi erTxel iqneboda
mowveuli. sakaTalikoso moicavda 8 eparqialur sabWosa da 8 eparqialur sasamarTlos. sakaTalikoso sistematur daxmarebas uwevda 9 wamyvan sakaTedro taZars da masTan arsebul or-or eklesias. 223
I-ma krebam sagangebo gadawyvetileba
miiRo iurisdiqciis sazRvrebis Sesaxeb.
anton II am sazRvrebs ase gadmogvcemda:
àdridanve Sewiruli samwysod sruliad
saqarTvelo sazRvriTi sazRvramde~. 224 krebam eklesiis iurisdiqciis sazRvrebis
gamocxadebiT xeli Seuwyo im droisaTvis
jer kidev ararsebuli damoukidebeli
saqarTvelos saxelmwifos sazRvrebis
gamokveTas.
wmida kirion kaTalikosis

mkvlelobis erTi versia
kirionis gardacvalebis (26.VII.1918)
Semdeg TbilisSi da saqarTveloSi gavrcelda sxvadasxva urTierTgamomricxavi
xmebi, erT-erTi Semogvinaxa s. kakabaZem.
igi wers: `carizmma XIX s-Si Tavisi politikiT miiRo yovelgvari zomebi, rom
saqarTvelos eklesiis aRdgena burJuaziuli wyobilebis pirobebSic SeuZlebeli
gaexada. qarTveli samRvdeloeba mxolod
gamorCenas eZebda da amitomac mas araviTari moraluri wona xalxis farTo masebSi
gaz . `saq arTvelo ~, 1917, #20 5; 223 q. pavliaSvili, saqarT velos eklesia 1917-1921 w.w., 2000,
gv. 207; 224 qar Tuli s amarTl is Zegl ebi, t . III, gv. 1112.
222
589
ar hqonda. amas Tan daerTo samRvde-
social-demokratebs udidesi gavle-
loebis maRal wreebSi dabudebuli erTm a ne T i s ga u t a n lo b a d a s i s x li a n i

SurisZieba. mitropolit leonides momxrem 1918 wlis 27 ivniss mokla kaTalikosi kirioni. amis Semdeg mokles kidev
na hqonda mopovebuli sazogadoebaSi,

ufro metic, maTi teroriT sastikad
iyo daSinebuli ara marto mosaxleoba,
aramed maTi partiis wevrebic, romelTac evalebodaT usityvod aResrulebi-
ori mRvdeli. amgvarad, eklesiis sakiTxS i fexi moiki da ter orma. aseT
pirobebSi kaTalikosad axali arCevnebis dauniSnavad gaxda leonide~. 225
naT partiis centris neba-survili. social-demokratiuli partiis neba ki mkacrad iyo mimarTuli yovelive qarTulis
winaaRmdeg, gansakuTrebiT ki saqarTve-
s. kakabaZe imeorebs imdroindel sazogadoebaSi gavrcelebul erT-erT versias, TiTqosda kirioni mokla leonides
momxrem. ram Seuwyo xeli aseTi xmebis
gavrcelebas? unda vifiqroT, rom aseT
xmebs sagangebod avrcelebda socialdemokratiuli partia, romelic dafarulad mudam ibrZoda saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis winaaRmdeg, maT
Soris, yovelgvari ukadrisi xerxebiT.
èklesiis sakiTxSi fexi terorma
moikida~ ara 1918 wlidan kirionis
sikvdilis Semdeg, aramed XIX s-is
los av tonomiis wi naaRmdeg. ara Tu

bolSevikebi, aramed qarTveli menSevikebic ki uaryofdnen lozungs ruseTis
imperiis farglebSi saqarTvelos avtonomiuri mmarTvelobisa. 226
qarTvel menSevikebs, romlis mebairaRed yovelTvis noe Jordania iyo, ar
swamda qarTuli saxelmwifoebriobis aRdgenis SesaZlebloba. qarTul menSevizms
axasiaTebda zizRi yvelaferi qarTulisadmi. es zizRi midioda iqamdis, rom
menSe vikuri p resis te rminolog iidan
s a vs e b iT g a mo d e vn i l i i y o si t y ve b i
bolodanve. ruseTis imperiaSi eklesiis

xelSi didi Zalaufleba iyrida Tavs,
mis xelSi ganaTlebis TiTqmis mTliani
sistema iyo moqceuli, amitomac sasuliero saswavleblebSi Sediodnen da
zogjer samRvdlo xarisxsac iRebdnen
sasuliero wodebisaTvis Seuferebeli
`saqarTvelo~ da `qarTveli~ da es savsebiT paTologiuri movlena axasiaTebda

qarTul menSevizms ruseTis imperiis arsebobis mTel sigrZeze vidre 1917 wlis
Tebervlis revoluciamdis da erTxans mis
Semdegac. 22 6
saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefalia so-
axalgazrdebi, sakmarisia iTqvas, rom

saqarTvelodan gasul bolSevik-socialdemokratebis gavlenian nawils sasuliero seminaria hqonda damTavrebuli, anda
Sexeba hqonda sasuliero saswavleblebTan. aseve menSevikebsac. zogjer isic ki
xdeboda, rom erTdroulad romelime
axalgazrda oficialurad sasuliero
wodebaSi iricxeboda, araoficialurad
socialistur partias ganekuTvneboda.
cial-demokratebs saqarTvelos avtonomiis

programis erT-erT nawilad miaCndaT, amitomac ibrZodnen mis winaaRmdeg, ZiriTadad faruli xerxebiT, aseve ukve 190507 wl ebisaTvi s avtoke faliis i deis
winaaRmdeg aamxedres qarTveli axalgazrda sasuliero pirebis erTi nawilic ki.
eweodnen avtokefaluri moZraobis diskreditacias, eZebdnen misi mospobis veragul gzebs. erT-erT aseT xerxad unda
225
226
iqv e, gv. 249.
590
miviCnioT saqarTvelos egzarqos nikon
dasaxuli miznisaken~ maTi presa mxo-
sofiiskis mkvleloba - 1908 wlis 26

maiss. aqamde aTi dRiT adre `Jardarm-
lod iseT masalas aqveynebda, romelic

mianiSnebda egzarqos nikonis mkvlelo-
eriis anonimi agenti jer kidev 1908

wlis 16 maiss acnobebda Tbilisis guberniis Jandarmeriis sammarTvelos, rom
egzarqosis mokvlas apirebda `diakonTa
da mefsalmuneTa Tbilisis komiteti~,
baSi qarTvel avtokefalistebis monawileobaze, 22 7 amasTanave peterburgSic

saimperio da saeklesio xelisufleba
dainteresebuli yofila mkvleloba dabraleboda qarTvel avtokefalistebs. 228
romelic Tbilisis social-demokratiuli komitetis xelmZRvanelobiT moqmedeb-
social-demokratebisa da imperiuli xelisuflebis miznebi Tanxvedrili iyo
da. social-demokratebma kargad icodnen, rom nikonis mokvlas avtokefalistTa devna mohyveboda, rac uSualod
saqarTvelos damoukideblobis sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT. es ori Zala erTi

mizniT moqmedebda.
Sedioda qarTvel social-demokratTa geg-
aqve sainteresoa warmoCena im at-
mebSi. qarTvel avtokefalistTa moZraob a, r og or c yv el az e wm in da n ak ad i

erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobisa,
sulier sazrdos aZlevda, moralurad
mosferosi, romelic eklesiaSi sufevda

XX s-is dasawyisSi. magaliTad nikonis
mkvlelobaSi eWvmitanili mRvdeli (giorgi parkaZe) - `revoluciuri moZraobis
amxnevebda im Zalebs, romlebic saqarTvelos ruseTidan gamoyofisaTvis ibrZodnen. amas ki qarTuli social-demokratebi
ver dauSvebdnen. cnobilia, ra didi
winamZRolad~ iTvleboda. 229 meore eWvmitanilic - diakoni, aseve revolucioneri

iyo. 1908 wlis 12 aprils mokles erTerTi mRvdelmonazoni gavrili, mis mokv-
rixiTa da SemarTebiT ebrZodnen isini

saqarTvelos avtonomiis ideasac ki ruseTis pirveli revoluciis wlebSi da
Semdgom xanebSi~ - wers istorikosi
las abralebdnen `diakonTa da mefsalmuneTa Tbilisis komitets~, romelic imyofeboda Tbilisis social-demokratiuli komitetis ganmgeblobaSi~. 230 am ko-
nikonis mkvlelobis masalebis Seswavlis Semdeg. 227

v. guruli askvnis - àmgvarad, egzarqos nikonis mkvlelobis erTaderTi
SesaZlo organizatorebi SeiZleboda
mitetSi Sediodnen sxvadasxva eklesiebis diakvnebi da medaviTneebi, romelTa

komitets hyavda Tavisi teroristi - kacismkvlelebi! komiteti aterorebda samR vd e lo e ba s . m ag al i Ta d , a nC i sx a ti s
yo fi li yv nen q ar Tv eli s oc ia ldemokratebi~. 227 maT mier es `mzakvruli gza iqna arCeuli avtokefalistTa
mRvdels karbelaSvils jer SeuTvales,

Semdeg ki orjer mokvla daupires, romelsac SemTxveviT gadarCa, imave wels (1907
moZraobis darbeva-ganadgurebisaTvis~. 227

amave dros `social-demokratebi, romelTac politikuri mkvlelobisa da kvalis
dafarvis didi gamocdileba hqondaT,
w.) mokvla daupires wmida marines eklesiis mRvdels, romelic aRar gamocxadda eklesiaSi, mis nacvlad misuli
mRvdeli gavrili ki mokles. maT gegma-
axlac dinjad da gabedulad modiodnen
Si Sedioda egzarqos nikonis mokvla.
v. guruli, egzarq os nik onis mk vlelebi, Jurn. `relig ia~, 1993, #1, gv. 9 6;
iqve , gv. 9 1; 230 iqv e, gv. 92.
227
228
iqv e, gv. 89;
229
591
1908 wlis 28 maiss, mkvlelobis win
mTavrobas mimarTavdnen, sadac ukve so-
nikons ezoSi laparakis dros akavebda

(elaparakeboda) mRvdeli obrazcovi,
cial-demokratebs mniSvnelovani Tanamdebobebi eWiraT. isini ki qarTuli ek-
romelic iyo àTeisti da revoluciuri

ganwyobilebisa~. 231 social-demokratebs
uTanagrZnobdnen da maT saqmes akeTebdnen ara mxolod samRvdeloebis, diakvnebis, medaviTnebis erTi nawili, aramed
lesiis saqmes abrkolebdnen. ìyo aseTi

SemTxvevac: wmida ninos bodbis monastris iRumenia ninom (vaCnaZe) moaxsena
sakaTalikoso sabWos, rom TfilisSi arsebul aRniSnuli monastris metoqis yo-
morCilebic. 232 maTi saqme ki iyo brZola

`yovelive qarTulis winaaRmdeg~, maT
fili iRumenia anastasia (rusi) ar anebebs

mas, xolo Senobis dasacvelad dauy-
Soris saqarTvelos eklesiis Tavisuflebis winaaRmdegac. maT fonze udides moRvaweebad Cndebian qarTuli avtokefal-
enebia rusis Savrazmelebi `dubinebiT~.

am saqmis mosagvareblad kaTalikosis brZanebiT `zakavkazski komisariatSi~ wari-
istebi, romelTac ebrZoda saxelmwifo
gzavna delegacia, romelic miiRo erTma
da araerovnuli partiebi, am ukanasknelTa

presa mosaxleobas nihilisturad ganawyobda, amave dros ki avtokefalistebs
aSinebda teroristTa bandebi.
didma mo xele qarTvelma socialdemokratma. man usiamovnod mousmina delegacias da uari ganucxada daxmarebaze.
delegaciis pasuxze, rom sakaTalikozo

aRdgenis saqmis winaaRmdeg bolomde
ibrZodnen social-demokratebi da sxvebi. avtokefaliis aRdgenam isini gaanaw-
sabWo iZulebuli gaxdeba sxva zomebs

mimarToso, `sanovnikma~ SeuWyivla ìa
vas arestuiu!~ 233
sabednierod, qarTuli eklesiis mi-
yena, mis meTaurTa winaaRmdeg mimarTavdnen maTTvis Cveul ciliswamebasa da

terors. magaliTad, 1917 wlis Tebervlis revoluciis Semdeg ruseTis droe-
marT kargad iyo ganwyobili erovnuldemokratiuli partia, romelTa razmebi

exmarebodnen axladaRdgenil avtokefalur eklesias, ganexorcielebina Tavisi
biTma mTavrobam cno qarTuli eklesiis

avtokefalia. saqarTvelos eklesias unda
gadacemoda yofili saegzarqosos qoneba, eklesiebi, monastrebi da sxva, qarTuli mxaris moTxovnis Tanaxmad, magram
uflebani taZrebsa, sxva Senobebsa da

sazogadod qonebaze. 234
arc imis Semdgom SeucvliaT socialdemokratebs TavianTi Sexeduleba qarTuli eklesiis mimarT, rac rusis jarma
zogierT eklesiasa da monasterTa umravlesobaSi mokalaTebuli rusi samRvdeloeba da ber-monazvnebi sastik winaaRm-
amierkavkasia datova, saqarTvelo ucxoeTis moTxovniT damoukidebel saxelmwifod gamocxadda, xolo mis saTaveSi
degobas uwevdnen am saqmes, saqarTvelos eklesias ar anebebdnen Tavis yofil qonebas da epatronebodnen mas.
qarTvelebi daxmarebisaTvis amierkavkasiis
maTTvis moulodnelad social-demokratebi (menSevikebi) aRmoCndnen. maleve, 1918

w li s i vl is S i ki r io ni c u cn a ur ad ,
tragikulad gardaicvala.
iqv e, gv. 9 4; 232 iqv e, gv. 9 3; 233 pat riarq leonide s epis tole, r useTis patriarq tixo ns, `j vari
vazisa~, 19 90, #3, gv. 7 6; 234 v. guruli, dasax . naSr ., gv. 75.
231
592
saeklesio krebebi 1918-1995 wlebSi

(ocdasami kreba)
saeklesio krebebi saxelmwifoebrivi
damoukideblobis wlebSi 1918-1921.
saqarTvelos II saeklesio kreba
1) 1918 wlis 28 maiss Sedga sakaTalikoso sabWos kreba, romelic gaimarTa saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebriobis
aRdgenis aRsaniSnavad (ori dRiT adre
1918 wlis 26 maiss gamocxadda damoukidebloba). krebam daadgina Sesabamisi
sazeimo RonisZiebebiT aReniSna es didmniSvnelovani faqti, romlisTvisac eklesia 117 weli iRvwoda 18 01 wlidan,
ruse Tis mi er saqa rTvelo s aneq siis
pirveli dRidanve. saeklesio ierarqiam
gaiTvaliswina, rom saukunovani monobis uRlis qveS myofi xalxis mniSvne lovan nawi ls dak argul i hqo nda
erovnul-saxelmwifoebrivi cnobiereba,
mis aRsadgenad saWirod iqna miCneuli
eklesiis saxeliT gamocemuliyo `damoukidebeli saqarTvelos saxelmwifos mimarT morwmune moqalaqeTa ficis furceli~, igi aseTia: `me, amis qvemore
moxsenebuli aRvTqvam da vficav winaSe
235
RvTisa da misisa wmidisa saxarebisa,

rom msurs da valdebuli var saqarTvelos demokratiul respublikas erTgulad da gulwrfelad vemsaxuro, morCil viqmne da ara daviSuro sicocxle
Cemi sisxlis ukanasknel wveTamde misis keTildReobisa da bednierebisaTvis,
davicva am respublikis yoveli ufleba
da upiratesoba, aw ukve dakanonebuli
da amis Semdeg kanonad dadgenili, Cemis SeZlebisa da qonebisamebr xeli
warvumarTo yovelsave, rac ki respublikas sargeblobas moutans, xolo yovelive ziani da vneba, romelic Cemda
uwyebis iqneba, araTu drozed ganvacxado, aramed yovelis RonisZiebiTa CemiTa avarido, yoveli Cemda rwmunebuliTa da arca raime sargeblobis sixarbiTa ara vimoqmedo ra respublikis winaaRmdeg, maxsovs ra, rom ama ficisa
darRvevisaTvis pasuxi unda vago winaSe
kanonisa da RvTisa mis saSinelsa samsjavrosa Sina, dasarwmuneblad ama Cemis ficisa vemTxvevi sityvasa da jvars
macxovrisa Cemisasa, amin~. 235
saq arTvel os cent raluri arqivi, f. 2080, aRw. I., saq. 240.
593
2) 1918 wlis 28 noembers Sedga sakaTa-
lebaTa saministrosadmi gadacemis, ek-
likoso sabWos sxdoma, romelmac axal

patriarqad gamoirCia Tbileli mitropoliti leonide (krebis sityviT: `gamorCeuli I saeklesio krebis mierve 1917
wlis seqtemberSi). krebas eswrebodnen
lesiis biujetis, samRvdeloebis sayofacxovrebo da mcxeTa-Tbilisis eparqiebis gaerTianebis sakiTxebi da kaTal ikos-p atriar q ad mitro po lit
(tfilel) leonides (oqropiriZe) damt-
Wyondideli mitropoliti ambrosi, quTaTeli mitropoliti nazari, alaverdeli episkoposi pirosi, sasuliero da
saero pirebi, maT Soris k. kekeliZe, k.
kicdeba. 27 ivniss sionSi wires mitropolitma leonidem, quTaTelma mitropo li tma na za rim , cxu me lma mi tr opolitma ambrosim, wirvis Semdeg kreba
cincaZe (SemdgomSi kaTolikos-patriarqi kalistrate), pavle ingoroyva da

sxvani. krebam ganaCina: à) dauyovnebliv
arCeul iqnes kaTolikos-patriarqi, amas
mo iT xo vs s ae kl es io i nt er es eb i da
saqarTvelos dRevandeli politikuri viTareba, misi saeraTaSoriso mdgomareoba; b) uaryofil iqnes azri kaTalikozis
asarCevad saqarTvelos saeklesio krebis mowvevisa; g) sakaTalikozo sabWos
kanonierad miaCnia mitropolit leonides
arCeva kaTalikozad~.
sakaTalikozo sabWos aRniSnuli gan-
gaxsnilad gamoacxades.
`1918 wels social-demokratiulma
mTavrobam gaauqma sasuliero saswavleblebi, riTac eklesias mouspo saSualeba sasuliero kadrebi moemzadebina. parlamentis 1918 wlis 26 noembris gadawyvetilebiT saswavleblebSi aikrZala
saRvTo rjulis swavleba. 1918 wlis 3
dekembris mTavrobis gankargulebiT eklesias CamoerTva samoqalaqo registraciis ufleba. eklesiis winaaRmdeg iyo mimarTuli damfuZnebeli krebis mier 1919
wlis 17 ivliss zogierTi saeklesio uqme
Cinebis kanoniereba daadastures eparqiaTa sabWoebma werilobiTi saxiT. mitropoliti leonide saqarTvelos kaTalikos-patriarqad akurTxes 1919 wlis
23 Tebervals sveticxovelSi. iqamde, 1918
wlis 26 noembris kanoniT menSevikurma
mTavrobam gaauqma skolebSi saRvTo sju-
dRis gauqmeba.
agraruli sakiTxis gadawyvetis dros
social-demokratiulma mTavrobam eklesias araTu daubruna is saeklesio miwebi da qoneba, romelic man avtokefaliis gauqmebis dros dakarga, aramed
saxelmwifos mflobelobaSi gadavida is
lis swavleba, sasuliero saswavlebelTa qoneba gadasca ganaTlebis saministros. mTavrobam sagangebo dekretiT
eklesia-monastrebs CamoarTva miwebi, venaxi, saTibebi, tyeebi da wisqvilebi. 236
mcire saeklesio miwebic, romelic mas

egzarqosobis dros hqonda. eklesia saxelmwifosagan mcire subsidiebs da naturalur ulufas iRebda, magram 1920 wlis
mTavrobis gankargulebiT 21 maisis dekretiT saeklesio qoneba saxelmwifo
sakuTrebad gamocxadda. Seqmnil komisias daevala maTi muzeumebSi Tavmoyra.
1920 wlis 27 ivniss gamarTulma
saeklesio krebam imsjela mTavrobis mier
3) 1920 wlis 27 ivniss muSaobas

Seudga e.w. `saqarTvelos II saeklesio
kreba~. krebam ganixila saxelmwifosagan eklesiis gamoyofis, sasuliero swav236
s. vardos aniZe, `saqarT velos marTlmadidebel i ekle sia 1927-1952 wlebSi, 2001 w. gv. 25.
594
ek lesi is mima rT g amo tani li gada w-
oboda eparqiuli krebebi, sadac sam-
yvetilebis Sesaxeb da aRniSna, rom didad

ilaxeboda eklesiisa da morwmune eris
Rvdeloeba msjelobda eklesiaSi Seqmnil mZime mdgomareobaze. leonidem ofi-
interesebi. saeklesio krebis gadawyvetilebebi mTavrobas ecnoba. sakaTalikoso sabWo winaaRmdegi ar iyo eklesiis saxelmwifosagan gamoyofisa. eklesia ukmayofilebas gamoTqvamda imis
cialuri weriliT mimarTa n. Jordanias.

proeqtis me-8 muxliT èklesiis sakuTrebad gamocxadda uZrav-moZravi qoneba
garda miwisa~, amitomac leonide werda - `monastrebsa da eklesiebSi xalxi
gamo, rom aRniSnuli sakiTxis gadawyvetas demokratiuli mTavroba aTeisturi
cxovrobs da riT iarsebon maT, Tu miwa

ar eqnebodaT?~. am droisaTvis (1918 wlis
propagandis fonze axdenda.

sionSi dawyebuli kreba meore dRes
gadatanili iqna seminariis SenobaSi,
26 agvistos monacemebiT) saqarTvelos

sakaTalikosoSi iricxeboda 1.425 samrevlo, aqedan 914 quTaisis guberniaSi,
Semdeg qaSueTis taZarSi. kreba miesal-
453 Tbilisis guberniaSi, 56 soxumis
ma `saqarTvelos saxelovan jarsa da

gvardias~. sxva sakiTxebTan erTad, krebas gadasaWrelad miaCnda eklesiis saxelmwifosagan gamoyofis sakiTxi, aseve
olqSi, 2 ganjis guberniaSi, sul msaxurobda 1.520 mRvdeli, 21 diakvani da

1.501 medaviTne. 238
miuxedavad imisa, rom menSevikuri
Wyondidelis arCevnebi, guriis eparqiisa da bodbis samitropolitos daarseba. delegatTa xarjebis dasafaravad mimarTes mTavrobas. krebam sakaTalikoso
(socialisturi) mTavroba gulgrilad eqceoda erovnul eklesias unda vaRiaroT, rom qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis safuZvels warmoadgenda saqarTve-
sabWos uwoda `mudmivi kreba~, kaTalikos-patriarqad daamtkica leonide. 237

male, 1920 wlis oqtomber-noemberSi mTavrobam Camoayaliba saxelmwifos-
los saxelmwifoebrivi damoukidebloba

da zogierTi dadgenileba xelisuflebisa. magaliTad, saqarTvelos teritoriaze rusuli saegzarqosos naSTebis aR-
agan eklesiis CamoSorebis proeqti,

romlis safuZvelze eklesia ganTavisuflda saxelmwifo funqciebisagan, gardacvalebis, qorwinebisa da dabadebis
registraciis movaleobisagan, eklesia ma-
mofxvrisaTvis udidesi mniSvneloba hqonda mTavrobis 1920 wlis 21 Tebervlis

kanons `kavkasiis sinodaluri kantoris
gauqmebis Sesaxeb~, romelic eyrdnoboda im faqts, rom `sinodalur kantora-
terialurad damou kidebeli xdeboda

saxelmwifosagan, xolo saxelmwifo ar
Caereoda Sidasaeklesio saqmeebSi. kanon-
Si muSaobdnen saxelmwifosaTvis ara

sando elementebi, romlebic saqarTvelos sxvadasxva erovnebis mkvidr mo-
pr oe qt i 24 m ux li sa ga n Se dg eb od a.
mTavrobam am kanonproeqtiT erovnuli
eklesia uflebrivad gauTanabra sxva
religiur aRmsareblebs. proeqtma aRaS-
saxleobas erTmaneTs upirispirebdnen~, 239

1920 wlis Tebervlidan saqarTveloSi
Sewyda rusuli marTlmadidebeli eklesiis
iurisdiqcia. q. pavliaSvilis azriT,
foTa samRvdeloeba, sistematurad ewy-
saqar Tvelos e klesiis iurisdiq ciis
saq arT v el o s s apat r iar qo s ar q iv i, II, s aek l es io o q me b i; 23 8 q . p avl iaSvil i,

marTlmadidebeli eklesia 1917-1921 wlebSi, gv. 171-196; 239 iqve, gv. 177.
23 7
saq arT vel os
595
aRdgena saxelmwifos mTel teritori-
eb (orive debuleba eyrdnoba 1917 wlis
aze moxda mas Semdeg, rac 1920 wlis

17 agvistos mTavrobis sxdomaze mosme-
seqtembris #16 da #15 ganCineba-dadgenilebas); 5) instruqcia krebulisaTvis,
nil iqna iusticiis ministris moxseneba saqarTvelos farglebSi arsebuli

rusuli, berZnuli da osuri samRvdeloebis daqvemdebarebis Sesaxeb. daevala Ss ministrs saeklesio kanonmde-
sadac ori an meti mRvdelia.

eklesiaSi krebam daakanona Semdegi
eparqiebi: 1. mcxeTisa da tfilisisa, 2.
alaverdisa, 3. bodbisa; 4. urbnisisa; 5.
awyurisa; 6. quTaisisa; 7. genaTisa; 8.
bl obiT zem oxse nebu li s amre vloe bi

daeqvemdebarebina saqarTvelos eklesi-
nikorwmidisa; 9. cagerisa; 10. Wyondidisa; 11. baTom-Semoqmedisa; 12. cxum-
isaTvis #7g muxlis ZaliT. 240

rogorc aRiniSna, 1920 wlis 27
ivniss (8 ivliss) saqarTvelos eklesi-
afxazeTisa.
mcxeTa-Tbilisis mwyemsmTavrad ganisazRvra sruliad saqarTvelos kaTa-
is e.w. II (avtokefaliis aRdgenis Sem-
likos-patriarqi, romlis tituls amis
deg) saeklesio krebam, romelmac 1917

wlis saeklesio krebis muSaoba gaagrZela eklesiis marTva-gamgeobis sakiTxTa gadasaWrelad, gamosca debuleba:
gamo daemata `mTavarepiskoposi mcxeTisa da tfilisisa~.

aRsaniSnavia, rom qarTulma eklesiam
Tavis iurisdiqciaSi Seiyvana agreTve
`saqarTvelos eklesiis marTva-gamgeoba~. II krebam erTsulovnad sapatriarqo taxtze airCia (daamtkica) leonide, romelsac es taxti eWira kiri-
ucxoeTSi mcxovrebi qarTvelebi (da

saqarTvelos eklesiis wevrebi), ìseT
qveynebSi, sadac marTlmadidebeli episkoposi ar aris~ (aRsaniSnavia, rom sxva
onis gardacvalebis Semdeg.

`saqarTvelos eklesiis marTva-gamgeoba~, romelsac agreTve ewodeba `debulebani miRebuli sruliad saqarTvelos 1920
marTlmadidebeli eklesiebic Tavis mrevlad miiCneven ucxoeTSi gasul Tanamemamuleebs. magaliTad, rumineTis eklesia Tavis iurisdiqcias axorcielebs im
wlis saeklesio krebis mier~ moicavs Semdeg Tavebs: 1) saqarTvelos eklesiis marTva-gamgeoba; 2) mTavari gamgeoba; 3) saeparqio marTva-gamgeoba; 4) saolqo mmarTveloba; 5) samrevlo; 6) saeklesio samarTali.
marTlmadidebel ruminelebze, romelnic

avstraliaSi, axal zelandiaSi, amerikaSi (aSS, kanada), inglisSi, SveciaSi,
safrangeTSi, germaniaSi, avstriasa da
ungreTSi cxovroben. 241 aseve rusuli ek-
Tan axlavs 1) debuleba saqarTvelos eklesiis qorwinebisaTvis damtkicebuli

sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio krebis
lesiac Tavis mrevlad miiCnevs ucxoeTSi mcxovreb rusebs. qarTvelebma es wesi

ver SeiTvises. magaliTad, am debulebis
1920 wlis ivlisis #3 ganCinebiT; 2)

debuleba saqarTvelos eklesiisa ganqorwinebisaTvis (damtkicebuli imave ganCinebiT); 3) debuleba saZmo Semosavli-
gamocemis (1920 w.) Semdeg male, 1921

wels, saqarTvelodan safrangeTSi Casulma qarTulma emigraciam parizSi gaxsna qarTuli eklesia, magram igi Seiyva-
saTvis da 4) debuleba jildoebis Sesax-
na ara saqarTvelos patriarqis iuris-
q. pavliaSvili, saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesia 1917-1921 wlebSi, gv. 178;

1997 , 20 maisi, gv . 9.
240
241
gaz . `madli~,
596
diqciaSi, rasac aRniSnuli debuleba
eklesiis gamgeblad, anu mmarTvelad
moiTxovda, aramed konstantinopolis sapatriarqos iurisdiqciaSi, es miuTiTebs
gamocxadda saeklesio kreba. kreba iyo

perioduli da mudmivi. mudmivi kreba,
anu sakaTalikoso sabWo Sedgeboda yvela mmarTveli mRvdelmTavrisagan saeklesio krebis mier arCeuli 6 sxva
qarTvelTa eklesiuri indiferentizmis,

nakleb patriotizmis da saeklesio wesTa ucodinarobis Sesaxeb).
saqarTvelos patriarqis iurisdiqciaSi
Sevida saqarTvelos mxedroba anu armiis
morwmune jariskacebi da oficrebi.
aRsaniSnavia, rom saqarTvelos yofili samefos is miwa-wyali, romelic
SemdegSi ar Sevida saqarTvelos respublikaSi, eklesiis aRniSnulma krebam Seiyvana saqarTvelos sapatriarqos
iurisdiqciaSi. kerZod, sxvadasxva eparqiaTa Soris ganawilda tao-klarjeTi.
samxreT saqarTvelo ganja-yazaxis CaTvliT, saingilo, dasavleT daRestani da
Crdilo kavkasia.
kerZod, alaverdis eparqiaSi Sevida
`didoeT-durZukeTi miwerili Tergisa da
daRestnis mxareze~, bodbis eparqiaSi ol qi z aqaT ali sa, samu xis a, n uxis a,
areSisa, ganjisa da yazaxisa~ (esaa dasavleT azerbaijani); urbnisis eparqiaSi
Sevida `dvaleTi, miwerili Tergis mxareze~; awyuris eparqiaSi - èruSeTis,
dadaSenis, wyarosTavis, anisis, karisa
da alaSkertis~ yofili saepiskoposoebi, romelnic Sediodnen artaanis, yarsis,
yaRzevanis olqebSi, agreTve gumbris
wevrisagan 3 wlis vadiT.

rogorc debulebis 50-62-e paragrafebidan Cans, sakaTalikozo sabWos amave
dros eqvemdebareboda saeklesio samarTali. saqarTvelos II saeklesio krebam gaauqma saeparqio sabWoebi, SezRuda
saeparqio sasamarTloebis funqciebi,
amasTanave gauqmebuli iqna sakaTalikoso sasamarTlo. sakaTalikoso sasamarTlos funqciebi SeiTavsa sakaTalikoso sabWom.
iqamde kaTalikosis 1919 wlis 30
ianvris ganCinebiT eklesiaSi uaryofil iqna sasuliero pirTaTvis yovelgvari jil dos miniWeba (ar qimandritis da dekanozis wodeba, mitris tarebi s u fle ba) . a rqi ma ndr iti s w ode ba
mxolod ramdenime mTavari monastris
winamZRvars miecemoda, dekanozisa
sakaTedros taZris pirvel mRvdels,
xolo mitris tarebis ufleba mxolod
episkoposs eZleoda.
mazra (es teritoriebi Semdgom wlebSi

Turqebma da somxeTma erTmaneTSi gainawiles), agreTve basiani. baTom-Semoqme-
saeklesio krebebi okupaciis wlebSi.
dis eparqiaSi Sevida arTvinis da olTisis olqi, TorTomi, kiskimi, ispiri,

rize, aTina da xofa.
krebam gansazRvra mitropolitis pa-
genuis konferencias
tivis upiratesoba episkoposTan SedarebiT. episkoposTa pativdeba qirotoniis

mixedviT.
saqarTvelos III saeklesio kreba.

wmida ambrosis mimarTva
4) 1921 wlis 21 Tebervals Sedga

saqarTvelos sakaTalikozo sabWos sagangebo sxdoma, romelic mieZRvna saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobis dakargvis safrTxes. qveyanaSi Teberv-
597
lis dasawyisSi SemoiWra ruseTis XI
epidemiam imsxverpla. igi dakrZales 17
armia, romelic Tbilisisaken moiwevda.

sxdomam miiRo mimarTva: a) eklesiebSi
ivniss sionSi.
gadaxdil iqnes paraklisebi mtrisagan

saqarTvelos gaTavisuflebisaTvis; b) eklesiebSi winamZRvrebma ganumarton xalxs
dRevandeli omis mniSvneloba; g) samrevlo sabWoebma gaiRon qonebrivi xar-
5) 1921 wlis 1-5 seqtembers gelaTis RvTismSoblis taZarSi Sedga saqarTvelos III saeklesio kreba. mTavari sakiTxi iyo axali kaTolikos-patriarqis
gamorCeva, agreTve arCeva sakaTalikoso
ji omis saWiroebaTa dasakmayofileblad;

d) samrevlo-sabWoebma miiRon zomebi
sabWos wevrebisa. kaTalikosad gamorCeul

iqna 1919 wlidan cxum-afxazeTis mit-
taZrebis gaZlierebisa da siwmideTa dasacavad; d) Sekrebil iqnes nebayoflobiT

Sewiruloba aRniSnuli saWiroebisaTvis;
ropoliti ambrosi xelaia. kaTalikosobis kandidatad krebis mier dasaxelebuli iyo agreTve quTaTel-genaTeli mit-
e) krebuli daexmaros jarSi gawveul-
ropoliti nazari, xmebis upiratesobiT
Ta ojaxebs.
22-23 Tebervals mTavrobam miiRo
dadgenileba Tbilisis datovebis Sesaxeb. sakaTalikozo sabWom ki dadgenileba
arCeuli iqna ambrosi xelaia, romelic

imave wlis 14 oqtombers ayvanil iqna
sakaTalikoso taxtze sveticxovelSi.
sakaTalikoso sabWos wevrebad ar-
saeklesio ganZeulobis (Tbilisis, sveticxovlis eklesia-monastris xatebi da

sxva siwmideebi) quTaisSi evakuaciis
Sesaxeb. ganZis usafrTxoebaze pasux-
Ceuli iqnen: dekanozebi i. mirianaSvili,

m. tyemalaZe, k. cincaZe, saero pirTagan
n. TavdgiriZe, r. ivanicki, k. kekeliZe,
maTTan er Tad `debulebis~ mixedviT
ismgebloba daekisra episkopos daviT kaWaxiZes da arqimandrit pavle jafariZes. 24 Tebervals Tbilisi datova uwmidesma leonidem da quTaisSi wavida.
sakaTalikozo sabWos wevrebad iTvlebodnen `yvela mmarTveli mRvdelmTavari~.

Semdgom k. kekeliZe da r. ivanicki
CamoSordnen sakaTalikozo sabWos da maT
mTavrobam miiRo erTaderTi swori gadawyvetileba muzeumebSi Tavmoyrili saekl es io ga nZ e ul i g ae ta n a uc x oe TS i

(saqarTveloSi darCenili siwmideebi
bolSevikebma oqro-vercxlis zodebad
magier miwveuli iqnen gelaTis krebisagan arCeuli kandidatebi n. arjevaniZe

da i. ratiSvili~. 242
krebidan ramdenime Tvis Semdeg 1923
wlis gazafxulisaTvis gelaTis monas-
Camoasxes, xolo maTTvis usargeblo

gaanadgures).
mTavroba emigraciaSi gaemgzavra 1921
teri bolSevikebma daxures. maTi xelisufleba 1921 wlis 25 Tebervals

damyarda, ruseTis jarebis mier saqarTve-
wlis 11 marts, 13 marts kaTalikospatriarqi TbilisSi dabrunda. imave wlis

11 ivniss igi gardaicvala, firqroben,
rom igi mowamles, meore azriT, igi
lo s ok upa ciis Sed ega d. m Tav roba m,

romelsac axla `saqarTvelos revkomi~
ewodeboda, 1921 wlis 15 aprils gamosca dadgenileba `saxelmwifosagan eklesi-
rusis jaris mier Semotanilma Savi Wiris
is da eklesiisagan skolis gamoyofis
k.p . kalistrate cincaZis `mware mogo nebani saqarT velos eklesiis axlo warsul idan~ ( masale bi),
xeln aweri, saisto rio ar qivi, s aqme # 103.
242
598
Sesaxeb~. saeklesio sakuTreba gamocxa-
nad besarion xelaia) genuis konferen-
debuli iqna `saxalxo sakuTrebad~. daiwyo imJamad moqmedi daaxloebiT 1.450
cias mimarTa Semdegi Sinaarsis mowodebiT:

`kulturul kacobriobas genuis konfer-
eklesiisa da 25 monastris Zarcva da

ngreva, amas Tan daerTo 1.600 sasuliero piris represiebi. saqarTvelos eklesia kidev ufro mtkivneulad ganicdida
imas, rom mterma saqarTvelos CamoaWra
enciaze warmodgenils mona RvTisa ambrosi, sulieri mwyemsi da patriarqi

sruliad saqarTveloAsa qristes mier
siyvaruliT moikiTxavs.
jer kidev araqristianuli qarTul
istoriuli miwa-wyali lore-taSiri, saingilo, mesxeTis didi nawili, Crdilo
tomis modgmebma Seqmnes patara sivrciT, magram Zlieri nebisyofiT da mdi-
saqarTvelos regionebi, amasTanave saqarTvelos Sinagani danawevrebis mizniT xe-
dari aqtualuri niWiT saxelmwifo,

romelic cnobilia istoriaSi saqarTvelos saxeliT da romelic, saukuneTa
lovnurad Seqmnes avtonomiuri erTeulebi

Sida qarTlSi, aWarasa da afxazeTSi.
ganmavlobaSi, erTaderTi matarebeli iyo
qarTveli eris swrafi asimilirebisa da

qveyanaSi maTi procentuli raodenobis
Semcirebis mizniT saqarTveloSi Semoiyvanes ltolvili rusi mosaxleoba ruseTis sxvadasxva kuTxeebidan, isini saqarTveloSi daasaxles qarTvelTa SezRudvis xarjze. saxelmwifo dawesebulebebSi mkveTrad SeizRuda da aikrZala qarTu-
winaaziaSi qristianuli kulturisa da

evropuli humanizmisa.
XVIII s-is gasuls, gareSe mterTagan brZolaSi Zalmixdili, qarTveli eri
li ena. cxadia, eklesiisa da misi meTaurisaTvis qveynisa da eris gaCanageba

mtanjveli iyo, amitomac kaTalikos-patriarqma ambrosi xelaiam 1922 wlis
bobas, raAca aSkarad aris aRniSnuli

1783 w. saqarTvelos mefis erekle II da
ruseTis imperatrica ekaterine II Soris
dadebuls politikur traqtatSi, magram
Teberval-martSi sakaTalikoso sabWos

TanxmobiT memorandumi gaugzavna genuis
saerTaSoriso konferencias, romelsac
aTeulobiT saxelmwifos warmomadgenlebi
eswrebodnen. konferencia 10 aprilidan
19 maisamde muSaobda da masze evropis
saxelmwifoTa garda miwveuli iyo ruseTis mTavrobis delegacia. qarTvel bolSe-
samwuxarod gacruebul imedebis amarad

darCenili Cemi samSoblo 117 wlis ganmavlobaSi ruseTis biurokratebisagan
ganicdida mxolod mwvave despotiasa da
autanel Seviwroebas. amitom, 1917 wels,
vikTa SefasebiT wmida ambrosis memorandumma `didi vneba moutana~ ruseTis

delegacias. memorandumis teqsti (kaTalikos-patriarq kalistrates amonawer-
nebliv xeli mohkida Tavisi politikurisa

da kulturuli cxovrebis restavracias.
miuxedavad imisa, rom am muSaobaSi mas
aferxebdnen Sinauri da gareSe mtrebi,
is mixedviT) aseTia:
`...1922 wlis TebervalSi sruliad
saqarTvelos kaTalikozma ambrosim (qvey-
magram gamoiCina iseTi niWi da erovnuli SemoqmedebiTi energia, rom 3 wlis

Semdeg ganaTlebulma evropam scno misi
nebisyoflobiT miekedla erTmorwmune

ruseTs im imediT, rom misi mfarvelobis qveS saqarTvelo uzrunvelyofda
Tavis politikursa da erovnul arse-
dairRva Tu ara ruseTis imperiis xelovnuri mTlianoba, qarTvelma erma gamoacxada damoukidebloba da dauyov-
599
saxelmwifoebrivi unari da adgili uboZa
ba, misi samRvdeloeba ukiduresad dev-
saqarTvelos _ damoukidebel suverenul

politikur erTeulTa Soris. rasakvirve-
nilia, misi eklesia - es Zvelis ZvelTave

faqtori saqarTvelos erovnuli saxelm-
lia, amas ver Seurigdeboda misi batoni, mcire erTa mCagvreli ruseTi: man
dasZra saqarTvelos sazRvrebisaken saokupacio armia da 1921 wlis 25 Tebervals, usworo brZolaSi sisxlisagan
wifoebrivi amaRlebisa da Zlierebisa dRes ufleba ayrilia imdenad, rom nebac ara aqvs Tavisi SromiT, garjilobiT da unariT moipovos mudmivi saxsari arsebobisa. erTi sityviT, eri kvne-
daclil patara saqarTvelos xelmeored daadga kiserze iseTi mZime da sa-
sis, eri gminavs, magram saSualeba ara

aqvs xmis amoRebisa, am pirobebSi Cems
marcxvino monobis uReli, romlis msgavsi mas ar ganucdia Tavis mravalsaukunovan istoriaSi. okupantebi, mar-
mwyemsmTavrul movaleobaTa vracx kulturuli kacobriobis gasagonaT eTqva:

me, rogorc eklesiis warmomadgeneli,
Talia, lamoben Sin da gareT yvelani
ar Sevdivar politikuri cxovrebis sx-
daimowmon, rom maT gaaTavisufles da

gaabednieres saqarTvelo, magram, Tu ra
bednieraTa grZnobs Tavs qarTveli eri,
es yvelaze ukeT vuwyi me, misma suli-
vadasxva formebis dafasebasa da reglamentaciaSi, magram ar SemiZlia ar visurvo Cemi erisaTvis iseTi wyobileba,
romelic SedarebiT ufro metad Seuw-
erma mamam da dRes-dReobiT erTaderTma

namdvilma moZRvarma, romlis xelSicaa
am eris gulidan gamomavali idumali
Zafebi da romelsac uSualod esmis misi
yobs xels mis fizikur aRorZinebas da

kulturulad ganviTarebas. amitom viTxov: 1) dauyovnebliv gayvanil iqmnes
sa qa rT ve lo s s az Rv re bid an r us eT is
kvnesa da vaeba. Tamamad da gauzviadeblad vambob, rom is yovlad Seuferebeli eqsperimentebi, romelsac am ukanasknel wlebSi axdenen qarTveli eris
saokupacio jari da uzrunvelyofil

iqmnes misi miwa-wyali ucxoelTa Tare Sobisa da mZlavroba-motacebisagan. 2)
saSualeba mieces qarTvel ers TviTon,
zurgze, aucileblad miiyvans mas fizikurad gadaSenebis da sulierad gaveranebis da gaxrwnis karamde, - ers arTmeven mama-papaTa sisxliT da ZvlebiT
gapoxierebul miwa-wyals, romelsac ucx-
sxvaTa Zaldautanebliv da ukarnaxod,

moawyos Tavisi cxovreba ise, rogorc
es mas unda, SeimuSaos iseTi formebi
social-politikuri cxovrebisa, ro gorc mis fsiqikas, suliskveTebas, zne-
oeTidan SemoxiznulT urigeben: maTi wyalobiT isedac gaRatakebul ers - piridan hglejen misi sisxliTa da ofliT
Cveulebas da erovnul kulturas Seesabam eba.

sruli imedi maqvs, rom maRal pa-
moweul sarCos da gaugebaris siCqariT

imave ucxoeTSi miezidebian, ers ugmoben
da arTmeven mSobliur enas, mas uzRudaven wmidaTa wmidas - sarwmunoebriv
tivcemuli konferencia, romelsac miznad

dausaxavs gaarkvios udidesi problemebi kacobriobis cxovrebisa da daamyaros
qveyanaze samarTlianoba da Tavisufle-
grZnobas da sindisis Tavisuflebis droSis qveS nebas ar aZleven Tavisuflad

daikmayofilos religiuri moTxovnile-
ba, ar ugulebelyofs patara saqarTvelos elementarul moTxovnilebas, dRes

Cemi piriT warmoTqmuls, da daixsnis
600
mas Zalmomreobisa da samarcxvino monobis
miiRes gadawyvetileba TviTonve miexedaT
klanWebidan. kurTxeva uflisa iyos Tvenzeda da Tqvens keTilSobilur miswrafe-
saeklesio reformebis problemebisaTvis.
basa da muSaobaze. mdabali ambrosi patriarqi sruliad saqarTveloAsa. 7 Tebervali. Tbilisi~. 243
aRniSnuli mowodeba moTavsebuli iyo
imave welSi maisSi genuis gazeT `kaf-
6) 1922 w. 19 oqtombers sakaTalikoso sabWom daadgina: `1. cnobil iqnas

principulad, rom saqarTvelos eklesias esaWiroeba Seitanos Tavis wyobilebaSi Tanamedrove cxovrebis Sesaf-
ars~-Si, 24 4 romlis Sinaarsi winaswar

gamoZiebaze daadastura da Tavisi xe-
erisi cvli-lebebi da am cvlilebaTa

cxovrebaSi umtkivneulod gatarebisaTvis
liT daswera kaTolikozma ambrosim. amis

gamo saqarTvelos sagangebo komisiis mier
moxdenil winaswar gamoZiebiT gamoirk-
mas Seswevs sakuTari Zal-Rone~. 246 sabWom dasaxa Sesabamisi RonisZiebani, CarTo
masSi eparqiaTa mRvdelmTavrebi.
va, rom, garda kaTolikoz ambrosisa,
1923 wlidan daixura 600-ze meti
genuis konferenciisadmi mimarTul mowodebis SedgenaSi monawileobas iRebdnen sakaTalikozo sabWos wevrni: kalistrate cincaZe da sxvani. 245
eklesia, kaTalikos-patriarqi ambrosi

sistematurad dahyavdaT `CekaSi~ dakiTxvaze, igi gamoasaxles sakaTalikoso rezidenciidan, 1923 wlis 12 ianvars igi
me mo ra ndu mi s gag za vn is Se md eg
mTavrobam wamoiwyo Sesabamisi RonisZiebani eklesiis Sinagani danawevrebisa da
dasustebis mizniT, amitomac xelisufle-
daapatimres; patriarqTan erTad daapatimres sakaTalikoso sabWos wevrebi: dekanozebi - kalistrate cincaZe, ioseb
mirianaSvili, martSi daapatimres dek.
ba xels uwyobda e.w. `saeklesio cxovrebis reformatorebs~. sasuliero pirTa erTi

nawili ruseTSi opoziciaSi Caudga ruseTis sapatriarqo xelisuflebas, isini
markoz tyemalaZe. 1923 wlis ianvarSi

sakaTalikoso sabWom muSaoba Sewyvita.
dapatimrebis wina dRes 1923 wlis 11
ianvars patriarqi ambrosi Sexvda sakaTa-
moiTxovdnen saeklesio cxovrebis reformas, sinamdvileSi ki xelisufleba maTi

xeliT cdilobda eklesiis dasustebas,
kaTalikos-patriarq kalistrates mogonebebidan Cans, rom ruseTis e.w. `cocxali
likoso sabWos da miiRo gadawyvetileba

SemoeRo saqarTvelos eklesiis droebiTi
mmarTveloba, romelsac Tavmjdomared
daeniSna urbneli episkoposi qristefore.
dapatimrebuli iyvnen mitropoliti naz-
eklesia~ emuqreboda saqarTvelos eklesiis

avtokefalias, radganac am `cocxali eklesiis~ wevri qarTveli sasuliero pire-
ar leJava, arqimandriti pavle jafariZe,

diakvani dimitri lazariSvili, mRvdeli
anton ToTibaZe, nikoloz arjevaniZe, ni-
bi (reformatorebi) uSualod eqceodnen

am axali rusuli eklesiis iurisdiqciis
qveS. maT, rogorc iTqva, saqarTvelos
xelisufleba mfarvelobda. amitomac,
koloz TavdgiriZe.
saqarTvelos eklesiis droebiT mmarTvelobaSi iyvnen urbneli qristefore cicqiSvili, episkoposi daviT kaWaxiZe, mRvdle-
saqarTvelos eklesiis xelmZRvanelebma
bi svimon WeliZe, nestor yubaneiSvili,
saq me, f. 124-125; 244 s. f . 102-10 4; 245 k.p . kalistrate cincaZ e `mware mog onebani...~, xelnaweri,
gv. 15; 246 s. vardos aniZe, saqarT velos marTlmadidebel i ekle sia, 19 27-1952 wlebSi, gv. 34.
243
601
saero pirebi parmen goTua, ivane rat-
los kaTalikoz-patriarq ambrosis ga-
iSvili, ipolite varTagava, es iyo sakaTalikoso sabWos axali Canasaxi, dekanoz
mosvlas Semcdarad da arakanonikurad.

saWirod migvaCnia igi gadayenebul iqnes
giorgi gamrekelTan erTad. kaTalikospatriarqi kalistrate am jgufs uwodebda `sakaTalikoso sabWo #2~, gansxvavebiT `sakaTalikoso sabWo #1~-isagan,
romelic am dros dapatimrebuli iyo. 247
kaTalikoz-patriarqis Tanamdebobidan~,
magram krebam ar CaTvala saWirod patriarqis iZulebiTi gadayeneba (arc
gaaCnda amis uflebamosileba), aramed
molaparakeba kaTalikoz-patriarq ambrosisTan gadadgomis Sesaxeb. 248
1923 w. seqtembris das awyisSi
e.w. quTaisis krebebi
7) 1923 wlis 2-5 seqtembers Sedga

e.w. `quTaisis kreba~, romelic arawarmomadgenlobiTi iyo, igi warmoadgenda
mxolod quTaisis eparqiis morwmuneTa
da samRvdeloTa erT nawils, magram imis
gamo, rom krebas mxars uWerda xelisufleba (adgilobrivi organoebis saxiT)
da aqtiurad warmarTavda mis muSaobas,
am krebas didi mniSvneloba mieniWa. formalurad kreba moiwvies `saeklesio reformebis sainiciativo jgufis~ mowodebiT, sinamdvileSi ki mimarTuli iyo dapatimrebuli kaTalikos-patriarqisa da
sakaTalikoso sabWos gasatexad, raTa
maT `moenaniebinaT~ sabWoTa xelisuflebis win aaRm deg mim arTu li qmed ebeb i.
quTaisis krebis muSaobis warmmarTvelma episkoposma daviT kaWaxiZem da adgilobrivi xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebma krebas miaRebines aseTi gadawyvetileba: `dRes saqarTveloSi arsebuli sabWoTa xelisufleba aris erTa-
quTaisidan TbilisSi Casulma delegaciam

Txova patimar kaTalikos-patriarqs `Seetana mTavrobis winaSe gancxadeba, rom memorandumis gagzavna iyo Secdoma~. 249
1923 w. 9 seqtembers im sakaTalikoso sabWom, romelsac kalistrate uwodebs
`#2~-s, ganaCina - èTxovos kaTalikospatriarq ambrosis Tavisi adgili dauTmos sxva pirs~, 249 rac kaTalikos-patriarqma ar ineba. kalistrates cnobiT, 1923 wlis 7 seqtembers #2 sakaTalikoso sabWom Tavis pirvel sxdomaze
ganaCina - àRiarebul iqnes urbneli
episkoposi qristefore kaTalikos-patriarqis mosaydred droebiT~, 250 aRsaniSnavia, rom SemdgomSi patimrobidan gaTavisuflebisTanave kaTolikos-patriarqma
ambrosim mosaydred gamoirCia kalistrate, isicaa aRsaniSnavi, rom 1923 w.
9 seqtembers #2-ma sakaTalikoso sabWom (#1 dapatimrebuli iyo) daadgina:
àRdg enil iqnes tfilisis samRvdelmTavro kaTedra. kaTalikos-patriarqis mosaydreoba miekuTvnos tfilel
derTi kanonieri xelisufleba da qarTveli xalxis interesebis damcveli. Cven

movuwodebT yvela morwmunes, mxari dau-
mRvdelmTavars~, 250 igulisxmeboda qristefore. am dadgenilebas xels awerdnen

episkoposebi qristefore da daviTi. gaTavisuflebisTanave wm. ambrosim uaryo
Wiros mas. vacxadebT sruliad saqarTve-
tfilelis kaTe dris aR dgena,
247
249
xolo
k.p . kalistrate , `mware mogo nebani~, xel naweri, gv. 2; 248 s. vardos aniZe, dasax . naSr ., gv. 26;
k.p . kalistrate cincaZ e, `mware mog oneban i~, xel naweri, gv. 4; 250 iqv e, gv. 44.
602
qristefore gaistumra Tavis eparqiaSi.
ulia sisx. samar. kodeqsis 131 muxlSi
kalistrates cnobiT, dapatimrebul patriarqs xelisufleba upirebda daxvretas, magram radganac misgan moqmedi ekl es ii s m ma r Tv el o ba k a te go r iu la d
moiTxovda eklesiis gadarCenis mizniT
1) daumtkiceblobis gamo cnobil iqmnan

udanaSauloT~. 25 1
daTmobaze wasvlas `1924

patimarma ambrosim gazeT
cnobiT genuisadmi Tavis
domad aRiara. kaTalikosi
wlis martSi
`komunistis~
mimarTva Secda #1 sakaTa-
degi garemoebis gamo: 1924 wlis agvistoSi rusul-komunisturi dampyrobeli

xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg ajanyda qarTveli xalxi, romelSic, cxadia, sasulie-
likoso sabWos wevrebi gaasamarTles

1924 wlis martSi. maT miesajaT Semdegi sasjeli:
`1) besarion zosimes Ze xelaia Svidi weliwadi, cxra Tve da ocdasami
dRiT sastiki izolaciiT da mTeli qonebis konfiskaciiT.
2) iason kapanaZe - cxra wliT sastiki izolaciiT da mTeli misi qonebis
konfiskaciiT.
3) kalistrate mixeilis Ze cincaZe
- sami weliwadi, cxra Tve da ocdasami
dRiT sastiki izolaciiT da qonebis kon-
ro pirebic monawileobdnen. ajanyeba

damarcxda, daiwyo sastiki represiebi
daxvretebiTa da gadasaxlebebiT. bolSevikebs ukve miecaT mizezi, raTa qarTuli eklesia da qarTveli xalxis sulieri
kultura sabolood, Zirfesvianad gaenadgurebinaT. aseT dros eklesiis dacvis
mizniT aRniSnulma krebam miiRo dadgenileba: `Tbilisis qarTveli samRvdeloeba... diadi qristianuli principebisadmi
erTguli, iziarebs xelisuflebisadmi
morCilebis politikas, arc ideurad da
arc moqmedebiT ar iziarebs am sisx-
fiskaciiT.
4) nikoloz yaramanis Ze TavdgiriZe
- sami weliwadi, cxra Tve da ocdasami
dRiT sastiki izolaciiT da qonebis konfiskaciiT.
5) ioseb dimitris Ze mirianaSvili cxra Tve da ocdasami dRiT sastiki
lismRvrel da ZmaTa gamTiSvel gamosvlebs~. 252 am droisaTvis zogierTi cnobiT ukve daketili iyo 1000-ze meti
eklesia. imJamindeli moRvaweTa azriT,
ssrk-Si arsad iseTi devna ar ganucdia
eklesias da sasuliero wodebas, viTarca
saqarTveloSi. amas xazgasmiT miuTiTebd-
izolaciiT da qonebis CamorTmeviT.

6) markoz petres Ze tyemalaZe cxra TviT da ocdasami dRiT sastiki
izolaciiT da qonebis konfiskaciiT.
braldebuli dimitri ivanes Ze lazariSvili, rogorc udanaSaulo, savsebiT iqmnas ganTavisuflebuli.
msjavrdebulni kalistrate cincaZe,
ioseb mirianaSvili da anton ToTibaZe
im braldebaSi, romelic gaTvaliswineb-
nen jer kidev ajanyebamde mTavrobisadmi gagzavnil miTiTebebSi sxvadasxva

saeklesio pirebi, erTi aseTi iyo episkoposi qristefore, romelsac ase Tu ise
mTavroba SedarebiT endoboda. amiT sargeblobda qristefore da mTavrobis winaSe
mudam ayenebda qarTuli eklesiis devnaganadgurebis sakiTxs, meore mxriv, sasuliero pirebs mouwodebda loialuri
midgoma gamoeCinaT mTavrobis mimarT.
251
8) 1924 wlis 25-26 seqtembers Sedga

Tbilisis olqis samRvdeloebis kreba Sem-
kaToliskos-patriarqi kalistrate, mware mogonebani, iqve, gv. 51;
252
s. vardosaniZe, dasax. naSr., gv. 16.
jer kidev 1923 wlis oqtombris
TveSi im sakaTalikoso sabWom, romlis
lideric qristefore iyo, patriarqis
patimrobis gamo, episkopos daviT kaWaxiZis iniciativiT gamoitana dadgenileba - `mTavroba eklesiisadmi mtrul
pozicias ar Secvlis Tu kaTalikozi
ambrosi ar gamoacxadebs Semcdarad da
eklesiisadmi mavneblur nabijad Tavis
memorandums~, 253 imave wels xelisuflebam Caatara e.w. `samRvdeloebis konferencia~, sadac sulierad gatexili sasuliero pirebi gmobdnen qristianul
sarwmunoebas, gautexelT ki mTavroba
sxvadasxva xerxiT sjida. eklesiis usastikesi devna mouTmeneli iyo, amitomac, qarTveli xalxis ajanyebis erTerTi mizez i 1924 wels, esec iyo.
gaiTvaliswina ra yovelive, 1924 wlis
20 oqtombers, ajanyebis CaxSobis Semdeg, saqarTvelos eklesiis droebiTma
mmarTvelobam episkopos qristefores
meTaurobiT ganacxada - `vaRiareb sabWoTa xelisuflebas, romelic warmatebiT xelmZRvanelobs qarTveli eris kultu rul -eko nomiku r d a er ovn ul
aRorZinebas, vgmob 1924 wlis agvistos
avanturas~, amave dros sakaTalikoso
sabWom mTavrobas wauyena Tavisi moTxovnebi punqtebis saxiT, raTa aRar daxuruliyo eklesiebi, Sewyvetiliyo sasuliero pirTa devna, dabrunebodaT maT
miwis norma, aRar gamoesaxlebinaT isini TavianTi binebidan, udanaSaulod dapatimrebulni ki gaeTavisuflebinaT cixeebidan. am mimarTvas urbnel qristeforesTan erTad xels awerdnen quTaTeli daviTi, baTum-Semoqmedeli nestori,
episkoposi simoni.
saqarTvelos ssr saxalxo komisarTa sabWosadmi gagzavnil sakaTalikoso
253
s. vardos aniZe, dasax. naSr., gv, 50;
254
603
sabWos am werilSi `pirvelad oficialurad dafiqsirda, rom saqarTvelos eklesia aRiarebda sabWoTa xelisuflebas, mis gansakuTrebul rols qveynis
ku ltu rul -ek ono mi kur da er ovn ul
aRorZinebaSi~. 25 4
Cvenamde moRweulia mTavrobisadmi
gagzavnili ramdenime mimarTva, romelSic episkoposi qristefore dabejiTebiT Txovda xelisuflebas patimrobidan gaeTavisuflebina moxuci patriarqi ambrosi.
oficialuri xelisufleba qarTul
ierarqias yofda or jgufad, erTi antisabWourad ganwyobili kaTalikosis meTaurobiT patimrobaSi iyo, meores ki,
romelic im momentisaTvis realurad
imyofeboda eklesiis saTaveSi `droebiTi mmarTvelobis~ saxiT, mieniWa, ase
vTqvaT, `loialurad ganwyobilTa~ statusi da aRniSnuli gancxadebebis Semdeg faqtobrivad mieniWaT ufleba emarTa qarTuli eklesia. magram, ajanyebiT
SeSfoTebulma mTavrobam ineba garkveul
kompromisebze wasvla da 1925 wlis
pirvel naxevarSi patimrobidan gaaTavisufla patriarqi ambrosi da sakaTalikoso sabWos wevrebi, magram sul ramdenime xanSi isini CamoaSores eklesiis
xelmZRvanelobas, 1926-1927 wlebSi.
9) iqamde, 1925 wlis 2 ianvars, Sedga

religiur sazogadoebaTa warmomadgenlebis kreba T. saxokias TavmjdomaroebiT. krebas eswreboda Semdegdroindeli
kaTalikosi melqisedek fxalaZe. krebam
daadgina: èpiskoposma qristeforem TviTneburad miiTvisa mosaydris saxelwodeba. ukanonod, kooperaciis wesiT mowveul
wevrTagan Seadgina sakaTalikoso sabWo.
ukanonod mowveulma sabWos wevrebma
iqv e, gv. 61.
604
misces mitropolitoba. krebam daadgina:

g a m oe c x a d o s u n d o b l ob a e p i s ko p o s
qristefores, igi gaSvebul iqnes urbnisSi, xolo TbilisSi darCes wilkneli
episkoposi pavle (jafariZe)~.
kalistrates sityviT, patimrobidan
e.w. `gamosasworebeli saxlidan~ gaTavisuflebuli kaTalikos-patriarqi ambrosi Tavis adgils daubrunda. man 1925
wlis 10 ivniss winadadeba misca sakaTalikoso sabWos gamoeca gankarguleba,
raTa `samRvdeloeba ar ereodes politikur saqmeSi~. 255 episkoposi qristefore,
kalistrates sityviT, `miiqca eparqiaSi~, e.i. CamoSorda eklesiis mmarTvelobas.
1925 wlis 9 oqtombers ambrosim winadadeba misca sabWos misi avadmyofobis anda patimrobis SemTxvevaSi, gamoeCina romelime mRvdelmTavari da daeniSna igi mosaydred. 1925 wlis 10 oqtombers mmarTvelma episkoposebma (viTarca sakaTalikoso sabWos mudmivma
wevrebma) ganaCines `sakaTalikoso sabWos awindeli Semadgenloba cnobil iqnas kanonikurad axal arCevnebamde~. 25 6
1925 wlis 31 oqtombers patriarqma dek.
kalistrate cincaZe akurTxa ninowmidel
episkoposad, mianiWa mitropolitis wodeba da daniSna kaTalikos-patriarqis mosaydred. es mouTmeneli iyo zemoaRniSnul meore frTisaTvis, amitomac amis
sapa suxod maT 19 26 wel s moiw vies
quTaisSi e.w. `saeklesio yriloba~, mimarTuli patriarqisa da sakaTalikoso
sabWos winaaRmdeg. 1925 wlis Semodgomaze akurTxes 5 axali episkoposi melqisedeki, stefane, kalistrate, aleqsi
da varlami.
10) mitropolit nazaris daxvretis

Semdeg quTaisis kaTedris Tavis xelSi
255
k.p . kalistrate , mware mogon ebani, gv. 4 4;
256
aReba SeZlo iqamde alaverdelma episkoposma daviT kaWaxiZem, romelic TiTqmis

aSkarad emxroboda ruseTSi xelisuflebis mier gaZlierebul `cocxal eklesias~, es ukanaskneli upirispirdeboda
ruseTis sapatriarqo eklesias da moiTxovda kardinalur saeklesio reformebs.
episkoposi daviTi qarTuli eklesiis gadarCenis mizniT moiTxovda kaTalikos
ambros is Camo Sor ebas ek lesi is
mmarTvelobisagan mis momxre ierarqebTan erTad, adgenda `reformis programebsa~ da cirkularebs, gaaCnda daxmareba
xelis ufalTa m xridan. sapatimr odan
gaTavisuflebis Semdeg wm. ambrosim gadawyvita quTaisidan episkopos daviTis sxva
eparqiaSi gadayvana, miT umetes, rom
daviTs quTaisSi mowinaaRmdegeebic hyavda,
mosurneni misi quTaisidan wasvlisa. am
ukanasknelebma 1925 wlis 30 noembers
mTavarangelozTa eklesiaSi mowveul
krebaze winaaRmdegoba gauwies daviTis
r e fo r m e bs , S em d g o m x e l is u f l eb i s
mxardaWeriT daviTis momxreebma xalxis
saxeliT kategoriulad uari ganacxades SeesrulebinaT patriarqis neba. TbilisSi sakaTalikoso sabWoSi daviTs
mxars uWerda qristefore da sxvebic.
miuxedavad amisa, sakaTalikoso sabWom
1926 wlis 1 dekembers miiRo gadawyvetileba episkopos daviTis awyuris
eparqiaSi gadayvanisa. amis sapasuxod,
1926 wlis 21 dekembers Sedga quTaisis
eparqiis kreba, romelmac moiTxova daviTis eparqiaSi datoveba. 24 dekembers
quTaisis eparqiis samRvdeloebam daviTs
mitropolitis wodeba mianiWa, daviTma
depeSiT auwya patriarqs, rom wyvetda
masTan kavSirs. 1926 wlis 24-25 dekembers quTaisSi Sedga e.w. `saeklesio
yriloba~, romelsac eswrebodnen xe iqv e, gv. 45.
605
lisuflebasTan loialuri kursis mo-
sakaTalikoso sabWos kancelariisa da
mxre sasuliero pirebi mitropolitebi

_ qristefore da daviTi, episkoposebi
_ ioane, simoni, nestori da stefane,
cnobili dekanozebi - TiTqmis mTeli
saqarTvelodan, saero pirTagan k. kekeliZe, s. gorgaZe, a. SaniZe, trifon jafariZe da sxvebi, sul 77 kaci. krebam
gamosca epistole `sruliad saqarTvelos morwmuneTa mimarT~, masSi àRniS-
tfilisis saeklesio sanTlis qarxana;

v. yvela is sasuliero Tanamdebobaze myofni pirni, romelnic ar daemorCilebian saqarTvelos eklesiis droebiT gamgeobas, iTvlebian daTxovnilad;
z. episkoposi daviTi, rogorc usamarTlod dasjili sakaTalikoso sabWos

mier mawyverelis kaTedraze gadayvaniT,
datovebul iqmnes quTaTel mRvdelTmTavrad Tanaxmad 1926 wlis 21 dekembris
quTaisis saeparqio krebis dadgenilebisa, mitropolitis xarisxze ayvaniT;
T. sruliad saqarTvelos droebiT
gamgeobas evaleba moiwvios 1927 w.
sruliad saqarTvelos IV saeklesio
kreba. drois gansazRvra am krebisaTvis,
masalebis damzadeba da sxva. 259
mitropolit qristefores 1927 wlis
28 Tebervlis SefasebiT quTaisis krebam `gadaayena sakaTalikoso sabWo da
mis nacvlad daaarsa sruliad saqarTvelos eklesiis droebiTi mmarTveloba,
romelic ukve Seudga eklesiis marTvagamgeobas... arsebuli xelisuflebisagan
gamocemuli dekretebisa da gankargulebaTa farglebSi~. igi xelisuflebas mimarTavda ukve viTarca eklesiis mmarTveli. sabWoTa xelisuflebam miaRwia Tavis
mizans - `kanonieri gziT~, saeklesio
krebis meSveobiT eklesias CamoaSora misTvis miuRebeli sakaTalikoso sabWo,
riTac patriarqs mouspo eklesiis marTvis realuri saSualeba, Tumca iqamde,
1926 wlis 20 dekembers quTaisis kreba
kaTolikos-patriarqma ambrosim ukanonod gamoacxada da misi dadgenilebani
baTilad cno. quTaisis krebis organizebaSi monawileobda cnobili bolSeviki `revolucioneri~ valia baxtaZe da
nulia sakaTalikoso sabWos ukanono moqmedeba~ da amitom misi gadayenebis aucilebloba. 25 7

quTaisis `krebis~ dadgenileba Semdegia:258
à. sruliad saqarTvelos sakaTalikoso sabWos dRevandeli wevrebi, 1924
w. vadagasulni, gadayenebul iqmnen;
b. kaTolikoz-patriarqi ambrosi rCeba

Tavis adgilze da misi saxeli moixsenieba
saqarTvelos eklesiebSi rogorc dRemde;
g. sakaTolikozo sabWos nacvlad,
saeklesio krebis mowvevamde, arsdeba
tfilisSi sruliad saqarTvelos eklesiis
droebiTi gamgeoba. Semdegi SemadgenlobiT: Tavmjdomare mitropoliti qristefore, misi TanaSemwe episkopozi stefane, gamgeobis wevrni: ep. alaverdisa,
ep. urbneli, dek. xaxutaSvili, kandelaki,
nestor maWavariani, moqalaqeni: konstantine svimoniSvili, eqimi gaCeCilaZe,
gagua; mdivans, mis TanaSemwes da sameurneo saqmis gamgeobas irCevs TviT droebiTi gamgeoba;
d. droebiT gamgeobas ufleba eZleva
kooptaciiT moiwvios Tavis wevrebis Semadgenlobis SesavsebaT eklesiisaTvis
sasargeblo pirebi;
e. sruliad saqarTvelos droebiT gamgeobas evaleba Caibaros sakaT. sabWos
yovelive sabuTebi, Tanxebi, inventari
257
k.p . kalistrate, `mwar e mogo nebani~, gv. 1;
258
iqv e, damateba #13;
259
iqv e, gv. 50.
606
quTaisis partorganizacia. xelisufal-
lesias, aRsaniSnavia, rom Tbilisis av-
T a m ie r Z a l m i c em u l m a ` d r oe b i T m a
mmarTvelobam~, marTalia, kaTalikos-pa-
labris eklesiis winamZRvari qristefore iyo.
triarqad aRiara ambrosi xelaia, magram Zveli sakaTalikoso sabWos gauqmebis

mizniT moiTxova kaTalikos-patriarqs
`Caebarebina kancelariidan saqmeebi~.
droebiTi mmarTvelobis liderebma qristeforem da daviTma 1927 wlis 4 ianvars
ruseTis eklesiis mmarTveli sinodis mier, saqarTvelos eklesiis

avtokefaliis aRiareba 1927 wels
miiwvies milicia da daluqes kancelaria, 5 i anvar s mil icii s saS uale biT
Caibares `saqmeebi da kancelaria~. 260 eklesiis `droebiTma mmarTvelobam~, kal-
11) 1927 wlis Tebervlis TveSi moxda saqarTvelos eklesiisaTvis Zalze
istrates sityviT, 1927 wlis 22 marts

Tavis #51 dadgenilebiT uwmidesi am-
mniSvnelovani faqti, misi avtokefalia

aRiara ruseTis eklesiis mmarTvelma sinodma. es istoriuli gadawyvetileba
brosi `gaaTavisufla saqmeTa warmoebisagan~, rac mas gamoucxades 23 marts,
ruseTis eklesiis mier miRebuli iqna

kaTalikos-patriarq ambrosis, sakaTali-
25-Si patriarqs dambla daeca. 27-Si

goneba dakarga, 29 marts gardaicvala.
koso sabWos (wmida sinodis) da misi

aqtiuri wevris mitropolit qristefores
am cnobas gvawvdis mitropoliti kalistrate 1927 wlis 25 aprils dawer-
Rvaw lis Sede gad. Cv en mkiTx vels

mivawvdiT ruseTis wmida sinodis mier
il Tavis `mware mogonebebSi~. am dros

i gi m it r op ol it is xa ri sx S i my of i
winamZRvrobda Tbilisis qaSueTis ek-
gamocemul rusul teqstebs, romelic

Semonaxulia mitropolit kalistrates
nawerebSi. 26 1
:

, . 30 5 1927 .,
: ,
- , .
, ,
, , ..
. . ;
,
.
: ,
, ,
260
k.p . kalistrate, `mwar e mogo nebani~, gv. 9;
261
mware mogo nebani, xelnawe ri, gv. 56.
607
,
-, M - ,
, ,
, ,
-, -,
, , .
, . . , . . ,
. . , . . , . . ,
. . ... . .
.
,
, , -,
- . .
: ,
( 1920.),
- 28 1925 ,
. 6 1925 ,
2 1925 ,
12 1925 , 12
1926 , .
4 1927 , . 11 1927
, 9 1927 ,
-

. . 10 1927 :
( 4 ),
, ( 2 ),
( 1053 1810 .), .
`
-

: .
... ..
, ,
.
.
, 3 1927 :

... :

. 26 2
262
.... 1927 . 2, . 18, 14, 11, 9.
608
mitropoliti kalistrate ase gad-
18 11 wels, magram igi aRadgina imave
mogvcems am faqtis istorias, 1926 wlis

4 noembers konstantinopolis patriarq-
ruseTis mTavrobam 1917 wels, arc erT
ma mimarTa ruseTis sinods: ùaxloes

droSi damyardes normaluri kanonikuri
urTierToba uwmides sinodsa da saqarTvelos kaTalikoss Soris~, ruseTis eklesiam daavala baqos mitropolit petres
aRmosavleTis patriarqs ar daudasturebia saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis

SeCereba, amitomac àxla saWiro ar aris
aRmosavleTis patriarqebis gansakuTrebuli aqti saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis cnobisaTvis~ (mitr. kalis-
ewarmoebina molaparakeba saqarTvelos

eklesiasTan. 1926 wlis 25 dekembers
trate, `mware mogonebani~, gv. 31). kaTalikos-patriarq kalistrates ar miaCn-
kaTalikos-patriarq ambrosis ewvia baqos
da saWirod konstantinopolis eklesi-
mitropoliti petre. mas ruseTis sinodis mier davalebuli hqonda moemzade-
is mier axali dadgenilebebis miReba

saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis cno-
bina moxseneba, Tu rogor unda aRdge-
bisaTvis. Tavis mxriv, mitropoliti
niliyo kanonikuri urTierToba or eklesias Soris. mitropolitma kalistratem
qristeforec erT-erTi mTavari monawile iyo ruseTis wmida sinodis mier
am Sexvedrisas ganacxada, rom uZvelesi
1927 wlis 8 Tebervals saqarTvelos
avtokefalia saqarTvelos eklesiisa, marTalia, Sewyvita ruseTis saero mTavrobam
eklesiis avtokefaliis dadasturebisa.

man gamosca kidec es dokumenti:
ruseTis eklesiis sinodis 1927 wlis 25 Tebervlis

#825 mimarTva
kaTalikos-patriarq ambrosisadmi
mis uwmidesobas, kaTalikos-patriarqs saqarTvelo Q sas ambrosis
ruseTis marTlmadidebel eklesiis samRvdelo sinodi amasTanave ugzavnis Tqvens
uwmid esobas saq arTvelos e klesiis av tokefalob is cnobis aqts, 1927 wlis
8 Tebervals miRebuls, rogorc niSans erTmorwmune saqarTvelos eklesiasTan
Zmur urTierTobis ganmtkicebis gulwrfel Taviss survilisas da gamosTqvams
rwmenas, rom aseTi urTierToba momavalSi arafriT ar daiCrdileboda.
Tavis mxriT, samRvdelo sinodi marTlmadidebel ruseTis eklesiisa sTxovs
Tqvens uwmidesobas aRmouCinos Tqveni mamobrivi mzrunveloba rus marTlmadidebel samrevloebs saqarTveloSi da afxazeTSi maT mosawyobad maTis saeklesio
cxovrebis nacionalur elferis daurRvevlad.
Tavmjdomare sinodisa mitropoliti leningradisa beniamini .
administraciuli ganyofilebis gamge moskovis mitropoliti serafime .
mdivani _ wevri sinodisa profesori zarini .
609
aqti saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefalobis cnobisa

ruseTis marTlmadidebel eklesiis samRvdelo sinodis wevrTa saerTo krebam,
romelic Sesdga 30 ianvridan 5 Tebervlamde 1927 welSi Semdeg pirTagan: Tavmjdomare samRvdelo sinodisa beniamini, mitropoliti leningradisa da CrdilodasavleTis mxrisa, prezidiumis wevrebi: serafime, mitropoliti moskovisa, mitropoliti aleqsandre, apologeti-keTilmauwyebeli, nikolozi _ mTavarepiskoposi gdovisa, protopresviteri p. n. krasotini da profesori s. m. zarini;
warmomadgeneli msoflio patriarqisa da sinael mTavarepiskopozisa arqimandriti
basil dimopulo; warmomadgeneli aleqsandriis patriarqisa arqimandriti pavle
katapodisi; wevri samRvdelo sinodisa: warmomadgeneli beloruseTis sinodisa
mogiliovisa da beloruseTis mitropoliti iosebi, aleqsi _ mitropoliti
yirimisa, petre _ mitropoliti novosibirskisa, petre _ mitropoliti baqosi
da amierkavkasiisa, konstantine _ mitropoliti rostovisa da Crdilo kavkasiisa,
basili _ mitropoliti vladivastokisa da Soreul-aRmosavleTis mxarisa, sergi
_ mitropoliti sverdlovskisa da uralis mxarisa, kornili _ mitropoliti
voroneJisa, anatoli _ mitropoliti astraxanisa, vitali _ mitropoliti
tulisa, nikolozi _ mitropoliti taSkentisa, mixeili _ mitropoliti yubanSavizRvispirisa, ioane _ mTavarepiskoposi stalingradisa, giorgi _ mTavarepiskoposi kalugisa, mixeili _ mTavarepiskoposi lugisa, protopresviteri a. i.
boiarski, dekanozi n. g. popovi, dekanozi p. v. raevski, dekanozi t. d. popovi,
dekanozi d. a. adamovi, dekanozi m. a. knizavski, dekanozi a. p. endeka da prof. b. v.
titlinovi.
komisiam, moskovis mitropolit serafimes TavmjdomareobiT da Semdeg pirTa SemadgenlobiT: petre _ mitropoliti Crdilo kavkasiisa, mixeili _ mitropoliti yubani-SavizRvispirisa, petre _ mTavarepiskoposi kavkasiisa da
Tergis eparqiis dek. m. a. knizavskisa, ganixila Semdegi dokumentebi:
epistole sruliad saqarTvelos kaTalikos-patriarqis uwmides leonidisa
(tfilisi 1920 w.), werili saqarTvelos kaTalikos-patriarqis moadgilesi urbnel mitropolit qristeforesi, 1925 wlis 28 ianvars; pasuxi samRvdelo sinodisa mitropolit qristefores, 1925 wlis 6 aprilis, samRvdelo sinodisagan;
saqarTvelos patriarqs, 1925 wlis 2 noembris; werili kaTalikos-patriarqis
ambrosisa, 1925 wlis 12 noembris; moxseneba sinodisadmi imierkavkasiis samitropolito mmarTvelobisagan, 1927 wlis 4 ianvris; dadgenileba samRvdelo sinodisa, 1927 wlis 11 ianvris; angariSi imierkavkasiis mitropolitis mdgomareobaze, 1927 wlis 19 ianvris; telegrama mitropolit qristeforesi, 1927 wlis
1 Tebervlis; pasuxi samRvdelo sinodis kaTalikos-patriarqis moadgilesi; soxumis
610
mitropolit qristeforesi, 1927 w. 1 Tebervlis da daaskvna: yurad viRebT ra

saqarTvelos eklesiis siZveles (I V s-is dasawyisi), mis simtkices ucxo sarwmunoebaTa winaaRmdeg brZolaSi mis mravalricxovnebas (2 milion wevramde) mis
avtokefalobas warsulSi (1053 wlidan 1810 wlamde), ukve gamocxadebul gadawyvetilebas samRvdelo sinodisas `mieniWos s.s.r.k. xalxebs Tavisufleba Tavis
eklesiur cxovrebis mowyobaSi da vscnobT saqarTvelos eklesiis udavo uflebas avtokefalobaze da warvudgenT samRvdelo sinodis wevrTa krebas dasamtkiceblad Semdeg dadgenilebas: `cnobil iqmnes saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaloba. tfilisisa da soxumis eparqiebi aRar iTvlebodes samRvdelo sinodis
uwyebaSi. sakiTxi maTis gacemis Sesaxeb gadawydes saqarTvelos sakaTalikososTan
momarTvis Semdeg ise, rom rusTa marTlmadidebel samrevloebs SeenaxoT saeklesio cxovrebis rusuli elferi~.
aRniSnuli daskvna komisiisa samRvdelo sinodis wevrTa saerTo krebam miiRo
erTxmad.
aRsasruleblad amisa samRvdelo sinodma 8 Tebervals 1927 wlisas daadgina: Sesdges
calke aqti saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefalobis cnobis saqmeze da waredginos igi
aRmosavleTis marTlmadidebel patriarqebs da saqarTvelos eklesias. inebos RmerTman,
raTa hyvaodes ukunisamde uZvelesi qristianuli saqarTvelos avtokefaluri eklesia
SekavSirebuli marTlmadidebeli qristes mTel eklesiasTan mSvidobianobiTa da siyvaruliTa.
samRvdelo sinodis Tavmjdomare mitropoliti leningradisa da yovlisa CrdiloeT-dasavleTis mxarisa - beniamini.
wevrni sinodisa: serafime - mitropoliti moskovisa. RvTismetyvelebis
doqtori mitropoliti al. evelenski apologet-keTilmauwyebeli. protoprosviteri p. krasotini , mdivani - wevri sinodisa prof. zarini . 263
ruseTis eklesiam orjer cno oficialurad saqarTvelos eklesiis avtoke-
unda yofiliyo is, rom 1927 wels ruseTis eklesias ar hyavda patriarqi (tix-
falia, pirvelad 1927 wlis TebervalSi, meored ki 1943 wlis oqtomberSi.
onis gardacvalebis Semdeg xelisuflebam ar misca ufleba saeklesio krebis
SeiZleba iTqvas, rom meore cnoba em-
mowvevisa) da mas marTavda e.w. `sam-
yareboda pirvels. meored cnobis mizezi
Rvdelo sinodi~.
263
saq arTvelo s sakaT alikoso sinodis uwye baTa kr ebuli, 1927 w. gv. 25-27.
611
sruliad saqarTvelos eklesiis
saydre - mitropoliti qristefores
IV kreba
TavmjdomareobiT, arCeul iqnen: quTaTelgenaTeli mitropoliti daviTi, urbneli
12) 1927 wlis ivnisis 21, dilis 10

saaTi, sionis taZarSi Sedga sruliad
saqarTvelos eklesiis IV kreba, romelsac daeswo 65 delegati - sasuliero da
saero pirni saqarTvelos yvela kuTxidan
da maT Soris saqarTvelos eklesiis yvela mRvdelTmTavarni. krebis gaxsnis win
gadaxdil iqna yovlad samRvdelo simeon urbnelis mier paraklisi da panaSvidi RvTivgansvenebul kaTalikoz-patriarqis ambrosis sulis mosaxsenieblad.
Semdeg amisa, saeklesio krebis Tavmjdomare, mitropoliti qristefore miesalma
krebas Sesaferisi sityviT da kreba gamoacxada gaxsnilad. krebis gaxsnis Semdeg
Tavmjdomarem winadadeba misca krebas
fexze adgomiT pativi ecaT gansvenebul
kaTalikoz-patriarqis ambrosisaTvis, rac
krebis mier Sesrulebul iqna.
Tavmjdomaris winadadebiT arCeul
iqna prezidiumi da samandato komisia.
prezidiumSi, kaTalikoz-patriarqis mo-
episkoposi simeoni, p. a. goTua da iakob

kostava; mdivnebad: dek. i. lukaSvili,
dek. g. javeliZe, s. e. kontriZe da b. g.
iremaZe. samandato komisiaSi arCeul iqnen:
dek. i. wereTeli, dek. n. kandelaki da
paiWaZe.
Semdeg amisa, krebas moxsenda droebiTi mmarTvelobis mier warmodgenili
reglamenti, romelic miRebul iqmna
zogierTi SesworebiT.
misalmeba saeklesio krebisa mTavrobisadmi, 1927 w. 22 ivniss
`sruliad saqarTvelos caks!
saqarTvelos sabWoTa xelisuflebis damyarebis Semdeg, meored Semdgari
sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio kreba
miesalmeba s.s.s.r-is caks da usurvebs
mas warmatebas im mravalnair nayofier
aRmSeneblobiTs muSaobaSi, romelic gansakuTrebulis intensivobiT swarmoebs
saqarTveloSi dRes~.
sruliad saqarTvelos
IV saeklesio krebis deklaracia, miRebuli 24 ivniss
saqarTvelos eklesiis I V saeklesio kreba, mowv euli q. tfilisSi a.w.
(1927) ivnisis 21 , sabWoTa xelisuflebis saqarTveloS i damyarebis Semdeg meored, sTvlis Tavis Tavs valdebulad saqarTve los eklesiis saxeliT ganacxados Semdegi:
`saqarTvelos sabWoTa respublikis konstituciiT, eklesia gamoyofilia
saxelmwifodan da mas aqvs moqmedebis da sarwmunoebis propagandis sruli
Tavisufleba. am debulebiT ganisazRvreba damokidebuleba eklesiasa da saxelmwifos Soris. eklesia ar ereva politikaSi. amas avalebs mas TviT uflis
ieso qristes moZRvreba: `mieciT keisrisa keisarsa da RvTisa - RmerTsa~ (maT.
22, 21). mociquli pavle ityvis: `yovelive davmorCileT uzenaesTa xelisu-
612
flebaTa; ar aris xelisufleba RvTisa gareSe, arsebulni xelisuflebani

RvTisagan arian ganwesebulni. amisaTvis xelisufalTa mowinaaRmdegeni arian
winaaRmdegni RvTis ganCinebisa, xolo mowinaaRmdegeni TviT miiReben sasjelsa~ (rom. 13, 1-2).
I V saeklesio kreba xazs usvamsra amas da umTavresad ki - eklesiis Caurevlobas politikaSi, kategoriulad acxadebs, rom saqarTvelos eklesiis warmomadgenelT ar SeuZliaT iqonion araviTari kavSiri saxelmwifos sawinaaRmdego partiebTan da jgufebTan da hgmobs maT moqmedebas, romelic mimarTuli iqneba sabWoTa saqarTvelos da mis mokavSire erebis mSvidobian cxovrebis winaaRmdeg. saqarTvelos eklesiis I V kreba aRiarebs, rom arc saqarTvelos eklesiis III krebas da arc mRvdelmTavarTa krebas ar dauvalebia aravisaTvis gagzavna sabWoTa mTavrobis saprotesto memorandumisa genuis konferenciisadmi, da rom es nabiji, gadadgmuli 1922 w, gamodga sabediswero
saqarTvelos eklesiisaTvis, gaarTula damokidebuleba misi xelisuflebasTan,
romelic gelaTis saeklesio krebis dros da Semdegac iCenda saqarTvelos
eklesiisadmi srul loialobas.
I V saeklesio kreba adasturebs, rom saqarTveloSi sabWoTa xelisuflebis damyarebis Semdeg, kulturul-ekonomikuri aRorZineba nacionalur niadagze
viTardeba warmatebiT, vidre mis winamorbed reJimebis xanaSi.
I V saeklesio krebas ar SeuZlia ar miaqcios yuradReba gazeTebSi moTavsebul cnobebs Sesaxeb imisa, rom qarTvel politikur emigrantebs - n.
Jordaniasa da n. ramiSvilis meTaurobiT - hyoliaT warmomadgenlebi romis
papTan da kenterberiis mTavarepiskoposTan.
kreba kategoriulad acxadebs, rom saqarTvelos eklesiis pasuxismgebel
pirT araviTari davaleba an rwmunebuleba ar miuciaT qarTvel emigrantebisaTvis - awarmoon raime molaparakeba romis papTan da anglikanur eklesiasTan; da rom aseT cdebs qoneboda adgili saqarTvelos eklesiis romelime
warmomadgenlis mxriv, maSin kreba iZulebuli iqneboda ganekveTa igi saqarTvelos eklesiidan.
saqarTvelos eklesia iyo da aris aRmosavleT eklesiis marTlmadideblobis aRsarebis niadagze da icavs Tavis damoukideblobas (avtokefalias) yvela sxva eklesiisagan da arc fiqrobs marTlmadidebel eklesiis romelime
doRmatis Secvlas.
amasTan erTad saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesia, romelic qadagebs
mSvidobianobas, veraviTar SemTxvevaSi ver Seurigdeba im faqts, TiTqos romis da anglikanur eklesiebis meTaurni iWeren kavSirs antisabWoTa partiebis da jgufebis warmomadgenlebTan, romelnic cdiloben xelmeored daarRvion qarTvelTa mSvidobiani cxovreba.
es deklaracia ecnobos saqarTvelos sabWoTa respublikis mTavrobas da
gadaeces presis warmomadgenlebs~.
613
saeklesio krebis dadgenileba 22 ivnisisa

kaTalikos-patriarqis mosaydris mitropolit qristefores
moxsenebisa gamo: `saqarTvelos eklesiis mdgomareoba
gelaTis saeklesio krebidan
IV saeklesio krebamde (1921-1927 ww.)~
`sruliad saqarTvelos I V saeklesio krebam moismina moxseneba kaTalikos-patriarqis mosaydris mitropolit qristeforesi saqarTvelos eklesiis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb gelaTis saeklesio krebidan (1921 w.) vidre dRevandel krebamde da ganmartebani yof. mosaydris mitropolit kalistratesi,
mRvdelmTavarTa - stefanesi, melqisedekisa, pavlesi, svimonisa, dekanozTa kandelakisa, fofxaZisa, xaxutaSvilisa, maWaraSvilisa; moqalaqeTa - ratiSvilisa, svimoniSvilisa da sxv. da daadgina:
1. moxseneba, rogorc eklesiis viTarebis dawvrilebiT da sworad gamomxatveli, cnobil iqmnas sruliad damakmayofileblad.
2. amasTanave I V saeklesio kreba gamosTqvams Tavis Rrma mwuxarebas, rom:
a) Seqmnili pirobebisa da kaTalikos-patriarqis avadmyofobisa gamo
saqarTvelos eklesiis mesveurTa Soris hqonda adgili uTanxmoebas, rac xels
uSlida eklesiis mdgomareobis gaumjobesebas axali Zala-uflebisa da axal
garTulebul mdgomareobis dros.
b) zogierTni pirni, romelnic ar iyvnen uzenaes mmarTvelobis wevrni da
arc uflebamosilni saeklesio krebis mier, mainc ereodnen uzenaes mmarTvelobis saqmeebSi, acxadeben eklesiis meTaurTa gadayenebas gazeTSi da kidev ufro
arTuleben eklesiis mdgomareobas.
g) ar iqna mowveuli saeklesio kreba 1926 w. arc mowveuli iyo Tavis droze
mRvdelmTavarTa krebebi, ramac gamoiwvia samRvdeloebis nawilSi ukmayofileba.
3. I V saeklesio kreba gamosTqvams Rrma rwmenas da moiTxovs, rom:
a) amieridan saqarTvelos eklesiis mesveurTa Soris moispos yovelive SuRli da uTanxmoeba, yvelam, morwmune eris kacebTan erTad, SeTanxmebulad xeli
Seuwyos saqarTvelos eklesiis Wrilobebis gamTelebas, eklesiis ganmtkicebas
da warmatebas.
b) momavali uzenaesi organo, romelsac airCevs saeklesio kreba mtkiced
daicavs krebis mier miRebul debulebas, aucilebliv moiwvevs Tavis droze
saeklesio krebas, mRvdelmTavarTa sxdomebs da sastikad gaatarebs cxovrebaSi saeklesio disciplinas da Seudgeba energiulad gegmian da SeTanxmebul
muSaobas eklesiis da saqarTvelos eris sakeTildReod~.
614
saeklesio krebis 24 ivnisis dadge-
sabWoTa xelisuflebisadmi loialuria,
nileba - saqarTvelos eklesiaSi axali

stilis kalendris SemoRebis Sesaxeb:
reaqciuli samRvdeloeba aralegalur

mdgomareobaze gadavida, saWiroa maTi
`SemoRebul iqnes saqarTvelos eklesiaSi axali stili ama 1927 wlis 14

noembridan - mTlianad uZrav-moZrav
dResaswaulebze gavrcelebiT~.
imave ricxvs miRebul iqna dadge-
dapatimreba~. 26 5
1922-25 wlebSi kaTalikosos mosaydreobis dros qristefores mier moxerxda axali episkoposebis wilknelis (pavle jafariZis), manglelis (efrem sida-
nilebani:
a) jvris wera SeiZleba mTelis wlis
moniZis), baTum-Semoqmedelis (nestor yubaneiSvilis), bodbelis (stefane karbelaS-
ganmavlobaSi Semdeg dReebis garda: didisa da mariamobis marxvisa, 5 ianvrisa,

29 agvistosi, 14 seqtembrisa da 21-25
vilis) kurTxeva. qristefore didad

zrunavda eklesiis mdgomareobis gasaumjobeseblad, mis sityvas mTavroba ase
dekembrisa;
Tu ise mainc usmenda. igi xSirad ax-
b) eriskacT neba eZleva jvris werisa umetes samgzisa hasakisa da fizikur mdgomareobis mixedviT;
meored jvardaweril eris kacT, an
senebda xelisuflebas, rom èklesiis

Seviwroeba ise Zlierad arsad ar aris
sabWoTa kavSirSi, rogorc saqarTveloSi~. 266 1921 wels moqmedi 1.450 eklesiis
qvrivze jvardawerilT neba eZlevaT samRvdelo xarisxis miRebisa;

d) mRvdels neba eZleva Seasrulos
mTavardiakvnis movaleoba mTavardiakv-
nacvlad 1931 wlisaTvis moqmedebda 350mde, 1.600 RvTismsaxuri Semcirda 350mde, 25 moqmedi monasteri ki - 5-mde.
nis SesamoselSi. ipodiakons neba eZleva kvereqsebis warmoTqmisa. 264

1927 wlis 16 ivniss Catarda kaTalikos-patriarqis arCevnebi, arCeul iqna
13) 1930 wlis 12 Tebervals Sedga

sakaTalikoso sinodis sxdoma, ganxilul
iqna mitropolit daviTis sakiTxi. es
ukanaskneli moiTxovda kaTalikos-patri-
qristefore III. mTavrobas am arCevnebTan dakavSirebiT warudgines aseTi moxseneba: `krebis monawile erTma nawilma
qristefore mitropolits uwoda `moRalate~ . mitropol itma qrist eforem
arq qristefore III-is gadayenebas. krebam ganaCina: ganTavisuflebuliyo mitropoliti daviTi quTais-gaenaTis eparqiis gamgeobidan. Semdgom qristeforem
mitropoliti daviTi gadaiyvana baTum-
gamoxata simpaTiebi bolSevikebis mimarT.

reaqcionerebma datoves kreba, darCenilebma qristefore airCies sruliad
Semoqmedis eparqiis mmarTvelad, sadac

igi gardaicvala 1935 wels. am mdgomareobam kvlav gazarda mitropolit kalis-
saqarTvelos kaTalikoz-patriarqad. igi
trates avtoriteti.
sruliad s aqarTve los sakaTalikoso sinodis uwyebaT a kreb uli, 1927, gv . 16-19; 265 s. vardosan iZe,
saqarTvelo s marT lmadide beli e klesia, 1927 -1952 wlebSi, gv. 58; 266 iq ve, gv . 65, 66.
264
615
V-VIII saeklesio krebebi da
boda am sabWoSi. sabWos winaaRmdeg gail-
`kaTalikosisTanai sinodis~ arCeva
aSqra `quTaisis saeklesio yrilobam~,

romlis mizani iyo imJamad sabWos wevrisa
da faqtobrivi lideris mitropolit kalistrates avtoritetis Semcireba. IV
saeklesio krebam kidev ufro Seamcira
14) 1930 wlis 8-11 oqtombers Sedga

saqarTvelos V saeklesio kreba, romelmac ganixila samRvdeloebis iuridiuli
yofis sakiTxebi, kaTalikos-patriarqis
qristefore III-is janmrTelobis mdgomareoba dRiTidRe uaresdeboda, igi gardaicvala 1932 wlis 10 ianvars, dakrZales Tbilisis sionSi. 267
15) 1932 wlis 21-22 ivniss Sedga

saqarTvelos eklesiis VI kreba, romelmac ganixila axali kaTalikos-patriarqis gamorCevis sakiTxi. iqamde qristefore III-is gardacvalebisTanave, 1932
wlis 11 ianvars Sedga sakaTalikoso sinodis sagangebo sxdoma, romelmac miiRo dadgenileba kaTalikos-patriarqis
mosaydred krebis mowvevamde manglel
mitropolit kalistrates gamorCevis
Sesaxeb. 1932 wlis 21-22 ivnisis krebam
m it ro po li ti k al i st ra te d aa dg in a
saqarTvelos eklesiis axal kaTalikospatriarqad.
16) 1 9 3 4 w l i s 3 1 m a i ss S e d g a
saqarTvelos VII saeklesio kreba, romelmac airCia sinodis wevrebi saxelwodebiT - `kaTalikosis TanaA sinodi~. amiT
sabolood iqna uaryofili winandeli
sakaTalikoso sabWos gazrdili uflebebi. `sakaTalikoso sabWo~ qristefore
III-is arCevamde 1917 wlis seqtembris
krebis Semdeg warmoadgenda saqarTvelos eklesiis faqtobriv gamgebels, misi
saboloo gadawyvetilebis aRsruleba
saval debulo i yo patri arqisTvi sac,
romelic mxolod pirvel wevrad iTvle267
sap atriarq os arqiv i, V kr eba.
sabWos mniSvneloba, mis nacvlad faqtobrivad SemoiRo `sruliad saqarTvelos eklesiis sinodi~, romelsac Tavmjdomareobda kaTalikos-patriarqi, misi
wevrebi 1927 wlis seqtemberSi iyvnen
eparqiaTa mRvdelmTavrebi da agreTve
gamoCenili dekanozebi, maTTan erTad
sinodis SemadgenlobaSi Sediodnen saero
pirebi - moqalaqeni: parmen goTua, iakob cincaZe da sxvebi. sinodSi Sediodnen dekanozebi da saero pirebi. aseTi
SemadgenlobiT sinodi emsgavseboda Zvel
sakaTalikoso sabWos. 1934 wlis krebam
sinods, rogorc aRvniSneT, uwoda `kaTalikosis TanaA sinodi~, riTac mianiSna,
ka Ta li ko s- pat ri ar qi s e rT pi ro vn ul
uflebaze eklesiis marTvisa. mizezi amisa
unda yofiliyo saero xelisuflebis SiSi
_ ekl es iis wi nan de l d emo kr ati ul
mmarTvelobas, romelsac `sakaTalikoso
sabWo~ axorcielebda, raime safrTxe ar
Seeqmna mTavrobisaTvis (msgavsi genuisadmi
gagzavnili `memorandumisa~). axali `TanaA
sinodi~ srul ndobas ucxadebda axal
patriarqs. am mxriv, aRsaniSnavia kalistrates udidesi mowinaaRmdegis mitropoliti daviTis sityva, romelSic kalistrate ukve daxasiaTebulia rogorc
ìnteleqtualuri, sasuliero pirTa
Soris moqmedebiT upiratesi, pirveli
maT Soris WkuiT, codniT, ganviTarebiT, saqmianobiT, gamocdilebiT, romelsac amis gamo angariSs uweven kirioni
da leonide~.
616
17) 1937 wels Sedga saqarTvelos VIII
erTaderTi - ruseTis marTlmadidebeli
saeklesio kreba, man SeimuSava saqarTvelos eklesiis marTva-gamgeobis Sesworebuli debuleba, maleve, 1945 wels, IV da
VIII saeklesio krebaTa debulebebis safuZvelze SemuSavebul iqna eklesiis marTva-
eklesiis saWiroeba, amitomac xelisuflebam, romelic iqamde rusul eklesias nebas ar rTavda axali patriarqis
arCevisa, 1925 w., patriarq tixonis gardacvalebis Semdeg Secvala Tavisi pozi-
gamgeobis axali debuleba, romelic warmoadgenda moqmed saeklesio samarTals

saqarTvelos XIII saeklesio krebamde.
cia. i. b. stalinma - sabWoTa kavSiris

erTpirovnulma gamgebelma 1943 wlis 4
seqtembers kremlSi miiwvia mitropolitebi sergi, aleqsi da nikolozi, ris Sem-
ruseTis eklesiis wmida sinodis

mier saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis aRiareba da liturgikulkanonikuri aRdgena 1943 wels.
X-XI saeklesio krebebi
18) 1943 wlis oqtombris TveSi ruseTis eklesiam aRadgina liturgikulkanonikuri urTierToba saqarTvelos eklesiasTan, scno misi avtokefalia, misi
meTauris sapatriarqo Rirseba da VI
adgili msoflio marTlmadideblur diptixSi. es iyo orive eklesiisaTvis uaRresad mniSvnelovani aqti. amis Semdgom
moixsna safrTxe ruseTis eklesiis mier
saqarTvelos eklesiis kvlav damorCilebisa da misi TavisTavadobis gaqrobisa. am aRiarebas mohyva saqarTvelos
eklesiis saerTaSoriso aRiarebac.
am aRiarebas win uZRoda Semdegi garemoeba: germaniasTan omSi Caflulma sabWoTa xelisuflebam gadawyvita oficialurad eRiarebina ruseTis eklesiis erTaderT warmomadgenlad `moskovis sapatriarqo~, aqamde igi TiTqmis mfarvelobda e.w. òbnovlencebs~, saeklesio
cxovrebis `ganmaaxleblebs~. omis wlebma
daadastura Tavisi xalxisaTvis swored
268
degac imave wlis 8 seqtembers moskovSi

Sedga moskovis sapatriarqos episkoposTa kreba 20 ierarqis monawileobiT,
romelmac sruliad ruseTis (moskovis)
patriarqad airCia mitropoliti sergi,
patriarqTan daarsda `wmida sinodi~.
umalve, 14 seqtembers saqarTvelos kaTalikos-patriarqma kalistratem mimarTa
ruseTis patriarq sergis, raTa èklesiebma, rusulma da qarTulma, icxovron
erTmaneTTan mSvidobiT da TanxmobiT
sadideblad RvTisa~. patriarqma sergim,
romelic iqamdec keTilganwyobili iyo
qarTuli eklesiis mimarT kalistrates
upasuxa depeSiT `Tanacxovreba eklesiebisa xels Seuwyobs am or xalxs Soris
urTierTobis kidev ufro gaRrmavebas~. 268
saqarTveloSi patriarqma sergim gamogzavna stavropolisa da piatigorskis arqiepiskoposi antoni. man gaarkvia imJamad rusuli eklesiisaTvis Zalze mniSvnelovani sakiTxi, kerZod, xom ar hqonda
kavSiri qarTul eklesias zemoaRniSnul
òbnovlencebTan~, romelic àntirusul
saeklesio dajgufebebad~ iqna cnobili.
patriarqma kalistratem vrcel sityvaSi moixsenia qarTuli eklesiis erTguleba uZvelesi droidanve marTlmadideblobisadmi, gaixsena istoriuli faqti,
roca XVII s-Si mefe Teimuraz I-isa da
saq arTvel os uax lesi is toriis centr aluri arqivi, f. 1879, aRw. 1, s aqme, 174.
617
odiSis mTavris levan II dadianis el-
moskovis patriarq sergis mier mini-
Cebma ruseTSi daamtkices, rom qarTuli

eklesia ar iziarebda kaTolikur aRm-
Webuli uflebamosilebiT arqiepiskoposma

antonma kanonikurad SesaZleblad CaTv-
sareblobas da mtkiced icavda marTlmadideblobas. patriarqma aRniSna, rom

qarTul eklesias ar gaaCnda antikanonikuri gadaxra, romelic xels SeuSlida ruseTisa da saqarTvelos eklesiebs
ala patriarq kalistratesaTvis eTxova

nebarTva erTobliv saRmrTo liturgiaSi monawileobisa, romelic Sedga sionSi 1943 wlis 31 oqtombers, riTac faqtobrivad aRdga locviTi liturgikuli
Soris liturgikul-kanonikur urTierTobaTa aRdgenas. arqiepiskoposma antonma
kanonikuri urTierToba saqarTvelosa da

ruseTis eklesiebs Soris. naTelia, rusu-
gamoarkvia, rom saqarTvelos eklesiaSi

ar imyofebodnen coliani episkoposebi
da meored qorwinebaSi myofi sasulie-
li eklesia apirebda ecno saqarTvelos

eklesiis teritoriuli avtokefalia
saqarTvelos ssr-s sazRvrebSi. moskov-
ro pirebi, mas ar hqonda locviTi urT-
Si dabrunebuli arqiepiskoposi antonis
ierToba rusuli eklesiidan gankveTil

antikanonikur jgufebTan. 269
moxsenebis safuZvelze, ruseTis uwmidesma

sinodma ganaCina:
ruseTis uwmidesi sinodis ganCineba

saqarTvelos eklesiasTan urTierTobis aRdgenis Sesaxeb
miiReba ra mxedvelobaSi, rom saqarTvelos uwmidesma kaTalikos-patriarqma qarTvel ierarqTa, samRvdelo dasisa da samwysos saxeliT daamtkica
qarTuli eklesiis ucvleli gadawyvetileba, rogorc warsulSi, aseve awmyoSi
da momavalSic darCes wmida mociqulTa da wmida mamaTa mier gadmocemul
marTlmadidebel sarwmunoebaSi, SeinarCunos da daicvas eklesiis kanonebi,
aRiarebuli iqnes:
a) yovladusamRvdloes stavropolis mTavarepiskoposis antonis moqmedeba
kanonierad, romelmac 1943 wlis 31 oqtombers uwmides kaTalikosTan da
misdami daqvemdebarebul samRvdeloebasTan erTad aRavlina locva da eqvaristia, riTac ar daarRvia moskovis uwmides patriarqis mier yovlad
usamRvdloes mTavarepiskoposisadmi miniWebuli uflebamosileba. amgvarad:
b) Cvenda sasixarulod aRdgenilia locviTi da evqaristuli urTierToba
qarTul da rusul or avtokefaliur eklesiebs Soris:
g) ecnobos momxdaris Sesaxeb saqarTvelos ssr-s farglebSi myof marTlmadidebel samwysos da ganvumartoT maT, rom amieridan maTi valia RvTismsaxurebisas moixsenion ierarqiuli TanmimdevrobiT saqarTvelos uwmidesi
kaTalikosis da sxva ierarqebis saxelebi da ueWvelad saidumloTa aRsrulebisaTvis mimarTon qarTvel mRvdelmsaxurebs, rogorc marTlmadideblebs:
269
m. bendel iani, saqarTv elos e klesia meore msolfio omis periodSi, xe lnaweri, 1999 , gv. 141.
618
d) eTxovos saqarTvelos uwmides kaTalikos-patriarqs miiRos saqarTveloSi

ssr-Si mcxovrebi marTlmadidebeli rusi mrevli Tavis samRvdelmTavro saWeTmpyrobelobaSi da mieces maT ufleba SeinarCunon TavianT mRvdelmsaxurebaSi
da samrevlo praqtikaSi is wesebi da Cvevebi, rac miiRes maT rusuli eklesiisagan memkvidreobiT;
e) eTxovos saqarTvelos uwmides patriarqs miiRos Tavis gamgeblobaSi
rusi mrevli, romlebic, marTalia, ar imyofebian saqarTvelos ssr-s farglebSi, magram manZilis siSoris a n sxva msgavsi siSoris gamo uWirT
mimarTon rusul saeklesio mmarTvelobas, ris Sesaxebac ecnobos agreTve
saqarTvelos uwmides kaTalikos-patriarqs, gansakuTrebuli sapatriarqo
miwerilobiT, asli gaegzavnos saqarTvelos ssr-s farglebSi myof rus
marTlmad idebel mrevls da agreTve euwyos werilobiTi brZaneba yovladuwmides aleutis mitropolits. 270 1943 w, noemberi.
sinodaluri ganCinebis Semdeg ruseTis uwmidesma patriarqma sergim werili gamougzavna saqarTvelos kaTalikos-patriarqs kalistrates, romelSic
miuTiTebda, rom ar unda mieqces yuradReba imas, rac iwereboda da iTqmeboda
an, romlebic ganyenebuli iyvnen ziarebidan rusuli marTlmadidebeli eklesiis samsjavros mier. 271
aRsaniSnavia, uwmides patriarq sergis mimarTva saqarTveloSi mcxovreb marTlmadidebel rusebisadmi:
warsulSi qarTuli eklesiis winaaRmdeg, Tu mxardasaWerad, aseve ar unda

daiweros urTierTangariSsworebani, romlebic xels uSlidnen mocemuli sakiTxi sadmi miuker Zoebel midgo mas.
ruseTis marTlmadidebel eklesias 25

wlis manZilze ar hqonda saSualeba Tanaziari yofiliyo saqarTvelos eklesiis
arc mRvdelTan da arc mRvdelmTavrebTan, rCeboda samwyso saeklesio nugeSis-
saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefalia ukve

aRar aris am or eklesias Soris cilobis sagani.
saqarTvelos sabWoTa socialisturi
respublikis sazRvrebSi ruseTis eklesia cnobda saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis avtokefalias. aRavlenda
locviT da evqaristul kavSirs marTl-
cemis gareSe, iyvnen iseTebic, romlebic

ver swvdebodnen ra saeklesio uTanxmoebis arss, dadiodnen qarTul taZrebSi, loculobdnen qarTvel mRvdelmTavrebTan erTad da iRebdnen maTgan
ziarebas, magram midiodnen ra taZridan, ar SeiZleba gulSi darwmunebuli
yofiliyvnen, kargs akeTebdnen Tu ara -
madidebeli sarwmunoebisa da saeklesio

wesebis dogmatebis dacvis pirobiT, kerZod, iTxovda ganSorebas locviT urTierTobisagan pirebTan da sazogadoebebT-
am mdgomareobam gastana ara erTi da

ori, aramed 25 weli.
1943 w. 31 oqtombers ganxeTqileba
damTavrda, gabrwyinda eklesiuri mSvi-
saq . uaxle si ist oriis c entraluri saistorio arqivi, f. 1879, aRw. 1., s aqme 2, gv. 15;
gv. 16; 27 2 iqv e, g v. 16-17.
27 0
27 1
iqv e,
619
doba da eWvi warsuls Cabarda. rus
sinodis gareSe, ruseTis mxares eWira
mrevls, mcxovrebs saqarTveloSi, ufleba eniWeba ilocos qarTvel sasulie-
igive pozicia, nawilobriv inerciiT da

nawilobriv qarTvelTa `TviTnebobaze~
ro pirebTan taZrebSi, miiRos wmida

saidumloebani da igrZnos Tavi qarTul
eklesiaSi, rogorc WeSmariti RmerTis
saxlSi.
patriarqma Tavis mowodebaSi agreTve
gulistkivilis gamo. ase grZeldeboda

mTeli 25 weli, ruseTSi patriarqobis
aRdgenamde. es aRdgena gaxda - saqarTvelos uwmides kaTalikosisaTvis sasurveli mizezi, aRedgina urTierToba ruse-
Zalian STambeWdavad mimarTa rus morwmuneT saqarTvelos eklesiis upirate-
T is ek l es i a sT a n d ak a vS i re b i T. ma n
gamoTqva survili da imedi, rom am-
sobaze: `vadidoT saqarTvelos RvTissaTnomyofelTa naTeli krebuli: saqarTvelos ganmanaTlebeli mociqulTa swori
ieridan es ori eklesia icxovrebdnen

erTmaneTTan mSvidobiT da Tanaziarad
RvTis sadideblad~...
nino da mravalricxovani qarTveli moR-
wmida sinodma gamoitana ganCineba da
vaweni, romlebic ruseTis wmida naTlobamde mravali wliT adre ukve anaTebdnen msoflioSi qristes madliT. yovladwmida RvTismSoblis SuamdgomlobiT
aRiara ruseTis urTierTobis aRdgena

saqarTvelos avtokefaliur eklesiasTan.
patriarqi gamoTqvamda rwmenas, rom maTi
uwmidesoba aRmosavleTis patriarqebi
Tavis wilxvedr saqarTvelosadmi~. 272

patriarqma sergim es udidesi mniSvnelobis aqti auwya aRmosavleTis patriaqebs: mimarTvaSi aRniSna, rom `1917
daamtkicebdnen am Serigebas. 273

istorikosi medea bendeliani wers:
`saqarTvelos kaTalikos-patriarqisaTvis
cnobili iyo, rom saqarTvelos saekle-
wels saqarTvelos eklesiam gamoacxada Tavi avtokefaliurad, ar miuRia ra

amaze ruseTis umaRlesi saeklesio xelisuflebis
nebarTva, rasac mohyva
sio teritoriuli sazRvrebi somxeTze

gadioda, e.i. somxeTis marTlmadidebeli
eklesiebi odiTganve qarTuli eklesiis
iurisdiqciaSi Sedioda. swored amitom
ganxeTqileba locviT urTierTobaSi marTlmadidebel eklesiebs Soris. pirvel

xanebSi qarTvelebs hqondaT Serigebis
mcdeloba, magram ruseTis mxridan es
mcdeloba kategoriulad uaryofil iqna.
iyo, rom patriarqi ayenebs sakiTxs somxeTSi moqmedi rusuli samrevlo ebis
saqarTvelos iurisdiqciSi daqvemdebarebis Sesaxeb. 1943 w. 31 oqtombris ruseTisa da saqarTvelos saeklesio ganCinebis
wm id a si no di , ro go rc s ax el mw if o
dawesebuleba, Tavs movaled Tvlida
daecva imperiis ZiriTadi kanoni, rom-
e) muxlis Tanaxmad: èTxovos saqarTvelos uwmides patriarqs miiRos Tavis

ganmgeblobaSi saeklesio saqmeebi da somx-
lis mixedviTac mefis xelisufleba imperiis mTel teritoriaze saeklesio

saqmeebSi moqmedebda mxolod saeklesi o si nodi s m eSve obiT , S esab amis ad
eTSi myofi marTlmadidebeli rusuli mrevli, romlebic, marTalia, ar imyofebian

saqarTvelos ssr-s farglebSi, magram manZilis siSoris gamo uWirT mimarTon
saqarTveloSic. magram Semdgomac, ukve
rusul saeklesio gamgeblobas~. 274
saq . uaxle si ist oriis c entraluri saistorio arqivi, f. 1879, aRw. 1., s aqme 2, gv. 17;
bendeliani, dasax. naSr. gv. 86.
27 3
27 4
m.
620
19) 1952 wlis 5 aprils patriarq
marTlmadidebel eklesiaTa ierarqiaSi.
ka lis tra tes ga rda cva leb isT ana ve

mowveul iqna saqarTvelos eklesiis IX
viTarca universitetis kursdamTavrebuls, kavSiri hqonda prof. k. kekeliZ-
saeklesio kreba, romelmac airCia axali kaTalikos-patriarqi melqisedek III

(fxalaZe). uwmidesi kalistrate TiTqmis 20 weli marTavda saqarTvelos eklesias umZimes periodSi, Tavisi sibrZniT
esTan, romlis redaqtorobiTac gamosc a ` a xa l i a R Tq m a~ . a m dr o is a T vi s

saqarTvelos, viTarca TavisTavadi qveynis, saxeli daviwyebuli iyo saerTaSoriso asparezze, amitomac Zalze didi
SeZlo eklesiis avtoritetis amaRleba,

rogorc morwmuneTa, ise saeroTa Soris.
mniSvneloba hqonda saerTaSoriso organizaciebSi sxvadasxva erebisaTvis Sex-
kalistrates II msoflio omSi saqarTvelos eklesiis mier gaweuli RvawlisaTvis

x el is u fl eb i s um a Rl es i o rg a no eb i
senebas imisa, rom arsebobda qarTveli

eri Tavisi eklesiiT.
am kuTxiT mniSvneloba unda mieni-
miagebdnen Sesabamis pativs, man, rogorc
Wos efremis dros, mis mier, 1963 wels
iTqva, miaRwia imas, rom 1943 wels

ruseTis eklesiam aRiara saqarTvelos
eklesiis sruli (teritoriuli) avtokefalia, VI adgili msoflio marTlma-
saqarTvelos eklesiis gasvlas saerTaSoriso asparezze msoflio eklesiaTa

sabWoSi, romelSic iqamde ukve gawevrianebuli iyo ruseTis da konstantinop-
dideblur diptixSi da amasTanave aRiara saqarTvelos eklesiis meTauris sapatriarqo Rirseba, rac udidesi warmateba iyo im droisaTvis.
olis sapatriarqoebi da yvela sxva marT l m a di d e b e l i e kl e s i a . m a T r i g S i

saqarTvelos eklesiis Cadgoma mniSvnelovani momenti iyo imiT, rom berZnuli
kos-patriarqis melqisedek III-is gardacvalebis Semdeg, 1960 wlis 20 Teber-
(konstantinopolis, aleqsandriis, ierusalimis), sxva sapatriarqoebi da eklesiebi imJamad ar aRiarebdnen qarTuli eklesiis sapatriarqo Rirsebas, mis adg-
vals Sedga saqarTvelos eklesiis X

saeklesio kreba. krebis sagani iyo axali kaTalikos-patriarqis gamorCeva da
agreTve gankveTil samRvdelo pirTa sakiTxis gadasinjva. arCeuli iqna kaTa-
ils diptixSi da zogjer avtokefaliasac

ki. Cans, qarTuli eklesiis saerTaSoriso
asparezze gasvliT ukmayofilo xelisuflebam, efremis winaaRmdeg gaatara Sesabamisi RonisZiebani, maT Sesaxeb miamb-
likos-patriarqad Wyondidel-baTum-Semoqmedeli mitropoliti efrem sidamoniZe,

saxelwodebiT efrem II. man im drois-
es Zalze sando adamianebma, rogorc sasuliero, ise saero pirebma da morwmune

mrevlis Zvelma wevrebma. isini iyvnen TviT-
aTvis TiTqmis SeuZlebel warmatebas

miaRwia imiT, rom 1963 wels safuZveli Cauyara mcxeTis saRvTismetyvelo
kursebs, romelic male seminariad gada-
mxilvelni da zogjer monawilenic ki

qvemoT aRwerili ambisa. parizidan CamosvlisTanave efrem II-s aujanyda mcxeTis
sasuliero saswavleblis ramdenime stu-
keTda. pirvelad aTwleulebis Semdeg

gamosca àxali aRTqma~ da locvani,
igi didi siyvaruliT sargeblobda moZme
denti (Semdgom, eklesiidan gankveTilni),

romelTac TavianTi Tavi bodbis wm. ninos monasterSi episkoposebad gamoacxa-
20) sruliad saqarTvelos kaTali-
621
des, am ukanasknelT patriarqis winaaRm-
d av da i m Z al as ,
r om el ic
er sa d a
deg aqezebda saxelmwifos Sesabamis organoebTan farulad moTanamSromle e.w.
saqarTvelos samomavlod samoqalaqo omSi

CaiTrevda. marTlac, SemdgomSi maTi gza
`patriot inteligentTa~ jgufi, (maT

Soris erT-erTma, Semdgom profesorma
miambo kidec amis Sesaxeb).
patriarqma Rirseulad SesZlo xelisuflebis am devnis Tavidan acile-
s ab ed is w er o a Rm oC nd a s aq a rT ve lo s
mTlianobisaTvis. daviT V-is dros isini xalxSi ciliswamebisa da waqezebis
gziT aRvivebdnen arajansaR Sefasebebs
sasuliero pirTa Sesaxeb. daviT V gar-
ba. efrem II gardaicvala 1972 wlis

7 aprils.
daicvala 1977 wlis 9 dekembers.
21) 1972 wlis 1-el ivniss TbilisSi

Sedga saqarTvelos XI saeklesio kreba,
XII-XIII saeklesio krebebi da
romelmac kaTalikos-patriarqad airCia
konstantinopolis sapatriarqos
urbneli mitropoliti daviTi (devdariani). igi jer kidev kaTalikos-patriarqma melqisedek III-m anderZiT datova Tavis
mosaydred, razec imJamad manglelma
mier saqarTvelos eklesiis
episkoposma
patriarqad
Sedga 1972
elSi. `misi
daviTma uari ganacxada. 27 5

daviT V-is intronizacia
wlis 2 ivliss sveticxovmoRvaweobis wlebSi nor-
malurad iTvleboda morwmuneTa darbeva da eklesiebidan axalgazrdobis gamorekva wirva-locvebis dros (e.w. `komkavSirelebisa~ da sxvaTa mier), mwyemsmTavar daviT V-s araerTxel gamouTqvams protesti amgvari ukanonobisa da
uzneobis gamo... yoveli amgvari daumorCileblobis Semdeg mokle xanSi xdeboda romelime eklesiis, mRvdelmTavris
an Tavad misi darbeva, dawiokeba, romelTa
iniciatorebi yovelTvis daudgenelni rCebodnen. 276 daviT V aSkarad, maT Soris
presis gamoyenebiTac cdilobda qveynisa
da eklesiis gadarCenas zemoaRniSnul
e.w. `patriot inteligentTa~ mier miyenebuli vnebebisagan, radganac maTSi xe-
27 5
uflebaTa aRiareba 1990 wels
22) 1977 w . 23 dekember s Sedga

s aq ar Tv e lo s X II s ae k le si o k re ba ,
romelmac kaTalikos-patriarqad gamoarCia cxum-afaxeTis mitropoliti ilia
(SiolaSvili-RuduSauri). mis dros ekl es ia ga mo v id a im md go m ar eo b id an ,
r omel ic
Seiqmna
ko mu ni stur i
mm ar Tve lob is dr os , d ai Sal a s sr k,
saqarTvelom aRidgina Tavisufleba, iqamde ki, saqarTvelos uwmidesi da unetaresi kaTalikos-patriarqis ZalisxmeviTa da mecadineobiT Cveni eklesiis avtokefalia da sapatriarqo Rirseba cno
konstantinopolis sapatriarqom.
1990 wlis 25 ianvars Sedga konstantinopolis (msoflio) sapatriarqos
wmida sinodis kreba, romelmac gamosca
saqarTvelos eklesiis uZvelesi avtokefaliis cnobis sigeli. agreTve `ganCineba~ saqarTvelos eklesiis meTauris sapatriarqo Rirsebis aRiarebis Sesaxeb.
z. Jvania, saqarTvelos kaTalikos patriarqebi, 1973 wlidan, quTaisi, 1994, gv. 39;
27 6
iqve, gv. 40.
622
saqarTvelos uwmidesi marTlmadidebeli eklesiis

avtokefaliis cnobisa da mtkicebis sigeli
dimitriosi,
wyalobiTa RmrTisaTa mTavarepiskoposi konstantinopolisa,
axlisa romisa da msoflio patriarqi
saxeliTa mamisaTa da ZisaTa da sulisa wmidisaTa.
`WeSmarit viyvneT siyuarulsa zeda da aRvaorZinebdeT misa mimarT yovelsa,
romel ars Tav misa qriste, romlisagan yoveli guami Senawevrebul da Semtkicebul ars yovliTa SeaxlebiTa uxuebisaQ Ta Sewevnisaebr sazomisa TviTeulisa asoQsa; siorZilsa mas guamisasa hyofdiT aRsaSeneblad Tavisa Tquenisa siyuaruliT~
(efes. 4, 15-16). ambobs mociquli erTa pavle, da marTlac erTi samwysoa da
qristes erTi sxeulia, da aseve iwodeba RvTismieri qveyanasa zeda eklesia misi
sulieri erTianobis gamo, da ra Tqma unda, aranairi gziT ar SeuSlia xeli amas,
arc pirvel da arc mis Semdgom saukuneebSi, struqturisaTvis adgilobirivi da
sxvadasxva qveynebis eklesiebisa, romelnic erTmaneTisagan damoukidebelni, Sinaganad TviTmmarTvelni, TavianTive mwyemsmTavarTagan da moZRvarTagan da qristes
saxarebis msaxurTagan marTulni arian da Seadgenen erT wmida kaTolike da samociqulo eklesias.
aseTivea kavkasiis kurTxeul miwaze, amJamad saqarTvelos respublikis sazRvrebSi Semavali wmida da marTlmadidebeli eklesia, romelmac uZvelesi droidan
miiRo TviTmmarTveli da Tavisufali ganmgebloba da Sesabamisad, saeklesio
mmarTvelobiTi organizaciac. rwmenaSi simtkicisa da eklesiuri cxovrebiT
mravali da SesaniSnavi magaliTis maCvenebli. igi dResac Seuneleblad da ucvlelad icavda da icavs Cveni marTlmadidebeli eklesiis moZRvrebas da mis mier
aRiarebul WeSmaritebebs. amJamad ki, Tavis ganmgeblobaSi kanonierebis msurveli, yvela wmida msgavsi aRmsareblobis eklesiebTan megobrul da siyvaruliT
savse urTierTobaSi da samsaxurSi myofi mimarTavs, yoveli xelsayreli SemTxvevisas, Cvens ekumenur sapatriarqo taxts da iTxovs kurTxevasa da mtkicebas
Tavisi TviTmmarTvelobiTi struqturisa. rameTu ase SeTanxmebulma, viTarca
vazma ganuyofeli RvTis venaxisa, adgilobriv marTlmadidebel eklesiaTa kanonier pleadaSi myofma, ganagrZos ayvaveba qristes sxeulisa.
es RirsebiT savse mimarTva da Txovna siyvaruliT miviReT Cven da Cvenma wmida
da kurTxeulma sinodma, vinaidan Cveni ekumenuri taxti valdebulia daxmareba
aRmouCinos samarTliani uflebebisa da statusis momTxovn wmida marTlmadidebel
eklesiebs; xeli CasWidos maT da daexmaros drois aucileblobiT gamowveuli
cxovrebiseuli problemebis gadaWraSi, rameTu, Tanaxmad mravalsaukunovani saek-
623
lesio cxovrebisa da wesisa, Rirseulad mopovebulma misma avtoritetma aRavso

avtokefaluri mmarTvelobis miniWebis uflebis upiratesobiT da Camoyalibda
garkveuli administraciuli uflebebi. amdenad, Cveni umdablesoba da Cveni kurTxeuli mitropolitebi, yovladpativdebulTa Tana suliwmidis mier Cvens ZmebTan
da TanamwirvelebTan erTad ganimsWvala azriT da siamovnebiT iwonebs, rom patakad momavali wmida da didi msoflio krebisa, Cvenma upirvelesma taxtma,
konstantinopolis eklesiam akurTxos, cnos da daamtkicos saqarTvelos wmida
eklesiis avtokefalia da damoukidebeli struqtura. igi mudam garantirebuli
da xelSeuxebi iqneba Cveni wmida rwmenisa da saeklesio kanonikuri wesis Tanaxmad,
marTmadidebeli eklesiis erTobaSi.
sinodis gadawyvetilebiTa da suliwmidiT ganaTlebulni vacxadebT saqarTvelos uwmides eklesias imave TviTmmarTveli struqturiTa da organizmebiT, rac
uZvelesi droidan gaaCnda da rac damowmebulia agreTve balsamonis mier, romelic
wers: `...amboben, rom dReTa maT Sina uwmidesisa patriarqisa RvTaebrivi qalaqisa
didisa antioqiisa ufali petresi, gamotanil iqna sinoduri dadgenileba, rom
iqmnes Tavisufali da avtokefaluri eklesia iberiisa~. 27 7 miviCnevT, rom igi
CarTulia da aris Zmur marTlmadidebel eklesiaTa pleadaSi da vadasturebT,
amasTanave, imas, rom igi saxeldebulia rogorc `wmida avtokefaluri eklesia
sruliad saqarTvelo Q sa~. vcnobT mas rogorc Cvens sulier das, romelic uflebamosilia marTos da awarmoos saqmeni damoukideblad da avtokefalurad, Tanaxmad wesisa. sxva adgilobriv wmida marTlmadidebel eklesiaTa Soris kanonieri
uflebebiT moqmedebs, meTaurad hyavs ufali RmerTi da macxovari Cveni ieso
qriste, da kanonikuri da saeklesio wesis Tanaxmad, aRiarebs da pativs cems Cveni
msoflio sapatriarqo taxtis pirveladobas, da viTarca Tavis umaRles mmarTvelobiT organos, scnobs saqarTvelos eklesiis mRvdelmTavarTagan Semdgar sinods,
romlis Tavmjdomarec aris mTavarepiskoposi mcxeTa-Tbilisisa da kaTolikosi
sruliad saqarTvelo Q sa.
Cvens uwmides samociqulo da msoflio sapatriarqo taxtTan, aseve, yovel
marTlmadidebel avtokefalur eklesiasTan sulieri da kanonikuri erTianobis
dacvis mizniT, marTlmadidebeli eklesiis kanonikuri wesis Tanaxmad, yoveli
mTavarepiskoposi mcxeTa-Tbilisisa da kaTolikosi sruliad saqarTvelo Q sa movalea maT meTaurebs acnobos misi arCeva da aRsaydreba samSvidobo saintronizacio epistoleebiT. warmoaCinos, amasTanave, aRmsarebloba da dasturi misi da
misadmi rwmunebuli wmida marTlmadidebeli eklesiisa, rom SeubRalavad daicavs
marTlmadideblur sarwmunoebasa da RvTismosaobas, da amasTanave, marTlmadidebeli eklesiis saRmrTo da wmida kanonebsa da wesebs; rigis mixedviT moixseniebs
27 7
G.A. Pallh M. Potlh, Sun eagma twn Jeiwn Ierwn kan own, A Jhnhsin 1852, tom. B . sel. 172.
624
wmida diptixSi saxels yoveli msoflio patriarqisa da sxva uwmides patriarqTa

da wmida marTlmadidebeli avtokefaluri eklesiebis unetares ganmgebelTa. rac
Seexeba mironis sakiTxs, daculi iqneba amasTan dakavSirebiT dadgenili saeklesio
wesi, raTa xilulad da uxilavad Sedges da gancxaddes Sinagani da garegani ganuyofeli erTianoba marTlmadidebeli eklesiisa.
amasTanave, vurCevT, rom zogadi xasiaTis saeklesio problemebisa Tu dabrkolebaTa dros, romelnic avtokefaluri eklesiebis saganmgeblo sazRvrebSi
iCenen Tavs, xolo sayovelTao gansjasa da kenWisyras eqvemdebarebian, mTavarepiskoposma mcxeTa-Tbilisisa da kaTolikosma sruliad saqarTvelo Q sa mimarTos Cvens uwmides msoflio sapatriarqo taxts, romlis mierac daukavSirdeba
yovel marTlmadidebel saepiskoposos, WeSmariti sityvis marTlmkveTelT da,
Tavissave Txovnis Sesabamisad, miiRebs misgan sarwmuno azrsa da Sexedulebas
misas da Zmuri eklesiebisas.
amrigad, Cvens mudmiv, sruli Semadgenlobis, wmida da kurTxeuli sinodis
1990 wlis 23 ianvris sxdomaze nafiqrs, gansjils da sinodalurad Cvens mier
damtkicebuls, rom mtkiced davicavT, vadasturebT am sapatriarqo da sinodaluri sigeliT, romelic Sedgenili da xelmowerilia Cveni wmida da qristes
didi eklesiis wesdebis Tanaxmad, zustad da ucvlelad, vauwyebT da vugzavniT
mTavarepiskoposs mcxeTa-Tbilisisa da kaTolikoss sruliad saqarTvelo Q sa ,
qristes mier Cvens sayvarel Zmasa da Tanamwirvels ufal ilias, sruliad saqarTvelos wmida marTlmadidebeli avtokefaluri eklesiis kurTxeuli sinodis Tavmjdomares da rogorc wesia, agreTve eklesiuri kanonikis mixedviT moqmed da
gamocxadebul moZme marTlmadidebel avtokefalur eklesiebs, dasacavad da gansamtkiceblad sruliad marTlmadidebeli eklesiis erTianobisa.
ufali RmerTi Cveni, madliTa da wyalobiTa pirvelisa, didisa da umaRlesisa
mRvdelmTavrisa qriste RmerTisa Cvenisa, meoxebiTa yovladuxrwnelisa dedisa
m is is a , ma r ad qa l wu lis a Rv T is mS o bl is a m a riam isa , p at io s nisa dide b ul is a
winaswarmetyvelisa da naTlismcemlisa ioanesi, wmidaTa da didebulTa da yovladqebulTa mociqulTa, wmida mociqulTa sworisa ninosi da RirsTa da RvTivdacul mamaTa CvenTa, ganamtkicebs da daicavs wiaRsa erTi wmida da kaTolike
eklesiisasa, Zmur avtokefalur eklesiisa sruliad saqarTvelo Q sa, da waruZRveba
da aayvavebs mas sadideblad wmidisa saxelisa Tvisisa, nugeSad morwmune mrevlisa
misisa da sixarulad Cveni wmida samociqulo msoflio taxtisa da yovelTa moZme
marTlmadidebel avtokefalur eklesiaTa.
macxovrismiersa welsa 1990, Tvesa ianvarsa 25. 27 8
27 8
`jv ari vaz isa~, 1990, # 3, gv. 8-9.
625
saqarTvelos uwmidesi eklesiis meTauris

sapatriarqo titulis cnobis da boZebis
sapatriarqo sinoduri ganCineba
dimitriosi,
wyalobiTa RmrTisaTa mTavarepiskoposi konstantinopolisa,
axlisa romisa da msoflio patriarqi
ramdenadac, mravalsaukunovani wesis Tanaxmad, Cveni uwmidesi samociqulo da
msoflio sapatriarqo taxti inarCunebs kanonier uflebas Caerios RvTis wmida
eklesiaTa moTxovnilebebSi, gamoiCinos garkveuli mzrunveloba da daakmayofilos isini, amitom Cveni umdablesoba, Cvens kurTxeul da yovladpativdebul
mitropolitebTan msjelobis Sedegad, saeklesio kanonmdeblobidan gamomdinare,
ganimsWvala azriT, rom saqarTvelos uwmides marTlmadidebel eklesias, viTarca
avtokefalursa da damoukidebels, marTlmadidebel eklesiaTa sistemaSi Semavalsa da TviTmmarTvels, mieces Zmuri Tanxmoba da aRiareba Cveni uwmidesi konstantinopolis eklesiisagan maszed, rom saqarTvelos uwmidesi eklesia pativdebul
iqnes sapatriarqo RirsebiTa da adgiliT. rogorc adridanve ixsenieboda uZveles
qronikebsa da sxva saeklesio wyaroebSi misi tituli _ `mTavarepiskoposi
mcxeTa-Tbilisisa da kaTolikos-patriarqi sruliad saqarTvelo Q sa~, aseve ixseniebodes amieriTganac marTlmadideblur saRmrTo da wmida gangebebSi.
Rrmad darwmunebulni varT imaSi, rom Cveni wmida da qristes didi eklesiis
gasjis da misi wmida sinodis dadgenilebas gaiziareben da mxarSi daudgebian
unetaresni patriarqni da ganmgebelni RvTis yoveli wmida eklesiisa da miRebuli iqneba erTsulovani Tanxmoba saqarTvelos moZme eklesiis sapatriarqo Rirsebis
aRiarebis Sesaxeb. gamovTqvamT WeSmarit imeds, rom yovelive es xels Seuwyobs
Cveni wmida marTlmadidebeli eklesiis erTianobis Senebas, eklesiis siZlieres
da winsvlas.
sixaruliT vauwyebT yovelive amas CvenTvis Zalze sayvarel da yovladRirseul Tqvens unetaresobas, Tqvens yovladsamRvdelo mRvdelmTavrebs, morwmune
wmida samRvdeloebas, saqarTvelos sapatriarqos RvTismosav da morwmune marTlmadidebel xalxs.
veamborebi Tqvens sayvarel unetaresobas Zmuri amboriT, mivmarTavT Tqvens
qristesmoyvare mrevls Cveni pirvel-mRvdelmTavruli locva-kurTxeviT da viTxovT yovelTaTvis madlsa da usazRvro wyalobas uflisas. 279
27 9
`jv ari vazisa~, 1990, #3
626
23) 1995 wlis 18-19 seqtembers svet-
(mRvdeli zaqaria ZinZibaZe, m. bolqvaZe).
icxovlis taZarSi Sedga saqarTvelos

eklesiis gafarToebuli (XIII) kreba. misi
Semdgom gamarTuli kamaTisas gamoikveTa azri, rom gansakuTrebuli yuradRe-
uwmidesoba da unetaresoba sruliad

saqarTvelos kaTalikos patriarqi ilia
II da wmida sinodis wevrebi visxediT
kankelis win gaSlil grZel magidasTan,
romlis winac mwkrivebad isxdnen del-
ba momaval RvTismsaxurTa ganaTlebis

sakiTxs unda daeTmos. meore dRe mieZRvna
eklesiis marTva-gamgeobis debulebis ganxilvas (warmoadgina sasuliero akademiis proreqtorma mRvdelma basil kobax-
egatebi.
krebam moismina sinodis wevrTa -
iZem). debuleba krebam daamtkica. krebam

moaxdina axali wmidanebis kanonizire-
mmarTvel mRvdelmTavarTa moxsenebebi

eparqiaTa mdgomareobis Sesaxeb, Semdeg
ki moismina moxsenebebi: a) sasuliero
ba, krebam werilobiT mimarTa saqarTvelos prezidents, romelSic gamoiTqva

Txovna x elisuflebisadmi, raTa
ganaTlebis mdgomareoba da misi gaum-
saqarTveloSi seqtantTa moqmedeba gan-
jobesebis gzebi (momxsenebeli protopresviteri giorgi gamrekeli); b) sapatriarqos misioneruli moRvaweoba (momxsenebeli mTavarepiskoposi danieli); g) ek-
isazRvros, rogorc religiuri eqspansia qarTveli eris winaaRmdeg da miRebul iqnas gadamWreli zomebi maTi moqmedebis akrZalvisaTvis. krebam mimarTa
lesiis sagareo urTierTobebi (episkoposi abraami); d) eklesiis socialuri

programa da saqvelmoqmedo moRvaweoba
s aq ar Tv el os m os ax le ob as , Se Tx ov a
ufals saqarTvelos gaerTianeba, Semdgomi
suli-eri amaRleba da gabrwyineba.
31.05.2001
627
SeTanxmeba 2002 w. 17 oqtombers daamtkica sinodma,

xolo 22 oqtombers parlamentma. amis Semdeg Sevida ZalaSi.
konstituciuri SeTanxmeba
saqarTvelos saxelmwifosa da saqarTvelos samociqulo
avtokefalur marTlmadidebel eklesias Soris
- saqarTvelom msoflio civilizebul samyaroSi aRidgina istoriuli adgili, rogorc damoukidebelma da demokratiulma saxelmwifom;
- saqarTvelos avtokefaluri marTlmadidebeli eklesia warmoadgens samociqulo saydars da msoflio marTlmadidebeli eklesiis ganuyofel nawils.
igi V s-dan avtokefaluria da misi sasuliero-administraciuli centri da
kaTedraa mcxeTa, sapatriarqo kaTedrebia, agreTve, Tbilisi da biWvinTa;
- marTlmadidebloba, evropis erT -erTi tradiciuli aRmsarebloba,
saqarTveloSi istoriulad saxelmwifo religia iyo, romelmac Camoayaliba
mravalsaukunovani qarTuli kultura, erovnuli msoflmxedveloba da faseulobebi;
- saqarTvelos mosaxleobis didi umravlesoba marTlmadidebeli qristiania;
- saqarTvelos konstituciiT aRiarebulia saqarTvelos samociqulo avtokefaluri marTlmadidebeli eklesiis gansakuTrebuli roli qveynis istoriaSi da misi damoukidebloba saxelmwifosagan.
saqarTvelos konstituciis me-9 muxlis Sesabamisad
saqarTvelos saxelmwifo (SemdgomSi saxelmwifo), warmodgenili saqarTvelos prezidentiT da saqarTvelos samociqulo avtokefaluri marTlmadidebeli eklesia (SemdgomSi eklesia), warmodgenili sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqiT, deben konstituciur SeTanxmebas (SemdgomSi SeTanxmeba):
muxli 1.
1. saxelmwifo da eklesia adastureben mzadyofnas iTanamSromlon urTierTdamoukideblobis principis dacviT, qveynis mosaxleobis sakeTildReod.
2. saxelmwifo da eklesia uflebamosilni arian dadon SeTanxmebebi erToblivi interesebis sxvadasxva sferoSi, romelTa ganxorcielebis mizniTac
mxareTa mier miiReba Sesabamisi aqtebi.
3. eklesia warmoadgens istoriulad Camoyalibebul sajaro samarTlis
iuridiul pirs, romelic Tavis saqmianobas warmarTavs saeklesio (kanonikuri)
samarTlis normebiT, saqarTvelos konstituciis, am SeTanxmebisa da saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad.
628
4. eklesias specialuri uflebamosilebis gareSe warmoadgenen: saeklesio

kreba, saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi, wmida sinodi da saqarTvelos sapatriarqo (qorepiskoposisa da mdivnis saxiT); xolo samarTlebriv urTierTobebSi uflebamosilebas aniWebs kaTolikos-patriarqi.
5. saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi xelSeuvalia.
6. rogorc wesi, didi saeklesio dResaswaulebi da kvira dasvenebis
dReebad cxaddeba.
muxli 2.
saxelmwifo mxars uWers aRsarebisa da saklesio saidumlos dacvas. sasuliero piri valdebulia, ar gasces informacia, romelic mas, rogorc
sulier moZRvars, gaandes an misTvis, rogorc sasuliero pirisaTvis, gaxda
cnobili.
muxli 3.
saxelmwifo aRiarebs eklesiis mier Sesrulebul jvrisweras kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesiT. samarTlebriv urTierTobebSi gamoiyeneba qorwinebis
saxelmwifo registraciis monacemebi.
muxli 4.
1. sasuliero piri Tavisufldeba samxedro valdebulebisagan.
2. saxelmwifo eklesiasTan SeTanxmebiT uzrunvelyofs samxedro-sajariso
formirebebSi, sapatimroebsa da Tavisuflebis aRkveTis adgilebSi moZRvris
institutis Seqmnas da amasTan dakavSirebiT Sesabamisi samarTlebrivi aqtebis
miRebas.
3. saxelmwifo da eklesia uflebamosilni arian ganaxorcielon mosaxleobis socialuri dacvis erToblivi programebi.
muxli 5.
1. saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebSi marTlmadidebeli sarwmunoebis Sesaxeb sagnis swavleba nebayoflobiTia. saswavlo programebis dadgena, Secvla,
pedagogTa daniSvna da gaTavisufleba xdeba eklesiis wardginebiT.
2. saxelmwifo da eklesia kanonmdeblobiT gansazRvruli wesiT ormxrivad
da gaTanabrebulad aRiareben Sesabamisi saswavlo dawesebulebebis mier gacemul
ganaTlebis damadasturebel dokumentebs, samecniero xarisxebsa da wodebebs.
3. saxelmwifo da eklesia uflebamosilni arian ganaTlebis sistemaSi
ganaxorcielon erToblivi programebi. saxelmwifo xels uwyobs eklesiis
saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebis funqcionirebas.
muxli 6.
1. eklesiis sakuTreba da sxva qonebrivi uflebebi daculia kanoniT.
eklesiis sakuTrebaSi SeiZleba iyos nebismieri qoneba, romelic ar aris
akrZaluli saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT.
629
2. eklesia Tavis arasaRvTismsaxuro qonebis flobas, sargeblobasa da

gankargvas axorcielebs saeklesio samarTlebrivi normebiTa da saqarTvelos
moqmedi kanonmdeblobiT.
3. eklesia uSualod ar axorcielebs samewarmeo saqmianobas.
4. eklesiis dafinansebis wyaros warmoadgens: nebayoflobiTi Semowirulobani, samewarmeo Semosavlebi, investiciebi, grantebi, daxmarebebi, moqmedi
kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad miRebuli sxva Semosavlebi.
5. eklesiis mier saRvTismsaxuro produqcia misi damzadeba, Semotana,
miwodeba da Semowiruloba, aseve araekonomikuri mizniT arsebuli qoneba da
miwa ganTavisuflebulia gadasaxadisagan.
6. saxelmwifo eklesiasTan SeTanxmebiT iZleva nebarTvas an licenzias
eklesiis oficialuri terminologiisa da simbolikis gamoyenebaze, agreTve,
saRvTismsaxuro produqciis damzadebaze, Semotanasa da miwodebaze.
muxli 7.
1. saxelmwifo eklesiis sakuTrebad cnobs saqarTvelos mTel teritoriaze

arsebul marTlmadideblur taZrebs, monastrebs (moqmeds da aramoqmeds), maT
nangrevebs, agreTve, miwis nakveTebs, romlebzec isinia ganlagebuli.
2. zemoaRniSnul nagebobaTa dacvis zonebi, maTi movla-patronobisa da
sargeblobis wesebi ganisazRvreba Sesabamisi saxelmwifo samsaxuris mier
moqmedi kanonmdeblobiT da eklesiasTan SeTanxmebiT.
muxli 8.
1. saxelmwifo eklesiis sakuTrebad cnobs saxelmwifo dacvaSi (muzeumebSi,
sacavebSi) myof saeklesio saganZurs (kerZo sakuTrebaSi arsebuli nawilis garda).
2. zemoaRniSnuli saeklesio saganZuri, rogorc saerTo-erovnuli saganZuris nawili, aris saxelmwifosa da eklesiis erTobliv mfarvelobaSi moqmedi kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad (wmida nawilebisa da wmida reliqviebis garda).
muxli 9.
1. saxelmwifo da eklesia erToblivad zrunaven istoriul-kulturuli da
arqeologiur-arqiteqturuli faseulobebis mqone saeklesio nagebobebisa da
saeklesio saganZuris saTanado dacvisa da movla-patronobisaTvis.
2. saxelmwifo eklesiasTan SeTanxmebiT, moqmedi kanonmdeblobis Tanaxmad,
amtkicebs damatebiT wesebs muzeumebsa da sacavebSi daculi saeklesio saganZuris sargeblobis Sesaxeb, aseve kulturul-istoriuli Rirebulebebis mqone
taZrebis aRdgenis, restavracia-konservaciis an moxatvis proeqtebs.
muxli 10.
saxelmwifo iRebs valdebulebas, awarmoos molaparakeba Sesabamis saxelmwifoebTan maT teritoriaze arsebuli yvela qarTuli marTlmadidebluri
taZris, monastris, maTi nivTebis dacvis, movla-patronobisa da sakuTrebis
Taobaze.
630
muxli 11.
1. saxelmwifo adasturebs XIX-XX ss-Si (gansakuTrebiT 1921-90 wlebSi),
saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobis dakargvis periodSi, eklesiisaTvis materialuri da moraluri zianis miyenebis faqts. rogorc CamorTmeuli qonebis
nawilis faqtobrivi mflobeli, iRebs valdebulebas materialuri zianis nawilobriv kompensaciaze (saqarTvelos ssr ministrTa sabWos dadgenileba 183;
12.04.90).
2. aRniSnuli sakiTxis Seswavlis, kompensaciis formebis, raodenobis,
vadebis, qonebis an miwis gadacemisa da sxva detalebis dasadgenad paritetul sawyisebze iqmneba komisia (am SeTanxmebis xelismoweridan erTi Tvis
vadaSi), romelic moamzadebs Sesabamisi normatiuli aqtebis proeqtebs.
muxli 12.
1. SeTanxmeba Sedgeba winamdebare teqstisa da terminTa ganmartebisagan.
2. SeTanxmebaSi cvlilebebisa da damatebebis Setana SesaZlebelia mxolod
mxareTa urTierTSeTanxmebis safuZvelze, orive mxaris xelmoweriTa da parlamentisa da wmida sinodis damtkicebiT.
3. SeTanxmebas xels aweren saqarTvelos prezidenti da sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi.
4. SeTanxmeba ZalaSi Sedis parlamentisa da wmida sinodis mier damtkicebisTanave.
saqarTvelos saxelmwifos saxeliT
saqarTvelos samociqulo
avtokefaluri marTlmadidebeli
eklesiis saxeliT
saqarTvelos prezidenti
sruliad saqarTvelos
e. SevardnaZe
kaTolikos-patriarqi
ilia II
sveticxovlis sapatriarqo taZari
14 oqtomberi 2002 w.
nawili
me o T xe
msoflio saeklesio krebebi

qarTvel episkoposTa
mon aw ileo b iT
631
632
633
Sesavali
irveli saukuneebidanve qarTvelebs TavianTi erovnuli Rirsebis ukeTes gamoxatulebad miaCndaT qristianuli sarwmunoebis
siwmidis
dacva.
qarTvelTa
mier marTlmadidebeli sarwmunoebis yvelaze ukeT
dacvis
Sesaxeb
miuTiTebdnen
ucxoeli
avtorebic.
prokofi kesarieli, romelsac VI s-Si movlili hqonda aziis, afrikisa da
evropis mravali qveyana, werda: ìberebi qristianebi arian da am sarwmunoebis
wesebs yvela imaze ukeT icaven, romelTac Cven vicnobT~. 1
amaves amtkicebdnen qarTuli
droidan
_
`mieriTgan
vidre
2
sarwmunoebasa zeda~.
wyaroebic, rom qarTveli xalxi

aRsasrulamde
hgies
SeuZvrlad
uZvelesi
marTalsa
VII s-is dasawyisSi kirion kaTalikosi werda, rom qarTvel xalxs mis
dromde da mis drosac aqvs is sarwmunoeba, romelic mociqulebma iqadages
da romelsac ierusalimis sarwmunoeba ewodeba, radganac naTqvamia, sjuli
sionidan gamova. 3
amaves amtkicebda 400 wlis Semdeg XI s-Si wmida giorgi mTawmideli: `wmidaTa
mociqulTa ganaTlebulni varT da radganac erTi RmerTi gvicnobies arRara uargviyvies da arca odes wvalebisa mimarT midrekil ars naTesavi Cveni... amas
ge orgika, II, 1965, gv. 48; 2 cx ovre bai nino
epistoleTa wigni, 1968, gv. 99.
1
ganmanaT lebel isai, Zeg l.,
IV, 1968,
gv. 352;
634
safuZvelsa zeda marTlmadideblobisasa
maT mociqulTa mtkice varT~.4
da
mcnebaTa
da
qadagebaTa
zeda
wmidaTa
ra gziT, ra saSualebebiT inarCunebdnen qarTvelebi mtkice marTlmadideblur

sarwmunoebas, romelic maT mociqulebisagan SeiTvises? kirion kaTalikosma pasuxi
gasca am kiTxvas da ganucxada, rom mizezi amisa iyo saqarTvelos eklesiis
mudmivi kavSiri msoflio eklesiasTan, viTarca misi erTi nawilisa, mtkiced
dacva msoflio saeklesio krebebis mier gamocemuli kanonebisa. am Temas
ganixilavs Cveni naSromi.
naSromSi `msoflio saeklesio krebebi qarTvel episkoposTa monawileobiT~
vixilavT I, II, III, IV, V, VI, e.w. `trulis~ da VII wmida msoflio krebebs, aseve
ferara-florenciis krebas, romelTa muSaobaSi qarTvelTa istoriuli miwa-wylis
episkoposebi eswrebodnen, maT saqarTveloSi CamohqondaT kidec msoflio saeklesio
krebebze SemuSavebuli kanonebi da acnobdnen Tavis mrevls.
giorgi mcire, cxovrebai giorgi mTawmidelisai, Zegl., II, gv. 154.
635
saqarTvelos ori episkoposi

I msoflio saeklesio krebaze (325 w.)
nikeis I msoflio krebas eswreboda
gaacamtvera da daimorCila. erTi wili
ori episkoposi qarTvelTa istoriuli

miwa-wylidan. eseni iyvnen biWvinTeli
episkoposi stratofile da trapezun-
maTgani gadaasaxla man pontos zRvis

marjvena mxareze da iq daasaxla~. 5
pontos `zRvis marjvena mxare~ iv.
teli episkoposi domne (domnusi). marTalia, ucnobia, iyvnen Tu ara isini

eTnikuri qarTvelebi, magram evsevi kesarieli, piradi xelismomweri I msoflio krebis dadgenilebisa da wodebuli
`saeklesio istoriis mamad~, Tavis TxzulebaSi amtkicebda, rom Savi zRvis sanapiro, sadac biWvinTisa da trapezuntis saepiskoposoebi iyvnen ganlagebulni,
qarTvelebiT anu iberebiT iyo dasaxle-
javaxiSvilis mixedviT, dasaxlebuli iyo

qarTveli tomebiT. àm teritoriaze batonobda qarTuli ena da misi dialeqtebi
- svanuri, megruli da lazuri~.
s. yauxCiSvili wers: ùaRresi mniSvnelobisaa nikeis krebaze biWvintis
episkoposis monawileoba istoriuli
TvalsazrisiT. faqti biWvintis episkoposis monawileobisa I msoflio krebaze
uTuod mowmobs im garemoebas, rom 325
buli. evsevi Tavis `qronikebSi~ werda

qarTvelTa Savi zRvis aRniSnul sana-
wlisaTvis dasavleT saqarTveloSi, romlis erT-erTi ekonomikuri da kultu-
piroze cx ovrebis Sesaxeb: `nabuqodonosorma, romelic herakleze ufro

Zlieri iyo, mas Semdeg, rac saomari
jari Sekriba, miaRwia libielTa qveyanaSi da iberTa qveyanaSi, ajoba maT,
ruli centri iyo biWvinta, imdenad

Zlieri yofila qristianuli organizacia, rom mas saepiskoposo kaTedrac
moepoveboda da misi warmomadgeneli
msoflio krebazec iqna miwveuli... cxa-
geo rgika, I, 1961, gv. 30.
636
dia, rom nikeis saeklesio krebaze miwveuli iyvnen mniSvnelovani saeklesio
centrebis moZRvarni. ase rom, rodesac
Cven nikeis mamaTa siaSi vkiTxulobT,
rom I saeklesio krebas daeswrnen trapezuntis episkoposi domnusi da biWvinTis episkoposi stratofileo, es imas
niSnavs, rom trapezunti da biWvinTa
aerTianebdnen msxvil saqristiano organizaciebs. axla sakiTxavia, visi iyo
es organizacia, magaliTad, biWvinTis
qristianebisa? iyo es mxolod da mxolod berZenTa organizacia Tu saerTod
biWvinTis mcxovrebTa organizacia? Tu
gaviTvaliswinebT istoriul perspeqtivas, moklebuli iqneba sakiTxis ase dayeneba, TiTqos biWvinTaSi mcxovrebi berZnebi iseTi maRali kedliT iyvnen gamijnuli am raionis danarCeni mosaxleobisagan (e.i. mosaxleobis umravlesobisagan),
rom berZnul koloniaSi Seiqmna mZlavri
qristianuli organizacia da es axali
ideologia ucnobi darCa biWvinTis araberZnuli (e.i. adgilobrivi) mosaxleobisaTvis. IV s-Si biWvinTis adgilobrivi
mosaxleoba ziarebuli rom ar yofiliyo qristianul moZRvrebas, gana SesaZlebeli iqneboda naxevari saukunis an
cota metis Semdeg iq agebuliyo adgilobrivi mcxovrebis moTaveobiT taZari,
Semkuli mozaikuri warweriT, romelSic qtitorad ixsenieba qarTveli warCinebuli, vinme òreli~? amgvarad, ar
aris saeWvod misaCnevi is uryevi debuleba, rom trapezuntisa da biWvinTis
episkoposebi, romelnic 325 wels I msoflio saeklesio krebas daeswrnen nikeaSi, mxolod berZnul mosaxleobas ki
ar warmoadgendnen, aramed mTel mosaxleobas, rogorc berZnuls, ise adgilobriv mkvidr mosaxleobas~. 6
6
geo rgika, I, 1961, gv. 7-9.
romis wmida imperatorma konstantine I didma (306-337), sanam 325 wlidan romis imperiis erTpirovnuli mbrZanebeli gaxdeboda, 313 wels Tavis mokavSi re a vg us t us l ic in iu s Ta n er Ta d
q. mediolanumSi (milanSi) gamosca ediqti
qristianobis uflebamosil religiad
gamocxadebis Sesaxeb. Sewyda qristianTa saSineli devna. konstantinem safuZveli daudo imperiis axali dedaqalaqis mSeneblobas, romelic daarsda kidec
330 wels da konstantinopoli ewoda.
am axali sataxto qalaqis daarsebamde,
325 wels, konstantine didma qalaq nikeaSi moiwvia I msoflio saeklesio kreba. msoflio kreba warmoadgens wmida
eklesiis umaRles xelisuflebas dedamiwaze, ganxorcielebuls suliwmidis xelmZRvanelobiT. I msoflio krebaze ganxilul iqna im droisaTvis yvelaze mwvave
saeklesio sakiTxi. aleqsandrieli mRvdeli ariozi uaryofda qristes RvTaebriobas, amtkicebda, ieso qriste mxolod
umaRlesi qmnilebaao. am cruswavlebam
moicva imperiis mravali regioni. wmida
krebam daadgina, rom ìeso qriste Ze
RvTisaa, Tanaarsi mamisa~, igi aris ara
qmnileba, aramed `mamisaganaa Sobili
uwinares yovelTa saukuneTa~ - `Sobili
da ara qmnili~.
nikeis I msoflio krebas eswreboda
318 episkoposi. im dros diakonma aTanase didma da wmida nikoloz saswaulTmoqmedma didad amxiles ariozi, romelic krebam mwvaleblad gamoacxada da
eklesiisagan gankveTa.
krebaze SemuSavda sarwmunoebis simbolo (kredo) mokle redaqciiT. neba
darTes mRvdlebsa da diakvnebs colis
yolisa da sxv.
637
krebas mTeli maSindeli saqristiano
poss, pafnuti zemo Tebaidel episko-
msoflios warmomadgenlebi daeswrnen, maT

Soris, rogorc iTqva, `qarTveli episko-
poss, pavle neokesariel episkoposs,

ioane sparsels, Teona kizikel episko-
posebi~ stratofile biWvinTeli da domnus trapezunteli. krebis monawileTa

siebi 6 enazea moRweuli, romelTaganac
Cans, rom romis imperiaSi moqceul
saqarTvelos aRniSnul kuTxeTa (biWvin-
poss, aleqsandre solunel episkoposs,

nunexi laodikiel episkoposs, protogen sardikiel episkoposs, cecilian karTagenel episkoposs, pisti markianopolel
episkoposs, ipati gangrel episkoposs,
Tisa da trapezuntis) episkoposebi Sediodnen polemonis pontos eparqiaSi.
garpokration kinopolel episkoposs;

presviterTagan: biton da bikenti roma-
I msoflio krebaze damswre episkoposTagan sokrate, sozomeni da sxva istorikosebi CamoTvlian Semdeg mniSvnelo-
el presviterebs; aramarTlmadidebeli
episkoposebi: evstevi nikomidieli, Teogniste nikeeli, maris qalkedoneli, Teo-
van pirebs: osia kordubels (espaneTidan),
na marmarikeli, sekundi ptolemaideli,
aleqsandre aleqsandriel episkoposs,

evstaTi antioqiel episkoposs, leonti
kesaria kapadokiel episkoposs, makari
ierusalimel episkoposs, nikoloz miron-
menofante efeseli, patrofil skviTopoleli, narkis neronieli. 7

qalaqi gangra mcire aziaSi mdebareobda, aqedan iyo ipati gangreli episko-
lukiel episkoposs, spiridon trimifuntel episkoposs, iakob nizibiel episko-
posi da ara saqarTvelodan, rogorc miiCnevs zogierTi qarTveli istorikosi.
Ltzybz Dctktycrb[ Cj,j hjd^ n& I (I, II, III cj, jhs)^ Cfyrn-Gtnth,ehum^ 1996 ^ c& 77 -78&
638
qarTveli episkoposi II msoflio krebaze (381 w.)

II msoflio krebis kanonebs qarTvelma
episkoposma pantofilem moawera xeli.
Cvenamde moRweulia II msoflio, anu
ioane sparsi (sparseli). rogorc Cans,

berZnul-romauli kulturuli msoflios
gareT mcxovreb xalxTa episkoposebs
rogorc mas xSirad uwodeben `konstantinopolis pirveli~ krebis xelismomwer 150 episkoposTa sia, maT Sorisaa
zogjer eTnikuri saxelebiT moixseniebdnen. iberebi, anu qarTvelebi aRniSnul dros cxovrobdnen mTel aRmosav-
`ponto amisiis olqidan pantofile iberieli~. 8 zogierT xelnawerSi pantofiles

nacvlad weria `ponsife iberieli~ an
`pasifil iberieli~. am krebis xelismomweri episkoposebi qalaqebis saxel-
leT SavizRvispireTSi. iberebi, cxadia,

cxovrobdnen ponto amisiis olqSic. iberielTa (maT Soris igulisxmeboda yvela qarTveli tomi, svanebi da lazebic)
zRvispireTis vrcel arealze cxovre-
wodebebis mixedviT moixsenebian, magaliTad, pantofiles momdevno xelismomweri episkoposi - `martiri markianopoleli~, amitom, erTi SexedviT pantofile
iberieli TiTqosda ponto amisiis olq-
bas imiT xsnidnen eklesiis Zveli mamebi, rom maT miiCnevdnen nabuqodonosoris
dros samxreTis iberiidan (Cans, mcire
aziis samxreT-dasavleT nawilidan lidiidan (libiidan) da Zveli iberiidan)
Si mdebare im qalaqidanaa, romelsac

ìberia~ erqva, magram ìberieli~, am
SemTxvevaSi eTnikuri kuTvnilebis Sesaxeb
unda miuTiTebdes. Sesadareblad, SeiZleba vTqvaT, rom I msoflio krebis
kanonebs xeli moawera episkoposma aseve
eTnikuri kuTvnilebis mixedviT, es iyo
CrdiloeTSi gadasaxlebulad (Cans es

iyo `moqcevaA qarTlisaAs~ qveyana àrian-qarTli~), amitom iyo xmelTaSuazRvispireTidan Savi zRvis aRmosavleT sanapiromde uvrcelesi regionebi dasaxlebuli qarTvelTa jgufebiT. maTgan iyo
pantofile iberieli Tu saqarTvelodan
Ltzybz Dctktycrb[ Cj,jhjd^ n& I^ CG<^ 1996^ c& 123$
`saqarTvelos eklesiis kalendari~ 1974 wlis gv. 131.
639
(politikuri iberiidan), CvenTvis ucno-
II msoflio krebis me-2 kanoni bal-
bia. amis Sesaxeb Tavisi mosazreba hqondaT XX s-is qarTvel mRvdelmTavrebs.
samons miaCnda misi drois eklesiebis

avtokefalobis kanonikur safuZvlad. 11
saqarTvelos eklesias XX s-is 2070-ian wlebSi marTavdnen istorikosi

mRvdelmTavrebi. maT mier mowodebuli
cnobiT II msoflio saeklesio krebaze
monawileobas iRebda saqarTvelos ek-
aRniSnuli muxli, balsamonis azriT,

uflebas aZlevs saxelmwifos sazRvrebis SigniT arsebul eklesias iyos TviTmwyemsi, anu imarTebodes adgilobrivi
saeklesio krebis mier.
lesiis warmomadgeneli. saqarTvelos eklesiis oficialuri organo msoflio kre-
II msoflio krebis me-2 muxlis mixedviT, IV s-Si imperiis gareT mcxovreb
baTa ganxilvisas wers: ÌI msoflio saeklesio krebaze monawileobas iRebda saqarTvelos (iberiis) eklesiis warmomad-
xalxTa eklesiebi imarTeboda `mamaTa mier

dawesebuli Zveli kanonebis mixedviT~.
cxadia, 381 wlis msoflio krebisaTvis
geneli episkoposi pantofile. 9 381 wels
am mxriv, yvelaze avtoritetuli unda
konstantinopolSi mowveuli msoflio

kreba mniSvnelovani iyo mcire adgilobrivi eklesiebisaTvis imiT, rom igi Tavisi me-2 kanoniT icavda maT TavisTava-
yofiliyo mociqulTa kanonebis 34-e

muxli, romelSic naTqvamia: `yvela eris
dobas: TiToeul saeklesio samTavros

(e.i. saeklesio erTeulis momcvel politikur-administraciul teritorias) ganagebs amave samTavros saeklesio kreba
zedmeti ar unda gaakeTon mis gareSe~. 12

erTi aseTi iyo qristiani qarTveli xalxi,
miT umetes, rom mas hqonda Tavisi saxelmwifo, romlis eklesiis avtokefali-
nikeaSi gansazRvruli kanonis Tanaxmad,

xolo `warmarTa Soris arsebuli ucxo
tomTa eklesiebi unda ganagon mamaTa mier
is safuZveli ZvelTaganve aris I da II

krebaTa mier damtkicebuli pirvelqristianuli Temebis (SemdegSi saeklesio erTeulebis) TavisTavadoba.
didi sjuliskanon i, saqarTvelos ekles iis kal endari, 1987, gv. 211; 11 saq arTvelos samociqulo
ekle siis is toria, t. I. 1986, gv . 85-20 3; 12 didi sjul iskanon i, iqve , gv. 166.
10
640
qarTveli episkoposi III msoflio krebaze (431 w.)

431 wels efesoSi Catarda III msof-
qsti. 17 nestorianebs, romelnic daama-
lio saeklesio kreba, rogorc miiCneven

am krebis momzadebaSi monawileoba mi-
rcxa III msoflio krebam, didad ebrZoda qarTuli eklesia. am brZolaSi gam-
uRia qarTlis e.w. `sparsuli nawilis~

episkoposs ieremias. 13 am krebis masalebSi moxseniebuli qarTveli episkoposi
oirCeodnen qarTveli mamebi, imdenad moSurneni nestoris wvalebis aRmosafxvrelad, rom zogierT maTgans, Cans, ver
ieremia, rogorc mas uwodeben, ìberieli ierem ia~ yofila nesto rianelTa
SeugrZvnia sidiade qalkedonis krebisa

da es didi kreba qalkedonisa nestorisad-
winaaRmdeg mebrZoli da V s-is pirvel

naxevarSi gaafTrebiT ibrZoda nestorian elT a d oqt rini s w ina aRm deg . 1 4 w m.
grigol feraZis cnobiT, konstantinopolSi yofila `didaqes~, anu `12 mociqulTa moZRvrebis~ kanonikuri mwerlobis erT-erTi adrindeli Zeglis _
mi daTmobad miuCn eviaT. am moSurne

qarTvelTa saxelebi da Sromebi Semdgom
ganadgurda. III kreba CvenTvis imiTacaa
aRsaniSnavi, rom man me-8 muxliT daicva patara kviprosis avtokefalia.
Tu qarTlis samefo V s-is pirvel
naxevarSi orad iyo gayofili, dasaSve-
Targmani, gadaRebuli 1923 wels, vinme

feiqriSvilis mier. feraZis azriT, igi
gadaTargmnilia berZnulidan qarTul
enaze V s-Si, ieremia iberielis mier.
bia yofiliyo qarTlis _ `sparsuli~ da

`berZnuli~ nawilebis eklesiebi. SeiZleba
isini gaaerTiana vaxtang gorgasalma da
`sparsul qarTlSi~ dainiSna cnobili
es ieremia Tavis Tavs ase uwodebs: ìeremia urhaeli qarTveli marTlmadidebeli, yaribobis gamo Tavisianebsa da samSobl os daS orebul i~. 15 k . ke keli Ze
fiqrobs, rom `didaqes~ aseTi Targmani
axali 12 episkoposi. savaraudod `sparsul qarTlSi~ Sedioda teritoria armazidan _ qvemo qarTlisa da kaxeT-hereTis CaTvliT, xolo berZnulSi _ mcxeTa
(samTavro) da dasavleT saqarTvelo.
ar arsebobda da ieremia urhaeli ar

yofila da arc umoRvawia urhaSi. 16 k.
kekeliZis azriT `didaqe~ axal droSia
Se saZ loa , s wore d a m ` spa rsu li

iberi idan~ iy o warmoS obiT ier emia,
romelic III msoflio krebis muSaobaSi
Targmnili, SesaZloa mas Semdegac, rac

filoTeos brieniosma aRmoaCina misi te-
monawileobda, da im droisaTvis igi

q. urhaSi iyo gadasuli samoRvaweod.
v. goilaZe qarTl is same fo. avt oreferati doqt oris x arisxis mosapo veblad 1998 w. gv. 20; 14 k.
k ek el iZ e, e tiude bi I. 51, 62; 15 k. k ek el iZ e, ie re mia ib er ie l i an tine st or ian el i mo Rv awe V
sauk unisa, Tbilis is univ ersite tis moambe #9 1928 w. gv. 187, 19 8; 16 k. kekeliZe, Zve li qar Tuli
lite raturis istoria I, g v. 560, gv. 483; 17 i. kvaWaZ e, Sen iSvneb i `didaqes~ T argman is Ses axeb
lite raturuli Zieb ani, # 3 gv. 375 da 377.
13
641
saqarTvelos ori episkoposi IV msoflio krebaze (451 w.)

qalkedonSi Semdgar 451 wlis IV msoflio krebas, udidesi mniSvnelobis mqones
msoflio eklesiisaTvis, qarTul wyaroTa mtkicebiT imTaviTve dauWira mxari
saqarTvelos eklesiam, gansakuTrebiT ki
VI s-is Sua xanebidan, rac imperator
zenonis `henotikonma~ Tavisi Tavi amowura.
zogierTi cnobiT qalkedonis krebis
muSaobaSi `monawileoba miuRia sebastopolis (nikofsiis) episkoposs~. 18
nikofsia, Cvens winaprebs qarTvelTa
qveynis ganuyofel nawilad miaCniaT,
rogorc es ganacxada wmida giorgi mTawmidelma antioqiis sapatriarqo karze
gamarTul mRvdelmTavarTa Sekrebaze èrTi wmida Tormet mociqulTagani, simons vityvi kananelsa, qveyanasa Cvensa
damarxul ars - afxazeTs, romelsa nikofsi ewodebis. amaT wmidaTa mociqulTa ganaTlebulni varT~. 19
nikofsiaSi mociqul simon kananelis
saflavis Sesaxeb berZnuli saeklesio
wyaroebic miuTiTebdnen - àrs jiqeTs
nikofsiaSi saflavi, romelsa aqvs warwera simon kananelisa~. 20
romeli xalxis qveyanaSi iyo dakrZaluli wmida mociquli simoni? rogorc
aRiniSna, mas giorgi mTawmideli `qveyanasa Cvensa - afxazeTs~ uwodebda.
antioqiis patriarqi giorgi mTawmidels
uwodebda `naTesaviT qarTvels~. `daRacaTu
naTesaviT qarTveli xar, xolo swavlulebiTa
da mecnierebiT Cvenive swori xar~.21
maSasadame, giorgi mTawmideli afxazeTs `Cven qveyanas~ anu `qarTvelTa qveyanas~ uwodebda. am qveyanas, sadac iqad-
ages mociqulebma, qarTuli da berZnuli

saeklesio wyaroebi zogjer `qvemo iberias~, xolo Zveli rusuli wyaroebi `dasavleT iverias~ uwodebdnen - (Gj crfpfyb.
ktnjgbcwf^ fgjcnjk Fylhtq &&& ghjybryek
d pfgflye. Bdthb. &&& ,sk jy d Rkfh;tn^
Fwrdth^ W[ev^ Vbyuhtkbb^ F,[fpbb b d
lheub[ vtcnf[)& 2 2
biWvinTis arqeologiuri kvleviT dadginda, rom am qalaqSi qristianobas uZlieresi safuZvlebi gaaCnda, amitomac miiRo
kidec 325 wels I msoflio krebis muSaobaSi misma episkoposma monawileoba, amitom
imave regionidan IV msoflio krebis Semzadeba-muSaobaSi episkoposis monawileoba
daujereblad ar migvaCnia. nikita paflagonieli (gard. 873 w.) pirdapir wers, rom
wmida mociqulma andream ìqadaga iverTa
Soris~. 23 amasve acxadebda dabejiTebiT
wmida giorgi mTawmideli ori saukunis
Semdeg antioqiis patriarqis winaSe.
IV msoflio krebis saqmianobisas
episkoposTa jgufma mimarTviT mimarTa
imperators, am siaSi naxsenebia `pavle,
presviteri, imerieli episkoposis uraniosis moadgile~, 24 komentaris Tanaxmad
sxva xelnawerSi am ìmerielis~ nacvlad
Cawerilia ìverieli~ 25 (imeria qalaqs
erqva anatoliaSi).
qalkedonis krebis xelismomwer episkoposTa Soris dasaxelebulia àtarve trapezunteli~.26 unda vifiqroT, rom am krebis
suliskveTeba Tavidanve iyo cnobili CvenSi.
maSasadame, qalkedonis krebas ori
episkoposi eswreboda istoriuli saqarTvelodan.
F,[fpbz b d ytq Yj dj-Fajycrbq Cbvjyj-R fyfyfncrbq vjyfcnshm^ V& 189 8$ 19 gio rgi mcir e, cxov reba
gio rgi mTawmidelisa, Z.q .a.l. Z., II, 1967, gv . 154 ; 20 ep ifane kons tantinopol eli, p. in goroyva,
gior gi mer Cule, 1954, gv. 226; 21 gio rgi mcire, cx . g. mT awmidel isa, Z .q.a.l. Z., II, 1967, gv. 153; 22
F,[fpbz b d ytq Y jdj-Faj ycrbq&& & c& 1 8$ 23 iqv e, gv. 19, Se niSvna 2; 24 Ltzybz Dctktycrb[ Cj,jhjd^ n&
III^ CG <^ 1996 ^ c& 5 1$ 25 iqv e, gv. 51, Se niSvna 1; 26 iqv e, gv. 147.
18
642
erTi cnoba V msoflio krebis (553 w.) muSaobaSi

saqarTvelos episkoposis monawileobis Sesaxeb
monawileobda Tu ara saqarTvelodan romelime episkoposi V msoflio
krebis muSaobaSi, dazustebuli ar aris,
istorikosi b. diasamiZe miiCnevs, rom
Savi zRvispira q. petras episkoposi ioane
berZnuli saepiskoposoebi Tavisi namdvili saxiT daarsdnen mxolod herakle

keisris laSqrobis Semdeg, rac am imperatorma dasavleT saqarTvelos zRvispireTi uSualod miuerTa bizantiis im-
monawileobda 553 wlis V msoflio (konstantinopolis II) saeklesio krebis

muSaobaSi. misi TqmiT, saqarTvelos kidev
sami episkoposi awers xels am krebis
dadgenilebas, maTgan fazisisa da sebas-
perias, ramac ufleba misca konstantinopols Tavisi iurisdiqcia ganexorcielebina masze. am mosazrebas b. diasamiZe ar iziarebs. 28
Cven gvaqvs bizantiis imperator ius-
topolisis warmomadgenlebic episkoposis xarisxSi arian moxseniebulni. 27 Cveni

azriT, es cnoba dasazustebelia, radganac piradad gadavaTvaliereT V msoflio krebis xelismomwerTa sia, magram,
samwuxarod, aseTi xelismomwerebi masSi ver aRmovaCine, Tumca, SesaZloa, vcde-
tinianes XXXI novela, romelSic CamoTvlilia es da sxva qalaqebi. ai, ras

wers maT Sesaxeb imperatori 535 wels
Tavis moxeles - `pitiunti da sebastopolisi xom ufro cixe-simagreebSia CasaTvleli, vidre qalaqebSi~. 29 rac Seexeba petras, igi iustinianes dros qceu-
bode. Cemi TvalsazrisiT, md. klisuras

marcxniv mdebare dasavleT saqarTvelos
la qalaqad, - igi wers, rom petras

`C veng niT xvd a wi lad qal aqi gam x-
b. diasamiZe, `qris tian oba dasav leT saqar Tvel oSi (I-X ss-Si),
2001 w., g v. 176; 28 iqv e, gv. 17; 29 geo rgika, t. 2, 19 65, gv. 31.
27
gamomceml oba àWar a~,
baTumi,
643
dariyo~. 30 s. yauxCiSvili varaudobs, rom
axla, Cveni mefobis dros romaelTa mier
petra, SesaZloa iqamde ukve iyo dasaxlebuli punqti da garkveuli savaWro
dapyrobili, masac aqvs ukve qalaqad

qceuli adgilebi, momavalSic eqneba
centri, romelic iustinianes dros cixesimagred gadaiqca. 31 iustiniane aRniS-
sxvebi. am qveynis Semdeg damkvidrebulni

arian sxva tomebic, svanebi, skvimnebi,
nul novelaSi CamoTvlis sxva zRvispira simagreebs (da ara qalaqebs), maT
Soris, arqeopolissa da rodopoliss,
qalaqTa Soris saerTod ar asaxelebs
afsilebi, abazgebi da sxva, RvTis SewevniT, Cveni megobari tomebi, magram am

qveynebze laparakma Sors wagviyvana,
daubrundeT isev pontoebs da maTi gaer-
faziss. qalaqebis raodenoba, TviT ius-
Tianebis sakiTxs. amgvarad, orive am
tinianes sityviT, bizantiis aRmosavleT

Savi zRvispira adgilebSi Zalze mcire
iyo. aseve iyo TviT helenopontoSic ki,
pontos, romelic xsenebul 13 qalaqs

Seicaven, kvlav erT eparqiad vaerTianebT
da vaniWebT maT Zvelis erTianobas da
romelic Seudareblad ufro iyo ganviTarebuli savaWro-ekonomikuri Tval-
axal saxelwodebas: `helenoponto ewodos mas mTlianad~. 32 maSasadame, hele-
sazrisiT, vidre lazeTi da WaneTi. iustiniane wers orad gayofili pontos
nopontoSi 8 qalaqia, polemonis pontoSi ki _ 5, orive ponto iustinianem erT
qalaqebis Sesaxeb - `TiToeuli am qveynis qalaqebi rom daiTvalo, Zlivs erTi
samoqalaqo administraciul erTeulad

e.w. eparqiad gaaerTiana helenopontos
eparqiisaTvis aRmoCndeba sakmarisi, marTlac helenopontoSi sul 8 qalaqia...
saxelwodebiT. am pontoSi, kerZod ki

polemonis pontoSi Sedian cixe-simagreebi
xolo polemonis pontoSi Sedis 5 sxva

qalaqi (neokesaria, komana, trapezunti,
kerasunti da polemonioni. pitiunti da
pitiunti da sebastopolisi. ponto

bizantiis anu `romis~ imperiis ganuyofeli nawilia. sxvaa lazeTi da Wane-
sebastopolisi xom ufro cixe-simagreeb-
Ti. lazeTic, Cans, ramdenime nawilad
Sia CasaTvleli, vidre qalaqebSi), ase,

rom TiToeuli pontos Semadgenloba aseTia, maT Semdeg mdebareobs Cveni lazike,
sadac aris qalaqi petra, romelsac Cveng-
iyofa, maTgan erT-erTs iustiniane `Cvens

lazikes~ uwodebs (maSasadame, igi bizantielTa mieraa dapyrobili), masSi
Sedis axali qalaq i petra, agreTve
niT xvda wilad qalaqi gamxdariyo da

darqmeoda da romelsac mieniWa Cveni
ùdidesi da Zveli simagreebi~ arqeopolisi da rodopolisi. romaelTa (bizan-
uzenaesobis saxelic da ewoda iustiniane, Semdeg arqeopolisi da rodopoli-
tielTa) mier axali dapyrobilia (iustinianes dros) WanTa qveyana. am qveynis
si, udidesi da Zveli simagreebi. aqve

Sedis agreTve Cvens mier sparselebisa-
gareT cxovrobdnen tomebi svanebisa,

skvimnebisa, afsilebsa da abazgebisa.
gan ukan CamorTmeuli simagreebi skandisi, sarapanisi, muxurisi, lisisi da
mkvidri mosaxleoba ZiriTadad soflebSi cxovrobs. am soflebSi mcxovre-
sxva ramec, rac ki lazeTSi SeviZineT,

Semdeg modis WanTa qveyana, mxolod
bi qristianebis mRvdelmTavars VI s-is

avtori prokofi kesarieli - kaTolikoss
30
geor gika, t . 2, 1965, gv. 34;
31
iqve, SeniSvna 2;
32
iust inianes noveleb i, iqve, gv. 34-37.
644
uwodebs: - `qristianTa mRvdelmTavar-
onisti mcxovrebni sxva berZnul (droe-
sac kaTolikoss uwodeben elinTa eniTa,

radgan is erTi ganagebs yvela iqaur
biT) iurisdiqciaSi imyofebodnen. magram,

sabednierod gvaqvs somxurive wyaro,
soflebs~. 33 prokofi kesarieli am kaTalikoss axsenebs swored q. petras aRw-
romelic dabejiTebiT amtkicebs, rom

egrisis qristianebi VI s-is bolosa da
eris dros. ara qalaqis mosaxleobis

mRvdelmTavaria `kaTolikosi~, aramed
ìqauri soflebisa~. ratom? albaT imitom, rom zRvispira qalaqebi berZen-
VII s-is dasawyisSi qarTlis kaTalikos

kirions eqvemdebarebodnen, `Zveli wesis
Sesabamisad~ _ viTarca egrisis arqiepiskoposs. aqamde, sayovelTaod iyo
romael kolonistebs ekuTvnodaT, da ara
(da aris) cnobili, rom zRvispira qalaqe-
adgilobriv mkvidr mosaxleobas. magaliTad visi qalaqia fazisi? V s-is anonimis sityviT, igi berZnebis, kerZod ki
bi berZenTa samosaxloebs (koloniebs,

dasaxlebebs) warmoadgendnen, eseni iyvnen
sevastopolisi dioskuria, naxsenebi
mileteli kolonistebisaa - `fasisis

marcxniT mdebareobs miletelTa eli-
ptolemeosis mier, biWvinTa, fazisi da

sxv. k olxeTis be rZnul qala qebs
nuri qalaqi, romelsac fazisi ewodeba~. 34 ara yvela qalaqia elinebis, aramed
uwodebs mas s. yauxCiSvili. 35 yvela Zveli avtoris dabejiTebuli mtkicebiT am
isini, romelSic TviTonve kolonistobdnen, magaliTad, imave avtoris cnobiT
qalaqebis gareT mcxovrebi mosaxleoba

barbarosulia, ase uwodebdnen dasav-
md. fazisze mdebare q. aia mkvidri

mosaxleobisaa, aqedan iyo medea. ius-
leT saqarTvelos ara berZnul-romaul

tomebs, Tumca aRniSnul epoqaSi isini
tinianes mier zRvispireTSi daarsebuli

petra da sxva qalaqebi, cxadia, romaeli jariskacebisa da movaWreebisaTvis
qristianebi iyvnen da TavianTi `lazTa

episkoposebi~ da `kaTalikosi~ hyavdaT. 36
b. diasamiZem SesaniSnavad gamoikv-
aSenda da ara mkvidri mosaxleobisaTvis,
lia dasavleT saqarTvelos saepiskopo-
amitom saeklesio iurisdiqciac Sesabamisia am qalaqebSi mcxovrebi kolonistebis mRvdelmTavari VI s-Si, gansaxilvel droisaTvis sxvaa, xolo mRvdel-
soTa Camoyalibebis istoria, Tumca, mosazreba, rom petras saepiskoposo VI sis Sua xanebSi funqcionirebda da misi
episkoposi ioane monawileobda 553 wlis
mTvari `soflebis~ anu mkvidri mosaxleobisa - `kaTolikosia~, aq cxadia,
V msoflio (konstantinopolis II) saeklesio krebis muSaobaSi saeWvoa. 37 rad-
mcxeTeli kaTalikosi igulisxmeba, radganac dasavleT saqarTveloSi, rogorc
ganac V msoflio krebis muSaobis dros

cixe-qalaqi petra miwasTan iyo gaswore-
dabejiTebiTaa cnobili, kaTalikosi ar

ijda, aseTi iyo mxolod mcxeTasa da
buli im aTwliani daundobeli brZolis

gamo, romelic swored am qalaqisaTvis
dvinSi. am ukanasknelsac ierarqiulad

rom daqvemdebareobda adgilobrivi qris-
mimdinareobda romaelTa (bizantielTa)

da iranelTa jarebs Soris. masSi aTa-
tianoba, mainc imas niSnavs, rom zRvispira

qalaqebis ucxoeli jariskacebi da kol-
sobiT saukeTeso meomari monawileobda

TviT iranis saxelovani Sahis xosro I-
33
geo rgika, 2, 1965, gv. 88;
34
iqv e, gv. 4;
35
iqv e, gv. 26;
36
iqve , gv. 125;
37
iqv e, gv. 176.
645
isa da gamoCenili bizantieli stratege-
vetebi, lazebi~, istorikosi epifane (VIII
bis moTaveobiT. lazikis didi 20-wliani

omis dros 542 wels petras miadga
s.): `mociquli andria qadagebda skviTTa, sogdianTa da gorsinTa Soris did
iranelTa Sahi da didi brZolis Semdeg

qalaqi aiRo da masSi Tavisi jari Caay-
sevastopolSi, sadac aris afsari, isosis navsayudari da mdinare fazisi. iq
ena. es jari aq idga. 551 wels 6.000-ma

bizantielma meomarma qalaqi gaWirvebiT
aiRo, akropolisSi gamagrebulma 500-ma
sparselma meomarma tyveobas cocxlad
cxovroben iberebi, susebi, fustebi da

alanebi~. igive epifane kvlav wers `sxva mociqulebi iyvnen qalaqebSi, qadagebdnen, saswaulmoqmedebdnen da iyvnen
dawva amjobina. bizantielebma qalaqi
iberiaSi da fazisSi, ramdenime dRis
aiRes, Semdeg ki misi zRudeebi miwasTan

gaaswores, rom mters is momavalSi kvlav ar daemkvidrebina. lazikaSi omi
Semdeg mividnen svaneTSi~. s. yauxCiSvilis mtkicebiT ucxoeli mkvlevarebi ìberiasa~ da ìberebSi~ gulisxmobdnen da-
kidev gagrZelda 562 wlis zavis dadebamde. ase rom, 553 wels qalaqi petra
savleT saqarTvelos olqsa da mcxovreblebs (zRvispiras), amitomac, s. yaux-
miwasTan iyo gasworebuli da amitomac

ma s, alb aT, ar c e pis kop osi hy avd a!
CiSvils dadgenilad miaCnia, rom dasavleT saqarTvelo dasaxlebuli iyo ara
rogorc iTqva, gvaeWvebs petras episkopisis monawileoba 553 wlis V krebis
mxolod megrul-Wanuri tomebiT, aramed

iberielebiTac. 38 Cveni fiqriT, Secdomaa
muSaobaSi, arc is aris gamoricxuli,

rom Tuki namdvilad hyavda petras episko-
sxvadasxv a eTnosebad warm ovadginoT

ìberebi~ da `megrel-Wanebi~. es erTi
posi VI s-Si, igi omianobis gamo ltolvilis statusiT imyofeboda konstantinopolSi. mcxeTeli kaTalikosi, imJamad
xalxi iyo, erTi enis mqone, amis Sesaxeb miuTiTebs TiTqmis Tanadrouli VII
s-is wyaro `moqcevaA qarTlisaA~, rom-
miRebuli Cveulebis Tanaxmad, eTnosis
lis mixedviTac arian-qarTlidan gadmo-
(eris) pirvelmRvdelmTavrad iTvleboda

(viTarca moiTxovos mociqulTa 34-e
kanoni), am eris qveS ki Cven unda vigulisxmoT qarTvelebi, romelTac somxebi
saxlebuli mosaxleoba dasaxlda ara

mxolod aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi, aramed
mTel dasavleT saqarTveloSi, mdinare
egriswylamde, xolo XII s-is dasawyi-
vracebs, xolo berZnebi da romaelebi

lazebs da iberebs uwodebdnen. s. yaux-
sis moRvawe arsen beri werda _ `Cven,

Svilni varT maT arian-qarTliT gamo-
CiSvili wers: `rogorc wyaroebidan Cans,

berZen-romaelma mwerlebma kargad icod-
sulTani da enaA maTi vuwyiT~, somxuri

wyaroebis dabejiTebuli mtkicebiTac
nen, rom iberia ewodeboda ara mxolod

aRmosavleT saqarTvelo, aramed dasav-
samxreTis qveynidan gadmosaxlebis Semdeg nabuqodonosorma qarTvelebi daasax-
leT saqarTvelos zRvispira olqsac. magaliTad pliniusi (VI, 11): àm adg-
la Savi zRvis aRmosavleT sanapiroze.

qarTvelTa Tavdapirvel sacxovrad kavka-
ilebSi, mTebs iqiT aris iberia, sanapiroze cxovrobdnen henioxebi, ampre-
siaSi rogorc movses xorenaci, ise uxtanesi miiCnevs dasavleT saqarTvelos,
38
georgika, 2, 1965, gv. 26.
646
kerZod ki SavizRvispireTs. 39 b. diasam-
amanac gaaadvila maSin saqarTvelos am
iZis mniSvnelovani dakvirvebiT, aRniSnul epoqaSi - àdgilobrivi kolxuri
ori nawilis gaerTianeba. zanuris saerTo qarTveluri enidan gamoyofas axali
(zanuri) ena am dros arc ise didi xnis

wina aris gamoyofili saerTo qarTuli
fuZe enidan~. 40
T. gamyreliZem da m. maWavarianma
daadgines, rom `qarTul-zanuri diver-
welTaRricxvidan varaudoben... amitom IV

s-is kolxisaTvis sulac ar iqneboda
gaugebari aRmosavluri qarTuli ena,
amitom sarwmuno Cans mTavarepiskopos
a. jafariZis azri wers b. diasamiZe
g en ci a mo xd a Cv en i we lT aR ri cx vi s
mijnaze. 41 aRniSnul epoqaSi - àdgilo-
rom, marTalia, arsebobda axlad warmoqmnili qarTuli fuZe enis daSlis Sed-
brivi kolxuri (zanuri) ena am dros

arc ise didi xnis win aris gamoyofili
saerTo qarTveluri fuZe enidan~. 40
egad miRebuli tomobrivi enebi qarTebisa da megrelebisa, magram es enebi erTmaneTis mimarT dialeqtebs warmoad-
àkad. a. Ciqobava da Semdeg misi
gendnen da imdenad axlos idgnen erT-
mimdevrebi (q. lomTaTiZe, m. qurdiani,

t.futkaraZe) am sakiTxis Seswavlis amosaval meTodad kanonzomier da regularul bgeraTSesatyvisobis arsebobis
maneTTan, rom SeiZleboda erTian enaze

laparaki~. 43 amis Sesaxeb miuTiTebda jer
kidev iv. javaxiSvili, rodesac man gamoikvlia, rom qristianobis miRebamde
dadgenas miiCneven. am meTodiT sakiTxis

SeswavliT gakeTebulia daskvna, rom
Zveli welTaRricxvis II s-dan iwyeba
saerTo qarTveluri fuZe enidan SiSina
saqarTvelos yvela kuTxeSi, maT Soris

samegrelosa da svaneTSi warmarTuli
kultmsaxurebis enas qarTuli ena warmoadgenda, da warmarTuli sakulto ter-
à enis~ gamoyofa, romlisaganac momdevno aTaswleulSi CamoinakvTa zanuri

(SiSina o) da svanuri (SiSina a) enebi...
axali welTaRricxvis IX s-dan zanurs,
minologia (qarTulenovani) Zalze daxvewili iyo, rom qristianobis SemoRebis Semdeg saerTo saRvTismetyvelo saeklesio enis Seqmna-CamonakveTis saqmeSi
svanursa da qarTuls Soris ukve Camoyalibebulia, CvenTvis cnobili bgeraTSesatyvisobani, magram yvela qarTuli
samefos saxelmwifo da saeklesio ena
mainc saliteraturo qarTulia~, 42 _ wers
megrelebsa da svanebs aqtiuri monawileoba hqonda miRebuli. iv. javaxiSvilis am kvlevis mamtkicebel faqtad miviCnevT Cven ioane lazis (igive miTridate pontoelis) yofnas aRmosavleT
b. diasamiZe.
axali kvlevebiT miCneulia, rom kolxuri kultura iyo saerTo qarTuli kul-
sa qar Tve loS i, sw ore d s aek les io

liturgikuli enis Camoyalibebis dros
iberiis samefo karze (sadac mimdinare-
tura da mis Semqmnel xalxs `gaaCnda

saerTo qarTuli ena da rom farnavazi
da quji erT enaze laparakobdnen da
obda kidec es muSaoba), ufliswulis,

momavali petre iberis, aRmzrdelad da
naTliad. s. yauxCiSvilis mixedviT, is
saq. samociqulo eklesiis istoria, t. I, gv. 107-109; 40 b. diasamiZe, qristianoba dasavleT

saqarTveloSi, baTumi, 2001, gv. 71; 41 iqve, gv. 72, gamyreliZe T. maWavariani g. sonantTa sistema
da ablauti qarTvelur enebSi, 1965, gv. 17; 42 iqve, gv. 73, futkaraZe t. saqarTveloSi enobriveTnikuri situaciis istoriuli dinamikisaTvis (winaswari moxseneba), quTaisi, 1999, gv. 159 ; 43 b.
diasamiZe, dasax. naSr. gv. 74.
39
647
iqamde yofila fasisis ritorikuli sko-
li arqiteqturis gamoyenebiT da masSi
lis erT-erTi xelmZRvaneli da albaT,

amitom ioane lazis mier dafuZnebul
arsebuli qarTuli Tanadrouli warwerebiT, cxadia igi Sedioda qarTuli
lazTa monasterSi, romelic ierusalimis gareT udabnoSi mdebareobda aRmoCnda kidec dRemde erT-erTi uZvelesi saeklesio asomTavruli warwerebi. 44 rogorc
cnobilia, imperatorma iustinianem VI s-
(mcxeTis) eklesiis (kaTalikosis) iurisdiqcis qveS, magram mas Semdeg, rac

bizantiam miitaca qarTuli saxelmwifos miwa-wyali vidre e.w. skanda-Sorap a n is x a z a m de ( V I I s- i s 2 0 - 30 - i a n
Si ganaaxla ìberTa monasteri ierusalimSi, lazTa monasteri ierusalimis
wlebidan) dasavleT saqarTvelos teritoria (zRvidan am xazamde) mTeli Tavi-
udabnoSi~. 45 amitomac unda vifiqroT,

rom IV-VI ss-Si dasavleT saqarTvelos
mkvidri mosaxleoba Sedioda Tavisi eT-
si mosaxleobiT oficialurad Sevida konstantinopolis iurisdiqciaSi. Sedegad

f a si s i s s a m i tr o p o li t o s a d a mi s i
nikuri mRvdelmTavris iurisdiqciaSi,
saepiskoposebis samwysos ukve warmoad-
romelsac yvelani prokofi kesarielis

TqmiT `kaTolikoss~ uwodebdnen. igi,
cxadia, mcxeTeli kaTalikosia, aseve
prokofi kesarielis mierve moxseniebu-
genda mTeli mkvidri mosaxleoba, maSasadame, es saepiskoposoebi gadaiqcnen

mkvidri qarTuli samwysos sasuliero
centrebad, Tumca konstantinopolis
li lazTa episkoposebi 46 saeklesio

TvalsazrisiT aRniSnul dros qarTulenovanebi iyvnen da mcxeTis kaTalikosis iurisdiqciaSi Sediodnen (amitomac
iurisdiqciis qveS nacvlad mcxeTeli

kaTalikosisa.
iustinianes dros, VI s-is pirvel
naxevarSi saqarTvelo (yofili qarTlis
iyo VI s-is bolos kirioni, ègrisis

arqiepiskoposi~) VI s-Si iustinianes mier
axlad daarsebul q. petrasa da sxva
cixe-simagreSi mcxovrebi berZnuli gar-
samefo) erTmaneTs Soris gainawiles

bizantielebma da sparselebma, Tumca dava
maT Soris ar Sewyvetila, sparseTi amtkicebda, rom iberebi maTi xeldebuli
nizoni saeklesio iurisdiqciis mxriv

vfiqrob konstantinopolis sapatriarqos
eqvemdebareboda, xolo am berZnul-romauli qalaqebisa da cixe-simagreebis
gareT mdebare soflebisa da qalaqebis
xalxia, amitomac dasavleT saqarTveloSi mas aqvs uflebebi flobdes adre

iberiaSi Semaval SavizRvispireTis teritoriebs. petrasaTvis omi sparselebsa
da bizantielebs Soris miuTiTebs, rom
samwyso Sedioda `lazTa episkoposebisa~ da maTi zemdgomi `kaTalikosis~

iurisdiqciaSi, vidre VII s-is 20-30-
petras mimdebare miwebi sparselebisaTvis

iberiul teritoriad ganixileboda, amitomac mas iuridiuli ufleba hqonda
ia n wl eba mde her akle ke isar is

laSqrobamde. amis mamtkicebel magaliTad Cven migvaCnia martvilis (Wyondidis) saepiskoposo taZari (kaTedra) age-
am miwa-wyalze viTarca iberiaze mis

xeldebul qveyanaze. iqamde (VI s-mde)
gacilebiT adre straboni (I s.) amtkicebda, rom `svanebs-zogierTebi iberebs
buli VII s-is aRniSnul wlebamde, qarTu-
uwodeben~. e.i. svanebic iberieli xalxis
a. jafariZe, qarTuli saeklesio (saliteraturo) enis Camoyalibebis sakiTxisaTvis ioane lazi, Tb.,
2002, gv. 5-21; 45 georgika, II, 1965, gv. 223; 46 iqve, gv. 125.
44
648
erT-erT tomad miiCneoda I s-saTvis. ari-
qarTuli provinciebidan, maT Soris
anes cnobiT, petrasTan (yofil afsarosTan) iyo iberiis sazRvari. lazebis
xorZenedan da taronidan Casuli sasuliero pirebi. 47 lazeTidan Casuli mi-
miwa-wyals (igulisxmeba petradan md. klisuramde) sparselebi swored iberiulad

miiCnevdnen, amitomac aZlevdnen kidevac
Tavis Tavs nebas, edavaT am miwa-wylis
s pa rs eT is s ax el mw i fo Si S es ay va na d
Tridate lazi kidec iyo aRmzrdeli V

s-is dasawyisSi patara petre iberisa
qarTlis samefo karze, sadac im droisaTvis qarTebisa da lazebis (gurZebis)
m ec ad i ne ob iT Se mu S av da q a rT ul i
(rogorc iTqva, viTarca iberiis erTi nawilisa), sirielebic lazebs urZebs
liturgikuli ena. (Seadare - àndria

qadagebda skviTTa, sogdianTa da gors-
(aqedan gurZebs) uwodebdnen, iseve rogorc

saerTod aRmosavleT-dasavleT saqarTvelos mosaxleobas. lazurZgurZ-gur
inTa Soris~ - gorsingursingurZin,

`guria~, èguri~, àrgueTi~).
unda davaskvnaT, rom VI s-dan _
fuZe unda Candes somxur termin `xorZen-
VII s-is 20-30-ian wlebamde - dasavleT
eSi~ (xorZxurZurZgurZ). xorZene iyo

istoriuli lazeTis provincia. aRsaniSnavia, rom xorenacisa da sxva somexi
istorikosebis cnobiT qarTuli anbanis
saqarTvelos berZnul-romaul cixe-qalaqTa garnizoni da mosaxleoba Sesabamis

ucxour iurisdiqciaSi imyofeboda, xolo
`soflur adgilTa~, anu faqtobrivad mTe-
restavraciis (Seqmna-SemuSavebis) dros

qarTlis mefe bakuris karze Sekrebilan
li qveynis mrevli prokofis mier dasaxelebul `kaTalikosis~ iurisdiqciis qveS.
47
m. xorenaci, somxeTis istoria, gv. 224.
649
VI msoflio saeklesio krebis (680 w.) mier

saqarTvelos eklesiis uflebaTa aRiareba
680 wels konstantinopolSi Sedga
msoflio saeklesio kreba. igi moiwvia
imperatorma konstantine poRonatma (66868 5), raTa emxilebina monoTelitebis
crumoZRvreba. monoTelitebi, marTalia,
cnobdnen qristeSi or - RvTaebriv da
kacobriv bunebas, magram aRiarebdnen masSi
mxolod RvTaebriv nebisyofas.
imperatori herakle, romlis drosac suli Caedga am eress, fiqrobda,
rom am axali moZRvrebis daxmarebiT
poRonati konstantines mefobisasa, romeli iyo mama iusti nian esi, roml isa
winamZRvar iyvnes Teodore da giorgi
xucesni da ioane diakoni, adgilismcvelni aRaTon romis papisani da giorgi konstantinopoleli, Teofane antioqieli. amis krebisa mier brZanes esreT
wmidisa eklesiisa saqarTvelosaTvis,
romel ars wmida mcxeTa, raTa iyos
swor pativiTa viTarca wmidani samociqulo kaTolike eklesiani, sapatri-
SesaZlebeli iqneboda monofizitebisa

d a d i o f iz i t e b i s S e r i g e ba . a m o r
uzarmazar sarwmunoebriv banaks Soris
mtroba imperias ganxeTqilebiT emuqreboda. monoTelitobis eress Tavidanve
ebrZodnen sofron ierusalimeli da konstantinopoleli beri maqsime aRmsarebeli (mas ena da xelic ki mokveTes
amis gamo, sabolood ki lazikaSi gadmoasaxles).
VI msoflio krebam 170 episkoposis
monawileobiT dagmo monoTelitobis eresi. ganisazRvra qristeSi ori buneba RvTaebrivi da kacobrivi. am or bunebas
ori nebisyofa aqvs, magram ise, rom kacuri nebisyofa ar ewinaaRmdegeba da
emorCileba RvTaebrivs.
VI msoflio krebas kanonebi ar gamoutania, magram zogierTi qarTuli xelnaweris Tanaxmad, miuRia dadgenilebani,
maT Soris, qarTuli eklesiis sapatriarqo eklesiad aRiarebis Sesaxebac. ganusazRvravs misi iurisdiqciis sazRvrebi.
`qarTlis cxovrebis~ CanarTi wers: ìqmna
kreba meeqvse, wmidaTa mamaTa konstantinopolis Sina, meaTsametesa welsa
aqoni da iyos kaTalikosi qarTlisa swori

patriarqTa Tana, da akurTxevdes da
mwysides da ganagebdes samarTliT mTavarepiskoposTa, mitropolitTa da episkoposTa samwysosa Tvissa qarTlisa, gamoRma-gaRma kaxeTsa, Saqsa, Sirvansa da midgmiT wamovliT mTisa adgilisaTa, suaneTisa da Cerqezis sazRvramdis, sruliad
oseTsa da yovelsa zemo qarTlsa, samcxe-saaTabagosa. misTvis migviTvlia saqarTvelos eklesiani. mas hmonebdnen da
mis xel queSe iyvnen da sjulsa missa
erCden da misgan imwysebodnen. da migvicemia xelmwifeba Sekvrisa da ganxsnisa...
xolo pirveliTgan antioqiisa krebisa
mier ganpatiosnebuli iyo. da am krebis
mier dagvimtkicebia patriarqad, rameTu
nu iqnebin mitropolitni, nuca episkoposi kaTalikosisa Seundobrad. xolo
ukeTu vinme ikadros kaTalikosisa winaaRdgoma, mTavarepiskoposman, gina mitropolitman, anu episkoposman, anu daipyras xarisxi da eklesia ZaliTa, kaTalikosisa ukiTxavad da Seundobelad, anu
ikurTxos mefe, gina mTavarni, anu mTavarepiskoposni da mitropolit-episko-
650
posni, ganikueTen. xolo odesa enebos

Semzadeba da kurTxeva mironisa, akurTxos Tvissa eklesiasa~. 48
rogorc iTqva, VI msoflio krebas
kanonebi ar gamoucia, magram krebis mier
dadgenili da imperatoris mier damtki-
marTalia, aTi wlis, Semdeg 691 wels

mowveul iqna e.w. trulis kreba, romelmac iRvawa kanonSemoqmedebiTi TvalsazrisiT. Sekriba da gamosca wina msoflio krebaTa kanonebi, magram maTSi ar
Sesula mravali kanoni da dadgenileba
cebuli saboloo teqsti 681 wlis 16

seqtembers gadaeca saimperatoro kars
sagangebod dasacavad. 4 9
safiqrebelia, rom swored es saboloo teqsti unda dadeboda safuZv-
wina krebebisa, albaT, masSi ar moxvda

aseve VI krebis dadgenileba qarTuli
eklesiis Sesaxeb. 51
v. goilaZem gamoikvlia, rom `qarTlis cxovrebis~ zemoaRniSnuli cnoba
lad `qarTlis cxovrebis~ zemoT moyvanil CanarTs msoflio krebis mier

qarTuli eklesiisa Tvis sapatriarqo
Rirsebis miniWebis Sesaxeb. v. goilaZis azriT, am Tvalsazrisis gamoTqmis uflebas iZleva `martvilur xelnawerebSi~ arsebuli msgavsi cnoba. es
cnoba aseTia: `rameTu esreT Sesaswavebel ars taxtikonsa Sina konstantinopolisasa, viTarmed mas Jamsa wmi-
sandoa, radganac masSi sworadaa asaxuli krebis mimdinareobis istoriuli viTareba, kerZod, krebaze damswreTa Soris
moxseniebulia ara antioqieli patriarqi makariosi, romelic krebam monoTelitmwvaleblad aRiara da gaaZeva, aramed
mis adgilze arCeuli axali patriarqi
antioqiisa Teofane, romelic bolomde
iyo krebaze.
maSasadame, Zvel qarTul saekle-
da meeqvsesa krebasa konstantine poRon atis asa da aRaT on romT a p apis a,

giorgi konstantinopolelisasa da Teofane antioqielisasa da maT-Tana asocdaaTTa mamaTagan gapatiosnda kaTalikozi qarTlisa da yves mamamTavrad
da Tavisuflad da uflad yovelsa zeda
saqarTvelosa: da mere kvaladve krebasa Sina antioqiisasa ganTavisuflda
da gapatiosnda, rameTu arRaravisagan
xel qveS ars, aramed Tavisufal da
mamamTavari ars~. 50
`martvil ur xelnawerSi~ wyarod
d as ax el e bu li ` ko n st an ti n op ol ur i
taqtikoni~, SesaZloa, iyos is dokumenti, romelic 681 wlis 16 seqtembers gadaeca Sesanaxad samefo karis
sa md iv no s.
sio istoriografias samarTlianad miaCnda, rom qarTulma eklesiam sapatriarqo Rirseba moipova VI msoflio
krebaze, 68 1 wels. iqamde patriarqis
wodebas atarebda amierkavkasiis orive
mezobeli eklesiis meTaurebi - somxeTisa da albaneTisa. rogorc es kargad
Cans movses kalankatuacis Txzulebidan.
amitomac araa gasakviri is, rom qarTuli eklesiis meTaurs eZia patriarqis
w od eb a d a m oe p ov eb i na e s u d id es i
Rirseba msoflio eklesiis dasturiT.
amis Semdeg qarTuli eklesiis pativi
gauTanabrdeboda msoflios sxva sapatriarqoTa pativs. amas sagangebod aRniSnavs cnoba: àmis krebis mier brZanes
esreT wmidisa eklesiisa saqarTvelosaTvis, romel ars wmida mcxeTa, raTa
qar Tlis c xovreb a, I, gv. 232; 49 Kt,tltd F& G&^ Dctktycrbt Cj,j hs VI, VII b VIII dtr jd^ V& 1 897$
mar tvilis xelnawerebi, Zveli s aqarTve lo, t. III, 1913-1914; 51 v. goilaZe , qarTuli ekle siis
saTaveebTan, 1991, gv. 195.
48
50
651
iyos swor pativiTa viTarca wmidani
eklesias Tavisi iurisdiqciis ufleba
samociqulo kaTolike eklesiani, sapa tr i ar q o n i da i yo s k a T a li k o si
hqonda, romelic man mogvianebiT ganaxorciela kidec.
qarTlisa swori patriarqTa Tana~. 5 2

aqve a ganxil uli qarT uli ekle siis
samwyso. masSi eTnikuri qarTuli terit ori ebis ga rda , S evi da a lba neT is
yofil sapatriarqoSi Semavali qarTuli
aRsaniSnavia meore garemoebac, rom

Savi zRvispira qarTuli mxareebi am
droisaTvis, e.i. VII s-is bolosaTvis,
araa qarTuli eklesiis iurisdiqciaSi.
marTlac, am dros es miwa-wyali dasav-
eTno siT da saxleb uli te ritori ebi:

Saqi da Sirvani, maT garda, kavkasiis
leT saqarTvelos zRvispira nawili vidre e.w. `skanda-Sorapnis~ xazamde kon-
mTianeTi `midgmiT - warmovliT mTisa

adgiln i~ - esenia dRevandel i daRestani, CeCneT-inguSeTi vidre `suane-
stantinopolis sapatriarqos miaCnda

Tavisi iurisdiqciaSi Semaval teritoriad, radganac aq iyvnen berZnuleno-
Tisa da Cerqezis sazRvramdis~, masSi
vani saepiskoposoebi fasisisa, rodopoli-
Sesula `sruliad oseTi~. oseTi im

droisaTvis mxolod Crdilo kavkasiaSi arsebobda. aRsaniSnavia, rom alb an e T is ek l e si a , s wo r e d V II s -i s
sisa, petron-cixisZirisa da sxv. IX-X

ss-Si qarTveli qristianebiT dasaxlebuli es teritoria daubrunda qarTul
dedaeklesias. teqstSi `qarTlis~ qveS
dasasruls SeierTa somxurma monofizi tu rm a ek l es ia m, m. k al an k at ua ci s

Tanaxmad; xolo albaneTis CrdiloeTiT mdebare eTnikuri qarTvelebiT dasax-
igulisxmeba dasavleT da aRmosavleT

saqarTvelo.
VI msoflio krebas daudasturebia
qa rT uli e kle si is uf leb a mir on is
lebuli mxareebi, rogorc aRiniSna,

daubrunda dedaeklesias. yovel SemTxvevaSi, am mxareebis mimarT qarTul
kurTxevisa: òdesca enebos Semzadeba

da kurTxeva mironisa, akurTxos Tvissa
eklesiasa~. 5 3
VI msoflio krebis dadgenileba mTeli marTlmadidebeli kavkasiis

saqarTvelos saeklesio iurisdiqciaSi moqcevis Sesaxeb
ìqmna kreba meeqvse... amisa krebisa mier brZanes esreT wmidisa eklesiisa
saqarTvelosaTvis, romel ars wmida mcxeTa, raTa iyos swor pativiTa viTarca
wmidani samociqulo kaTolike eklesiani, sapatriaqoni da iyos kaTalikosi qarTlisa
swori patriaqTa Tana da akurTxevdes, mwysides da ganagebdes... samwysosa Tvissa
qarTlsa, gamoRma-gaRma kaxeTsa, Saqsa, Sirvansa, da midgmiT-warmovliT mTisa adgilisaTa - svaneTisa da Cerqezis sazRvramdis, sruliad ovseTsa da yovelsa zemoqarTlsa - samcxe-saaTabagosa... am krebisa mier dagvimtkicebia patriaqad... xolo
odesca enebos Semzadeba da kurTxeva mironisa, akurTxos Tvissa eklesiasa~. 53
52
qar Tlis cx ovreba, t. I, 1955, gv. 232;
53
iq ve, 232.
652
691 wlis e.w. `trulis~ msoflio saeklesio krebis

xelismomweri episkoposebi
lazikidan
konstantinopolis V (553 w.) da VI

(68 1 w.) msoflio krebebs saeklesio
kanonebi ar gamoutaniaT. es xarvezebi
102 kanoniT Seavso konstantinopolis
691 wlis e.w. trulis krebam. am kano-
Ti saxiT: `Teodore uRirsman episkoposman fasoAsaman sofelsa Sina megrelTasa ganvsazRvren da warvweren~, xolo
220-e aris xelismowera petronis episkoposisa aseTi saxiT: ìoane uRirsman
nis xelismomwerTa Sorisaa lazikis ori

ierarqi `fasoAs~ episkoposi Teodore
da `petronis~ episkoposi ioane. trulis krebis aqti asea Sesuli cnobil
did qarTul sjuliskanonSi: `kanonni
konstantinopolis gumbadsa Sina sameu-
episkoposman qalaqisa petronisaman queyanisagan megrelTaAsa ganvsazRvre da

warvwere~. 55
rogorc vxedavT, trulis, anu `gumbadis~ msoflio krebas, romelmac Seavso V da VI msoflio krebis kanonSemo-
foAsa palatisasa SekrebulTa wmidaTa

mamaTani iustinianes ze keTilad msax-
qmedebiTi mxare, ar eswrebodnen im droisaTvis cnobili da amierkavkasiis mas-
urisa da qristes moyuarisa mefisa

Cuenisa~. 54 am 102 kanons xels awers
226 episkoposi msoflios sxvadasxva
kuTxidan. rigis mixedviT xels aweren
romis papi, konstantinopolis, aleqsandriis, antioqiis, ierusalimis patriarqebi (episkoposebi), rigSi 35-e aris
StabiT udidesi saqarTvelos (mcxeTis),

somxeTisa da albaneTis eklesiis warmomadgenlebi, xolo lazikis episkoposebi
kr eba s x els aw erd nen ar a r ogo rc
saqarTvelos eklesiis warmomadgenlebi,
aramed rogorc konstantinopolis sapatriarqos lazikis eparqiis warmomad-
xelismowera fasoAs episkoposisa ase-
ge nl eb i.
54
55
iqv e, gv. 4 07, gv. 418.
r ato m ar
m ona wi le ob dn en
653
saqarTvelos, somxeTisa da sxva cno-
mier da Sedioda imperiis Semadgenloba-
bil eklesiaTa warmomadgenlebi e.w. trulis saeklesio krebaze? amis pasuxs

iZleva arqiepiskoposi lolii iurievski: `1. msoflio ekumenuri (da ara `kaTolike~ - sayovelTao) kreba impera-
Si. es miwa-wyali saqarTvelos saxelmwifos Camoacales bizantiis imperatorebma, ris Semdegac aq Tavis iurisdiqcia
ganaxorciela konstantinopolis sapatriarqom. konstantinopolis qmedeba iyo
torisa da saxelmwifos krebaa, mas ama

Tu im olqis mitropoliti ki ar iwvevs,
aramed imperatori (Tundac mounaTlavi,
rogoric iyo, magaliTad, konstantine
kanonikuri, radganac qalkedonis krebis

gadawyvetilebis Tanaxmad, nebismieri saxelmwifos SigniT am saxelmwifos eklesias ufleba aqvs Tavisi iurisdiqciis
didi, romelmac saTave daudo msoflio

krebebs); 2. krebas eswrebian ara TavianT samitropolitoebSi arCeuli episkoposebi, aramed imperatoris xelisuflebis
Sexedulebisamebr daniSnulni da gamoZaxebulni, ris gamoc 3. yvela adgilobrivi eklesiis episkoposebis daswreba
ar iyo savaldebulo (III msoflio krebaze ar iyo karTagenis 500-ze meti
episkoposidan arc erTi)~. 56
arqiepiskopos loliis ganmartebaze
dayrdnobiT SegviZlia ganvacxadoT, rom
trulis saeklesio kreba iyo kreba bi-
gavrcelebisa. maSasadame, lazikis qarTuli mosaxleoba Seiyvanes konstantinopolis sapatriarqos iurisdiaqciaSi. saerTod, dasavleT saqarTvelos qristianebi IV-V ss-Si Sediodnen qarTuli, anu
mcxeTis eklesiis iurisdiqciaSi. aseve
iyo VII s-is calkeul monakveTebSi. VI
s-Si somxur wyaroTa Tanaxmad, kaTalikosi kirion I imavdroulad megrelTa
arqiepiskoposad iTvleboda. aseve vaxuStis cnobis Tanaxmad, dasavleT saqarTvelos qristianebi mcxeTis samwysod
iTvlebodnen (kerZod, mcxeTis mTavar-
zantiis imperiisa, berZnul-romauli saxelmwifosi. amitom mas eswrebodnen mxolod am saxelmwifos SemadgenlobaSi arsebuli eparqiebis episkoposebi imperatoris gamoZaxebis Sesabamisad.
saqarTvelos saxelmwifo im droisaTvis bizantiisagan damoukideblad ar-
episkoposs eqvemdebareboda dasavleT saqarTvelos dablobebi, e.w. `vake~, xolo

niqozis episkoposs - raWis mTianeTi).
kirioni, z. aleqsiZis varaudiT, roca
igi sparselebma gadaayenes kaTalikosobidan somxur eklesiasTan cnobili paeqrobis Semdeg, gadasula samxreT-dasavleT
sebobda, amitomac saqarTvelos eklesiis episkoposebis gamoZaxeba ar SeeZlo

bizantiis imperators da arc amis saWiroeba daunaxavs. xolo, rac Seexeba
qarTvelTa regionis _ lazikis episkoposebs, maTi gamoZaxeba SeeZlo imperators, radganac VII s-is miwurulisaTvis,
rodesac kreba Catarda, lazikis zRvispira teritoria vidre e.w. `skanda-sarapanis~ xazamde daWerili iyo bizantielTa
saqarTvelos Tavissave eparqiaSi da fazisis mitropolitis kaTedra auRia Tavis

xelSi. am kaTedraze myofi daxvedria
igi herakle keisars sparseTTan laSqrobis win. am kaTedraze yofnis dros berZnuli wyaroebiT `fasisis episkoposs kiross~
heraklesaTvis miuwodebia idea monoTelitobis Sesaxeb.
qarTuli wyaroebiT `sofeli megrelTa~ da `qveyana megrelTa~ erqva vrcel
56
Fh[btgbcrjg Kjkbq (>hmtdcrbq)^ Fktrcfylhbz b Tubgtn^ <jujckjdcrbt Nhels^ 25^ 1984^ c& 151^ ghbv& 140&
654
teritorias istoriul samxreT-dasavleT
ane, episkoposi qalaq petronisa, lazika-
saqarTveloSi, kerZod ki, trapezuntis

regions. am miwa-wyals bizantielebi
lazikas uwodebdnen. `bizantiuri saeklesio ekTesiebiT (nusxebi), konstantinopolis patriarqisadmi daqvemdebare-
Si~, qarTvelma mTargmnelma gadmoiRo

ìoane, episkoposi qalaqisa petronisa,
qveyanasa Sina megrelTasa~.
am dr ois aTv is sa mxr eT- das avl eT
sa qa rT ve lo s z Rv is pi ra `b er Zn ul i~
bul lazikis eparqiis fasidis mitropolits eqvemdebarebodnen oTxi qalaqis - rodopolisis, saisinTa, petras
da ziganevis episkoposebi da avtoke-
saepiskoposoebi sinamdvileSi ukve warmoadgendnen adgilobrivi qarTuli mosaxleobis saepiskoposoebs, `berZnuli~

isini iyvnen imdenad, ramdenadac maT sam-
faluri arqiepiskoposebi: 1. sebastopolis arqiepiskoposi. 2. xersonis, 3.

bosforis da 4. nikopolis mTvarepiskoposebi~. 5 7
maSasadame, `trulis~ krebas lazikis
5 saepiskoposodan eswrebodnen 2 _ `fasidis~ mitropolitis xarisxSi myofi
episkoposi da petras, anu `petronis~
episkopos i. fasidis samit ropolito
zemoCamoTvlili saepiskoposoebiT Sedioda `lazikis eparqiaSi~, anu eklesiurad
lazikas miekuTvneboda.
rogorc iTqva, Zveli qarTveli mTarg-
wysoSi Semaval eklesiebSi wirva-locva

berZnuli iyo da ierarqiulad ara mcxeTas, aramed konstantinopols eqvemdebarebodnen. magram bizantiis imperiis
arabTa mier SesustebisTanave, gansakuTrebiT ki mas Semdeg, rac konstantinopolSi VII-VIII ss-Si gamwvavda xatmebrZoluri eresi, samxreT saqarTvelos
qarT velma q ristiane bma uar yves
araerovnuli iurisdiqcia da TandaTan
d au br un dn en q ar Tu l de da ek le si as .
samxreT saqarTvelos eklesiebSi aRsdga qarTulenovani wirva-locva, VIII-IX
mnelebi, rogorc mTawmidelebi, ise sxvebi, sityva `lazikas~ miiCnevdnen ucxo

sityvad da `lazikis~ fard qarTul Sesatyvisad miiCnevdnen sityvas: `sofeli
megrelTa~, magaliTad, andrias `mimosvlis~ Targmanis dros maT sityva lazika
Targmnes, rogorc `sofeli megrelTa~,
ss-Si es procesi TiTqmis dasrulda.

trulis, anu `gumbadis~ saeklesio
krebis xelismomweri episkoposebi sinamdvileSi warmoadgendnen qarTuli samwysos, e.i. eparqiis mcxovrebTa umravlesobis warmomadgenlebs.
cnobili istorikosis Tedo Jorda-
da asea kidec Sesuli `qarTlis cxovrebis~ danarTSi (andrias `mimosvlis~

aRwerisas). aRsaniSnavia, rom igive Sesatyvisi `sofeli megrelTa~ Sesulia zemoaRniSnul episkoposTa xelis moweraSic. maSasadame, dedanSi ewera `Teodore,
episkoposi fasidisa, lazikaSi~. qarTvelma
mTargmnelma ase gadmoiRo - `Teodore,
e pi sk o po si fa so A s a, so f el s a S in a
megrelTasa~. aseve dedanSi ewera ìo-
nias Tanaxmad, zemoaRniSnul (trulis)

krebis (mas V msoflio krebad Tvlis
T. Jordania) kanonebs xeli moawera
oTxma qarTvelma episkoposma: `mexuTe
krebis kanonebi xelmowerilia qarTvel
episkoposTagan: 1. `Teodore uRirsman
e p i s k o p o zm a n f a s o A s a m a n , s o f e l s a
megrelTasa ganvsazRvren da wavweren~,
2. georgi episkopozman kamaxisa (kalmaxisa?) didisa somxeTisa soflebisa-
57
geo rgika, IV, 1952 w. nakveT i II, g v. 123-140, 147.
655
gan... 3. foti episkoposman qalaqisa
monoTelitobis erT-erTi eresiarqi iyo
sevastopolelTaAsagan... 4. iovane uRirsman episkopozman, qalaqisa petron-
fasiseli mitropoliti kirosi, romelic herakle keisarma gadaiyvana ufro
isagan, queyanisagan megrelTaAsa ganvsazRvre da wavwere (petroni aris awindeli cixisZiri). 58

se va st op ol is i m ar Tl ac e rq va
cxums, magram es saxeli sxva mraval
mZlavr kaTedraze da aamaRla aleqsandriis patriarqis taxtze. zaza aleqsiZis varaudiT, kirosi iyo igive kirioni, gaZevebuli VII s-is dasawyisSi mcxeTis sakaTalikoso taxtidan monofiz-
zRvispira qalaqsac erqva. e.w. `didi

somxeTis~ erTi nawili aRniSnul dros
itebis mier. epistoleTa wignSi, marTlac, TiTqosda Cans kidec, kirionis
bi zan tii s i mpe ria Si Se dio da da am

geografiuli saxelis miuxedavad, iq
mravali qarTuli sofeli arsebobda.
monoTelituri Sexedulebani. mag: curtaveli qarTveli aznaurebi weren somexTa

patriarqs - `Cven es sarwmunoebac gva-
`kamax~ - kamaxel episkoposs amitom mi-
qvs da Tqvenic~, e.i. monofizitobasa da
iCnevda Tedo Jordania qarTvelad.

rogorc aRniSnuli iyo, trulis krebamde 10-11 wliT adre, 681 wels, konstantinopolSi Semdgarma VI msoflio
diofizitobas ar ganvasxvavebT, vaerTianebTo. kirosis sakiTxs SeiZleba

wamoewia qarTuli eklesiis sakiTxic.
maSasadame, unda davaskvnaT, rom 691
krebam ganixila qarTuli eklesiis sakiTxi (Tanaxmad zogierTi istoriuli

cnobisa). manve gansazRvra saqarTvelos
sapatriarqos iurisdiqciis sazRvrebi.
wlis trulis saeklesio krebas namdvilad eswrebodnen qarTveli episkoposebi

Savi zRvispira qalaqebisa, magram, radganac es regioni, imJamad, Sedioda bi-
SeiZleba iTqvas, rom SesaZloa VI msoflio kreba marTlac Seexo qarTuli eklesiis problemebs, radganac am krebam
ganixila monoTelitobis sakiTxi, xolo
zantiis imperiis SemadgenlobaSi, aRniSnuli episkoposebi kanonikurad konstant i n o po l i s e k l e si i s i u r i s di q c i a s

miekuTvnebodnen.
SeniSvna: mitropolit anania jafariZis axali kvlevebidan Cans, rom aRniSnuli saepiskoposoebi mdebareobdnen qarTvelTa istoriul samSobloSi, kerZod, trapezuntis regionis qaldeas
TemSi (red.).
58
T. Jordan ia, qr onikebi, I, g v. 88, SeniSvna.
656
saqarTvelos episkoposi VII msoflio krebaze (787 w.)

trapezunti - SavizRvispireTis erTerTi cnobili qalaqi, marTalia saqarTve-
romelsac hqonda tituli `qristefore,

episkoposi fasisisa anu trapizonisa~. 59
los saxelmwifos sazRvrebs SigniT ar

moqceula, magram, radganac igi isto-
m. berZniSvili gamoTqvams Tavis mosazrebas imis Sesaxeb, Tu ratom hqonda
riulad lazikaSi anu qarTveli xalxiT

dasaxlebul miwa-wyalze mdebareobda,
amitomac, VII msoflio krebaze damswre
episkoposi qristefore trapezunteli
Cven SeiZleba miviCnioT qarTveli mar-
episkopos qristefores ori kaTedris

ierarqis saxeli fasisisa da trapezonisa. m. berZniSvilis varaudiT SesaZlebelia afxazebis mier fazisis dapyrobis Semdeg episkoposi gadavida trapi-
Tlmadidebeli mrevlis ierarqad, miT

umetes, rom mas `faziseli episkoposis~
tituli hqonia.
787 wels nikeaSi Semdgari VII msoflio saeklesio krebis sxdomebi erT we-
zonSi da tradiciis mixedviT, sakuTar

Tavs faziselic uwoda. 60
marTalia leon II-is dros (753-798)
Camoyalibda àfxazTa samefo~, magram
es ar niSnavs, rom am dros dasavleT
liwads grZeldeboda. 367-ma episkoposma ganixila xatTa Tayvaniscemis sakiTxi da 22-e kanoniT aRadgina igi. mar-
saqarTvelos `dapyroba~ moxda afxazTa

mier, am sityvis Tanamedrove mniSvnelobiT. `qarTlis cxovrebiseul~ axsnas am
TlmadidebelTa ukanaskneli da yvelaze

xangrZlivi devna xatTa Tayvaniscemis
ga mo S ewy da. qarT vel ma m arT lmad ideblebma, romelnic xatmebrZolobas
samefos legitimuri Camoyalibebis Sesaxeb ratomRac yuradReba ar eqceva. `qarTlis cxovrebis~ Tanaxmad, afxazTa mefeebi iyvnen qarTlis mefeTa legitimuri
mxars arasodes uWerdnen, Tavisi neba

gamoxates episkoposis xelismoweriT,
memkvidreebi. leon II-m am memkvidreobiT

miiRo `mefis~ wodeba.
k. kekeliZ e, adr indeli feodaluri qar Tuli literatur a, 1935, gv. 28;
fazisis ist oriisaTv is, 1969, gv. 186.
59
60
m. berZniSvili, q alaq
657
rogorc `moqcevaA qarTlisaAs~, ise
jeTis bolos asaxelebs viTarca uki-
`qarTlis cxovrebis~ sxvadasxva mematianeebis dabejiTebuli mtkicebiT CamoyalibebisTanave, mefe farnavazis droidan,
qar Tlis samef o moic avda dasav leT
saqarTvelos md. egriswyalamde. aseTive
dures samxreT wertils, radganac qarTlis samefos meore sasazRvro mijna Savi
zRvis pirze klisura mas mravaljer
hqonoda dasaxelebuli (termin `zRvis
piris~ qveS rom mTeli Savi zRvispire-
viTareba iyo mefe mirianis drosac, mefe

vaxtang gorgaslis dros qarTlis samefos sazRvari gadaiwia ufro CrdiloeTiT da daido md. klisuraze. klisu-
Ti igulisxmeba da ara misi erTi monakveTi, es Cans `qarTlis cxovrebis~ sxva

adgilidan: murvan yrum `daibanaka pitiotas, zRvis pirs, qalaqsa, romelsa hqvian
ras iqiT mdebare miwa-wyali, romelsac

afxazeTi erqva, Sedioda bizantiis imperiis SemadgenlobaSi, am mdinareze
gadadioda sazRvari saqarTvelosa da
`saberZneTs~ Soris. mematianes cnobiT,
viTareba Seicvala herakle keisris dros,
Tbilisis alyisas gancdili marcxisa da
sxva mizezTa gamo man dasaja qarTlis
samefo da erismTavari stefanozi, romelmac àra ineba gandgoma sparsTagan~,
amasTanave is `morwmuneTa emtereboda
da urwmunoTa moyvrobda~. 61 stefanoz
`bagratoani~ guram I kurapalatis STa-
cxumi... da Caiara uRmerToman murvan

yru zRvis piri da gamoixuna cixeni da
qalaqni zRvis pirisani~... 63 ase, rom,
rodesac mematiane wers, rom herakle
keisarma qarTlis samefos CamoaWra `sazRvari qarTlisa... zRvis piri~, gulisxmobs, rogorc vTqviT zRvispira miwawyals erT sazRvar klisuridan _ meore sazRvar speramde). herakle keisari
ise gamZvinvarebuli yofila, rom amiT
ar dakmayofilebula, qveynidan udidesi
siwmidenic gautania - `maSin herakle
mefeman warixuna manglisiT da uruSeTiT
momavali heraklem taxtidan Camoagdo,

mis sagvareulos CamoarTva mefobis ufleba da taxtze aiyvana Zvel xosroian
mefeTa STamomavali adarnase bakuris Ze,
magram am adarnases herakle keisarma
qarTlis samefo srul sazRvrebSi aRar
daubruna, qarTlis saxelmwifos imper-
ferxTa ficarni da samsWualni uflisa

Cuenisa iesos qristesni... Sewuxna adarnase, qarTlisa mTavari, da evedreboda
keisarsa, raTa ara warixunes niWni igi
RrmrTisa mierni, ara ismina keisarman
vedreba misi da warixuna... mokuda adarnase da dadga Ze misi stefanoz~. 64
atorma CamoaWra SavizRvispireTi, cxadia, igulisxmeba klisuramde, mematiane

wers - `maSin kualad wariRes berZenTa
sazRvari qarTlisa: speri da bolo klarjeTisa, zRvis piri~. 62 Cveni istorikosebis TvalsazrisiT herakle keisarma
qarTlis samefos CamoarTva mxolod
spersa da klarjeTis bolosTan mdebare
zRvis momijnave teritoria, magram Cveni azriT mematiane aq spersa da klar-
maSasadame, mematianes sityviT, herakle keisarma 620-30-ian wlebSi qarTlis samefos Camoacala zRvispira teritoria klisuridan speramde. ai, aq
ganaxorciela konstantinopolis sapatriarqom Tavisi saeklesio iurisdiqcia. iqamde ki am zRvispira miwa-wyalze
iurisdiqcias axorcielebda qarTlis
kaTalikosi da somxuri wyaros cnobiT,
kaTalikosi qarTlisa kirioni, egrisis
61
qar Tlis c xoveba I, gv. 224-226;
62
iqve , gv. 226;
63
iqv e, gv. 238-239;
64
iqv e, gv. 228.
658
arqiepiskoposadac iTvleboda. ramden xans
da momicemia Senda da gqondes sauxuc-
darCa bizantiis SemadgenlobaSi qarTlis samefos yofili zRvispireTi? mema-
esod: egrisi, suaneTi, Takueri, argueTi da guria~. 67
tiane gvamcnobs amis Sesaxeb: es gagrZelebula daaxloebiT VII s-is bolomde da VIII s-is dasawyisamde, leon I-is
dromde. mematianes sityviT, mas Semdeg
rac afxazeTSi ltolvilma qarTlis
saerTod, mematianes sityviT, kavkasiaSi arabTa Semosevebis dawyebisTanave

bizantielebma miatoves TavianTi cixesimagreebi, xolo saganZuri-qoneba, romlis waRebac ver SeZles, moniSnul adg-
mefeebma RvTis SewevniT daamarcxes murvan yrus laSqari, bizantiis imJamind-
ilebSi damales - `maSin yovelni naTesavni berZenTani warCinebulni hflvides
elma imperatorma kvlav scno md. klisura sazRvrad saqarTvelosa da bizantias Soris, romelsac qvemoTac vexe-
queyanaTa Sina ganZTa~! 68 aseve moiqcnen

qarTvelebic, amitomac samefo ojaxma
Tavisi ganZis erTi nawili ujarmaSi,
biT. arabTa Semosevebis dros qarTlis
meore nawili goris tonTios cixeSi,
mefeTa taxtze mjdomma stefanozma ineba Tavisi saxelmwifos dasavleT nawilSi egrisSi gadasvla Tavis Ze mihrTan erTad, male maT egrisSive SeuerT-
xolo darCenili nawili - egrisSi,

quTaissa da cixe-gojSi Seinaxes - `Sen
da mamaman Cvenman dasdeviT igi quTaissa da cixe-gojs~. 69 aq Seinaxes mefeebma
da meore Ze arCili. garkveuli xnis

Semdeg maT kvals gahyva murvan yru.
qarTvelma mefeebma gadalaxes sasazRvro
mdinare klisura da Tavi Seafares bi-
stefanozma da mirma mirian mefisa da

vaxtang gorgasalis samefo gvrigvinebi
d a g an Z i . a m a v e d r o s , d a sa v l e T
saqarTveloSi bizantielebma miatoves Ta-
zantias, kerZod afxazeTs - `Sevlo yruman

klisura, romeli mas Jamsa iyo sazRvari saberZneTisa da saqarTvelosa da
Semusra qalaqi afSileTisa cxumi~. 65 am
vianTi cixe-simagreebi da mouwodes adgilobriv xelisuflebs gamagrebuliyvnen

am cixe-simagreebSi garkveuli drois manZilze arabTa dauZlurebamde - `daadger-
droisaTvis stefanozi ukve `damarxul

iyo egrsa Sina~. 65 misi Zvlebi male gadaasvenes dasavleT saqarTvelos centrSi,
quTaisSi - `saydarsa quTaissa, raTa ipo v os i gi s a wa m e be l a d s a m kv i d ro s a
iT simagreTa Sina TquenTa, vidremdes

warxdes weliwadni samasni... gansrulebasa mesamasisasa wlisasa moeces Zali
mefobasa Cuensa da SevmusrneT agarianni~. 70 qarTvelma mefeebma daiWires Tavi-
C v e n i s a ~ 66 - a m b o b s a r a b T a o m S i
sasikvdilod daWrili mefe miri; e.i. stefanozis quTaisSi dakrZalva kidev erT
anTi qveynis es umTavresi simagreebi,

c i x e- g o j i , q u T a is i d a s x v a , u n d a
vigulisxmoT, rom es moxda VII s-is
niSnad miiCneva imisa, rom dasavleT

saqarTvelo qarTlis samefo ojaxis
samkvidroa. is eZleva kidec mefe arCils sauxucesod (samefo domenad) mir-
bolos, xolo rogorc iTqva, VIII s-is

pirvel naxevarSi, bizantiis imperatorma werilobiT ubrZana Tavis moxeleerisTavs afxazeTSi leon I-s daecva
isagan - `xolo sauxucesod, romel mqon-
klisura, viTarca sazRvari saqarTve-
65
70
qar Tlis cx oveba I, gv. 235;

iqv e, gv. 239.
66
iqve , gv. 24 1;
67
iqve , gv. 24 1;
68
iqve , gv. 230;
69
iqv e, gv. 236;
659
los da bizantias Soris egrisSi. aq,
ikuri ufleba, rogorc aRvniSneT, mema-
egrisis udides mijnaze, bizantielebi

xSirad arRvevdnen sazRvars, am faqts
tiane gadmogvcems Semdegs - qarTlis

samefo centrebSi arabebis gabatonebis
Semdeg aRmoCnda, rom mir mefes, romelic sasikvdilod daiWra arabebTan brZolisas, ar hyavda taxtis memkvidre vaJiS-
aRiarebs imperatori - `yovladve sazRvarTa qarTlisaTa Cvengan qmnil ars

vneba~71 da ubrZanebs Tavis moxeles leon
I-s: radganac afxazeTSi ltolvilma
qarTlis mefeebma mirma da arCilma ar-
vili, amitomac man saufliswulo uflebebi Tavisi qaliSvilebis gziT gadasca

Tavis siZeebs. mefis siZeebma miiRes
samemkvidreo qveynebi (`xevebi~) aRmosav-
abebTan omSi Cven, bizantielebs dagviW ir e s m xa r i , a mi t om a c ` am i e ri T ga n

nuRarmca xelgewifebis vnebad maTda da
sazRvarTa maTTa egrisaTa~. 72 amiT, mematianes sityviT, bizantiam mtkiced cno
leT da samxreT saqarTveloSi. dasavleT saqarTvelo, viTarca samefo ojaxis sakuTrebebSi myofi mamuli, mir mefem
gadasca arCils. magram male arCilma
datova dasavleT saqarTvelo da gadavida kaxeTSi (arabebma maleve awames
kidec). iqamde arabTagan Seviwrovebulma bizantielebma, romlebic iZulebulni
iyvnen kavkasia daetovebinaT, TavianT
moxeles leon I-s afxazeTi gadasces
samemkvidreo uflebiT: `Senda mibrZanebies erisTaoba afxazeTisa da SvilTa
SenTa da momavalTa SenTa miukunisam-
klisura viTarca qarTlis samefos saxelmwifo sazRvari egrisSi. SavizRvispireTi klisuridan speramde kvlav qarTlis samefos nawilad ganixileboda. Sesabamisi unda yofiliyo saeklesio iurisdiqciac - mTeli es miwa-wyali qarTlis
sakaTalikosos iurisdiqcias unda dabruneboda, oRondac saeklesio kanonebis
dacviT unda warmarTuliyo mTeli es
p r oc e d ur a - a m iT u nd a yo f i li y o
gamowveuli am drois iberiidan antioqiaSi saeklesio delegaciis Casvla,
romelmac miaRwia dasavleT saqarTvelos eklesiur gaTavisuflebas bizantiis eklesiebisagan VIII s-is 50-ian wlebSi,
antioqiis patriarq Teofilaqtes dros,
de~73 - wers imperatori leon I-s. leoni - damoukidebel mmarTvelad iqca qveyni sa, ro mel ic ga nvr cob ili iy os
s a z Rv r e b S i - ` k l i s ur i T g a n vi d r e
m d i na r e m d e d i d a d x a z a re T a d , s a d a
daswudebis wueri kavkasiisa~, 74 - es qveyana md. klisuridan md. yubanamde iyo
romlis Sesaxebac cnobas gvawvdian efrem

mcire, nikon SavTeli da sxvebi, rac
ganxiluli gvaqvs gamokvlevaSi _ àntioqiis saeklesio kreba VIII s-is 50ian wlebSi~. am d roidan faziselma
berZenma ierarqma, albaT, datova kidec
afxazeTi. mir mefis anderZis aRsrulebis

dros arCil mefis mier siZeebisaTvis
legitimuri uflebebis gadacemisas, masTan
mivida afxazeTis damoukidebeli mmarTveli leon I, iTxova mir mefis qaliSvilis xeli da ganacxada, rom amis sanacvlod qarTlis samefos SemadgenlobaSi Seiyvanda Tavis samemkvidreo qveyanas
_ afxazeTs. man ganucxada mir mefes `momca me keisarman qveyana ese mkvidro-
Tavisi fasisis kaTedra da SesaZloa trapezuntSic gadavida.

imis Sesaxeb, Tu rogor miiRes afxazeTis erisTavebma qarTlis mefeTagan
qveynis legitimuri mmarTvelobis kanon71
qar Tlis cx oveba I, gv. 239;
72
iqve , gv. 24 0;
73
iqve , gv. 24 0;
74
iqv e, gv. 242.
660
biT... SemrTe meca monaTa SenTa Tana,
svaneTi, Takveri, argveTi da guria~,
romelni ese dRes Rirs yven Svilad da

Zmad Senda. ara minda nawili Sengan,
aramed Cemica ese Senadve iyos~. 75
maSasadame, imisaTvis raTa gamxdariyo
erT-erTi siZe mir mefisa, siZeebs qveynis mmarTvelobis legitimuri kanonieri
uflebebi gadaecaT. siZeebi mefis `Svile-
nawili qarTlis samefosi. amiT dasavleT saqarTvelo kanonikuri legitimuri

samefo uflebiT miiRo leon I-ma
da
misgan leon II-m (cxadia, am dros ar
momxdara àfxazTa mier dasavleT
bad da Zmebad~ iqcnen, leon I-ma Tavisi

`samkvidrebeli~ qveyana afxazeTi gadasca qarTlis mefes (`Cemic ese Senadve
iyos~), axla ukve qarTlis samefos sazRvari mdinare klisuridan kidev ufro
CrdiloeTiT gadaiwia `did xazareTis~
mdinaremde. sanacvlod leon I-ma arCil
mefisagan miiRo nebarTva SeerTo asuli
mefe mirisa - `maSin misca leons colad Zmiswuli misi guaranduxt da gvirgvini igi, romeli berZenTa mefesa warmoeca mirisaTvis da yves aRTqma da fici
saSineli, viTarmed ara iyos mteroba
Soris maTsa, aramed erCdes leon arCils, yovelTa dReTa misTa~. 76 leon Ima miiRo mir mefis samefo gvirgvini,
SeirTo mefis asuli da arCil mefisagan
Cans gadaeca miris `sauxuceso~ teritoria, ègrisi, suaneTi, Takueri, argueTi da guria~, mas Semdeg rac arCili gadavida kaxeTSi.
sa bol ood u nda da vas kvn aT , r om
qarTuli wyaroebis Tanaxmad afxazTa
mefeebi iyvnen legitimuri memkvidreebi
qarTlis mefeebisa, kerZod leon I,
romelmac SeirTo qarTlis mefe miris
taxtis memkvidre qaliSvili guranduxti: 1. iqca qarTlis mefis `Svilad da
Zmad~; 2. legitimuri memkvidreoba ganumtkicda imiT, rom miiRo mir mefis samefo
gvrigvini; 3. arCil mefisagan miiRo mir
mefis `sauxucesoA~ miwa-wyali ègrisi,
75
qar Tlis cx oveba I, gv. 24 2;
76
iqv e, gv. 243.
saqarTvelos dapyroba~). amitomac afxazTa samefoSi, viTarca qarTul saxelmwifoebriv erTeulSi saxelmwifo enas
qarTuli ena warmoadgenda, qarTuli ena
aseve aq iyo saeklesio ena. herakle keisaris Semdgom bizantiis mier aneqsirebul Savi zRvispireTis eklesiebSi wirva-locvis ena berZnuli iyo (sxvagvarad
SeuZlebelia). amitomac, aq, qarTuli saxelmwifoebriobis aRdgenis, anu afxazTa
samefos Camoyalibebis Semdgom, TandaTanobiT, TiTqmis X s-is Sua wlebamde
mTeli afxazeTis samefoSi berZnuli saeklesio iurisdiqcia qarTuliT Seicvala, Sesabamisad berZnulenovani RvTismsaxurebac qarTulenovnebiT.
Cveni zogierTi istorikosis TvalsazrisiT, VIII-X ss-Si moxda dasavleT
saqarTvelos mosaxleobis `qarTizacia~
da amitomac aq sabolood gaimarjva
qarTulma enam. aseTi mosazreba miuRebelia: am dros arabTa mier dasustebuli iyo aRmosavleTi saqarTvelo, sadac
arabebma mkvidrad moikides fexi da 400
weli marTavdnen Tbilisis saamirosa da
garkveulwilad Sida qarTls, xolo qvemo
qarTlSi somxuri taSir-Zoraketis samefo
Camoyalibda dampyroblis xelSewyobiT.
am dros SeuZlebeli iyo danawevrebuli, saxelmwifoebriobamoSlil aRmosavleT saqarTvelos Tavisi kultura da
ena gaevrcelebina sxvagan. sinamdvileSi
dasavleTi saqarTvelo Tavdapirveladve
warmoadgenda qarTuli kulturis, qarTu-
661
li eklesiisa da qarTulenovani wirva-
sis arabuli variantis Tanaxmad wmida
locvis erT-erT umTavres keras. amitomac aq xelsayreli momentis dadgo-
grigols qarTvelTa (grgn) qveyanaSi gaugzavnia qarTveli (grgny) episkoposi ire-
misTanave aRsdga qarTulenovneba, qarTuli wirva-locva VIII-X ss-Si. qarTuli

ena mosaxleobis deda ena, kulturisa
da u rTi erT ob is en a i yo , a mit om ac
TiTqosda ucxo àfxazTa samefoSi~ es
narxe (`byrbzhm). n. maris wakiTxviT ibirbzxua. arabul variantSi mefeebis CamoTvlis dros sityva lazi gadmocemulia
ase - Irws*. Cans, aq istoriuli Zveli
lazika, trapezuntis qveyana, ar ig-
ena saxelmwifo da saeklesio enad gadaiqca. iqamdec qristianobis gavrcelebis
ulisxmeba, romelsac Zveli qarTuli

wyaroebis cnobiT `sofeli megrelTa~
dros I-III ss-Si fuZe qarTuli enis

daSlis Sedegad miRebuli dialeqtebi
aq Zalze axlo idgnen erTmaneTTan, am-
ewo debod a, ar amed, rogo rc Ca ns,

samxreT-dasavleT saqarTvelo, radganac arabul variantSi es sityva (lazi)
itomac fuZe qarTuli ena, romelic war-
ukve aRar gvxvdeba da mis adgilas Caw-
marTobis droidan sakulto ena iyo, aq

saeklesio enas IV s-danve warmoadgenda. platon ioselianis kvlevis Tanaxmad dasavleT saqarTveloSi qarTlis mefe
erilia sityva àfxazi~ (`bhz). es miuTiTebs, rom arabuli varianti VIII sis Semdeg afxazTa samefos Camoyalibebis Semdegaa warmoqmnili).
aderki s mefobis d ros iqadag es mociqulebma andria pirvelwodebulma da

simon kananelma da mataTam, maT Semdeg
aq II-III ss qristianobis gavrcelebi-
rogorc wyaroebi miuTiTebs, dasavleT saqarTveloSi wmida ninos dros

qristianoba saxelmwifo sarwmunoebad
iqca, wyaroTa cnobiT, egrisi mirian mefis
saTvis uzrunia bosforSi gadmosaxlebul wmida klimenti romaels, mis Semdeg pontos episkopos palmoss, romelsac Savi zRvispireTSi 70 eklesia au-
samefos nawils warmoadgenda. prokofi

kesarielis cnobiT, trapezuntis axlos
saqarTvelos mimarTulebiT mcxovrebi
qristianebi eklesiurad `lazTa episko-
gia. palmosis vaJi, aseve episkoposi

markioni kolxidelad ixseneba laTinur
wyaroebSi, Tumca ki es markioni mwvalebeli yofila, risTvisac mamisagan SeCveneba miuRia. monaniebis mizniT kolxideli
posebis~ iurisdiqciaSi iyvnen ìqauri

mcxovrebni arc romaelTa da arc lazTa mefis qveSevrdomebi ar arian, garda
imisa, rom, radgan isini qristianebi arian
lazT a epis kopose bi uwe seben maT
episkoposi markioni misula romis pap

anikitesTan, raTa mas moexsna mamis wyevla. 77 agaTangelozis cnobiT, wm. grigolma
mRvdelmsaxurebs~. 78 Tavis mxriv, romeli eklesiis iurisdiqciaSi imyofebodnen `lazTa episkoposebi~? iqneb romae-
lazTa qveyanaSi wm. ninos qadagebamde

gagzavna episkoposad sofroni - `lazTa
qveyanaSi gaagzavna sofroni, romelic
mRvdlad iyo kapadokiaSi~ (agaTangelo-
li cixesimagreebis petras an fasisis

episkoposebisa? VI s-Si am berZnul (bizantiur) cixe-qalaqebSi episkoposebi rom
yofiliyvnen, amis Sesaxeb uTuod mogvawv-
* SeniSvna: lazebi am arabul wyaroSi _ ìrv~-ad ixseniebian (anu ùrv~), sirielebTan ki _ ùrZ~.
77
:bpytjgbcfyst Cdzns[^ 18 50^ c& 8$
78
geo rgika, 2, 1965, gv. 125.
662
dida cnobas prokofi kesarieli, romelmac
kosis iurisdiqciaSi Sediodnen `lazTa
sagangebo naSromi miuZRvna petrasTan

omebis aRweras. prokofi kesarielis mo-
episkoposebi~, radganac mcxeTeli kaTalikosis iurisdiqciaSi aRmosavleT sa-
nacemebidan Cans, rom lazebis mRvdelmTav a r i `k a T a l i k o s ia ~ - ` q r i st i a n T a

mRvdelmTavarsac kaTalikoss uwodeben,
elinTa eniT, radgan es erTi ganagebs
yvela iqaur soflebs~. 79 ai, vis iuris-
qarTveloSi ramdenime aTeuli episkoposi imyofeboda, unda vifiqroT, rom lazTa

episkoposebis ricxvi mcire ar unda yofiliyo, amitom VI s-is bolosaTvis (da
VII s-is dasawyisSi) kirioni iwodeboda
diqciaSi arian `lazebis episkoposebi~,

maTi pirvelierarqi kaTalikosia, rogorc
ègrisis arqiepiskoposad~. cxadia, rogorc dasavleT, ise aRmosavleT saqar-
Cvens mier aris gamokvleuli, es iyo

mcxeTeli kaTalikosi.
maSasadame, sabolood unda davaskvnaT:
TveloSi aseTi viTarebis dros saeklesio ena qarTuli iyo. viTareba icvleba
VII s-is 20-30-iani wlebidan herakles
dasavleT saqarTvelos qristianebi, aR-
laSqrobis Semdeg, magram mas mere, rac
mosavleT saqarTvelos qristianebTan

erTad qmnidnen erT eklesias. am eklesiis iurisdiqciis sazRvari emTxveoda `qarTlis samefos~ saxelmwifoebriv sazRvars,
dasavleT saqarTveloSi aRsdga qarTuli saxelmwifoebrioba, afxazTa samefos Camoyalibebis Semdgom, TandaTanobiT saqarTvelos Savi zRvispireTis saepi-
jer mcxeTeli mTavarepiskoposi da Semdeg kaTalikosi qarTlis samefos yvela

qristianis pirvelierarqi iyo (amitomacaa
prokofis cnobiT dasavlel qarTvel `qris-
skoposoebi daubrundnen dedaqarTuli eklesiis wiaRs. ase, rom VII msoflio

krebaSi monawile episkoposi qristefore,
marTlac, SesaZloa, fasisidan trape-
tianTa mRvdelmTavari kaTalikosi~), dasavleT saqarTveloSi mcxeTeli kaTali-
zuntSi iyo gadasuli da berZnuli eklesiis iurisdiqciaSi imyofeboda.
79
geo rgika, 2, 1965, gv. 88.
663
qarTveli episkoposebi ferara-florenciis krebaze (1438)

XI s-Si, saqarTvelos sapatriarqos
bas Zalze didi yuradReba rom eqceoda,
CamoyalibebisTanave, saqarTvelos patri-
zemoT moyvanili dadgenilebiTac Cans.
arqs msoflio diptixSi eWira VI adgili 5 patriarqis Semdeg.

marTalia, qarTul eklesiaSi miRe-
qarTuli, anu iberiis eklesiis warmomadgenels am warmomadgenlobiT krebaze eWira VI adgili. 1438 wlis 5
bul diptixSi qarTvel patriarqs eWira
Tebervals feraraSi gaxsnil da flo-
VI adgili, magram scnobdnen Tu ara

amas msoflios sxva sapatriarqoebi, aRi-
renciaSi gagrZelebul `msoflio~ saeklesio krebas, sadac erTmaneTs Sexvd-
ar ebd nen Tu ar a isi ni qar Tve li

mamamTavris saydars VI adgilze? Cven
nen aRmosavleTisa da dasavleTis warmomadgenlebi da romlis aqtebsac aRmo-
dabejiTebiT unda vTqvaT, rom rogorc

romis papebi, ise aRmosavleTis 4 patriarqi scnobdnen iberiis eklesias VI
adgilze ierusalimis sapatriarqos Sem-
savleTis sapatriarqoebma xeli moaweres, `Tanabari uflebiT eswreboda iberiis mitropoliti~. 81

ìberiis mitropoliti ijda marTl-
deg. amas miuTiTebs ferara-florenciis
madidebelTa mxares V adgilze konstan-
saeklesio krebis diptixi. am krebaze

qarTul eklesias eWira VI adgili romis, konstantinopolis, aleqsandriis, an-
tinopolis, aleqsandriis, antioqiis da

ierusalimis warmomadgenlebis Semdeg.
`pirveli kardinalis pirdapir idga pa-
tioqiisa da ierusalimis saydrebis Sem-
triarqis savarZeli. patriarqis Semdeg
deg. es rom SemTxveviT ar iyo da eklesiaTa adgilebis ganawilebas am krebaze

sagangebo yuradReba eqceoda, iqidanac
oTx skamze ganlagebulni iyvnen... ierusalimis patriarqis msoflio warmomadgeneli menziis arqiepiskoposi da
Cans, rom cnobili rusi kanonistebis
iberiis mefis warmomadgeneli iberiis
cnobiT, florenciis krebam 1438 wels

uniis Sesaxeb dekretSi daadgina: `kon-
mitropoliti~. 82
krebis monawileni isxdnen Semdegi
stantinopolis patriarqi iqneba meore
rigis mixedviT: centridan Tanabar man-
romis papis Semdeg, aleqsandrieli mesame. Semdeg meoTxe antioqieli da mexuTe ierusalimeli~... 80
marTalia, am krebas ar gamoucia do-
Zilze idga ori taxti romis imperatorisa da berZenTa imperatorisa. sasuliero pirebi ganlagebulni iyvnen
Semdegi rigis mixedviT: erT mxares isxd-
kumenti, Tu rogor unda ganawilebuliyo Semdegi adgilebi, radganac kreba
nen laTinTa warmomadgenlebi, meore mxares isxdnen marTlmadidebelTa warmo-
exeboda ara diptixis, aramed sarwmunoebis sakiTxs, magram, saerTod, ekle-
madgenlebi. CvenTvis saintereso marTlmadidebelTa rigi iyo Semdegi saxisa:
siaTa (kaTedraTa) adgilebis ganawile-
marTlmadidebelTa rigSi pirvelad idga
a. kartaSe vi, mso flio kr ebebi, parizi, 1963, gv. 425 (rusul enaze );
evro pis wig nsacave bsa da arqive bSi, I, gv. 10 1; 82 iqv e, gv. 101-102.
80
81
i. tabaRua, saqarT velo
664
1. konstantinopolis patriarqis sa-
papis, aseve msoflio (konstantinopo-
varZeli (patriarqi am sxdomas ar eswreboda); 2. aleqsandriis patriarqis
lis) patriarqis da sxva aRmosavleTis

patriarqebis mier, amitomac isini erT-
warmomadgeneli arqiepiskoposi; 3. antioqiis patriarqis warmomadgeneli

arqiepiskoposi; 4. ierusalimis patriarqis warmomadgeneli arqiepiskoposi;
5. iberiis patriarqis (dokumentSia
maneTs ar daupirispirdnen da upirobod

dasves iberiis warmomadgeneli aRniSnul adgilze. iberiis eklesiis adgili
diptixSi ZvelTaganve cnobili iyo, amitom man am `msoflio~ krebaze yovelgvari
`mefis~) warmomadgeneli mitropoliti. amis Semdeg diptixis mixedviT isxdnen
davis gareSe Tavisi adgili daiWira.

XV s-is pirveli naxevris diptixi,
sxva marTlmadidebeli episkoposebi.

`nawyvet i florenciis s aeklesio
krebis oqmidan ... sasuliero pirebis
daculi ferara-florenciis krebaze,

aseTia: 1. romis papi; 2. msoflio (konstantinopolis) patriarqi; 3. aleqsan-
ganlagebis Sesaxeb ... pirveli kardina-
driis; 4. antioqiis; 5. ierusalimis;
lis pirdapir idga patriarqis savarZeli (patriarqi SeuZlod yofnis gamo im

dRes krebas ver eswreboda) ... patriarqis Semdeg oTx skamze ganlagebulni
6. iberiis; 7. trapezuntis; 8. rizes;

9. nikeis; 10. lakedemoniis; 11. nikomediis; 12. trivoniis; 13. amasiis; 14. mitilenis; 15. tolozinis; 16. stavropolis;
iyvnen herakliis arqiepiskoposi, romelsac aleqsandriis patriarqis kanonieri

mandati hqonda da misi adgili ekava;
antioqiis patriarqis mier gamogzavni-
17. tunisis; 18. garinis; 19. meletinis;

20. aqilis; 21. muldulis _ patriarqebi da arqiepiskoposebi. 84
marTalia, am krebaze aRniSnuli rigiT
li efesos arqiepiskoposi; ierusalimis

patriarqis warmogzavnili menziis arqiepiskoposi da iberiis mefis warmomadgeneli iberiis mitropoliti; amaT
isxdnen eklesiis ierarqebi, magram maTgan avtokefalur eklesiad miiCneoda mxolod 5 eklesia: k onstantino polis,
aleqsandriis, antioqiis, ierusalimisa
Semdeg isxdnen trapezuntis, rizes, nikeis ... arqiepiskoposebi ... mitropolitebi

... berebi, TavianTi wesis mixedviT~. 83
florenciis krebaze ara marto eklesiaTa warmomadgeneli sasuliero pire-
da iberiisa, amitom am avtokefalur eklesiaTa warmomadgenlebs am krebaze

eWiraT gansakuTrebuli, sxvebisagan gansxvavebuli skamebi krebis monawileTa
pirvel rigSi; xolo iberiis mefis elCi,
bi isxdnen `wesis~, anu diptixis mixedviT, aramed saero pirebic aseve `wesis~
mixedviT isxdnen.
romelsac agreTve trapezuntis imperatoris mandati hqonda, papis Tanmxlebi

piris pirdapir ijda. 85
ferara-florenciis saeklesio krebidan Cans, rom qarTuli eklesiis VI

adgili msoflio eklesiaTa rigSi, xolo
V adgili marTlmadidebelTa rigSi aRi-
aseTi saxis iyo `msoflio~ eklesiis

diptixi. rogorc cnobilia, sazogadod
iqamde da SemdgomSic marTlmadidebluri
diptixidan amoiRes romis papis moxse-
arebuli da cnobili iyo rogorc romis
nieba, magram amas araviTari gavlena ar
83
85
i. tabaRua, saqarTvelo evropis wigns acaveb sa da arqiveb Si, 1984, gv. 214-215;
iqv e, gv. 215.
84
iqv e, gv. 214;
665
mouxdenia qarTuli eklesiisaTvis kanon-
sxolarim (1453-1460) sxva aRmosavlel
ikurad miCneul VI adgilze. kerZod,

marTalia, marTlmadidebluri diptixi-
patriarqebTan erTad scno rusuli eklesiis damoukidebeli arseboba da gan-
dan gavida romis papis moxsenieba, ramac vakanturi adgili warmoSva adgilobrivi eklesiebis meTaurTa eqvseulSi, magram male vakanturi adgili daiWira ruseTis eklesiam msoflio sapa-
sa zRv ra CaT vli liy o a vto kef alu ri

rusuli mitropolia Tavisi RirsebiT
ierusalimis sapatriarqos Semdeg, e.i.
V adgilobriv marTlmadideblur eklesiaTa diptixSi~. 86
triarqosa da sxva sapatriarqoTa gadawyvetilebiT.
aqamde qarTul eklesias diptixSi adgili ierusalimis patriarqis Semdeg
ferara-florenciis krebis Semdeg

`konstantinopolis patriarqma genadi
eWira, amis Semdeg ki man VI adgili

daiWira (ruseTis eklesiis Semdeg).
saqarTvelos sapatriarqos adgili msoflio eklesiaTa rigSi
nawyveti florenciis saeklesio

krebis oqmidan
ACTA SACRA OECUMENICI

CONCILII FLORENTINI
1. patriarqis Semdeg oTx skamze ganlagebuli iyvnen: 2. herakliis arqiepiskoposi (romelsac aleqsandriis patriarqis
1. In quatuor scabellis post Patriarcham dispositis sequebantur 2. Archiepiscopus Heracleensis, Alexandrini Pa-
kanonieri mandati hqonda da misi adgili
triarchae legitimum mandatum habens,
ekava), 3. antioqiis patriarqis mier gamogzavnili _ efesiis arqiepiskoposi, 4.

ierusalimis patriarqis warmomadgeneli _
meneziis arqiepiskoposi da 5. iberiis
mefis warmomadgeneli _ iberiis mit-
eiuque locum tenens, 3. Archiepiscopus

Ephesinus Patriarchae Antiocheni Legatus, 4. Archiepiscopus Menesiensis Ierosolymitani Patriarchae personam repraesentans et 5. Metropolita Yberius
ropoliti.
Regis Yberiae Apocrisarius.
87
provoslavni cerkovni kalendar, 1985, gv. 3 (rus. enaze); 87 mit ropoliti anania jafariZe , diptixi da
diaspora, saq arTve los s apatr iarqo s adg ili ms oflio marT lmadideblur dip tixSi da diaspo ras
sakiTxebi, 2009, gv. 61, 63.
86
666
1589 wels, ruseTis sapatriarqos
daarsebis Semdeg, misma patriarqma diptixSi maRali adgili daikava. `roca didma krebam 1593 wels gansazRvra moskovis sapatriarqos mdgomareoba, mas mieca
ufro maRali adgili, vidre maSin arsebul arqiepiskoposebs avtokefaluri da
TviTmmarTveli eklesiebisa axridisas,
kviprosisas, iveriisas da pekiisas, magram ara aleqsandriis patriarqis Semdeg, rogorc surda ruseTis mefes, aramed
mxolod ierusalimis patriarqis Semdeg,
imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom krebis mamebma
Sesabamis mimarTvaSi ganacxades wmida
mamaTa kanonebis Seucvleloba~. 88
ioane bagrations Tavis TxzulebaSi
`kalmasoba~ daculi aqvs cnobebi ferara-florenciis krebaze damswre qarTvel episkoposTa Sesaxeb. misi cnobiT,
saqarTvelodan krebaze damswre axtalel
episkopos danielsa da Tavad nikoloz
CerqeziSvils xeli ar mouweriaT krebis dadgenilebaze, `xolo imereTis episkoposman iakob Semoqmedelman moawera xeli~. 89 saerTod, ioane batoniSvilis azriT, saberZneTidan da ruseTidan Casul
samRvdeloebas xeli mouweria krebis
aqtebisaTvis: `moaweres xeli berZenTa
da rusTa, garna antioxiisa patriarxman ara moawera xeli, arca qarTvelma
episkoposman axtalisaman danielman~... 89
Tumca ki, krebis damTavrebis Semdeg ukan
dabrunebul berZnebs (imperatorsa da
patriarqs da sxvebs) uaruyviaT am krebis dadgenilebani. axtalis saepiskoposo
kaTedra erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi iyo
qarTlis sakaTalikosoSi, mdebareobda
qvemo qarTlSi (amJamad somxeTis sazRvrebSia), xolo ìmerTa episkoposi iakobi~,
albaT, Semoqmedeli episkoposi afxazeTis (`qvemo iveriis~) sakaTalikosodan
iyo gagzavnili ferar-florenciis krebaze. iberiis mefes Tavis saxelmwifoSi
Semavali orive saeklesio erTeulis warmomadgenlebi miuvlenia krebaze.
ferara-florenciis saeklesio kreba
cxadia, ar iyo `msoflio saeklesio kreba~, magram am krebas gaaCnda saerTaSoriso mniSvneloba, imiT, rom mas eswrebodnen TviT msoflio (konstantinopolis) patriarqi, bizantiis saimperatoro
karis upirvelesi pirebi, yvela marTlmadidebeli sapatriarqos warmomadgeneli mRvdelmTavrebi, msoflios sxva marTlmadidebeli, maT Soris, rusuli eklesiis delegatebi. saqarTvelos eklesia am krebaze daayenes sapatriarqo eklesiaTa rigSi. marTlmadidebel eklesiaTa
rigSi (diptixSi) misi warmomadgeneli
daayenes V adgilze, mxolod am mxriv
aris es, anu ferara-florenciis kreba
CvenTvis saintereso da araviTar SemTxvevaSi mas `msoflio kreba~ ar ewodeba.
aRsaniSnavia, rom sxva wyaroTa miTiTebiT, krebaze wargzavnili iyvnen
episkoposebi saqarTvelos sxva kaTedrebidan. 90 kerZod, vaxuStis cnobiT,
am krebaze damswre qarTveli episkoposis saxeli sofroni yofila, xolo TviT
kreba saqarTvelos mefe aleqsandre didis dros Catarebula. 91
Drkfl Dctktycrjuj Gfnhbfh[f d hfphf,jnre ntvs (Lbgnb[b)^ c& 11$ 89 ioane batoniSvili, xumarswavla, t. II,
1991, gv. 350; 9 0 mTavarepiskoposi anania jafariZe, s aqarTv elos samociqulo ekl esiis istoria, t.
II, 1989, gv . 232-250; 9 1 qar Tlis c xovreba, t. IV, gv. 281.
88
naw ili
me xu T e
saqarTv elos eklesiis mmarTveli

ie rarq ia
667
668
669
kaT alik osi

msoflio saeklesio samarTlis is-
msoflio eklesiaSi aRniSnulTa gar-
torikosTa Tanaxmad, TiToeuli avtokefaluri adgilobrivi eklesia warmoadgens saepiskoposoTa erTobliobas, amitomac mas unda hqondes Tavisi erTobis
organoebi, aRWurvili administraciuli
da, agreTve arsebobda sammarTvelo ierarqiis umaRlesi saepiskoposo xarisxebi egzarqosisa, primasisa, papisa, arqiepiskoposisa, mitropolitisa da sxva
titulebi. isini nawilobrivad CvenSic
ZalauflebiT, romelic calkeul episkopo sTa

Zal auf leba s a Remateb a.
saqarTveloSi aseTi iyo sakaTalikoso
da sapatriarqo xelisufleba.
su li er i ga ge biT e rT i da i ma ve
arsebobdnen.
saqarTvelos eklesiis sammarTvelo
ierarqiis gacnobamde ganvixiloT Cveni
eklesiis umaRles mesaWeTa uflebamosilebis ganvrcobis areali anu saqarTve-
xarisxis mqone RvTismsaxurebi Tanasworni arian, magram isini SeiZleba erTmaneTisagan gansxvavdebodnen uflebam-
los eklesiis iurisdiqciis sazRvrebi.

amis gansazRvra saWiroa Semdegi garemoebis gamo: Tanamedrove istorikosTa
osilebis sivrcisa da sxva mniSvnelobis mixedviT.

RvTismsaxurTa am niSnebis mixedviT
gansxvavebas ewodeba mmarTveli ierar-
didi nawili qarTlis kaTalikosis uflebamosilebis arealad, rogor wesi, miiCnevs mxolod aRmosavleT saqarTvelos, romlis iurisdiqciaSic TiTqos
qia. saqarTvelos eklesiaSi arsebobda

episkoposis, mTavarepiskoposis, qorepiskoposis, kaTalikosis, patriarqis da sxva
ar Sedioda dasavleT saqarTvelo. aseTi mdgomareobis gamo Znelia ganvsazRvroT rogorc kaTalikosebis, iseve pa-
ierarqiuli xarisxebi.
triarqebis da sxva ierarqebis ufleba-
670
mosilebis sivrce. amitomac, rogorc
uwodeben kaTalikosebs. qvemo iberias,
zemoT aRvniSneT, ganvixiloT istoriuli geografiis sakiTxebi saqarTve-
romelsac Zvelad kolxeTs da lazikas

uwodebdnen, aqvs eparqiebi imereTSi,
los sapatriarqosTan dakavSirebiT.

rogorc Zveli qarTuli saistorio
monacemebis, aseve, rac gansakuTrebiT
aRsaniSnavia, berZnul-bizantiuri saeklesio wyaroebis Tanaxmad, saqarTvelo,
guriaSi, samegreloSi, afxazeTSi, svaneTsa da mesxeTis nawilSi. es episkoposebi eqvemdebarebodnen konstantinop-
anu iveria iyofoda or nawilad _ `zemo

iveriad~ da `qvemo iveriad~, anu `zemo
qveyanad~ da `qvemo qveyanad~. `zemo iveriaSi~ anu `zemo qveyanaSi~ igulisxmeba
aRmosavleT saqarTvelo. xolo qvemoSi
dasavleT saqarTvelo, Tumca zogjer
u cx o u ri wy a r oe b i ` ze m o q v ey a n as ~
akles Semdeg lev isavriosamde qvemo

iberia ukve iyo avtokefaluri saarqiepiskoposo, magram Cven ar viciT,
romeli imperatoris dros da romel
krebaze mianiWes mas avtokefalia... zemo
uwodebdnen dasavleT saqarTvelos, xolo

`qvemos~ - aRmosavleT saqarTvelos. amis
da sa da st ur ebl ad a rs ebo bs m ra va li
monacemi, amaTgan samagaliTod Cven amovarCevT sams:
1. rogorc cnobili kanonisti n. durnovo aRniSnavs, konstantinopolis msoflio sapatriarqom 1905 wels gamosca
konstantinopolis sapatriarqo arqivis
dokumentebis seriis III tomi, romelSic zemoaRniSnulTan dakavSirebiT miTiTebulia Semdegi: ìveriis qveyana gay-
qarTulad qulfargi ewodeba, qvemo iberiis kaTalikosi pativiT ufro metia zemo
iberiis kaTalikosze, radganac is ukve
isavrosis dros, 720 wels, qvemo iberiis kaTalikosi iyo... iberebi qvemo iberiis
kaTalikoss miiCneven ufros kaTalikosad, radganac mefe, e.i. imereTis Tavi,
maTTan iwodeba mTeli iberiis mefeTamefed~. 2
3. moviyvanT iberiis, anu sruliad
saqarTvelos or geografiul nawilad
gayofis damadasturebel Semdeg magal-
ofilia zemo da qvemo nawilebad. zemo

iveria s miekuTvneb a: imereTi, odiSi
(samegrelo) da guria. iverielebs ori
kaTalikosi hyavT. uzenaess aqvs kaTedra 12 mociqulis taZarSi, mcxeTaSi
(TbilisTan axlos), xolo meores, umrwmess, biWvinTaSi (afxazeTSi) RvTismSoblis taZarSi~. 1
2. meore magaliTia XVII s-is ierusalimis patriarqis dosiTeosis Semdegi
cnoba: ìberiaSi ori avtokefaluri arqiepiskoposia, romelTac qarTvelebi
iTsac: ierusalimeli patriarqi xrisanfi (qrisanTo) aseve XVII s-sa wers:

`saqarTveloSi, romelsac adre iberia
erqva, iyo ori avtokefaluri arqiepiskoposi, romelTac Cveulebis Tanaxmad
uwodeben kaTalikosebs, da ara arqiepiskoposebs. ase maT marto qarTvelebi uwodeben. amaTgan erTi, e.i. arqiepiskoposi
qvemo iberiisa, iwodeba imereTis, oseTis, guriis da sruliad qvemo iberiis
olis saydars fasidis mitropolitis saSualebiT... ase rom, berZen keisar her-
da qvemo iberias Soris sazRvari aris

qedi, romelic kavkasiis mTebSi iwyeba,
unetares kaTalikosad anu martivad,

sruliad iberiis unetares kaTalikosad,
n. durnov o, qarT uli ek lesiis bedi, ganTiadi, #10 , 1990, gv. 9 1; 2 dos iTeosi, ierusalimeli
patr iarqeb i, Tavi 5, gv. 510, wignidan: `sardeli mitropo liti maqsimi, qarTul i ekles ia da misi
avto kefalia, Teolo gia, aT eni, 19 66, gv. 48.
1
671
rogorc ufrosi zemo iberiis kaTali-
Tvelosac. amiT aris gamowveuli, rom
kosze, xolo meore, e.i. zemo iberiisa,

iwodeba qarTlis, kaxeTis, alvaneTisa
wm. ninos, vaxtang gorgaslis da kirionis dros qarTlis kaTalikosis iuris-
da sruliad zemo iberiis unetares kaTalikosad... romeli imperatoris dros an

romel krebaze gaxda is saarqiepiskoposo, Cven zustad ver davadgineT, magram 26 ivnisis svinaqsarSi vpoulobT,
diqcia dasavleT saqarTvelozec vrceldeboda. afxazeTis sakaTalikosos

warmoqmnis istoriulad Semdgom periodebSi, mcxeTis kaTalikosi Tavis Tavs
xSirad uwodebda `zemo qveynis~, `zemo
rom ioane, goTeTis episkoposi xeldasxmuli iqna iberiis kaTalikosis mier,
iveriis~, `zemo qarTlis~ kaTalikoss,

xolo afxazeTis kaTalikosi - `qvemo
radgan romaul qveynebSi batonobda xatmebrZolTa eresi, ase rom, rogorc Cans,
keisar herakles Semdeg isavramde qvemo
qveynis~, `qvemo iveriis~ kaTalikoss (amis

damadasturebeli wyaroebidan amokrebili
monacemebi mravlad gvaqvs motanili Cvens
iberia saarqiepiskoposo gaxda~... 3
`saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis is-
rogorc zemoT moyvanili magaliTebidan mkafiod Cans, iveria, anu qarTuli terminologiiT `qarTli~ iyofoda
or geografiul nawilad: qvemo iveriad,
toriis~ tomebSi, amitomac maT aq aRar

gavimeorebT). zemoT moyvanili magaliTebi,
romlidanac kargad dasturdeba mosazreba
Cveni Zveli mematianeebisa, rom qarTli,
anu `qvemo qarTlad~ da zemo iveriad `zemo qarTlad~. `qvemoSi~, rogorc ramdenjerme aRiniSna, igulisxmeboda dasavleTi saqarTvelo, `zemoSi~ ki aRmo-
anu iveria iyofoda or geografiul nawilad da amitomac mcxeTis kaTalikosebs `zemo iveriis~, anu `zemo qarTlis~ arqiepiskoposebs uwodebdnen bi-
savleT saqarTvelo kaxeTisa da mesxeTis CaTvliT. amaSi darwmuneba advilad

SeuZlia nebismier mkiTxvels, romelic
bejiTad gadaaTvalierebs qarTlisa da
zantielebi, xolo afxazeTis kaTalikosebs ki moixseniebdnen `qvemo iveriis~

arqiepiskoposebad. bizantielebi kaTalikosis tituls aTanabrebdnen bizantiur
afxazeTis kaTalikosTa mier gamocemul

sigelebs, gujrebs, werilobiT dokumentebs, sxva saeklesio werilobiT masalebs
da agreTve Cvens mematianeTa mtkicebebs, rom qarTlis samefos sazRvrebSi
arqiepiskoposis titulTan, radganac bizantiur saeklesio samyaroSi arqiepiskoposis maRali tituliT mxolod avtokefaluri eklesiebis meTaurebi moixseniebodnen, rogorebic iyvnen kviprosis
mefe farnavazidan vidre vaxtang gorgasalis Svilebamde moqceuli iyo dasavleT saqarTvelo jer mdinare egriswy-
avtokefaluri eklesiis meTauri arqiepiskoposis tituliT, àxali iustinianes~ avtokefaluri eklesiis meTauri
lamde, Semdeg ki mdinare klisuramde.

`qarTlis cxovrebisa~ da ` moqcevaA
qarTlisaAs~ mtkicebiT, qarTli qristesSobamde IV s-dan VI-VII ss-mde moicav-
da masTan memkvidreobiT dakavSirebuli

òxridis~ aseve avtokefaluri eklesiis meTaurebi arqiepiskoposis titulebiT.
bolo dros es tituli aqvs eladis
da aRmosavleTTan erTad dasavleT saqar-
avtokefaluri eklesiis meTaurs. aseTi
dos iTeosi, ierus alimel i patriarqebi, Tavi 5, wig nidan: sardel i mitro politi maqsimi, qar Tuli
ekle sia da misi avotoke falia, Teologia, aTe ni, 1966, gv. 48.
3
672
midgomis gamo qarTuli eklesiebis kaTa-
bidan Cans, herakle keisris laSqrobaTa
likosebs arqiepiskoposis tituliT moixseniebdnen Zveli berZeni patriarqebi.
Semdgom dasavleT saqarTvelos zRvispireTi, vidre argveTamde, CamoSorda
rogorc aRvniSneT, marTalia isini iverias, anu qarTls or geografiul nawilad yofdnen, magram kargad icodnen,
rom saqarTvelo erTiani, mTliani qveyana iyo eTnikuri TvalsazrisiT, romel-
qarTlis sakaTalikosos da es teritoria konstantinopolis sapatriarqos

iurisdiqciaSi Sevida, vidre bizantiis
imperator lev isavrosamde, rogorc amas
zemoT moyvanil cnobebSi miuTiTeben
sac marTavda ori kaTalikosi. iveriis

saxelmwifoebriv administraciul day-
ierusalimel-antioqieli patriarqebi. am
dros, e.i. VIII s-is pirvel naxevarSi
ofasTan dakavSirebiT konstantinopolis sapatriarqo werda: ìveria iyofa

xuT nawilad: 1) qarTli, taxtiT Tbi-
k o ns t a nt i n op o l Si a t ex i l i x a tm e brZoluri eresis gamo `qvemo iberiidan~

anu Semdegdroindeli afxazeTis sakaTa-
lisSi (ra Tqma unda, mefisa), 2) imere-
likosodan antioqia-ierusalimSi Casul
Ti, taxtiT quTaisSi, 3) kaxeTi, 4) samegrelo, 5) guria, qobuleTiT, taxtiT ozurgeTSi~. 4 Tumca ki, geografiuli TvalsazrisiT, rogorc aRvniSneT,
qarTvel sasuliero pirebs miuRweviaT

imisaTvis, rom ecnoT maTi eklesiis avtokefalia. ase daarsebula `qvemo iberiis~, anu dasavleT saqarTvelos sakaTa-
- ìveriis qveyana gayofilia zemo da

qvemo nawilebad~. 4
Tavdapirvelad IV da V s-saTvis qarTlis sakaTalikosos iurisdiqciaSi Se-
likoso. afxazeTis sakaTalikosos daarseba iyo erTaderTi swori, kanonikuri

gamosavali konstantinopolis sapatriarqos iurisdiqciidan dasavlur-qarTu-
dioda mTeli iveriis, anu qarTlis samefo. saeklesio kanonebic moiTxovda eklesiis iurisdiqciis sazRvrebis gavlebas saxelmwifo sazRvarze, amitomac,
li eklesiis Tavis dasaRwevad saekles io - s am a rT l e br i vi gz i T . d as a v le T

saqarTvelos qarTuli sakaTalikoso amis
Semdeg sixaruliT daubrunda Tavis bune-
cxadia, Tu vaxtang gorgasalis samefo

moicavda, rogorc mematianeebi dabejiTebiT amtkiceben dasavleT saqarTvelos,
vidre mdinare egriswyal-klisuramde, maSin cxadia V s-is meore naxevarSi qarT-
briv mdinarebas, anu deda-qarTuli eklesiis wiaRs. afxazeTis kaTalikosi amis

Semdeg, rogorc zemoaRniSnul cnobebSi
bizantieli ierarqebic miuTiTeben, iwod a ù mr w me s~ , x ol o aR m os av le T
lis kaTalikosis samwysoSi dasavleT

saqarTveloc Sedioda. es marTlac ase
yofila, rogorc es Cemi kvlevidan Cans,
saqarTvelosi _ ùxuces~ kaTalikosad.

qarTul eklesias hyolia agreTve mesame
kaTalikosic _ `xunZeTis kaTalikosis~
ara mxolod V s-Si,

nawilobriv vidre VII
ian wlebamde. 5 mxolod
wlebSi, rogorc zemoT
aramed VI s-Si
s-is 20-ian 30VII s-is 20-ian
moyvanili anti-
tituliT. aseTi wodeba hqonia XIV sSi `xunZel kaTalikos oqropirs~, rogorc
sinas mTis xelnawerTa aRwerilobaSi
werda iv. javaxiSvili, Tumca es cnoba
oqiel-ierusalimeli patriarqebis cnobe-
saeWvoa misi erTaderTobis gamo. Tu
kon stantinopolis sapatr iarqos arqivis dokumentebis seria, 1905, t. III, Jurn alidan `mnaTo bi~,
#10, 1990, gv. 9 1; 5 a. jafariZe, saq arTvelo s samo ciqulo eklesiis isto ria, t. I, t. II.
4
673
xunZeTSi marTlac Camoyalibda `samit-
Sirdeba babilonis selevkiis episkopo-
ropolito erTeuli~, anu pirvel ierarqi, romelsac Tavis iurisdiqciaSi sxva
sis saxels, romelic sparseTis qristianul eklesias meTaurobda (da imyo-
episkoposebic hyavda, misi arseboba albaT mxolod ramdenime aTeul weliwads

gagrZelda, radganac Temur lengis Semdeg xunZeTi da mTeli daRestani TandaTanobiT gamahmadianda. qarTveli batoniS-
feboda antioqiis mTvarepiskoposis damokidebulebaSi, v. cipinis azriT, nikeis I

krebis me-6 kanonis Tanaxmad). babilonis selevkiis anu e.w. `sparseTis~ kaTalikosi im dros Turme sargeblobda
vilebis TvalsazrisiT, dasavleT daRestnis mTianeTi istoriulad qarTuli
Zalze didi avtonomiiT, radganac bizantiasa da sparseTs Soris saomari
tomebiT iyo dasaxlebuli qarTuli salaparako eniT, magram gamahmadianebis Semdeg isini TandaTanobiT asimilirdnen
moqmedebis gamo sparseTis kaTalikosis

kavSiri antioqiis kaTedrasTan Zalze
gaZnelebuli iyo. es sakaTalikoso an-
aRmosavleT daRestnis tomebSi da qarTu-
tioqiasTan ganSorebis Semdeg Cavarda
li enac dakarges. es cnobac saeWvod

miiCneva, anu ufro sworad rom vTqvaT,
Cveni istoriografiis mouclelobis gamo
kvleva am mimarTulebiT ar warmoebs.
nestorianul eresSi da misma kaTalikosebma TavianT Tavs uwodes agreTve patriarqebi, sruli avtokefalobis gamosaxatavad. 8
asea Tu ise, sinas mTis xelnawerebSi

`xunZeli kaTalikosis~ moxsenieba mniSvnelovani faqtia qarTuli eklesiis samarTlis istoriisaTvis. ruis-urbnisis
v. cipinis mixedviT, kaTalikosebs (kaTolikosebs) Zvelad uwodebdnen im eklesiaTa meTaurebs, romelnic imyofebodnen bizantiis imperiis aRmosavleTi
krebis Tanaxmad, ukve kaTalikosis wodeba

hqonda qarTuli eklesiis meTaurs misi
daarsebisTanave IV s-Si. evstaT antioqielma `xeldasxmul hyo mas Sina maT-
sazRvrebis gareT. v. cipini wers: `maT

garda kaTalikosis tituli hqondaT
somxeTis eklesiis pirvel ierarqebs.
msoflio marTlmadideblobisagan maTi
Tvis episkoposi-kaTalikosi~. 6
kaTalikosis wodeba saqarTvelosa da
maxlobel qveynebSi berZnuli wyaroebis
mixedviT VI s-Si dadasturebuli faqtia, radganac prokofi kesarieli dasav-
ganSorebis Semdeg kaTalikosis pativi

a iR es qa r Tv el m a p ir ve l ie r ar qe b ma ,
romelnic antioqiaze iyvnen damokidebulni, magram VIII s-is Sua wlebidan
faqtobrivad TviTmyofadni iyvnen, Tum-
leT saqarTvelos qristianebis ambebis

Txrobisas moixseniebs am tituls (es
qristianebi kaTalikoss eqvemdebarebian,
ca mis avtokefalias ar cnobdnen konstantinopolsa da antioqiaSi. somxur

eklesiaSi kaTalikosis tituli ufro
romelic mosazRvre mxareSi ijda). 7 amJamad, rusi saeklesio samarTlis mcodneebis mier miCneulia, rom msoflioSi
pirvelad kaTalikosis titulis moxse-
maRali gaxda vidre patriarqisa~. 8

v. cipini cdeba, roca qarTul eklesias mxolod VIII s-dan warmoadgens
T v iT m y o fa d a d . d a m o uk i d e bl o b a m a s
nieba ganekuTvneba 410 wels da igi ukav-
aswleulobiT adre hqonda, v. cipins,
didi sjuliskanoni, 1975, gv. 54 6;

1994 , gv. 145, (rusul enaze).
6
geo rgika, II, 1965, gv. 88;
v. cipini, saek lesio samarT ali,
674
iseve rogorc sxva mraval mecniers,
misive TqmiT kviprosis eklesia `sakaTa-
cnobebi aqvs erTmaneTSi areuli. kerZo d m oRw eul i cn oba an tio qiu ri
qsonografidan, rom VIII s-Si avtokefalia mianiWes iberiidan Casul RvTismsaxurebs, miekuTvneba ara e.w. `zemo
likosoa~ da `sakaTalikoso eklesiaTa~

Soris erT-erTi rCeulia. igi wers: `say-
iberiis~ eklesias, aramed `qvemo iberiis~ eklesias (e.i. afxazeTis sakaTalikosos). VIII s-Si avtokefalia mianiWes
`qvemo iberiis~ anu yofili lazikis
samitropolitosa d a abazgiis saarqiepiskoposoze aRmocenebul axal erTian eklesias, romelsac qarTvelebi
àfxazeTis sakaTalikosos~, xolo berZnebi ìberiis (qvemo iberiis) saarqiepiskoposos~ uwodebdnen. 9
sainteresoa, rom qarTvelebi `kaTalikosebs~ uwodeben ara mxolod sparsuli, somxuri da qarTuli damoukidebeli eklesiebis meTaurs, aramed sazogadod yvela TavisTavadi eklesiis meTaurs,
maT Soris bizantiis SigniTac. magaliTad, eqvTime mTawmideli Tavis `mcire
sjuliskanonSi~ `kaTalikoss~ uwodebs
yoveli berZeni samitropolitos meTaurs,
e.i. misTvis `sakaTalikosoa~ berZnuli
samitropolito. 10 imave mniSvnelobiT
moixseniebs igi termin `kaTalikoss~
Tavisi Sromis 35-e da 36-e TavebSi. 11
maSasadame, rogorc Cans, qarTuli
gagebiT, sakaTalikoso aris igive samitropolito olqi. bizantiur samyaroSi
arqiepiskoposi eklesiis damoukidebel
meTaurs erqva (kviprosis, axali iustinianesa da sxva avtokefalur eklesiebisas), eqvTime mTawmidelma uari ganacxada kviprosis eklesiis `kaTalikosobaze~ - giorgi mTawmidelis sityviT.
darTa Soris sakaTalikozoTa saCino ars

da warCinebul saydari wmidisa epifane
kviprelisa~ da JamTa basili mefisaTa
odesme aResrula mTavarepiskoposi, romeli
iyo mun. da friad aiZula mefeman netarsa efTvimesa, raATa miiTvalos gangeba
misi. xolo man yovladve ara Tavs idva,
rameTu yovliTa moswrafebiTa evltoda
didebasa kacTasa da SfoTsa soflisasa
da simdablesa Seitkbobda~. 12
msgavsadve efrem mcire Tavis wignSi, romelic sagangebod miuZRvna qarTuli
eklesiis istoriasa da misi avtokefaliis
aRweras, wers, rom ukve pirveli episkoposi qarTuli eklesiisa, evstaTi antioqielis mier xeldasxmuli IV s-is
dasawyisSi iyo `kaTalikosis~ titulis
mqone, da aqedan gamomdinare IV s-is
dasawyisidan qarTuli eklesia - `sakaTalikosoa~ da maSasadame TavisTavadia.
rogorc eqvTime da giorgi mTawmidelebis, ise efrem mcires Tanaxmad
`kaTalikosi~ - damoukidebeli eklesiis
meTauria, eqvTimesaTvis samitropolito
olqic sakaTalikosoa (a lbaT igulisxmeba uZvelesi xana, roca samitropolito olqebi da `naTesavTa eklesiebi~ - avtokefalurebi, anu TavisTavadni
iyvnen. giorgi mTawmidelisa da efrem
mciresTvis `sakaTalikoso~ - damoukidebeli saarqiepiskoposo, anda saepiskoposoa. yovel SemTxvevaSi, qarTuli gagebiT, `kaTalikosebi~ mxolod bizantiis
gareT aRmosavleTis qristianuli qvey-
saq arTvelo s samo ciqulo eklesiis isto ria, t. II, gv . 89-9 6; 10 eqv Time aToneli `saekl esio
kano nTa kr ebuli, saRvTismetyv elo kre buli, 1983, # 11, gv . 14, VI msof lio kr ebis me -9 kan onis
ganxil va; 11 iqve, gv. 39 -40; 12 g iorg i mTawmide li, ìo vane s da e qvTimes cxo vre ba~, `q arTuli
mwer loba~, II t. , Tb., 1987, gv. 31-32.
9
675
nebis damoukidebel ierarqebs ar erq-
do kanoni, Tumca, cxadia, arsebobda
vaT, rogorc es miaCnia v. cipins, aramed

TviT bizantiur samyaroSi myof TavisTavad ierarqebsac. Zveli qarTuli saeklesio moRvaweebi, SeiZleba iTqvas, erTaderTi avtorebi qarTuli samarTlis
gamonaklisebic, gansakuTrebiT imperiis

dedaqalaqebis irgvliv. wmida mociqulTaswori konstantine didis dros imperia dayofili iyo oTx prefeqturad (oTx
nawilad), TiToeuli prefeqtura moicavda
sferoSi arsebuli naSromebisa eqvTime da giorgi mTawmidelebi, efrem mcire

_ `kaTalikosis~ tituls aigiveben `samitropolitos~ anda `saarqiepiskoposos~
imperiis udides regionebs da Tavis mxriv

es prefeqturebi iyofodnen diocezebad,
diocezebi ki provinciebad. Tavdapirveli mowyobis saxe imperiisa iyo provin-
meTaurTan, amitom ganvixiloT es ukanasknelni:

a) samitropolito olqi da
b) saarqiepiskoposo berZnul-bizantiuri saeklesio samarTlebrivi gagebis Sesabamisad.
yovlisa, unda aRiniSnos, rom adgilobrivi eklesiebis kanonikuri dafuZnebis

istorias ver gaviazrebT, Tuki saTanadod ar SevafasebT saeklesio centralizaciis im process, romelic daiwyo
ciuli e.i. imperia Tavdapirvelad ar

iyo dayofili prefeqturebad, mxolod
Semdgom imperiis dasustebis gamo marTvis gaadvilebis mizniT gadawyvites
prefeqturebisa da diocezebis Seqmna.
eklesiis iurisdiqciac Sesabamisi iyo.
Tavdapirvelad I-II ss-Si eklesia ise
unda yofiliyo mowyobili, rogorc amas
moiTxovda mociqulTa kanonebis 34-e
muxli, kerZod, yovel `naTesavs~ anu
eTnikur erTeuls unda hqonoda Tavisi
eklesia, hyoloda Tavisi episkoposebi,
romelTa Sorisac unda yofiliyo erTi
IV s-Si da grZeldeboda ramdenime aseuli

wlis manZilze.
`saeklesio centralizaciis procesi
mimarTuli iyo iqiTken, rom moeyvanaT
saeklesio organizacia SesabamisobaSi im
axal administraciul dayofasTan, romelic rom is imperiaS i Camoyali bda IV
gamorCeuli `pirveli~ episkoposi, laTinurad mas `primasi~ erqva. am `primass~

(pirvels) cnobda, anu aRiarebda `naTesavis~ yvela episkoposi. TandaTanobiT
aseTi eklesiebi gadaiqcnen provinciis
e k l e s i e ba d . s a q m e i s i y o, r o m i m
droisTvis romis imperia provinciebis
aswleulSi~. 1 3
imperiaSi Camoyalibebuli wesis Tanaxmad, saeklesio erTeulTa iurisdiqciis
sazRvrebi unda damTxveoda saxelmwifoadministraciuls. am sazRvrebis dasadgenad unda ganvixiloT, Tu ra saxiT
iyo mowyobili romis imperiis administraciuli dayofa. swored administraciul erTeulSi vrceldeboda saeklesio
erTeulis iurisdiqcia, es iyo sazoga-
saxiT daiyo ise, rom erT provinciaSi

moeqca erTi eTnosi, anu provinciaTa
sazRvrebi gahyva eTnikurs. v. cipini
amasTan dakavSirebiT wers: ìmperiis dayofam provinciebad Semoinaxa mosaxleobis warsuli eTnikuri suraTis saxe. ase
magaliTad, provincia galatias saxeli
warmomavlobs iq mosaxle xalxisagan
elinizebuli galatebisagan, xolo frigiis frigebisagan. 14 am provinciaTa mo-
a. samitropolito olqi. upirveles
13
v. cipini, saekl esio samarTali, gv. 212.
676
mcvel teritoriebze ufro
savelTi~ dayofili iyo 5 diocezad:
adre arsebobda eklesiebi TavianTi `pirveli episkoposebiT~ anu `primasebiT~, magram

ukve IV s-sTvis es iyo arqa uli ti tuli pi rve li
1. àRmosavleTi~ (sityvis viwro mniSvnelobiT) dedaqalaqi antioqia, am

diocezSi Sevidnen siria, palestina,
arabeTi da mesopotamia; 2. ègvipte~ (libiasTan da pentapolisTan erTad) mTa-
episkoposisa (maT nikeis epoqisaTvis TiTqmis yvelgan mitropolitebi uwodes). 14

`mitropolitis~ tituli
vari qalaqi aleqsandria; 3. àzia~ (centriT efesoSi), aerTianebda mcire aziis

samxreTdasavleT nawilis provinciebs;
4. `ponto~ (dedaqalaqi kesaria-kapadokia)
qronologiurad nikeis epoqaSi gamoCnda. IV s-is dasawyisSi

diokletianes administraciuli reformis Semdeg, provinciaTa ricxvis gazrdis gamo
provinciaTa dedaqalaqebis e.i.
mitropoliebis episkoposebs
TandaTan mitropolitis tituli miekuTvna. isini ukve gaxdnen igive `xalxis (eris) pirveli episkoposebi~ (mociq. 34),
r am e Tu , r o go rc aR i ni S na ,
romaulma provinciam Semoin-
moicavda mcire aziis Crdilo-aRmosavleT nawilsa da somxeTis mTianeTs;

5. `Trakia~ (frakia), moicavda balkaneTis naxevarkunZulis aRmosavleT nawils centriT iraklia. mis teritoriaze imyofeboda imperiis axali dedaqalaqi konstantinopoli.
illirikis prefeqturaSi (centri Tesaloniki) Sedioda ori diocezi: 1. makedonia; 2. dakia.
italiis prefeqturaSi Sedioda diocezebi: 1. italia; 2. afrika (dedaqalaqi
karTageni); 3. dasavleT illiriki (bal-
axa mosaxleobis warsuli eTnikuri suraTis saxe. 14

m oc i qu lT a s w or w m id a
konstantine didis dros imperia dayofili iyo Semdeg oTx
prefeqturad: 1. italia; 2. galia; 3. illiriki; 4. àRmo-
kaneTis dasavleTi nawili).

gali is pref eqtura Si Sedi oda:
1. gali a; 2 . esp aneT i; 3. bri tane Ti;
4. mavritania.
imperiis orive dedaqalaqi amoRebuli iyo saolqo daqvemdebarebidan. 15
v. cipinis azriT, provinciebad day-
savleTi~. illirikTan erTad

pr ef eq tu ra ` aR mo sa vl eT i~
Seadgenda berZnulenovan naxevars imperiisa, xolo prefeqturebi italia da galia
laTinurenovans. es prefeqturebi IV s-Sive dayves diocezebad. diocezebis gamgeblebi
TavianT prefeqtebs emorCilebodn en. pr efeqtu ra àR mo-
o fa i mp e ri i s a g ad a iq c a s a fu Z v la d
samitropolito olqebis warmoqmnisaTvis.
msgavsadve samitropolitoebis gaerTianeba
safuZveli gaxda ufro msxvili saeklesio olqebis warmoqmnisa, romelTa pirveli episkoposebi iwodebodnen ègzarqosebad~, `patriarqebad~.
maSasadame, qristianobis gariJraJze,
mociqulTa 34-e kanonis Sesabamisad `yvela ers~ hyavda Tavisi avtokefaluri
14
v. cipini, iqve, gv. 211;
15
v. cipini, saekl esio samarTali, gv. 213.
episkopati Tavisi `pirveli~ episkopos-
mainc unda amoqmedebuliyo mo-
iT. saxelmwifos mier qristianuli eklesiis aRiarebis Semdeg IV s-is dasawyis-
ciqulTa 34-e kanoni. IV s-is

dasawyisidan mainc, rac ukve
Si, radganac provinciaTa sazRvrebi

TiTqmis emTxveoda eTnojgufebis (xalxebis) gansaxlebis sazRvrebs, 34-e kanoniT èri~ gauTanabrda provincias, amitomac ukve provinciis `pirvel episko-
saxelmwifom ineba qarTuli eklesiis organizeba Sesabamis

doneze, cxadia qarTuli eklesia unda mowyob iliyo,
rogorc mezobeli eTnosebis
posze~ gavrcelda mociqulTa 34-e kanoni.

am kanonis Sesabamisad, yvela provinci-
eklesiebi. rogorc aRiniSna, im

dros, nikeis krebis win da
is eklesia iyo avtokefaluri (igulisxmeba IV s-is dasaw.), Tanaxmad udidesi

kanonistebisa s. troickisa, a. kartaSe-
mis dro s, romis imp eriaSi

arsebobda provinciaTa avtokefaluri eklesiebi. es avtoke-
visa da sxvaTa. IV s-Sive provinciaTa
faluri eklesiebi is-is iyo
ricxvi gaizarda maTi dayofis gamo. am

dros `pirvel episkoposs~ - ewoda mitropoliti, romlis xelqveSac Sedioda
mravali saepiskoposo. diocezTa siste-
iwyebdnen gaerTianebas ufro

msxvil saeklesio erTeulebad
imperiis axali administraciuli dayofis Sesabamisad.
mis warmoqmnam gaaerTiana erT diocezSi Semavali samitropolitoebi (e.i.

daikarga maTi avtokefalia) warmoiqmna msxvili saeklesio erTeulebi samTa-
rogorc aRiniSna, am dros imperiaSi provinciaTa eklesiebis episkoposebi daeqvemdebara

mocemuli provinciis mTavari
varepiskoposoebi anda saegzarqosoebi.

romeli principiT moewyo qarTuli
eklesia?
saqarTveloSi qristianoba ukve I-II
qalaqis, anu ber Znulad

`mit ropoli sis~ ( sityva -sityviT `dedaqalaqis~, `mitro~
- deda) episkoposs. warmoiqm-
ss-danve iyo nawilobriv gavrcelebuli.

arqeologiuri monacemebiT, ukve III sSi qristianuli mdidari samarxebi fiqsirdeba (magaliTad III s-is samTavros
#25-e samarxi), 16 aRmoCenilia sxva qris-
na samitropolito eklesiebi
anu olqebi. provinciaTa qristianuli Temebi dedaeklesiad
mi iCne vdn en
p rov inciis
dedaqalaqis eklesias, romel-
tianuli samarxebic II-III ss-sa mcxeTidan vidre rgnamde (WiaTuris r-ni).

werilobiTi monacemebiT, III s-Si qris-
ic xSirad daarsebuli iyo

mociqulTa anda mociqulTasworebis mier. amitom provin-
tianul swavlebasa da morals samefo

karamde miuRwevia (mefe rev marTali).
ioane sabanisZe III s-dan iTvlida CvenSi
qristianobas, amis gamo savaraudoa, rom
ciaTa Temebi aRiarebdnen Tavisi

ded aqal aqis (mi trop olii s)
eklesiisa da misi episkopisis
avtoritets, m isi meTauris
CvenSic ukve III s-is meore naxevridan
iurisdiqcias. ase Camoyalibd-
v. nikolaiSvili, axladaRmoCen ili ar qeologiuri Ze glebi didi mc xeTis t eritor iaze

`Zeg lis meg obari~, #63, 19 83, gv. 35.
16
677
678
nen pirveli adgilobrivi eklesiebi,
is garSemo da dakarges viwro avtoke-
romelTac avtokefaluri pirveli episkoposebi meTaurobdnen~. 17 maTi àvtokefaluroba~ didxans ar gagrZelebula,

male samitropolitoebic gaerTiandnen.
`pirveli episkoposi~ (mociqulTa kanon-
faliebi, didi eklesiebis avtokefaliaTa qveS. saqarTvelo ar iyo romis provincia, amitomac, cxadia, misi eklesia
ar SeiZleboda SeerTeboda romelime
diocezis eklesias, imperiis adminis-
ebis 34-e muxlisa da antioqiis krebis

me-9 muxlis mixedviT) iwoda mitropolitad. kanonikur eklesiebSi pirvelad es tituli gvxvdeba nikeis krebis
traciuli dayofis Sesabamisad. amitomac, qarTuli eklesia darCa iseTive mowyobis saxiT, rogoradac Tavidanve Camoyalibda, e.i. mociqulTa kanonebis 34-e
kanonebSi (kan. 4, 6, 7).

saqarTveloSic, rogorc aRiniSna,
pirveli saepiskoposo eklesia, msgavsadve
un da C am oy ali be bu li yo, m oc iq ul Ta
34-e kanonis Sesabamisad, maSasadame, Tu
II-III ss-Si CvenSi iyvnen qristianebi,
unda hyolodaT episkoposebi (e.i. Tana m e dr o v e m n iS v n e l o b iT m R v d l eb i ) ,
romelnic naTlavdnen axladmoqceulebs.
maT unda hyolodaT erTi `pirveli~
episkoposi (mociq. 34-e kan.). rogorc
aRiniSna, imperiaSi Semdeg `pirvel episkoposs~ ewoda mitropoliti da igi av-
muxlis Sesabamisad. igi iyo eklesia ramdenime saepiskoposoTi, romelTac hyavdaT `pirveli~ episkoposi. oRond, xdeboda mezoblebisgan eklesiis meTaurTa
ti tu lat uri s meq an iku ri ga dmo Re ba
`pirveli~ anu `mTavari~ qarTveli episkoposis mimarT. jer mas uwodes mezobeli
episkoposebis darad `kaTalikosi~, Semdeg ki `patriarqi~, Tumca ki eklesiis
kanonikuri wyobis saxe ar Secvlila
(garkveul dromde) da igi igive darCa.
e.i. qarTuli eklesia Tavidanve Camoyalibda viTarca romauli provinciis
tokefalur eklesias meTaurobda. CvenSi, rogorc cnobilia, ar arsebobda

`mitropolisebi~, xmelTaSuazRvispireTis didi qalaqebis msgavsi qalaqebi,
iyo ramdenime mcire qalaqi da soflebi.
amitom, CvenSi, eklesiis meTaurs IV sis 40-50-iani wlebidan uwodebdnen ara
msgavsi eklesia, anu berZnuli samitropolito olqi. Tumca ki, rogorc aRiniSna, mis meTaurs `mitropolitis~ wodeba
ar hqonda.
ganvixiloT dReisaTvis gabatonebuli Tvalsazrisi imis Sesaxeb, rom Tavdapirvelad qarTuli eklesia imyofeboda
mitropolits, aramed `mTavarepiskoposs~.

IV s-is 20-iani wlebidan mainc qarTuli eklesia iseve unda yofiliyo mowyobili, rogorc imperiis provinciis eklesia Tavisi avtokefaluri `pirveli~
episkoposiT (es `pirveli~ iyo albaT
qarTuli `mTavarepiskoposi~). imperiaSi,
rogorc aRiniSna, provinciaTa eklesiebi gaerTiandnen jer diocezebSi, Semdeg
ki prefeqturebSi anda mTavari qalaqeb-
antioqiis eklesiis iurisdiqciis qveS

da Semdeg miiRo avtokefalia. marTalia, es Teoria Zveladac unda arsebuliyo, magaram igi sabolood unda Camoqniliyo bizantiuri pentarqiis Teoriis
Camoyalibebis anu VII_IX s-is Semdeg
da misi ganmtkicebisaTvis xeli unda
Seewyo terminologiur aRrevas. kerZod,
radganac qarTuli eklesia Camoyalibebuli iyo III-IV ss-Si arsebuli Cveulebrivi
17
v. cipini, dasax , naSr. , gv. 210;
679
wesis Sesabamisad (e.i. mociqulTa 34-e
dnen imJamindeli qarTvelebi. XX s-is
muxlis mixedviT), daarsebisTanave iyo

iseve avtokefaluri, rogorc III-IV ssis mijnaze da IV s-is dasawyisSi Camoyalibebuli yvela eklesia, amitomac cxadia misi avtokefaliis Sesaxeb ar unda
qarTvelma istorikosebma es petre III

ratomRac warmoadgines petre fulonad,
romelsac TiTqosda V s-Si miuniWebia
qarTuli eklesiisTvis avtokefalia. es
bolo mosazreba mTlianad miuRebeli
arsebuliyo araviTari sabuTi. mas ar

hqonda vinmes mier miniWebuli anda miRebuli avtokefalia, igi bunebrivad avtokefaluri iyo daarsebisTanave Tavisi
iqneboda Zveli qarTuli eklesiisTvis,

radganac petre fulons saqarTveloSi
miiCne vdnen ubor otes eresi arqad,
romelsac mTavarepiskoposma miqaelma
epoqis msoflio praqtikis Sesabamisad.

amitomac amtkicebda giorgi mTawmideli
antioqiis patriarqis winaSe, rom qarTuli eklesia Tavidanve avtokefaluria,
radganac mociqulTa mier aris daarsebuli, mociqulTa mier daarsebuli yvela eklesia ki avtokefalurad miiCneoda. 18 magram giorgi mTawmidelis Semdgom
qarTvel moRvaweebs, Cans, es mosazreba
aRar akmayofilebdaT, amitomac maT daiwyes Zieba, Tu vis mier iqna daarsebuli
qarTuli eklesia da vin mianiWa mas avtokefalia. sabuTebi ver aRmouCeniaT,
qvebiT Tavi gaupo sxva qarTvel episkoposebTan erTad. amasTanave xazgasmiT

unda aRiniSnos, rom petroz mkawvr ali (fuloni) SeaCvena VI msoflio krebam Tavis 33-e da 68 -e kanonebiT, viTarca mwvalebeli.
qarTul sabuTebSi xSirad antioqias
war moad genen `mTe li a Rmosa vleT is~
dedad, dedaeklesiad aRmosavleTis yvela eklesiisa. sazogadod, saqarTvelos
Zvel ZeglebSi xSirad àRmosavleTs~,
àRmosavalis~ qveyanas uwodebdnen da
radganac antioqia aseve àRmosavleTis~
gar da e rTisa , ro meli c àn tioq iur

qronografidan~ amouRiaT, rom VIII sSi iberiidan antioqia-ierusalimSi Casula delegacia, romelTac miuRweviaT
eklesiis avtokefaliisTvis. es cnoba
s in a md v il e Si , r o g or c g a rk v eu l ia ,
miekuTvneba e.w. `qvemo iberiis~ da ara
dedaeklesia iyo, Cans, terminologiuri

damTxvevis gamo antioqiac qarTuli eklesiis dedaeklesiad warmoadgines.
sinamdvileSi ki, rogorc aRiniSna,
antioqia iyo ara mTeli aRmosavleTis
dedaeklesia, aramed antioqia iyo dedaqalaqi romis imperiis prefeqturisa,
mcxeTis sakaTalikosos. 18 arsebobs balsamonis cnoba qarTuli eklesiis antioqiisagan gaTavisuflebis Sesaxeb petre
patriarqis dros, sinamdvileSi esaa mxolod gamoZaxili giorgi mTawmidelisa
da antioqiis patriarq petre III-is cnobili paeqrobisa. im dros, e.i. XI s-Si
qarTuli eklesia damoukidebeli iyo da
antioqia mxolod pretenziebs gamoTqvamda, romelsac sakadris pasuxs scem-
romelsac àRmosavleTi~ erqva. es prefeqtura ar moicavda mTel aRmosavleTs,

aramed mas gaaCnda mtkiced dadgenili
sazRvrebi, am àRmosavleTis prefeqturaSi~ Sedioda xuTi diocezi, maT Soris
Sedioda sakuTriv diocezi àRmosavleTi~, swored am diocez àRmosavleTis~
dedaqalaqi iyo antioqia da masSi Sedioda siria, palestina, arabeTi da mesopotamia. prefeqtura àRmosavleTSi~,
18
saq arTvel os samo ciqulo eklesiis isto ria, t. I, t. II.
680
rogorc aRniSnuli iyo agreTve Sedio-
Si marTlac arsebobda ìberiis Temi~,
da diocezebi egvipte, àzia~, ponto

da Trakia. rogorc aqedan Cans, prefeq-
Tumca, igi unda yofiliyo ara antioqiis, aramed pontos, anu konstantinopo-
tura àRmosavleTSi~ ar Sedioda kavkasia, kerZod ki saqarTvelo, Tumca masSi

Sedioda somxeTis mTianeTi (pontos diocezSi) da mesopotamia (àRmosavleTis~
diocezSi). amitomac antioqiis iuris-
lis iurisdiqciaSi.
rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, titul `kaTalikosis~ pirveli xseneba miekuTvneba
`babilonis selevkiis~ episkoposs, romelic sparseTis qristianul eklesias me-
diqciaSi saeklesio kanonebis Tanaxmad

ar SeiZleboda Sesuliyo saqarTvelo.
Taurobda 410 wels, igi antioqiis episkoposis damokidebulebaSi imyofeboda, ma-
antioqiis eklesias ufleba gaaCnda Tavis

diocez àRmosavleTis~ momcvel miwawyalze es iyo, kidev erTxel aRvniS-
gram gaaCnda Zalze didi avtonomia. ratomRac fiqroben, rom am cnobis Tanaxmad, s parseTi imy ofeboda ant ioqiis
navT, siria, palestina, arabeTi da me-
iurisdiqciis qveS. sinamdvileSi ki, rad-
sopotamia. Tu maincdamainc, SeeZlo pretenzia ganecxadebina mTeli àRmosavleTis~ prefeqturaze romelSic Sedioda diocezi ègvipte~, àzia~, `pon-
ganac àRmosavleTis~ diocezSi Sedioda mesopotamia, amitomac mesopotamiis

mkvidri, anu `sparseli~ qristianebi,
cxadia, diocezis dedaqalaqis anu an-
to~ da `Trakia~, magram Cven kargad

viciT, rom ègvipte~ - aleqsandriis patriarqisa da ara antioqiis iurisdiqciaSi iyo Tavidanve, xolo sami dio-
tioqiis iurisdiqciaSi imyofebodnen. sxva

sakiTxia is, rom V s-Si, `qarTlis cxovrebis~ Tanaxmad, sparseTis saxelmwifom bizantias CamoaWra mesopotamia da
cezi àRmosavleTisa~ - àzia~, ponto~

da `Trakia~ konstantinopolis sapatriarqom gaaerTiana Tavis garSemo. istoriulad, e.i. IV-V ss-Si antioqiis sap-
misma eTnikurma anu `sparselma~ kaTalikosma miiRo sruli avtokefalia, miT

umetes rom mis iurisdiqciaSi aRmoCnda
Tavisi eTnikuri qveynis sparseTis qris-
atriarqos namdvili iurisdiqcia vrceldeboda ara prefeqtura àRmosavleTze~,

aramed diocez àRmosavleTze~, e.i. siriaze, palestinaze, arabeTsa da mesopotamiaze, aqedan antioqias Camoaciles
tianebic. amitomac, iqamde, `babilonis

selevkiis~ kaTalikosis daqvemdebareba
antioqiisadmi bunebrivia da saeklesioadministraciuli normis Sesabamisia.
msgavsadve somxeTis mTianeTi pontos di-
palestinis erTi nawili da ierusalimis sapatriarqos gadasces. saeklesio

kanonikuri tradiciis Sesabamisad ar-
ocezSi Sedioda da somexi qristianebic

im qveynisa unda daqvemdebarebodnen diocezis, anu kesaria-kapadokiis mTavarepisko-
saidan Cans, rom antioqias SeeZlo Tavis

iurisdiqciaSi hyoloda saerTod imperiis
farglebs gareT myofi ìberia~. SeiZleba vivaraudoT, rom, SesaZloa, romis
poss, e.i. somxuri eklesiis yofna pontos eklesiis iurisdiqciaSi normaluria.

aqedan ar unda daaskvnan, rom, radganac
somxuri eklesia eqvemdebareboda imperi-
imperiaSi ramdenime mxares rqmeoda saxeli ìberia~, viTarca iyo ramdenime armenia. X s-saTvis bizantiis erT nawil-
is saeklesio centrs, qarTulic aseve

unda daqvemdebareboda. rogorc aRvniSneT, saqarTvelo ar Sedioda romis anu
681
bizantiis imperiis farglebSi da masze
is~ kaTalikosebs, maT garda kviprosis
cxadia, ar vrceldeboda saeklesio daqvemdebarebis imperiuli kanonebi. mesopotamieli sparselebi da pontoeli somxebi
ki imperiis farglebSi Sediodnen. Semdgom
saukuneebSi, radganac aRar axsovdaT im-
eklesiis pirvel episkoposs, axali iustinianis episkoposs, mis memkvidre oxridis saarqiepiskoposos meTaurs, amJamad
ki eladisa da albaneTis eklesiebis meTaurebs. dasavleTis eklesiaSi àr-
periis Zveli administraciuli dayofis

saxe, àRmosavleTis~ qveS moiazres ara
raime CarCoTi SemosazRvruli administraciuli erTeuli yofil romis impe-
qiepiskoposi~ gaxda mitropolitTa tituli. amis msgavsad, radganac Tavdapirvelad, formirebis dros qarTuli eklesia mowyobili iqna, rogorc samitro-
riaSi, aramed sityvis pirdapiri mniSvnelobiT mTeli aRmosavleTi, saqarTvelos eklesiac, rogorc erT-erTi aRmosavluri eklesia antioqiis iurisdiqciis qveS warmoadgines.
maSasadame, qarTuli eklesia, Tavdapirvelad Camoyalibda msgavsad romauli provinciuli eklesiisa, anu berZnuli `samitropolito olqisa~, erTi saeklesio pirvelierarqiT, romelsac uSualod eqvemdebarebodnen episkoposebi. mis
meTaurs uwodebdnen `mTavarepiskoposs~,
Semdeg ki mezobeli eklesiebis meTaur-
polito olqi, SesaZlebelia vifiqroT,

rom mis meTaursac arqiepiskoposis, anu
mTvarepiskoposis titulic mieniWa, yovel
SemTxvevaSi `moqcevaA qarTlisaAs~ mixedviT IV s-is pirvel naxevarSive qarTlis pirvel episkopos ioanesac da mis
Semdeg yvela meTaurs qarTuli eklesiisa mTavarepiskopisis tituli hqonda.
aq unda gaviTvaliswinoT isic, rom bizantiur samyaroSi arqiepiskoposis titulma miiRo kidev erTi mimarTuleba,
arqiepiskoposebad daiwyes titulireba
im episkoposebisa, romelTa samwyso mo-
Ta darad `kaTalikoss~, Tumca saxelebis SecvliT eklesiis kanonikuri ierarqiuli wyobis saxe ar Secvlila. igi
CamoyalibebisTanave avtokefaluri unda
yofiliyo, iseve rogorc provinciuli
eklesiebi da samitropolito olqebi
Camoyalibebis xanaSi IV s-is dasawyisSi
qceuli iyo samitropolito olqis teritoriaze da miuxedavad amisa, avtokefalurni iyvnen mitropolitis mimarT
(imyofebodnen patriarqis iurisdiqciaSi). 19 Cans, am momentsac upovnia Tavis
gamoZaxili qarTul eklesiaSi, oRond
kaTalikosobis dawesebis Semdeg. rogorc
nikeis krebamde.
aRiniSna, kaTalikosobis dawesebamde

(V s-is 60-70-iani wlebi) Cveni eklesiis meTaurs hqonda mTavarepiskoposis tituli, magram kaTalikosobis dawesebis Semdeg, miuxedavad imisa, rom CvenSi mravali
saepiskoposo iyo, mTavarepiskoposis
t it ul i hq on da m xo lo d mc xe Ti s
samTavros episkoposs. rogorc Cans, mas
gaaCnda garkveuli avtonomiuri uflebebi, sxva episkoposebTan SedarebiT. kaTa-
b. saarqiepiskoposo. rogorc aRiniSna, arqiepiskoposis tituliT ixseniebdnen avtokefaluri eklesiebis meTaurebs. arqiepiskoposis tituliT msoflio eklesiis upirvelesi patriarqebi
ixseniebdnen qarTuli eklesiis meTaurebs, rogorc qarTlis, anu `zemo iveriis~, aseve afxazeTis anu `qvemo iveri19
v. cipini, dasax . naSr. , gv. 145.
682
likosobis dawesebis Semdeg rogorc
la sityva `mTavarepiskoposidan~ da es
qarTul, ise somxur wyaroebSi naxsenebi `mTavarepiskoposi~ anu `sefesaxlis
saxeli samTavarepiskoposo sakaTedro

taZars uwodes. mas, rogorc Cans, Se-
episkoposi~, rogorc aRvniSneT, gulisxmobs mcxeTis samTavros episkoposs, mas

gaaCnda didi privilegiebi, pirvelad
m oi x se n ie b o da ka T al i ko s is S em d eg ,
amasTanave mas Tavis iurisdiqciaSi hyavda
narCunebuli hqonda raRac TavisTavadobis niSnebi, yovel SemTxvevaSi, misi

samwyso moqceuli iyo sakaTalikoso
olqis teritoriaze. maSasadame, qarTlis mTavarepiskoposi, cxadia, saerTod
samwyso dasavleT saqarTveloSic ki (es

iyo istoriuli provincia `vake~) Tanax-
qarTlis kaTalikosis administraciuli

Zalauflebis qveS iyo, magram, Cans,
mad vaxuSti batoniSvilisa.

erTi qalaqis, Tanac dedaqalaqis (mcxeTis) teritoriaze ori episkoposis yof-
ufro naklebad vidre sxva episkoposebi, mas meti privilegiebi gaaCnda. sefe
anu sam efo s axlis epi skopo si i yo.
na, rac TavisTavad saeklesio kanonebis
rogorc Cans, ase iyo V-VII ss-Si,
moTxovnaTa darRvevaa, miuTiTebs imis

Sesaxeb, rom mcxeTaSi kaTalikosis gverdiT samTavarepiskoposo kaTedris arseboba warmoadgenda istoriuli procesis
garkveul dromde.
saerTod, unda vifiqroT, rom termin `kaTalikosis~ warmoSoba dakavSirebuli unda iyos aRmosavleTis eklesie-
Sedegs. unda vifiqroT, rom mcxeTaSi

kaTalikosis kaTedris daarsebisas, qarTlis mefem, Cans, ver SeZlo ukve arsebuli qarTlis mTavarepiskoposis kaT-
bSi saegzarqosoebis warmoSobasTan IVV ss-Ta mijnaze. Tavdapirvelad egzarqosi erqva saxelmwifo Tanamdebobis mqone
pirs (laTinurad vikari), romelic
edris gauqmeba, marTalia, TviTon bolo

mTavarepiskoposi miqaeli gaZevebul iqna
qveynidan mefis SeuracxyofisaTvis, magram, rogorc Cans, mcxeTis samTavar-
iyo romis imperiaSi erT-erTi diocezis

samoqalaqo meTauri. rogorc aRiniSna,
diocezTa msxvil administraciul
erTeulTa Seqmnis kvaldakval romis im-
episkoposo kaTedra darCenila. amiT unda

iyos gamowveuli: a) am ambavTan axlos
mdgom somxur wyaroebSi samTavros mTavarepiskoposis - `sefesaxlis episkoposis~ moxseneba (ix. epistoleTa wigni)
periaSi msxvildeboda saeklesio erTeulebic ise, rom saeklesio erTeulTa

iurisdiqciis sazRvari damTxveoda samoqalaqo administraciuls. diocezi Seicavda ramdenime provincias, yofili
da b) is, rom, rogorc aRvniSneT, mTavarepiskoposis iurisdiqciaSi darCenilia

dasavleT saqarTvelos mrevlis nawili.
samitropolito (saepiskoposo) erTeulTa xarjze diocezis sazRvrebis SigniT

yalibdeboda adgilobrivi eklesia, rom-
dasavleT saqarTvelos mrevli IV-V ssSi, rogorc es Cvens mier aris garkveuli, eqvemdebareboda qarTlis eklesiis
meTaurs, Cans kaTalikosobis SemoRebis
lis sazR vrebi emTxv eoda dioce zis

sazRvrebs. Tavis mxriv, am diocezTa
gaerTianebis Semdeg gaerTianebuli eklesiis gamge episkoposs ewoda ègzar-
Semdeg, am mrevlis erTi nawili kvlavindeburad darCa mTavarepiskoposis iurisdiqciaSi. toponimi `samTavro~ warmoSobi-
qosi~, zogjer aseTi diocezebis eklesiebi

prefeqturaSic erTiandebodnen, mis gamge
episkopossac igive saxeli erqva.
683
ègzarqosi~, rogorc aRvniSneT, sa-
es teritoria, da masTan erTad mis
zogadod saxelmwifo Tanamdebobis saero

pirs erqva, ufro metad diocezis meTaurs, Semdeg ki mis Sesabamisad diocezis saeklesio gamgesac daerqva, amitomac es termini gamoiyeneboda imperi-
meuRles imperatoris asuls, mziTvis

saxiT Tan mohyva teritoria md. egriswylidan md. klisuramde. aseve sparselebTan
gamarjvebis Semdeg albaT aRmosavleT
saqarTveloc ufro gafarTovda, berZen-
is SigniT gaerTianebuli eklesiis meTaurebis mimarT, magram eklesiaTa gaerTianeba, gamsxvileba, centralizacia
xdeboda imperiis gareTac, sadac arc
Ta mpyrobelobis dros rogorc klarjeTSi, ise Savi zRvispireTSi unda yofiliyo saepiskoposo kaTedrebi, radganac es vrceli regionebi mxurvale qris-
diocezebi iyo da Sesabamisad arc ègzarqosis~ tituli SeiZleboda rom yofiliyo. amitomac, unda vifiqroT, rom
imperiis gareT gaerTianebul eklesiaTa
meTaurebs miakuTvnes isev berZnuli, imave
ideis gamomxatveli, magram sxva tituli `kaTalikosi~.
`kaTalikosi~ berZnuli sityvaa da
`sayovelTaos~ niSnavs, maSasadame kaTalikosi aris sayovelTao episkoposi mTel
garkveul teritoriaze. saqarTvelos
sakaTalikosos Seqmnis win marTlac gafarTovda qarTuli eklesiis iurisdiqciis
tianebiT iyvnen dasaxlebulni. vaxtangis m ier ka Talikos obis da wesebi sas,

rogorc Cans, miRebuli iqna dadgenileba rom mcxeTis pirveli ierarqi yofiliyo `sayovelTao~ episkoposi qveynis ara
mxolod Zveli nawilisa, aramed axlad
SemoerTebuli mxareebis qristianebisa
da maTi saepiskoposo kaTedrebisa (iqamdec rom qveyanaSi mravali saepiskoposo kaTedra arsebobda, naTqvamia Cveni wignis I tomSi). maSasadame, `kaTalikosi~, rogorc Cans, bizantiis imperiis gareT didi mxareebis anda qvey-
sazRvrebi, radganac mematianis sityviT,

gafarTovda TviT qarTlis samefos teritoria, kerZod, vaxtang gorgasalma qveyanas daubruna uzarmazari teritoria `klarjeTi~, romelsac Semdgom mesxeTi
ewoda, es iyo TiTqmis mesamedi saxelmwifosi, agreTve saxelmwifos Semadgen-
nis eklesiaTa gaerTianebis Semdgom warmo qm ni l ce nt ra li ze bu l ek le si aT a

mmarTvelebs uwodes.
v. cipinis Tanaxmad, ègzarqosi~, viTarca ierarqi, pirvelad moixsenieba
qalkedonis krebis me-9 kanonSi. am kanonis
Zvelqa rTul Targm anSi mis n acvlad
lobaSi Sevida teritoria md. egriswylidan md. klisuramde, anu Savi zRvispireTis momcveli aseve uzarmazari
mxare. saqme is iyo, rom vaxtangis bavSvobisas berZnebma, mematianes sityviT,
qarTul samefos CamoaWres kuTvnili
teritoria saxelmwifo sazRvarze gamaval md. egriswylidan vidre cixegojamde. vaxtangma, rogorc cnobilia,
berZnebTan gamarjvebaTa Semdgom daibruna
gamoiyeneba termini `zedamxedveli~, 2 0

`zedamxedveli~ axloa Sinaarsobrivi gagebiT `kaTalikosTan~ (misi Tavdapirveli
mniSvnelobiT). axalqarTul TargmanSi mas
ewodeba ègzarqosi (patriarqi)~. 21
ZvelqarTuli terminologia administraciuli erTeulebisa da maTi meTaurebisa aseTia did mxares (diocezs an
prefeqturas) ewodeba - `gansagebeli~,
mis saeklesio meTaurs `zedamxedveli~.
20
didi sjuliskanoni, gv. 27 1;
21
saq . ekl. kalendari, 1987, gv. 219.
684
`samTavro~ zogjer avtokefalur saek-
isa, antioqiisa) sapatriarqoebad ga-
lesio erTeulsac ewodeba, magaliTad

kviprosis eklesia - `samTavroa~.22 rogorc
daiqcnen, xolo sxvebi, romelTa meTaurebi ègzarqosebad~ iwodebodnen pon-
aRniSnuli gvaqvs II tomSi. afxazeTis

sakaTalikosos misi warmoqmnis Semdeg
tosi, asiisa (aziisa) da Trakiisa gaerTiandnen da Seadgines axalwarmoqmnili

konstantinopolis sapatriarqo. 23
saqarTvelos eklesiam ègzarqosis~
tituli ar Semoinaxa albaT karTagenis
`samTavro~ ewoda (eklesiuri gagebiT),

Tamaris istorikosisaTvis qarTlisa da
afxazeTis sakaTalikosoebi oriveni
`samTavroebi~ arian. Tamarma saeklesio
krebis dros moiwvia òrive samTavrosa~ da `Svidi samefos~ xelisufalni
e.i. afxazeTisa da qarTlis sakaTalikosoebis sasuliero mTavroba da saxelmwifo administraciul-politikuri erTeulebis meTaurebi. es momenti imiTaa
aRsaniSnavi, rom didi sjuliskanonSi
`mTavari~ _ zogjer èparqozs~, prefeqtsa da magistrsac (imperiaSi marTlmsajulebis umaRles warmomadgenels) ewodeba. amitomac unda vifiqroT, rom radganac Cveni sakaTalikosoebi `samTavroebia~, misi xelisufalni ki mTavarni (ucxoeTSi ki amave terminiT egzarqosic
moixsenieba), SesaZloa termini `kaTalikosi~ Canacvlebaa terminisa ègzarqosi~. saeklesio egzarqosebs Semdgom
imperiaSi patriarqebi ewodaT. aRsaniSnavia, rom msoflio eklesiis istoriis
gariJraJze arsebul yofil provinciebs:
pal esti nas, mes opota mias , ki liki as,
isavrias, finikias - `samTavroebi~ ewodebaT qarTuli `did i sjuliskanonis~
mixedviT, 344 wlis antioqiis adgilobrivi krebis gadmocemisas. am `samTavroTa~ momcvel eklesiebs jer kidev gaaCndaT TavisTavadoba avtokefalobis
garkveuli niSnebi im droisaTvis.
mcire eklesiaTa gaerTianebis Semdeg zogierTi saegzarqoso (aleqsandri-
krebis 39-e (48-e) kanonis Sesabamisad,

sadac miR ebulia dadgenile ba `raTa
episkopossa pirve lisa saydrisa ara
ewodebodes uxucesi da zedamdgomeli
mRvdelTaA~. 24 rusul TargmanSi ùxucesisa da zedamdgomelis~ adgilzea ègzarqosi~. am kanoniT ègzarqosis~ wodeba
aikrZala. bizantiaSi, rogorc iTqva,
zogierTi saegzarqoso sapatriarqod
gadaiqca. dasavleTis eklesiaSi egzarqoss primasi uwodes, 23 saqarTveloSi
ki, rogorc Cans, egzarqoss kaTalikosi uwodes. sazogadod, istoriulad
egzarqosis titulma dakarga Tavisi
Tavdapirveli mniSvneloba.
balsamoni wers: ègzarqosis upiratesobas axla ara aqvs moqmedeba. magram
zogierTi mitropoliti wodebula egzarqosad, Tumca ara hyavT daqvemdeb ar e b ul i sx v a m i t ro p o li t e bi ~ . .. 2 5
qarTlisa da afxazeTis kaTalikosebs,
aseve ar gaaCndaT TavianTi daqvemdebarebis qveS samitropolitoebi (berZnuli saeklesio samarTlis normis Sesabamisi mniSvnelobiT), aramed mxolod
episkoposebi. berZnuli samitropolito
Sedgeboda mitropolitis iurisdiqciis
qveS myofi saepiskoposoebisagan. Tavis
mxriv, es samitropolitoebi iyvnen patriarqis an sxva pirvel mRvdelmTavris
qveS. bizantiaSi, ase vTqvaT, sam safe-
iqv e, gv. 250, 251; 23 . , , . 144;

, , . 212.
22
24
25
685
xurovani ierarqiuli kibe arsebobda
to olqi (sakaTalikoso) - afxazeTis
patriarqs mitropolitebi eqvemdebarebodnen, xolo mitropolits ki episko-
kaTalikosis meTaurobiT. amis gamo, VIII

s-dan qarTul eklesiaSi vidre TiTqmis
posebi. qarTlisa da afxazeTis eklesiebSi aseTi daqvemdebareba ar arsebobda, rogorc aRiniSna aq ierarqiuli
kibis mxolod ori safexuri iyo. kaTalikoss episkoposebi uSualod eqvem-
XIX s-mde arsebobda ori samitropolito olqi, anu ori sakaTalikoso qarTlisa da afxazeTisa. XI s-Si mcxeTis kaTalikoss mieniWa patriarqis tituli. erTiani saqarTvelos dauZlureb-
debarebodnen, Sua rgoli mitropoliti

Tavis qvemdebare episkoposebiT ar ar-
is Jams, XV s-dan patriarqis tituli

da Cans, mironis kurTxevis uflebac,
sebobda, saqme is iyo, rom sakaTalikosoebi TviTve iyvnen `berZnuli~ samit-
miiniWa afxazeTis kaTalikosma, amave

sa uku ne Si, Ca ns, C amo yal ibd a axa li
samitropolito olqi xunZeTis sakaTa-
ropolito olqebi.
rogorc iTqva, qarTuli eklesia IV-
likoso, Semadgeneli nawili saqarTve-
VII ss-Si arsebobda rogorc erTi samitropolito olqi, anu sakaTalikoso,

`qarTlis kaTalikosis~ meTaurobiT, es
emsgavseboda berZnuli samitropolito
olqis meTaurs qvemdebare episkoposebiT, Tumca qarTvel kaTalikoss ar hyavda
zemdgomi patriarqi da TviT kaTalikosi
warmoadgenda `mamamTavars~ Tavisi ek-
los sapa triar qosi, rogor c iTq va,

TiTqosda amas unda migviTiTebdes sinas mTis xelnawerSi `xunZeli kaTalikos oqropiris~ moxsenieba. mis xelqveiT
lesiisa, aseve uwodebs kidec mas `moqcevaA qarTlisaA~. qarTlis sakaTalikoso, rogorc iTqva, IV-VI ss-Si Tavis
iurisdiqc iaSi moicavda Ta namedrove
wrafe ba gadae qcia mes xeTis ek lesia

samitropolito olqad. zogjer adgilobrivi xelisuflebis daxmarebiT mawyvereli aRwevda Tavis mizans. mcxeTis
saqarTvelos TiTqmis mTel teritorias.

vi Tar eb a S eic va la VII s -is 20 -a ni
wlebidan, rac herakle keisarma dasavleT saqarTvelos SavizRvispira teritoria Seiyvana bizantiis imperiis uSualo SemadgenlobaSi, vidre e.w. skandaSorapanis xazamde. amis Semdeg, am teritoriaze qarTlis sakaTalikosos nacv-
kaTalikosis uflebamosileba mesxeTSi

mcirdeboda. XVII s-is Semdeg alaverdelma episkoposmac gamoamJRavna miswrafeba kaxeTis samefos episkoposebi
m oe q ci a T a vi s i iu r is d iq c ii s q v eS ,
lad konstantinopolis sapatriarqom ganaxorciela Tavisi iurisdiqcia. VIII ssaTvis am teritoriaze arsebuli eklesia gaTavisuflda konstantinopolis
da marTlmadidebluri samitropolito,
romelic emorCileboda mcxeTas, somxeTis mTavar qalaqebSi mravali qarTuli saepiskoposo arsebobda, magram isi-
iurisdiqciisagan da misi avtokefalia

cnes sxva bizantiurma eklesiebma, ase
Camoyalibda meore qarTuli samitropoli-
ni, Cans, uSualod eqvemdebarebodnen mcxeTis kaTalikoss. avtokefaliis aRdgenis Semdeg qarTuli eklesia kvlav iseve
SesaZloa moqceuli iyo Crdilo kavkasiaSi mdebare qarTuli saepiskoposoebi

(daRestanSi), XIV s-dan mesxeTSi mawyverelma episkoposma gamoamJRavna mis-
romelic waawyda mcxeTis did winaaRmdegobas da es mcdeloba CaaxSo anton

I-ma. n. maris azriT, somxeTSi arsebob-
686
Camoyalibda, rogori saxec hqonda mas
mazel mefeebs gaqristianebis Semdeg rez-
IV-V ss-Si, kerZod erTi mamamTavriT,

ro me ls ac u Sua lo d eq vem de ba re bi an
idencia bolnisSi gadautaniaT, rac bolnisis didebuli taZris agebiTac aRini-
saqarTvelos episkoposebi Sualeduri

samitropolito olqebis gareSe.
isicaa savaraudo, rom samitropolito olqi garkveuli wyvetilebiT V smdec da am saukuneSic arsebobda qvemo
Sna. Cans, vaxtang gorgasalis saeklesio reformamde (da albaT inerciiT mcire
xniT mis Semdegac) qvemo qarTlSi mcxeTis mefisagan damoukideblobis epoqaSi arsebobda saeklesio samitropoli-
qarTlSi e.w. `gugarqSi~. `SuSanikis wamebaSi~, rogorc Cans, bolnel episkopos
to olqis arsebobisaTvis saTanado politikuri pirobebi. qveynis gaerTianebis
samoels èpiskoposTa Tavi~ ewodeba. am

varaudis daSvebis uflebas iZleva is,
rom qarTli ZvelTaganve xSirad gay-
Semdeg, e.i. V s-Si, cxadia, qarTlis

sakaTalikosos daarsebis Semdeg, kaTalikosi gaxda `sayovelTao~ episkoposi
ofili iyo or samefod, rogorc cno-
`yovlisa qarTlisa~, e.i. qveynisa, rom-
bilia, mcxeTaSi mjdom mefes eqvemdebareboda mtkvris marcxena sanapiro

qveynebi, xolo armazSi mjdom mefes
mtkvris marjvena sanapiro qveynebi. ar-
lis iurisdiqcia wyaroTa dabejiTebuli cnobiT vrceldeboda Sav zRvamde

da mdinare egriswylamde, Semdeg ki
mdinare klisuramde.
687
patri arqi
msoflio sapatriarqoebi warmoiqmna
li naxevridan, romisa meore naxevri-
saeklesio centralizaciis Sedegad, patara provinciuli TavisTavadi eklesiebis gaerTianebiT romis imperiis administraciuli dayofis Sesabamisad. 26 cnobili kanonisti, sardeli mitropoliti
maqsime werda: `yvela egzarqosi ar
atarebda patriarqis tituls, aramed
mxolod isini, romelnic meTaurobdnen
umTavres diocezebs da amavdroulad warmoadgendnen umniSvnelovanesi qalaqebis
dan, qalkedonis krebis epoqaSi jer kidev

ar arsebobda `patriarqis~ pativi, yovel SemTxvevaSi igi ar moixseneba am
krebis kanonebSi. patriarqis tituli gavrcelda VI s-Si. 27
sainteresoa, rom imave azrisaa somxuri istoriografia I aTaswleulisa, magaliTad, uxtanesi da sxvebi. movses
k al a n ka t u ac i pa t ri a r qi s ti t u li s
Semo RebasTan dakavSi rebiT we rda:
episkoposebs. es qalaqebi iyvnen politikuri centrebi, anda gamoirCeodnen

istoriuli mogonebebiT, rogorc, magal-
`berZnebma Tqves, RmerTma daawesa cxra

xarisxi eklesiaSi, rogorc zeviT zecaSio, aseve unda iyos aqac, dedamiwaze
iTad, ierusalimis episkoposi~. 27

Zvelad patriarqebi, rogorc cnobilia, iyvnen xuTni: romis, konstantinopolis, aleqsandriis, antioqiisa da
ierusalimis, magram Tavdapirvelad am
eklesiebis episkoposebi iwodebodnen ara
patriarqebad, aramed arqiepiskoposebad:
da saydarSi. patriarqi, romelic igive

mamamTavaria, arqiepiskoposi, romelsac
episkoposTa Tavs uwodeben, mitropolitebi, episkoposebi, mRvdlebi, arqidiakvnebi, diakvnebi, wignis mkiTxvelebi,
mefsalmuneni... patriarqni mxolod oTxni
iyvnen qveyanaze: aleqsandriisa markozis
aleqsandrieli episkoposi IV s-is pirve-
saydari, antioqiisa maTesi, romisa
. , , . 212; 27 mitropoliti maqsime, Le patriarcat oecumenique dans le Eglise

ortodoxe, Paris, 1975, p. 76, citirebulia wignidan . , , . 144.
26
688
lukasi da efesosi ioanesi... iustini-
mosavleTis~ prefeqturaSi, efeso iyo
anem Tavis gamefebisTanave wmida ioane

maxareblis nawilebi konstantinopolSi gadaitana, da iq samamamTavro taxti daawesa. ZiriTadi taxti ki efesoSi darCa. agreTve maTes nawilebi an-
àziis~ diocezis dedaqalaqi aseve àRmosavleTis~ prefeqturaSi. amitomac

ijda movses kalankatuacis aRweriT patri arqi efe soSi. ama ve d ros, am
dedaqalaqebis saeklesio avtoriteti Se-
tioqiidan ierusalimSi iqna gadatanili. Tan ambobda - ès qalaqi didi

mefis qalaqiao~, ZiriTadi taxti isev
antioqiaSi datova. maSin aRiZrnen er-
qmnili iyo iq moRvawe da dakrZaluli

mociqulebis mier. kerZod, efesos saeklesio avtoriteti Seqmnili iyo mociqul
ioanes saflaviT, romelic am qalaqSi
Tianad gulzviadni da sadac ki aRsrulebulni iyvnen mociqulni, yvela taxti

sapatriarqod aRiares~. 28
rogorc aRniSnuli iyo, sapatriarqoebi warmoiqmna eklesiebis centralizaciis
Sedegad. saeklesio centralizaciis procesi iqiTken iyo mimarTuli, rom moeyvanaT saeklesio organizacia imperiis
axal administraciul dayofasTan SesabamisobaSi, romelic Camoyalibda IV
aswleulSi. maSasadame, normalur viTarebaSi provinciaTa eklesiebi unda
SeerTebuliyvnen diocezur eklesiebSi,
mdebareobda, VI s-Si, konstantinopolis episkoposis pativis gazrdis mizniT,

rogorc movses kalankatuaci aRniSnavs,
efesodan mociqulis nawilebi konstantinopolSi gadautaniaT da amis gamo
konstantinopolis episkoposisaTvis patriarqis pativi miuniWebiaT. aseve, antioqiidan ierusalimSi mociqul maTes
nawilebi gadausvenebiaT iqac amis gamo
sapatriarqo dauarsebiaT. somxuri istoriografiis Tanaxmad, asea Camoyalibebuli 5 sapatriarqo romis, aleqsandriis, antioqiis, konstantinopolisa da
Tavis mxriv ki diocezuri eklesiebi unda

gaerTianebuliyvnen prefeqturaTa eklesiebSi, maSasadame saboloo jamSi unda
Camoyalibebuliyo oTxi didi eklesia
romis imperiis prefeqturaTa ricxvis
Sesabamisad. es procesi aseTi saxiT ganviTardeboda, magram misi mimarTuleba
ierusalimisa, SemdegSi, rogorc iTqva,

yvela TavisTavadi eklesiis meTaurs,
sadac mociquli iyo dasvenebuli Tavisi Tavi patriarqad gamoucxadebia. es
azri eTanxmeba dReisaTvis miRebuls,
rom sapatriarqo pativi pirvelad gamoCnda VI s-Si.
Secvala imperiis dedaqalaqebis gavleniani saepiskoposoebis arsebobam. sabolood, aRmosavleTSi dedaqalaqebis

garSemo gaerTianda diocezebis eklesiebi.
movses kalankatuacis mier naxsenebi sapatriarqoebis centrebi imave dros iyvnen
diocezebis centrebi aleqsandria iyo
dedaqalaqi egviptisa àRmosavleTis~
prefeqturaSi, antioqia iyo àRmosavleTis~ diocezis dedaqalaqi imave àR-
kanonikur krebulSi pirvelad patriarqobis titulis Sesaxeb naTqvamia trulis krebis kanonebSi, mas Seexeba me-7
kanoni, amave droidan àrqiepiskoposis
tituliT ixseniebian avtokefaluri eklesiebis meTaurebi~. 29 konstantinopolis saeklesio aRmavloba daiwyo IV sdanve, radgan igi iyo `qalaqi mefisa da
senatisa~ da didxans gagrZelda, sami
avtokefaluri diocezis gaerTianebiTa
28
m. kalank atuaci, alvan Ta qveynis is toria, 1985, gv. 131;
29
. , , . 144.
689
da sapatriarqo saydris daarsebiT das-
v. cipinis azriT, IX s-Si Camoyali-
rulda. jer kidev II msoflio krebam

daadgina: `dae hqondes konstantinopolis episkoposs pativis upiratesoba
romis eklesiis darad, rameTu es qalaqi aris axali romi~ (me-3 kan.). IV msof-
bda Taviseburi swavleba pentarqiis

Sesaxeb, rom TiTqosda msoflio eklesiaSi unda iyos mxolod 5 patriarqi
(iseve, rogorc aris mxolod 5 grZnoba)
da mTeli msoflio unda iyos gayofili
lio krebam konstantinopolis episkoposis iurisdiqciaSi Seiyvana Trakiis

garda, agreTve asiisa da pontos diocezebi (kan. 28). imperiis laTinur naw-
maT Soris. `pentarqiis~ Teorias

antioqiis patriarqi petre, misi
am saganze Setanili iqna stefane
lis `sinopsisSi~. am dros unda
ilSi romis episkoposis xelisufleba

gav rcel da Ta vdap irve lad i tali aze
(ravenasa da milanis eklesiebis garda),
xolo Semdeg mTel dasavleTze. 30
aqedan Cans, rom qarTuli eklesiis
Camoyalibebis epoqaSi e.i. IV s-is 1020-ian wlebSi, arc erTi dedaqalaqis
iurisdiqcia ar vrceldeboda masStabur
teritoriaze, TviT romis Zalaufleba
mTel italiaze ar vrceldeboda, aseve
TandaTan gavrcelda yvela episkoposis
iurisdiqcia mezobel provinciebze, maS
rogorRa hyavda IV s-is dasawyisSi an-
alibebuliyo swavleba qarTuli eklesiis antioqiisadmi daqvemdebarebis Sesaxeb. IX s-Si msoflio eklesiaTa am `gayofis~ dros albaT qarTul eklesiaze
pretenzia antioqiam ganacxada. pentarqiis Teorias v. cipini `kuriozuls~
uwodebs da acxadebs, rom jer kidev
III msoflio krebam me-8 kanoniT àraviTari saeklesio safuZveli ar datova
swavlebisa 5 pirveli patriarqis upiratesobis Sesaxeb qristianul msoflioSi, piriqiT, daicva patara kviprosis
eklesiis avtokefalia antioqiisagan. 31
tioqiis episkoposs (da ara patriarqs)

Tavis iurisdiaqciaSi misgan aTasobiT
kilometriT daSorebuli saqarTvelo? miT
umetes, rom antioqiasa da saqarTvelos
Soris im droisaTvis pontos avtokefaluri eklesia imyofeboda? legenda
qarTuli eklesiis antioqiis iurisdiq-
miuxedavad amisa, pirveli aTaswleulis bolos mainc Camoyalibda pentarqiis Teoria da amave dros unda gaCeniliyo am Teoriidan gamomdinare, antioqiis pretenziebi qarTuli eklesiis mimarT, rac albaT gamoixata raRac `mamtkicebeli~ cnobebis SeTxzviT, romelnic
ciaSi Tavdapirveladve yofnis Sesaxeb

gamowveuli unda yofiliyo, rogorc
aRiniSna, diocezisa da prefeqturis àRmosavleTis~ Tavdapirveli mniSvnelobis daviwyebiT (es igivea, rom diocez
àzias~ miaweron TiTqosda igi eklesiurad mTel azias moicavda), xolo rac
See xeba kons tanti nopo ls, v axuS tis
TqmiT, qarTuli eklesia am qalaqis
daarsebamde Camoyalibda.
miamitma qarTvelebma, rogorc nikoloz

gulaberisZe uwodebs, gadmoTargmnes
qarTulad da aTaswleulis manZilze
WeSmaritebad miiCnies, unda aRiniSnos,
rom XIII s-is dasawyisSi saqarTvelos
patriarqi erTi mxriv aRiarebs 5 msoflio patriarqis arsebobas, magram, radganac saqarTvelos sapatriarqos arseboba ukve istoriuli faqti iyo, miiCnevs, rom igi aris me-6 msoflio patri-
30
. , , . 213;
31
iqve, gv. 214.
icavda
gansja
efeseCamoy-
690
arqi. ase Sedga qarTuli diptixi. sa-
Cvens eklesiaSi miRebuli azris Tanax-
zogadod ki, Tanamedrove msoflio saeklesio kanonistebis mier miCneulia, rom
mad, saqarTvelos eklesiis meTaurs patriarqad wodebis Rirseba miuRia VII
`pentarqiis~ Teoria moklebulia, rogorc

kanonikur, ise istoriul safuZvlebs,
magram man misca SemdgomSi berZen-filetistebs (-) safuZveli, rom saeklesio hegemonia ganexor-
s-Si 681 wels Catarebul msoflio krebaze, amis Sesaxeb Cven vrclad gvaqvs
gamokvleva `saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoriis~ II tomSi, 34 amitom aq
aRar SevCerdebiT. X s-is bolosa da XI
cielebinaT araberZnuli marTlmadidebel i ekle siebi s mima rT. t endenc ia,
s-is dasawyisSi qarTuli saxelmwifoebrivi erTeulebis gaerTianebis Sedegad
gamoxatuli am TeoriaSi dResac arsebobs. es garemoeba SeiZle ba gaxdes

mizezi urTierTobis garTulebisa patri-
warmoqmnil saqarTvelos saxelmwifoSi

Camoyalibda saqarTvelos sapatriarqo,
mis meTaurs, ueWvelad gaaCnda tituli
arqTa da adgilobriv eklesiaTa Soris,
`patriarqisa~, rogorc epigrafikuli, ise
romelTac avtokefalia miiRes meore

aTaswleulSi~. 3 2
rogorc aRiniSna, somxuri da zogierTi sxva eklesiis azriT, konstanti-
sxva uamravi cnobis Sesabamisad. Tu VII

s-is Semdeg dampyrobelTa agresiis Sedegad Cveni eklesiis meTauris maRali
tituli `patriarqisa~ miviwyebul iqna,
nopolisa da ierusalimis episkoposebma

ùkanonod~ miisakuTres `patriarqis~
pativi. maT es pativi miiRes mis Semdeg,
rac mociqulebis wmida nawilebi gadai-
XI s-dan es tituli damkvidrda dRemde, Tumca ki, es oficialurad mxolod

XX s-is 90-ian wlebSi aRiara konstantinopolis sapatriarqom. saqarTvelos
tanes konstantinopolsa (wm. ioane RvTismetyvelisa) da ierusalimSi (wm. maTe

maxareblisa). v. cipinis azriT, nikeis
krebam mianiWa palestinaSi pirvelobis
sapatriarqoSi Sedioda ori saeklesio

samTavro anu berZnuli samitropolito
olqis msgavsi erTeuli afxazeTis
sakaTalikoso da qarTlis sakaTaliko-
pativi elias ierusalimis episkoposs

`yvela eklesiaTa dedas~ (me-7 kan.), aman
sabolood igi miiyvana srul TavisTavadobamde da avtokefaliamde. 33 sityva patriarqi ara saeklesio pativis, aramed
so. am ukanasknelis meTauri iwodeboda

ùxuces~ kaTalikosad ùmrwmes~ afxazeTis kaTalikosTan SefasebiT, es imiT
unda yofiliyo gamowveuli, rom saqarTvelos patriarqad rogorc wesi, yovelTvis
fiqsirebuli mniSvnelobis gareSe gamoiyeneboda IV s-is dasasrulidan. somxur wyaroTa Tanaxmad, patriarqis pa-
irCevdnen qarTlis kaTalikoss. maSasadame, qarTlis kaTalikosi warmoadgenda

saqarTvelos patriarqs da igi iwodebo-
tiviT ukve VI s-dan moixsenieboda somxeTisa da albaneTis kaTalikosebi. qarTul

wyaroTa Tanaxmad, VI msoflio krebis
gadawyvetilebiT qarTlis kaTalikoss
da ase: `yovlisa saqarTvelosa patriarqi, kaTalikosi qarTlisa~. 35

erTiani saqarTvelos saxelmwifos
kuTxur erTeulebad daSlam xeli Seu-
mieniWa patriarqad wodebis pativi.
wyo imas, rom XV s-is Semdeg `patri-
. , , . 214; 33 iqve , gv. 213;

ekle siis istoria, II, gv. 227; 35 iqv e, gv. 212-220.
32
34
a. jafariZ e, saqarTvelos samociqulo
691
arqis~ tituli miisakuTra afxazeTis
likoso eklesiis meTauris sasargeblod,
kaTalikosmac. rogorc Cven garkveuli
es gamowveuli iyo imereTis umaRles

xelisufalTa surviliT, gaeerTianebi-
gvaqvs, imJamad, afxazeTis kaTalikoss,

gasCenia survili sruliad saqarTvelos
patriarqad warmoesaxa Tavisi Tavi, mag:
afxazeTis XVIII s-is kaTalikosi grigoli, Tavis Tavs sruliad saqarTvelos
patriarqad acxadebda. msgavsi politikuri survili regionul mefeebsac
gaaCndaT, im epoqaSi, marTlac, imereTi-
naT saqarTvelo ara mxolod politikurad, aramed eklesiuradac XVIII sis bolos. rogorc kaTalikosobis, aseve
patriarqobis maRali xarisxi aRadgina
avtokefaliis aRdgenis Semdgom I-ma saeklesio krebam, 1917 wlis seqtembris TveSi. saqarTvelos patriarqi yovelTvis
los mefeebad warmosaxavdnen TavianT
Tavis Tavs VI adgilze ayenebda 5 msoflio `patriarqis~ Semdeg. msoflio marTlmadideblobidan romis gasvlisa da
Tavs (ix. iqve, t. III). imereTis anu
ruseTis eklesiis meTaurisaTvis patri-
afxazeTis bolo saeklesio meTaurma
ada ara mxolod patriarqis, aramed kaTa-
arqis titulis miniWebis Semdeg saqarTvelos eklesiis meTauri Tavis Tavs kvlav
VI adgilze ayenebs msoflio marTlmadideblur diptixSi ruseTis patriar-
likosis titulebzec qarTlis sakaTa-
qis Semdeg.
sa da kaxeTis mefeebic sruliad saqarTve-
sakaTalikozo taxtis mpyrobelma dosiTeos quTaTelma Segnebulad uari ganacx-
692
qorepis kopo si
pirveli qristianuli Temebi qalaqebSi
ankiriis krebam Tavis me-13 kanoniT
daarsda. qalaqebis gareT Tavdapirvelad Zalze mcire raodenobis qristianebi
qorepiskoposs aukrZala mRvdlis an diakvnis xeldasxma episkoposis nebarTvis
cxovrobdnen, isinic qalaqebis kedlebTan

axlos. TandaTanobiT aseT soflur adg-
gareSe. neokesariis krebis me-14 kanoniT qorepiskoposs episkoposis Tanam-
ilebSi qristianebis ricxvma moimata,

magram maT uWirdaT qalaqis eklesiaSi
sakvirao RvTismsaxurebaSi monawileo-
Rvdeli, 70 mociqulTa adgilze myofi

ewodebaT. rogorc Cans, ukve IV s-is
Sua wlebSi qorepiskoposebi aWarbebd-
ba. am moSorebuli adgilebis saWiroeb-
nen TavianT uflebebs da safrTxes uqm-
isaTvis iniSnebodnen qorespiskoposebi,
nidnen episkoposis avtoritets, amito-
sityvasityviT niSnavs qveynis (berZnulad `qora~) episkoposs - meTvalyures,

zedamxedvels qveynisa. saqarTveloSi
mac an tioqiis kre bis me-10 k anoniT

qorepiskoposs kidev erTxel aekrZala
mRvdlebisa da diakvnebis xeldasxma qala-
Tavdapirvelad, Cans, igi xelmZRvanelobda

aracentraluri, ganapira mxareebis (qveynebis) eklesiebs, moipova mniSvnelovani
wona sasuliero ierarqiaSi, radganac
qis episkoposis gareSe, `romelsac emorCileba isic da misi soflebis adgilebic~. 36 Tavis mxriv qorepiskoposi
ùnda daadginos qalaqis episkoposma,
saqarTveloSi qalaqebis ricxvi Zalze

mcire iyo, mosaxleobis umravlesoba soflebSi cxovrobda.
qorepiskoposis instituti qarTul
eklesiaSi mniSvnelovnad gansxvavdebo-
romelsac emorCilebian misi soflebi~. 36

sabolood, IV s-is meore naxevarSi
qorepiskoposTa instituti gaqra msoflio saeklesio cxovrebidan. laodikiis
krebis 57-e kanonma akrZala sofel-da-
da bizantiurisagan. saqme isaa, rom msoflio eklesiaSi qorepiskoposis instituti moispo IV s-is bolos, xolo
qarTul eklesiaSi igi arsebobda Zalian
didxans. magaliTad, svaneTSi XIV s-
bebis episkoposis dasma. qorepiskoposi

Seicvala - `mimomxilveli mRvdliT~, anu
`periodevtiT~. `patara qalaqebsa da soflebSi ar unda daisvas episkoposi, aramed
`periodevtebi~.
Sic ki iniSneboda caiSeli episkoposis

ori qorepiskoposi, maT iq mniSvnelovani socialuri sayrdeni gaaCndaT.
msof lio ek lesiaS i Tand aTan
axal droSi msoflio eklesiaSi dawesda `vikarul episkoposTa~ instituti,

maTac qarTulad `qorepiskoposi~ daerqvaT, magram igi mxolod nawilobrivi game-
qorepiskoposTa institutma daiwyo Tavi-
orebaa Zveli qorepiskoposobisa.
si mniSvnelobis dakargva, sanam sabolood

qorepiskoposebi ar Seicvalnen `periodevtebiT~, `mimomxilvelebiT~, `mimomvlelniT~ ukve IV s-Sive.
qorepiskoposTa Zvel institutTan

dakavSirebiT, unda SevniSnoT, rom miuxedavad IV s-dan msoflio eklesiaSi
saeklesio kanonebiT qorepiskosobis
36
didi sjul iskano ni, saqarTvel os kal endari, 1987 , gv. 200.
693
sistemis akrZalvisa, qarTul eklesiaSi
Tbilissa da qvemo qarTls ukve arabebi
igi darCa Tavisi Zveli siZlieriT, ufro

metic, qorepiskoposTa instituti
saqarTveloSi aqtiurad moqmedebda VIXI ss-Si da didxans mis Semdegac. amasTan
dakavSirebiT, albaT, unda gamoiTqvas
da maTi satelitebi marTavdnen. sxvadasxva qarTul politikur erTeulebs

faqtobrivad aerTianebda qarTuli eklesia. am saxelmwifoebrivi erTeulebis
warmoqmnamde da gaZlierebamde, saero
mosazreba, rom saqarTvelos eklesia IV

s-Si rom daarsebuliyo, msoflio eklesiis imJamindeli kanonebis Sesabamisad CvenSi Tavidanve am instituts um-
xelisuflebis moklebis dros unda moepovebina qarTul eklesias is gansakuTrebuli upiratesobani sazogadoebriv da
saxelmwifo cxovreba-weswyobilebaSi,
niSvnelo adgili mieniWeboda, anda SeiZ l e bo d a a r c d a a r s e bu l i y o , is e v e

rogorc qorepiskoposoba, Tavdapirveli
mniSvnelobiT, ar dawesda rusul eklesiaSi, magram faqti am institutis realuri arsebobisa aRniSnuli saukuneebis saqarTveloSi miuxedavad laodikiis
krebis akrZalvisa, gvafiqrebinebs, rom
IV s-is akrZalvebma misi Zliereba ver
Searyia da ver Seasusta. amitomac SeiZleba vifiqroT, rom qarTuli eklesia
organizaciulad ukve daarsebuli iyo
IV s-mde Tavis institutebiT.
romelzec wers iv. javaxiSvili. 37 kerZod, qarTulma eklesiam moipova saxelmwifoebrivi sxeulisa da erTeulis
Tvisebebi. misi moxeleebi ganagebdnen ara
mxolod sasuliero, aramed saero saqmeebsac, erTi aseTi iyo qorepiskoposi.
saqarTvelos zogierT kuTxeSi qorepiskoposebma safuZveli daudes adgilobrivi
saxelmwifoebriobis warmoqmnasac ki (mag.
kaxeTSi). qarTuli eklesiis didi gavlenis Sesaxeb saxelmwifo saqmeebSi miuTiTebs saeklesio da samonastro gawvrTnili laSqris arseboba. rogorc zemoT
qorepiskoposTa institutis mniSvneloba saqarTveloSi kidev ufro amaRlda VI-IX ss-Si. mizezi amisa unda
yofiliyo vaxtang gorgasalis Semdeg
qarTlis samefos saxelmwifoebrivi wyobis moSla, mefobis gauqmeba, VI-VIII ssSi saero xelisuflebis ukiduresi da-
aRiniSna, zogierT regionSi centralizeburi qarTuli eklesiis xelSi iyo

sax elmwi foeb rivi marTv is s adave ebi
qorepiskoposTa institutis meSveobiT,
ro me ln ic i ma vdr ou la d sa mx ed ro
laSqris sardlebic iyvnen.
rogorc aRiniSna, qorepiskoposs ek-
susteba qarTvelebiT dasaxlebul teritoriaze. am dros, rogorc garkveulia,

qarTulma eklesiam Tavis xelSi aiRo
qristiani mosaxleobis xelmZRvaneloba
da mfarveloba. qarTuli saepiskoposoebi gadaiqcnen samarTlisa da kanonierebis centrebad. saero xelisuflebis
aRorZineba TandaTanobiT daiwyo zogierT qarTul provinciaSi, tao-klarjeTSi,
afxazeTSi, kaxeTsa da hereTSi, xolo
lesia niSnavda SedarebiT miudgomeli

adgilebis zedamxedvelad didi uflebebiT. erTi aseTi mxare iyo kaxeTis mTiuleTi, romlis mosaxle mkvidr
qarTvelebs adgilobiTi saxeli wanarebi erqvaT. `wanarTa qorepiskoposebma,
Cans, TandaTan feodalizaciis procesis
Sesabamisad miitaca saero xelisufleba. saero da sasuliero xelisuflebis
erTi piris xelSi gaerTianebis aseTi
37
qar Tuli s amarTl is ist oria, I, gv. 58.
694
tradicia ucxo ar aris saqarTvelos
lesiaTa ganmgebel~-ad iTvleboda, gan-
mTianeTis mosaxleobisaTvis. es tendencia xevis mosaxleobasac axasiaTebs. wa-
sakuTrebiT soflis eklesiaTa. mas, maSasadame, soflebis mRvdel-diakonni eqvem-
narTa Tavdapirveli sacxovrisi am raionSia sagulvebeli, wanarTa politikur

e q s pa n s i a s m o h y va S e d e ga d w a na r T a
qor epis kopo sis k axeT is m marT vel
qorepiskoposad transformacia. Tavda-
debarebodnen. amasTanave valad edva,

rasakvirvelia, `dacva yovelTave saqrist ia no Ta we sT a ~ da m e Tv al y ur eo ba .
èpiskoposi unda iqmnes mama obolTa da
moRuawe qurivTa~-o naTqvamia arqihier-
pirvelad kaxeTis qorepiskoposis xelisufleba arCeviTi iyo _ `mas Jamsa
atikonSi. 3 9
raki mas aseTi didi ufleba hqonda,
Se iTqv nes gar dabn elni da gan aCin es

qorepiskoposad daCi Ze iovanesi, qvabulis Zisa~ - wers mematiane. es arCeviTi
amitom saqorepiskoposo xelTdasxmadi

`sjulisa da saRmrToTa wignTa mecnieri~
unda yofiliyo. 39
wesi IX s-Si qorepiskoposTa dadginebis
qorepiskoposTa tituls atarebdnen
memkvidreobiTi
wyaros cnobas,
Tobis Sesaxeb
torikosi Toma
wesiT icvleba. qarTuli

qorepiskoposebis arCevimxars uWers somexi isarwruni, romlis Tanax-
kaxeTis mTavrebi daCi, samoel donauri, fadla I, kvirike I, kvirike II, fadla II, daviTi. 40
ruis-urbnisis krebis mier naxsenebi
mad, wanarebi Tavis gamgebels sakuTari

surviliT ayeneben. `winaparTa qorepiskoposma~ kaxeTis mmarTvel qorepiskoposad
transformaciis gzaze mniSvnelovani
`qorepiskoposi~ ukve wmida sasuliero

xarisxia da mas Zveli Zala aRar gaaCnia. saxelmwifoebrivi Zalauflebis moklebisa da qveyanaSi qaosuri mdgomare-
Sinaarsobrivi cvlileba ganicada da IX

s-Si is kaxeTis adrefeodaluri saxelmwifos uzenaesi saero xelisufalia.
kaxeTis mTavrad gadaqcevis gzaze is
obis dros qarTuli eklesia Tavis xelSi rom iRebda saqveyno marTva-gamgeobis Zalauflebas, Cans, samcxeSi mawyvereli episkoposis magaliTiT, romel-
kargavs Tavis sulier funqcias da saero

Sinaarss iRebs. aseT saero xelisuflad
gamodis saerTaSoriso sarbielze, sadac bizantiis oficialuri xelisufleba mas wanarTa arxonts uwodebs~. 38
mac serapion zarzmelis dros Tavis

xelSi aiRo qveynis dawynarebisa da
gamgeobis ufleba.
nikodime episkoposs ufro gasagebad
miaCnda ankiriis krebis me-13 kanoni aTe-
msgavsebisaTvis SeiZleba aRvniSnoT,

dasavleT evropaSic TiTqmis imave dros
provinciaTa xelisuflebad gadaiqcnen
nis sintagmaSi da iZleva mis Targmans:

qorepiskoposebs ara aqvT sxva samTavroSi
gadasvlisa da iq xucesebisa da di-
romis papis `saxlTuxucesebi~. aqac,

saero xelisufleba ukiduresad iyo
dasustebuli.
`pativi umetes i mRvdlobisa~
akvnebis xeldasxmis ufleba, da kidev

naklebad SeuZliaT qalaqis xucesTa
xeldasxma episkoposis werilobiTi nebarTvis gareSe. qorepiskoposebi pirvelad
qorepiskoposoba iyo. igi `wmidaTa ek-
ixsenebian III s-is bolos. maTi mdgo-
saq arTvel os isto riis n arkveve bi, t. II, Tb ., 197 3, gv. 389-39 1;
gv. 16; 40 T. papuaSvili, kaxTa da ran Ta samefo, 1982.
38
39
iv. javax iSvili, t. VII, 19 84,
695
mareoba exmianeba Tanamedrove vikaris
kurTxeva da damtkiceba saZirkvlisa~. 44
mdgomareobas rusul eklesiaSi. isini

iswrafodnen Tavisi uflebebis gafar-
qorepiskoposs evaleba `romeli sjuliers
Toebisaken, rac garTulebas iwvevda saeklesio cxovrebaSi. antioqiiis krebam (341
Ta da daxedviT iqadagos da iTargmanos
w.) gamosca gansakuTrebuli (me-10) kanoni, romelmac daadastura maTi damokidebuleba eparqiul episkoposebze.
la odik iis kr ebam ga mos ca ( 57- e)
mimcemni mdabal-mdablis rigisa ufros-
kanoni, romelmac gaauqma qorepisko-
marTlis wignisa~ 45 (esaa me-19 kanoni
posTa instituti, magram isini ganagrZobdnen arsebobas sxva eklesiebSi da

arc Tu iSviaTad borotad iyenebdnen
neokesariis saeklesio krebisa). mTavar-
Tavis mdgomareobas, rogorc es Cans

basili didis epistolidan qorepiskoposTa Sesaxeb. V s-Si qorepiskoposebi
Zalze Semcirdnen da mogvianebiT isini
ukve aRar arsebobdnen. 41
saqorepiskoposo instituti vrclad
ganixila qveli CxataraiSvilma, igi wers:
`qarTuli saeklesio samarTliT (1105
w. `Zegliswera~) `xorebiskoposTa~ Sesaxeb Semdegia dadgenili:
`xorebiskoposebs ganaweseben (`gamo-
saqmeze glaxad xdebodes, qveynis naxvi(e.i. ganmartos, q.C). qorepiskopozni arian

Ta mTavarepiskopozTa morCilebiTa... da
Tu qnas mRdlis rigi (e.i. rac mRvdels
evaleba, q.C), mteria kanonisa da sa-
e pi s k op o si s
ga r da ar a v is
Se u Z li a
`qorepiskopozTa Seqmna~. qorepiskoposni `mosaqmeni arian~, episkoposi ki `mnaxvelad iTargmneba~. 45

`mcnebaA sasjuloA~ (XV s-is 70iani wlebi, dasavleTi saqarTvelo) adgens: `vinca sjulis Semcode patronma
ar misces ebiskopossa da qorepiskopozsa sasjulod ar mianebos da sasulod mosakiTxavad sofeli ar mianebos
da Zali ar misc es.. . Se undo beli ca
aris~. 46 aRsaniSnavia, rom dednis te-
arCeven~) kaTalikosi da saRmrToTa wign-
qstSi sweria `quHreebiskopozsa~: asea
Ta mecnieri mRvdeli anu diakoni~. mas

evaleboda `yovelTa saqristianoTa wesTa~ ùbiwod dacva~. 42
1263 w. saeklesio krebis dadgenile-
gagebuli vikari, moadgile (`xoras~
baSi qorepiskoposi episkoposTa, monazonTa, xucesTa (dekanozTa? q.C.) da
magrad daiWiron~. 4 7
mRvdelTa Semdegaa moxseniebuli. 43

somxuri (mxiTar goSis) XII s-is sa-
Zeglis `samarTali kaTalikozTa~-s mixed-
marTliT qorepiskoposi episkoposis xelqveiTia. qorepiskoposs ufleba ara aqvs
bulia `soflis soflamdis an eklesiis
mTavarepiskoposis brZanebis gareSe eklesiis saZirkvlis Cayra akurTxos, xolo
lis kacebi~ (e.i. mrevli) Sehyaros, uq-
`Tu qnan, daqceva unda da xelaxla
marxvis Wama `marTlis saqmiT gamoikiTxos
mniSvneloba daviwyebulia). amave ZegliT episkoposebsa da qorepiskoposebs

evalebaT, rom `samwyso... swavliT da
XVI s-is 40-ian wlebis qarTuli
viT èbiskopozis qorebiskopozi~ valdeeklesiamdis mivides~ da eklesiis `Sesavmoba, naTesaoba, avgzisoba, svinaoba,
saR vTisme tyvelo krebuli~, 1987, # 1; 42 qar Tuli s amarTl is Zeg lebi, i. doliZis re d. t. III,
1970 , gv. 118; 43 iqve , gv. 163; 44 qar Tuli s amarTl is Zegl ebi, t . III, 1963, gv. 326; 45 iqv e, gv. 333;
46
iqve , gv. 226; 47 iqv e, gv. 228.
41
696
da ganmarTos~ (e.i. gaasworos). 48 ekle-
neebSi cagereli da caiSeli episkopose-
sia SeaCvenebs yvelas, didebulia igi,
bis samwyso iyo (amaze qvemoT), cxadia,

ro m sv aneT Si m yof i ep isko pose bi
Tavadi, aznauri Tu glexi, romelic win

aRudgeba qorepiskoposs da mas `sarjulos ar moakiTxvinebs~; 48 amasTanave, aseT
urC pirebs saxelmwifos meTauri (mefe,
mTavari) sastikad sjis. 48 episkoposi unda
`missa samwysosa Sina qorepiskopozsa
ganuwyuetlad aroninebdes~. 49
gviani Sua sauku neebis dasavleT
saqarTvelos dokumentebis monacemebiT,
qorepiskoposad xSirad saero pirebi feodalebi da glexebi (msaxurebi?) arian
da amaT (Tu saerTod yvela qorepiskoposs?) eparqiis teritoriaze sameurneoadministraciuli funqciebic aqvT, magaliTad, saeklesio gadasaxadebis akrefa da eklesiis samsaxuri marTebT.
yov eliv e ze moaR niSn uli naTl ad
gviCvenebs, Tu ras warmoadgenda Sua
saukuneebis saqarTveloSi qorepiskoposi. yuradRebas iqcevs qorepiskoposis
kavSiri omoforTan
( ` o m of o r o b a ~ )
saepiskoposo Sesa moselis nawilTan.

rogorc Cans, qorepiskoposs episkoposis omoforiT Semosva evaleboda.
mRvdelmTavrebi ki ar iyvnen, aramed barel

qorepiskoposTa msgavsad episkoposTa
moadgileebi, adgilebze sasjulo sakiTxTa momkiTxavni.
didi xania cnobilia, rom svaneTi
XIII s-dan mainc ori episkoposis caiSelisa da cagerelis samwyso iyo.
amis mowmobaa rogorc adgilobrivi (svaneTis) istoriuli dokumentebi, 51 ise
ucxouri wyaroebi. 52 ase iyo gviandel
xanebSiac. caiSeli da cagereli TavianT samwyso svaneTis TemebSi sxvadasxva mizezTa gamo (mimosvlis siZnele, SinaaSli lobani...) i SviaTad dad iodnen
(masalebi XVII s-is saqarTvelos istoriisaTvis), 53 miT ufro iseT Znelad
misasvlel mxareSi, rogoric iyo enguris xeobis zedaweli, sadac pavle
alepoelis sityviT `TviTmmarTveli~
(()) svanebi cxovrobdnen
(masalebi XVII s-is..., gv. 75. cnoba asaxavs XVII s-is 60-iani wlebis mdgomareobas). aseT viTarebaSi, roca iqaur mrev-
quHrepiskopozebi an qverepiskoposebi, e.i.
ls ZiriTadad adgilobrivi qorepiskoposebi ganagebdnen (`zemo xevs~ - cagerelis qorepiskoposi), 54 cxadia, maTi roli
da mniSvneloba gazrdili iyo. svaneTis
saistorio werilobiT ZeglebSi swored
qorepiskoposebi. 50 raki svaneTi Sua sauku-
es qorepiskoposebi ixseniebian~. 55
aseve unda yofiliyo svaneTSic. svaneTis werilobiT ZeglebSi (`matianeebi~, grafitebi...) xSirad ixseniebian
qar Tuli s amarTl is Zeg lebi, t. I, gv. 39 5; 49 iqve , gv. 39 4; 50 p. ingoroyva, svaneTis Z eglebi, gv.
121, 214, 155 da sxv.; svaneTis werilobiTi Zeglebi, t. II, gamo sca v. silogavam, g v. 275 da 551; g.
gasv iani, dasavl eT saq arTvel os..., gv. 63; 51 svaneTis werilobiTi Zegl ebi, I, gv. 10 4; 52 . ,
XVII , . , 1905, . 42; g. gasviani, dasavleT
saqarTvelos mTiane Tis ist oriidan, gv. 65 da 7 3; 53 saq arTvel os aRweriloba Sedge nili p avle
ale poelis mie r, gamosca n. as aTian ma, 1973, g v. 77 ; p. Juze, dasax. naSr., g v. 42; 54 sv aneT is
werilobiTi Zegleb i, I, gv. 111; 55 CxataraiSvili, q arTuli eklesiis ist oriidan, qore piskop osi,
saqarTvelo s feodaluri x anis istoriis sakiT xebi, VII, 19 99, gv . 107-121.
48
697
mwignobarTuxucesi
qarTul eklesiasa da saxelmwifo
mmarTvelobis sistemaSi gansakuTrebuli adgili eWira mwignobarTuxucess. iv.
javaxiSvilis sityviT saqarTvelos kaTalikosis kari iseve iyo mowyobili,
rogorc xelmwifis kari. CvenTvis cnobili aris xelmwifis karis moxeleTa
rigi, magram ar vicnobT sakaTalikoso
kars, am mxriv albaT niSneulia bizantiaSi konstantinopolis patriarqis
samoxeleo wyobis saxe. iq didi adgili
eWira xa rtofilaqss, rac SesaZloa
udrides qarTul mwignobarTuxucess
Tavisi uflebiT.
`Zalze rTuli iyo konstantinopolis eklesiis saeklesio moxeleTa ierarqia. es samoxeleo Tanamdebobebi iyofoda 9 rangad (9 dasad, dasi 5 wevrisagan Sedgeboda). pirvel dasSi Sedioda
didi xartofilaqsi, didi ekonomosi,
didi sakelari, didi skevofilaqsi da
sakeli. Semdeg am xuTeuls miumates meeqvse Tanamdeboba protekdili. aRniSnuli pativis mqone pirebi iwodebodnen
agreTve saeklesio arxontebad (Tavadebad) da Seadgendnen sagangebo fenas,
romael kardinalTa fenis msgavsad. 56
56
. , , . 148.
am momentTan dakavSirebiT aRsaniSnavia, rom saeklesio maRal moxeleTa

arseboba qarTuli eklesiisaTvisac iyo
damaxasiaTebeli, ara mxolod umaRlesi
ier arqiul i kar isaTvi s, mo nastre bisaTvisac ki, magaliTad, ivane javaxiSvils garkveuli aqvs, rom qarTuli monastrebi imarTeboda ber-monazvnebis maRali fenis - `TavadTa ZmaTa~ mier da
mas pirveli dasi ewodeboda, arsebobda
sxva sammarTvelo `dasebic~.
ra funqcia ekisreboda xartofilaqss
konstantinopolis patriarqis karze? igi
x Si ra d di a kv ni s, an da p re s vi te ri s
xarisxiT xelmZRvanelobda sapatriarqo
arqivs, icavda sigelebsa da aqtebs,
scemda sigelebs eklesia-monastrebis
asaSeneblad, xelmZRvanelobda saeklesio Tanamdebobebze presviterebisa da
diakvnebis arCeva-daniSvnas. meTvalyureobda eparqiaSi sarwmunoebisa da patiosnebis mdgomareobas. wyvetda saeklesio
disciplinis sadavo sakiTxebs, xartofilaqsi wyvetda sasamarTlo saqmes ara
mxolod samRvdeloebisas, aramed saero
pirebisac sasuliero sferoSi.
698
erTi SexedviT, TiTqosda xartofilaq-
gebidanac~ Cans, rom saxelmwifo dar-
sis uflebebi hgavs mwignobarTuxucesisas, miT umets, rom es ukanaskneli sasamarTlo warmoebis saqmes xelmZRvanelobda
xartofilaqsis msgavsad da mis mwignobrebs sigelebis dacva evalebodaT.
bazis sxdomebs eswrebodnen òTxi beri~

da aseve, vezirebi (maTi ùxucesi~ iyo
am oTxi beridan erT-erTi - mwignobarTuxucesi), sasuliero wodebis sxva warmomadgenlebi.
xom ar iyo mowyobili qarTuli samefo

kari bizantiuris msgavsad? rogorc Cans,
mwignobarTuxucesi hyavda ara mxolod
saqarTvelos mefes, aramed kaTalikos-
amJamad miRebuli TvalsazrisiT gavleniani saeklesio pirebi saxelmwifo

mmarTvelobaSi daviT aRmaSeneblis dros
Seiyvanes imisaTvis, raTa èklesia sab-
patriarqsac, iseve, rogorc konstantinopolis patriarqs.

Tuki konstantinopolur sapatriarqo
karze xartofilaqsi presviteris (an diakvnis) xarisxisa iyo, saqarTvelos mefes
mwignobarTuxucesad episkoposi aurCevia, Tanac avtoritetuli kaTedrisa,
saqarTvelos saxelmwifos oqros xanaSi
xelmwifis karze mwignobarTuxucesis
saxelo Wyondidel episkoposs ebara. mwignobarTuxuces-Wyondideli pirveli
piri iyo saxelmwifoSi mefis Semdeg.
igi `mamad mefisa~ iTvleboda da ebara
olood damorCileboda mefis xelisuflebas. 57 sxva azrisa iyo niko mari,

romlis mosazreba damajerebelia, mas
miaCnda, rom `Zvel saqarTveloSi saero
da sasuliero Zalauflebis erToba warmoadgenda udavo faqts~, 58 maSasadame
moxda ara eklesiis `saboloo damorCileba~ saxelmwifos mier ruis-urbnisis krebis meSveobiT, aramed piriqiT
eklesia da saxelmwifo SeTanxmda ZalauflebaTa gaerTianebis Sesaxeb. ufro
sworad, maT kvlav ganagrZes qveynis
marTvis Zveli tradicia erToblivi
mTlianad samefosa da samefo saxlis

gamgeoba. igi iyo vazirTa upirvelesi.
Sedioda darbazis karze òTxi berisagan~ anu `did monazonTagan~ Semdgar
saxelmwifo sabWoSi, romelic faqtobrivad marTavda saxelmwifos mefesTan
erTad. am òTxi beris~ Semadgenloba
ZalauflebiT mmarTvelobisa. mwignobarTuxuces-Wyondidelis Tanamdeboba n. mars

miaCnda `saqarTveloSi odesRac arsebuli sasuliero da saero Zalauflebis
erT xelSi Tavmoyris tradicis gviandel gadmonaSTad~. 59 am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT mas dauweria specialuri gamokv-
aseTia: 1. patriarqi; 2. afxazeTis kaTalikosi; 3. moZRvarTmoZRvari da 4. mwignobarTuxucesi.

bagrat IV-is opizisadmi 1060-1065
ww. boZebul sigelidan Cans, rom saxelmwifo darbazis karze darbazobisas
umaRlesi samRvdeloebis (episkoposTa)
daswreba saqveynod gamrige xelisufalTa warmomadgenlebTan erTad normas
warmoadgenda. `xelmwifis karis gari-
leva `xelmwifis karis garigebis Sesaxeb~, romelic ar aris gamoqveynebuli. 59

saqarTvelos saxelmwifo imarTeboda ara TviTmpyrobeli mefis, aramed
mefisa da saxelmw ifo sabWos mier,
romelsac `darbazi~ ewodeboda, rogorc
es iv. javaxiSvils aqvs garkveuli. eklesiis adgili saxelmwifos marTvis
saqmeSi sworad saxelmwifo sabWoSi Canda. am sabWoSi, romelsac Zvelad `dar-
57
qse , t. VII, 1984, gv. 266;
58
g. nadareiSvili, dasax. naSr., gv. 9 2;
59
iqv e, gv. 92.
699
bazi~ erqva, upiratesi da umTavresi
lesioni dasni arian yvela Wyondide-
wevreb i iyvnen q arTuli ekl esiis

pirvelxarisxovani oTxi ierarqi - òTxi
lis da sawolis mwignobaris saxeloisia~. 61 gelaTi `moZRvarTmoZRvars~ ekuT-
beri ~. es oTxi be ri qmn ida sa bWos

umTavres da centralur birTvs. maT
ganawilebuli hqondaT ara mxolod saxelmwifos, aramed eklesiis marTvis funqciebic darbazis meSveobiT. maTgan
vnoda, sxva sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio dasi, Cans, xelmwifis karidan imarTeboda Wyondidelisa da sawolis mwignobaris mier, romelTac evalaT miTiTebebisa da aqtebis gagzavna adresatamde.
erT-erTs mwignobarTuxucess uSualod

evaleboda xelmZRvaneloba gaewia sax-
maSasadame, saqarTveloSi `saero da

sasuliero Zalauflebis erTobis~ gamo
elmwifo aRmsrulebeli da sasamarTlo

sferosaTvis, moekiTxeboda finansuri da
samxedro sferoebic. es ar niSnavs, rom
`darbazis karidan~ wessa da rigs iRebda yvela uwyeba rogorc saero, ise
saeklesio. darbazis karis saqmianobas
sxva darCenil sam bers e.i. saqarTve-
umaRlesi ierarqia warmarTavda.
los patriarqs (igive iyo imavdroulad

qarTlis kaTalikosi), afxazeTis kaTalikossa da moZRvarTmoZRvars mwignobarTuxucesze naklebi pativi gaaCnda. maT
saero da sasuliero Zalauflebis

erTobiT qveynis marTva idealur saxed
rom miiCneoda mmarTvelobisa iqidanac
Cans, rom imereTis samefos, TviT uka-
aranakleb mniSvnelovani sferoebi ebaraT

saqveyno-saeklesio marTva-gamgeobisa, magram mwignobarTuxucesi ufro metad
Canda, radganac igi uSualod warmoad-
nasknel drosac ki, ruseTis imperiis

mier am samefos gauqmebisas, mefesTan
erTad marTavda imereTis `saxelmwifo
sabWo~. am saxelmwifo sabWoSi Seyvani-
genda mTavrobis meTaurs, anu vazirTa

upirveless. zemoaRniSnulidan gamomdinare, ar aris memat ianis Secdoma
gancxadeba imis Sesaxeb, rom `monas-
li iy o oTx i e pis ko pos i d as avl eT

saqarTvelodan imereTis TavadaznaurobasTan erTad. rogorc Cans, es òTxi~
ricxvi gaidealebuli da tradiciuli
terni da saepiskoposoni da yovelni

eklesiani wessa da rigsa locvisasa da
yovlisa saeklesiosa gangebisasa darbazis kariT miiRebdian, viTarca kanonsa ucdomelsa da yovlad Sveniersa da
iyo. am òTxeulSi~ Sedioda imereTis

kaTalikosis taxtze mjdomi dosiTeos
quTaTeli, da agreTve eqvTime genaTeli
da kidev ori sxva episkoposi. 62 iv. javaxiSvilis mier gamorkveulia, rom `sax-
dawyobilsa, keTilwesierebasa locvisa

da marxvisasa~. 6 0
amJamad, mematianis am gancxadebas
elmwifo darbazSi XI s-is Sua wlebSi

wevrebad yofilan: umaRlesi samRvdeloebisa, darbazis kars myofTa da saqvey-
miiCnevdnen gadaWarbebad, magram TiTqmis imaves wers `xelmwifis karis garigebis~ avtori _ `gelaTisagan kide saydarni da sxvani monasterni da eklesi-
nod gamrige xelisufalTa ufrosi warmomadgenelni da `mecnierni sabWoTa

saqmeTani~ anu iuristi aznaurni~. 63
mwignobarTuxucesis adgilis warmoCe-
ani xucesni da monazonni da rac saek-
nis mizniT, Cven gavagrZelebT CamoTv-
`qarTlis c xovreba~, t. I, gv. 352; 61 qar Tuli samarTlis Zegle bi~, II, gv. 82;
imer eTis mmarTvelob a, 1999 , gv. 67; 63 iv. javax iSvili, t. VII, 1984 , gv. 181.
60
62
g. vaWaraZe,
700
las bizantiur karze myofi moxeleebi-
`vazirebSi yvelaze ufrosad mwi-
sa (Tumca isini sapatriarqo karze iyvnen):

`didi ekonomosi~ - iyo mTavari im
gnobarTuxucesi iTvleboda. pirvelad

mwignobarTuxucesi mxolod X-XI ss-is
ekonomosebisa, romelnic saeklesio meurneobas xelmZRvanelobdnen. ekonomosis

warmomadgenloba dadginda qalkedonis
krebis mamebis mier 26-e kanoniT. `didi
ekonomosi~, SesaZloa, udris qarTul
ZeglSia moxsenebuli, saxeldobr, im

Rrtilas momxdar samRvdelo krebisa da
pa eq ro bi s aRw er il ob aSi , ro me ls ac
ewodeboda `sityYs-geba berisa efTvime
g rZ el is a so sn eT is m im ar T so me xT a
ùxuces meWurWles~ anu `meWurWleTuxucess~. misi movaleobac igivea, oRond
moZRvrisa~. am TxzulebaSi bagrat mefis Tanamedroved dasaxelebulia `mwi-
xelmwifis karze.
`didi skevofilaqsi~ - movale iyo
daecva saeklesio Semosavali, dgam-ave-
gnobarTuxucesi mefisa saxeliT

efTvime~. 65 jerjerobiT amaze uwinares
qarTul saistorio mwerlobaSi Cven mwi-
ji, WurWleuli da salaro, agreTve
gnobarTuxucesis xseneba ar mogvepove-
eTvalyura RvTimsaxurebis aRsrulebis

dros wes-rigisaTvis. 64
Cveni `meWurWleTuxucesi~, Cans, aerTianebda or konstantinopolur Tanam-
ba. meore cnoba mwignobarTuxucesis

Sesaxeb Senaxulia mose xonelis mier
1085 wels gadaweril giorgi mTawmidelis axalnaTargmn Txzulebis boloSi.
debobas didi ekonomosisa da didi

skevofilaqsisa, es ukanasknelic, Cans,
Cveneburi meWurWlea.
`didi sakelari~ _ iniSneboda mo-
am wignis anderZSi naTqvamia, rom igi

dawerilia `salocvelad RmrTiv-gvirgvinosanTa mefeTa CvenTa giorgi mefeTa
mefisa da kesarosisa da Zisa maTisa dav-
nastrebis samarTavad da pirvel rigSi

samonastro qonebisa.
rogorc aqedan SeiZleba vifiqroT,
Tu ki konstantinopolis sapatriarqoSi
iT mefisa sevastosisa da kualad salocvelad ZmaTa CemTa ioane Wyondidel mTavarepiskoposisa da sYngelozisa, petre vestisa da mwignobarTuxucesisa~-o. 66
monastrebi erTi centridan imarTeboda,

SesaZloa, CvenSic imave movlenas hqonda adgili, kerZod imarTeboda erTi
adgilidan sapatriarqo karidan, anu
igive xelmwifis karidan, agreTve mo-
daviT IV aRmaSeneblis dros ukve

ixsenieba `giorgi Wyondideli mwignobarTuxucesi~ da mwignobarTuxucesi aq
martivad Wyondideladac iwodeba. am ori
Tanamdebobis SeerTeba pirvelad swored
nastrebis qonebasac erTi centridan xelmZRvanelobdnen, Cans, `didi sakelari~

Cveneburi moZRvarT-moZRvaria.
daviT aRmaSeneblis dros da missave

brZanebiT unda momxdariyo. 67
daviT aRmaSeneblis istorikosi gior-
mwignobarTuxuces-Wyondidelis saxelosTan dakavSirebiT, iv. javaxiSvils

aqvs brwyinvale gamokvleva Tavis `samarTlis istoriaSi~, romlis vrceli
gi Wyondidel-mwignobarTuxucesze ambobs: igi iyo `kaci sruli yovliTa

sikeTiTa sulisa da KorcTasa, savse
sibrZniTa da gonierebiTa, ganmzraxi
amonaridebi mogvyavs qvemoT:
sv iani da frT xili , T anag amk afve li
. , , . 148; 65 saqarTvelos samoTxe, gv. 616; 66 qk ~bi, I 232, p. karbelaSvili,

ìve ria~, 1889, #28, g v. 270 ; 67 iv. javaxiSvili, t. VI, 1982, g v. 270-277.
64
701
yovelTa gzaTa da saqmeTa da RuawlTa~

mefisaTao. 68 mwignobarTuxucesi iyo mefisa `gamzraxi~, anu mrCeveli da mefis
saxelmwifo moRvaweobis `Tana-gamkafeli~, anu TanamSromeli. igi `Tavs adga...
patronis msaxurebaTa~, 68 e.i. mefis msax-
gangeba~ Seadgenda. rodesac laSa-giorgis Zem daviTma saqarTvelos samefo weswyobileba daarRvia da baTo yaenTan gamgzavrebis win ubralo mestumre jiquri
mwignobarTuxucesis magier samefos uzenaes gamgeblad gaxada, mefem mas `BelT
urebas saTaveSi udga. 69

mwignobarTuxucesi unda yofiliyo
`brZeni da gonieri, patronTaTAs sviani
da erTguli da Semecnebuli sauravTa~. 70
mas `sauravni~ hqonda. erT qarTul kara-
udva samefosa da saxlisa gangeba~. 7 3

mwignobarTuxucesi da vazirTa upirvelesi marto saxelmwifo saqmeebis mTavari gamge ki ar iyo, aramed igi amasTanave
mestumre jiquriviT `gamgeblad saxlisa
badin Si mwign obarTuxu cesis Se saxeb

Semdegi sayuradRebo cnoba mogvepoveba:
karnu-qalaqidan ruknadinis damarcxebis Semdgom alafad motanil saaqimo
wignis gadmoTargmna mibrZanao `qristes
mier patronman Wyondidelman, misman mwignobarTuxucesobaman, protoupertimosman da vazirTa yovelTa upirvelesman,
kacman goneba-mosavman da saRmrToA Ta
msjavriTa marTlmsajulman da Kelisapy-
sameufosa~ 74 iyo xolme da mefis sakuTari da piradi qonebis sagamgeos uzenaes mmarTveladac iTvleboda, amas is
garemoebac amtkicebs, rom rodesac basil mwignobarTuxucesma ìwyo sauravTaca qmnad Tvinier mefisa kiTxvisa~, Turme didad ewyina mefeTa qveyanaTa~. 75 mefis
Semdgom mwignobarTuxucesi qveynis uzenaesi mzrunveli, sazogado keTildReobisa
da warmatebis mourne da politikisa da
robelman uRonoTa da qurivTa man~-o. 7 1

am mokle cnobidan Cans, rom mwignobarTuxucesi `vazirTa yovelTa upirvelesi~
yofila, amasTanave `marTlmsajuli da
Kelisampyrobeli uRonoTa da qurivTa~.
Sevsebul `qarTlis cxovrebaSi~, sadac istorikoss saubari axali mwignobarTuxucesis daniSvnis Sesaxeb aqvs, naTqvamia: Tamar mefe did sagonebels mieca
da `gonebda, Tu vis miandos daviT da
spa TYsi da gansagebeli saxlisa TYsisa~-o, 72 e.i. mwignobarTuxucess ebara
saxelmwifo saxlis `gansagebeli~, samefos spa da TviT Tamar mefis Tanamecxedrec ki, daviT mefe, misi sazrunavi
unda yofiliyo. qarTuli JamTaaRmwerlis sityvidan Cans, rom mwignobarTuxucesis uflebas `samefosa da saxlis
mimarTulebis saWeTmpyrobeli iyo~. 76

`xelmwifis karis garigebaSi naTqvamia: `mwignobarTuxucesi viTa mama ars
mefisa, egre yvela sauravi umisod ar
iqnebis~-o. e.i. mwignobarTuxucesi mefis mudmivi `ganmzraxi~, mrCeveli da
TanamSromeli, misi saxelmwifo moRvaweobis `Tana-ganmkafeli~ iyo. cxadia, rom
` sa ur av Ta q mn a~ m w ig no ba rT ux uc es s
Wyondidels da vazirTa-upirveless arc
SeeZlo `Tvinier mefisa kiTxvisa~. mas
amis ufleba ar hqonda. qarTvel JamTa
aRmwerels moTxrobili aqvs, rom basil
Wyondidelma mefe daviT laSas Zis mouclelobiT isargebla da ìwyo sauravTaca qmnad Tvinier mefesa kiTxvisa~, mefis mier sikvdilad iqmna dasjilio. 7 5
e.i. rogorc mefes umwignobarTuxuce-
c ~a mf ~sa dT ~si 534, g v. 301; 69 iqv e. gv. 272-27 3;

TayaiSvili, . I, 641; 7 2 qar Tlis cx ovreba, gv. 433;
gv. 691; 7 6 iqv e, gv. 273-274.
68
70
73
ist . da az m. Saravand., gv. 40 9; 7 1 e.

JamT., g v. 657 ; 7 4 iqve , gv. 656; 7 5 iq ve,
702
sod saxelmwifo saqmeebi ar unda ga-
abu-baqar aTabagis winaaRmdeg ga-
nego, iseve arc am vazirTa upirveless

SeeZlo `Tvinier mefesa kiTxvisa~ emo-
laSqrebis Sesaxeb bWoba iyo da krebam

omi daaskvna. Tamar mefem mwignobarTux-
qmedna saxelmwifos mniSvnelovani saqmeebis gadawyvetis dros.

mwignobarTuxucesi-Wyondideli mov-
ucess da Wyondidels antons èsreT

ubrZana: ìswrafed dawerad da mamacuriTa sityviTa mimodasdeviT brZaneba, raTa
ale iyo saxelmwifos sazogado keTildReobisaTvis ezruna, Taosnoba da fxa
mswrafl Semokrbes mxedroba~-o. 81 kanoniT mwignobarTuxucess da ara amirs-
gamoiCina am saqmeSi, moTave yofiliyo

`ganzraxvaTa keTilTa samefosaTvis da
erisa umjobesTaTYs~. 77 is amasTanave saxelmwifos warmomadgeneli iyo, misi uflebaTa damcveli. stefanos orbeliani am-
pasalars unda daegzavna laSqris wvevis wignebi da jaris Seyris Sesaxeb

brZaneba gaeca. 82
gansakuTrebul SemTxvevaSi mwignobarTuxuces-Wyondideli omSic midioda da
bobs, rom im davis garCevis dros, romliTac somexTa ori monasteri erTma-
saqarTvelos mxedrobas brZolis velze

miyveboda. rodesac Tamar mefem abu-
neTs vercxlis jvars ecileboda, samefos warmomadgenlad didi Wyondideli

mwignobarTuxucesi iyo. 78
Sevsebuli qarTlis cxovrebis zemomoyvanil cnobaSi aRniSnulia, rom mwig n o b ar T u x u c e s s h q o n d a m i nd o b i l i
saqarTvelos samefo spac. saqarTvelos
saistorio wyaroebidan Cans, rom sanam
mefe didi omis gamocxadebas gadawyvetda, saqarTveloSi wesad yofila, rom
mefis winaSe `yovelni vazirni da spani
Seikribebodnen da ganzraxuli samxedro
baqaris winaaRmdeg saomrad jari gaistumra, man `Tanawaratana antoni Wyondideli~. 81 am cnobas adasturebs Tamaris istorikosic Samqoris omis `Jamsa
mwignobarTuxucesi antonica winaSe iyo
da (mefe daviTma) mas ubrZana warZRvaneba Zelisa cxovelebisa, romel ars
skiptra da jaWv-Wuri mefisa~. 83 brZola
rom dawyebula, igi saomar vels moSorebia, xolo Semdeg omidan ZlevamosilebiT
gamosuls mefe daviT soslans iqve `miegeba
wina antoni vaziri~-o, `romelman ridobiTa
moqmedebis Sesaxeb sja hqondaT. am krebis gadawyvetilebaze iyo damokidebuli

`daaskvnida~ igi oms da `mimarTebas~ Tu
ara. 79 viTarca `vazirTa yovelTa upirveless~ da iseTs xelisufals, uromlisodac ara `sauravis~ gadawyveta ara
SeiZleboda, omianobisa Tu mSvidobianobis gadawyvetis sakiTxSic, rasakvirvelia, Tavisi Zlieri gavlena eqneboda.
r o de s a c b W o ba o mi a n ob i s da w y eb a s
monazonobisaTa ara iKada maxvili da

misrulman oriTa ymiTa Semoaqcia samasi
jori da aqlemi~ 84 am cnobebidan Cans,
rom mwignobarTuxucess saqarTvelos
spaze zrunvac edo valad. 85
mwignobarTuxucesi iyo agreTve `marTlmsajuli da xelisampyrobeli uRonoTa
da qvrivTa~. Wyondideli òrSabaTs dRes
saajo karsa Sigan dajdebis, obolTa da
qvrivTa da mimZlavrebulTa moCivarTa
daaskvnida, mefe brZanebas gamoscemda

xolme `wuevad laSqrisa~. 80
ganikiTxavs~. 86 mwignobarTuxucesi qvrivobolTa da uRonoTa saCivrebs arCevda,
Sev sebuli q. c., gv. 433; 7 8 JamT., gv. 274-27 5; 7 9 ist . da azm., g v. 461; 80 iqve , gv. 456; 81 q. c.,
gv. 4 62; 82 iv. javax. , t. VI, gv. 27 5; 83 ist . da azm., g v. 464 ; 84 iqv e, gv. 468-469; 85 iv. javaxiSv ili,
Txz. t. VI, gv. 275-27 6; 86 xel m. kar is gar ., gv. 3.
77
703
rodesac ki isini TavianT Tavs daCagru-
tro sauravni piradad mas ekiTxeboda
lad da mimZlavrebulad sTvlidnen. igi

maTi mfarveli, `xelisampyrobeli~ da
maT Selaxul uflebaTa aRmdgeneli unda
yofiliyo. `rac vis usamarTlo sWirs,
ar moeSvebis, rom ar daiurvos~ mwi-
xolme da maTi kargi codna aucilebeli

iyo mwignobarTuxucesisaTvis. amas `karis
garigebac adasturebs: `gelaTisagan kide,
saydarni da sxvani monasterni da eklesiani, xucesni da monazonni da rac saek-
gnobarTuxucesma _ naTqvamia `karis garigebaSi~. 86 amgvari saCivrebis gasarCevad

orSabaTi dRe yofila dawesebuli.
mwignobarTuxucess viTarca saxelm-
lesioni dasni arian, yvela Wyondidelisa

da sawolis mwignobris saKelos~ ariano~. mwignobarTuxucess, viTarca vezirs,
eklesiaze xeli miuwvdeboda, ramdena-
wifos uzenaes mournes, saWurWlesTanac

hqonia kavSiri: `karis garigeba~-Si naTqvamia, mwignobarTuxucesi `saWurWlesac Seva~-o, albaT, rogorc mTavari
zedamxedveli. 8 7
mwignobarTuxuces-Wyondideli, viTarca mTavarepiskopozi da vaziri, sasuliero da saero, saxelmwifo xelisuflebisa da didebis SemaerTebeli iyo.
igi did monazonTa jgufSiac iricxeboda da vazirTa upirvelesadac iTvleboda: `karis garigebaSi~-Si `purobis~ wesis aRwerilobaSi naTqvamia: `mwde dar-
dac eklesia saxelmwifoze iyo damokidebuli. rodesac mefes surda eklesiisadmi saCqaro miweriloba daegzavna,
brZanebas mwignob arTuxucesis piriT
SeuTvlida xolme. Sevsebul qarTlis
cxovrebaSi naTqvamia, Tamar mefem abubaqar aTabagis winaaRmdeg galaSqrebis
gadawyvetis Semdgom anton mwignobarTuxucess ubrZana: `miumceniT yovelTa
eklesiaTa da monasterTa, raTa daucadebelni RamisTevani da litaniobani aResruleboden yovelTa adgilTa~-o. 90 dogmaturi sakiTxebis ganxilva da gadaw-
baziT aTqs oTxTave. moZRvarTmoZRvarsa, kaTalikozsa (ors, qarTlisa da afxazeTisas), Wyondidelsa, da samTa vazirTa:
aTabagsa, amirspasalarsa da mandaturTuxucesTa~-o. Semdeg ki sweria: àmirejibs marTebso oTxTa monazonTa da samTa vezirTa wvevao~. maSasadame, mwignobar-
yveta qarTlis kaTalikozs da adgilobriv saeklesio krebas SeeZlo da am

sferoSi mwignobarTuxucess xeli ar miuwvdeboda. gansakuTrebul SemTxvevebSi
(SiomRvimis monastris mier arCeuli
winamZRvris damtkiceba) saqarTvelos
mTavrobas ufleba hqonda eklesiis Sin-
Tuxucesic oTxTa monazonTa jgufSi

yofila moqceuli.
amitomac, mwignobarTuxucess ekiTxeboda yvela saqme eklesiebisa da monastrebis, samRvdeloebisa da moweseTa
Sesaxeb. Sevsebul `qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ naTqvamia anton mwignobarTuxucesisa da Wyondidelis Sesaxeb, rom igi iyo
`Semecnebuli sauravTa eklesiaTa da
monasterTa~-o. 88 saeklesio da samonas-
aur saqmeebSi Careuliyo. daviT aRmaSenebelma SiomRvimis monasters saqarTvelos kaTalikozis TanxmobiT didi upiratesoba mianiWa, samosamarTlo Seuvaloba da kaTalikozisagan damoukidebloba
uw yal oba i se, ro m r aki m ona ste ri
winamZRvars `mTavar-memRvimes wilisyriT (`wilgdebiT~) airCevda, mas pirdapir mefe amtkicebda, darbazs mosuls
argans uwyalobebda da abarebda monas-
87
iv. javaxiSvili, t. VI, gv. 27 6;
88
qar Tlis cx ovreba, gv. 433;
90
iqv e, gv. 462.
704
tris marTva-gamgeobas: `raca saqme da
winaSe warsulSi raRac didi damsaxure-
sauravi maTi iyos, mwignobarTuxucesi

ìyofodis~ meurned da `romelsa Cuen
ba unda hqonoda. Wyondidel episkoposs

saxelmwifoebrivi gavlena unda moepove-
ver miiweneT~ vinc mwignobarTuxucesad

iyos igica iurvobdes~. 91
`xelmwifis karis garigebis~ Tanaxmad, mwignobarTuxucesi rom saajo karSi sasamarTlo saqmeebis garCevas da
bina jer kidev afxazTa samefoSi. SesaZloa àfxazTa samefos~ formirebis dros
am kaTedras didi wvlili miuZRvoda
rogorc berZenTagan Savi zRvispireTis
eklesiuri gaTavisuflebis, ise adgilo-
`moCivarTa gankiTxvas~ Seudgeboda xolme,

mas yovelTvis `sa wolis mwignobari
brivi qarTuli saxelmwifos Camoyalibebis saqmeSi da am dros kaTedris mmarTvelma
gverds uzis da zardaxnis mwignobars

gagzavnis, da misi piriT moaxsenebs, rac
vis ra sWirs~-o. xolo `rasac misis
moipova saxelmwifo sammarTvelo sistemaSi mtkice adgili. cnobilia, afxazTa

mefe giorgi II-m (922-957 ww.) àRaSena
piriT ver daiurvebs, adgebis da TYT
saydari Wyondidisa, Seqmna saepiskopo-
miva da maSin iurvis~ da `rac vis usamarTlo sWirs, ar moeSvebis, rom ar

daiurvos~-o.
maSasadame, zardaxnis mwignobari da
sod~. 93 fiqroben, am kaTedraze fasisis

episkoposi dajda, xolo fasisSi kaTedra gauqmda. albaT, fasisis kaTedris
pirdapir memkvidres, Wyondidels gadae-
sawolis mwignobari saajo karSi sasamarTlo saqmeebis garCevis dros vazirTupirvelesis da mwignobarTuxucesis TanaSemweebi yofilan. amgvarad, sasamarT-
ca yvela is pativi da upiratesoba, rac

fasisis kaTedras miuZRoda qveynis winaSe.
rogorc cnobilia, afxazeTis samefos warmoqmnamde afxazeTis sakaTalikosom suli-
lo 3 wevri sagan yofila Semdg ari,

romelTagan erTi, saxeldobr, mwignobarTuxucesi, ufrosi da Tavmjdomare yofila, erTi kidev, saxeldobr, zardaxnis
erad gaaerTiana dasavleT saqarTvelos

miwa-wyali, riTac Seuqmna baza adgilobrivi qarTuli saxelmwifos Seqmnas. SesaZloa am saqmeSi fasisis kaTedra da misi
mwignobari, gamomZiebeli da saqmis momxsenebeli yofila~. 92

rogorc zemoT Cans, mwignobarTuxucesi saxelmwifoSi upirveles saxelos
flobda, amitomac am Tanamdebobaze daniS-
samwysoc iRvwoda, radganac imJamad eklesiurad, swored fasisis kaTedris samwyso iyo udidesi nawili qveynisa. aman,
Cans, asaxva hpova kaTedris sapatio adgilze jer àf xazTa~, xolo Se mdeg
nul pirs qveyanaSi didi avtoriteti unda

hqonoda, aseTad miuCneviaT ara kerZo
saeklesio piri, aramed mTlianad saek-
saqarTvelos saxelmwifoSi. misi upiratesoba bizantiurma karma `svingelozis~

wodebis miniWebiT aRiara. svingelozis
lesio kaTedra Wyondideli episkoposisa, rogorc Cans, mas (kaTedras) qveynis
garda Wyondideli atarebda bizantiur

tituls protoupertimosisas.
91
s. kakab., gam., g v. 13-14;
92
iv. javax iSvili, VII, 1984, gv. 34 7;
93
705
moZ RvarT moZRv ari

moZRvarTmoZRvari unda yofiliyo
`rCulisa moZRvarTa~ da `wesis da rCulisa maswavlebelTa~ uxucesi. am ter-
aq sxva viTarebasTan unda gvqondes

saqme, piriqiT, unda vifiqroT, rom
esaa gamoxatva Zvel saqarTveloSi ar-
mins xmarobs giorgi merCule. sruli

terminia ara `moZRvari~, aramed `rCulis moZRvari~, anu kanonebis ganmmartebeli, mcodne.
iv. javaxiSvilis gamokvleviT, dar-
sebul `moZRvrobis~ institutis pativis migebisa.

xelmwifis karze, anu saxelmwifo
sabWoSi, darbazis wevr `did monazonTa~ jgufSi Semavali oTxi umaRlesi
bazobis dros moZRvarTmoZRvars TviT

kaTalikoszedac meti upiratesoba hqonda miniWebuli, mefe movale iyo mas ufro
meti pativiT misalmeboda, vidre kaTalikozsa da vazirebs. saeklesio wesrigis Sesabamisad, aseTi qmedeba auxsneli Cans, radganac qarTlis kaTalikosi, anu rac igivea saqarTvelos patri-
sasuliero ierarqi `berebad~ iwodeboda (òTx berTa~ jgufSi). `beri~ am SemTxvevaSi unda ixmarebodes ara am sityvis
Tanamedrove mniSvnelobiT, aramed, rogorc
Cans, emsgavseba rusul eklesiaSi dRes
arsebul termins ()-s. `stareci~ esaa avtoritetuli moZRvari, maswavlebeli rjulisa da ganmmartebeli
arqi yovelmxriv upiratesad pativsacemia sxva yvela sasuliero pirTan SedarebiT. arc is SeiZleba vifiqroT,
TiTqosda saxelmwifo xelisuflebam up-
kanonebisa, amave dros Tavisi cxovrebis

wesiT magaliTis mimcemia, misabaZia sxvaTaTvis. Zvel saqarTveloSi mxolod
am oTxeulis wevrebs ar ewodeboda `be-
iratesoba mianiWa moZRvarTmoZRvars eklesiis pirvel mRvdelmTavarTan SedarebiT da es ukanaskneli (e.i. patriarqi)
rebi~, aramed iseT avtoritetebs qarTuli

eklesiisa, romlebic iyvnen `moZRvari~
grigol xanZTeli, eqvTime da giorgi
am qmedebas daeTanxma.
mTawmidelebi da sxvebi. qarTveli beris,
706
anu iuridiuli `moZRvris~ mniSvneloba
oSic. vardapetebis xelSeuvali avtori-
iseTive unda yofiliyo, rogoric aris

dResac somxur eklesiaSi mniSvneloba
teti maswavleblidan moswavles, Taobidan Taobas gadaecemoda. vardapetebi
`vardapetisa~.
n. maris azriT somxuri wyaroebis
mixedviT vardapeti aris ara mxolod
monazoni mamakaci, aramed aris maswavlebeli (moZRvari).
iyvnen saRvTo werilis tradiciuli teqstebis damcvelni da mzrunvelni, zogjer daxelovnebuli kaligrafebi, Zveli
da axali aRTqmis wignebis pirveli mTargmnelebi. patriarq sahakis 36-e kanonis
`Zvel somxur eklesiaSi vardapetis,

rogorc moZRvar-maswavleblis roli da
Tanaxmad - `wmida da ubiwo sarwmunoebis saWeTmpyrobelni arian mociqulebi,
avtoriteti metad mniSvnelovani iyo.

rTuli sasuliero sakiTxebis gadawyvetaSi, rogorc Cans, mas ufro meti wona
winaswarmetyvelebi da vardapetebi~. maT

`RvTisSemecnebis madlis Semnaxvelebs~
uwodebdnen. did gavlenas axdenen somx-
hqonda, vidre episkoposs, an Tundac
eTis saeklesio krebis muSaobaze, maT-
kaTalikoss~.
maSasadame, somxur eklesiaSi garkveuli pirobebis dros (kerZod, sasuliero
sakiTxebis gadawyvetisas), vardapets ka-
Tvis mimarTulebis micemaze (SevadaroT

ber `moZRvar~ grigol xanZTelis magaliTs, romelmac javaxeTis saeklesio krebas Tavisi mimarTuleba misca da aarCev-
Talikosze meti wona hqonda, rogorc

es Cans wyaroebidan, saqarTveloSi moZRvarTmoZRvars msgavsi, albaT sasjulo
sakiTxebis gadawyvetisas (darbazobis
ina misTvis sasurveli kaTalikosi).

somxuri saeklesio samarTali (mxiTar goSisa) ar iTvaliswinebda vardapetebis raime SezRudvas sasuliero da
dros), kaTalikosze meti pativiT epyrobodnen. `vardapetebs ara mxolod maswavlebloba-moZRvrobis ufleba hqondaT,
aramed mosamarTlisac. maT xelSi iyo
samoZRvro-samaswavleblo saqmianobaSi,
maSin roca somxeTis patriarqi izRudeboda imiT, rom ar SeeZlo araviTari
siax lis Se moReba saekle sio kr ebis
msajuloba~. 9 5
somxur eklesiaSi vardapetTa instituti warmoadgenda sasuliero wodebis
mecnierTa gansakuTrebul korporacias. 94
vardapetebi iyvnen saeklesio moZRvreb-
gareSe. 9 6
uamravi analogiis gamo, romelic arsebobs somxur `vardapetsa~ da Zvel
qarTul `moZRvars~ Soris, unda vifiqroT,
rom ruis-urbnisis krebamde, `moZRvro-
isa da gadmocemaTa erT-erTi kompetenturi damcvelni, amxsnel-ganmmarteblebi da ganmaviTareblebi. maT gaaCndaT
bis~ institutis damcrobamde (am krebis

me-12 muxliT), CvenSi arsebobda bermoZRvar-maswavlebelTa wodebrioba, erT-
didi uflebamosileba. Zveli somxuri

saeklesio wyaroebis Tanaxmad, maT sapatio adgili hqondaT gankuTvnili sazogadoebriv urTierTobaTa sistemaSi da
gvari korporacia, romlis meTaursac

warmoadgenda `moZRvarT-moZRvari~ maswavlebelTa-maswavlebeli, igi xelmwifis karze iWerda upirvels adgils Tavi-
maT Soris samarTal-Semoqmedebis sfer-
si sasuliero avtoritetis Sesabamisad.
94
g. nadare iSvili, niko mari da qarTuli samarTlis istoriis sak iTxebi, 1989, gv. 25;
23; 9 6 iqv e, gv. 24.
94
95
iqve , gv.
707
igi moZRvaria kaTalikosebisa da episko-
melsac aqvs gansakuTrebuli sasuliero
posebisa da sxva rigiTi moZRvrebisa,

anu `moZRvarT-moZRvaria~. amitomac, mas
samecniero codna da amasTanave evaleba

am codnis Sesabamisad iRvawos eklesiis
viTarca maswavlebels da mimTiTebels

Sesabamisi pativiscemiT epyrobian. am
mxriv, gansakuTrebiT samagaliToa CvenTvis grigol xanZTelis mimarT kaTalikosTa da episkoposTa damokidebuleba,
tradiciaTa dacvisaTvis. igia mxolod

moZRvari da maswavlebeli. umTavresi
Tviseba vardapetisa (arqimandritisa)
esaa mecnieruli codna da am codniT
mopovebuli ufleba maswavleblobisa
aqac msgavs suraTs vxedavT. baneli episkoposi grigol xanZTelis stumrobisas
(moZRvrobisa) da msajulobisa. rogorc

Cans, aseve iyo Zvel saqarTveloSic.
ver bedavs dajdes Tavis saepiskoposo

kaTedraze anu `saydarze~ (saepiskoposo
savar Zeli) da mowiweb iT Txovs wm.
`moZRvrobis~ instituti ar unda yofiliyo mxolod somxuri eklesiis maxasiaTebeli niSani, igi, rogorc Cans,
grigols am kaTedraze man inebos dabr-
msoflio eklesiaSi pirvel saukuneebSi
Zaneba. qarTlis kaTalikosis arsenis

mimarTeba grigolisadmi msgavsia. aRsaniSnavia, isic, rom somxur eklesiaSi
vardapetebs aniWebdnen àrqimandritis~
arsebuli viTarebis aRmonacenia. amas miuTiTebs is, rom somxur eklesiaSi vardapets miiCnevdnen `mociqulis memkvidred~
(Cans swavlis da ara administraciul
tituls. arqimandriti mecnier moZRvars

niSnavda. grigol xanZTelsac arqimandritis tituli hqonda da es maRali
tituli miuTiTebda misi mniSvnelobis
sferoSi). qarTul eklesiaSic msgavsi

suraTi iyo, rogorc qvemoT ganvixilavT,
CvenSi ber-moZRvrebs (Zveleburi gagebiT) miiCnevdnen pirvel patriarqTa
Sesaxeb. msgavsi magaliTebia rogorc

eqvTime, ise giorgi mTawmidelebisa da
sxvaTa SemTxvevaSi. maT `moZRvarTan~
erTad agreTve `berebsac~ uwodebdnen,
(abraamis, isaakis da iakobis) memkvidreebad (cxadia, swavla-ganaTlebis sferoSi). unda vifiqroT, rom bizantiis imperiaSi saxelmwifos mier eklesiis sam-
e.i. gansakuTrebul moZRvars _ avtoritetul maswavlebels.

marTalia, amJamad `moZRvari~ ewodeba yvela mRvdels, magram Zvel saqarTveloSi, Cans, `moZRvari~ ewodeboda
marTvelo saqmianobaSi CarTvisas, roca

episkoposebs mieniWaT didi administraciuli Tanamdebobebi, `moZRvrobis~ Zveli
instituti daiCrdila, magram aRmosavleTis im qveynebSi (kerZod, somxeTsa
mxolod mecnier swavlul sasuliero

pirs, wevrs `ber-monazonTa~ korporaciisa, anu mas, romelsac dRes somxur
da saqarTveloSi), sadac saxelmwifo

Zliereba mcire iyo, eklesiam ufro metad
SeZlo Zveli, pirvel saukuneTa insti-
eklesiaSi ewodeba `vardapeti~ anu àrqimandriti~. amJamadac somxur eklesiaSi arqimandritis gansakuTrebul wodebas aniWeben ara Tundac yvelaze Rvawl-
tutebis SenarCuneba, aseTi iyo `moZRvrobis~ (vardapetobis) korporacia. saqarTveloSi II aTaswleulis dasawyisSi Camoyalibda Zlieri saxelmwifo, am dros,
mosil iRumensa Tu mRvdelmonazons,

aramed mxolod mecnier (kerZod, mecnierebaTa doqtor) mRvdelmonazons, ro-
rogorc Cans, aRmoCnda, rom moZRvrobis

instituts garkveuli qaosi Sehqonda
samonastro da saeklesio cxovrebaSi,
708
amitomac `moZRvrebis~ raodenoba monas-
ebdnen monofizitebs, axla ukve Tama-
trebSi mkacrad ganisazRvra. magram es

momenti ar aris mTavari, aramed is,
ris karze mxargrZelTa mier Camoyvanili somexi sasuliero pirebis winaSe
rom ruis-urbnisis krebis me-12 kanonis

Tanaxmad `moZRvris~ pativis misaRebad
ukve saWiro aRar iyo mecnieruli ganaTleba, aramed sakmarisi iyo mxolod
`xeldasxma~ anu kurTxeva. amis Semdeg
codniT uZlurebas amJRavnebdnen qarTveli

mamebi, amiT unda avxsnaT albaT qarTveli kaTalikosis mier wmida tarigis
dadgma... `momymarisa mis ZaRlisa wina~. 97
Tavisi simarTlis dasamtkiceblad mxo-
`moZRvari~ ukve yvela nakurTxi anu

xeldasxmuli, Tundac ucodinari an na-
lod uflismieri mowyale saswaulis gamo

gadarCa Sercxvenas qarTveli kaTaliko-
klebmcodne mRvdeli gaxda. bagrat IV_is

dros, Cans, msgavsi viTareba iyo episkoposTa kurTxevis mimarTac. wmida gior-
si, romlis winaSec sapaeqrod iyvned Sekrebili somexi episkoposebi, vardapetebi da

mecnierebi. 98 ìwyes somexTa, sarwmunoeb-
gi mTawmideli mravalgzis moZRvravda
isa maTisa Tqmad sityua-mWevrad da vr-
mefes episkoposebad ar daesva Seusabamo, e.i. zneobrivad uRirsi da ucodinari samRvdelo pirebi, e.i. xeli aravis
daesxa maTTvis mefis nebis Tu garemoe-
cel-sityvierad, viTar uwyiT somexTa

sityva mis sveobisa, Zlieri RaRadi
aRuteves, cilobisa swori Zleva iqmneboda~. 99 somex `vardapetebsa da mec-
bis iZulebis gamo.

imisaTvis, raTa gaugebroba ar warmoSvas zemoT moyvanilma varaudma, kidev
erTxel ganvmartavT, rom saqme Seexeba
nierebs~ mxolod erTi qarTveli kaTalikosi epaeqreboda, mis gverdiT ar Canan

Zvel moZRvarTa msgavsi merCule mecnieri moZRvrebi, grigol xanZTelis, eqv-
mxolod moZRvrobis institutis gaqrobis TariRis Ziebas. pirvel aTaswleulSi, kerZod ki, VIII-XI ss-Si CvenSi namdvilad arsebobda moZRvrobis institu-
Time da giorgi mTawmidelebis, sosTen

beris msgavsi mopaeqreebi, romelnic arcxvendnen somexTa monofizitur swavlebas,
axla kaTalikoss ara Tavisi codnis, aramed
ti, msgavsi somxuri eklesiis `vardapetobisa~, Semdgom igi gaqra. Tvalis erTi
gadavlebiTac ki Cans, rom qarTuli, ara
mxolod sasuliero kultura, aramed
saeroc, Tavisi ZalmosilebiT, Sinagani
mxolod uflis didi mowyalebis imedi

aqvs, romelsac marTlac ufali aniWebs
mas, roca ganizraxavs qarTvelTa sarwmunoebis siswore daamtkicos ara `sityviT, aramed saqmiT~ da ambobs `saqmiTa
ZlierebiT gansakuTrebiT gamorCeuli iyo

VIII-XII ss-Si, Semdgom igi mkveTrad
Semcirda. igive iTqmis samecniero cod-
gamovaCinoT da ara sityviTa~. 100

ratom? Cans, `sityviT~ igi damarcxda, anda damarcxebis piras mivida mefis
nazec. magaliTad, Tamaris meistoriis

Txrobidan Cans, rom monofizitebTan
kamaTis dros XII s-is bolos ukve aRar
Cans is Zveleburi Semtevi codna, rom-
karze mowyobil paeqrobisas somex rjulis mc odneebTan. ra iyo es saqme?

rogorc aRvniSneT, man gadawyvita mSieri
ZaRli gamoeyenebina msajulad. wmida
liTac iqamde qarTveli mamebi amarcx-
siwmide daedga mis win, Tu ZaRli ar
qar Tlis cx ovreba, t. II, gv. 88;

iqve , gv. 85.
97
98
`yo velni vardap etni da mecnierni~, gv. 82;
99
iqv e, gv. 83;
100
709
SeWamda mas, maSin igi gamarjvebulad
dacema, Semdeg ki gaqroba gamoiwvia TviT
gamocxaddeboda, Tu SeWamda damarcxebulad. `Tqveni SeWamos Tqven grcxvenes,

Tu Cveni SeWamos Cven gvrcxvenes~. 10 1
Tamar mefe aRaSfoTa am ganzraxvam:
`xolo mefe, Zlierad mbrZoli, etyoda
eklesiis SigniTve momxdarma raRac Zvram,

Cveni hipoTeziT erTi aseTi unda yofiliyo ruis-urbnisis krebis me-12 muxli. Tu Cveni varaudi amis Sesaxeb sworia, unda vifiqroT, rom am wmida kreb-
kaTalikossa: `ra sTqva, vin SemZlebel

ars amisTa qmnad, mogonebad da smenad,
rameTu gansakvirvel ars?~. 101 irgvliv
myofi xalxic gaognda: èsma ra ese mefe-
is ma meb s arc hq ond aT ga nzr axu li

moZRvrobis institutis saerTod gaqroba, aramed mxolod mis kalapotSi moqceva surdaT, magram aseTi Sedegi unda
Ta da ersa, gankvirdes da uRonoebaman

moicva, viTar gonebad movides, rqves
kaTalikossa: `ra ese sTqvi, sasmeneladac zaria!~. 101
marTlac warmoudgenelia aRarsad
sCanan udidesi mesityveni. sityvis ostatebi, mecnier-mopaeqreni, mcodne-maswavlebelni. arsen iyalToels da ioane
petriwis moswavleebi da moswavleTamoswavleebi, Cans aRarc darCaT, anda
maTi adgili sxvam daiWira, ucodinarma,
magram `xeldasxmulma~ pirebma. kidev
erTxel unda vikiTxoT, rodis Sewyda
gamoewvia winadadebas: `vinc samRvdelo

piri ar aris, ara aqvs ufleba iyos
sulis ganmkiTxveli, radgan mas jer
Sekvrisa da gaxsnis ufleba unda hqondes
da Semdeg SeuZlia sulTa gankiTxvas
mihyos xeli~. 102
rogorc Cans, iqamde, XII s-mde gamoCenil moZRvrebs moswavleebad hyavdaT
arasamRvdelo, anu xeldausxmeli monazvnebi (sazogadod, monazvnebi samRvdelo pirebad ar iTvlebian). moswavleebs
evalebodaT codnis miReba. sruli ganaTlebis miRebis Semdeg, Cans, aseT mon-
moZRvrobis institutis arseboba, rodis gaqra moZRvarTa korporacia? erTi

SexedviT, isic SeiZleba vifiqroT, rom
monRol-TaTarTa Semosevebis Semdeg qveynis dakninebam bolo mouRo am wyobas,
magram moZRvrebs xom sagangebo pirobebi da Senobebi ar esaWiroebodaT, isini
azons ufleba eZleoda, an TavisTavs

nebas aZlevda daemoZRvra sxvebi, anu
`ganekiTxa sulebi~ rac akrZala XII sis krebam. Semdeg ukve `moZRvari~ ewoda
ara codnamiRebul monazons, aramed `nakurTx~ anu `xeldasxmul~ samRvdelo
pirs anu diakons, mRvdels an episko-
monastrebSi, gamoqvabulebsa da lavrebSi iRvwodnen wignebsa da xelnawerTa

Soris. imave pirobebSi, mtris mier somxuri saxelmwifoebriobis aRmofxvris Semdegac ki XI-XVIII ss-Si, somxur eklesiaSi vardapetobis instituti ara Tu
gaqra, gaZlierda kidec, albaT aseve
unda yofiliyo saqarTveloSic Tu ara
Sinagani Sla. amitomac unda vifiqroT,
rom am institutis jer avtoritetis
poss miuxedavad imisa, mas hqonda Tu

ara gavlili mecnierebis dauflebis periodi, miRebuli hqonda Tu ara sruli
samecniero-saRvTismetyvelo codna. amJamad, rogorc wesi, `moZRvari~ ewodeba nebismier samRvdelo pirs, miuxedavad misi codnisa.
ruis-urbnisis krebis me-12 muxlis
mizani iyo, aRmoefxvra `SfoTi da ganxeTqileba~ monasterSi, rac imis gamo
101
qar Tlis cx ovreba, t. II, gv. 86;
102
didi sjuliskanon i, saek l. kale ndari, 1987 w., gv. 470.
710
warmoiSoboda, rom `moZRvari~ berebis
sakuTrebuli locviTi madli, romelic
ricxvi Zalze didi iyo, zogierT monasterSi 5-dan 30-mdec ki. amitomac pirv-
maT exmareboda mZime brZolebSi gamarjvebis mosapoveblad. 105
el rigSi ùmRvdeloebs~ aekrZalaT

moZRvroba, Semdeg ki 1-mde an 2-mde
Semcirda moZRvrebis ricxvi. urCebs
anu ùrCTa WeSmaritebisaTa da morCilTa sicruisiTa~ krebam wyevla daa-
2. episkoposebisaTvis gansakuTrebul
avtoritets warmoadgenda beri moZRvari, 106 amitomac didi pativiscemiT epyrobodnen mas.
3. mefec aseve udidesi pativiscemiT
do sasjelad. 10 3 sabolood, Cans nelnela, XII s-is manZilze mkveTrad Sem-
epyroboda ber-moZRvrebs, uqmnida maT

sagangebo pirobebs dasvenebisTvis. ma-
cirda mcodne berebis ricxvi, romelTa

ricxvidan gamodiodnen Zveli moZRvrebi,
msgavsni giorgi merCulisa, grigol xan-
galiTad, bagrat IV-m saqarTveloSi Camosul ber-moZRvars giorgi mTawmidels

samyofelad miuCina àdgilni Suenierni,
ZTelisa, eqvTime da giorgi mTawmidelebisa
lavrani didebulni gansasveneblad da
da sxva cnobil mamaTa, romelnic mnaTobdnen I aTaswleulsa da II aTaswleulis

dasawyiss.
`kurTxeva - siwmidis gadacemas ni-
sayofelad missa. pirvelad _ neZvi qarTls

Sina da Semdgomad mciredisa Satberdi,
didebuli lavra klarjeTs Sina. 107
4. saqarTvelos umaRles xelisufle-
Snavs~, 104 amitomac kurTxevis dros diakons, mRvdels Tu episkoposs cxadia,

is dagrovili aTaswlovani codna ar
gadaecemoda, romelsac moZRvari wleb-
bas da sazogadoebriv azrs moZRvrebi

(berebi) miaCndaT mociqulTa memkvidreebad swavla-Segonebis mxriv. amitomac,
magaliTad, mefe bagrat IV ase SesTx-
is manZilze aswavlida Tavis moswavle

monazons, mas Zvelad `moZRvaris~ sapatio saxeli eniWeboda ara xeldasxmis
(kurTxevis), aramed codnis miRebis Sed-
ovda moZRvars _ giorgi mTawmidels:

`wmidao mamao, amisTvis movaSvreT siwmide Tqveni, raTa naklulevanebaA da
cTomaA uweso aRmohfxvra sruliad sul-
egad. mecnieruli codnis saerTo done

r e f o rmis Se mdeg mkv e T r ad un da
dacemuliyo mTel qveyanaSi. mecnieruli interesebi ganelda.
kidev erTxel moviyvanT ramdenime,
Tagan CvenTa. dafaruli dafarulad gvamxile, xolo cxadi Tvaluxvavad gangvimarte, rameTu raAca mibrZanos mamobaman Senman, esreT Seviwynaro, viTarca
pirisagan wmidaTa mociqulTaAsa~. 107
mxolod zogadad amokrebil magaliTebs

Zveli agiografiuli Txzulebebidan,
romlebSic TiTqmis garkveviT Cans, rom
agreTve beri-moZRvrebi (berebi) miaCndaT pirvel patriarqTa (abraamis, isaakis

da iakobis) memkvidreebad. magaliTad,
ZvelqarTuli `moZRvari~ emsgavseboda

somxur eklesiaSi arsebul vardapetobis instituts:
1. umaRlesi saero xelisufleba mi-
gabriel dafanCuli SesTxovda wmida

grigol xanZTels ase ekurTxebina misi
Svilebi: `wmidao RmrTisao, akurTxen
eseni wmidaTa xelTa SenTa dasxmiTa.
iCnevda, rom wmida mamebs gaaCndaT gan-
viTarca israel iosebis Zeni akurTxna,
didisjulis kanoni, 1975, gv. 552; 104 sae kl. kal endari, 1987, gv. 50 9;
qarT uli pro za, t. I, 1987, gv. 110; 106 iqve , gv. 110; 107 iqv e, gv. 111.
103
105
g. mTawm. cxov r.,
egreTve Sen yoveli Svilni Cvenni akurTx108
711
maradis iRvwide CvenTvis wmidiTa locvi-
en Cven mSobelTa maTTa Tana!~.

saqarTvelos umaRles wreebSi miaCndaT, rom Svilebis sworad aRzrdis saqmeSi moZRvrebis locvasa da maswavleblobas
aqvs udidesi mniSvneloba. amitomac aSot
Ta SeniTa winaSe qristesa da wmidaTa

mis Ta. xolo man hrq ua: _ da viT
winaAswarmetyvelisa da uflisa mier
cxebulisa Svilad wodebulo xelmwifeo!
mefobaA da saTnoebanica misni dagimkvi-
kurapalatma, gabriel dafanCulma (`mefis aznaurma~) saqarTvelos mefem bagrat

IV-m Tavia nTi Svi lebi d aalocv ines
grigol xanZTelsa da giorgi mTawmidels:
dren qristeman RmerTman, romlisaTvisca amas mogaxseneb: ara moakldes

mTavrobaA SvilTa SenTa da naTesavTa
maTTa qveyanaTa amaT ukunisamde JamTa,
`da moiyvana Ze TYsi giorgi ufliswuli (mefeman bagrat) da xeli misi xelsa
STaudva da hrqva: - àha, mogcem sulsa
amis ymisasa da winaSe RmrTisa gTxov!~
xolo man akurTxa, da uloca da hrqva
viTarmed: - `RmerTman oriTave cxorebiTa adiden, viTarca didi konstantine
da daumorCilen yovelni mterni misni!~109 ufliswuli giorgi mTawmidelma
ara marto sityvierad akurTxa, aramed
misca mas werilobiTi samoZRvro darigeba, Tu rogori saxiT unda warmarTuliyo Semdgomi misi aRzrda-ganaTlebis
aramed iyvnen igini mtkiced ufro A s

kldeTa myarTa da mTaTa saukuneTa da
didebul iyvnen ukunisamde~. 110
moZRvrisagan micemul werilobiT
darigebas moswavle dRedaRam swavlobda, magaliTad, mefe giorgi II ase iqceoda Tavisi ufliswulobis dros. mematiane wers, rom moZRvris mier micemuli
werilobiTi darigeba `man sixaruliT
Seiwynarna da dRe da Rame iwvrTin da
esreT Seudga, viTarca Svili sayvareli
mamasa saxiersa da viTarca mowafe erTguli moZRvarsa Tvissa~. 1 11 moZRvris
sa qm e. m em at ia ne w er s: ` da v iT ar ca
Svenoda, swavlani RmrTivsulierni da
mcnebani saRmrToni aRuwerna da miscna,
r aT a s a ma r ad i so d i ki T xv i de s d a
iw vr Ti de s da r aTa u we so Ta k ac Ta
ujeroA raAme ara aswaon~. 109 ufro adre,
moZRvar grigol xanZTels mefe aSot
winaSe TviTon patriarqi da umaRlesi

ierarqia Tavs valdebulad Tvlida misTvis TavianTi sulieri cxovrebis angariSi waredgina. magaliTad, giorgi mTawmidelis winaSe `mieriTgan iwyes aRsaarebad da sinanulad TviT mefeman, kaTalikozman, mRdelTa, diakonTa, monazon-
kurapalatma sTxova: `maSin kurapalatman hrqva mamasa grigols: - mefeTa israelisaTa Jamad-Jamad winaAswarmetyveli aRudginis RmerTman siqadulad maTTa da zRuded Sjulisa da Sesawevnelad
morwmuneTa da samxilebelad urwmunoTa. egreTve JamTa CvenTa Sen gamogaCina
RmerTman qristeaneTa siqadulad da raATa
Ta da moweseTa, didebulTa da mTavarTa, mdidarTa da glaxakTa. esreT mxurvaliTa sarwmunoebiTa moiswrafdes, vidremdis sazrdelsaca ZliT miviRebdiT.
da esreT gananaTla yoveli aRmosavleTi kacman aman, ganaTlebulman RmrTisa
mier, da yovelnive cxadni da dafarulni
uwesoebani ganhmarTna~. 112
grigol xan ZTelis cxovre ba, qar Tuli mwerloba, t. I, gv. 54 1; 109 cxo vreba g iorgi mT awm., q arT.
proz a, t. 1, 1987, gv. 111; 110 gio rgi me rCule, grigol xanZT elis c xovreb a, qarT uli mwerloba, t.
1, T b., 1987 , gv. 54 5; 111 cxo vreba giorgi mTawmidelisa, qarTul i mwerl oba, t . 2, Tb ., 1987 , gv. 111;
112
iqv e, gv. 111-112.
108
712
moZRvars ufleba hqonda eswavlebina
yovelTa dabadebulTa; Sen warmaval-
mefisaTvis, Tu rogori kandidati SeerCia saepiskoposo kaTedrebze. mefis ur-
Ta amaT JamTa mefe xar, xolo qriste

saukunoA meufeA da sruli hgies ucvale-
Cobis SemTxvevaSi mas SeeZlo misi mxileba, rogorc magaliTad giorgi mTawmidelma amxila bagrat mefe. aseve gamoCenil moZRvars SeeZlo mefisaTvis ekarnaxa, Tu rogori kandidati unda Seer-
beli, uJamo, dausabamo, dausrulebeli

meufeA angelozTa da kacTa. da ufroAs
Sensa jer ars smena sityvaTa misTa, romelmanca brZana, viTarmed vervis xelewifebis monebaA orTa ufalTaA, aramed
Cia sakaTalikoso kaTedraze, rogorc,

magaliTad, grigol xanZTelma urCia
aw sityviTa Zmisa da moZRvrisa Cemisa

grigolisiTa moved winaSe Sensa~. 114
guaram ma mfals. xelmwifis urCobis

SemTxvevaSi gamoCenil moZRvars SeeZlo
Tavisi kandidatura mainc gaeyvana sakaTa-
rogorc ukve aRiniSna, TviTon episkoposic ki moZRvars udides pativs scemda da zogjer Tavis Tavze maRla ay-
likoso kaTedraze. moZRvars aseve SeeZ-
enebda. mematiane wers: `nebiTa RmrTi-
lo emxilebina mefe uzneo saqcielis

SemTxvevaSi. Sinagani urCobis SemTxvevaSi
moZRvars SeeZlo keTilmorwmune mefe
aeZulebina gaekeTebina is, rasac urCev-
sa A Ta iqmna saba episkopos iSxansa zeda,

netarisa nerse kaTalikozisa aRSenebulsa
kaTolike eklesiasa da saydarsa missa,
romeli weliwadTa mravalTa daqvrive-
da, rogorc magaliTad, grigol xanZTeli moiqca kurapalatis mimarT misi

sayvarlis SemTxvevaSi. magram sruli
urCobis SemTxvevaSi moZRvars SeeZlo
bul iyo. aw kvalad iqmna sulieri qorwili da meored aReSena amis netarisa
mier, xolo xorcielad _ moRvawebiTa
RmrTismsaxurTa maT mefeTaATa. da ra-
wyevlismagvari winaswarmetyvelebiT mkacri sasjeli daedo urCi xelmwifisa da

misi STamomavlobisaTvis, rogorc, magaliTad, moiqca grigol xanZTeli adar-
Jams mamaA grigol stumrad miiwiis iSxans, episkoposman saydarsa igi dasvis
da TviT Tanadajdis, rameTu ara Tavs
idvis urCebaA netarisa grigolisi, vi-
nase mefis mimarT, roca man kanonieri

meuRle ganiSora. 113
moZRvrisa da xelmwifis, eklesiisa
da saxelmwifos urTierTdamokidebulebas I aTaswleulSi kargad gamoxatavs
naATgan moZRvar da uzeSTaes igi iyo.

da esreT waremarTa iSxani keTilad vidre aqamomde da ukunisamde~. 115
viTarca iqamde saukuneebiT adre
grigol xanZTelma, XI s-Sic moZRvarma
saba iSxnelisa da bagrat kurapalatis

cnobili Sesityveba: _ `jer ars xelmwifeTa morCileba, raAsaTvis ara mox-
giorgi mTawmidelma: `pirvelad yovlisa

aRlesa maxvili mxilebisaA mefeTa mimarT mravalTa uwesoebaTaTvis uSiSrad
ved pirvelsa wodebasa, wmidao mamao?

xolo man hrqva: _ didebulo mefeo, Sen
qveyanisa xelmwife xar, xolo qriste
zecisa da qveyanisa da qvesknelTa; Sen
da Tvaluxvavad, sibrZniT da gonierad,

raTa ara hyiddes saepiskoposoTa kacTa
mimarT uwesoTa uswavlelTa da yovliTurT soflisa SemsWvalulTa da uwe-
naTesavTa amaT mefe xar, xolo qriste
soebaTa da mimoslvaTa Sina aRzrdil-
qar Tuli mwerloba, t. I, 1987, gv. 563-606; qarTuli mwe rloba, t. II, 1987, gv. 112;
xanZ Telis cxovreb a, qar Tuli mwerloba, t. I, Tb., 1987, gv. 564; 115 iqv e, gv. 565.
113
114
grigol
713
Ta, aramed gamoarCevdes kacTa RirsTa
Semdgomadac moZRvarsa da episkoposs
da wmidaTa, monazonebasa Sina aRzrdilTa

da RmrTivsulierTa moZRvarTa mier wame-
Soris Zalze didi winaaRmdegoba arsebobda. saboloo jamSi, grigol xanZ-
bulTa, raTa locviTa da madliTa maTiTa mSvidobiT waremarTos mefobaA misi

da raTa ara mRdelTa uwesoebiTa da
codviTa eriskacnica daisajnen~. 116
moZRvars ufleba hqonda eswavlebina
Telis epoqaSi yovelTvis moZRvari imarjvebda, giorgi merCules aRweriT,

rogorc guaram mamfalis nebis winaaRmdeg sakaTalikoso taxtze arsenis ayvanis dros, ise anCeli episkoposis cqiris
TviT mRvdelmTavrebisTvisac ki. magaliTad, giorgi mTawmideli amxelda qarTv-
mimarTac. es ukanaskneli RvTis nebiT

gardaicvala moZRvris winaaRmdeg mo-
el mRvdelmTavrebs: `merme iwyo mRdelTmoZRvarTa mimarT, raTa TvalRebiT xeldasxm asa ara hy ofden da u RirsTa
qmedebis dros. guaram mamfalmac RvTisagan miiRo niSani, aseve xelmwife adarnasec daisaja grigol xanZTelis damoZRvris
mRdelTa ara akurTxevden da raTa amc-
Seusruleblobis gamo.
nebden maT mier kurTxeulTa mRdelTa

uRirsTa ara ziarebad da raTa ara Sehkrebden oqrosa da vecxlsa, aramed
umetes yovlisa swyalobden glaxakTa
moZRvarT-moZRvarTan dakavSirebiT ivane javaxiSvili, rogorc aRvniSeT, Semdegs wers: `moZRvarT-moZRvars Tavisi
`mowafeni~ hyavda. 11 7 mas da mis mowa-
da uRonoTa, da raTa ara uweso raAme

gina sxvaTa damabrkolebeli saqme ixilvebodis maT Soris, aramed mcnebasa
mas mociqulisasa Seudgen, viTarca mi-
feebs saqarTveloSi uRrmesi pativiscema hqondaT moxveWili. didi darbazobis

dros mas TviT kaTalikoszedac _ ki
meti upiratesoba hqonda miniWebuli. mag,
uweres timoTes~. 116

zemoT gamogvrCa da axla davamatebT,
rom moZRvars, rogorc sCans, ufleba
hqonda, pretenzia ganecxadebina saepisko-
rodesac `moZRvarT-moZRvari darbazs

awvion~-o, gagzavnon Sinauri darbazis
eri~, amasTanave `sami cxeni moZRvarTmoZRvrisTvis da orni misTa mowafe-
poso kandidatebis SerCevisas, msgavsad

giorgi mTawmidelisa, romelic TviT mefesac ki aswavlida, Tu rogori kandidatebi SeerCia saepiskoposo kaTedrebze.
as eve gr igo l x anZ Tel ic Tva lyu rs
TaTYs~-o~, naTqvamia `karis garigeba~Si. 118 darbazSiac pirvelad moZRvarT-moZRvari unda SeeyvanaT, xolo Semdgom kaTalikozi. 11 9 TviT mefec mas metis pativiscemiT unda mihsalmeboda, vidre
adevnebda episkoposebis qceva moqmedebas

da Tu raime niSniT ar moewoneboda romelime maTgani, kaTedridanac ki Camoag-
kaTalikozsa da vazirebs. `karis garigebaSi~-Si sweria: `moZRvarT-moZRvari,

rom mefes eTayvaneba, sapasuxod mas
debda. ase moiqca igi anCis episkoposis

cqiris mimarT, romelic kaTedridanac ki
Camoagdo, Tumca ki Semdgom kaTalikosis
mier mowveulma krebam kvlav aRadgina
`mefe noxTa pirsa moegebvis da moesalmebis~-o, 120 kaTalikozTa, mwignobarTuxucessa da samTa vazirTa misalmebis dros ki mefem `noxTa zeda mesame-
anCis kaTedraze episkoposi cqiri. amis
di warmoiaros~-o. 121
gio rgi mTawmidelis cxov reba, q arTuli mwerlob a, t. II, Tb. , 1986, gv. 112;
13 281 118 iqve , 13 27 9 - 281 ; 119 iqve 13 29 2- 29 3, 29 7 ; 120 iqve 13 29 5 .
116
117
kar is garig eba,
714
`xelmwifis karis garigebis~ cnobi-
miuCenia upirvelesi sapatio adgili im
Tac saxelmwifo darbazis sxdomebs eswreboden yvela vazirebi TavianT Ta-
òTx berTa~ Soris, romelnic idgnen

ara mxolod eklesiis, aramed saxelmwi-
naSemweebiTurT, umaRlesi samRvdeloeba kaTalikozisa da moZRvarT-moZRvris

meTaurobiT da mniSvnelovani monastre-
fos sammarTvelo saWesTan.

un da g am oiT qv as m os azr eb a, r om
moZRvris, rogorc aseTis, instituti
bis winamZRvarni, saqveynod gamrigeTagan ki ufrosi moxeleebi. 122
amoizarda pirvelqristianul xanaSi da

mas sakuTari wyaro aqvs. rogorc cno-
Wyondideli episkoposi aris mowafe

berisa (giorgi mTawmidelisa). 123
moZRvarTmoZRvari, maswavlebelTa maswavlebeli, umaRlesi saswavleblis reqt o ri s aR m n iS v n el i t er m i ni a Zv e l
bilia, `didaqe~ anu `Tormeti mociqulis swavleba~ ar moixseniebs mRvdlebs,

ar amed ep isk opos ebs , d iakv neb s,
winaswarmetyvelebs da moZRvrebs. episkoposTa warmoSoba cnobilia _ isini mo-
saqarTveloSi. gelaTis akademias xelmZRvanelobda specialuri Tanamdebobis piri,
ciqulebis memkvidreebi, maTgan amozrdilebi

i yvne n.
rogorc
Can s,
romelic moZRvarT-moZRvaris tituls

atarebda, gansxvavebiT `winamZRvrisagan~,
romelic gelaTSive samonastro saqmeebs
ganagebda.
s. yauxCiSvilis dakvirvebiT, termini `moZRvarT-moZRvari~ bizantiis umaRlesi skolis meTauris saxelwodebas
enaTesaveba (didaskalos ton didaskalon maswavlebelTa maswavlebeli).
qarTuli istoriuli wyaroebis mixedviT, moZRvarT-moZRvari metad pativcemuli, ganaTlebuli piria. misTvis upira-
`winaswarmetyvelT~, romelic didaqeSia

naxsenebi, II-III ss-Si qarTveli pirvel
qristianebi uwodebdnen saxels `mxadeli~, `mxadeli~ - igive `xadiliT~ moaruli kacia, ioane naTlismcemlis msgavsad,
romelic qadagebs, amJamad mRvdlis mTavari movaleoba qadagebaa. rogorc
garkveulia sityva `mxadelisaganaa~ miRebuli sityva - `mRdeli~ da Semdgom
mRvdeli. amave sityva `xadili~-sagan
unda iyos miRebuli `qadagi~, qadageba.
`didaqeSi~ - sxvaa winaswarmetyveli
tesi uflebebis miniWeba eTanxmeboda

gelaTis akademiis did sazogadoebrivkulturul mniSvnelobas. Semdgomi drois
dokumentebSi moZRvarTmoZRvari ukve zogierTi monastris winamZRols erqva.
albaT imitom, rom am monastrebTan
garkveuli saxis saswavleblebi arsebobda. termini gvxvdeba XIX s-mde. 124
SesaZloa vifiqroT, rom ruis-urbnisis wmida krebam `moZRvarTa~ insti-
da sxvaa moZRvari. 125

didaqes mixedviT ac, winaswarmetyvels Tavisi warmoSobis wyaro aqvs da
sxva saqmianobas eweva, xolo moZRvars
aseve Tavisi gansxvavebuli warmoSobis
wyaro aqvs da winaswarmetyvelisagan gansxvavebuli saqmianobis sfero aqvs, anu
sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, moZRvari
ar aa m Rvd eli anu mxa deli -mo qada ge
winaswarmetyveli. aramed, rogorc aRin-
tutis Sesustebis sanacvlod aamaRla

`moZRvarT-moZRvaris~ statusi da mas
iSna, pirvelqristianTa maswavlebeli,

romelsac didaqeSi pirdapir ewodeba -
kar is gar igeba, 13 29 5 iv. javaxiSvili, Txzuleb ani, t . VII, 1984, g v. 51-52; 122 iqv e, gv. 12-19; iv.
javaxiSvili, t. VII, Tb. , 1984, gv. 182; 123 nar kveveb i aTonis keris istor iidan, 1996, gv. 215; 124
qse, t. VII, Tb., 1984 w., gv. 156; 125 `didaqe, j vari v azisa, 1988, # 3, gv. 34.
121
715
`moZRvari~ - maswavlebeli. `didaqes~
mis mimdevrebs uwodebdnen `mowafeebs~.
mixedviT, Cans, pirvel qristianul saukuneebSi erTmaneTis gverdiT arsebuli
aseve yofila saxarebis qadagebis pirvel periodSic, qristianobis pirvel
episkoposTa, diakonTa, winaswarmetyvelTa

(igive mRvdelTa) da moZRvarTa institutebi Tanaarsebobdnen da erT wmida
saRmrTo saqmes aRasrulebdnen warmarTTa
Soris qristianobis gavrcelebis epoqa-
saukuneebSi. zogjer termini `mowafe~

termin qristianis sinonimic iyo (`Tan
gamogvyva agreTve zogierTi mowafe kesariidan da mogviyvanes mnasonTan, erT
Zvel kviprosel mowafesTan, visTanac
Si. magram xalxSi qristianobis ganmtkicebis Semdgom, Cans, Tavisi funqciebi
Rame unda gagveTia~, saq. 21, 16. agreTve

sxva magaliTebi saqme 9 da 10). adreu-
dakarga `moZRvarma~ - rogorc damoukidebelma subieqturma institutma es unda
li qristianuli Temi Tavis Tavs ganixilavda rogorc skolas, sadac is iRebda swavlebas erTiani moZRvrisagan~ -
momxdariyo romis da Semdeg bizantiis

imperiaSi, magram, Cans, aRmosavleTis ek-
ieso qristesagan. 126
lesiebSi maT didxans SeinarCunes Tavisi damoukidebloba, somxeTSi gadaiqcnen `vardapetad~, xolo qarTlSi cnobil `moZRvrad~.
SesaZloa vifiqroT, rom XI s-is Semdeg, rac qarTuli eklesia Seecada ukidu resa d d ams gavs ebo da berZ nul s,
risTvisac ramdenjerme redaqtirebul
moZRvreba, e.i. maswavlebloba varaudobs ara marto informaciis miwodebas

qristesTan dakavSirebul swavlebasa da
movaleobebze, aramed maT ganmartebas
iqna wmida werili gamoica `didi sjuliskanoni~ da sxva, berZnuli eklesiis gavleniT `moZRvrobis~ institutma dakarga funqcia ruis-urbnisis krebis Sesa-
raTa iudevelebi SemeZina, rjulis qveS

myofTaTvis, rogorc rjulis qveS myofi, Tumca TviTon rjulis qveS ara myofi, raTa rjulis qveS rjulSi myofni
bamisi muxlis akrZalviTac.

amis Semdeg `moZRvari~ ukve daerqva
mRvdels, romelic am Tavis funqcias
ukve iRebda episkoposisagan xeldasmis
Sedegad.
rogorc iTqva, moZRvrobis institutis Sekvecis sakompensaciod Cans `moZRvarT-moZRvari~ viTarca didi Tanamde-
SemeZina...~ (I kor. 9, 20-22).

ieso niSnavs mociqulebs, winaswarmetyvelebsa da moZRvrebs (I kor. 13,
28), romelTac avalebs gadmoscen ara
Tavisi sakuTari ideebi an sakuTari si-
bobis piri Seiyvanes xelmwifis karze

òTxTa berisagan~ Semdgar sabWoSi.
àxali aRTqmis mixedviT, ieso qriste
Tavis miwieri moRvaweobis dros moqmedeb-
asrulebdnen ZiriTad rols adgilobrivi

Temebis cxovrebaSi. mosanaTlebs an kaTakmevelebs unda gaevloT sagangebo momzadeba qristianuli Temis wevrad rom
da rogorc `rabini~, anu moZRvari da
mieRoT. maswavleblebi pirvel yovlisa
ise, rom misawvdomi iyos aRqmisaTvis

sxvadasxva sazogadoebasa da kulturebSi.
wmida pavle mociquli ambobs: ìudevelebisaTvis gavxdi, rogorc iudeveli,
brZne, aramed samociqulo WeSmariteba

qristes aRdgomis Sesaxeb. 127
I-II ss-Si moZRvrebi (maswavleblebi)
dek anozi ioane meindorf i, `saR vTisme tyvelo ganaTle ba pat ristul da bizantiur epoqebSi da
misi gakve Tilebi Cveni droisaTvis~, jvari vazisa, 1989, gv. 51; 127 jvari vazisa, 19 89, gv. 52.
126
716
aq iyo saWiro. kaTakmevlebis damrige-
savleTSi sawinaaRmdego tendenciebsac
blebi iyvnen gansakuTrebuli `maswavleblebi~, anu didaskalos _ Tanamedrove
hqonia adgili!). 129

didaskaloi-ebs Tavisufali inteleq-
RvTismetyvelis msgavsni. qadageba mimarTuli evqaristuli Temisadmi liturgiis

dros Sedioda episkoposis funqciaSi,
maswavleblebi ki mimarTavdnen imiT, vinc
ar iyo Temis wevri.
tualuri miswrafebani gamoumJRavnebiaT, amitomac èklesiur~ maswavleblebTan

daZabuloba hqoniaT.
`daZabuloba da konfliqti episkoposebsa da didaskaloi-ebs Soris isto-
III s-Si warmoiSva daZabuloba `saidumloebriv struqtura eklesiasa (ec-
riulad gadailaxa IV s-Si, rodesac

didi kapadokieli mamebis saxiT, episko-
clesia) da zogierTi maswavleblis~ (didaskaloi) moRvaweobas Soris~. 128

klimenti aleqsandrielis xelmZRv-
posebma TviT Seimecnes didaskaloi-ebis

problemebi, Seiswavles origenis ideebi... miiRes berZnuli warmarTuli si-
anelobiT katexizisuri skola ramde-
brZnis sinatife~. 130
nadme daSorda eklesiis cxovrebas. misi

`maswavlebloba naklebad èklesiuri~
gaxda~. 128 aseve Seitanes eWvi origenis
uflebaSi eswavlebina, radgan is ar
aRmosavleTSi, rogorc Cans, moZRvar-maswavleblebma eklesiebSi didxans

SeinarCunes avtoriteti (igulisxmeba imperiis sazRvargareT). XII s-Si moZR-
iyo xeldasxmuli presviteri. `droebani Seicvalnen da axali aRTqmis tituli `maswavlebeli~ (didaskalos) ukve
aRar iTvleboda sakmarisad avtoritet-
varTa da episkoposTa Soris qarTul

eklesiaSi arsebuli dava-daZabuloba
gadaWra ruis-urbnisis krebam, romelma c Se zR ud a mo ZR va rT a ri cx vi d a
ulad. samaswavleblo funqciebi ekuTvnodaT episkoposebs Tu ara presviterebs.

mainc: ...presviterebs daevalaT maswavlebloba... es tendencia gulisxmobda
amasTanave moZRvris funqcia gadasca mxolod nakurTx mRvdels, anu procesma,

romelic berZnul eklesiaSi gadaiWra
III-IV ss-Si, qarTulSi Tavi iCina XI s-
e kl es i aS i s am a sw av l eb lo fu n qc ii s
garkveul `klerikalizacias~. 129 (aRmo-
Si da gadaiWra XII s-is dasawyisSi ruisurbnisis krebis mier.
128
jvari vazisa, 1989 , gv. 53;
129
iqv e, gv. 54;
130
jvari vazisa, 19 89, gv. 54.
717
zogadi d a s k v n a
daskvna `sakanonmdeblo krebebisa~ (XII-XX ss)
saeklesio samarTali saukuneTa manZilze Seiswavleba marTlmadidebel msoflioSi,

CvenSi
is SedarebiT
axali
samecniero
dargia, amitomac
Sesabamisad
mniSvnelovania
saqarTvelos
saeklesio krebebis
mier gamocemuli
samarTlis
Zeglebis erTad Tavmoyra da maTi analizi. naSromSi `saqarTvelos saeklesio
krebebi~ gamovlenili, gaanalizebuli da Seswavlili iqna IV-XX ss-Si Semdgari
ramdenime aTeuli
saeklesio
kreba,
isini daiyo
garkveuli
sistemisa
da
qronologiis Sesabamisad. kerZod, calke jgufad gamovyaviT krebebi, romelTac
kanonSemoqmedebiTad iRvawes, aseve gaerTiandnen krebebi, romelTac mimdinare
sakiTxebi ganixiles, magram kanonebi ar gamouciaT. Tavis mxriv, mimdinare
saeklesio krebebi or jgufad gavyaviT, pirvelSi moxvdnen krebebi, romelnic
Sedgnen avtokefaliis gauqmebamde, meoreSi ki avtokefaliis aRdgenidan dRemde.
maT Soris, calke jgufis saxiT movaTavseT is msoflio da saerTaSoriso
mniSvnelobis saeklesio krebebi, romelTa muSaobaSi saqarTvelos episkoposebma
miiRes monawileoba. Sesabamisad, naSromSi Sevida 15 sakanonmdeblo kreba, Semdgarni
XII-XX ss-Si, 21 mimdinare kreba Semdgarni IV-XVIII ss-Si, XIX-XX ss-Si Semdgari
50 mimdinare kreba, maT Soris, rogorc aRiniSna, moTavsebulia 9 msoflio anda
saerTaSoriso mniSvnelobis saeklesio
kreba, romelTa muSaobaSic qarTvelma
episkoposebma miiRes monawileoba.
saqarTvelos saeklesio krebebis SeswavliT kidev erTxel dadasturda, rom
saqarTvelos wmida eklesia uwyveti Tanamonawile iyo diadi msoflio saeklesio
cxovrebisa, amitomac SeZlo man wmida mamaTa azriT, sarwmunoebis wmidad dacva
mociqulTa
droidan
Cvens
dromde. saqarTvelos
saxelmwifo da
saeklesio
samarTali imTaviTve civilizebuli msoflios samarTlis sferos ganekuTvneboda.
radganac saqarTvelos
adgilobrivi krebebis mier gamocemuli samarTali
mTlianad gamomdinareobs
msoflio
saeklesio
krebebis samarTlidan,
amitom
naSromis SesavalSi zogadad mimoxilulia msoflio da adgilobrivi krebebi, maTi
kanonebis cnobili komentarebi, agreTve marTlmadidebel msoflioSi Sedgenili
nomokanonebi da samarTlis sxva Zeglebi. naSromis erTi Tavi mTlianad eZRvneba
msoflio saeklesio samarTlis qarTuli Targmanis problemebs.
CvenTvis gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania kvleva saqarTvelos saeklesio samarTlis
wyaroebisa. sazogadod, saeklesio samarTalmcodneebi samarTlis wyaroebs yofen or
jgufad,
pirvelSi igulisxmeba
pirebi
da
institutebi, romelTac
Seqmnes
samarTlis normebi, meore ki warmoadgens dokumentebsa da werilobiT Zeglebs,
718
romlebSic gadmocemulia aRniSnuli normebi, es ukanasknelni (dokumentebi da

Zeglebi) TiTqmis sisruliT, qrestomaTiuli saxiTaa warmodgenili mTel naSromSi
Sesabamisi
krebebis ganxilvisas.
CvenTvis saintereso
iyo
kvleva
samarTlis
wyaroebis pirveli jgufisa _ gamovlena im institutebisa da pirebis, romelTac
Seqmnes qarTuli saeklesio samarTlis normebi. Tuki eklesia avtokefaluria, misi
samarTlis erT-erTi umTavresi wyaroa sakuTari krebebis mier miRebuli dadgenilebani, xolo Tu ar aris avtokefaluri, maSin zemdgomi eklesiis dadgenilebani. am mxriv, CemTvis SeiZleba iTqvas, sasiamovno aRmoCena iyo is, rom wyaroTa
kvlevam,
kerZod krebaTa
Seswavlam, mTlianad
daadastura Zveli
qarTuli
saeklesio istoriografiis dabejiTebuli mtkicebani saeklesio samarTlisaTvis
mniSvnelovani momentebisa, misi uZvelesi avtokefaliis, saqarTvelos eklesiis
iurisdiqciis sazRvrebis, saeklesio enis da sxvaTa Sesaxeb, romelnic gamowvlilviT, xazgasmiTaa naSromSi ganxiluli epoqaTa Sesabamisad.1
saeklesio krebaTa analizi aCvenebs Semdegs:
IV-V ss-Si eklesia Zlier politikur da ideologiur gavlenas axdenda mTel
imdroindel sazogadoebriv urTierTobasa da yofacxovrebaze, sazogadoebis msoflmxedveloba, kultura, zne-Cveuleba da samarTali religiuri suliskveTebiT iyo
gamsWvaluli.
VI s-Si sparseTis agresiam safuZveli Seuryia qarTul saxelmwifoebriobas,
xolo VII s-dan arab dampyrobTa mier Zveli qarTuli samefo dinastiis
(gorgaslis STamomavalTa) devna dasrulda am dinastiis mospobiT. Semdgom,
TandaTan
saqarTvelos kuTxeebSi
Camoyalibda adgilobrivi
saxelmwifoebrivi
erTeulebi (igulisxmeba àfxazTa~, `qarTvelTa~, hereTis, taSir-Zoraketis samefoebi, kaxeTis saqorepiskoposo, Tbilisis saamiro). yvela am erTeulis mosaxleobis
umravlesobas aerTianebda qarTuli eklesia, viTarca Tavis mrevls. VI s. Semdgom
samarTlebrivi saxiT Semdegi suraTi Camoyalibda: dapyrobaTa da xSir ajanyebaTa,
agreTve, Zvel politikur erTeulTa daSlisa da axalTa warmoqmnis gamo, qveynis
mTel sivrceSi warmoiqmna samarTlebrivi qaosi. Zveli wesrigi moiSala, xolo
axlis Camoyalibebas esaWiroeboda saukuneebi. aseTi samarTlebrivi qaosis dros
qarTulma eklesiam, kerZod ki misma saepiskoposoebma Tavisi mrevlis interesebidan
gamomdinare, SeZlo regionebsa da kuTxeebSi gadaqceuliyo adgilobrivi kanonierebisa da wesierebis (wesrigis) kerebad. amis Sedegad VI-IX ss-Si qarTulma eklesiam
moipova saxelmwifoebrivi sxeulis Tvisebebi. man SeZlo, rom mis (e.i. saeklesioadministraciul) samarTals
daqvemdebareboda regionebSi
erTmaneTTan
TiTqmis
mudmivad mebrZoli saero xelisufalnic ki (naSromSi amis mravali magaliTia
moyvanili, am periodis samarTlis Zeglebidan Cans, rom saeklesio samarTlis
iurisdiqcia saero saqmeebzec vrceldeboda).
aseT viTarebaSi, eklesiam moipova didi avtoriteti da warmoadgenda did
Zalas mTeli qveynis cxovrebaSi. igi zogierT regionSi upiratesobis mopovebas
cdilobda saeroze, mas xeli miuwvdeboda da SeeZlo zegavlena moexdina saerosamoqalaqo samarTalze da saWiroebis dros qveynis (regionis) mmarTvelobis
sadaveebis aRebac SeeZlo Tavis xelSi. am mdgomareobam Tavisi asaxva hpova
samarTlis Zeglebze, rasac migviTiTebs, e.w. `bagrat kurapalatis samarTali~,
romelic IX s. samarTlis Zegladaa aRiarebuli. am samarTliT `meore mefe
episkoposi aris da qristianTa sjulisa damamtkicebeli~ (aRbuRas samarTlis 101,
102, 103-e
muxlebi). iv.
javaxiSvilis
sityviT,
am
epoqaSi
`samRvdeloeba
mTavarepis koposi a. jaf ariZe, saqarTv elos ek lesiis istoriis wyar oebi, p eriodiz acia da saekl esio
isto riografia, T b., 20 02.
1
719
saqarTveloSi sruli batoni iyo da saero mTavrobaze maRla eWira Tavi~.2

eklesiis am did Zalaze miuTiTebs saeklesio krebebic.
n. maris sityviT, `Zvel saqarTveloSi saero da sasuliero Zalauflebis
erToba warmoadgenda udavo faqts~. bizantiaSi, n. maris sityviT, xatmebrZolobis
epoqaSi umaRlesi saero moxeleebi da episkoposebi emxrobodnen im Tvalsazriss,
rom imperators Tval-yuri edevnebina eklesiisaTvis da waremarTa kidec misi
saqmianoba, xolo meore mxares idgnen marTlmadidebeli berebi da episkoposebi.
saqarTveloSi gaimarjva am meore mimarTulebam, aq eklesia Zlier Zalad grZnobda
Tavs, ramac asaxva hpova saeklesio krebaTa mier gamocemul ZeglebSi.
ruis-urbnisis krebam urTierToba moawesriga eklesiasa da saxelmwifos Soris,
kerZod maT Soris aRsdga is simfoniuri urTierToba, romelic damaxiasiaTebeli
iyo wm. mefe mirianisa da mefe vaxtang gorgaslis epoqisaTvis. amas xeli Seuwyo
saxelmwifos gaerTianebam, raSic eklesias udidesi wvlili miuZRoda.
Cans, saero da sasuliero Zalauflebis simfoniuri Tavmoyra aRiarebuli iqna
ruis-urbnisis krebis mier. mwignobarTuxuces-Wyondidelis, viTarca
saxelmwifoSi
mefis Semdeg meore saxelisuflo piris Tanamdebobis daweseba am faqtis erTi
niSania. saqarTvelos saeklesio krebebs iwvevda mefe, amave dros, saxelmwifo
darbazs, Cans imis gamo, rom igi Tavisi SemadgenlobiT gamoxatavda urRvev
kavSirs saxelmwifo da saeklesio xelisuflebas Soris, ufleba eniWeboda ganexila
saeklesio sakiTxebi da mieRo dadgenileba. amis mizezi iyo is, rom darbazobisas
`xelmwifis karze~ ikribeboda qveynis yvela nawilis episkopati (`zemo~ da `qvemo
mamulebidan~, anu aRmosavleT da dasavleT saqarTvelodan), mniSvnelovani monastrebis winamZRvrebi da, cxadia, saero xelisuflebis umaRlesi fena, romelic,
Tavis mxriv, eklesiis mrevls warmoadgenda. darbazobis umTavresi birTvi iyo
`xelmwifis kari~. es iyo saxelmwifo mmarTvelobis umaRlesi organo, romelic,
Tavis mxriv, aseve gamoxatavda mTlianobas saero da saeklesio xelisuflebisa,
kerZod, `xelmwifis kari~ Sedgeboda mefisa da 4 didi berisagan. es òTxi beri~
iyo: qarTlisa da afxazeTis kaTolikosebi, mwignobarTuxucesi e.i. Wyondideli
episkoposi da moZRvarT-moZRvari. am oTx bers (e.i. kaTolikosebs, mwignobarTuxucessa da moZRvarT-moZRvars) gansakuTrebuli ufleba-movaleobani hqondaT saqveyno da saeklesio marTvis saqmeSi, kerZod isini eklesiis mmarTvelebi iyvnen,
romelnic `darbazis kars~ - saxelmwifo sammarTvelo organos qmnidnen. amiT unda
yofiliyo gamowveuli mematianis mtkiceba `darbazis karidan~ saeklesio wesebis
gamocemebis Sesaxeb - `monasterni da saepiskoposoni da yovelni eklesiani wessa
da rigsa locvisasa da yovlisa saeklesiosa gangebisasa darbazis kariT miiRebdian,
viTarca kanonsa ucdomelsa da yovlad Sueniersa da dawyobilsa, keTilwesierebasa
locvisa da marxvisasa~.3 imaves adasturebs `xelmwifis karis garigebac~.4 amave
mizeziTve unda yofiliyo gamowveuli is, rom saxelmwifo darbazi, romlis
Semadgenlobac zemoT vaxseneT, saeklesio sakiTxebis ganxilvis dros faqtiurad
gadaiqceoda xolme saeklesio krebad, mas, rogorc aRiniSna, eswrebodnen mefe,
kaTolikosebi, umaRlesi sasuliero xelisufalni, qveynis orive nawilis episkoposebi, monastrebis winamZRvrebi da maTi mrevli _ saero xelisufleba da
darbaiselni. amiT gamoixateboda saero da saeklesio xelisuflebis erTiani
Zalauflebrivi mmarTveloba
saerTo centridan, rac
gamoxatavda simfoniur
urTierTobas qarTul saxelmwifosa da eklesias Soris.
iv. javaxiSvili, Txzule bani 12 tomad, t. VI, 1982, gv. 9 0;
Zeg l., II, gv. 82.
2
qar Tlis c xovreb a, I, gv. 352;
720
rogorc aRiniSna, Cvens mier saeklesio krebebi dayofili iqna or ZiriTad

jgufad,
esenia sakanonmdeblo
da
mimdinare
krebebi. winamdebare
naSromSi
gaanalizebulia XII-XX ss-Si Semdgari 15 sakanonmdeblo kreba:
1.
ruis-urbnisis
saeklesio kreba,
Semdgari 1103
(1104)
wels,
romlis
gamocemuli samarTali dayofilia kanonebad. krebis `Zegliswera~ ZiriTadad
gadmoscems macxovris qveynad mosvlis mizezebsa da mniSvnelobas, Tu rogor
`mogveca pirvelad bunebiTi da merme dawerili rjuli~, aRwers, Tu ra didi
mniSvneloba
aqvs `qristesmoyvare
eris sasuliero
dasTan erTxmobas~,
rom
àmisaTvis iqmna qristesmoyvare da RvTivdaculi mefeebis mier RvTismoyvare
episkoposebisa da RvTis-saTnomyofeli mamebis krebebis mowveva drodadro, rom
saqmiT srulyofili sarwmunoebiT RmerTTan SeaerTon qristianebi~, krebas udidesi
mniSvneloba hqonda eklesiisa da saxelmwifos Semdgomi gaZlierebisaTvis.
2. sakanonmdeblo kreba mowveuli mefe giorgi brwyinvales mier (1335).
krebaSi monawileobda saqarTvelos patriarqi (`wmida meufe qarTlis kaTalikosi
evfTvime~) da episkopati. isini, saero xelisuflebis pirvel pirebTan erTad
sakanonmdeblo muSaobas warmarTavdnen imJamindeli wesis Tanaxmad, amitomac Tumca
krebis mier gamocemuli kanonebi ZiriTadad samoqalaqo `msoflio~ samarTlis
sferos ganekuTvneba, magram TviT krebis gansazRvrebiT maTSi gadmocemulia
`sasjulo saqme da saeklesio, risic ginda sasaqmosa-kacis mkvlelTa, eklesiis
mkrexelTa, colis gamgdebelTa anu warmgvrelTa~. maT saeklesio samarTlis sferos
akuTvnebdnen. krebis `Zeglis dadeba~ Sedgeba Sesavlisa da 46 muxlisagan, maT
Soris ramdenime saeklesioa. kreba saxelmwifo darbazis sxdomas warmoadgenda.
3. Wulevis sakanonmdeblo kreba (1381-1386). krebam ganixila da uklebliv
daamtkica iqamde 70-80 wliT adre Sedgenili beqa mandaturTuxucesis samarTali,
romelsac daurTo 33 muxli, romelic aRbuRa aTabag-amirspasalaris samarTlis
saxeliTaa amJamad cnobili. amasTanave, krebam aRniSnul (beqasa da aRbuRas)
kanonebs daurTo ZvelTaganve arsebuli e.w. `bagrat kurapalatis samarTalis~
muxlebi. sabolood ki, krebam aRniSnul samarTlis wignebs daurTo Tavis, TviT
Wulevis saeklesio krebis mierve Sedgenili e.w. kanonikuri samarTlis 10 muxli.
amiT WulevSi Sedgenili iqna samarTlis axali krebuli, romelic sul 170
muxlisagan Sedgeboda (krebuli muxlebad Semdeg iqna dayofili). Wulevis krebac
saxelmwifo (samTavros) darbazis sxdomas warmoadgenda. aqamde miiCneoda, rom
`beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis~ cnobil krebuls saboloo saxe mieca XVII-XVIII ss-Si,
Cveni kvlevis Tanaxmad es samuSao
Seasrula Wulevis krebam.
4. daaxloebiT 1470-1474 wlebSi Sedga e.w. `caiS-bediis saeklesio kreba~,
romlis iniciatorma antioqiis patriarqma gamosca `mcneba sasjulo~. aRniSnul
wlebSi
dasavleT saqarTveloSi Casul antioqiis patriarqs mixeils ucdia
`qarTveli eris saukeTeso SvilTa mier saukuneTa brZoliT monapovari qarTuli
eklesiis Tavisuflebis mospoba~, magram rogorc garkveulia, man es ver SeZlo.
mis mier gamocemuli samarTali CamoTvlis ZiriTadad xalxis zneobrivi dacemis
aRmofxvrisaTvis saWiro RonisZiebebs da Seicavs 43 muxls.
5. daaxloebiT 1543-1549 wlebSi, rogorc Cans, biWvinTaSi Sedga saeklesio
kreba, romelmac gamosca `kaTalikosTa samarTali~. es samarTali asaxavs maSindeli
721
yofa-cxovrebis sinamdviles.
mimarTulia
`kacis
syidvis~,
saeklesio
qonebis
gamtacebelTa, saeklesio kanonebisa da qristianuli zneobis damrRvevTa winaaRmdeg,
udgens normebs episkoposebs, samarTals uCens mefisa da qveynis moRalateebs.
kaTalikosTa samarTali mTel saqarTveloSi moqmedi sjuli iyo. Seicavs 22 muxls.
krebaSi dasavleT saqarTvelos episkoposebTan erTad monawileobda saqarTvelos
kaTalikoz-patriarqi malaqia da afxazeTis kaTalikosi evdemoni.
6. 1702 wlis saeklesio krebis `ganCineba samonastro wesis Taobaze~ marTalia
konkretulad
daviT-garejis samonastro
cxovrebis mosawesrigeblad
gamoica,
magram zogadeklesiuri mniSvneloba hqonda saqarTvelos monastrebisaTvis. Seicavs
sul 6 muxls.
7. vaxtang VI-m ìgulismodgina da Semokribna yovelni wignni samarTlisani,
romelni JamTa viTarebiTa mimodabneuli iyo. es yoveli moiZia, ipova da moiSova
friadiTa SromiTa~. vaxtang VI-m Seqmna samarTlis wignTa cnobili krebuli da
Tavisi SemoqmedebiTi namuSakevi daamtkicebina krebas, romelic Sedgeboda kaTalikosisa da episkoposebisagan. umaRles sasuliero ierarqiasTan erTad krebas, viTarca
saxelmwifo darbazis sxdomas, eswrebodnen didebulni da darbaiselni. vaxtangs
1706-1709 wlebSi Semdgari krebis `damowmeba da nebadarTva~ esaWiroeboda, raTa
misi `samarTali~ qveyanaSi amoqmedebuliyo. samarTlis im muxlebs, romelTac
eklesiisaTvis mniSvneloba hqonda Tan vurTavT aRniSnul krebas.
8. mahmadianTa mmarTvelobisas 1632-1744 wlebSi, aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi
socialurad da ekonomikurad dauZlurda qarTuli eklesia da sazogadod Seirya
qristianuli zneobriobis siwminde, amitomac samefo taxtze Teimuraz I-is,
viTarca qristiani mefis, asvlis Semdeg marTlmadidebelma eklesiam aRidgina
Tavisi uflebebi. saqmis swrafi gamosworebis mizniT, kaTalikosi anton I ramdenime
weli amzadebda da 1748 wels moiwvia kreba, romelsac Cven `Tbilisis III
saeklesio kreba~ vuwodeT (Tbilisis I da II krebebi Sedga XII s-Si da maT
kanonebi ar gamouciaT). 1748 wels krebam gamosca samarTlis Zegli, romelsac
`kanonni~ uwoda. iyofa 27 muxlad.
9. 1759 wels imereTis mefe solomon I-ma moiwvia saeklesio kreba, romelic
saxelmwifo darbazis sxdomas warmoadgenda, masSi eklesiis umaRles ierarqTa da
episkoposebTan erTad monawileobda dasavleT saqarTvelos mefe-mTavrebi da
didebulebi. krebam akrZala tyveTa syidva, aRadgina saepiskoposo kaTedrebi,
daubruna eklesias iqamde mitacebuli mamulebi, gadasaxadisagan gaaTavisufla
saeklesio ymebi, aukrZala saero xelisufalT saeklesio mflobelobaSi Careva.
gamosca `xeliTwerili~, romelic umkacresad krZalavs tyveTa syidvas, Seicavs
mowodebas mahmadiani agresorebis winaaRmdeg brZolisaken, avaldebulebs Tavis
moqalaqeebs saTanado pativi miagon `sarwmunoebasa da mefis erTgulebisaTvis
Tavdadebuls~.
10. XVIII s. II naxevarSi erovnul-qristianuli saxelmwifoebriobis aRdgenis
Semdeg saeklesio krebebma kvlav daibrunes mahmadianTa mmarTvelobis dros
dakninebuli uflebani da gamosces Sesabamisi zneobrivi saxis dadgenilebani. 1762
wels gamoica `dadgenilebani saeklesio krebisa saepiskoposoTa marTvis Sesaxeb~,
722
1768 wels gamoica mefe erekle II-isa da anton I-is `gansazRvreba~ episkoposTa
mimarT:
`mcneba
mRvdelTaTvis~, Seicavs
35
muxls,
1777 wels
afxazeTis
kaTalikosma maqsimem gamosca miTiTeba Tavis samwysos mimarT, romelic Seicavs 10
muxls, 1793 wels gamoica `kanonTa ganmweseba codvilTaTvis anton II-is mier~,
Seicavs 10 muxls.
11-15. naSromSi ganxilulia saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis aRdgenis Semdeg
Semdgari sakanonmdeblo krebaTa mier gamocemuli `marTva-gamgeobis debulebani~
(1917, 1920, 1927, 1937(1945), 1995
wlebisa, mocemulia debulebaTa sruli
teqstebi).
am droisaTvis saqarTvelos dakarguli hqonda damoukidebloba, saxelmwifo
wyobileba aTeisturi mimarTulebisa iyo, eklesia saxelmwifosagan kanonmdeblobiT
iyo gamoyofili, xolo skola eklesiisagan. marTlac XX s-Si Semdgari yvela
sakanonmdeblo kreba aCvenebs, rom saqarTvelos eklesias am periodSi ukve
mTlianad aqvs dakarguli saxelmwifoebrivi sxeulis niSan-Tvisebani, misi samarTali
mTlianadaa mowyvetili saxelmwifo samarTlisagan, Tuki Zvel saqarTveloSi (XIX
s-mde) saeklesio samarTlis iurisdiqcia garkveulwilad saero saqmeebzec vrceldeboda, axla aRniSnul debulebebSi amis niSan-wyalic ar arsebobs, misi samarTali
ukve kerZo, ganyenebuli, sazogadoebisagan mowyvetili organizaciis samarTals
ufro emsgavseba, romelic mxolod Sinagani wes-wyobilebis mogvarebiTaa dakavebuli da ara mTeli qveynisa da eris samarTlisa. Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom
aRniSnul periodSi saqarTveloSi sul 50-mde saeklesio samrevlo moqmedebda da
eklesias erisagan uZlieresi saxelmwifo sistema hyofda, XX s-Si Seqmnili
viTareba gasagebi xdeba. rogorc aRniSnuli iyo, am mxriv sul sxvagvaria IV-XVIII
ss-Ta samarTali.
`sakanonmdeblo krebebis~ ZiriTadi daskvna.
mZime sagareo da saSinao viTarebiT gamowveul danaSaulTa sixSirisa da

siRrmis gamo, romelTa aRmosafxvrelad sakmarisi ar iyo saero xelisufalTa
(mefisa da erisTavTa) Zalaufleba, saWiro gaxda eklesiis avtoriteti da misi
qmediTi Careva, ramac asaxva hpova samarTlis ZeglebSi. saxelmwifoSi eklesiis
rolis amaRlebis gamo saero samarTlisa da samoqalaqo cxovrebis mTeli rigi
sakiTxebi kanonikuri samarTlis normebiT wesrigdeboda da saeklesio sasamarTloebis kompetencias Seadgenda.
(mTel qveyanaSi kaTalikosisa da regionebSi episkoposebis iurisdiqciis Sesaxeb
migviTiTebs mawyvereli episkoposis magaliTi: awyuris episkoposis sasamarTlos
eqvemdebareboda mTeli rigi mniSvnelovani sisxlisa da samoqalaqo samarTlis
saqmeebi, igi, aTabagTan erTad, axorcielebda umaRles sasamarTlo xelisuflebas,
mis kompetenciaSi Sedioda mZime saxelmwifo danaSauli. aTabagisa da mawyverelis
sasamarTlo xelisufleba SeerTebuli iyo da mas sisxlis samarTlis dargSi
Sereuli xasiaTi hqonda, amasTanave eklesia awesrigebda samoqalaqo, saojaxo da
memkvidreobiT urTierTobebsac).
saqarTvelos eklesiam Tavidanve SeiZina saxelmwifoebrivi sxeulis niSanTvisebani, amitomac misi samarTlebrivi mxare saxelmwifo samarTalTan iyo
dakavSirebuli da zogierT periodSi saeklesio samarTlis iurisdiqcia saero
saqmeebzec vrceldeboda. rogorc wesi, (garda ramdenime mniSvnelovani gamonakli-
723
sisa) saqarTveloSi saeklesio krebas warmoadgenda saxelmwifo darbazis sxdoma.

kerZod, saeklesio sakiTxebis garCevis anda ganxilvis dros saxelmwifo darbazi
gardaiqmneboda saeklesio krebad. amis uflebas iZleoda is garemoeba, rom
saxelmwifo darbazis meTaurebi iyvnen saxelmwifos upirvelesi pirebi: ori
kaTalikosi (e.i. qarTlisa da afxazeTis kaTalikosebi), mwignobarTuxuces-Wyondideli da moZRvarT-moZRvari, xolo darbaiselTa Soris
mniSvnelovan
nawils
warmoadgendnen episkoposebi da sasuliero pirebi. krebas am SemadgenlobiT (e.i.
sasuliero da saero pirebis monawileobiT) ufleba eniWeba mefis TanamonawileobiT
an brZanebiT saeklesio sakiTxebis gadaWrisa. e.i. saTanado SemTxvevebSi darbazis
kari
viTarca saeklesio
kreba
iRebda
da scemda
Sesabamis kanonebsa
da
dadgenilebebs, romelic ara mxolod saeklesio, aramed saero samarTlis sferos
ganekuTvneboda da gamoxatavda saero da sasuliero Zalauflebis erTobas.
daskvna `saqarTvelos eklesiis mimdinare krebebisa~ (IV-XVIII ss)
1995 wlis saeklesio krebis mier gamocemuli eklesiis marTva-gamgeobis

debulebis II Tavis me-20 muxlis Tanaxmad, wmida sinodis erT-erT movaleobas
Seadgens `saeklesio kanonebis krebulebis gamocema~. am muxlis aRsasrulebel
samuSaos warmoadgens qvemdebare Sroma. radganac yvela Cvens mier ganxilul
sakanonmdeblo da mimdinare krebis analizs Tan erTvis krebis mier gamocemuli
samarTlis Zegli. amitomac Cveni naSromi amasTanave warmoadgens saqarTvelos
saeklesio kanonebis krebuls.
erTad Tavmoyrili saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis gamocema da maTi analizi
pirvelad xdeba Cvens saistorio mecnierebaSi. am mxriv, naSromi garkveul siaxles
warmoadgens. saeklesio kanonebis moZiebas sapatriarqo, saeparqio arqivebsa da
sxvadasxva ganyofilebebSi, aseve aqamde gamocemul Sesabamis saistorio wyaroebis
korpusebSi dasWirda mravali weli.
sakanonmdeblo krebebi ganxilulia am naSromis pirvel wignSi (Tb, 2003),
xolo winamdebare wignSi ganxilulia mimdinare krebebi.
naSromSi safuZvlianadaa ganxiluli saqarTvelos mimdinare saeklesio krebebi
IV-XVIII ss-Si:
1. èpiskoposTa Sekrebani mefe mirianisa da vaxtang gorgasalis dros (IV-V
ss). sxvadasxva qarTuli wyaros cnobiT, episkoposTa Sekrebebi IV s-danve ucxo ar
iyo qarTuli eklesiisaTvis, kerZod, episkoposebi Seikribnen mefe mirianis anderZis
mosmenisas, aseve vaxtang gorgaslis ucxoeTidan samSobloSi dabrunebisas. episkoposebi eswrebodnen saxelmwifo darbazis sxdomas, romelmac Crdilo kavkasiaSi
laSqroba daadgina, episkoposebi Seikribnen jer kidev vaxtang gorgasalis mier
ganxorcielebul saeklesio reformamde, kerZod, isini miqael mTavarepiskoposis
gverdiT imyofebodnen qvemo qarTlSi erT-erTi sarwmunoebrivi sakiTxis ganxilvisas. Tu ramdenad sandoa wyaroTa cnobebi CvenSi saeklesio reformamde
saepiskoposoTa arsebobis Sesaxeb, gaanalizebulia naSromSi da miRebulia daskvna,
rom Tuki qarTuli eklesia, viTarca saeklesio organizacia namdvilad arsebobda
mefe mirianis Semdeg vaxtangis saeklesio reformamde, imJamindeli saeklesio
kanonebis Tanaxmad, mas uTuod unda hyoloda ramdenime episkoposi, romelTa
724
krebasac unda gamoeCina maT Soris pirveli da emarTa eklesia. rac wyaroTa
cnobebiTac dasturdeba. maSasadame, wyaroTa cnobebi qarTul eklesiaSi mravali
saepiskoposos arsebobis Sesaxeb, sandoa da eTanadeba msoflio eklesiaSi imJamad
arsebul wesebs.
2. dvinis saeklesio kreba (506 w). marTalia somxeTis saeklesio centr dvinSi
mowveuli kreba ar SeiZleba miviCnioT saqarTvelos saeklesio krebad, magram
radganac masSi monawileobda qarTlis kaTalikosi sxva 23 qarTvel episkoposTan
erTad da am Sekrebas didi gavlena unda hqonoda saeklesio cxovrebaze, amitomac
SevitaneT Cvens naSromSi. rogorc analizi gviCvenebs, am saeklesio krebis
mowveviT dainteresebuli iyo rogorc
bizantiis, ise iranis xelisufleba.
naSromSi garkveulia, rom ara dvinis 506 wlis krebis, aramed 522 wlis
saeklesio krebis Semdeg monofizitur platformas upiratesoba mieniWa somxuri
eklesiis mier, sabolood ki mas somxurma eklesiam mxari dauWira 551-554 wlis
krebebis Semdeg, qarTulma eklesiam ki piriqiT, somxuri eklesiis am bolo krebaTa
Semdgom
mxari ar dauWira da gaemijna somxuri eklesiis monofizitur
platformas, asureli mamebis Rvawlis Sedegad qarTlSi sabolood gaimarjva
diofizitobam, rac sayovelTaod gaxda cnobili 570-ian wlebSi, xolo kirion
kaTalikosis Rvawlis wyalobiT am movlenam praqtikuli gamoxatuleba miiRo.
samwuxarod sparseTis saxelmwifos nebiT, romelic monofizitur somxur eklesias
mtkiced uWerda mxars, kirioni gaZevebul iqna sakaTalikoso taxtidan. igi, Cans,
gadavida dasavleT saqarTveloSi, romelic imJamad qarTuli eklesiis iurisdiqciaSi
imyofeboda (zRvispira romauli (bizantiuri) zogierTi cixe-simagris gamoklebiT).
amis dasasabuTeblad moyvanilia prokofi kesarielisa da vaxuSti batoniSvilis
Sesabamisi monacemebi. naSromSi ganxilulia, Tu rogor SeZlo ucxo imperiebis
mxardaWeriT VI s-is Semdeg somxurma eklesiam Tavis iurisdiqciaSi moeqcia
eTnikuri
qarTvelebiT dasaxlebuli
(iqamde IV-V
ss-Si qarTuli
eklesiis
iurisdiqciaSi myofi kuTxeebi) qvemo qarTli (VII s-mde), tao (VIII s-mde), hereTi
(X s-mde wmida dedofal dinaramde).
aRniSnuli Tvalsazrisi mniSvnelovnad gansxvavdeba qarTul istoriografiaSi
amJamad aRiarebulisagan. kerZod, miiCneva, rom qvemo qarTlsa (gugarqsa), taosa Tu
hereTSi VII-VIII ss-Si TiTqosda mimdinareobda `somexTa gaqarTveleba~ maTSi
qalkedonuri sarwmuneobis danergviT.
magaliTad,
2002 w.
bolos gamoqveynebul
vardan arevelcis
`msoflio
istoriis~
komentatoris
TvalsazrisiT, `kirioni
miznad
isaxavda
moexdina
gugareTis Sereuli mosaxleobis asimilacia da RvTismsaxurebidan amoeRo somxuri
ena~.5 Cveni kvlevis Tanaxmad ki, gugarqSi anu qvemo qarTlSi cxovrobda
eTnikurad qarTuli mosaxleoba, IV-V
ss-Si samwyso
qarTlis kaTalikosisa,
romelsac VI s-Si Seqmnili politikuri viTarebis gamo sparselTa mxardaWeriT
eklesiebSi daenergaT somxurenovani RvTismsaxureba. maSasadame, es xalxi iyo
eklesiurad `somxurenovani~ da ara eTnikurad somexi. ai, am samwysosaTvis ineba
kirion kaTalikosma aRdgena qarTulenovani RvTismsaxurebisa da es procesi ar iyo
`somexTa asimilacia~. dvinis krebis ganxilvis dros CamoTvlili da aRdgenilia
krebaSi monawile qarTvel episkoposTa saxelebi da maTi kaTedrebi.
3. mcxeTis krebebi. VII s. dasawyisSi mcxeTis jvris taZris galavanSi aSenebul
`darbazebSi~, sakaTalikoso sveticxovlis taZarsa da saepiskoposo samTavros
var dan are velci, msoflio istor ia, Se savali, koment arebi da saZiebeli daurTo e ka kvaWantiraZem,
Tb., 2002, gv, 198.
5
taZarSi,
Sesabamisad,
episkoposTa Sekrebebi,
yovel
paraskevs, xuTSabaTsa
da samSabaTs
ganxilulia am krebaTa mizezebi da Sedegebi.
725
imarTeboda
4. antioqiis saeklesio kreba qarTuli eklesiis uflebaTa aRiarebis Sesaxeb (VIII

s). VIII s. 50-ian wlebSi efrem mciresa, nikon SavmTelisa da sxva avtorTa cnobiT,
Sedga saeklesio kreba antioqiis patriarq Teofilaqtes, mitropolitTa da
episkoposTa monawileobiT. krebas miuRia dadgenileba, raTa qarTuli eklesiis
meTauri
TviT qarTuli
eklesiis episkoposebs gamoerCiaT da ekurTxebinaT:
èpiskoposTagan xelni daesxmodian kaTalikossa qarTlisasa~. saeklesio samarTalmcodneTa ganmartebiT, eklesia maSinaa avtokefaluri, roca mis meTaurs irCevs da
adgens TviT mocemuli eklesiis episkopati da ara romelime ucxo eklesiis
meTauri. am mizezis gamo, mravali mkvlevari miiCnevda da zogierTi amJamadac
miiCnevs, rom swored aRniSnulma krebam VIII s-Si mianiWa antioqiis sapatriarqosagan avtokefalia qarTul eklesias. es mosazreba arasworia, radganac, rogorc
amJamad ukve damtkicebulia v. goilaZis mier, antioqiis aRniSnulma krebam
avtokefalia mianiWa ara mcxeTis sakaTalikosos, romelic im droisaTvis ukve
TavisTavadi iyo, aramed `qvemo iberiis~, anu afxazeTis sakaTalikosos. berZnulbizantiuri saeklesio istoriografia dasavleT saqarTvelos `qvemo iberias~
uwodebda. naSromSi amis Sesaxeb mravali wyaroa moxmobili. IV-V ss-Si, ruisurbnisis krebis Tanaxmad, dasavleT saqarTvelo mcxeTis iurisdiqciaSi Sedioda,
mxolod VII-s 20-30-iani wlebidan herakle keisris mier saqarTvelos zRvispira
teritoriebis aneqsiis Semdeg es miwa-wyali oficialurad Sevida konstantinopolis iurisdiqciaSi, aq dainerga qarTulis nacvlad wirva-locvis dros berZnulenovani msaxureba. VIII s-dan am, anu `qvemo iberiis~ teritoriaze TandaTan
Camoyalibda saeklesio erTeuli iberiis (qvemo iberiis), anu afxazeTis sakaTalikoso, romelmac imJamindeli saeklesio wesebis dacviT antioqiis ganxilul krebaze
moipova avtokefalia, igulisxmeba rom is gaTavisuflda berZnuli sapatriarqosagan
da daubrunda qarTuli eklesiis wiaRs, viTarca misi erT-erTi sakaTalikoso,
mcxeTis sakaTalikosos gverdiT. amis Semdeg qarTuli eklesiis uflebebi kvlav
aRsdga SavizRvispireTSi, gadaiWra am axali sakaTalikososaTvis mironis miwodebis
sakiTxi, rac ganxilulia naSromSi.
5. anCis saeklesio kreba (IX s. 40-iani wlebi). anCis kaTedraze aRniSnul
wlebSi Sedga saeklesio kreba, romelsac eswrebodnen qarTlis sakaTalikosos mier
gagzavnili ierarqebi, `yovelni mRvdelni da mrevlni anCisani~, saqmis mosmenis
Semdeg gamotanili iqna ganaCeni, romlis ZaliTac episkopos cqirs kaTedra
CamoarTves, magram, rogorc Cans, saqarTvelos eklesiis centralurma xelisuflebam
saWirod miiCnia angariSis gaweva Tbilisis amirasaTvis saeklesio saerTo saqmis
sasargeblod, rasac eTanxmeboda kurapalatic, amitom anCis saepiskoposo kaTedraze
cqiris kvlav dabruneba unda momxdariyo 853 wlamde.
6. javaxeTis saeklesio kreba (IX s. 60-iani wlebi). `xelmwifed~ wodebulma
mamfalma guaram didma `brZana Sekreba episkoposTa da udabnoTa mamaTa da
yovelni Semokrbes javaxeTs~. am Sekrebis mizezi yofila Semdegi: kaTalikos
ilarion I-is gardacvalebis Semdeg samcxis mTavar mirians Tavisi sapatrono
qveynis xalxis TanadgomiT sakaTalikoso taxtze auyvania arseni, safarelad
wodebuli. arsens mxars uWerda `varskvlavi udabnoTa~ wmida mama grigol
xanZTeli da mcire jgufi episkoposebisa, xolo xelmwife guaram mamfali da
726
episkoposebis ufro didi odenoba mxars uWerdnen sakaTalikoso taxtze efrem

mawyverelis asvlas. es episkoposebi giorgi merCulis cnobiT, nawyenni iyvnen,
radganac
samcxis mTavarma
daarRvia maTi
wmidaTawmida
saeklesio
ufleba
saqarTvelos kaTalikosis arCevisa. rogorc wesi, avtokefalur eklesiebSi eklesiaTa
meTaurebs irCevs episkoposTa kreba. es wesi ki am SemTxvevaSi darRveuli iyo.
grigol xanZTelma daarwmuna javaxeTSi Sekrebili episkoposebi da xelmwife
guaram
mamfali,
rom
`...RmerTsa ebrZana
kaTalikosoba arsenisi
sisrulisa
misisaTvis~. marTlac, krebam mravali saswauli ixila. sabolood, krebam daamtkica
kaTalikosoba arsen mirianis Zisa. amiT kidev erTxel daamtkica, rom qarTuli
eklesiis meTaurs ZvelTaganve saqarTveloSive irCevdnen saeklesio wesebis dacviT
da amiT is avtokefaluri, TavisTavadi eklesia iyo.
7. Rrtilas saeklesio kreba (daaxl. 1046 w). kamaTi monofizitebsa da
diofizitebs Soris msoflio eklesiaSi dasrulda VI-VII ss-Si monofizitebis
damarcxebiT, magram imperiis aRmosavleTiT is kidev ramdenime saukune gagrZelda.
mizezi amisa iyo is, rom imperiis periferiebSi egviptesa, siriasa da somxeTSi
monofiziturma mimarTulebam gaimarjva. egviptisa da siriis arabTagan dapyrobis
Semdeg somxuri eklesia monofizitobis msoflio centrad gadaiqca. bizantiasTan
metoqeobis gamo arabulma xelisuflebam gansakuTrebiT gaaZliera somxuri eklesia
viTarca antibizantiuri aRmsareblobis mcvelisa kavkasiaSi. IX-X ss-Si taoklarjeTSi qarTuli saxelmwifoebriobis aRorZinebisa da gansakuTrebiT saqarTvelos gaerTianebis Semdeg, mravali kamaTi imarTeboda monofizitebTan (qarTveli
xelmwifis karze). saqme is iyo, rom am provinciebSi mcxovrebi qarTvelebi iqamde
VI-VII ss-Si somxuri eklesiis iurisdiqciaSi iyvnen, isini saqarTvelos moqalaqeebad
gadaiqcnen, maT garda qveynis samxreT provinciebSi qarTveli monofizitebic
cxovrobdnen, rac gamoZaxili iyo wina saukuneebSi somxuri eklesiis agresiul
saxelmwifoTa mxridan gaZlierebisa. es qarTvelebi axal viTarebaSi ubrundebodnen
qarTul eklesias, rac davis mizezi iyo. erTi aseTi kreba Sedga javaxeTSi, sofel
RrtilasTan mefe bagrat IV-is dros, 1046 wels, Tumca zogierTi mkvlevari am
krebas bagrat III-Tan (975-1014) akavSirebs. krebas diofizitTa mxridan eswrebodnen
wurwyabeli episkoposi
gvarad miqelaZe, yveleli episkoposi sanano, tbeli
episkoposi grigol abuseriZe, anCeli episkoposi, mecnieri beri efTvime grZeli,
monofizitTa mxridan `didi moZRvari somxeTisaY~ sosTeni, igi `friad mecnier~
yofila. mas mxars farulad uWerda monofiziti qarTveli mwignobarTuxucesi
efTvime. kamaTi dasrulda qarTveli beris efTvime grZelis saxelovani gamarjvebiT, rasac didi mniSvneloba hqonda samxreT saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi qarTvelebisaTvis, is ìqmna Zegl marTlisa sarwmunoebisa~.
8. antioqiis II saeklesio kreba (1056-1057). pirobiTad ase vuwodeT antioqiaSi
XI s-Si Semdgar saeklesio krebas, romelmac daadastura qarTuli eklesiis
uflebani, gansxvavebiT antioqiaSive VIII s-Si gamarTuli imave xasiaTis krebisagan.
XI s. 20-ian wlebSi mkveTrad daiZaba urTierToba saqarTvelosa da bizantiis
saxelmwifoebs Soris.
bizantia
gaaRiziana
gaerTianebis Semdeg
saqarTvelos
sagrZnobma gaZlierebam. omis wamowyebis sababad bizantiam gamoiyena bagrat III-is
Zis giorgi I-is `SeWra bizantiis sazRvrebSi~. TviT imperatori basili II da
konstantine
VII piradad
mxedarTmTavrobdnen
mebrZol
berZenTa jars.
omi
xangrZlivad gagrZelda. qarTvelTa jari ramdenjerme damarcxda. mterTan brZoli-
727
sas qarTulma eklesiam daiWira mkveTri pozicia da saTaveSi Caudga saerTosaxalxo oms bizantielTa winaaRmdeg, episkoposebis saba mtbevarisa da ezra
anCelis meTaurobiT. amis sapasuxod mTel bizantiis imperiaSi, maT Soris aTonsa,
Sav mTasa da sxvagan daiwyo qarTveli berebis sastiki devna. eWvqveS dadga
qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis ufleba. or marTlmadidebel xalxs Soris zavisa
da mSvidobis Camosagdebad iRvwodnen qarTuli eklesiis iseTi ori gavleniani
piri, rogorebic iyvnen wmida giorgi mTawmideli da sqemonazoni mariami, deda
mefe bagrat IV-isa. erT-erTi aseTi kreba aRniSnuli moRvaweebis monawileobiT
antioqiis patriarqTan da mis ierarqiasTan Sedga 1056 wels. am SexvedriT
dedoflis kmayofilebis, maSasadame qarTuli eklesiis problemebis gadaWris Sesaxeb
mematianec miuTiTebs. antioqiaSi viTareba Seicvala 1057 wlidan, rac sapatriarqo
taxtze petre III-is gardacvalebis Semdeg avida Teodosi III. amave wels kvlav
Sedga kreba antioqiaSi, romelzec berZnebma axali braldeba wamoayenes, rom
saqarTveloSi yovelgvari saeklesio wesis gangeba xdeba TviT saqarTveloSive, rom
qarTveli episkoposebi
ar
arian
sxva
romelime
episkoposis xelqveS,
rac
arasasurvelia, qarTvelTa
eklesiis arsebuli
avtokefalia arasamarTlebrivia,
radganac arc erT mociquls saqarTveloSi ar uqadagniao - aseTi iyo bizantiel
ierarqTa Sexeduleba aRniSnul krebaze. imJamindeli SexedulebiT avtokefaliis
ufleba hqonda
im qveynis
eklesias, sadac
mociqulma
iqadaga.
maSasadame,
qarTvelTaTvis saWiro iyo moZieba im wyarosi, romelic daamtkicebda, rom
saqarTveloSi romelime mociqulma iqadaga. aseTi samuSao Seasrula giorgi
mTawmidelma, man krebas warmoudgina aseTi wyaro, es iyo `mimosvla andria
mociqulisa~. masze dayrdnobiT wmidanma krebas ganucxada: `Cven qarTvelebi varT
andria pirvelwodebulis moqceulni, mis garda Tormet mociqulTagan erT-erTi
simon kananeli Cvens qveyanaSi afxazeTSi kerZod nikofsiaSia dakrZaluli~. wmida
giorgi
mTawmidelis pasuxidan
da misi
wyarodan kargad
Canda,
rom
am
mociqulebma saqarTveloSi namdvilad iqadages. imJamindeli SexedulebiT, es wyaro
avtokefaliis iuridiul sabuTs warmoadgenda da ukve sakmarisi iuridiuli
safuZveli iyo qarTuli eklesiis avtokefalia-TavisTavadobis uflebis damtkicebisTvis. kreba darwmunda qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis kanonierebaSi.
9. quTaisis saeklesio kreba (daaxl. 1058). ase vuwodeT pirobiTad krebas,
romelic bagrat IV-is karze Sedga opizisa da mijnaZoris monasterTa Soris
samamule davis gamo. paragrafSi garkveulia, rom saxelmwifos uzenaesi organos
`darbazis karis~ upirvelesi `darbaiselni~ iyvnen eklesiis pirveli ierarqebi
kaTalikosebi qarTlisa da afxazeTisa, aseve moZRvarTmoZRvari da WyondidelmwignobarTuxucesi. maTTan TanamSromlobiTa da `darbazis TanadgomiT~ mefe
`ganuCenda~,
anu
gamoscemda kanonebs.
imis gamo,
rom
darbazis
muSaobas
warmarTavda aRniSnuli saeklesio ierarqia, darbazi gamoscemda ara mxolod saero,
aramed saeklesio datvirTvis dadgenilebebsac - `saeklesio gansagebelsa darbazis
kariT miiRebdin~. amis gamo, saeklesio sakiTxic opizisa da mijnaZoris monasterTa
Soris ganixila darbazis karma, saero da sasuliero pirTa, aseve eqspert-iuristTa
monawileobiT, am ukanasknelT `mecnierni sabWoTa saqmeTani~ erqvaT. krebam
gaamarTla mijnaZoris monasteri, Sesabamisi sabuTebis ganxilvis Semdeg. paragrafSi
garkveulia, rom `zemo mamulebi~ anu `zemo qveyana~ sazogadod ewodeboda
aRmosavleT saqarTvelos, xolo `qveda mamulebi, qvemo qveyana, qvemo iveria~ dasavleT saqarTvelos.
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10. Tbilisis I saeklesio kreba (1178). demna batoniSvilis ajanyebis CaxSobis

Semdeg gamarjvebulma mefe giorgi III-m uflisadmi madlierebis gamosaxatavad
gadawyvita saqarTvelos eklesiisaTvis raime didi sikeTis miniWeba. imis gasarkvevad,
Tu ra esaWiroeboda imJamad sazogadod saqarTvelos eklesias, Sedga saeklesio
kreba, romelmac daadgina, rom umjobesi iyo eklesiis gaTavisufleba usamarTlo
begarisagan, amasTanave usamarTlo begarisagan unda gaTavisuflebuliyvnen `glaxakebi~, e.i. dabali fenis gaWirvebuli mosaxleoba da amave dros saxelmwifos
Sesabamisad `gulismodgined Seekazma~ e.i. unda Seemko eklesiebi. mefes krebis am
dadgenilebis aRsasruleblad gamoucia Sesabamisi sigeli. paragrafSi uaryofilia
aqamde gavrcelebuli mosazreba, TiTqosda demnas ajanyebiT isargebles saeklesio
pirebma, moiwvies saeklesio kreba da gasaWirSi myofi mefe aiZules ùsamarTlo
begarisagan~ eklesiebi gaeTavisuflebina. gamokvleulia mefisa da eklesiis urTierTdamokidebuleba, aRwerilia mefed kurTxevis saeklesio wesi.
11. Tbilisis II saeklesio kreba (1185). taxtze asvlis Semdeg Tamar mefem
moiwvia saeklesio kreba, romelsac afxazeTisa da qarTlis sakaTalikosoTa
episkoposebi, monazvnebi da meudabnoeni eswrebodnen TeologebTan (`kacni mecnierni
sjulisa
saRmrTosanni~)
erTad. krebaze
dasaswrebad
sagangebod CamoabrZanes
ierusalimidan yofili kaTalikosi nikoloz gulaberisZe. iv. javaxiSvilis kvlevis
Tanaxmad, krebam ganixila imJamindeli qarTlis kaTalikosis miqaelis gadayenebis
sakiTxi. saqme isaa, rom kaTalikoss gadauxvevia `wesTagan eklesiisiTa~ da
kaTalikosobasTan erTad Tavis xelSi auRia mwignobarTuxucesis saxeloc. mwignobarTuxucesobasTan erTad
miiTvisa
Wyondideloba
da mawyvereloba.
erTi
SexedviT es saeklesio Tanamdebobebia, magram im droisaTvis radganac mwignobarTuxucesi amave dros `vazirTa upirvelesi~ iyo da `mefis mamad~ iwodeboda, anu
mefes mis daukiTxavad arafris gakeTebis ufleba ar hqonda, amitom sasuliero
mwyemsmTavris xelSi ara mxolod saeklesio, aramed saero xelisuflebis mTelma
sadaveebma moiyara Tavi. miqaeli saxelmwifos marTva-gamgeobis namdvil saWeTmpyroblad iqca. paragrafSi ganxilulia, Tu rogor aiRes msoflio eklesiis
zogierT nawilSi pirvel aTaswleulSi (kerZod dasavleT evropasa da somxeTSi)
saxelmwifos mmarTvelobis sadaveebi eklesiis ierarqebma Tavis xelSi. gamoTqmulia
mosazreba, rom e.w. umefobis xanaSi - VI-VII ss-Si, dapyrobaTa Sedegad Seqmnil
sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi warmoCenili qaosis gamo kanonierebisa da wesrigis
kerebad gadaiqcnen qarTuli saepiskoposoebi, moipoves avtoriteti samarTalsa da
saxelmwifo mmarTvelobis sferoSi, ris Sedegadac saqarTvelos zogierT kuTxeSi
saero sammarTvelo uflebac moipoves (kaxeTis saqorepiskoposoSi, qorepiskoposTa
xanis pirvel periodSi, aRmosavleT saqarTvelos mTianeTSi, svaneTSi, qorepiskoposTa
institutis meSveobiT, samcxeSi (giorgi Suartyelis mTavarepiskoposis xanaSi), Cans
aseve moxda dasavleT saqarTveloSic rogorc Wyondidis kaTedris Seqmnamde, ise
mis Semdegac), risi samarTlebrivi asaxva unda yofiliyo daviT aRmaSeneblis dros
Wyondidel-mwignobarTuxucesis mier mTavrobis marTva. xelmwifis karze oTx
monazons (or kaTalikoss, mwignobarTuxuces-Wyondidelsa da moZRvarT-moZRvars)
Soris Zalaufleba ganawilebuli iyo. roca Tamaris dros miqael kaTalikosis
xelSi gaerTianda Wyondideloba da mwignobarTuxucesoba, aRmoCnda, rom misi
udidesi saxelmwifoebrivi Zalaufleba mefis avtoritets CrdilSi aqcevda. es
gansaxilvel krebas miuCnevia saeklesio wesis darRvevad da ucdia kidec miqaelis
729
gadayeneba an misTvis Zalauflebis CamorTmeva, magram krebam es ver SeZlo. wyaros

cnobiT, amave krebam ganixila TamarisaTvis saqmros SerCevis sakiTxic.
12. saeklesio Sekrebani daviT aRmaSeneblisa da Tamaris karze (kamaTi
monofizitebTan). bizantiasTan saukunovani brZolis
gamo arabebi ebrZodnen
qalkedonitobas anu bizantiur sarwmunoebas da mxars uWerdnen monofizitobas.
VII-X ss-Si arabTa mpyrobelobis dros Tbilisis saamirosa da qvemo qarTlSi, aseve
aRmosavleT saqarTvelos zogierT kuTxeSi (aRniSnulis gamo) gaZlierda somxuri
eklesia, romelmac SeZlo mkvidr qarTvelTa somxuri eklesiis mrevlad gadaqceva.
saqarTvelos erTiani saxelmwifos warmoqmnis, gansakuTrebiT ki mas Semdeg, rac
daviT aRmaSenebelma Tavis saxelmwifos SemouerTa eTnikurad qarTvelebiT dasaxlebuli taSir-Zorakertis e.w. `somexTa samefo~ da samxreT kavkasiaSi mdebare
mxareebi, saqarTvelos xelmwifis karze drodadro imarTeboda saeklesio Sekrebadisputebi somex da qarTvel sasuliero pirTa Soris. erTi aseTi Sedga daviT
aRmaSeneblis karze, romelSic monawileobdnen arsen iyalToeli da TviT mefe
daviT aRmaSenebeli. msgavsi kreba gaimarTa Tamar mefis karzec. aq erTmaneTs
daupirispirdnen sarwmunoebrivi niSniT or dasad gayofili saxelmwifos umaRlesi
moxeleebi. paeqroba sarwmunoebriv momentebTan erTad Seicavda politikurs da
gamoxatuleba iyo Tamaris samefo karze saqarTvelos mTavrobaSi arsebuli
winaaRmdegobisa òTx monazonTa~ da mxargrZelTa Soris, anu qarTvel umaRles
sasuliero pirTa (kaTalikos-Wyondidelsa) da amirspasalar-vezirTa Soris. am dros
e.w. `Zalovani institutebi~ monofizitTa xelSi aRmoCnda - kerZod, mandaturTuxucesoba `karis garigebis~ Tanaxmad, mxargrZelTa (`SanSeTa saxlis~) xelSi iyo,
aseve msaxurTuxucesoba ivane mxargrZelis xelSi iyo, Tu amirspasalarobas ar
CavTvliT, es paeqrobac zaqaria mxargrZelsa da qarTlis kaTalikoss ioanes Soris
winaaRmdegobam gamoiwvia.
13. anisis Sekreba (1218). somxeTis
Zvel dedaqalaq anisSi saqarTvelos
sapatriarqos iurisdiqciaSi imyofeboda mravali eklesia, qarTuli eklesiis mrevli
ise mravlad cxovrobda somxeTis mraval kuTxesa da qalaqSi, rom aq qarTuli
saepiskoposoebic arsebobda. erTi axali qarTuli eklesiis sakurTxevlad q. anisSi
CabrZanda saqarTvelos patriarqi etifane, romelmac gaarkvia sasuliero pirebsa da
qarTvel mrevls Soris sadavo sakiTxi anel xucesTa sargos ganwesebis Sesaxeb. man
krebis vrceli dadgenileba anisis eklesiis kedelze amokveTa. Cvens mecnierebSi
miRebulia mosazreba, rom somxeTSi mcxovrebi mrevli qarTuli eklesiisa TiTqosda
eTnikuri somxebi iyvnen da maT `qarTvelebs~ uwodebdnen sarwmunoebrivi niSniT,
qalkedonitobis gamo. paragrafSi dasabuTebulia aseTi mosazrebis aramarTebuloba,
ganmartebulia, Tu ratom cxovrobdnen somxeTis Crdilo olqebsa da did
qalaqebSi eTnikuri qarTvelebi, mrevli saqarTvelos eklesiisa.
14. SiomRvimis saeklesio kreba (XIII s. 40-iani wlebi). XIII s. 40-ian wlebSi
Sedga kreba, romelmac gamosca ganCineba SiomRvimis Seuvalobis Sesaxeb. paragrafSi
ganxilulia, rom SiomRvimis monasteri mxolod sameurneo mxriv iyo damoukidebeli qarTlis sakaTalikososagan, sulierad ki mas marTavda saqarTvelos eklesiis
ierarqi
mwignobarTuxucesi (aRniSnul
wlebSi bediel-alaverdeli
episkoposi
svimoni) monastris mamasaxlisTan erTad (aseTi kvleva saWiroa, radganac arcTu
didi xnis win XX s. 90-ian wlebSi sakiTxSi Cauxedavobis gamo imJamad SiomRvimis
730
monastris berTa erTma jgufma sapatriarqosagan monastris sruli damoukidebloba

moiTxova, aRniSnuli krebis mier gamocemul sabuTze `dayrdnobiT~).
15. mcxeTis saeklesio kreba (1263). monRolTa batonobis dros daviT laSas
Zis (ulu daviTis) mefobisas mcxeTaSi Semdgara saeklesio kreba, romelsac
dadgenileba gamoutania sam sakiTxze, pirveli iyo saeklesio mamulebis sakiTxi,
meore Seexeboda eklesiis mier `dakrulvili~ piris, mesame ki sasuliero pirTa
pativiscemiT mopyrobis sakiTxs.
mtris batonobisas mefes unebebia saeklesio mamulebis gasxviseba. aseTi qmedeba
krebis mier mkacrad iqna dagmobili. qarTuli samarTlis wesis Sesabamisad,
eklesiis mier Serisxul `dakrulvil~ pirs saxelmwifos mier qoneba unda
CamorTmeoda da aseve `laSqarSi ar unda SeeSvaT~, e.i. samxedro wodebidanac unda
gaericxaT. es wesi monRolTa batonobisas darRveula. damrRvevelni yofilan
`vazirni~, `vaziri~. Cvens mecnierebaSi gamoTqmulia mosazreba, rom es `vaziri~
unda yofiliyo basili mwignobarTuxucesi _ ujarmel-Wyondideli. naSromSi
ganxilulia
urTierTdamokidebuleba saqarTvelos
mTavrobaSi
arsebuli
òTx
monazonTa~ jgufsa da mxargrZelTa jgufs Soris (mxargrZelTa jgufSi Sediodnen
vezirebi: amirspasalari, mandaturTuxucesi, amilaxori da meabjreTuxucesi). am
ukanasknelT `xelmwifis karis garigebis~ Tanaxmad ekuTvnodaT `laSqarSi ar
SeSvebis~ da `mamulis gacemis~ ufleba, amitomac krebis ganCineba exeba ara basili
Wyondidels, aramed mxargrZel vezirebs, romelTanac dapirispirebuli iyo òTxmonazonTa~ jgufi.
16.
Sekreba safaraSi (1453). paragrafSi ganxilulia sakiTxi imis Sesaxeb,
rom saqarTvelos eklesiisaTvis ucxo iyo sarwmunoebrivi ganxeTqileba. saqarTvelos
erTiani saxelmwifos daSlis Semdeg dasavleT saqarTvelosa da mesxeTSi warmoSobili miswrafeba eklesiuri gankerZoebisa, unda CaiTvalos ara sarwmunoebriv,
aramed saeklesio-administraciuli mniSvnelobis sakiTxad. mesxeTSi warmoSobili
saeklesio separatizmi mahmadianuri agresiis gamo safrTxes uqmnida mesxeTis
qristianebis sulier simtkices. saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqebi mTeli saukune
iRvwodnen eklesiis gamTlianebisaTvis. erTi aseTi iyo daviT III _ qarTlis
kaTalikosi, is 1453 wels Casula mesxeTSi da krebis ZaliT dausjia uRirsi
episkoposebi, romelnic ucxoel mRvdelmTavarTa waqezebiT cdilobdnen dedaeklesiisagan administraciul ganSorebas.
17. samTavisis saeklesio kreba. 1459 wels samTavisis saepiskoposo centrSi
Sedga saeklesio kreba, romelmac daamtkica samTavisis saepiskoposos `dramisa da
Sesavlis wigni~. wigni warmoadgens kanonebis krebuls da exeba samwysos gadasaxads
sxvadasxva sarwmunoebriv da sayofacxovrebo momentTan dakavSirebiT. am krebas ara
mxolod sasuliero, aramed saero xelisufalnic eswrebodnen, romelTac miiRes
samarTlis `wignis~ muxlebi (muxlebi ganxilulia naSromSi). aqedan Cans, rom Tu
romelime
saerisTavoSi tardeboda
saeklesio
kreba,
masSi Sesabamisi
saero
xelisufalnic monawileobdnen, Tu samTavroSi _ Sesabamis samTavro xelisufleba,
Tu saxelmwifos centrSi _ saxelmwifo xelisufalni.
18. svaneTis `saeklesio krebebi~ (XIII-XVIII ss.) Cvenamde moRweulia Zegli,
romelsac `matiane svaneTisa krebisaY~ ewodeba. faqtobrivad, masSi warmodgenilia
731
im pirTa sia, romelTagan umravlesi gardacvlili iyo da sxvadasxva dros

moRvaweobda. am Zeglidan Cans, rom saqarTvelos mTianeTSi qristianuli eklesia
Zlier Zalas warmoadgenda, svaneTis saeklesio saqmianobas adgilobrivi qorepiskoposni, mamasaxlisni da moZRvarni warmarTavdnen. eklesias aq hyavda Tavisi
meWurWle, molareTuxucesi, medroSe, jvris mtvirTveli da sxva moxeleni. svaneTis
qorepiskoposni colosanni iyvnen (viTarc Zveli drois episkoposebi). isini isxdnen
mestiaSi, laSxeTSi, svaneTis `mTiuleTSi~ (zeda qalaqs). eqvemdebarebodnen caiSel
da cagerel episkoposebs.
19. saeklesio Sekrebani vaxtang VI-is, solomon I-is, Teimuraz II-isa da erekle
II-is karze (XVIII s). paragrafSi ganxilulia XVIII s-Si Semdgari mimdinare,
SedarebiT naklebi mniSvnelobis mqone krebebi, mowveulni 1705, 1712, 1616-1617,
1742, 1744, 1748, 1755-56, 1762, 1764, 1765, 1768 da 1779 wlebSi.
20.
mcxeTa-Tbilisis (1755-1756)
kreba.
zogierTi
istorikosi am
krebas
`gorisas~ uwodebs. 1755-1756 wlebSi Sedga saeklesio krebebi, romelTac ganixiles
anton I kaTalikosis e.w. `gakaTolikebis~ saqme da is Camoagdes sapatriarqo
taxtidan. krebebma gamosca saTanado aqtebi, romelnic Tan erTvis paragrafs.
ruseTSi wmida sinodis winaSe warmdgarma antonma daamtkica Tavisi marTlmadidebluri sarwmunoeba, risTvisac miiRo rusuli saepiskoposo kaTedra, Semdeg ki
ruseTis wmida sinodis wevris wodeba. ruseTSi antoni amtkicebda, rom mas cili
daswama mefe Teimuraz II-m, romelic vaxtang VI-is da ieses mefis STamomavalTa
mier miiCneoda qarTlis ukanono mefed, qarTlis taxtis kanonier memkvidred maT
aleqsandre vaxtangis Ze da anton kaTalikosi miaCndaT. amiT xsnidnen isini im
faqts, rom qarTlis taxtis kanonieri memkvidreobis gamo SeSfoTebulma Teimuraz
II-m anton I moiSora viTarca politikuri mowinaaRmdege da is saqarTvelodan
gaaZeva. ase xedavdnen am movlenas
vaxuSti batoniSvili, mari brose, d.
CubinaSvili, a. cagareli da sxva mecnierebi. es krebebi krebis monawile ierarqTa
sityviT, gaimarTa `sabrZanabelsa Sina CvenTa~ (1755 wlis 16 dekembris ganCinebis
I aqti). saqarTvelos eklesiis sasuliero ierarqTa sabrZanebeli iyo mefis karze
(e.i. TbilisSi) da Zvel saeklesio dedaqalaq mcxeTaSi.
21. 1764 wlis krebis ganCineba. krebas eswrebodnen mefe erekle, mTavarepiskoposi kirile, episkoposi besarioni, tfileli qristefore, mroveli germane,
ninowmideli saba, mangleli nikolozi, rusTveli iosebi. krebam kvlav ganixila
anton kaTalikosis sakiTxi. yovelgvari sabuTebisa da faqtebis moZiebis Semdeg
cxadi Seiqmna, rom wina 1755-1756 wlis kreba SecdomaSi Seiyvanes dainteresebulma pirebma da anton kaTalikosis mimarT gamotanili braldeba misi gakaTolikebis
Sesaxeb ciliswameba iyo. krebam gamoikvlia, rom wina krebebi SecdomaSi Seiyvana
mRvdelma zaqaria gabaSvilma da misma Svilma iosebma. krebam sastikad dasaja
cilismwameblebi, mTlianad gaamarTla anton kaTalikosi, miT umetes, rom
ruseTis wmida sinodmac ganixila es sakiTxi, romelmac antoni gaamarTla da
vladimiris arqiepiskoposis pativic uboZa. axla, mefe ereklesa da samefo ojaxis
moTxovniT, saqarTveloSi dabrunebuli antoni mTlianad gamarTlebuli iqna
krebis dadgenilebiT.
732
daskvna mimdinare krebebisa (XIX-XX ss)
naSromSi ganxilulia XIX-XX ss-Si Semdgari 50-ze meti saeklesio kreba. isini
dayofili iqna sam mTavar jgufad: 1) krebebi, romelnic Sedga avtokefaliis
gauqmebidan mis aRdgenamde; 2) 1917 wels Semdgari avtokefaliis aRmdgeni krebebi;
3) krebebi 1918-1995 wlebisa.
avtokefaliis gauqmebis Semdeg, mTel XIX s-Si, ar Semdgara
namdvili
warmomadgenlobiTi sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio kreba (am SemTxvevaSi saqarTvelos saegzarqosos saeklesio kreba), mizezi amisa iyo is, rom TviT ruseTSi, XVIII
s-is dasawyisidan, ruseTis sapatriarqos gauqmebis Semdeg, xelisufalTa nebiT ar
Catarebula sruliad ruseTis saeklesio kreba, magram saeparqio saeklesio krebebi
Zalze
mravali iyo,
maT Soris
saqarTvelos saegzarqosos
teritoriazec.
xelisufalTa mier nebadarTuli aseTi Sekrebebis dros, gansakuTrebiT ki XX sis dasawyisSi, qarTveli sasuliero pirebi xelsayrel viTarebas xelidan ar
uSvebdnen da gabedulad ayenebdnen Tavdapirvelad skolebsa da eklesia-monastrebSi
qarTuli enis, Semdeg ki sruliad saqarTvelos momcveli eklesiis avtokefaliis
aRdgenis sakiTxs. imJamad saqarTvelo, viTarca erTiani administraciuli erTeuli
ar arsebobda, igi danawilebuli iyo sxvadasxva guberniaSi, amitomac samRvdeloebam miznad daisaxa rogorme ruseTis imperiaSi Seqmniliyo erTiani administraciuli erTeuli `saqarTvelo~, romelsac garkveuli avtonomiuri uflebebi eqneboda.
es erTeuli unda yofiliyo safuZveli Semdegdroindeli saqarTvelos eklesiis
avtokefaliisa (saeklesio kanonebis Sesabamisad eklesiis avtokefaliis erT umTavres
safuZvlad erTiani saxelmwifo an saxelmwifoebrivi erTeuli iTvleba, romlis
sazRvrebsac Tan unda gahyves eklesiis iurisdiqciis sazRvrebi).
qarTveli avtokefalistebi xelSemwyob umTavres argumentad miiCevdnen im
faqts,
rom ukve
arsebobda
erTiani
saeklesio administraciuli
erTeuli
`saqarTvelos saegzarqoso~, swored mis bazaze unda aSenebuliyo momavali
saqarTvelos erTiani sakaTalikoso, romelic eklesiurad gaaerTianebda dasavleT da
aRmosavleT saqarTvelos. saeklesio krebebze uSiSrad wamoyenebul saqarTvelos
avtonomiisa da eklesiis avtokefaliis ideebs rusi saeklesio moRvaweebi da
saimperio wreebi separatizmad naTlavdnen. daiwyo Sesabamisi represiebi.
1917 wlis Tebervlis revoluciam daamxo saimperatoro xelisufleba, romelic
xels uSlida saqarTvelos avtokefaliis aRdgenis sakiTxis gadaWras. xelsayreli
viTarebiT myisierad isargebla qarTvelma samRvdeloebam, uswrafesad moiwvia 25
marts saeklesio kreba sveticxovelSi, romelmac aRadgina avtokefalia. es iyo
rTuli procesi, romelic dasrulda imave wlis seqtembris TveSi saqarTvelos I
saeklesio krebis mowveviT da kaTolikos-patriarqis arCeviT.
1918 wels aRsdga saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrioba, risTvisac mTeli XIX s-sa
da XX s-is dasawyisSi TavdadebiT iRvwodnen qarTveli saeklesio pirebi. erovnuli
saxelmwifos aRdgenis
Semdeg mosalodneli iyo, rom saqarTvelos
eklesia
Sesabamisi saxelmwifo nebiTa da kanonmdeblobiT qveyanaSi daiWerda im Rirseul
adgils, rac niSneuli iyo misTvis IV-XVIII ss-Si, avtokefaliis gauqmebamde, rom
saxelmwifo xels Seuwyobda misi avtoritetisa da gavlenis gazrdas, ganaTlebisa
da kulturis, sazogadoebrivi cxovrebis sxvadasxva sferoSi. magram moxda piriqiT,
saqarTvelos saxelmwifos imJamindelma mmarTvelobam da socialisturi (menSevikuri) mimarTulebis mTavrobam saqarTvelos eklesia kanonmdeblobiT gamoyo
733
saxelmwifosagan, Seuwyvita subsidia,

CamoarTva
miwebi, uxelfasod
(rogorc
krebaze acxadebdnen - ulukmapurod) datova qarTveli samRvdeloeba, gamoacala
mas
cxovrebis
saxsari,
aiZula
ezruna ara
eris
sulier
moTxovnilebaTa
dakmayofilebis, aramed ojaxis gamosakvebi sarCos mosapoveblad. am mxriv, sul
sxvagvarad iyo evropis demokratiul qveynebSi, magaliTad, saberZneTSi, romelmac
iqamde sul ramdenime aTeli wliT adre aRidgina damoukidebloba, sadac erovnul
eklesias konstituciiT mieniWa upiratesobani. evropis demokratiul qveynebSi
qveynis momcvel erT an or eklesias aniWeben saxelmwifo, erovnuli anda saxalxo
eklesiis statuss.
amis Semdeg dadga sakiTxi eklesiis saxelmwifosagan gamijvnis Sesaxeb. II krebam
erTsulovnad daadgina: 1920 wlis 1-el ivliss - ìveriis eklesia uZveles
droidanve uZvelesi erovnuli da kulturuli Zala iyo qarTveli erisaTvis.
eklesia da saxelmwifo TanaSezRuduli da SeTvisebuli iyo mraval saukuneTa
ganmavlobaSi da qarTvel ers arasodes ar daupirispirebia erTmaneTisaTvis es ori
erovnuli Zala.
erma eklesiaSi ZvelTaganve ganasaxiera Tavisi kulturuli
cxovreba, aq Caisaxa misi mwerloba, xuroTmoZRvreba, mxatvroba da sazogado
mxatvruli xelovneba.
saeklesio naSTebi saukeTeso Zeglebia qarTveli eris istoriuli ganviTarebisa.
mraval saukuneTa ganmavlobaSi ukanasknel saukuneSi Tavisuflebis dakargvamde,
eklesia da saxelmwifo erTis gziT vlidnen da ganamtkicebdnen erovnuls
cxovrebas.
Cveni samSoblos saxelmwifoebrivi Tavisuflebis dakargvis Semdgomac ar
daukargavs eklesias
Tavisi
erovnuli
gza.
is
ganagrZobda
brZolasa
da
moRvaweobas
erovnul
da
sarwmunoebrivi
TavisuflebisaTvis
im
kulturul
ZalebTan erTad, romelnic iyvnen saxelmwifoebrivi Tavisuflebis ideis matarebelni. saqarTvelos eklesiis aseTi xalxosnuri bunebiT aixsneba, rom Cvens
samSobloSi saxelmwifosa da eklesias Soris ar yofila raime brZola da ar
arsebobda masSi egreT wodebuli klerikalizmi. SemTxveviTi ar yofila is
movlena, rom Cveni erovnuli cxovrebis sxva nawilebTan SedarebiT eklesiam
yvelaze meti brZola ganicada erovnuli Tavisuflebis dasacavad da 1917 wlis
12 marts pirvelad man aRmarTa Tavisuflebisa da damoukideblobis droSa.
Cveni saxelmwifoebrivi Tavisuflebis aRdgena moxda erTi wlis Semdgom
revoluciuri duRilis procesSi. saxelmwifoebrivi cxovreba jer kidev ar
damtkicebula da ar Camoyalibebula Tavis formaSi. aseTs cvalebadsa da
gardamaval xanaSi saxelmwifoebriv wreebSi ismeba sakiTxi erTmaneTisagan ganSorebisa da gancalkevebisa saxelmwifosa da eklesiisa, romlebic mravalsaukunovani
cxovrebiT iyvnen erTmaneTTan SeTvisebuli da Sexorcebuli.
saeklesio kreba fiqrobs, rom eklesiisa da saxelmwifos urTierTisagan
ganSoreba TavisTavad ar warmoadgens saSiSroebas iq, sadac amisTvis momzadebulia
sazogadoebrivi azrovneba, sadac saxelmwifosa da eklesias SeuZliaT urTierT
dauxmareblad moawyon sasurvelad orivesaTvis saerTo sazrunavi sagani _ eris
keTili cxovreba.
saeklesio krebis azriT, Cven jer kidev ver varT imdenad momzadebuli, rom
erTmaneTis dauxmarebliv SevZloT mSobeli eris samsaxuri, gansakuTrebiT dRes,
roca `samkali friad aris, xolo muSakni mcired~ (mat. 9,37). eklesiis daxmareba
da TanamSromloba dResac did samsaxurs gauwevda saxelmwifoebrivi simtkicisa da
Zlierebis Seqmnis saqmes~.
734
amgvari Sesavlis Semdgom, saeklesio kreba acxadebda, rom saxelmwifosagan

eklesiis gamijvnis sakiTxi referendumis gziT unda gadawyvetiliyo. misi azriT,
am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT Tavad ers unda mieRo gadawyvetileba. kreba imasac
uSvebda, rom SesaZlebeli iyo xelisuflebas referendumamde arc ki mieyvana saqme
da Tavad gadaewyvita saxelmwifosagan eklesiis gamocalkeveba. am SemTxvevaSi, kreba
iSveliebda ra wmida pavle mociqulis sityvebs: `xelmwifebasa mas umTavresisasa
daemorCilen~ (rom. 13,1), emorCileba damfuZnebeli krebis uzenaes nebas. am
SemTxvevaSi,
eklesia
iTxovda,
rac
SeiZleba
umtkivneulod
momxdariyo
es
gamocalkeveba saxelmwifosagan da iseTi ram ùflebrivi pirobani~ SemuSavebuliyo,
rom am gamijvnis Semdeg eklesias Tavis samarTlebrivi uflebebi hqonda qveyanaSi.
yvelaferTan erTad, eklesia zemoxsenebul uflebebSi saarsebo wyaros gaTvaliswinebasac gulisxmobda. saxelmwifos unda ezruna ruseTisagan iveriis eklesiisaTvis warTmeuli qonebis dabrunebaze. amasTan, Tavis mxriv TviTon saxelmwifosac
unda daemtkicebina eklesiisaTvis Tavisi saeklesio qoneba.
miRebuli dadgenileba daegzavna saqarTvelos mTavrobis Tavmjdomares, baton
noe nikolozis-Ze Jordanias da damfuZnebeli krebis Tavmjdomaris ufros amxanags
aleqsandre spirodonis-Ze lomTaTiZes (sapatriarqos arqivi, II saeklesio kreba).
eklesiis gaugonari devna daiwyo 1921 wlis 25 Tebervlis, saqarTvelos
xelmeore okupaciis Semdeg. ssrk-Si eklesia saxelmwifosagan, xolo eklesiisagan
skola ara Tu gamoiyo, aramed aTeistur saxelmwifos surda eklesia faqtiurad
gadaeqcia usaxsro kerZo organizaciad, Tumca ki grZnobda mis Sinagan Zalas da
garkveuli SiSiT epyroboda. bolSevikebma ver gabedes saqarTvelos eklesiis
avtokefaliis xelyofa mas Semdegac ki, rac genuis konferenciis saSualebiT
saqarTvelos kaTalikos-patriarqma ambrosi xelaiam mimarTa evropisa da msoflios
qveynebs yuradReba miepyroT qarTveli xalxis umZimesi yofisaTvis imperiul
saxelmwifoSi da aRedginaT misi saxelmwifoebrivi damoukidebloba. am dros
mravali saeklesio krebidan Canda, rom devnili eklesiis sasuliero wodeba or
jgufad gaiyo. loialurad ganwyobilma nawilma IV krebis Semdeg rogorRac
SeZlo moegvarebina urTierToba saxelmwifosTan.
1991 wlis Semdeg, rac aRsdga saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrioba, saqarTvelos
eklesias konstituciiT ar mieniWa, èrovnuli~ anda `saxalxo~ eklesiis statusi,
rogorc amas iTvaliswinebs evropis mravali demokratiuli qveynis konstitucia.
Tumca ki saxelmwifom aRiara qarTuli eklesiis warsuli roli da dado masTan
sakonstitucio SeTanxmeba.
naSromSi ganxilulia 50-ze meti saeklesio kreba, romelTa analizic aCvenebs,
rom
saqarTvelos eklesiam
SeZlo Tavisi
xalxisaTvis
SeenarCunebina
wmida
marTlmadidebeli sarwmunoeba urTules XIX-XX ss-Si, rac safuZveli iqneba
imisaTvis, rom momavalSi kvlav daiWiros is adgili sazogadoebaSi, rac niSneuli
iyo misTvis warsulSi.
735
daskvna msoflio saeklesio krebebisa qarTvel episkoposTa monawileobiT
naSromSi Seswavlilia msoflio saeklesio da saerTaSoriso mniSvnelobis

krebebi qarTvel, anu istoriuli saqarTvelos miwa-wyalze IV s-dan moRvawe
episkoposTa monawileobiT. Seicavs 9 paragrafs. pirvelSi ganxilulia 325 wels
nikeaSi Semdgari I msoflio saeklesio kreba, romelSic ori qarTveli episkoposi
monawileobda _ biWvinTeli stratofile da trapizunteli domnusi. II msoflio
saeklesio krebis (381 w.) kanonebs episkoposma pantofile iberielma moawera xeli,
III msoflio saeklesio krebis (431 w.) suliskveTebis Seqmna-SemuSavebaSi monawileobda qarTveli e.w. qarTlis `sparsuli nawilis~ episkoposi ieremia. IV msoflio
saeklesio krebas eswrebodnen sebastopolis episkoposi kirioni da trapezunteli
episkoposi atarve. calke paragrafi eZRvneba cnobis ganxilvas _ V msoflio (553
w.) krebis muSaobaSi monawileobdnen Tu ara petras episkoposi ioane da agreTve
faziseli da sebastopoleli episkoposebi? paragrafi gamowvlilviT aanalizebs
wyaroTa
cnobebs, sadac gamokvleulia, rom dasavleT saqarTvelos
`lazTa
episkoposebi~ Sediodnen prokofi kesarielis mier moxseniebul im `kaTalikosis~
iurisdiqciaSi, romelsac saerTod aqauri qristianebi eqvemdebarebodnen. es kaTalikosi ki mcxeTeli pirvelierarqia. maSasadame, aRniSnul dros dasavleT saqarTvelos e.w. `sofluri~ adgilebi qarTlis kaTalikosis iurisdiqciaSi Sediodnen,
mxolod zRvispira ramdenime berZnul-romauli cixe-simagre (qalaqi) ar Sedioda
mis iurisdiqciaSi. mxolod 620-30-iani wlebidan, mas Semdeg, rac sparseTSi
molaSqre herakle keisarma qarTlis samefos Camoacila zRvispira teritoriebi
(klarjeTis bolodan vidre mdinare klisuramde), konstantinopolis sapatriarqom
sabolood ganaxorciela Tavisi iurisdiqcia dasavleT saqarTvelos am zRvispira
miwa-wyalze. qarTuli wyaroebis mixedviT, VI msoflio saklesio krebam (681 w.)
aRiara saqarTvelos eklesiis mravali, maT Soris sapatriarqo eklesiad wodebis
ufleba, rom ìyos kaTalikosi qarTlisa swori patriarqTa Tana~, rom `wmida
eklesia saqarTveloYsa, romelic aris wmida mcxeTa, iyos swor pativiTa viTarca
wmidani samociqulo kaTolike eklesiani~. aseve ganusazRvravs qarTuli eklesiis
iurisdiqciis sazRvrebi. am sakiTxis rkvevas eZRvneba calke paragrafi. miCneulia,
rom radganac, imJamad somxeTisa da albaneTis kaTalikosebsac gaaCndaT patriarqis
wodeba,
aseTi
wodeba
qarTuli
eklesiis
meTaursac
unda hqonoda.
`did
sjuliskanonSi~ Semaval e.w. `gumbadis~ anu trulis saeklesio krebas (691 w.)
xels aweren foTis (fasisis) episkoposi Teodore da petronis (cixisZiris)
episkoposi ioane. am sakiTxs Seiswavlis calke paragrafi. calke paragrafiT
SeviswavleT qarTveli episkoposebis monawileoba VII msoflio wmida saeklesio
krebaze (787), mis dadgenilebas xeli moawera fazisel-trapizuntelma episkoposma
qristeforem. calke paragrafi ixilavs qarTveli episkoposebis monawileobas
ferara-florenciis krebaze (1438 w). am krebas, romelic iyo ara `msoflio
kreba~, aramed kreba, romelSic monawileobdnen konstantinopolis, antioqiis,
ierusalimis sapatriarqoebi da sxva marTlmadidebeli adgilobrivi eklesiebi, maT
Soris ruseTisa. am krebis gadawyvetilebebs qarTuli eklesiis oficialurma
delegaciam krebazeve ar moawera xeli. qarTuli wyaros cnobiT, am krebaSi
monawileobdnen qarTlis sakaTalikosodan axtaleli episkoposi danieli, vaxuStis
cnobiT, mitropoliti sofroni da erTi sxva qarTveli episkoposi, xolo
afxazeTis sakaTalikosodan Semoqmedeli episkoposi iakobi.
736
gamokvlevidan naTlad Cans, rom I msoflio krebidanve saqarTvelos eklesias

umWidroesi kavSiri hqonda msoflio eklesiasTan da Tavisi warmomadgeneli
episkoposebis saSualebiT monawileobda msoflio saeklesio samarTlis SeqmnaSemuSavebaSi.
daskvna `saqarTvelos eklesiis mmarTveli ierarqiisa~
1. gamoirkva, rom qarTuli eklesiis ierarqiuli mowyobis saxe Seesabameboda

mociqulTa 34-e kanons. am kanonis Tanaxmad, II-III ss-Si da IV s-is dasawyisSi
pirvelqristianul èrebs~ hyavdaT Tavisi episkoposebi da maT Soris `pirveli~.
saxelmwifos mier qristianuli eklesiis aRiarebis epoqaSi provinciaTa sazRvrebi
daamTxvies eTnojgufebis (xalxebis, erebis) gansaxlebis sazRvrebs, amitomac 34-e
kanoniT èri~ gauTanabrda romaul provincias. am kanonis Sesabamisad, Tavdapirvelad yvela
provinciis
eklesia iyo
TavisTavadi da
imarTeboda sakuTari
episkoposebis krebis mier. TandaTan aseTi eklesiebi romis imperiis axali dayofis
Sesabamisad gaerTiandnen diocezebSi, saegzarqosoebSi da sabolood, sapatriarqo
eklesiebSi. dakarges TavisTavadoba da moewynen axali administraciuli mmarTvelobis Sesabamisad. saqarTvelo ar iyo romis imperiis nawili, amitomac misi eklesia
ver gaerTiandeboda romaul diocezSi, qarTulma eklesiam SeinarCuna Tavisi
mowyobis Tavdapirveli saxe. bolomde, avtokefaliis gauqmebamde, adgilobrivi
eklesiis mier gamorCeuli erTi meTauriT (miuxedavad imisa, rom am meTaurs
saukuneTa mixedviT uwodebdnen sxvadasxva saxelebs: `mTavarepiskoposs~, `kaTolikoss~, `patriarqs~) ierarqiuli mmarTvelobis saxe ucvleli rCeboda da iyo
Sesabamisi 34-e kanonisa. CvenSi istoriulad arsebobda ori aseTi saeklesio olqi:
afxazeTis sakaTalikoso da qarTlis sakaTalikoso. unda aRiniSnos isic, rom XIXIV ss-Si saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi erTianobis dros saqarTvelos sapatriarqoSi viTarca erTian administraciul erTeulSi orive (zemoT aRniSnuli
sakaTalikoso) iyo gaerTianebuli. qarTlis kaTalikoss mieniWa sruliad saqarTvelos patriarqis tituli, romelsac, viTarca uxucess, eqvemdebareboda afxazeTis
kaTalikosi.
2. saqarTvelos eklesiis ierarqTa Soris gamoirCeoda qorepiskoposi (VII-XV sssa da mis Semdgomac). amiT qarTlis eklesia gansxvavdeboda `berZnuli~ (msoflio)
eklesiisagan, saqme isaa, rom (romaul) bizantiur eklesiaSi qorepiskoposis
instituti
moispo
Sesabamisi
saeklesio
kanonmdeblobiT
IV s-Si
ankiriis,
neokesariis, laodokiis da sxv. krebaTa kanonebiT. IV s-is meore naxevridan
qorepiskoposTa instituti gaqra msoflio saeklesio cxovrebidan. qarTul eklesiaSi ki misi mniSvneloba ucvleli darCa. amitomac, gamovTqvamT mosazrebas, rom
qarTuli eklesia ierarqiulad organizaciulad iqamde, IV s-mde iyo Seqmnili.
masSi iseTi Zlieri yofila ZvelTaganve msoflio eklesiaSi arsebuli ierarqiuli
institutebi, rom IV s-Ta akrZalvebma da, ufro metic, am institutis saerTod
gauqmebam msoflio eklesiaSi, qarTulze gavlena ver iqonia da qorepiskoposebis
instituti CvenSi bolomde arsebobda.
qarTul eklesias V s-Si rom mieRo avtokefalia, misi zemdgomi berZnuli
eklesia imJamindeli saeklesio kanonmdeblobiT saqarTvelos eklesiaSi qorepiskopo-
737
sis instituts ar SemoiRebda da igi CvenSi arc iarsebebda, vTqvaT, iseve, rogorc
ar arsebobda Tavisi Tavdapirveli mniSvnelobiT rusul eklesiaSi.
3. mwignobarTuxucesi, es upirvelesi saxelmwifoebrivi mniSvnelobis saxelo
qarTuli eklesiis xelSi iyo moqceuli istoriulad. rac unda miuTiTebdes
saxelmwifo samarTlis sferosa da saxelmwifo sammarTvelo sistemaze qarTuli
eklesiis ZvelTaganve arsebul zegavlenas, magaliTad, V s-is dasawyisSi qarTlis
kaTalikosi glonoqori imavdroulad iyo saxelmwifos uzenaesi xelisufali:
erisTavi qarTlisa da hereTisa.
4. moZRvarT-moZRvari, `rjulis moZRvarTa~ uxucesi, pirvelqristianul TemSi,
`didaqes~ Tanaxmad, didi mniSvneloba eniWeba moZRvrobis instituts. saxelmwifos
mier qristianobis aRiarebis Semdeg `moZRvrebis~ damoukidebelma institutma
Tavisi funqciebi dakarga, magram
aRmosavleTis eklesiebSi maT didad SeinarCunes
Tavisi didi gavlena da mniSvneloba, somxeTSi gadaiqcnen `vardapetebad~ (rjulis
mcodne maswavleblebad), saqarTveloSi ki, `moZRvrebad~. daZabuloba da konfliqti
episkoposebsa da `didaskaloi~-ebs (moZRvrebs) Soris istoriulad gadailaxa IV sSi. sabolood, msoflios eklesiaSi es instituti IV s-is Semdeg gauqmda.
saqarTveloSi ki SemorCa, am SemTxvevaSic ki unda vivaraudoT, rom qarTuli
eklesiis organizeba rom momxdariyo IV s-is Semdeg `moZRvrobis~ instituti
CvenSic ar Camoyalibdeboda.
qarTuli ierarqiis Seswavla safuZvels gvaZlevs vivaraudoT, rom IV-V
saukuneebSi qarTuli eklesiis zemdgomi eklesia ar yofila bizantiuri eklesiebi
da, Sesabamisad, qarTuli eklesia Camoyalibda II-III saukuneebSi, is CamoyalibebisTanave TavisTavadi iyo mcire aziis mezobeli eklesiebis msgavsad. amas miuTiTebs
qorepiskoposisa da moZRvris, sxva msgavsi institutebis arseboba CvenSi bizantiuri
saeklesio akrZalvebis mouxedavad.
amasve unda miuTiTebdes iseTi Zveli sxva institutebis da tradiciis
ucvleli arseboba CvenSi, rogoric aris àRapi~ (àRapi~ CvenSi XX saukunemde
arseboda, maRal mTaSi ki vidre dRemdea SemorCenili, msoflio eklesiaSi ki
àRapi~ kanonmdeblobiT aikrZala IV saukuneSi). aseve vTqvaT aRmosavleTis
eklesiebisaTvis I saukuneebidanve damaxasiaTebeli saqonlis (kuratis,
cxvris,
frinvelis) `Sewirva~, anda wirva samRvdelo Sesamoselis gareSe (rac Cven
`soflur~ eklesiebSi SemorCenili iyo TviT XI saukunemde da sxv).
qarTuli ierarqiis Seswavla saSualebas iZleva gamoiTqvas mosazreba, rom
qarTul eklesias IV-V ss-Si ar hyavda zemdgomi eklesiebi da is Camoyalibebuli
iyo qristianobis I ss-Sive mcire aziis berZnuli eklesiebis (galateas, pontos,
frigiis) msgavsad.
738

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742
METROPOLIT ANANIA JAPARIDZE

CHURCH SYNODS IN GEORGIA
Basic Conclusion
Due to a frequency and a depth of crimes caused by heavy foreign and internal circumstances, for
rooting out of which the state power (i.e. the powers of the King and of the nobility) seemed to be
insufficient, to exercise the Churchs authority and its effective involvement has become necessary, that
was reflected in the juristic science. Owing to an increased role of the Church in the States affairs
number of issues related to the State Law and the everyday civilian life were regulated by norms of the
canonic law, within the limits of competence of the Church Courts.
(To make a clear idea about the powers of the Catholicos throughout the country and of the bishops
in the region we may consider an example of the Atskuri Bishop: A large number of important criminal
and civil cases were subordinated to the competence of the Court of the Atskuri Bishop, who had
exercised the supreme legal powers together with Atabagi. His limits of authority covered also the
major state crimes. The powers of Atabagi and of the Atskuri Bishop were integrated and had a
certainly mixed nature as regards to the criminal cases. At the same time the Church regulated the civil,
family and heritage-related matters).
The Georgian Church from the very beginning obtained the features of a state establishment.
Therefore, its legal aspects were closely connected with the State Law. As a rule (not taking into account
some major exceptions), the Church Synod (Council) in Georgia represented a State Darbazi (The State
Council Sitting). For instance, while considering or discussing on the church-related matters, the State
Darbazi was transforming into the Church Synod. This was promoted by the fact that the leaders of
the State Darbazi the clergy were the top officials of the State: two catholicoses: Catholicos of Kartli
and Catholicos of Abkhazeti, Mtsignobartukhutsesi-Tchkondideli and head of Bishops, while the significant part of the Darbazi members were the bishops and the other priest. The Synod of such the
membership (with participation of both civil and church officials) was empowered (with a participation or by an order of the King) to resolve the church related matters, i.e. the Darbazi as the Church
Synod adopted and issued the Church Laws and Orders, belonging not only to the Church sphere, but to
the Civil Law, too and expressing the integrity of the State and Church Powers.
CURRENT CHURCH SYNODS IN GEORGIA
An analysis of Church Synods (Both Legislative and current ones) based upon reviewing the
Church Laws illustrates that the Georgian Church from the very beginning of its formation was a
singled-out church unit, independent from other churches. Since the IV century a process of integration
of the church and the state (civil) power has started. This fact is well-illustrated in Moktsevai
Kartlisai, that says that the head bishop Glonikor is Mtskheta was considered to be Eristavi of Kartli
and Hereti region (the highest State person). According to Arsen Sapareli, in the times of governance of
Persian, the same right were granted to the Church of Armenia Within the period of legal chaos of
governance of Arabs, who controlled only partially some regions of Georgia and Georgian State Power
has not been yet formed completely, the Georgian Church enabled to subordinate under its jurisdiction
both the civil and the church powers. According to ecclesiastical laws of that time, the bishop was
considered a Second King and a creator of the Christian legal norms (see Article 102 of the Legal
Code of Bagrat Kurapalati). Perhaps, this factor caused an integrated civil-and-church nature of
powers of Kakheti cor-episkopian unit, subordination of civil-and-church powers by Head Bishop of
Samtskhe Giorgi Shuartklerli and by cor-bishops (representatives of the Bishop) of Svaneti and mountainous regions of the Eastern Georgia under their jurisdiction. We think that the same rights were
granted to the bishops of Chkondidi in Abkhaseti, to whom the Byzantian Emperor has granted various
titles of honor (Svingeloz, Protoupertimoc) until Georgias unification. Since the times Georgia has
become an unifed state, the above mentioned situation of the Church reflected also on the state (civil)
governance. One of the clear examples is fact that Mtsignobartukhutsesi-Chkondideli has become a
leader of the State Power. This fact is analyzed in details in the given Work. A fact of integration of
the church and civil powers is a type of conversation of church synods in Ancient Georgia. As a rule
(there are Large number of examples in the Work in this regards) the State Darbazi (council) when
considering the church-related matters was transformed into the Church Synod and adopted the
church canons. Sittings of the Darbazi were held in Kinggs Palace and all the laws adopted were
considered as the highest legislative norms (according to Kartlis Tskhovreb).
There words of an annalist are confirmed by our surveys, as well. As a result of a an analysis of
number of church synods we came to conclusion that a main reason of this unusual fact was an until of
civil and church powers.
743
GEORGIAN BISHOPS ON ECUMENICAL COUNCILS

Basic Conclusion
The work considers the Ecumenical Councils and the other ones having an international importance,in which Bishops from Georgia were participated. The work consists of 9 chapters.
The first chapter describes the I Ecumenical Council held in Nikea in 325 a.d., in which two Georgian
bishops Stratophyl from Pitsunda and Domnus from Trapezund were participated. The canons of II
Ecumenical Council (381 a.d.) were signed by the Iberian bishop Pantophiler. In formation of a sprint of
III Ecumenical Council (431 a.d.) the bishop Ieremia of a so called Persian part of Kartli took part.
Bishop of Sebastopol and Bishop of Atarve were the participants of IV Ecumenical Council.
A separate chapter of the Work is devoted to consideration of an issue related to participation of
the bishop Ioane from petra in the V Ecumenical Council and the bishops from Phazisi and Sebastopol.
The Chapter provides a detal analysis of historical chronicles and sources, from which it becomes clear
that the lazi Bishops from Western Georgia were subordinated to the jurisdiction of the Catholikos
from Mtskheta, mentioned by Prokophi from Kessaria. In tat times the so called settlements of Western
Georgia, excluding some forts (towns) of Rome-Greece origin located at the seashore of the Black Sea were
also under the jurisdiction of the Catholicos of Kartli. Beginning from 620-30 a.d. as a result of
military campaign of Byzantian Emperor Heraclus to Persia, when the emperor has subordinated to his
jurisdiction a part of the territory of Kartli (from Klarjeti to the river of Kelasuri), the Patriarchy of
Konstantinopolis has finally covered under its jurisdiction these lands of Wstern Georgia.
According to Georgian sources, VI Economical (681 a.d.) confirmed many rights of Georgian
Church, including the right to name itself as the Church of the patriarch and the right of Catholicos of
Kartli to be equal with Patriarch and acknowledge the holly spirit of Georgian Church of Mtskheta
equally with the catholic Churches. VI Ecumenical Council has also determined the boundaries of
jurisdiction of Georgian Church. A separated chapter is devoted to the study of this matter. It has
been proved that while the Catholicoses of Armenia and Albania had a title of Patriarch, the same title,
obviously, was granted to Georgian Patriarch, as well. The Georgian Nomokanon says the Church
Canons of so called Trule Council (691 a.d.) were signed by the bishop Teodor from Poti (Phazisi) and
Bishop Ioane from Tsikhisdziari.
This matter is provided in a separate of the Work.
A separate chapter is devoted also to VII Ecumenical Council (787 a.d.) the resolution of which
was signed by bishop Christopore of Phazisi and Trapezund.
A separate chapter describes a participation of Georgian Bishops in Ferrera-Phlorenzia Council
(1481 a.d.). The latter was not called a Ecumenical Council. It was a one in which the bishops from
Konstantinopolis, Antiokia, Jerusalem and other orthodox churches, including the Russian Church,
were taking part. Resolution of this Council was not signed by Georgian delegation at all. According
to Georgian Chronicles, the Council was attended by the Bishop Daniel from Akhtala, who represented
Kartli and the Bishop Iaacob from Shemokmedi, Abkhazeti.
The researches and studies performed within the frames of the present Work illustrates clearly that
beginning from I Ecumenical Council the Georgian Church had established close contacts with the
international ecclesiastical society through its representatives,participating in elaboration and formation of the international Church Canons.
SYNODS OF GEORGIAN CHURCH IN XIX-XX CENTURIES

The work consideres more than fifty local synods of the Georgian Church. The analysis of these
synods shows that the Georgian Church managed to preserve for the nation the holly spirit of the
Orthodox church in the very controversial period of XIX-XX centuries. This will serve as a basis for
returning back to the Georgian Church its usual place in the society.
GOVERNING HIERARCHY OF GEORGIAN CHURCH
A close study of the Georgian Church enables us to express an opinion that in IV-V centuries the
Georgian Church had no superior church (i.e. the Georgian Church had not been subordinated to a
jurisdiction of any other church) and it was created in the first centuries of the Christianity like the
other neighboring churches of the Middle East (Galatia, Ponto, Phrygia)
744
saxelmwifo mmarTvelobis sistema

aTabagobis institutis SemoRebamde
mefe _ saxelmwifo darbazi
m
saxelmw.
sabWo
saeklesio
kreba
saxelmwifo darbazi (sakanonmdeblo organo)

a) òTxi beri~: 1. sruliad saqarTvelos patriarqi, 2. afxazeTis kaTalikosi,
3. moZRvarT-moZRvari, 4. mwignobarTuxuces-Wyondideli
b) episkoposebi;
samefo saxlis
gamgebeli
g) erisTavT-erisTavni;
d) `saqveyno saqmeTa gamrigeni~;
e) erisTavni;
v) `mecnierni sabWoTa saqmeTani~ _
iuristi aznaurebi.
aRmasrulebeli organo
savaziro
(safinanso da
sxva uwyebebi)
sasamarTlo uwyeba
armia
spasalari
saajo kari
ùRonoTa, qvrivTa da
xelisampyrobelTa~
saqmeebis ganxilva
qalaqebis
mmarTveloba
qalaqebis amirebi
Tbilisis
amira-mouravi,
sxva qalaqebis
mouravebi,
Surta, mebaJeebi,
mwonavebi
sqemis avtoria mitropoliti anania jafariZe
policia
mandaturTuxucesi,
CuxCarexi da sxva
745
mecnierebaTa doqtori, profesori bondo arvelaZe
mitropolitis, prof. anania jafariZis `saqarTvelos

saeklesio krebebi~ (t. I, t. II, t. III, Tb, 2003) da qarTuli eklesiis
istoriis zogierTi sakiTxi
mitropolitis, prof. anania jafariZis monografia _ `saqarTvelos saeklesio

krebebi~ gamosca gamomcemloba `meranma~ (2003 w.) sam wignad. pirvel wignSi Seswavlilia
XII-XX saukuneebSi saqarTveloSi mowveuli 15 saeklesio sakanonmdeblo kreba. avtors
am krebebis iuridiuli mniSvneloba ganxiluli aqvs msoflio sayovelTao eklesiaTa
krebebis mier miRebuli sakanonmdeblo dadgenilebebTan mimarTebaSi. qarTuli saeklesio
samarTali, erTi mxriv, msoflio saeklesio kanonmdeblobas efuZneba da mis saeklesio
kanonmdeblobis saTaves msoflio krebebi Seadgenen, meore mxriv ki, aseTad SeiZleba
miviCnioT saqarTvelos saeklesio adgilobrivi krebebi. amdenad, mitropoliti, prof.
anania jafariZe marTebulad iqceva, roca mimoixilavs zogadad samarTlis istorias
da mkiTxvels awvdis am dargSi arsebuli problemebis Sesaxeb mecnierul informacias.
kidev ufro mniSvnelovania masSi warmodgenili saqarTvelos saeklesio samarTlis
kvlevis istoria. erTi ki aqve gvsurs aRvniSno _ es naSromi saqarTvelos saeklesio
krebebis erTiani monogr afiuli Seswavlis pirveli cdaa, riTac misi mecnieruli
mniSvneloba ganuzomlad izrdeb a. naSromis Sesaval nawilSi warmodgenilia im
qarTvel mecnierTa moRvaweoba, romelTac amagi dasdes qarTuli saeklesio samarTlis
Seswavlis saqmes. am dargSi pirveli iyo niko xizaniSvili (urbneli).
gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania iv. javaxiSvilis damsaxureba am dargSi, rac aRniSnul monografiaSi
gamowvlilviT aris warmodgenili. am Temaze daweril iv.javaxiSvilis naSromTagan gamoirCeva `qarTuli samarTlis istoria~, or wignad, 1928 w. mitropoliti anania jafariZe mimoixilavs iv.
javaxiSvilis am monografias da warmoaCens didi mecnieris damsaxurebas saqarTvelos saeklesio
krebebis dadgenilebebis mecnieruli kvlevis saqmeSi. agreTve yuradRebiT ekideba k. kekeliZis
moRvaweobas am sferoSi da iZleva misi Sromebis mecnierul analizs. monografiaSi naCvenebia k.
kekeliZis mier moZiebuli saeklesio kanonmdeblobebis wyaroebi da masalebi. ganxiluli aqvs k.
kekeliZis cnobili naSromi _ `kanonikuri wyobileba Zvel saqarTveloSi~.
prof. anania jafariZe savsebiT marTalia, roca mRvdel polievqtos karbelaSvilis mier
saeklesio krebebis da saerTod eklesiis istoriis dargSi gaweuli amagis daufaseblobas
aRniSnavs. arada, mRvdeli p. karbelaSvili saqarTvelos eklesiis erT-erTi yvelaze mniSvnelovani
mkvlevaria, maT Soris vinc specialurad moRvaweobda mecnierebis am dargSi. misi wigni ìerarqia
saqarTvelos eklesiisa, kaTalikosni da mRvdelmTavarni~ (1900 w.) aris fundamentaluri gamokvleva.
am naSromis mniSvnelobis Sesafaseblad isic kmara, rom igi k.kekeliZis samagido wigni iyo. p.
karbelaSvils didad afasebda iv. javaxiSvili da mis zogierT daskvnas yovelgvari kritikis
gareSe iRebda. am naklis erTgvar gamosworebas cdilobs mitropoliti, prof. anania jafariZe da
saerTod vrclad ganixilavs mRvdel p. karbelaSvilis samecniero moRvaweobas.
746
prof. anania jafariZe gansakuTrebul yuradRebas uTmobs da farTod warmoadgens n. maris

Rvawls qarTuli eklesiis istoriis kvlevis saqmeSi. mas moaqvs n. maris araerTi mosazreba da mis
sasaxelod unda iTqvas, rom ukritikod ki ar iRebs, aramed maT SefasebaSi iCens kritikul damokidebulebas da cdilobs daafiqsiros sakuTari pozicia ama Tu im mecnieruli sakiTxis gadawyvetis
dros. magaliTad, n. maris mixedviT, qarTul eklesias IX s-mde ar hqonda mironis kurTxevis
ufleba. rogorc grigol xanZTelis cxovrebidan Cans, es ufleba man moipova 842-859 wlebSi, roca
man Sewyvita ierusalimidan mironis Semotana. am sakiTxSi n. mars ar eTanxmeba mitropoliti, anania
jafariZe da wers _ `qarTlis sakaTalikosoSi mironi IV-V saukuneebidanve ikurTxeboda. mogvianebiT
daarsebul
lazikis samitropolitos bazaze aRmocenebul afxazeTis sakaTalikosoSi,
konstantinopolSi xatmebrZoluri eresis gavrcelebis gamo, mironis Semotana daiwyes ierusalimidan

(konstantinopolis nacvlad), IX s-dan ki efrem didi mawyverelis mecadierobiT saeklesio normebis
gaTvaliswinebiT, ierusalimis sapatriarqos TanxmobiT, dawesda, rom afxazeTis (da ara àRmosavleTis~)
kaTalikosebs mironi ierusalimis nacvlad adgilzeve, qarTlSi unda miRoT, radganac àfxazeTic
qarTlia~, saeklesio erTianobis gamo afxazeTisaTvis saWiro mironis kurTxeva `qarTls ganewesa
IX s-dan~ (gv. 56). vfiqrob, damajerebeli da argumentirebuli mosazrebaa da misaRebad migvaCnia.
prof. anania jafariZes vrclad aqvs ganxiluli vardapetobis instituti somxeTSi, romlis
uZveles formad miiCnevs msoflio pirvelqristianuli eklesiis `didaskaloAs~ da qarTuli
moZRvrobis instituts qarTlSi. unda aRiniSnos, rom vardapetis da moZRvris Sesabamisobis
sakiTxi pirvelad gamoikvlia n. marma. mas miaCnda, somxuri saeklesio wyaroebis mixedviT vardapeti
niSnavda ara bers, anda ubralo arqimandrits, aramed moZRvars (maswavlebels). es Sexeduleba
gaiziara qarTuli samarTlis istoriis specialistma, prof. g. nadareiSvilma. rig SemTxvevaSi
saero da sasuliero Zalaufleba erT xelSi iyo. amis magaliTad miaCnia n. mars WyondidelmwignobarTuxucesis instituti. ise Cans, moZRvarTa instituts iseTive mniSvneloba hqonda saqarTveloSi,
rogorc vardapetT _ somxeTSi. es iyo saxelmwifoebriv gaerTianebamde, magram gaerTianebis Semdeg
Tavis gverdiT ver igua Zlieri da damoukidebeli eklesia da moZRvrobis instituts uflebani
Seukveca. amas mowmobs ruis-urbnisis krebis me-12 kanoni _ `moZRvar wodebulTa maT monazonTa~.
am kanonis mixedviT _ `pirvelad amas ganvsazRvrebT raTa umRvdelosa ara xelewifebodes
ganmkiTxvelobad sulTa, araTu episkoposi iyos, anu mRvdeli anu diakoni, rameTu pirvelad
Sekvrisa da gaxsnisa xelmwifobasa uxams qonebad da egreTRa gankiTxvisa sulTaisa xelyofad~
(didi sjulis kanoni, 1975, gv. 551). ai, am kanons ganmartavs ra mitropoliti anania jafariZe wers
_ am kanonis mixedviT gamodis, rom mecnierul ganaTlebas, ris gamoc bevri iRebda `moZRvaris~
wodebas, mniSvneloba aRar hqonda. amitom moZRvris wodeba SeiZleboda miniWeboda mciremcodne
bers, magram nakurTx, anu xeldasxmul sasuliero pirs. amis axsna krebis me-12 kanoniT aris
gamarTlebuli `Sekvrisa da ganxsnis xelewifeba~ marTlac aqvs mociqulTagan memkvidreobiT
xeldasxmul episkoposs, mRvdelsa da diakons~. rac Seexeba ZvelqarTul `moZRvars~-didaskaloA,
rogorc n. mari SeniSnavs _ misi umTavresi upiratesoba aris mecnieruli codna da am codnis
ufleba msajulobisa, maswavleblobis da a. S. n. mars miaCnda, rom Zvel somxeTSi vardapetebi
TavianTi uflebamosilebiT Rirseul simaRleze idgnen. Zveli somxuri saeklesio wyobilebis
Tanaxmad, maT sapatio adgili ekavaT sazogadoebriv urTierTobaTa sistemaSi. maT Soris samarTal
Semoq medeb is s fer oSi. n. mari Tvlida, rom feodalur i s omxeTi qarTuli
samefos SemadgenlobaSi Sedioda, magr am da istoriuli tao-k larjeTi mas
somxeTis yofil nawilad miaCnda, amitom am institu ts q ar Tu l ekles iaze
gavlena u nda moexdina. am mos azr eb as ar iziar eb s mitr op oliti anania
jafariZe da aRniSnavs _ `sinamdvileSi, marTalia, VI s-is Semdeg q arTvelTa
747
qveyana tao da nawilob riv misi mimdeb are qarTuli mxareebi somxuri eklesiis
gavlenis sferoSi imyofeboda, arabTa Semosevebis Semdeg bizantielTa gavleniT
am qar Tulma kuTxeebma Tavi daaRwies somxu r saeklesio batonobas da VIIIIX sauku neebSi daubrundnen qarTul deda eklesias~ (gv. 58). vfiqrob, marTebuli
da safuZvliani azria da misi gaziareba mouwevs zogierT mkvlevar s.
p r of. anania jafar iZe s Se s avalSi m im oxilu li aq vs agr e Tve al.
vaCeiSvilis, iv. surgulaZis, g. nadareiSvilis, z. ratianis, e. gabiZaSvilis, b.
lominaZis, is . doliZis da sxvaTa Sromebi.
naSr omis pir vel nawilSi war modgenilia dRemde moRweu li s aek lesio
samarTlis wyaroebi. im wyaroTagan gansakuTrebiT sayuradReboa _ `swavleba
1 2 mociqu lis a~ ( `didaq e~), r omelic I-II s auk u neebis mijnas ganeku Tvneba,
Semdeg modis msoflio saekles io kr eb ebi da maTi kanoneb i. mokled ar is
ga nx ilu li Sv id ive m s of li o s ae k le s io k r eb a. ga an ali ze b u l i agr eT ve
adgilob rivi mniSvnelob is s aek les io kr ebeb i da k anoneb i. mTeli II Tavi
eZRvneb a s aek les io samar Tlis wyar oeb is p irvel q ar Tu l Tar gmaneb s . iv.
ja va xi Sv il is a zr iT , VI s -i s b o lo s da V II s -i s da s a wy is Si m s o fl io
sakanonmdeblo Zeglebis qarTu li Tar gmaneb i gadmoRebu li unda yofiliyo.
am mos azr ebis misaRebad Tvlis mitrop oliti, prof. anania jafariZe.
naS r omis s ayu r adR eb o n awili a is Tavi, r ome lSic, Sei Zleb a iTq v as ,
zedmiwevniT aris gaanalizebuli saqar Tvelos saekles io samarTlis wyaroebi.
am wyar oebis kvleva sakmaod srulad aris warmodgenili. avtori aRniSnavs, rom
adgilobrivi, erovnuli eklesiis samarTlis erT-erT ZiriTad wyaros Seadgens sakuTari krebebis
dadgenilebani. magram im SemTxvevaSi, Tu eklesia avtokefaluria, Tu mas ara aqvs avtokefalia, maSin
misi samarTlis wyaroa zemdgomi, kiriarqaluri eklesiis dadgenilebani. avtokefaliis miRebamde
saqarTvelos eklesiis samarTlis ZiriTadi wyaro iyo kiriarqaluri eklesia. es eklesiebi
gaxldnen konstantinopolis eklesia _ IV s-is dasawyisidan, Semdeg ki antioqiis iurisdiqciis
qveS moeqca V s-Si. istorikosebis am daskvnas ar eTanxmeba mitropoliti, prof. anania jafariZe.
misi azriT, radgan konstantinepoli imperiis dedaqalaqad akurTxes 330 wels, xolo am dros
konstantinepolis episkoposi emorCileboda TrakiaSi myof Tavis mitropolits, gamodis
konstantinepols IV s-is 30-ian wlebSi Tavisi normaluri sididis eparqiac ki ar gaaCnda. mas
mTeli saukune dasWirda Tavi iurisdiqciaSi moeqcia 451 wlis qalkedonis msoflio krebis
dasturiT iqamde avtokefaluri diocezebi Trakiisa, asiisa da pontosi. radgan es asea, maSin ismis
kiTxva, rodis daarsda oficialuri qarTuli eklesia. am kiTxvaze sakuTari pasuxi aqvs mitropolit
anania jafariZes. mecnierTa mosazrebaTa safuZvelze qarTuli eklesia daarsda an 317 an 326, an
337 wlebSi. avtori ase msjelobs _ qarTuli eklesia Tu daarsda 326 wels, maSin konstantinepolis
iurisdiqciaSi moxvedra gamoricxulia. Tu daarsda 337 wels axlad daarsebuli (330)
konstantinepolis episkoposs ar SeeZlo Tavis iurisdiqciaSi moeqcia qarTuli eklesia. radgan
jer TviTon ar iyo momZlavrebuli. davuSvaT, moendomebina, mainc ver SeZlebda, radganac maSin
konstantinepolsa da saqarTvelos Soris pontos diocezis avtokefaluri eklesia iyo. ase rom,
`saeklesio samarTlis~ mixedviT, IV s-is 30-ian wlebSi aseTi daqvemdebareba SeuZlebeli iyo.
msgavsadve saeWvoa, antioqiis iurisdiqcias Cveni eklesiis mimarT~ (gv. 128). mitropoliti, prof.
anania jafariZe am mosazrebis safuZvlianobis dasamtkiceblad moaqvs giorgi mTawmindelis
748
debuleba, romlis Tanaxmad qarTuli eklesia daarsebuli iqna ara IV s-Si, aramed I-II saukuneebSi
TviT mociqulTa mier, rac miuTiTebs imaze, rom msgavsad sxva mociqulTa mier daarsebuli yvela
eklesiisa, qarTuli eklesiac daarsebisTanave avtokefaluri iyo, Tanaxmad imdroindeli saeklesio
samarTlisa. amitom antioqiis sapatriarqos pretenziebi qarTuli eklesiis mimarT ukanono iyo.
antioqiis eklesia arasdros yofila qarTuli eklesiis e. w. `deda eklesia~. giorgi mTawmindelis
mosazrebas mitropolit, prof. anania jafariZe nastakisSi aRmoCenili arqeologiuri masaliTac
amagrebs. am arqeologiuri masalis mixedviT Cans, rom II-III saukuneebSi qarTlSi qristianul
sarwmunoebas aramc Tu dabal, aramed sazogadoebis maRal fenebSic ki SeuRwevia.
prof. anania jafariZes erTgvari daskvnis saxiT gvTavazobs, roca aRniSnavs, balsamonis mier
naxsenebi àntioqiis krebis dadgenilebamde~, romelmac TiTqos petre III-is dros XI s-Si qarTul
eklesias avtokefalia mianiWa, qarTuli eklesia didi xnis avtokefaluri iyo, radgan saqarTvelos
episkoposebi ar emorCilebodnen ucxoeTis arc erT patriarqs. yoveli adgilobrivi saeklesio
wesi saqarTveloSive `ganegeba~. saqarTvelos eklesiaSi `TviT daisumen kaTalikosTa da episkoposTa~
(gv. 140). am mosazrebis gasamkvidreblad imowmebs giorgi mTawmindels. mas saqarTvelos da
antioqiis eklesiebi Tanabari uflebebis mqone, TavisTavad eklesiebad miaCnda. giorgi mTawmindeli
ar cnobda antioqiis saydrisadmi qarTuli eklesiis daqvemdebarebas arc erT droSi, arc
winasaukuneebSi da arc mis dros. I-II saukuneebSi saqarTvelos eklesia mociqulT mier iyo
daarsebuli. e. i. avtokefaluri, rac Seexeba mironis kurTxevas, Zvelad am uflebis upiratesobiT
episkoposebi sargeblobdnen. episkoposTa es ufleba ufro ganamtkica karTagenis krebebma IV s-Si.
VI-VII s.s. somxeTisa da albaneTis eklesiebi mirons TviTonve akurTxebdnen. amasTan dakavSirebiT
gvsurs aRvniSno, prof. anania jafriZes mecnierulad aqvs dasabuTebuli is faqti, rom samarTlebriTad
somxeTisa da albaneTis eklesiebis Tanatoli da Tanafardi qarTuli eklesiac TviTon xarSavda
mirons ZvelTaganve. es miT ufro sarwmunoa, rom IV saukunidanve uflis kvarTze amosuli
sveticxovlis Ziridan mironi gadmoedineboda, marTalia mcire raodenobiT, magram mas urevdnen
xarSvisas wminda mirons.
gamowvlilviT aris gaanalizebuli saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebi dvinis krebidan ruisurbnisis krebamde (VI-XI ss.), ruis-urbnisis krebis Semdgomi periodi (XII-XIII ss.), mimoxilulia
qarTuli saxelmwifoebriobis gauqmebis xanis saeklesio samarTlis Zeglebi `saeklesio samarTlis
wyaroebi avtokefaliis gauqmebis dros~. saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefalia mefis ruseTma
gaauqma 1811 wlis 30 ivniss. qarTuli eklesiis Serwyma rusulTan kanonikurad ar momxdara,
radganac es unda momxdariyo kanonikur safuZvelze _ è. i. saqarTvelos da ruseTis eklesiaTa
adgilobrivi krebebis gadawyvetilebiT, aRmosavleTis patriarqTa dasturiT. sinamdvileSi ki
saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefalia gauqmebuli iqna ruseTis imperatoris nebasurviliT~ (gv. 205)
_ daaskvnis prof. anania jafariZe. SemdegSi moaqvs faqtebi Tu rogor gaauqmes eparqiebi saqarTveloSi,
qarTvel sasuliero pirTa protesti da maTi CaxSoba carizmis mier da sxv.
mokled, magram amomwuravad aris warmodgenili saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebi avtokefaliis
aRdgenis (1917w.) Semdeg.
monografiis meore nawili moicavs saqarTvelos eklesiis sakanonmdeblo krebebis mecnierul
analizs. es analizi ki aris Rrma da yovelmxrivi. SeiZleba iTqvas, saqarTvelos eklesiis
sakanonmdeblo krebebis amgvari mTliani, sruli da ak ademiuri kvleva dRemde

ar yofila Catarebuli Tu mxedvelobaSi ar miviRebT iv.javaxiSvilis adreul
naSromebs. erTi sityviT dawyebuli ruis-urbnisis saeklesio sakanonmdeblo krebidan (1103 w.)
vidre saqarTTvelos eklesiis aRdgenili avtokefaliis pirveli krebis (1917 w.) mier gacemuli
749
`debulebamde~, yvela saeklesio krebis mier miRebuli kanonebi, debulebebi da faqtebi gamowvlilviT
aris ganxiluli. XII-XVIII saukuneebSi ki sul Sedga _ 10 sakanonmdeblo kreba.
prof. anania jafariZis vrceli naSromis pirveli wigni mTavrdeba Sesabamisi daskvniT, romelSic
gadmocemulia kvlevis Sedegad miRebuli ZiriTadi debulebebi. am debulebebis ZiriTadi arsi
gamoixateba: saqarTvelos politikuri da ekonomiuri mdgomareobis gamo gamowveuli danaSaulobaTa
aRmosafxvrelad sakmarisi ar aRmoCnda saero (mefis da erisTavTa) Zalaufleba. amitom saWiro
gaxda eklesiis avtoriteti da misi energiuli Careva. yovelive aman asaxva hpova
samarTlis ZeglebSi. saxelmwifoSi eklesiis rolis amaRlebis gamo saero samarTlisa
da samoqalaqo cxovrebis mTeli rigi sakiTxebi kanonikuri samarTlis normebad
wesrigdeboda da saeklesio sasamarTloebis kompetencias Seadgenda. vfiqrobT, mokled,
magram zedmiwevniTi sisruliTaa avtoris mier warmoebuli kvlevis Sedegi.
prof. anania jafariZis sasaxelod unda iTqvas, rom igi aq ar gaCerebula,
gaugrZelebia kvleva da amave wels gamoucia meor e wigni. igi moicavs _
`saqarTvelos eklesiis mimdinare kreb ebi (IV-XVIII ss) `msoflio s aeklesio
krebebi qarTvel episkoposTa monawileobiT~. avtoris TqmiT, saqarTvelos eklesiis
arsebobis 1600 wlis manZilze aTasobiT saeklesio kreba unda yofiliyo mowveuli, magram,
samwuxarod, ramdenime kreba iyo gamovlenili da Seswavlili. amis mizezi marto is ki araa, rom
saeklesio samarTlis mecnieruli Seswavla gvian daiwyo (XIX s-is bolo da XX s-is dasawyisi),
anda aTeisturma reJimma Cqara Seaferxa igi, aramed isic gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom miuxedavad
mowveul krebaTa sakmaod didi ricxvisa, maT Sesaxeb pirdapiri cnobebi mcire raodenobiT SemorCa.
ZiriTadad `sjuldebis wignebSi~, tipikonebSi, saeklesio da samonastro krebulTa ganCinebebSi,
`dawerilebSi~, sigel-gujrebsa da sxva saeklesio samarTlis aqtebSi. isini iv. javaxiSvilis
azriT, marTalia, moqmedi saeklesio samarTlis piruTvnel sabuTebs warmoadgenen, magram maTSi
kvlevis Sesabamisi masalis moZieba did Sroma-garjasTan aris dakavSirebuli. da ai, prof.
a n a ni a j a fa r i Z e a r S e u S i n d a d a u R a la v S r om a s d a w l e b is m a n Zi l z e
k eTils indis ier i mecnier u li mu SaobiT gamovlina XIV-XX s s -Si Semdgar i
100-mde saeklesio kreba, maT Soris 15 sakanonmdeblo. IV-XVIII ss-Si mowveuli
21 da XIX-XX ss-Si Semdgari 50-mde mimdinare saeklesio kreba, maT garda 9
msoflio da saerTaSoriso mniSvnelobis kreba, romelTa muSaobaSi q arTveli
ep is koposebi monawileobdnen. es ki ar c Tu mcire mecnier uli warmateb aa
erTi mkvlevarisaTvis. rac Seexeba meore wigns, rogorc aRvniSneT, masSi ganxilulia
IV-XVIII ss-Si Semdgari 21 saeklesio kreba, maTgan zogierTi, marTalia, mowveuli iqna
saqarTvelos sazRvrebs gareT, magram mieZRvna saqarTvelos saeklesio sakiTxebs.
avtori sworad moiqca, roca am krebaTa mniSvnelovan nawils Tan daurTo maT mier
miRebuli saeklesio samarTlis Zeglebi. mitropolitma, prof. anania jafariZem ganxilul
saeklesio krebebs mowvevis adgilis mixedviT miakuTvna saxeli. man aseTi daskvna
SemogvTavaza: `Seswavlili saeklesio krebebis analizi adasturebs Zveli qarTuli
istoriografiis dabejiTebul mtkicebas iurisdiqciis sazRvrebis Sesaxeb (kerZod,
rom IV s-dan qarTuli eklesiis iurisdiqciaSi Sedioda ara mxolod aRmosavleT
saqarTvelo, aramed dasavleT saqarTvelo) Tavdapirvelad mdinare egrisis wylamde,
Semdeg ki mdinare klisuramde), saeklesio enis da sxvaTa Sesaxeb~ (gv. 6) SeiZleba
iTqvas am daskvnis faqtobriv mtkicebas da safuZvlian mtkicebas warmoadgens mTeli
am vrceli naSromis umetesi nawili.
750
saqarTvelos eklesiis istoria dRemde periodebad ar iyo dayofili. pr of.

anania jafariZem pirvelma dayo saqarTvelos eklesiis istor ia periodebad.
am dayofas safuZvlad daudo saqarTvelosa da misi eklesiis istoriis saxelmwifoebrivi,
social-politikuri da saeklesio cxovrebis etapobrivi ganviTareba. modelad ki
aiRo msoflio eklesiis istoriis perioduli sistema. qarTuli eklesiis istoriaSi
gamoyo sami periodi: Zveli moicavs _ pirveli saukunidan XII s-is dasawyisamde
(ruis-urbnisis krebamde 1103-1105), meore, anu Sua periodi moicavs xanas XII s-dan
XIX s-is dasawyisamde, avtokefaliis gauqmebamde (1811 w.), axali periodi moicavs
xanas XIX s-is 10-iani wlebidan vidre dRemde. rasakvirvelia, es periodizacia,
gansakuTrebiT pirveli periodi SeiZleba sadavo iyos, magram erTi ki faqtia, avtorma
warmoadgina qarTuli eklesiis istoriis periodizaciis miseuli mecnieruli xedva.
mogvca yoveli periodis Sesaxeb arsebuli qarTuli da araqarTuli saistorio wyaroebis
mimoxilva. mitropoliti, prof. anania jafariZe saerTod Tavis mecnierul memkvidreobaSi
da am naSromSi kategoriulad icavs im azrs, rom aRmosavleT da dasavleT saqarTvelo
erT eklesias Seadgenda IV-V ssSi. igi eyrdnoba ruis-urbnisis krebis dadgenilebas
aRniSnul sakiTxze. agreTve saerTod qarTvel wminda mamaTa, istoriografTa da
mematianeTa mier tradiciulad gansazRvrul Tvalsazriss.
prof. anania jafariZes Semdeg ganxiluli aqvs saqarTvelos eklesiis 19 mimdinare
kreba. yvela am krebis analizs ver warmovadgenT, magram zogierTs ki garkveulwilad
SevexebiT. miuxedavad imisa, qarTuli da somxuri eklesia VII s-is dasawyisSi sabolood
daSorda, maT Soris kamaTi religiur sakiTxebze mainc gagrZelda da rig SemTxvevaSi
mZafr xasiaTsac iRebda. es gauTavebeli diskusia qarTveli da somexi samRvdeloebisa qarTvel
mefeebs arasasurvel movlenad miaCndaT da cdilobdnen maT erTgvar morigebas. erT-erTi aseTi
mcdeloba iyo daviT aRmaSeneblis da Tamar mefis dros. daviT aRmaSeneblis dros 1123 wels
gamarTula qarTvel da somex sasuliero moRvaweTa paeqroba-kamaTi. avtoris TqmiT, somexma
RvTismetyvelebma daamcires qarTveli rjulis moZRvrebi, romelTac ara `moZRvrebi~, aramed
`moZRvarTsagonebelni~, e. i. viTom moZRvrebi uwodes. es Sefaseba subieqturi iyo. es iqidanac Cans,
rom am krebaSi monawileobdnen cnobili qarTveli sasuliero moZRvrebi, aviRoT Tundac arsen
iyalToeli, romelsac am dros Targmnili hqonda dogmatikur-polemikuri Txzulebani (`dogmatikoni~).
polemikur TxzulebaTagan 6 mimarTuli iyo iakobitTa, monofizitTa, xolo sami _ somxuri eklesiis
`somexTa~ winaaRmdeg.
msgavsi saeklesio kreba, paeqroba-kamaTi Tamar mefis drosac gamarTula qarTvel da somex
sasuliero moRvaweTa Soris. amis Semdeg gadauwyvetia amirspasalars ivane mxargrZelis
marTlmadideblad monaTvla da igi saqarTvelos kaTolikos ioanes mounaTlavs.
erT-erTi sayuradRebo Tavia _ svaneTis `saeklesio krebebi~ (XIII-XVIII ss). masSi ganxilulia
saeklesio samarTlis iseTi mniSvnelovani Zegli, rogoricaa _ `matiane suaneTisa krebisai~. mas
zogierTi mkvlevari pirobiTad hyofs `svaneTis saeklesio krebaTa pirvel matianed~ da `meore
matianed~. avtoris azriT, masSi aris Setanili is pirebi, romelTac raRac garkveuli Rvawli
miuZRviT eklesiis winaSe. ase rom, rogorc mitropoliti, prof. anania jafariZe SeniSnavs _ aq
saeklesio kreba pirdapiri gagebiT ar igulisxmeba. `pirveli matianes~ mTavari teqsti XIII-XV
saukuneebs moicavs da exeba svaneTis mRvdelmsaxurTa Semadgenlobas da svaneTis eklesiaTa
zogad aRweras, xolo `svaneTis saeklesio krebaTa mqone matiane~ _ svaneTis cxovrebis daqveiTebis
mZime XVII-XVIII saukuneTa xanas. es kvalifikacia ekuTvnis prof. g. gasvians (dasavleT saqarTvelos
mTianeTis istoriidan, 1979, gv. 62, 74).
751
prof. anania jafariZes miaCnia, rom qristianoba saqarTveloSi gavrcelda pirvel saukuneebSi,
mociqulTa droidan. IV saukunidan ki is Seicvala qristianuli eklesiis im epoqisaTvis misaRebi
formiT da sayovelTao xasiaTi miiRo. igi aviTarebs aseT azrs _ `pirvel saukuneTa qristianobas
specialistebi ìudaur qristianobas~ uwodeben, xolo Semdgoms èlinur qristianobas~ (gv. 193).
Semdeg avtori daaskvnis, rogorc Cans, IV saukunidan CvenSi gavrcelebulma elinurma mZlavrma
qristianobam, ver igua Zveli e. w. iudauri qristianoba da am Zvelma qristianulma mimdinareobam
mTebs Seafara Tavi. amis Semdgom mitropoliti, prof. anania jafariZe cdilobs daamtkicos, rom
saqarTvelos mTebSi mcxovrebi qarTveli mosaxleoba Rrma qristiani iyo da qristianobisaTvis
mzad iyo Tavis dasadebad. magram iqve SeniSnavs _ Tumca zogierTi iseTi wes-Cveulebac hqondaT,
romelTac axsnas ver uZebnian da warmarTobis elementebad miiCneven. aseTia magaliTad aRmosavleT
saqarTvelos mTaSi e. w. `sisxliT ganwmenda~. es rituali ki aseTia _ zvarakis sisxls asxureben
sxvadasxva Senobebsa da nivTebs, maT gansawmendad~. mitropolit, prof. anania jafariZe am Cveulebas
Tvlis ara warmarTobidan, an iudevelobidan momdinare ritualad, aramed fiqrobs, rom dafuZnebuli
unda iyos ìoanes gamocxadebis~ Semdeg muxlze _ `me vuTxari mas: ùfalo Cemo, Sen ici~ da man
miTxra: èseni arian didi gasaWiridan mosulebi, gairecxes TavianTi samosi da gaaspetakes isini
kravis sisxliT~ (gamocxadeba 7:4).
vfiqrobT, `gamocxadebis~ aRniSnuli muxli ar gamodgeba imis samtkiceblad, rom zvarakis
sisxliT ganwmenda modis qristianobidan. SesaZloa es Cveuleba modis ufro warmarTebidan an
iudevelebidan.
mitropoliti, prof. anania jafariZe aRniSnavs: sazogadoebaSi gavrcelebulia azri, rom
saqarTvelos mTis mosaxleoba sarwmunoebrivad ufro warmarTebi arian, vidre qristianebi. igi am
azrs ar iwynarebs da sapirispiros amtkicebs. sabuTad moaqvs `svaneTis saeklesio krebaTa
matiane~. am sayuradRebo dokumentTa krebulis mixedviT TiTqos mTaSi qristianuli sarwmunoeba
odiTgan myarad Cans damkvidrebuli, magram gansjisaTvis gvinda SevniSnoT _ gasuli saukunis 20ian wlebSi, roca aTeizmis saSineli talRa agorda da eklesia-monastrebis ganadgurebis kompania
gaCaRda, es vandaluri procesi mTaSic Catarda. bolSevikebma daiwyes mTaSi qristianuli saydrebis
gauqmeba. maT saydrebi Cveulebrisamebr an daangries, an sawyobebad aqcies. am ukeTur saqmeSi mTis
xalxs maTTvis xeli maincdamainc ar SeuSliaT, magram roca maT warmarTul, avtoris azriT ki
`pirvelqristianul~, I-III ss-dan momdinare, salocavebs miadgnen, Tavganwiruli winaaRmdegoba
gauwies da axlos ar miakares eSmakis mociqulni.
1755-1756 wlebSi Sedga saeklesio krebebi TbilisSi. am krebebze ganixiles kaTalikos anton
I-is `gakaTolikebis~ sakiTxi. krebam anton I daadanaSaula `gakaTolikebaSi~ da gankveTa. am
sakiTxs exeba vrceli paragrafi. masSi naCvenebia am gadawyvetilebis absurduloba. ufro zustad,
anton I-s cili daswames. sinamdvileSi amiT Teimuraz II-m Tavidan moiSora qarTlis taxtis
kanonieri memkvidre anton I kaTalikosi. igi ruseTSi gadasaaxles. anton I-is udanaSaulobas
amtkicebdnen _ vaxutSi batoniSvili, mari brose, d. CubinaSvili, a. cagareli da sxv.
prof. anania jafariZe anton I-is gamarTleba da am saqmeSi erekle II-is roli sakmaod vrclad
aqvs gadmocemuli. es moxda Teimuraz II-is gardacvalebis Semdeg, roca qarTl-kaxeTis samefos taxtze
avida erekle meore. 1764 wels Sedga saeklesio kreba. krebam gaauqma 1755-1756 wlis krebaTa
gadawyvetileba da anton I kaTalikosi taxtze daabrunes. am krebam gamoiZia, vin Seiyvana SecdomaSi
wina krebebi da damnaSave mRvdeli zaqaria gabaSvili da misi Svili iosebi sastikad dasaja.
prof. anania jafariZis Sromis mesame bolo nawilia saqarTvelos saeklesio mimdinare
krebebi XIX-XX saukuneebSi. masSi ganxilulia XIX-XX saukuneebSi Semdgari 50-ze meti saeklesio
752
kreba, romelTa erTad Tavmoyra da erT monografiad gamocema pirvelad moxda qarTul
istoriografiaSi. naSromis am wignSis warmodgenilia mecnieruli analizi XIX-XX saukuneebSi
Semdgari mimdinare saeklesio krebebisa. avtors es krebebi dayofili aqvs sam mTavar jgufad:
1. krebebi, romelic Sedga avtokefaliis gauqmebidan mis aRdgenamde. 2. 1917 wels Semdgari
avtokefaliis aRmdgeni krebebi. 3. krebebi 1918-1995 wlebisa.
prof. anania jafariZe ganixilavs ra saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis gauqmebis sakiTxs,
sruliad marTebulad aRniSnavs: saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefalia gauqmda ara 1811 wels,
aramed 1821 wels, roca ruseTis xelisuflebam mTeli sisastikiT CaaxSo dasavleT saqarTveloSi
saerTo-saxalxo ajanyeba, romelic Seecada qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis dacvas. amis Semdeg
ruseTis mTavrobam gaauqma saeklesio TavisTavadoba saqarTvelos am kuTxeSi.
samwuxaroa, magram faqtia: qarTuli eklesia Sedgeboda ori administraciulad damoukidebel
qarTlisa da afxazeTis (imereTis) saeklesio erTeulisagan, romelTa meTaurebi patriarqis wodebamde
amaRldnen. es ar aris uCveulo movlena. aseTi tipis saeklesio mowyoba aqvT sxva qristianul
erebs _ berZnul eklesias gaaCnia da axlac aqvs ramdenime sapatriarqo da avtokefaliuri
saeklesio erTeuli. am mxriv analogiuri mdgomareoba aqvT somxebs. qarTuli eklesiis aseTi
mdgomareoba gagrZelda XVIII s-mde. sarecenzio wignSi kargad aris naCvenebi, Tu rogor Seecadnen
qarTuli eklesiis mesveurebi saqarTvelos eklesia gamoeyvanaT aseTi arasaxarbielo mdgomareobidan
da gaeerTianebinaT. am didi erovnuli saqmis organizatorebi iyvnen dasavleT saqarTvelos
kaTalikozis taxtze mjdomi quTaTeli mitropoliti dosiTeozi da mitropoliti eqvTime genaTeli.
es maSin iyo mcdeloba dasavleT da aRmosavleT saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi gaerTianebis
safuZvlis momzadebisa, rac, samwuxarod, ver ganxorcielda. radgan es ar gamovida, amitom dasavleT
saqarTvelos eklesiis ierarqebma umjobesad miiCnies sruliad saqarTvelos eklesiis gaerTianeba:
quTaTelma mitropolitma dosiTeozma uari Tqva sakaTalikozo taxtze, romelic mas uboZa imereTis
mefem solomon II-m, erTi sityviT, Tavis nebiT daeqvemdebara qarTlis dikasterias saeklesio
xelisuflebas _ kaTalikos anton I-s. ase rom, 1811 wlisaTvis saqarTvelos eklesia aRmosavleTdasavleT saqarTvelos moicavda. naSromSi mamuliSvilis gulistkiviliT aris aRwerili qarTuli
eklesiis avtokefaliis gauqmeba ruseTis mTavrobis mier, rusifikatoruli politikis gatareba da
qarTvelTa mizanmimarTuli garuseba. skolebSi swavleba rusulad daakanones, eklesiebSi wirvalocva rusulad daaweses. kidev meti, ruseTis imperia yvela marTlmadidebels, da maT Soris
qarTvelebs, rusad anda potenciur rusad ganixilavda. am dros erTmorwmune ruseTi somxebs,
ebraelebs da sxva xalxebs erovnuls utovebda da xels ar axlebda. es tragikuli movlena rom
ufro mkafiod warmoidginos mkiTxvelma, meufe ananias moaqvs arqeologiuri komisiis aqtebis me6 tomidan qarTvelTa saCivridan amonaridi: `Tu ruseTis imperiaSi ar Seaxes xeli ebraelTa
sarwmunoebas, agreTve somxebisa da kaTolikeTa eklesiebs, Cven ratom unda warmovadgendeT
gamonakliss. Tu im dros, roca mahmadianTa xelSi viyaviT, aravin exeboda Cvens mtkice rwmenas da
arc mraval mwuxarebas gvayenebdnen, maS raRa davaSaveT amJamad, roca gvtaceben SeCveul
mRvdelmTavrebs, taZrebs da mRvdlebs~ (gv. 12).
amis miuxedavad, rogorc mitropolitma ananiam gamoikvlia, qarTvelTa Txovna-vedrebam ar
gaWra da ruseTis mTavroba dasavleT saqarTveloSi egzarqos Teofilaqtes meTaurobiT grZeldeboda
egreTwodebuli saeklesio `reforma~, romlis ZaliTac `mRvdlebis~ ricxvi unda Semcirebuliyo
erTiorad da erTisamad, ajanyda mTeli imereTi, sazogadoebis yvela fena: 1819 wlis ivnis-ivlisSi
TiTqmis yoveli soflis eklesiebTan ikribebodnen. xalxi xatze ificeboda, rom ar uRalatebdnen
753
erTmaneTs, saqristiano saqmes da a. S. ajanyebulTa mizani iyo e. w. `saeklesio reformis~ gauqmeba.

yovelive es saboloo jamSi rusebis qveynidan gandevnas isaxavda miznad. miaCndaT, rom ajanyebis
saTaveSi iyvnen quTaTeli da genaTeli mitropolitebi _ dosiTeozi da eqvTime. amitom isini
tomaraSi Casves da ruseTis gzas gauyenes. magram mitropoliti dosiTeozi gzaSi mokles rusis
saldaTebma. igi daasaflaves ananurSi, eklesiaSi, RvTismSoblis xatis win. mitropoliti eqvTime ki
gadaasaxles Soreul ruseTSi, sviris monasterSi, sadac gardaicvala 1822 wlis 21 marts.
naSromSi mocemulia mizezebi imisa, rusis mTavrobis xelSewyobiT da mcdelobiT Tu rogor
xdeboda qarTvelTa gaTaTreba, gaoseba, gasomxeba da a. S. qarTvelTa gasomxebis Sesaxeb ki avtori
faqtobrivi masalis analizis safuZvelze marTebulad daaskvnis _ `rusebis dros qarTveli
grigorianelebi sabolood gasomxdnen. amis erT-erTi mizezi iyo is, rom ruseTis imperia aSkarad
mfarvelobda somxur eklesias, icavda mis TavisTavadobas, ar Sexebia mis avtokefalurobas, xolo
qarTuli eklesia TiTqmis gaaqro saimperio eklesiis wiaRSi~ (gv. 37).
meufe ananias marTebulad miaCnia: sazogadoebrivi azris Camoyalibebis Sedegad saqarTveloSi
bunebrivad gaCnda qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis aRdgenis moTxovnileba. am moTxovnilebis
aqtiur aRorZinebas iqneb niadagi Seumzada da biZgi misca n. durnovos da patriarq kalistrates
Sromebma. asec SeiZleba vifiqroT. asea Tu ise, saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefalias mxars
uWerdnen da gulmodgined icavdnen: aleqsandre cagareli, aleqsandre xaxanaSvili, niko mari,
peterburgis sasuliero akademiis profesori nikoloz zaozerski, m.kovalnicki, i. palmovi da sxv.
maTi oponentebi iyvnen saqarTvelos eklesiis mtrebi: i. vostorgovi, i. butkeviCi, profesorebi:
glubokovski, berdniakovi, almazovi.
prof. anania jafariZe vrclad ganixilavs 1905-1916 wlebis saeklesio krebebs, romelzec
qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis sakiTxi araerTgzis iqna ganxiluli.
naSromis mniSvnelovani Tavia _ `saeklesio krebebi 1918-1995 wlebSi~. am periodSi sul Catarebula
23 kreba. am krebis mizani iyo dakarguli erovnuli saxelmwifoebrivi cnobierebis aRdgena xalxSi.
amisTvis eklesiis saxeliT gamovida _ `damoukidebeli saqarTvelos saxelmwifos mimarT morwmune
moqalaqeTa ficis furceli~. am dokumentma garkveuli roli iTamaSa 117 wlis ruseTis monobaSi
myofi qarTveli xalxis erovnuli TviTSegnebis aRdgenasa da gamococxlebis saqmeSi.
avtori mematianis piruTvnelobiT aRwers bolSevikebis mier qarTuli eklesia-monastrebis
Zarcva-glejas da ganadgureba-gapartaxebis tragikul istorias, agreTve, saqarTvelos danawevrebas
avtonomiur erTeulebad da yovelgvari erovnulobis mospobas. am barbarosobiT SeZrwunebulma
kaTalikos-patriarqma ambrosi xelaiam 1922 wlis Teberval-martSi sakaTalikoso sabWos TanxmobiT
memorandumi gaugzavna genuis saerTaSoriso konferencias.
k aT a l ik o s -p a t r i a r q i s
a m b r o s i x e la i a s
s a s u l i er o m o R va w e ob a s
da
martvilobas STamb eWdavad gadmos cems mitr opoliti, prof. anania jafariZe
da, SeiZleba iTqvas, am naSromis erTi yvelaze sayuradRebo Tavia, ara marto
mecnieru li, aramed samagaliToa qarTu li patriotu l-erovnuli s aq mis aTvis
Tavganwir u lob is Tvals azr is iTac.
dasasrul SeiZleba iTqvas, saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiam yvela saukunis
qartexilebs gauZlo. mas ar daukargavs erovnuli gza. aq gvsurs davimowmoT
mitropoliti, prof. anania jafariZe _ `SemTxveviTi ar yofila is movlena, rom Cveni
erovnuli cxovrebis sxva nawilebTan SedarebiT eklesiam yvelaze meti brZola
754
ganicada erovnuli Tavisuflebis dasacavad da 1917 wlis 12 marts pirvelma man

aRmarTa Tavisuflebisa da damoukideblobis droSa~.
p rof. anania jafar iZis `s aq arTvelos s aek lesio k r eb eb i~ da qar Tuli
eklesiis istoriis zogirTi sakiTxi q arTuli saekles io samarTlis istoriis
er Ti yvelaze mniSvnelovani SenaZenia, romelic ueWvelad daik avebs Tavis
adgils q ar Tu l sais torio mecnier eb is ganviTarebis saqmeSi.
2004 w.
recenzia gadmoRebulia wignidan `mecniereba da sarwmunoeba~ (Tbilisi, 2005, gv. 14-29).
mecnierebaTa doqtori, profesori vaxtang guruli
mitropolit anania jafariZis

`saqarTvelos saeklesio krebebi~, (Tbilisi, 2003)
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2004 w.
recenzia gadmoRebulia wignidan `mecniereba da sarwmunoeba~ (2005, gv. 102-104).
756
saZiebl ebi
pirTa saZiebeli
a bas
ziadi (sparsi mmarTveli) _ 145

abaSiZe dimitri episkopo si _ 513, 515,
516, 560
abaSiZe ivane _ 503
abaSiZe malaqia kaTaliko si _ 189, 205208
abaSiZe maqsim e kaTaliko si _ 189, 250,
251, 49 7, 506
abdiSo asuri _ 387
abdula-arCili (abdula-be gi) _ 471 , 473
abeli _ 471
abibo s nekrese li _ 114 , 349
abo Tbileli _ 376
abraa m kaTalikosi _ 7 7, 78
abraa m kaTalik osi (somex Ta) _ 342 , 343
abram alaverd is eklesiis dekanozi _
238
abu-b aqar aTab agi _ 702 , 703
abuseriZe grigol _ 385
agaTa ngelozi _ 661
agaTon episkoposi _ 166
agaTon romis pap i _ 66
agia sSvili _ 241
adam ovi d. _ 609
adarna se bagratio ni _ 375-37 7, 382
adarnase bakuris Ze _ 364 , 657
adarnase daviT kurapalatis Ze _ 375
adarna se mefe _ 71 2, 713
aderk mefe _ 661
adriane imperatori _ 70
adria ne papi _ 68
avaliani _ 241
avgust ine netari _ 128
avgust us liciniusi _ 636
avTand il amilaxori _ 226
avTandilaSvili _ 507
azon mefe _ 443 , 545
aTanas e didi _ 6 3, 68, 388 , 636
aTanas e episkopos i (Tbileli) _ 474
aTanas i episkoposi _ 238
alada Svili giorgi epis koposi _ 572,
584, 588
aleqs andre bat oniSvili _ 474
aleqsa ndre didi _ 666

aleqs andre episkoposi ( aleqsandrieli)
_ 637
aleqsa ndre episk oposi
(konst antinopolis) _ 107
aleqsa ndre episko posi (soluneli) _
637
aleqs andre I im peratori _ 149, 504 , 507
aleqsa ndre III imperatori _ 515
aleqs andre lev anis Ze _ 463
aleqsa ndre maked oneli _ 36 3, 364
aleqs andre me fe _ 362 , 429
aleqsa ndre mefe (imereTis) _ 468
aleqsa ndre mefe (kaxeTis) _ 469
aleqs andre mit ropoliti _ 609
aleqsi egzarqosi _ 531, 53 2, 543
aleqsi episkoposi _ 604
aleqsi imperatori _ 72
aleqsi mitropoliti _ 616
aleqsi mitropolit i (yirimis) _ 609
aleqs iZe zaza _ 77, 341, 344, 345, 653,
655
ali-amira _ 367
almazo vi _ 135, 5 63, 564, 56 6, 570
ambak omi (kaxTa mefis karis
winam ZRvari) _ 238
ambrosi _ 463
ambros i mediolaneli _ 64
ambros i nekreseli _ 467, 48 2, 513
amila xvari givi _ 472 , 473
amilax ori giorgi _ 464
amfiloqe _ 161 , 166
amfilo qe ikonieli _ 68
ana d edofali ( erekle m efis meuRle) _
233
ana x anumi (Te imuraz m efis meuRle) _
473
anast asi mTava repiskopos i (vorone Jisa)
_ 558
anast asi mRvde lmTavari _ 136
anasta si mRvdelm owame (ant ioqiis
patria rqi) _ 110 , 353
anasta sia iRumenia _ 591
anato li konstantinopoleli _ 65
anatoli mitropoliti (astraxanis) _ 609
andria mociquli _ 98, 103, 105, 157, 164,
193, 196, 198-200, 351, 352, 364, 402,
403, 641, 645, 648, 654, 661
anikit e romis papi _ 661
anton arqiepiskoposi ( stravrop olisa
da piatigorskis) _ 616 , 617
anton kaTaliko si _ 232 , 233
anton I kaTalik osi _ 146, 148, 230, 237,
238, 245, 249, 410, 461-489, 492, 496,
513, 685
anton II kaTalikosi _ 136, 149, 251,
495-497, 506, 509, 528, 529, 566, 568,
588
anton mTavarep iskoposi _ 500
anton mTavare piskoposi (genaTe li) _
205, 211
anton mitropoliti _ 528, 55 1, 569
anton patriarqi _ 234
anton tbeli _ 176
anton Wyondide li _ 702 , 703
antone glonis TavisZe _ 445
anCabaZe _ 586
ariane _ 648
ario zi _ 63, 636
aristine aleqsi _ 72, 91
aris totele _ 476
armenopulo konstantine _ 87, 88, 217,
218
arsen beri _ 111, 363 , 645
arsen episkoposi (mangleli) _ 475
arsen iyalToeli _ 80, 81 , 85, 86, 176,
431, 709
arsen kaTaliko si _ 130, 378-380, 382,
438-4 40, 707, 713
arsen I kaTalikosi _ 377
arsen mTavarep iskoposi _ 238
arsen monazoni _ 160, 174, 176 , 443
arsen safareli (arsen didi) _ 116, 117,
342, 383, 387, 388, 427
aruTiniani b. _ 219
arqanjelo lamberti _ 409
arCil mefe _ 34 4, 365, 36 6, 376, 65 8-660
arCil I mefe _ 338
arjev aniZe niko loz _ 597 , 600
asaTiani _ 241
atarv e trapez unteli _ 641
afaqiZe _ 241
afigio n episkoposi _ 166
afrid on msaxurTuxucesi _ 429
aRa-ma hmad-xani _ 233
757
aRaTo n romis p api _ 649 , 650

aRbuRa aTabag-a mirspasalari _ 129, 135,
137, 141, 142, 180, 181, 183 -185, 221223
aRbuRa jayel-cix isjvareli _ 216
aSordia _ 515, 53 6, 540
aSot I didi _ 138
aSot kurapalat i _ 361, 367, 370, 376,
377, 44 3, 711
aSot k uxi (erisTa v-erisTavi) _ 375
aSot mesxeTis mTavari _ 369
axvled iani vaxta ngi (meufe ) _ 91
axlediani _ 241
axmet eli vl. _ 553
babai
k aTalikosi ( antioqiis) _ 109

babgen kaTalikosi (somxeTis) _ 342
bagrat batoniSvili _ 507
bagra t kurapala ti _ 129, 130, 133, 135,
137, 138, 181-185, 221, 356, 367, 368,
375, 381, 384, 409, 411, 427, 712
bagra t I kurapa lati _ 130 , 138, 361 , 362
bagra t mefe _ 189, 192, 196, 206, 207,
384, 385, 411, 700, 712
bagra t III mef e _ 138, 385, 410 , 548
bagra t IV mefe _ 80, 134, 135, 138, 141,
181, 384, 396, 397, 400, 407, 408, 410,
698, 708, 710, 711
bagrat ioni bagrat _ 443
bagrat ioni ioane _ 496, 50 6, 666
bagrat ioni iosebi _ 189
badriZe S. _ 567
baTo yaeni _ 701
bakur mefe _ 648
bakuraZe _ 533
balsa moni Teodo r _ 70, 7 2, 73, 91, 100104, 106, 111, 115, 133, 335, 393-395,
398, 399, 404-406, 568, 623, 639, 679,
684
baJeno vi evgeni _ 570
barazb od pitiaxSi _ 116
barTlome mociq uli _ 409 , 411
basili antioqiis patria rqis mdiv ani _
355
basili II bulgarTmmusvreli _ 87, 132,
395, 396
basili didi _ 6 8, 83, 89, 160, 161, 165,
173, 236, 387, 388, 431, 695
basili ezosmo ZRvari _ 419
758
basili imperat ori _ 87 , 217
basili kesarieli _ 68
basili makedoneli _ 70
basili mefe _ 35 8, 674
basili mitropo liti (vladivastok is) _
609
basili patriarqi _ 283
basili porfirogeneti _ 425
basili Rramatik osi _ 358 , 359
basili Wyondid el-ujarm eli _ 143 , 447
basili Wyondideli _ 142, 44 4, 701
baqar mefe _ 469 , 471
baqra Ze dimit ri _ 225 , 406
baxta Ze valia _ 605
bebuTaSvilebi _ 518
begiaSvili _ 533
begumi (abdula be gis meuRle) _ 473
belav ini tixon patriarqi _ 136, 510,
512, 557, 561, 572, 581, 610, 616
belia evi inok enti (egz arqosi) _ 571
bendeliani medea _ 619
bened iqte episk oposi (sa mTavisis) _ 238
beneSe viCi vl. _ 80, 85, 57 6, 577
benia mini mitropoliti (leningradisa) _
6 08 -61 0
berdnikovi _ 563 , 570
berZe niSvili niko _ 142, 240, 337, 359,
360, 411
berZniSvili m. _ 656
besarion epis koposi _ 487
besarion erkeTis winamZRvari _ 250
besarion kaTalik osi _ 241, 242, 462, 463,
477, 478
beqa mandaturTuxucesi _ 137, 141, 142,
177, 180, 181, 183-185 , 221-223 , 226
beSqe n bahlaundis Ze _ 373
beSqe n mirian m Tavris Ze _ 373
bikent i romaeli presviteri _ 637
binqarani _ 122
biton romaeli p resviteri _ 637
blast ari maTeo s _ 68, 73 , 87, 88, 101,
104, 217, 218, 568
boiarski a. _ 609
bolqv aZe m. _ 626
bregaZe T. _ 218
breki miqael ( mRvdeli) _ 355, 356 , 406
brose mari _ 2 25, 343, 406, 465 , 555
burja naZe S. _ 239
butkev iCi t. _ 56 3, 564, 56 6, 570
buRa-Turqi _ 368 , 374
gabaSv ili
zaqaria mRvde li _ 462, 464,

466, 4 79-481, 48 7-492
gabaSv ili ioseb d iakoni _ 48 7, 491
gabiZaSvili enriko _ 77 , 85, 157 , 159
gabriel dafanCuli _ 710 , 711
gabrie l episkopos i (mcxeTis) _ 342
gabriel kaTalikosi (qa rTlis) _ 342,
440
gabriel mefeTa moZRvari _ 238
gabrie l mitropoliti (Wyondid eli) _
241
gabrie l ukis Ze _ 385
gagua _ 605
gavrili mRvdel-monazoni _ 590
gamre keliZe _ 533
gamyreliZe T. _ 646
garpo kration k inopoleli episkop osi _
637
gasviani g. _ 458
gaCe CilaZe _ 605
gegenav a _ 241
gelasi kesarieli _ 107
gelas i kvizike li _ 106 , 107
genad i sxolari _ 665
genad i konsta ntinopole li _ 68, 161,
166
georgi episkoposi (kamaxisa) _ 654
germane dayudebuli _ 462
germane mroveli _ 487
germa ne nikorwmideli _ 241
giorgaZe anton episkopo si _ 572, 584,
586, 588
giorgi aragvis erisTavi _ 226
giorgi afxazTa mefe _ 375
giorgi batoniSvili _ 241
giorgi beri _ 176
giorgi gurielis Ze _ 241
giorgi dadianis Ze _ 241
giorgi episkoposi (samcxis) _ 128
giorgi konsta ntinopole li _ 649 , 650
giorgi kurapalati _ 412
giorgi mawyvereli episkoposi _ 373
giorgi merCule _ 76, 78, 81, 111, 130,
367, 370-372, 375, 377, 381, 705, 710,
713
giorgi mefe _ 12 9, 185, 22 6, 411, 41 8, 700
giorgi I varazvaCe _ 397
giorgi I mefe _ 3 95, 396, 40 9, 548
giorgi II mef e _ 175, 425, 704 , 711
giorgi III mef e _ 113, 408, 413 , 417
giorgi IV mef e (laSa-giorgi) _ 113,
143, 44 7, 701
giorgi V brwyinvale _ 142, 177, 178,
222
giorgi XI mefe _ 216
giorgi XII (XII I) mefe _ 223, 474, 529,
538, 573
giorgi mTavarepiskopos i (kalugis) _
609
giorgi mTawmideli _ 84, 95 , 102-105, 112,
123, 126, 134, 137, 159, 169, 176, 193,
342, 347, 351, 352, 390, 395-404, 406,
451, 558, 641, 674, 675, 679, 700, 705,
707, 708, 710 -714
giorgi monazoni _ 175
giorgi mcire _ 8 4, 347, 39 5, 396, 40 0, 401
giorgi proTopopi _ 489
giorgi ufliswuli _ 410 , 711
giorgi Suartyleli _ 134 , 373
giorgi CorCaneli _ 373
giorgi Wyondideli _ 700
giorgi xucesi _ 649
giuna Svili elguja _ 8 2, 83
glono qori mTav arepiskopo si _ 116, 122,
427
glubo kovski _ 561, 563 , 570
gobelaZe daviT III kaTalikos-patriarqi
_ 452
gogeba Svili iakob i _ 514, 54 1, 568
gozaliSvili g. _ 441
goTua parmen _ 601, 611 , 615
goila Ze vaxtangi _ 110, 123, 136, 352,
353, 404, 406, 650
golicini _ 517
gonik aSvili g. _ 500, 505
gorga Ze s. _ 406, 525 , 605
grigo l bakuria nis Ze _ 348, 397 , 433
grigo l ganmana Tlebeli _ 216, 387 , 388
grigo l dialoRosi (romis papi) _ 341
grigol episkoposi _ 218
grigo l episkop osi (sam Tavneli) _ 454
grigol e pisko posi (guria-sam egrelos)
_ 541 (dadiani grigol)
gadav itano `d ~-ze?
grigo l kaTalikosi (afx azeTis) _ 691
grigo l mTavarepiskopos i _ 217, 224,
226
grigol mitropolit i Wyondidis _ 462
grigo l nazianz eli _ 68 , 386
grigo l neokes arieli _ 62, 161, 165,
759
grigo l noseli _ 68, 161 , 166

grigo l oSkeli _ 386
grigo l parTeli _ 89
grigol RvTismetyv eli _ 64, 6 8, 388
grigol cagareli _ 241
grigo l xanZTeli _ 78, 81, 130, 131, 133,
359, 370-372, 374, 375, 378-380, 382,
383, 3 88, 425, 7 05-708, 71 0-713
grigol xuci _ 16 1, 165
grigo li _ ix. wmida grigoli
gulab eriZe nik oloz kaTalikosi _ 419,
689
gulis aSvili _ 533
guara m mamfali _ 78, 81, 130, 375, 377382, 4 08, 409, 4 11-713
guram I kurapalati _ 657
gurand uxti _ 110 , 660
gurge n erisTa vi _ 409 , 411
gurgen mefe _ 40 9, 411
gurieli _ 241
gurie li malaqia II kaTalikosi _ 189,
206, 469
gurie li mamia _ 241
guruli v . _ 590
d adiani
grigol episkopo si _ 542 , 546

dadia ni kacia _ 241
dadia ni levan II _ 208 , 617
dadia ni niko _ 546
dadia ni cotne _ 544
daviT aRmaSene blis ist orikosi _ 430,
700
daviT batoniSvili _ 223
daviT garejeli _ 213
daviT episkoposi _ 573
daviT episkoposi (bolnisisa) _ 342
daviT kaTalikos-patriarqi _ 452
daviT kaxeTis mTavari _ 694
daviT kurapalati _ 132
daviT mefe _ 432 , 700
daviT mefe (af xazeTis) _ 355
daviT mefe (kaxTa) _ 429
daviT II (imam -yuli-xa ni) _ 145 , 147
daviT II (imere Tis mefe) _ 497
daviT III kaTalikos-pa triarqi _ ix.
gobelaZe daviTi
daviT IV aRmaSenebeli _ 85 , 86, 129, 137,
142, 157, 159, 160, 162, 167, 174, 175,
363, 408, 411, 425-430, 434, 438-440,
698, 703
760
daviT V mefe _ 469
daviT V kaTalikos -patriarqi _ ix.
devda riani da viTi
daviT VII ulu _ 143, 144, 368, 441, 443,
701
daviT soslani _ 70 1, 702
daviT tbeli _ 176
daviT qsnis e risTavi _ 226
daviT winaswarmetyveli _ 131, 375 , 388
daniel episkoposi (axtaleli) _ 666
danie l episko posi (Werem-qalaq is) _
238
daniel mitropoliti _ 462
danie l (didask ali) mit ropoliti _ 241
dares ti rodolf _ 225
dareja n dedofali _ 506
daCi vaxtangis Ze _ 120 , 337
daCi iovanes Ze _ 694
dgebuaZe _ 241
devda riani daviT V kaTalikospatriarq i _ 621
demet re I mefe _ 113, 411 , 469
demet re II me fe _ 177 , 178
demna batoniSvili _ 413
diasa miZe b. _ 642, 644 , 646
dimitri episkopos i (baltiis) _ 560
dimit ri episko posi (nino wmideli) _ 298
dimit riosi ms oflio pat riarqi _ 622,
625
dimopulo basil arqimandriti _ 609
diodo re _ 161, 165,
dioklitiane _ 39 1, 676
dionvisios mTa varepis kopo si
(aleq sandrieli) _ 161 , 165
dionise _ ix. wmida dionise
dionis e areopageli _ 97
dodaSv ili solomon _ 509
dodo garejeli _ 213
doliZe isidore _ 137, 138, 177, 178,
180-18 4, 194, 20 7, 217-220 , 223
doment i Tbileli _ 215
domenti kaTalik osi _ 145, 147, 218, 220,
226
domenti IV kaTalikosi _ 147, 217, 218,
224, 460, 461, 469, 475
domne (domnus) trapezunt eli _ 635, 636,
637
donduk ov-korsakovi _ 541
dosiTeos episk oposi (ne kreseli) _ 244
dosiTe os quTaTeli _ ix. we reTeli
d os iTe os i
dosiTeos patriarqi (ant ioqiis) _ 110,
356
dosiTeos patriarqi (ierusalimis) _ 73,
146, 354
dosif ei patria rqi (ierusalimis) _ 568
durno vo nikolo z _ 149, 509, 510, 523,
558, 559, 564, 570, 587, 670
egnatiSvili
beri _ 145
egrosi _ 548
evagre episkop osi (kvi proseli) _ 392
evgenes episko posi (sa mTaveli) _ 342
evdem oz kaTalik osi _ 145, 183, 207, 214,
215, 459
evdem on kaTalikosi (af xazTa) _ 205,
208, 211
evdem os I kaTalikosi _ 207
evdem os II kaTalikosi _ 207
evelenski aleqsandre mitropo liti _
610
evkrat i nikeeli _ 478
evsevi kesarieli _ 635
evsevi nikodimieli _ 63
evsta Ti antioq ieli _ 63, 98, 105, 109,
119, 120, 123, 158, 164, 336, 356, 637,
673, 674
evstaTi monazoni _ 175
evstaTi nikieli _ 431
evste vi nikom idieli _ 637
evtiq i konstantinopoleli arqimandriti
_ 65 , 66
evtiqi patriarqi _ 66
ezra a nCeli _ 13 2, 396
ezras episkoposi (kisdadisa) _ 342
ekate rine II im peratrica _ 598
elage s episko posi (manglisis) _ 342
elene dedofali _ 112, 113
elene , elisabe di (antonis I-is de da) _
472, 473
elia e piskoposi _ 114
elia episkopo si (ierus alimis) _ 690
elia mTavarepiskoposi _ 338
eliaSv ili eqvTime episkoposi _ 561
elisa bed impe ratrica _ 474
elise dmaneli _ 215
elifa s episko posi (sam uriali) _ 342
enes e piskoposi (marueli) _ 342
endeka a . _ 609
enuq e piskoposi (wilknis) _ 342
epifane istorikosi _ 645
epifane kvi preli _ 674
erekle mefe _ 231, 232 , 244
erekle I mefe _ 213
erekle II mefe _ 148, 230, 233, 237, 245,
249, 462-4 65, 467, 471, 473, 474, 481487, 491, 495, 506, 528, 529, 573, 598
erekle muxranis batoni _ 226
erasti mdivanbegi _ 226
erisTav i _ 241
erisTa vi artavaz _ 382
erisTa vi besarioni _ 189
erisTavi varla m egzarqo si _ 149, 150,
152, 496, 497, 604
erisTa vi rostom _ 241
erisTavi Salva _ 454
ermolov i _ 504
estgen episkoposi (qorzonis) _ 342
etifa ne kaTalikos-patriarqi _ 43 5-437
efrem episkopo si (nino wmideli) _ 283
efrem episkop osi (quTa Tel-gaenaTelWyond ideli) _ 298
efrem mawyvere li _ 111, 112, 359, 362,
3 79 -38 2
efrem mcire _ 97 , 98, 110, 111, 119, 120,
123, 136, 158, 176, 190, 193, 352-356,
358, 359 , 404-406, 659, 674, 675
efTvim e grZeli _ 176, 385-38 8, 700
efTvime kaTalikosi (qa rTlis) _ 142,
177, 179
efTvim e mwignoba rTuxucesi _ 385
eqvTim e gaenaTeli _ ix. ServaSiZe
eqvTime
eqvTim e episkoposi _ 563
eqvTime episko posi (guria-samegrelos)
_ 551
eqvTime mTawmideli (aToneli) _ 76 , 8084, 88, 135, 176, 207, 347, 386, 387,
674, 675, 705, 707, 708, 710
varaz-baqari
_ 338
varTagava i polite _ 601
varlam episkopos i _ ix. erisTavi
varlam egzarqosi
varlam episkoposi (margveli) _ 283
vaCeiSvili aleqs andre _ 77 , 223
vaCna Ze ioseb (ninowmide li episko posi)
_ 213
761
vaCna Ze nino iRumenia _ 591

vaxva xiSvili ( sulTani) _ 463
vaxuSti batoniSvili (bagrationi) _ 112,
205, 207, 230, 344, 443, 460, 461, 465,
469, 514, 519, 544, 653, 666, 682, 689
vaxta ng batoniSvili (Sa h-yuli-xa ni) _
226, 228
vaxta ng gorgas ali _ 115, 116-123, 336340, 357, 363, 365, 375, 382, 404, 405,
424, 427, 429, 640, 657, 658, 671, 672,
683, 68 6, 693
vaxtang mefe (Sa h-navazi) _ 226
vaxta ng VI mefe _ 87-90, 118, 135, 141,
142, 147, 177, 181, 182, 184, 216-225,
233, 427, 460, 461, 470, 471, 473, 475,
496
velia minovi (ge neral-leitenanti) _ 503,
504
vitali mitropoliti (tulis) _ 609
vitte s . _ 554
vladim er mitropo liti _ 521 , 563
voroncov-daSk ovi i. _ 517, 533 , 567
vosto rgovi i. _ 509, 516 , 534-536, 543,
561, 563, 564, 566, 570, 577
z avadski
_ 512
zaoze rski nikolozi _ 563 , 566
zarini s. _ 60 8-610
zaqaria bodbeli _ 215
zaqaria (dodos monastris winamZRvari)
_ 213
zaqaria episkoposi _ 145
zaqaria episk oposi (ka sdreli) _ 342
zaqaria episko posi (xone li) _ 205 , 211
zaqaria mitro politi (b odbeli) _ 213
zaqaria mxargrZeli (am irspasala ri) _
432
zaqaria romis papi _ 424
zaqaria winaswa rmetyveli _ 471
zaqaria xucesi _ 238
zedgeniZe ioTam _ 508
zenon amba ala verdeli _ 244
zenon episkop osi (alav erdeli) _ 479
zenon keisari (imperato ri) _ 341 , 641
zinoni kvi proseli episkoposi _ 392
zonara ioane _ 7 2, 91
zosim e xargiTvalis episkoposi _ 238
762
T abuk aSvili
_ 508
TavdgiriZe nikolo z _ 597, 60 0, 602
Talak vaZe nikita _ 525 , 533
Tamar batoniSvili _ 461
Tamar mefe _ 113 , 137, 142 , 143, 408 , 419,
420, 422, 428, 429, 432, 433, 445, 684,
701-70 3, 709
TamaraSvili m. _ 406
Tamari (vaxtang V I-is asuli) _ 473
Tamaris istorik osi _ 407, 428, 445, 446,
684, 70 2, 708
TarxniSvili m. _ 107, 111, 1 13-115
TayaiSvili eqvTim e _ 330, 45 8, 525
Tevdo si mcire (mefe) _ 161
Teimuraz bato niSvili _ 241
Teimuraz I mefe _ 616
Teimuraz II me fe _ 148, 230, 461, 462,
465, 467-469, 4 71-474, 48 1-487
Teimuraz xani _ 146
Temur lengi _ 673
Teognosti nike eli _ 63 , 637
Teodo ra (miqae l III keis ris deda) _ 66
Teodo re episk oposi (fa sidis) _ 652,
654
Teodore mofsueteli _ 66
Teodo re patria rqi (ant ioqiis) _ 355,
358, 359
Teodo re xucesi _ 649
Teodori _ 64
Teodorite kvireli _ 66
Teodoros episkopo si (forTis) _ 342
Teodosi _ 70,
Teodos i mefe _ 16 5, 219
Teodos i mcire (imperatori) _ 64
Teodo si patria rqi (ant ioqiis) _ 105,
395, 4 00-403
Teodo si III p atriarqi (antioqiis) _
401
Teona kizikeli e piskoposi _ 637
Teona marmarikeli _ 637
Teofane antioqieli _ 353, 64 9, 650
Teofa ne patriarqi (ant ioqiis) _ 650
Teofilaqte ant ioqieli _ 110, 123, 136,
353, 355, 357, 659
Teofile aleqs andrieli _ 68
TiTibaZe _ 533
ToTib aZe antoni (mRvdeli) _ 525, 600,
602
Toma arwruni _ 694
Toma episkoposi (tarsis) _ 342
ToraZe v . _ 531
ToraZe n. _ 531
Tornik e erisTavi _ 425
Trda t mefe _ 338
TumaniSvili (policmeisteri) _ 508
TumaniSvili giorgi _ 518
TumaniSvili mixeil _ 518
i akob
e piskoposi (ortavis) _ 342

iakob episkoposi (nizibieli) _ 637
iakob episkopo si (Semo qmedeli) _ 666
iakob mociquli _ 385
iakob mRvdeli _ 11 4, 120
ianiSev i _ 558
ianov ski _ 509, 512, 513 , 515, 536 , 542
iase _ 145
iasSvili _ 241
iaSvili niko _ 511
ignat i _ ix. wmida ignati
ierem ia iberie li (iere mia urhae li) _
640
iese mefe _ 460 , 470, 471 , 473
iva edeseli _ 66
ivane bovneli _ 215
ivane msaxurTuxucesi _ 432
ivane mxargrZe li _ 432 , 433
ivanicki r. _ 597
izmailaSvilebi _ 518
ilario n qarTveli _ 70
ilarion I kaTalikosi _ 377
ilins ki evsev i _ 512, 570
ingoroyva pavle _ 76, 80 , 81, 343, 356,
593
inoke nti epis koposi _ 563
ioakim episkop osi (bed iel-caiSe li) _
189, 196
ioakim episkop osi (mawyvereli) _ 387
ioakim episkopo si (nikorwmideli) _ 205,
211
ioakim kaTalik osi (afx azeTis) _ 189,
191-194, 196 -200
ioane arqimandriti (qvab Ta-xevis) _ 238
ioane guTeli (goTeTis episkopo si) _
105, 111, 402, 671
ioane diakoni _ 649
ioane drasxana kerteli _ 344
ioane episkoposi _ 605
ioane episkoposi (antioqieli) _ 65
ioane episkoposi (kawaris) _ 238
ioane episkopo si (nekres isa da gremis)
arqim andriti (garejis lav ris)_
238
ioane episkopo si (petra si) _ 642 , 644
ioane episkopo si (petron-cixisZiris) _
652, 65 4, 655
ioane episkoposi (samebeli) _ 244
ioane episkop osi (smolenskeli) _ 73
ioane episkopo si (qarTlis) _ 112, 113,
114, 12 0, 681
ioane ikonomosi _ 238
ioane imperatori _ 72
ioane kaTaliko si _ 145, 159, 168, 175,
353, 3 55, 431-43 3, 440
ioane lazi _ 382, 646 , 647
ioane mTavare piskoposi (mangle li) _
475
ioane mTavarep iskoposi (stalingradis)
_ 609
ioane mmarxveli _ 68, 82
ioane mociquli _ 96, 385, 386, 456, 457,
688, 690
ioane oqropiri wm. _ 68 , 440
ioane patriarq i (antioqiis) _ 109 , 358
ioane petriwi _ 709
ioane rexues Ze _ 176
ioane sabanis Ze _ 677
ioane sparseli _ 638
ioane sqolastiko si _ 69, 7 1, 80
ioane Wyondideli _ 700
iob e piskoposi _ 114
iob so mexi diakoni _ 125
iobi (udabnos mama) _ 250
iovan episkop osi (sarusTieli) _ 342
iona e piskoposi _ 475
ioseb genaTeli _ 241
ioseb episkoposi (adsueli) _ 342
ioseb episkoposi (kuxordos) _ 342
ioseb episkoposi (midamili) _ 342
ioseb episkopo si (ruisisa da qarTlis)
_ 238
ioseb kaTalikos-patriarqi _ 244
ioseb kaTalikosi _ 487
ioseb mangleli _ 215
ioseb mefis karis wimaZRvari _ 238
ioseb mTavarep iskoposi _ 241
ioseb mTavare piskoposi (samebe li) _
475
ioseb mitropoliti (beloruse Tis) _
609
763
ioseb mitropoliti (genaTeli) _ 462

ioseb ninowmid eli _ 21 3-215
ioseliani _ 241
ioseliani plat on _ 466, 478, 497, 506,
538, 53 9, 661
i pati gangreli e piskoposi _ 637
irakli bagrationi _ 234
irem aZe b. _ 611
irena rxe (ibirbzxua) ep iskoposi _ 661
isaak angelosi _ 72
isaak episkopo si (qunanakertis) _ 342
isaki (wm. grigol parTelis
SviliSvili) _ 89
isaki (mRvdel z. gabaSv ilis mowa fe) _
491
isay-faSa _ 145
isidore _ 570
ishak-ibn-ismail-Suabi _ ix. sahak
ismailis Ze
iuda mociquli _ 122
iuriev ski lolii ( arqiepiskop osi) _
653
iustiniane I did i _ 66, 70 , 73, 101, 104,
139, 161, 165, 393, 405, 642-644, 647,
652, 688
iustiniane II _ 66
k avad
I (iranis mefe) _ 341

kakaba Ze sargis _ 193, 343 , 344, 497 , 499,
515-52 1, 531, 55 3, 589
kaland ia (mRvdeli) _ 516
kalis trate mitropoliti (mangle li) _
283
kande laki n. _ 605, 611 , 613
kapanaZe _ 533
kapanaZe iason _ 602
karbe laSvili _ 590
karbelaSvili polievqtos _ 48 6, 487
karbe laSvili s tefane _ 604, 605, 613,
614
karlo s didi _ 128
karta Sevi a. _ 126, 39 2, 577, 5 80, 581, 587,
677
katap odisi pa vle arqim andriti _ 609
kaWax iZe daviT episkopo si _ 283, 543,
588, 597, 600, 601, 603-606, 611, 614,
615
kedia spirido n _ 253, 586
kekeliZe korne li _ 77-8 0, 82, 85 , 86,
764
118-126, 136, 157, 207, 343, 357, 430,
458, 525, 586, 587, 593, 597, 605, 620,
640
kelenjeriZe m eliton _ 406
kerenski a. _ 577, 580 , 583
kvi priane samTa vneli _ 88 , 218
kvirike baneli _ 375
kvirik e I (kaxeTis mTavari) _ 694
kvirik e II (kaxeTis mTavari) _ 694
kvirile episk oposi (ca iSeli) _ 205,
207, 211
kiknaZe filadelfos _ 509
kirio n kaTaliko si _ 71, 7 6, 77, 79, 341346, 357, 384, 644, 647, 655, 657, 662,
671
kirio n I kaTa likosi _ 386, 451 , 653
kirio n II kaTalikosi _ ix.
sa ZagliSvili kirio ni
kirioni _ 151
kirile aleqsand rieli _ 6 4, 65, 68, 161,
166
kirile mTavarep iskoposi _ 487
kiros episkopo si (fasis is) _ 653 , 655
kiros kaTalikosi _ 71
klime nti aleqs andrieli _ 716
klimenti romaeli _ 661
klimintos didi _ 164,
kniaz evski m. _ 609
knoringi (general-leit enanti) _ 528
kovale vski maqsime _ 223
kovalnicki m. _ 563
kozma aragvis erisTavi _ 88
kozma n episkopo si (cagereli) _ 205 , 211
komnenosi aleqsi imperatori _ 87
komnenosi ioane imperatori _ 72
komnenosi manuel imperatori _ 87
konst anti kaxi _ 425
konst antine (lev brZenis Svili) _ 70
konst antine im peratori _ 87, 109, 112,
217, 218, 336, 391
konst antine I didi _ 63, 98, 158, 164,
165, 419, 636, 653, 675, 676, 711
konsta ntine V sko re _ 70, 35 2, 353
konsta ntine VII imperatori _ 396
konst antine ko pronime _ 70, 110 , 136
konsta ntine mefe _ 161, 21 9, 364
konst antine mitropoliti _ 81
konst antine mitropolit i (rostov is) _
609
konst antine m onomaxi _ 568
konst antine p orfirogeneti _ 87 , 131
konst antine p oRonati _ 66, 649 , 650
kontriZe al. _ 525
kontriZe s. _ 611
kornili mitropoliti (vorone Jis) _
609
koro levski _ 401
kosta va iakob _ 611
krasot ini p. _ 60 9, 610
kuxia niZe besa rion diak oni (mowa me) _
308
lavrent i
episkopo si (tulis) _ 558

lazar episkoposi (boldbili) _ 342
lazariSvili dim itri _ 600 , 602
lazare Waukeli (somxeTis kaTalikosi)
_ 476
laklak i (mirian m Tavris Ze) _ 373
latav ri (Tekla ) (mirian mTavris coli)
_ 373
latav ri bagrationi _ 375 , 376
laRiaSvili ioseb _ 515
lev b rZeni (im peratori) _ 70
lev isavrosi _ 70, 110, 134, 146, 354,
355, 6 70-672
levan muxranel-b agrationi _ 471
levan xmobili, iranis md ivanbegi _ 226
levaSov i _ 570
levi ( papi) _ 65 , 135
levi-briuli l. _ 547
levick i _ 536, 54 0, 542
leon I _ 110, 65 8-660
leon II _ 656 , 660
leon VI _ 361
leon b rZeni _ 87 , 218
leon dadiani _ 207
leon didi _ 79
leon imperato ri _ 87, 217
leon mef e _ 219
leonide episk oposi (im ereTis) _ 551
leonide mitro politi _ 253
leonis tomari _ 342
leont i episkop osi (kes ariakabad okieli) _ 637
leJav a nazar m itropoliti _ 308, 593,
597, 60 0, 604
lvovi b . _ 574
li parit baRua Si _ 396 , 410
lomTa TiZe q. _ 646
lominaZe babilina _ 136 , 406
lorTq ifaniZe _ 241
lorTqifaniZe grigol kaTalikosi _
147, 189, 191, 206
lorTq ifaniZe m . _ 129, 141, 360 , 373
luars ab II me fe _ 417 , 459
luka m axarebeli _ 688
lukaSvili i. _ 611
lukia ne _ ix. wmida lukiane
m aTe
m axarebeli _ 687, 688 , 690

maTe urhaeli _ 430
makari episkop osi (ierus alimeli) _ 637
makari mitropoliti _ 563
makariosi patriarqi (ant ioqieli) _ 355,
356, 650
makedoni _ 64
malaqia kaTaliko si _ ix. a baSiZe
mala qia
malaq ia kaTalikosi (af xazeTis) _ ix.
gurieli malaqia
malva Svilebi _ 241
manuil imperatori _ 72
manuCar dadia nis Ze _ 241
mar-iah-balahi _ 115
marTa dedofali _ 175
mari niko _ 93, 130, 141 , 435, 561 -563,
566, 661, 685, 698, 706
maria m dedofali (sqimo nazoni) _ 175,
3 96 -40 0
maris qalkedo neli _ 6 3 637
markiane mefe _ 161, 165,
markion episko posi (ko lxideli) _ 661
marko z mociquli _ 64, 38 5-687
martiri markia nopoleli _ 638
maruTa tagriteli _ 109
mataTa mociquli _ 661
maqsime aRmsa rebeli _ 649
maqsime kaTalik osi (afxa z-imerTa) _ ix.
abaSiZe maqsime
maqsime mitrop oliti (b edieli) _ 241,
462
maqsime mitrop oliti (q uTaTeli) _ 462
maqsim e sardeli m itropoliti _ 401,
687
maqsime xinowmideli _ 241
maRalaZe niko loz arqim andriti _ 215
mayaSv ili simon _ 474
maWav ariani _ 241
765
maWav ariani m. _ 646

maWava riani nestor _ 605
maWaraSvili _ 613
maWutaZe _ 241
maWut aZe maqsime I kaTalikosi _ 189,
206
mgalob liSvili T. _ 83
medea _ 644
melet i antioq ieli wm. _ 64
meliq iZe konst antine mTavarepisk oposi
_ 91
melqisedek episkoposi (alaverde li) _
283
melqisedek ka Talikosi _ 86
melqisedek mam amTavari _ 440
melqisedek mit ropoliti _ 298
melqisedek pa triarqi _ 367
melqisedek I p atriarqi _ 400
melqisedek III patriarqi _ ix. fx alaZe
me lq ise de ki
mena bde l. _ 460
menofa nte efeseli _ 637
menSikovi m. _ 561
mesxiSvili aleqsi prot opresvit eri _
470, 471
metre veli r. _ 157
mzeWab uk mesxeTis mTavari _ 355
miTridate ponto eli _ 646 , 648
mina e piskoposi _ 166
mindiaSvili arCili (dek.) _ 92
mir me fe _ 110, 3 44, 365, 6 58-660
mirda t mefe _ 116
mirz a-qafi _ 460
mirz aSvili _ 518
mirian mefe _ 98 , 107, 109 , 112-115, 117,
119, 120, 136, 157, 158, 164, 336-338,
357, 364 -366, 405, 657, 658, 661
miria n samcxis mTavari _ 373, 377, 378,
380
mirianaSvili iose b _ 597, 60 0, 602
miqae l beri _ 111
miqael III bizant iis keisari _ 66
miqae l episkop osi _ 114 , 338
miqae l kaTaliko si _ 121, 142, 143, 422,
423, 428, 429, 445
miqae l mTavarep iskoposi _ 101, 116, 117,
120-122, 337, 388, 389, 405, 427, 679,
682
miqaZe _ 241
miqe l Wuai _ 176
766
miqelaZe _ 241
miqelaZe (wurwyabeli episkoposi) _ 385
miqelaZe v. _ 550
mixeil III im peratori _ 67
mixeil mTavare piskoposi (lugis) _ 609
mixeil mitropoliti _ 252
mixeil mitrop oliti (yubanSavizRvispiris) _ 609
mixeil patriarqi (antioqiaierusa limis) _ 18 9-195, 197 , 198,
205
movses kalankatuaci _ 368, 386, 650, 651,
687, 688
movse s xorena ci _ 645 , 648
molCa novi ale qsi II egzarqosi _ 571
mose _ 62, 89, 9 0, 217, 22 2, 226
mose xoneli _ 700
muras aSvili _ 508
mura xovski _ 588
murva n-yru _ 365, 657 , 658
muxra nski g. _ 536
mWedliSvili b. _ 336
mWedliZe simon mRvdel-mowame _ 308
mxeiZe _ 241
mxiTa r goSi _ 89, 219, 427, 695 , 706
n abibekov i
_ 532
nabuq odonosori _ 635, 645
nadare iSvili g. _ 130
nazara li xani _ 14 5, 147
nazari mitropoliti _ ix. leJava
nazari
nakaSiZe _ 241
nalim ovi nikoloz egzarqo si _ 556, 558,
560, 562
narkis neronieli _ 637
naseriSvili _ 241
nemsa Ze daviT kaTaliko si _ 189 , 206
nerse erisTavi _ 376
nerse didi (so mexi mTava repiskopo si) _
114
nerse kaTalikosi _ 368, 38 7, 712
nesto ri (mwvale beli) _ 6 4-66, 387, 388,
640
neqtariosi episk oposi
(konst antinopoleli) _ 64
nikand ri arqimandriti _ 53 2, 576
nikit a paflagonieli _ 641
nikit a xoniati _ 72
nikif ore aRmsarebeli wm. _ 68
nikifo re foka (imperatori) _ 87
niko urbneli _ ix. xizaniSvili
niko loz
nikod ime epis koposi _ 694
nikod ime epis koposi (s erbeTis) _ 73
nikola Ze evsevi _ 406
nikola Ze ieroTeoz mRvdel-mo wame _
308
nikola Ze niko _ 52 5, 555
nikolo z amba alav erdeli _ 21 3-215,
238
nikoloz arqiep iskoposi (vladimiris) _
563
nikoloz dadia nis Ze _ 241
nikolo z episkopos i (mroveli) _ 475
nikolo z episkopos i (urbneli) _ 475
nikoloz II imp eratori _ 554, 557, 562,
571
nikolo z kaTalikos -patriarqi _ 442
nikoloz kaTalik osi _ 146 , 193
nikolo z mangleli _ 487
nikoloz mTava repiskopo si (gdov is) _
609
nikoloz mironlukieli _ 63, 636 , 637
nikolo z mistikosi _ 129
nikoloz mitro politi _ 616
nikolo z mitropoliti (taSkentis) _
609
nokolo z mitropoliti Semoqme deli _
241, 462
nikolo z samebeli _ 215
nikolo z walkeli _ 215
nikon SavmTeli _ 110, 111, 123, 136, 353,
354, 356, 357, 659
nikoni (beri) _ 109
nino _ ix. wmida nino
niJaraZe _ 241
nunexi laodikieli episkoposi _ 637
o bolenski
aleqsa ndre _ 558 , 568

obraz covi (mRvdeli) _ 591
onofre (daviT-garejis winamZRva ri) _
213
onofri episkoposi _ 238
orbeliani besarion _ 145
orbeliani sulx an-saba _ 212, 460, 513,
514
orbeliani stefanos _ 702
orbeliZe luarsab _ 226
orest i patriarqi (ierusalimis) _ 358
origene _ 716
orueli jorji _ 544
osia kordubeli _ 637
ostro umovi _ 558, 563 , 566
oqrop ir xunZeli kaTalik osi _ 672 , 685
oqro piriZe _ 533
oqropiriZe aleqsa ndre episko posi _
308, 509, 513, 516
oqrop iriZe leonide kaTalikospatriarqi _ 15 3, 267, 504, 508, 510,
512, 521, 555-558, 560, 561, 563, 566,
567, 569, 570, 572-575, 583-585, 587,
589, 593-595, 597, 609 , 615
oqrop iriZe piro s episkop osi _ 572, 584,
588
p aata
mefis Ze _ 464
pavle alepoeli _ 696
pavle egzarqos i _ 513, 515, 560 , 570
pavle episkoposi (Tbileli) _ 475
pavle episkopo si (neoke sarieli) _ 637
pavle I imperatori _ 528
pavle mociquli _ 164, 448 , 611, 622 , 715
pavle presviteri _ 641
pavliaSvili q. _ 594
paiWaZe _ 611
palgen episkoposi _ 342
palm ovi i. _ 563
palmos episkoposi (pontosi) _ 661
panto file (ponsife, pas ifil) ibe rieli
_ 638 , 639
papita Svili geronti mitropo liti _
150
papua Svili T. _ 426
parTen xarWaSneli _ 215
parka Ze giorgi mRvdeli _ 590
patro fil skviTopoleli _ 637
pafnut i episkopos i _ 63
pafnuti episko posi (zem o Tebaide li) _
637
pafnuti safare li _ 180 , 185
pente laSvili _ 507
petre alaverdeli _ 551
petre aleqsand rieli _ ix. wmida petre
aleqs and rie li
petre vesti, m wignobarTuxucesi _ 700
petre iberi _ 382, 646 , 648
767
petre I imperatori _ 152, 51 0, 557

petre III imp eratori _ 474
petre kaTaliko si _ 107, 122, 339, 389,
406
petre mTavarep iskoposi (kavkasiisa da
Tergis eparqiisa) _ 609
petre mitropoliti (baqo si) _ 608 , 609
petre mitropo liti (nov osibirsk is) _
609
petre mitropoliti (Crdilo kavkas iisa)
_ 609
petre mociquli _ 64, 96, 103, 105, 122,
134, 157, 164, 385, 390, 402, 403
petre III patriarqi (ant ioqiis) _ 101,
102, 104, 105, 393-395, 398-402, 404,
406, 568, 623, 679, 689
petro z mkawvra li (petre fuloni) _ 83,
94, 101, 104, 105, 120, 121, 351, 387389, 404-406, 679
pi pini (frank Ta saxelm wifos me fe) _
424
piros episkoposi _ 593
pisti markiano poleli ep iskoposi _ 637
plato n mTavarep iskoposi _ 511
plinius i _ 645
pobedo noscevi l. _ 516
popovi n. _ 609
popovi t . _ 609
porfiri xucs-m onazoni _ 489
potapo vi (genera l-maiori) _ 491
proko fi kesarie li _ 343, 643, 644, 647,
648, 661, 662, 673
proto gen sardikieli ep iskoposi _ 637
proxo re (jvris monastris maSene beli)
_ 400
ptolemeosi _ 644
puzirevski _ 503
Jelozovsk i
_ 558
Jvania i. _ 546
JvaniZe kvirile (caiSeli episkopo si) _
207
Jordania _ 241
Jorda nia Tedo _ 193, 207, 233, 387, 406,
439, 452, 464, 473, 476-480, 482, 510,
542, 543, 654, 655
Jorda nia noe _ 589, 594 , 612
Juruli giorgi _ 25 3, 586
768
r aevski
p . _ 609
ramiSvili n. _ 612
ratiani p. _ 554
ratiSv ili ivane _ 597, 601 , 613
regini episko posi (kvi proseli) _ 65
rev ma rTali (mefe ) _ 96, 33 8, 677
rigino si episkopo si (kvi pros eli) _
392
rogava g. _ 531
rozdianko b. _ 574
romanoz I imp eratori _ 87
romanoz III im peratori _ 87
romanoz mTavarepiskopos i (samTav neli)
_ 475
roJdenstvenski platon egzarqosi _
571, 574, 576, 577, 583, 584
rosto m mefe-xa ni _ 145, 183, 208, 417,
459
ruknadini _ 701
rusanovi Teofilaqte egzarqosi _ 152,
497, 498, 501, 502, 570
rusuda n dedofali _ 113
ruxaZe grigoli _ 92
s aba
e piskopos i (ninowm ideli) _ 238,

487
saba iSxneli _ 13 0, 133, 37 5, 712
saba mTavarepiskoposi (q arTlis) _ 438,
440
saba m tbevari _ 13 2, 396
saba sulais Ze _ 176
sabinini miqael _ 384
samoel episkoposi (bolneli) _ 686
samoe l donauri _ 694
samue l episko posi (tam asueli) _ 342
samue liani s. _ 219
samuilovi via Ceslav _ 558
sanano (yveleli e piskoposi) _ 385
sanaSvili _ 533
sargis amirsp asalari _ 432
sargis mxargrZeli _ 445
sayva reliZe e vdemon II kaTalik osi _
189
sayvareliZe eqvTime I (efTvimi)
kaTalikosi _ 189 , 206
sayva reliZe eq vTime II k aTalikosi_ 189
saZagliSvili kirion II kaTalik osi _
253, 330, 510, 521, 523, 531, 551, 555,
558-561, 563, 566, 567, 569, 570, 573,
575, 587-589, 591, 595 , 615
saxo kia T. _ 603
sajaia _ 241
sahak amira _ 36 9, 370, 37 1, 374
sahak episkoposi (Tbilisis) _ 342
sahak ismailis Ze _ 367 , 368
sahak kaTalikosi _ 388
sahak patriarqi _ 706
severiosi (mwv alebeli) _ 387
sekundi ptole maideli _ 637
serap ion zarzm eli _ 128, 372, 424 , 694
serap ion zarz melis cxo vrebis a vtori
_ 134
serafime episkopo si (tveris) _ 563
serafime mitropoliti (mosko vis) _
6 08 -61 0
sergi episkoposi _ 576
sergi mitropoliti _ 582
sergi mitropoliti (sverdlovs kis) _
609
sergi patriarqi (ierus alimis) _ 111
sergi patriarq i (konst antinopolis) _
71
sergi patriarqi (ruseTis) _ 61 6-619
svime on arqim andriti _ 462
svimeo ni (aTonis iverTa monastris
winam ZRvari) _ 397
svime oni _ ix. wmida svimeoni
svimon beri (guriis mTavari) _ 468
svimo n episkop osi _ 114 , 338
svimon episkoposi (quTaTeli) _ 205
svimo n mitropo liti (quTaTeli) _ 207,
211
svimo n mwignoba rTuxucesi _ 439
svimo n qarTlis gamgebeli _ 469
svimo niSvili konstantine _ 605 , 613
sidam oniZe efre m II kaTalikospatriarqi _ 6 14, 620, 621
silib istro arqimandriti _ 242
simeo n episkop osi (urbne li) _ 283 , 611
simon episkoposi _ 603, 60 5, 613
simon kananeli _ 103, 402, 641 , 661
skurati k. _ 104
sozom eni ermia _ 637
sokolo vi i. _ 55 1, 566
sokolski vl. _ 218, 219 , 222
sokrate _ 637
solomo n mefe _ 2 40-242
solom on I mefe _ 239, 462 , 505
solom on II mef e _ 148, 152, 495, 503,
5 05 -50 8
769
sosTe ni _ 384-388, 700 , 708
sofiiski nikon egzarqo si _ 562, 568571, 59 0, 591
sofro n episkop osi _ 661 , 666
sofro n ierusa limeli _ 649
sofronios m itropo liti
(niko rwmideli) _ 500
spirid on trimifunteli _ 63 , 637
stalini i. _ 616
staxoviCi _ 533
stefane episkoposi _ 563
stefane episkopos i (bodbeli) _ 283
stefa ne episkop osi (tbeTis, SavSeTis) _
375
stefane efeseli _ 689
stefane mtbevari _ 79
stefa ne pirve lmowame _ 349
stefa ne sananois Ze _ 176
stefa noz adarnases Ze _ 349
stefa noz gurgenis Ze _ 376
stefa noz episk oposi (rusTavis) _ 342
stefa noz eris mTavari _ 657
stefa noz qarTlis mefe _ 365, 366 , 658
straboni _ 647
strat ofile biWvinTeli _ 635, 636 , 637
suvorovi n. _ 134
sula (mirian mTavris Ze) _ 373
surgulaZe ivane _ 86, 223 , 454
f adla
I kaxeTis mTavari _ 694

fadla II kaxeTis mTavari _ 694
falav andiSvili _ 508
farna vaz mefe _ 362, 443 , 646, 657 , 671
faRava _ 241
febronia monazoni _ 371
feiqriSvili _ 640
feraZe grigoli _ 308, 640
fili p e episko posi (dra ndeli) _ 205,
211
fili pe episkoposi (urbnisis) _ 238
filoTe os aleqsand rieli _ 16 1, 166
filoTe os brieniosi _ 640
fircxa lava samson _ 555
ficxe lauri dos iTeos ep iskoposi _ 463
flabian mitrop oliti (m oskovis) _ 563
fokas episkoposi (tsermili) _ 342
foti e piskoposi ( sevastopolisis) _
655
foti p atriarqi _ ix. wmida foti
fofxaZe _ 613
franCesko bolonieli _ 478
furcelaZe daviTi _ 223
futkaraZe tarieli _ 646
fxalaZe melqisede k III kaTa likospatriarqi _ 6 03, 604, 613, 620 , 621
q arTve lisSvili
tarasi
episkoposi (wilkneli) _ 298

taras i konstant inopoleli _ 68
timoTe aleqsa ndrieli _ 68, 161 , 166
timoTe mTavarepis koposi _ 47 2, 476
timoTe patriarqi _ 88
titlinovi b. _ 609
tixon patriarqi (ruseTis) _ ix.
belavini tixoni
tols toi l. _ 512
tonk melisi _ 512
torma sovi _ 149 , 562
trelini _ 533
troick i s. _ 126 , 677
tyemalaZe _ 533
tyema laZe marko zi (dekano zi) _ 525, 528,
553, 570, 597, 600, 602
u ranios
episkoposi _ 641
uxtane si _ 386, 64 5, 687
_ 241
qerob in arqima ndriti (a belisZe) _ 452
qvariani zaqaria kaTalik osi _ 189 , 206
qiqoZe gabriel episkopo si _ 308, 509,
512, 51 3, 536
qoCaqiZe _ 241
qriste fore Tbileli _ 487
qrist efore episkoposi (samTavne li) _
475
qrist efore episkoposi (trapezunteli)
_ 656 , 662
qrist efore episkoposi ( wilknis) _ 238
qrist efore mTa varepisko posi _ 21 3-215
qurdiani m. _ 646
quji _ 646
R oRoberiZe
_ 241
y aiTma zaSvili
fili pe _ 477
yauxCiSvili s. _ 635, 643-64 6, 714
770
yvaryv are aTabagi _ 451
yifiani dimitri _ 509, 512 , 515, 516 , 536,
541
yubaneiSvili nestori _ 600, 603, 605, 614
yubas ar amirsp asalari _ 429
yuTlu-arslani _ 429
Samada vla
dadian-gurieli _ 189, 192,

193, 196
SaniZe a . _ 605
SanSe mxargrZeli _ 445
SaSia mawyuereli _ 180
Sah-a basi _ 145 , 463
Sah-ib rahimi _ 47 3, 475
Sah-is maili _ 47 3, 475
Sah-nadiri _ 146, 473 , 475
Sah-nava z _ 455
Sah-sef i _ 145
Sah-s olomoni _ 145
Sah-sulTan huseini _ 145
Sevard naZe eduardi _ 630
Selia _ 241
Serva SiZe eqvTime _ 152, 495, 500, 502508, 58 5, 699
Sio mRvimeli _ 43 8, 439
Siola Svil-RuduSa uri ilia II
kaTalikos-pat riarqi _ 91, 154, 308,
621, 624, 626, 630
Siuk aSvili _ 533
SoSiaSvili _ 533
SublaZe _ 533
SuSania aleqsi beri _ 308 , 543
SuSaniki _ ix. wmida SuSaniki
C erqez iSvili
nikolozi _ 666
Cita Ze Sio _ 555
CiqavaZe _ 533
Ciqob ava a. _ 646
Ciquani _ 241
Ciqua ni giorgi _ 241
CiCua _ 241
CijavaZe _ 241
Cubina Svili daviTi _ 465
Cudecki (sasuliero seminariis
reqto ri) _ 509 , 515
Cxata raiSvili q veli _ 240 , 696
CxetiZe evdem on I kaTa likosi _ 189,
206, 207
CxetiZe simon kaTaliko si _ 189 , 206
Cxotua r. _ 586 , 587
c agare li
aleqs andre _ 1 49, 465, 558,

561-5 65, 568, 570
cecilian karTa geneli ep iskoposi _ 637
cincaZe _ 533
cinca Ze giorgi _ 91
cinca Ze iakob _ 615
cinca Ze kalistrate kaTalikospatriarqi _ 29 8, 406, 523, 525, 587,
593, 597, 598, 600-602, 604, 606, 608,
613-61 8, 620
ci pini vladislav _ 92, 128 , 134-136, 371,
673, 675, 676, 683, 689, 690
cicq iSvili _ 533
cicqiSvili qristefore III kaTalikospatriarqi _ 28 3, 284, 525, 528, 533,
600-6 06, 608-611, 613 -615
cqiri episkoposi _ 81, 367 , 369, 370 -372,
374, 42 5, 713
Z inZib aZe
w ereTeli
zaqaria mRvdeli _ 626
_ 241
wereTeli akaki _ 525
wereTeli dosiTe osi _ 152, 183, 495, 497,
500, 502-508, 585, 691 , 699
wereTeli i. _ 611
wereTe li qaixosro _ 506
wmida grigoli _ 661
wmida dionise _ 62
wmida ignati _ 67
wmida lukiane _ 213
wmida nino _ 75, 97, 98, 10 7, 112-114 , 119,
120, 136, 157, 158, 164, 193, 199, 213,
231, 337, 363, 364, 443, 570, 619, 661,
671
wmida petre aleqsandrieli _ 62, 161,
165
wmida svimeon _ 397
wmida foti pat riarqi _ 67, 71, 7 2, 85
wmida SuSaniki _ 346
wulukiZe _ 241
wulukiZe germane _ 189
W avWav aZe
ilia _ 512, 513, 525, 536, 553555, 5 67-569

WeliZe svimon _ 600
x alifa
haSini _ 353
xarito ni (naTlism cemlis monastris
winam ZRvari) _ 213
xaxanaSvili ale qsandre _ 220, 222, 475,
478, 4 80, 524, 5 61-563
xaxut aSvili _ 533, 605 , 613
xelaia ambrosi kaTalik os-patria rqi _
283, 308, 505, 507, 508, 569, 573, 575,
576, 588, 593, 597, 598, 600-606, 608,
609, 611
xelaSvili ioa ne _ 510 , 511
xerxe uliZe nikoloz kaTalikosi _ 461
xomat ini dimit ri arqiepiskoposi _ 132,
143
xosro Sahi _ 345 , 387
xosro I Sahi _ 644
xoSta ria e. _ 426
xrisa nfi (qris anTo) pa triarqi _ 110,
146, 354, 356, 670
j avaxiSvili
iva ne _ 76-78 , 80, 85, 118,

124, 127, 129-131, 138, 140, 157, 160,
190, 193, 223, 337, 343, 367, 370, 372,
404-407, 415, 422, 423, 427, 429, 435,
439, 441, 444-447, 535, 536, 540, 635,
771
646, 672 , 693, 697-700, 705, 713

javeliZe g. _ 611
jaiani _ 241
jaliaSvili _ 533
jamba kur-orbeliani a. _ 533
janaSia s. _ 336, 340 , 341
jandieri ioseb kaTalik osi _ 463 , 481
jafar amira _ 44 2, 448
jafariZe anania mTavarep iskoposi _ 646
jafariZe pavle episkopo si _ 283, 597,
600, 604, 613, 614
jafariZe trifon _ 253, 586 , 605
jaSi _ 533
jaSi nikolozi _ 525
jajaniZe germa ne mRvde l-mowame _ 308
jioevi _ 533
jolia _ 241
jorbenaZe b. _ 54 4, 545
juanSe r arCilis Ze _ 376
juanSe r spaspeti _ 121
juanSe ri _ 336, 33 7, 364
h aagi
k. _ 546
haqst hauzeni _ 223
herak le keisari (imperat ori) _ 76, 110,
146, 344, 345, 354-357, 364, 365, 380,
635, 642, 647, 649, 653, 655, 657, 660,
662, 670-672, 685
hiSami _ 353
hold aki d. _ 223
772
geografiul da saeklesio saxelTa
saZiebeli
a bazgia
_ 674
abas Tumani _ 426
abaSa _ 311
abaSis raioni _ 30 1, 311
aboci _ 377, 385, 430 , 459
agarak -walkis ep arqia _ 28 5, 299
agara ki _ 116, 286, 299 , 339
agara kis eparq ia _ 254, 268, 285 , 299
adigeni _ 180
adige nis raio ni _ 300 , 309
avlab ari _ 507 , 508
avlabris eklesia _ 606
avstralia _ 595
avstria _ 595
azerb aijani _ 596
aziis diocezi _ 6 76, 680, 68 8, 689
aziis eklesia _ 126
aTeni _ 68, 73,
aTina _ 596
aTinas olqi _ 25 6, 269, 28 7, 300
aToni _ 192
aTonis iverTa m onasteri _ 132, 397 , 439
aTonis lavra _ 348
aia ( qalaqi) _ 644
akvilei _ 64,
akro polisi _ 645
alaverdi _ 268, 2 86, 299, 30 9, 562
alaverdis eklesia _ 233, 23 8, 254
alave rdis eparq ia _ 150, 254, 268, 286,
299, 309, 595, 596
alaverdis kaTedra _ 588
alave rdis monasteri _ 570
alaSk ertis eparqia _ 255 , 269, 286 , 300
alaSk ertis olq i _ 255, 269, 286 , 300
alaSk ertis saep iskoposo _ 596
albaneTi _ 147, 340, 357, 427, 430, 651,
690
albaneTis ekle sia _ 111, 340, 650 -652,
681
albaneTis saka Talikoso _ 192
albaneTis sapa triarqo _ 651
aleut is samitropolito _ 616
aleqsa ndria _ 66 , 90, 100, 126, 212, 385387, 393, 609, 652, 655, 663-666, 676,
680, 68 7, 688
aleqsa ndriis eklesia _ 64, 107, 108, 126,
391-3 93, 565, 664
aleqs andriis sa egzarqoso _ 684
aleqs andriis sapatriarqo _ 73, 192,
394, 424, 452, 620, 688
aleqs andriis saydari _ 663
alvaneTi _ 354 , 671
amasia _ 664
ambrolauri _ 310
ambro lauris raioni _ 300 , 310
amerika (aSS, kanada) _ 595
amierkavkasia _ 267, 340, 342, 344, 345,
348, 504, 510, 517, 535, 561, 578, 580,
582, 586, 591, 609, 650, 652
amierkavkasiis saeqzarx oso _ 575 , 577
anako fiis cixe _ 365
ananuri _ 504 , 505
anatolia _ 641
anisi _ 430, 43 4-437
anisis eparqia _ 255, 269, 286 , 300
anisis saepis koposo _ 596
ankviria _ 161, 165,
ankira _ 67, 69 , 391, 692 , 694
antioqia _ 65-67, 69, 72, 73, 84, 90, 94, 95,
97, 100-105, 107-112, 114, 120, 123,
132, 136, 137, 151, 161, 165, 171, 189,
190-192, 196, 212, 336-339, 341, 346,
351-3 61, 381, 385-387, 389-394, 397405, 528, 558, 565, 568, 649, 650, 652,
659, 663-666, 672, 673, 676, 678-681,
684, 6 87-689, 69 2, 695
antio qiis ekle sia _ 64, 100, 105, 107,
108, 126, 136, 391-395, 565, 664, 678,
680
antioq iis kaTedra _ 353
antio qiis saegzarqoso _ 684
antio qiis sapa triarqo _ 73, 104, 105,
111, 123, 124, 135, 149, 192, 352, 366,
388, 394, 398-400, 403, 424, 452, 680,
688
antio qiis sayd ari _ 75 , 663
anCa _ 367, 370-37 2, 374
anCis eparqia _ 2 55, 269, 28 7, 300
anCis kaTedra _ 37 1, 713
anCis saepiskopos o _ 367, 37 0, 425
anCis saydari _ 369
anCisx atis taZari _ 590
arabe Ti _ 108, 676, 679 , 680
aragvi _ 254
aragvis xeoba _ 2 54, 268, 28 5, 301
aragv is saerisTavo _ 226 , 464
arani _ 109
argveTi _ 286, 30 0, 356, 36 5, 366, 411 , 658,
660
argina _ 387
areSis olqi _ 255, 268, 286, 300 , 596
arTvinis olqi _ 255, 269 , 287, 300 , 596
arian-qarTli _ 63 8, 645
armaz i _ 640, 686
armazcix e _ 337
armenia _ 368 , 680
artaa ni _ 116 , 377
artaa nis olqi _ 255, 269 , 286, 300 , 596
artanujis cixe _ 382, 396 , 410
arqeo polisi _ 643
arxangelski _ 511
asia _ 1 00, 684
asiis diocezi _ 94, 392 , 689
asiis eklesia _ 10 7, 393
asiis provincia _ 108
aspinZis raio ni _ 300 , 309
astraxani _ 609
afrikis diocezi _ 676
afsari _ 645
afsaros i _ 648
afSileTi _ 365 , 658
afxazeTi _ 103, 110, 112, 140, 14 6, 150,
189, 190, 191, 194, 196, 197, 200, 205208, 216, 230, 232, 338, 352-362, 364,
365, 381, 402, 408, 416, 417, 422, 445,
459, 469, 500, 519, 522, 530, 535, 537,
539, 547-550, 556, 571, 576, 578, 580,
586, 597, 598, 608, 641, 657-660, 670,
671, 681, 684, 685, 691, 693, 698, 699,
703
afxaz eTis ekles ia _ 111, 112, 190, 192,
358-36 2, 382, 57 6, 685
afxaz eTis sabWo Ta avtono miuri
respub lika _ 287 , 301
afxaz eTis sakaTalikoso _ 146, 189, 191194, 344, 356, 359, 360, 364, 366, 380382, 411, 420, 495, 424, 452, 666, 671,
672, 674, 684, 685, 690, 704
afxaz eTis same fo _ 346, 368, 404 , 704
aqili _ 664
aRvanqis sakaTalikoso _ 192
aRTam aris saka Talikoso _ 192
aRmos avleT kax eTi _ 521 , 522
773
àRmo savleTis~ diocezi _ 676, 679, 680,

688
àRmo savleTis~ prefeqtura _ 676, 679,
680, 688
awyuri (awyveri) _ 180, 183 , 185, 255 , 269,
286, 300
awyuris eparqia _ 255, 269 , 286, 300 , 595,
596, 604
awyuris saepiskoposo _ 373
aWara _ 598
aWaris tanis avto nomiuri sa bWoTa
resp ublika _ 287
axal-s enaki _ 51 5, 516
axalgo ris raioni _ 310
axalqalaqi _ 310
axalqa laqis mazra _ 255, 26 9, 286
axalq alaqis raioni _ 300 , 310
axalcixe _ 240, 241, 255, 269, 286, 287,
300, 309, 474, 505
axalcixis eparqia _ 309
axalcixis mazra _ 255, 269 , 286
axalcixis raio ni _ 300 , 309
axali aToni _ 311
axali zelandia _ 595
axali iustinia nes ekles ia _ 671, 674,
681
axiz a _ 116, 382
axizis cixe _ 382
axmeta _ 309
axmet is raioni _ 309
axridis eklesia _ 666
axtala _ 286, 29 9, 666
axtala-penteliTaris eparqia _ 285 , 299
axtalis monasteri _ 512
axtalis saepiskop oso kaTedra _ 666
babilonis
selevkia _ 136, 67 3, 680

bagrat is taZari _ 239
baTom-Semoqmedis eparqia _ 255, 269, 283,
287, 300, 595, 596, 614
baTom is eparqia _ 255, 269, 287 , 300
baTomis olqi _ 25 5, 269
baTom is raioni _ 300
baTumi (baTomi) _ 256, 269 , 287, 300 , 310,
587
baTumis gubernia _ 530
baTum is okrugi _ 153
baTum is olqi _ 524, 525 , 552
774
baTumisa da sxalTis eparqia _ 310
balka neTi _ 396 , 676
balkaneTis naxev arkunZuli _ 676
bamba kis xeob a _ 254, 268
bana _ 375
banas eparqia _ 2 55, 269, 28 7, 300
basia ni _ 300 , 596
basia nis olqi _ 255, 269 , 286
baqo _ 5 32, 609
baqos eparqia _ 557
baRdaTi _ 310
baRda Tis raio ni _ 301 , 310
baSkiCeTis raioni _ 299
bedia _ 193, 194 , 548
bediis eparqia _ 256, 269, 287 , 301
bediis saydari _ 360
belaqani _ 463
belo ruseTi _ 609
berTubani _ 212
beSta Senis eparqia _ 285 , 299
bzifi md . _ 549
bizantia _ 66, 70, 73, 76-78, 83, 85, 88, 90,
92, 107, 108, 111, 114, 115, 122, 127,
130-132, 134-136, 138-140, 178, 218,
219, 222, 223, 339-341, 343, 346, 352,
353, 359, 361, 362, 364-366, 368, 369,
372, 375, 376, 380, 382, 383, 394-397,
403, 419, 424, 425, 427, 428, 434, 441,
559, 647, 658-660, 666, 672-674, 680,
684, 69 7, 714
bizant iis eklesia _ 403
bizant iis imperia _ 75, 110 , 115, 117 , 136,
149, 217, 218, 335, 338, 339, 352, 384,
391-3 93, 396-3 98, 423, 424, 642, 653655, 657, 673, 681, 685, 707, 715
birev ani _ 409 , 412
birTv isis cixe _ 410
biWvinTa (biWvinta) _ 136, 189, 191, 193,
194, 196, 204-208, 221, 506, 627, 635637, 64 1, 644
biWvinTis eparqia _ 256, 269, 287 , 301
biWvinTis kaTedra _ 356
biWvinTis monasteri _ 512
biWvinTis saep iskoposo _ 635
biWvinTis taZari _ 207, 22 0, 670
bogdanovkas raioni _ 300
bodbe _ 255, 268 , 286, 300 , 310
bodbis eparqia _ 150, 254, 268, 286, 300,
310, 59 5, 596
bodbis monaste ri _ 213, 512, 570, 591,
620
bodbis samitropolito _ 594
bodb isxevi _ 534
bolnisi _ 116, 310, 339 , 686
bolnisis eparq ia _ 254, 268, 285 , 299
bolnisis raio ni _ 299 , 310
bolnis is taZari _ 686
bolnisisa da dmanisis eparqia _ 310
borCali _ 249
borCa los mazra _ 254, 268 , 286
borCalos raioni _ 299
borjomi _ 310
borjom is raioni _ 300
borjo mis xeob a _ 255, 268, 269 , 286
borjom isa da axalqalaqis epa rqia _
310
bosfo ri _ 654 , 661
britaneTis diocezi _ 676
bulga reTi _ 101 , 104, 217 , 405
bulga reTis ekle sia _ 74, 101, 104, 393,
394
gagra
_ 311
gagris raioni _ 30 1, 311
gagris ubani _ 25 6, 269
gaenaTis eparqia _ 150, 28 6, 300
galate a _ 67, 75 , 675
gali _ 311
galiis diocezi _ 676
galiis prefeqtura _ 676
galis raioni _ 30 1, 311
gangra _ ix. Rangra
ganja _ 474, 596
ganjis gubernia _ 594
ganjis olqi _ 25 5, 268, 28 6, 300
gardabani _ 374
gardab nis raioni _ 309
gare-k axeTi _ 25 4, 268, 28 5, 299
gare-q arTli _ 25 4, 268, 28 5, 301
garejis lavra _ 238
garini _ 664
gaCiani _ 337
gdovi _ 609
gegeWk oris raioni _ 301
gelaTi _ 141, 20 7, 255, 269 , 311, 446 , 500,
597, 612, 613, 699, 703, 714
gelaTis akadem ia _ 315 , 714
gelaTis monasteri _ 472, 57 0, 597
gelaTis saepiskoposo _ 504
gelaTis taZari _ 317, 597
genaTis eparqia _ 255, 269 , 595
genua _ 598, 600 , 602, 612 , 615
germa nia _ 129, 267, 595 , 616
giriSqi _ 226
giSis eparqia _ 2 54, 268, 28 6, 300
gonio s sakaTedro taZari _ 317
gori _ 255, 269, 286, 287, 300, 311, 485,
504, 56 2, 658
goris mazra _ 25 5, 268, 28 6, 521
goris raioni _ 30 0, 311
gremi _ 238
gugarq i _ 82, 34 4, 346, 38 4, 686
guda va md. _ 549
gudauTa _ 311
gudauTis raio ni _ 301 , 311
gudayv is (ZiRinev is) kaTedra _ 360
guTeTis ekles ia _ 105 , 111
gulrifSis raio ni _ 301 , 311
gumba di _ 161, 165, 652 , 654
gumbris mazra _ 2 55, 269, 28 6, 596
gumbris mxare _ 300
gurgana _ 395
gurza ni _ 109 , 115
guria _ 146, 150 , 191, 193 , 194, 196 , 239,
240, 255, 269, 287, 300, 354, 366, 410,
459, 468, 469, 497, 499, 503, 507, 541,
542, 556, 562, 563, 572, 584, 587, 658,
660, 67 0, 672
guria -samegrelo s eparqia _ 542
guria -samegrelos saepiskoposo _ 513,
516
guriis eparqia _ 269, 594
guriis samTavro _ 507
guriis (jumaTis) samit ropolito _ 150
gurjaani _ 311
gurja anis raio ni _ 300 , 311
d adaSe nis
eparq ia _ 255, 269, 286 , 300

dadaSe nis saepisk oposo _ 43 4, 596
daviT-garejis m onasteri _ 212, 213 , 214
dakiis diocezi _ 676
daria li _ 177 , 178
dasavleT iveria _ 641
dasavleT illrikis diocezi _ 676
775
daRest ani _ 254, 268, 286, 299, 474, 596,

651, 67 3, 685
dedof liswyaros raioni _ 310
dvaleTi _ 255, 268, 286, 300, 519, 520,
596
dvini _ 340, 341 , 342, 343 , 348, 387 , 644
dvinis eklesia _ 76
didi xazareTi ( md.) _ 659 , 660
didoe T-durZuke Ti _ 254, 268, 286, 299,
596
didoeTi _ 547
didubis xerTvisi _ 412
dioskuria _ 644
dmanisi _ 310
dmanisis eparq ia _ 254, 268, 285 , 299
dmanis is raioni _ 310
dodo garejelis monaste ri _ 212 , 213
drand is eparqia _ 256, 269, 287 , 301
drandis monasteri _ 513
duSeTi _ 311
duSeTis mazra _ 254, 268 , 285
duSeTis raioni _ 301, 311
egvi pt e
_ 62, 68, 100, 384, 565 , 688

egvi p tis dioce zi _ 676 , 680
egvi p tis ekles ia _ 126 , 393
egrisi _ 343, 34 4, 359, 36 0, 362-366 , 411,
644, 647, 657 -662
ergis is ekles ia _ 359 -361
egris is samefo _ 368
egriswyali (md.) _ 344, 35 7, 362-364 , 411,
645, 657, 671, 672, 683, 686
eladis eklesia _ 582, 671 , 681
eladis saarqiep iskoposo _ 192
eliza vetpoli _ 532
enguri _ 549
enguris xeoba _ 696
eJuanTa qedi _ 412
erayi _ 548
erevani _ 532
erTka ris qedi _ 412
erkeTi _ 250
eruSe Ti (uruSe Ti) _ 113, 116, 339 , 657
eruSe Tis eparq ia _ 255, 269, 286 , 300
eruSe Tis saep iskooso _ 596
erwo _ 97
erwos ve li _ 95
espaneTi _ 637
776
espane Tis diocezi _ 676
efeso _ 64, 65, 90, 101, 161, 165, 386, 392,
640, 664, 665, 676, 688
eCmia Zini _ 499 , 517
eCmia Zinis saka Talikoso _ 219
eCmia Zinis sap atriarqo _ 192
valaSk ertis
saep iskoposo _ 434

vani _ 3 10, 432
vanis raioni _ 30 1, 310
vanisa da baRdaTis eparqia _ 310
vardiani _ 463
varZia _ 453
vatikani _ 129
venecia _ 428
vitebsk i _ 575
vladivastoki _ 609
vladim iris eparqia _ 487
vladim iris kaTedra _ 481
vladim irisa da iaropolis
saepiskoposo kaTedra _ 470
vlaxeTi _ 233
voroneJi _ 609
z anduk is
xevi _ 179
zarzma _ 255, 26 9, 286
zaqaTa las okrugi _ 153
zaqaTa las olqi _ 255, 268, 286, 300, 521,
524, 525, 530, 552, 596
zemo iberia (ive ria) _ 110 , 146, 147 , 190,
206, 354, 410, 507, 670, 671, 674, 681
zemo iveriis eparqia _ 568
zemo imereTi _ 25 5, 269, 28 6, 300
zemo svaneTis raioni _ 301
zemo s omxeTi _ 25 5, 269, 28 6, 300
zemo q arTli _ 36 2, 476, 64 9, 651
zesta foni _ 2 55, 269, 310
zesta fonis raioni _ 300 , 310
zigana _ 654
ziganas saepiskoposo _ 110
znauris raioni _ 300, 310
zugdidi _ 310
zugdidis mazra _ 255, 269 , 287
zugdidis raio ni _ 301 , 310
zugdid isa da caiSis eparqia _ 310
zRvisp ireTi _ 64 4, 658
T akveri
_ 366, 65 8, 660
Tbilisi (tfilis i) _ 128, 145, 177, 225,
230, 231, 233, 234, 249, 254, 268, 285287, 299, 300, 309, 337, 367-369, 371,
374, 375, 414, 417, 425, 430, 431, 441,
442, 448, 463, 487, 488, 491, 492, 497,
499, 502, 515-518, 524, 526, 530-532,
550, 551, 555, 556, 503-506, 567, 568,
574, 576, 577, 578, 581-585, 588, 597,
601, 602, 604, 605, 611, 621, 627, 657,
672, 693
Tbilisis gubernia _ 153, 523-525, 530,
552, 59 0, 594
Tbilisis eparq ia _ 150, 267, 299, 593,
610
Tbilis is vaJTa I gimnazia _ 518
Tbilisis kaTed ra _ 267 , 601
Tbilisis olqi _ 602
Tbilis is raioni _ 300
Tbilis is saamiro _ 367, 37 0, 660
Tbilisis saka Talikoso eklesia _ 489
Tbilisis samit ropolito _ 238
Tbilis is saxelmwifo universiteti _
269
Tbilisis semina ria _ 498, 515, 531, 532,
588, 594
TeTriwyali (md.) _ 357
TeTriwyaro _ 285, 286 , 310
TeTriwyaros raioni _ 300 , 310
TeklaTis dedaTa monasteri _ 543
Telavi _ 254, 26 8, 286, 28 7, 299, 30 0, 309
Telav is mazra _ 254, 268 , 286
Telav is raioni _ 299, 309
Telavis sasuliero saswavle beli _
530
TeleTi _ 285
Tergi _ 254, 255 , 268, 286 , 299, 300 , 596
Terjola _ 310
Terjolis raioni _ 310
Tesaloniki _ 87 , 136, 192 , 676
TianeTi _ 311
Tiane Tis mazra _ 254, 268 , 286
Tiane Tis raio ni _ 299 , 311
Tiri _ 150
TorTomi _ 596
TorTom is olqi _ 2 56, 269, 28 7, 300
Trakia _ 100, 684
Trakiis diocezi _ 94, 392 , 676, 680 , 689
Trakiis eklesia _ 107, 126 , 393
TrialeTi _ 377
TurqeTi _ 461, 54 8, 549
Tuxarisis cixe _ 382
i beria
(iveria) _ 102, 107, 111, 118, 119,

124, 137, 146, 353-357, 395, 399, 530,
534, 561, 565, 639, 645, 647, 648, 659,
663-66 6, 670-672 , 674, 679 , 680
iberia , imeria (q alaqi) _ 63 8, 641
iberiis (iveriis) ekles ia _ 101, 107,
109, 111, 118, 119, 123, 124, 136, 137,
393-395, 399, 404, 405, 528-530, 554,
568, 570, 572, 575, 623, 639, 663, 664,
666
iberiis samefo _ 646
ierusa limi _ 62, 66, 76, 7 7, 81, 111 , 112,
151, 189-192, 212, 342, 358, 359, 381,
382, 385-387, 398-400, 419, 568, 652,
663-666, 672, 679, 687, 688, 690
ierusa limis ekle sia _ 108, 126, 341, 392,
565, 664
ierus alimis sap atriarqo _ 73, 192, 359,
394, 398, 424, 620, 663, 665, 680, 688
ierus alimis s aydari _ 663
ierusa limis udabno _ 647
ierusa limis jvris monasteri _ 400
ivandidi (sof.) _ 501
iveriis sakaTa likoso _ 149, 562 , 566
iveronis monasteri _ 396
ikorTa _ 150
ilirikis pref eqtura _ 676
imereTi _ 146, 1 48, 150-152 , 183, 191 , 205207, 220, 239, 240, 354, 355, 474, 495,
498-502, 525, 526, 538, 551, 556, 503,
505-507, 509, 562, 563, 572, 666, 670,
672, 691
imereTis eparqia _ 150, 52 5, 588
imereTis samefo _ 216, 497 , 500, 505 , 507,
546, 699
imierk avkasia _ 52 0, 609
inglisi _ 546 , 595
inguri (md.) _ 28 7, 301
inguSeTi _ 539
indoe Ti _ 120 , 546
ioane naTlismcemlis mo nasteri _ 150,
212, 213
iraklia _ 94, 676
irani _ 76, 115, 144, 145, 147, 226, 341,
777
343, 47 3, 644
isavria _ 684
isosis navsayudari _ 645
ispah ani _ 147 , 460
ispiri _ 596
ispiris olqi _ 25 6, 269, 28 7, 300
israeli _ 131
italia _ 129, 47 6, 689
italiis diocezi _ 676
italiis prefeqtura _ 676
iSxani _ 368, 37 0, 375, 38 3, 712
iSxanis eparqia _ 255, 269, 287 , 300
iSxanis taZari _ 409
k abadok ia
_ 67, 6 8, 661, 67 6, 680

kavkasia _ 76, 83, 108, 151, 341 , 363, 395,
514, 517, 524, 528, 533, 538, 539, 551,
553, 555, 557, 566, 567, 576, 577, 583,
622, 645, 651, 658, 659, 680
kavka siis ekle sia _ 550 , 563
kavka siis mTe bi _ 95, 354, 539 , 670
kavkas iis mTianeTi _ 651
kavka siis qedi _ 194
kavka sionis regioni _ 520
kavkas ionis qedi _ 520
kaiSauri _ 503
kak-e niseli _ 463
kalmaxi _ 654
kaluga _ 609
kamaxi _ 654
kangari _ 120, 12 1, 389
karTageni _ 67, 98, 99 , 111, 115, 16 1, 165,
653, 67 6, 684
karis eparqia _ 2 55, 269, 28 6, 300
karis saepiskooso _ 596
karnu-qalaqi _ 701
kasp i _ 311, 337
kaspiis zRva _ 357
kaspiispireTi _ 357
kaspis raioni _ 30 0, 311
kawareTi _ 337
kawareTis eparqia _ 254, 268, 285 , 299
kawari _ 238
kaWreTis raioni _ 300
kaxeT-hereTis samefo _ 346
kaxeTi _ 115, 11 6, 128, 130 , 131, 145 , 147,
148, 151, 157, 191, 206, 213, 230-232,
237, 249, 339, 344, 348, 354, 355, 362,
778
374, 410, 424-426, 459, 463, 467, 469,
474, 475, 479, 481, 483, 487, 506, 528,
530-534, 538, 544, 551, 556, 562, 572,
574, 583, 640, 649, 651, 659, 660, 671,
672, 691, 693, 694
kaxeTis mTiuleTi _ 693
kaxeTis saepisk oposoebi _ 479
kaxeTis samef o _ 216, 685
kaxeTis samTavro _ 130
kaxeTis olqi _ 14 5, 146
kelas ura (md.) _ 357
kent erberi _ 612
kerasunt i _ 643
kesaria _ 67-69, 109, 676, 680 , 715
kvi prosi _ 101, 104, 392 , 394, 565 , 640
kvi pro sis eklesia _ 65, 75 , 101, 102 , 108,
126, 149, 392-394, 405, 666, 671, 674,
681, 68 4, 689
kvi pro sis kunZuli _ 65
kvi pro sis saarqiepiskoposo _ 192
kibeT queSeTi _ 179
kievi _ 497
kilikia _ 684
kilik iis sakaTalikoso _ 192
kiskimi _ 596
kiskim is olqi _ 2 56, 269, 28 7, 300
klarjeTi _ 76, 78, 115 , 116, 129, 13 0, 138,
142, 184, 255, 269, 287, 300, 338, 339,
346, 361, 362, 364, 365, 367 -370, 372374, 377, 381-383, 385, 409, 412, 425,
548, 559, 596, 657, 683, 693, 710
kldek aris cix e _ 396, 410
klisura (md.) _ 338, 344, 357, 358, 361366, 642, 648, 657-660, 671, 672, 683,
686
kodori _ 549
kodori (md.) _ 549
kolxe Ti _ 146, 354, 644 , 670
komana _ 643
konst antinopoli _ 63, 64, 66, 67, 6 9-74,
76, 77, 81-83, 86, 90, 94, 95, 101, 104,
106-109, 111, 113, 114, 120, 129, 136,
146, 161, 165, 212, 222, 283, 339, 341,
352, 353, 356-360, 366, 368, 380, 381,
385, 386, 392, 393, 396-400, 453, 469,
490, 556, 565, 608, 622, 639, 640, 642,
644, 645, 647, 649, 650, 652, 654, 655,
663-666, 6 72, 673, 676, 680, 685, 687690, 69 7, 698
konst antinopolis ekles ia _ 107, 108,
123, 126, 135, 136, 392, 565, 582, 608,
623, 625, 655, 664, 697
konst antinopolis sapatriarqo _ 73 , 88,
110, 123, 137, 192, 218, 344, 352, 360,
365, 394, 424, 425, 452, 596, 620, 621,
647, 651-653, 657, 670, 672, 680, 684,
685, 69 0, 700
konst antinopo lis sayda ri _ 354 , 663
kontua Ti (sof.) _ 501
korinTo _ 136
kremli _ 616
kukiis wm. nikolo zis eklesia _ 525
kumurdos eparq ia _ 255, 269, 286 , 300
kuxi (sof.) _ 501
lagodexi
_ 310
lagod exis raio ni _ 300 , 310
lazeTi _ 361, 64 3, 648
lazika _ 146, 34 4, 345, 354 , 645, 649 , 652654, 656, 661, 670
lazike _ 643
lazik is eparqia _ 110, 381, 652 , 654
lazik is samitropolito _ 674
laked emonia _ 664
lanCxuTi _ 311
lanCxuTis raioni _ 311
laodikia _ 67, 69, 88 , 100, 124, 12 5, 161,
165, 490, 692, 693, 695
largvis i _ 150
laSxeTi _ 458
lenina kanis raioni _ 385
leningoris raioni _ 300
leningradi _ 60 8-610
lentexi _ 311
lentex is raioni _ 311
leCxum-svaneTi _ 255, 269, 286 , 301
leCxumis mazra _ 255, 269 , 286
lidia (libia) _ 63 8, 676
lisisi _ 643
liuqs enburgi _ 287
lixT-ameri _ 19 1, 194, 19 6-198, 200 , 206
lixT-imereTi _ 189, 240 , 497
lixT-imeri _ 206 , 462
lixis mTa _ 194 , 357
lixis qedi _ 410
lomis i _ 178, 179
lore-t aSiri _ 36 8, 598
lori-bambakis mazra _ 286
lori-bambakis mxare _ 299
lugi _ 609
m avritiniis
diocezi _ 676
maTxo ji (sof.) _ 501
maiako vskis raioni _ 301
makedo niis diocezi _ 676
mama daviTi _ 515
manglisi _ 113, 116, 285, 286, 300, 310,
339, 46 3, 657
manglisis eparqia _ 254, 268, 285 , 300
manglisisa da walkis eparqia _ 310
margve Tis eparqia _ 286, 30 0, 310
marmaSenis monas teri _ 385 , 387
marneuli _ 310
marneulis raioni _ 310
martv ili _ 255, 269, 287 , 301, 311 , 425
martvilis eparqia _ 150
martvilis raioni _ 311
martv ilis sae piskoposo taZari _ 647
maRla ki (sof.) _ 501
maxara Zis raioni _ 300
medio lanumi _ 636
meletini _ 664
meneso _ 179
menz ia _ 663 -665
merisa _ 382
mesopo tamia _ 68 , 108, 676 , 679, 680 , 684
mestia _ 311, 458
mestiis raioni _ 311
mesxeTi _ 130, 14 5, 146, 18 0, 230, 343 , 354,
355, 369, 383, 451, 452, 459, 537, 544,
598, 670, 671, 683, 685
mesxeTis eklesia _ 685
mTawmid a _ 397
mTianeTi _ 130 , 694
mila ni _ 64, 636
milanis eklesia _ 689
mitileni _ 664
mijnaZori (miZna Zori) _ 13 5, 411
mijna Zoris monasteri _ 408, 409 , 410
movakani _ 364
mozdoki _ 503
moldaveTi _ 217
mosko vi _ 151 , 465, 47 0, 570, 5 81, 582, 584,
608-6 10, 616, 617
moskov is sapatriarqo _ 616 , 666
779
mosko vis krem lis miZinebis taZari _

581
moqvis eparqia _ 256, 269, 287 , 301
moqvis monasteri _ 513
moqvis sakaTedro taZari _ 317
moqvis saydari _ 360
mtkva ri (md.) _ 112
mtkvris marcxena sanapiro _ 686
mulduli _ 664
muxrani _ 177, 1 79, 226, 30 9, 311, 43 8, 439
muxranis sasaxle _ 438
muxuris i _ 643
mcire azia _ 65 , 83, 111, 123, 219, 382,
637, 63 8, 676
mcxeTa _ 98, 105 , 111, 112 , 114, 118 -120,
123, 136, 145, 150, 158, 164, 184, 217,
226, 233, 237, 249, 253, 254, 268, 285,
299, 309, 336, 337, 343-345, 349, 350,
355, 357-362, 381, 382, 389, 402, 405,
415, 435, 441, 442, 448, 451, 452, 460,
479, 530, 570, 572, 574, 576, 580, 627,
640, 644, 649, 650-652, 654, 671, 683,
685, 686
mcxeTa-Tbilisis eparqia _ 268, 285, 299,
301, 309, 315, 317, 595
mcxeTa-samTavro _ 95
mcxeTis eklesia _ 352, 355 , 356, 360 , 361,
404, 406, 647, 653
mcxeTis eparqia _ 150, 254 , 267, 268 , 285,
299, 593
mcxeTis kaTedra _ 568
mcxeTis raioni _ 299, 309
mcxeTis sakaTa likoso _ 136, 137, 147,
352, 354, 356, 378, 441, 583, 655, 679
mcxeTis samTav ro _ 681 , 682
mcxeTis sapat riarqo _ 194
mcxeTis seminaria _ 620
mcxeTis taZari _ 573
mcxeTis jvris ta Zari _ 349 , 350
n astakis i
_ 95
naxaxulevi (sof.) _ 501
nekre si _ 238, 310, 337 , 463
nekres is eparqia _ 150, 254 , 268, 286 , 299,
310, 463
neoke saria _ 67 , 69, 161, 165, 643, 692,
695
neZvi _ 710
780
nikea _ 63-66, 68, 74, 77, 89, 90, 99, 100,
102, 106, 125, 126, 161, 165, 335, 336,
386, 391, 393, 490, 635, 636, 639, 656,
664, 673, 676-678, 681 , 690
nikomedia _ 664
nikopoli _ 654
nokornis qedi _ 254
nikorwmida _ 2 55, 269, 286, 300 , 310
nikorwmidis eparqia _ 255, 269, 286, 300,
310
nikof sia _ 103, 361, 402 , 641
ninowmida _ 1 16, 238, 310, 311 , 339
ninowmidis eparqia _ 150, 254, 268, 285,
299, 595
ninowmidis mo nasteri _ 570
ninowm idis raioni _ 310
niqoz i _ 310, 336, 339 , 653
niqozis eparqia _ 150, 255 , 268, 286 , 300
niqoz isa da cxinvalis eparqia _ 310
novgo rodi _ 152 , 507
novos ibirski _ 609
nuxis olqi _ 2 55, 268, 286, 300 , 596
nuxpati _ 463
o diSi
_ 191, 194, 196, 205, 240, 255, 269,

287, 301, 410, 507, 519, 544, 572, 584,
617, 670
ozurge Ti _ 287, 31 1, 672
ozurge Tis eparqia _ 150
ozurge Tis mazra _ 255, 269 , 287
ozurge Tis raioni _ 311
olTis is olqi _ 255, 269, 287, 300 , 596
olimp is mTa _ 111
oni _ 255, 269, 286, 300 , 310
onis raioni _ 30 0, 310
opiza _ 135, 377, 382 , 698
opizis monast eri _ 40 8-410
orlovsk i _ 558
orjonikiZis raioni _ 300
oseTi _ 146, 194 , 196, 354 , 539, 649 , 651,
670
osmaleTi _ 144, 145, 147, 218, 219, 255,
267, 269, 287, 300, 471, 498, 517
oCamCire _ 311
oCamCiris raio ni _ 301 , 311
oxridis eklesia _ 671
oxrid is saarqie piskoposo _ 681
p alestina
_ 68, 382, 565, 676, 679, 680,

684, 690
pamfilia _ 65
parizi _ 595
pekiis eklesia _ 666
penta polisi _ 676
peterb urgi _ 135 , 225, 498 , 503-507, 515,
516, 521, 534, 536, 551, 555, 558, 561,
562, 569, 577, 587, 590
peterburgis sa suliero a kademia _ 523,
551
petra _ 110, 642 -645, 647, 648, 654, 661,
662
petra s saepis koposo _ 644
petriwonis monasteri _ 348, 396 , 397
petrogradi _ 586
petro n-cixisZiris saep iskoposo _ 651
petroni _ 652, 65 4, 655
piatigorski _ 616
pitiota _ 657
pitiunti _ 642 , 643
polem onioni _ 643
polemo nis ponto _ 643
polem onis ponto s eparqia _ 637
poloneTi _ 219
polone Tis eklesia _ 104
ponto _ 100, 643 , 661, 680 , 684
ponto amasiis olqi _ 638
pontos diocezi _ 68, 69, 9 4, 95, 392 , 676,
680, 689
ponto s eklesia _ 107, 126 , 393, 680 , 689
ponto s zRva _ 194, 196 , 635
ponto s provincia _ 75 , 108
Jinvali
r avena s
(Jinvani) _ 177 , 178
eklesia _ 689
rani _ 254, 268 , 286, 300 , 364
raWa _ 255, 269, 286, 300, 5 02-504
raWis eparqia _ 150
raWis mazra _ 255, 269 , 286
raWis mTianeTi _ 653
rgani _ 97, 677
riazani _ 575
rize _ 5 96, 664
rizes olqi _ 256 , 269, 287 , 300
riyis wmida nik olozis eklesiis
saswa vlebeli _ 551, 553 , 555
rodop olisi _ 110, 643 , 654
rodop olisis s aepiskopo so _ 381 , 651
romi _ 63, 64, 66, 76, 87, 90, 100, 109, 113,
114, 144, 218, 223, 335, 385-387, 391,
424, 470, 519, 612, 622, 636, 637, 652,
664, 665, 687, 691, 716
romis eklesia _ 64, 107, 108, 126 -128,
143, 212, 341, 392, 423, 689
romis imperia _ 74, 75, 8 3, 95, 99, 101,
106, 108, 109, 113, 115, 131, 139, 336,
351, 373, 390-392, 423, 424, 675, 677,
679, 680-682, 687, 688 , 715
romis kaTedra _ 424
romis sapatria rqo _ 394 , 688
romis saydari _ 663
rostovi _ 609
ruisi _ 85, 95, 97, 98 , 119, 132, 13 7, 139,
141, 142, 157-159, 161, 162, 167, 193,
233, 238, 311, 336, 363, 364, 378, 405,
461, 673, 694, 698, 706, 708, 709, 714,
715
ruisis eparqia _ 150, 255 , 268, 286 , 300
rumine Tis eklesia _ 74, 10 4, 595
ruseTi _ 132, 13 5, 143, 14 7, 150-154 , 217,
233, 239, 249, 255, 267, 283, 372, 383,
461, 462, 464, 466-471, 473-482, 485487, 490, 491, 495-499, 501, 503-514,
517, 521-529, 531-534, 537-540, 542,
543, 547, 548, 551, 553-559, 562-577,
579-583, 586, 588, 589, 591, 597-600,
604, 6 08, 617-61 9, 666
ruseTis eklesia _ 74, 104, 149, 482, 487,
509, 526, 529, 534, 542, 551, 557, 560,
562, 565-567, 570, 579, 582, 604, 606,
608-6 10, 616-620, 665 , 691
ruseTis imperia _ 136, 148 , 149, 153 , 502,
699
ruseTis sapat riarqo _ 600, 620 , 666
rusTav i _ 116, 31 0, 339
rusTa vis eparq ia _ 150, 254, 268, 285,
299, 310
ruxi _ 239
s abaraTiano
_ 285 , 300
saberZneTi _ 105 , 113, 114 , 216, 217 , 249,
338, 347, 364, 365, 382, 397, 402, 426,
781
464, 489, 519, 658, 666

sagarejo _ 311
sagarejos raio ni _ 299 , 311
sagarejos wm. ninos mo nasteri _ 213
sagarejosa da gurjaanis eparqia _ 311
saguramo _ 285, 301, 309 , 311
sagura mos ubani _ 254
saingilo _ 230, 310, 459, 463, 476, 521,
522, 537, 539, 596, 598
saisini _ 654
saisinis saepiskoposo _ 110
samegrelo _ 146, 150, 151, 193, 240, 354,
497, 499, 503, 509, 512-516, 534-544,
546, 550, 556, 562, 563, 646, 670, 672
samegrelos eparqia _ 150
samegrelos sa mTavro _ 507
samTa visi _ 238 , 311, 454 , 455
samTa visis eparqia _ 150, 254, 268, 285,
286, 30 0, 301
samTav isis ubani _ 255
samTav isisa da go ris eparqia _ 311
samTa vros eparq ia _ 150, 255, 268, 285,
286, 30 0, 301
samTav ros samarxi _ 677
samTav ros taZari _ 350
samTa vrosa da goris sa mitropolito _
238
samo qalaqo _ 344
samtredia _ 311
samtrediis raioni _ 301 , 311
samurzayano _ 519, 530, 535, 549 , 586
samurzayanos saepiskop oso kaTe dra _
586
samuris olqi _ 25 5, 268, 28 6, 300
samux is olqi _ 596
samSvild e _ 337
samcxe _ 128, 142, 180 , 185, 255, 26 9, 286,
300, 372, 373, 377, 378, 424, 425, 453,
517, 694
samcxe -saaTabago _ 183, 184 , 232, 237 , 649,
651
samcxis samTavro _ 134
samwyris wyali _ 412
samxreT iberia _ 638
samxre T oseTis av tonomiuri olqi _
285, 30 1, 521
sankt -peterburgis sasuliero aka demia
_ 512
sarapa nisi (sara pana) _ 64 3, 653
782
sardikia _ 67
sarweb is eklesia _ 367
satra felas eparqia _ 255 , 269, 287 , 300
safara _ 142, 180, 185, 309, 452 , 453
safaris monast eri _ 387 , 513
safrangeTi _ 461 , 595
saqaTmis kari _ 412
saCxere _ 286, 30 0, 311
saCxe ris raio ni _ 300 , 311
sebas topoli ( sevastop oli),
sebast opolisi _ 3 61, 641-645 , 654,
655
sevanis tba _ 459
sevski _ 558
selev skiis qt esifoni _ 115
senak i _ 311, 543
senak is mazra _ 255, 269 , 287
senak is raioni _ 311
serbeTis eklesia _ 104
serbiis eklesia _ 582
setis monasteri _ 458
svaneTi _ 146, 3 54, 363, 36 6, 426, 45 6-458,
513, 515, 535, 536, 539, 541, 544, 547,
645, 646, 649, 651, 658, 660, 670, 692,
696
svaneTis mTiuleTi _ 458
sveticxoveli _ 118, 146, 230, 233, 254,
268, 285, 299, 308, 316, 317, 323, 350,
416, 572, 593, 597, 621, 626, 670
sverd lovski _ 609
svimo nwmidis m onasteri _ 84, 346, 397,
401
sviris monasteri _ 505
simon kananelis monasteri _ 513
sinas mTa _ 6 72, 673, 685
sionis taZari _ 253, 254, 284, 317, 498,
515, 570, 574, 575, 583-585, 593, 594,
597, 611, 615, 617
siria _ 68, 8 3, 108, 3 84, 565, 676, 679 , 680
sirmia _ 64
siRna Ri _ 255, 268, 286, 287, 300 , 310
siRna Ris mazra _ 255, 268, 286 , 534
siRna Ris raio ni _ 300 , 310
skanda _ 11 0, 352, 361, 365, 380 , 647, 651,
653, 685
skandis i _ 643
somxeTi _ 83, 84 , 109, 116 -118, 120, 125,
130, 216, 217, 219, 309, 339-346, 362,
368, 369, 384, 385, 387, 388, 410, 420,
424, 427, 434-436, 476, 517, 522, 619,
654, 666, 685, 690, 706, 707, 715
somxe Tis ekles ia _ 109, 111, 116, 340,
382, 619, 650, 652, 653, 673
somxe Tis mTianeTi _ 676 , 680
soxum -afxazeTis eparqia _ 576
soxumi _ 256, 26 9, 287, 301 , 311, 537 , 563,
576, 609
soxumis eparqia _ 253, 576 , 610
soxum is okrugi _ 153
soxum is olqi _ 256, 269, 524, 525, 552,
594
soxum is raioni _ 311
spars eTi _ 108, 115, 116, 122, 127, 136,
145, 146, 233, 337-341, 345, 347, 387,
418, 459-461, 471, 472, 647, 648, 653,
673
spars eTis ekle sia _ 108, 109, 136 , 680
spars eTis saka Talikoso _ 338
speri _ 364, 365, 657 , 659
stavropoli _ 515, 616 , 664
stalingradi _ 609
staliniris raioni _ 300
stamb oli _ 147 , 469
stara ia-rusa _ 575
surami _ 504
sxalTa _ 310
tao
_ 76, 78 , 82, 129, 138, 142, 184, 255,

269, 287, 300, 346, 348, 361, 362, 367370, 373, 374, 377, 381-385, 409, 410,
412, 425, 433, 548, 559, 596, 693
tao-k larjeTis samefo _ 345
taroni _ 648
taSir-Zoraketis samefo _ 128, 368, 430,
660
taSiri _ 385, 43 0, 459
taSkent i _ 609
tbeTi _ 375
tbeTis eparqia _ 255, 269, 287 , 300
tenedo si (osmaleTis kunZuli) _ 475
tixaris klde _ 412
tolozini _ 664
tonTios cixe _ 658
trapezunti _ 636, 637 , 643, 654, 65 6, 659,
661, 66 2, 664
trape zuntis sae piskoposo _ 635
trapizoni _ 656
trapiz onis imperia _ 428
tridornis eklesia _ 353
trivonia _ 664
truli _ 66, 68, 82, 84 , 161, 346, 365, 386,
387, 6 50, 652-65 5, 688
tuli _ 609
tunisi _ 664
tfilis is eparqia _ 254, 26 8, 285
tfilisis mazra _ 254, 268, 285 , 286
tyetb a-gulgula _ 337
tyibulis raio ni _ 301 , 311
u ngreTi
_ 595
urbnisi _ 85, 95, 97, 9 8, 119, 132, 1 37, 139,
141, 142, 157-159, 161, 162, 167, 193,
233, 238, 255, 269, 286, 300, 311, 336,
363, 364, 378, 405, 461, 604, 673, 694,
698, 706, 708, 709, 71 4-716
urbnisis eparq ia _ 150, 255, 268, 286,
300, 59 5, 596
urbnis is kaTedra _ 588
urbnis isa da ruis is eparqia _ 311
urdo _ 442
urha _ 640
uflis cixe _ 337 , 410
ujarma _ 116, 33 7, 658
f azisi,
fasidi, fasisi _ 110, 146, 354,

361, 642-645, 647, 653, 654, 656, 661,
662, 67 0, 704
fazisi (md.) _ 64 4, 645
farav nis tba _ 113
farcx anayanevi (sof.) _ 501
fasis is kaTed ra _ 659 , 704
fasis is saepis koposo _ 381, 425 , 651
fasis is (fasid is) samitropolito _ 647,
654
fera ra _ 663 -666
finikia _ 684
flore ncia _ 66 3-666
foTi _ 255, 269, 287, 301, 311, 34 3, 555,
560, 575
foTis eparqia _ 311
foTis kaTedra _ 36 0, 653
foTis raioni _ 30 1, 311
foTis saepiskoposo _ 343
forTis saepis koposo _ 343
783
frigia _ 69, 75 , 161, 165 , 675

futieTi _ 504
fSav-xevsureTi _ 285, 301
q alkedonia
_ 65, 66, 69, 74, 79, 89, 94,

136, 165, 341, 342, 371, 372, 386, 392,
404, 451, 490, 640, 641, 653, 683, 687,
700
qareli _ 311
qarelis raioni _ 300, 311
qarTl-kaxeTis ep arqia _ 55 6, 574
qarTl-kaxeTis samefo _ 507
qarTli _ 96, 10 2, 110, 11 2-117, 120 -122,
125, 137, 140, 142, 145-148, 150-152,
157-159, 164, 167, 179, 190, 191, 193,
196, 199, 205-207, 216, 222, 226, 230234, 237, 238, 249, 336-338, 340, 344,
345, 349, 353-357, 359, 362, 363, 366371, 376, 378, 380-382, 388, 389, 401,
405, 408-410, 412, 416, 417, 419, 422,
424, 427, 430-432, 438-440, 445, 452,
459, 460, 461, 463, 467, 469-472, 474,
475, 479, 483, 500, 506, 520, 521, 528,
530-534, 538, 551, 556, 562, 573, 574,
583, 644, 649, 650, 651, 656, 669, 671,
672, 681, 682, 684, 686, 690, 699, 703,
705, 71 0, 715
qarTlis eklesia _ 105, 336, 340, 358,
682, 685
qarTlis eparqia _ 552
qarTlis mTianeTi _ 520, 53 5, 539
qarTlis sakaTa likoso _ 190, 191, 346,
350, 411, 420, 438, 495-497, 424, 659,
666, 672, 684-686, 690 , 691
qarTlis samefo _ 87, 95, 97, 216, 223,
336, 337, 348, 357, 358, 362-366, 380,
459, 461, 468, 469, 520, 640, 647, 648,
657-660, 662, 671, 672, 683, 693
qarTlis sapat riarqo _ 195
qarTlis saxelmwifo _ 361
qaSue Tis taZa ri _ 594 , 606
qedas raioni _ 30 0, 310
qvaTa xevi _ 150 , 238
qvemo iberia (iv eria) _ 110 , 111, 112 , 137,
146, 190, 206, 232, 354-356, 358-362,
365, 366, 404, 410, 507, 641, 666, 670672, 674, 679, 681
qvemo iberiis saarqiep iskoposo _ 232
784
qvemo imereTi _ 2 55, 269, 28 6, 300
qvemo svaneTis raioni _ 301
qvemo qarTli _ 115, 116, 120, 128, 339,
345, 346, 362, 368, 370, 384, 388, 405,
429, 430, 433, 459, 476, 640, 660, 666,
686, 693
qirmani _ 226
qluxoris raioni _ 301
qobule Ti _ 310, 45 9, 672
qobuleTis raio ni _ 300 , 310
qsan-lexuris xe oba _ 254 , 268, 285 , 301
qsani _ 455, 520
qsnis saerisTavo _ 464
quTais-gaenaTis eparqia _ 286, 300, 311,
614
quTaisi _ 136 , 150, 15 2, 239, 2 55, 269, 286,
287, 301, 311, 350, 365, 407, 410, 411,
499, 502, 506, 525, 550, 570, 597, 601,
604-60 6, 615, 65 8, 672
quTaisis gubernia _ 153, 515, 523 -525,
530, 542, 552, 594
quTais is eklesia _ 239
quTais is eparqia _ 150, 239 , 255, 269 , 286,
300, 595, 601, 604
quTaisis kaTed ra _ 588 , 604
quTaisis mazra _ 255, 269 , 286
quTais is raioni _ 301
quTais is saepisk oposo _ 50 5, 506
quTais is seminaria _ 531
qulfa rgis qed i _ 354, 670
quSaa nT goris s amarovani _ 95
R angra
(gangra) _ 67, 69 , 88, 161 , 165

637
Rrtila _ 350, 384-389 , 700
y azax i
_ 249, 596
yazaxis olqi _ 25 5, 268, 28 6, 300
yazbe gis raio ni _ 301 , 311
yandaari _ 226
yaraia zis raioni _ 299
yarajala _ 145
yarsis olqi _ 255, 269, 286, 300, 552,
596
yarsis (karis) sa episkoposo _ 434
yaRzev anis olqi _ 255, 269 , 286, 300 , 596
yvareli _ 310
yvarlis raioni _ 299, 310
yvelis cixe _ 410
yizla ri _ 491 , 492
yizla ris cixe _ 491
yirim i _ 219, 609
yuban-SavizRv ispiri _ 609
yubani (md.) _ 659
Savi
z Rva _ 194, 357, 358 , 362, 638 , 686

Savi zRvis gubernia _ 530
Savi zRvis sana piro _ 635 , 645
Savi zRvispiri _ 651, 655, 657 , 685
SavizRvispireTi _ 366, 638 , 646, 647 , 656,
657, 659, 660-662, 683 , 704
Savi m Ta _ 396-39 8, 401
SavSe Ti _ 142 , 375
SavSe Tis wyali _ 412
Samqori _ 702
SamSadinlo _ 249
Satberd i _ 710
Saqi _ 254, 2 68, 286, 300, 649 , 651
Semax iis mTebi _ 357
Semoqmed i _ 311
Semoq medis eparqia _ 255, 269, 287, 300,
311
Semoqm edis cixe _ 505
Svecia _ 595
Sida k axeTi _ 25 4, 268, 28 6, 299
Sida qarTli _ 255, 268, 286, 300, 339,
377, 459, 520, 522, 598, 660
Sida qarTlis m TianeTi _ 516, 519, 520,
539
Silda _ 463
Sindobis a _ 382
SiomRvimis monasteri _ 150, 438 -440,
513, 703
Sirva ni _ 649 , 651
Sorap ani _ 110, 352, 361, 365, 380, 647,
651, 685
Sorap nis mazra _ 255, 269 , 286
Sua k avkasiis mTianeTi _ 520
SuamdinareTi _ 10 7, 108
SuamTa _ 150
Suaxev is raioni _ 310
Suris cixe _ 469
C eleTi
_ 116, 339
Cerqe zeTi _ 649 , 651
CeCneT-inguSeTi _ 651
CexeTis eklesia _ 104
Coxatauri _ 311
Coxat auris raioni _ 300 , 311
Crdilo kavkasia _ 459, 520 , 596, 609 , 651,
685
Crdilo kavkasiis mTebi _ 519
Cxaris raioni _ 300
Cxorowyu _ 311
Cxoro wyus raio ni _ 301 , 311
785
wilkani _ 238, 28 5, 301, 30 9, 311

wilknis eparqia _ 254, 268 , 285, 301 , 311
winwyaros eparqia _ 254, 268, 285 , 300
wlevis mTa _ 254 , 268
wmida sofias t aZari _ 6 6, 67
wulukiZis raioni _ 301
wunda _ 116
wurwyabis eparqia _ 255, 269, 286 , 300
wuqeTi _ 254, 268, 286 , 300
wyalt ubos raio ni _ 301 , 311
wyalwiTela (md .) _ 255 , 269
wyaro sTavis epa rqia _ 255 , 269, 286 , 300
wyaro sTavis sae piskoposo _ 596
wyneTi _ 285, 300
c ageri
_ 255, 269 , 286, 301 , 311

cageris eparqia _ 150, 255 , 269, 286 , 301,
595
cageris raioni _ 301, 311
cagerisa da svane Tis eparqia _ 311
caiSi _ 310
caiSis eparqia _ 150, 255 , 269, 287 , 301
cimbiri _ 508
cixe-goji _ 115, 362, 363, 365, 366, 658,
683
cixisZiri _ 655
crolis mTa _ 362
curta vi _ 337 , 346
cxakaias raioni _ 301
cxinvali _ 310
cxinva lis raioni _ 310
cxrazm isxevi _ 17 8, 454
cxum-afxazeTis eparqia _ 269, 283, 287,
301, 311, 595, 621
cxum-bediis e parqia _ 256
cxumi _ 256, 269 , 287, 301 , 357, 365 , 597,
655, 65 7, 658
cxumis eparqia _ 256, 269, 287 , 301
cxumis raioni _ 301
w alenjixa
_ 310 , 516
walenjixis eparqia _ 255 , 269, 287 , 301
walenjixis raioni _ 301 , 310
walisyuri _ 453
walka _ 310
walkis eparqia _ 150, 254, 268, 285, 287,
299
walkis raioni _ 29 9, 310
wiTelwyaros raioni _ 300
W aneTi
_ 255, 2 69, 287, 300, 544 , 643

Wari ( fifineTi) _ 463
Werem -qalaqi _ 238
Werem i _ 116, 339
Werem is eparqia _ 254, 268, 286 , 300
WiaTura _ 97, 311
WiaTuris eparqia _ 311
WiaTuris raioni _ 300, 311 , 677
Worox i _ 194, 196
Wulevi _ 141, 18 0, 181, 18 3- 185, 22 1, 222
Wulev is monast eri _ 142 , 180
Wyondid i _ 425
Wyond idis eparq ia _ 150, 255, 269, 283,
287, 301, 311, 595
Wyond idis kaTe dra _ 356 , 588
Wyond idis sae piskoposo taZari _ 647
Wyond idis sayd ari _ 360 , 375
x ada-cx aoti
_ 178 , 179
xalkid onia _ 161 , 345
xanZTa _ 372
xaragauli _ 310
xaraga ulis raioni _ 310
xargisTvali _ 238
xarWa Senis eparqia _ 254 , 268, 286 , 299
xarWiSos ubani _ 254, 268, 286 , 299
xaSuri _ 311
xaSuris raioni _ 300, 311
xevi _ 1 30, 694
xelvaCauris raioni _ 310
xersoni _ 654
xinowmidis eparqia _ 255 , 269, 287 , 300
786
xmelTa SuazRvispireTi _ 638 , 678
xobi _ 311
xobis raioni _ 30 1, 311
xoni _ 311, 344 , 462
xonis eparqia _ 150, 255, 269, 286, 300,
311
xonis kaTedra _ 240
xonis raioni _ 30 1, 311
xonis taZari _ 46 2, 463
xorna buji _ 116 , 339
xorna bujis da s ruliad qiziyis
samit ropolito _ 238
x orna bujis e p arq ia _ 2 5 4 , 2 6 8, 2 86 ,
30 0
xorZene _ 648
xofa _ 596
xofas olqi _ 256 , 269, 287 , 300
xresili _ 505
xulos raioni _ 30 0, 310
saZie blebi Sea dgina Tama r revaziSvilma
xunZaxi _ 463
xunZe Ti _ 672 , 673
xunZe Tis sakaTalikoso _ 685
j avaxeTi
_ 78, 81, 116 , 132, 137, 25 5, 269,

286, 300, 339, 350, 375, 377, 378, 383,
384, 453, 517, 706
javis raioni _ 30 0, 310
jiqeTi _ 361, 39 5, 641
jumaTis eparqia _ 255, 269, 287 , 300
h ailaTi
_ 226
helenoponto _ 643
heraklia _ 123, 66 4, 665
hereTi _ 82, 115 -117, 122, 128, 157, 254,
268, 286, 300, 339, 345-348, 362-364,
374, 427, 433, 640, 693
787
sarCevi
Sesavali
gamokvlevis sagani, problemis Seswavlis mdgomareoba da sakiTxis istoriografia . . . .
saeklesio samarTlis werilobiTi wyaroebis Sesaxeb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
57
n awil i pirvel i
Tavi pirveli
msoflio saeklesio kanonebi, krebulebi da ganmartebani
msoflio saeklesio krebebi da maTi kanonebi . . . . . . . .
adgilobrivi krebebis kanonebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
wmida mamaTa kanonebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
kanonikuri krebulebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
nomokanonebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
kanonTa ganmartebani, aristine, zonara, balsamoni . . . . .
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61
63
67
68
69
71
72
Tavi meore
saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebis pirveli qarTuli Targmanebi . . . . . . . . . .
sakanonmdeblo Zeglebis Targmanebi VI-VII saukuneebSi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
sakanonmdeblo Zeglebis Targmanebi VIII-IX saukuneebSi . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
sakanonmdeblo Zeglebis Targmanebi X-XI saukuneebSi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
wm. fotis nomokanonis, anu didi sjuliskanonis qarTuli Targmani . . . . . .
saeklesio samarTlis Zeglebis Targmanebi XVIII saukunis pirvel naxevarSi
saeklesio samarTlis Zeglebis Targmanebi XX saukunis meore naxevarSi . . .
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74
77
78
80
85
87
91
Tavi mesame
saqarTvelos saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
saqarTvelos saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebi I-V saukuneebSi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebi dvinis krebidan ruis-urbnisis krebamde (VI-XI ss.) .
saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebi ruis-urbnisis krebis Semdeg (XII-XVIII ss.). . . . . .
saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebi qarTuli saxelmwifoebriobis gauqmebis periodebSi
saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebi XVIII saukunis meore naxevarSi . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebi avtokefaliis gauqmebisas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebi avtokefaliis aRdgenis Semdeg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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93
94
127
139
144
148
149
153
n awili meore
saqarTvelos eklesiis sakanonmdeblo krebebi
ruis-urbnisis saeklesio kreba (1103-1104) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
`Zegliswera~ _ ruis-urbnisis krebis kanonebi [sruli teqsti] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
sakanonmdeblo kreba giorgi brwyinvales dros (1335 w.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
`Zeglis dadeba mefeTmefis giorgis mier~ [amokrefili muxlebi] . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
788
Wulevis sakanonmdeblo kreba (1381-1386 ww) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180

`bagrat kurapalatis, beqasa da aRbuRas kanonebi, kanonikuri
samarTali~ [amokrefili muxlebi] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
caiS-bediis Sekreba (1470-1474 ww.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
`mcnebai sasjuloi~ [sruli teqsti] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
biWvinTis saeklesio kreba (1543-1549) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
`samarTali kaTalikozTa~ [sruli teqsti] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
daviT-garejis saeklesio kreba (1702 w.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
`ganCineba~ [sruli teqsti] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
sakanonmdeblo Sekrebani vaxtang VI-is karze (1706-1709 ww.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
`samarTali batonisSvilis vaxtangisa~ [amokrefili muxlebi] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
Tbilisis III saeklesio kreba (1748 w.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
`kanonni~ _ 1748 wlis saeklesio krebisa [sruli teqsti] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
imereTis saeklesio kreba (1759) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
`xeliTwerili~ _ imereTis saeklesio krebisa [nawili aRdgenili teqstisa] . . 241
1762, 1768, 1793 wlis krebaTa dadgenilebani saepiskoposoTa
marTvis Sesaxeb, mcnebani, episkoposTa da mRvdelTa mimarT . . . . . . . . . . . .
a. [dadgenileba saeklesio krebisa saepiskoposoTa marTvis Sesaxeb] . .
b. [mcneba mRudelTaTvis] [1768] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
g. [kanonTa ganweseba codvilTaTvis anton II-is mier] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. .
...
...
...
. .
...
...
...
243
243
245
251
saqarTvelos I saeklesio kreba (9-17.09.1917) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253

`saqarTvelos eklesiis marTva-gamgeoba, debuleba~ [teqsti] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
saqarTvelos II saeklesio kreba (27.06.1920) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
saqarTvelos IV saeklesio kreba (21-27.06.1927) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283
saqarTvelos VIII saeklesio krebis (1937 w.) saxeliT gamocemuli `debuleba~ . . . . 298
saqarTvelos eklesiis XIII gafarToebuli kreba (18-19.09.1995) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308
n awil i mesame
saqarTvelos eklesiis mimdinare krebebi
Tavi pirveli
mimdinare krebebi IV-XVI II saukun eebSi
Sesavali . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
episkoposTa Sekrebani mefe mirianisa da vaxtang
dvinis saeklesio kreba (506 weli) . . . . . . . . .
mcxeTis krebebi (VII s-is dasawyisSi) . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . .
gorgasalis
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dros (IV-V
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ss.) .
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333
335
340
349
789
antioqiis I saeklesio kreba (VIII s-is 50-iani wlebi)
anCis saeklesio kreba (IX s-is 40-iani wlebi) . . . . .
javaxeTis saeklesio kreba (IX s-is 60-iani wlebi) . .
Rrtilas saeklesio kreba (daaxl. 1046 w.) . . . . . . .
antioqiis II saeklesio kreba (1056-1057 ww.) . . . . . .
quTaisis saeklesio kreba (daaxl. 1058 w.) . . . . . . . .
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351
367
375
384
390
407
sigeli bagrat mefisa opizar da mijnaZorel mamebisadmi [teqsti] . . . . . . . . . . . . 411
Tbilisis I saeklesio kreba (1178 w.). `wesi da gangeba mefeT kurTxevisa~ . . . . . . . . . . 413
sigeli giorgi mefisa saqarTvelos eklesiisadmi [teqsti] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 418
Tbilisis II saeklesio kreba (daaxl. 1185 w.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419
saeklesio Sekrebani daviT aRmaSeneblisa da Tamaris karze . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430
anisis Sekreba (1218 w.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434
dawerili etifane kaTalikozisa anel xucesTa

sargos ganwesebis Sesaxeb [sruli teqsti] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437
SiomRvimis saeklesio kreba (XIII s-is 40-iani wlebi) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
438
ganCineba saeklesio krebisa SiomRvimis

Seuvalobis Sesaxeb [sruli teqsti] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 440
mcxeTis saeklesio kreba (1263 w.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
moxseneba saqarTvelos saeklesio krebisa mefisadmi [sruli teqsti] .

Sekreba safaraSi (1453 w.) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
samTavisis saeklesio Sekreba (1459) . . . . . .
svaneTis `saeklesio krebebi~ (XIII-XVIII ss.)
saeklesio Sekrebani vaxtang VI-is, solomon
Teimuraz II-isa da erekle II-is karze . . . . .
mcxeTa-Tbilisis (1755-1756 ww.) kreba . . . . .
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I-is,
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441
. . . . . . . 448
. . . . . 451
. . . . . 454
. . . . . 456
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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
459
465
1755-56 wlis krebebis ganCinebani antonsa zeda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 483
Tbilisis IV kreba (2-8 oqtomberi 1764) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 486
1764 wlis krebis ganCineba zaqariaze [sruli teqsti] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 488
Tavi meore
mimdinare krebebi XIX- XX saukun eebSi
Sesavali . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
saeklesio Sekrebebi e.w. `cerkovni bunti~ avtokefaliis gauqmebis
avtokefaluri moZraobis Casaxva . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
saeklesio krebebi 1905-1916 ww. (cxrameti kreba) . . . . . . . . . . . .
1905 wlis 15 marti; `samRvdeloebis yriloba~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1905 wlis 28-30 maisi; `samRvdeloebis yriloba~ . . . . . . . . . . . .
samegrelos krebebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
wmida ilia marTlis Rvawli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tbilisis (VI) saeklesio Sekreba (1905 w. 12.XII) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`saqarTvelos eklesiisadmi miZRvnili TaTbiri~ (1906 w.) . . . . . . . .
peterburgis TaTbirebi (1906 w.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`samRvdeloebis saeparqio yriloba~ (1907 w.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1907-1916 wlis krebebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1917 wlis avtokefaliis aRmdgeneli krebebi (cxra kreba) . . . . . . .
`TviTgamorkvevis didi aqti~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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dros
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(1819-1820)
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493
495
509
523
525
528
534
550
556
557
561
568
569
572
572
1917 wlis 12 martis mcxeTis krebis oqmi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 573
1917 wlis mimdinare krebebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 574
ruseTis saxelmwifoSi saqarTvelos eklesiis uflebrivi mdgomareobis proeqti . . . . . . . 577
790
ZiriTadi debulebani saqarTvelos eklesiis uflebrivi

mdgomareobisa ruseTis saxelmwifoSi: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 578
ruseTis saxelmwifoSi qarTuli marTlmadidebeli eklesiis
mdgomareobis droebiTi wesebi: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 580
ruseTis saxelmwifoSi qarTuli marTlmadidebeli eklesiis
mdgomareobis wesebi: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 580
Tbilelis kaTedris aRdgena . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
saqarTvelos eklesiis I kreba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
581
584
`Zegliswera wmidisa da RvTivganbrZnobilisa krebisa, romeli Semoikriba

qalaqsa Tfiliss 1917 welsa, seqtembris mervesa dResa~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 585
wmida kirion kaTalikosis mkvlelobis erTi versia . . . . . . . . . . . . .
saeklesio krebebi 1918-1995 wlebSi (ocdasami kreba) . . . . . . . . . . .
saeklesio krebebi saxelmwifoebrivi damoukideblobis wlebSi 1918-1921.
saqarTvelos II saeklesio kreba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
saeklesio krebebi okupaciis wlebSi. saqarTvelos III saeklesio kreba.
wmida ambrosis mimarTva genuis konferencias. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
e.w. quTaisis krebebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ruseTis eklesiis mmarTveli sinodis mier saqarTvelos eklesiis
avtokefaliis aRiareba 1927 wels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .
588
592
. . . . . . . . . . . .
592
. . . . . . . . . . . .
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596
601
. . . . . . . . . . . .
606
606
608
609
611
611
613
615
: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ruseTis eklesiis sinodis mimarTva kaTalikos-patriarq ambrosisadmi . . . . .
aqti saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefalobis cnobisa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
sruliad saqarTvelos eklesiis IV kreba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
sruliad saqarTvelos IV saeklesio krebis deklaracia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

IV saeklesio krebis dadgenileba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
V-VIII saeklesio krebebi da `kaTalikosisTanai sinodis~ arCeva . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ruseTis eklesiis wmida sinodis mier saqarTvelos eklesiis
avtokefaliis aRiareba da liturgikul-kanonikuri aRdgena
1943 wels. X-XI saeklesio krebebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
616
ruseTis uwmidesi sinodis ganCineba saqarTvelos

eklesiasTan urTierTobis aRdgenis Sesaxeb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 617
XII-XIII saeklesio krebebi da konstantinololis sapatriarqos mier
saqarTvelos eklesiis uflebaTa aRiareba 1990 wels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
621
saqarTvelos uwmidesi marTlmadidebeli eklesiis avtokefaliis

cnobisa da mtkicebis sigeli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 622
saqarTvelos uwmidesi eklesiis meTauris sapatriarqo titulis
cnobis da boZebis sapatriarqo sinoduri ganCineba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 625
konstituciuri SeTanxmeba saqarTvelos saxelmwifosa da saqarTvelos
samociqulo avtokefalur marTlmadidebel eklesias Soris . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 627
n awil i meoTxe
msoflio saeklesio krebebi qarTvel episkoposTa monawileobiT
Sesavali . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
saqarTvelos ori episkoposi I msoflio saeklesio krebaze
qarTveli episkoposi II msoflio krebaze (381 w.) . . . . . . .
qarTveli episkoposi III msoflio krebaze (431 w.) . . . . . .
saqarTvelos ori episkoposi IV msoflio krebaze (451 w.) .
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(325 w.)
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633
635
638
640
641
791
erTi cnoba V msoflio krebis (553 w.) muSaobaSi
saqarTvelos episkoposis monawileobis Sesaxeb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
VI msoflio saeklesio krebis (680 w.) mier
saqarTvelos eklesiis uflebaTa aRiareba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
642
649
VI msoflio krebis dadgenileba mTeli marTlmadidebeli kavkasiis

saqarTvelos saeklesio iurisdiqciaSi moqcevis Sesaxeb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 651
691 wlis e.w. `trulis~ msoflio saeklesio krebis
xelis momweri episkoposebi lazikidan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
saqarTvelos episkoposi VII msoflio krebaze (787 w.) . . . . .
qarTveli episkoposebi ferara-florenciis krebaze (1438) . . .
saqarTvelos sapatriarqos adgili msoflio eklesiaTa rigSi,
ucxouri masalebi, teqsti . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
652
656
663
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
665
nawyveti florenciis saeklesio krebis oqmidan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 665

ACTA SACRA OECUMENICI CONCILII FLORENTINI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
665
n awili mexuT e
saqarTvelos eklesiis mmarTveli ierarqia
kaTalikosi . . . . .
patriarqi . . . . . .
qorepiskoposi . . .
mwignobarTuxucesi
moZRvarTmoZRvari
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669
687
692
697
705
zogadi daskvna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
saxelmwifo mmarTvelobis sistema aTabagobis institutis SemoRebamde . . . . .
717
744
mecnierebaTa doqtori, profesori bondo arvelaZe _

mitropolit prof. anania jafariZis `saqarTvelos saeklesio krebebi~
da qarTuli eklesiis istoriis zogierTi sakiTxi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 745
mecnierebaTa doqtori, profesori vaxtang guruli _
mitropolit anania jafariZis `saqarTvelos saeklesio krebebi~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 754
saZiebelebi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
pirTa saZiebeli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
geografiul da saeklesio saxelTa saZiebeli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
756
756
772
792
acxovne ufalo orTave sofelsa Sina am wignis gamomcemelni:

akademikosi
arCi l
frangi Svi li
profesorebi: ivane gorgiZe, zurab gasitaSvili, mamuka macaberiZe,

anzor
Savguli Ze,
batonebi:
boris
guram
javaxaZe,
giTolendia,
giorgi
aleqsandre
jerenaSvili
gri goli Svi li
kompiuteruli uzrunvelyofa T. revaziSvilis

redaqtori k. WabaSvili
gadaeca warmoebas 14.12.2010. xelmowerilia dasabeWdad 16.12.2010. qaRaldis

zoma 60X84 1/8. pirobiTi nabeWdi Tabaxi 49,5.
sagamomcemlo saxli `teqnikuri universiteti~, Tbilisi, kostavas 77

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sa qa rT ve lo s sa ek le si o ka no ne bi s kr eb ul i

samSoblos did mamasa da

uwmidesi da unetaresi, sruliad saqarTvelos

mitropoliti anania jafariZe

mitropoliti anania jafariZe

saqarTvelos eklesiaSi moZRvrebis, mmarTvelobisa da saeklesio sasamarTlos sferoSi

recenzentebi: g. alasania, s. vardosaniZe,

meo r e Se swo r e bul i gamo c ema

damtkicebulia monog rafiad

mitropoliti anania jafariZe, 2010

sagamomcemlo saxli ,,teqnikuri universiteti~

saqarTvelos wmida eklesia warmoadgens erT-erT nawils sayovelTao msoflio

samarTlis istoriisa da, maSasadame, saqarTvelos eklesiis sruli istoriis dawera.

iv. javaxiSv ili,

kanonebic gamosces, meore jgufs ki ganekuTvnebian isini, romelnic ar yofilan

qar Tuli lit. ist oria, I, 1980, gv. 569;

D& W sgby^ Wthrjdyjt Ghfdj^ 19 94^ c& 16$

yofna, romelmac `sintagmisa~ da `eqvsi wignis~ gaanalizeba da Sesabamisi muxlebis

ganxilulia vaxuSti batoniSvilis,

mniSvnelovani saeklesio krebis Sesaxeb cnobas gvaZlevs vaxuSti

iv. javaxiSvili, Txz. VI, 1982, gv. 15;

iqv e, gv. 7-8.

qarTlis cxovreba, t. IV, 1973, gv. 156;

iqve, gv. 824;

i. bagrationi, sjuldeba, 1957, gv. 23-27.

mRvdelni, arqimandritni, episkoposni iyos gamorCeviT dikasteriis wevrTagan.

`kalmasob a~, II, 1948, gv. 28;

daviTi miiCnevs, rom episkoposTa raodenoba unda Semcirdes, radganac maTi

dikasteria Sedgeboda zemoaRniSnuli 4 mRvdelmTavrisagan (1 mitropoliti da

`samarTali baton iSvilis daviTisa~, 1964, 167;

iqv e, gv. 171.

xizanaSvilma daiwyo. Zveli qarTuli samarTlis umniSvnelovanesi sakiTxebisadmi

kreba da miiCnia qarTuli samarTlis

qarTuli samarTlisa da, kerZod, saeklesio samarTlis udidesi mkvlevaria didi

sagangebo yriloba iyo.42 krebis mizani `saeklesio weswyobilebis, samRvdelmsaxuro

II saeklesio kreba, romelsac iv. javaxiSvili ganixilavs, Semdgara 1263 wlis

iqve, gv. 36;

iqv e, gv. 67;

gamokvlevac SeeZlo, Tu ama Tu im sakiTxze ucxo qveynis samarTlis wignebSi ra

masalebi Seagrova da erTi qarTuli saxelmwifo samarTlis wigni `dasturlamali~

k. kekeliZe gamowvlilviT ixilavs aRniSnul mecnierTa argumentebsa da uaryofs

k. kekeliZe, dasax. n aSr., gv. 564;

iqve , gv. 567;

T. Jordania, qro nikebi, II, gv . 294-297.

`moZRvarTmoZRvris~ Sesaxeb. is yovelTvis pirvelad ixsenieba oTx didxarisxovan

1. vaxtang gorgaslamde iberiis eklesia warmoadgenda

2. eparqialuri mRvdelmTavris garda, Zvel iberiaSi cnobili iyo agreTve

p. karbelaSvilis TqmiT, mociqulTa swori wm. bagrati, romelsac eklesia 9

p. karbel aSvili, ierarqia s aqarTv elos

p. karbelaSvili, dasax. naSr., gv. 27;

iqve, gv. 28;

iqve, gv. 29;

iqve, gv. 30;

iqve, gv. 31.

p. karbelaSvili, iseve rogorc Semdeg iv. javaxiSvili, saqarTvelos eklesiis

p. karbelaSvili, dasax. naSr., gv. 32;

iqv e, gv. 27;

iqv e, gv. 33;

iqv e, gv. 37.

saq arTvel os samoTxe, gv.

1531-1549 wlebSi qarTlis kaTalikosis malaqias dros Sedga saeklesio kreba,

qarTuli eklesiis saqmeebSi yeenis garda ereoda, agreTve, osmalos faSa,

iqve , gv. 153;

iqv e, gv. 145;

srul marTlmadideblobaSi da aiyvana ruseTis eklesiisaTvis erT-erT umaRles

iqv e, gv. 161, Se niSvna 1;

iqve , gv. 161;