Critical implementation questions of Skill Development in India

India is expected to be home a skilled workforce of 500 million by 2022. About 16

to 18 million people are expected to join workforce every year. Despite National
Skill Development Policy, financial layout, government scheme and
infrastructure, we see very little success as the group. Analyse two government
of India Ministries (Development of Labour and Ministry of HRD)&NSDC and what
role have they played in implementation of skill development in India since
2009.The skill development target for NSDC is 150 million, Ministry of Labour is
100 million, &HRD is 50 million by 2022.

Table1---Current Education and Skill Development Capacity in India

Category

Sub Category

No of such
Institution

School Education

Pre-Primary Schools
Primary Schools
Middle Schools
High and Higher Secondary

67,157
7,72,568
2,88,493
1,59,708

Vocational Training

Government ITI
Private ITC

2,076
5,529

College Education

Central University
State University
Deemed University
Institutions of National
Importance
Research Institutions
Arts, Science & Commerce
Colleges

20
216
101
13

Engg., Tech., & Arch., Colleges

1,562

Medical Colleges
(Allo/Ayur/Homeo/Unani/Nurs./P
harm., etc
Teacher Training Colleges
Polytechnics
Others (Includes Law,
Management, MCA/IT,
Agriculture etc.)

2,053

Technical and
Professional
Education

140
11,698

1,669
1,274
2,513

Table2Enrolment across institutions

Category
School Education

Sub Category
Pre-Primary Students
Primary (Class I-V)
Secondary (Class VI-VIII)
High School (Class IX-X)
Higher Secondary (Class
XI-XII)
Subtotal

Enrolment
5,264,053
132,048,727
52,195,171
24,971,520
13,414,499

227,893,970

Vocational Training

Vocational TrainingITI/ITC

1,062,524

Higher Education

Ph.D/D.Sc/D.Phil
MA
MSc
MCom
BA/BA(Hons.)
B.Sc.
B.Com
BE/B Arch
Medicine, Dentistry,
Nursing, etc.
B.Ed.
Enrolment in Open
Unvirsities
Polytechnic Institutes
Others

36,019
481,521
230,247
156,714
3,727,727
1,579,355
1,455,457
1,668,228
305,629

Subtotal

244,825
773,917
690,410
2,973,517
14,323,566

While the school education sector is about 227 million in enrolment in vocational
education is 1.67 million. (see table 2)

Critical Skill Implementation Question 1In spite of 2,88,493 middle schools and 1,59,708 higher secondary schools and
1669 teacher training colleges why ministry of human resource development is
unable to implement skill curriculum at schools for existing 67 million students in
middle &higher secondary schools.

Table 3-Funding for Skill development initiatives to MOLE under XI plan

Figures are in lakh rupees

Name of the New Scheme

Quantitative and Qualitative improvement of vocational

training
Quantitative improvement
Setting up of 1,500 new ITIs in the blocks having no ITIs
at present. Out of which 500 for disadvantaged group
on Navodaya Vidya Pattern.
Setting up of 12 RVTIs in the states where there is no
RVTI
Setting up of 11 ATIs in the states where there is no ATI
Setting up of an apex institutes for skill building in
informal sector
Setting up of four institutes for training of trainers one
in each zone
One National Open school for Vocational Training having
total seating capacity of around 150,000 on learning
basis.
Qualitative Improvement
One NIMI in Northern India on National Capital Region
National Institute for skill inventory and skill building to
remove mismatch
Strengthening of RDATs for training in informal sector
Establishment of Directorate for Certification,
Standardization and Quality Control

Setting up of National Mission for Skills

Construction of Institute Buildings Staff Quarters and
Hostel buildings for field institute under DG&T
Construction of additional buildings for NVTI/RVTIs
Non-formal training for women follow-up of ILO project

Financial
Outlay

8,52,100

Decent Employment for NVTI/RVTIs

Critical Skill implementation Question 2

Why during the entire XIth plan no scheme was launched by ministry of labour
despite huge financial outlays.
Through analysis of three tables we have discovered that capacity and financial
outlays are not the constrains with the government, than what are the factors
that is stopping government to skill 16 million youth every year for employability

Based on in-depth analysis we have found that the following challenges in

implementing Skill Development Initiatives at a Ground Level. It is required that
implementing agencies of NSDC,MOLE &MHRD be aware of these challenges and
prospect innovative ways to confront them.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

How does a centre attract or mobilize students?

Is there an ability to pay among trainees?
What are the courses that need to be offered for each centre/institute, or
regionally?
Is there a demand for such courses/trades?
Will an in house system work or a franchisee system or a combination of
both?
How does on standardise content and delivery across a large number of
centres?
How is training delivered?
What is the infrastructure required and is it available?
How can qualified trainers be found?
Is there a system for third party assessment and certification?
Is the model sustainable and viable?
How would the institute guarantee placement linkages?

How does the institute or the training provider connect with industry?

Critical skill implementation question 3

Why no rigorous processes were created and implemented by MOLE,MHRD
&NSDC in the last 3 to 4 years when they own300 million target of skill
development in India.?