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13
R-
Year
Sem
:II
:II
UNIT 1: Electrostatics
Part A:Essay Questions
1. Determine the Electric Field E due to
i. Point charge Q
ii. Line charge l
iii. Surface charge s
iv. volume charge v at a point distance `r' from the source.(Using coulombs law & Gausss Law)
2. (a) Define Electric field, Electric Flux density and Electric Potential from charges and explain.
(b) Explain about equipotential surfaces.
4. What is an electric Dipole? Evaluate the electric field intensity due to an electric Dipole?
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5. (a)State and explain Coulomb's law of force and Electric field intensity due to point charge.
(b) Derive the expression for the energy stored in an electrostatic field.
9. (a) Explain the equation of continuity of current (or) and conservation of charge.
(b) Define Relaxation time and its use in EM fields in conductors.
10. Evaluate the Coulomb's force, Electric field intensity and potential due to a line charge l and surface charge
s .
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* Find the E field intensity on the axis of a circular ring carrying a charge density l C/m.
* A point charge -4 nC is situated at the origin and another point charge 6 nC is situated at (3, 2, 1). Find E and
V at (1, 1, 1).
, find the total charge with in the region 1<r<2m, 1<<2 rad,1<<2rad.
* A cube of 2cm . side is centered at the origin, with its sides parallel to the axes, and contains field of 3x2 ax V/m.
Find the total charge contained in the cube, and the flux coming out of one face of the cube.
* Find the potential and sketch its variation with radial distance, for a spherical shell of radius a= 3cm,
having a surface density of s C/m2.
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*Let J= 400Sin/(r2 +4) ar A/m2. Find the total current flowing through that portion of spherical surface r= 0.8
bounded by .01<<0.3 , 0<<2 .
* A conductivity cylinder with a radius of 1cm and at a potential of 20V is parallel to a conducting plane which is
at zero potential. The plane is 5 cm distant from the cylinder axis. If the conductors are embedded in a perfect
dielectric for which r = 4.5, find the capacitance per unit length between cylinder and plane.
*Calculate the relaxation time for Brass material having conductivity of 1.1X107 mhos/m at 10 MHz.
* Find the capacitance of a 50cm long coaxial cable , having conductors of 4cm and 2 cm diameters, separated by
a medium of relative permittivity 2.56. Also find the stored energy and field at radius of 1.5 cm in the dielectric
when 10V is applied.
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5. Give the relation between electric field intensity and electric flux density.
10. Write Maxwells equations in point and integral form for electrostatics.
12. Give the relationship between potential gradient and electric field.
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23. Write down the expression for capacitance between two parallel plates.
24. Write the expression of electric field intensity for an infinite line charge.
25. Write the expression of electric field intensity for an infinite surface charge.
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2. (a) State and explain Maxwell's equations obtained from Faraday's and Ampere's laws and their Magnetic field
concepts & relationship.
(b) State and prove Ampere's circuital law.
3. Prove that the magnetomotive force around a closed path is equal to the current enclosing the path.
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5. (a) Define Ampere's force law and elaborate the analogies between `Electric' &`Magnetic' fields in a medium.
(b) Show that H = J using Ampere's work law.
6. (a) Explain the force experienced by an electron charge `Q' in magnetic field `B'.
(b) The equation F = Q(E + u x B) is known as Lorentz force equation. Explain its significance.
8. State and explain Boundary conditions for electric field at a boundary surface between a conductor and
dielectric boundary.
10.Write Maxwells equations for Time Varying fields in integral and differential form. Discuss the difference
between static fields and Time Varying fields.
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11. (a) Define Maxwell's equation in point form (Differential) and Integral form for time varying fields.
(b) Explain the concept of displacement current and its special applications.
* The plane Y = 2 carries current density K = 30az Amp/mt. Find the Magnetic field intensity at A(0,0,1) and
B(1,3,2).
* A charged particle of mass 2 Kg and a charge 3c starts at a point (1, -2, 0) with a velocity 4ax+3az in an
Electric field 12ax+10az. At time t=1sec; find
i. the acceleration of the particle
ii. its velocity
* A current element (ax+2ay-az)mA, located at P(-1, 2,-2) produces a Magnetic field dH" at Q(2,2,2). Find a
unit vector in the direction of dH, at the point Q.
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* A surface current Density K = 20ax Amp/mt flows in Y = 1 plane. Find the Magnetic field intensity at
(-1,3,2).
* A current filament on the z- axis carries a current of 7mA in the az direction and current sheets of 0.5 az A/m
and -0.2 az are located at =1 cm and =0.5 cm respectively. Calculate H at =0.5 cm and 1.5 cm
* A parallel plate capacitor with plate area of 5.0 cm2 and plate separation of 3.0mm has a voltage 50Sin103t V
applied to its plate. Calculate the displacement current assuming = 20.
* A circular loop conductor having radius of 0.2mt.is placed in XY plane. The loop consists of a resistance of
10 ohms. If the Magnetic field is B = Sin104t Tesla, find the current flowing in the loop.
* Given the conduction current density in Silicon as Jc = 1 mA, evaluate the displacement current density in
Silicon at 1 MHz. (use Si = 102 mhos/m; r (Si) = 9)
* If the Magnetic flux density is B = Cos(104t).Sin(0.1x).az milli Tesla, find the magnetic flux passing through
the surface Z = 0, 0 < x < 10mt., 0 < y < 3 mt. at t = 2 Microsec.
*If H= 10 Cos(108t-z)ay mA/m, Find the corresponding electric field in air, and displacement current
density.
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* Copper wire carries a conduction current of 1.0 Amp at 60 Hz. Determine the displacement current in the
wire? Assume cu = 0; cu = 0; = 5.8 X 107mhos/m.
3. Write the relation between magnetic flux density and field intensity
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16. What is the emf produced by moving loop in time varying field?
19. Write Maxwells equation in point and integral form for good conductors.
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2. (a) Explain the constructional features of Smith's chart and its importance.
b)Explain how to find length and location of double stubs in transmission line matching.
4. (a) Derive the expressions for the voltage and current along a Transmission line from the source end.
(b) Define Reflection Coefficient and Standing wave Ratio on transmission lines. Explain their importance
in Measurements.
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5. (a) Explain the properties of different length's of lossless lines such as /8, /4 and /2.
b) Explain different types of loading for transmission lines.
6. (a) Obtain an expression for the input impedance of a line of length l terminated by a load `ZL' with a
characteristic impedance Z0 and propagation constant .
. (b) Assuming the line to be loss less line, get the Zin expression after assuming =j only.
8. (a) What is a quarter wave transformer and how is it used for matching? Explain.
(b) Explain the method of measuring an unknown load impedance ZL using a slotted transmission line and
VSWR with the help of Smith's chart.
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10. (a) Evaluate the equivalent lumped element parameters of a lossless short circuited line of different lengths
such as l = /8 ; l = /4 ; l = 5 /16 ; l = 3 /8 and l = /2 .
b) Establish the relations for Zsc and Zoc of rf lines and sketch their variation with l.
11. (a) Show that a loss less quarter wave length line behaves as impedance inverter and a half-wavelength line
behaves as 1:1 transformer
(b) Show that a lossless transmission line of different lengths can be made to behave as
i. inductance `L'
ii. capacitance `C'
iii. series impedance(figure 1) and
12. (a) Write the basic transmission equations in terms of R,L,C,G and V & I and explain.
(b) Obtain the wave equation from the basic equation and solve the same for propagation constant and
characteristic impedance of the transmission line at a frequency `W' in terms of R,L,C,G.
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13. Draw the equivalent circuit of lossy and lossless transmission lines, and account for the different types of
distortions present in such lines. How can these distortions be avoided?
* A transmission line is terminated in a load Impedance ZL = 73+j42.5 , the frequency = 107 Hz line length
l = 10 m. The inductance L = 10-6 H/m C=1/9X 10-10 F/m. Find ZL?
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* A lossless TX line has 75 ohms characteristic impedance. The line is terminated in a load impedance of
(50-j100) ohms. The maximum voltage measured on the line is 100volts. Find the maximum and minimum
current and minimum voltage on the line. At what distance from the load, the voltage and current are
maximum.
* A line with Z0 = 100 is connected to an impedance (load) ZL = 300 + j200. Find i. the line length d1 required
to transform this load to a pure resistance
ii. the impedance of a /4 line required for a match
iii. VSWR on the `d1' line and VSWR on /4 line. Use Smith chart.
* A TX line has primary constants R = 0.1/mt, G = 0.01 mhos/mt, L =0.01H/mt; C = 100PF/mt. If the line
is connected to a load impedance of (10+J20) ohms, find reflection coefficient at the
i. load end
ii. 20 cm from load.
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* Given R=10.4 ohms/mile; L=.00367 H/mile, G = 0.8 X10-6 mho/mile; C=0.00835 F/mile. Evaluate ,,,
Z0, v at 1 KHZ.
* A 30m long lossless transmission line with Z0 = 50 operating at 2.0 MHz is terminated by a load
ZL = 60 + j40 on the line. Find
i. the reflection coefficient
ii. the VSWR and the input impedance.
Velocity of signal on the line is v = 0.6c(c = velocity in free space)(use smith's chart)
* A 50.0 ohm Coaxial line feeds a 75 + j20 Antenna. Find Reflection Coefficient and VSWR.
* A transmission line operating at = 106 rad/s has = 8 db/m; = 1 rad/m and Z0 = 60 + j 40 and is 2.0 m
long. If the line is connected to a source of 10.0 00 volts, Zg = 40(source) and is terminated by a load
ZL = 20 + j50 . Determine
i. the input impedance ii. the sending end current iii. the voltage at the load end.
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* A 50 mt line has the following measurements made, at 1200 Hz. ZinOC = 200 -420 ohms; ZinSC = 1890220
ohms. Find Z0 , and v for the line.
* Given R = 10.4 /mt; L = 0.00367 H/mt; G = 0.8 x 10-4 mhos/mt; C = 0.00835 F/mt. Calculate Z0 and at 1.0
KHz.
* A lossless TX line has 75 ohms characteristic impedance. The line is terminated in a load impedance of
(50- J100) ohms. The maximum voltage measured on the line is 100volts. Find the maximum and minimum
current and minimum voltage on the line. At what distance from the load, the voltage and current are
maximum.
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* A load has admittance YL/Y0= = 1.25 + j0.25. Find the length and location of a single stub to match the line
to the load use Smith chart.
* The propagation constant of a lossy transmission line is 1+2j m-1 and its characteristic impedance is 20+j 0 at
= m rad/sec. Find L,C,R & G for the line.
* A Lossless line is having Z 0 = 120 is operating at = 5 x 10 8 rad/sec. If the velocity on the line is
2.4x108 m/s find L & C. Let ZL be represented by an inductance of 0.6H in series with a 100 resistance.
Find reflection coefficient and VSWR.
*A 50 ohm transmission line operates at 10 MHz, with a velocity of 2x108m/s. If the load impedance is
60 + j10 ohms, determine its input impedance for a line length of 10m and 5m.
* A 60 ohm lossless line is 30m long and terminated with a load of 75+ j 50 ohms at 3 MHz. Find its reflection
coefficient , VSWR, ZMAX and ZMIN, if the velocity is 60 % of the velocity of light.
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2. What are the secondary constants of a line? Why the line parameters are called distributed elements?
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12. How to avoid the frequency distortion that occurs in the line?
13.What is a distortion less line? What is the condition for a distortion less line?
16.What is Loading?
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26.What are the conditions for a perfect line? What is a smooth line?
30.State the relation between standing wave ratio and reflection coefficient.
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35.Give reasons for preferring a short- circuited stub when compared to an open circuited stub.
36.What are the two independent measurements that must be made to find the location and length of the stub.
40. Give reason for an open line not frequently employed for impedance matching.
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42. Why Double stub matching is preferred over single stub matching.
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