SEMBODAI RUKMANI VARATHARAJAN ENGINEERING COLLEGE

SEMBODAI 614809.

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

CE 2045 PREFABRICATED STRUCTURES
Prepared By
K.KESAVAN,
AP/CIVIL/SRVEC

UNIT-II:PREFABRICATED COMPONENTS

Behaviour Of Structural
Components.
Large Panel Constructions.
Construction Of Roof And Floor
Slabs.
Wall Panels.
Columns.
Shear Walls.

STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR
Precast reinforced structures are many types ,
because almost all reinforced concrete structures
can be prefabricated.

Structural components:

Slab
Joist
Beam (Main & Secondary)
Wall panels
Column.

SLAB
The roofing slab (or) Flooring slab system consist of planks
which is supported over the RCC joist. The blanks can be
made in any one of the following form with (or) Without
prestressing,
According to the load And span:
Hollow core section
Double Tee section
Channel section
Light weight concreting roofing slab
Solid rectangular planks
Specification:
Width 0.5 m
Max.Span 5m (without prestressing)
Thickness - Suitable

JOIST
Small beams loaded from planks.
Transmit load to the main beam through the channel.
Proper connection to the planks used by triangle
shaped stirrups.
Make by factories and top surface projected with
reinforcements.
Easily connected to anothers.

BEAM (Main & Secondary)

Main & Secondary beam same size 300 X 300mm but
various reinforcement and various condition according to
moments.
To cast clear distance b/w two column.
Connections:
Square 100mm X 100mm hole with 100mm depth provided on
both sides.
Connection with beam beam , Column column, Column
beam by proper welding with care.
Connect b/w joint using by concreting with needle vibrator.

WALL PANELS

Casted fixing. Like door, ventilator, window frames.

Panels is non-load bearing wall.
Thermal effects and safety to provide 150 mm thick.
Incase cellular concrete blocks is 75 mm thick in M25.
Thick 37.5 mm either face min. reinforcement to be provided.
No needed plastering.

Advantage:
Light weight
Low cost
Easy adopting.

COLUMN

Many column making by prefabrication.

Groove provided.
Its good looking for column.
Well load carrying capacity.
To resist all over moments.

PERFORMANCE
Appearance
Structural capability
Thermal properties
Sound insulation
Fire resistance
Durability & Moisture resistance
Toxicity breath ability
Sustainability (Environmental Impact)

Appearance:
Better quality control ,
Shape, Size
Light grey colour
Smooth even finish
Neat & Clean
Reduction number of joints

Structural Capability:
Slab and beams to carry live/dead load.
Additional reinforcement placed while filling up joints in
slabs for interlocking without displacement.
M40 is durable and stronger.
Reinforcement of grid pattern is give good result for
Cast-in-situ.

Thermal properties:
Thinner cross section, components used in roofs (or) wall
should be provided with adequate thermally insulating
covering for better thermal performance.
During manufacturing to consider good thermal properties.
Easily added independent layers of insulation.

Sound insulation:
Acceptable of degree
In their performance to improved by the addition of sound
insulation material during the manufacturing process.

Fire resistance:

Precast is not burn.

They are readily incorporated into fire resistance.
Fire rating upto 4 Hrs.
Also resistance to mould formation.

Durability & Moisture resistance:

Adequate reinforcement,
High durable & Low maintenance,
Well perform for high humidity condition,
Constant for wetting water absorption is less,
Most cases does not need a water proofing coat.
Even external application.

Toxicity & Breath ability:

Environmental pollution of water, air and site can be reduced
& controlled.

Sustainability (Environmental Impact):

Use of scare materials.(cement, steel & timber during the
production & installation)
Transportation,
Site pollution,
Better and reliable,
Increase productivity and economy.

LARGE PANEL CONSTRUCTION

The multistory structures composed of large wall and floor concrete
panels connected in the vertical and horizontal direction. If resist gravity
load. Wall panel are usually one story high.
Eg. Wall, Shear wall
CLASSIFICATION:
Cross wall system
Longitudional wall system
Two way system
Cross wall system:
Load bearing-suitable for High rise building.
Longitudional wall system:
Non load bearing wall are load bearing wall-sutable for low rise
building.A above combination can also adopted.

Two way system:

The walls are placed in both directions and are considered to resist both
the gravity & lateral load.
Large panel structures for interior walls:
Load & Non load bearing wall. Its made from heavy or light wt.
silicate, cellular concrete.Their ht is equal to ht of building.The wall
thickness is 10 14 cm.
Large panel structure for floor slab:
Made from RC.The size of slab is equal to size of rooms. The size is 30
Sq.m
Large panel structure for roof:
Used for housing & Public buildings. Roof panel span of upto 12m.The
Wt of structure is 1.5 7.5 tonnes.
Precast concrete wall:
a. Homogeneous wall (Solid.Hollow & Ribbed)
b. Non homogeneous (Composite wall)
i. Load bearing
ii. Non load bearing
iii. Shear wall

SHEAR WALL
Its the vertical element of the horizontal force (Lateral Load) resisting
system.
Importance:
The strength and stiffness to resist the lateral load.
To control twisting force.(Wind,earth quake,un even settelement & Shear)
Last two decades-Main part of Mid & High rise residential building.
Purpose of construction:
Not only designed to resist gravity/vertical loads, but they are also
designed for earthquake/wind.
More stable.
Walls have to resist the uplift forces caused by pull of the wind.
Resist the lateral force of the wind.

Comparision of shear & Conventional load bearing wall:

Load bearing wall is very brittle.

Conventional concrete wallcollapse during sudden earthquake.

RCC framed structures are slender. When compared Shear wall is 3D.

Moderate shear wall not stable but alsocompare quike ductile.

During severe earthquake they will not suddenly collapse causing death of
people.

Exterior wall is shear resisting wall.

Forces from the ceiling and roof diapharm make their way to the outside
along assumed paths.

Forces on Shear Wall:

Shear wall resist two types of forces,

Shear forces

Uplift forces

Shear force:
Shear forces are generated in stationary buildings by accelerations resulting
from ground movement and external forces like wind and wave.If creates the
height of the wall b/w the top & bottom shear wallconnections.
Uplift force:
uplift forces exist on shear walls because the horizontal forces are applied to
top of the wall.Bearing wall have less uplift.

CLASSIFICATION
Simple rectangular & Flanged wall
Coupled shear wall
Rigid frame shear wall
Framed wall with in filled frames
Column supported shear wall
Core type shear wall
Based on Materials:
RC shear wall
Plywood shear wall
RC hollow concrete block masonry wall
Steel plate shear wall

RC shear wall:
It consists of RC wall & RC slab.Wall thickness 140-150mm
depending on number of stories, building age & thermal insulation
requirement. Floor slab is cast-in-situ flat slab or hollow-core
slab.Building supported by mat foundation.
Plywood shear wall:
Traditional material used in the construction of shear wall.Small
plywoods to inject strong shear assemblies. Base connections to transfer
shear to foundations.
Mid ply shear wall:
Improved timber shear wall that was developed by redesigning the
joints b/w sheathing & framing menbers. To eliminate lateral loads.

RCHCBMW:
Constructed by RC hollow blocks. The advantage of hollow spaces
and shapes of the hollow blocks. It require continuous steel rods.Both the
horizontal and vertical directions at critical locations. If designed both as
load bearing & gravity loads.
Steel plate shear wall:
Steel plate wall; Togther boundary columns and horizontal floor
beams.The steel plate shear wall systems have beenused in recent years in
highly seismic areas to resist lateral loads.
Most effective building elements in resisting lateral forces during
earthquake.

ADVANTAGES

Very ductile & large energy disspation energy

Steel shear walls can be very efficient and economical lateral load
resisting system.
Steel shear wall has high initial stiffness.
Less weight compare than RC shear wall.
Speed up the erection process by using welded and bolted shear wall.
Architectural and less space to occupy in small thickness.
Easier and faster construction for shear walls.
More efficient and traditional of welded and bolted elements.
Very efficient for cool regions.
DISADVANTAGE:
Not economical under very low temprature.

Thank You

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