CE140-0P (Fluid Mechanics)

Problem Set # 4

Name: __________________________________
Student No.: _____________________________

8/19/08
10:31
Page
141
Situation I. Water flows through JWCL068_ch03_093-146.qxd
the branching pipe shown
in Fig.
1. IPM
f the
viscous
effects are negligible,
1. Determine the pressure at section 2.
2. Determine the pressure at section 3.
Situation II. Water flows in a rectangular channel that is 2.0 m wide. The upstream depth is 70 mm. The
water surface rises 40 mm as it passes over a portion where the channel bottom rises 10 mm. If viscous
effects are negligible,
3. What is the flow rate?
4. Compute for the mass flux in the system.
1 in.
Situation III. Water flows from a pressurized tank, through
a 6-in diameter pipe, exits from a 2-in.-diameter
Q = 2 gal/min
nozzle, and rises 20 ft above the nozzle as shown in Fig. 4.2.
0.4-in. diameter
holes
5. What is the velocity at the nozzle?
9 ft
6. Determine the pressure in the tank if the flow is steady, frictionless and incompressible.
Stopper
Situation IV. Water flowing from the 0.75-in.-diameter
outlet shown in Fig. 4.3 rises 2.8 in. above the outlet.
7. Determine the flow rate.
8. What i8/19/08
s the p10:30
ressure
at 139
the pipe section where the center of the pipe is 1.5 in from the outlet?
JWCL068_ch03_093-146.qxd
PM Page
3 ft
9. If the pressure at that section is increased by 150 kPa, determine the change in height the water
shoots above the outlet.
Situation V. Water flows steadily through the variable area pipe shown in Fig. 4.4 with negligible viscous
F I G U R E P3.76
G UPMR Page
E P3.79
137
effects. If the flow rate is 0.5 m3/s and the density of the manometer
fluid JWCL068_ch03_093-146.qxd
i139
s 600 kg/m3, 8/19/08F I10:30
Problems
10. Determine the manometer reading H. 3.77 What pressure, p1, is needed to produce a flowrate of
3.61 Water flows steadily from a large, closed tank as shown in of 0.30 kg/s. If
pipe reduces to 0.25-m-diameter determine the
ft3the
0.09
the
tank
shown
in Fig.
P3.77?
"s from
11.
the dinifference
in pressure
abs)
between
the
two
sections?
Fig.What
P3.61. Theis
deflection
the mercury manometer
is 1 in. and (pressure
difference
between
these
two
sections.
Assume
incom3.80 Determine the manomete
viscous effects are negligible. (a) Determine the volume flowrate. pressible, inviscid flow.
Fig.
P3.80.
12.
If
m
anometer
r
eading
H

w
ill
b
e
3
.55,
w
hat
w
ould
b
e
t
he
d
ensity
o
f
t
he
n
ew
m
anometer
fluid?
(b) Determine the air pressure in the space above the surface of the
3.66 Water is pumped from a lake through an 8-in. pipe at a rate of
water in the tank.
p
10
ft
If
viscous
effects
are
negligible,
what
is
the
pressure
in
the
s.
" shown in Fig. 4.5. Determine the flow rate from the tank and
Situation VI. Water is siphoned from the suction
tank
pipe 1the pipe between the lake and the pump2 at an elevatione6ffects
ft above the
lake?negligible.
pressures at points 1, 2 and 3 if the viscous
are
3.43 Air flows steadily through a horizontal 4-in.-diameter pi
exits into the atmosphere through a 3-in.-diameter nozzle. The
Air channel of rectangular cross sec3.67
Air
flows
through
a Venturi
JWCL068_ch03_093-146.qxd
8:17 AMfrom
Page 136
Situation
VII. Water is 9/30/08
siphoned
a tionlarge
tank
and
discharges
into
the
atmosphere
a 2-in-
Air
ity at the nozzle exitthrough
is 150 ft/s. Determine
the pressure in the
as shown in Video V3.10 and Fig. P3.67. The constant width of
viscous effects are negligible.
1-ft diameter
the channel
is 0.06
m andithe
height
at elow
the exit ist0.04
m.
Com- bottom
diameter
t
ube
a
s
s
hown
i
n
F
ig.
4
.6.
T
he
e
nd
o
f
t
he
t
ube
s
3

f
t
b
he
t
ank
a
nd
v
iscous
e
ffects
are
3-in. diameter
pressibility and viscous effects
are negligible.
8 ft
Gasoline
3.44 A fire hose nozzle has a diameter of 1 in. According to
2.0 ft(a) Determine the
flowrate
when
water
is
drawn
up
0.10
m
in
a
small
tube
attached
h of delivering a
fire codes,
nozzle must be without
capable
negligible. Determine the flowrate, maximum
height, H, over which the water can
be thesiphoned
to the static pressure tap at the throat where the channel height is
250 gal!min. If the nozzle is attached to a 3-in.-diameter hose
0.02is
m.1(b)
Determine a
the
channel
h , at
section (2)
cavitation occurring. Atmospheric pressure
4.7psia
nd
the height,
water
vapor
pressure
is 0
.26
psia. just upstream of the nozzle to
pressure
must
be maintained
3

1
8

136
Mercury

where, for the same flowrate

as in part (a), the water is drawn up
Salt water

this flowrate?

1 in.
0.05 m. Bernoulli
(c) Determine
the
at ft
section (1) to proChapter 3 Elementary Fluid DynamicsThe
Equation
SGpressure
= 1.1 needed3.6

Fig 4. 1

3.45 Water flowing0.08-m

from the 0.75-in.-diameter outlet sho
diameter
Video V8.14 and Fig.
P3.45 rises 2.8 in. above the outlet.
mine the flowrate.

Fig 4.2

duce this flow.

Fig 4.3

inviscid flow, determine the maximum water velocity from the

0.06-ft diameter
F I G Ubasement
R E P3.61
faucet and from the faucet on the second floor 1assume
b = width = 0.06 m
each floor is 12 ft tall2.
Free jet
20 ft
0.02m
3.62 Blood (SG ! 1) flows with a velocity of 0.5 m/s in an artery.

3.34
The
super
soaker
water
gun
shown
in
Fig.
P3.34
can
Q
(1)
It then enters an aneurysm in the artery (i.e., an area of weakened
(2) h2 Air
ft ina the
horizontal
direction.
and stretchedshoot
arterymore
wallsthan
that30
cause
ballooning
of the
vessel) Estimate theF I G U R E P3.77
minimumarea
pressure,
p1, that
needed
inartery.
the chamber
in order to acin. Page 141
whose cross-sectional
is 1.8 times
of the
Determine
JWCL068_ch03_093-146.qxd 8/19/08 10:312 PM
Air
complish between
this. Listthe
allblood
assumptions
and show
calculations.
0.10 m
the pressure difference
in the aneurysm
andall
that
0.04 m
0.04 m
0.05 m
in the artery. Assume the flow is steady and inviscid.
2 ft

3.63 Water flows steadily through the variable area pipe shown in
(1)
Fig. P3.63 with negligible
viscous effects. Determine the manometer reading, H, if the flowrate is 0.5 m3/s and the density of the
manometer fluid is 600 kg/m3.

Fig. 4.4

Density = 600 kg/m3

F I G U R E

P3.34

6 in.

0.75 in.

3.81 Air flows steadily throug

Fig. P3.81. Determine the flow
effects are negligible.

P3.45

3.46 Pop (with the same properties as water) flows f

Problems
141
4-in.-diameter pop container that contains
three holes as
sh
Fig. P3.46 (see Video 3.9). The diameter of each fluid str
(1)
0.15 in., and the distance between holes is 2 in. If viscous
3.39steadily
An inviscid,
incompressible
liquid
flowsinsteadily
3.68 Water flows
from the
large open tank
shown
Fig. from the large
are is
negligible and quasi-steady
in.
H conditions are assumed, det
pressurized
shown determine
in1Fig.
P.3.39.
The
velocity at the exit
P3.68. If viscous
effects aretank
negligible,
(a) the
flowrate,
0.2draining
m
the time at which the pop stops
from the top hole. A
32 ft
Q =reading,
gal/min
40 ft/s. Determine
the
Q, and (b) the manometer
h. specific gravity of the liquid in the tank. the pop surface is 2 in. above the top hole when t ! 0. Co
(2)
0.4-in.
diameter
(3)
your
results
with
the
time
you
measure
from
the video.
holes
F I G U R E P3.67
F I G U R E

Fig 4.5 P3.38

4 ft

10 psi

Fig 4.6

9 ft

2-in. diameter

ft
5 ft
3.35* An inviscid liquid drains from a large tank through a square 0.1 Stopper
Air
in Fig.
P3.35.
Area = 0.05 m2duct of width b as shownArea
= 0.07
m2 The velocity of the fluid at
the difference in eleSurface at t = 0
0.1 m
the outlet is not precisely uniform because of
Liquid
5 ft
4m
F I G U R E P3.63
vation across the outlet. If b " h, this difference in velocity is neglih
3
ft
2m
2 in.
0.15 in.

gible. For given b and h, determine v as a function of x and integrate
Q
3.64 Water flows
steadily
with negligible
viscous
effects V
through
the results
to determine
the average
velocity,
! Q/b2. Plot the ve-F I G U R E P3.78
2 in.
10 ft
the pipe shown
in distribution,
Fig. P3.64. Itv is!known
that the
locity
v1x2, across
the4-in.-diameter
outlet if h ! 1 and b ! 0.1,
Mercury
0.08 m

2 in.
section of thin-walled
tubing
if thesmall
pressure
it the centerline
0.2, 0.4, 0.6,
0.8,will
andcollapse
1.0 m. How
mustwithin
b be if
0.10 m
F I G U R E
F I G U R E P3.76
becomes lessvelocity,
than 10 vpsi
atmospheric
pressure.
at below
x ! b/2,
is to be within
3% ofDetermine
the average velocity?
F I G U into
R E P3.79
F I 3.79
G U RWater
E P3.68
is
siphoned
from
a
large
tank
and
discharges
the maximum value that h can have without causing collapse of the
the
atmosphere
through
a 2-in.-diameter
tube of
as shown in Fig.
40 ft/s
tubing.
3.77
What
pressure,
to produce a flowrate
p1, is needed
3
s fromend
P3.79.
of the
tube
isP3.77?
3 ft below the tank bottom, and vis0.09 ft "The
the tank
shown
in Fig.

P3.80

2.8 in.

3.78 Water is siphoned from the tank shown in Fig. P3.78. Determine the flowrate from the tank and the pressures at points 112, 122,
F I G U R
and 132 if viscous effects are negligible.
Water

0.0

F I G U R E

Water

P3.81

I G fills
U Ra 16-oz
E P3.39
4 in. the manometer reading, h, for the flow shown in
3.80 Determine
3.69 Water from aFfaucet
glass (volume ! 28.9 in.3) in
effects
arejetnegligible.
(a)isDetermine
the volume
flowrate 3.82 JP-4 fuel 1SG ! 0.772 f
Fig. P3.80.
20 s. If cous
the diameter
of the
leaving the faucet
0.60 in., what is
F I P3.82
G U Rwith
E P3.46
the diameter
the jettank.
whenflows
it(b)
strikes
the
the glass
a ve
Water
from
thewater
tanksurface
shown
Fig.
P3.40. Ifheight,
viscous effromof3.40
the
Determine
the inmaximum
H, over shown in Fig.