Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Kelsey
Koonce
September
23,
2015
Anthropology
1020
Introduction
a.
In
Intense
Natural
Selection
in
a
Population
of
Darwins
Finches
in
the
Galapagos
by
Peter
T.
Boag
1981
It
talks
about
how
the
finches
survived
though
a
drought
on
Daphne
Major
Island.
It
was
nonrandom
and
the
birds
with
the
larger
beaks,
especially
the
males
survived
the
best
because
theyre
beaks
were
big
enough
to
crack
the
large
shells
of
the
seeds
that
survived
the
drought.
The
birds
with
the
smaller
beaks
could
not
crack
the
seeds
and
slowly
died
off.
In
another
article
Bmp4
and
Morphological
Variation
of
Beaks
in
Darwins
Finches
by
Arhat
Abzhanov,
Meredith
Protas,
B.
Rosemary
Grant,
Peter
R.
Grant
and
Clifford
J.
Tabin
2004,
they
talked
about
Darwins
finches
being
a
classic
example
of
diversity
by
natural
selection.
They
looked
at
the
variation
in
beak
morphology
and
how
it
associated
with
the
variety
of
ecological
niches.
They
performed
an
analysis
of
patterns
of
various
growth
factors
and
found
that
the
upper
beaks
strongly
correlated
with
deep
and
broad
beak
morphology.
The
finches
having
the
bigger
beak
were
able
to
survive
the
drought
and
therefore
were
able
to
create
more
offspring
thus
why
they
continued
to
grow
in
number
and
beak
size.
We
decided
to
create
our
own
Natural
Selection
Lab
and
this
is
how
it
went.
b.
i.
Hypothesis:
I
predict
that
given
a
better
beak,
the
better
we
will
live.
I
think
that
the
chip
clips,
and
tongs
will
increase
and
all
else
will
decrease.
ii.
In
looking
at
all
the
different
tools
to
be
used
at
as
beaks
I
looked
at
what
would
be
the
easiest
to
manipulate,
and
use
and
what
could
really
hold
the
seed
easily.
As
well
as
what
would
have
the
greatest
speed.
Materials
and
Methods
a. The
materials
used
for
the
experiment
were:
5
tongs,
5
clothes
pins,
5
chopsticks,
5
tweezers,
5
hair
clips,
5
chip
clips,
and
2
binder
clips.
b. Spreading
about
150
seeds
at
approximately
12
tables
participants
sat
down
and
was
passed
out
different
beaks
(materials).
They
were
handed
out
at
random
with
different
people
all
having
the
different
materials
mentioned
above.
Participants
were
given
a
small
cup
to
put
their
seeds
in
and
were
timed.
The
experimenter
conducting
the
experiment
started
them
all
at
the
same
time
and
gave
them
one
minute
to
gather
as
many
seeds
as
possible
in
that
time
frame.
After
the
minute
was
up
the
participants
counted
their
seeds.
The
three
participants
with
the
most
seeds
went
to
the
front
of
the
room
and
were
given
a
prize
as
well
as
keeping
the
same
beak
(material)
they
had
used
previously.
The
three
participants
with
the
lowest
amount
of
seeds
were
then
given
whatever
material
had
the
most
seeds
and
their
beak
died
off.
Then
it
was
repeated
with
a
minute
and
the
gathering
of
seeds
and
the
winners
getting
prizes,
the
bad
beaks
dying
off
and
getting
the
better
beak
and
then
done
again.
This
was
repeated
5
times.
On
the
last
round
the
participants
switched
with
a
random
person
taking
their
beak
to
see
how
they
survived.
Results
a:
#
of
times
Base
Tongs
Clothes
pins
5
5
Chopsticks
Tweezers
5
5
Hair clips
Chip clips
Binder clips
1st
2nd
3rd
8
5
6
2
5
8
5
10
1
4th
8
3
5th
11
4
12
0
4
11
0
B:
14
12
10
Series
1
Series
2
Series
3
6
series
4
Series
5
Series 6
2
0
Tongs
C:
People
with
the
tongs
increased
with
each
segment
starting
with
5
and
going
to
6,
7,
8,
8
and
ending
with
11.
The
clothes
pins
slowly
decreased
starting
with
5
and
lowering
to
4,
3,
3,
3,
and
then
ending
with
2.The
chopsticks
decreased
fast
starting
with
5
and
going
to
3,2,1,1,
and
ending
with
0.
The
tweezers
were
more
inconsistent
increasing
and
then
decreasing,
starting
with
5
and
going
up
to
6,
6,
and
then
decreasing
to
4,
4,
and
ending
with
4.
The
hairclips
stayed
consistent
until
the
end
starting
with
5,
5,
5,
5,
and
then
going
down
to
4,
and
ending
with
4.
The
chip
clips
did
the
best
starting
at
5
and
increasing
to
6,
8,
10,
and
12
until
the
end
with
an
11.
The
binder
clips
started
with
the
lowest
amount
at
2
and
decreasing
from
2,
1,
1,
and
0,
0.
Conclusion:
A:
My
hypothesis
ended
up
being
correct
in
that
the
tongs
and
chip
clips
did
the
best
and
all
the
others
decreased
or
died
off
with
time.
B:
Both
the
tongs
and
chip
clips
ending
with
11
as
the
highest
number.
C:
Possible
error
were
your
hands
getting
tired
and
slowing
you
down
as
well
as
switching
with
someone
and
the
person
with
the
beak
not
staying
consistent.
D:
Replication
of
this
experiment
could
have
the
same
results
if
the
same
type
of
people
were
given
the
same
type
of
material.
But
they
could
also
have
completely
different
results
if
someone
was
not
as
naturally
coordinated
with
that
specific
tool.
Discussion:
A:
The
scientific
method
is
a
procedure
that
uses
observation,
measurement
and
experiment.
There
are
six
steps
to
the
scientific
method.
1.
Select
a
topic
and
review
past
theory
and
research.
2.
Develop
a
theory
and
generate
a
hypothesis.
3.
Obtain
approval.
4.
Run
the
study/experiment
aka
collect
the
data.
5.
Analyze
the
data.
6.
Report
the
results.
There
are
many
fields
that
use
the
scientific
method.
My
field
psychology
does,
anthropology,
biology,
chemistry,
marketing,
I
think
you
could
say
almost
every
field
does
whether
they
know
it
or
not.
B:
This
activity
used
the
scientific
method
by
coming
up
with
a
topic:
Darwins
finches.
I
then
developed
a
theory
about
it
and
hypothesis
and
then
I
ran
the
experiment
testing
different
beaks.
I
then
made
a
chart
and
analyzed
the
data.
And
now
I
am
reporting
my
results.
C:
More
humans,
species,
etc.
are
produced
each
generation
from
the
individual
with
the
best
traits
that
can
survive
that
specific
environment.
D:
The
better
material
continued
to
multiply
each
round
and
the
ones
that
didnt
work
well
with
the
seeds/environment
died
off.
E:
The
humans
that
had
the
better
blood
type
or
were
more
resistant
to
the
black
plague
were
able
to
survive
and
therefore
created
more
offspring
and
more
humans
with
that
specific
blood
type.
References:
Works
Cited
Grant,
P.R.
(1981)
Intense
Natural
Selection
in
a
Population
of
Darwins
Finches.
Abzhanov,
A.
,
Protas,
M.
Grant,
B.
R.
,
Grant,
P.
R.
,
Tabin,
C.J.
(2004)
Bmp4
and
Morphological
Variation
of
Beaks
in
Darwins
Finches.
www.sciencemag.org
Kelseys
psychology
notes
from
social
psychology
on
the
scientific
method.