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would proportionately add up to upset this fine proportion. It should also be borne in mind that the temple
was covered with earth as it grew up course by course as a ramp was constructed around it, which was the
technique of construction adopted by them to build the temple due to the height involved . Therefore,
checking and cross-checking the height from the bottom during the construction could not have been easily
possible. There must have been an ingenious system in place to control the level of each course. However,
another possibility was that the main vimna was built first and the prakra was laid according to the height.
In either case the accuracy in execution is immense.
On the other hand, the architect of the Gagai temple had the experience gained at Tanjavur for the designing
and execution of his endeavour. In spite of the experience obtained at Tajvr temple, the architect of
Gagai temple, surprisingly, did not attempt to build a taller edifice, leaving the record to Tajvr temple,
as the height of the Gagai temple is shorter by 8.78m at 51.04m, when compared to Tajvr temple. This
must have been intentional because a taller tower
Fig. 3 Proportion between plan and elevation of the Brihadisvara temples, Tajvr (top) and Gagai
(bottom) (after Pierre Pichard)
was practically possible as the width of the base was far greater than that of Tanjavur.
Proportional relation between the vimna and gpuras
Further, the design of the Tajvr temple incorporates another significant feature which determined the
height of the gpuras. The Rjarjan- tiruvyil measures 24.17m (Fig. 3). The line that emerges from the
centre of the sanctum at an angle of 45 passes exactly through the apex of the inner and outer gpuras.
Similarly, the line drawn from the summit of the tower to the top to the summit of the inner gpura would
touch down the ground at a distance, five times half the width of the principal rectangle. These observations
indicate the flawless design and the ability of the architect in executing them.
The relative proportion of the height of the gpura and the sanctum could not be ascertained at Gagai and
compared with the relationship observed at Tajvr, because the gpura of Gagai had collapsed in the
early 1900s. However, judging from an old photograph of the gpura, it could be seen that it was similar in
design to the inner gpura of this temple6.
This scheme of building a gpura of lesser height than that of the sanctum was faithfully followed in all the
major temples built by the Cholas. This facilitated in the creation of an elegant and majestic vision of the
towers of the sanctum, as they were not dwarfed by other units. During the Vijayanagara, Nyaka and later
periods, this concept was reversed by increasing the height of the gpura over that of the sanctum tower, the
beauty and majesty of the inner vimna of the main sanctum was dwarfed completely and swept away of
visibility from the outside of the prakra wall.