Experiment no

Verification of kirchhoffs voltage law (kvl)

Requirement:s.n. Name of
equipment
1
Regulated power
supply
2
Ammeter

Type

Range

Qty.

ME 561D

0-3 v

1 nos.

Mc

2 nos.

3
4
5

Mc
Pvc
Wire
wound

0-2.5m
amp.
0-3 v
5 amp.
5-33 ohm.

Voltmeter
Connecting wires
resistances

1 nos.
5 nos.
4 nos.

Remark

ME 561D
Mike mods
5 ohm.,10
ohm,22
ohm,33
ohm

Theory:according to this law the algebraic sum of voltage around a

closed ckt. Or loop is zero.
it can also stated as in any closed ckt.,the algebraic sum of the products of
currents and resistance in each of the conductors is equal to the algebraic
sum of the emfs of the batteries.
Ckt. Diagram:-

Difference between kirchoffs first and second law:First law (KCL)

This law supports the
law of conservation of
charge
Acc. To the law sigma
j=0

Second law (KVL)

This law supports
the law of
conservation of
energy.
Acc to the law sigma
e=sigma ir

This law can be used In

open and closed ckt.

This law can be used

in closed ckt.

Procedure:1. connect the ckt. As shown in the fig.

2. Switch on the dc- supply.

3. Note the reading of ammeter and voltmeter.

4. Change the value of rheostat and repeat the steps thrice.

Observation:S.N. Current
in amp.(I)

Voltage
(V1) volts

Voltage(V2) Voltage(V3) V1+V2+V3=0

volts
volts

1
2
3
4
5

Calculation:add the voltage v1 and v2 recorded from voltmeter and

recorded the same in the last column of the table.
Result:- as the voltage v3 and v1+v2 are equal,the kirchoffs voltage law
is verified.
Precaution:1. All the connection should be tight.
2. Before connecting the instruments, check their zero reading.
3. Terminal of the rheostat should be connected properly.
4. Any time ,the current of ammeter should not exceed the
current rating of the rheostat.