XI

III

XII

2015 \hw_ 8

VI

\ncq]Ww/ cm-tP-jv Nnnc

sauenIXbpsS
\nmW clky- - - B[p\nIm\cw Fp hntijnn sSp
sXmqdpI v tijap aebmf IYmtemIw
Gsd ]co W {KamWv. AXv {]iv\`cnXhpw
tikphpamb ham\ns
`mhpIXz]cnWma sf hfsc hn]peamb Afhn
ASbmfsSpphm {ian pIbpw Ipsdtbsd
hnPbn pIbpw sNbvXpshv ImWm Ignbpw.
]pXnb Imes IY ]dnen
`mhpIXz\nnXnsbXv Hpw efnXa.
GsXnepw s]mXp`mhpIXz \nnXnbn
Dunbm ]pXnb Imes IYIfpsS
]ndhnbn kao] hnjb fpsS B[nIyw
{itbam-Wv.
sNdnb Iq fpsS
IqSntcepIfnte v hgnXpd p
hnhckmtXnIX, kzbw {]Imi\ns
]pXphgnI Xpdp sImSp p AsX Imev
Xs Hcp FgppImc
{]kooIcWskuIcyns e`yXbv mbn
{]km[I Inp sImSp p hnjb fpsS

XncnhpIfneqsSbpw t\SnsbSp p
sshbnI\nZi\n A[njvTnXamWv.
Iem]nsdbpw {]Xntcm[nsdbpw am\knI
Dmknsdbpw hniZoIcWn HSp m ap
]e A\p`h fpsSbpw hgnbmWv
IemkmlnXy{]h\ . Hcp FgppImc
Ahsd FgpneqsS Ah ISp t]mhp
cm{ob, kmaqlnI bmYmy tfmSv {]Xn
{]h\w \SpXv Xsd
IemkmlnXy{]h\ns hgnbneqsSbmhmw.
Fgpv Nnetm Ncn{Xnsd
]p\\nnXnIqSn BhpXv A s\bmWv.
]d p hXv {io. ]n.sP.sP. BWnbpsS
IYmkamlmcw " {`mv Nne \nmW clky "
F ]pkvXIs ]nbmWv. hyXy fmb Fp
IYI BWv Cu kamlmcn
Dsncn pXv. \mev hyXykvX hn`mK fmbn
Xncnp hmbn m\mhpp Cu IYI!. "emtlm
1928" F IY Cy kzmX{ykac

{`mv Nne \nmW clky

(IYI) : ]n.sP.sP. BWn.
{]km[I : Un kn _pIvkv, tImbw.
AXnnI v Dn \npsImv
FgptXnbpw hcppv. Ccw {]tab]camb
km[y/ Akm[yXI Fgpns\ A s\
_m[n pp FXmhpw hcpw Imew Nnn p
Hcp {][m\ hnjbw. ap kmlnXycq] fmb
IhnXbpw t\mhent\ mfpw hfsc ap\v]v Xs
kw`hnXv IYsbgpnemWv. PohnX
kmlNcy ZoLhmb\sb XSsSppp
FXv sNdpIYbv v IqSpX kzoImcyX \In.
hmb\bpsS UnPn kmyXIfpw IYbnse
]co Wkm[yXI v Gsd KpWw sNbvXp.
sNdpIY IqSpX sNdpXmbn Xosn YIfpw
an\n YIfpambn.
sNdnsbmcp Kym]n\p tijw t\mh ]pXnb
`mhpIXz]cnkc fpambn hmb\ mcnte v
XncnsI Fn. BtKmfhXvIcWw Fgpnsd
tZi Ime AXnnIsf ]p\\nbnXv
t\mhen ]pXnb kmyXI \In.
kmtXnIXbpw imkv{X ]ptcmKXnbpw
t\mhepIfpsS {]tab kmyXI v ]pXnb
DWhv \In. Cu kmlNcynemWv ]pXnb
Imes IYm temIw ap]nmXncp Nne
shphnfnIsf t\cnSpXv.
{]kooIcWkm[yXI pw Apdw Hmtcm
FgppImc\pw X fpsS Xs IYIfpsS
hn]W\ mc\pamthn hcpp-v.
temINe\ WthKn hoSpIfnte v
Fp Imev Hcp hnjbhpw hmb\ mc\v
]pXpabpXmhpn FXv Hcp FgppImcsd
]pXnb shphnfnbmWv. hmkvXh fpsS
]Isgpn\pw A\p`h]cnkc fpsS
Bh\n\pw ]Icw FgppImc XtdXmb
Hcp `mhpIXz temIs BhnjvIcnt Xmbn
hcpp, AhnsS tZihpw m\hpw Imehpw Ah\p
Hgnhm m Bhpn. Ccw Hcp ]cnkcn
\nv FgpXp {]hmkIYmImc Bhs
apIme fn Xm FgpXnbncp
AXnIm]\nIXbn \npw
KrlmXpcXzs]mIfn \npw hnSpX t\Sn
Pohn p CSsbpw Pohnncp CSsbpw
_nnv \ho\amb Hcp Fgpv Imes
IsSpt n hcppv. FpsImv FgpXpp
FXnsd adp]Sn Xsd FgpneqsS \Im
]pXnb Imes IYmImc _m[y\mhp-p.
cm{ob kwkvImcnepw PohnX kmlNcy fnepw
h amw Ghpw IqSpX {]Xnknbn
B pXv ]pXnb Imes FgppImcs\bmWv.
ImcWw Ccw am hmb\ mcsd
A`ncpNnbn FgpXn tN hyXnbm\
FgppImc\v Hcp ]cn[n Ahsc A\yamWv. AsX
t\cw Fgpp coXnIfpsS sshhn[y tfbpw
FgpXp hnjb fpsS hyXyIsf mfpw D]cn
Fgpv Hcp FgppImcsd PohnXZi\
IqSnbmWv. AXv Hcm Xsd A\p`h fneqsSbpw
hmb\bneqsSbpw PohnX bm{XbpsS av ]e

Ncn{Xnsd ]p\\nnXn Bhptm " Ime

Zwi\w, IhnX sIphcpsS {Kmaw, {`mv Nne
\nmW clky , lm! hnPpKojp
arXyphnmtam PohnXn sImSnSw Xmgvm"
XpS nb IYI a\pjysd
BkwLj fpsS thdn Hcp ImgvNbmWv.
"NnXbpw I\epw, cp sNdp mcpw Hcp
sshIptchpw" XpS nb IYI cp hyXy
cm{ob Aht_m[ fpsSXmWv. AXv Htc kabw
ImenI {]k fmWv. sNdpp \nnsdbpw
{]Xntcm[nsdbpw BhiyIX bmWv "NnXbpw
I\epw" F IYbpsS hnjbw. cp sNdp mcpw
Hcp sshIptchpw" Bhs ]pXnb Imensd
apJap{Zbmb cm{ob {]XnIcWnsd
s]mcsbpw bphXznsd kzm
NnIsfbpw hnjbam nb IYbmWv-. \memw
hn`mKnep " arXcpsS ]p\c[nhmkw" ,
"tIsgppImsc Bhiyapv" XpS nb
IYIfmhs {]hmk temImWv
kw`hn phbmWv. Fm B IYIfpsS
kmhP\o\amb am\w AXnibn pXpamWv.

Hv : A\nhmcyXIfpsS ]p\hmb\:

tZhnbpw IYbn angnhmp \n pp. Ncn{X

kw`h fpsS ]p\mcmJym\ hmbn ptmgp
]Xnhv sNSnv Cu IY hmbn ptm
tXmXncn pXv Hcp]t IYm]m{X fpsS
am\knI kwLj fneqsSbpw
at\mhym]mc fneqsSbpw AhcpsS
Npp]mSnsdbpw cmPynsd
cm{obmhsbbpw ]n ]dbpXv sImv
IqSnbmhWw

cv : ]npSIfpsS dnbmenn tjm/

ham\ Imensd tcJsSp
Ncn{Xnsd ,cm{ob `qXImensd asmcp
]p\hmb\bmWv "NnXbpw I\epw" F IY
]dbpXv. _wKmfnse CSXv hnhImcnbmbncp
I\p k\ymens BlXybpsS ]men
aphn]vfhImcnbmb kJmhvtImcbpsS
IpSpw_nse aqp XeapdIfpsS IYbmWv CXn
]dbpXv. ap hnhImcnbv v IpSpw_n\p
shfnbn Ctmgpw \ BZchpw AwKoImchpw
BWv. AXnsd ]enibmWv aI s{]m^k
tXmakv- tImcb v Inp hgn hn
m\Ib . Ctm {]nknm!! Bb
tXmakv- ]mnbpsS `cWn sshkv Nmke
]Zhn v Imncn pp. ap hnhImcnsb
]mnbnte v XncnsI FSp mw Fv Hm^ Dv
]s , Ingh XncnsI t]mhm kXn pn
FXmWv s{]m^k tXmakv- tImcbpsS hnjaw.
sKucnb t]mepw XncnsI t]mhm sdUnbmbn
\n ptmgmWv Inghsd Almcw, Hcp c
lmcw t]mepw InmsX ih aS v \S m\mhpw hn[n
Fsms s{]m^kdnsd
BKXnseptm IY ham\Ime
cm{ob kmlNcy sf HmsSppXn
ApXsSm\n. ham\ Imes cm{ob
A]Nb fpw IYbpsS tmpw Xn Hcp
Ipgadnn km[yamhp-v.
hnhImcn sFUnb m kn dns Bcm[I
BWv. AXv admWv I\p k\ymens
BlXybpsS ssehv sSenImv ImWpXv.
Fm Hcp skannIv {]hmNIs\ t]mse Xm I
k\ymens acWw Abmsf dnbmenn tjmbn
\npw Xsd `qXImes v sImv t]mhpp.
AXmhs, \nehnfnbpw tNmcbpw Iocpw
\nd XmWv-. Abpw `mcybpw IpnIfpw t\m n
\ns sIme sNbvX hKi{XpIfpsS tNmc
IgpIn f p Fnepw Iocpw \nehnfnbpw
AbmfpsS HmIfn IqsSbpv.
hnhImcnIfpsS \mhp hon AS n
shbvs XmWv FtmsSppXv `mcy
_nbm{SokymWv. AXmhs aIsd Xocpam\hpw.
\mbn hmbn p tImc kJmhn\p hmbnXn
Ism\mhmsX t]mb NneXpv. AXv
hni ph\v sh tNmdpw Iqm\pw aXnsbXpw
Zcn{Z Bamib fpsS Hcp Iqmbva BsWXpw
hnhw Xo hn`h fpw apgp IqenbpamWv
FXptams bmWv . AsXms kXnp
sImSp m\pw tImc kJmhv XmdXm\pw. kq va
cm{ob hniIe\ fpsS BsIpIbmWv
NnXbpw I\epw.
aqmw Xeapd FXv tImc
kJmhnsd saUn hnZymYnbmb sImp
aI\mWv. Ah\mhs IYmyn Hdokbn
\nv h IqenWn mc tZ_minjv
sNuckybv v Hw Ahsd {Kmante v
t]mhpIbmWv. sNdpaI bm{X ]dbpXv tImc
kJmhnt\mSmWv.. th\ pcpXnbn aqsmsX
Icn p t]mb tNmfmSw FmWp IYmImc
tZ_minjns apJs ]n ]dbpXv. sNucky
F Ahsd t]cnsd hmeamWv tImc
kJmhnsd sIuXpIw. AXmWv-, Abmsfs mv
\n\ v lcn {]kmZv sNucmkysb Adnbmtam Fv
tNmZn pXv. sNpw Ccppw t_mIvsskpw
I m thn IppI CSn sp
IpSnbnd s Hcp P\hn`mKns
{]Xn\n[nbmWv tZ_minjv. Ah\p tImc kJmhv
asmcp thZmnbmWv. ] mcpambn
thZmnI v Gsd hyXymkan. thZmn F
Hhm ns BgneqsS hopw IYbpsS cm{ob
am\w I nI v AXoXaImhp. thZm F
t] \psS ]{Xam[ya fn
Ctmgnsnepw.sImp aI ]pdspt]mhp
cm{Xn ap tImc kJmhv sFUnb m
knwKdns apS nb FntkmUv ImWptm aI
s{]m^k tImcbmhs hcm\ncn p sshkv
Nmke ]Zhn kz]v\w Ipd pp.
\ntbmK A s\bmWv. hgnIfpw.
PohnXtmfw hcpn Hcp dnbmenn tjmbpw
Fmhpw hmb\ mcsd {]XnIcWw.

Ncn{Xnsd ]p\hmb\bneqsS emtlm 1028

F IYbpsS XpS w. AXv `KXv knwKnsd
PohnXnse kw`h _lpeamb cp Znhk sf ,
1928 Unkw_ ]Xnt\gv- /]Xns\v Znhk sf
]nbmWv ]dbpXv. sImtfmWnb
`cWns\Xnsc \S kac fn XeapdIsf
Ghpw IqSpX tcmam apWp HtcSmWv
`KXv kn nsXv. sU]yqn t]meokv kq{]v
ktcvkns a\pjyXz clnX B{IaWn
hocarXyq {]m]n eme ePv ]Xv dmbnbpsS
tNmcbv v ]Icw tNmZn m Xocpam\npdn
N{tiJ BkmZv, cmPv Kpcp, `KXv knwKv ,kpJv
tZhv Fo sNdp mcpsS am\knI
hym]mc fneqsS hnIknv ktcvkvs
sIme]mXIn\v tijap AhcpsS c s]S
hscbp \nanj BWv IYmXp. kac
Ncn{X v tNmcbpsS \ndhpw aWhpw DmhpI
kzm`mhnIam-Wv.

aqv : IpSntbnsd tIsgppw

Isgppw

Hns mSp epw NXnbpw Fm P\hn`mK fpsSbpw

Ncn{Xnsd `mKamWv. kq vahniIe\ !
]etmgpw hn{Kl `RvP\ fnte p
Xmt memhpw. Acw Hcp \ntbmKw Cu
IYbnepv. kam[m\nsd a\pjycq]w Fv
Ncn{Xw ]n mev hntijnn KmnPn,
ssht{kmbn Chn {]`phpambn \Snb
DSSnbneqsS tamNnn m Xocpam\n
cm{obShpImcpsS enn \npw
Hgnhm sXn\memWv Av XShn Bbncp
`KXv knwKpw cmPKpcphpw kpJv tZhpw
Xq ntesXv FXv Ncn{Xnsd asmcp
hncptmnbmbn Cu IY ]dbpp. Hw, `mcX
kv{XoIfpsS [ocXbpsSbpw kmlknIXbpsSbpw
cmPy kvt\lnsdbpw {]Xn\n[nbmbn Zp

{]hmkw FXv Hcp hynbpsS Pohn p

CSn am{Xw HXp p H. AXv ]etmgpw
Hcp am\knImh IqSnbmWv. ]p\c[nhmkw
FXv hfsc D]tbmKnv ]gIn otj
Bbnonpv {]hmks kw_n
NIfn !!!. AXv, {]hmkapt] nv aS n
hcphcpsS ssZ\wZn\ PohkmcWns
hgnIsfnbp NIfn am{Xw HXp p
H FXmWv bmYmyw. {]hmk
PohnXn\nSbn Poh \sp t]mIphcpsS
]p\c[nhmkw, AhcpsS s`uXnI icocnsd
AS w sN {]hmk temIv Hcp
IodmapnbmWv. ]etmgpw XncnsI \mnte v
sImv t]mhp DSens\ AS w sNm
kzambn BdSn av Cmhcmhpw B DSensd

\mnep AhIminI !!. {]hmk temIv Xs

X fpsS AtNX\icochpw Dt] nt n
hcph A\h[nbmWv. ]e Fw_knIfpw
Ccn ih icocnsd ssIImcyw
sNens\ kw_n kqNI X fpsS
s]ucam v \Inbnpapv. ]d p hXv,
arXcpsS ]p\c[nhmkw F IYsbnbmWv.
]cmPnXcpsS tZlw Ipgnp aqSpXn B\w
Isp aqp kplrp fpsS IYbmWnXv.
Imtemkv BWv ap cp IqpImsc IqSn `q
PohnXw thsp hhcpsS tZlw `qan Xpcp
DS w sNp B {Xnnte v sImphXv.
HSp w aqhcn HcmfpsS tZlw ap cp t]
tNv AS w sNtn hcptmgmWv
Fmbncpp X fpsS \ntbmKw Fv ap cp
t] IspXv. AXhcpsS Ahkm\s
\ntbmKw IqSnbmWv.
CtX Xcn Xs {]hmk PohnX fpsS,
{]tXyInpw {]hmknIfmb ]pcpjamcpsS
PohnXs ]n A[nIw Bcpw ]dbm Nne
kzImcyXIfmWv " tIsgppImsc Bhiyapv"
F IYbn . BSv PohnXw Hcp {]hmknbpsS
PohnXnsd, Abm A\p`hn imcocnI
kwLj fpsS tIsgpv Bbncpp. Fm
B mWv Hcp {]hmknbpsS am\knIhpw
imcocnIhpw, AXpw ssewKnIambn AS n
shbv sSp hnImc fpsS, tIv FgpXphm
IgnbpI F Hcp {]hmknbpsS NnbmWv Cu
IY. sbuh\hpw a[y hbkpw Ign p
hm[Iyn Fnb Hcm Xsd hgnIsf
Hm ptm !!!, Abm Ctm Hcp
kchkvXphmWv. \m\tZi mcmb
klPohnIfpambn CS]g neqsS adp`mjIfnse
hm pI !!!!, ]ctZin ` Ww, AXv Xnp coXn,
s]cpamw, hkv{Xw, aWw CsXssbms Hmtcm
\pp sImv \nn sXmWv Abmfnse
kcX. Cu kcX Ahs\ kzbw
{]Xntcm[n m Ignbm hn[w asmm p-p.
F pw thcp ]SmsX hfcp sNSn / Bp
shn thcpambn Npnncn p t]mhp Nne
sNSnIfpsS t]m v / Fn s\ BWv Hcp
{]hmknbpsS hntijWw. tIm{SmIvv amdpXn\p
A\pkcnv CSw amdntmhpp. \mn
Fnbmtem, A[nImcw, ]{Xmkv Hs Dsnepw
`mcybpw Ip p fpw \mpImcpw Hs thtdtXm
P\pn DhcmWv F tXmemWv IqsS
Ftmgpw. Ccn Hcp {]hmknbpsS
A\p`h fpsS Bgn\pw ]cn\pw Hs
NpNhdpI IqnbnSp CSnsd KamWv.
Nobepw Icnbepw ]pIbepamWv Ftmgpw. Ah
kzbw No p asns\ms tbm hfambn amdpp.
CXn\nSbn Aanhbv p ssewKnIXbpsS
hnSpX Bhs, q ^nenapIfpw AXn\p
tijap kzbwt`mKnepsSbpamWv-. AXv
GImXbnepw CcpnepamWv \nhln sSpI.
taemkIew adbv p hkv{Xw [cn p
kv{XoIfpsS \mn AhcpsS ]pdv ImWp
Im]mZns teiamb ]n `mK ImgvN sImv
Xs B ]mZnsd DSabpsS BImchpw
kz`mhhpw \nbn m !, DSabpsS ape sRns
henw hsc ]dbm Ad_n ]pcpjam v
Ignbpat{X. Ccw ImgvNIfneqsS , AdnhneqsS ,
A\p`hneqsS ISp t]mhp {]hmknIfpsS
PohnXs tIsgpXm Xmdp aebmfn
FgppImsc Wn pIbmWv Cu IY.
kzm`mhnIambpw Cu cp IYIfpw ]dbpXv
amcpw ImWm, Inpw ImWmsX t]mhp,
aebmf IYbn ]cnNnXam, Fm s]mXp
kaqlnsd {i Bhiyap {]hmk
temIs Nne {]iv\ fmWv. {]hmkn IqSnbmb
IYmImcsd ImgvNIfpsS sshhn[yw, Ah
cq]oIcn p PohnXs ]nbp sXfnhm
Zi\w XpS nbh shfnhmIpp.

\mev : sauenIXbpsS I(Y)hnX

sI!!!.
Hcp a\pjy a\pjy\mbncn pXns tihpw
B\amWv "IhnX sIphcpsS {Kmaw" F
IYbnepXv. AXv, Poh\p kIecpw
IhnXIfpsS {]Wbn\nI Bb {KmaamWv.
\nc ccmb {KmahmknI ]Wn sNptm
AhcpsS B\w hmbneqsS IhnXIfmbn shfnbn
hcpp. A[n\nthin Ah v \amhpI
a\knsd B\amWv. AXv sImmWv Ah Hcp
A[nImcn\pw ASnbdhv ]dbmXv. Ccw Hcp
{Kmas A[n\nthi fn \nv kwc n pI
FXv {]IrXnbpsS Bhiyw IqSnbmWv. Gsd
]cnnXn {]m[m\yap Hcp IYbmbn IhnX
sIphcpsS {Kmaw amdpXv A s\bmWv.
a\pjysd ante pw, {]IrXnbnte pap
BXynIhpw A\nhmcyhpamb aS amWv Cu
IYbpsS ImX!!!.
B[p\nIm\c aebmf IYm Ncn{Xn
ASbmfsSpssS ]pXp Xeapd
IYmIrp fpsS t]cpIfn XsdXpapv Fv
]dbmsX ]dbpp {io..]n.sP..sP BWn Cu
IYIfneqsS. Hcp FgppImcs kmaqlnI,
cm{ob, ]cnnXnZi\ fpsS ASbmf fmWv
Cu kamlmcnse Hmtcm IYbpw. AXv
]dbpXn\mbn {Im^vns Knan pI
D]tbmKn pn FbnSmWv Fgpnsd,
`mh\bpsS sauenIX shfnhmIpXv. sauenIX
BWv Cu kamlmcnse IYIfpsS s]mXp
ASbmfw Cu IYIfnse `mj Htc kabw
sXfnabpXpw kq vahpamWv Hw, aqbpXpw
e y th[nIfpw.

IhnX/Fw .kMv

IhnX/cm[m-Ir-jv-W H-q

\q-ev
Fs
lr-Z-b-n-\p-]-I-c-a
\n-s
lrZ-bw
Xp-n-n-Sn-nXv
F-s
lr-Z-b-tmSv
tN-mWv
-\n-s lrZ-bw
Xp-n-n-Sn-n-Xv,
{]-W-b-n-s \q-en-\m....

ntbmSv
B
nIp

Iqw ]ncn v
hgn adp t]mb
BnIpo
\n\ p Npn\pw
kpc nX IhNw Xo4v
Hw \S p
sNmbI p thXv
\ns ]p ncntbm
hnipntbm A.
AXntesd sImXnn p
amwkns cpNn.
Ah Xo p
]nes WnIfn
\o hoWp t]mImXncn s
\ns Abm p
Ind apv
CfIn amds.