C

CCU CM BIN
TI
GVHD

: NGUYN PHNG HNG

THC HIN : NHM 4

Cm bin
v tr v
lng dch
chuyn

o
vn
tc

o lc
C
CU
CM
BIN

o
gia
tc
o
nhit

o
mc
o lu
lng

C CU CM
BIN
Cm bin v tr v
lng dch chuyn

o vn tc

o gia tc

o lc

5.1)CM BIN V TR V LNG DCH

CHUYN

1) Khi nim

Nhng thit b m cung cp thng tin cho

b iu khin v nhng g ang thc s
xy ra th c gi l cm bin
(sensor/transducer)

Hu ht cc cm bin thc hin bin i i lng

vt l ( nhit ,p sut ) thnh tn hiu in.

2) Nguyn l hot ng

3) Bin tr ( potentiometer )

Bin tr thng :
Bin tr gc :

Eout

Eout

x
.Es
L

.Es
L

a) phn gii
Nu bin tr c dng dy qun N vng ,th phn gii ca bin
tr l bc in p gia 2 vng lin k v c xc nh l

b) Sai s
Sai s ph ti (loading error ) xy ra khi con trt ca bin tr
c ni vi ti c tr khng ln khng ng k so vi gi tr ca
bin tr
Sai s ph ti ENL EL

3) Cc cm bin khc
Bin th vi sai tuyn tnh
Cm bin in quang
Cm bin tip cn
Cm bin tip cn in dung
Cm bin tip cn hiu ng hall

5.2. o vn tc
B PHT TC 1 CHIU

5.2 o vn tc

B pht tc quang hc
Mt b m ha gia lng ni lin vi 1 trc quay to
nn 1 dy xung.T c th d dng nhn c mt
tn hiu vi vn tc s.

5.2 o vn tc
Tng t i vi phng
php kiu cm ng

5.2 o vn tc

5.3 O GIA TC

1. Gii thiu cm bin gia tc :

* Cc cm bin gia tc c ch to da trn cng

ngh vi c in t (MEMS) v vi h thng .
* V c bn c ba loi cm bin gia tc, l cm
bin gia tc kiu t , p in v p in tr.

5.3 O GIA TC:

Module cm bin gia tc 3 trc

5.3 O GIA TC:

* Cm bin gia tc kiu p tr l thng dng nht bi
cc u im vt tri nh nhy cao, gi thnh r,
mch x l tn hiu n gin .

ng dng trong cc lnh vc nh y sinh , cng

nghip t , in t dn dng, khoa hc khng gian

5.3 O GIA TC
2. Nguyn tc hot ng:
* ng dng hiu ng p in tr ( l hin tng
thay i in tr ca vt liu tinh th di tc
dng ca ng c .)
1

Cm bin chu tc dng ca gia tc

dch chuyn ca ca khi gia trng

Thanh dm bin dng

in tr trn thanh dm bin i t l thun vi gia tc

5.3 O GIA TC
Lu

chng
trnh m phng

5.3 O GIA TC
p

in tr c coi l ngun nhit

5.3 O GIA TC
3. Cm bin gia tc kiu p in tr:
Cu hnh cm bin gia tc 3 chiu
Kch thc 1.51.50.5 mm3

5.3 O GIA TC
Chng lp cc mt n s dng phn mm
L-EDIT

Hiu ng p in tr c ng dng xc nh cc gia tc

tc ng vo cm bin.

5.3 O GIA TC
P DNG CA CM BIN CH TO:
1/ o gia tc tnh :
S dng gia tc trng trng
(l gia tc tnh) th cm bin c
th c s dng nh b o gc
- thit b c s dng rt rng ri
cho rbt, t, ngn ng du hiu...
tc s nm trong khong
t -g ti +g (g=9,8 m/s2).
Gia

5.3 O GIA TC
a c s lin h gia gia tc o a v in th u ra Vra ca
cm bin .

H o gia tc tnh

5.3 O GIA TC
qu o gc nghing thu c s dng cm bin gia tc
trn khi so snh vi tn hiu l tng.

Kt

5.3 O GIA TC
2/ Do gia tc ng phn tch rung :
Phn tch rung l mt ng dng rt ph bin ca cm
bin gia tc
Chng ta s dng 1 b to dao ng hnh sin, sau khi
qua b khuch i s a ti mt b to rung m trn
gn sn cm bin gia tc.
Khi bi rung, tn hiu t cm bin s c khuch i,
ly mu v truyn v my tnh.
Ti my tnh s tin hnh vic phn tch tn hiu trn
min tn s nhm tm ra tn s rung ca tn hiu.

5.3 O GIA TC

M hnh h thng to rung

5.3 O GIA TC
H thng c cho rung ti tn s 6 Hz, tn hiu ti u ra ca
cm bin l kh nh (c mV)
Nn cn s dng b khuch i (K=20) trc khi a ti b ly
v gi mu (tn s ly mu l 200 Hz l tho mn iu kin
Shannon).
S dng k thut phn tch Fourier c bn s cho kt qu phn
tch nh hnh sau:

5.3 O GIA TC

S dng k thut phn tch Fourier c bn s

cho kt qu phn tch

FFT

Phn tch ph tn hiu gia tc dung

5.3 O GIA TC

Phn

tch ph tn hiu gia tc dung phng php Welch

5.3 O GIA TC

Nhn xt rng h thng c th pht hin

ra tn s rt chnh xc vi sai s kh nh
m nguyn nhn cng c th l do
chnh xc ca b to dao ng.

5.4 O LC
Lc l 1 i lng vt l to nhm to nn s thay i vn tc hay
hnh ng vt th
Hai lc (cng tc dng ln 1 vt) c ln bng nhau v i nhau
gi l 2 lc cn bng
Hai phng php to ra s cn bng lc:

T bo cm bin lc
cn l xo

B chuyn i lc
kh p
Cn bng n cn

5.4 O LC

1.Cm bin lc bin dng:

L kiu chuyn i c kh dng o bin dng sc cng ca 1 vt
cng khi c lc tc ng
Kiu chuyn i ny da vo s thay i v tr khng trong tm in
tr khi b lc tc ng. Tm in tr l h thng cc dy qun. Dy
qun c th lm t kim loi ( ng, st, platin) hoc t cht bn dn
(silic, german).
C 2 loi:

Tm in tr lin kt o bin
dng mt im c bit trn
b mt ca b phn n hi. Loi
ny c th o c t vi kg n
vi tn
Tm in tr khng lin kt

5.4 O LC

5.4 O LC
o

sc cng dng k thut mch cu cn bng. tuy

nhin nhit lm nh hng n tr khng. Do
cn thit k thm mch b

5.4 O LC

Phn tch mch nh hnh trn, ta c:

Ga s xt 4 in tr ca mch cu u c gi tri R khi mch

cu cn bng. Khi c s bin dng RG=R+ R

5.4 O LC
V d: Mt tm in tr c dng o
lc ko trn 1 khi tr c din tch mt ct
ngang A= 13cm2. Tm in tr c gi tr
danh ngha l 120 ( ) v h s bin dng
G=2. Mch cu c cp ngun VS= 10 V.
Khi khng c lc ko mch cu cn bng,
do VOUT= 0V. Khi c lc ko mch cu
c gi tr VOUT= 0,0005 V. Xc nh lc
tc dng ln khi tr, bit E= 2.07x107
(N/cm2 )

5.4 O LC
Cm bin lc kh p
Loi cm bin ny lm vic da vo trn phng php cn bng
khng. Lccn o c
cn bng vi mt phn lc to nn bi p sut tc ng nn b
mt tm mng n hi.
Lng p sut t l vi lc cn o v do gi tr p sut o
c phn nh gi tr lc cn o.

Thnh vin nhm 4:

Hunh Phng Chi- 20900229
Gia Th Thanh Chi20904065
Nguyn L Kim Ngn- 20904402
Trn Th Tuyt20904760
Nguyn T Uyn20904780
CHN THNH CM N S LNG NGHE V
CH CA THY V CC BN