Bi 6: PIVOT TABLE - k nng tuyt vi trong excel

http://takeyourcel.blogspot.com/2014/06/bai-6-pivot-table-ky-nang-tuyet-voi.html

PIVOT TABLE
1. Khi nim
Hiu n gin th Pivot table trong excel l vic TO RA 1 BNG MI, T 1 BNG D LIU BAN
U, TRONG BNG MI NY C TH XOAY CHUYN B CC V TP HP D LIU MT
CCH RT LINH HOT
bao gi bn gp 1 bng s liu gm rt nhiu d liu, nhiu iu kin phc tp, rc ri (c bit
vi nhng bng d liu c trch xut t 1 phn mm no )
V d: Bn c 5 ca hng, mi ca hng bn 200 sn phm, v hng ngy bn cn theo di mi ca
hng bn c bao nhiu sn phm, th nhng phn mm bn hng li a ra 1 ci bng dng nh:
Gi bn
1:00
1:01
1:01
.....

Ngy bn
01/01/13
01/01/13
01/01/13

Tn hng
Hng A
Hng B
Hng C

S lng Ca hng
5
CH1
1
CH2
2
CH1

V d liu trn ko di c hng nghn dng, khin vic tp hp d liu theo yu cu rt kh khn.
C th: lm sao theo di c CH 1 bn c nhng mt hng no, s lng bn l bao nhiu trong
bng ny, v vi CH2, 3, 4, 5 th nh th no?
Rt n gin, ch vi Pivot table, sau vi c click chut bn c cu tr li nhanh v chnh xc n
khng ng, mt khong 10-30s ty tc bn thao tc excel, tit kim thi gian v khng phi suy
ngh cng thc no c.
2. Cch thc hin
(p dng vi 1 dng ca pivot table - mnh gii thiu cch mnh thng dng nht. Pivot table rt a
dng v nhiu chc nng, nhiu cch lm. H tr trn nhiu loi file, bng biu)
+ Bc 1: Bi en vng bng cn thc hin pivot table
+ Bc 2: Bm menu Insert, chn Pivot Table
+ Bc 3: Khi hin ra bng Create PivotTable, cc ni dung nh sau:

- Choose the data that you want to analyze (La chn thng tin bn mun phn tch - gi l d
liu gc, ngun)
+ Select a table or range: La chn bng hoc vng d liu ( thc hin bc 1. Nu
bc 1 chn th y s c sn)
+ Use an external data source : S dng ngun d liu ni khc. Bn c th lin kt ti 1
file d liu khc. Tuy nhin mnh thng lm trong cng 1 file cho d theo di v update.
Ch c chn 1 trong 2 kh nng ly d liu ngun
Bng d liu ngun bt buc phi c dng tiu (v d nh dng cha d liu Gi bn,
Ngy bn, tn hng, s lng, ca hng... thng l dng u tin pha trn cng ca bng d liu)
- Choose where you want the Pivot Table report to be placed (La chn ni bn mun hin th
bng kt qu PivotTable - gi l kt qu)
+ New worksheet: l 1 sheet mi
+ Existing worksheet: vo 1 v tr xc nh no , la chn v tr bng cch click vo du la
chn bn phi ca Location.
+ Bc 4:
Sau khi thc hin xong bc 3, click vo nt ok, s hin ra cu trc ca bng Pivot table tools
nh hnh sau

Pivot Table Fields (pha trn bn phi) - l cc ct tiu ca bng d liu. Bn c th chn cc ct
tiu no c s dng trong bng pivot bng cch bm vo chn.
V d: chn cc ct: Ngy bn, tn hng, s lng, ca hng.
Khi la chn cc ct trn, cc ct s t ng c a vo vng Drag fields between areas below
(pha di bn phi). Ti vng ny, bn c th chn cch sp xp b cc bng d liu ty thch bng
cch a cc fields (ct tiu - trng d liu) vo cc vng nh Filters, Columns, Rows, Values
c kt qu nh mun. Thc hin bng cch click chut vo 1 fields bt k, gi chut v ko vo
vng cn chn, khi ko n ni th th chut (thao tc ko v th - tng tng nh bn cm 1 vin
ti vng rows, v t sang vng columns
Trong gm:
Filters: l ct s dng lc (v d khi bn chn ct ca hng, th s c 1 vng ring cha thng
tin v cc ca hng, v bng d liu s lc kt qu cho tng ca hng mt mi khi bn chn)
Columns: trnh by d liu di dng ct, mi d liu trong fields ny s l 1 ct. V d bn a
Fields Ca hng vo vng columns, th s xut hin 5 ct cho 5 ca hng.
Rows: trnh by d liu theo hng, mi d liu trong fields s l 1 hng, v d liu ch xut hin 1
ln. V d bn chn Fields ngy bn, tn hng vo rows, s t lc theo tng ngy, v trong ngy
cc hng bn c s ch xut hin 1 ln.
Values: Gi tr cn tnh ton. V d bn cn tnh tng hng bn c theo tng ngy ca tng ca
hng, a fields S lng vo vng Values.
Trong vng Values, bn c th chn cch tnh. v d nh tnh tng, tnh trung bnh... bng cch bm
vo fields S lng, chn Value Field Setting.
Trong bng Value Field Setting, chn cch tnh trong mc Summarize value field by
Sum - tnh tng
Count - m s ln xut hin
Average - tnh trung bnh
Max - tnh s ln nht

Min - tnh s nh nht

Product - tnh tch
... (cc phn pha di t dng, bn c th tra cu cc thut ng ting anh trn google tm hiu
thm nu cn)
Trong bn c th nh dng d liu s hin th ti vng ny bng cch click vo Number Format
trong Value Fields settings. V d nh nh dng mu sc, m nht, c ch to nh...
Cc ni dung trn l mnh ly v d thi nh, ty thc t yu cu cc bn c th t thit k cho mnh 1
bng pivot ty thch. Thao tc ch l ko v th cc fields vo vng thch hp ra kt qu nh
mun.
Lu :
PivotTable c chc nng Subtotals, l tnh tng tng phn. V d: t to dng tnh tng cc hng
bn c hng ngy ca cc ca hng. Tuy nhin c th lm ri mt v bng c qu nhiu phn ph.
Bn c th tt chc nng subtotal bng thao tc sau:
Ti phn Pivottable Tools ( bng thanh cng c ca excel - s xut hin phn ny khi bn s dng
pivot table), mc Subtotals, n vo , chn Do not show subtotals tt chc nng subtotals. Bm
vo Show all subtotals.. hin chc nng ny.
bng pivot d nhn hn, bn click chut phi vo v tr bt k trong bng kt qu, chn Pivot table
option, sang tab Display, click chn Classic PivotTable layout.
Ngoi ra c cc chc nng h tr thit k pivot table khc trn mc Design ca PivotTable Tools, bn
c th tm hiu thm.
c ng bi Duong Quan