8 Parts of Speech:

--Nouns:
words which denote persons, places, things, ideas, qualities.

--Verbs:
words which express action -- indicating what the nouns or pronouns
are doing or words which express states of being.

--Pronouns:

words which take the place of nouns (it, they, us).

--Adjectives:
words which describe nouns or pronouns by limiting, qualifying or
modifying them. (a poor performance, a good time)

--Adverbs:

words which modify verbs, adjectives or other adverbs by manner,

time, degree and so forth (paints quickly, reads slowly)

--Prepositions:

A word that combines with a noun or pronoun to create a prepositional

phrase. Another definition: words which show the relationship of nouns
and pronouns to another element in the sentence. Commonly used
prepositions are: across, after, at, before, between, by, for, from, in,
of, on, over, to, under, with, up and near.

--Conjunctions:

words which "connect" words, phrases, clauses, and complete

sentences.

--Interjections:

words which are exclamations (darn!)

VERBS:
A verbs' job or function is to show action
or a state of being.
Action verbs show when someone or
something DOES something:
to run, to hit, to walk, to kick
Action verbs also consist of actions that
you cant see. This type of verb is called a
linking verb:
to think, to know, to want, to feel
STATE OF BEING VERBS:
State of being verbs are used to show
that something 'IS.' They are rooted in
the verb form 'to be' and can be LINKING
verbs. They are also used as HELPING
verbs. EXAMPLES:
She is tired. She is hoping to be done.
They are hopeful. They are expecting it.
I am sad. I am going home.
A word ending in -ing cannot by itself be the
verb of the sentence. It can be part of the verb,
but it needs a helping verb before it.
The verb of a sentence never comes after the
word to.

PRONOUNS:
A pronoun's job or function is to be a
noun substitute.
Pronouns must 'agree' with the noun they
replace in number, gender, and case (subject,
object, possessive).
Pronoun Agreement/CASE
Singular
Pronouns
Subject
I
you
he
she
it

Plural
Pronouns
Subject

we
You
They

Object

Possessive

me
you
him
her
it

my, mine
your, yours
his
her, hers
its

Object

Possessive

us
you
them

our, ours
your, yours
their, theirs

PREPOSITIONS:
The function of a Preposition is to describe the
relationship of a noun or a pronoun to another
element in the sentence.
A preposition is a word that combines with a
noun or a pronoun to create a prepositional
phrase.
Prepositional Phrases -- unless you want them to
be -- ARE NEVER the SUBJECT or VERB part of a
sentence. They often answer the question WHEN
or WHERE.
Simply put, What a squirrel can do to a tree.
about
above
against
among
around
at

before
behind
below
beneath
beside
between

by
despite
during
for
from
inside

in
like
near
of
off
on

over
through
to
toward
under
with

CONJUNCTIONS:
CONJUNCTIONS Connect.
There are seven COORDINATING
CONJUNCTIONS.
We call them the FANBOYS.
FANBOYS:
For, And, Nor,
But, Or, Yet, So
The FANBOYS connect two Complete
Thoughts (AKA Complete Sentences
and/or Independent Clauses) to create a
Compound Sentence.
The Punctuation Pattern is this:
CT>comma>FANBOYS>CT
EXAMPLE:
Students enjoy holidays, BUT classroom
work is still important.
There is also a long list of
SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS. These
words change independent thoughts into
dependent thoughts. EXAMPLE:
Since I started college . . .
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