neli ugrexeliZe

saqarTvelos politikuri mdgomareoba

III-VI saukuneebSi
numizmatikuri masalis mixedviT

saqarTvelo didmniSvnelovan gzajvaredinze mdebareobda da amitom

mravalsaukunovani istoriis manZilze igi mudam imyofeboda kulturul
samyaroSi mimdinare mniSvnelovan movlenaTa SuagulSi. amas mowmobs is
uamravi numizmatikuri masala, romliTac mofenilia Cveni qveynis miwa-
wyali. saqarTvelos teritoriaze aRmoCenili monetebi Tavisuflad
SeiZleba CaiTvalos istoriul wyarod, romelic sayuradRebo cnobebs
iZleva saqarTvelos ekonomikuri da politikuri urTierTobebis
garkvevisaTvis gare samyarosTan.
Zveli moneta yvela sainteresoa, magram amJamad CvenTvis
gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania III-VI saukuneebis numizmatikuri masala _
sasanuri iranis draqmebi da bizantiuri monetebi.
rogorc cnobilia, III saukunis dasawyisSi saqarTvelos mezoblad
Seiqmna sasanuri iranis Zlieri saxelmwifo, romelic xmelTaSua zRvaSi
gasvlas da mTel amierkavkasiaSi gabatonebas cdilobda. aseTive miznebi
hqonda bizantiis saxelmwifosac. amitom iyo, rom erTmaneTs
daupirispirda es ori qveyana. maTi dapirispirebis mTavari mizezi
msoflio savaWro-satranzito gzaze gabatoneba iyo _ aRmosavleTSi
indoeTsa da CineTSi, dasavleTiT ki tigrosisa da evfratis xeobiT
xmelTaSua zRvis sanapiroze. aRsaniSnavia, rom indoeTidan wamosuli
msoflio mniSvnelobis didi savaWro-satranzito gza mcxeTaze gadioda.
mcxeTa oTxi mxridan momavali gzis Sesayars warmoadgenda. amitom sasanuri
irani da bizantiac erTnairad iyvnen dainteresebuli amierkavkasiiT,
kerZod, saqarTveloTi. am qveynebTan politikuri da savaWro-ekonomikuri
urTierTobis Sedegad, saqarTveloSi, erTi mxriv, sasanuri monetebi
Semovida da gavrcelda, meore mxriv, mis paralelurad, bizantiuri
monetebi. maTi SeswavliT SesaZlebelia gairkves saqarTvelos politikur-
istoriuli da kulturul-ekonomikuri urTierTobebi am qveynebTan. kidev
ufro didi mniSvneloba aqvs aRniSnuli qveynebis monetebs, romlebic
quTaisSia napovni, radganac es monetebi dasavleT saqarTvelos da
konkretulad quTaisis istoriis Seswavlas emsaxureba. mTeli Tavisi
mravalsaukunovani istoriis manZilze quTaisi mudam asrulebda erT-erT
wamyvan rols saqarTvelos politikur, kulturul Tu ekonomikur
cxovrebaSi. amaze metyvelebs is mravalricxovani monetebi, romlebic aq
aris napovni.
quTaisis istoriul muzeumSi sakmao raodenobiTaa daculi
bizantiisa da sasanuri iranis monetebi. mkvlevarTa azriT, sasanuri iranis
monetebis gavrcelebis are saqarTveloSi ufro viwroa da is mxolod
aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi vrceldeboda, xolo dasavleT saqarTveloSi es
monetebi an saerTod ar Cans, anda TiTo-orola calia dafiqsirebuli (d.
kapanaZe, 1969, gv. 44).
saqme imaSia, rom qarTvel mecnierTa Soris gansxvavebuli xedvaa
saqarTvelos sazRvrebTan dakavSirebiT imis mixedviT, romel wyaros
emyarebian isini _ qarTuls Tu berZnul-romauls. qarTuli wyaroebi
saqarTvelos erTian qveynad warmogvidgens, egrisi (dasavleT saqarTvelo)
ki qarTlis erT-erTi regionia, xolo berZnuli wyaroebiT egrisi (lazika)
calke qveynad moixsenieba. sainteresoa am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT
numizmatikuli masalis gaanalizeba da imis dadgena, sinamdvileSi ra
viTarebaa am mxriv. am saqmeSi, vfiqrobT, garkveul daxmarebas gagviwevs
quTaisSi aRmoCenili monetebis Seswavla. quTaisSi arqeologiuri
gaTxrebis Sedegad sakmao raodenobiTaa aRmoCenili bizantiuri da
sasanuri monetebi. es ki imis maCvenebelia, rom am periodSi mTel
saqarTveloSi, rogorc aRmosavleT, aseve dasavleT nawilSi bizantiuri
da sasanuri monetebi erTdroulad iyo mimoqcevaSi. qarTul numizmatikur
literaturaSi is azri dominirebs, rom am ori qveynis monetebi erTmaneTs
metoqeobas uwevdnen (d. kapanaZe, 1969, gv. 35; e. paxomovi, 1970, gv.
17). Cveni azriT, monetebis erTdroulad mimoqceva metoqeobas ar niSnavs,
radgan araviTari kvali ar Cans am monetebis mier urTierTgandevnisa,
piriqiT, isini TiTqmis erToblivad moqmedeben, rac arqeologiuri
monapovrebiTac mtkicdeba.
zemoTqmulidan gamomdinare, SeiZleba davaskvnaT, rom III-VI
saukuneebSi mTel saqarTveloSi _ rogorc aRmosavleTSi, ise dasavleTSi
erTiani fuladi sistema moqmedebda. es ki imas niSnavs, rom aRniSnul
saukuneebSi aRmosavleT da dasavleT saqarTvelo erT politikur
sivrceSi moiazreboda.
da kidev erTi saintereso sakiTxis Sesaxeb:
samecniero literaturaSi dafiqsirebulia, rom VI saukunis
dasasruls qarTlSi moiWra sasanuri monetis msgavsi vercxlis moneta,
romelic cnobilia qarTul-sasanuri monetis saxeliT. es monetebi
sasanianTa iranis mmarTvelebis hormizd IV-is da xosro II-is monetebis
imitaciaa. am monetebze iranis Sahis gverdiT gaCnda qarTuli zedwerili,
xolo iranuli wminda cecxlis nacvlad qristianuli simbolo _ jvris
gamosaxuleba. Cveni azriT, nakleb savaraudoa, V-VI saukuneebSi qarTlis
samefoSi moWriliyo qarTuli moneta, radgan amis saSualebas ar iZleoda
arc politikuri da arc ekonomikuri viTareba. radgan aseTi tipis
monetebi mxolod ramdenime aTeuli calia moRweuli, SesaZlebelia es
monetebi farTo mimoqcevisaTvis ar iyo gankuTvnili.

damowmebuli literatura

d. kapanaZe, 1969 - d. kapanaZe, qarTuli numizmatika, Tb., 1969.

e. paxomovi, 1970 - Пахомов, монеты грузии, 1970.
 NELI UGREKHELIDZE

POLITICAL SITUATION OF GEORGIA IN THE III-VI CENTURIES ACCORDING

TO THE NUMISMATIC MATERIALS

The paper discusses III-VI centuries’ numismatic materials. The materials - –

Sasanidae Iranian drachmas and Byzantine coins, were found in Kutaisi and its
neighboring regions. The similar coins are found in the Eastern Georgia as well. As a
result of the study and analysis of the coins we can conclude that in the III-VI centuries in
the whole Georgia – in the Eastern as well as the Western part of the country, unified
money system was operating, that suggests the idea that in this period the Eastern and the
Western Georgia were considered one and the same political space