TCP/IP STACK

TCP ip stack is used for ip addressing in

the network. We use Ip addressing in
the pc to identify the pc in the network.
IP address is part of the tcp/ip which is
part of the tcp ip stack.

Layers of tcp/ip modal

Application layer
Transport layer
Internet layer
Network layer

Application layer
This layer clubs the work of
application,presentation,session layers
of osi modal. It defines the services in
order to execute. HTTP,SNMP, FTP
protocols are used in this layer.

Transport layer
This layer clubs work of transport
layer of the osi modal. It is
responsible for delivery of
massage to destination. TCP, UDP
protocols are used in this layer.

Internet layer

Work as network layer of osi

modal. It allows routing the
data over the network.

Network layer
This is lowest layer. Include
protocols that are used to transmit
data to other device in the
network.

IP ADDRESSING
In the network the identification of
pc is necessary because of
sending data. We use ipv4 that
have 4 octets and each octet
contais 8 bits.

There are two types of ip

addressing

Ipv4
ipv6

Classification of ip addressing in
ipv4

Class a
Class b
Class c
Class d
Class e

Class a

Range of class a ip is from 0 to 126.

127 ip is used for checking own pc
connection .

Class b

Range of class b ip is from 128 to

191.
Two octets are network bits and other
are host bits

Class c

Range of class c ip is from 192 to

223.
First three octaits are network bits
and other are host bits.
Used in small networks.

Class d and class e

Class d ip range is from 224 to 239.

and class e ip range is 240 to 254.
Not used in simple networks.

IPV6 ip address
Ip version 6 is latest version of ip
addressing. Ipv6 implements' 128
bits network where as ipv4
implements 32 bit network. In
ipv6 represented in hexadecimal
form and denoted by colon to
make it readable. The 128 bits are
divided in eight sections which is 2
bytes in length.