Contents

Page 1

- Introduction and pictures of my leaders

Page 2

- What is Leadership

Page 3 & 4

- Iqbal Masih

Page 5 & 6 & 7

- Nelson Mandela

Page 8

- Comparison

INTRODUCTION
In this project, I will look at both Iqbal Masihs own leadership
style and how he contributed greatly to getting rid of child slavery
in Pakistan, and also nelson Mandela,and how he stood against
apartheid in South Africa. I will also compare their way styles and
how they were similar in some aspects and different in others. I
will look at their achievements and how they handled the
difficulties put in front of them in their own unique ways. I will
look at their circumstances and how that contributed to their
leadership styles.

What Is Leadership?
Leadership is the action of leading a group of people or an
organization, or the ability to.
In the broadest sense of the word, a "leader" is someone who
brings people together and guides them toward a common goal.
Anyone can tell others what to do, but effective leadership
requires much more than the ability to assign tasks to a group.
Throughout history, much has been written about what it means

to be a leader. Chinese military general and "Art of War" author

Sun Tzu described a leader as one who "cultivates the moral law,
and strictly adheres to proper methods and discipline."
Some people believe leaders were born and not made, while
English philosopher Herbert Spencer argued that leaders were the
result of the society in which they lived.
Researchers identified a number of different types of leaders;
task-oriented, participative and relationship-oriented, named
capacity, achievement, responsibility, participation, status and
situation as the categories of personal factors associated with
leadership.
Research published in the Harvard Business Review in 2000 by
author and psychologist Daniel Goleman uncovered six different
leadership styles: commanding, visionary, affiliative, democratic,
pace-setting and coaching.

With all of these differing schools of thought, it's clear that there's
no single definition of leadership, and that what works for one
leader may not necessarily work for another, depending on the
circumstances and personality type. But there's one thing that
nearly every academic, historian and even leaders themselves
agree upon: A true leader must be able to inspire.

Leadership requires ambition. Leaders are described with a

mouthful of adjectives, such as passionate, visionary, charismatic,
motivational and encouraging. However, I propose leadership is
something simpler. It is ambition. Ambition creates hard work,
determination and an unconditional desire to achieve. It
generates a contagious energy that people follow and join
naturally.

Good leaders have a good attitude. A good leader can hold his or
her emotions in check, especially in tough situations. They must
put on a facade. It's important for leaders to guide a team
through challenging times, encouraging them and remaining
positive along the way. Team morale is heavily contingent upon a
leader's attitude.
Leadership means being in touch with your people. A leader
places the people around him or her in a position that sets them
up for success. This is a difficult task because a leader must have
an in-depth understanding of each individual, such as
understanding their career goals and knowing what motivates
them.They must understand the character of a person and
persuade and cajole them into a role that fits them. By being
committed to helping each person achieve their own personal
goals, the leader sets the organization up for greatness.
Leaders are also good listeners. They listen to verbal and
nonverbal cues to understand what is occurring in the
organization. This allows you to address problems before they
become big issues.
Leaders set the right example. Leadership sets an example in the
way you act each day, while focusing on the bigger picture. It's
about setting the tone for your group. As a leader, it is your
responsibility to establish goals, innovate, motivate and trust. A
passionate and compassionate leader can energize a company.
Set an example of cooperation, trust and openness. Focus on
solutions and positivity instead of finding faults and blame
actions.

Iqbal Masih
Iqbal Masih was a courageous boy from Pakistan who implemented
and displayed amazing leadership for one of so little years.
There are an estimated 20 million bonded labourers in Pakistan today;
at least 7.5 million of these bonded labourers are children. More than
500,000 children, like Iqbal, work in the carpet industry. Because
carpet factory owners , usually rich and influential men in their
communities, are often under protection of local police, laws against
enslaving children are not usually enforced.

Iqbal Masih was born in 1983 in Muridke, a city outside of Lahore in

Pakistan. At age four, he was sold into bondage by his family. Iqbal's
family borrowed 600 rupees ($7.42) from a local employer who owned
a carpet weaving business, and in return, Iqbal was required to work
as a carpet weaver until the debt was paid off. Every day, he would
rise before dawn and he and most of the other children were tightly
bound with chains to prevent escape. He would work 14 hours a day,
seven days a week, with only a 30-minute break, paid 3 cents a day
for the loan, but no matter what Iqbal did the loan just got bigger and
bigger. Iqbal stood less than 4 feet tall and weighed only 60 pounds.
At the age of 10, Iqbal escaped his slavery, after learning that bonded
labor was declared illegal by the Supreme Court of Pakistan. But he
was caught by police and brought back to Arshad after they were
bribed. Iqbal escaped a second time and later joined the Bonded
Labour Liberation Front (BLLF) of Pakistan to help stop child labor
around the world. Iqbal helped over 3,000 Pakistani children that were
in bonded labor to escape to freedom and, he made speeches about
child labour throughout the world. Iqbal decided to receive an
education during this period, and completed four years of schooling
within two years.
When he was freed he was outraged at the state of Pakistan and
decided then and there that he would change things.
He had conviction,drive and enthusiasm in everything he did. His
experiences shaped him and led him to fight slavery and lead others
with passion. His childlike hope lifted spirits and this caused people to
believe in him. He was the guardian of their hopes.
Iqbal challenged the norm and changed it despite the dangers.He
personally took part in everything and this inspired others. Above all
he was humble and this made him likeable and relatable
Iqbal was fatally shot in Muridke on April 16, 1995, shortly after
returning from a trip to America. He was 12 at the time. Some say
that he was shot by a farmer, some say that he was murdered because
of his influence over bonded labor. His funeral was attended by

approximately 800 mourners.He was a martyr and his death caused

massive change for bonded labour.
Iqbal's cause inspired the creation of organizations such as Free The
Children, and the Iqbal Masih Shaheed Children Foundation, which has
started over 20 schools in Pakistan. In January 2009, the United
States Congress established the annual Iqbal Masih Award for the
Elimination of Child Labor.
In 1994, Iqbal visited Broad Meadows Middle School in Quincy,
Massachusetts, and spoke to 7th graders about his life. When the
students learned of his death, they decided to raise money and build a
school in his honor in Pakistan.This is an example of how his conviction
moved people to act. This, I believe, is the greatest trait a leader can
have.
Iqbal's story was told in a book entitled Iqbal by Francesco D'Adamo, a
fictional story based on true events, from the point of view of a girl
named Fatima.
The 2014 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to Kailash Satyarthi on
grounds of prevention of child labour and female education. Satyarthi
mentioned Masih in his Nobel Peace Prize award speech, dedicating it
to him and other "martyrs".

Nelson Mandela
Nelson mandela was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary,
politician, and philanthropist who served as President of South Africa
from 1994 to 1999. He was the country's first black chief executive,
and the first elected in a fully representative democratic election. His
government focused on dismantling the legacy of apartheid through
tackling institutionalised racism and creating racial reconciliation.
Politically an African nationalist and democratic socialist, he served as
President of the African National Congress (ANC) party from 1991 to
1997. Internationally, Mandela was Secretary General of the NonAligned Movement from 1998 to 1999.

When he studied law, he became involved in anti-colonial politics,

joining the ANC and becoming a founding member of its Youth League.
After the Afrikaner minority government of the National Party
established apartheid a system of racial segregation in 1948, he
rose to prominence in the ANC's 1952 anti-apartheid Defiance
Campaign, was appointed superintendent of the organisation's
Transvaal chapter and presided over the 1955 Congress of the People.
Working as a lawyer, he was repeatedly arrested for seditious activities
and, with the ANC leadership, was unsuccessfully prosecuted in the
Treason Trial from 1956 to 1961.
Influenced by Marxism, he secretly joined the South African
Communist Party (SACP). Although initially committed to non-violent
protest, in association with the SACP he co-founded the militant
Umkhonto we Sizwe in 1961, leading a sabotage campaign against the
apartheid government. In 1962, he was arrested, convicted of
conspiracy to overthrow the state, and sentenced to life imprisonment
in the Rivonia Trial. We can see that he developed new ideas
throughout this period and this strengthened him.
Mandela served 27 years in prison, initially on Robben Island, and
later in Pollsmoor Prison and Victor Verster Prison.This was just one of
the obstacles he had to overcome. He had to appear strong in a
difficult situation and this too made him a better leader.An
international campaign lobbied for his release, which was granted in
1990 amid escalating civil strife.
Mandela joined negotiations with President F. W. de Klerk to abolish
apartheid and establish multiracial elections in 1994, in which he led
the ANC to victory and became South Africa's first black president. He
published his autobiography in 1995.

He led South Africa's Government of National Unity and promulgated a

new constitution. He also created the Truth and Reconciliation
Commission to investigate past human rights abuses. While continuing
with the former government's economic liberalism, his administration
also introduced measures to encourage land reform, combat poverty,
and expand healthcare services. He did not believe in retribution and
we see this in the way in which he did not wish to alienate those
previously against him. He truly wanted peace.
Internationally, he acted as mediator between Libya and the United
Kingdom in the Pan Am Flight 103 bombing trial, and oversaw military
intervention in Lesotho. He declined to run for a second term, and was
succeeded by his deputy, Thabo Mbeki. Mandela became an elder
statesman, focusing on charitable work in combating poverty and
HIV/AIDS through the Nelson Mandela Foundation.
He was also a believer of challenging beliefs and in outrageous
changes. He challenged the norm repeatedly and without fear, this is
what made him a successful leader. Mandela was a controversial figure
for much of his life. Denounced as a communist terrorist by critics, he
nevertheless gained international acclaim for his activism, having
received more than 250 honours, including the 1993 Nobel Peace
Prize, the US Presidential Medal of Freedom, and the Soviet Lenin
Peace Prize. He is held in deep respect within South Africa. This shows
his leadership skill of inspiring people.

Comparison

It is my belief that a good leader can do all of the above but a

great leader must be able to respect all who come before them.
A leader must have a clear view of the future and it should be
their one goal in life to make that vision become a reality.
Nelson Mandela had the advantage of age and more experience.
This was something that Iqbal sorely lacked. He only walked this

earth for 12 measly years but in that time he underwent the

harshest of treatment. He saw all of the greatest evils and
greatest good of humankind. This gave him a unique point of
view that made him so successful in leading others.
As a child Iqbal Masih was made to feel like nobody cared and he
had no options but this was not the case. He overcame all of the
obstacles against him just as Nelson Mandela did. This made
them stronger and more capable of leading others.