API MPMSx2 94 Mm 732290 OS342b4 809 mw Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 1—Vocabulary SECOND EDITION, JULY 1994 American Petroleum Institute 1200 Steet, Norwest ‘Washington, B.C. 20005 D Copyright por American Petroleurs Institute Thu Dec 14 24:36:44 2000APT MPHS#] 94 MM 0732290 0534265 745 mm Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 1—Vocabulary Measurement Coordination SECOND EDITION, JULY 1994 Copyright por American Petroleurs Institute Thu Dec 14 21:36:05 2000API NPMS#2 94 MM 0732290 OS342b 481 MM SPECIAL NOTES 1, API PUBLICATIONS NECESSARILY ADDRESS PROBLEMS OF A GENERAL NATURE, WITH RESPECT TO PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCES, LOCAL, STATE, AND FEDERAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS SHOULD BE REVIEWED. 2, APLIS NOT UNDERTAKING 10 MEET THE DUTIES OF EMPLOYERS, MANU TACTURERS, OR SUPPLIERS TO WARN AND PROPERLY TRAIN AND EQUIP ‘THEIR EMPLOYEES, AND OTHERS EXPOSED, CONCERNING HEALTH AND SAFETY RISKS AND PRECAUTIONS, NOR UNDERTAKING THEIR OBLIGATIONS UNDER LOCAL, STATE, OR FEDERAL LAWS. 3, INFORMATION CONCERNING SAFETY AND HEALTH RISKS AND PROPER PRECAUTIONS WITH RESPECT TO PARTICULAR MATERIALS AND CONDI- ‘TIONS SHOULD BE OBTAINED FROM THE EMPLOYER, THE MANUFACTURER. OR SUPPLIER OF THAT MATERIAL” OR THE MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET. 4, NOTHING CONTAINED IN ANY APIPUBLICATION IS TO BE CONSTRUED AS GRANTING ANY RIGHT, BY IMPLICATION OR OTHERWISE, FOR THE MANU TACTURE, SALE, OR USE OF ANY METHOD, APPARATUS, OR PRODUCT COV: ERED BY LETTERS PATENT, NEITHER SHOULD ANYTHING CONTAINED IN THE PUBLICATION BE CONSTRUED AS INSURING ANYONE AGAINST LIABIL~ ITY FOR INFRINGEMENT OF LETTERS PATENT. 5. GENERALLY, API STANDARDS ARE REVIEWED AND REVISED, REAF- FIRMED, OR WITHDRAWN ATLEAST EVERY FIVE YEARS, SOMETIMES A ONE- TIME EXTENSION OF UP TO TWO YEARS WILL BE ADDED TO THIS REVIEW CYCLE. THIS PUBLICATION WILL NO LONGER BE IN EFFECT FIVE YEARS AF ‘TER ITS PUBLICATION DATE AS AN OPERATIVE API STANDARD OR, WHERE. ANEXTENSION HAS BEEN GRANTED, UPON REPUBLICATION. STATUS OF THE PUBLICATION CAN BE ASCERTAINED FROM THE API AUTHORING DEPART. (MENT [TELEPHONE (202) 682-8000], A CATALOG OF API PUBLICATIONS AND MATERIALS IS PUBLISHED ANNUALLY AND UPDATED QUARTERLY BY API, 1220. STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, D.C. 20005. Copyright por American Petroleurs InstituteAPI MPMS#) 94 MM O732290 0534267 $38 mm FOREWORD 1h definitions ineladain this document en rived from sundae publicod ae DW ‘ember 31, 1992. New definitions or revised definitions sa reslt of standards developed and published afer this date wil appear in the next edition. The definitions presented inthis docuznent suppor the patoleum industry's terminology requirements associated with the custody taste, loss conto, and environmental measure ‘ment activities adcesed within ADTs Monval of Petroleum Measurement Standands. Some ‘ofthe definitions willbe specific wo these applications and may confit with usage of the terms inocher contexts, while ethers maybe applied move oad. ‘API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Intute osssue the accuracy anc sity of the data contained interns however, ‘the Iastizue make no represetation, warranty, or puarantee in connection with this pub Tiation and hereby expretsly dacsims any ability oe responsi fr los damage re sling from is wie or forthe violation of ay Feder, at, oF municipal regulation wit Which this publication may conflict ‘Suggested revisions ar invited and should be submitted to Measurement Coordination, Industry Services Depactment, American Petroleum Insitute, 1220 Street, NW, Wash ington, D.C. 20008, Copyright por American Petroleurs InstituteAPI MPRS#2 94 MM 0732250 0534263 4S mm CONTENTS 10 Scope LA Vocsbolary 12 Abbreviations 1.3 Manual of Peoleum Measurement Standards “able of Comerts 1A Mathematical Signe and Some 1.5) Ingrational Systom of Units (S1) 1.6 Ineretation of Units of Measurement L7_APLGravty at 60°F to Relative Density 60460°F and to Density a 15°C 18 Temperature Conversions 1.9 Government Agencies, Standards Ongnizations, Professional Societies, and Trade Associations Tables API Gravity to Relative Density and to Density 2 Temperstare Conversions Copyright por American Petroleurs Institute 7 2 4 50 2 o 3API MPHS#) 94 MH 0732290 0534269 390 mm Chapter 1—Vocabulary 1.0 Scope The words and terms contained i his vocabulty are defined and deserbed to assist in understanding their use drouglou the entire API Manual of Petroieum Measurement Stondanis (MPMS), ‘Additional sections have been include that are based onthe definitions found inthe vo cabulay. Useful fats and information not found elsewhere inthe API Manual of etoleuns ‘Measurement Standards at sso inclaed, 4.4 Vocabulary A ‘Absolute temperature: (See temperaure, absolute.) Absolute viscosit Accessory equipment: Any dovice shat enhaneos the wilt ofa measurement system, including readouts, registers, monitors, and iquid- or fow-condioning equipment (See viseosiny ahsolute) Accuracy: The ailiy of measuring nstument to indicate vies lasely approximating the rue value of the quantity measured Accuracy curve of a volume meter: A plot of meter factor or K fctor o ror as 4 function of flow rate used to evaluate the mete’ performance. Adjustment (of meter registration): The ozeation of bringing « measuring instrument (note) nto a Satisfactory sae of perlarmanve and wecurics, ‘Air (gas) vapor eliminator (separator): 4 device usc to separate and remove gases (ait 28, oF vapor for a liquid ko be measred o prevent an error in ig messurement frora having gas included in the measurement a guid. Air-jacketed thermometer: glass stem thermometer totally encased in glass sheath that provides sr apace betwee sonst sa he yun which he ui is immersed All-evels sample: A sample obuined by submerging a stoppered beaker or botle toa point ss near posible othe draw-off love, then opening the sample and rising itata fate such thats approximately three-founhs fl asitemerges from the liquid. Aa all-e¥~ cls sample isnot necessarily a representative sap aecause the tank vohume may nt be proportional the depth an heanse che apeatoe may nat be abl to ese the sampler at te variable ate require for proportional flag. Te rate of filing is propona tothe square root of the depth of immersion. Allowable: ‘he amount of crud ol that eu he tk fem am oi ll a6 cer by ena tion, having te effect of ls Ambient conditions: Tho conditions (pressure, temperature, humidity, ct.) of the ‘edi surrounding an object such asthe ease of a meter instrument, answer, ee Amplifier: 4 device fer incresing the magaitude of «quantity sueh a an electrical mew surement signal. An amplifier use includes inercasing a ransmied or eeceived measure ‘ment signal for purposes that include operation of indicating, counting, recording, ad controlling devices or oser instrument that receives the ransmited signal; (also sce prea plier Copyright por American Petroleurs InstituteAPI MPNSx2 94 MM O732290 0534270 OOP Mm ° ven Peacut NOU Analog output: Transducer output ths is 2 continuous funtion ofthe measurand ‘Analog signal: 4 signa tht varies continously in smpitude rather than in discrete eps Anchor weight: wig insu in a tank to which the puide wires or cables tor an at tomati tank gauge oat ae tached ( hold thom tat and plumb Angle-stem thermometer: A glss stm thermometer in which the tls bent at an an fle tothe sem so tha the ail ean be mounve in horizontally disposed thexmowell Fav ing the scale vertical for greater ease of eading [API gravity: A term use by de petroleum industey 1 express the eltve density of pe trom liguis (also ace deat, elative), API gravity s measured byw hydromecer ins ‘ment having a scale graddated in degrees APL The relationship between API gravity and relative density (formerly called specif gravity) sas follows APL Gravity oe = ——_415__y 5 Relative density 6060°F ‘ce 1:7 for the telstionship besween APL gravity relative density 6060*F. and density ut Isc ‘Apparent compressibility: (See compressiility.apparenc) ‘Argument, mathematic: The independens variable X for a function F(X) sa also the valves ofthe independent variable in & umerica abe, such as for smgle i table {tigonometrc functions oc the numbers in table of logarithms; (also see function), ‘Armored case (hermonetet): A sturdy metal casein which 2 glass stem thermometer ‘can be placed inorder to minimize the risk of breakage ofthe thermometer in use Atmosphere; abbreviated atm: A stundard unit of pressure equivalent acoluma of mere 760 ilimeters high at °C unde a ravitational acceleration of 980.668 centime~ ter-gram second (cs) units, The pressure exerted by 101.325 kilopasals of O°C (32°F) mercury (equivalent o [4.696 pounds per square inch absolute) ‘Atmospheric pressure: (See pressure, smospheric) ‘Automatic gauging tape: ‘The flexible measuring or connecting element that is used to ‘ease the liquid love n tanks by te automatic gauge method, ‘Automatic sampler: A device used to extract a representative sample from the Tiguid ‘owing ina pipe. The automatic sampler generaly consists of a probe, a sample extractor, an esocined conellera flow measuring device, anda sample receiver, ‘Automatic sampling systom: system that consists of steam conditioning, an auto ‘atc sampler, and sample miving and handling, ‘Automatic tank gauge: An insirument that automatically measures and displays guid levels or llges in one or more tanks eter cotinsously, periodically, or on demand ‘Automatic temperature compensator: A meer accessory device enabling a meter that measuring vrume a steam icrperatue «reser tke eyuivatene vole ta ‘erence or hase temperature ‘Automatic vessol tank gauging system: system tat automatically measures and Aisplays quid levels or ullage in one or more vessel tanks ona continuous, periodic, oro demand basis ‘Auxiliary meter equipment: Equipment Such as 2 strainer. air separator, or How con Altiones installed in eonjnesion with « meter to protect or improve te performance ofthe meter, Aunilary equipment doesnot include imstromentaton and accessories dive bythe ‘meter's output fsston or ples. Copyright por American Petroleurs InstituteAPI MPRSxi 94 MM 0732290 053427) THT Curren t-vecam ase B Back pressure: The operating pressure level measured downsteam from a easing device. Back pressure valve: (See valve, back pressure) Ballast: Water aie on when vessels empty or parally loaded to increase daft so that the propeller is properly submerged and stability and ism are maintained, 8 inches. I: abbrevined BBL: A nic of quantity for il equil 1042 US, gallons o 9702.0 cubic Baseline: ‘The fore and aft reference lin atthe upper surface of the At plate Keel a the ‘centcline for fish shell plate vessels, or the thickness of the gwboard take above that level fr vessels having lp scam shel plating Basic sediment and water: abbreviated BS&W: (Archaic, sce sedimert and water) Batch, pace! ofa single petoleum Liquid consigned separately in a pipeine; (see ten ‘er and delivery, meter Battery or bank of meters: An intllaton of meters having two or more meters con nocted in pale Bellows: A pressure sensing clemeat of cylindrical shape whose walls contain dep con- ‘elutions that cause the iengtn ofthe nelions to change Wen pressure applied Bias: Any influence ona result tbat preduces an incomect approximation ofthe tue value ‘ofthe variable being measured. Bias isthe result ofa predictable systemic eer. Bi-directional meter: 4 meter that can messure flow fom either direction, Bilge radius: ‘The radius of the rounded potion ofthe vests shel that connote bot tom to he ses Bill of lading; shtrevited BOL: A dacumest by which a carrer acknowledges having ‘received in good order and condition (or the reverse) certain specified goods consigned to Iu Ly suute pasticula ships atl lds hint a Ueiver we goons sitar cond tion, unless the pers ofthe sea, ir, or enemies prevent hm, to the consigness ofthe hin= ‘ets a the point of destination on their paying him the stipalated freight Blind (blanking device): circular meal disc that isinsaled ina pipeline by fastening itbenweea anges to preveat flow inte pipeline Boring sample: A sample ofthe material contained in a bart case bg, or cake tats ‘obtained from the chips created by boring hoes into the mteil with a ship auger. Bottom guide wire anchor: A har welded to the hatom af tank o which pide wires ‘or eables forthe float ofan automatic tank gauge are stache Bottom sample: A spot sample collected from the material atthe botiom ofthe tah ‘contanet, oie atts lowest pont. fo practic, th erm has a varity of meanings. Ase sult iis recommended that the specie sumpling location [for exampl. 6 inches (15 cen timeters) from: the hostom] shouldbe specified when using tis term, Bottom water sample: A spot simple of fre water taken from beneath the petroleum contained ina ship or barge compartment or # storage tank, Bourdon tube: A pressure sensing clement consisting of twisted or curved tube of no ‘real crass section that tends 0 be straightened by the application of intemal pressure. Copyright por American Petroleurs InstituteAPI MPHS#1 94 MM 0732290 0534272 985 ‘ vencin Perma Ure idth, extreme: ‘The maximum breadth of the hull measured to the outside surfaces ide shel plating oto the outside of the guards if ited, Bubble point: When the pressus ie levered ona liquid ld ata constant emperstre, the pressure a wit the rst bubble of vapor forms isthe bubble point, Bubble point pees sures are higher a igh temperatures. oft Bulb: The temperature sensing detecting element ofa temperature measuring deve Bulkhead: The vertical parition walls ther subdivide the interior of yess! into compart. Cc Calibration (ors comainery The proces or procedure of determining the exact volume ‘capacity or partial eapavtiss ofa standard capacity measure, a lank prover, oF 2 pipe prover Calibration ft an instrument): The processor procedure of adjusting an instrument, such asameter. so tat indication or registration isin satisfactorily close agreement with 3 ference standard, Meter proving data may be used either to ealibrate the meter orto calculate a meter factr. Calibration (ofa prover): The procedure for dctrmining the volume ofa prove Calibration adjuster (meee): (Soe mete alibeation ast.) Calibration curve (mete): A curve or graph that expresses the relationship heten the ‘eve values ofthe quantity measured sed correspond values indicated by the mete Calibration table (ank): (See capacity ible) Calibration, tank: Bottom calibration ofa tank is ther 4, The determination of the tank volume below the ske plate, which i considered to be 2er0 00 the tank gauge table. 'b. The quantity of ligui conisined in tank below the gavge poi ‘The following terms ate related to tank euibaton: Measurement calibration method, tank: The method of tank calibration in whch vo lune capacities ae ealeulated fom external andor internal measurements ofthe tank di Liquid calibration, tank: The method of tak calibration in which the capaci are de- termined by Gilling into (or withdrawing from) the tank accurately determined volumes tiga Over-calibration, tank: tan is said wo be over calibrate when ts actual capacity is Fess than thar shown on its calibration table or by its pacity indicate Under-calbration, tank: an is sid tobe under-calibate when its acta capacity is greater than that shown by its calibration table or capacity indicate, Camber: The arching or rounding up transversely ofthe vessel's deck. Capacitance probe: A device that senses the different dielectric constants foil and wa- tere il and ai Capacity: The volume of a container or tank filled oa specified level Capacity indicator (on « proving tank) A device Sed ta proving tank that indicates Copyright por American Petroleurs InstituteAPI MPHS*i 94 MM 0732290 0534273 B14 MM Carre tVocanaay the position af the liquid suri in relation to the reference mark: aresponding othe nom ial capacity ofthe proving tank, ths enabling the determination ots guid comteas Capacity, nominal (fs tak): Tie som ne of ar Capacity table: A table often refered 0 a a tank capacity table or calibation table, showing the capeciies of or volumes i tank for various guid levels measured fom the reference gauge pois, Capsule: presure sensing element consisting of txo metalic diaphragms (usually ce- cular) that ae joined around ther peripheries ‘Cargo quantity option certificate: cerca signet by vessel an shore represon- tatves acknowledging the amount of cago intended to load. Generally, most prot ear- fg0er havea tolerance bacod on sither supple, eoeiver, ot veel capabilities Each pity involved with the loading shall agree to the quantity aniount tobe loaded. Cavitation: ‘The formation and collapse of vapor cavities (buble) in igi ha eet from a sudden decrease ad increase of pressure. Collapse ofthe cavities causes lage im palsive pressures inthe vicinity of de cevity. Cavitation ean avear aad cause mechanical damage to adjacent surfaces in meters, valves, pumps and pipe at locations where owing Ticuid encounters arestction or change in dzetio, ‘Check valve: (See valve, check.) ‘Choke: A device tas is placd in pipe to restiet Hw. Clearance sample: A spot sample taken with the inlet opening ofthe sampling appara- tus inches (10 centimeters) [some regulatory agencies require 6 inches (15 centimeters) below the Bao ofthe nk out. This erm normaly assoated wth smal aks (100 barrels. o es), commonly referred toa leas ans. ‘Clingage: The liquid lm tht adheres wo the inside surface ofa container afer ithas been cexapied, Closing gauge: The messurment ina tank afer a delivery or eceip. Coalescer: device thats used wo cause the separation and removal of oe Mud rom senther, sucha semoval of water frm a petroleum iui Cootficient of expansion adjuster (meter): An accessory device for @ meter that is sed with an automatic temperature compensator. The coeicicnt of expansion adjuster reg: tlt the magnitude of emperatrecompensetion consistent withthe coefficient of thermal ‘expatson othe liquid being metered ‘Commercial gauger: Commmerial onsanizations and individuals who measure, gauge, oF sample merciandise. "Public Gauger”has hoon used o donot atype of commercial savger Sealing mainly with petoleum and petroleum products. "Public gauges” are commercial ‘augers and ae subjetto the regulations in 19 Code of Fedora! Regiations Pa (31 Commersial labroratory. Conical wnat a Lali iduals wis aly ze uit aise determine i composton andlor characteristics throug: abortory analysis. Compensation: Provision ofa supplemental device, circuit, or special materials to coun- exact known sources of ett ‘Composite spot sample: A blend of sput samples mixed in proportion tthe volumes ‘of material ftom which the spot samples were obtained Compressibilitylquis): The change in volume per unit of volume of quid caused by ‘unit charge in pressure at constant rempeature Copyright por American Petroleurs InstituteAPI MPNS42 94 MM O732290 0534274 758 Mm 6 cia Pereoieyu MST Comprossibilty, apparent: The agchesic sum ofthe scwal compressibility of uid and the volume change per unit of volume af the confining eoutsiner caused by a unit ‘change in reser at constat temperature, Compressibility factor: ‘The uo ofthe actual volume of ga at a given tempers and pressure to the volume of gas when calculated by the ideal gas law ‘Condensate reservoir, automatic tank gauge: A device situate atthe hase of an _auomuati tank gauge to collect and drain off condensate from within the tape cord. Conductor, shielded: Single or multiple conductors surrounded by a flexible metal shield fr the purpose of preventing spurious signals from being camied on the shielded conductors. Contain: A standard capacity menses calibrated to conti by a procedure that begins wth te ema surfaces ot the vessel dry an re of the caratng Iu (se delve. Continuous sample: A sample obrined from a pipeline in sucha manner 260 give a represent average of a moving steam. This sample may be collected on 2 continuous bss or inteittenly snd proportional to time or Now Control chart: A chart of successive meter factors (oe relative meter eros) generally plotted ds funetion of time. It is used to evaluate meter stability and to determine when ‘mete performance has departed fom its normal range. Conventional tank: A tank ofa shape commonly used inte petroleum industry that is not constracted to withstand any appetighle pressure or vacuum in the vapor spe. Core sample: A spor sample of uniforn coss sectional are taken a given height in tank Counter, factoring: Aneleconic counter (reise capable of expressing metered vo une. The coonterinludes selective means for automatically applying the mete factor Counter, meter: A counting device, clerical or mechanical coupled tothe meter mea suring element to register the indicated volume pased troueh the meter Counter-peinter, computing: counter printer with selective means for sting the price per standard unc of measurement arto compute the otal rie fo a quantity of ped Set dalivered Counterwoight: device that exens fore or tension on the te oF eae to old eon necting elements tis Course, tank: Ove circumferential ring of plates in tank; (ee storage tank) Crude oil: A mixture of hydrocarbons that existed in lguid phase in underground reser ‘ors and remains igi st anospheric pressure aller passing through surface separating facies Crude oll truck driver: sbbrvisted COTD: Assumes the driver is also the sauact, Ho vert shouldbe recognized tat these dies maybe separated etwcen wo individ, ‘such asa person who only drives the tank ck and agagr whois responsible for med surement snd testing Crude oil washing; abbreviated COW: (See washing, erode oil) Cup case thermometer: A holder for mercury-in-glass thermometer inconporting 8 small metal container i which the bulb of the thermometer it inserted and that serves to take a small sample of dhe tiguid, Copyright por American Petroleurs InstituteAPI NPNS#2 94 MM 0732290 0534275 bO4 mm CCueran 1—vocsaaan Custody transfer measurement: Provides quantity and quality information used fr the physical and sca documentation ofa change in ownership andra change in respon- sibility for eommodities. D Datum plate: & level meta plate located ditetly under the sefereace gauge point to pro- vide 2 feed eoatae: surface Fam whieh Figuid depth measurement can be made Dead legs: Sections of pipe that, by design, donot allow fr the How of material through them, Deadrise: The traverse rise ofthe vessel's bottom from the keel to the bilge. Deadwood: Any nk Siting, portance, of structural member that affoetsthe capacity of the unk. Deadwood is postive ft nereases ark capacity ec negate if decreases capacity Degrees of freedom: The number of independent results used in estimating sandacd deviation, Deliver: A standard capacity measure is altri“ deliver" by a procedure that begins ith the itera surfaces ofthe vessel wetted with the calibrating igus (se coma). Delivery: ‘The volume delivered through a mete duing a meting operation or wpe com pleting Hid movement into ae ont ofa tank. A “htc or ender may also be called de- livery (see bah. Delivery, meter: A volume of detivered guid that is measured by « meter Delivery, over- or under-: The amount by which the tre volume that has passed ‘through the meter exoveds o is ess than the indicated volume eepstred bya meter (see enor, absolute) Density: The densiryof a quantity ofa homogencous substance isthe tio of is nas 19 its volume. The deasity varies asthe temperature changes and is therefore generally ex pressed as the miss pe unit of volume ats specified temperature. Density, absolute: Tho density ofa solid or liquid substance ta specified temperature isthe mas ofthe substance oecupying nit volume at the speciied temperature, Density as ‘defined is sometimes refered to as “true density" ora "density in vacuo." When epor- Ing density, the units of mass and volume used and the tempersure ofthe determination ‘must be stated (fr example, grams per liter at °C), Density, relative: ‘The ratio ofthe mass of given volume of liquid at 15°C (or ober star td temperature, suchas 60°F) tothe mass of an equal volume of pure water at the same temperature. When reporting results explicil state the standard ofereneerempecatare Toe cxsinple, relative density 15/15°C). DDopth, molded: The vesca distance from te basuline to the undesice of the dock plat- ing at the side, measured atthe mid-length of the vessel, Detector, prover: A device tht indices the passage ofa dslace ina prover als see ransucen, Detector signal: A contact closure change, or other signal, that stats oF stops a prover ‘ountertimer and tines the calibrated vohime of the rover Deviation: Any departure from 2 reference value Dial: ‘The part of ao indicating device, such as 8 meter counter tht contains the ssa of seals, Copyright por American Petroleurs InstituteAPI MPNSK2 94 MM 0732290 0534276 520 mm Dial indicator: A pointer and fixed narber dial eading in calibrated increments Diaphragm: A sensing element consisting of a thin, wsullycireular, plate thats de formed ny prosaure applied acto the pte Differential pressure: (See pressure, siferemil.) Differential pressure valve: (Sec vals, ifferemil pressure) Digit: A numerical ehurater used to represent ooe ofthe integers smaller than the radix lorbase (forexample, in decimal notion, one ofthe characters 0109), Digital: Numerical data existing in the form of digits. Digital signal: signa shut varies in diserete steps ater than continuously. Dimension: A geomet lament in desig, sch of such a quantity, gh naginnde Dip: A torm that designates the dopth of quid ina storage tank; [see innage and outage (ullegen. Dip hatch, tank: (See gauge batch tank.) Dip point, tank: (Sor gauge point, tank.) Dip rod, stick: (See gauge rod) Dip weight, bob: (See gauge night, bob) Dipper sample: A simple obsined by placing a diper or other collecting vessel in he path of afce- lowing szeam to collect a definite volume fox the full ross section of the Ssream at regulate imerval foe constant ime ate or time intersls vied in prop tion 1a the low rat Dipping reference point, tank: (See gauging rlerence point, nk.) Discrimination: The ability to sense and record a value of a parameter to the specified Displacement meter: A meter in which the measuring eloment measures 8 volume of ligoid by mechanically sopartng tho liquid into ciaorete quantities of fixed volume and {ouning the quantities in volun un Displacer, prover. A spherical or cylindrical object that is component pat of pipe prover that moves through the prover pipe, The dspcer hasan elastic sel that contacts the ‘ne pipe wal fa prever to prevent leakage. The displacer is caused to move through the prover pipe bythe owing fui and displaces a known messvred volume of uid between ‘wo fixed detecting devices. Dissolved water: Wat in solution in petroleum and petroleum products Draft: The depth ofa vessel bolow the watevine measured from tho surface ofthe water Draft, extreme: ‘The depth of the vessel below the waterine measured vertically from the ‘waterline tothe lowest projeting portion ofthe vessel Draft, molded: The depth othe vessel below the waterline measured vertically om the baseline tothe waterline Draft marks: ‘The vertical column of numbers on each side ofthe vessel at each end and sometimes aihig oinicate the distance from the loser ede of the ruber othe Bol- tom ofthe kel Copyright por American Petroleurs InstituteAPI MPMS#) 94 MM O732290 0534277 467 mm Cuero t—Yocaaanr Drala sample: specie! fom he raf ordshrse ae on storage tank nse may be te sare asa boom sample, a inthe cae of anlar Reainage timo tor seapacity standard: A Sand sou prin for complsting the dain. Ingo aod stands est measize that sealed on "0 delivee” basis, as described on ‘the Repor of Calibration by he calibrating agency Drift: An observed change sally controled in meter performance, mete factor, ee. ‘hat ozeurs over peti of time, Dual meter counter shiftor: n arrangermen oe connecting two (or mone) meter coun ‘ers 1 coube siting the registration fram one counter to another. E Electromechanical: Reiers to equipment comprising both mechanical and electrical ‘components such a eleciromeckarical valves electromechanical counters, et Eliminator: a sir, s-vapor clininator device used in pipeline in conjunction with & meter to separate and remove air o vapor entrained in igi wo prevent is ene tao the rte and erroneous measurement lsu Emergent stem correction, thermometer: (See tt immersion thermometer) Emulsion: Aa oithraer mixture that dacs not realy separate Entrained water: Wate suepended inthe ol: trained water includes emlions but des not nce disslved water. Environmental conditions: Extemal conditions (such as shock, vibration, an temper ture) to which 2 meter, ransdue,instumeat, et, may be exposed during shipping, sor age, handing, and operation. Environmental measurement: I ‘by actual testing and modeling, ates and quaiies se nt the environment Equatorial circumference of a spherical tank: The circumference of the horizostal ‘Feat circle athe equator of a spherical tak, Equilibrium pressure (saturated vapor pressure): (Sec pressure, equlibium) Equilibrium vapor pressure: (See pressure, equllbrizm.) Equivalent dip/innage (gauge), tank: ‘The equivalent dip isthe depth of liguid in & tank coresponding to a given uae. Iris obtained hy subracting the observed llage Fro the height ofthe ullage reference point above the dip pon on the boom of the tank Error: Various terms relate to error ae follows Brror, absolute: The difference between the rst of measurement andthe tue value ofthe measured quanty as determined by means ofa stable standard device [Error carve: curve or grap that cepresents the enor of a measuting device suchas 2 pressure gauge asa function cider ofthe quantity measured or of aay other quay that hasan infuence onthe ero. ‘Brror, measurement: The diserepancy betwen the result ofthe measurement andthe ‘value of he quantity measured. The valve of he quaesty measured is a eomparson value ‘equal, aecording tothe paticulr case, to the Following fa. The te value ofthe quantity The accepted tue valu Copyright por American Petroleurs InstituteAPI MPAS*h 44 MM 0732290 0534278 373 mm 0 Avencin Perma. ere The arithmetic mean ofthe results of series measurements _Bevor observation: Tee eee commited by the observer when rng the indication of increment etn), grater scale ee te tmneimes called an experimental error. Error, precision of measurement: The degree of conterity to each othe of messure- ents repeated under speciied conditions irrespective of wheter they are clase orf from te true vale. Error random: An error that varies in an unpredictable manner in solte valu ain gers sign when a large numberof measurements ofthe sume valve ofa quantity are ‘made under effectively identical conditions 7s oss so sca oo rot ty thespian caren te concede Site mances nol prt into ahaa tig scan ‘Shiner wih th sane ever, and andere some emvieamentl conse) 2etemeapeem sre ant unica ee wed Error, relative: The quotient othe ssole error dived by the tse value ofthe me sured quantity. This faction multiplies by 100 gives the relative ertor as a percentage Exror and repeatability of measurements: ‘The closeness ofthe agreement between the resus of sucessve measurements ofthe same quaity cared ot by the same method, under the same environment, by the same observer, with the same messuring instr ments, in the same laboratory, and at short imervals of ine Error and reproducibility of measurement ‘The closeness ofthe areement beoween the reals of meastrements ofthe same quantity Where the individual measurements are sade is follows By diffrent methods with diferent measuring inseunents by By different observers in differen Taboratories. «Wa the same instriments used unde itfereat conditions alter interval of time hat fre lng compared withthe durstion of single measurement. Not 1m pms nd nny si the a nn ne ot 2"XGweadisy omen cmt tae cima cl oie silty of ctacuoncr prodtabiby roto: ici oepeaanay hema sal mastrmens bile cones Soe ms Error xystemaie: An croc tat, inthe couse of a numberof measurements, made un- ‘er the same conditions, and ofthe same value f a given quantity, ether remains con- ‘tant in absolute value and sign or varies according toa definite law hen the conditions change. Thus, it causes a bias. (See notes that fallow) Examples: Constant systematic eor:eror tha esis fom a weighing by means oF a weight ‘whose mass is akon t be equal tote nominal mass of 1 kilogram, whereas its rue ase is F010 Kilogram. ror that esuhs from using, at an ambient remperatre of 20°C. a rule gauged at °C ‘without introducing a suitable coreetion, Error that results fom the use ofa thermoelastic thermometer whose circuit suffers roma parasitic thertmoclectric effects \aciable systematic error: indication emor of a measuring instrument arising from a systematic variation of temperature during a sumber of consecutive measurements of the same value. Copyright por American Petroleurs Institute Thu Dec 14 24:36:07 2000API MPHS=1 94 MM G732290 0534279 237 Mm Tac eas fy emai era can eke ak 2 Assim lca be dterred by sles psn sb be nina by tzu acute ead nim et wae sales aes ol eee 4 yeu eons ha cmt be goonne bt wey Cesena ace recom bared wa imc fer sal and sony ke alten ek Excess flow valve; (See vabe, excess low.) Expansion (expansibility) ctor: A mulliplying factor used to cores the calculated Now rae forthe recuction in fuid density thats compressible Hid experiences when it passes through an ovfiee as a result of the increase Mid velocity ad the decreased satic pressure Expansion thermometer: A type ofshermometer using a known thd onler coefficient ofexpansion of either a solid aliquid, ora gas to novide ication in terms. of degrees of temperature Expansion trunk (dome): A trunk extending above a space used fr the storage oi uid cargo and providing space forthe thermal expansion ofthe lig without verfiowing. Externally actuated sampler: A device that is operated by & power soure oer than ‘he lid bing sampled Tor example, an eletrie or pneumatic motor. Extrapolation: Any process by which the value ofa fonction sesinated for aval of the independent visable ouside ofthe range in which the function hasbeen determined: {also see fontio, argument Feature: An individual characteristic ofa pan, suchas screw-thread, tape, slo Figure, numerical: An srithmetic vahue expressed by one or more digits. Filling density: The percent ratio of the weigh ofthe iui in a tank to the weight of wae ‘erthat she tank wil hold Fitter: (See srainer) Filter, electrical: A circit sed eliminate or educe certs waves or Feguencies while leaving thers relatively enchanged Filter, separator: (Seo conescer) Flange taps: The postion ofa pair of tpholes. The upstvam ap centers locate | inch (254 centimeters) upsiream ofthe nearest plate fac, sd the dawaszeam tp cert o> cated | inch (2.54 centimeters) downszeam of the nearest pa face Flash: The siden vaporization ofa liquid eased by rapid decrease in ressre andor in Flash point: The nimum wemmperaure to whic a product must be nested forthe vapors «amit to ignite momentarily in the presence of a lame whee operating under stancrdired conditions. Flashing: The coninuing process by which liquid is caused to fash, Float, automatic tank gauge: A liquid level detecting element floating atthe hud surface ima tink thot moves ina vertical diection to follow te change in ligui level Float guide wires, automatic tank gauge: S: id wieeso¢ flexible cables used to Copyright por American Petroleurs InstituteAPT MPMSx) 94 MM O732290 0534280 75] ide she uavel of an autom Float well, tank: x nctosare built iat the woot ofa Hating x00 tank wo contain and ‘olde dhe Hout af un cutomatietan gauge ic gauge fot Floating cover: A sightwcight covering of ether metal or plastic material designed to fost on the sueface ofthe liquid in w tank. Alternatively, a oating cover may be supported by a lost system so tat tis just above the fee-ligud surface. The device is sed o min inize the evaporation of volatile products in a container. Floating-roof sample: A spt sanple taken just below the surface to determine the APL eraity ofthe uid on which the roo is Rating. Floating-root tank: A tank in which the roof Mots freely nthe surface of dhe gui contents except at low levels when the weight ofthe root i transmit by its supporting Floating screen: A lightweight metal or plastic covering thats aranged to float om the surface ofa liquid ina cuntuinee to retard is evaporation. Flotation level: The depth a submergence of buoyant automatic gauge Roat ina liquid fo known density oF weight Flow meter discrimination: mesure of the sallest increment of chang inthe plse ‘output ofa flow meter a it relates tothe actual volume being measured. Flow proportional sample: A sample ten from pipe such thatthe ute of sampling ‘i oportiona, thoughout the sampling period (othe low rate of he Liquid inthe pipe. Flow range: The range between the maximum andthe minimum flow rates of a meter, scacrally determined bythe Finis of scceptable enor (sce meer flow rate, maximum and ‘minimum Flow rate: The qxtest ofa volume ormassof hguid assnga pot ina ine pe nif time Flow straightener: A lonth of straight pipe containing straightening vans or ihe equ alert that saad athe inet of a low meter ciate swf the igi trom ea ‘ering the meter and capsing measurement errors. Fluid: Gas o ig, ora Free water; abbeeviated FW: The water that exists us separate phase tre of sand liquid Frequency: ‘The numberof repetitions of pecidie process in aunt of time, Frequency converter: An letronic instrument for converting fequency (pulse train) to proportionate analog Sigal Frequency, electrical: The aumber of repetitions feyles) ofa perio signal (fr ex ample, poles, allenating voltage, curtent, et) occuring in a time period of one second, ‘The number of repetitions Cycles) tha occur in one-second period is expressed es hertz (or example, 60 Hz). Frequency output: An outputin the form of frequency, which varios ssa funtion of the applied messurand (or example, angular speed and Mow rae). Froquancy range: The measured values over which a meter or other measuring inst ment i intended to measure. The range i specified by i Upper and lower limits Function, mathematic: A mathemsticul expression describing he lationship between ‘abies, The lunction takes ona definite vale or values when special values ar assigned to crtin other quantities, called tho argurents, or independent variables ofthe funtion {also see argument) Copyright por American Petroleurs InstituteAPI MPMS#2 94 MM O732290 0534281 998 mm Caran +Vocasaare 18 G Gage: An alternate spelling of gage, Garboatd: The stake or shell plating adjacent othe kee plate ona vessel Gas eliminator (separator): (See aireliminato) ‘Gas lock (pressure), tank: A device fied wo the gauge huch on «pressure tank that en ables manual gauping dnd sampling without los of vp. Gathoring: ‘Th proces of transferring the custody of cra oil or was in the Geld from ‘one party to another by performing various measurerents and quality tests aig glans 4 pss mie ne metal hnsing with a glss windew that iconnecte to ‘comtainer to indicate the level ofthe liquid contents, Gauge hatch, tank: The opening inthe top ofa container thovgh which gauging and sampling operations ae carvied out [ee dip (gage) hatch Gauge head, automatic tank gauge: The housing ofthe wutomatic tank gauge that may include the indicator and tans. ‘Gauge point, tank: The pot onthe beom ofa comainer thatthe gauge weight aches during the gauging and from which the measurements ofthe oi and water dep are taken ‘The gauge point usualy coresponds withthe dazu pong but, if wt, the diference in level betwen the datum point sn the gauge point must he desiesied in the expat able, Gauge pressure: (Sec pressure, gauge.) Gauge rod, stick: rigid length of wou or metal thats provided with a sale for mea surement and usally graduated in nits of volume Gauge tape: graduated meal tpe ued for measuring the depth of Figs in 8 tank. Gauge testor (auiomatic tank gauge): (Sov operation checker, automatic tank gauge.) Gauge weight (bob): A weight (plumb boh) that is attached ro amet] gaue tape and isofsuficeat weight 0 Keep the tae taut and of sbch shape asc Facilitate the penetration (of any sludge that might e present on the datum pat ot ank Gauging: A process of measuring the height of wlquid ins continer, Gauging (innaging, dipping, sounding): process wn determine the depth of fn tank, which is measured from the surface ofthe liquid! othe tank boom o 0a fixes acum plate. Gauging (outaging,ullaging): A process to determine the volume of wvlule space in container unoccupied by contents. Hence, ullaging sa method of gauging the contents of ‘tank by measiring the distance from the srice ofthe lid tothe reference gage Poin of camplesnented Sm pipeline by le neration of the sample Grab sample: (2) Solid—A sample obtained by collecting equal quantities from pars or Bckages oa shipment of loos sds so that he sample representative ofthe entire sbi roent b) Liquid—A sample collected ata spevfc lation in a tank or from a flowieg stream a pipe ata specific dine, Graduate, laboratory: A glass messuring cylinder, wally graduated in milliliters Graduated neck ipower: The section of reed eros secon area at the top andor bot Copyright por American Petroleurs InstituteAPI MPHS#4 94 MM 0732290 0534282 824 mm 4 wen Precis nse tom of aprover tak having visible graduations to enable measring sl ieromental volumes. Gravity compensator: A Joule index scele pains which a fixed reference poimser may 60°F (13°C). The compensators marked in both relative density and API gravity units. Gravity solector, meter: (See cootisien of expansion adjuste, meter) Grease sample: A sumple obtsinod by scooping oF dipping 8 quantity of sof or semi tid material from a package ina representative manner. Great circle; ‘The path on te surface ofa sphere-type tak defined by the intersection of ‘plane surface that includes the center of the sphere Gross heating value: The numberof klojoules (BTU's evolved bythe complete com: tuaston, at constant pressure, of one standard cubic meter (oot of gas the temperate of ‘he ga, az and produces of combustion being at 60°F (15°C)] and all ofthe water formed. by the Combustion reaction being condensed to the Liquid stat. Gross observed volume: aheviatd GOV: (See volume, ars observed) Gross standard volume; sbreviated GSV: (See va 10s standard) Guards: Heavy round pipes running longitadinally and welded to the ouside ofthe side hell plating of vessel to at 35 Fenders Guide pote: A device, usually in the form of a cylindrical veical tue, used in Roating roof tanks to prevent rotation of te root Gunwale: The inersecion ofthe deck plating with te side shell plating of «vessel. A. sunwale may be ate connection o a radius connection H Half siding: Theft, horizontal scion ofthe bottom shel plating measured fom the cen ‘erline ofthe vesel othe edge of the fat eel pla. Hatch: An opening in the tp of tank providing acces for gous poses. Headlog (in sver craft of a rectangular shape): The structural member adhe extreme end between there shell plating and the deck. leaning, other pur High vapor pressure liquid: (See pressure.) Hog: ‘he distomion of ship's form due sess in which the bow and stem op below their non positions relative tothe midship portion ofthe vessel Homogenous: When Mid composition isthe same a all points. Hysteresis: The ilfernce between the indications of a measuring instrument when the ‘ome va af the seis eased is reached hy increasing or decreasing the auantiy I Identification inscriptions of a measuring instrument: Ail he words, ener, ané smacks carried by a meascring instrument indicuing its rin, destination, pertion, char- actetsties, method of use te. Impact pressure: (See pressure, impect) Copyright por American Petroleurs InstituteAPI MPHSx} 94 MM 0732290 0534283 760 Ml ‘uoren tVocananr Independent inspector: A person or organization of persons acting independently of, ton bealf of, one or moe pats involved in the wanster, storage, inventory, or analyse ‘of commodity or the calibration of land or marine vessels for purposes of determining the ‘quantity. capacity, andlor doe quality of a commodity (also see commercial paugen, Independent surveyor: Ofien synonymous with “independent inspecte™ hut usually in plving a person or organization capable of teal uty and quality inspection, ination to being capable of providing calibration of shore truck, rail, and marine vessels; meter roving: and physical properties determinations Independent tank: A tank whose boundaries re not prt of he hl sracture of a barge Index: A fixed or movable par of « measuring instrament’ indicating deviee (uch as, pointer, Higui surface, recording stylus, et.) whose position with reference to the scale ‘harks indicates te value ofthe measured quantity, Indicated volume: (See volume, indicted) Indicating instrument: measuring instrument in which the valve ofthe measured ‘quantity i visually indicared bat isnot recorded Inert g A gasthat does not react with the surroundings. Inerting: (a) The proces of pressurizing the vapor space of a vessel with an inet gas bla ‘ez (osally exhaust ga to prevent the formation ofan explosive mintue:(b) a procedure used o reduce the oxygen content of a vestel's cargo spaces to sufficiently ow concent ‘ons at which combustion cannot be sstsined by contained ases or vapors, For inemting, ni ‘eogen, carbon doxide, o the ship's exhaust are ore used. Innage: (See gauging, image.) Innage bob: [Sze gauge weight (bob Input: A signal recived bya devies Integral hull tank: A tank whose boundaries sre the bosom, side, deck, or bulkhead of the vessel hal Instrument, measuring: Aa instrument tha serves vo ransorm the quantity measured correlated quant into s indistion of eyuivalen information Integrating: Providing un ouput that isa time intra fuetion ofthe measurand. Intertace: (a) The contact surface between two boundaries of liquids o the commingling cf products adjacent to each othe in a pipeline; (b) a means for coupling unlike equipment ‘or fonctions so tha they may’ communicate and workin unison, Intermediate container: The vese! nto which illo prt of the sample from a primary containefccver i eansfered for transport storage, or ease of handling, Intermediate gears: A system of gears that transmits ory mation Intermittent sample: pipeline sample withdrava by equal increments au rte of less than one increment per minite International System of Units (SD: A coberent system of units of measurement founded on the follosring seven hase wnt: the metre, nto length; the Kilogram, uit of mass the second, unit of time; the ampere, wit of elecec current; the Kelvin, uni of ther= rmodynamie temperate; she candel, unit of laminous intensity; sn the mole, amount oF substance Interpolation: proces by which an appropriate valu is placed between tule values ofa function Copyright por American Petroleurs InstituteAPI MPMS21 94 mm 0732290 0534284 ET? Mm Interpulse spacing: Vaistions in mex pulse widvspece,nornally expressed in percent. Isentropic exponent: A thermodynamic sate property that estblishes the relaionship ‘pexween a expan Mids presse snd dens as he Noid ows throu an ei nae bore Isokinetic sample: Sampling in such 8 manner that the linear velosity ofthe liquid thycughthe opening of the sampling probe Is equal othe linear veleity ofthe liquid in the tthe samoling location an en the same diestion asthe bulk of the qu inthe pproaching the sampling probe L Lagging edge: The posive.tonogative wanstion ofan elocte signal Laminar flow: A smoot flow of uid in which no eros ow of Mid particles occu be tween adjacent stream lines. "The ransiton from smooth uniform laminar flow to urblent ‘ow generally occurs as the Reyoalds number increases fom about 2300 0 4000 oF moe. Leading edge: The negative-to-postve easton of an elects signal Lease automatic custody transfer system; aorviaied LACT: An arangemest of ‘equipment designed forthe unattended custody transfer of liquid hydrocarbons from pro- cing leases the wransporting amit Length (of «tank barge) The distance measured on the centerline bet ples eat end oF arg an, the healing Length betwoen perpendicular: The dstnceon the sumer load waerine from the fore side ofthe ster: 1 the ft side of the rudder post or slea post. On. vessels without a rudder or see pos, he lengi is measured tothe centering ofthe rudder stock. Lotter of protest (notice of apparent discrepancy): A leer issued by any pete: Spat in custody transfer citing any condition with which ies is taken. This yerves as writen record that aparcular action or finding was questioned athe time of eccurence. Line circulation: Petroleum or oder uid delved though a pipeline system ino ae ceiving vessel or tank o ensure that the section of pipeline [om the souce tank othe ‘eivng anc fallin order to minimize the amount of atm the pipeline, Line displacement: An operation to replace previows material in pipeline. Line drop: Opening (venting to ermasphere) a vessels piping system 0 ft allow, 10 the ‘extent possi, its drainage into tank or tans where the material may be gauged and ac counted for, Line press (pack): ‘he corded dtforence ina uank's gauges taken hoth while the tank's valve oF valves ae closed (tf line) and while they are open (on line) into a closed sytem, All downsercum salves ofthe lin rection t bepress are open wile the tm nating valves remain clesed, The term also eles to the at of performing this operation. Linear meter range: ‘The low ange over which the mets Factor does not devits from specie Kimits Linearity of a meter: The ica! eccuracy curve of a volume meters astaight line de noting a constant meter lutor. Meter Linearity i expressed asthe total range of deviation ‘ofthe seeuracy curve from suc a stvight line between the minimum end maximum ree- ‘ommended Now res Liquid: (See uid) Copyright por American Petroleurs InstituteAPI MPHS#1 94 MM 0732290 0534265 533 mm Liquefied petroleum gas (LP-gas);abirevisted LPG: Cas that is predominantly bu ‘ane und propane separate from natural gasoline or nara gal sold in liquid form as fuel—commonly knows as botled gs, tank gas, of LP- List (heel): (s) The leaning or inition ofa vessel, expressed in depres port degres sta barb) the transverse deviation of «vessel fms the upeight potion, expressed in dere. List correction: The conection applied tothe volume or gauge observed in a Vess!' tank ‘when the vessels listing, provided that quid in contact with all bulkheads inthe tas, List camection may’ e accomplished by referring othe Ist correction tales for each ofthe vessel's tanks orby mathematial calculation, {Load on top; abbreviated LOT: Defined as both 8 procedure and a practice es fllows Procedure: The shipboard procedure of collecting and setlng water and oil unter sulting fom batistng and tank cleaning operations (asialy in 8 special slop tank or tanks) and subsequetly loading cargo 01 top of and pumping the mitre asboce a he discharge por. Practice: Theat of commingling onboard quantity with cargo being load, Lock-in thermometer: A dial indicating ermperature instrument having an automatic locking device forthe indicator. This feature ensues thet the indication can change i ‘he reading hasbeen taken and the instrament reset Loss control measurement: ‘The systematic review and analysis of ll measurements ‘hat provide for inventory contol by establishing hascine mewsurements against wich 0 {judge oss contol effors Low vapor pressure liquid: (See pressure, low vapor pressure liquid) Lowor sample: spo: sample from te mid-point of te lower one-third ofthe tank con- tents (a distance of fve-sixhs ofthe quid depth helow the op surface) M Mass: Aa absolute measure ofa panicular quantity of matt, Mss is defined ia tems of ‘standard mass, ane therefore the mass of an objet i imply 4 mili of the mass etn dat. The mas ofan object remains eoestant regardless of its locaton, The metic uni of mass ithe Kilogram (kg). Mass, Mass standard: A precise andard whose volume, density, cubical coefficient of theal ‘expansion, and mass have been determined bythe National Insts of Stancards and Tech- nology (NIST), spparent: The weight of an object in ar, compared with amas standard Mass standard, apparent, 4 precise standard whose density and apparent mass have Teen determine by 2 high precision commercial laboratory, 4s compared with it's pimary ‘tanta. apparcin mass Samdaeds are caborate DY paimary mass or primary appatent mass standards, whieh in turn have been ceritie by National Insite of Standards and ‘Technology (NIST). Master meter: A meter tha is proved using acetifed prover and then used to calibrate ‘other provers or prove otier meters Maximum loading gauge (stop gauge): Th: maximum permissible gauge measure rent to which rail tank ca shall be loaded occoring to Interstate Commerce Commission ACC) regulations. Copyright por American Petroleurs InstituteAPI MPHS#) 94 MM 0732290 0534286 477 Om @ venom Prmcicas MONTE Meagurand: A physical quantity, Soe ise ones preempt pet, or condition that his heen ors to be messursd ‘Measured variable: ‘xe physiel quaatiy, propery, or condition ht sto be measure. Common measured variables ae temperature, prssuc, rate of flow, thickness, velocity, et. Measurement: The following terms pertain to dierent categories of measurement Measurement base unit of wit of aczsurement of ene the base quoi (een), Example: The metros the bese nit of length in the Intemational System of Unis. The in ther sult of a measuremeat ofa certain quae in comparison with the rest of another mes urement of the same quantity Worst-case conditions (sampling: The operating conditions forthe sumper that rep. ‘resent the most uneven end unstable concentration profile tthe sampling Iocstion, Z Zoro measurand output: The output of a transduce wit ze-o measurand applied. Copyright por American Petroleurs InstituteAPT MPNS#1 9N MM 0732290 0534305 151 am 1.2 Abbreviations Abortion Deseo A,AMP ampere AAR Association of Americ Railroads (se section 1.9) fabs asolte ABS American Burvav of Shipping (se section 1.9) AC attemating curent AGA American Gas Ascciaion (se section 1.9} AIChE American Institue of AIME American Institute of Mining, Metallurgic (see Sesion 1.9) ical Baginests (ee setion 19) and Petroleum Engineers AM amplitude mosulsion ANMC American National Metric Council (se section 1.9) ‘ANSI American National Standard Institue Ge section 1.) AOPL Association of Ol Pipelines (see section 1.9) APL American Petroleum Insitute (se section 19) approx approximately ASME Ametican Society of Mechanical Engineers (see section 1.9) ASTM. American Sockey for Testing Mateils (see section 1.9) fatm atmosphere avg aversge Dbl, bbls barrel, barels Be Baume BLM Bureau of Land Management (ee ection 1.9) ‘bp boiling point bbUd, BPD bares per dey bbl, BPH barclspechour BSI British Standards Institute (see section 1.9) BSAW —acaic [se sediment and water (S&W)] Btu British thermal nit © Celsius (ec cubic centimetre coth cubic fet por hour fofm cubic fee per minute CFR Code of Federal Regulations ffs cubic feet per second Copyright por American Petroleurs Institute Thu Dec 14 24:36:13 2000API MPMS#) 94 Mm 0732290 O53430b 0938 a = Aco Pemoisath Aceon essgion eg centerof gravity gs centumetre-gram-secont CMA Chemical Manufuctuers Association (se section 1.9) coo! cveticient col column COW crude oil washing (ope pressure conection fect for gud ‘opm cycles per minute (eps cycles per second (new definition is hertz} ete volume cotrection factor for liguid eyl eslinder DE divectourrent deg. degre la diameter DOC Department of Commerce see section 1.9) DOD Department of Defense (se section 19) DOE Deparment of Energy (sce section 1.9) DOI Department ofthe Interior (see section 1.9) DOT Deparment of Transporation (ee section 1.9) DVR discharge vescel rato; see vesel rato, discharge EC European Commonity (see section 1.9) femt cletromative force Entolec Enersy Telscommunications and Electrical Assocation (se section 1.9) EPA Enviroamentl Protection Agency (see section 1.9) F Fahrenheit FFM Frequency modulation fpm feet per minute {pS (3) foe per second (0 foot pound-second. FR Federal Register tt feet FW (a) Sree water (b) fresh water (2) scceleration due 0 gravity: ¢) gram ‘ram-caloie gallon, gallons Copyright por American Petroleurs Institute Thu Dec 14 24:36:13 2000API MPHS#2 94 MM 0732290 0534307 T24 mm (gm gram (alternate abbreviation); se & GOV gross observed volume (sce volume, gross observed) GPA Gas Processors Assocation (see section 1.9) ‘gpm gallons per minute GAI Gas Research state (oe section 1.9) GSV gross standard volume (see volume, gross standard) GSW gross standard weight br hour Hz hertz new term for eyeles per second) NCS _Inneratonal Chamber of Shipping (see section 1.9) 1D inside dames HEE Insite of Hlcwical and Elecuonic Enginces (sce section L9) IGS inert gas system IMO Intemational Maritime Organization (see xecton 1,9) fn inenes inl inck-pound IP Insstate of Pewoleum (see section 9) ISA _Insizument Society of America (see section 1.9) ISGOTT nemational Safety Guide for Oi Tankers and Terminals 180 _Imerational Oganization fr Standardization (ee section 1.9) Kelvin kg ior kgecal, kilogram calories kgm, kilogram (force)-metre km kilometre Lee LACT lease automate custody transfer "tbs pound, pounds [UNG liguifed nual gas og logarithm LOT touson op LPG liquid petroleum gas LVR toad vese ratio (2e vesel loa Copyright por American Petroleurs InstituteAPI MPHS#3 94 MM 0732290 0534308 9L0 mm ” uencae Perna m mene sma millampere max maximum met thousand enbic feet ME ctr factor mlz megahertz (one million bert) min minimum ‘mm — millimetes mt mapnecomonive fore MMS Minerals Management Service (see section 19) mp meting point MPS —Aonual of Petrolewn Measurement Standards, APL NCWM National Conference on Weights and Measures (se section 1.9) NIST National Instate of Standards and Technology (se section 1.9), NFPA Ni NGL natural pes lguids eal Fine Pectin Association (sn section 1.9) NSV net standard volume (see volume, net standard NSW net standard weight 080 onboard quantity OCIMF Oil Companies International Marine Forum (ce section 1.9) 0D ouside diameter WML —ovecnational Organization oF Legal Mewology (See section 1.9) OSHA Occupat PLP page pepes pm pars per million i pounds per square inch tal Safety and Health Administration (ae section 1.9) pla pounds pr square inch sbsclte psig pounds per square inch gauge Ra) degrees Rankine (Falenteit absolut); () radius Flo Reynolds number fev revolution ms root mean square ROB seraining onboard pm _ revolions per mine Copyright por American Petroleurs InstituteAPI MPHS*3 94 MM 0732290 0534309 617 mm Curren Voessiiany ps revolutions per second VP Reid vapor pressure SAW sediment and water ‘SGA Souther Gas Association (se section 1.9) ‘SI International System of Units (sce seetion 1.5) SNR signal-to-noise ratio 8p gt specific gravity, archaic (ee density, relaive) Spt specific hear SPE Society of Pezoloum Engineers see section 1:9} 5q square SSF _ viscosity, Saybolt second furol ‘SSU viscosity, Saybolt second universal std sandad TEV ota calculated volume sce volume, etal called) TOV tou delivered volume (sce volume, total delivered) temp temperure TOV tua observed volume (see volume, ttl observed) TAY total received volume (6ce volume, tual received) USCG United Stites Coast Guat (50 section 1.9) USCS United States Custom Service (see section 19) Ver vy VEF vessel experience factor ion factor vol veloty vert vertical vis viscosity vol wlume wg water gauge wt weight yd yard ye year Copyright por American Petroleurs Institute Thu Dec 14 24:36:13 2000API MPHS#3 94 mM 0732290 0534340 535 om 1.3 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Table of Contents. corm 1 cos cosm 3 coum 4 copm 3 ‘copM 6 cos Copyright por American Petroleurs Institute Vocabulary Tank Calibration Calibration of Upright Cylindrical Tks Using the Optical Reference Line Method Calibracion of Barge Tanks Calibration of Tanks on Ships and Oceangoing Bares Tank Gauging ‘Standart Practice for Level Measurement of Lige uid Hydrocarbons in Stationary Tanks by Auto- ‘matic Tank Gauging Proving Systems Intrdetion Conventional Pipe Proves ‘Small Voluae Provers ‘Tank Provers Master Meir Provers Pulse Interpolation ‘eld- Standard Test Measures Metering General Considerations for Measurement by ‘Meters Measurement of Liquid Hydrocazbons by Dis- placement Meters “Measurement of Ligud Hydrocarbons by Turbine Meters Accessory Equipment for Liquid Meters Fidelity ond Scourty of Flow Measurement Pulsed-Date Transmission Systems Metering Assembles Lease Automatic Custody Transfer (LACT) Sys Loading Rack and Tank Truck Metering Systems Service Station Dispensing Metering Systems Motoring Systems for Aviation Fueling Facilites Metering Systems for Loading and Unloading Ma- ‘ine Bulk Carvers Pipeline Metering Systems “Metering Visca Hydrocarbons Temperature Determination Static Temperature Determination Using Mercury inGlass Tank Theemometers Dynami Temperature Deteisation Sutic Tempersrue Deternnation Using Portable Electronic Thermometers State Temperature Determination Using Fixed “Automatic Tank ThermometersAPI MPNS#2 94 MM 0732290 053353 USS mm cosM cos cosm cosm, 92. 93 0 101 102 103 wos Jos 106 107 1s we u ua 2a 21M 122M Copyright por American Petroleurs Institute Thu Dec 14 24:36:13 2000 Sampling Monwal Saripling of Peroleum and Petroleum Prots Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products Density Determination Hydrometer Tost Method for Density, Relative Den- sity (Specific Gravity) oe API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products Pressure Hydrometer Test Method for Density or Method for Density and [APL Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Pe- twoleum Products Sedimert and Water DDetemiation of Sediment in Crude Oils and Fuel Oils by Extraction Method Detenminstion of Water in Crude Oils by Distillation Determination of Water and Sediment in Crude {i hy the Consrifnge Method ( shnestony Procedute? Determination of Water and Sediment in Crude Oil bythe Centifupe Method (Feld Procedure) Determiation of Water in Petroleum Products and ‘Bituminous Materials hy Disilaion Determination of Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils ‘by the Centrifuge Method (Laboraory Method) Standard Test Method foe Water in Crude Oi by Karl Fischer Titration (Volumetric) ‘Stundard Test Method for Seaiment ‘by Membrane Filation ‘Standard Test Method for Water in Cruse Oils by ‘Covlomerie Kant Fischer Tiation Crude OF Physical Properties Data ‘Volume Correction Factors Compresibility Factors for Hydrocarbons: 0-90 API Gravity Range Compressibity Factors for Hydrocarbons: 638-1074 Kilograms per Cubie Metre Range Compresihiiny Pastors fr Hydrcurbes 250 (0.637 Relative Density (60°FI60"P) sud ~S0°F to 140°F Metering Temperature Compressibilty Factors for Hydrocarbons: 350-637 Kilograms per Cubie Metre Density (15°C) and 46°C to 60°C Metering Tempora-API MPMSx2 94 MM 0732290 0534312 39) am ‘comnitee COSM (cont) cosmconn cosMcoom coom corm cosM coma Coss cam 13 Ba 4 Ma M43 M3 43 183 43 146 ar 48 Is "7 m4 72 3 18 iat 19 iat Publ 25140, Bul 2516 Bul 2517 Pub2519 Copyright por American Petroleurs Institute Propylene Density Catctanen of etrlcum Quantaes Calculation of Liuid Petoicum Quantities Mea- ‘ured by Turhine of Displacement Meters Saristical Aspects of Measuring sad Sampling Staristical Concepts and Procedures in Measure- Naural Gus Fluids Measurement CColecrng and Handling of Naucl Gas Samples for Custody Transfer Compresibiy Pacer of Nawal Gas and Other Related Hydrocarbon Gases Concentric, Syunre-Baged Orifice Meters Part, General Equations and Uncertainty Guide lines Part 2, Specification and Installstion Requirements Pan 3, Natural Gas Applications Pare 4, Background, Development, Inplements tion Procedues and Subroiine Documentation ‘Converting Mass of Natural Gas Liquids and Va ors to Bguivalent Liquid Volumes Calculation of Gross Heating Value, Specific ‘Gravity, and Compressbility of Natural Gas Mixtures from Compositional Analysis Continuous Density Measurement Mass Measurement of Netural Gas Liquids “Liquefied Petroleum Gas Measurement Guidotines for Use of the Intertionl Sysem of ‘Units (inthe Petoleum and Allie Indies Measurement of Hydrocarbon Fluids by Weight or aus Marine Measuremen Guidelines for Marine Cargo Inspection Measursment of Cargoes an Boatd Tank Vesscs Guidelines for Kentiication of the Souce of Free Waters Associated With Marine Petroleum Cayo Movements Custody Transfer “Meesurement Procedures for Crude Oil Gathered From Small Tas by Trucks Evaporation Lass Measurement Evaporative Loss from Fined-Roof Tanks Atmospheric Hydsocarhoo Emissions from Ma- rine Vessel Transfer Operations Evaporation Loss fom Low-Pressure Tanks Evaporation Loss from External Floating-Roof Tanks ‘Beaperaton Loss fom Intel Foti Roof TanksAPI MPNSx> 94 MM 0732290 0534333 228 mm CELM (cont) Bul 252 {Use of Pessure-Vacuum Veat Valves for Aime: Publ 2524 Impact Assessment of New Data on the Validity of ‘American Petroleum Institute Marine Transfer Operation Emission Factors Publ 2525 Review of Ait Toxics Easton Calculations frm Storage Tanks (Phase 1), Air Tonic Emissions Calculation Validation Program: Analysis of Crude Oil and Refined Product Sumples and Comparison of Vapor Composition to Model Predictions (Pas I) Publ2557 Vapor Collection and Contol Options for Storaze ‘and Transfer Operations in the Petroleum In= ‘sy Publ2S58 Wind Tunnel Testing of Extemal Floating Roof Storage ‘Tanks cop 2 Allocation Measurement of Ol aid Natural Gas 2 Allocation Measurement coum a Flow Measurement Using Electronic Metering au Electronic Gas Measurement Copyright por American Petroleurs InstituteAPI MPHS#1 94 MM 0732290 US343L4 264 mm sence Pe 1.4 Mathematical Signs and Symbols 1.41 SIGNS AND SYMBOLS plus (sign of adsition) positive ‘minus (sign of subiration) negative pls or minus (minus o ps) times by (mulipietion sign) rmukiplid by sign of division divided by parentheses, rackets and braces: quuntties enclosed by them o be taken together in tiplying, diving te. ‘equals, a (proportion) lessthan rete han equals approximately equals qual ores than ual to or greater than approaches ienscal with infinity Copyright por American Petroleurs Institute cube rot of parallel engi of lie from A to B pi 314154) degrees seconde angle Afferent of x (ett) itfeence paral derivative of with respect to iatogel of integral of, between Hinits and fonctions ofx absolute value of x andar deviation (stgmay summation of (bar x) the mean valve of set of alles Sion square root of thereforeAPI MPHS#) 94 MM 0732290 0534315 O70 mm (veren 1-Voecanttany 1.42 NUMERICAL PREFIXES. ing cumerialprefines are standard in the scientific, engineering, and math tay, These stele, i conus pease, wleie une Ul Use ein confit. a ox 0" ree P 10 tere r wt isa 6 vt wep M ! vito . tr eso h 10! dca a wo! de 4 ww cea ww sail a wo micro # wo? sano a" 60 P wo" emo : 10" to a Copyright por American Petroleurs Institute Thu Dec 14 21:36:14 2000API MPMSs) 94 MM 0732290 OS3434b 737 « Avena Peo arr 1.5 International System of Units (SI) ‘ante at Sister Female BASE UNITS. Feng metre mn - mass Aslograrn ie - time second s - sfectriecurent ampere A — thermodynamic temperature kelvin K — amount of substnee mole ‘mat — fuminous intensity candela od - plane angle dian aad - solid angle steradian ” - DERIVED UNITS, acecleraton rete per second squared - is eciviy of a al ess uo oars omg 3 ne Iss on ayn ons 3 os? rest ited oon ome, o3 est vou 70 09 36 1.28 W032 ‘0.9685 9619 os ioe wor Ose oH oe ate eos cr fas oa as ‘ee? Os ots tz ‘a se ses met ms om tere one 53 tna sen 68 e52 mar ws sass oss 566 220 ine Sst 32 eH819 oie ms sen ont os oe Bias oS oss set om Se 05567 a2 5685 sass 561 sss ‘ovat ss ost ose fom oa sstt 3330 oes Se e558 bao Copyright por American Petroleurs institute Thu Dec 14 24:36:15 2000ms te bs an ns Ne Be Copyright por American Petroleurs institute Thu Dec 14 24:36:15 2000 99 Desi hos over ri ns os pao bowe aga ase fois ou 93% ‘am ose: ms rs ase oon ts asn09 ‘08 ic oom asase ass Son ea 2920 seh 523 i mo en wo4 mn so m8 mao one paw vals oe ‘so aks se 58 eet 38 ba Lb as oo we aa vas vues os bas Avencin Pema. are API MPMSx) 94 MM 0732290 0534322 230 Om ‘Table 1—API Graviy to Relative Density and to Density (Continued) Teahe Posty ren a Rete we, cary aso ° ose 213 zt osn12 oat m2 0936 sa 2 se 595 osiss ona oie ona sim oes a 08188 oar 2a as 31a Ba ois one aM 9135 S130 as 9129 giz Be 0913 sits 2 osit7 ona Ba ositt Stas Ro sic S100) 20 sic sins 2 Ooms smo 22 baie sts 2S 90 ont a bom om us oom os 26 oes ry a 91s iss ee boss ous 20 oon oma a bone mt > roy ons ey oom oo Ba ons oo as osuis 0 se 910 sia ar poe os Be om tt Bo 030 as Et oom ma ae osm 0 fa on? oe at er rd o bg 39, oes bs a ea om aAPI MPHSsi 94 Mm 0732290 0534323 177 mm CCueres t~Vocenuanr ‘Table 1—API Gravity to Relative Density and io Density (Continued) cay Dey beni cmt Deny Peosy on, ur eo wn air, wo va own ey 0 oss sas Bi fn wa a1 Desa tots ma 2 ft mn? as wae 3 oie & ey tea pe 0s Es ase Baas ost ns sce sca as ae eos tie te a ett eau Oaass ce eat se mt es at aasor 92 as ans mi ast su me ask ae Dasa we aes anes ss pase att ms rien Bs basil ae ae aan a esis Set ms nai se Ds Sse Bo ak no bass S80 = en str basis st 2 ‘ns Ma base sa3 BS tm a Dass sb Bo ‘owns a9. Me xsi ssid Be oes ma wo base suo 9 oe in He sot 59 30) are wr bes wo we oe ws ise het saa os oars m0 uss sans 69 es ae fae 6 bate sea 9 ans fs 389 bes sau a oem tos Ba bas va aa st tod fet bee a3 as os 106 6s ogias sas Me ra wor ee bse ons a ote es i bans ws ma ess eso sar bets 03 ee ss ses Dsus oe Copyright por American Petroleurs institute Thu Dec 14 24:36:15 2000API MPNSeh 44 MM 0732290 0534324 O03 mm s Aveness Peoiea hare ‘Table 1—API Gravity to Relative Density and to Density (Continued) a eive an Rabe on aor ose on ary ise m0 ox 3399 «6 Osis sis2) ma ‘893 BS a xis} sar m2 ss se ma alte ia ye re we ia asia a8 as ass 08 ans sina ane oe 8 sa as 8128 aie B se ise 2 03135 ae Bs Oras tise oa Osis ana m3 ans mo ae asilt ano seo osu eae 80 8109 sins se Oa 38 oI sine 100 ma Oa a a oxib0 a8 eT ‘08328 ant Ba 08090, ‘068 36 a9 fis we sith an oes a9 sas oe Sane face 8 ‘igi 00 no Os es no axa 40 os 59 mt fos a est esa ie2 ‘9 4 Danse 50 a fs aS Sen ss 6 aa 0s si a» es wot wo? = ano 0 ry or nae a ‘2 fas az get a2 ‘008 te 6 heme 90 ties aS an ma aes eo a9 8 ms 96 m3 it nae ie 967 ee an Data ua basse 350 ais os was ors39 wa ae bares ue oes Bal od hai a om ma? a9 bat us om mas Copyright por American Petroleurs institute Thu Dec 14 24:36:15 2000API MPMS#) 94 MM 0732290 0534325 THT mm Table 1—API Graviy to Relative Density and to Density (Continued) ar Tetene a ane aoe itary ase on ire) ase a0 a we 0 em moe a 9 19 1 ore moa 02 came Bs a ara imo oF ae cal 0298 res me os sua co 102 ws 0s 01 sas 7680 ne esa, fot Se es a Os ye ay fe ter oe 01892 88 me ‘es tis ao om oa Bs ne oa 480 oss ms 50 one ma ier ome ms su bees 1 fea ome mm 82 Ket tsk tas a ob ss oes sa ta es 0 Sa ones 0 sas sss a8 sss 9 rs he ast 83 Ss Ses wed a ese me 3) ren jaa os ok ms Se Sa asa a oa 80 Se ae 7680 20 ors 236 seo 7e28 yes a 3s 12 si eat wei 2 os) m7 a 4a 7 2 0755 maa so bas wet we ot ms se Oi 08 95 om mua 85 0 was es ons m1 te mas 7a eo 80 m8 so 3399 197 oe ‘rs 02 See O09 393 Bo 0 re ered ors 35 so 7196 m3 80 ons rss fa are mo ss O78 a aa orm ras 2 1s tb = oss a Ss rss im wa ans 78 sat ors Bas os oars ma sss ser 04 6 2790 mar ah bs 7se0 So arm 763 a bass Sa oa ane Ts9 Sse ass 3 08 ans ss 59 oss a a os wis st 3338 ata 52 ores mua Sa 29599 186 a ana me ra arse wat sta O76 m4 ae ars 728 ss oma me sas orm m4 . Si6 brs mas ae O78 sD ed Die mt sr a wie sia a my sos ons Bi S03 ons m3 63 oustt 08 Copyright por American Petroleurs institute Thu Dec 14 24:36:15 2000API NPHS#1 94 MM 0732290 0534326 986 s Avescan Peao.eou heute ‘Tablo 1—API Gravity to Relative Density and to Density (Continued) ar ebeve ae ewe Genin Dome Dewy coris Denis Decay on worn, ase. on ei) ee m0) ‘nso7 704 a0 om mi m1 08 300 a 07309 yar m2 a9 8 ea ans yes sa Gras 92 a ort tas a aus ha a one m5 os oust mas es ome m2 sr ass has es 07390 ms sO baa 1098 rag On a se onan 7469) 29 om mr sso 69 6s oo oms ms Sr boast Hal ou om m0 so ness us? a Ort os 3 oss 53 a base rea sa ans mts co 0 st one mas as ase rsa on me eo ass msi 70 87 a a net 736 m8) an as 3 ie 328 os one mo oe mee eo ome rs feat 103 a om m2 ea mia oa 07250 yas baie faa ao ona yas ova mato oh oot m1 2 7408 08 wis a9 cd 7s woo cord ont so e701 ian our one Sox a aa oe ore 20 on man oo oss aw oreo sz “so onn ne9 a es 3 1 o7197 s9s sz one ie s: 07198 yn ord as ams 3 07190 mas oa fae am fe ons nies was os 68 ss ma oe Oa ee 6 a7 ar 9 eo er 303 ‘ax se 186 ce mo ao ras 182 oo nos 80 ops nas “o aise aa ms at abs 62 ane mat 2 ass a3 ony at 3 1132 he as 33 ee or wis one m9 as mes ss ae m8 fea ast ri ae ms ar my m0 is oe gna so nae 7h eo 730 Copyright por American Petroleurs institute Thu Dec 14 24:36:15 2000API MPMSe2 94 MM 0732290 0534327 812 ‘wren toca ‘Table 1—API Gravity to Relative Density and to Density (Continued) ‘ae eae am Relive ct worn, ae ‘on aoe) wo oa ona m7 0 Deas 2 en nies ms a bias us or wns a6 nm nes OH ee ° ma he bow os os bot Tins BS bens fox a ins 2 ni aoa oe os rum hes ne baoae aa 2 8s ev Bt bats on a es joao m3 bean os fe 0m wn me es os 6 ‘oxo ore 26 6m ‘6997 fe tsk ae nt ese sou ry ome thes Bs bess ‘ 9 he 88 n> aso oan oo oust 2054 x9 es an fs (oe des 2 we a oe oe a tet bet on es 010 mas us osteo as oe ons st mo wei ct 8 om faa on ss as mm ams ina Bt ‘st eu ms oan mo 3 ee au mn Sem ims as ‘9 ek iat Des os is pra aa Seon too et Gals ne 6° 65 m8 ‘6500 38 a Sebo 0a we 9696 os ms ape ons oe 983 ome oe om ons me as nh Copyright por American Petroleurs Institute Thu Dec 14 24:36:16 2000API MPHSx2 94 MM 732290 0534326 759 © uencin Perma tucrn ‘Table 1—API Grauily to Relative Density and to Density (Continued) an Reve am Relive cnet Dente Periy cowl Dente Deny “on seo" nee any uy (ser ne oss? 10 659 oss Bi oss at ase ise ns os si esse ous ns asim ee aus 2653 oo Bs ose? es as bea cae mn? ‘se a si best sae iis ‘sie ws) Oest sas ne aos ose m3 ost 0 asst 3 ne aa wane ast oso, a 940s 23 ma bane us 02 ect sea mo bans ous 3 oes ea wha a oso m4 es a ns ans asa es oie wis Be bans oe Be ‘ee ous mo sine ao 2 es as mae ners oar as ‘ss wna m8 eras one a so oo m0 osm ons ao ass oo ma bens at al esse 63 ma bere sa a asst ‘809 BS bens eu 8) este és Bs 50 ous ou ast a8 ms 06706 os ws oss esto m8 ‘sre. ‘2 Se ran “ 9 5700 “9 8) ones fa a as fs Se os ei me es 32 59 089 es woo se00 sss so) 0.66 665 mr Ste 6 ea oes 2 ma See fs 2 bes fsa 03 ees ss a3 Dasst 56 mos oer se we pease sss wos ers wos Ms ass eso 8 ‘is ‘60 ws Dass ur ao Nt ‘or Mr basis ese me es sa Ma baste esti ct} st or we was cd Copyright por American Petroleurs Institute Thu Dec 14 24:36:16 2000API MPNSe) 94 MM G732290 0534329 695 mm 1.8 Temperature Conversions outer '—vecaman 1.8.1 CONVERSION FORMULAS “Ce Degree Celsius 82 CONVERSION VALU! ‘Use the Fllowing form Degree Fabresheit 5 10 convert temperatures (0 and from ST ants: $C =59CF-32) F915 (C432) “Tle 2 proves conversion vals fo entpeaiaes in degices Falvenbeit and degrees Celsius for exch whole degre from 50° to +250". The temperature to be convered is fou in the center “temperate tobe converted” column I the temperstre to be con- ‘ered isin degrees Fabrenfei its equivalent in egress Celsius is found in te “degrees Celsius” columr tthe left. If the temperature to be converted in degrees Celsius, its ‘equivalent in degrees Fabrenhet found i the “gross Fabrenfet™ column to the ht “emgene pees Te Che care =36 “0 88 * ar oe 28 a Copyright por American Petroleurs Institute Thu Dec 14 24:36:16 2000 Table 2—Temperature Conversions “6? ine Bese a 122 Sa a sae: bubad 2 2 Bee 282i gee oCopyright por American Petroleurs Institute Thu Dec 14 24:36:16 2000 API MPHS#2 94 MM 0732290 0534330 307 mt “Tempe ‘Avenn Perot Mere ‘Table 2—Ternperature Convorsions (Continued) sevenoaneeasseves sruncesaseanenceeneneenesaues IE me oa 33 eo we Ae 3a ss ma Ff oe 3 id tl 23 Se 33 So Tenpeuae 3API MPHSx} 94 MM 0732290 0534331 203 mm Overs Voom ‘Table 2-—Temperature Conversions (Continued) “romp Tewpae eye ae pemee | gees See Pome his cameras steric | Cte ea ei m0 136 Mss a 2s 010 me i Sis oa Be ime mM 3a oo an ee nt ua na 3 dass ma ans oe 38 m2 Ba a mo mM ico a a2 oa ety aus ne so oo. ha ne waa sae nes 3 ast 330 ime rout he ana Bo Ba rot Bs isa ae ba ay 2 ae ae eo aa i he as we es he ms xs 133 x be a8 yaa qe 2 Be 9 Ba tes 2 aay ‘oa 0 ts Ea bis aaa Ite Bs ae toe a8 We? Bt bs ay ma ons a aa m2 0 1 mB ins x is a9 Be int 3 ie ost Bs ar BS mas ea Bo pire ni Ect ies 3 abe So Bs mu B aoe Be fas ma B a ae 88 ie Be a0 ar mms Mes bs so ma ma ms 2 er aa ma ie S ase a ass nat be fas a me iso Be aa a sos tise x aise sao ma hist tes oe ss ma aos ma Ba wa iro oo boa hn au os sun tae tee Be Sas 0 fae 0 bis mu a0 m8 a Noe Ra = gs 27.16 Copyright por American Petroleurs Institute Thu Dec 14 24:36:16 2000API MPMSx3 94 MM 732290 OS34332 LOT mm ee venom Perce ere 1.9 Government Agencies, Standards Organizations, Professional Societies, and Trade Associations ‘American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) Params, New Jersey 201-368-9100 founded 1862 ‘The American Bureau of Shipping establishes universal standorés by which sips, mo- bile offshore deiling units, and ber marine structures are built and maintained ‘American Gas Association (AGA) ‘Aatingtoa, Virginia ossat S000 founded 1919 “The American Cs Association provides services o natural ges ulti in flds of ech sical operation, inace, communications, and lpal activities ‘American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AICHE) [New York, New Yor 212-708-7338 founded 1908 ‘The American Intute of Chemical Engineer sw technical society whose mai fune {ion is to iform is members of new development inthe field of chemical engineering, ‘American institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers (AIME) New York, New York 212-105-7695 founded 1871 The American Insitute of Mining, Metllurpcsl and Peroleum Engineers separate ‘omporation controlled by is four member societies: te Society of Ming Engineers, the ‘Meallrgical Sovity, the on and Stel Sociol, andthe Scie of Petroleum Engineers Te promotes kovledge involved in the prexluction and use of minerals, metals, and eneapy ‘American National Metric Council (ANMC) ‘Washington, DC. 202-624-5757 founded 1973 The American National Metric Conn is ivolved with the meri atvities of com merce and indy, ‘American National Standards Institute (ANSI) [New York, New York 212-334-3300 founded 1918 “The American National Standards Institut provides information on and appraves Amer ican National Stndards for industry, engineering, saety, design, and other applications. Copyright por American Petroleurs InstituteAPI MPNSeS 94 MM O732290 0534333 Olt mm oastes toca ‘American Petroleum Institute (API) Washingtoo, DC. 00-62-8000 founded 1919 ‘The American Petroleum Insite serves the petroleum industry by sponsoring research, developing techocl stars, formulating polices, and pring informacion to the public ‘American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Dallas, Texas 214-437-1194 found 1880 ‘The American Sociery of Mechanical gingers san educational and technical society that sponsors ntemational and national metiags, develops standards, and conducts eh- ical publishing operation ‘American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Philadelphia, Pennsyivania 213-299-3400 unde 1898 ‘The American Society for Testing and Materials develops consensus standards form ‘cra, products, systems, and serves, and promotes related knowledge ‘Association of American Reilroads (AAR) ‘Washington, DC. 202-639-2100 foundec 1872 ‘The Associaton of American Railroads ropresents the freight railroad industry before the ‘government and the public and provides research and development forte industry ‘Association of Oil Pipelines (AOPL) Washington, DC. AL-BLOTH founded 1947 ‘The Association of Oil Pipsines sa tae assaciarion that represents Tigi petroleum Pipeline companies. It prepres testimony on legal nd economic regulatory issues and ap- als oF goverument actions, nd i bbies on behalf ofthe companies. ADPL generally Han- ‘les legal ard economic issues, while the Manufecluring, Disritution and Marketing Department of API handles technical ones, British Standards Institute (BS!) London England 1636 1008 "The British Scandards Institute i similar tothe American National Standards Insitute, except thet both produces an coordinates British nation stands, BS is the Uni Kingdom's representative 150. ‘Sureau of Explosives founded 1907 Copyright por American Petroleurs InstituteAPI MPHSs% 94 MM 0732290 0534334 TS2 mm % Aeon Perrot STE “The Bureau of Explosives became the Haza:dous Material division ofthe Association of American Railroads in 1985, Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Washingoa, DC. 202-343-5717 The Burwau of Land Munsgemen. a dvision af cho US, Depatmest of te Interior, man ages public lands For muhple use. ts goals wo find the combination of uses Fr the mee than S00 million acres ic manages tha il bes meet the long-term nec ofthe public. Chemical Manufacturers Association (CMA) ‘Weshington. D.C. 202-387-1100 founded 1872 ‘The Chemical Manufacturers Assocation represents the manufactures of busicindes- ‘wil chemicals and coogdinates their legislative, regulatory, and legal efforts on itera ‘ion, national, state, and lea issues Department of Commerce (D0C) ‘Washington, DC. 200-377-2000 ‘tablished 1913 ‘Tae Department of Commerce is concemed wit U'S.interational trade, economic ‘row, and technological advancement. It als promotes the ational interest and encour ages the fee enterprise system, Department of Defense (D0D) Wathington, DC. 202-545-5700 established 1949 The Departmen of Deferse uses its four divisions —the Army, Navy, Marine Corp, and {Ais Force to provide the military services needed to deter war and provide forthe seat ofthe US. Department of Energy (DOE) Washington, DC. 202-282-5000 founded 1977 ‘The Deparment of Energy develops a national energy pla that includes research in the evelopment of energy technology. energy conservation, the noclear Weapons program, and Department of the interior (001) Washington, DC, 202-343-7720 stablshed 1859) ‘The Department ofthe Interior manages federal lands and national resources, neluding (he assessment and development of energy and mineral esources on public lands Copyright por American Petroleure InstituteCopyright per American APT NPHS#L 94 MM 0732290 0534335 999 mm ueren + Voom Department of Transportation (007) Washington, DC 202-426-4000 ‘established 1967 The Departmen of Transportation establishes the unsponation policy of te US. which includes highway planning, development, and construction; urban mass transit rlroads, ad cafery of waterways, ports, ado and gas pipelines Energy Telecommunications and Electrical Association (Entelec) Dallas, Texas 214-578-1900 founded 1928, Enielc isan association of companies und coxpoations with personnel who ar involved in he electrical, electronics, communications, and relae feds. Enel sponsors conte: ‘ence once a yor, whieh s also called Enel. Environmental Protection Agoney (EPA) Washington, DC. 202-382-2000 ‘stublshed 1970 as an independent agency “The Exvironmcotal Protection Agency enforces federal laws intend to prove the en vironment Taselaws cover airand wale pollution, solid wastes, postiides radiation, ad tonic suhslance, European Community (EC) rusels, Belgium ‘Tae European Community consists of four institutions: the European parliament, the CCowacil the Commission, an the Coust of Justice tis responsible for administering the Pars and the Rome teats Gas Processors Association (GPA) ‘Tulsa, Oklahoma 98-493-3872, founded 1921 “The Gas Processors Assocation is composed of firms that handle natural gas and ther hydoearbons a gas-prosessing plants Gas Research institute (GRI) Chicago, Minois 312.399.8100 founds 1915 ‘Tae Gas Research Institue a scieitc research orpanization that pans, ances, a manages hase research and technological development pograms dealing with natural as Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) [New York, New York 70-1900API MPHSs1 94 MM 0732290 0534336 625 mm “The Institut of Eletial and Eletrnies Engineers i sient, eatin and oes: sioaal organization concerned with ll aeas of electronics and electric echnology Instrument Society of America (ISA) Reseach Triangle Park, North Carona 919-540-8411 ioanded 1945 The Instrument Society of America develops und dsibutes knowlege ring tote design. -manufetre, and use of instruments in industry. laboratory. marine, and space evironnets, International Chamber of Shipping (ICS) London, Eagland 01735 7696 “The International Chamber of Shipping ia marin trade sscaion that represents the n- ‘orets fis members (major oil companies) athe Tnerntionsl Martine Organiation. International Maritime Organization (IMO) London, England O15 761 ‘The Intemational Maritime Ongunization va branch ofthe United Nations, I helps gov eraments cooperate in matters conceenng the roglaion and patie af echaical matters that affect shipping engaged in imtematonal ade. IMO alsa promotes standards affecting ‘mariome salty ae the prevention pd contol of marine pollution from Ships. International Organization of Legal Metrology (O1ML) Pats, France 878 1282 created 1955 “The International Organization of Legal Metrology is a inteovermmental rzainion ‘hat handles the admin'stative ad techies regulation of measurements and meastring in- struments ofacitate commerce berween counties International Organization for Standardization (IS) Gonevs, Switerlind Miz4o ‘The Inernational Organization for Standardization seeks inerutional agreement on standards snd develops intemationl standards to increase trade and vo improve gusty snd proctviy, Institute of Petroleum (IP) London, England founded 913, ‘The Institue of Petoleum promos, encourages, and coonlintes selene research on peoleum and its products and develops stancans for their use Minerals Management Service (MMS) Wathingto, DC 202-343-3983 ‘The Minerals Management Servic sa division ofthe Deptt ofthe Iter: Kise Copyright por American Petroleure InstituteAPT MPMS#3 94 MM 0732290 0534337 7b) a oarren tocanuany sponsible for establishing effective means of collecting revenues from mineral leases for bth offshore and onshore federal nd Idan fans and for developing offshore energy ad. mineral resources, ‘National Conference on Weighs and Measures (NCW) Gaithersburg, Muryend 301-921-3677 ourded 1905 “Tae National Conference on Weights and Meacues is compose of oficial of weights and measures enforcement agencies from state, county, and local poveraments, and aes ‘members rom industry. NCWM develops mode! laws and regulators forse adoption, ‘National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Quincy, Massachosens 617.984.7450 Founded 189% The Nationtl Fite Protection Association is active in methodlogial development and analysis in areas of fie ssk assessment, probebilistic models offre protection, a fe ex perience sss ‘National institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Gaithersburg, Maryland 301-975-2000 ‘Tae National Instiue of Sundards and Technology Formerly the National Bureau of Standaeds) promotes US, science and technology by conducting research, provdins the basis forthe US. physical measurement stem, developing a technical basis or trade, end establishing technical services to advance public safety. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Washingtos, DC. 22-64-7943 cextablshed 1970 The Occupational Safety and Health Administration is concerned with providing safe an health working contions. (Oil Companies International Marine Forum (OCIMF) London, Enslare 01283 2922 “The Oil Companies Intemational Marie Forum is a marine trae organization whose members ane representatives of national ade associations af maritime nations. Lrepeesens shipowners before egulatory bodies and reglstes worl shipping. Society of Petroleum Enginoers (SPE) Richardson, Texas 21468-3377 founded 1922 “The Society of Petroleum Engineers isan international techies and professions sso ciation thar provides information on petroleum engineering fechnology and the petoleum engincering profession, Copyright por American Petroleure InstituteAPI MPMS#3 94 MM 0732250 0534338 LTS Ml 7” vce Southern Gas Association (SGA) Dalla, Texas 214-387-8805 Fournder 143 ‘The Southern Gas Association encourages the development ofthe gs industry through scien research und the cooperation of organizations wih cate interes, United States Coast Guard (USCG) Washington, D.C 202-496-2138 The United States Cost Guards the ranch of the Armed Forces that enforces marie laws. These laws encompass search and rescue, commercial vessel safety, marine and en ‘vironmental safety sid waterways mangement United States Customs Service (USCS) Washington. D.C. 202-566-8195 established 1927 asa separate agency ‘The US. Costums Service colleots duty on imports and implements U.S. customs Taw Copyright por American Petroleure Institute Thu Dec 14 24:36:17 2000API NPNS#4 94 mm 0732290 0534339 530 Mm Copyright por American Petroleure Institute Thu Dec 14 24:36:17 2000API MPNSx) 94 MM 0732290 0534340 256 mm American Petroleum Institute 1220 Stroot, Nowrvest Washington, D.C. 20005, iD (Order No. 852-01002 Copyright por American Petroleure Institute Thu Dec 14 24:36:17 2000