Comprehension-2

Enthalpy of atomisation (H atm. ) :-

Change in enthalpy when 1 mole of substance is converted

into gaseous atoms. It is defined for reactants.

H2 ( g ) 2H ( g ); a H 0 435.0KJ / mol
CH4 ( g ) C( g ) 4H ( g ); a H 0 1665KJ / mol
Na(s) Na( g ); a H 0 108.4KJ / mol
For third reaction enthalpy of atomisation is same as the enthalpy of sublimation.
Chemical reactions involve the breaking & making of chemical bonds .Energy is required to break a
bond & energyis released when a bond is formed.Thus,

r H B.E.(Re ac tan ts) B.E.(Pr oducts) ........................(1)

With reference to the enthalpy changes associated with chemical bonds ,two different terms are
used in thermodynamics
(i)
(ii)

Bond dissociation enthalpy

Mean bond enthalpy

The bond dissociation enthalpy is the change in enthalpy when 1 mole of covalent bonds of a
gaseous covalent compound is broken to form products in the gas phase . For ex.

O2 ( g ) 2O( g ); oo H 0 428KJmol 1
In the case of polyatomic molecules,bond dissociation enthalpy is different for different bonds
within the same molecule.

CH4 ( g ) C( g ) 4H ( g ); a H 0 1665KJmol 1
In such cases we use mean bond enthalpy of C H bond ( C H H 0 ) =
Thus, B.E.(C H )

a H 0
4

1665
416 KJmol 1
4

Remember: Relation (1) is approximate and is valid when all substances(reactants &
products)in the reaction are in gaseous state
Q.1

Estimate the average SF bond enthalpy in SF6. The Hf values of SF6 (g), S(g), and F (g) are
1100 , 275 and 80 kJ/mol respectively.
[JEE 99, 5]
Ans. 309.6 kJ/mol

Q.2

If x1 , x2 and x3 are enthalpies of HH, O=O and OH bonds respectively, and x4 is the
enthalpy of vaporisation of water, estimate the standard enthalpy of combustion of
hydrogen

(A) x1

x2
2 x3 x4
2

Q.3

What is the ratio of the enthalpy yield on combustion of hydrogen atoms to steam to the
yield on combustion of an equal mass of hydrogen molecules to steam?
Given : H2(g) + O2(g) H2O(g) H = 242 kJ
B.E. (H H) = 436 kJ
(A) 0.80 : 1
(B) 1 : 0.80
(C) 1.80 : 1
(D*) 2.80 : 1

Q.4

The reaction CH4(g) + Cl2(g) CH3Cl(g) + HCl(g) has H = 25 kCal.

(B*) x1

x2
x
2 x3 x4 (C) x1 2 x3 x4
2
2

(D) x1

x2
2 x3 x4
2

Bond
Bond Energy
kCal
CCl
84
HCl
103
CH
x
ClCl
y
x:y= 9 :5
From the given data, what is the bond enthalpy of ClCl bond
(A) 70 kCal
(B) 80 kCal
(C) 67.75 kCal

Q.5

(D*) 57.75 kCal

Compute the resonance energy of gaseous benzene from the following data.
B.E. (C H) = 416.3 kJ mol1
B.E.(C C) = 331.4 kJ mol1
B.E.(C = C) = 591.1 kJ mol1

sub
C, graphite = 718.4 kJ mol -1

H diss
H 2 , g = 435.9 kJ mol -1

H f benzene, g = 82.9 kJ mol -1

Q.6

Ans. 269.7 kJ mol1.

Calculate R.E. of nitrous oxide (N = N = O) from following data

H f ( N2O) 82 KJ mol1
B.E. (N N) 946 KJ mol1; B.E. (N = N) 418 KJ mol1
B.E. (O = O) 498 KJ mol1 ; B.E. (N = 0) 607 KJ mole1

[Ans. 88 kJ mole1]