Heat Treatable Steel

EDELSTAHL WITTEN-KREFELD GMBH
THYROFORT
THYROFORT
Special engineering steels
THYROFORT
THYROFORT
THYROFORT
THYROFORT
Heat-treatable steels
Contents
Page 4 5
General
Page 6 7
Special features
Page 8 9
Steel portraits
Page 10 13
Application examples
Page 14 15
Steel production
Page 16 17
Steel processing
Technical information
Page 18 20
Overview of grades and chemical composition
Page 21 22
Minimum yield points and tensile strength ranges
Material data
Page 24 65
Material data sheets
Page 66 68
Thyrofort The basics
Page 69 70
Heat treatment Schematic representation
Page 71
Sampling according to DIN EN 10083
Page 72 73
Ruling heat treatment diameter
Page 74
Comparison of international standards
Page 75
Hardness comparison table
Page 76
Forms supplied
Page 77
Temperature Comparison
Page 78
List of photos
3
THYROFORT
A tough type through and

Thyrofort,
Wherever machines and their
Heat-treatable steels acquire
components have to withstand
their high yield point, tensile
high dynamic stresses, the use of
strength and fatigue strength
special, high-performance steel
(combined with great toughness!)
grades is essential. If a compo-
by being hardened and tempered
nent breaks, the machine grinds to
at above 450 C but below the
a halt, the entire installation has to
microstructural transformation
be stopped! Choosing the opti-
temperature. The great strength of
mum steel for the respective com-
our Thyrofort steels is their opti-
ponent is of decisive importance
mum adaptation to the respective
for productivity, cost-efficiency
application.
and, above all, for safety. Thyrofort
Optimum full quenching and tem-
is our brand name for high-
pering is guaranteed by choosing
strength heat-treatable steels.
the suitable steel as a function of
Compared to case-hardening
the workpiece cross-section.
steels, these grades have a higher
The extraordinary purity and the
carbon content in the region of
homogeneity of the microstructure
about 0.20 to 0.60%. While case-
ensure consistent mechanical
hardened steels have a hard case
properties, even with large cross-
and a tough core, heat-treated
sections.
steels are characterized by high
Edelstahl Witten-Krefeld is in a
strength all the way from the case
position to supply round billets of
to the core.
up to 750 mm diameter and ma-
These two types of steel are a
chined material of up to 400 mm
perfect match in large gearboxes:
diameter. In this context, the
the gearwheels are made of case-
strength and toughness can be
hardened steel, while heat-treated
specifically adjusted and combined
steel is used for the shafts.
to meet the demands on the respective component.
General
through if you have big things in mind

Thyrofort heat-treatable steels
offer excellent hot formability.
Cold formability and machinability
are dependent on the carbon content and the crystalline structure.
Appropriate alloying and heat
treatment permit adjustment of
the microstructure for optimum
machinability.
The top quality of Thyrofort steels
is achieved through high process
reliability and modern installations
for melting, highly developed secondary metallurgy, vertical continuous casting, remelting, hot
forming and modern test facilities.
Edelstahl Witten-Krefeld is in a
position to offer you a tailor-made
heat-treatable steel for every
application and every component.
Ask our material specialists for
advice.
Thyrofort
extraordinary
designed for
stresses
5
Spot-on analysis
The strength and toughness of
the base material are determined
Thyrofort accura
to precise
by its chemical composition and

the heat treatment it undergoes.
Consequently, the required prop-
steels and nickel-chromium-
erties are already specifically
molybdenum heat-treatable
aimed for when melting the steel.
steels.
The facilities in Witten and

Krefeld enable us to achieve a
Maximum purity
spot-on, reliably reproducible
Extremely high purity is achieved
chemical composition.
by secondary metallurgical treatment, vertical continuous casting,
Specific hardenability
or by remelting. Undesirable non-
By selecting the right alloying ele-
metallic inclusions are virtually
ments, we can specifically adapt
ruled out.
the hardenability of the material

to the geometry of the respective
Highly reliable fine grain
component.
The fine grain of our Thyrofort
The most important alloying ele-
grades is achieved in a highly reli-
ments for heat-treatable steels
able and controllable manner by
are chromium, nickel, molyb-
targeted adjustment of the alu-
denum and vanadium. In addition
minium and nitrogen contents.
High fatigue strength
to unalloyed heat-treatable steels,
No other manufacturer of special
In heat-treatable steels, the differ-
we also offer the following alloyed
steel can beat the high degree of
ent service properties required for
versions: chromium-alloyed heat-
macroscopic and microscopic
the individual components, such
treatable steels, chromium-
purity and the homogeneity of the
as high strength under static and
molybdenum heat-treatable
microstructure of our Thyrofort
dynamic stress, toughness and
steels, chromium-nickel-molybde-
steels.
hardness, are set by way of the
num heat-treatable steels,
chemical composition and a se-
chromium-vanadium heat-treatable
quence of heat treatment opera-
Special features
tely adapted
requirements
The machinability of heat-treated
steels is influenced by the
microstructure, the strength and
the non-metallic inclusions (sulphides, oxides).
Further optimisation of the
machinability can be achieved
through increasing the level of
sulphidic inclusions, by calcium
treatment and by heat treatment,
i.e. by specifically adjusting the
microstructure.
Customised heat treatment

Depending on the envisaged application and processing, we can
supply you with Thyrofort steel
tions. Additional surface harden-
Good machinability
grades in a wide variety of treated
ing by inductive heating increases
The larger the quantity of compo-
conditions, e.g. with reduced
the wear resistance.
nents to be manufactured, the
hardness or within a given
more important it is for the materi-
strength range.
al to have good machinability. This
Detailed technical information on
means the cost-effectiveness of
as-delivered conditions and pro-
series production is already partly
cessing can be found starting on
determined when ordering a spe-
Page 66.
cific steel grade.
Unalloyed
THYROFORT C22E
Unalloyed carbon steel for low-stress automotive and mechanical engineering parts
offering good weldability
THYROFORT C35E
THYROFORT C35R
Unalloyed carbon steel for low-stress automotive and mechanical engineering parts
Weve got far more than

just the average
Unalloyed or alloyed
Unalloyed or alloyed heat-
treatable steels the choice of

material is determined by the nature of the load, the component
geometry and the processing
method.
The unalloyed Thyrofort grades
contain not only manganese, but
also carbon as the main alloying
element. The tensile strength and
yield point rise with increasing
carbon content.
The alloyed steels are characterized by greater hardenability and
better resistance to tempering.
Compared to the unalloyed
grades, they offer better through-
Our partners in the steel trade
Make use of our extensive capa-
hardening, enhanced toughness
offer a wide selection of Thyrofort
bilities and let us act as your
and a higher ratio of yield stress
grades in all standard sizes.
extended workbench.
to tensile strength.
Talk to our specialists about the
Unmachined or machined
individual, tailor-made solution
Rolled or forged
Our strength are steel grades not
you require.
Edelstahl Witten-Krefeld supplies
only in a variety of hot-formed
a wide variety of rolled and forged
products, but also in various pro-
products, from bar steel, universal
cessing stages. Our processing
plate/flat dimensions and semis,
operations range from rough-
all the way to open-die forgings in
machining to bright surfaces with
different heat-treated conditions.
close tolerances, all the way to

ready-to-install components.
Steel portraits
THYROFORT Cf35
Alloyed
Unalloyed carbon steel for low-stress automotive and mechanical engineering parts,
also suitable for surface hardening
THYROFORT C45E
THYROFORT C45R
THYROFORT 46 Cr 2
THYROFORT 46 CrS 2
THYROFORT 34 CrMo 4
THYROFORT 34 CrMoS 4
CrMo-alloyed heat-treatable steel with high
Cr-alloyed heat-treatable steel for low-stress
toughness, for mechanical engineering and
automotive and mechanical engineering
automotive parts, e.g. axle shafts, tyres,
parts, as well as for fastening elements
steering stubs, gas cylinders
THYROFORT 34 Cr 4
THYROFORT 34 CrS 4
THYROFORT 42 CrMo 4
Cr-alloyed heat-treatable steel for automotive
and mechanical engineering parts, e.g. drive,
toughness, for mechanical engineering and
axle and steering components
automotive parts, e.g. spars, connecting
THYROFORT Cf45
rods, gears, pinions and tyres, as well as for
components for low-temperature applications
in stock
THYROFORT 50 CrMo 4
toughness, for automotive parts, e.g. rings,
tyres, liners, shafts, axles, steering components
THYROFORT 30 CrMoV 9
CrMoV-alloyed heat-treatable steel with high
yield point and toughness, for highlystressed parts in general mechanical engineering and for fastening elements, such as
bolt turnbuckles
THYROFORT 36 CrNiMo 4
CrNiMo-alloyed heat-treatable steel for very
highly-stressed parts in general mechanical
engineering, with good toughness and high
strength, e.g. fastening elements, accessories for oil and gas drilling
CrNiMo-alloyed heat-treatable steel for
engineering with large cross-sections and
high toughness requirements in the low-temperature range, e.g. axles, drive components,
fastening elements, shafts
THYROFORT Cf53
Unalloyed carbon steel for low-stress auto-
THYROFORT 37 Cr 4
THYROFORT 37 CrS 4
motive and mechanical engineering parts,
CrNiMo-alloyed heat-treatable steel for
engineering with large cross-sections and
THYROFORT C55E
THYROFORT C55R
uniform toughness requirements over the

cross-section, e.g. pinion and turbine shafts
THYROFORT 41 Cr 4
THYROFORT 41 CrS 4
THYROFORT 36 NiCrMo 16
NiCrMo-alloyed heat-treatable steel for very
THYROFORT C60E
THYROFORT C60R
THYROFORT 51 CrV 4
strength, suitable for air and oil hardening ,
CrV-alloyed heat-treatable steel for fairly
e.g. demolition tools, components for oil and
large, highly wear-resistant parts
gas extraction
engineering with high tensile and impact
for strengths in the region of 700 N/mm2
THYROFORT 28 Mn 6
THYROFORT 25 CrMo 4
Mn-alloyed heat-treatable steel for low-stress
automotive and mechanical engineering
toughness and good welding properties, for
parts with adequate weldability
mechanical engineering and automotive

parts, e.g. axle shafts, steering stubs, turbine
parts, rotor disks
Thyrofort whenever you

to make comp
Nothing can take the place of
crankshafts in shipbuilding, for
safety. Thats why its advisable
injection systems in marine diesel
to use Thyrofort steel grades to
engines, for shafts in locomotive
manufacture components that are
and wagon construction, for
subject to high demands on safe-
crankshafts, connecting rods,
ty and also on production relia-
axles, steering stubs, steering
bility. Crankshafts, for example,
components and wheel hubs in
are exposed to high dynamic
truck construction, for landing-
stresses. If the crankshaft of a
gear and control elements in avia-
Formula 1 engine breaks, thats
tion, for safety couplings and
unfortunate and the race is lost. If
mast suspension units for aerial
the shaft of a ships diesel engine
ropeways, for tools in oil and gas
breaks, thats a disaster and the
exploration, e.g. drive subs, for
ship is incapable of manoeuvring.
turbine shafts in power stations.
Be it extreme short-term loads or
Its also a job for Thyrofort when-
high, constant loads our high-
ever high precision and absolute,
strength Thyrofort steel grades
permanent freedom from distor-
can be exactly adapted to the
tion are required, e.g. in the re-
stresses involved by way of tar-
circulating ball screws and linear
geted alloying, hardening and
guides of machine tools. And the
tempering.
Thyrofort safety experts are

also the ones who guarantee reli-
In other words, the safety ex-
able functioning in the high-tech
perts from Witten-Krefeld are the
field: the turbopumps of the
right choice whenever you cant
Ariane are made of Thyrofort.
afford to make compromises: for
10
Application examples
THYROFORT
cant afford
romises
11
THYROFORT
Thyrofort is also the right choice
when things get rough and tough
in the building industry, too. On
the one hand, the chisels of demolition hammers, or the teeth of
excavators and rippers, need to
have the right strength in order not
to break. On the other hand, they
need to be given long-term wear
resistance by way of appropriate
hardening.
The high resistance to pressure
also makes Thyrofort steel grades
ideally safe materials, e.g. for the
manufacture of steel cylinders for
industrial gases and oxygen, as
well as for pipeline construction.
12
Thyrofort
the
safety experts
from Witten and Krefeld
13
We make our own steel,

recipes
Our own steel production in our
melting (VAR) furnaces is avail-
modern steelworks in Witten is
able in Krefeld for the production
the basis for the purity and homo-
of heat treatable steels involving
geneity of our heat-treatable
particularly stringent demands in
steels. Precisely defined proper-
terms of homogeneity of their
ties are achieved by means of
microstructure and their purity.
Remelting facilities
exact alloying and process speci-
ESR
fications for melting, forming
Electroslag remelting process
and heat treatment. The steels
In the electroslag remelting
are melted in a 130 t electric arc
process (ESR), which works with
furnace.
alternating current, a cast or
The metallurgical precision work
forged, self-consuming electrode
is performed in a downstream
is immersed in a bath of molten
ladle furnace of the same size.
slag, which serves as an electrical
Depending on the steel grade and
resistor.
the dimensions of the end prod-
The material to be remelted drips
uct, the steel melted in this way is
from the end of the electrode
cast in ingots or continuous cast
through the slag and forms the
blooms. Over 50 different mould
new ingot in a water-cooled
formats are available for ingot
mould below. The heat dissipa-
casting, ranging from 600 kg to
tion leads to directional solidifica-
160 t.
tion in the direction of the longi-
tion, and acting as an anti-oxidant
The continuous cast blooms are
tudinal ingot axis.
for the melting bath of the new
manufactured in two strands on a
The remelting slag fulfils several
ingot. In addition, the slag has a
vertical continuous casting ma-
functions in this process. On the
high capacity for absorbing non-
chine in a 475 x 340 mm format.
one hand, it develops the neces-
metallic inclusions, which means
A remelting steelworks with two
sary process heat, while at the
that the remelted material is free
electroslag remelting (ESR) fur-
same time supporting chemical
of coarse inclusions. The im-
naces and two vacuum arc re-
reactions, such as desulphurisa-
provement in the microscopic
14
VAR
Ladle
furnace
Scrap
130 t electric
arc furnace
Ladle tank
degasser
(VD / VOD)
Main production routes

THYSSEN KRUPP STAHL AG
Steel production
using reliable
and the best ingredients
Blooming-slabbing mill
got casting
Products
Machining
Long forging
machines
Finishing
departments,
forging shops
LSX 55
33 MN press
Heat
treatment
facilities
Open-die forgings
as-forged or machined
Forged semis
As-forged
Peeling machines
Finishing
departments,
rolling mills
LSX 25
As-cast ingots / As-continuously-cast bloom material
Forged round billets for

tubemaking
Forged bar steel
Machined tool steel
forged or rolled
As-rolled
Rolled semis
Rolled tube rounds
as-rolled or peeled
uous bloom caster

5 x 340 mm,
2 strands
Untreated
Rolled bar steel

as-rolled or machined
Universal plate and flats
Blooming/billet/large-size
bar rolling mill
Special products
purity is attributable to desulphurisation and the resultant high

degree of sulphidic purity, and
also to a reduction in the size and
Thyrofort
consistent
quantity of oxidic inclusions.
top quality
through
process reliability
15
Thyrofort made
your extended workbench
Vacuum arc remelting process
lowest possible sulphur content
The vacuum arc remelting (VAR)
has to be set prior to remelting, in
process works with cast or
order also to meet the most strin-
forged, self-consuming elec-
gent demands on the degree of
trodes in a vacuum.
sulphidic purity. Moreover, this
Using an electric arc in a vacuum,
process guarantees the lowest
a melting bath is generated in a
possible quantities of dissolved
copper crucible, which acts as
gases in the steel and a homo-
the opposite pole to the remelting
geneous microstructure free of
electrode and is connected to a
segregation.
DC voltage source via current

contacts.
Hot forming and finishing
A new ingot is formed from the
The blooming mill in Witten pro-
liquefied electrode material drop
duces semi-finished products,
by drop in a continuous process.
steel bars and universal plate/flat
In the VAR process, refinement of
dimensions. Two modern finishing
the steel is brought about by the
lines for checking the inner and
reaction of the oxygen dissolved
outer surface condition, as well
in the steel with the carbon in the
as the dimensions and identity,
molten material under the effect
are available for rolled and forged
of the vacuum. This results in the
products and steel bars. The
best possible degree of micro-
forge is equipped with a 33 MN
scopic oxidic purity and freedom
press, a GFM LSX 55 horizontal
from macroscopic inclusions. As
long forging machine and a GFM
no desulphurisation takes place
LSX 25 long forging machine.
during this remelting process, the
16
Steel processing
-to-measure work from

parts. We put extensive consulting know-how and modern machining facilities at the disposal
of our customers.
After straightening, rolled or
forged bar steel and round billets
up to 300 mm diameter for tubemaking can be peeled, pressure
polished and chamfered in
Krefeld and Witten. Rotationally
symmetrical parts with a piece
weight of up to 20 tonnes are
manufactured in Krefeld on conventional and modern CNC lathes
and grinding machines. The key
production fields are shafts, cylinders and rolls for continuous
casting.
Machining
Edelstahl Witten-Krefeld offers
not only an optimum material in
Our
facilities
various forms, but also premachined and ready-to-install
pay off for you
17
Overview of grades and

chemical compositions
Unalloyed steels
Depending on the type and quan-
Boron-alloyed steels
Apart from carbon, unalloyed
tity of the alloying element added,
The development of cheaper
steels contain manganese as the
certain specific properties can be
steels by saving on expensive
main alloying element.
attained. Chromium improves
alloying elements has led to
The steels listed in Tables 1 and 2
hardenability and through-
increasing use of heat-treatable
are given in the order of increas-
hardening by reducing the critical
boron-alloyed steels. The use of
ing carbon content and comply
cooling rate needed for the
these steels for fastening ele-
with European Standard DIN EN
formation of martensite. Nickel
ments is already state-of-the-art
10083, Part 1 Heat-Treatable
also improves through-hardening
today.
Steels (1996 edition) or DIN
and, at the same time, increases
Boron-alloyed steels are already
17212 Steels for Flame and
the absorbed energy per cross-
being used as standard materials
Induction Hardening (August
sectional area at low tempera-
for special solid, heat-treated
1972 edition).
tures. Molybdenum is used in
parts, like excavator teeth, axle
conjunction with other alloying
parts, rotors, etc. Efforts are
Alloyed steels
elements to increase the 0.2 %
being made nationally and inter-
Apart from carbon and manga-
proof stress and tensile strength
nationally to standardize these
nese, alloyed steels contain other
while decreasing the tendency to
heat-treatable steels for general
alloying elements. The most
tempering brittleness.
application. These steels can be
important of these are chromium,
A vanadium content of approx.
supplied on request, provided
nickel, molybdenum and vana-
0.10% improves tempering resis-
that certain minimum order quan-
dium.
tance and reduces sensitivity to
tities are observed.
The steels given in Tables 1 and
overheating during hardening.
Table 1 shows an overview of the
3, in the order of their alloy com-
grades of heat-treatable steels
position, Cr, CrV, Cr Mo,
dealt with in this catalogue, while
Cr Mo V, Cr Ni Mo, Ni-Cr-Mo,
Tables 2 and 3 provide an over-
correspond to European Standard
view of the chemical composi-
DIN EN 10083, Part 1, or DIN
tions.
17201 - Forgings and Forged

Bars of Heat-Treatable Steels.
18
Overview of grades, Table 1

Grades
Material No.
Code name acc.

to EN 10083
Standardized in
Page 24 25
Thyrofort C 22 E
1.1151
C22E
DIN EN 10083 / DIN E 17201
Page 26 27
Thyrofort C 35 E
1.1181
C35E
DIN EN 10083 / DIN E 17201
1.1180
C35R
DIN EN 10083
Thyrofort Cf 35
1.1183
DIN 17212
DIN EN 10083 / DIN E 17201
Thyrofort C 45 E
1.1191
C45E
Thyrofort C 45 R
1.1201
C45R
DIN EN 10083
Thyrofort Cf 45
1.1193
DIN 17212
Page 30 31
Thyrofort Cf 53
1.1213
DIN 17212
Page 32 33
Thyrofort C 55 E
1.1203
C55E
DIN EN 10083 / DIN E 17201
Thyrofort C 55 R
1.1209
C55R
DIN EN 10083 / DIN E 17201
Thyrofort C 60 E
1.1221
C60E
DIN EN 10083 / DIN E 17201
Thyrofort C 60 R
1.1223
C60R
DIN EN 10083
Page 36 37
Thyrofort 28 Mn 6
1.1170
28Mn6
DIN EN 10083 / DIN E 17201
Page 38 39
Thyrofort 46 Cr 2
1.7006
46Cr2
DIN EN 10083
Thyrofort 46 CrS 2
1.7025
46CrS2
DIN EN 10083
Page 34 35
Page 40 41
Page 42 43
1.7033
34Cr4
DIN EN 10083
1.7037
34CrS4
DIN EN 10083
Thyrofort 37 Cr 4
1.7034
37Cr4
DIN EN 10083
Thyrofort 37 CrS 4
1.7038
37CrS4
DIN EN 10083
Thyrofort 41 Cr 4
1.7035
41Cr4
DIN EN 10083
Thyrofort 41 CrS 4
1.7039
41CrS4
DIN EN 10083
Page 46 47
Thyrofort 51 CrV 4
1.8159
51CrV4
DIN EN 10083
Page 48 49
Thyrofort 25 CrMo 4
1.7218
25CrMo4
DIN EN 10083 / DIN E 17201
Thyrofort 25 CrMoS 4
1.7213
25CrMoS4
DIN EN 10083
Thyrofort 34 CrMo 4
1.7220
34CrMo4
DIN EN 10083 / DIN E 17201
1.7226
34CrMoS4
DIN EN 10083
Thyrofort 42 CrMo 4
1.7225
42CrMo4
DIN EN 10083 / DIN E 17201
1.7227
42CrMoS4
DIN EN 10083
Page 54 55
Thyrofort 50 CrMo 4
1.7228
50CrMo4
DIN EN 10083 / DIN E 17201
Page 56 57
Thyrofort 30 CrMoV 9
1.7707
DIN E 17201
Page 58 59
Thyrofort 36 CrNiMo 4
1.6511
36CrNiMo4
DIN EN 10083
Page 60 61
1.6582
34CrNiMo6
DIN EN 10083 / DIN E 17201
Page 62 63
1.6580
30CrNiMo8
DIN EN 10083 / DIN E 17201
Page 64 65
Thyrofort 36 NiCrMo 16
1.6773
36NiCrMo16
DIN EN 10083
Page 50 51
Page 52 53
Alloyed steels
Page 44 45
Thyrofort 34 Cr 4
Thyrofort 34 CrS 4
Unalloyed steels
Page 28 29
Thyrofort C 35 R
19
Table 2: Unalloyed steels - Steel grades and chemical composition (ladle analysis)
Steel grade
Code
name
To DIN 17212
Chemical composition to DIN EN 10083, except1 (% by weight)

DIN EN
10083
Material No.
Si
Mn
P max.
Thyrofort C 22 E
C22E
1.1151
0.17 0.24
max. 0.40
0.400.70
0.035
max. 0.035
Thyrofort C 35 E
C35E
1.1181
Thyrofort C 35 R
C35R
1.1180
1.1183
Thyrofort Cf 351
Thyrofort C 45 E
C45E
1.1191
Thyrofort C 45 R
C45R
1.1201
0.32 0.39
max. 0.40
0.500.80
0.035
0.33 0.39
0.15 0.35
0.50 0.80
0.025
0.42 0.50
max. 0.40
0.50 0.80
0.035
max. 0.035
0.020 0.040
max. 0.035
max. 0.035
0.020 0.040
Cr
Mo
Ni
Cr+Mo+
Ni max.
max. 0.40 max. 0.10 max. 0.40
0.63
max. 0.40 max. 0.10 max. 0.40
0.63
max. 0.40 max. 0.10 max. 0.40
0.63
Thyrofort Cf 451
1.1193
0.43 0.49
0.15 0.35
0.50 0.80
0.025
max. 0.035
Thyrofort Cf 531
1.1213
0.50 0.57
0.15 0.35
0.40 0.70
0.025
max. 0.035
Thyrofort C 55 E
C55E
1.1203
Thyrofort C 55 R
C55R
1.1209
Thyrofort C 60 E
C60E
1.1221
Thyrofort C 60 R
C60R
1.1223
Thyrofort 28 Mn 6
28Mn6
1.1170
0.52 0.60
0.40
0.60 0.90
0.035
0.57 0.65
0.40
0.60 0.90
0.035
0.25 0.32
0.40
1.30 1.65
0.035
max. 0.035
0.020 0.040
max. 0.035
0.020 0.040
max. 0.035
max. 0.40 max. 0.10 max. 0.40
0.63
max. 0.40 max. 0.10 max. 0.40
0.63
max. 0.40 max. 0.10 max. 0.40
0.63
Table 3: Alloyed steels - Steel grades and chemical composition (ladle analysis)
Steel grade
To DIN E 17201
Chemical composition to DIN EN 10083, except1 (% by weight)
Code
name
DIN EN
10083
Material no.
Thyrofort 46 Cr 2
46Cr2
1.7006
Thyrofort 46 CrS 2
46CrS2
1.7025
Thyrofort 34 Cr 4
34Cr4
1.7033
Thyrofort 34 CrS 4
34CrS4
1.7037
Thyrofort 37 Cr 4
37Cr4
1.7034
Thyrofort 37 CrS 4
37CrS4
1.7038
Thyrofort 41 Cr 4
41Cr4
1.7035
Thyrofort 41 CrS 4
41CrS4
1.7039
Thyrofort 51 CrV 4
Si
Mn
P max.
0.42 0.50
0.40 0.50 0.80 0.035
0.30 0.37
0.40 0.60 0.90 0.035
0.34 0.41
0.40 0.60 0.90 0.035
0.38 0.45
0.40 0.60 0.90 0.035
51CrV4
1.8159 0.47 0.55
0.40 0.70 1.10 0.035
Thyrofort 25 CrMo 4
25CrMo4
1.7218
25CrMoS4
1.7213
Thyrofort 34 CrMo 4
34CrMo4
1.7220
34CrMoS4
1.7226
Thyrofort 42 CrMo 4
42CrMo4
1.7225
Thyrofort 50 CrMo 4
0.22 0.29
0.40 0.60 0.90 0.035
0.30 0.37
0.40 0.60 0.90 0.035
42CrMoS4
1.7227
0.38 0.45
0.40 0.60 0.90 0.035
50CrMo4
1.7228 0.46 0.54
0.40 0.50 0.80 0.035
Cr
Mo
Ni
0.40 0.60
0.90 1.20
0.90 1.20
0.90 1.20
max. 0.035 0.90 1.20
0.90 1.20 0.15 0.30
0.90 1.20 0.15 0.30
0.90 1.20 0.15 0.30
max. 0.035 0.90 1.20 0.15 0.30
< 0.60
0.10 0.20
max. 0.035
0.020 0.040
max. 0.035
0.020 0.040
max. 0.035
0.020 0.040
max. 0.035
0.020 0.040
max. 0.035
0.020 0.040
max. 0.035
0.020 0.040
max. 0.035
0.020 0.040
2.30 2.70 0.15 0.25
1.7707 0.26 0.34
0.40 0.40 0.70 0.035
36CrNiMo4
1.6511 0.32 0.40
0.40 0.50 0.80 0.035
max. 0.035 0.90 1.20 0.15 0.30 0.90 1.20
34CrNiMo6
1.6582 0.30 0.38
0.40 0.50 0.80 0.035
max. 0.035 1.30 1.70 0.15 0.30 1.30 1.70
30CrNiMo8
1.6580 0.26 0.34
0.40 0.30 0.60 0.035
max. 0.035 1.80 2.20 0.30 0.50 1.80 2.20
1.6773 0.32 0.39
0.40 0.30 0.60 0.030
max. 0.025 1.60 2.00 0.25 0.45 3.60 4.10
Thyrofort 36 CrNiMo16 36CrNiMo16
20
0.035
600
400
30CrNiMo8
34CrNiMo6
36 NiCrMo 16
For a ruling heat treatment diameter of

d 16 mm
42CrMo4; 50CrMo4
51CrV4; 36CrNiMo4
tempered condition for the heat
41Cr4; 34CrMo4
strength ranges in hardened and
37Cr4
46Cr2
200
34Cr4; 25CrMo4
stress values and the tensile
800
28Mn6
shows the minimum 0.2% proof
1000
C60
The following overview (Figs. 1a-h)
1200
C55E
point or tensile strength.
1400
C45E
by the required minimum yield
1600
C35E
treatable steel is often determined
N/mm2
C22E
The choice of a suitable heat-
Minimum 0.2% proof stress and tensile strenth range
Overview of minimum 0.2 % proof

stresses and tensile strength ranges
a)
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
N/mm2
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
30CrMoV9;
30CrNiMo8
36NiCrMo16
34CrNiMo6
42CrMo4
41Cr4
36NiCrMo4; 51CrV4;
50CrMo4
For a ruling heat treatment diameter of 40 mm < d 100 mm
34CrMo4
37Cr4
34CrMo4
C60E
25CrMo4
28Mn6
C55E
46Cr2
C45E
C35E
200
C22E
30CrMoV9
b)
Figs. 1a - h :
Overview of minimum 0.2% proof stress
and tensile strength ranges of EWK heattreatable steels in quenched and tempered
condition for various diameter ranges
30CrNiMo8
34CrNiMo6
36NiCrMo16
36CrNiMo4
50CrMo4
42CrMo4
41Cr4
34CrMo4
37Cr4
25CrMo4
34Cr4
46Cr2
C60E
C55E
28Mn6
0
C45E
described in Fig. 10 (page 71).
N/mm2
C35E
are valid for the sample positions
C22E
in DIN EN 10083. These figures
treatment diameters standardized
c)
21
22

250 mm < d 500 mm
30CrMoV9
N/mm2
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
Minimum 0.2% proof stress and tensile strenth
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
d)
e)
400
f)
0
30CrNiMo8
34CrNiMo6
50CrMo4
42CrMo4
30CrNiMo8
1400
Minimum 0.2% proof stress and tensile strenth
30CrMoV9;
36NiCrMo16;
30CrNiMo8
34CrNiMo6
50CrMo4; 51CrV4
36CrNiMo4
42CrMo4
34CrMo4
25CrMo4
C60E
C55E
28Mn6
C45E
C35E
C22E
1600
34CrNiMo6
36NiCrMo16
30CrMoV9;
30CrNiMo8
51CrV4;
34CrNiMo6
50CrMo4
30CrNiMo8
42CrMo4
34CrMo4
25CrMo4
C60E
28Mn6
C55E
C45E
36CrNiMo4
For a ruling heat treatment diameter

of 160 mm < d 250 mm
34CrNiMo6;
50CrMo4
42CrMo4
34CrMo4
25CrMo4
C60E
28Mn6
C55E
C45E
C35E
C22E
C35E
C22E

N/mm2
N/mm2
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200

500 mm < d 750 mm

750 mm < d 1000 mm
N/mm2
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
200
Minimum 0.2% proof stress

Mindeststreckgrenze
Tensile strength range

Zugfestigkeitsbereich
g)
N/mm2
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
h)
THYROFORT
THYROFORT
THYROFORT
THYROFORT
THYROFORT
THYROFORT
EdelstahlWitten-Krefeld
Witten-Krefeld
Edelstahl

heat-treatable
steel,the
the
heat-treatable steel,
wayyou
youneed
needit.it.
way
Whereveryou
youmay
maybe.
be.
Wherever
23
THYROFORT C 22 E
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
1.1151
C22E
Chemical
composition
Typical analysis in %
Si
Mn
Cr
Mo
Ni
Cr+Mo+Ni
0.17 0.24
0.40
0.40 0.70
0.035
0.035
0.40
0.10
0.40
0.63
Mechanical properties
in different
treatment conditions
To DIN E 17201
Normalised N
Quenched and tempered Q + T
Heat treatment
diameter
in mm
0.2% proof
stress
(Rp 0.2) min.
N/mm2
Tensile strength
in N/mm2
Rm
min.
Elongation at
fracture in %
A
min.
0.2% proof
stress
(Rp 0.2) min.
N/mm2
Tensile strength
in N/mm2
Rm
min.
Elongation at
fracture in %
A
min.
Reduction of
area at fracture
in % Z
min.
Notch impact
energy (ISO-V)
in J KV
min.
16
> 16 40
> 40 100
240
210
210
430
410
410
24
25
25
340
290
500 650
470 620
20
22
50
50
50
50
> 40 100
>100 160
>160 250
>250 500
>500 1000
230
220
210
200
27
26
25
24
260
220
220
210
450
410
410
410
24
26
26
25
45
40
40
35
410
410
410
410
530
530
530
530
600
540
540
540
Heat treatment
Temperatures in C
24
Normalising
Hardening
Quenching medium
Tempering
880 920
860 900
Water
550 660
Typical values for

30 mm diameter
1000
100
800
80
600
Rm
60
400
Z
40
200
Rp 0,2
A
20
0
450
550
650
o
Anlasstemperatur
Tempering
temperatureCin C
0
Bruchdehnung
und Brucheinschnrung
Elongation at Afracture
A and reduction Zofin %
area at fracture Z in %
p 0,2
2
0.2%Streckgrenze
proof stress RRp0.2und
andZugfestigkeit
tensile strength
m in 2N/mm
R inRN/mm
THYROFORT C 22 E
Tempering diagram
1400
1200
25
THYROFORT C 35 E / C 35 R / Cf 35
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
1.1181
C35E
1.1180
C35R
1.1183
Cf35*
*To DIN 17212
Chemical
composition
To DIN 17212
C35E
C35R
Cf35
Si
Mn
Cr
Mo
Ni
Cr+Mo+Ni
0.32 0.39
0.32 0.39
0.40
0.40
0.50 0.80
0.50 0.80
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.0200.040
0.40
0.40
0.10
0.10
0.40
0.40
0.63
0.63
0.33 0.39 0.15 0.35 0.50 0.80
0.025
0.035
in different
To DIN E 17201 (Ck35)
Normalised N
Heat treatment
diameter
in mm
0.2% proof
stress
(Rp 0.2) min.
N/mm2
Tensile strength
in N/mm2
Rm
min.
Elongation at
fracture in %
A
min.
0.2% proof
stress
(Rp 0.2) min.
N/mm2
Tensile strength
in N/mm2
Rm
min.
Elongation at
fracture in %
A
min.
Reduction of
area at fracture
in % Z
min.
Notch impact
energy (ISO-V)
in J KV
min.
16
> 16 40
> 40 100
>100 160
>160 250
300
270
270
245
245
550
520
520
500
500
18
19
19
19
19
430
380
320
630 780
600 750
550 700
17
19
20
40
45
50
35
35
35
>100 160
>160 250
>250 500
>500 1000
240
490 610
20
290
290
270
490 640
490 640
490 640
22
22
21
31
31
25
Heat treatment
Quenching
temperature in the
end-quench test
Normalising
Hardening
Quenching medium
Tempering
870
860 900
840 880
Water or oil
550 660
Temperatures in C
Hardenability in the
end-quench test
Distance from quenched end in mm
Hardness in HRC
max.
min.
26
10
11
13
15
20
25
58
48
57
40
55
33
53
24
49
22
41
20
34
31
28
27
26
25
24
23
20
1400
1200
100
1000
800
80
Rm
600
60
400
40
Rp 0,2
200
20
A
0
450
550
650
o
Anlasstemperatur
Tempering
temperatureCin C
Hardenability diagram
Bruchdehnung
A und Brucheinschnrung
Z in %
Elongation at fracture
A and reduction of
Typical values for

60 mm diameter
2
0.2% proof
stress RRp0.2 und
and Zugfestigkeit
tensile strength
in N/mm
2
Streckgrenze
Rm inRm
N/mm
p 0,2
Tempering diagram
70
65
60
55
Hardness
HrteininHRC
HRC
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
Distance
from quenched
end ininmm
Abstand von der
abgeschreckten
Stirnflche
mm
Time-temperaturetransformation diagram
for continuous cooling
1200
1100
1000
oC
Temperature
TemperaturininC
900
800
AC3
700
F 40
600
A
15 30 40
60
5 8 6070 60
60
35
45
50
45
55 55 P 50
AC1
500
400
MS
30 40
45 30
20
300
M
200
100
322
Hrtewerte
Hardness
HV 10
0
100
Zeit
Timeinins s
267
236
294
205
294
101
196
236
253
201
236
102
100
Zeit
Timeininmin
min.
103
101
104
102
100
Zeit
Timeininhh
105
106
103
101
104
102
27
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
1.1191
C45E
1.1201
C45R
1.1193
Cf45*
*To DIN 17212
Chemical
composition
To DIN 17212
C45E
C45R
Cf45
Si
Mn
Cr
Mo
Ni
Cr+Mo+Ni
0.42 0.50
0.42 0.50
0.40
0.40
0.50 0.80
0.50 0.80
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.0200.040
0.40
0.40
0.10
0.10
0.40
0.40
0.63
0.63
0.43 0.49 0.15 0.35 0.50 0.80
0.025
0.035
0.40
in different
To DIN E 17201 (Ck45)
Hardness in different
Normalised N
Heat treatment
diameter
in mm
0.2% proof
stress
(Rp 0.2) min.
N/mm2
Tensile strength
in N/mm2
Rm
min.
Elongation at
fracture in %
A
min.
0.2% proof
stress
(Rp 0.2) min.
N/mm2
Tensile strength
in N/mm2
Rm
min.
Elongation at
fracture in %
A
min.
Reduction of
area at fracture
in % Z
min.
Notch impact
energy (ISO-V)
in J KV
min.
16
> 16 40
> 40 100
>100 160
>160 250
340
305
305
275
275
620
580
580
560
560
14
16
16
16
16
490
430
370
700 850
650 800
630 780
14
16
17
35
40
45
25
25
25
>100 160
>160 250
>250 500
>500 1000
300
290
590 720
590 720
15
15
340
340
320
590 740
590 740
590 740
18
18
17
22
22
20
Treated for
shearing S
HB
Soft annealed
A
HB
max. 255
max. 207
Heat treatment
Temperatures in C
Quenching
temperature in the
end-quench test
Normalising
Hardening
Quenching medium
Tempering
850
840 880
820 860
Water or oil
550 660
end-quench test
Hardness in HRC
max.
min.
28
1.5
11
13
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
62
55
61
37
57
28
44
26
34
24
32
22
31
21
30
20
29
28
27
1400
1200
100
1000
R
80
800
600
60
Rp 0,2
400
40
Z
200
20
A
450
550
650
oC
Anlasstemperatur
Tempering
temperature
in C
Bruchdehnung A und Brucheinschnrung Z in %

Elongation at fracture A and reduction of
Typical values for

60 mm diameter
2
0.2% proof
stress RRp0.2 und
and Zugfestigkeit
tensile strength
Rm
in N/mm
2
Streckgrenze
Rm in
N/mm
p 0,2
Tempering diagram
70
65
60
55
Hrte
HRC
Hardness
in in
HRC
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
Abstand von der

abgeschreckten
Stirnflche
mm
Distance
from quenched
end ininmm
1200
1100
1000
Temperature
in in
CoC
Temperatur
900
800
AC3
700
A
15
45
600
35
30
75
70
65
40
60
AC1
45
55
500
60
80
400
B
MS
300
30
5
200
100
Hrtewerte
Hardness
HV
0
100
Zeit ininss
Time
254
101
220 216
244 135 223
102
100
Zeit in min
Time in min.
210
103
101
104
102
100
Zeit in h
Time in h
105
106
103
101
104
102
29
THYROFORT Cf 53
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
1.1213
Cf53*
*To DIN 17212
Chemical
composition
Si
Mn
0.50 0.57 0.15 0.35 0.40 0.70
in different
0.025
0.035
Normalised N
Heat treatment
diameter
in mm
0.2% proof
stress
(Rp 0.2) min.
N/mm2
Tensile strength
in N/mm2
Rm
min.
Elongation at
fracture in %
A
min.
0.2% proof
stress
(Rp 0.2) min.
N/mm2
Tensile strength
in N/mm2
Rm
min.
Elongation at
fracture in %
A
min.
Reduction of
area at fracture
in % Z
min.
Notch impact
energy (ISO-V)
in J KV
min.
16
> 16 40
> 40 100
340
340
610 760
610 760
16
16
510
430
400
740 880
690 830
640 780
12
14
15
25
35
40
Heat treatment
Temperatures in C
30
Normalising
Hardening
Quenching medium
Tempering
830 860
805 845
Water or oil
550 660
THYROFORT Cf 53
1200
1100
1000
Temperature
in in
CoC
Temperatur
900
AC3
800
10
700
600
500
400
96 95 90
1
3
20
25
30
35
35
30
A
1
15
95
80
70
75
65
65
70
AC1
97
98
MS
300
M
200
100
0
Hardness
Hrtewerte
772 772 322 264 245 236 228 213 206 193
HV 10
100
Zeit
Timeinins s
101
102
100
Zeit ininmin
Time
min.
187 187 176
103
101
170
104
102
100
Zeit ininhh
Time
105
106
103
101
104
102
31
THYROFORT C 55 E / C 55 R
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
1.1203
C55E
1.1209
C55R
Chemical
composition
C55E
C55R
Si
Mn
Cr
Mo
Ni
Cr+Mo+Ni
0.52 0.60
0.52 0.60
0.40
0.40
0.60 0.90
0.60 0.90
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.0200.040
0.40
0.40
0.10
0.10
0.40
0.40
0.63
0.63
in different
To DIN E 17201 (Ck53)
Normalised N
Heat treatment
diameter
in mm
0.2% proof
stress
(Rp 0.2) min.
N/mm2
Tensile strength
in N/mm2
Rm
min.
Elongation at
fracture in %
A
min.
0.2% proof
stress
(Rp 0.2) min.
N/mm2
Tensile strength
in N/mm2
Rm
min.
Elongation at
fracture in %
A
min.
Reduction of
area at fracture
in % Z
min.
Notch impact
energy (ISO-V)
in J KV
min.
16
> 16 40
> 40 100
>100 160
>160 250
370
330
330
300
300
680
640
640
620
620
11
12
12
12
12
550
490
420
800 950
750 900
700 850
12
14
15
30
35
40
>100 160
>160 250
>250 500
>500 1000
320
300
640 800
640 800
15
14
390
360
330
660 810
630 780
630 780
16
17
16
Treated for
shearing S
HB
Soft annealed
A
HB
max. 255
max. 229
Quenching
temperature in the
end-quench test
Normalising
Hardening
Quenching medium
Tempering
830
825 865
805 845
Oil or water
550 660
Heat treatment
Temperatures in C
end-quench test
Hardness in HRC
max.
min.
32
1.5
11
13
15
20
25
30
65
58
64
55
60
33
52
31
37
29
35
27
34
26
33
25
32
24
30
22
29
20
Tempering diagram
1200
100
1000
Rm
80
800
600
60
Rp 0,2
400
40
200
20
A
450
550
650
oC
Anlasstemperatur
Tempering temperature in C
Bruchdehnung
und Brucheinschnrung
Elongation at A
fracture
A and reduction Zofin %
Typical values for

60 mm diameter
2
0.2% proof stress Rp0.2 and tensile strength Rm in N/mm
Streckgrenze Rp 0,2 und Zugfestigkeit Rm in N/mm2
1400
70
65
60
55
Hardness
in in
HRC
Hrte
HRC
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
Abstand von der

abgeschreckten
Stirnflche
mm
Distance
from quenched
end ininmm
1200
1100
1000
oC
Temperatur in
in C
Temperature
900
800
700
600
500
400
1
3
4 5
97
10
90
96 95
25
20
15
85
80
30
75
70
35
35
30
AC1
65P
65
70
AC3
98
MS
300
M
200
100
0
Hardness
Hrtewerte
HV 10
100
Zeit
in in
s s
Time
772 772 322 264
101
245 236 228 213 206 193
102
100
Zeit in min
Time in min.
187 187 176
103
101
170
104
102
100
Zeit in h
Time in h
105
106
103
101
104
102
33
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
1.1221
C60E
1.1223
C60R
Chemical
composition
C60E
C60R
Si
Mn
Cr
Mo
Ni
Cr+Mo+Ni
0.57 0.65
0.57 0.65
0.40
0.40
0.60 0.90
0.60 0.90
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.0200.040
0.40
0.40
0.10
0.10
0.40
0.40
0.63
0.63
in different
To DIN E 17201
Normalised N
Heat treatment
diameter
in mm
0.2% proof
stress
(Rp 0.2) min.
N/mm2
Tensile strength
in N/mm2
Rm
min.
Elongation at
fracture in %
A
min.
0.2% proof
stress
(Rp 0.2) min.
N/mm2
Tensile strength
in N/mm2
Rm
min.
Elongation at
fracture in %
A
min.
Reduction of
area at fracture
in % Z
min.
Notch impact
energy (ISO-V)
in J KV
min.
16
> 16 40
> 40 100
>100 160
>160 250
380
340
340
310
310
710
670
670
650
650
10
11
11
11
11
580
520
450
850 1000
800 950
750 900
11
13
14
25
30
35
>100 160
>160 250
>250 500
>500 1000
340
330
680 860
680 860
13
12
390
390
350
690 840
690 840
690 840
15
15
14
Treated for
shearing S
HB
Soft annealed
A
HB
max. 255
max. 241
Quenching
temperature in the
end-quench test
Normalising
Hardening
Quenching medium
Tempering
830
820 860
800 840
Oil or water
550 660
Heat treatment
Temperatures in C
end-quench test
Hardness in HRC
max.
min.
34
1.5
11
13
15
20
25
30
67
60
65
50
62
35
54
32
39
30
36
28
35
27
34
26
33
25
31
23
30
21
1400
1200
1000
100
Rm
80
800
Rp 0,2
600
60
400
40
Z
200
20
A
450
550
650
oC
Anlasstemperatur
Tempering
temperature
in C

Typical values for

60 mm diameter
2
0.2% proof stress Rp0.2 and tensile strength Rm in N/mm
Streckgrenze Rp 0,2 und Zugfestigkeit Rm in N/mm2
Tempering diagram
70
65
60
55
Hrte
HRC
Hardness
in in
HRC
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
Abstand von der

abgeschreckten
Stirnflche
mm
Distance
from quenched
end ininmm
1200
1100
1000
o
Temperatur
TemperatureininCC
900
800
AC3
F
700
600
P
500
AC1
75
90
88
85
20
400
MS
300
93
95
25
15
7 10 12
200
Hardness
Hrtewerte
100
HV 10
227
242
528
269
247
229
187
787
100
Zeit
Timeinins s
101
102
100
Zeit in min
Time in min.
103
104
101
102
100
Time in h
105
106
103
101
104
102
35
THYROFORT 28 Mn 6
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
1.1170
28Mn6
Chemical
composition
Si
Mn
Cr
Mo
Ni
Cr+Mo+Ni
0.25 0.32
0.40
1.30 1.65
0.035
0.035
0.40
0.10
0.40
0.63
in different
To DIN E 17201
Heat treatment
Normalised N
Heat treatment
diameter
in mm
0.2% proof
stress
(Rp 0.2) min.
N/mm2
Tensile strength
in N/mm2
Rm
min.
Elongation at
fracture in %
A
min.
0.2% proof
stress
(Rp 0.2) min.
N/mm2
Tensile strength
in N/mm2
Rm
min.
Elongation at
fracture in %
A
min.
Reduction of
area at fracture
in % Z
min.
Notch impact
energy (ISO-V)
in J KV
min.
16
> 16 40
> 40 100
345
310
290
630
680
590
17
18
18
590
490
440
800 950
700 850
650 800
13
15
16
40
45
50
35
40
40
>100 160
>160 250
>250 500
390
390
340
590 740
590 740
540 690
18
18
19
Treated for
shearing S
HB
Soft annealed
A
HB
max. 255
max. 223
Quenching
temperature in the
end-quench test
Normalising
Hardening
Quenching medium
Tempering
850
850 890
830 870
Water or oil
540 680
Temperatures in C
end-quench test

1.5
11
13
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
H
max.
min.
54
45
53
42
51
37
48
27
44
21
41
38
35
31
29
27
26
25
25
24
HH
max.
min.
54
48
53
46
51
42
48
34
44
30
41
27
38
24
35
21
31
29
27
26
25
25
24
HL
max.
min.
51
45
49
42
46
37
41
27
35
21
32
29
26
22
20
Hardness in HRC
36
THYROFORT 28 Mn 6
70
65
HH-Sorte
HH
grade
berschneidung
Overlap
of
HH+HL-Sorte
HH
+ HL grade
60
HL-Sorte
HL
grade
55
Hardness
in in
HRC
Hrte
HRC
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
Abstand von Distance

der abgeschreckten
Stirnflche
in mm
from quenched
end in
1200
1100
1000
oC
Temperature
TemperaturininC
900
800
AC3
700
45
55
55
600
45
45
F
P
55
55
45
AC1
55
45
55
45
45
45
20
500
10
400 MS
15
68
300
10
70
200
514
100
Hardness
Hrtewerte
HV 10
100
488
101
464
274 221
187
180
102
176
170 176
103
165
156
104
105
106
Zeit
Timeinins s
100
Zeit in
in min.
min
Time
101
102
100
Zeit ininhh
Time
103
101
104
102
37
THYROFORT 46 Cr 2 / 46 CrS 2
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
1.7006
46Cr2
1.7025
46CrS2
Chemical
composition
C
46Cr2 0.42 0.50
46CrS2 0.42 0.50
in different
Si
Mn
0.40
0.40
0.50 0.80
0.50 0.80
0.035
0.035
Cr
Mo
Ni
0.035 0.40 0.60

0.0200.040 0.40 0.60

Heat treatment
diameter
in mm
0.2% proof
stress
(Rp 0.2) min.
N/mm2
Tensile strength
in N/mm2
Rm
min.
Elongation at
fracture in %
A
min.
Reduction of
area at fracture
in % Z
min.
Notch impact
energy (ISO-V)
in J KV
min.
16
> 16 40
> 40 100
650
550
400
900 1100
800 950
650 800
12
14
15
35
40
45
30
35
35
Treated for
shearing S
HB
Soft annealed
A
HB
max. 255
max. 223
Quenching
temperature in the
end-quench test
Normalising
Hardening
Quenching medium
Tempering
850
840 880
820 860
Oil or water
540 680
Heat treatment
Temperatures in C
end-quench test

1.5
11
13
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
H
max.
min.
63
54
61
49
59
40
57
32
53
28
47
25
42
23
39
22
36
20
33
32
31
30
29
29
HH
max.
min.
63
57
61
53
59
46
57
40
53
36
47
32
42
29
39
28
36
25
33
22
32
21
31
20
30
29
29
HL
max.
min.
60
54
57
49
53
40
49
32
45
28
40
25
36
23
32
22
31
20
28
27
26
25
25
24
Hardness in HRC
38
1800
90
Rm
1600
80
1400
70
1200
60
Rp 0,2
1000
50
800
40
600
30
400
20
Z
200
Typical values for

60 mm diameter
100
2000

Tempering diagram
0.2% proof
stress R
and tensile strength Rm in2 N/mm2
Streckgrenze
Rp0.2
p 0,2 und Zugfestigkeit Rm in N/mm
10
A
100
200
300
400
500
Anlasstemperatur in oC
600
700
70
65
HH
grade
HH-Sorte
berschneidung
Overlap
of
HH+HL-Sorte
HH
+ HL grade
60
HL-Sorte
HL
grade
55
HrteininHRC
HRC
Hardness
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
Abstand von der

abgeschreckten
Stirnflche
mm
Distance
from quenched
end ininmm
1200
1100
1000
Temperature
TemperaturininCoC
900
AC3
800
35
700
1
500
MS
87
P
5
80
35
35
30
20
1
600
400
10
35
70
AC1
65
65
65
65
10
B
15
300
45
64 7
200
100
0
595
Hrtewerte
Hardness
HV 10
100
Zeit
Timeinins s
592 488 393 347 303 232 221
101
102
100
101
ZeitTime
in min
in min.
206
183
178 176
103
172
104
102
100
Zeit
Timeininhh
105
106
103
101
104
102
39
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
1.7033
34Cr4
1.7037
34CrS4
Chemical
composition
C
34Cr4 0.30 0.37
34CrS4 0.30 0.37
Si
Mn
0.40
0.40
0.60 0.90
0.60 0.90
0.035
0.035
in different
Cr
Mo
Ni
0.035 0.90 1.20

0.0200.040 0.90 1.20

Heat treatment
diameter
in mm
0.2% proof
stress
(Rp 0.2) min.
N/mm2
Tensile strength
in N/mm2
Rm
min.
Elongation at
fracture in %
A
min.
Reduction of
area at fracture
in % Z
min.
Notch impact
energy (ISO-V)
in J KV
min.
16
> 16 40
> 40 100
700
590
460
900 1100
800 950
700 850
12
14
15
35
40
45
35
40
40
Treated for
shearing S
HB
Soft annealed
A
HB
max. 255
max. 223
Quenching
temperature in the
end-quench test
Normalising
Hardening
Quenching medium
Tempering
850
850 890
830 870
Water or oil
540 680
Heat treatment
Temperatures in C
end-quench test

1.5
11
13
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
H
max.
min.
57
49
57
48
56
45
54
41
52
35
49
32
46
29
44
27
39
23
37
21
35
20
34
33
32
31
HH
max.
min.
57
52
57
51
56
49
54
45
52
41
49
38
46
35
44
33
39
28
37
26
35
25
34
24
33
23
32
22
31
21
HL
max.
min.
54
49
54
48
52
45
50
41
46
35
43
32
40
29
38
27
34
23
32
21
30
20
29
28
27
26
Hardness in HRC
40
100
2000
1800
1600
80
Rp 0,2
1400
70
1200
60
1000
50
Z
800
40
600
30
400
20
A
200
0
10
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
90
Rm

Streckgrenze Rp 0,2 und Zugfestigkeit Rm in N/mm
Typical values for

30 mm diameter
0.2% proof stress Rp0.2 and tensile strength Rm in2 N/mm2
Tempering diagram
70
65
HH grade
HH-Sorte
berschneidung
Overlap of
HH+HL-Sorte
HH + HL grade
60
HL-Sorte
HL grade
55
HrteininHRC
HRC
Hardness
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
Abstand von der

abgeschreckten
Stirnflche
mm
Distance
from quenched
end ininmm
1200
1100
1000
oC
TemperaturininC
Temperature
900
AC3
800
700
600
F3
25
75
20
80
15
85
30
70
30
70
35
65
AC1
500
B
MS
400
20
90
92
300
94
87
92
200
100
0
Hardness
Hrtewerte
550
HV 10
100
Zeit
Timeinins s
101
498
366 334 297 291 253 219 212

294
102
100
Zeit
in in
min
Time
min.
206
189
196
103
101
104
102
100
Zeit ininhh
Time
105
106
103
101
104
102
41
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
1.7034
37Cr4
1.7038
37CrS4
Chemical
composition
C
37Cr4 0.34 0.41
37CrS4 0.34 0.41
Si
Mn
0.40
0.40
0.60 0.90
0.60 0.90
0.035
0.035
in different
Cr
Mo
Ni
0.035 0.90 1.20

0.0200.040 0.90 1.20

Heat treatment
diameter
in mm
0.2% proof
stress
(Rp 0.2) min.
N/mm2
Tensile strength
in N/mm2
Rm
min.
Elongation at
fracture in %
A
min.
Reduction of
area at fracture
in % Z
min.
Notch impact
energy (ISO-V)
in J KV
min.
16
> 16 40
> 40 100
750
630
510
950 1150
850 1000
750 900
11
13
14
35
40
40
30
35
35
Treated for
shearing S
HB
Soft annealed
A
HB
max. 255
max. 235
Quenching
temperature in the
end-quench test
Normalising
Hardening
Quenching medium
Tempering
850
845 885
825 865
Oil or water
540 680
Heat treatment
Temperatures in C
end-quench test
Hardness in HRC
42
1.5
11
13
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
H
max.
min.
59
51
59
50
58
48
57
44
55
39
52
36
50
33
48
31
42
26
39
24
37
22
36
20
35
34
33
HH
max.
min.
59
54
59
53
58
51
57
48
55
44
52
41
50
39
48
37
42
31
39
29
37
27
36
25
35
24
34
23
33
22
HL
max.
min.
56
51
56
50
55
48
53
44
50
39
47
36
44
33
42
31
37
26
34
24
32
22
31
20
30
29
29
100
1800
90
1600
80
Rp 0,2
1400
70
1200
60
Z
1000
50
Rm
800
40
600
30
400
20
A
200
0
10
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
Typical values for

30 mm diameter
2000

Tempering diagram
0.2% proof
stress R
Streckgrenze Rp0.2
70
65
HH
grade
HH-Sorte
berschneidung
Overlap
of
HH+HL-Sorte
HH
+ HL grade
60
HL-Sorte
HL
grade
55
HrteininHRC
HRC
Hardness
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
Distance
from quenched
end ininmm
Abstand von der
abgeschreckten
Stirnflche
mm
1200
1100
1000
Temperature
ininCoC
Temperatur
900
AC3
800
25
700
15
10
600
500
400
85 75
30
70
AC1
70
30
B
MS
30
3
15
70
300
95
57
M
200
100
Hrtewerte
Hardness
627
HV 10
0
100
Zeit in s
Time in s
101
613
554
390 360 330 245
102
100
Zeit in min
Time in min.
103
101
232
221 210
104
102
100
Zeit in h
Time in h
105
106
103
101
104
102
43
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
1.7035
41Cr4
1.7039
41CrS4
Chemical
composition
C
41Cr4 0.38 0.45
41CrS4 0.38 0.45
Si
Mn
0.40
0.40
0.60 0.90
0.60 0.90
0.035
0.035
in different
Cr
Mo
Ni
0.035 0.90 1.20

0.0200.040 0.90 1.20

Heat treatment
diameter
in mm
0.2% proof
stress
(Rp 0.2) min.
N/mm2
Tensile strength
in N/mm2
Rm
min.
Elongation at
fracture in %
A
min.
Reduction of
area at fracture
in % Z
min.
Notch impact
energy (ISO-V)
in J KV
min.
16
> 16 40
> 40 100
800
660
560
1000 1200
1900 1100
1800 1950
11
12
14
30
35
40
30
35
35
Treated for
shearing S
HB
Soft annealed
A
HB
max. 255
max. 241
Quenching
temperature in the
end-quench test
Normalising
Hardening
Quenching medium
Tempering
850
840 880
820 860
Oil or water
540 680
Heat treatment
Temperatures in C
end-quench test
Hardness in HRC
44
1.5
11
13
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
H
max.
min.
61
53
61
52
60
50
59
47
58
41
56
37
54
34
52
32
46
29
42
26
40
23
38
21
37
36
35
HH
max.
min.
61
56
61
55
60
53
59
51
58
47
56
43
54
41
52
39
46
35
42
31
40
29
38
27
37
26
36
25
35
24
HL
max.
min.
58
53
58
52
57
50
55
47
52
41
50
37
47
34
45
32
40
29
37
26
34
23
32
21
31
30
29
Rm
1800
90
Rp 0,2
1600
80
1400
70
1200
60
1000
50
Z
800
40
600
30
400
20
A
200
0
Typical values for

30 mm diameter
100
2000

Tempering diagram
0.2% proof
stress R
Streckgrenze
Rp0.2
10
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
70
65
HH
grade
HH-Sorte
berschneidung
Overlap
of
HH+HL-Sorte
HH
+ HL grade
60
HL-Sorte
HL
grade
55
HrteininHRC
HRC
Hardness
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
Distance
from quenched
end ininmm
Abstand von der
abgeschreckten
Stirnflche
mm
1200
1100
1000
900
AC3
oC
TemperaturininC
Temperature
800
700
5
600
10
15
90 85
20 20
80 80
20
80
AC1
P
5
500
400
MS
10 30
300
M
B
75
92 90
200
100
Hrtewerte
Hardness
629
579 510 428 312 293 263 236
215 210 206
HV 10
0
100
Zeit in
Time
in ss
101
102
100
Zeit ininmin
Time
min.
103
101
104
102
100
Zeit ininhh
Time
106
105
103
101
104
102
45
THYROFORT 51 CrV 4
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
1.8159
51CrV4
Chemical
composition
Si
Mn
Cr
Mo
Ni
0.47 0.55
0.40
0.70 1.10
0.035
0.035
0.90 1.20
0.10 0.25
in different

Heat treatment
diameter
in mm
0.2% proof
stress
(Rp 0.2) min.
N/mm2
Tensile strength
in N/mm2
Rm
min.
Elongation at
fracture in %
A
min.
Reduction of
area at fracture
in % Z
min.
Notch impact
energy (ISO-V)
in J KV
min.
16
> 16 40
> 40 100
>100 160
>160 250
900
800
700
650
600
1100 1300
1000 1200
1900 1100
1850 1000
1800 1950
9
10
12
13
13
40
45
50
50
50
30
30
30
30
30
Treated for
shearing S
HB
Soft annealed
A
HB
max. 248
Heat treatment
Temperatures in C
Quenching
temperature in the
end-quench test
Normalising
Hardening
Quenching medium
Tempering
850
840 880
820 860
Oil
540 680
end-quench test

1.5
11
13
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
H
max.
min.
65
57
65
56
64
56
64
55
63
53
63
52
63
50
62
48
62
44
62
41
61
37
60
35
60
34
59
33
58
32
HH
max.
min.
65
60
65
59
64
59
64
58
63
56
63
56
63
54
62
53
62
50
62
48
61
45
60
43
60
43
59
42
58
41
HL
max.
min.
62
57
62
56
61
56
61
55
60
53
59
52
59
50
57
48
56
44
55
41
53
37
52
35
51
34
50
33
49
32
Hardness in HRC
46
1800
90
Rm
1600
80
Rp 0,2
1400
70
1200
60
1000
50
800
40
600
30
400
20
A
200
0
Typical values for

30 mm diameter
100
2000

Tempering diagram

THYROFORT 51 CrV 4
10
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
70
65
60
55
Hardness
HrteininHRC
HRC
50
45
40
35
HH
grade
HH-Sorte
berschneidung
Overlap
of
HH+HL-Sorte
HH
+ HL grade
30
HL-Sorte
HL
grade
25
20
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
Abstand von der

abgeschreckten
Stirnflche
mm
Distance
from quenched
end ininmm
1200
1100
1000
900
AC3
Temperatur
Temperature
in in
CoC
800
700
3
3
600
AC1
P3
A
500
400
Zw
Ms
3
300
20 90
95
90
200
100
Hrtewerte
Hardness
606 613 637 576 387 356 336
100
Zeit in s
Time in s
273 249
309
HV 10
101
102
100
Zeitininmin.
min
Time
233
244
103
101
104
102
100
Zeit
Timeininh h
106
105
103
101
104
102
47
THYROFORT 25 CrMo 4 / 25 CrMoS 4

Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
1.7218
25CrMo4
1.7213
25CrMoS4
Chemical
composition
C
25CrMo4 0.22 0.29
25CrMoS4 0.22 0.29
in different
To DIN E 17201
Si
Mn
0.40
0.40
0.60 0.90
0.60 0.90
0.035
0.035
Cr
Mo
Ni
0.035 0.90 1.20 0.15 0.30

0.0200.040 0.90 1.20 0.15 0.30

Heat treatment
diameter
in mm
0.2% proof
stress
(Rp 0.2) min.
N/mm2
Tensile strength
in N/mm2
Rm
min.
Elongation at
fracture in %
A
min.
Reduction of
area at fracture
in % Z
min.
Notch impact
energy (ISO-V)
in J KV
min.
16
> 16 40
> 40 100
>100 160
700
600
450
400
900 1100
800 1950
700 1850
650 1800
12
14
15
16
50
55
60
60
45
50
50
45
>160 250
>250 500
400
380
650 1800
600 1750
17
18
45
38
Treated for
shearing S
HB
Soft annealed
A
HB
max. 255
max. 212
Quenching
temperature in the
end-quench test
Normalising
Hardening
Quenching medium
Tempering
850
860 900
840 880
Oil or water
540 680
Heat treatment
Temperatures in C
end-quench test

1.5
11
13
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
H
max.
min.
52
44
52
43
51
40
50
37
48
34
46
32
43
29
41
27
37
23
35
21
33
20
32
31
31
31
HH
max.
min.
52
47
52
46
51
44
50
41
48
39
46
37
43
34
41
32
37
28
35
26
33
24
32
23
31
22
31
22
31
22
HL
max.
min.
49
44
49
43
47
40
46
37
43
34
41
32
38
29
36
27
32
23
30
21
29
20
28
27
27
27
Hardness in HRC
48
1800
90
Rm
1600
80
1400
70
Rp 0,2
1200
60
1000
50
800
40
600
30
400
20
200
Typical values for

30 mm diameter
100
2000

Tempering diagram

10
A
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
70
65
HH
grade
HH-Sorte
berschneidung
Overlap
of
HH+HL-Sorte
HH
+ HL grade
60
HL-Sorte
HL
grade
55
HrteininHRC
HRC
Hardness
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
Distance
from quenched
end ininmm
Abstand von der
abgeschreckten
Stirnflche
mm
1200
1100
1000
900
AC3
Temperature
in in
CoC
Temperatur
800
700
10
5 10
600
30
20
10
M
P
15
A
500
50
45
45
30
55
55
55
55
AC1
45
45
35
MS
85
400
100 87
95 90
87
70
300
55 40
15
M
200
100
Hrtewerte
Hardness
464
HV 10
0
100
Zeit ininss
Time
101
366 332
297
273 257 229 233 217
102
100
Zeit
Timeininmin
min.
171
170 160
163
188
103
101
104
102
100
Zeit ininhh
Time
105
106
103
101
104
102
49

Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
1.7220
34CrMo4
1.7226
34CrMoS4
Chemical
composition
C
34CrMo4 0.30 0.37
34CrMoS4 0.30 0.37
Si
Mn
0.40
0.40
0.60 0.90
0.60 0.90
0.035
0.035
in different
To DIN E 17201
Cr
Mo
Ni
0.035 0.90 1.20 0.15 0.30

0.0200.040 0.90 1.20 0.15 0.30

Heat treatment
diameter
in mm
0.2% proof
stress
(Rp 0.2) min.
N/mm2
Tensile strength
in N/mm2
Rm
min.
Elongation at
fracture in %
A
min.
Reduction of
area at fracture
in % Z
min.
Notch impact
energy (ISO-V)
in J KV
min.
16
> 16 40
> 40 100
>100 160
>160 250
800
650
550
500
450
1000 1200
1900 1100
1800 1950
1750 1900
1700 1850
11
12
14
15
15
45
50
55
55
60
35
40
45
45
40
>250 500
410
650 1800
16
33
Treated for
shearing S
HB
Soft annealed
A
HB
max. 255
max. 223
Quenching
temperature in the
end-quench test
Normalising
Hardening
Quenching medium
Tempering
850
850 890
830 870
Oil or water
540 680
Heat treatment
Temperatures in C
end-quench test

1.5
11
13
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
H
max.
min.
57
49
57
49
57
48
56
45
55
42
54
39
53
36
52
34
48
30
45
28
43
27
41
26
40
25
40
24
39
24
HH
max.
min.
57
52
57
52
57
51
56
49
55
46
54
44
53
42
52
40
48
36
45
34
43
32
41
31
40
30
40
29
39
29
HL
max.
min.
54
49
54
49
54
48
52
45
51
42
49
39
47
36
46
34
42
30
39
28
38
27
36
26
35
25
35
24
34
24
Hardness in HRC
50
1800
1600
80
Rp 0,2
1400
70
1200
60
Z
50
800
40
600
30
0,2
1000
400
20
A
200
0
10
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
90
Rm
Typical values for

30 mm diameter
100
2000

Tempering diagram
2
0.2% proof
stress R
andZugfestigkeit
tensile strength
m in2 N/mm
R in R
N/mm
Streckgrenze
Rp0.2 und
70
65
HH
grade
HH-Sorte
berschneidung
Overlap
of
HH+HL-Sorte
HH
+ HL grade
60
HL-Sorte
HL
grade
55
HrteininHRC
HRC
Hardness
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
Distance
from quenched
end ininmm
Abstand von der
abgeschreckten
Stirnflche
mm
1200
1100
1000
900
AC3
Temperature
in in
CoC
Temperatur
800
700
F
3
600
30 40 45
P
5
45
45
55
55
AC1
55
3
55
500
B
MS
3
400
70 85
300
90
92
90
89
M
200
Hrtewerte
100 Hardness
HV 10
0
100
Zeit in s
Time in s
15
5
597
101
574 435 353 321 295 283 281 231 231 200 187 193
102
100
Zeit in min
Time in min.
103
101
104
102
100
Zeit ininhh
Time
105
106
104
10
101
102
51

Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
1.7225
42CrMo4
1.7227
42CrMoS4
Chemical
composition
C
42CrMo4 0.38 0.45
42CrMoS4 0.38 0.45
Si
Mn
0.40
0.40
0.60 0.90
0.60 0.90
0.035
0.035
in different
To DIN E 17201
Heat treatment
Temperatures in C
Cr
Mo
Ni
0.035 0.90 1.20 0.15 0.30

0.0200.040 0.90 1.20 0.15 0.30

Heat treatment
diameter
in mm
0.2% proof
stress
(Rp 0.2) min.
N/mm2
Tensile strength
in N/mm2
Rm
min.
Elongation at
fracture in %
A
min.
Reduction of
area at fracture
in % Z
min.
Notch impact
energy (ISO-V)
in J KV
min.
16
> 16 40
> 40 100
>100 160
>160 250
900
750
650
550
500
1100 1300
1000 1200
1900 1100
1800 1950
1750 1900
10
11
12
13
14
40
45
50
50
55
30
35
35
35
35
>250 500
>500 750
460
390
1700 1850
1600 1750
15
16
27
22
Treated for
shearing S
HB
Soft annealed
A
HB
max. 255
max. 241
Quenching
temperature in the
end-quench test
Normalising
Hardening
Quenching medium
Tempering
850
840 880
820 860
Oil or water
540 680
end-quench test

1.5
11
13
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
H
max.
min.
61
53
61
53
61
52
60
51
60
49
59
43
59
40
58
37
56
34
53
32
51
31
48
30
47
30
46
29
45
29
HH
max.
min.
61
56
61
56
61
55
60
54
60
52
59
48
59
46
58
44
56
41
53
39
51
38
48
36
47
36
46
35
45
34
HL
max.
min.
58
53
58
53
58
52
57
51
56
49
54
43
53
40
51
37
49
34
46
32
44
31
42
30
41
30
40
29
40
29
Hardness in HRC
52

100
2000
Rm
1800
80
Rp 0,2
1400
70
1200
60
1000
50
800
40
600
30
0,2
400
20
A
200
0
10
100
200
300
400
500
600
700

1600
90
Typical values for

30 mm diameter
2
0.2% proof
stress R
andZugfestigkeit
tensile strength
m in2 N/mm
R in R
Streckgrenze
Rp0.2 und
N/mm
Tempering diagram
70
65
HH
grade
HH-Sorte
berschneidung
Overlap
of
HH+HL-Sorte
HH
+ HL grade
60
HL-Sorte
HL
grade
55
HrteininHRC
HRC
Hardness
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
Abstand von der

abgeschreckten
Stirnflche
mm
Distance
from quenched
end ininmm
1200
1100
1000
Temperature
in in
CoC
Temperatur
900
AC3
800
700
15 25 30
85 75 70
3 10
F
600
400
AC1
5 20
A
500
35
65
B
MS
10 15
75
300
90
95
99
92 70
200
100
Hrtewerte
Hardness
566 599 496 446 342 311 314 293 286 239 213 206 197
HV 10
0
100
Zeit in s
Time in s
101
102
100
Zeit
Timeininmin
min.
103
101
104
102
100
Zeit in
Time
in hh
105
106
103
101
104
102
53
THYROFORT 50 CrMo 4
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
1.7228
50CrMo4
Chemical
composition
Si
Mn
0.46 0.54
0.40
0.50 0.80
0.035
0.035
in different
To DIN E 17201
Cr
Mo
Ni
0.90 1.20 0.15 0.30

Heat treatment
diameter
in mm
0.2% proof
stress
(Rp 0.2) min.
N/mm2
Tensile strength
in N/mm2
Rm
min.
Elongation at
fracture in %
A
min.
Reduction of
area at fracture
in % Z
min.
Notch impact
energy (ISO-V)
in J KV
min.
16
> 16 40
> 40 100
>100 160
>160 250
900
780
700
650
550
1100 1300
1000 1200
1900 1100
1850 1000
1800 1950
9
10
12
13
13
40
45
50
50
50
30
30
30
30
30
>250 500
>500 750
540
490
1750 1900
1700 1850
14
15
20
15
Treated for
shearing S
HB
Soft annealed
A
HB
See condition A
max. 248
Quenching
temperature in the
end-quench test
Normalising
Hardening
Quenching medium
Tempering
850
840 880
820 860
Oil
540 680
Heat treatment
Temperatures in C
end-quench test

1.5
11
13
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
H
max.
min.
65
58
65
58
64
57
64
55
63
54
63
53
63
51
62
48
61
45
60
41
58
39
57
38
55
37
54
36
54
36
HH
max.
min.
65
60
65
60
64
59
64
58
63
57
63
56
63
55
62
53
61
50
60
47
58
45
57
44
55
43
54
42
54
42
HL
max.
min.
63
58
63
58
62
57
61
55
60
54
60
53
59
51
57
48
56
45
54
41
52
39
51
38
49
37
48
36
48
36
Hardness in HRC
54
90
Rm
Rp 0,2
1600
80
70
1200
60
1000
50
0,2
1400
40
800
600
30
400
20
A
200
0
1800
Typical values for

30 mm diameter
100
2000

Tempering diagram
0.2% proof
stress R
Streckgrenze R p0.2 und Zugfestigkeit R in N/mm
THYROFORT 50 CrMo 4
10
100
200
300
400
500
600
Anlasstemperatur
in oC in C
Tempering
temperature
700
70
65
60
55
Hrte
HRC
Hardness
in in
HRC
50
45
40
35
HH
grade
HH-Sorte
berschneidung
Overlap
of
HH+HL-Sorte
HH
+ HL grade
30
HL-Sorte
HL
grade
25
20
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
Abstand von der

abgeschreckten
Stirnflche
mm
Distance
from quenched
end ininmm
1200
1100
1000
900
AC3
Temperature
TemperaturininCoC
800
700
600
10
10 10
90
90
90
8
82
AC1
87
500
B
400
MS
300
10
30
80
200
100
90
92
95
15
5
Hrtewerte
Hardness
599 635 568 505 404 366 339
HV 10
0
100
Zeit in s
Time in s
325
329
101
102
100
Zeit
in min
Time
in min.
227
255
243
285
103
101
104
102
100
Zeit ininhh
Time
105
106
103
101
104
102
55
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
1.7707
30CrMoV9*
*To DIN E 17201
Chemical
composition
C
30CrMoV9 0.26 0.34
Si
Mn
0.40
0.40 0.70
0.035
0.035
in different
To DIN E 17201
Heat treatment
2.30 2.70 0.15 0.25
0.2% proof
stress
(Rp 0.2) min.
N/mm2
Tensile strength
in N/mm2
Rm
min.
Elongation at
fracture in %
A
min.
Reduction of
area at fracture
in % Z
min.
Notch impact
energy (ISO-V)
in J KV
min.
1050
1020
1900
1800
1700
1590
1250 1450
1200 1450
1100 1300
1000 1200
1900 1100
1800 1950
9
9
10
11
12
14
35
35
40
45
50
25
25
30
35
35
35
16
40
100
160
250
500
Ni
0.60
0.10 0.20
Treated for
shearing S
HB
Soft annealed
A
HB
See condition A
max. 248
Quenching
temperature in the
end-quench test
Normalising
Hardening
Quenching medium
Tempering
850
860 900
840 880
Oil or water
540 650
Temperatures in C
end-quench test
Hardness in HRC
56
Mo

Heat treatment
diameter
in mm
> 16
> 40
>100
>160
>250
Cr
1.5
11
13
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
H
max.
min.
56
48
56
48
56
47
56
47
56
46
56
46
55
45
55
44
54
41
53
39
52
38
51
37
50
36
49
35
48
34
HH
max.
min.
56
51
56
51
56
50
56
50
56
50
56
49
55
48
55
48
54
45
53
43
52
42
51
41
50
40
49
39
48
38
HL
max.
min.
54
48
54
48
54
47
53
47
53
46
52
46
52
45
52
44
51
41
49
39
48
38
47
37
46
36
45
35
44
34
100
2000
1800
80
Rp 0,2
1400
70
1200
60
50
800
40
600
30
0,2
1000
400
20
200
0

1600
90
Rm
Typical values for

30 mm diameter
2
0.2% proof
stress RRp0.2 and
tensile strength
m in2 N/mm
und Zugfestigkeit
R in R
N/mm
Streckgrenze
Tempering diagram
10
100
200
300
400
500
Anlasstemperatur
in oCin C
Tempering
temperature
600
700
70
65
HH
grade
HH-Sorte
berschneidung
Overlap
of
HH+HL-Sorte
HH
+ HL grade
60
HL-Sorte
HL
grade
55
HrteininHRC
HRC
Hardness
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
Abstand von der

abgeschreckten
Stirnflche
mm
Distance
from quenched
end ininmm
1200
1100
1000
Temperature
in in
CoC
Temperatur
900
AC3
800
700
40
70 70
70 70
30 30
30 30
AC1
600
A
500
400
B
MS
60
300
M
60
100 100
100 100
100
97
60
200
100
172
Hrtewerte
Hardness
496
HV 10
0
100
Zeit ininss
Time
101
478 481 493 428 404 390 351 374 351
102
100
Zeit
in min
Time
in min.
264 186 177 170
103
101
104
102
100
Zeit ininhh
Time
105
106
103
101
104
102
57
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
1.6511
36CrNiMo4
Chemical
composition
Si
Mn
0.32 0.40
0.40
0.50 0.80
0.035
0.035
in different
Cr
Mo
Ni
0.90 1.20 0.15 0.30 0.901.20

Heat treatment
diameter
in mm
0.2% proof
stress
(Rp 0.2) min.
N/mm2
Tensile strength
in N/mm2
Rm
min.
Elongation at
fracture in %
A
min.
Reduction of
area at fracture
in % Z
min.
Notch impact
energy (ISO-V)
in J KV
min.
16
> 16 40
> 40 100
>100 160
>160 250
900
800
700
600
550
1100 1300
1000 1200
1900 1100
1800 1950
1750 1900
10
11
12
13
14
45
50
55
60
60
35
40
45
45
45
Treated for
shearing S
HB
Soft annealed
A
HB
See condition A
max. 248
Quenching
temperature in the
end-quench test
Normalising
Hardening
Quenching medium
Tempering
850
840 870
820 850
Oil or water
540 680
Heat treatment
Temperatures in C
end-quench test

1.5
11
13
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
H
max.
min.
59
51
59
50
58
49
58
49
57
48
57
47
57
46
56
45
55
43
54
41
53
39
52
38
51
36
50
34
49
33
HH
max.
min.
59
54
59
53
58
52
58
52
57
51
57
50
57
50
56
49
55
47
54
45
53
44
52
43
51
41
50
39
49
38
HL
max.
min.
56
51
56
50
55
49
55
49
54
48
54
47
53
46
52
45
51
43
50
41
48
39
47
38
46
36
45
34
44
33
Hardness in HRC
58
90
Rm
1600
80
Rp 0,2
1400
70
1200
60
1000
50
800
40
600
30
400
20
A
200
0
10
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
1800

Typical values for

60 mm diameter
100
2000
Tempering diagram
70
65
HH
grade
HH-Sorte
berschneidung
Overlap
of
HH+HL-Sorte
HH
+ HL grade
60
HL-Sorte
HL
grade
55
Hardness
in in
HRC
Hrte
HRC
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
Abstand von der

abgeschreckten
Stirnflche
mm
Distance
from quenched
end ininmm
1200
1100
1000
900
AC3
Temperature
Temperatur in
in C
C
800
700
3F
600
AC1
25
10 20
3 10P 75
A
500
400 MS
10 60
80 90
300
B
90
91
M
200
100
0
100
97 97
87 70
286
532 558 517 542 510 438 345 319 304 297 274 229
Hrtewerte
Hardness
HV 10
100
Zeit in s
Time in s
101
102
100
Zeit in min
Time in min.
103
101
104
102
100
Zeit ininhh
Time
105
106
103
101
104
102
59
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
1.6582
34CrNiMo6
Chemical
composition
Si
Mn
0.30 0.38
0.40
0.50 0.80
0.035
0.035
in different
To DIN E 17201
Cr
Mo
Ni
1.30 1.70 0.15 0.30 1.301.70

Heat treatment
diameter
in mm
0.2% proof
stress
(Rp 0.2) min.
N/mm2
Tensile strength
in N/mm2
Rm
min.
Elongation at
fracture in %
A
min.
Reduction of
area at fracture
in % Z
min.
Notch impact
energy (ISO-V)
in J KV
min.
16
> 16 40
> 40 100
>100 160
>160 250
1000
1900
1800
1700
1600
1200 1400
1100 1300
1000 1200
1900 1100
1800 1950
9
10
11
12
13
40
45
50
55
55
35
45
45
45
45
>250 500
>500 1000
1540
1490
750 1900
700 1850
14
15
45
40
Treated for
shearing S
HB
Soft annealed
A
HB
See condition A
max. 248
Quenching
temperature in the
end-quench test
Normalising
Hardening
Quenching medium
Tempering
850
850 880
830 860
Oil
540 660
Heat treatment
Temperatures in C
end-quench test

1.5
11
13
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
H
max.
min.
58
50
58
50
58
50
58
50
57
49
57
48
57
48
57
48
57
48
57
47
57
47
57
47
57
46
57
45
57
44
HH
max.
min.
58
53
58
53
58
53
58
53
57
52
57
51
57
51
57
51
57
51
57
50
57
50
57
50
57
50
57
49
57
48
HL
max.
min.
55
50
55
50
55
50
55
50
54
49
54
48
54
48
54
48
54
48
54
47
54
47
54
47
53
46
53
45
53
44
Hardness in HRC
60
1800
1600
80
Rp 0,2
1400
70
1200
60
Z
50
800
40
600
30
0,2
1000
400
20
200
0
90
Rm
Typical values for

60 mm diameter
100
2000

Tempering diagram
0.2% proof
stress R
Streckgrenze Rp0.2 und Zugfestigkeit R in N/mm
10
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
70
65
60
55
Hrte
HRC
Hardness
in in
HRC
50
45
40
35
HH
grade
HH-Sorte
berschneidung
Overlap
of
HH+HL-Sorte
HH
+ HL grade
30
HL-Sorte
HL
grade
25
20
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
Abstand von der

abgeschreckten
Stirnflche
mm
Distance
from quenched
end ininmm
1200
1100
1000
Temperature
in in
CoC
Temperatur
900
AC3
800
700
F
600
500
400
100
32
65
65
MS
15 20
30
40
70
80
85
M
Hrtewerte
Hardness
90
92 87
82 3
528 510 505 529 527 483 433 383 349
100
Zeit in s
Time in s
239 202
328 324
302
HV 10
0
AC1
35
300
200
15
3
101
102
100
Zeit
in in
min
Time
min.
103
101
104
102
100
Zeit ininhh
Time
105
106
103
101
104
102
61
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
1.6580
30CrNiMo8
Chemical
composition
Si
Mn
0.26 0.34
0.40
0.30 0.60
0.035
0.035
in different
To DIN E 17201
Cr
Mo
Ni
1.80 2.20 0.30 0.50 1.802.20

Heat treatment
diameter
in mm
0.2% proof
stress
(Rp 0.2) min.
N/mm2
Tensile strength
in N/mm2
Rm
min.
Elongation at
fracture in %
A
min.
Reduction of
area at fracture
in % Z
min.
Notch impact
energy (ISO-V)
in J KV
min.
16
> 16 40
> 40 100
>100 160
>160 250
1050
1050
1900
1800
1700
1250 1450
1250 1450
1100 1300
1000 1200
1900 1100
9
9
10
11
12
40
40
45
50
50
30
30
35
45
45
>250 500
>500 1000
1630
1590
1850 1000
1800 1950
12
12
45
40
Treated for
shearing S
HB
Soft annealed
A
HB
See condition A
max. 248
Quenching
temperature in the
end-quench test
Normalising
Hardening
Quenching medium
Tempering
850
850 880
830 860
Oil
540 660
Heat treatment
Temperatures in C
end-quench test
Hardness in HRC
62
1.5
11
13
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
H
max.
min.
56
48
56
48
56
48
56
48
55
47
55
47
55
47
55
46
55
46
54
45
54
45
54
44
54
44
54
43
54
43
HH
max.
min.
56
51
56
51
56
51
56
51
55
50
55
50
55
50
55
49
55
49
54
48
54
48
54
47
54
47
54
47
54
47
HL
max.
min.
53
48
53
48
53
48
53
48
52
47
52
47
52
47
52
46
52
46
51
45
51
45
51
44
51
44
50
43
50
43
Tempering diagram
Rm
1200
1000
Rp 0,2
800
80
600
60
Z
400
40
200
20
A
Bruchdehnung
A und Brucheinschnrung
Z in %
Elongation
at fracture
A and reduction of
Typical values for

60 mm diameter
2
0.2% proof
stress RRp0.2 and
tensile strength R N/mm
in N/mm
2
Streckgrenze
p 0,2 und Zugfestigkeit Rm inm
1400
450
550
650
oC
Anlasstemperatur
Tempering
temperature
in C
70
65
60
55
HrteininHRC
HRC
Hardness
50
45
40
35
HH
grade
HH-Sorte
berschneidung
Overlap
of
HH+HL-Sorte
HH
+ HL grade
30
HL-Sorte
HL
grade
25
20
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
Abstand von der

abgeschreckten
Stirnflche
mm
Distance
from quenched
end ininmm
1200
1100
1000
Temperature
TemperaturininCoC
900
800
AC3
700
AC1
600
A
500
400
MS
300
10
20
M
200
100
Hrtewerte
Hardness
574 552 530
60
85 90
95
534 560 480 476 433 397
HV 10
0
100
Zeit in s
Time in s
101
102
100
Zeit in min
Time in min.
103
101
104
102
100
Zeit ininhh
Time
105
106
103
101
104
102
63
Material No.
Code
Material No.
Code
1.6773
36NiCrMo16
Chemical
composition
Si
Mn
0.32 0.39
0.40
0.30 0.60
0.030
0.025
in different
Cr
Mo
Ni
1.60 2.00 0.25 0.45 3.604.10

Heat treatment
diameter
in mm
0.2% proof
stress
(Rp 0.2) min.
N/mm2
Tensile strength
in N/mm2
Rm
min.
Elongation at
fracture in %
A
min.
Reduction of
area at fracture
in % Z
min.
Notch impact
energy (ISO-V)
in J KV
min.
16
> 16 40
> 40 100
>100 160
>160 250
1050
1050
1900
1800
1800
1250 1450
1250 1450
1100 1300
1000 1200
1000 1200
19
19
10
11
11
40
40
45
50
50
30
30
35
45
45
Treated for
shearing S
HB
Soft annealed
A
HB
See condition A
max. 269
Quenching
temperature in the
end-quench test
Normalising
Hardening
Quenching medium
Tempering
850
885 905
865 885
Air or oil
550 650
Heat treatment
Temperatures in C
end-quench test

1.5
11
13
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
H
max.
min.
57
50
56
49
56
48
56
48
56
48
56
48
55
47
55
47
55
47
55
47
55
47
55
47
55
47
55
47
55
47
HH
max.
min.
57
52
56
51
56
51
56
51
56
51
56
51
55
51
55
50
55
50
55
50
55
50
55
50
55
50
55
50
55
50
HL
max.
min.
55
50
54
49
53
48
53
48
53
48
53
48
52
47
52
47
52
47
52
47
52
47
52
47
52
47
52
47
52
47
Hardness in HRC
64
1800
90
Rm
1600
80
Rp 0,2
1400
70
1200
60
1000
50
800
40
600
30
400
20
A
200
0
Typical values for

120 mm diameter
100
2000

Tempering diagram
0.2% proof
stress R
Streckgrenze Rp0.2
10
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
70
65
60
55
HrteininHRC
HRC
Hardness
50
45
40
35
HH
grade
HH-Sorte
Overlap
of
berschneidung
HH
+ HL grade
HH+HL-Sorte
30
HL-Sorte
HL
grade
25
20
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
Distance
from quenched
end ininmm
Abstand von der
abgeschreckten
Stirnflche
mm
1200
1100
1000
Temperature
in in
CoC
Temperatur
900
800
Ac1e
700
Ac1b
600
A+K
500
400
MS
300
B
200
100
Hrtewerte
Hardness
RA
528
518
518
515 470
462
HV 10
0
100
Zeit in s
Time in s
101
102
100
Zeit in min
Time in min.
103
101
104
102
100
Zeit in h
Time in h
105
106
103
101
104
102
65
Thyrofort The basics

Heat-treatable steels are steels
and the cooling rate on hardening
Effect of microstructure
whose chemical composition
(i.e. the quenching medium).
The strength and toughness of a
makes them suitable for harden-
These parameters determine the
heat-treatable steel depend on
ing. In the quenched and tem-
capacity of a steel to attain
the hardening structure and the
pered condition, they exhibit a
roughly the same mechanical-
tempering temperature.
certain toughness at a given ten-
technological properties over a
80
sile strength.
certain cross-section of the com-
70
700 oC
Steel 42 CrMo 4
Heat-treatable steels, as stan-
ponent after hardening and tem-
dardized in DIN EN 10083, for
pering. For small sections, this is
example, can be mild carbon
possible with unalloyed or Mn-,
steels or steels alloyed with man-
Cr- and B-alloyed steels. Larger
ganese, chromium, molybdenum,
Reduction of Area in %
600 oC Tempering Temperature

60
500 oC
450 oC
350 oC
50
Brittle Fracture
100% M
40
Transition
30
50% B
50% M
Ductile Fracture
55% F + P
45% M
20
600
sections demand fairly large
1000
1500
2000
Tensile Strength in N/mm2

Acc. to H.-F. Klrner and E. Hougardy
nickel, vanadium and boron, hav-
quantities of the alloying elements
ing approximately 0.20 to 0.60 %
Cr, Ni, Mo and V in order to ensure
carbon, whose mechanical-tech-
through-hardening. Fig. 2 shows
nological properties can be
an example of the effect of alloy-
As shown in Fig. 3, using steel
designed to fulfill the given
ing elements on hardenability in
grade 42 CrMo 4 as an example,
requirements by the appropriate
the end-quench test on heat-
the most favourable combination
heat treatment hardening fol-
treatable steels with approximate-
of tensile strength and toughness,
lowed by tempering at tempera-
ly 0.35% carbon.
illustrated here by the reduction
Fig. 3: Effect of the microstructure on

reduction of area and toughness
tures usually over 550 C.
of area, is reached after

60
tempering a 100 % martensitic
Effect of the alloying eleThe choice of a suitable steel for

a component demanding a certain minimum yield point or ulti-
Hardness in HRC
ments on hardenability
50
bainite and martensite or

40
34 CrMo 4
30
the steel, the hardening section
66
ferrite-pearlite and martensite

give less favourable results.
34 Cr 4
20
C 35E
mate strength and toughness

depends on the hardenability of
structure. Mixed structures of
36 CrNiMo 4
10
0
10
20
Distance from end-face in mm
30
40
50
60
Fig. 2: Effect of alloying elements on

hardenability in the end-quench test
The effect of the structure diminishes with increasing tempering

temperature.
Due to their superior hardening
structure, better strength/toughness combinations can be ob-
Minimum Absorbed Energy (DVM Sample) in J
tained with higher-alloyed steels
Effect of the carbon
Dimensional Range 40-100 mm
content
60
Improvements in the fatigue
CrNiMo steels
50
1% Cr steels
strength and/or wear resist-
40
1% CrMo steels
ance of heat-treatable
30
steels are often achieved by
unalloyed steels
20
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
case hardening. Depending
Minimum Yield Point in N/mm 2
than with unalloyed or low-alloy

grades (Fig. 4).
on the desired surface hardness,
Fig. 4: Effect of chemical composition on

the minimum 0.2% proof stress and
toughness of heat-treatable steels
these steels require a minimum

carbon content that must be fully
Temper embrittlement
dissolved on hardening (Fig. 5).
Apart from these effects, the loss
The use of fine-grained steels is
of toughness due to embrittle-
recommended for flame or induc-
ment that occurs on tempering
tion hardening, to ensure lower
around 300 C (300 C embrittle-
sensitivity to cracking.
ment) and 500 C (temper brittleness) should be mentioned to
Fig. 5: Hardness as a function of carbon

content for structures with various martensite contents (acc. to Gerber and Wyss).
complete the picture.

80
Accompanying elements, such as
C-Steels
Ni-Steels
phosphorus, arsenic, antimony
% Martensite
99.9%
95.0%
90.0%
70
and tin, increase the degree of

60
molybdenum or more rapid cooling after tempering reduce it.

In order to avoid such brittleness
effects, it is therefore advisable
not to temper in the temperature
Hardness in HRC
temper embrittlement, while
80.0%
50.0%
50
Mn-Si-Steels
Cr-Si-Steels
Cr-Ni-Mo-Steels
Cr-Ni-Steels
Mo-Steels
40
Cr-Mo-Steels
Cr-Steels
30
Greatest hardness
acc. to Burns, Moore and Archer
20
Hardness with various martensite contents,

acc. to Hodge and Orehoski
range from 250 C to 530 C.

10
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
Content of carbon dissolved in austenite in %
67
The heat-treatable steels dis-
Forming and machining
In order to improve machinability,
cussed in this publication are
Heat-treatable steels exhibit good
heat-treatable steels are usually
special engineering steels which
hot forming properties. Their cold
supplied with a controlled sul-
exhibit a higher degree of purity
workability depends on the car-
phur content of 0.020 0.040 %.
compared to high-grade steels,
bon content, the quantities of
Steels whose machinability has
particularly with regard to non-
alloying elements and the crys-
been improved by special metal-
metallic inclusions, and react uni-
talline structure. Heat-treatable
lurgical treatment can be sup-
formly to heat treatment. Careful
steels intended to be processed
plied on request.
balancing of the chemical compo-
by cold upsetting or cold extru-
sition and special manufacturing
sion are usually supplied in the
and testing conditions allow the
ASC-annealed condition.
most varied machining and ser-
Machinability is mostly influenced
vice properties to be achieved,
by the strength, the micro-
e.g. high or very specific strength
structure and the non-metallic
or hardenability in conjunction
inclusions.
with high demands on toughness,
In general, it can be said that
ductility, etc.
machinability deteriorates with

increasing strength and tough-
Heat-treatable steels are predom-
ness. This is why ferritic-pearlitic
inantly used for mechanically
structures, for example, can be
highly stressed components, e.g.
more easily machined than
in automotive and general me-
bainitic or martensitic structures.
chanical engineering.
In cases involving extensive machining of components made of

high-strength steels (approx.
2
>1000 N/mm ), it can thus be

appropriate not to carry out
hardening and tempering until the
part has been pre-machined.
68
Heat treatment Schematic representation

Heat treatment
= Start of transformation
A Austenite range
Bainite range
The prerequisite for understanding
= End of transformation
F Ferrite range
Martensite range
P Pearlite range
the individual heat treatment

processes of heat-treatable steels
1000
(continous)
900
and the resulting structures is a

knowledge of the time-temperature-transformation (TTT) diagrams
or the cooling-time-temperaturetransformation (CTT) diagrams of
600
MS
AC 1
Stress relieving
500
300
Tempering
AC 1
700
400
AC 3
AC 3
800
4
M
200
100
the individual steel grades.
Time (log.)
Fig. 6
TTT-Diagram continous
Time in h (linear)
Fig. 7
Time-temperature diagram
The important heat treatment

processes for heat-treatable steels
Fig. 6: TTT diagram, continous
(acc. to DIN 17014) are shown
Fig. 7: Time-temperature diagram with linear abscissa
schematically in the isothermal and

continuous TTT diagrams (Figs. 6
Heat treatment processes,
Quenching and tempering (Q + T,
and 8) or in the temperature-time
illustrated in a TTT diagram
Curves 1 and 3)
profile with linear time axis (Figs. 7
Hardening with subsequent tem-
and 9).
Hardening (Q, Curve 1)
pering, usually above 550 C, in
Heat treatment consisting of
order to achieve the required com-
austenitising and cooling under
bination of mechanical properties.
conditions leading to an increase
It is particularly the aim to improve
in hardness due to more or less
the toughness in comparison with
complete transformation of the
the hardened state.
austenite into martensite and
Normalising (N, Curve 2)
possibly bainite.

austenitising at temperatures
about 50 C above AC3 and subsequent cooling in still air.
69
Stress relief annealing (Curve 4)
illustrated in a TTT diagram
illustrated in a temperature/
Annealing with the aim of reducing
with isothermal treatment
time profile with linear time
residual stresses without appre-
Isothermal transformation in the
axis
ciably changing the structure or
pearlite or bainite stage
Tempering (T, Curve 3)
mechanical properties.
(Curves 5 and 6)
Single or multiple heating of a
Soft annealing (A, Curve 7)
hardened workpiece to a given
Heat treatment for reducing the
austenitising, followed by cooling
temperature AC1, holding at this
hardness of a workpiece to values
to an appropriate temperature and
temperature and subsequent ap-
below a given limit.
holding at this temperature until
propriate cooling.
N.B.: Soft annealing should not be
the desired degree of transforma-
Annealing to spherical carbides
confused with annealing to spheri-
tion has been achieved. Further
(AC, Curves 8 and 9)
cal carbides.
cooling to room temperature can
Annealing with the aim of spheroid-
Special case: Annealing for
be carried out as desired. Depend-
ising the carbides. It usually com-
particular shearing (S) and sawing
ing on the transformation tempera-
prises extended holding at a tem-
properties.
ture involved, a distinction is made
perature near AC1, possibly fluctu-
between pearlitising (Curve 6) and
ating around this value.
bainitising (Curve 5).

1000
900
AC1
F
A
AC1
500
B
6
400
5
300
Temperature
Temperature in oC
700
600
AC3
AC3
800
ASC-annealing
7 Soft annealing
9
200
100
0
Time (log.)
A Austenite range
= End of transformation
F Ferrite range
M Martensite range
Fig. 8: TTT diagram, isothermal
70
= Start of transformation
range of intermediate structure
Time
Fig. 9: Schematic representation of the temperature/time profile for

annealing to spherical cementite (ASC) and soft annealing
Sampling according to
DIN EN 10083
Sampling of bar steel and wire rod
Round sections
d up to 25 mm 1)
Fig. 10
Square and rectangular sections

a over 25 mm
a up to 25 mm 1)
ba
ba
d over 25 mm
b
b
12
.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
d
b
2)
3)
3)
.5
12.5
12
d
d
12.5
Tensile specimen
12,5
notched bar impact specimen
1) For
thin products (d or b 25 mm) the specimen should,

as far as possible, consist of an unmachined part of the bar.
2) With
products having a round section, the longitudinal axle of the notch

should be generally in the direction of a diameter.
3)
With products having rectangular sections, the longitudinal axle of the notch
must be at right angles to the wider roll surface.
The values given for the mechani-
tempered or normalised heat-
cal properties in Figs. 1a-h and in
treated condition, taken in accor-
the material data sheets apply to
dance with Fig. 10.
samples in the quenched and
71
Ruling heat
treatment diameter
Determination of the ruling heat treatment diameter acc. to DIN EN 17201
Name
Sketch of
Product section
Round
section
(bar)
Square
section
(bar)
Oblong
section
(bar)
Equation for determining

the appropriate heat treatment
diameter
d = 1.1 a
d = 1.05
d=
one-end
= Inner diameter
ruling heat treatment section of a
a,b = edge length
Di
= Height
h Da 2-Di
Da -Di
2
Fd = Flange and shaft

or roll diameter
Fb = Flange and shaft
or roll width
ment section is always expressed

in the form of a diameter. This diameter corresponds to the diame-
This is a steel bar which, when
d = 2.5 W
W
cooled from the austenitisation

Fd
d=
temperature, has the same cooling
Fb2 D2
rate at the location of the crossFd
d = Fd
section envisaged for sampling as
Fb
Fd
(Fd-4 D
d=
d = Fd
the ruling section of the product in
+D)2 +Fb2
question at the point envisaged for
Fb
Schaft,
roll
Fd
sampling.
Fb
(bar)
Sw
(bar)
d = 1.03 Sw
d = 0.7 a
a
If two equations are available, both are used to calculate d. The lower
value of d is then used.
Fig. 11: Conversion formulas for determining the ruling heat treatment diameter d
for various geometries
72
mension for the ruling heat treat-
ter of an equivalent steel bar.
Centre
flange
Dreieck
are defined.
dimensions of the product, the dih
Fb
Triangle
which the mechanical properties
Sw = Hexagon width
double-end closed
hollow body
Shaft
end
product is the cross-section for
Regardless of the actual shape and
Di 80 mm
d=2
W
80 < Di 200 mm d = 1.75 W
200 < Di
d = 1.5 W
or
End
flange
Di
W = wall thickness
h Da 2-Di
d = 1.5
Da
Tube
d = 1.05
Di
According to DIN EN 10083, the
d = 1.5 h
Da
Ring
d = 1.5 h
d=
Di
d = 1.5 b
Disc with
hole
= Diameter
Da = Outer diameter
a
Disc
d=D
Fig. 11
In Fig. 6 equations are

quoted for the
determination of the
appropriate heat
treatment diameter d.
Permissible deviations between check analysis and ladle analysis
Table 4
means that, for a given melt, either the
upper or the lower limit of the range given
for the ladle analysis in Tables 2 and 3 may
be exceeded, but not both at once.
Element
Maximum permissible
content in the ladle analysis
% by weight
Deviation from limit1

% by weight
< 0.55
0.02
< 0.65
0.03
< 0.40
0.03
< 1.00
0.04
< 1.65
0.05
< 0.035
0.005
< 0.040
0.0052
< 2.00
0.05
< 2.20
0.10
< 0.30
0.03
< 0.50
0.04
< 2.00
0.05
< 4.10
0.07
< 0.25
0.02
C
> 0.55
Si
Mn
> 1.00
2
For steels with a range of 0.020 to 0.040%
sulphur according to the ladle analysis, the
deviation from the limit is 0.005%.
For check analysis, chips must be taken

uniformly over the whole cross-section of
the test piece.
Cr
> 2.00
Mo
> 0.30
Ni
> 2.00
V
73
Comparison of international standards

Comparison of the heat-treatable steels according to DIN EN 10083 or
DIN E 17201 and DIN 17212 with international designations and standards
Grade
Mat.
No.
Code name
according to
EN 10083-1
Thyrofort C 22 E
1.1151
C22E
Thyrofort C 35 E
1.1181
C35E
Thyrofort C 35 R
Thyrofort Cf 35
Thyrofort C 45 E
1.1180
1.1183
1.1191
C35R
C45E
Thyrofort
Thyrofort
Thyrofort
Thyrofort
Thyrofort
Thyrofort
1.1201
1.1193
1.1213
1.1203
1.1209
1.1221
C45R
C55E
C55R
C60E
Thyrofort C 60 R
Thyrofort 28 Mn 6
1.1223
1.1170
C60R
28Mn6
Thyrofort
Thyrofort
Thyrofort
Thyrofort
Thyrofort
Thyrofort
Thyrofort
Cr 2
CrS 2
Cr 4
CrS 4
Cr 4
CrS 4
Cr 4
1.7006
1.7025
1.7033
1.7037
1.7034
1.7038
1.7035
46Cr2
46CrS2
34Cr2
34CrS4
37Cr4
37CrS4
41Cr4
Thyrofort 41 CrS 4
Thyrofort 51 CrV 4
1.7039
1.8159
41CrS4
51CrV4
Thyrofort 25 CrMo 4
1.7218
25CrMo4
Thyrofort 34 CrMo 4
1.7213
1.7220
25CrMoS4
34CrMo4
Thyrofort 42 CrMo 4
1.7226
1.7225
34CrMoS4
42CrMo4
Thyrofort 50 CrMo 4
1.7227
1.7228
42CrMoS4
50CrMo4
1.7707
1.6511
1.6582
36CrNiMo4
34CrNiMo6
1.6580
30CrNiMo8
Thyrofort 36 NiCrMo 16
1.6773
36NiCrMo16
74
C 45 R
Cf 45
Cf 53
C 55 E
C 55 R
C 60 E
46
46
34
34
37
37
41
Other
German
standards
DIN E 17201 / DIN 17204 /
DIN 1652 T4 / SEW 550
DIN E 17201 / DIN 17204 /
DIN E 17240/ DIN 1652 T4 /
SEW 550
DIN 17204 / DIN 1652 T4
DIN 17212
DIN E 17201 / DIN 17204 /
DIN 1652 T4 / SEW 550
DIN 17204 / DIN 1652 T4
DIN 17212
DIN 17212
DIN 17204 / DIN 17222
DIN 17204 / DIN 17222
DIN E 17201 / DIN 17204 /
DIN E 17222 / DIN 1652 T4 /
SEW 550
DIN 17204 / DIN 1652 T4
DIN E 17201 / DIN 17204 /
DIN 1652 T4 / SEW 550
DIN 1652 T4 / DIN 1654 T4
DIN 1652 T4
DIN 1652 T4 / DIN 1654 T4
DIN 1652 T4
DIN 1652 T4 / DIN 1654 T4
DIN 1652 T4
DIN 17204 / DIN 1652 T4 /
DIN 1654 T4
DIN 1652 T4
DIN 17211 / DIN 17222 /
DIN 1652 T4
DIN E 17201 / DIN 17204 /
DIN 17176 / DIN 1652 T4 /
DIN 1654 T4
DIN 1652 T4
DIN E 17201 / DIN 17204 /
DIN 1652 T4 /
DIN 1654 T4 / SEW 550
DIN 1652 T4
DIN E 17201 / DIN 17204 /
DIN 1652 T4 /
DIN 1654 T4 / SEW 550
DIN 1652 T4
DIN E 17201 / DIN 1652 T4 /
SEW 550
DIN E 17201 / DIN 17204 /
DIN 1652 T4
DIN 17204 / DIN 1652 T4
DIN E 17201 / DIN 17204 /
DIN 1652 T4 /
DIN 1654 T4 / SEW 550
DIN E 17201 / DIN 17204 /
DIN 1652 T4 /
DIN 1654 T4 / SEW 550
Table 5
USA
Japan
AISI / SAE /ASTM 1020/1023 JIS S20C / S20CK / S22C

AISI / SAE /ASTM 1035/1038 JIS S35C
AISI / SAE /ASTM 1035
JIS S35C
JIS S45C / S45C
AISI / SAE /ASTM

AISI / SAE /ASTM
AISI / SAE /ASTM
AISI / SAE /ASTM
AISI / SAE /ASTM
AISI / SAE /ASTM
JIS
JIS
JIS
JIS
JIS
1049
1045
1050/1055
1055
1055
1060/1064

AISI / SAE /ASTM
AISI / SAE /ASTM
AISI / SAE /ASTM
AISI / SAE /ASTM
S50C
S45C
S50C
S55C
S58C
JIS SCMn1
5045 / 5046
5132
JIS SCr430(H)
5135
JIS SCr435(H)
5140
JIS SCr440(H)
AISI / SAE /ASTM 6145 / 6150 JIS SUP10

JIS SCM420 / SCM430 / SCCRM1
AISI / SAE /ASTM 4135 /4137 JIS SCM432 / SCM435(H)/SCCRM3
AISI / SAE /ASTM 4140 /4142 JIS SCM440(H)/SNB7
JIS SCM445(H)
SEW 550
AISI / SAE /ASTM 4340 / 9840
AISI / SAE /ASTM 4337 / 4340 JIS SNCM447
JIS SNCM431
Hardness comparison table

Tensile strength, Brinell,
Vickers and Rockwell hardness
Tensile
strength
Rm
N/mm2
255
270
285
305
320
335
350
370
385
400
415
430
450
465
480
495
510
530
545
560
575
595
610
625
640
660
675
690
705
720
740
755
770
785
800
820
835
850
865
880
900
915
930
950
965
995
1030
1060
1095
1125
1155
1190
1220
1255
1290
1320
1350
1385
1420
1455
1485
1520
1555
1595
1630
1665
1700
1740
1775
1810
1845
1880
1920
1955
1995
Brinell hardness
Ball indentation mm
d
HB
6.63
6.45
6.30
6.16
6.01
5.90
5.75
5.65
5.54
5.43
5.33
5.26
5.16
5.08
4.99
4.93
4.85
4.79
4.71
4.66
4.59
4.53
4.47
4.43
4.37
4.32
4.27
4.22
4.18
4.13
4.08
4.05
4.01
3.97
3.92
3.89
3.86
3.82
3.78
3.75
3.72
3.69
3.66
3.63
3.60
3.54
3.49
3.43
3.39
3.34
3.29
3.25
3.21
3.17
3.13
3.09
3.06
3.02
2.99
2.95
2.92
2.89
2.86
2.83
2.81
2.78
2.75
2.73
2.70
2.68
2.66
2.63
2.60
2.59
2.57
76.0
80.7
85.5
90.2
95.0
99.8
105
109
114
119
124
128
133
138
143
147
152
156
162
166
171
176
181
185
190
195
199
204
209
214
219
223
228
233
238
242
247
252
257
261
266
271
276
280
285
295
304
314
323
333
342
352
361
371
380
390
399
409
418
428
437
447
(456)
(466)
(475)
(485)
(494)
(504)
(513)
(523)
(532)
(542)
(551)
(561)
(570)
Rockwell hardness
Vickers
hardness
HV
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
185
190
195
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
300
310
320
330
340
350
360
370
380
390
400
410
420
430
440
450
460
470
480
490
500
510
520
530
540
550
560
570
580
590
600
HRB
41.0
48.0
52.0
56.2
62.3
66.7
71.2
75.0
78.7
81.7
85.0
87.1
89.5
91.5
92.5
93.5
94.0
95.0
96.0
96.7
98.1
99.5
(101)
(102)
(104)
(105)
HRC
HR 30 N
20.3
21.3
22.2
23.1
24.0
24.8
25.6
26.4
27.1
27.8
28.5
29.2
29.8
31.0
32.2
33.3
34.4
35.5
36.6
37.7
38.8
39.8
40.8
41.8
42.7
43.6
44.5
45.3
46.1
46.9
47.7
48.4
49.1
49.8
50.5
51.1
51.7
52.3
53.0
53.6
54.1
54.7
55.2
41.7
42.5
43.4
44.2
45.0
45.7
46.4
47.2
47.8
48.4
49.0
49.7
50.2
51.3
52.3
53.6
54.4
55.4
56.4
57.4
58.4
59.3
60.2
61.1
61.9
62.7
63.5
64.3
64.9
65.7
66.4
67.1
67.7
68.3
69.0
69.5
70.0
70.5
71.2
71.7
72.1
72.7
73.2
Tensile
strength
Rm
N/mm2
Brinell hardness
Ball
indentation
mm d
HB
2030
2070
2105
2145
2180
2.54
2.52
2.51
2.49
2.47
Rockwell hardness
Vickers
hardness
(580)
(589)
(599)
(608)
(618)
HV
HRB
HRC
HR 30 N
610
620
630
640
650
660
670
680
690
700
720
740
760
780
800
820
840
860
880
900
920
940
55.7
56.3
56.8
57.3
57.8
58.3
58.8
59.2
59.7
60.1
61.0
61.8
62.5
63.3
64.0
64.7
65.3
65.9
66.4
67.0
67.5
68.0
73.7
74.2
74.6
75.1
75.5
75.9
76.4
76.8
77.2
77.6
78.4
79.1
79.7
80.4
81.1
81.7
82.2
82.7
83.1
83.6
84.0
84.4
Conversions of hardness values using this conversion table are only approximate.
See DIN 50 150, December 1976.
Tensile strength
N/mm2
Rm
Brinell hardness1)
1)
Calculated from:
HB = 0.95 HV
Diameter of the
ball indentation in mm
(0.102 F/D2 = 30)

D = 10
Hardness
value =
Vickers hardness
Diamond pyramid
Test forces 50 N
HV
Rockwell hardness
Ball 1.588 mm (1/16)

Total test force = 98 N
HRB
Diamond cone
HRC
0.102 2 F
D (D D2 d2)
Diamond cone
HB
HR 30 N
75
Forms supplied
Product
Bar steel
and round
billets for
tubemaking
rolled
Dimensions
55 250 mm dia.
Tolerances
Dia. or edge length
Lengths
Straightness
DIN 1013
Subject to
purchase
order
80 mm:
4.0 mm/m
> 200 mm dia. standard incompany tolerance, closer

tolerance on request
Sharp-edged
50 103 mm square
DIN 1014
Flat:
Width: 80 510 mm
Thickness:
25 160 mm
Width/thickness
ratio 10:1 max
DIN 1017
up to 150 mm width and
60 mm thickness;
over 150 mm width
standard in-company tolerance
Sheet bars
rolled with
bulbous narrow face
Width:
25 160 mm
Tolerance on request
Semis
rolled
50 320 mm square,
rising in 1 mm increments
Special:*)
+100/-0
> 80 mm:
2.5 mm/m
Lengths/
weights
4.0 10 m, Hot-sawn
other lengths or hot abrasion request
ve-cut
Special:*)
100 mm +/- 1%
of edge length
As-supplied
condition
Surface finish
Untreated
Rough-peeled finish
available for 52 Cold-sheara240 mm
ble
Max. permissible
Special:*)
Cold-sawable surface defect depCold-sawn,
ths:
cold abrasive- Normalized
cut
Round: 1% max. of
Treated to
dia. + 0.05 mm
ferrite-pearlite
Square: 1% max. of
structure
edge length
Treated to
Flat: 1.5% max. of
hardness
width, 2.0% max. of
range
thickness
Soft-annealed
Special:*)
Spheroidize- Smaller surface
defect depth on
annealed
request
Stress-relieved
< 1000 mm2:

4.0 mm/m
> 1000 mm2:
2.5 mm/m
Special:*)
Specially
straightened
Thickness:
80 550 mm
< 210 mm +/- 2%
> 210 mm +/- 3%
of edge length
End
condition
210 mm
square:
hot-sawn
or hot abrasive-cut
Standard:
6 mm/m
Special:*)
4 mm/m
> 210 mm
square:
hot-sheared
> 100 mm 210 mm

+/- 1.5% of edge length
Special:*)
Cold abrasivecut, cold-sawn
Quenched
Edge radius:
and tempered
< 210 mm - 12-18%
of edge length
> 210 mm: without
defined edge radius
Max. perm. surface
defect depth:
140 mm sq.
0.3 mm max.
> 140 - 200 mm sq.
0.6 mm max.
> 200 mm sq.
visible defects eliminated
Bar steel
and semis
forged
65 750 mm dia.
DIN 7527
265 650 mm
square
Bar steel:
to DIN within
the tolerance
limit
flat: on request
Bright steel
peeled
52 400 mm dia.
ISA Tol. 11 or comparable

tolerance
peeled and
polished
52 300 mm dia.
ISA Tol. 11 or comparable

tolerance
ground
52 100 mm dia.
As-cast
ingots/c.c.
blooms
Open-die
forgings
on request
Semis:
as-forged
straightness
ISA-Tol. 8 or comparable
tolerance
As-peeled
straightness
2 mm/m,
1 mm/m or
closer as a
function of
dimensions
on request
Lengths as
a function of
dimensions
and heattreatment
condition
on request
Hot abrasivecut or coldsawn
3 - 10 m, on
request 30 m
max. as a
function of
dia. and
max. bar
dead weight
of 7 t
Hot-sawn/hot
abrasive-cut
38m
Forgings forged to
shape on request
(drawing)
*) Special finishes subject to further inquiry (partly dependent on quality, dimensions and condition)
76
Special:*)
Cold abrasivecut
Special:*)
Cold-sawn/
abrasive-cut
Dimensions 50
- 105 mm with
round chamfer
30 or 45,
chamfer width
approx. 5 -12
mm, other
widths by arrangement
Special:*)
- Rough-peeled
- Turned
- Milled
Technically crack-free
condition e.g. eddycurrent tested or
comparable technique, defined depth
of roughness and suitable packaging by
special arrangement
Temperature Comparison
Chart
X = particular
X 273
9 /5 (X273) + 32
measured
9 /5 X + 32
X + 273
temperature
5 /9 (X32)
5 /9 (X32) + 273
0,00
380,00
716,00
653,15
910,00
1670,00
1183,15
454,00
3,15
390,00
743,00
663,15
920,00
1688,00
1193,15
328,00
73,15
400,00
752,00
673,15
930,00
1706,00
1203,15
150,00
238,00
123,15
410,00
770,00
683,15
940,00
1724,00
1213,15
100,00
148,00
173,15
420,00
788,00
693,15
950,00
1742,00
1223,15
90,00
130,00
183,15
430,00
806,00
703,15
960,00
1760,00
1233,15
80,00
112,00
193,15
440,00
824,00
713,15
970,00
1778,00
1243,15
70,00
94,00
203,15
450,00
842,00
723,15
980,00
1796,00
1253,15
60,00
76,00
213,15
460,00
860,00
733,15
990,00
1814,00
1263,15
50,00
58,00
223,15
470,00
878,00
743,15
1000,00
1832,00
1273,15
40,00
40,00
233,15
480,00
896,00
753,15
1010,00
1850,00
1283,15
30,00
22,00
243,15
490,00
914,00
763,15
1020,00
1868,00
1393,15
20,00
4,00
253,15
500,00
932,00
773,15
1030,00
1886,00
1303,15
17,78
0,00
255,37
510,00
950,00
783,15
1040,00
1904,00
1313,15
10,00
14,00
263,15
520,00
968,00
793,15
1050,00
1922,00
1323,15
0,00
32,00
273,15
530,00
986,00
803,15
1060,00
1940,00
1333,15
10,00
50,00
283,15
540,00
1004,00
813,15
1070,00
1958,00
1343,15
20,00
68,00
293,15
550,00
1022,00
823,15
1080,00
1976,00
1353,15
30,00
86,00
303,15
560,00
1040,00
833,15
1090,00
1994,00
1363,15
40,00
104,00
313,15
570,00
1058,00
843,15
1100,00
2012,00
1373,15
50,00
122,00
323,15
580,00
1076,00
853,15
1110,00
2030,00
1383,15
60,00
140,00
333,15
590,00
1094,00
863,15
1120,00
2048,00
1393,15
70,00
158,00
343,15
600,00
1112,00
873,15
1130,00
2066,00
1403,15
80,00
176,00
353,15
610,00
1130,00
883,15
1140,00
2084,00
1413,15
90,00
194,00
363,15
620,00
1148,00
893,15
1150,00
2102,00
1423,15
100,00
212,00
373,15
630,00
1166,00
903,15
1160,00
2120,00
1433,15
110,00
230,00
383,15
640,00
1184,00
913,15
1170,00
2138,00
1443,15
120,00
248,00
393,15
650,00
1202,00
923,15
1180,00
2156,00
1453,15
130,00
266,00
403,15
660,00
1220,00
933,15
1190,00
2174,00
1463,15
140,00
284,00
413,15
670,00
1238,00
943,15
1200,00
2192,00
1473,15
150,00
302,00
423,15
680,00
1256,00
953,15
1210,00
2210,00
1483,15
160,00
320,00
433,15
690,00
1274,00
963,15
1220,00
2228,00
1493,15
170,00
338,00
443,15
700,00
1292,00
973,15
1230,00
2246,00
1503,15
180,00
356,00
453,15
710,00
1310,00
983,15
1240,00
2264,00
1513,15
190,00
374,00
463,15
720,00
1328,00
993,15
1250,00
2282,00
1523,15
200,00
392,00
473,15
730,00
1346,00
1003,15
1260,00
2300,00
1533,15
210,00
410,00
483,15
740,00
1364,00
1013,15
1270,00
2318,00
1543,15
220,00
428,00
493,15
750,00
1382,00
1023,15
1280,00
2336,00
1553,15
230,00
446,00
503,15
760,00
1400,00
1033,15
1290,00
2354,00
1563,15
240,00
464,00
513,15
770,00
1418,00
1043,15
1300,00
2372,00
1573,15
250,00
482,00
523,15
780,00
1436,00
1053,15
1310,00
2390,00
1583,15
260,00
500,00
533,15
790,00
1454,00
1063,15
1320,00
2408,00
1593,15
270,00
518,00
543,15
800,00
1472,00
1073,15
1330,00
2426,00
1603,15
280,00
536,00
553,15
810,00
1490,00
1083,15
1340,00
2444,00
1613,15
290,00
554,00
563,15
820,00
1508,00
1093,15
1350,00
2462,00
1623,15
300,00
572,00
573,15
830,00
1526,00
1103,15
1360,00
2480,00
1633,15
310,00
590,00
583,15
840,00
1544,00
1113,15
1370,00
2498,00
1643,15
320,00
608,00
593,15
850,00
1562,00
1123,15
1380,00
2516,00
1653,15
330,00
626,00
603,15
860,00
1580,00
1133,15
1390,00
2234,00
1663,15
340,00
644,00
613,15
870,00
1598,00
1143,15
1400,00
2552,00
1673,15
350,00
662,00
623,15
880,00
1616,00
1153,15
1500,00
2732,00
1783,15
360,00
680,00
633,15
890,00
1634,00
1163,15
2000,00
3632,00
2273,15
370,00
698,00
643,15
900,00
1652,00
1173,15
2500,00
4532,00
2773,15
273,15
459,67
270,00
200,00
77
List of photos
78
Page
Source
Object/Motif
Cover
03
04
4 5
4 5
5
6
6 7
7
8
8
8 9
9
10
10
10 11
10 11
10
11
11
11
11
11
Alfing
Steinmetz
MAN, B&W
Company photo
Company photo, Siemens
Company photo
Thyssen Umformtechnik
Alfing
Steinmetz
Company photo
Company photo
Steinmetz
Company photo
Bavaria
Imagine
MAN
Shuton
PSA Peugot Citroen
DAF
Doppelmayr
Mannesmann
Company photo
Image
Crankshaft
Crankshaft
Ships engine
Forge
Turbine shaft
Team meeting
Crankshaft
Crankshaft
Chips
Bar steel warehouse
Bar steel warehouse
Rudder spindles
Bar steel warehouse
Landing gear
Oil tanker
Ships engine
Recirculating ball screw
Peugot 607
XF95 truck
Chairlift
High-pressure tubes
Sliding sleeve
Ariane launcher
12
12
12 13
12
13
13
13
13
13
13
14
14
15
15
16
16
16
16 17
17
17
17
Company photo
Atlas Copco
Mannesmann Rhrenwerke
Company photo
Baker Hughes
Company photo
Schwellis/Peddinghaus
Schwellis/Peddinghaus
Company photo
Worthington Heiser
Company photo
Company photo
Company photo
Company photo
Company photo
Company photo
Company photo
Company photo
Carlow
Company photo
Company photo
Wheel loader
Demolition hammer
Continuous tube mill
Sliding sleeve
Oil tool
Drilling rig
BMW suspension
Ripper tips/Excavator tooth
Axle stub
Gas cylinders
Electric arc furnace
Vacuum plant
Continuous casting plant
ESR plant
Control room, 3000 t press
Forging bar steel
Blooming mill
Forging, 3000 t press
Peeling machine
Bar steel warehouse
Forging, 3000 t press
General note (liability)

All statements regarding the properties
or utilisation of the materials or products
mentioned are for the purposes of
description only. Guarantees regarding
the existence of certain properties or a
certain utilisation are only ever valid if
agreed upon in writing.
79
THYROFORT
THYROFORT
THYROFORT
THYROFORT
THYROFORT
THYROFORT
Heat-treatable steels
Sales - Heat-treatable steels
Tel. (+49) 2302/294346 Fax (+49) 2302/294687 0 23 0
E-mail: ressing@ewkgmbh.de

Auestrae 4, 58452 Witten/Germany Tel. (+49) 2302/294307 Fax (+49) 2302/294308
E-mail: dr.sobottka@ewk.thyssen.com Internet: www.edelstahl-witten-krefeld.de
c1/00
Quality Department
Tel. (+49) 2302/294020 Fax (+49) 2302/2944363 02/29 44 36
Tel. (+49) 2151/832046 Fax (+49) 2151/834156

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EDELSTAHL WITTEN-KREFELD GMBH

Special engineering steels

Overview of grades and chemical composition

Minimum yield points and tensile strength ranges

Material data sheets

Thyrofort The basics

Heat treatment Schematic representation

Sampling according to DIN EN 10083

Ruling heat treatment diameter

Comparison of international standards

Hardness comparison table

A tough type through and

Wherever machines and their

Heat-treatable steels acquire

components have to withstand

their high yield point, tensile

high dynamic stresses, the use of

strength and fatigue strength

special, high-performance steel

(combined with great toughness!)

grades is essential. If a compo-

by being hardened and tempered

nent breaks, the machine grinds to

at above 450 C but below the

a halt, the entire installation has to

be stopped! Choosing the opti-

temperature. The great strength of

mum steel for the respective com-

our Thyrofort steels is their opti-

ponent is of decisive importance

mum adaptation to the respective

for productivity, cost-efficiency

and, above all, for safety. Thyrofort

Optimum full quenching and tem-

is our brand name for high-

pering is guaranteed by choosing

strength heat-treatable steels.

the suitable steel as a function of

the workpiece cross-section.

steels, these grades have a higher

The extraordinary purity and the

carbon content in the region of

homogeneity of the microstructure

about 0.20 to 0.60%. While case-

ensure consistent mechanical

hardened steels have a hard case

properties, even with large cross-

and a tough core, heat-treated

steels are characterized by high

strength all the way from the case

position to supply round billets of

up to 750 mm diameter and ma-

These two types of steel are a

chined material of up to 400 mm

perfect match in large gearboxes:

diameter. In this context, the

the gearwheels are made of case-

strength and toughness can be

hardened steel, while heat-treated

specifically adjusted and combined

steel is used for the shafts.

to meet the demands on the respective component.

through if you have big things in mind

by its chemical composition and