Comprehension-7

The first law of thermodynamics is the law of conservation of energy. It states that if a system
absorbs heat dQ and as a result the internal energy of the system changes by dU and the system
does a work dW, then dQ = dU - dW.
But, dW = -P dV
dQ = dU + P dV
which is the mathematical statement of first law of thermodynamics.
Heat gained by a system, work done on a system and increase in internal energy are
taken as positive.
Heat lost by a system, work done by a system and decrease in internal energy are
taken as negative.
Pressure of a fluid is a linear function of volume P a bV and the internal energy of fluid is
U 34 3PV ( S .I .unit ) .Find a,b,w, U and q for change in state from

Q.1

(100 Pa,3m3 )to(400 Pa, 6m3 ) .

Q.2

What is the change in internal energy when a gas contracts from 377 ml to 177 ml under a
constant pressure of 1520 torr, while at the same time being cooled by removing 124 J heat?
[Take : (1 L atm) = 100 J ]
(A) 24 J
(B) 84 J
(C) 164 J
(D) 248 J

Q.3

An ideal gas is taken around the cycle ABCDA as shown in figure. The net work done during
the cycle is equal to :
P2 B

P
P1

C
V1

(A) zero (B) positive

V2

(C) negative

(D)we cannot predict

What is U for the process described by figure. Heat supplied during the process q = 100 kJ.

Q.4

(A) + 50 kJ

(B) 50 kJ

(C) 150 kJ

(D) + 150 kJ

Answers
1.

a 200, b 100, w 750, U 6300 J , q 7050 J

2.(b)

3.(a)

4.(b)