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    Probability experiment: any procedure that can be infinitely repeated. Sample space: the set of all possible outcomes of that experiment. Independent events: two events, a and B, are independent if the fact that a occurs does not affect the probability of B occurring. Dependent events: the outcome of the first card has affected the outcome of choosing the second card, making these events dependent.

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    Probability experiment: any procedure that can be infinitely repeated. Sample space: the set of all possible outcomes of that experiment. Independent events: two events, a and B, are independent if the fact that a occurs does not affect the probability of B occurring. Dependent events: the outcome of the first card has affected the outcome of choosing the second card, making these events dependent.

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    18 views4 pages

    Chapter10 Probabilitycorevocabulary

    Uploaded by

    api-288055619
    Probability experiment: any procedure that can be infinitely repeated. Sample space: the set of all possible outcomes of that experiment. Independent events: two events, a and B, are independent if the fact that a occurs does not affect the probability of B occurring. Dependent events: the outcome of the first card has affected the outcome of choosing the second card, making these events dependent.

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    Chapter10ProbabilityCoreVocabulary:

    Probabilityexperiment:Anexperimentortrialisanyprocedure
    thatcanbeinfinitelyrepeatedandhasawelldefinedsetof
    possibleoutcomes,knownasthesamplespace

    Outcome:Apossibleresultofaprobabilityexperiment

    Event:Twoeventsaredependentiftheoutcomeoroccurrenceof
    thefirstaffectstheoutcomeoroccurrenceofthesecondsothatthe
    probabilityischanged.

    Samplespace:thesetofallpossibleoutcomesofthatexperiment.

    Probabilityofanevent:definedasthenumberofoutcomes
    favourabletoEdividedbythetotalnumberofequallylikely
    outcomesinthesamplespaceSoftheexperiment

    Theoreticalprobability:thenumberofwaysthattheeventcanoccur,
    dividedbythetotalnumberofoutcomes.

    Geometricprobability:probabilityofgeometricdistributions

    Experimentalprobability:referstotheprobabilityofanevent
    occurringwhenanexperimentwasconducted.

    Independentevents:Twoevents,AandB,areindependentifthe
    factthatAoccursdoesnotaffecttheprobabilityofBoccurring

    Dependentevents:Theoutcomeofchoosingthefirstcardhas
    affectedtheoutcomeofchoosingthesecondcard,makingthese
    eventsdependent

    Conditionalprobability:theprobabilityofanevent(A),giventhat
    another(B)hasalreadyoccurred

    Twowaytable:Atwowaytableofcountsorganizesdata
    abouttwocategoricalvariables.Valuesoftherowvariable
    labeltherowsthatrunacrossthetable,andvaluesofthe
    columnvariablelabelthecolumnsthatrundownthetable

    CompoundEvent:Probabilitiesoftwoormorethingshappeningat
    once

    OverlappingEvents:setsarethosewhichhavesomeelementsincommon

    DisjointEvents:theprobabilitythateitheroftheeventsoccursisthe
    sumoftheprobabilitiesoftheevents

    Mutuallyexclusiveevents:Twoeventsaremutuallyexclusiveifthey
    cannotoccuratthesametime


    Permutation:relatestotheactofrearranging,orpermuting,allthe
    membersofasetintosomesequenceororder

    Nfactorial:thefactorialofanonnegativeintegern,denotedbyn!,
    istheproductofallpositiveintegerslessthanorequalton

    Combination:isawayofselectingseveralthingsoutofalargergroup,
    whereorderdoesnotmatter

    BinomialTheorem:aformulaforfindinganypowerofabinomialwithout
    multiplyingatlength

    RandomVariable:aquantityhavinganumericalvalueforeachmemberof
    agroup,especiallyonewhosevaluesoccuraccordingtoafrequency
    distribution.

    ProbabilityDistribution:afunctionofadiscretevariablewhoseintegralover
    anyintervalistheprobabilitythattherandomvariablespecifiedbyitwilllie
    withinthatinterval.

    ProbabilityoftheComplementofanEvent:consistsofalloftheoutcomesthat
    arenotinacertainevent

    ExperimentalProbabilities:theratioofthenumberoftimesanevent
    occurstothetotalnumberoftrialsortimestheactivityisperformed.


    ProbabilityofIndependentEvents:Twoevents,AandB,areindependentifthefact
    thatAoccursdoesnotaffecttheprobabilityofBoccurring.Someotherexamplesof
    independenteventsare:LandingonheadsaftertossingacoinANDrollinga5ona
    single6sideddie.
    ProbabilityofDependentEvents:Twoeventsaredependentiftheoutcomeor
    occurrenceofthefirstaffectstheoutcomeoroccurrenceofthesecondsothat
    theprobabilityischanged.

    FindingConditionalProbabilities:conditionalprobabilitiescanbecomputeddirectly,
    byeffectivelyreducingthesamplespacetothegivenevent.Inothercases,the
    formulainthemathematicaldefinitionisbetter.Insomecases,conditional
    probabilitiesareknownfrommodelingassumptions,andthenareusedtocompute
    otherprobabilities

    MakingTwoWayTables:avisualrepresentationofthepossible
    relationshipsbetweentwosetsofcategoricaldata

    ProbabilityofCompoundEvents:relatingtothelikelinessoftwo
    independenteventsoccurring.Thecompoundprobabilityisequaltothe
    probabilityofthefirsteventmultipliedbytheprobabilityofthesecondevent.

    Permutations:relatestotheactofrearranging,orpermuting,allthemembersofa
    setintosomesequenceororder(unlikecombinations,whichareselectionsof
    somemembersofthesetwhereorderisdisregarded).

    Combinations:awayofselectingseveralthingsoutofalarger
    group,whereorderdoesnotmatter.

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