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ChemWithM

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2015 First Semester Final Exam Study Guide
Key Vocabulary Terms
1. Anion

2. Cation

3. Ion

4. Polyatomic Ion

5. Rule of Zero Charge

6. Valence Electrons

7. Ionic Compound

8. Alkali Metals

9. Alkaline Earth Metals

10.

Halogen

11.

Noble Gases

12.

Lanthanides/Actinides

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13.

Main Group Elements

14.

Periods

15.

Groups

16.

Metals

17.

Nonmetals

18.

Atomic Mass, Atomic Number, Average Atomic Mass

19.

Isotope

20.

Fission/Fusion

21.

Nuclear Reaction

22.

Atomic Theory

23.

Half-life

24.

Octet Rule

25.

HONC 1234 Rule

26.

Molecular/Chemical Formula

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ChemWithM
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27.

Lewis Dot Symbols

28.

Lewis Dot Structure

29.

Structural Formulas

30.

Isomers

31.

Bonded Pair

32.

Lone Pair

33.

Double Bond

34.

Triple Bond

35.

Functional Group

36.

Synthesis

37.

Chemical Rxn, Reactants and Products

38.

Catalyst

39.

Electron Domain

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ChemWithM
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40.

Electron Domain Theory

41.

Tetrahedral Shape

42.

Pyramidal Shape

43.

Bent Shape

44.

Trigonal Planar Shape

45.

Linear Shape

46.

Polar Molecules

47.

Nonpolar Molecules

48.

Intermolecular Forces

49.

Dipole

50.

Electronegativity

51.

Diatomic Molecule

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ChemWithM
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1. What is the formula for density? Your significant other gave you a
gold ring. The mass was 97 g and its volume was 5 cm3. Did your
significant other trick you? Was it pure gold? (Density of real gold
= 19.6 g/cm3)

2. You have been given the element Beryllium. Please provide the
following:
a. Symbol
b. Metal, nonmetal, or metalloid?
c. Phase at room temperature
d. Number of protons
e. Number of neutrons
f. Number of electrons
g. Number of valence electrons
h. Two other elements with similar properties

3. Write
a.
b.
c.
d.

the cations and anions in these compounds:


AlCl3
Fe2O3
AgOH
CuSO4

4. Explain and provide an example of an isotope.

5. Show the ionic bonding of Boron and Sulfur. Remember to name


the compound.

ChemWithM
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Name

6. Show the polyatomic bonding of Aluminum and Hydroxide.


Remember to name the compound.

7. What are the differences and similarities between IONIC and


COVALENT BONDING?

8. What is the molecular formula of the compound shown below?

9. Draw the Lewis Dot Structure and the Structural Formulas for the
following compounds:
a. PH3
b. HOCl
c. CH3Cl

10.
The molecular formula C4H10O has seven different isomers.
Draw three.

ChemWithM
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Name

11.
Draw the Lewis Dot Structure and the Structural Formulas
for the following compounds:

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.

CH2O2
CH2O
CH5N
Cl2
O2
N2

12.
The functional groups have names, and molecules are
frequently named according to the functional groups they
contain. The suffixes of the functional groups are important.
Provide the following smell associated with the functional group
suffix:
a. one
b. amine
c. ate
d. ic acid
e. ane

13.
The reaction between acetic acid and isopentanol produces
a sweet smell. Draw the structural formulas of the products
isopentyl acetate and water.

The naming of chemical compounds is not random. When acetic acid


reacts with isopentanol, it forms isopentyl acetate. The first part of the
name of the acid becomes the second part of the name of the ester
that is formed. The first part of the name of the alcohol becomes the
first part of the name of the ester.

ChemWithM
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14.

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How do electrons affect the shape of a molecule?

15.
Draw the Lewis Dot Structure and Structural formula of
fomaldehyde, CH2O. How many electron domains do you think
this molecule has?

Double or triple bonding changes the number of electron domains


around an atom, affecting the overall shape of a molecule. In general,
atoms tend to arrange themselves in tetrahedral shapes around atoms
unless multiple bonds are present.
When a carbon atom has a double bond and two single bonds, there
are only three electron domains.
The number of electron domains is more important in determining the
structure of a molecule than is the number of atoms.

ChemWithM
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Name

16.
How can you predict the shape of a molecule? What is the
shape of this molecule: H2S?

17.

What makes a molecule polar?

18.

How can electronegativity be used to compare bonds?

19.
Is the bond in potassium chloride, KCL, nonpolar, polar, or
ionic. Explain.

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