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KEUANGAN
LAPORAN KEUANGAN :
suatu gambaran tentang posisi &
perkembangan keuangan perusahaan
dalam periode waktu tertentu / saat
tertentu.
LAPORAN DALAM BENTUK:
NERACA
LAPORAN LABA RUGI
LAPORAN ARUS KAS
Aktiva Lancar
Kas
Sekuritas
Piutang
Persediaan
Aktiva Tetap
Tanah
dikurangi : penyusutan
PASIVA
Hutang lancar
Hutang dagang
Hutang wesel
Hutang bank
Hutang pajak
Hutang jangka panjang
Obligasi
Modal sendiri
Saham
Laba ditahan
INFORMASI KEUANGAN
BERMANFAAT : UNTUK MENGETAHUI
DAN MENGURANGI KETIDAKPASTIAN
DAN DAPAT DIJADIKAN DASAR UNTUK
PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN
INFORMASI AKAN BERMANFAAT JIKA :
UP TO DATE
RELEVAN
RELIABLE
PIHAK YANG
BERKEPENTINGAN TERHADAP
ANALISIS LAPORAN
KEUANGAN
PIHAK INVESTOR
PIHAK KREDITUR
PIHAK PEMERINTAH
PIHAK MANAJEMEN
1. Liquidity Ratios
Untuk mengukur
kemampuan perusahaan
dalam memenuhi
kewajiban jangka pendek
Rasio-rasio likuiditas
Current ratio =
Aktiva lancar
Hutang lancar
Ratio-ratio aktivitas
Perputaran persediaan =
Hrg Pokok Produksi / Rata-rata Persediaan
3. Leverage Ratios
(financing decisions)
Kemampuan perusahaan untuk
memenuhi seluruh kewajiban atau
kewajiban jangka panjang
RATIO-RATIO LEVERAGE
4. Profitability Ratio
Kemampuan perusahaan
untuk memperoleh
keuntungan
Bagaimana manajer
keuangan
memaksimalkan
kesejahteraan pemegang
saham?
RATIO-RATIO
PROFITABILITAS
Dividend PerShare =
Dividen dibagikan/ Saham Beredar
Book Value Ratio Per Share =
Equity Saham preferen / Saham beredar
Market to Book Value Ratio =
Nilai Pasar Saham / Nilai Buku Saham
Efektifitas penggunaan
Financial Ratios
Profitability
Efficiency
Leverage
ANALISIS DU-PONT
$2,540
1,800
18,320
27,530
50,190
43,100
11,400
31,700
81,890
22,000
47,523
13,000
10,000
11,367
34,367
81,890
CyberDragons
Income Statement
Sales (all credit) $112,760
Cost of Goods Sold
( 85,300 )
Gross Profit
31,500
Operating Expenses:
Selling
( 6,540 )
General & Administrative ( 9,400 )
Total Operating Expenses (15,940)
Earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT)
11,520
Interest charges:
Interest on bank notes:
( 850)
Interest on bonds:
(2,310)
Total Interest charges
( 3,160 )
Earnings before taxes (EBT)
8,600
Taxes ( 3,344 )
Net Income
5,016
CyberDragon
Other Information
Dividends paid on common stock
Earnings retained in the firm
Shares outstanding (000)
Market price per share
Book value per share
Earnings per share
Dividends per share
$2,800
2,216
1,300
20
26.44
3.86
2.15
What is CyberDragons
Likuiditas ratio
85,300
= 3.10 times
27,530
18,320
112,760 / 365
= 59,3 days
= 3.56 times
= 1.38 times
Ratio =
47,523
81,890
= 58%
What is CyberDragons
Profitabilitas Ratio
11,520
Profit Margin =
= 10.22%
112,760
This is below the industry average of 12%.
5,016
Return on Equity =
= 14.6%
34,367
The industry average is 17.54%.
Conclusion:
Even though
CyberDragon has
higher leverage than
the industry average,
they are much less
efficient, and
therefore, less
profitable.