Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Lathe is a tool that used to create an object which has symmetry about an axis of
rotation. It can perform various operations such as cutting, knurling,drilling, facing ,
turning,sanding and deformation. This machine just operate round workpiece but it
can accommodate with the varying workpiece lenghts. The workholding method used
was clamping the work using a chuck or collet for the short workpiece and rotating
lathe center was used in addition for the long workpiece.
Lathe are used in woodturning, metalworking, metal spinning, thermal spraying,
parts reclamation, and glass-working. Examples of objects that can be produced
using the lathe include chess, baseball bats, candlestick holders, a shafts , bowl and
table legs. Today, both manual and CNC lathes machine coexist in the manufacturing
industries.
OBJECTIVE
To practice the theory.
To increase understanding by using the practical method.
Know how to operate and create the object manually using the lathe machine
Enhance the skill on lathe machining operation.
MATERIAL
1
Table 1
Raw material of Aluminium.
A silvery white , soft and ductile metal.
The chief ore of aluminium is bauxite.
Low density of metal and can resist the
corrosion. Widely used in cooking
utensils, transportation and packaging.
Tool/ Machine
Explanation
Lathe machine
Machine used to produce the part where
the turning, facing, taper, grooving and
knurling process operation can be done.
Vernier calliper
Measure the object/ part produce with
0.02 mm precision.
Cutting tool
Sharp tool bit used to remove the
unwanted surface to produce a part
Chuck key
Used to tighten the chuck for clamping
process.
Spacing
Used to add the height of the knurling
tool.
PROCEDURE
1. Cut the aluminium rod with the length given using the bench saw machine.
Measurement of the work piece to cut:
I.
Length = 74 cm
II.
Diameter = 54 cm
2. Turn on the lathe machine
3. Set up the work piece at the lathe machine. Make sure that the work piece
was placed at the center of the chuck.
4. Measure the length and the diameter of the work piece before any cutting
processes was made.
5. Facing process
I.
Set up the cutting tool for facing process where the tool bit height was
at the center of the work piece to get a smooth cutting surface without
leaving any outer surface.
II.
Then set the spindle speed with the suitable speed to feed the
aluminium material:
Formula to calculate the spindle speed:
V=n
1000
Where , V = cutting speed of the material
n = rpm
= diameter of material
III.
IV.
V.
6. Turning process
I.
II.
III.
For the turning process, the cutting tool was set same as the facing
processes.
Remove the outer surface using rough cut method and finish the cut
with low speed of feeding.
During this process, the shape of the work piece starting to show up.
9. Grooving process
I.
Change the cutting tool with the groove tool bit.
II.
Set the tool holder 90 with the work piece.
5
III.
Then groove the work piece by 3mm depth.
10. Since the diameter of the work piece clamped was small than the other side,
the work piece become unbalanced when rotated and need support. So
I.
Ensure that the work piece was centred with the tailstock center.
II.
Replaced the center at the tailstock with chuck drill.
III.
Then drill the bottom of the work piece to make a hole about 0.8mm
depth
IV. Replaced the drill back with the center and placed the top of the center
in the hole to support the work piece
RESULT
DISCUSSION
During the practical on machining, some problem were faced, and we will discuss
how to overcome it.
7
CONCLUCION
Lathe mchine was used a decades ago, where its function was releven until
nowadays. From manual operation until the automatic CNC machine was build, this
machine tool had contribute largely in the industrial industries manufacturing
processses.
Having a chance to learn in how to operate this machine was a good experience.
Through this workshop practical learning,it improve the understanding on how
actually lathe machine operate to produce a part of things/ object.
REFERENCES
People
I.
II.
III.
Web
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lathe
http://www.google.com
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminium
http://www.diracdelta.co.uk/science/source/v/e/vernier
%20caliper/image001.jpg
http://www.baileighindustrial.co.uk/media/catalog/product/cache/5/image/9df78
eab33525d08d6e5fb8d27136e95/b/a/band-saw-bs712m.jpg
http://1.imimg.com/data/2/9/MY-959991/Aluminium_Rods_250x250.jpg
http://img.directindustry.com/images_di/photo-g/rotating-lathe-centers-271502417549.jpg
http://img.alibaba.com/img/pb/541/240/515/515240541_946.jpg
http://littlemachineshop.com/Products/Images/480/480.1768.jpg