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Title

Description

RA 6235

The Anti Hijacking Law

It shall be unlawful for any person to compel a change in the

course or destination of an aircraft of Philippine registry, or to
seize or usurp the control thereof, while it is in flight. An aircraft is
in flight from the moment all its external doors are closed
following embarkation until any of such doors is opened for
disembarkation. It shall likewise be unlawful for any person to
compel an aircraft of foreign registry to land in Philippine territory
or to seize or usurp the control thereof while it is within the said
territory.<ref>Republic Act No. 6235, Sec. 1</ref>
Any person violating any provision of the foregoing section shall
be punished by an imprisonment of not less than twelve years but
not more than twenty years, or by a fine of not less than twenty
thousand pesos but not more than forty thousand
pesos.<ref>Republic Act No. 6235, Sec. 1</ref>
The penalty of imprisonment of fifteen years to death, or a fine of
not less than twenty-five thousand pesos but not more than fifty
thousand pesos shall be imposed upon any person committing
such violation under any of the following circumstances:
1. Whenever he has fired upon the pilot, member of the crew or
passenger of the aircraft;
2. Whenever he has exploded or attempted to explode any bomb
or explosive to destroy the aircraft; or
3. Whenever the crime is accompanied by murder, homicide,
serious physical injuries or rape.

PD
No.532

The Anti Piracy and

Anti-Highway
Robbery Law
of 1974

Was issued in August 1974, punishing piracy, but not mutiny,

in Philippine territorial waters.

RA 7438

Rights Of Persons
Arrested,
Detained, Or
Under Custodial
Investigation;
Duties Of Public
Officers

1. Be informed, in a language known to and understood by him, of

his rights to remain silent and to have competent an independent
counsel.
2. Be assisted by counsel at all times. Preferably of his own
choice.
3. Be visited by or have conferences with Any member of his
immediate family.

BP 880

AN ACT
ENSURING
THE FREE
EXERCISE BY
THE PEOPLE
OF THEIR

Permit when required and when not required - A written permit

shall be required for any person or persons to organize and hold a
public assembly in a public place. However, no permit shall be
required if the public assembly shall be done or made in a
freedom park duly established by law or ordinance or in private
property, in which case only the consent of the owner or the one

Not a modification of Article 267 of the Revised Penal Code on

kidnapping and serious illegal detention, but of Articles 306 and
307 on brigandage. This is evident from the fact that the relevant
portion thereof which treats of "highway robbery" invariably uses
this term in the alternative and synonymously with "brigandage",
that is, as "highway robbery/brigandage.

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RIGHT
PEACEABLY TO
ASSEMBLE
AND PETITION
THE
GOVERNMENT
FOR OTHER
PURPOSES

SPECIAL PENAL LAWS: MIDTERM

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entitled to its legal possession is required, or in the campus of a

government-owned and operated educational institution which
shall be subject to the rules and regulations of said educational
institution. Political meetings or rallies held during any election
campaign period as provided for by law are not covered by this
Act.
"Maximum tolerance" means the highest degree of restraint
that the military, police and other peace keeping authorities shall
observe during a public assembly or in the dispersal of the same.
Towards this end, law enforcement agencies shall observe the
following guidelines:
(a)
Members of the law enforcement contingent who deal with
the demonstrators shall be in complete uniform with their
nameplates and units to which they belong displayed prominently
on the front and dorsal parts of their uniform and must observe
the policy of "maximum tolerance" as herein defined;
(b)
The members of the law enforcement contingent shall not
carry any kind of firearms but may be equipped with baton or riot
sticks, shields, crash helmets with visor, gas masks, boots or ankle
high shoes with shin guards;
(c)
Tear gas, smoke grenades, water cannons, or any similar
anti-riot device shall not be used unless the public assembly is
attended by actual violence or serious threats of violence, or
deliberate destruction of property.

RA 10591 Comprehensiv
e Firearms
and
Ammunition
Regulation Act

RA 9372

A comprehensive law regulating the ownership, possession,

carrying, manufacture, dealing in and importation of firearms,
ammunition, or parts thereof, in order to provide legal support to
law enforcement agencies in their campaign against crime, stop
the proliferation of illegal firearms or weapons and the illegal
manufacture of firearms or weapons, ammunition and parts
thereof.

Human
1. The State recognizes that the fight against terrorism requires a
Security Act of comprehensive approach, comprising political, economic,
2007
diplomatic, military, and legal means duly taking into account the
root causes of terrorism without acknowledging these as
justification for terrorist and/or criminal activities. Such measures
shall include conflict management and post-conflict peacebuilding, addressing the roots of conflict by building state capacity
and promoting equitable economic development.[6] This
statement elucidates that the Philippines government has realized
that a strict military approach cannot be adequate solution when
dealing with terrorist groups. In this sense, the Philippines
government has decided to adopt a broader and more
comprehensive approach rather than only applicating a military
approach.
2. Terrorism is the premeditated or threatened use of violence or
force or any other means that deliberately cause harm to persons,

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or of force and other destructive means against property or the

environment, with the intention of creating or sowing a state of
danger, panic, fear, or chaos to the general public or segment
thereof, or of coercing or intimidating the government to do or
refrain from doin an act. [7] The law provides for a clearer
definition of terrorism allowing police and security services a
better understanding of the crimes at stake.[8] This statement can
act as a potential deterrent to future terrorists as they will know
that it is no longer possible to commit an attack and escape with
being charged.
3. Arrest and Detention. Any peace office or a private person may,
without warrant, arrest a person: (a)when, in his presence, the
person to be arrested has committed, is actually committing, or
attempting to commit any of the offense under this Act; or
(b)when any of said offense has in fact been committed and he
has reasonable ground to believe that the person to be arrested
has committed the same. Any person arrested under this Section
may be detained for a period of not more than three(3)days
following his arrest for custodial investigation. [9] In previous laws
related to anti-terrorism, there were many loopholes that
prevented terrorists suspects from being detained.[10] However,
this bill clarifies to Philippines Law Enforcement Agencies to arrest
suspected terrorists without warrant and bestows the authority to
detain suspects for 3 days.
RA 9745

Anti-Torture
Law of 2009

R.A. 9745 prohibits disallows any justification for torture and other
inhuman punishments. It requires the military and police to submit
a monthly report, listing all its detention centers, including
safehouses, to the Commission on Human Rights. Parties that
maintain secret detention centers or fail to include a detention
center in the list provided to the CHR will be penalized. In the
same way, Persons who committed torture or influenced another
individual in committing torture or other cruel, inhuman and
degrading treatment or punishment is criminally liable.
The Anti-Torture law ensures that any form of admission or
confession acquired as a result of torture is inadmissible as
evidence in legal proceedings. It further guarantees institutional
protection for victims in the form of impartial investigation
conducted by the CHR and other government agencies including
the Department of Justice (DOJ), the Public Attorneys Office (PAO),
the Philippine National Police (PNP), the National Bureau of
Investigation and the AFP.
The law also it includes provisions for the protection of
complainants, and witnesses and persons involved in the
prosecution as well as the establishment of a rehabilitation
program for victims.
Penalty
Under the law, the perpetrator is prescribed to a maximum
penalty of life imprisonment. Other penalties range from a
minimum of six months to a maximum of 12 years of
imprisonment depending on the gravity of the offense.

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PROHIBITING AND
PENALIZING
DEFACEMENT,
MUTILATION,
TEARING,
BURNING OR
DESTRUCTION OF
CENTRAL BANK
NOTES AND
COINS.

1. That it shall be unlawful for any person to willfully deface,

mutilate, tear, burn or destroy, in any manner whatsoever,
currency notes and coins issued by the Central Bank of the
Philippines; and

RA 9184

Government
Procurement
Reform Act

The current law on government procurement. This law still

requires public bidding as a preferred mode of award. However, it
allows exceptions to public bidding rule in certain instances,
conditions, or extraordinary circumstances

CA 142

COMMONWEA
LTH ACT NO.
142 (ANTIALIAS LAW),
REGULATING
THE USE OF
ALIASES, WAS
AMENDED BY
REPUBLIC ACT
NO. 6085.

ACT PUNISHABLE:
Using any name different from the one with which a person was
registered at birth in the office of the local civil registry, or with
which he was baptized for the first time, or, in case of an alien,
with which he was registered in the bureau of immigration upon
entry; or such substitute name as may have been authorized by a
competent court.
1. As a pseudonym solely for literary, cinema, television, radio, or
other entertainment purposes, and in athletic events where the
use of pseudonym is a normally accepted practice;
2. When the use of the second name or alias is judicially
authorized and duly recorded in the proper local civil registry;
3. The use of a fictitious name or a different name belonging to a
single person in a single instance without any sign or indication
that the user intends to be known by this name in addition to his
real name from that day forth.

RA 6085

2. That any person who shall violate this Decree shall, upon
conviction, be punished by a fine of not more than twenty
thousand pesos and/or by imprisonment of not more than five
years.

The penalty provided by the Anti-Alias Law for violation of the

terms thereof is imprisonment from one to five years and a fine of
P5,000.00 to P10,000.00.
Any person not legally provided to obtain judicial authority for a
change of name or use of an alias will be liable.
RA 493

Wearing
military
uniforms...

unauthorized manufacture, distribution, sale and use of

military/police uniforms, insignia and badges against people who
are not in the service of the Armed Forces of the Philippines.
Under the 1950 law, a person convicted of violation of these laws
shall be fined not less than P100 and not exceeding P2,000 or by
imprisonment for not less than one month and not exceeding two
years, or both.

Executive Wearing
Order
police
297
uniforms
series of
2000,

regulate the manufacturer, distributor, supplier and seller of police

uniforms, insignia, badges and other accoutrement, and shall be
dealt with administratively by the Philippine National Police.
Any violation of this EO shall result in the immediate closure of the
establishment, plant or office where uniforms and other items are
being manufactured, stored or distributed; the cancellation of its

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business license and permits; the condemnation, seizure and

forfeiture of all paraphernalia used or intended to be used in the
manufacture, on top of fines without prejudice to the filing of
criminal and civil cases.
RA 9165

Comprehensiv
PDEA - is the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency It serves as
e Dangerous
the implementing arm of the Dangerous Drugs Board.
Drugs Act of
What are the unlawful acts defined and punished?
2002
(Section
Importation of Dangerous Drugs and/or Controlled
4)
Precursors and Essential Chemical
(Section
5)

Sale, Trading, Administration, Dispensation, Delivery,

Distribution and Transportation of Dangerous
Drugs and/or
Controlled Precursors and Essential Chemicals

(Section
6)

Maintenance of a Den, Dive or Resort.

(Section
7)

Employees and Visitors of a Den, Dive or Resort

(Section
8)

Manufacture of Dangerous Drugs and/or Controlled

Precursors and
Essential Chemicals

(Section
9)

Illegal Chemical Diversion of Controlled Precursors and

Essential Chemicals.

(Section
10)

Manufacture or Delivery of Equipment, Instrument,

Apparatus,
and Other Paraphernalia for Dangerous Drugs
and/or Controlled
Precursors and Essential Chemicals.

(Section
11)

Possession of Dangerous Drugs

(Section
12)

Possession of Equipment, Instrument, Apparatus and

Other
Paraphernalia for Dangerous Drugs

(Section
13)

Possession of Dangerous Drugs During Parties, Social

Gatherings
or Meetings

(Section
14)

Possession of Equipment, Instrument, Apparatus and

Other
Paraphernalia for Dangerous Drugs During Parties,
Social
Gatherings or Meetings

(Section
15)

Use of Dangerous Drugs

(Section
16)

Cultivation or Culture of Plants Classified as Dangerous

Drugs
or are Sources Thereof.

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(Section
17)

(Section
18)
(Section
19)
PD 1619

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Maintenance and Keeping of Original Records of

Transactions
on Dangerous Drugs and/or Controlled Precursors
and Essential
Chemicals
Unnecessary Prescription of Dangerous Drugs
Unlawful Prescription of Dangerous Drugs

PENALIZING THE USE OR POSSESSION OR THE UNAUTHORIZED SALE TO MINORS OF

VOLATILE SUBSTANCES FOR THE PURPOSE OF INDUCING INTOXICATION OR IN ANY
MANNER CHANGING, DISTORTING OR DISTURBING THE AUDITORY, VISUAL OR MENTAL
PROCESS

RA 9287

An Act
Increasing the
Penalties for
Illegal
Numbers
Games

An illegal numbers game refers to "any form illegal gambling

activity which uses numbers or combinations thereof as factors in
giving out jackpots." Sec. 2 Engaging in any illegal numbers game
is penalized by law.

PD 1602

(Simplifying
and Providing
Stiffer
Penalties for
Violations of
Gambling
Laws)

Under this law, even sports contents like boxing, would be

gambling insofar as those who are betting therein are concerned.
Under the old penal code, if the skill of the player outweighs the
chance or hazard involved in winning the game, the game is not
considered gambling but a sport. It was because of this that
betting in boxing and basketball games proliferated
As a general rule, betting or wagering determines whether a game
is gambling or not. Exceptions: These are games which are
expressly prohibited even without bets. Monte, jueteng or any
form of lottery; dog races; slot machines; these are habit-forming
and addictive to players, bringing about the pernicious effects to
the family and economic life of the players.

PD 449

The
Cockfighting
Law of 1974

Only allows one cockpit per municipality, unless the population

exceeds 100,000 in
which case two cockpits may be established; Cockfights can only
be held in licensed cockpits on Sundays and legal holidays and
local fiestas for not more than three days;

RA 7610

Special
Protection of
Children
Against
Abuse,
Exploitation
and
Discrimination
Act

Obscene Publications and Indecent Shows. - Any person who shall

hire, employ, use, persuade, induce or coerce a child to perform in
obscene exhibitions and indecent shows, whether live or in video,
or model in obscene publications or pornographic materials or to
sell or distribute the said materials shall suffer the penalty of
prision mayor in its medium period.
If the child used as a performer, subject or seller/distributor is
below twelve (12) years of age, the penalty shall be imposed in its
maximum period.
Any ascendant, guardian, or person entrusted in any capacity with
the care of a child who shall cause and/or allow such child to be

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employed or to participate in an obscene play, scene, act, movie

or show or in any other acts covered by this section shall suffer
the penalty of prision mayor in its medium period.
PD 1619

Prohibits giving and acceptance of gifts

by a public officer or to a public officer, even during anniversary,
or
when there is an occasion like Christmas, New Year, or any giftgiving
anniversary. Both giver and receiver are punished. The giving of a
party is also punishable and is not limited to the public officer
only but also to any member of his family.

PD
NO.749

- Givers of bribes and other gifts as well

as accomplices in bribery and violations of the Anti-graft and
Corrupt Practices Act are immune from prosecution under the
following
circumstances:
a. information refers to consummated violations
b. necessity of the information or testimony
c. the information and testimony are not yet in the possession of
the
State
d. information and testimony can be corroborated on its material
points.
e. informant has been previously convicted of a crime involving
moral turpitude

RA NO.
3019

(Anti-Graft
And Corrupt
Practices Act)

- Persons Liable:
1.Any public officer who, by himself or in connivance with
members of
his family, relatives by affinity or consanguinity, business
associates
and subordinates or other persons, amasses, accumulates, or
acquires illgotten wealth through a combination or series of overt or
criminal acts as
described under (I) in the aggregate amount or total value of at
least 50
million pesos, shall be guilty of the crime of plunder (as amended
by RA
7659).
2.Any person who participated with the said public officer in the
commission of plunder.

RA 6713

Code Of
Conflict of interest - arises when a public official or employee
Conduct And
is a member of a board, an officer, or a substantial stockholder
Ethical
of a private corporation or owner or has a substantial interest
Standards For
in a business, and the interest of such corporation or business,
Public
or his rights or duties therein, may be opposed to or affected
Officials And
by
Employees
the faithful performance of official duty.
Divestment - is the transfer of title or disposal of interest in

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property by voluntarily, completely and actually depriving or

dispossessing oneself of his right or title to it in favor of a
person or persons other than his spouse and relatives as
defined
in this Act
RA NO.
7080

(Anti-plunder
Act)

defines plunder as the amassing, accumulation or acquisition by

any public officer by himself or in connivance with members of his
family, relatives by affinity or consanguinity, business associates,
subordinates or other persons of ill-gotten wealth through a
combination of overt or criminal acts in the aggregate or total
amount of at least seventy-five million Philippine pesos.