(7) Modern Logic.

The treatment of logical problems known by this name

owes its origin to the Hegelian Philosophy. It is plain that thinkers who deny
the distinction between the order of things external to us, and the order of
thought within, were bound to institute a new enquiry into the nature of
those mental acts, which had hitherto been regarded as representative of
the real order. The principal exponents of Modern Logic in England are Mr.
Bradley and Mr. Bosanquet: Their work, however, is very largely based on
that of the eminent German logicians Lotze and Sigwart. According to Mr.
Bosanquet the only difference between Logic and Metaphysics lies in the
aspect under which they view the same subject matter. "I make no doubt,"
he says, "that in content Logic is one with Metaphysics, and differs if at all
simply in mode of treatment - in tracing the evolution of knowledge in the
light of its value and import instead of attempting to summarise its value
and import apart from the details of its evolution" (Logic,I. 248). The
operations of the mind - judgment and reasoning - are according to this
view regarded as vital functions, by which the totality we call "the real
world" is intellectually constituted. The task of Logic is to analyse the
process of constitution (ibid. p3).