COMPUTER PORTS AND

CONNECTORS

BY
PRAKASH V. BATHIJA
 PORTS AND CONNECTORS

In order to connect to various devices of a computer it uses various types

of PORTS AND CONNECTORS

We here by take a look at it in this presentation…………..

VIEW OF PORTS AND CONNECTORS ON A MOTHER BOARD
 IEEE 1284
PARALLEL PORTS

COMPUTER INTERFACE CABLE INTERFACE

FEMALE MALE

A parallel port is a type of interface found on computers for connecting various peripherals.
It is also known as a printer port or Centronics port.

When using a parallel port, the computer sends the data 1 byte at a time (8 bits in parallel.) . It has
25 pins

Parallel ports can be used to connect a host of popular computer peripherals:

Printers ,Scanners, CD burners , External , hard drives , Iomega Zip , removable drives
Network adapters , Tape backup drives
 SPP/EPP/ECP

Standard Parallel Port (SPP)

This mode is commonly known as Standard Parallel Port (SPP). Bidirectional
communication allows each device to receive data as well as transmit it.

Many devices use the eight pins (2 through 9) originally designated for data. Using
the same eight pins limits communication to half-duplex, meaning that information can only
travel in one direction at a time.

But pins 18 through 25, originally just used as grounds, can be used as data pins also.
This allows for full-duplex (both directions at the same time) communication.

Enhanced Parallel Port (EPP)

EPP allows for much more data, 500 kilobytes to 2 megabytes, to be transferred each
second. It was targeted specifically for non-printer devices that would attach to the parallel
port, particularly storage devices that needed the highest possible transfer rate.

Extended Capabilities Port (ECP)

Close on the heels of the introduction of EPP, Microsoft and Hewlett Packard
jointly announced a specification called Extended Capabilities Port (ECP) in 1992.
While EPP was geared toward other devices, ECP was designed to provide improved
speed and functionality for printers.

In 1994, the IEEE 1284 standard was released. It included the two specifications for
parallel port devices, EPP and ECP
 SERIAL PORTS

COMPUTER INTERFACE CABLE INTER FACE

MALE FEMALE

In computing, a serial port is a serial communication physical interface through which

information transfers in or out one bit at a time.
Its 9 pins male connector on the P.C. Previously it has 25 pins (which is obsolete)

While such interfaces as Ethernet, FireWire, and USB all send data as a serial stream, the
term "serial port" usually identifies hardware more or less compliant to the RS-232 standard,
intended to interface with a modem or with a similar communication device.

Serial ports, also called communication (COM) ports, are bi-directional. Bi-directional
communication allows each device to receive data as well as transmit it
 DIN CONNECTOR
5 PIN

COMPUTER INTERFACE CABLE INTERFACE

FEMALE MALE

A DIN connector is a connector that was originally standardized by the

Deutsches Institut für Normung (DIN), the German national standards organization

The DIN connector saw several uses outside of audio. The AT keyboard uses a
5-pin DIN connector
 PS/2 PORTS

COMPUTER INTERFACE
FEMALE
KEYBOARD INTERFACE MOUSE INTERFACE
GREEN FOR MOUSE MALE MALE
PURPLE FOR KEYBOARD PURPLE COLOUR GREEN COLOUR

The PS/2 connector is used for connecting some keyboards and mice to a
PC compatible computer system. Its name comes from the IBM Personal System/2
series of personal computers, with which it was introduced in 1987.

The PS/2 connector has 6 pins

The PS/2 mouse connector generally replaced the older DE-9 RS-232 "serial mouse"
connector, while the PS/2 keyboard connector replaced the larger 5-pin DIN used in the
IBM PC/AT design.
 PS/2 PORTS

The PS/2 designs on keyboard and mouse interfaces are electrically similar and
employ the same communication protocol

Other Uses
PS/2 mouse and keyboard connectors have also been used in non-IBM PC-compatible
computer systems, such as the DEC AlphaStation line, early IBM RS/6000 CHRP machines
and SGI Indy, Indigo 2, and newer (Octane etc.) computers.
 USB
UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS

USB-A

USB Symbol
COMPUTER INTERFACE CABLE INTERFACE

USB (Universal Serial Bus) - It is a Serial Port . It is a specification to establish

communication between devices

USB is intended to replace many varieties of serial and parallel ports.

USB can connect computer peripherals such as mice, keyboards, digital cameras, printers,
personal media players, flash drives, and external hard drives.

Type A - USB often referred to as the downstream connector, connector is rectangular

in shape and is the one you use to plug into the CPU or USB hub.
 USB
UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS
USB-B

DEVICE INTERFACE CABLE INTERFACE

Type B USB is also called upstream connector, the is more box-shaped and is the
end that attaches directly to the device (such as a printer or digital camera). .

USB MICRO USB MINI

 USB
UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS

USB data Transfer Speed

Low speed rate of 1.5 Mbit/s is defined by USB 1.0.

Full speed rate of 12 Mbit/s is defined by USB 1.1

Hi-speed rate of 480 Mbit/s is defined by USB 2.0

SuperSpeed rate of 4.8 Gbit/s is defined by USB 3.0

 IEEE 1394

COMPUTER INTERFACE CABLE INTERFACE

The IEEE 1394 interface is a serial bus interface standard for high-speed communications
and isochronous real-time data transfer, frequently used by personal computers, as well
as in digital audio, digital video, automotive, and aeronautics applications.

The interface is also known by the brand names of FireWire (Apple), i.LINK (Sony),
and Lynx (Texas Instruments).
 IEEE 1394

FireWire is Apple's name for the IEEE 1394 High Speed Serial Bus

Apple intended FireWire to be a serial replacement for the parallel SCSI bus while
providing connectivity for digital audio and video equipment.

FireWire 400 (IEEE 1394-1995)

The original release of IEEE 1394-1995 specified what is now known as FireWire 400.
It can transfer data between devices at 100, 200, or 400 Mbit/s half-duplex data rates
IMPROVEMENTS

FireWire (IEEE 1394a-2000)

FireWire 800 (IEEE 1394b-2002)

FireWire S1600 and S3200

FireWire S1600 and S3200

 VIDEO GRAPHICS ARRAY (VGA )

COMPUTER INTERFACE CABLE INTERFACE

A VGA connector (also RGB connector, D-sub 15, mini sub D15, and mini D15 connector),
is a three-row 15-pin DE-15 connector, of which there are four versions:

(i)the original VGA15 pinout connector, (ii) DDC2 pinouts, (iii) the older, less flexible
DE-9 connector, and (iv) the Mini-VGA used for laptop computers.

The 15-pin VGA connector is common to most video cards, computer monitors, and
high definition television sets that support VGA-connector devices
 DIGITAL VISUAL INTERFACE (DVI)

COMPUTER INTERFACE CABLE INTERFACE

FEMALE MALE

The Digital Visual Interface (DVI) is a video interface standard designed to provide very
high visual quality on digital display devices such as flat panel LCD computer displays and
digital projectors.
 HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface)

COMPUTER INTERFACE CABLE INTERFACE

HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) is a compact audio/video interface for

transmitting uncompressed digital data. It represents a digital alternative to consumer
analog standards, such as radio frequency (RF) coaxial cable, composite video, S-Video,
SCART, component video, D-Terminal, and VGA. HDMI connects digital audio/video
 AUDIO PORTS

COMPUTER INTERFACE CABLE INTERFACE

Audio ports in a computer are used to play sound and use a Microphone . Below
mentioned are uses of three sockets available in the inter face

Pink - Microphone
Green - speaker or Earphone
Blue - Audio line in
 SMALL COMPUTER SYSTEM INTERFACE
SCSI

COMPUTER INTERFACE CABLE INTERFACE

Small Computer System Interface, or SCSI (pronounced scuzzy), is a set of standards

for physically connecting and transferring data between computers and peripheral devices
SCSI is most commonly used for hard disks and tape drives, but it can connect a wide
range of other devices, including scanners and CD drives

SCSI has 50 pins.

SCSI is an intelligent, peripheral, buffered, peer to peer interface. Every device attaches to
the SCSI bus in a similar manner Up to 8 or 16 devices can be attached to a single bus.
There can be any number of hosts and peripheral devices but there should be at least one
host.
 ENHANCED INTEGRATED DRIVE ELECTRONICS

CABLE INTERFACE
COMPUTER INTERFACE

Parallel ATA (PATA) is an interface standard for the connection of storage devices such
as hard disks, solid-state drives, and CD-ROM drives in computers. The standard is
maintained by X3/INCITS committee. It uses the underlying AT Attachment and AT
Attachment Packet Interface (ATA/ATAPI) standards.
 SERIAL ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY ATTACHMENT

SATA

COMPUTER INTERFACE CABLE INTERFACE

The serial ATA (serial advanced technology attachment), or SATA computer bus, is a
storage-interface for connecting host bus adapters to mass storage devices such as
hard disk drives and optical drives. The SATA host adapter is integrated into almost all
modern consumer laptop computers and desktop motherboards.

SATA offers several compelling advantages over the older parallel ATA (PATA) interface:
reduced cable-bulk and cost (reduced from eighty wires to seven), faster and more efficient
data transfer, and hot swapping.
 IEEE 802.3

LAN PORT / ETHERNET PORT

COMPUTER INTERFACE CABLE INTERFACE

Ethernet is a family of frame-based computer networking technologies for

local area networks (LANs). And for STP (Shielded Twisted Pair) network cable
The connector is often called Registered Jack 45 or RJ-45

RJ-11
socket Cable Interface

Registered Jack -11 is mostly used in modems

 IEC CONNECTOR

(Power connector)

CABLE INTERFACE
COMPUTER INTERFACE FEMALE
MALE

IEC connector is the common name for the set of thirteen mains electricity cable mount
female connectors (called the connector in the specification) and thirteen panel mount male
connector (called the inlet)

International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) specification IEC 60320 (formerly IEC 320).
When used with no other qualifiers, "IEC connector" usually refers specifically to the
C13 and C14 connectors. Some types also come in cable mount male and panel female
versions to use as outlets but these are less common.
 POWER CONNECTORS FOR VARIOUS DEVICES

20 Pin ATX POWER 20 Pin ATX SOCKET 4 Pin ATX POWER 4 PIN ATX SOCKET

4 PIN MOLEX POWER CONNECTOR FDD POWER CONNECTOR SATA POWER CONNECTOR
FOR HDD, CD ROM

CPU FAN CONNECTOR