JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW TEMPLATE

North American University

Education Department
M.Ed. in Educational Leadership / M.Ed. in Curriculum and Instruction
EDUC 5324 Integrating Technology into Education
Name:Rasim Damirov

Date: 9/5/2015

Cite the reviewed article in APA format:

I-Hua Chang1, i. (2012). The Effect of Principals' Technological Leadership on Teachers'

Technological Literacy and Teaching Effectiveness in Taiwanese Elementary. Journal Of
Educational Technology & Society, 15(2), 328-340.
INTRODUCTION
Research Questions (if research questions are not specifically mentioned, what is
the theoretical background or overarching theme):

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)

Vision, planning and management

Staff development and training
Technological and infrastructure support
Evaluation and research
Interpersonal and communication skills

Purpose of the research: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships

among technological leadership of principals and the technological literacy and teaching
effectiveness of elementary school teachers.

METHODOLOGY
What is the methodology for the research or approach used to understand the
issue? Provide information regarding the following:

Participants: The target population consisted of 1,000 teachers randomly selected from
100 elementary schools within the following six metropolitan cities in Taiwan: Keelung
City, Taipei City, Hsinchu City, Taichung City, Tainan City, and Kaohsiung City.
Procedures: Randomly sent to the Director of Academic Affairs Division of each
elementary school. Then, the Director randomly selected the teachers based on the cover
letter sent to the school.

Data Collection Methods/Data Source: The survey was randomly sent to the
Director of Academic Affairs Division of each elementary school. Then, the Director
randomly selected the teachers based on the cover letter sent to the school. The survey
asked teachers to evaluate the principals role in leading and facilitating technology use,
teachers technological literacy and teaching effectiveness in their schools. The
respondents in this study were teachers (i.e., tenured teachers, mentor teachers, teachers
serving as administrators and directors) reporting to their principals. To encourage the
return rate, follow up thank you postcards and personal contacts were made until a
satisfactory percentage of participants completed the questionnaire.
Data Analysis: This research empirically investigated the relationships among
principals technological leadership, teachers technological literacy, and teaching
effectiveness and tested the structural equation model (SEM). SPSS was used to calculate
scale reliabilities (the Cronbachs alpha) and to perform factor analyses. The final SEM
model was done with LISREL.
RESULTS
Findings or Results (or main points of the article): SEM lets researchers

simultaneously define and measure multidimensional constructs (e.g., principals

technological leadership). The fit of the model to the data was assessed with SEM fit
indices. The Chi-Square value was 271.97 with 74 degrees of freedom and significance
(p=.00). The NFI, NNFI, PNFI, CFI, SRMR, GFI, AGFI and PGFI values were .98, .99, .
80, .99, .043, .93, .90 and .66, respectively. The Critical N was 204.42. The results of
these common fit indices (see table 3) clearly indicated that the model fit these observed
data quite well.
DISCUSSIONS
Conclusions/Implications (for your profession): Principals technological leadership

(TECHLEAD) improves teachers technological literacy significantly. Schools must

develop a long-term technology plan with a vision and goals for the schools faculty and
staff. In addition, development of technological skills is essential for the professional
growth of faculty and staff.
REFLECTIONS
Students Reflections (changes to your understanding; implications for your
school/work): In these days technology is part of our life. Students prefer to
do projects by using technology and same time they enjoy while using
technology. Because of that reason principals should be a role model by using
technology efficiently. A study shows that principals should create vision and
goals for technology in the school and they need encourage teachers to use
technology. Principals may offer training and support for teachers.