Atoms

I can identify atoms as the fundamental particle

making up all of matter.

Atomic Theory
440 BCE - Democritus hypothesizes that
there is a particle that can no longer be
broken apart - atom, from greek word
atomos - cannot be broken apart
atom - the smallest particle into which
an element can be divided and still be
the same substance

Electrons
1897 - Thomson discovers electrons
discovered that atoms are made of things
that can be split apart
discovered positive and negative charges

electrons - negatively charged particles

Nucleus
1911 - Rutherford hypothesizes that there is a nucleus
nucleus - center of the atom, a tiny, dense, positively
charged particle
made of protons and neutrons
contains most of the atom's mass
about 1/100,000th of the diameter of an atom

More electrons
1913 - Bohr hypothesizes that electrons
move around the nucleus in certain paths
or energy levels

Modern Atomic Theory

20th century science has taught us that electrons are
in fact traveling around the nucleus, but you cannot
predict their path.
electron cloud - region inside the atom where
electrons are likely to be found

Model of an atom
Nucleus
protons - positively charged
neutrons - neutral charge

electrons - negatively charged

Atoms on periodic table

Atomic number - number of

protons in the nucleus

Mass number - number of

protons and neutrons

Atomic weight/mass - average

weight of all the known,
naturally occurring isotopes