Professional Documents
Culture Documents
- Th on ch yu
Dng bin php tng hp trn cc mt( chnh tr, t tng, vn ho, kinh t, an ninh, i ngoi, qun
s...) ly phi qun s l chnh, kt hp rn e v can thip qun s.
Trit khai thc v khot su nhng sai lm, yu km trong ni b thc y t din bin t bn
trong.
Kt hp vi bo lon lt ginh chnh quyn.
Thc tin cho thy, lt ch XHCN Lin X v cc nc ng u, ch ngha quc
p dng cc bin php, th on sau:
Chuyn ho ni b, li dng tn gio v khng hong kinh t-x hi, xo b ch XHCN thng qua
bu c hp hin (Ba Lan, Hung-ga-ri)
Chuyn ho bn trong, to khng hong chnh tri-x hi, kt hp kch ng biu tnh, to p lc ca
qun chng i thay i ch (Cng ho dn ch c, Tip Khc, Bun-ga-ri, Ru-ma-ni)
Chuyn ho v chia r bn trong bn trong v bn trn, v hiu ho lc lng v trang, to ra tnh
th phn cch mng thay i ch (Lin X)
Li dng vn dn tc kch ng li khai lm suy yu hoc tan r quc gia thng nht (Nam T)
Nhn thc v din bin ho bnh chng CNXH ca cc th lc th ch c rt ra t thc tin v
l mt qu trnh pht trin theo thi gian. V vy, trong qu trnh nhn thc cng c nhiu cch hiu
v din t khc nhau. Tuy nhin, v bn cht, quan nim chung v din bin ho bnh c th din
t tng i thng nht nhng ni dung c bn sau:
Din bin ho bnh l chin lc c bn ca Ch ngha quc ng u l quc M v cc
th lc th ch, nhm xo b CNXH v phong tro c lp dn tc. Chin lc din bin ho bnh
c thc hin thng qua phng thc tng hp, bng cc bin php phi qun s l ch yu, thm
thu dn tng bc; to nn cc nhn t, lc lng i lp ngay trong lng cc nc XHCN v dn
tc c lp chng ph, tin ti lm chch hng v lt ch , ginh thng li cho ch ngha
T bn m khng cn chin tranh.
V vy ngy nay, chng din bin ho bnh l cuc u tranh giai cp, dn tc ht sc quyt lit,
phc tp v lu di ca cc nc XHCN v dn tc c lp trn th gii vi ch ngha quc.
2. Bo lon lt
T thc tin chng ph cc nc XHCN v c lp dn tc trong hn 50 nm qua ca ch ngha
quc, c th nhn din bo lon lt nh sau:
- Bo lon lt l mt phng thc ca ch ngha quc chng ph cc nc XHCN v c lp
dn tc, bng th on bo lc; l hot ng c t chc, bao gm c chnh tr v v trang do bn
phn ng trong nc tin hnh; c s ch o v h tr, phi hp ca ch ngha quc v cc
th lc phn ng bn ngoi; nhm lt ch , dng nn chnh quyn t sn thn M v phng
Ty Trung ng hoc a phng.
- Bo lon lt c th ch bng bo lc chnh tr ca qun chng nh Trung Quc (1989), Nam
T (2000), Grudia (2003), Ucraina (2004), Crgstan (2005). Blaruxia(2006). Bng v trang nh
Csv (Nam T), ng-ti-mo( Innxia). C th bng bo lc chnh tr kt hp v trang nh
Rumani (1989), Udbkistan (2005)... Bn cht ca bo lon lt cng chnh l vn u tranh
giai cp, dn tc; mang tnh i khng, mt mt mt cn, nn cuc u tranh chng bo lon lt
ht sc quyt lit, phc tp. Mc tiu ch yu ca bo lon lt l ginh chnh quyn.
Bo lon lt c th din ra di cc hnh thc sau:
+ Bo lon chnh tr
+ Bo lon v trang
+ Bo lon chnh tr c v trang
- cc nc XHCN bo lon lt thng gn lin vi din bin ho bnh nh : Cng ho dn
ch c (1953), Hunggari (1956), Tip Khc (1968), Ba Lan (1980), Trung Quc (1989), Bungari
(1990), Rumani (1989)... Din bin ho bnh lm ch cng sn suy yu v chun b lc lng,
to ra iu kin, thi c cho bo lon lt . Bo lon lt l bin php dng bo lc thc hin
mc tiu cui cng ca din bin hobnh- lt chnh quyn, xo b CNXH. Ni khc i, bo lon
lt l mt phng thc cp chnh quyn, lt nh nc XHCN bng bo lc phn cch mng
trong bi cnh m din bin ho bnh to ra.
Gn y, sau nhng thnh cng ca hng lot cuc Cch mng nhung cc nc cng ho thuc
Lin X c, bo lon lt ang c nng ln thnh bin php chin lc, nhm thc y chin
lc din bin ho bnh ca M trong nhim k 2 ca tng thng G. Bu-s(2004-2008).
Cch mng nhung thc cht l bo lon lt ginh chnh quyn ca lc lng i lp, di s
ch o v h tr ca M v phng Ty, trong mi trng t nc b khng hong kinh t- chnh
tr- x hi, do din bin ho bnh to ra; l s pht trin ca chin lc din bin ho bnh mt
cch to bo, trng trn v kin quyt hn trong iu kin: t nc tn ti ch a nguyn
chnh tr, a ng i lp, ang suy thoi nghim trng v kinh t; chnh quyn suy yu, tham nhng,
khng qun l iu hnh c t nc; mt b phn khng nh qun chng mt nim tin v bt
bnh vi chnh ph, lc lng v trang b v hiu ho... Nu khng c cc iu kin trn, cch
mng nhung s b tht bi nh : Cmpuchia(1998, 2003), Udbkstan(2005), Blartxia(3.2006).
Phng thc ch yu ca cc cuc cch mng nhung l:
Di s ch o, h tr v mi mt ca M v phng Ty, cc th lc chng i khot su sai lm,
yu km ca chnh quyn, kh khn ca t nc(khng hong kinh t-x hi, tham nhng- quan
liu, phn ho chia r ni b...); li dng dn tc, tn gio, dn ch, nhn quyn tin cng ton
din v: chnh tr, kinh t, t tng, vn ha... kt hp vi rn e v gy p lc ca nc ngoi; lc
lng i lp tp trung nh thng vo c quan lnh o nh nc bng th on: vu co, xuyn
tc, bi nh chnh ph; chia r qun i, cnh st, vin kim st vi ban lnh o cp cao, v hiu
ho lc lng v trang v c quan bo v php lut; y t nc ln su vo khng hong ton
din v: chnh tr-kinh t-x hi. Nm thi c, vo thi im bu c, lc lng chnh tr i lp huy
ng mt b phn ln qun chng b kch ng, mua chuc, tin hnh bo lon chnh tr( c th c
v trang); lt , cp chnh quyn Th v cc thnh ph ln, dng chnh quyn bt hp php,
c M v phng Ty ng h.
i tng ca cch mng nhung l nhng quc gia cc khu vc lin quan n li ch chin lc
ca M, l nhng ni m h cho rng cha c dn ch. Theo cc nh lnh o M, trn th gii
hin cn 3 khu vc cha c dn ch: Cng ng cc quc gia c lp(SNG), th gii A Rp, mt
s nc thuc ng - ng Nam ; m in hnh l Trung Quc, Vit Nam, Triu Tin v Mianma.
V vy, thi gian ti chng ta cn ht sc cnh gic vi cch mng nhung ca M.
II. NI DUNG V GII PHP PHNG CHNG DIN BIN HO BNH, BO LON LT
Din bin ho bnh ca ch c tin hnh trn nhiu lnh vc. V vy, phng chng ca ta cng
phi ton din; tuy nhin, cn tp trung trn mt s lnh vc ch yu:
1. Phng chng din bin ho bnh trn mt s lnh vc
a. V t tng- vn ho
Vn ng Vit kiu tham gia pht hin, u tranh vi nhng m mu v hnh ng chng ph ca
bn phn ng lu vong ngi Vit.
Phi hp cht ch gia i ngoi vi an ninh-quc phng trong phng v chng din bin ho
bnh, bo lon lt . Khng cho ch li dng lnh th cc nc lng ging xm nhp, h tr,
ch o chng ph Vit Nam.
2.Phng chng bo lon lt
Phng chng bo lon theo quan im ca ng ta l nhm bo v ng, chnh quyn, ch
XHCN v bo v nhn dn. Ly ngn nga, y li bo lon l ch yu. Mun ngn nga, y li
cn phi gi cho trong m, ngoi m, trit tiu cc iu kin, thi c gy bo lon ca ch. Trc
ht l trit tiu mi mm mng gy mt n nh v an ninh chnh tr, trt t an ton x hi, khng
b bt ng.
Nhng nm trc mt tnh hnh chnh tr, kinh t, x hi ca t nc cn phc tp, tim n nhiu
nhn t gy mt n nh do nhng nguyn nhn :
- S chng ph ca k th trong v ngoi nc ngy cng quyt lit;
- Tc ng tiu cc t nn kinh t th trng vi thnh phn kinh t t bn, t nhn ngy cng pht
trin, trong iu kin trnh v nng lc qun l ca ta cn hn ch; cng vi s tc ng ton din
t nhng bin ng ca th trng, ri ro v ti chnh ca th gii i vi t nc khi chng ta hi
nhp quc t ngy cng su rng hn.
- S suy thoi bin cht ca mt b phn khng nh cn b, ng vin v s xut hin ngy cng
nhiu nhng phn t c hi, bt mn.; dn n ni b ng phn ho, mt on kt.
- Quyn dn ch, li ch chnh ng ca nhn dn b vi phm nhiu ni.
- S phn ho tng lp giai cp trong x hi ngy cng tng, ko theo l s bt bnh ng v mu
thun ni ti trong x hi ngy cng nhiu gia cc tng lp, gia mt b phn cc dn tc.
Khi tch t , c thi c, b k th kch ng, nhng nhn t trn d bng pht, to ra cc cuc
bo lon trn t nc ta. Nh mt nh phn tch chnh tr khi bnh lun v hot ng ca phe i
lp gy bo lon, ginh chnh quyn mt s nc cng ho thuc SNG gn y, tng ni:
H( phe i lp) lun tm cch tho mn v s dng s bt bnh ngy cng tng ca dn chng
V vy, ngn nga, y li bo lon lt cn phi:
- Trit tiu nhng mu thun ni b, khc phc nhng yu km, khng cho ch li dng kim c
kch ng qun chng nhn dn. Thc s chm lo gii quyt c hiu qu nhng bc xc, kh khn
v i sng, nhng nguyn vng chnh ng ca nhn dn ( nh , t ai, vic lm, tin lng,
cha bnh, xo b t nn x hi...)
- Xy dng ng v Nh nc thc s trong sch vng mnh, ci cch hnh chnh theo hng: tn
trng quyn dn ch, tn trng li ch chnh ng ca nhn dn, chng tham nhng v lm trong
sch i ng cng chc nh nc. ng thi x l nghim minh cn b lm sai chnh sch, php
lut, cng c nim tin ca nhn dn vi ng, chnh quyn. Chm lo xy dng c s chnh tr vng
mnh, thc hin tt dn ch c s.
- Hon thin h thng chnh tr, khng chp nhn a nguyn v chnh tr, a ng i lp. ng thi
u tranh vch trn mi m mu v hnh ng li dng cc vn dn tc, dn ch, nhn
quyn, t do tn gio, chng tham nhng... kch ng nhn dn biu tnh, bo lon chng
chnh quyn.
- Trit ph, bc g cc t chc phn ng, tnh bo, gin ip, cc lc lng v trang tr hnh. u
tranh v qun l hot ng ca cc phn t c hi, bt mn; khng cho ch dng c ngn c v