Annotated Bibliography

Tisseron, Serge, Frdric Tordo, and Ritta Baddoura. "Testing Empathy

with Robots: A Model in Four Dimensions and Sixteen Items." International
Journal of Social Robotics, 7.1 (2015): 97-102.
In this article the author Serge proposes not only a way to determine
empathy and robots but discusses the various components and elements of
empathy and a robots ability to cause and be a part of the emotion. Serge
tries to show us how robots are very capable of being a big part of the
empathy emotion, he shows us individual situations where this is
demonstrated and provides us with the research and results of the QEAE
( Questionnaire of Empathy and Auto-Empathy). The findings of this article is
mainly about humans and the interaction of humans and robots and the
exchanging or possible exchanging of empathy. This article is useful to me as
I need not only a very good understanding of the elements of empathy but
also the behaviors of robots and humans regarding the emotion. The
limitation of this article is that is does not provide as much information about
a robots ability to feel empathy as much as I would hope, but does provide a
very good starting area for the understanding of the abilities a robot may or
may not have regarding empathy. This article will form the foundation of
empathy and also introduce the idea of robots having emotions and that they
can express them.

Glaskin, Katie. "Empathy and the Robot: A Neuroanthropological

Analysis." Annals of Anthropological Practice, 36.1 (2012): 68
The author Katie Glaskin discusses the possibilities and the fears
people have about humanoid-robots. Katie gives us a view of what we could
be faced with in the future, robots that can display human emotions. The
main thing covered is the development of robots and the possibility for them
to be programmed to have emotions, which is very creepy itself. This article
will be useful to my research as for robots to have empathy, they must have
the ability to show any emotion because empathy is one. The only thing I see
wrong with this article is they only are looking for a way for the robots to
show emotion, but I am looking for a situation where a robot is put in a
situation where it knows that emotion is the one to show and then shows the
emotion. This article provides a lot of research on robots and the ability we
have as humans to program certain emotions into them. This topic is perfect
for my research, the human factor of robots developing emotions is a big
aspect, without the human aspect of this my research is missing a lot of
information it needs.
Niculescu, Andreea, Betsy van Dijk, Anton Nijholt, Haizhou Li, and Swee
See. "Making Social Robots More Attractive: The Effects of Voice Pitch, Humor
and Empathy." International Journal of Social Robotics, 5.2 (2013): 171-191.
This article is mainly on what I would call the tweaks a robot needs to
make it more human, the pitch of its voice and its ability to relay its feeling

of humor or empathy. The research seems to be set on the robots ability to

interact with a human and also display some emotion whether it be empathy
or humor. They come up with a lot of information that shows robots will not
only be able to display the emotions but that people will generally feel very
positive towards the robots. This article will help my research drastically, it
not only shows the abilities the robots have and that they can display the
emotions but it also shows human reaction to them. The only problem I see
is the article talks a lot about the pitch of the voice and there is a lot of math
people dont understand on it. I determine this article will be very beneficial
to me, the information provided shows that robots can not only interact well
with humans, but that the general consensus is that humans will like the
robots as well. This fits in perfect with my research as it shows perfectly not
only the fact that robots have the ability to show these emotions but that
humans are more likely to like the robots other than be scared of them.