July 2008

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My LOGO

GSM

:

GSM

GSM

14

10

13

GSM

16

GSM

.
[ ]

( )PLMN .
GSM .
GSM GMSK
QPSK GMSK FM .
.
( Downlink BTS )MS
( Uplink MS )BTS
. Downlink

:
| | hesamp74@yahoo.com

GSM , MS , BSS , NSS, OSS ,
-
Downlink , Uplink

 GSM

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GSM

:1-1 GSM
GSM
.
[ ] ( ) PLMN .
GSM .
GSM ( ) - .
GSM 4 :

MS
4BSS
NSS
OSS

Computer , Network & Electronics

( )Interface GSM :

A BSC MSC
Abis BTS BSC
Um Air BTS MS

( MS :1-1-1 )
MS .
. () ME
Frequency Reuse
Public Land Mobile Network
Mobile Station
Base Station Subsystem
Network Switching Subsystem
Operation and Support Subsystem
Base Station Controller
Base Tranciver system

hesamp74@yahoo.com

GSM

. () SIM

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( )MS ME . IMEI .
IMSI SIM .

Computer , Network & Electronics

( ) - GSM
BSS :1-1-2
MS BSS . BSC
BTS Abis BTS BSC A MSC BSC .
BTS :1-1-2-1
BTS BSC . BTS
BTS

Mobile Equipment
Subscriber Identity Module
International Mobile Equipment Identity
International Mobile Subscriber Identity

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GSM

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BTS TRX .
BTS .
BTS :

()Hopping Frequency


MS BSC
MS BTS
MS
MS BSC

BSC : 1-1-2-2
BSC GSM BSC :

Computer , Network & Electronics

BTS
MS

MSC MS

BSC BTS ( E1 )T1 Abis

16kbps Abis A 64kbps MSC BSC
TRAU 16kbps 64kbps .
( NSS : 1-1-3 )
NSS
() 4PSTN :

AUC EIR VLR HLR GMSC MSC

Transcoder Rate Aduption Unit

Public Switching Telephony Network

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ISDN

BSS : ) - (

NSS : ) - (

4
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GSM

: ) ( - - - MSC
. MSC

)Location Updating (
)Authentication & Registration(

BSC Handover

Mobile Switching Center

Gate Mobile Switching Center
Home Location Register
Visitor Location Register
Identity Register Equipment
Authentication Center

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Computer , Network & Electronics

E1 MSC
: 64 kpbs MSC

GSM

: 2-1 GSM

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1-2-1 : GSM
GSM

) - ( .

. Downlink : BTS MS .
. : Uplink MS BTS .

: ) - ( GSM

Computer , Network & Electronics

( : ) -4 Uplink Downlink
2-2-1

. ( ) - .

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GSM

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( :) - GSM
- - : BTS

. ( ) - .

Computer , Network & Electronics

( :) - Frequency Reuse
- - ()Location Area BSC .

MSC/VLR LA . LA MS
( )Location Updating .
LA MS BTS .

hesamp74@yahoo.com

GSM

- - - MSC

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VLR
MSC .
: 4- - )PLMN( ( )MSC .
PLMN .

:3-1 GSM
GSM GMSK QPSK GMSK
FM . GMSK ( ) - QPSK ( ) -
. GSM kbps 270/833.

Computer , Network & Electronics

( : ) - GMSK

( : ) - QPSK GSM .

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GSM

: 4-1 GSM

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: 1-4-1

.
GSM .
4. 4
.
( ) - .

Burst .

Computer , Network & Electronics

( : ) -
.
: 2-4-1
.
. ()TCH
. ()CCH

Uplink & Downlink

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 GSM

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( : ) -
: - -4
.

()FULL RATE
)HALF RATE(

Computer , Network & Electronics

- -4 (: ) CCH :
. ()BCH
. ()CCCH
. ()DCCH
: - - -4 ()BCH :
. ()FCCH
. )SCH(
. ()BCCH
Control Channel

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10

GSM

) - ( .
POWERED BY : www.hesamp74.blogfa.com

Computer , Network & Electronics

) - ( MTC location Updating

: 5-1
1-5-1
.

GSM
... . ( ) -
( ) - .

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( :) -

Computer , Network & Electronics

( : ) -
: 2-5-1
GSM MHZ300 .
:
(VHF,UHF,SHF BAND( 30 MHZ

.
.
.
.

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GSM

3-5-1 :
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: Ae = 2 / 4
:

Pr= P x Ae
)Pr= (Pt / 4d2) x (2 / 4
= Pt x ( / 4d)2

Computer , Network & Electronics

dB :

L = 20 log( 4d / ) dB
L = 32.5 + 20 log d + 20 log f dB
D f .
: 4-5-1
( ) - . GSM 900MHZ
30cm 1800MHZ 15cm .

hesamp74@yahoo.com

13

GSM

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Computer , Network & Electronics

( :) -
: 5-5-1 -
Lp(urban) = 69.55 + 26.16log(f) - 13.82 log(hb) - a(hm)+ (44.9 - 6.55
)log(hb)) log(d
) a(hm MS .

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 GSM

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(: ) - 4 -

Computer , Network & Electronics

: 6-1
: 1-6-1
. ( Downlink BTS
)MS ( Uplink MS )BTS
. Downlink .
MS .
)Fade Margin( .
.
.

penetration loss

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15

GSM

Downlink 1-6-2

24

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( ) - BTS MS BTS .
3db
. .

.

( :) - Downlink
: 3-6-1 Uplink

Computer , Network & Electronics

MS . )Uplink( . BTS
(.
) ( ) - .

( : ) - Uplink
Power Budget

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GSM ) - (

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Computer , Network & Electronics

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GSM