Contents

List of Symbols
Preface

page xi
xv

1 An Introduction to Chemical Product Design

1.1 What is Chemical Product Design?
1.2 Why Chemical Product Design is Important
1.3 Changes in Corporate Culture
1.4 The Product Design Procedure
1.5 Categories of Chemical Products
1.6 Conclusions

2
3
7
9
12
15

2 Needs

17

2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5

Customer Needs
Consumer Products
Converting Needs to Specications
Revising Product Specications
Conclusions and the First Gate

17
28
36
47
59

3 Ideas
3.1 Human Ideas
3.2 Chemical Ideas
3.3 Sorting the Ideas
3.4 Screening the Ideas
3.5 Conclusions and the Second Gate

65
70
83
91
102

4 Selection

111

4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5

Selection Using Thermodyamics

Selection Using Kinetics
Less Objective Criteria
Risk in Product Selection
Conclusions and the Third Gate

64

112
119
127
139
151

ix

Contents

5 Product Manufacture
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5

161

Preparation for Manufacture

Final Specications
Scale-Up/Scale-Down
Economic Considerations
Conclusions and the Fourth Gate

163
181
193
203
226

6 Commodity Products
6.1 Characteristics of Chemical Commodities
6.2 Getting Started
6.3 The Commodity Toolbox: Reactors
6.4 The Commodity Toolbox: Separations
6.5 Using the Commodity Toolbox
6.6 Conclusions for Commodity Products

237
239
241
245
251
260
265

7 Devices

267

7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6

268
269
274
281
290
304

Properties of Devices
Getting Started
The Device Toolbox: Chemical Reactors
The Device Toolbox: Separations
Using the Devices Toolbox
Conclusions for Chemical Devices

8 Molecular Products
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.5
8.6

Characteristics of Molecular Products

Getting Started
The Molecular Toolbox: Chemical Reactors
The Molecular Toolbox: Separations
Using the Molecular Toolbox
Conclusions for Molecular Product Design

9 Microstructures
9.1 Properties of Microstructures
9.2 Getting Started
9.3 The Microstructure Toolbox: Reactions
9.4 The Microstructure Toolbox: Unit Operations
9.5 Using the Microstructure Toolbox
9.6 Conclusions for Microstructured Products
10 A Plan for the Future
10.1 Using the Design Template
10.2 Specic Types of Products
10.3 Conclusions
Product Index
Subject Index

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313
318
331
336
347
356
363
365
369
378
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398
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418
422
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435