BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY

CITY OF MALOLOS, BULACAN

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EE 311L
REPORT NO. 1
ELECTRICAL TOOLS AND MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
(PART I)

SUBMITTED BY:
NAME:

VALILA, MARY GRACE CATHERINE I.

C / Y / S:

BS ECE 3B

SUBMITTED:

JULY 2, 2015

SUBMITTED TO:

ENGR. DANIEL A. CRISOSTOMO

(INSTRUCTOR)

1st SEMESTER / S.Y. 2015 2016

EE 311L
REPORT NO. 1
ELECTRICAL TOOLS AND MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
(PART I)
I. OBJECTIVES

FAMILIARIZE OURSELVES WITH THE BASIC

ELECTRICAL TOOLS AND MEASURING INSTRUMENTS.

UTILIZE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A SPECIFIC TOOL BY

KNOWING ITS PROPERTIES AND FUNCTIONS.

SAVE RESOURCES AND TIME BY KNOWTING WHAT TO

DO AND HOW TO DO IT.

II. INTRODUCTION
AS FUTURE ENGINEERS IT IS VITAL THAT WE START
FROM THE VERY BASICS AND THE FUNDAMENTALS OF OUR
CAREER. THESE FUNDAMENTALS INCLUDE THE BASIC
ELECTRICAL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS. IT IS VITAL TO
START FROM THE BEGINNING IN ORDER TO SUCEED IN
THE FUTURE.
III. DISCUSSION

ELECTRICAL

FUNCTIONS

AND

TASKS

CAN

BE

SYSTEMATICALLY ACCOMPLISHED TO SAVE TIME, EFFORT

AND RESOURCES. MOST OF THE WORK THAT HAS TO BE
DONE

IN

THE

SCOPE

OF

ENGINEERINF

CANNOT

BE

ACCOMPLISHED WITH JUST OUR BARE HANDS. SO, TO

EFFECTIVELY PERFORM A TASK WE NEED TO KNOW THE
BASIC TOOLS AND MEASURING EQUIPMENT RELATED TO
ELECTRONICS.
THE TOPIC IS FIRST DIVIDED INTO ITS GENERAL
CLASSIFICATIONS; THE HAND TOOLS AND MACHINE TOOLS.
WITHIN THE SCOPE OF THIS AREA ARE INDIVIDUAL TOOLS
LIKE PLIERS, WRENCHES, HAMMERS AND THE LIKES.

IV. ELECTRICAL TOOLS AND MEASURING INTSRUMENTS I

A. GENERAL CLASSIFICATION
1. HAND TOOLS
HAND TOOLS ARE TOOLS MANIPULATED AND
OPERATED BY OUR HANDS WITHOUT THE USE OF
ELECTRICAL ENERGY.

2. MACHINE TOOLS
HAND TOOLS ARE TOOLS MANIPULATED AND
OPERATED BY OUR HANDS WITHOUT THE USE OF
ELECTRICAL ENERGY.

B. HAND TOOLS ( DESCRIPTION, ILLUSTRATION, AND

THEIR USES)
1. SCREWDRIVERS
A

SCREWDRIVER

IS

TOOL,

MANUAL

OR

POWERED, FOR TURNING (DRIVING OR REMOVING)

SCREWS. A TYPICAL SIMPLE SCREWDRIVER HAS A
HANDLE AND A SHAFT, AND A TIP THAT THE USER
INSERTS INTO THE SCREW HEAD TO TURN IT.
SCREWDRIVERS

ARE

MADE

OUT

OF

TOOL

STEEL HARDENED AND TEMPERED AT THE TIP.THEY

COME IN VARIOUS SIZES AND SHAPES WHICH ARE
USED TO TURN ON OR DRIVE SCREWS WITH SLOTTED
HEADS
A SCREWDRIVER IS CLASSIFIED BY ITS TIP,
WHICH IS SHAPED TO FIT THE DRIVING ON THE
CORRESPONDING

SCREW

HEAD.

PROPER

USE

REQUIRES THAT THE SCREWDRIVER'S TIP ENGAGE

THE HEAD OF A SCREW OF THE SAME SIZE AND TYPE
DESIGNATION AS THE SCREWDRIVER TIP.

a. DIFFERENT TYPES OF SCREWDRIVERS

a.1

STANDARD SCREWDRIVER

THE BLADE TIP OF A STANDARD SCREWDRIVER

IS FORMED INTO WEDGE TO FIT WITH SLOTTED

HEAD SCREWS.THE HANDLE MAY EITHER BE WOOD

OR PLASTIC.

a.2

STU

BBY SCREWDRIVER
THE TIP OF A STUBBY SCREWDRIVER IS
SIMILAR

SHAPED

LIKE

THE

STANDARD

SCREW

DRIVER BUT SHORT SHANK OR BLADE AND ALSO

SHORTER HANDLE WHICH IS MADE OF PLASTIC.

a.3
PHILLIPS

SCREWDRIVER

THE BLADE TIP IS RECESSED TO FIT THE

RECESSED HEAD SCREWSED TO FIT THE RECESSED
HEAD SCREWS.THE HANDLE MAY EITHER BE WOOD
OR PLASTIC.

a.4

OFFSET SCREWDRIVER

TO DRIVE OR LOOSEN SCREWS IN TIGHT

PLACES ESPECIALLY USEFUL ON CARS AND
MACHINES.

2. PLIERS
PLIERS ARE USED FOR CUTTING AND TWISTING
WIRES AND TO GRIP SMALL PARTS. GENERALLY,
PLIERS CONSIST OF A PAIR OF METAL FIRST-CLASS
LEVERS

JOINED

AT

FULCRUM

POSITIONED

CLOSER TO ONE END OF THE LEVERS, CREATING

SHORT JAWS ON ONE SIDE OF THE FULCRUM, AND
LONGER HANDLES ON THE OTHER SIDE.

a. DIFFERENT TYPES OF PLIERS

a.1SLIP JOINT OR COMBINATION PLIER
(MECHANICAL PLIER)

USED
FOR CUTTING WIRE AND HOLDING FLAT AND
ROUND STOCK.

a.2SIDE CUTTING
PLIER
SIDE

CUTTING

MANUFACTURED

FOR

PLIERS

ARE

LIGHT,MEDIUM,AND

HEAVY DUTY WORK FOR CUTTING ELECTRICAL

WIRE AND SMALL NAILS.

a.3LONG NOSE PLIER

A

LONG

NOSE

PLIER

CAN
BEUSED

FOR

CUTTING

AND

HOLDING

FINE

WIRES;CAN

REACH

INTO

TIGHT

SPACE.COMMONLY USED BY ELECTRICIANS TO

MAKE TERMINAL LOOPS IN COPPER WIRE.

a.4DIAGONAL PLIER
DIAGONAL PLIERS CAN BE USED FOR
CUTTING MEDIUM OR FINE WIRES.USED FOR
BENDING SMALL FACES OF SOFT METAL.

a.5
RETAINER

RING PLIER
RETAINER

RING
USED

PLIERS CAN BE
TO

RETAINING

INSTALL
RINGS

WHICH

AREA

TYPE

FASTENER USED IN ASSEMBLING PARTS.

OF

a.6FLAT NOSE PLIER

FLAT NOSE PLIERS ARE COMMONLY USED
IN SHEET METAL WORK TO BEND SQUARE
EDGES.

3. WIRE STRIPPER
A WIRE STRIPPER IS A SPECIAL TOOL USED
FOR REMOVING INSULATION OF MEDIUM SIZED
WIRES AND CAN REMOVE THE INSULATION OF
RUBBER COVERED WIRES VARYING FROM GUAGE
NO.26 TO GAUGE NO.10.

4. ELECTRICIANS KNIFE
AN

ELECTRICIANS

KNIFE

IS

USED

BY

LINEMEN TO REMOVE INSULATION OF BIG CABLES

IN HIGH AND LOW VOLTAGE TRANSMISSION LINES.

5. WIRE GAGE
A

WIRE

GAGE

CONDUCTORS.THE
(B&S),AND

LATELY

IS

BROWN

USED
AND

CALLED

IN

SIZING

SHARPE

GAGE

AMERICAN

WIRE

GAGE(AWG)CAN MEASURE FROM GAUGE NO.0 TO

GAUGE NO.36 SOLID WIRES.

6. MICROMETER
A MICROMETER IS USED TO REMOVED THE
DIAMETER OF CIRCULAR WIRES IN MILS.IT CAN
MEASURE

SMALL

LARGE SIZES

OF WIRES.

AND

7. HAMMER
A HAMMER IS A TOOL THAT STRIKES AN
OBJECT. THE MOST COMMON USES FOR HAMMERS
ARE TO DRIVE NAILS, FIT PARTS, FORGE METAL, AND
BREAK APART OBJECTS. HAMMERS VARY IN SHAPE,
SIZE, AND STRUCTURE, DEPENDING ON THEIR USES.

CLASSIFIED

EITHER

AS

SOFT

OR

HARD

FACES.THE CYLINDRICAL SHAPE HEAD HAMMER HAS

A HARD FACE FOR STRIKING HARD OBJECTS LIKE
COLD

CHISEL,STAR

DRILL

AND

NAILS.THE

CYLINDRICAL SHAPED SOFT FACE HAMMER IS MADE

OF PLASTIC OR HARD RUBBER USED IN REWINDING
JOB.

a. THREE TYPES OF HAMMER

a.1CLAW HAMMER
A CLAW HAMMER IS USED TO DRIVE OR TO
PULL OUT NAILS IN THE PIECE OF WOOD.

a.2BALL PEEN HAMMER

A BALL PEEN HAMMER IS USED TO FLATTEN
SURFACE

OF

METAL.

IT

IS

ALSO

USED

STRAIGHTEN METALAND FOR RIVETING METALS.

TO

a.3SOFT FACED HAMMER (RAW HIDE OR PLASTIC

HAMMER)
A

SOFT

FACED

HAMMER

IS

USED

FOR

REWINDING JOBS LIKE FORMING COILS, ASSEMBLY

AND DISASSEMBLY OF MOTORS.

8. WRENCHES
ARENCHES ARE USED

TO TURN NUTS OR HOLD

THE PIECE OF STOCK WHEN TIGHTENING SCREWS,

NUTS AND BOLTS.

I.

DIFFERENT TYPES OF WRENCH

a. ADJUSTABLE WRENCH
AN ADJUSTABLE IS A WRENCH WITH A
"JAW" OF ADJUSTABLE WIDTH, ALLOWING IT TO
BE USED WITH DIFFERENT SIZES OF FASTENER
HEAD (NUT, BOLT, ETC.) RATHER THAN JUST ONE
FASTENER

OR

AS

CONVENTIONAL

FIXED

SPANNER.

a.0 DIFFERENT TYPES OF ADJUSTABLE WRENCH

a.1MONKEY WRENCH
IT

HAS

MOVABLE

FIXED

STARIGHT

STRAIGHT

JAW

WHCIH

JAW
CAN

AND
BE

ADJUSTED TO HOLD/TIGHTEN BOLT AND NUT

WHICH CAN NOT BE DONE BY OTHER KIND OF
WRENCHES.

a.2ADJUSTABLE END WRENCH

AND ADJUSTABLE END WRENCH IS HANDY
AND CAN QUICKLY BE ADJUSTED FOR SIZE TO
GRIP,GRASP PIECE OF STOCK.

a.3ADJUSTABLE S WRENCH

AND ADJUSTABLE S WRENCH IS SIMILAR

TO

THE

ADJUSTABLE

WRENCH

ONLY

THEY

DIFFER IN SHAPE.

a.4VISE GRIP WRENCH

A VISE GRIP WRENCH IS A SPECIAL
WRENCH WHICH CAN BE LOCKED ON TO AN
OBJECT

AND

WILL

GRIP

IT

WITH

GREAT

PRESSURE.

a.5
PIPE WRENCH
PIPE

WRENCHES

ARE

DESIGNED

FOR

TIGHTENING AND LOOSENING PIPES AS WELL AS

FOR HOLDING ROUND OBJECT.

b. OPEN END WRENCH

AN OPEN END WRENCH IS HANDY BUT IS
NOT AS DEPENDABLE AS A BOX WRENCH.THIS
WRENCH GRASPS THE NUTS ON ONLY TWO OF ITS
FLAT SIDE,AND IS SUBJECT TO SLIPPING UNDER
A HEAVY PULL.

c. SOCKET WRENCH
THE SOCKET WRENCH IS VERY CONVENIENT
TO USE, IN MOST INSTANCES IT IS FASTER TO
TURN OR REMOVE TH OBJECT THAN COMPARED
TO OTHER.

d. BOX WRENCH
IT IS AN EXCELLENT TOOL AS ITS GRIPS THE
NUT ON ALL SIDES.THIS REDUCES THE CHANCES OF
SLIPPING WITH RESULTANT DAMAGE TO THE NUT
AND POSSIBLY THE HAND.

e. ALLEN WRENCH
THE END TIP IS SHAPED HEXAGONALLY TO FIT
THE SAME SHAPE OF THE SCREW TO BE TIGHTENED
OR LOOSENED.

9. PULLER
A PULLER IS USED FOR PULLING GEARS,
BEARINGS, BISHINGS ON THE SHAFT OF THE MOTOR
OR GENERATOR.

10.CENTER PUNCH
A CENTER PUNCH IS USED FOR MARKING
METAL PARTS SO THAT THEY CAN BE CORRECTLY
RE-ASSEMBLED AS WELL AS FOR MAKING AND
CENTERING ON METAL PART TO BORE HOLES.

*REFERENCES:
1.) ALL ELECTRICAL TEXTBOOKS