Description of the IEEE Hybrid Model

The IEEE hybrid model consists of the IEEE 39 bus transmission system whose 12 of the 19 loads are
modeled using the IEEE 123 bus distribution feeders. At each of these 12 transmission load buses, the
lumped load is replaced by a distribution circuit that contains 8 IEEE 123 bus distribution feeders
connected in a sectionalized bus configuration as shown in Fig. 1. Thus the hybrid model has 96 IEEE 123
bus feeders and 1 IEEE 39 bus transmission system. Table 1 summarizes the number of components
modeled in the hybrid model.
Fig. 1: Distribution Substation Configuration in the Hybrid Model

Table 1: Components in the Hybrid Model

Component
Distribution Feeders
1-Phase Lines
2-Phase Lines
3-Phase Lines
3-Phase Underground Cables
Transformers

Quantity
96
5,280
288
5,280
480
134

Component
Breakers/Switches
1-Phase Loads
2-Phase Loads
3-Phase Loads
Voltage Regulators
Shunt Capacitors

Quantity
1,154
7,584
96
500
384
384

Fig. 2 shows the IEEE 39 bus transmission system. Fig. 3 shows the entire schematic of the hybrid model
using both the hybrid model building approaches (in approach 1 the T&D systems are physically connected
together; in approach 2 the T&D systems interact by sharing data between transmission load buses and
distribution sources and there is no physical connection between the T&D systems). Fig. 4 zooms on to
transmission load bus 12 and shows the transmission load bus and the corresponding distribution source
with which the two models interact in the second approach.

Fig. 2. IEEE 39 bus system

Fig. 3: Hybrid Model Schematic built using the Two Approaches

Distribution circuit built with 8 IEEE 123 bus
distribution feeders (physical connection with
the transmission bus)

IEEE 39 bus
transmission system

a. Hybrid Model built using Approach 1

Distribution circuit built with 8 IEEE 123 bus

distribution feeders (No physical connection
with the transmission bus)

IEEE 39 bus
transmission system

b. Hybrid Model built using Second Approach

Fig. 4: Transmission Load Bus and Distribution Source for Bus 12 (bus 12 of Fig. 2) in the Hybrid Model
built using the Second Approach

Transmission Load Bus ID

Transmission load received from

the Distribution Source
Transmission Load
Bus
Distribution Source ID

Dialog box of the

Transmission Load Bus

a. Transmission Load Bus 12

Distribution Source ID

Distribution source voltage received

from the Transmission Load Bus
Voltage

Distribution Source

Transmission Load Bus ID

Dialog box of the Distribution
Source

b. Distribution Circuit and its Source that Assumes the Lumped Load of Transmission Bus 12
IEEE 39 Bus System Lumped Load Scaling: It was observed that voltages at various buses (e.g., 112, 113
and 114) in the IEEE 123 bus distribution feeder become less than 0.9 p.u. even with the regulators
controlling the voltage when the loads are increased by 3-3.5 times their original values. Therefore, each
IEEE distribution feeder can be made to supply a maximum load of about 13 MW as the original power
flowing through the substation of the feeder is 3.6 MW1. This implies that the maximum load that each 8
feeder distribution circuit described above can carry is about 105 MW. Since in the hybrid model we
intended to restrict the number of distribution circuits to one per transmission load bus, we decided to
scale down the nominal load (load at the rated bus voltage) of the IEEE 39 bus system by 90%. However,
since the IEEE 39 bus system loads were assigned the constant impedance load model, the actual loading
of the transmission buses changed by more or less than 90% depending on their bus voltages. The actual
original and scaled loads are shown in Table 2.
Distributing Scaled Transmission Loads on the 8 Feeder Distribution circuit: The IEEE 123 bus distribution
feeder includes ZIP loads which makes the actual power flowing through the distribution substation
different from the summation of nominal load values. Therefore, the factors by which the nominal loads
of the distribution circuit needed to be scaled to accommodate the scaled transmission lumped loads
could not be directly calculated and a few iterations were conducted to find the factors that will make the
total distribution load close to the scaled transmission lumped load. Moreover, the transmission lumped
load was balanced but the IEEE 123 bus distribution feeder loading was unbalanced. Therefore, while
identifying the scaling factors the loading of individual phases was ignored and only the total loading of
the three phases was considered. Table 2 shows the total loading of the 12 distribution circuits which
replaced the scaled transmission lumped loads while Table 3 shows the individual phase loading.

Distribution Test Feeders - http://ewh.ieee.org/soc/pes/dsacom/testfeeders/

Table 2: Original and Scaled IEEE 39 Bus Transmission System Lumped Loads and Loading of 12
Distribution Circuits that replaced the Transmission Lumped Loads
Original 39 Bus System

Bus #

kW
343,182
507,198
235,138
523,634
8,605
329,026
347,975
167,687
701,787
290,794
269,943
330,272
247,362
152,786
300,801
226,613
312,044
9,200
1,169,984
6,474,031

03
04
07*
08
12
15
16
18
20
21
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
31
39
Total

Scaled 39 Bus System

kVar

kW
37,814
58,214
26,956
60,113
984
37,522
38,602
18,679
74,128
32,109
28,773
36,243
26,137
16,782
33,731
24,445
33,004
920
117,014
702,170

1,830
185,384
83,968
175,408
87,628
156,277
33,277
31,398
104,908
121,270
91,713
-99,617
51,791
18,313
79,955
29,818
28,974
4,600
265,015
1,451,910

kVar
247
21,347
9,654
20,200
10,113
17,885
3,749
3,526
11,208
13,444
9,821
-10,872
5,501
2,035
9,018
3,252
3,112
460
26,643
160343

Hybrid Model Loads as seen at

Transmission Buses
kW
kVar
37,850
250
58,218
21,361
27,942
9,204
60,123
20,216
969
10,075
39,119
18,003
41,010
2,979
27,942
9,204
74,120
11,184
33,637
13,192
30,103
9,437
36,259
-10,882
27,285
4,965
18,130
1,421
35,940
8,722
25,787
2,694
34,587
2,571
919
460
116,911
26,555
726,851
161,611

Bus numbers in red correspond to the transmission load buses where the lumped loads were replaced by the 8 feeder
distribution circuit

Table 3: Three Phase Loads as seen at the Transmission Buses in the Hybrid Model
kW
Bus #
03

Phase A

Phase B

kVAR
Phase C

Total

Phase A

12,620

37,850

19,442

19,408

58,218

7,108

8,481

10,644

27,942

4,321

20,007

20,074

20,041

60,122

-286

451

803

12,589

04

19,368

07

8,817

08
12

12,641

Phase B

Phase C

Total

83

251

7,134

7,120

21,362

2,029

2,854

9,204

6,728

6,750

6,738

20,216

968

3,556

2,738

3,781

10,075

7,779

4,418

5,806

18,003
2,979

84

84

15

12,184

11,928

15,006

39,118

16

13,370

12,319

15,321

41,010

2,741

-103

341

18

8,817

8,481

10,644

27,942

4,321

2,029

2,854

9,204

3,726

3,731

3,728

11,185

5,913

3,102

4,177

13,192

20

24,691

24,722

24,707

74,120

21

10,553

10,231

12,854

33,638

23

9,526

9,128

11,449

30,103

4,487

2,054

2,895

9,436

24

12,052

12,117

12,091

36,260

-3,616

-3,636

-3,630

-10,882

25

8,752

8,238

10,295

27,285

2,848

777

1,340

4,965

1,275

-117

263

1,421

26

5,801

5,476

6,852

18,129

27

11,468

10,876

13,597

35,941

4,487

1,721

2,515

8,723

28

8,321

7,771

9,696

25,788

2,017

127

550

2,694

12,932

34,587

2,332

-84

322

2,570

153

153

153

459

8,852

8,852

8,851

26,555

29

11,264

10,391

31

306

306

306

918

39

38,970

38,976

38,964

116,910

Dynamic Parameters for the IEEE 39 Bus Transmission System Power Plants
Table 4: Synchronous Generator Parameters (GENROU Model)2
Parameters

Gen 30

Gen 31

Gen 32

Gen 33

Gen 34

Gen 35

Gen 36

Gen 37

Gen 38

Gen 39

Rating (MW)

400

700

700

700

600

700

600

600

800

1500

T'd0

5.7

7.8

5.69

5.4

7.3

5.66

6.7

4.79

4.79

10.2

T''d0

0.38

0.021

0.3793

0.36

0.4867

0.3773

0.4467

0.3193

0.68

0.08

T'q0

1.5

0.404

1.5

0.44

0.4

1.5

0.41

1.96

1.96

0.2

T''q0

0.25

0.06

0.25

0.0733

0.0667

0.25

0.0683

0.3267

0.33

0.03

35.8

24

28.6

26

34.8

26.4

24.3

34.5

34.5

42

Xd

0.2495

2.1

0.262

0.67

0.254

0.295

0.29

0.2106

0.2106

0.1

Xq

0.237

1.8

0.258

0.62

0.241

0.292

0.28

0.205

0.205

0.069

X'd

0.0531

0.25

0.0436

0.132

0.05

0.049

0.057

0.057

0.057

0.031

X'q

0.0876

0.27

0.166

0.166

0.0814

0.186

0.0911

0.0587

0.0587

0.021

X''d

0.004248

0.01

0.003488

0.01056

0.004

0.00392

0.00456

0.00456

0.00248

0.0011

X''q

0.004248

0.01

0.003488

0.01056

0.004

0.00392

0.00456

0.00456

0.00248

0.0011

Xl

0.00304

0.0171

0.00295

0.0054

0.00224

0.00322

0.0028

0.00298

0.00125

0.0008

S(1.0)

0.081

0.165

0.081

0.081

0.081

0.081

0.081

0.081

0.081

0.34

S(1.2)

0.271

0.414

0.271

0.271

0.271

0.271

0.271

0.271

0.271

1.12

Ra

rcomp

xcomp

Table 5: Exciter Parameters (ST1A)

Parameter
tr
vimax
vimin
tc
tb
ka
ta
vrmax
vrmin

Value
0.01
0.1
-0.1
1.5
7.0
140
0.008
6.18
0.7

Parameter
kc
kf
tf
tc1
tb1
klr
vamax
vamin
Ilr

Value
0.065
0
0
0
0
0
99
-99
99

Many of these parameters were obtained from the following reference. Since the reference assumes the two-axis
model for generators, additional parameters had to be added to obtain the GENROU model parameters:
IEEE 10 Generator 39 Bus System, [Online]. Available: http://sys.elec.kitami-it.ac.jp/ueda/demo/WebPF/39New-England.pdf