BI GING XDND

II. Nguyn tc chn my*: (u tin phi ni khi nim)

1. Chn my chnh trc, my ph sau trn c s my ph phi m bo pht huy
ti a nng sut ca my chnh (my ph c th lm vic gin on cn my chnh
phi lm vic lin tc). Thng chn nng sut t hp my ph ln hn hoc bng
nng sut t hp my chnh. Trong xy dng nn ng, my trc tip o, p l
my chnh.
2. Vic chn my phi xt mt cch tng hp v: tnh cht cng trnh, iu kin
thi cng v my mc thit b hin c, phi m bo kinh t nht.
V d:
- Chiu cao o p 0,75m: c th dng my san vn chuyn ngang.
- Chiu cao o p 1,5m: c th dng my i vn chuyn ngang.
- Nn o su hn 1,5m: c th dng my o (my xc) kt hp t vn
chuyn.
- My bnh xch phi lm vic a hnh c dc t nhin 20% m
bo an ton.
- My bnh lp phi lm vic a hnh c dc 10%.
- Nu dc khng m bo my lm vic an ton (>20%)th trc khi b
tr my lm vic, phi dng nhn lc o t h bt dc, to din thi cng rng
34m my lm vic an ton.
II. Phm vi s dng my i:
+ Ly t t thng u vn chuyn ngang p nn ng cao khng qu 1,5 m;
ti a khng qu 3m vi c ly nh hn 50 m.
+ o t nn ng o vn chuyn dc n p nn p vi c ly khng qu
100 m.
+ o nn ng hnh ch L trn sn dc.
+ Ngoi ra c th lm ng tm, ry c, nh cp, nh r cy, san t, lp h
mng, o khun o ng , tng sc ko cho my xc chuyn, thu dn vt liu, cu
my b ly, v c th phi hp lm vic vi my o, xe vn chuyn.
1.Nng sut ca my i khi xn v vn chuyn t:
N

T .K t
.Q.Kd
t.K r

(m3/ca)

Trong :
T: Thi gian lm vic trong mt ca (7 gi).
Kt: H s s dng thi gian (0,72-0,75).
Q: th tch t cht trc li i khi bt u vn chuyn (m3).
Q

L .H 2K tt
2.K r .tg

(m3 )

Trong :
+ L: Chiu di li i (m).
+ H: Chiu cao li i (m).
+ : Gc ni ma st ca t, ph thuc vo trng thi ca t (tra bng).
+ Kr: H s ri rc ca t (tra bng).
+ Ktt=1-(0,005+4.Lc): H s tn tht t khi vn chuyn, ph thuc vo c ly
vn chuyn, vo khong 0,70,95. Vi Lc l c li vn chuyn t (km)
1

BI GING XDND

Kd: H s nh hng ca dc (tra bng ri chia cho 100).

t: thi gian lm vic ca mt chu k (pht).
L
L L
t x c t 2tq 2th td
vx vc vt

Trong :
Lx: Chiu di xn t (km):

Lx

Q
1000 L h

L: Chiu di li i (m)
h: chiu su xn t bnh qun (m)
vx: Tc xn t (km/gi)
Lc: Chiu di chuyn v ri t (km)
vc: Tc chuyn t (km/gi).
Lt: Chiu di li li (km), Lt= Lx + Lc
vt: Tc li li (km/gi)
tq: Thi gian quay u chuyn hng (gi)
th: Thi gian nng h li i (gi)
td: Thi gian i s (gi)
2.Phm vi s dng my xc chuyn:
+ Ly t t thng u p ln nn ng cao hn 1,5 m
+ Ly t t nn o vn chuyn dc sang p nn p vi c ly xa >100m.
Vi loi my nh th c ly vn chuyn < 300m.
1. Nng sut ca my xc chuyn c th tnh theo cng thc sau:
N

T .K T
.Q K c (m3/ca)
tKr

Trong :
T: Thi gian lm vic trong mt ca (7 gi)
KT: H s s dng thi gian (Kt = 0,8 0,9)
Q: Dung tch thng (m3)
Kc: H s cha y thng (Kc = 0,8 l,0)
Kr: H s ri rc ca t
t : Thi gian ca mt chu k lm vic ca my (ph)
t

2 tq td
Ld
Lc
Lx
Ll

1000
.vx
1000.v
1000.v
1000.v
60
d
c
l

Trong :
+ Lx: Chiu di xn t (m)
+ Ld: Chiu di t(m)
+ Lc: Chiu di chuyn t (m)
+ Ll: Chiu di quay li(m)
+ vx: Tc xn t (km/h)
+ vc: Tc chuyn t (km/h)
+ vl: Tc quay li (km/h)
+ t: Thi gian i s: t =0,4 0,5 pht
+ tq: Thi gian quay u: tq =0,3 pht
2

(gi)

BI GING XDND

a.Tnh s lng xe cn thit cho 1 my o:

Phi da trn iu kin pht huy ti a nng sut lm vic ca my o.
C th tnh s lng xe vn chuyn t mi quan h sau:
s chuyn xe cho 1 my o trong 1 ca =

T Kx n T K

tx
t

Rt ra cng thc tnh s lng xe vn chuyn cn thit cho 1 my o:

n

K tx
K x t

Khi tnh ra s xe n th lm trn ln thnh s nguyn ln hn l: n' n;

T : S gi lm vic trong mt ca;
K x : H s s dng thi gian ca xe vn chuyn, thng ly bng 0,9;
tx : Thi gian ca mt chu k vn chuyn t ca xe vn chuyn (gi);
L
L
)
V1 V2

tx= tb td 2 tq (

(gi)

tb=t.: thi gian bc t ln y xe (gi)

td: thi gian t ra khi xe (gi)
tq: thi gian 1 ln quay u xe (gi)
L: c ly vn chuyn (km)
V1: vn tc xe khi vn chuyn t (km/h)
V2: vn tc xe khi quay li (khng c t) (km/h)
K : H s s dng thi gian ca my o, thng ly bng 0,75;
t : Thi gian ca mt chu k o v t t (c 1 gu) ca my
o, thng ly bng 15 20 giy (i ra gi);
K Q K

Q
r
- S gu y c mt thng xe, V K
g
cg
Q - Sc ti trng ca xe, (tn);
Kq: h s s dng ti trng (Kq 1).
K r - H s ri rc ca t;
- Dung trng ca t, (tn/m3);
Vg - Dung tch gu, (m3);
K - H s cha y gu.
c lm trn ln s nguyn sao cho khng qu ti.
cg

Q.KQ=

K cg Vg

K V

Kr

cx
x
Hoc: V K
g
cg
Cn phi kim tra li theo dung tch thng xe Vx chn s gu hp l:
.Vg K cg Vx.
c. Nng sut 1 xe vn chuyn:

hoc:

T.K x .Q.KQ K r
tx

T.K x .Vx .K cx
tx

m3/ca
m3/ca

BI GING XDND

4.Nng sut ca my o:
N ao

Nng sut trong mt gi: Nh= T .K

m3 / h)

TK

V K

g
cg
Nng sut trong mt ca: N ao t K
( m3 / ca)

r
T - S gi lm vic trong mt ca (7gi);
t - Thi gian ca mt chu k o t ca my o (gi);
Vg - Dung tch gu, (m3);
K - H s cha y gu;
K r - H s ri rc ca t;
K - H s s dng thi gian ca my o, ly K = 0,68 0,72 khi t
vo xe vn chuyn, K = 0,78 0,88 khi t vo ng t b.
Nng sut c th t ti 200 1000 m3/ca.
I. Phm vi s dng my san:
My san c th lm cc cng vic
- San mt bng;
- Tu sa b mt nn ng m bo phng v dc ngang mui luyn thit k;
- Bt sa, lm phng mi taluy nn ng v thng u;
- Ly t thng u p nn ng cao di 0,75m, thi cng nn ng na
o na p (ch L), va o va chuyn ngang, o nn ng su n 0,5
0,6m, ;
- o rnh thot nc: My san c th o rnh tit din hnh tam gic hoc
hnh thang, phi lp thm cc thit b ph vo li san, t nghing li san theo ta
luy rnh.
cg

li san
ao ranh hnh thang

ao ranh tam giac

thi
t bphu

- o khun o ng bng my san:

Khi o khun o ng, my san phi bt u xn t t tim ng v
chuyn t dn ra l ng. Sau cng san phng lng ng v l ng, to dc
ngang mui luyn.
- nh cp trn sn dc.
- Ngoi ra: My san cn c th xi t khng cng, ry c, bc hu c, trn vt
liu, duy tu ng t.
My san ch c th lm c vi t xp, cn t cng th phi xi trc.
IV. Nng sut ca my san v bin php nng cao nng sut:
1. Nng sut khi xn, vn chuyn t ngang v san t:
N

60TFLK t
t

(5-27)

T - s gi lm vic trong mt ca;

K t - h s s dng thi gian;
F - tit din cng trnh thi cng, m2;
4

BI GING XDND

L - chiu di on thi cng, m;

t - thi gian tnh bng pht ca mt chu k (lm xong mt on thi cng c
chiu di L):
nx nc ns

2tq nx nc ns
V
V
Vs
c
x
nx,nc,ns - s ln xn, chuyn v san t trong mt chu k;
Vx ,Vc,Vs - tc my chy khi xn, chuyn v san t, m/pht;
t 2L

(5-28)

tq

- thi gian ca mt ln quay u, pht.

- Thit k s lu:
Mc ch m bo cht lng ca cng tc m nn v tng nng sut lu
ln, ph hp vi cc cng tc khc. Mun vy, s lu phi gii quyt m bo cc
yu cu sau:
+ Phi thit k s lu hp l, s lt lu phi tng i ng u vi tt
c mi im trn mt ng, ng thi mt ng phi bng phng sau khi lu ln.
+ B tr m nn sao cho to iu kin tng nhanh hiu qu m nn,
ng thi to c hnh dng trc ngang mt ng, phi m bo siu cao, mui
luyn v khng lm hng l.
Cn c vo 2 yu cu trn m chn loi lu khc nhau v chn phm vi chng
vt tha mn cc yu cu trn.
- Chn chiu di thao tc (chiu di 1 on lu ln): cng ln cng tt v n t
l thun vi nng sut lu do gim c thi gian i s, quay u, nhng nu qu
ln th nha ngui, nc s bc hi m lu cha kp lu dn ti m s gim nh
hn m tt nht. Thng thng chiu di on lu ln t (25400)m.
- Tnh nng sut lu:
N

1000
.T.K t .L
L 0,01.L
(m/ca)
(
ts ).N ht.
V

Trong :
T: thi gian lm vic trong mt ca (7h).
Kt: h s s dng thi gian (l t s gia thi gian lm vic thc t v thi
gian lm vic trong mt ca).
V: tc di chuyn ca my lu (km/h).
ts: thi gian quay u, i s (gi).
L: chiu di thao tc (chiu di 1 on lu ln) (km).
: h s trng lp (chng vt bnh lu), 1,2 1,3
Nht: tng s hnh trnh lu (s vt) trn 1 on lu t cht.
* Nu cha c s lu:
+

N ht

B.N yc
2.0,75.b

(hnh trnh)

Trong :
B: chiu rng ca nn hay mt ng cn lu (m).
Nyc: s lt m nn yu cu t cht.
b: b rng ca bnh lu (m).
* Nu c s lu:
+ Xc nh Nht da vo s lu: Nht=Nck.nht
5

BI GING XDND

Nck: s chu k lu tc l s ln p dng s lu. Mi s lu l 1 chu

k.
Nck

nyc

: l s nguyn

nlt

nht v nlt: l s hnh trnh v s lt trong 1 chu k (m trn s

lu).
nyc l s lt t cht
- Tnh s my lu cn dng.
- K thut lu ln:
+ Nhng vt lu u tin phi cch mp nn ng 50cm. Phm vi 50 cm ny
dng m th cng m.
+ Qu trnh lu: lu t thp n cao, lu t ngoi vo trong nhm mc ch hn
ch s n hng v to dc mui luyn v dc siu cao.
+ Cc vt lu phi chng ln nhau t (1520)cm cho b mt nn ng
bng phng v trnh hin tng b st.
+ Vi cc lp mt ng bn di: mp ngoi vt lu ngoi cng phi cch
mp thnh chn (hoc mp trong l ng) ti thiu 10 cm.
+ Vi lp mt ng trn cng: vt lu ngoi cng phi lu ln ra l 2025 cm.
+ Giai on u dng lu nh, giai on sau dng lu nng trnh ph hoi
nn ng.
+ Tc lu: Ban u lu vi tc thp, sau tng dn nhng lt tip theo
(nhng lt gia), nhng lt lu cui cng th lu vi tc thp hn
V d:
Hy thit k s lu cho mt ng rng 7m, tnh nng sut lu. Bit s lt lu
yu cu 16l/, s dng lu 2 trc 2 bnh c chiu rng 1 bnh 1,3m. H s trng vt
bnh lu: =1,3. Tc lu 2km/h
Thi gian 1 ca l 7h, h s s dng thi gian 0,72.
Gii:
+ S lu:
B qua cc vt lu ca bnh trc v bnh trc nh.
Vt lu ngoi cng cch mp thnh chn 0,1m.
S vt bnh lu c th xp c lin tc:

B m 0,1x2 7 0,1x2

5,2vt
; lm
1,3
1,3

trn

xung 5 vt
Chiu rng cn tha sau khi xp cc vt lu lin tip: Bm-0,1x2-5x1,3=0,3m
Vy ta chn khong chng ti thiu 2 vt bnh lu l 0,3m. c s lu nh sau:
7
1,3

0,1
0,3

BI GING XDND

Nhn trn s lu ta thy mi chu k c 2l/im, s lt yu cu l 16 l/im,

nh vy s chu k phi p dng s lu: 16/2=8 chu k. m trn s lu, mi chu
k c 10 hnh trnh. Vy tng s hnh trnh lu cht l: Nht=8x10=80 hnh trnh
+ Xc nh nng sut lu:
P

1000 T K t L 1000 7 0,7

93,3
1,01 L
1,01
N ht
80 1,3
V
2

(m/ca)

I. Xc nh khi lng cng tc t:

1. Tnh khi lng o p:
Khi lng o (p) V12 gia 2 trc ngang 1 v 2 tnh nh sau:
V12

S1 S2
L
2

(m3)

S1; S2: din tch o (p) ca 2 trc ngang 1 v 2

(m2)
L: Khong cch gia 2 trc ngang 1 v 2
(m)
Khi lng p sau khi tnh theo cng thc trn c nhn vi h s iu
chnh

Kc

yc
n

ph hp vi khi lng o cha lu. Thng Kc=1,2.

yc: dung trng yu cu ca nn p sau khi lu cht(t/m3)

n: dung trng ca t nn o (t/m3)
Khi lng o p c tnh theo bng sau:

S (m )

Stb
(m2)

L trnh
o

S1 S2
2

L
(m)

Vo
m3

Vp
m3

1,2.Vp

Vtch ly=
+Vo-1,2.Vp

(1)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
KM0+00
KM0+15
...
...
2.? iu phi vn chuyn t, phn on thi cng:
2.1. ng cong tch ly t:
- Nu coi khi lng t o mang du (+) v khi lng t p mang du
(-) th khi lng t tch ly ti cc th i l tng i s khi lng o v khi
lng p t u tuyn n cc i.
- Lp h trc, vi trc honh l chiu di tuyn, trc tung biu din khi
lng t tch ly, ni cc im biu din khi lng t tch ly ti cc cc ta s
c ng cong tch ly t.

BI GING XDND
TR
C DO
C
ao

X1

ao

X2

X3

X4

ao

V
(+)

V1

V2
NG CONG TCH LUY
T
(-)

- c im ca ng cong tch ly t:
Khi ng cong i ln: Nn ng thin v o
Khi ng cong i xung: Nn ng thin v p
ng cong cng dc: Khi lng thi cng cng ln v ngc li.
Ti v tr im xuyn (v tr giao nhau gia ng v ng en
trn trc dc): ng cong t cc tr (nh)
ng cong nm trn ng 0 th t ang tha v ngc li.
Hiu s V hai tung ca hai im trn ng cong biu th khi
lng t tch ly ring gia hai cc .
V d V=V2-V1 l tng i s khi lng o v khi lng p t
cc 1 n cc 2, nhn trn hnh ta thy V<0 nn t cc 1 n cc 2
khi lng p > khi lng o.
Nu k mt ng ngang no (v d ng AB) ct ng cong
tch ly t ti hai im th t hai giao im ny dng ln trc dc ta s
c mt on nn ng trong khi lng o cn bng vi khi
lng p bng hiu tung t hai im n nh (tch ly ring
bng 0).
2.2. ng iu phi dc:
V (+)

G
A

L tb1

M
V
K B
L tb2
L
E
D

C
(-)

F
L tb3

L tb4

- ng iu phi dc l mt on thng nm ngang c v trn ng

cong tch ly t.
- Nu ng iu phi dc ct ng cong tch ly t ti 2 im th ta c
iu phi dc 1 nhnh.
8

BI GING XDND

- Nu ng iu phi dc ct ng cong tch ly t ti 3 im th ta c

iu phi dc 2 nhnh.v.v
- Trn ng cong tch ly ta c th v nhiu ng iu phi dc cc
on khc nhau.
+ AB v CD l 2 ng iu phi dc 1 nhnh.
+ EF l ng iu phi dc 2 nhnh.
2.3. Cch v ng iu phi dc:
2.3.1. Tnh c ly vn chuyn dc kinh t:
LKT (l1 l 2 l 3 ).K
(m)
Trong :
l1: c ly o nn ng vn chuyn ngang i (m)
l2: c ly ly t vn chuyn ngang p on nn p (m)
l3: c ly tng c li khi vn chuyn dc (m)
l3=1020m: i vi my i
l3=100200m: i vi my xc chuyn
K: h s iu chnh
K=1,1: i vi my i
K=1,15: i vi my xc chuyn
LKT(my i)=70100m
LKT(my xc chuyn)=250300m
2.3.2. Cc nguyn tc v ng iu phi dc:
ng iu phi dc c v m dn theo cc nguyn tc sau:
- NT1: C ly vn chuyn trung bnh Ltb trong mi nhnh phi LKT
C ly Ltb c v mi nhnh sao cho m bo din tch hnh cong
cha nh bng din tch hnh ch nht c cnh Ltb.
V d: khi xc nh Ltb1, din tch hnh cong AB phi bng din tch
hnh ch nht GHKM.
- NT2: Tng chiu di cc nhnh l tr Tng chiu di cc nhnh
chn LKT nu s nhnh l l.
Tng chiu di cc nhnh l phi bng tng chiu di cc nhnh chn
nu s nhnh l chn.
- NT3: Khi lng o V v khi lng p V mi nhnh l ln nht
2.4. Cc tnh cht ca ng iu phi dc:
- Trong phm vi ng iu phi dc th khi lng o V bng khi lng
p V v c cc hnh thc thi cng sau:
+ Ly t phn o trn trc ngang vn chuyn ngang p vo phn p
trn trc ngang .
+ Ly t on ng o vn chuyn dc p vo on ng p trn
trc dc
- Ngoi phm vi ng iu phi dc c cc hnh thc thi cng sau:
+ Ly t phn o trn trc ngang vn chuyn ngang p vo phn p
trn trc ngang .

BI GING XDND

+ Ly t thng u 2 bn ta luy vn chuyn ngang p vo on ng

p.
1/3
10
1
6
10

5
9

9
5

7
2

8
3

2
>2m

tr
c ngang n
n ng

1/3

3
8

thung
u1

thung
u2

+ Ly t on ng o vn chuyn ngang b 2 bn ta luy, cch

mp ta luy ti thiu 5m.

t
bo

t
bo
>5m

n
n
ng

>5m

2.5. Phn on thi cng:

- C s phn on:
+ Ranh gii gia on c dc t nhin is<10% v on c dc t
nhin is>10% l ranh gii phn on.
+ Ranh gii gia on iu phi dc v iu phi ngang l ranh gii phn
on.
+ Dng mt ct ngang (hnh dng nn ng)
+ iu kin a cht tt xu.
+ Chiu su o p.
+ C ly vn chuyn.
+ My ch o, s lm vic ca my.
4. Sau khi xc nh phng php thi cng v chn my ch o cho tng
on th cn c vo khi lng cng tc tnh ton v da vo nng sut my,
nhn lc tnh theo cng thc hay tra nh mc tnh ra s cng nhn lc hay
s ca my cn thit cho tng on .
+ S cng nhn lc hoc ca my cn dng tnh nh sau:
x

M
K
N

x: S cng nhn lc hay ca my cn dng

M: khi lng cng vic cn lm (m3)
N: Nng sut my hoc nhn lc (m3/ca). C th tnh N theo cng thc
hoc tra nh mc XDCB.
K 1: h s d tr do my hng, nhn lc m au.
+ S lng my, nhn lc cn dng nh sau:
n

x
c.t

10

BI GING XDND

t: s ngy thc s lm vic trong thi gian thi cng yu cu.

c: s ca (cng) m 1 my (1 ngi) lm trong 1 ngy. (Nu bi khng
cp th xem c=1ca/ngy).
n: s lng my (ngi) cn dng.
x: s cng nhn lc hoc ca my cn dng
Kt qu tnh ton c tm tc theo bng sau:
STT
L
Khi
Phng Nng
S
s
thi
Ghi
on
trnh
lng php
sut
cng
nhn
gian
ch
thi
ca
lc,
hon
cng
my
thnh
5. Cn c vo kt qu tnh ton trn, thi im khi cng v hon thnh theo
quy nh m lp tin thi cng tng th (ch o) cho tng on, trn c
biu s dng my mc nhn lc tng thi im. Sau da vo tin thi
cng ch o lp k hoch iu ng nhn lc, xe, my, v lp k hoch cung cp
nguyn vt liu cn thit.
Th
ng k sl
ng Nhn l
c, may moc

Ti
n thi cng c
ng van
n ng

t (ngay)

t (ngay)

t (ngay)
1

12

3
20

Ti
n thi cng c
ng
oa
n thi cng
Lytrnh
Bnh
Lytrnh c
ng

2
Km0+500

L (m)

3
Km1+200

Km3+400

10

SL

Nhn l
c

SL

may ui

Km0+800

Thit k t chc thi cng chi tit l nghin cu chi tit qu trnh xy dng nn
ng v t chc t m cc phn i my thi cng. Ni dung ca n l chnh xc,
chi tit ha cc vn theo 5 trnh t trn, m trong thit k t chc thi cng tng
th mi l nhng nt chung. Nghin cu t m qu trnh thao tc k thut thi cng
nn ng nhm:
- Xc nh v so snh trnh t cc bc thi cng, cc tham s nh: chiu dy
ct t, san, m nn, cht yu cu; ch lm vic ca my, s chy my, tc
di chuyn ca my, s lt my i qua 1 ch
- Chn v so snh cc my ch o v cc my ph thc hin qu trnh thi
cng, xc nh nng sut my, nghin cu b tr cng tc cho cc my trn c s
m bo ch lm vic v nng sut ca chng.
III. H s thit k t chc thi cng:
1. H s thit k t chc thi cng tng th nn ng:
- Mt bng tng th: khu vc thi cng, b tr kho bi, ln tri, trm cung cp
in nc...
- Bn v thit k iu phi t v phn on thi cng. Trn c trc dc,
ng cong tch ly t, thit k iu phi dc, biu phn phi t tng cc.

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- Cc bng tnh khi lng cng tc, nh mc s dng nhn lc, vt t, my

mc tnh ton c s cng nhn lc, s ca my cn thit, s lng my, nhn
lc s dng v thi gian hon thnh tng cng vic tng on thi cng.
- Cc biu cung cp nhn lc, vt t, my mc: phi tng i n nh v
u n.
- K hoch v tin thi cng tng th cc hng mc cng trnh.
- Thuyt minh: vi ni dung l so snh cc gii php chn, thuyt minh t
m qu trnh thi cng v cc tnh ton cn thit.
2.? H s thit k t chc thi cng chi tit nn ng:
- Mt bng tng th ca cng trnh.
- Mt bng thi cng cc cng trnh tp trung: mt bng c dm, mt bng thi
cng nhng on o su, p cao, cu, k, tng chn...
- Thit k iu phi t cho tng on thi cng v tng Km ng.
- Cc s hot ng c th ca tng dy chuyn thi cng v ca c dy
chuyn tng hp: dy chuyn no lm trc, dy chuyn no lm sau.
- Cc bng tnh khi lng chi tit cho cc hng mc cng trnh.
- S lm vic, iu ng, lin h cng tc c th ca cc loi my mc, nhn
lc thi cng.
- V tr b tr cc loi vt liu, bn thnh phm, cc cu kin c sn...
- Cc bn v cho tng dy chuyn sn xut cc x nghip ph v cc m
khai thc vt liu.
- Bn v thi cng chi tit ti cc v tr cng trnh c x l c bit.
- Tin t chc thi cng chi tit nn ng.
I. Trnh t thi cng cng trn bn lp ghp*:
1. Khi phc v tr cng ngoi thc a, san bi t t cu kin, vt liu, khi
phc v tr cng v di cc ra ngoi phm vi thi cng.
2. Vn chuyn v bc d cc b phn ca cng n a im thi cng.
3. o h mng v ht nc (nu c nc).
4. Xy mng v lm lp m cng.
5. Lp t thn cng, xy tng u, tng cnh.
6. Lm mi ni ng cng v lp phng nc.
ngoai

4
1: rot matt nh
a
1

thanh c
ng

3
trong

2: gm
m

3: trat va xi mng
1-1,5cm

4:
p 2 lp vai t
m nh
a

7. p t st quanh cng v p khe h gia cng i, cng ba.

8. p t trn cng.
9. Xy chn khay, sn cng, gia c thng h lu.
II. Trnh t thi cng cng bn*:
1. nh v tim cng, dn dp mt bng.
2. Vn chuyn vt liu lm cng n a im thi cng.
3. o h mng v ht nc h mng (nu c ).
4. Xy mng cng, lng cng, m cng v tng cnh thng h lu.
5. Gia c thng h lu.
6. Lp t ct thp, b tng x m cng.
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BI GING XDND

7. Lp t bn mt cng hoc lp dng vn khun, t ct thp b tng bn

mt cng.
8. T trt hon thin.

13