WAN CONNECTIONS

TYPES OF WAN CONNECTIONS:

Dedicated connections.
Circuit-Switched connections.
Packet-Switching.

SYNCHRONOUS ,SERIAL LINES OR

LEASED LINES.
R1
DEDICATED

R2
ASYNCHRONOUS SERIAL,ISDN

(Speed range 45mb/s)

CIRCUITSWITCHING

R1

R2

SYNCHRONOUS SERIAL

(Uses dial up modems i.e.

ISDN).
PACKET-SWITCHING

Telephone
network

R1

(Speed range from 53kb/s to 45mb/s (T3)

SERVICE
PROVIDER

R2

FRAME-RELAY
POINTS TO REMEMBER:
It

is a WAN connection.

Reliable & Acknowledgeable.

Fast/Connection-Oriented.
CCITT & ANSI standard.
Works on Data link layer (layer-2)/Non-Broadcast multi-access
(NBMA).
Consultant committee of international telephone & telegram exchange.
Committed information rate.
American national standard institute.

SET UP
LUDHIANA

R
E0

S0

FRAME-REL
SWITCHES

VIRTUAL
CIRCUIT
VIRTUAL CIRCUIT

S1
E0

CHANDIGARH

CIRCUITS OF FRAME RELAY

Virtual circuits are a logical path which router follow to transfer data between
two devices reliably.
There are two types of virtual circuits:
Permanent virtual circuit (PVC) for continuous data transfer.
Switched virtual circuit just like a phone call when needed.

Commands
Ludhiana configuration:
Ldh(config)#interface s0/0
Ldh(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
Ldh(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay ?
Cisco
IETF
DATALINK CONNECTION IDENTIFIER(DLCI)
16 BITS number provided by ISP.
values ranges from 16-1007
defines connection b/w router & frame-relay switches.
Ldh(config-if)#frame-relay interface dlci 105
LOCAL MANAGEMENT INTERFACE
defines signaling b/w router & frame-relay switches.

Status of LMI
information

exchange.
multicast address.
multicasts information.
dlci status
keepalives
virtual circuit
LMI Types:
Cisco
ANSI
Q933a

Ldh(config-if)#frame-relay type Cisco (or any above).

MAPPINGS:
IP Address must be mapped with DLCI for end-end connectivity.
Ldh(config-if)#frame-relay map 20.0.0.2 105 broadcast
(only for Cisco environment)
Ldh(config-if)# frame-relay map 20.0.0.2 105 IETF broadcast
(only for non-Cisco environment)
Ldh(config-if)#no shut
EXTRA COMMANDS FOR LAB SCENARIO
Ldh(config)#frame-relay switching
Ldh(config-if)#frame-relay interface DTE/DCE